[House Hearing, 119 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]






                                 ______



 
                  CATCH AND RELEASE, LOSE AND FORGET:


                        ADDRESSING THE CRISIS OF


                  UNACCOMPANIED ALIEN CHILDREN_PART I

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               before the

                SUBCOMMITTEE ON FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT

                                 of the

              COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM

                     U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

                               __________

                             JULY 23, 2025

                               __________

                           Serial No. 119-42

                               __________

Printed for the use of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform


    Available on: govinfo.gov, oversight.house.gov or docs.house.gov
              COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM

                    JAMES COMER, Kentucky, Chairman

Jim Jordan, Ohio                     Robert Garcia, California, Ranking 
Mike Turner, Ohio                        Minority Member
Paul Gosar, Arizona                  Eleanor Holmes Norton, District of 
Virginia Foxx, North Carolina            Columbia
Glenn Grothman, Wisconsin            Stephen F. Lynch, Massachusetts
Michael Cloud, Texas                 Raja Krishnamoorthi, Illinois
Gary Palmer, Alabama                 Ro Khanna, California
Clay Higgins, Louisiana              Kweisi Mfume, Maryland
Pete Sessions, Texas                 Shontel Brown, Ohio
Andy Biggs, Arizona                  Melanie Stansbury, New Mexico
Nancy Mace, South Carolina           Maxwell Frost, Florida
Pat Fallon, Texas                    Summer Lee, Pennsylvania
Byron Donalds, Florida               Greg Casar, Texas
Scott Perry, Pennsylvania            Jasmine Crockett, Texas
William Timmons, South Carolina      Emily Randall, Washington
Tim Burchett, Tennessee              Suhas Subramanyam, Virginia
Marjorie Taylor Greene, Georgia      Yassamin Ansari, Arizona
Lauren Boebert, Colorado             Wesley Bell, Missouri
Anna Paulina Luna, Florida           Lateefah Simon, California
Nick Langworthy, New York            Dave Min, California
Eric Burlison, Missouri              Ayanna Pressley, Massachusetts
Eli Crane, Arizona                   Rashida Tlaib, Michigan
Brian Jack, Georgia                  Vacancy
John McGuire, Virginia
Brandon Gill, Texas

                                 ------                                

                       Mark Marin, Staff Director
                   James Rust, Deputy Staff Director
                     Mitch Benzine, General Counsel
                     Alan Brubaker, Senior Advisor
                          Alex Rankin, Counsel
      Mallory Cogar, Deputy Director of Operations and Chief Clerk

                      Contact Number: 202-225-5074

                Robert Edmonson, Minority Staff Director
                      Contact Number: 202-225-5051
                                 ------                                

                Subcommittee on Federal Law Enforcement

                   Clay Higgins, Louisiana, Chairman

Paul Gosar, Arizona                  Summer Lee, Pennsylvania, Ranking 
Andy Biggs, Arizona                      Member
Nancy Mace, South Carolina           Wesley Bell, Missouri
Scott Perry, Pennsylvania            Lateefah Simon, California
Lauren Boebert, Colorado             Ayanna Pressley, Massachussetts
Brian Jack, Georgia                  Vacancy
                         C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                              ----------                              

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

                                                                   Page

Hon. Clay Higgins, U.S. Representative, Chairman.................     1

Hon. Summer Lee, U.S. Representative, Ranking Member.............     2

                               WITNESSES

The Honorable Joseph Cuffari, Inspector General, U.S. Department 
  of Homeland Security
Oral Statement...................................................     5

Written opening statements and bios are available on the U.S. 
  House of Representatives Document Repository at: 
  docs.house.gov.

                           INDEX OF DOCUMENTS

  * Article, POGO ``A Watchdog's War on Oversight''; submitted by 
  Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``DHS Watchdog Failed to Sound Alarm For 
  Months''; submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``DHS Watchdog Nixed Alert to Congress About 
  Purged January 6 Texts''; submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``DHS Watchdog Regularly Purges Texts''; 
  submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``DHS Watchdog Settles Whistleblower Reprisal 
  Case''; submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``Did Whistleblower Reprisal Help Set the 
  Stage''; submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``Pulling Punches--Trump-Appointed Watchdog 
  Suppressed WH Related Probes''; submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``Watchdog Repeatedly Misled Congress Federal 
  Probe Finds''; submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, POGO ``Whistleblower Reprisal Feared in Key Parts of 
  DHS Watchdog''; submitted by Rep. Bell.

  * Article, NYT ``Alone and Exploited, Migrant Children Work 
  Brutal Jobs Across U.S.''; submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * Article, Breitbart ``Former Obama ICE Director, Homan's Right 
  that Keeping ICE Out of Jails Means More Arrests''; submitted 
  by Rep. Biggs.

  * Article, Daily Signal ``ICE Finds 10 Unaccompanied Migrant 
  Children at Marijuana Grow Sites''; submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * Article, WUFT ``ICE Officers Granted Access to Unaccompanied 
  Minors Database''; submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * Article, Daily Caller ``Tom Homan Details Search for 300k 
  Kids Biden Admin Lost''; submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * Article, NYT ``U.S. Was Warned of Migrant Child Labor''; 
  submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * Article, Daily Signal ``What We Know About Unaccompanied 
  Children Arriving at Southern Border''; submitted by Rep. 
  Biggs.

  * Email Confirming Cuffari is Not Subject of Investigation - 
  CIGIE; submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * Email from IG Horowitz to Cuffari on Retirement; submitted by 
  Rep. Biggs.

  * Letter, October 24, 2022, from Rep. Biggs to HHS; submitted 
  by Rep. Biggs.

  * Letter, December 6, 2019, from House and Senate 
  Congratulating Cuffari on Confirmation; submitted by Rep. 
  Biggs.

  * Letter, February 24, 2022, from HHS to Rep. Biggs; submitted 
  by Rep. Biggs.

  * Letter, March 3, 2021, to HHS; submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * Letter, May 31, 2013, from IG Horowitz to Cuffari; submitted 
  by Rep. Biggs.

  * Letter, July 15, 2022, to DHS and HHS; submitted by Rep. 
  Biggs.

  * Letter, September 10, 2021, from Rep. Biggs to HHS; submitted 
  by Rep. Biggs.

  * Notification of Personnel Action, Cuffari; submitted by Rep. 
  Biggs.

  * Performance Report, Cuffari; submitted by Rep. Biggs.

  * FLE Epstein Mentions; submitted by Rep. Garcia.

  * 8 U.S. Code 1101(a)(3); submitted by Rep. Higgins.

  * Report, Bureau of Justice Statistics, ``Parents in Prison and 
  Their Minor Children''; submitted by Rep. Higgins.

  * ``Restoring Integrity and Efficiency to the Inspector General 
  Oversight Act of 2025''; submitted by Rep. Higgins.

  * Article Boston Globe ``Families Separated due to ICE 
  Detentions in Massachusetts''; submitted by Rep. Pressley.

  * Article Georgetown Law Library ``Raiding the Genome''; 
  submitted by Rep. Pressley.

  * CIGIE ``Report on IG's Misconduct''; submitted by Rep. Simon.

The documents listed above are available at: docs.house.gov.


                  CATCH AND RELEASE, LOSE AND FORGET:



                        ADDRESSING THE CRISIS OF



                  UNACCOMPANIED ALIEN CHILDREN--PART I

                              ----------                              


                        WEDNESDAY, JULY 23, 2025

                     U.S. House of Representatives

              Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

                Subcommittee on Federal Law Enforcement

                                                   Washington, D.C.

    The Subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 2:01 p.m., 
Room 2247, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Clay Higgins, 
[Chairman of the Subcommittee] presiding.
    Present: Representatives Higgins, Biggs, Mace, Perry, Jack, 
Lee, Garcia, Bell, Simon, and Pressley.
    Mr. Higgins. The Committee on Oversight and Government 
Reform Subcommittee on Federal Law Enforcement has convened. We 
welcome our witness today, Mr. Joe Cuffari.

OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN CLAY HIGGINS REPRESENTATIVE FROM 
                           LOUISIANA

    Mr. Higgins. Today, the Subcommittee convenes to hear the 
Inspector General of the Department of Homeland Security 
regarding his office's alarming report detailing the 
Department's and the Department of Health and Human Services 
failures to properly track, process, and safeguard nearly 
448,000 unaccompanied alien children who entered the United 
States illegally over the last four years. The Biden 
Administration's open border policies led to severe 
ramifications in which unaccompanied alien children were 
destined to be trafficked and exploited.
    President Trump has taken decisive action to close our 
southern border, virtually eliminating the flood of illegal 
immigrants entering our country. The executive has taken 
action, and now it is up to us, the sitting Members of 
Congress, to conduct essential oversight and codify security of 
our border that cannot be exploited by future administrations.
    Yet, the ramifications of the past four years continue to 
unfold with lasting consequences and impact on hundreds of 
thousands of young lives. The failures of the previous 
Administration led to unaccompanied children who have been lost 
in the system, the system that was established to protect them 
and to protect the citizens of our country.
    I have been meeting with Inspector General Cuffari for 
years, and I have always been incensed at the failures and the 
prior Administration's attitude toward ignoring the 
responsibility to track and properly process tender age illegal 
unaccompanied minors. We are talking about children of God that 
have been waived into our country for 14 years and younger and 
improperly processed into virtually unvetted sponsors destined 
to be trafficked into some horror.
    The findings of the report we are going to discuss today 
are a double-edged sword. While some vulnerable children have 
likely been trafficked, exploited, and subjected to forced 
labor, the report also found that older teens had been in some 
cases convicted of crimes in their country of origin and were 
gang members.
    While the hardworking men and women of U.S. Immigration and 
Customs Enforcement (ICE) may want to do their best, the sheer 
volume of cases enabled the prior Administration's open border 
policies to simply overwhelm the system. The Inspector 
General's report states that, as of September 2024, ICE has 
just over 1,000 staff to monitor over 7.5 million non-detained 
cases. It is literally impossible for ICE, with a 1,000 member 
staff, to personally interact with these millions of tender age 
illegal unaccompanied minors. The Inspector General shared with 
my staff that almost 300,000 kids have unserved notices to 
appear for their court date. Of that number, 58,000 are aged 
twelve and under. I say again for Americans listening, 300,000 
kids have failed to appear for court, 58,000 are twelve and 
under. We have no idea in many cases where those kids are. We 
are going to talk about that today with IG Cuffari.
    I am glad that ICE under the Trump Administration has 
accepted all of the IG's recommendations contained in their 
report. Inspector General Cuffari is an honorable man, and I 
know him personally to be incredibly focused on identifying, 
locating, and rescuing these children. I look forward to his 
testimony as we continue to examine this issue to ensure these 
children are properly identified, cared for, and protected.
    I recognize my colleague, Ms. Lee, the Ranking Member, for 
5 minutes or the time she may consume for her opening 
statement.

