[Senate Hearing 118-691]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]




                                                        S. Hrg. 118-691

  ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE U.S. SPORTS AND ENTERTAINMENT ECONOMY, LAS 
                             VEGAS EDITION

=======================================================================

                             FIELD HEARING

                               before the

                    SUBCOMMITTEE ON TOURISM, TRADE,
                          AND EXPORT PROMOTION

                                 of the

                         COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE,
                      SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION
                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

                               __________

                            AUGUST 25, 2023

                               __________

    Printed for the use of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                             Transportation






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       SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION

                    ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

                   MARIA CANTWELL, Washington, Chair
AMY KLOBUCHAR, Minnesota             TED CRUZ, Texas, Ranking
BRIAN SCHATZ, Hawaii                 JOHN THUNE, South Dakota
EDWARD MARKEY, Massachusetts         ROGER WICKER, Mississippi
GARY PETERS, Michigan                DEB FISCHER, Nebraska
TAMMY BALDWIN, Wisconsin             JERRY MORAN, Kansas
TAMMY DUCKWORTH, Illinois            DAN SULLIVAN, Alaska
JON TESTER, Montana                  MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee
KYRSTEN SINEMA, Arizona              TODD YOUNG, Indiana
JACKY ROSEN, Nevada                  TED BUDD, North Carolina
BEN RAY LUJAN, New Mexico            ERIC SCHMITT, Missouri
JOHN HICKENLOOPER, Colorado          J. D. VANCE, Ohio
RAPHAEL WARNOCK, Georgia             SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West 
PETER WELCH, Vermont                     Virginia
                                     CYNTHIA LUMMIS, Wyoming
                   Lila Harper Helms, Staff Director
                 Melissa Porter, Deputy Staff Director
                     Jonathan Hale, General Counsel
                 Brad Grantz, Republican Staff Director
           Nicole Christus, Republican Deputy Staff Director
                     Liam McKenna, General Counsel
                                 ------                                

          SUBCOMMITTEE ON TOURISM, TRADE, AND EXPORT PROMOTION

JACKY ROSEN, Nevada, Chair           TED BUDD, North Carolina, Ranking
AMY KLOBUCHAR, Minnesota             JOHN THUNE, South Dakota
TAMMY DUCKWORTH, Illinois            MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee
KYRSTEN SINEMA, Arizona              SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West 
JOHN HICKENLOOPER, Colorado              Virginia































                            C O N T E N T S

                              ----------                              
                                                                   Page
Hearing held on August 25, 2023..................................     1
Statement of Senator Rosen.......................................     1

                               Witnesses

William ``Bill'' Hornbuckle, President and Chief Executive 
  Officer, MGM Resorts International; and Chair, U.S. Travel and 
  Tourism Advisory Board.........................................     3
    Prepared statement...........................................     5
Sandra Douglass Morgan, President, Las Vegas Raiders.............     7
    Prepared statement...........................................     9
Mary Beth Sewald, President and CEO, Vegas Chamber...............    10
    Prepared statement...........................................    12
Steve Hill, CEO and President, Las Vegas Convention and Visitors 
  Authority (LVCVA)..............................................    14
    Prepared statement...........................................    16

 
                            ECONOMIC IMPACTS 
                  OF THE U.S. SPORTS AND ENTERTAINMENT 
                       ECONOMY, LAS VEGAS EDITION 

                              ----------                              


                        FRIDAY, AUGUST 25, 2023

                               U.S. Senate,
           Subcommittee on Tourism, Trade, and Export Promotion,   
        Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation,
                                                   Washington, D.C.
    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 11:00 a.m., in 
Room W326, Las Vegas Convention Center, West Hall, 300 
Convention Center Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada, Hon. Jacky Rosen, 
presiding.
    Present: Senator Rosen [presiding].

            OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. JACKY ROSEN, 
                    U.S. SENATOR FROM NEVADA

    Senator Rosen. We are gaveled into the Subcommittee of 
Tourism, Trade, and Export Promotion, so good morning. For all 
of you watching on the livestream, welcome to Las Vegas. This 
is the first-ever field hearing, like I said, of the 
Subcommittee on Tourism, Trade, and Export Promotion. Here, we 
are right here inside the world-renowned Las Vegas Convention 
Center.
    We are going to discuss the economic impacts of U.S. sports 
and entertainment economy, and I would like to thank Chair 
Cantwell and Ranking Member Cruz for their leadership and for 
supporting the work of this critical, critical subcommittee. 
And I am proud to welcome the Subcommittee to Las Vegas today 
because Nevada, I do not have to tell anyone, has long been a 
leader in travel and tourism. From the excitement and energy of 
our Las Vegas Strip, to the magnificent outdoor opportunities 
at Lake Tahoe, and the impeccable and vast public lands 
throughout our State, people from around the world love to 
visit Nevada.
    The Silver State is the global entertainment destination as 
well. In fact, this year alone, we are welcoming a number of 
major events. Well, Beyonce is here this weekend, and Taylor 
Swift was here not so long ago, so need I say any more about 
that?
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. But Nevada is also quickly becoming a global 
destination for sports. We are home to the Stanley Cup 
champion, Vegas Golden Knights, and for us women, the WNBA 
champion, Las Vegas Aces. In the next 6 months, we are going to 
host Formula 1, Las Vegas Grand Prix and the Super Bowl. In 
total, Las Vegas is set to host a staggering 39 significant 
sporting events or tournaments through 2024, solidifying our 
city's reputation as a premier sports destination, attracting 
athletes, fans, and tourists from around the world. And these 
events, while they are boosting our tourism economy, they are 
creating thousands of good-paying jobs, well, and they are 
supporting Nevada small businesses. And to get there, our city, 
with the help and support of the many witnesses here today, 
well, we grew to meet the needs of the sports and entertainment 
economy, notably with the creation of venues focused on 
enhancing the fan experience.
    In the last 7 years, four large sports venues were built in 
our city, including Allegiant Stadium and T-Mobile Arena, which 
added 104,000 seats to the city's entertainment venues, and 
generated an additional $1.5 million in annual ticket sales. 
And next month, the highly-anticipated Sphere, which I recently 
toured, will open as well, creating a new and phenomenally 
unique entertainment experience. So I cannot talk about what I 
saw, but, again, what I can say is this cutting-edge 
entertainment venue includes a dazzling 580,000 square foot LED 
exterior and an immersive sound system that provides 
individualized sound to every seat.
    And it is because of the significant impact of the travel 
and tourism industry that we have on Nevada's economy, that 
this is really the reason that we are here. It is the reason I 
have asked them here. It is a priority for me to lead this 
subcommittee, along with leaders in our community, because we 
have to be sure that in every single way, the Senate boosts 
travel and tourism to help Nevada, and, of course, it is going 
to help other States around the Nation. So today, the 
Subcommittee is going to examine the impact of large sporting 
and entertainment events on our local economies. We are going 
to talk about strategies for attracting international events to 
the United States and best practices for cities and States that 
welcome a large influx of visitors for these type of events.
    And what makes this hearing for me even more exciting is 
the amazing panel of witnesses I am so proud to work with every 
day that we have testifying. They are industry leaders, they 
are local and community leaders, and we are proud to have them 
here today representing MGM Resorts International, the Las 
Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority, the Las Vegas Raiders, 
and the Vegas Chamber. Like I said, each witness here today 
really is a pillar of our Las Vegas community, and they have 
really dedicated their lives to making our city a truly 
remarkable place, not just to live, but to visit. So I want to 
thank you all for being here, and I look forward to your 
testimony.
    So we will go right into introductions, and so I would like 
to introduce our first witness for today's hearing, Mr. Bill 
Hornbuckle. He is president and CEO of MGM Resorts 
International. Before also taking over as CEO, Mr. Hornbuckle 
served as president of MGM Resorts International, and prior to 
that, served as chief marketing officer of MGM from 2009 until 
2012. From 2005 until August 2009, he served as president and 
chief operating officer of Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino. Mr. 
Hornbuckle also serves as the chair of the U.S. Travel and 
Tourism Advisory Board, which is the advisory body to the 
Secretary of Commerce on matters relating to the travel and 
tourism industry in the United States.
    Bill is a pillar of our Nevada community--like I said, all 
of them are--not only because he leads our State's largest 
private sector employer, but also because of his work to give 
back to our great State from education initiatives to serving 
on the board of Three Square, a food bank in Southern Nevada 
that is the area's largest hunger relief organization. So, Mr. 
Hornbuckle, I thank you for being here today, and I recognize 
you for your opening remarks.

