[House Hearing, 119 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                          MARKUP OF H.R. 7008,
                        STOP INSIDER TRADING ACT
=======================================================================

                                 MARKUP

                               BEFORE THE

                           COMMITTEE ON HOUSE
                             ADMINISTRATION

                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               __________

                            JANUARY 14, 2026

                               __________

      Printed for the use of the Committee on House Administration
      
[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]     


                             www.govinfo.gov
                           www.cha.house.gov
                                __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
62-598                    WASHINGTON : 2026                            
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------     

                  COMMITTEE ON HOUSE ADMINISTRATION

                    BRYAN STEIL, Wisconsin, Chairman

LAUREL LEE, Florida, Vice Chair      JOSEPH MORELLE, New York,
BARRY LOUDERMILK, Georgia                 Ranking Member
H. MORGAN GRIFFITH, Virginia         TERRI A. SEWELL, Alabama
GREG MURPHY, North Carolina          NORMA TORRES, California
STEPHANIE BICE, Oklahoma             JULIE JOHNSON, Texas
MARY MILLER, Illinois
MIKE CAREY, Ohio

                      Mike Platt,  Staff Director 
                 Jamie Fleet,  Minority Staff Director 
                        
                        C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                              ----------                              
                                                                   Page

                           Opening Statements

Chairman Bryan Steil, Representative from the State of Wisconsin.     1
    Prepared statement of Chairman Bryan Steil...................     3
Ranking Member Joseph Morelle, Representative from the State of 
  New York.......................................................     4
    Prepared statement of Ranking Member Joseph Morelle..........     5

                       Submissions for the Record

Campaign Legal Center letter.....................................     7
P Street statement...............................................     9
Public Citizen statement.........................................    10
Democracy Defenders Action statement.............................    11
Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington statement...    13
Project On Government Oversight statement........................    16
End Citizens United Action Fund statement........................    18
H.R. 7008........................................................    20
Steil Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute....................    30
Morelle amendment................................................    39
Morelle amendment................................................    55
Torres amendment.................................................    57
Sewell amendment.................................................    63
Sewell letter....................................................    65
Morelle amendment................................................    81
Johnson amendment................................................    87
Morelle amendment................................................    95
Roll Call Vote #1................................................   102
Roll Call Vote #2................................................   103
Roll Call Vote #3................................................   104
Roll Call Vote #4................................................   105
Roll Call Vote #5................................................   106
Roll Call Vote #6................................................   107
Roll Call Vote #7................................................   108

 
                          MARKUP OF H.R. 7008,
                        STOP INSIDER TRADING ACT

                              ----------                              


                            January 14, 2026

                 Committee on House Administration,
                                  House of Representatives,
                                                   Washington, D.C.
    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:07 a.m., in 
room 1310, Longworth House Office Building, Hon. Bryan Steil 
[Chairman of the Committee] presiding.
    Present: Representatives Steil, Loudermilk, Griffith, Bice, 
Carey, Lee, Miller, Morelle, Sewell, Torres, and Johnson.
    Staff present: Mike Platt, Staff Director; Rachel Collins, 
General Counsel; Abby Salter, Deputy General Counsel; Jordan 
Wilson, Director of Member Services; Josh Weber, Counsel; Cole 
Hernandez, Counsel; Kristen Monterroso, Director of Operations; 
Annemarie Cake, Professional Staff and Deputy Clerk; Jamie 
Fleet, Minority Staff Director; Khalil Abboud, Minority Deputy 
Staff Director; Nikolas Youngsmith, Minority Elections Counsel; 
Sarah Nasta, Minority Elections Counsel; and Owen Reilly, 
Minority Professional Staff.

    OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. BRYAN STEIL, CHAIRMAN OF THE 
 COMMITTEE ON HOUSE ADMINISTRATION, A U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM 
                           WISCONSIN

    Chairman Steil. The Committee on House Administration will 
come to order. I note that a quorum is present, and the Chair 
may declare a recess at any time.
    First, before we begin, I would like to acknowledge that 
Dr. Murphy is not with us. He continues to battle a health 
concern. I spoke to him earlier this week. He is in high 
spirits and hopes to be joining us back here in Washington, 
D.C., soon.
    Dr. Murphy, we will miss your jokes because I know that you 
probably had a whole string of them teed up for today. If you 
are watching, we miss you, and we look forward to your soon 
return.
    We are here today because no Member of Congress, regardless 
of party or seniority, should be profiting off of insider 
information. You want to trade stocks, go to Wall Street. Here 
on Capitol Hill, we are working for the American people.
    There is a lot of talk in this town about draining the 
swamp and cleaning up Washington. Well, today the rubber hits 
the road. Good governance matters, and the Committee on House 
Administration is leading the charge.
    Let us step back and look at how we got here.
    The STOCK Act of 2012 prohibits public officials from using 
nonpublic information for their own financial benefit. It was a 
good start, but time has shown that more needs to be done.
    Social media accounts have garnered significant attention 
for documenting lawmakers' stock trades. Some may be shocked to 
hear that, at times, the reporting has been sensationalized and 
outright untrue. However, there are documented instances that 
raise very real red flags.
    A number of bills have been introduced to strengthen the 
existing rules, but to date none have been called up in 
Committee or seen floor action.
    The product we have today is a result of months of work 
with our colleagues, and I believe we are in a position to pass 
it.
    I want to take a moment to thank a number of Members who 
are not on this Committee who have been instrumental in this 
regard, including Chip Roy, Anna Paulina Luna, Tim Burchett, 
Michael Cloud, Brian Fitzpatrick, and many others who have 
worked on this product for years. I am grateful for their 
collaboration.
    I am also grateful for the collaboration of the Members of 
this Committee who provided thoughtful feedback throughout this 
process.
    I also want to thank our leadership team, who is committed 
to moving this bill forward to the House floor if it passes 
this Committee today.
    As I highlighted during our hearing, we have an opportunity 
to dramatically improve America's trust in Congress.
    I will detail the bill in a few minutes, but let me now 
emphasize two broader points.
    This legislation ensures that no Member can profit off of 
insider information. It still allows individuals who have had 
successful careers in the private sector to come to Congress. 
Both of those principles are important.
    Today, I think you will hear everyone agree that this is a 
good bill, although they may make arguments that something 
could be a little bit better.
    You will hear what I call the ``Goldilocks'' argument, that 
the porridge is too hot, the porridge is too cold. They may try 
to allow perfection to be the enemy of the good. You may hear 
people that want something a little bit more.
    I often think about a second grader, a second grade nephew, 
who when, if you offer him an ice cream cone, says no because 
he wants a banana split.
    Other Members, as we have seen on social media recently, 
may try to mislead you as to what is or is not in the bill. 
This markup gives us an opportunity to dialog the bill and make 
the record incredibly clear.
    Some amendments may be offered which would have the effect 
of derailing the progress that I believe we can make, attempts 
to refer to another committee or pull apart the coalition that 
is needed to pass this legislation on the House floor. 
Frustratingly, that is often how Washington works.
    Perfection is far too often the enemy of the good in this 
town. This Committee is focused on cleaning up Washington, and 
that is what we are going to do.
    As I have said, we have a real opportunity here to make 
substantial reform that cleans up Washington and increases the 
American people's trust in this institution.
    The American people should be confident that lawmakers are 
working for them, not seeking office to financially benefit 
themselves.
    I thank the Members for being here today, and I urge your 
support for the legislation that we will bring up before us. I 
look forward to a thoughtful discussion. I yield back.
    I now recognize the Ranking Member, Mr. Morelle, for 5 
minutes for the purpose of offering an opening statement.
    [The prepared statement of Chairman Steil follows:]

   PREPARED STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOUSE 
                   ADMINISTRATION BRYAN STEIL

    We are here today because no Member of Congress, regardless 
of party or seniority, should be profiting off of insider 
information. You want to trade stocks, go to Wall Street. Here 
on Capitol Hill, we are working for the American people. There 
is a lot of talk in this town about draining the swamp and 
cleaning up Washington. Well, today the rubber hits the road. 
Good governance matters, and the Committee on House 
Administration is leading the charge.
    Let us step back and look at how we got here.
    The STOCK Act of 2012 prohibits public officials from using 
nonpublic information for their own financial benefit. It was a 
good start, but time has shown that more needs to be done.
    Social media accounts have garnered significant attention 
for documenting lawmakers' stock trades. Some may be shocked to 
hear that, at times, the reporting has been sensationalized and 
outright untrue. However, there are documented instances that 
raise very real red flags.
    A number of bills have been introduced to strengthen the 
existing rules, but to date none have been called up in 
Committee or seen floor action.
    The product we have today is a result of months of work 
with our colleagues, and I believe we are in a position to pass 
it. I want to take a moment to thank a number of Members who 
are not on this Committee who have been instrumental in this 
regard, including Chip Roy, Anna Paulina Luna, Tim Burchett, 
Michael Cloud, Brian Fitzpatrick, and many others who have 
worked on this product for years. I am grateful for their 
collaboration.
    I am also grateful for the collaboration of the Members of 
this Committee who provided thoughtful feedback throughout this 
process. I also want to thank our leadership team, who is 
committed to moving this bill forward to the House floor if it 
passes this Committee today. As I highlighted during our 
hearing, we have an opportunity to dramatically improve 
America's trust in Congress. I will detail the bill in a few 
minutes, but let me now emphasize two broader points.
    This legislation ensures that no Member can profit off of 
insider information. It still allows individuals who have had 
successful careers in the private sector to come to Congress. 
Both of those principles are important.
    Today, I think you will hear everyone agree that this is a 
good bill, although they may make arguments that something 
could be a little bit better. You will hear what I call the 
``Goldilocks'' argument, that the porridge is too hot, the 
porridge is too cold. They may try to allow perfection to be 
the enemy of the good. You may hear people that want something 
a little bit more. I often think about a second grader, a 
second grade nephew, who when, if you offer him an ice cream 
cone, says no because he wants a banana split. Other Members, 
as we have seen on social media recently, may try to mislead 
you as to what is or is not in the bill. This markup gives us 
an opportunity to dialogue the bill and make the record 
incredibly clear.
    Some amendments may be offered which would have the effect 
of derailing the progress that I believe we can make, attempts 
to refer to another committee or pull apart the coalition that 
is needed to pass this legislation on the House floor. 
Frustratingly, that is often how Washington works. Perfection 
is far too often the enemy of the good in this town. This 
Committee is focused on cleaning up Washington, and that is 
what we are going to do. As I have said, we have a real 
opportunity here to make substantial reform that cleans up 
Washington and increases the American people's trust in this 
institution. The American people should be confident that 
lawmakers are working for them, not seeking office to 
financially benefit themselves.

OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. JOSEPH MORELLE, RANKING MEMBER OF THE 
 COMMITTEE ON HOUSE ADMINISTRATION, A U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM 
                            NEW YORK

    Mr. Morelle. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Happy New Year, everyone. Nice to see everyone following 
the holidays.
    My colleagues and I would certainly join with you in 
wishing the very best to Dr. Murphy as he recuperates, and 
hopefully we will see him back in Committee and on the floor 
very, very soon.
    Mr. Chairman, as I said at our hearing on this topic last 
year, I strongly support a ban on Federal officers, including 
Members of Congress, the President, Vice President, and judges 
and Justices of the Federal judiciary, trading individual 
stocks.
    When politicians trade stocks, they erode public trust, not 
just trust in Congress, but in our Government writ large, and a 
collapse in public trust has serious consequences for this 
Nation.
    The American people, sadly, have stopped believing that 
Government is working on their behalf. They no longer feel we 
are a Government of the people, by the people, and for the 
people.
    Who can blame them?
    Republican Members of Congress enrich themselves while 
cutting healthcare for millions of Americans.
    Donald Trump promised a booming economy on day one of his 
term. What do we get from him instead? The President is focused 
on ballrooms, on Greenland, on invading Venezuela to seize oil 
fields on behalf of his corporate donors, and on making 
millions--possibly billions--in the crypto space, that he has 
done nothing yet to make America more affordable for the 
hundreds of millions of Americans who rely on it.
    Our fellow Americans face skyrocketing prices everywhere 
they look. We are coming off the weakest year of job growth 
since the pandemic. Donald Trump is running the American 
economy into the ground. Our Government is in a crisis of 
public trust.
    Congress must do something to end the culture of 
corruption, begun largely by the Republicans in Washington, 
right now.
    I would welcome any chance for us to consider legislation 
to end congressional stock trading. That is not what this bill 
does. In fact, the Stop Insider Trading Act allows Members of 
Congress to continue to trade a substantial number of 
individual stocks.
    Under this bill, the wealthiest Members of Congress can 
keep every single share of stock they currently own and use 
their dividends to buy even more stock.
    Under this bill, Members can liquidate their holdings at 
any time while in office profiting off years of ballooning 
investment portfolios.
    Under this bill, spouses of Members can trade freely, buy 
or sell on behalf or for the benefit of any person other than 
themselves, their spouse, or their dependent children.
    I call this the ``grandma'' loophole because this loophole 
allows spouses or dependent children of Members to trade on 
behalf of grandparents or parents, their siblings. A Member's 
spouse could freely trade stocks on behalf of their parents or 
grandparents with a Member of Congress in line to inherit the 
estate.
    This is a loophole so big, you could fly a Qatari jet right 
through it.
    The bill does nothing to crack down on the self-dealing 
currently in progress at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. The 
President continues to trade securities for his own enrichment, 
including the recent purchase of up to a million dollars in 
Warner Bros. bonds, all while Warner Bros. is in the middle of 
merger talks--merger talks that will need the approval of 
President Trump's FCC.
    The bill does nothing to stop judges and Justices from 
trading stocks in companies who have cases before them in 
court.
    The Stop Insider Trading Act falls far, far too short. I 
would not even call this a half-measure. It is a misdirection 
play.
    Because of that, because I believe this bill is simply 
Speaker Johnson's attempt to blunt momentum toward a full 
congressional stock trading ban, I plan on opposing the bill 
today.
    First, Committee Democrats will offer a series of 
amendments to strengthen this deeply flawed bill. I vigorously 
encourage my colleagues to consider each of the amendments we 
offer.
    Should the majority refuse to adopt these amendments, I 
assure my colleagues on this Committee and Americans watching 
us now that today's markup is not the end of House Democrats' 
war against corruption in our Government, because at the end of 
today's proceedings Donald Trump's America will still be as 
expensive as it was yesterday; at the end of today's 
proceedings this administration will still be corrupt as it was 
yesterday; and at the end of today's proceedings, if this bill, 
in its current unamended form, moves on to the full House, to 
the Senate, or to the White House, Members of Congress will 
still be permitted to own and trade a wide range of individual 
stocks.
    That is why after the American people fire Mike Johnson in 
November, Democrats will do what Republicans have refused to do 
for years, what they refuse to do today. Democrats will pass 
legislation to actually ban stock trading by Members of 
Congress, to ban stock trading by the President of the United 
States, to ban stock trading by members of the U.S. Supreme 
Court.
    For now, however, I look forward to offering amendments to 
fix this broken bill, and a year from now I look forward to 
finally banning congressional stock trading under a Democrat 
majority.
    Before I yield back, I would like unanimous consent to 
enter into the record statements in opposition to the bill from 
Campaign Legal Center, P Street, Public Citizen, Democracy 
Defenders, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in 
Washington, Project on Government Oversight, and Citizens 
United.
    Chairman Steil. Without objection.
    [The prepared statement of Ranking Member Morelle follows:]

PREPARED STATEMENT OF RANKING MEMBER OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOUSE 
                 ADMINISTRATION JOSEPH MORELLE

    Mr. Chairman, as I said at our hearing on this topic last 
year, I strongly support a ban on Federal officers, including 
Members of Congress, the President, Vice President, and judges 
and Justices of the Federal judiciary, trading individual 
stocks. When politicians trade stocks, they erode public trust, 
not just trust in Congress, but in our Government writ large, 
and a collapse in public trust has serious consequences for 
this Nation.
    The American people, sadly, have stopped believing that 
Government is working on their behalf. They no longer feel we 
are a Government of the people, by the people, and for the 
people. Who can blame them? Republican Members of Congress 
enrich themselves while cutting healthcare for millions of 
Americans. Donald Trump promised a booming economy on day one 
of his term. What do we get from him instead? The President is 
focused on ballrooms, on Greenland, on invading Venezuela to 
seize oil fields on behalf of his corporate donors, and on 
making millions possibly billions in the crypto space, that he 
has done nothing yet to make America more affordable for the 
hundreds of millions of Americans who rely on it.
    Our fellow Americans face skyrocketing prices everywhere 
they look. We are coming off the weakest year of job growth 
since the pandemic. Donald Trump is running the American 
economy into the ground. Our Government is in a crisis of 
public trust. Congress must do something to end the culture of 
corruption, begun largely by the Republicans in Washington, 
right now. I would welcome any chance for us to consider 
legislation to end congressional stock trading. That is not 
what this bill does. In fact, the Stop Insider Trading Act 
allows Members of Congress to continue to trade a substantial 
number of individual stocks. Under this bill, the wealthiest 
Members of Congress can keep every single share of stock they 
currently own and use their dividends to buy even more stock.
    Under this bill, Members can liquidate their holdings at 
any time while in office profiting off years of ballooning 
investment portfolios. Under this bill, spouses of Members can 
trade freely, buy or sell on behalf or for the benefit of any 
person other than themselves, their spouse, or their dependent 
children. I call this the ``grandma'' loophole because this 
loophole allows spouses or dependent children of Members to 
trade on behalf of grandparents or parents, their siblings. A 
Member's spouse could freely trade stocks on behalf of their 
parents or grandparents with a Member of Congress in line to 
inherit the estate. This is a loophole so big, you could fly a 
Qatari jet right through it.
    The bill does nothing to crack down on the self-dealing 
currently in progress at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. The 
President continues to trade securities for his own enrichment, 
including the recent purchase of up to a million dollars in 
Warner Bros. bonds, all while Warner Bros. is in the middle of 
merger talks merger talks that will need the approval of 
President Trump's FCC. The bill does nothing to stop judges and 
Justices from trading stocks in companies who have cases before 
them in court. The Stop Insider Trading Act falls far, far too 
short. I would not even call this a half-measure. It is a 
misdirection play. Because of that, because I believe this bill 
is simply Speaker Johnson's attempt to blunt momentum toward a 
full congressional stock trading ban, I plan on opposing the 
bill today. First, Committee Democrats will offer a series of 
amendments to strengthen this deeply flawed bill. I vigorously 
encourage my colleagues to consider each of the amendments we 
offer.
    Should the majority refuse to adopt these amendments, I 
assure my colleagues on this Committee and Americans watching 
us now that today's markup is not the end of House Democrats' 
war against corruption in our Government, because at the end of 
today's proceedings Donald Trump's America will still be as 
expensive as it was yesterday; at the end of today's 
proceedings this administration will still be corrupt as it was 
yesterday; and at the end of today's proceedings, if this bill, 
in its current unamended form, moves on to the full House, to 
the Senate, or to the White House, Members of Congress will 
still be permitted to own and trade a wide range of individual 
stocks.
    That is why after the American people fire Mike Johnson in 
November, Democrats will do what Republicans have refused to do 
for years, what they refuse to do today. Democrats will pass 
legislation to actually ban stock trading by Members of 
Congress, to ban stock trading by the President of the United 
States, to ban stock trading by members of the United States 
Supreme Court. For now, however, I look forward to offering 
amendments to fix this broken bill, and a year from now I look 
forward to finally banning congressional stock trading under a 
Democrat majority.