 OPENING STATEMENT OF RANKING MEMBER SUMMER LEE REPRESENTATIVE 
                       FROM PENNSYLVANIA

    Ms. Lee. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    Over the last six months, President Trump, Kristi Noem, and 
Stephen Miller have unleashed a brutal, reckless, and lawless 
regime that targets innocent members of our communities, 
parents dropping off their kids at the school or attending 
church, legal immigrants who have been welcome in this country 
for decades, international students, and even children who are 
U.S. citizens. They are behaving without humanity, justice, or 
decency.
    Children are increasingly the target of President Trump's 
anti-immigrant crusades. The Department of Homeland Security 
(DHS) has failed to be transparent and publish any data since 
January. But looking at the court cases has shown that children 
have been increasingly and disproportionately marked for 
deportation by Donald Trump. Over 53,000 children have been 
ordered for deportation since the start of this Administration. 
These are mostly elementary school kids or younger. How often 
the court cases end in deportations has also climbed under 
Trump, especially for kids. Over 75 percent of children eleven 
or younger are now being ordered for deportation as a result of 
their immigration court proceedings. Are these little kids the 
dangerous criminals Trump vowed to go after?
    President Trump is also kidnapping and illegally removing 
U.S. citizens, including multiple children with cancer. We are 
talking about unprecedented actions without due process against 
U.S. citizens. The Trump Administration removed one 10-year-old 
girl, a U.S. citizen, who was recovering from brain cancer with 
her parents, even though she needed medical care. Another 4-
year-old boy was illegally removed, also a U.S. citizen, with a 
rare form of cancer. The judge in that case said the Trump 
Administration had ``just deported a U.S. citizen with no 
meaningful process.''
    Over 500 immigrant children have been removed from their 
families and homes and thrown into government custody. Let us 
call this what it is. Just like his first time as President, 
Donald Trump and Stephen Miller are separating kids from their 
parents. It is unconscionable.
    And as the Trump Administration detains more human beings, 
detention facilities are becoming even more overcrowded and 
dangerous. The conditions that children and innocent people are 
being held have been called unsanitary and inhumane. The 
government has some bare minimum standards in place for 
children in government custody, but Trump has attempted to roll 
those protections back or simply violated them, all while 
denying Members of Congress their lawful ability to conduct 
oversight at these facilities.
    Republicans are complicit in this. And increasingly, 
children are being held in ICE facilities like Alligator 
Alcatraz or newly reopened family detention centers like the 
one in Dilley, Texas. This Administration is using every 
resource at its disposal to target innocent people for 
kidnapping and disappearance. And we call it that because a 
deportation implies that you have gone through some process, 
implies that you are following some standard that is set in 
U.S. law, particularly due process.
    We know that this Administration is even using data 
collected to identify sponsors for unaccompanied children to 
target those same sponsors, often the parents or other family 
members for deportation, putting the very people who are able 
to help these kids who are in danger.
    These are unspeakable injustices that demand oversight, and 
we have a witness here today who bears the responsibility of 
conducting such oversight. Mr. Cuffari is the Inspector General 
who is supposed to be rooting out misconduct at the Department 
of Homeland Security. Instead, he is working with Republicans 
to twist the facts so people ignore the cages and the kids with 
cancer and other despicable actions.
    He himself is guilty of committing serious misconduct 
against the American people. This included spending taxpayer 
money, retaliating against whistleblowers who called him out 
for delaying a report about Donald Trump actually losing 
children--this was when Trump's first Administration separated 
immigrant kids from their parents and then failed to keep track 
of them. As many as 1,360 of those kids were never reunited 
with their parents. Inspector General Cuffari has made clear 
that he is interested in protecting Donald Trump, not lost 
children, and that he has no problem lying to Congress to 
further his goals. On this issue he has absolutely zero 
credibility.
    So, when the Trump Administration creates a culture of 
terror in which children are afraid to go to school or children 
are afraid to speak to authorities for fear that they or 
someone they love will be snatched and deported, children 
suffer. These policies leave children at greater risk of 
trafficking and exploitation.
    I expect my Republican colleagues to care about this 
because their constituents certainly care about child sex 
trafficking, whether it is through the immigration system like 
this hearing alleges or by a U.S. citizen facilitating other 
powerful U.S. citizens. It is time for them to prove it. Right 
now, Speaker Johnson is helping Donald Trump block the release 
of all the files relating to child sex trafficker Jeffrey 
Epstein.
    If you want to take a stand against child trafficking, let 
us do it together. When powerful people exploit children, they 
must be held accountable for their actions. And if they try to 
mislead the public and hide evidence, we cannot let them get 
away with it. So, we cannot allow individuals, especially those 
at the highest level of our government, to protect child sex 
traffickers.
    So, today, that is why I will be offering a motion to 
subpoena the Department of Justice to release the Epstein 
files. Numerous members of this Committee and this Subcommittee 
have called for answers and transparency, so let us do 
something about it. Rep. Biggs has said, ``We want to get to 
the bottom of it.'' Rep. Mace has stated, ``I believe we need 
answers on Epstein. If 1,000 kids were trafficked, how is there 
only one accomplice?'' Rep. Perry has written to Pam Bondi on 
Epstein saying, ``The American people deserve answers and 
justice, particularly in matters involving grave allegations of 
criminality and misconduct by influential figures.'' Rep. 
Boebert said, ``We deserve the truth about the Epstein files.''
    Yesterday, our Government Operations Subcommittee approved 
the motion directing Chairman Comer to subpoena Ghislaine 
Maxwell to appear for a deposition before this Committee. But 
Ms. Maxwell is currently serving a 20-year Federal prison 
sentence for her role in sex-trafficking children with Jeffrey 
Epstein. She could have a motivation to protect powerful people 
to get a lighter sentence. We need the actual Epstein files to 
get the full truth. So, I hope my Republican colleagues will 
join me in supporting a motion to subpoena the Department of 
Justice to release the Epstein files.
    With that, pursuant to clause 2(k)(6) of House Rule XI, I 
move that the Subcommittee issue a subpoena to the Department 
of Justice for the full, complete, unredacted Epstein files to 
be delivered concurrently to the Majority and Minority of the 
Subcommittee on Federal Law Enforcement of the Committee of the 
Oversight and Government Reform.
    Mr. Higgins. The Ranking Member has introduced a motion. 
The Committee will hold this motion in abeyance until the end 
of today's hearing.
    The Committee will now proceed with today's hearing.
    I thank the honorable Joe Cuffari for joining us today. Let 
me introduce him.
    Before I introduce Mr. Cuffari, for the record, without 
objection, Representative Crane of Arizona is waived onto the 
Subcommittee for the purpose of questioning the witnesses at 
today's Subcommittee hearing. Without objection.
    Introducing our witness today, Joseph V. Cuffari was 
confirmed by the U.S. Senate as the Department of Homeland 
Security Inspector General on July 25, 2019. Dr. Cuffari 
previously served as a policy advisor for military and veterans 
affairs for Governor Doug Ducey of Arizona and previously for 
Governor Jan Brewer. He served more than 40 years in the United 
States Air Force on active duty in the Reserves and in the 
Arizona National Guard. He began his military service after 
graduating from high school and enlisted in the United States 
Air Force in 1977.
    He served in a variety of leadership positions with the Air 
Force Office of Special Investigations, as well as with the 
Department of Defense Office of Inspector General. He was a 
commander in the Air Force Office of Inspector Commanders with 
MacDill Air Force Base in Florida; England Air Force Base, 
Louisiana; Naples, Italy; and with North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization.
    In 1989, he received the AFOSI Outstanding Officer of the 
Year Award.
    He also served for more than 20 years in the Department of 
Justice in a multitude of roles dating back to 1993. In 2013, 
he retired from his position as Assistant Special Agent in 
Charge for the Office of the Inspector General in Tucson, 
Arizona. In other capacities, he has augmented the U.S. Senate 
and the House Intelligence Committee and the DOJ Office of 
Overseas Prosecutorial Development.
    Dr. Cuffari earned a Ph.D. in management in 2002, an MA in 
management in 1995, and a bachelor of science in business 
administration and management information systems in 1984. And 
today, he sits before us. I welcome Inspector General Cuffari 
to testify before us today.
    Pursuant to Committee Rule 9(g), the witness will please 
stand and raise his right hand.
    Do you solemnly swear or affirm that the testimony you are 
about to give is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but 
the truth, so help you God?
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. Let the record show that the witness answered 
in the affirmative.
    Thank you. You may take your seat, Inspector General 
Cuffari.
    I recognize the Inspector General for 5 minutes to 
summarize his opening statement.