      STATEMENT OF WILLIAM ``BILL'' HORNBUCKLE, PRESIDENT

            AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, MGM RESORTS

             INTERNATIONAL; AND CHAIR, U.S. TRAVEL

                   AND TOURISM ADVISORY BOARD

    Mr. Hornbuckle. Thank you, Chair Rosen, and Ranking Member 
Budd and members of the Subcommittee, I would say welcome to 
Las Vegas, but welcome home, first and foremost.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. And nd to the balance of the group who are 
streaming, welcome to Las Vegas. There is no better location in 
America for which to examine the vast benefits travel and 
tourism creates for our national economy, and to discuss how 
effective public policy can accelerate a virtuous cycle of 
greater travel, stronger growth, and good-paying jobs. As CEO 
and president of MGM Resorts International and chair of the 
U.S. Travel and Tourism Advisory Board, I appreciate the 
opportunity to share a perspective on the policies needed to 
meet consumer demand for our new experiences by improving 
travel and ensuring America remains the world's premier travel 
and tourism destination. Last year, I had the opportunity to 
testify before the Subcommittee to discuss national travel and 
tourism strategy. I appreciated the support from Chair Rosen 
and the Subcommittee has shown for the travel and tourism 
industry, including securing the position of assistant 
secretary of travel and tourism, and working to ensure the 
position is fully funded, so thank you for that.
    So far in 2023, Las Vegas has welcomed nearly 20.35 million 
visitors, nearly 10 percent more than the same period last 
year. Rising demand for sports and entertainment experience is 
driving much of that growth, which I am sure you will hear much 
about in today's testimony. In March, an estimated 3 million 
people flocked to Las Vegas when we hosted multiple rounds of 
March Madness to Taylor Swift concerts--that was interesting--
at Allegiant Stadium, NASCAR events, and more. They are a 
unique crowd, and I will leave it at that.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hornbuckle. In June, our own Vegas Golden Knights 
captured the Stanley Cup, which was amazing, and punctuated the 
transformation of Las Vegas and the NHL's great hockey talents, 
but that was simply just the start. In addition to the Golden 
Knights, we are now home to the WNBA champion Las Vegas Aces 
and the NFL's Las Vegas Raiders, and more professional teams 
may be on the way. The only sad thing about today being here in 
Las Vegas and this testimony is we got invited to the White 
House to go see the Aces get recognized by the Vice President--
--
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hornbuckle.--but we thought this was kind of important.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you for being with us here. Thank you.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. It is like the White House. That sounds 
fun.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Anyways, later this year, our city will 
welcome millions more fans for Formula 1, Las Vegas' Grand 
Prix, and next February, Las Vegas is hosting the pinnacle of 
sports and entertainment with the Super Bowl kicking off at 
Sanders Allegiant Stadium. They did not write that. I put that 
in there.
    Senator Rosen. Yes.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Good policy has a major role to play in 
building on the success, and one of the major pillars of travel 
growth is a seamless travel experience. The travel experience 
truly begins at home and extends to various aspects of the 
travel and tourism industry, including travel planning, 
transit, and the actual travel experience. We must embrace a 
holistic perspective that bridges these sectors, ensuring 