    [The statements in opposition referred to follow:]
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Mr. Morelle. With that, Mr. Chairman, I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    I now call up H.R. 7008, the Stop Insider Trading Act.
    As I alluded in my opening statement, today we have a huge 
opportunity in front of us. The public is watching closely.
    First, let us discuss current law. Let us set the stage.
    Congress passed the STOCK Act in 2012 to address insider 
trading. Under the STOCK Act, Members of Congress were required 
to disclose individual trades a month or more after they 
occurred. The reporting is done in increments rather than exact 
amounts. This can fuel misinformation and sensationalized 
headlines.
    Violations under the STOCK Act under current law carry a 
penalty of $200. The challenge of current law is it allows the 
purchase of individual stocks.
    The Stop Insider Trading Act, the bill before us today, 
significantly reforms current law. Let us take a moment to walk 
through how it works.
    Under our bill, no Member, Member's spouse, or dependent 
child may purchase a security issued by a publicly traded 
company. Buying widely held investments that are diversified 
and publicly traded, such as mutual funds, is permissible. Safe 
harbors are provided for spousal income earned in the ordinary 
course of work.
    If a Member owns a stock prior to Congress, they can 
maintain ownership, but, again, stock acquisition is banned. 
The sale of any stock owned prior to coming to Congress 
requires public notice at least 7 days prior to the sale.
    The bill includes an occupational exception for spouses or 
dependent children who trade stock for others as a function of 
their occupation. A stockbroker or life insurance salesperson 
is a good example here.
    The penalties for this legislation are significant. Failure 
to comply will result in issuance of a fine equal to either 
$2,000 or 10 percent of the covered assets, whichever is 
greater. Additionally, any net gain realized from the sale will 
be forfeited.
    In summary, the legislation eliminates the ability to 
profit off of insider information. We are at a moment in time 
where soon every American will know where their Representative 
stands on stock trading.
    I encourage my colleagues to not let partisanship stand in 
the way of real, substantive progress. I urge my colleagues to 
support the legislation.
    I will now recognize the Ranking Member, Mr. Morelle, to 
give a statement on the bill.
    The clerk will please report the bill.
    The Clerk. H.R. 7008, to amend Chapter 131 of Title 5----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the first reading of the 
bill is dispensed with.
    Also, without objection, the bill shall be considered as 
read and open to amendment at any point.
    [H.R. 7008 follows:]
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Chairman Steil. I have an Amendment in the Nature of a 
Substitute at the desk. The clerk will please report the 
amendment.
    The Clerk. Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute to H.R. 
7008----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the Amendment in the 
Nature of a Substitute is considered as read and will serve as 
base text for the purpose of further amendment.
    [The Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute follows:]
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Chairman Steil. Do other Members seek recognition for 
amendment or debate?
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. Yes, Mr. Chairman. I have an amendment at the 
desk.
    Chairman Steil. Mr. Morelle has an amendment at the desk. 
We will pause while the amendment is distributed.
    The clerk will report the amendment.
    The Clerk. Strike all after enacting----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the amendment is 
considered as read.
    [The amendment of Ranking Member Morelle follows:]
   [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida reserves a 
point of order.
    The gentleman from New York is recognized on his amendment.
    Mr. Morelle. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    My amendment would strike the text of the underlying bill 
and replace it with the Restore Trust in Government Act, a bill 
introduced by our colleague, Seth Magaziner, to actually ban 
trading of individual stocks by high-ranking Government 
officials.
    The Restore Trust in Government Act would do many things 
that the Stop Insider Trading Act fails to do. For example, it 
would require Members of Congress and the President and Vice 
President to divest entirely from their investment holdings 
when they enter public office. This requirement would also 
apply to Members' spouses and dependent children.
    Unlike today's bill, the Restore Trust in Government Act 
would bar covered individuals from trading; that is, buying and 
selling and even holding stocks and other financial 
instruments.
    The Restore Trust in Government Act would also ensure that 
Government officials covered by stock trading prohibitions are 
unable to write off trading losses from their taxes.
    There is extensive support in the House already for the 
Restore Trust in Government Act, to say nothing of the several 
other thoughtful, sometimes bipartisan bills that have been 
introduced to prohibit congressional stock trading.
    Each of these bills will be more effective at stopping 
insider trading, conflicts of interest, and corruption than the 
bill we have before us today.
    If Speaker Johnson were truly serious about banning 
congressional stock trading, which he has publicly said, we 
would be considering the Restore Trust in Government Act today 
or something substantially like it.
    I encourage my colleagues to support this amendment to 
finally ban stock trading by high-ranking Government officials.
    With that, I will yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment.
    Ms. Sewell is recognized for 5 minutes.
    Ms. Sewell. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I, too, support the Restore Trust in Government Act.
    Every day elected officials make decisions that impact the 
quality of life for all Americans. Far too often bad actors 
take advantage of the sensitive information that is shared 
within the policymaking process to line their pockets for their 
own financial gain.
    To be sure, the problem that we are addressing here today 
is a very serious one. I just do not believe that the Stop 
Investor Trading Act is the right legislation. It does not go 
far enough to stop trading from occurring by Members of 
Congress and their families, and it does not address executives 
at all, whether that is the President or Vice President or any 
member of the executive.
    To be sure, this is a serious problem. Time and time again, 
elected officials have broken the trust of the American people 
by exploiting their positions of power for financial gain.
    This was on full display shortly after the COVID-19 
pandemic began. Members from both sides of the aisle used 
privileged information from briefings about the pandemic to 
trade securities.
    According to a review of financial disclosures by the 
Campaign Legal Center, 12 Senators made at least 227 purchases 
or sales that resulted in $98.3 million in stock profits.
    On the House side, there were about 1,360 transactions by 
37 Representatives that resulted in $60.5 million worth of 
stock profits.
    Most of these profits were generated from stocks associated 
with companies that played a significant role during the 
pandemic. When the Nation learned about these lucrative stock 
trades, the public's trust in our Government diminished.
    I believe Members from both sides of the aisle can agree 
that we are long overdue for reform. We must ensure proper 
guardrails are in place to prevent elected officials from 
trading securities because voters have a right to know that 
their lawmakers' decisions are in the best interests of the 
people, not of their personal gain.
    However, we not only have the duty to hold ourselves in 
Congress accountable, but we also must pass legislation that 
prohibits financial corruption within the executive branch.
    According to an October report by the Center for American 
Progress, the Trump family has pocketed more than $1.8 billion 
in cash and gifts since his reelection.
    Moreover, administration officials close to President Trump 
have used insider information to line their own pockets while 
American people continue to struggle with rising costs of food, 
healthcare, and housing.
    During the longest Government shutdown in American history, 
as Federal employees missed paychecks and 42 million SNAP 
beneficiaries feared losing access to vital nutrition 
assistance, lawmakers engaged in nearly 200 stock trades, 
earning about 3 to 9 million dollars in financial assets.
    As long as elected officials and public servants are 
allowed to trade stocks for companies that are impacted by 
Federal policy or regulation, the public will rightfully 
question whether we, as elected officials, are working in their 
common good.
    This is why I am proud to be a cosponsor of H.R. 6731, the 
Restore Trust in Government Act, and I support the Ranking 
Member's efforts to substitute this current bill with that 
bill.
    I think it is really important that we have comprehensive 
reform. As a former securities lawyer, I know personally 
firsthand how important it is that we get this right, and we 
need to make sure that we are, indeed, addressing the public's 
concern.
    The bill acknowledges a fundamental truth--both bills: 
Lawmakers are not ordinary investors. Members of Congress 
routinely receive nonpublic briefings, influence regulatory 
outcomes, and shape legislation that can move markets.
    When elected officials are allowed to trade individual 
stocks, even legally, it creates the appearance and sometimes 
the reality of an insider advantage.
    That said, while this legislation is a strong step forward, 
it does not yet go far enough to fully eliminate insider 
trading risk or restore public trust.
    If our goal is to ensure that public service is never 
confused with private gain, this bill must be strengthened. I 
believe substituting this bill for the Restore Trust in 
Government Act is a positive step forward, and I support the 
Ranking Member's efforts to do so.
    With that, I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman yields back.
    Is there further debate?
    Seeing none, I recognize myself to strike the last word.
    I appreciate the intention that my colleague offers this 
amendment. I think we do share the same goal, and we have 
talked about that here at this Committee: How do we prevent 
Members of Congress from profiting off of insider information?
    I think it is important to also make sure that we have 
legislation that allows individuals who have had successful 
private sector careers to also come to Congress.
    I think we are benefited by having individuals from a wide 
array of backgrounds--private sector, farmers, people that 
served in the military--that are able to come to this 
institution.
    I would note that I think in many ways the underlying 
legislation offered here fits into the category of what I call 
the Goldilocks argument: We like the underlying bill, Mr. 
Steil, but we have something that is maybe a little bit better.
    I think what we have is an opportunity with the underlying 
text--which would be removed if this memo was accepted--to make 
real and substantive progress, pass legislation in the House, 
and see that signed into law. By taking and accepting the 
amendment from my colleague from New York, what we would do is 
derail the opportunity for that real and substantive progress, 
the bipartisan legislation that we have before us, 7008.
    It is with that understanding that I am voting against this 
amendment and would encourage my colleagues to do the same.
    The gentleman from Virginia is recognized to strike the 
last word.
    Mr. Griffith. Mr. Chairman, agreeing with all of your 
comments, I would point out, on page 9, paragraph G, that while 
it gives an extension in paragraph H if there are low liquidity 
vesting schedules or contractual restrictions, it does not take 
away the provision that the asset must be divested in the case 
of a special circumstances acquisition that the investment must 
be divested at a fair market value.
    If you own a significant portion of a company--and 
everybody knows you have got 90 days to get rid of your 
significant portion--you are not selling it at a fair market 
value. You are having to sell it at a fire sale. You are 
selling it below market value, which then puts you in violation 
and punishment under the bill as written.
    Yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    Seeing none, does the gentlewoman from Florida insist on a 
point of order?
    Ms. Lee. I withdraw my point of order.
    Chairman Steil. Point of order is withdrawn.
    The question now occurs on the amendment offered by the 
gentleman from New York, Mr. Morelle.
    All those in favor of the amendment, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, say nay.
    In the opinion of the Chair, the nays have it, the nays 
have it.
    Mr. Morelle. Mr. Chairman, I would ask for a recorded vote.
    Chairman Steil. A recorded vote has been requested.
    All those in favor of a recorded vote, please raise your 
hand.
    A sufficient number having raised their hand, a recorded 
vote is ordered.
    The clerk will please call the roll.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil?
    Chairman Steil. Nay.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil votes nay.
    Ms. Lee?
    Ms. Lee. Nay.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes nay.
    Mr. Loudermilk?
    Mr. Loudermilk. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Loudermilk votes no.
    Mr. Griffith?
    Mr. Griffith. Nay.
    The Clerk. Mr. Griffith votes no.
    Dr. Murphy?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mr. Carey?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller?
    Mrs. Miller. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller votes no.
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Morelle votes aye.
    Ms. Sewell?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres?
    Mrs. Torres. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres votes aye.
    Ms. Johnson?
    Ms. Johnson. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Johnson votes aye.
    Chairman Steil. Does any Member wish to change their vote?
    The clerk will please report the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, for this vote, there are three 
ayes and five noes.
    Chairman Steil. The amendment is not adopted.
    Is there further amendment or debate on the underlying 
text?
    Mr. Morelle. Yes, Mr. Chairman. I have an amendment at the 
desk.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman from New York seeks 
recognition, has an amendment at the desk. We will pause while 
the amendment is distributed.
    The clerk will report the amendment.
    The Clerk. Page 2, after line 7, insert the following: An 
employee of the legislative branch----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the amendment is 
considered as read.
    [The amendment of Ranking Member Morelle follows:]
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.041
    