         STATEMENT OF JOSEPH CUFFARI, INSPECTOR GENERAL

              U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

    Mr. Cuffari. Thank you, Chairman Higgins, Ranking Member 
Lee, and Ranking Member Garcia. Members of the Subcommittee, 
thank you for inviting me here today to discuss my office's 
recent audit report entitled ``ICE Cannot Effectively Monitor 
the Location and Status of All Unaccompanied Alien Children 
After Federal Custody.''
    DHS plays a critical role in administering and enforcing 
our national immigration laws. Among the most vulnerable 
populations DHS encounters are unaccompanied alien children 
referred to as UACs. A UAC is a person as to when they entered 
the country and were encountered by DHS they have no lawful 
immigration status in the United States. They have not attained 
18 years of age and has no parent or legal guardian in the 
country available to provide care and physical custody.
    Each year, thousands of UACs have entered the United States 
and are placed into Federal custody. The Federal Government has 
a responsibility not just for enforcing immigration laws, but 
for ensuring the safety and welfare of these at-risk children. 
While ICE's immigration enforcement priorities typically weigh 
the risk an alien poses to the public, but with UACs, the 
agency must also ensure a vulnerable child does not become the 
victim of trafficking or otherwise exploitation.
    Our audit revealed significant gaps in how ICE monitors and 
manages the cases of UACs once they are released from Federal 
custody. The lack of reliable location data, persistent delays 
in issuing notices to appear, and limited interagency 
cooperation has led to potentially tens of thousands of 
children effectively disappearing from DHS's oversight. This is 
not simply an administrative or paperwork shortcoming. It is a 
systemic breakdown that carries real risk to the children 
themselves, to the integrity of the immigration system, and to 
the public trust in our immigration system and law enforcement 
institutions.
    In 2023, my office initiated this audit after two key 
events. The first was a change in a 2021 memorandum of 
agreement between DHS and the Department of Health and Human 
Services. Specifically, the parties removed the requirement for 
HHS Office of Refugee Resettlement to provide ICE with 
biographic and biometric information and all potential sponsors 
and adult members of that household, which were then used for 
vetting. The second was significant media reporting involving 
UACs, which were potentially in dangerous conditions following 
their placement into a sponsor's care by HHS.
    Early into the audit, it became clear that the uncertainty 
surrounding the whereabouts of such a large number of UACs 
warranted a management alert to flag this matter for the 
Department of Homeland Security, as well as Congress, and we 
issued that in August 2024.
    In our final report, which was published in March of this 
year, my team found that between fiscal years 2019 and 2023, 
ICE did not effectively monitor the location and status of all 
UACs once released or transferred to HHS custody. In that time, 
ICE transferred more than 448,000 UACs to HHS, most of whom 
were released as sponsors. Of that population, ICE did not 
issue more than 233,000 notices to appear to the UACs to 
generate an assignment in their immigration court. Our auditors 
discovered that more than 31,000 releases' addresses of 
sponsors were blank, undeliverable, or missing apartment 
numbers. We also learned more than 43,000 UACs who were served 
with notices to appear, failed to actually appear for their 
scheduled court date.
    As I stated at the beginning of my testimony, ICE's posture 
for monitoring UACs was insufficient. The shortcomings leave 
children vulnerable to exploitation, trafficking, forced labor, 
or involvement in criminal activities. Without sustained data-
sharing coordination at the Federal level and staffing and 
overall policy guidance to DHS, they will not be able to 
guarantee that UACs are safeguarded from harm while in the 
United States. We made six recommendations to improve ICE's 
monitoring, all of which they accepted.
    In closing, thank you for the opportunity to testify. I 
look forward to answering your questions.
    Mr. Higgins. Thank you, Dr. Cuffari, for being here. I 
recognize myself for 5 minutes for questioning.
    Inspector General Cuffari, I would like to clarify for the 
record that you and I have been working together since 2019 
pretty closely, have we not?
    Mr. Cuffari. Yes, sir.
    Mr. Higgins. We have had many, many telephone 
conversations. And back during the horrible COVID era, we had 
virtual meetings, and we have had many personal meetings, have 
we not, good sir?
    Mr. Cuffari. Yes, sir.
    Mr. Higgins. All right. So, let me clarify for the American 
people watching that in all of my interactions with the Federal 
Government--I have had hundreds and hundreds of interactions 
with men and women that were embedded and serving within the 
executive branch. It is a very small handful of those 
individuals that I came to understand and know I could have 
absolute confidence in, and at the top of that list is Joe 
Cuffari. He was always accessible and honest and candid, yet 
careful to protect the integrity of his office because, through 
the years, I asked him some very challenging questions, and Joe 
Cuffari was squared away.
    He is here today, no doubt he is going to face some kind of 
fire, but I am telling America, and Americans can tell when a 
man is telling them the truth. Joe Cuffari is squared away, and 
he is an honest and dedicated man.
    So, when I ask you, Inspector General Cuffari, are you 
personally invested in helping the Federal Government identify, 
locate, and rescue these scores of thousands, hundreds of 
thousands of missing tender age children in our country?
    Mr. Cuffari. I am, both as an adult father, as well as a 
grandfather.
    Mr. Higgins. And will you share with the Committee what 
that progress looks like regarding, say, the 200,000 young 
teenagers that have been identified and how the 50,000 of those 
were chosen to go after? Will you explain that process to us?
    Mr. Cuffari. Chairman, from what we received in a briefing 
from ICE, they have formed a team of ICE agents, HSI, Homeland 
Security investigators, plus the----
    Mr. Higgins. Pardon me, but that team is under the Trump 
Administration?
    Mr. Cuffari. Yes, sir, it was formed----
    Mr. Higgins. Okay. Continue, please.
    Mr. Cuffari. It was formed in February of this year----
    Mr. Higgins. Thank you.
    Mr. Cuffari [continuing]. 2025, by Secretary Noem. She 
designated this unit to go out and identify, locate, and 
provide health and welfare checks on unaccompanied alien 
children who had been transferred from DHS custody to HHS. So, 
a necessary component of that was for ICE and HHS to work 
together, which we understand they are.
    They are also working with other Federal law enforcement 
agencies like the FBI and the U.S. Marshals Service to go out, 
and they are selecting a group of 200,000, round numbers, of 
unaccompanied alien children. They have gone to around 50,000 
homes.
    Mr. Higgins. And how has that subset--with 50,000 doors 
knocked on--identified and knocked on? How was that 50,000 
subset targeted out of the 200,000 initial selection?
    Mr. Cuffari. Those were identified by HHS as households 
where a sponsor had two or more unaccompanied alien children 
designated to that address.
    Mr. Higgins. So, listen to that, America. They identified 
easily 200,000 kids that were at risk, had disappeared into the 
system. Of those under the Trump Administration, they have 
identified 50,000. Why? Because the 50,000 had multiple--
sponsors had multiple kids coming to the same address. So, out 
of those 50,000, what happened, Joe?
    Mr. Cuffari. They were able to, from what we understand, 
they were able to identify and physically locate 12,000 
unaccompanied alien children.
    Mr. Higgins. And how many sponsors were arrested?
    Mr. Cuffari. The number that we were given is about 400.
    Mr. Higgins. About 400. You see where this is going, 
America?
    Mr. Cuffari, thank you for your testimony. Unfortunately, 
my time has expired, and I am happy to recognize the Ranking 
Member, Ms. Lee, for 5 minutes for questioning.
    Ms. Lee. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    An appreciation of the hearing that we are having today 
about such an important topic as child sexual-trafficking and 
sexual abuse,--I look forward to our colleagues joining us, of 
course, in releasing the Epstein files and putting their money 
where their mouth is.
    In the meantime, I want to say that children, especially 
unaccompanied ones entering this country alone and scared, 
deserve our utmost attention and oversight. In normal times, 
inspectors general act as the first line of defense, ensuring 
that agencies follow the law and act in the public interest. 
They are fiercely independent, or they should be fiercely 
independent. They serve no Democratic or Republican 
administration, and Presidents are careful not to interfere 
with their work.
    But these are not normal times. And the Trump 
Administration has now unlawfully fired or demoted 20 
inspectors general across the government. Oddly enough, though, 
I noticed that he left you in place. Inspector General Cuffari, 
that strikes me as a bit suspicious, given that this past 
October, the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and 
Efficiency released a 1,002-page report from its Integrity 
Committee on your repeated and well-documented misconduct. 
These are the inspectors of the inspectors general. Based on 
the findings of this report, which included recommending 
discipline up to and including your removal from office, I have 
a lot of questions about whether we can trust you to conduct 
independent oversight.
    Inspector General Cuffari, yes or no, do you agree that it 
is important for inspectors general to tell Congress the truth?
    Mr. Cuffari. Absolutely.
    Ms. Lee. Thank you. Yes or no, are you aware this report by 
the Council of Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency 
found you ``engaged in conduct undermining the independence of 
integrity reasonably expected of your position''?
    Mr. Cuffari. I understand that is what they wrote.
    Ms. Lee. So, yes. Thank you. Yes or no, are you aware this 
report found you expended nearly $1.4 million in taxpayers' 
funds to hire a private law firm to investigate three former 
senior members of your staff, most likely for your ``personal 
interest and in order to retaliate'' against them?
    Mr. Cuffari. Not for my personal interest, Ranking Member.
    Ms. Lee. Are you aware that they found that in their 
report?
    Mr. Cuffari. That is what they wrote.
    Ms. Lee. So, yes, you are. Thank you. Yes or no, are you 
aware this report found that the Federal Government had to 
spend an additional $1.17 million in taxpayer money to settle 
the resulting retaliation case? Yes or no?
    Mr. Cuffari. No.
    Ms. Lee. You are not aware. Well, I am happy to have made 
you aware. Thank you.
    Are you aware this report concluded that you ``abused your 
authority'' in the exercise of your official duties and engaged 
in ``a gross waste of taxpayer funds''? Yes or no?
    Mr. Cuffari. Just so I can clarify the issue, the question 
that you raised, that was an MSPB, Merit Systems Promotion 
Board, hearing that we made a settlement with a litigant.
    Ms. Lee. So, you are aware of the--you are going back to 
the $1.17 million in taxpayer dollars that you were indeed 
aware of?
    Mr. Cuffari. Correct.
    Ms. Lee. Thank you. Yes or no, are you aware that the 
Integrity Committee found three additional issues worth 
investigating, but they chose to move forward because they had 
enough evidence to recommend your removal?
    Mr. Cuffari. That is what they wrote.
    Ms. Lee. So, yes. The inspectors general oversight body has 
already determined that this man has repeatedly lied to 
Congress, but today, we are supposed to trust him as an 
independent, objective, and forthcoming witness. This is a fox 
guarding the hen house.
    Children, especially unaccompanied immigrant children, need 
our help. They need someone who can speak truth to power and 
look out for them. Unfortunately, Inspector General Cuffari is 
not that person, and we are left to wonder if there is any real 
oversight going on at the Department of Homeland Security.
    According to DHS employees--and they have rushed to round 
up as many people as possible--they have abandoned other 
critical duties like fighting drug-trafficking, human-
trafficking, and child exploitation. How is that good for 
children? How is that good for this country? In a time when 
mass ICE agents patrol the streets snatching up anyone they 
think looks like an undocumented immigrant, and when Americans' 
private data is being seized for unprecedented surveillance, we 
desperately need oversight. Instead, we have a corrupt and 
incompetent inspector general at DHS.
    I yield back.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentlelady yields.
    The gentleman is recognized. Mr. Biggs seeks recognition.
    Mr. Biggs. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I ask unanimous consent 
to enter the following documents into the record related to a 
smear campaign of Mr. Cuffari's character and career, which we 
just heard from the other side.
    I will say that I do trust Mr. Cuffari. I have read his 
report, and he is very interested in saving and protecting 
victims of human-trafficking.
    So, the first one, Mr. Chairman, is this: an email from the 
Council on Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency 
Assistant Counsel Bryce Harrison confirming that Mr. Cuffari is 
not under investigation by CIGIE.
    A letter from former Department of Justice Inspector 
General Michael Horowitz thanking Mr. Cuffari for his excellent 
service to the DOJ IG's office.
    An email from IG Horowitz again thanking Mr. Cuffari for 
his outstanding contributions to the DOJ IG office.
    A letter signed by the Chairmen and Ranking Members of the 
House and Senate Homeland Security Committees congratulating 
Mr. Cuffari on his unanimous confirmation and calling on him to 
take decisive action to turn around a dysfunctional and 
demoralized IG office.
    Number five, Mr. Cuffari's performance report praising him 
as an exemplary airman and noting his mentoring of future 
leaders and the inventor of smart approaches to a critical 
review of sexual assault.
    Number six, Mr. Cuffari's personnel action report 
confirming voluntary retirement from DOJ IG refuting reports of 
his firing.
    What I cannot enter into the record is any actions taken by 
the Biden Administration against Mr. Cuffari related to a CIGIE 
complaint because, despite receiving the report as his 
appointing official, President Biden declined to take any 
action against Mr. Cuffari, thus closing the matter without 
action.
    I would ask that those be admitted through unanimous 
consent, sir.
    Mr. Higgins. Without objection.
    Mr. Biggs. Thank you.
    Mr. Higgins. Mr. Perry, the gentleman is recognized for 5 
minutes for questioning.
    Mr. Perry. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Cuffari, thanks for being here. And I associate myself 
with the comments regarding your career with Representative 
Biggs and the Chairman himself. Thank you for what you do.
    The numbers in this subject are staggering, 448,000 UACs 
transferred to HHS of which 31,000 sponsors have sponsor 
addresses that are blank, undeliverable, missing. It is 31,000 
kids, at least, no clue where they are. We have reports of UACs 
being placed in sponsors in gang-controlled areas, run-down 
apartment complexes, dilapidated motels, 14,500 alone were 
released to unrelated sponsors, unrelated meaning they did not 
have family members. I mean, that is 14,500 souls.
    Secretary Mayorkas in 2021 issued a memorandum that 
deprioritized UAC cases, directing Federal officials to focus 
enforcement resources on other categories of removable aliens.
    Mr. Cuffari, the DHS Office of Inspector General 
investigators have statutory law enforcement authority, 
including the power to make arrests, execute warrants, and 
carry firearms. I just wonder at what point, if there is a 
point, did the Secretary's actions reach the level of child 
endangerment, child abandonment, child abuse? Did anybody in 
your office ever investigate or consider investigating 
Secretary Mayorkas for criminal activity in this regard?
    Mr. Cuffari. Not to my knowledge, Mr. Perry.
    Mr. Perry. What would it take? Is there anything that it 
would take? At what level--I mean, these are so-called 
policies, but the result of which--if you as a parent, as a 
guardian, took a child and abandoned it on the street--these 
are thousands in any case that were abandoned somewhere by 
policy. If you did that as an individual, you would likely be 
charged with child endangerment. And I know it is a tough call 
here because these are policies. Does the Office of Inspector 
General (OIG) have the authority to make that call?
    Mr. Cuffari. The OIG has the authority to do administrative 
as well as criminal investigations of departmental employees or 
contractors. The U.S. Attorney, the Department of Justice, 
would be the entity that would decide whether those actions 
were a criminal violation or prosecutable.
    Mr. Perry. Did you or anybody in your office ever consider 
a criminal referral in these cases? I know that the report, I 
think, came out in March 2025 regarding most of this, but 
obviously, the investigation was ongoing throughout the Biden 
Administration. Was there ever a consideration, a discussion 
whatsoever regarding the Secretary or those carrying out the 
policies that led to 448,000 unaccompanied minors that would be 
considered criminal activity relating to child endangerment?
    Mr. Cuffari. Not to our knowledge. Not to my knowledge, Mr. 
Perry.
    Mr. Perry. Looking back, I mean, is that something that 
should have been considered? Because it is policy, does that 
mean it is okay, or that it is something that can never be 
considered?
    Mr. Cuffari. If it is policy, the Department of Homeland 
Security IG's Office policy is not to look into policies or to 
charge individuals with violations of policies that are 
established by the Department.
    Mr. Perry. Well, I would say this. Look, we appreciate your 
service, and we know you were fighting for every child that was 
out there, but I think that these activities do rise to the 
level of at least consideration of criminal activity because 
the results lead--the actions of the policy led to the results 
of having these children, of which now many thousands are 
literally unfindable and likely in the hands of traffickers and 
have been since they have been here, those were policies that 
were orchestrated by design, by individuals, primarily the 
Secretary of Homeland Security, and gleaned these results. And 
there has been no accountability. And without criminal 
referrals, unfortunately, there is likely never to be 
appropriate accountability.
    With that, Mr. Chairman, for the time being, I yield.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentleman yields.
    Mr. Bell is recognized for 5 minutes for questioning.
    A correction, Ms. Simon is recognized for 5 minutes for 
questioning.
    Ms. Simon. Thank you so much, Mr. Chair.
    And I am glad we are having this conversation. For 
approximately 30 years, I have been working on behalf of young, 
trafficked children in the East Bay, and I cannot tell you how 
timely this conversation is for the millions of children, I do 
not care what administration. What they have had to suffer 
because, for folks, if you have worked with trafficked 
children, if you have seen the detention facilities that they 
are warehoused in in this country, both in the Federal and 
county level, you would be shocked. And so, I would actually 
invite Members of this Committee, of this Subcommittee, we 
should go see, we should hands-on the child detention 
facilities of the Federal Government are operating. They are 
heinous.
    So, I am happy to have this conversation, and I know, you 
know, for many reasons why I came to Congress, but one of them 
was to fight for the health and safety and the well-being of 
our families, our communities, and our children. I am clearly 
not alone in this fight.
    And when the Trump Administration abruptly terminated 
funding for legal services for unaccompanied children, yes, 
many of them trafficked, California's Attorney General, Rob 
Bonta, led 20 attorneys general in challenging that decision. 
President Trump is forcing toddlers--many have seen it--
toddlers, many of which who do not speak English, to represent 
themselves in immigration court. I want to thank Attorney 
General Rob Bonta for his leadership. California has a strong 
intent and interest in protecting the legal rights of 
unaccompanied children--children--over 10,800 children or 11 
percent of all unaccompanied minors were released to sponsors 
in the State of California, making it the highest after Texas. 
Cutting resources to ensure that migrant children have access 
to legal services is just one way that this Administration is 
actively punishing and hurting children in their relentless and 
inhumane immigration agenda that criminalizes and dehumanizes 
asylum seekers.
    In May 2025, the Trump Administration had filed a motion to 
completely terminate a nearly 30-year agreement which dictates 
the basic human rights of children, migrant children, 
trafficked children, in detention, terminated that agreement. 
The Flores agreement limits how long migrant children can be 
detained, and it also requires that government provide children 
with adequate food--seems like the floor, right--adequate food, 
adequate water, and other necessities like clean clothing and 
underwear. This Administration terminated that agreement.
    The Trump Administration is also working to end the 
requirement for those basic human rights of children who are 
seeking asylum. These children are whom some would consider the 
most vulnerable and at risk in our country. The Administration 
also wants to keep migrant children in custody--in custody. 
These children are shackled. These children are shackled. In 
custody longer, which only compounds the physical and mental 
health and long-term traumas and harms and will exacerbate 
their pre-existing conditions to the trauma of their detention 
by our government.
    These harms to both unaccompanied children and families in 
detention are not only heartbreaking, they are countless. ICE 
is detaining children with cancer and pregnant women--that is 
fact--without adequate medical care or due process. There are 
migrant detainees being held without access to natural light or 
recreation at Dilley Family Detention Center, which is a 
warehouse for people in the great State of Texas. There is a 
lack of clean water for children, and children are not eating. 
And the Department of Homeland Security revoked humanitarian 
parole for a 4-year-old baby girl receiving care for a life-
threatening condition.
    I can go on and on. I can go on and on, but the reality is 
that my community and communities across the Nation, we are not 
this cruel. I do not care how you pray or how you vote. These 
are facts. That is not hyperbole. Children of Abraham, we got 
to look at the facts. We are detaining, warehousing, and 
denying unaccompanied children who are seeking asylum, not only 
due process, but access to medical care, access to clean 
clothes, access to drinking water, access to attorneys.
    I will yield back.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentlelady yields.
    Mr. Biggs, the gentleman from Arizona, is recognized for 
questioning.
    Mr. Biggs. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    And so much of what I just heard is untrue, but what I 
would say too is, you know, when you cast aspersions about the 
Inspector General Cuffari, I wonder, did you read the report 
that he submitted for this? Did you read the report that we are 
discussing today?
    Mr. Cuffari. I did.
    Mr. Biggs. No, I know you did. I wonder about the people 
who are telling lies about you, whether they did. And then they 
say, we cannot believe a thing you said. Well, everything you 
said undermines what I think everybody on this committee should 
be worried about, and that is this horrible scourge of trying 
to find these kids who were brought in and let in. I get, you 
know, just absolutely mind-blown by people making these 
assertions.
    But have you been down to the border? I have been down to 
the border many times. I know you have, Mr. Cuffari.
    Ms. Simon. I have as well.
    Mr. Biggs. And have you brought people to the border? Have 