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida reserves a 
point of order.
    The gentleman from New York is recognized on his amendment.
    Mr. Morelle. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    As we are debating the advisability of a stock trading 
ban--and I would repeat, the bill in front of us is not such, 
although it may be labeled such--but I think it is important to 
debate and discuss the full scope of the individuals that ought 
to be covered by such a ban. This amendment would add senior 
staff, as well as judicial officers, as covered individuals 
under the bill.
    Senior staff may have just as much, if not more in many 
cases, inside information than Members of Congress do, and I 
think it is worth debating whether or not they should be 
covered under the bill.
    Judicial officers, on the other hand, should certainly be 
banned from trading stocks. The idea that a judge or Justice or 
their spouse can trade stocks in companies with cases before 
their chambers is completely and utterly unacceptable, and the 
American people know that.
    The independence of the judiciary has been attacked and 
questioned from every angle. A judge or Justice's financial 
interests should not be a consideration or up for question.
    Now, just this week there was a story about Supreme Court 
Justice Alito's recusal from a case because of his financial 
interest in the oil company in a case before the Court. 
According to reporting, Justice Alito has recused himself 10 
times this term and 53 times over the past three terms due to 
his investments.
    While recusal is certainly a better thing than ruling, 
recusal at the Nation's highest court is voluntary, and a 
Justice's impartiality should never be in question due to their 
financial interests, and you would want each of your Supreme 
Court Justices actually engaged in and making determinations.
    When you have to recuse yourself, you withdraw from that 
important consideration in the job before you, which is to 
serve the American people and to dispense justice.
    At this time, however, I withdraw my amendment but strongly 
encourage my Republican colleagues to consider the full scope 
of individuals and officeholders who should be covered by this 
prohibition.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman withdraws his amendment.
    Is there further amendment and debate on the underlying 
text?
    Representative Torres, do you have an amendment at the 
desk?
    Mrs. Torres. Yes.
    Chairman Steil. There is an amendment at the desk. We will 
pause while the amendment is distributed.
    The clerk will report the amendment.
    The Clerk. Page 5, line 15, strike exceptions and all the 
following through----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the amendment is 
considered as read.
    [The amendment of Mrs. Torres follows:]
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.042
    
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida reserves a 
point of order.
    The gentlewoman from California is recognized on her 
amendment for 5 minutes.
    Mrs. Torres. Thank you, Chairman. Happy New Year to you and 
to all of my colleagues.
    My constituents sent me here to ensure their Government 
works for them, not as a stock market cheat for politicians and 
their families.
    People writing and voting on laws that impact the stock 
market, Members of Congress and the Trump administration, 
should never have a blank check to use privileged information 
to cash in while working families continue to struggle.
    At our last hearing, I expressed my outrage that folks like 
Attorney General Pam Bondi and Transportation Secretary Duffy 
have been accused of using insider information to cheat the 
stock market with zero consequences.
    This bill does nothing to fix that.
    We have seen proof that Members who sit on the committee 
responsible for overseeing Big Pharma and who hold large 
amounts of Big Pharma stock vote differently than everyone 
else. Unacceptable.
    This bill allows those same Members to keep all of their 
Big Pharma stocks and reinvest their dividends to buy more. 
Oftentimes, that amount is in the millions.
    Chairman, we can sit here marking up this bill and pretend 
we are banning stock trading when, in fact, we are not. What we 
are doing is creating a loophole or, as I see it, a license to 
profit off of the health of the American people.
    This bill does not stop insider trading. It is riddled with 
loopholes. In fact, it is a gift to insider traders disguised 
as ethics reform.
    This bill, it does not require Members to divest. You can 
keep every stock you own and still pass laws that move markets 
in your favor.
    It does not require blind trust. That means your conflicts 
of interest stay in front and center while you claim to be 
ethically responsible.
    The so-called restrictions? A joke. You can still trade 
commodities, nonsecurity futures, and private company equity, 
the very trades that make you millions while you legislate.
    You can invest in funds concentrated in your own districts 
or State profiting from the laws that you pass as a Member of 
Congress. Spouses and dependent children can trade on your 
behalf of anyone. Simply stated, if you cannot directly profit, 
your family can do it for you.
    The loopholes in this bill are designed by insiders for 
insiders. Enforcement, zero, nonexistent. You break the rules, 
you pay a small fee. The Ethics Committee, by the way, can 
decide whether they can be lenient with you. That is not 
enforcement. That is a pathetic suggestion disguised as 
accountability.
    Let me say this plainly: This bill is a political scam. It 
is Republicans pretending to care about corruption while 
creating wealth for themselves. It mocks the will of the very 
people who we are supposed to serve.
    As one of my constituents put it: Congresswoman, fool me 
once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me.
    My amendment would eliminate this reinvestment loophole, 
prohibiting Members from reinvesting dividends.
    Mr. Chairman, I am deeply discouraged that this Committee 
has refused to consider a solid bipartisan bill that everyone 
can support, and I ask all of my colleagues to support my 
reasonable amendment closing a key loophole to stock trading.
    I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    I will recognize myself for 5 minutes to strike the last 
word.
    A lot was brought up here. I want to cover it maybe in 
sequential order to the best of my ability.
    One, the underlying amendment offered by my colleague from 
California actually really raises a good question that those of 
us that wrote this bill debated.
    Should an individual who has an investment in a company 
that provides a dividend to the owners be treated differently 
than an individual where that company is either doing stock 
buybacks--which some of my Democratic colleagues often do not 
care for--should be treated differently than a company that 
goes out and uses their cash profits to acquire additional 
companies?
    Then the question became, is there a potential of a benefit 
of insider trading from a reinvestment of dividends? The answer 
here is the reinvestment of dividends does not set up a concern 
of insider trading.
    If you have a concern of an individual owning stock--and I 
know some of my colleagues do not want any ownership of any 
private assets--but if you have an investment, can you 
manipulate that to the benefit of an individual with insider 
information?
    Because those dividends are structured by the company with 
advanced notice outside of the control of any given Member, it 
does not carry the risk of insider trading. Because it does not 
carry the risk of insider trading, what we allowed for was the 
reinvestment of dividends.
    Again, the focus here, to prevent Members from being able 
to profit off of insider information. The focus of the bill is 
not to make elected officials poor. The focus is to prevent 
them from benefiting off their insider information.
    We structured this with great care to make sure that 
Members would not be disincentivized for investments that were 
made prior to coming to Congress. Again, there is no ability to 
acquire stock under the underlying text once they arrive.
    Should they be penalized for an investment that was made 
prior to arrival in Congress based on the capital structure of 
the company in which they invested in?
    Should they be penalized in a way where they do not control 
the decision of that corporation to make a dividend payment 
versus a stock buyback versus utilizing the cash in another 
mechanism?
    This is very thoughtfully tailored to prevent the benefit 
of any inside information from being used. It is under that 
reason that I would encourage my colleagues to vote no on this 
amendment, again, with the goal of taking the underlying text 
and making sure that we can pass it and allow it to become law.
    My colleague from California then went more broadly and 
spoke generally on the underlying text, and I want to go back 
and look at a few of those comments because I think it is 
relevant.
    She used the terms ``scam'' and ``mocks.'' Watch this 
carefully.
    The underlying bill provides additional restrictions on 
Members of Congress. It does not provide any protections. I 
would offer my colleagues on the other side of the aisle to 
point to any line in the underlying text of this legislation 
that provides an additional protection.
    What their concern is, is on the underlying law. They may 
have not liked the 2012 STOCK Act. Of course, we could look, 
when the Democrats were in charge of the House of 
Representatives under the leadership of the previous Speaker, 
of course, we could go quickly look at every bill they brought 
before this Committee when they chaired it. We could look at 
every bill they brought before the House floor to fix it. Hmm. 
Crickets.
    What we have before us is the most transformational change. 
The arguments that I offered at the beginning, the Goldilocks 
argument, the ice cream sundae argument, perfection being the 
enemy of the good, tying this up, distracting, misleading, we 
continue to hear those arguments in the amendments before us.
    The underlying amendment offered by--the amendment offered 
by my colleague from California actually brings up a good 
point. I addressed that at the top. I think I come down on the 
other side of it.
    The arguments on the underlying bill, the Stop Insider 
Trading Act, are meant to distract from the point that it is us 
in the majority--in a bipartisan way, we have Democratic 
support for this bill--that are actually working to prevent 
Members from profiting off of insider information.
    I think the terminology used by my colleague, ``scams'' and 
``mocks,'' is actually incredibly disingenuous to the 
underlying work and what the underlying text of this bill does.
    With that, I would encourage my colleagues to vote no on 
the amendment from my colleague from California.
    I yield back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment offered by the 
gentlewoman from California?
    The gentleman from New York is recognized to strike the 
last word.
    Mr. Morelle. Yes, I move to strike the last word.
    Just to be clear, it is not--I think there are a number of 
different levels that we are concerned about.
    One is certainly information that people have who sit in 
Congress, who sit at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, who sit on the 
Supreme Court, and the information they may have or a sense of 
policy which will affect stock prices.
    It is also the question of whether or not people who come 
to Congress are self-dealing, whether or not they are using 
their positions to make additional money for themselves. 
Reinvestment of dividends is buying additional stock.
    Now, you may argue it is not new stock, but, frankly, if 
you own Nvidia or you own another stock that is doing well, and 
you know it is doing well because you sit here in the House, 
the ability to buy is a decision you make affirmatively. It is 
not something that happens by default. You are making a 
decision to continue to buy and continue to reinvest in that 
company.
    I think that is what Mrs. Torres is pointing out, that this 
is a significant--not the only significant--loophole.
    We believe--I think there is a big contrast--we believe 
that Members should not own individual stocks. There are 
investment vehicles, there are mutual funds, there are other 
baskets that are broad--broadly represent the markets that we 
would support, and I do not think we are interested in Members 
of Congress being poor.
    It is that if we want to and we seek to build the trust and 
regain the trust in the American people, they need to feel that 
when we come here, all of us, both sides of the aisle, that we 
are not self-dealing, that our only interest is them.
    I, frankly, feel in this moment that that is not what they 
feel, that they feel, no matter how good you are when you come 
here, no matter how fresh-faced and enthusiastic you are, you 
come here, it is a different world, and you ultimately start 
dealing for your own interests.
    It is not a question of whether you can reinvest, not 
reinvest, hold, sell at some point in the future. It is to take 
it off the table for the American public so they no longer have 
to wonder: Are they doing that for themselves, or are they 
doing that for us? I think that is the substantial difference 
between the two approaches.
    With that, I support the amendment, and I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further debate? Is there further debate?
    Seeing none, does the gentlewoman from Florida insist on 
her point of order.
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my point of order.
    Chairman Steil. Point of order is withdrawn.
    The question now occurs on the amendment from the 
gentlewoman from California, Mrs. Torres.
    All those in favor, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, nay?
    In the opinion of the Chair, the nays have it.
    Mr. Morelle. I would request a recorded vote.
    Chairman Steil. A recorded vote of the yeas and nays has 
been requested.
    All those in favor of a recorded vote, please raise your 
hand. A sufficient number having raised their hand, a vote is 
ordered.
    The clerk will please call the roll.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil?
    Chairman Steil. No.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil votes no.
    Ms. Lee?
    Ms. Lee. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes no.
    Mr. Loudermilk?
    Mr. Loudermilk. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Loudermilk votes no.
    Mr. Griffith?
    Mr. Griffith. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Griffith votes no.
    Dr. Murphy?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice?
    Mrs. Bice. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice votes no.
    Mr. Carey?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller?
    Mrs. Miller. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller votes no.
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Morelle votes aye.
    Ms. Sewell?
    Ms. Sewell. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Sewell votes aye.
    Mrs. Torres?
    Mrs. Torres. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres votes aye.
    Ms. Johnson?
    Ms. Johnson. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Johnson votes aye.
    Chairman Steil. Have all Members voted? Does any Member 
wish to change their vote?
    The clerk will report the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, for this vote there are four ayes 
and six noes.
    Chairman Steil. The amendment is not adopted.
    Is there further amendment or debate on the underlying 
bill?
    Ms. Sewell has an amendment at the desk.
    Ms. Sewell. Yes.
    Chairman Steil. We will pause while the amendment is 
distributed.
    The clerk will report the amendment.
    The Clerk. Page 2, after line----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the amendment is 
considered as read.
    [The amendment of Ms. Sewell follows:]
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.043
    
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida reserves a 
point of order.
    The gentlewoman, Ms. Sewell, is recognized on her 
amendment.
    Ms. Sewell. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    My amendment would add the President and the Vice President 
to the list of covered individuals in this bill.
    We all know that the President and the Vice President have 
access to sensitive financial information. However, these 
offices of public trust are missing entirely from this bill.
    The President has an unprecedented ability to influence the 
United States economy and the world economy, which we have 
witnessed as President Trump's tariff war has tanked financial 
markets.
    In fact, last April, I led a letter as the Ways and Means 
Oversight Subcommittee Ranking Member demanding accountability 
for President Trump's announcement and quick reversal of the 
reciprocal tariffs which created massive shifts in the U.S. 
market and raised widespread concerns of market manipulation.
    Not surprisingly, the Trump administration failed to 
respond to the letter.
    Additionally, the President can currently trade on inside 
information, and this bill does nothing to stop that. President 
Trump has purchased several corporate bonds seeking to 
influence market decisions.
    According to reports, President Trump purchased up to $1 
million in Warner Bros. bonds all while attempting to secure 
Government approval for a Paramount-Warner Bros. merger. This 
merger, if successful, would increase the value of the bonds 
owned by the President and represents a pattern of blatant 
corruption.
    When the President or Vice President intervenes in markets 
for personal gain, as we have seen time and time again with 
this administration, it not only hurts businesses, but drives 
up costs and puts jobs at risk in working communities like 
those I represent.
    My constituents see the results of this corruption every 
day with increased costs to their food, housing, and healthcare 
happening simultaneously.
    Every person that holds a Federal elected office in the 
United States must be accountable to those that they represent.
    Enough is enough. The time has long come for Congress to 
address the violations of the public trust by the executive, 
the President and the Vice President, not just Members of 
Congress. Failure to include the President and Vice President 
in this legislation will fail to implement reforms that 
Americans overwhelmingly support.
    I strongly urge my colleagues to support this amendment to 
end Presidential insider trading.
    With that, Mr. Chairman, I ask for unanimous consent to 
enter my letter to President Trump about his tariff war and 
market manipulation for the record.
    Chairman Steil. Without objection.
    [The letter follows:]
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Ms. Sewell. With that, I yield back the balance of my time.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    Mrs. Miller. Mr. Chairman, I would like to speak to----
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Illinois is recognized 
to strike the last word.
    Mrs. Miller. Attempts by the minority to derail this 
bipartisan bill are disappointing. House Democrats had 
countless opportunities to ban Members from stock trading but 
failed to do so as their former Speaker made millions from her 
position in Congress.
    Speaking to this amendment, many farmers rely on 
commodities trading for long-term risk management and 
protecting the future of America's food supply, which Democrat 
Members should know. Farmers must be able to sell their crops 
at a moment's notice, and applying restrictions meant for Wall 
Street to farming is shortsighted and unworkable.
    I urge my colleagues to oppose the minority's attempts to 
insert this poison pill. I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    I recognize----
    Mr. Morelle. I am sorry.
    Chairman Steil. I recognize the gentleman from New York to 
strike the last word.
    Mr. Morelle. Yes. I strike the last word and will again 
implore you to get better microphones.
    I simply say this, that it seems inconceivable to me that 
we would consider anything in the space of congressional 
Members of Congress and spouses and dependent children for the 
purposes of making certain that they cannot enrich themselves 
because of their position and not include the President of the 
United States.
    This administration talked about draining the swamp. This 
administration has added a second story on the swamp, has built 
a parking garage, and I think an 18-hole luxury golf course. I 
mean, the swamp has become so large. Using now the 
administration's opportunities to make money has become a daily 
occurrence. This is the greatest threat, in my mind, to 
American democracy.
    Not agreeing to this amendment, I think, suggests a real 
lack of understanding of where the American people are around 
the whole question of inside information.
    I want to point out again what Ms. Sewell said and I said 
in my opening comments: The President within the last couple of 
months, not before he was President, purchased up to a million 
dollars in Warner Bros. bonds.
    Warner Bros. is now, as people know, it is in the news, the 
subject of significant merger talks, a deal with Netflix. A 
counteroffer has been attempted to be made, which has been 
rejected, by Paramount, owned by the President's friend, Larry 
Ellison and his son.
    His son-in-law, Jared Kushner, has even gone to the private 
equity market to try to get capital to enrich the offer made by 
Paramount, which drives the value of Warner Bros. even higher.
    Ultimately, this deal, the merger deal, has to go in front 
of the FCC, which is--I mean, the President has made no secret 
of the fact that he intends his appointees to do what he says 
they should do. There is no autonomy in the agencies. There is 
no autonomy in the different regulatory agencies that are part 
of the Federal Government. Even those that are independent, 
like the Fed, the President is trying to put his thumb on.
    Not including the President, not agreeing to this 
amendment, I think it belies the whole issue here, which is to 
protect people, particularly to protect the President from the 
kind of activity he is engaged in.
    I would strongly urge support of the amendment. I would ask 
all of my colleagues to demonstrate what I think the American 
people desperately want, which is a clue that the people, 
particularly at the highest levels of this Government with the 
most influence, the most ability to affect outcomes, that we 
include them in the bill before the Committee.
    With that, I would yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    I recognize myself to strike the last word.
    I encourage my colleagues to vote no.
    I do think it is a worthy conversation. We heard earlier 
about the judiciary, about the executive. I remind them, the 
executive is bound by the STOCK Act, as well as other current 
Federal law.
    I think there is an opportunity to think more broadly about 
how we think about not only congressional staff members, 
executive staff members, judiciary members, and, again, we work 
to balance all of that between preventing people from abusing 
their position of power, but also making sure we have avenues 
for people from an array of backgrounds to be able to come and 
serve this country, whether or not as a staff member, a judge, 
a Member of Congress, or the President of the United States.
    Because I think this will ultimately attempt to derail the 
underlying bill, I discourage my colleagues, and I will be 
voting no.
    I yield back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    Does the gentlewoman from Florida insist on her point of 
order?
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my point of order.
    Chairman Steil. Point of order is withdrawn.
    The question now occurs on the amendment from Ms. Sewell.
    All those in favor of the amendment, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, signify by saying nay.
    In the opinion of the Chair, the nays have it, the nays 
have it, and the amendment is not adopted.
    Mr. Morelle. I would request a recorded vote.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman from New York requests a 
recorded vote.
    All those in favor of a recorded vote, please raise your 
hand. A sufficient number having raised their hand, a recorded 
vote is ordered.
    The clerk will please call the roll.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil?
    Chairman Steil. No.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil votes no.
    Ms. Lee?
    Ms. Lee. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes no.
    Mr. Loudermilk?
    Mr. Loudermilk. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Loudermilk votes no.
    Mr. Griffith?
    Mr. Griffith. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Griffith votes no.
    Dr. Murphy?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice?
    Mrs. Bice. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice votes no.
    Mr. Carey?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller?
    Mrs. Miller. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller votes no.
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Morelle votes aye.
    Ms. Sewell?
    Ms. Sewell. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Sewell votes aye.
    Mrs. Torres?
    Mrs. Torres. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres votes aye.
    Ms. Johnson?
    Ms. Johnson. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Johnson votes aye.
    Chairman Steil. Have all Members voted? Does any Member 
wish to change their vote?
    Seeing none, the clerk will please report the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, for this vote there are four ayes 
and six noes.
    Chairman Steil. The amendment is not adopted.
    Is there further amendment or debate on the underlying 
text?
    Mr. Morelle. Mr. Chairman, I have an amendment at the desk.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman from New York seeks 
recognition, has an amendment at the desk. We will pause while 
the amendment is distributed.
    The clerk will report the amendment.
    The Clerk. Page 2, beginning on line 1----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the amendment is 
considered as read.
    [The amendment of Ranking Member Morelle follows:]
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.057
    