you interviewed people that are in detention? Have you 
interviewed children who come across without parents?
    This government, under Joe Biden--under Joe Biden--received 
hundreds of thousands of unaccompanied children. Is that fair 
to say, Mr. Cuffari?
    Mr. Cuffari. So, the number is around 448,000.
    Mr. Biggs. And of those, do we know where all those 448,000 
unaccompanied children are?
    Mr. Cuffari. As of the date of the report, we did not. Like 
I mentioned, ICE and HHS are now going out in tandem to go and 
identify where these children are located.
    Mr. Biggs. Are you familiar with the case in Orlando, 
Florida, where 22 children at one time or another were placed 
with a strip club?
    Mr. Cuffari. That is a new one.
    Mr. Biggs. Yes. Well, that happened. That happened. And you 
know what? That is not the only time that type of thing 
happened. Multiple children going to the same address, which 
turned out to be a vacant address. Is that right?
    Mr. Cuffari. That is correct. There was one instance where 
our audit team--and I have some of those senior members here 
with me today--went physically out to look at addresses. There 
was one address where 35 unaccompanied alien children were 
designated to be, and it was a non-existing address.
    Mr. Biggs. Were there records kept about the vetting of the 
sponsors to where these children were being placed under the 
Biden Administration?
    Mr. Cuffari. The change in the Memorandum of Understanding 
(MOU) between HHS and DHS in the summer of 2021 removed the 
requirement for DHS to do the vetting. That vetting then fell 
on HHS to do, but it was only for the adult sponsor, not for 
all the individuals in the home.
    Mr. Biggs. Are you referring to the Mayorkas 2021 memo that 
deprioritized unaccompanied children cases, labeling them non-
criminal?
    Mr. Cuffari. I think that he issued that memorandum in the 
fall of 2021. This is a change in an MOU that happened in the 
summer of 2021 that predated that.
    Mr. Biggs. Okay. So, Mr. Perry brought up offenses against 
children, and it does not take much to go to 18 USC section 
2251 and then also the aid-and-abet statutes to realize that 
the policies, when you are labeling what is happening, the 
unaccompanied children as non-criminal, if you have ever stood 
there and watched a 3-year-old and a 5-year-old come over in a 
group put together by a coyote with a 10-year-old not related 
to those two younger kids, bringing them across, you would have 
to say there is some criminal conduct there. There is 
absolutely abuse of children going on there. That is what was 
going on wildly, often, under the previous Administration.
    And I am sorry that you had to endure the BS that you have 
had to today. Your report is right, and I hope my colleagues 
read that report and tell me where any of it is untrue.
    And I will yield the balance, but I do have some UCs after 
you are done.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentleman yields the balance.
    I would just like to point out to my colleagues that at any 
given time in American prisons, there are 750,000 to 850,000 
incarcerated Americans that are parents of minor children. So, 
when my colleagues discuss our efforts to keep families 
together during the deportation process, that is important. The 
gentleman yields.
    Mr. Biggs. I have some UCs.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentleman has unanimous consent.
    Mr. Biggs. Thank you. This is a letter to Assistant 
Secretary Contreras from October 24, 2022. Another one, July 
15, 2022, to Secretary Mayorkas and Secretary Becerra, signed 
by many Members of Congress. Another to Secretary Becerra, 
dated September 10, 2021. Another one to Secretary Mayorkas, 
dated March 3, 2021. Another to ORR and the Administration for 
Children and Families, dated February 24, 2022, all asking 
questions about where these children were and the policies. 
Another is an article entitled, ``Tom Homan details search for 
300,000 kids the Biden administration lost.'' This is another 
one from July 14. ``ICE finds 10 unaccompanied migrant children 
at marijuana growth sites.'' Another one dated February 14 this 
year, ``ICE officers granted access to unaccompanied minors 
data base.'' Another one from the New York Times, stating, 
``Alone and exploited migrant children work brutal jobs across 
the U.S.'' dated February 25, 2023. Another one from April 17, 
2023, from the New York Times, ``U.S. was warned of migrant 
child labor but `didn't want to hear it.' ''. And another one 
from May 8, 2023, ``What we know about unaccompanied children 
arriving at the southern border.''
    Mr. Higgins. Without objection, so entered into the record.
    And the Chair recognizes Mr. Bell for 5 minutes for 
questions.
    Mr. Bell. Mr. Chair, before my time, I have some unanimous 
consents.
    Mr. Higgins. Yes, sir.
    Mr. Bell. With unanimous consent, I would like to enter the 
following articles regarding Inspector General Cuffari's 
conduct from the Project on Government Oversight into the 
record. One is dated October 3, 2024, ``DHS Watchdog Repeatedly 
Misled Congress.'' One is dated October 2, 2024, ``A Watchdog's 
War on Oversight.'' One is dated April 20, 2021, ``Pulling 
Punches: Trump-Appointed Watchdog Suppressed White House-
Related Probes.'' There is an article on July 1, 2021, ``The 
Whistleblower Reprisal Helps Set the Stage for a January 6 
Intelligence Failure.'' On July 21, 2022, an article entitled 
``DHS Watchdog Failed to Sound Alarm for Months on Secret 
Service's Purged January 6 Texts.'' On August 11, 2022, ``DHS 
Watchdog Nixed Alert to Congress about Purged January 6 Texts, 
New Docs Show.'' On March 8, 2023, ``Whistleblower Reprisal 
Feared in Key Parts of DHS Watchdog.'' On January 6, 2023, 
``DHS Watchdog Regularly Purges Texts on Government Phone 
Despite Ongoing Investigation.'' And last, on July 27, 2023, 
``DHS Watchdog Settles Whistleblower Reprisal Case for $1.17 
million.''
    Ms. Simon. Mr. Chairman, I would like to enter into 
unanimous consent.
    Mr. Higgins. For Mr. Bell, entered without objection.
    Ms. Simon is recognized.
    Ms. Simon. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    I ask for unanimous consent to enter into the record the 
Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency's 
1,000-page report on the Inspector General's misconduct.
    Mr. Higgins. Without objection.
    Mr. Garcia. Mr. Chair, unanimous consent, please.
    Mr. Higgins. Mr. Garcia is recognized.
    Mr. Garcia. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    I want to submit for unanimous consent--I just want to 
introduce this document into the record listing all the calls 
to release the Epstein files from Members of this Committee.
    Mr. Higgins. Would you mind repeating your request to 
enter, sir, the title of your entry?
    Mr. Garcia. The title is--this is a document into the 
record listing the Members of this Committee and their 
individual calls to release the Epstein files.
    Mr. Higgins. Sir, without objection.
    Mr. Bell is recognized for questioning.
    Mr. Bell. Thank you, Mr. Chair, Ranking Member, and our 
witness for being here today.
    Just for housekeeping, this report, which I did look at, 
was starting from a time period in 2019, correct?
    Mr. Cuffari. Fiscal year 2019 to 2023.
    Mr. Bell. And who was the President in 2019?
    Mr. Cuffari. 2019 was President Trump.
    Mr. Bell. And who appointed you, Mr. Cuffari?
    Mr. Cuffari. President Trump.
    Mr. Bell. Mr. Cuffari, can you tell me which populations 
are at the highest risk of being victims of human trafficking 
or sexual exploitation?
    Mr. Cuffari. Those who are not put--those who the Federal 
Government track.
    Mr. Bell. Let me chime in. The answers are youth, children. 
Individuals under the age of 18 are the highest risk. And of 
that population, of the most vulnerable, are unaccompanied, 
unmonitored children. And that vulnerability caused by 
instability and lack of support puts children at risk. And 
unaccompanied minors often arrive alone from dangerous 
conditions with no protection or guidance, which makes them 
easy targets for trafficking and exploitation.
    And Mr. Cuffari, do you know the most used tactic by human 
traffickers and predators to lure victims in?
    Mr. Cuffari. A promise of some better lifestyle.
    Mr. Bell. Coercion, lying, usually coming from a figure of 
authority, figures of authority who exploit those young people 
who may not know and prey on victims' fears. I am a former 
prosecutor and have extensive work in local government, and so 
I understand the roles that figures of power play in 
communities, figures like our law enforcement. And in many 
communities, ICE is much more prevalent with respect to law 
enforcement. And this role can shape an individual's actions 
and how they respond, particularly when they are scared or 
alone.
    And so, I got a couple quick questions for you. Are you 
familiar with reports in Philadelphia of a man posing as an ICE 
agent who robbed people and actually falsely imprisoned them? 
Are you aware of that?
    Mr. Cuffari. I am a native of Philadelphia. I am aware of 
that case.
    Mr. Bell. In Houston, are you aware of a man who was 
arrested after he robbed somebody while also impersonating an 
ICE agent?
    Mr. Cuffari. I do not know about that.
    Mr. Bell. And in Florida, a 23-year-old man was arrested 
and charged when police said that he claimed to be an ICE 
officer and threatened to deport two men after he pulled their 
vehicle over and demanded identification. Were you familiar 
with that?
    Mr. Cuffari. I am.
    Mr. Bell. And so, the concern--our colleague talked about 
things that we should be concerned about, talking about 
previous administrations in the past. I think these are things 
that we should be concerned about like right now. Would you 
agree with that?
    Mr. Cuffari. I do.
    Mr. Bell. And when people are walking around with masks and 
they are identifying themselves as law enforcement agents or, 
more specifically, ICE agents, that is problematic, isn't it?
    Mr. Cuffari. For whom?
    Mr. Bell. Pick the person. The person who is there, the 
victim, whomever. So, let me ask you this. So, you do not think 
that it is a problem when someone who might be inclined to rob 
someone, kidnap them, steal someone, now they know that they 
can put a mask on, claim to be ICE, and people will not know?
    Mr. Cuffari. Without proper identification.
    Mr. Bell. So, is it your testimony today that all ICE 
agents need to properly identify themselves?
    Mr. Cuffari. That is a decision by the Department of 
Homeland Security.
    Mr. Bell. But what are your thoughts on that?
    Mr. Cuffari. It is the decision of the Department of 
Homeland Security how to deploy their law enforcement.
    Mr. Bell. Okay. So, I have dealt with law enforcement. I 
have worked with law enforcement. And they do not wear masks. 
They show themselves. They identify themselves because it is 
about the trust and accountability part.
    So, here is a hypothetical. So, you have a good-faith 
belief that this person who has approached you is not a law 
enforcement figure or an ICE agent, and you resist, and you are 
wrong. Do you know what will happen to you?
    Mr. Cuffari. That is a hypothetical. I do not know what 
would happen.
    Mr. Bell. You would be prosecuted. So, I do not know if you 
are an attorney. I am an attorney. When we are talking about 
the law, we start with hypotheticals because when we are 
discussing policy, we have to think about every situation that 
could potentially happen. And so, you have masked people 
walking around. And everyone knows that people can portray 
themselves as ICE agents, and if you are wrong, you get 
prosecuted, and that is a problem. And we have seen articles of 
it in Los Angeles and other places that we mentioned all over 
the country.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentleman's time has expired.
    Mr. Bell. I yield back.
    Mr. Higgins. Ms. Pressley is recognized for 5 minutes for 
questioning.
    Ms. Pressley. Thank you. First, let me begin by saying 
this. Republicans, you sound absolutely absurd. Stop calling 
children aliens. This intentional--I mean, the cruelty is the 
point. This intentional dehumanizing and persistent persecution 
through your rhetoric is shameful. You are literally attacking 
children. I cannot take seriously anyone who is using othering 
language to bully babies and toddlers. Republicans do not want 
us to see the humanity of immigrants--that is why they like 
saying aliens--and even put it in the title of the hearing. And 
that inhumane approach is consistent with the actions of the 
Department of Homeland Security.
    Dr. Cuffari, have you heard about the DHS policy of 
collecting the DNA of children and storing it into the FBI 
criminal data base? Yes or no?
    Mr. Cuffari. I believe there is not a policy to do 
children.
    Ms. Pressley. There absolutely is.
    Mr. Chair, I ask unanimous consent to enter into the record 
this report from July 2025 titled ``Raiding the Genome: How the 
U.S. Government is Abusing its Immigration Powers to Amass DNA 
for Future Policing.''
    Mr. Higgins. Without objection.
    Ms. Pressley. This policy began under Donald Trump. In his 
first term, he authorized DHS to begin mass DNA data collection 
from immigrants, including children, and hand that data over to 
an FBI data base designed to track violent offenders. Now that 
he is back, Trump is taking this policy to new extremes, adding 
more than a quarter million people to the data base in just 
four months. I am right here. A quarter million people, okay, 
in four months.
    This Committee recently held a hearing on genetic data, and 
there was bipartisan agreement that DNA is highly sensitive, 
and its misuse is a violation of people's rights because 
children as young as four years old could not possibly consent 
to DNA collection.
    So, I want to know what your office is doing about it, Dr. 
Cuffari.
    Mr. Cuffari. We actually wrote a report.
    Ms. Pressley. One moment, let me ask the question.
    Mr. Cuffari. Certainly.
    Ms. Pressley. Is it the responsibility of your office to 
investigate abuses of civil rights and civil liberties, yes or 
no?
    Mr. Cuffari. Yes.
    Ms. Pressley. Has your office ever investigated concerns 
about DHS agents stealing genetic information from children and 
uploading it to the FBI's criminal data base?
    Mr. Cuffari. Not to my knowledge during my tenure.
    Ms. Pressley. Well, for an inspector general worthy of the 
title, it should be a priority investigation. Do you agree?
    Mr. Cuffari. I agree that we did a report----
    Ms. Pressley. Thank you.
    Mr. Cuffari. Thank you.
    Ms. Pressley. You agree?
    Mr. Cuffari. I agree that we did a report----
    Ms. Pressley. It should be a priority investigation?
    Mr. Cuffari [continuing]. On the matter you are discussing.
    Ms. Pressley. For the record, I want to be clear. Do you 
agree there should be a priority investigation by your office 
to look into agents stealing genetic information from children 
and uploading it to the FBI's criminal data base, yes or no? 
Yes or no? Your office----
    Mr. Cuffari. We have done the report----
    Ms. Pressley. Let me just----
    Mr. Cuffari [continuing]. That you are mentioning.
    Ms. Pressley. Let me just say this. Your office, according 
to Title V of the U.S. Code, chapter 4, section 417, this is 
the responsibility you are charged with to investigate abuses 
of civil rights and civil liberties. Children as young as four 
years old have not consented to the collection of their DNA. 
That is a violation of their civil rights and civil liberties.
    So, this is not a trick question. Do you believe, given the 
charge and jurisdiction of your office, that this should be a 
priority investigation as their rights have been violated?
    Mr. Cuffari. Unless the adult consented on the child's 
behalf.
    Ms. Pressley. Yes or no? Yes or no, Dr. Cuffari?
    Mr. Cuffari. We just got done writing a report.
    Ms. Pressley. On what?
    Mr. Cuffari. On the DNA collection within the Department of 
Homeland Security.
    Ms. Pressley. I thought you said you were not even aware 
that it was a policy. I am very confused.
    Mr. Cuffari. There is not a policy.
    Ms. Pressley. Dr. Cuffari, I am not going to, you know, 
play these games here because we are talking about children, so 
I do not want to circle the drain. But this should be a 
priority investigation because we have children whose civil 
rights have been violated with the collection of their DNA.
    This Administration is turning childhood trauma into a 
permanent record. Republicans on this Committee, you claim to 
be focused on protecting children, yet you are ignoring actual 
threats to their safety. You traumatize children with the 
threat of disappearing their parents. You traumatize children 
by disappearing their parents. You traumatize children by 
collecting their DNA without their consent and criminalizing 
them. You traumatize children by denying them food when they 
are hungry. You traumatize children by denying them essential 
healthcare, which is their human right. You traumatize them so 
much that they are afraid to show up to school, afraid to show 
up to church, afraid to go to doctor's appointments.
    Mr. Chair, I ask unanimous consent to enter into the record 
this July 2025 article from the Boston Globe titled, `` `I Want 
Daddy', As ICE detains parents and children''--
    Mr. Higgins. Without objection.
    The gentlelady's time has expired.
    Ms. Mace is recognized----
    Ms. Pressley. Stop using children as pawns. This is the 
real child abuse.
    Mr. Higgins [continuing]. For 5 minutes for questions.
    Ms. Pressley. Thank you. I yield.
    Ms. Mace. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I appreciate the passion 
this afternoon.
    We talk a lot about the consequences of illegal immigration 
on American citizens, and rightfully so. It was a nightmare for 
the American people, many of whom were robbed, raped, and 
murdered by illegal aliens. Today, we are examining the 
humanitarian catastrophe for Joe Biden and Kamala Harris' open 
borders caused for children.
    And South Carolina is not alone. We have had children 
killed by illegal aliens. We had a sanctuary sheriff in South 
Carolina just last year who was letting out illegals, not 
working with ICE, refused to work with ICE, and she was letting 
out--Kristin Graziano was her name, and she lost her election, 
rightfully so, in November. But she was letting out illegals 
who were rapists, murderers, pedophiles, that sort of thing.
    So, open borders are not compassionate. They are cruel. The 
Biden Administration's decision to fling our border wide open 
and institute catch and release put hundreds of thousands of 
unaccompanied children at risk of exploitation through sex-
trafficking, child pornography, narco-trafficking, and modern-
day slavery.
    So, Mr. Cuffari, a DHS Inspector General, you sounded the 
alarm on this issue, and I know each and every American thanks 
you. So, my question for you this afternoon is how many 
unaccompanied children were lost by the Biden Administration?
    Mr. Cuffari. I believe the figure is 233,000.
    Ms. Mace. And how many unaccompanied children were 
registered to non-existent addresses or had no address listed 
at all?
    Mr. Cuffari. I do not have the exact number on that. There 
were 31,000 who had invalid addresses.
    Ms. Mace. Okay. And in your review, how frequently did you 
find numerous children registered to the same address?
    Mr. Cuffari. Frequently.
    Ms. Mace. And do you believe there were sufficient 
safeguards in place to prevent these from happening?
    Mr. Cuffari. No.
    Ms. Mace. As you mentioned in 2021, the Biden 
Administration removed a requirement HHS provide ICE with 
biographic and biometric information to vet the sponsors and 
adult members of the household of unaccompanied minors. They 
made it easier to hand unaccompanied children to criminals. How 
many unaccompanied minors did the Biden Administration hand 
over to criminals or known cartel associates?
    Mr. Cuffari. I know that the recent efforts between HHS and 
DHS have identified 400 sponsors who have been arrested.
    Ms. Mace. In your review, how many sponsors did you 
identify who are criminals or known cartel associates?
    Mr. Cuffari. I do not have that figure.
    Ms. Mace. Was ICE able to properly vet sponsors of 
unaccompanied children for criminal history or cartel ties 
without biographic or biometric information from ICE?
    Mr. Cuffari. No, they were prohibited from doing so.
    Ms. Mace. Crazy. Did the Biden Administration conduct DNA 
testing to verify sponsors claiming a familial relation were in 
fact related to the unaccompanied child?
    Mr. Cuffari. That is a report that we just published within 
the last few days. I think the figure was 0.1 percent of 
individuals who came to the border had DNA tested.
    Ms. Mace. Did the Biden Administration--we did that. Okay. 
So, are you aware DHS has a program called Intensive 
Supervision Appearance Program, ISAP, to monitor the location 
of illegal aliens on the non-detained docket, manage cases, and 
ensure compliance?
    Mr. Cuffari. Yes.
    Ms. Mace. Okay. Do you believe a similar program to track 
the location of unaccompanied children would reduce the risk of 
unaccompanied minors being exploited?
    Mr. Cuffari. It would certainly be very helpful.
    Ms. Mace. Okay. I want to thank you for being here today. 
And also, as someone who has spent a good part of my political 
career protecting women and children, I want to say that 
protecting them from illegals who are rapists, murderers, and 
pedophiles is supremely important. I have authored dozens of 
bills to protect women and kids. I am someone who found myself 
accidentally uncovering possible child sexual abuse material in 
November 2023, and I will fight like hell for women and kids 
everywhere across the country.
    And I want to be sure that when we are talking about 
pedophiles, convicted, et cetera, that we think about making 
sure that we do not expose who those victims are, who those 
kids are, that if we are going to release files, that we redact 
the names of the kids that were involved or the names of the 
victims. I, myself, as a victim currently today, fighting for 
justice for myself and other women, I cannot express how 
important that is.
    But also, how do you traffic 1,000 kids and only have one 
accomplice? Like that just does not make sense to me. And I am 
for full transparency of all pedophiles. I am for making sure 
that we go after those who have raped kids, who have done the 
worst of the worst.
    So, thank you, Mr. Chairman, and I yield back.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentlelady yields.
    Ms. Simon. Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Biggs. Mr. Chairman, I have a UC.
    Ms. Simon. I apologize, sir.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentleman is recognized.
    Mr. Biggs. Thank you. This is from today. ``Former Obama 
ICE Director: Homan's Right that Keeping ICE out of Jails Means 
More Collateral Arrests.'' Yield back.
    Mr. Higgins. Without objection.
    There is unanimous consent that I have entered into the 
record a bill currently under consideration by this Committee, 
my bill, that is titled ``Restoring Integrity and Efficiency to 
the Inspector General Oversight Act of 2025,'' abolishing the 
Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency 
regarding abolishing CIGIE, which is considered by many to be a 
rogue and politically driven and weaponized part of our 
government.
    Also, for unanimous consent to enter into the record 8 U.S. 
Code 1101, under definitions, (a)(3), the term ``alien'' means 
any person not a citizen or national of the United States. That 
is the legal definition of that term. Without objection.
    And I enter into the record or seek unanimous consent, the 
Bureau of Justice Statistics that supports my earlier statement 
that, at any given time, 700,000 to 800,000 American citizens 
are incarcerated in American penitentiaries that are themselves 
parents of minor children.
    And without objection, pursuant to the previous order, the 
Subcommittee stands in recess, subject to the call of the 
Chair.
    Ms. Lee. Point of order--are we not going to take the vote?
    Mr. Higgins. We are in recess.
    Mr. Garcia. Mr. Chairman, are we going to take the vote for 
the motion?
    Mr. Higgins. We are in recess, subject to the previous 
order which passed without objection. Sorry, this is out of 
order conversation--I am just being polite.
    [Recess.]
    Mr. Higgins. The Subcommittee on Federal Law Enforcement, 
Oversight and Reform, is back in session. Let me just announce 
to the Members that we are going to get as much done as we can, 