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.058
    
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida.
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida reserves a 
point of order.
    The gentleman from New York is recognized on his amendment.
    Mr. Morelle. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    I offer this amendment to fix a fundamental failure of the 
bill before the Committee, which is it does not, in fact, ban 
congressional stock trading. In fact, under the terms of the 
bill, Members may still trade private stocks, they may still 
trade commodity derivatives, they may trade digital assets. The 
list goes on and on of things that they might continue to 
invest in where knowledge of the industry would benefit them as 
they make those determinations.
    The so-called Stop Insider Trading Act actually allows 
Members of Congress to continue profiting from their insider 
knowledge by trading stocks in privately held companies like 
SpaceX and OpenAI.
    Under this bill, Members of Congress can continue profiting 
from their ability to affect the prices of commodities of all 
kinds, like oil, natural gas, and food grown by American 
farmers.
    You have to wonder at the timing, so soon after the 
President opened up Venezuelan oil fields to his corporate 
cronies and oil futures now soaring, just days after the 
President tried to destroy the independence of the Fed, a 
foundational piece of the Western economy and the economy of 
the United States.
    In response, precious metals futures skyrocketed. It is not 
just a coincidence.
    Speaker Johnson wants to allow Members to profit off their 
positions and off the chaos created by the Trump 
administration.
    My amendment would include private company stock, 
commodities and futures, and the covered instruments that 
Members cannot trade in while in office to limit the insider 
trading that this bill would permit.
    I do note, I think--if I might--I think the gentlelady from 
Illinois during the last debate was referring to this. Just 
want to make the point about commodity trading for small family 
farms, that there is a section in a provision in the amendment 
to protect those individuals so they can continue to work their 
family farms.
    I did want to make mention of that because she raised a 
point which we are sensitive to.
    With that, Mr. Chair, I urge anyone who truly wants to 
restore trust in Congress to join me now in supporting this 
amendment. I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment.
    I recognize myself to strike the last word.
    Appreciate my colleagues. We dialogued this a little bit, I 
think, in our previous hearing in particular as it would relate 
to farms.
    We definitely--kind of talking more broadly earlier, I 
think one of the intentions of the underlying bill, my 
legislation, is to make sure that individuals from a wide array 
of backgrounds are able to come and serve in Congress. I think 
that is one of the strengths of this institution.
    I appreciate my colleagues' attempt to carve out family 
farms. This is obviously the first introduction I have seen of 
the carve-out from my colleague.
    In my initial reading, I do not know that it is clear that 
it would carve out farms that are held at a corporate level, 
which a large number of--although family farms ultimately sit 
in a legal structure other than a sole proprietor. An 
individual farmer in Wisconsin, for example, may own that land 
in an LLC or a partnership. It could be a corporation, a C-
Corp, depending on what State you live in. That might not be 
the case in Iowa. I think they blocked that. I am not on the Ag 
Committee.
    My concern is how this would prevent, in particular our 
farmers, from being able to access commodity markets in the 
ordinary course of their business. I am envisioning a soybean 
farmer or a corn farmer in, say, Wisconsin. They need to buy 
fertilizer, they need to buy seed. They are going on and buying 
those futures to make sure that they are not subject to the 
whims of pricing on any given day. That is really big in 
particular, I know, for a lot of my family farms in Wisconsin, 
regardless of the technical ownership structure, what I am 
calling a family farm, that they need to be able to balance 
that risk so that they can sell their soybeans at the best 
price, that they can be able to sell their corn at the best 
price, that they are not subject to the price that the market 
may have on the day the truck pulls up to take that soybean or 
corn away from the market. That is, for me, a real and 
substantive concern.
    We also are seeing ourselves at the beginning of an era of 
digital assets. Obviously, some are front and center in the 
newspaper. People are familiar with a handful of them. In the 
broader digital asset space we are seeing a lot of digital 
assets come online.
    The House passed the Clarity Act in the Financial Services 
Committee, which, as it says, provides clarity as to how we 
treat digital assets from a securities to a commodity, the role 
of the SEC and the CFTC in this regard. We passed that out of 
the House with overwhelming bipartisan support. I believe we 
had 78 Democrats joining the Republican Conference in passing 
that legislation. The Senate is working their way through the 
Clarity Act right now.
    If you are like me and believe that digital assets will be 
a larger and larger part of the broader American economy, it is 
essential that we get this right, that we are not restricting 
people's ability to operate.
    It would kind of be like we went back in time and we 
restricted Members of Congress from using credit cards because 
we deemed it an inappropriate loan. That might have made sense 
back in the day when credit cards were first coming online. Now 
it would be pretty tough to operate in I think most of our 
lives if we did not have access to credit cards.
    I think we will personally, we will see a similar evolution 
in the digital asset space in utilizing those, whether or not 
that is a stablecoin function and you are operating and 
purchasing things utilizing stablecoin or you are utilizing 
different digital assets throughout your daily life. I think 
there are a lot of questions with how we would get this text 
right.
    Again, I am going to go back all the way to my opening 
comments. I am not opposed to dialoguing this and looking at 
ways that we could further strengthen our rules and regulations 
here. I do think that this distracts us from the underlying 
bill and the opportunity to make real and substantive progress 
on restricting Members from being able to profit off of insider 
information.
    I understand the intention in which the amendment is 
offered. I do not think that it is ready for prime time in 
particular as I referenced digital assets and farming, but I 
think it is also an attempt to distract the underlying bill 
that we are--the underlying text that we are working on to 
prevent it from either passing this Committee or passing the 
floor.
    We have seen time and again a big dusty shelf of bills that 
have been introduced and not passed. I think the underlying 
bill we have before us has an opportunity to pass, and I think 
this would distract or hinder its ability to do that.
    With that, I will encourage my colleagues to vote no on the 
amendment from my colleague from New York.
    Is there further--I yield back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    Seeing none, does the gentlewoman from Florida----
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my point of order.
    Chairman Steil. Point of order is withdrawn.
    If there is no further amendment, the question now occurs 
on the amendment from the gentleman from New York.
    All those in favor of the amendment, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, nay.
    The opinion of the Chair is the nays have it. The nays have 
it, and the amendment is not adopted.
    Mr. Morelle. May I ask for a roll call.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman seeks recognition and 
requests a recorded vote.
    All those in favor of a recorded vote, raise your hand.
    A sufficient number having raised their hand, a recorded 
vote is ordered. The clerk will please call the roll.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil.
    Chairman Steil. No.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil votes no.
    Ms. Lee?
    Ms. Lee. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes no.
    Mr. Loudermilk?
    Mr. Loudermilk. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Loudermilk votes no.
    Mr. Griffith?
    Mr. Griffith. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Griffith votes no.
    Dr. Murphy?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice.
    Mrs. Bice. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice says no.
    Mr. Carey?
    Mr. Carey. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Carey votes no.
    Mrs. Miller?
    Mrs. Miller. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller votes no.
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Morelle votes aye.
    Ms. Sewell?
    Ms. Sewell. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Sewell votes aye.
    Mrs. Torres?
    Mrs. Torres. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres votes aye.
    Ms. Johnson?
    Ms. Johnson. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Johnson votes aye.
    Chairman Steil. Have all Members voted? Does any Member 
wish to change their vote.
    The clerk will please report the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, for this vote there are four ayes 
and seven noes.
    Chairman Steil. The amendment is not adopted.
    Is there further amendment or debate?
    Ms. Johnson. Mr. Chairman, I have an amendment at the desk.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Texas has an amendment 
at the desk. We will pause while the amendment is distributed.
    The clerk will report the amendment.
    The Clerk. Page 4, beginning on line 5----
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the amendment is 
considered as read.
    [The amendment of Ms. Johnson follows:]
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.059
    