while votes are about to be called, so we can move forward with 
these proceedings reflective of our rules.
    I believe Mr. Perry had sought recognition.
    Mr. Perry. That is right, Mr. Chairman. Thank you.
    Mr. Chairman, I have a motion to subpoena the following 
individuals to expand the full Committee's investigation into 
Ms. Maxwell, and the list reads as follows: William Jefferson 
Clinton, Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton, James Brien Comey, 
Loretta Elizabeth Lynch, Eric Hempton Holder Jr., Merrick Brian 
Garland, Robert Swan Mueller III, William Pelham Barr, 
Jefferson Beauregard Sessions III, and Alberto Gonzalez. That 
is the full list, Mr. Chairman, and that is the motion.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentleman has a motion.
    All those in favor, signify by saying aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. All those opposed signify by saying no.
    [Chorus of noes.]
    Mr. Higgins. In the opinion of the Chair, the ayes have it, 
and the motion is agreed to.
    Ms. Lee. A recorded vote.
    Mr. Higgins. A recorded vote is requested. The clerk will 
call the roll.
    Will the clerk, distribute a copy, please.
    [Pause.]
    Mr. Higgins. Does another Member have--I am not sure that 
is within the rules, but does another Member have a request?
    Mr. Biggs. Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Higgins. In the opinion of the Chair, the ayes have it, 
and the motion is agreed to.
    Mr. Biggs. Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Higgins. Does Mr. Biggs have a motion?
    Mr. Biggs. I do, Mr. Chairman.
    I move that at the bottom of the current motion that it 
state the following: ``Additionally, all communications between 
President Biden or the Biden officials and the prosecuting 
agency related to the Epstein prosecutors also be released.''
    Mr. Higgins. And that is at the bottom of which present 
motion, sir?
    Mr. Biggs. I am not sure. I never received a copy of the 
motion, but----
    Mr. Higgins. The amendment from Ms. Lee?
    Mr. Biggs [continuing]. It is the Democrat's motion that we 
are considering. It is----
    Mr. Higgins. You are talking about amending the motion of 
Ms. Lee?
    Mr. Biggs. Yes, if it is Ms. Lee that made the motion for 
the subpoena. I did not get a copy of that, sir.
    Mr. Garcia. Mr. Chair, I think our preference and our 
request is to have the clean motion that Ms. Lee made to 
release the Epstein files. This is the vote that we will be 
voting for.
    Mr. Higgins. Yes, and the gentleman's argument is being 
discussed. There is a parliamentarian discussion going on 
between the Majority and the Minority right now. We are going 
to follow the rules.
    In the meantime, votes have been called, and pursuant to 
the previous order, the Subcommittee stands in recess. We will 
be returning as fast as possible after votes, so we are going 
to call it a one-half hour window to return after votes.
    [Recess.]
    Mr. Higgins. The Subcommittee will come back to order. We 
continue with the amendment--Ms. Lee's motion rather, and I 
believe Mr. Biggs has a motion for amendment of Ms. Lee's 
motion.
    Mr. Biggs. Yes, thank you, Mr. Chair.
    I move to amend Ms. Lee's motion to include the release of 
all communications between President Joe Biden and/or the Biden 
Administration officials in the Department of Justice related 
to Jeffrey Epstein.
    Mr. Higgins. Motion is offered.
    All those in favor, signify by saying aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. All opposed?
    Do you have an amendment to the amendment?
    Mr. Garcia. I do, Mr. Chair.
    Mr. Higgins. Mr. Garcia is recognized with an amendment to 
the amendment that Mr. Biggs has offered----
    Mr. Garcia. Thank you.
    Mr. Higgins. To Ms. Lee's motion.
    Mr. Garcia. I move to add a second amendment to the 
amendment to Mr. Biggs' to strike ``President Joe Biden and/or 
Biden Administration officials'' and replace with ``any 
President or executive branch official.''
    Mr. Higgins. We will dispense with Mr. Garcia's motion to 
amend the amendment of Mr. Biggs before we vote by voice on Mr. 
Biggs' amendment to Ms. Lee's motion.
    All those in favor of Mr. Garcia's motion to amend Mr. 
Biggs' motion, say aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. All those opposed, no.
    [Chorus of noes.]
    Mr. Higgins. In the opinion of the Chair, the noes have it, 
and the motion is not agreed to.
    Mr. Garcia. Recorded vote, please, Mr. Chair.
    Mr. Higgins. Recorded vote is requested. The clerk will 
call the roll.
    The Clerk. Mr. Gosar.
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mr. Biggs.
    Mr. Biggs. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Biggs votes no.
    Ms. Mace.
    Ms. Mace. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Mace votes no.
    Mr. Perry.
    Mr. Perry. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Perry votes no.
    Ms. Boebert.
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mr. Jack.
    Mr. Jack. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Jack votes no.
    Ms. Lee.
    Ms. Lee. Yes.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes yes.
    Mr. Bell.
    Mr. Bell. Yes.
    The Clerk. Mr. Bell votes yes.
    Ms. Simon.
    Ms. Simon. Yes.
    The Clerk. Ms. Simon votes yes.
    Ms. Pressley.
    Ms. Pressley. Yes.
    The Clerk. Ms. Pressley votes yes.
    Mr. Garcia.
    Mr. Garcia. Yes.
    The Clerk. Mr. Garcia votes yes.
    Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Higgins. The Chairman votes no.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman votes no.
    Mr. Chairman, on this vote, the ayes are five, the nays are 
five.
    Mr. Higgins. The vote is a tie. The motion fails.
    We now will dispense with Mr. Biggs' motion to amend the 
motion of Ms. Lee.
    All those in favor of Mr. Biggs' amendment, say aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. All those opposed?
    [No response.]
    Mr. Higgins. In the opinion of the Chair, the ayes have it, 
and the motion is agreed to.
    We will now call up Ms. Lee's----
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Higgins. Yes.
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Higgins. Yes.
    Ms. Mace. Right here. I move to amend Ms. Lee's motion to 
include the redacting of names of victims and any personally 
identifying information of said victims and any possible child 
sexual abuse material, or CSAM. I think it is very important 
that we protect any potential victims.
    Mr. Higgins. That is an amendment to Ms. Lee's motion.
    All those in favor of Ms. Mace's amendment to Ms. Lee's 
motion, say aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. All those opposed, say no.
    [No response.]
    Mr. Higgins. In the opinion of the Chair, the ayes have it, 
and the motion is agreed to.
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Higgins. Ms. Mace.
    Ms. Mace. I move to amend Ms. Lee's motion to add the word 
``credible'' before the word ``complete.''
    Mr. Higgins. Ms. Mace has further amendment to Ms. Lee's 
motion.
    All those in favor----
    Mr. Garcia. Mr. Chair?
    Mr. Higgins [continuing]. Say aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Garcia. We just want that in writing. We just want to 
make sure we have the exact change of the motion, please.
    Mr. Higgins. I believe she said she has added one word. Can 
we dispense?
    Ms. Mace. The word ``credible.''----
    Mr. Higgins. The word ``credible.''
    Ms. Mace. [continuing]. After the word ``complete.'' Sorry.
    Mr. Higgins. We respect the gentleman's query. I am asking 
to move forward.
    Mr. Garcia. Yes, we want that in writing.
    Mr. Higgins. Okay. A writ has been requested regarding Ms. 
Mace's one-word amendment to Ms. Lee's motion. We will stand by 
to move forward with the vote while the clerk prepares the 
writ.
    Mr. Bell. Mr. Chair, is there an opportunity to comment on 
the motion?
    Mr. Higgins. Not at this time. Are you asking to be 
recognized for comment?
    Mr. Bell. Yes.
    Mr. Higgins. After we have dispensed with this, yes, sir.
    Mr. Bell. Thank you.
    Mr. Garcia. Mr. Chair?
    Mr. Higgins. Mr. Garcia, you are recognized. The writ of 
Ms. Mace's amendment to Ms. Lee's motion has been distributed. 
Mr. Garcia, you are recognized for comment.
    Mr. Garcia. Yes, my question, and perhaps the question to 
Ms. Lee----
    Mr. Higgins. Order.
    Mr. Garcia. Thank you. I think adding the word 
``credible''--who makes the decision on what is credible? And I 
am wondering, Ms. Mace, does the DOJ get an opportunity to make 
that decision?
    Ms. Mace. I believe in the bipartisan bill by 
Representatives Massie and Khanna, they use language 
``credible'' also. I think it is important that this does not 
need to be a witch hunt. We all want transparency on this 
Committee, and you are seeing that process in play in real time 
right now. And I think it is really important that this is not 
a witch hunt, that we are talking about credible information, 
credible files, et cetera. And I believe it models the language 
that is in the Massie-Khanna bill or discharge petition as it 
is.
    Mr. Garcia. I mean, we will definitely take a look at that. 
I think that, obviously, we want to make sure, I think like all 
of you, that we have a full release of the Epstein files and 
that all pertinent information is released. I do not doubt that 
all of you also want that same thing. I just think it is 
important that the word ``credible'', I think, adds a concern 
that who is making the decision of what is actually credible 
within the actual file.
    Ms. Mace. May I?
    Mr. Garcia. Please.
    Ms. Mace. I think it is important that we ensure that we 
are not releasing unverified documents, that the documents that 
we are subpoenaing to have released are actually verified. So, 
we have all worked on--I have worked on many issues with women 
and children. I happen to be a victim of a similar thing that I 
uncovered. About one year, nine months ago, I discovered 
possible child sexual abuse material on a device from someone 
in my district, and I reported it to the feds. I reported it to 
the state law enforcement division where there is an open and 
active investigation right now based on that information.
    And I understand when we are doing an investigation, 
because of the experience that I have just been through the 
last one year, nine months, one, protecting victims, which we 
just did in my previous motion. But now I want to make sure 
that the information that we do release is verified and is 
credible, and I think that is fair. And you are watching us. 
This is democracy in motion. This is a Republican motion. You 
are seeing us work together to make sure that we are putting 
verified information, verified documents forward. That is, in 
my estimation, the best path forward to ensure that this is not 
just some political witch hunt, that we are being actually very 
thoughtful about it with all parties involved.
    Mr. Garcia. I appreciate that. And I think our concern, and 
certainly mine is that, you know, if it is the White House or 
anyone else that is making a decision of what is actually 
credible or not, or the DOJ, we want to----
    Ms. Mace. Well, we, as a Committee, are doing that. We----
    Mr. Garcia. I understand that. I just want to make sure 
that we receive as much information as possible and that the 
decision of what is actually credible is not being made by an 
outside party.
    Ms. Mace. Well, we are making that decision.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentleman's time for----
    Ms. Mace. We have----
    Mr. Higgins [continuing]. Comment on this----
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chairman, may I?
    Mr. Higgins [continuing]. Has expired.
    Ms. Mace. May I, Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Higgins. I would ask that in the interest of all 
Members, we are debating one word, one word on an amendment to 
a motion that we have yet to vote on.
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chairman, may I have 1 minute?
    Mr. Higgins. I recognize Ms. Mace.
    Ms. Mace. We, as an oversight committee, we have writ 
authority over our subpoena, over this motion, over the 
subpoena. So, there is no one from the White House in the room 
today. There is no one from the DOJ in the room. This is us 
operating as our own legislative vehicle doing this 