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.060
    
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman----
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida reserves a 
point of order.
    The gentlewoman from Texas is recognized on her amendment.
    Ms. Johnson. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I appreciate the Committee holding this markup today, but 
instead of choosing a bipartisan bill with real comprehensive 
reform or legislation that includes the executive branch and 
the courts, they are choosing to mark up a brand new bill that 
we have just received text for. There is already a pending bill 
that addresses this issue.
    For example, in H.R. 5106, just the very first sentence, it 
prohibits Members of Congress and their spouses from owning or 
trading stocks. Whereas, the sentence of this one just says it 
merely restricts Members of Congress. There is a vast 
difference between restriction and prohibition.
    H.R. 7008, this Chairman's new bill, states, to amend 
chapter 131 of title 5 requires certain restrictions, whereas 
this other bill is an outright prohibition.
    The Chairman's new bill is not a stock trading ban. It is a 
restriction ban. It is a restriction on stocks purchasing with 
a requirement to report stock sales, which Members already 
abide by.
    The bill also completely ignores the issue of divestment, 
that Members should be required to sell their current holdings, 
something I have done personally in my own portfolio. I chose 
to divest, not because the law required it, but because earning 
a trust of my constituents demands it.
    Public service means more than compliance with the bare 
minimum. Every one of us has a responsibility to set the 
standard for this institution. When you choose to serve the 
public, you must ensure that your personal financial holdings 
never conflict with the public good. That is how trust is 
built. That is how confidence is restored.
    That is why we are here today. Full divestment is the only 
way to truly eliminate conflicts of interest, and that is why I 
took that step myself.
    Before coming to Congress, I was a small business owner and 
a lawyer, and I was fortunate to find success in that work. The 
moment I took the office on the House floor, I was no longer 
serving myself; I was serving the hundreds of thousands of 
north Texans that I have the honor to represent.
    That responsibility is not an opportunity to profit. It is 
a sacrifice, and it is a sacrifice that we must hold the 
highest possible standard. If we as Members of Congress of the 
United States are unwilling to make that sacrifice, we have no 
right to ask the American people for their trust.
    My amendment requires full divestiture, instead of a 7-day 
notice of a sale of stock. If Republicans were serious about 
restoring the public trust, if they were serious about rooting 
out corruption and listening to the American people, they would 
vote for my amendment and bring the bipartisan Restore Trust in 
Congress Act or the Restore Trust in Government Act led by the 
Ranking Member of this Committee to the House for a vote.
    Bills that actually ban Members of Congress and their 
spouses and dependents from owning or trading individual 
stocks, that is what is required, that is what eliminates 
corruption in this body, and that is what needs to happen in 
this bill. I encourage my colleagues to support the adoption of 
my amendment.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. Is there further debate on the amendment.
    Does any other Member seek recognition?
    I recognize myself to strike the last word.
    I appreciate the intention in which my colleague from Texas 
brings forward this amendment. I too, when I came to Congress, 
I actually--the only trades I have done since I arrived in 
Congress was to sell my underlying stocks that touched the 
financial services space because I served on the Financial 
Services Committee. I thought that was the right thing for me 
to do.
    One of the things that occurred to me is then I paid a 
capital gains tax on that. Under the amendment offered by our 
colleague from Texas, that would obviously continue to apply. 
It would have applied to me, as it did. I made that choice.
    For some people, that may be a very significant financial 
impact. If the amendment from my colleague from Texas was 
adopted, I think there may be a real concern that some 
individuals would choose not to come to Congress. Again, not 
because they did not run. Because they had a successful private 
sector career. Maybe they are later in their career and they 
had saved up for retirement and they had chosen to do that 
through corporate stock. That is actually a reasonably common 
technique a lot of Americans do to save for their retirement. 
Maybe they have a self-directed IRA or a Roth IRA if they are 
tax advantage kind of people.
    Maybe they invested in a company that they like. You know, 
I love eating Chipotle. I ultimately did not buy Chipotle 
stock, for the record, because, as I said, I have not bought 
any stock, but, boy, I eat a lot of Chipotle. I also am known 
to eat at some other fast food restaurants.
    Maybe you like flying on a specific airline. A lot of 
people buy stocks in a whole host of companies. Maybe that is 
how they were saving for retirement and then they thought, boy, 
you know, I got some good ideas, I would like to get to 
Washington and clean it up. Maybe they are on your side of the 
aisle and they got liberal ideas. Maybe they are on my side of 
the aisle and they got conservative ideas. That would be fine. 
They thought, boy, I do not know that I can go because of the 
amendment offered by my colleague from Texas because they take 
this massive tax hit. It is one of the concerns that I would 
have about this bill.
    The other would be, what if you--we had our hearing, one of 
our colleagues referenced that they own a small community pool, 
and that colleague was talking about that and said, look, that 
Member--if I summarized it to the best of my ability would be, 
look, the Member owns the pool because it is really a community 
service, not because they are trying to make any money off the 
pool. Just loves swimming. There was actually a swimmer in the 
room, if you recall this. Then if you force that divestiture, 
what is going to happen to the pool? Probably paved over and 
become a parking lot. I do not know the community well enough, 
but it sounds like----
    Mr. Morelle. Condos.
    Chairman Steil. Condos. The gentleman informs me it would 
become condos, because it probably would be more valuable as 
condos because it sounds like the pool does not make any money, 
which is actually kind of sort of a pro-community kind of 
thing.
    There are a lot of people, I think, actually that have 
investments like that. Some people own restaurants in small 
towns, not to make money, but because they want to kind of help 
the community, have places where people can come and gather, 
gather at a pool in Virginia.
    If adopted, this may force, in some smaller companies, 
obviously not the largest companies, but smaller companies to 
have real negative impacts in our communities.
    Again, the goal of the underlying text is not to try to 
make Members poor, not to try to restrict people from coming to 
Congress, is to try to prevent them from being able to profit 
off of insider information.
    The underlying text does that and accomplishes that. It 
provides additional restrictions to make sure that Members are 
not profiting off of insider information that they gain while 
they are in Congress.
    If we go all the way back to the top, when I opened, I said 
to everybody watching and everybody in the room, pay attention 
for amendments and suggestions that are part of the Goldilocks 
Rule, which is famous in this town to try to kill a bill. It is 
not quite good enough. That porridge is just a little too hot. 
The porridge is just a little too cold. Got to make this tweak 
to make it mine. Then, of course, somebody else, the porridge 
is too hot and the porridge is too cold, and it prevents us 
from reaching a resolution.
    In fact, I think that is in large part why we did not see 
resolutions made while the Democrats controlled the House. The 
Democrats had an opportunity to bring forward legislation and 
chose not to. Under the previous Speaker, any movement in this 
regard was thwarted. Under Speaker Johnson, our work on this 
Committee has been encouraged. What a sea change that has been. 
An opportunity to make dramatic and substantive reforms in the 
U.S. House of Representatives is before us.
    I encourage my colleagues to not be distracted by 
goldilocks legislation and amendments that are being offered. I 
think there is real and substantive concerns with the amendment 
offered as well, and, therefore, I will be voting no, and would 
encourage my colleagues to vote no as well.
    I yield back.
    Is there further debate--is there further debate on the 
amendment?
    Ms. Johnson. May I speak?
    Chairman Steil. You already spoke, but if somebody would 
like to be recognized and yield time, I will do that. I will 
help--the gentleman from New York is recognized.
    Mr. Morelle. Thank you, Mr. Chair. I would yield my time to 
the distinguished gentlelady from Texas.
    Ms. Johnson. Thank you, Ranking Member Morelle.
    You know, Mr. Chairman, I would just like to respond. You 
know, I think that the point--the problem is, with the 
arguments that you just made, is that the bill, as offered, has 
no porridge in the bowl. I mean, you could say that there is 
porridge too hot, porridge too cold, but there is no porridge 
in the bowl based on this bill because it does not do anything. 
It does not have any real teeth. There is not a meal to be had 
here to pick about.
    The reality of it is, when--and I am certainly sympathetic 
to that small restaurant and that small community pool, but 
they are not--the likelihood of those entities being subject to 
publicly traded stocks--I do not think Mel's Diner on the 
corner of wherever is a publicly traded restaurant such that it 
is being sold on the Nasdaq.
    I think what we are talking about here is divestiture of 
stockholdings that are publicly traded to restore the public 
trust in this body and in our institutions of Government.
    The reality of it is we are at a level of corruption in 
Government--the lowest public trust that people have in this 
body, in the executive branch, in the judicial branch, with 
Supreme Court Thomas' blatant corruption, with the corruption 
that is coming out of the White House, with the corruption that 
is coming all over, we must act and have something that has 
real teeth, that has real meat on the bone. What we are trying 
to do is improve it.
    You know, I cannot believe it. I am supporting Chip Roy's 
bill. I am a Democrat from Texas and, you know, I am supporting 
Chip Roy's bill, one of the most conservative Members from my 
State, because I agree with his efforts to try to clamp down on 
the brazen corruption that is happening in this body.
    You know, I just think that at some point we have to step 
up. I hear from people all the time: They cannot trust 
Congress. Like you, I incurred huge capital gains tax on the 
divestiture of my assets to be--because I think it is the right 
thing to do. I think we as Members of Congress need to remove 
the propriety, the appearance of impropriety. We have an 
obligation to do that. We are at a higher standard by virtue of 
our desire to seek this office. That is why we are here.
    I would really strongly encourage you to consider some of 
these amendments, in particular this one. I do think that it is 
incumbent upon this body to--we have a real opportunity as this 
Committee to do something really strong and powerful on this 
issue, and I would just like to encourage us to do that.
    With that, I yield back.
    Mr. Morelle. I yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    Seeing no further amendment, does the gentlewoman from 
Florida----
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my point of order.
    Chairman Steil. Point of order is withdrawn.
    The question now occurs on the amendment from Ms. Johnson 
from Texas.
    All those in favor, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, nay.
    The opinion of the Chair is the nays have it. The nays have 
it, and the amendment is not adopted.
    Mr. Morelle. Ask for a recorded vote.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman seeks recognition and is--for 
a recorded vote. A recorded vote has been requested.
    All those in favor of a recorded vote, please raise your 
hand.
    A sufficient number having raised their hand, a recorded 
vote is ordered. The clerk will please call the roll.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil.
    Chairman Steil. No.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil votes no.
    Ms. Lee?
    Ms. Lee. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes no.
    Mr. Loudermilk?
    Mr. Loudermilk. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Loudermilk votes no.
    Mr. Griffith?
    Mr. Griffith. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Griffith votes no.
    Dr. Murphy?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice.
    Mrs. Bice. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice says no.
    Mr. Carey?
    Mr. Carey. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Carey votes no.
    Mrs. Miller?
    Mrs. Miller. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller votes no.
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Morelle votes aye.
    Ms. Sewell?
    Ms. Sewell. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Sewell votes aye.
    Mrs. Torres?
    Mrs. Torres. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres votes aye.
    Ms. Johnson?
    Ms. Johnson. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Johnson votes aye.
    Chairman Steil. Have all Members voted? Does any Member 
wish to change their vote.
    The clerk will please report the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, for this vote there are four ayes 
and seven noes.
    Chairman Steil. The amendment is not adopted.
    Is there further amendment or debate?
    The gentleman from New York is recognized.
    Mr. Morelle. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I have an amendment 
at the desk.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman from New York has an 
amendment at the desk. We will pause while the amendment is 
distributed.
    The clerk will report the amendment.
    The Clerk. Page 5, beginning on line 20, strike ``is--''--
--
    Chairman Steil. Without objection, the amendment is 
considered read.
    [The amendment of Ranking Member Morelle follows:]
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T2598.061
    