independently of anybody. And I think we want to be sure that 
this is structured in a way that is taken seriously, is real, 
and that it is verified. And we, as a committee, have that writ 
authority, Mr. Chairman, as you know.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentlelady yields.
    Let me say again, we are debating one word. I would suggest 
that we move forward with a vote. If you oppose a motion, 
oppose a motion.
    Ms. Simon. Mr. Chairman, may I be recognized?
    Mr. Higgins. The good lady is recognized.
    Ms. Simon. Thank you, sir. I would like to yield my time to 
Ranking Member Garcia.
    Mr. Garcia. Thank you. And I appreciate the back-and-forth, 
and I know we are going to vote here real soon. You know, we 
are scanning the resolution. We do not see right now the word 
``credible'' in there. Maybe it is there. We have not seen it 
yet, but it is not something that we are seeing in the Massie 
resolution.
    Ms. Mace. Okay.
    Mr. Garcia. And so----
    Ms. Mace. I am a cosponsor. I thought that was in there, so 
my apologies to the Committee.
    Mr. Garcia. And so, I think your initial motion, I think 
is, is one that we obviously supported with the redacting of 
those names and information. I think if we can just move on 
from that ``credible'' word and allow the files to be released 
as intended. I think the motion as-is was appropriate.
    Ms. Mace. May I? So, you are okay with having unverified, 
undocumented files released to the public? I mean----
    Mr. Garcia. But they are being released to the Committee.
    Ms. Mace. To the Committee.
    Mr. Garcia. They will be released to us.
    Ms. Mace. But you want unverified, undocumented----
    Mr. Garcia. Yes. Let us take all the information, Ms. Mace, 
and then, at that point, this Committee can make those 
decisions. You are going to have that information. We will all 
have it. As far as what is released to the public is a separate 
question.
    Ms. Mace. Right. I just think it is very important for this 
to be taken seriously, that we are using legitimate documents, 
that they are verified. I am going to yield to Mr. Biggs who 
would like to--is that okay?
    Mr. Biggs. Thanks.
    Ms. Simon. I believe that I have yielded my time, Mr. 
Chairman, to Mr. Garcia, so if he wants to yield it back to me?
    Mr. Garcia. What I would do is I would----
    Mr. Higgins. Hold on. I had recognized Ms. Mace. Did Mr. 
Garcia? There is a lot of recognition here.
    Mr. Garcia. Thank you, sir. Last piece. I think, look, if 
you want to adopt the language that is actually in the Massie 
resolution as it relates to the information and what 
information we want to get back, I think we would be okay with 
that.
    Ms. Mace. Well, let us do that.
    Mr. Garcia. Let us do that. We are happy to do that. OK. 
There is language in the Massie resolution that we will have to 
write it out, so you will need to give us some time, but we are 
happy to do that with our two teams.
    Mr. Higgins. All right. Mr. Bell had sought recognition, I 
believe. You are recognized for comment, Mr. Bell.
    Mr. Biggs. Mr. Chairman?
    Ms. Mace. I am not going to withdraw the amendment.
    Mr. Higgins. On Ms. Mace--pardon?
    Ms. Mace. I am not withdrawing amendment.
    Mr. Higgins. I understand. On Ms. Mace's amendment to Ms. 
Lee's motion, Ms. Mace's amendment being adding the word 
``credible'' to Ms. Lee's motion. Mr. Bell is recognized, and 
let us move forward, please.
    Mr. Bell. With respect to how the legalese of this is that 
when you introduce a word like ``credible,'' essentially what 
you are saying is that someone is going to make a decision on 
what is credible and what is not credible. And when we are 
talking about due process, and I do not care whether--I do not 
care whose name is in this report, Democrat, Republican, or 
whomever, the public has a right, folks have a right to know, 
particularly when we are dealing with folks who have been 
preying on children. And it is disappointing to me that people 
on this Committee do not want to see all of the information 
regarding potential trafficking, potential or alleged, preying 
on children.
    We saw an amendment that limited to President Biden and his 
communications, but yet Members on this community want to claim 
that they do not want a political witch hunt. Well, you just 
made it a political witch hunt. And what we are saying is, let 
us just release the files. Let us find out what is in there. 
You know, whoever is in there, let us find out what is in 
there. Let us get to the bottom of it. That is what justice is 
about.
    And so, it disappoints me. And I am glad that we are not 
doing this vote in the middle of the night as some of these 
other controversial votes have been brought up. This is in 
broad daylight, and whoever votes, how you vote is right here 
and for everyone to see. And so, if you want to add language 
that could potentially protect predators, just know you are 
going to be held accountable for that, and we are not going to 
forget about it because I do not care if my mother's name was 
in there. I am sorry, Ma, for throwing you in there. We need to 
find out what the information is in that document because, keep 
in mind, there might be other victims. There might be other 
victims out there who may not feel empowered to stand up 
because they do not feel that we are supporting them. And so--
--
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chairman?
    Mr. Bell. All right. I will yield my time.
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chair?
    Mr. Bell. I will yield my time back to the Ranking Member.
    Mr. Garcia. I think we are ready to vote, and then we will 
move forward.
    Ms. Mace. Mr. Chairman? No, the importance of the word----
    Mr. Higgins. Mr. Biggs is recognized, yields his time to 
Ms. Mace.
    Ms. Mace. It is important that we--I am currently now, I 
mean, I have actively reported child sexual abuse material that 
I uncovered one year, nine months ago, November 5, 2023. And I 
am working with victims. And so, to sit here and say that 
Members of this Committee, like myself, do not want information 
out about possible crimes against children, we are literally 
voting on that right now. It is going to be a bipartisan vote. 
So, I take issue with that.
    But also, we are in a political environment where the 
Steele dossier was touted out there as something that was 
credible. It was not credible. We were told that the Hunter 
Biden laptop was not credible when it ended up, it was 
credible.
    And so, you know, we are in this environment. I want to be 
as transparent as possible. You are going to see me vote for 
this and the other Republicans on this Subcommittee, but it is 
important that we treat this with the dignity, the respect, the 
transparency, and that we are not going down the conspiracy 
rabbit hole that our country has been through for the last four 
years. Like we are trying to instill trust in an institution. 
And regardless of what is in the files, who is in the files, 
all of that, we want to, I think, as a body, this body on this 
Committee, this Subcommittee, show that we can be trusted and 
that we are not going to play these games. And I think it is 
just really important that we are talking about verified 
documents. That is why I want the word ``credible'' in there.
    I am living this nightmare in real-time with some of my 
constituents because of evidence that I personally uncovered, 
and I am fighting like hell, tooth and nail for those victims. 
And I cannot tell you, when you see possible child sexual abuse 
material, what it does to your soul and how awful. And you are 
right there with me shaking your head. I cannot tell you how 
devastating it is, how devastating it has been to me, the 
trauma that I have endured, the vicarious trauma that I have 
endured dealing with victims. So, I take this issue very 
seriously, and I want to see us do this work, but do it in a 
way that is not going to be tainted.
    I am sick of the political games. I am sick of it. Let us 
do something that is real. Let us do something that is right. 
Let us do something that is verified so that we can be trusted. 
No one trusts us up here, but we are doing the work now. And 
that is why I am very passionate about this and doing it the 
right way, not the political way, not the easy way, not the way 
that some people in this Committee might go fundraise on this 
afterwards, how everyone is eager to take this vote to go make 
money for their campaigns next year or use it as a wedge in a 
political campaign in the midterms next year.
    Let us do it real. Let us do it real. Let us do it right. 
Let us do it with dignity. Let us do it with verified 
information and documents and do it the right way for the 
American people, Mr. Chairman, and I yield back.
    Mr. Higgins. The gentlelady yields. Mr. Biggs yields back 
his time.
    We call up Ms. Mace's amendment number two for vote.
    All those in favor, say aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. All those opposed, say no.
    [Chorus of noes.]
    Mr. Higgins. In the opinion of Chair, the ayes have it.
    Mr. Garcia. A recorded vote, please.
    Mr. Higgins. A recorded vote is called for. The clerk will 
call the roll.
    The Clerk. Mr. Gosar.
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mr. Biggs.
    Mr. Biggs. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Biggs votes aye.
    Ms. Mace.
    Ms. Mace. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Mace votes aye.
    Mr. Perry.
    Mr. Perry. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Perry votes aye.
    Ms. Boebert.
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mr. Jack.
    Mr. Jack. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Jack votes aye.
    Ms. Lee.
    Ms. Lee. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes no.
    Mr. Bell.
    Mr. Bell. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Bell votes no.
    Ms. Simon.
    Ms. Simon. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Simon votes no.
    Ms. Pressley.
    Ms. Pressley. No.
    The Clerk. Ms. Pressley votes no.
    Mr. Garcia.
    Mr. Garcia. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Garcia votes no.
    Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Higgins. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman votes aye.
    Mr. Higgins. The clerk will read the tally.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman, on this vote, the ayes are five, 
the nays are five.
    Mr. Higgins. There being a tie, the ayes have it. The 
motion fails. There being a tie, the motion fails.
    And now, we will be calling up Ms. Lee's motion, as 
amended.
    All those in favor, say aye.
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Higgins. All those opposed, no.
    [Chorus of noes.]
    Ms. Lee. The ayes?
    Mr. Higgins. Pardon?
    Ms. Lee. The ayes have it?
    Mr. Higgins. In the opinion of the Chair, the no has it.
    Mr. Garcia. Recorded vote, sir.
    Mr. Higgins. A recorded vote is called for. The clerk will 
call the roll.
    The Clerk. Mr. Gosar.
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mr. Biggs.
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Ms. Mace.
    Ms. Mace. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Mace votes aye.
    Mr. Perry.
    Mr. Perry. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Perry votes aye.
    Ms. Boebert.
    [No response.]
    The Clerk. Mr. Jack.
    Mr. Jack. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Jack votes aye.
    Ms. Lee.
    Ms. Lee. Yes.
    The Clerk. Ms. Lee votes yes.
    Mr. Bell.
    Mr. Bell. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Bell votes aye.
    Ms. Simon.
    Ms. Simon. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Simon votes aye.
    Ms. Pressley.
    Ms. Pressley. Aye.
    The Clerk. Ms. Pressley votes aye.
    Mr. Garcia.
    Mr. Garcia. Aye.
    The Clerk. Mr. Garcia votes aye.
    Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Higgins. No.
    The Clerk. Mr. Chairman votes no.
    Mr. Higgins. Mr. Biggs is not recorded?
    The Clerk. Mr. Biggs is not recorded.
    Mr. Biggs. Nay.
    The Clerk. Mr. Biggs votes nay.
    Mr. Chairman, on this vote, the ayes are eight, the nays 
are two.
    Mr. Higgins. The ayes have it and the motion is agreed to. 
The Subcommittee stands adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 5:17 p.m., the Subcommittee was adjourned.]