    Chairman Steil. The gentle----
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida reserves a 
point of order.
    The gentleman from New York is recognized on his amendment.
    Mr. Morelle. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    I think this represents the final amendment from our side, 
and I offer it to close what I consider a massive loophole in 
the bill, a provision that allows the spouse or dependent of 
Members to freely trade stocks on behalf of any other 
noncovered individuals.
    Specifically on page 6 of the bill makes clear that the 
requirements, quote, shall not apply to a spouse or dependent 
child of a Member of Congress with respect to a transaction in 
a covered investment which is on behalf or for the benefit of 
any person other than a covered individual.
    As I said in my opening remarks, I would call this a 
grandma loophole, because a Member's spouse could buy and sell 
stocks on behalf of a Member's parent or grandparent who are 
not under the still covered individuals. They could all do this 
while the Member stands to inherent a grandparents' or parents' 
estate.
    I think many of us deal with elderly parents, and the 
ability to have our spouse purchase unlimited amounts of stock 
to put in the name of a grandparent who may be ailing in which 
we benefit or stand to benefit in the near future as a result 
of being someone who inherits resource in the estate. Clearly, 
this amendment would be a workaround to allow trading--or this 
provision, in my view, is a workaround to allow trading on a 
Member's behalf to continue as further evidence the bill is not 
a ban at all.
    I would at least, in an effort to make this what I consider 
poorly designed and poorly considered bill somewhat better, I 
would urge the adoption of this amendment and ask my colleagues 
to join me in closing this blatant loophole.
    With that, I will yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment? Is there further 
debate on the amendment?
    I recognize myself for 5 minutes to strike the last word.
    Appreciate the intention of my colleague on this amendment, 
and would be happy to work with my colleague if further 
restrictions or refinement is needed.
    Let me jump out and read the occupational exception, 
section D, under the bill that was previously offered as the 
gentleman's ANS, and where actually this stemmed from. This 
actually stemmed from a lot of work by Members on both sides of 
the aisle.
    Under the alternative legislation that has been introduced, 
subsection D, occupational exception, would--reads as follows: 
A spouse or dependent child, or a Member of Congress, may trade 
any covered investment if such covered investment is not owned 
by a covered individual, and if such trade is performed as a 
function of the primary occupation of the spouse or dependent 
child.
    Let us step back and kind of think what the authors of that 
legislation, I think some of which Members in this room may be 
cosponsors of that bill, intended. In my conversations with 
those that drafted that, the intent was to say, OK, what if 
your spouse sells life insurance. They work for a life 
insurance company and it is a great job. They are not involved 
in day trade, there is not inside information, that is just 
literally what they do for a living. What if they work for a 
publicly traded company. Your spouse is in accounts payable at 
a big public company.
    What do we do? We do not want to tell people their spouse 
cannot be employed in their career of choice. Obviously, if 
there is a massive conflict, that is a separate ball game. We 
are talking somebody that is selling life insurance, maybe they 
work on Wall Street in some capacity, but not trading on their 
own account, right. They are just working for a large bank or 
they are working for another company. How do we address that?
    The authors of the previous legislation, which was 
previously offered, I believe, by my colleague earlier, that 
subsection D created an occupational exception, and, again, a 
spouse or dependent child, or a Member of Congress, may trade--
their language, not yours, but offered by others--may trade 
covered investment if such covered investment is not owned by a 
covered individual--meaning the Member, the Member spouse, or 
their dependent children--and if such trade is performed as a 
function of the primary occupation of the spouse or dependent 
child.
    We then worked to look and say, how do we make sure we get 
this right, again, making sure that there is a reasonable 
occupational exception, and in dialog with the original 
authors, believing that this language that we introduced in our 
text not only met the goal but also the intent.
    There has been some feedback on this both by Members of 
Congress not on this Committee, as well as the comments just 
made by my colleague. I would offer to my colleague, if he is 
interested in withdrawing the amendment, I would be happy to 
work with him to finesse this language because I think we all 
agree we do not want a loophole where somebody is, you know, 
wink wink, nod nod, trying to make a trade around the intent of 
the bill, but also making sure that a spouse who--you know, I 
am just using the generic idea that somebody is selling life 
insurance because that is a real occupation for a lot of 
people, a great occupation, that they are able to continue 
selling life insurance. I do not think we are trying to ban 
people from engaging in their professions who are not 
benefiting off of insider information or trading nefariously 
for their own benefit.
    If the gentleman is interested in withdrawing the 
amendment, I would be interested in working with him to finesse 
this language, knowing that there is similar language, not 
word-for-word verbatim, but darn similar in the bill that he 
has. I do not know if that is something the gentleman is 
interested in.
    Mr. Morelle. Well, actually, I would be happy to have you 
adopt the amendment, and then we could work on finessing the 
language. I would suggest that as an alternative. Otherwise, I 
would like a vote on the amendment.
    Chairman Steil. I appreciate that.
    Because the amendment offered strikes the full section, I 
am going to encourage a no vote on this. Between now and when 
this comes to the floor, we have had a good, strong working 
relationship. I think in many ways we have similar goals here. 
We are approaching that goal in a different manner, but I would 
be happy to work with my colleague.
    Again, this text is in many ways built on the occupational 
exception, which has the same concern, I think, as I read it, 
as I read the occupational exception, in the bill offered as 
the ANS, has the same concern that the gentleman is now 
bringing up on our bill. If that is a real concern, happy to 
work, because I think the broader intent of both these bills 
are similar.
    Between now and when this bill comes to the floor, happy to 
work with you, or any other Member of Congress who has 
thoughtful and substantive comments in this regard. I think it 
is structured and covered, but if it is not, I am happy to make 
additional adjustments and finesse. We are not looking for 
anybody to find a way around, but we are making sure, again, 
the broader intent--I apologize, I am going to go just a couple 
seconds late, but then we will wrap--the broader intent here is 
that individuals from an array of backgrounds, both Members 
and, in this case most likely their spouse, who may have 
different types of jobs, from being a farmer, to somebody that 
works for a publicly traded company, to being somebody that is 
doing this in their profession but not for their own benefit, 
that those individuals that are out there, that are able to 
come to Washington, D.C., and share their best and brightest 
ideas in a nonpartisan way--it may be a liberal that has 
these--that wants to come that has this challenge, it could be 
a conservative that wants to come and has this challenge--I 
want to make sure that those individuals are in a position to 
still come to D.C., and then once here, let us make sure those 
individuals are not able to profit off of insider information.
    With that, those comments, I am going to recommend my 
colleagues vote no on the gentleman's amendment, but open to 
additional finesse, because I think both of the bills--if this 
is a real concern, I do not know that it is--but both of the 
bills have this language.
    With that, I will yield back.
    Is there further debate on the amendment?
    Ms. Lee. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my point of order.
    Chairman Steil. The gentlewoman from Florida withdraws her 
point of order.
    The question is now on the amendment from the gentleman 
from New York.
    All those in favor, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, nay.
    In the opinion of the Chair, the nays have it. The nays 
have it, the amendment is not adopted.
    The gentleman seeks recognition for a recorded vote. A 
recorded vote is requested.
    All those in favor of a recorded vote have already arisen 
their hands, so a recorded vote is ordered. The clerk will 
please call the roll.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil.
    Chairman Steil. No.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil votes no.
    Ms. Lee?
    Ms. Lee. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes no.
    Mr. Loudermilk?
    Mr. Loudermilk. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Loudermilk votes no.
    Mr. Griffith?
    Mr. Griffith. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Griffith votes no.
    Dr. Murphy?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice.
    Mrs. Bice. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice says no.
    Mr. Carey?
    Mr. Carey. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Carey votes no.
    Mrs. Miller?
    Mrs. Miller. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller votes no.
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Morelle votes aye.
    Ms. Sewell?
    Ms. Sewell. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Sewell votes aye.
    Mrs. Torres?
    Mrs. Torres. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres votes aye.
    Ms. Johnson?
    Ms. Johnson. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Johnson votes aye.
    Chairman Steil. Have all Members voted? Does any Member 
wish to change their vote.
    The clerk will please report the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, for this vote there are four ayes 
and seven noes.
    Chairman Steil. The amendment is not adopted.
    Is there further amendment or debate?
    Does Mr. Carey look to strike the last word?
    Mr. Carey. I do, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman is recognized.
    Mr. Carey. Americans tell that there is something rotten in 
the state of American Government. Our constituents have lost 
faith in us. Recent polling indicates that public opinion of 
Congress stands at a dismal 16 percent approval. This loss of 
trust resulted in no small part from Members of Congress 
getting rich and beating the stock market, while our 
constituents face record-high inflation, low growth under the 
previous administration.
    We have access to nonpublic information and ripe 
regulations on entire industries that can provide an unfair 
advantage in trading public stock that in any other industry 
would be a flashing red warning light. It is easy to understand 
why so many Americans believe that we have an easy way to 
manipulate the system for our own personal profit while they 
work hard and follow the rules.
    We must hold ourselves to the highest standard as 
representatives of the greatest country in the world. This bill 
is a common-sense fix. It promotes good governance, increases 
transparency, and restores trust in Congress. I look forward to 
voting for this bill, and it is my hope that all my colleagues 
who share these concerns will join us.
    Mr. Chairman, with that, I do yield back.
    Chairman Steil. The gentleman yields back.
    Is there further amendment or debate?
    There being no further amendment or debate, the question 
now occurs on the Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute.
    All those in favor, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, no.
    In the opinion of the Chair, the ayes have it. The ayes 
have it, and the amendment is adopted.
    The question now occurs on ordering H.R. 7008, as amended, 
reported favorably to the House.
    All those in favor, signify by saying aye.
    All those opposed, no.
    In the opinion of the Chair, the ayes have it. The ayes 
have it, and the motion is agreed to.
    Ms. Johnson. I request a recorded vote.
    Chairman Steil. A roll call vote is requested, and the 
clerk will please call the roll.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil.
    Chairman Steil. Aye.
    The Clerk. Chairman Steil votes aye.
    Ms. Lee?
    Ms. Lee. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes aye.
    Mr. Loudermilk?
    Mr. Loudermilk. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Loudermilk votes aye.
    Mr. Griffith?
    Mr. Griffith. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Griffith votes aye.
    Dr. Murphy?
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice.
    Mrs. Bice. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Bice says aye.
    Mr. Carey?
    Mr. Carey. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Carey votes aye.
    Mrs. Miller?
    Mrs. Miller. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Miller votes aye.
    Mr. Morelle?
    Mr. Morelle. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Morelle votes no.
    Ms. Sewell?
    Ms. Sewell. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Sewell votes no.
    Mrs. Torres?
    Mrs. Torres. No.
    The Clerk. Mrs. Torres votes no.
    Ms. Johnson?
    Ms. Johnson. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Johnson votes no.
    Chairman Steil. Have all Members voted? Does any Member 
wish to change their vote.
    The clerk will please report the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, for this vote there are seven ayes 
and four noes.
    Chairman Steil. The amendment is--H.R. 7008, as amended, is 
adopted.
    A majority having voted in favor of H.R. 7008, as amended, 
the bill is ordered favorably reported to the House.
    Without objection, the motion to reconsider is laid on the 
table.
    This concludes the order of business for today's markup.
    Without objection, pursuant to House rule XI, clause 2(l), 
Committee Members can file with the clerk of the Committee 
supplemental, additional, minority and dissenting views on each 
of the items marked up today.
    Also without objection, the staff is authorized to make 
necessary technical and conforming changes.
    If there is no further business, I want to thank the 
Members for their participation.
    Without objection, the Committee on House Administration 
stands adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 11:46 a.m., the Committee was adjourned.]
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