policies that help create well-rounded enhancement of the 
travel experience that requires coordination and national 
investment in infrastructure and systems that support seamless 
travel, in the broader sense. Congress and the Biden 
administration took a major step forward by passing the 
Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, the largest long-term 
infrastructure investment in our Nation's history. As America 
continues to invest $550 billion that was authorized by that 
law, I urge policymakers to ensure travel and tourism 
infrastructure is a top priority.
    In recent years, the travel infrastructure decisions have 
been dominated by air travel, mainly the need to modernize 
airports and upgrade air traffic control systems, which 
McCarran was beneficiary to some of that, I would add. This is 
critically important to the future of travel, but we must also 
remember that most Americans travel to hotspots, which, drawing 
from hundreds of millions of people every year, are heavily 
reliant on roadways. Take Las Vegas, a destination we all know 
well, where more than half of the city's visitors arrive by 
car. It is the same as many popular destinations from 
Colorado's world class Rocky Mountain Ski resorts to Florida's 
theme park destinations.
    The solution--excuse me--starts with a national focus. 
Better road travel must become a national priority. We also 
need better coordination of agencies at all levels of 
government to get projects moving faster. Infrastructure 
projects do not always carry across State or county lines, and 
multiple layers of reviews and multiple jurisdictions continue 
to create higher costs and endless delays. For example, I-15 
carries 10 million travelers from Southern California to Las 
Vegas every year, about a quarter of the city's visitors. But 
what could be or should be a 3-and-a-half to 4-hour journey can 
stretch to 10 hours on most Sundays, and on a recent New Year's 
Day, the backup was 18 miles long.
    The I-15 corridor's ability to accommodate increased 
capacity is imperative to the travel experience and can be 
realized through strategic road expansion and support for the 
Bright Line West High Speed Rail project, which again, Senator, 
I know you have been supportive of, so thank you. Pursuing to 
an efficient and seamless transportation system requires 
greater coordination across all levels of government to foster 
a 21st century approach that evolves with the dynamic demands 
of a very modern world and destination, particularly here in 
Las Vegas. In addition to improve infrastructure, America's 
travel destinations must--travel destinations must feel more 
welcoming to travelers across the globe. We must work together 
and commit to supporting accessible travel, resolving visa 
delays, which are numerous, and addressing workforce shortages.
    Las Vegas' rapid rise as the world's top sports 
entertainment destination is the culmination of an evolution, 
unlike any we have ever seen in our city's history. The 
transformation resulted from the public and private sectors 
working together to build exciting new venues, creating unique 
experiences that people love, and working together to 
revolutionize the way fans engage with their favorite teams. In 
that same spirit, I look forward to working with the members of 
the Subcommittee to drive the next wave of growth in travel and 
tourism, and further boost the industry's growing contributions 
to the American economy. Thank you, and I look forward to your 
questions.
    [The prepared statement of Mr. Hornbuckle follows:]

Prepared Statement of William ``Bill'' Hornbuckle, President and Chief 
 Executive Officer, MGM Resorts International; and Chair, U.S. Travel 
                       and Tourism Advisory Board
    Chair Rosen, Ranking Member Budd, and Members of the Subcommittee:

    It's great to welcome you to Las Vegas.
    There is no better location in America from which to examine the 
vast benefits travel and tourism creates for our Nation's economy--and 
to discuss how effective public policy can accelerate a virtuous cycle 
of greater travel, stronger growth, and more good paying jobs.
    As CEO and President of MGM Resorts International and Chair of the 
U.S. Travel and Tourism Advisory Board--or TTAB--I appreciate the 
opportunity to share a perspective on the policies needed to meet 
consumer demand for new experiences by improving travel and ensuring 
America remains the world's premier travel and tourism destination.
    Last year, I testified before this subcommittee to discuss the 
National Travel and Tourism Strategy. I appreciate the support Chair 
Rosen and the subcommittee has shown for the travel and tourism 
industry, including securing the position of Assistant Secretary for 
Travel and Tourism and working to ensure the position is fully funded.
    So far in 2023, Las Vegas has welcomed nearly 20.35 million 
visitors--nearly 10 percent more than the same period last year. Rising 
demand for sports and entertainment experiences is driving much of this 
growth.
    In March, an estimated 3 million people flocked to Las Vegas when 
we hosted multiple rounds of March Madness, two Taylor Swift concerts 
at Allegiant Stadium, NASCAR events, and more. In June, our own Vegas 
Golden Knights captured the Stanley Cup--punctuating the transformation 
of Las Vegas into one of the NHL's great hockey towns. But that's just 
the start.
    In addition to the Golden Knights, we are now home to WNBA champion 
Las Vegas Aces and the NFL's Las Vegas Raiders. More professional teams 
may be on the way.
    Later this year, our city will welcome millions more fans for 
Formula 1's Las Vegas Grand Prix. Next February, Las Vegas is hosting 
the pinnacle of sports and entertainment, with Super Bowl LVIII kicking 
off at Allegiant Stadium.
    Good policy has a major role to play in building on this success.
    One of the major pillars of travel growth is a seamless travel 
experience. The travel experience begins at home and extends to various 
aspects of the travel and tourism industry, including travel planning, 
transit, and the actual travel experience. We must embrace a holistic 
perspective that bridges these sectors, ensuring policies that help 
create a well-rounded enhancement of the travel experience. That 
requires coordination and national investments in infrastructure and 
systems that support seamless travel in the broadest sense.
    Congress and the Biden Administration took a major step forward by 
passing the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law--the largest long-term 
infrastructure investment in our Nation's history. As America continues 
to invest the $550 billion authorized by that law, I urge policymakers 
to ensure travel and tourism infrastructure is a top priority.
    In recent years, the travel infrastructure discussion has been 
dominated by air travel--mainly the need to modernize airports and 
upgrade air traffic control systems. This is critically important to 
the future of travel.
    But we must also remember that most of America's travel hotspots--
which draw hundreds of millions of people every year--are heavily 
reliant on roadways.
    Take Las Vegas--where more than half the city's visitors arrive by 
car. It's the same at many popular destinations--from Colorado's world-
class Rocky Mountain ski resorts to Florida's theme park destination 
resorts.
    The solution starts with a national focus. Better road travel must 
become a national priority.
    We also need better coordination of agencies at all levels of 
government to get projects moving faster. Infrastructure priorities 
don't always carry across state or county lines and multiple layers of 
reviews in multiple jurisdictions continue to create higher costs and 
endless delays.
    For example: I-15 carries 10 million travelers from southern 
California to Las Vegas every year--about a quarter of the city's 
visitors. But what should be a three and a half hour trip can stretch 
to 10 hours or more on a Sunday. One recent New Year's Day, the backup 
extended 18 miles.
    The I-15 Corridor's ability to accommodate increased capacity is 
imperative to the travel experience and can be realized through 
strategic road expansion and support for the Brightline West high-speed 
rail project. Pursuit of an efficient and seamless transportation 
system requires greater coordination across all levels of government to 
foster a 21st century approach that evolves with the dynamic demands of 
our modern world.
    In addition to improved infrastructure, American travel 
destinations must feel more welcoming to travelers from across the 
globe. We must work together and commit to supporting accessible 
travel, resolving visa delays, and addressing workforce shortages.
    Las Vegas' rapid rise as the world's top sports and entertainment 
destination is the culmination of an evolution unlike any we have ever 
seen in our city's history. This transformation resulted from the 
public and private sectors working together to build exciting new 
venues, creating unique experiences that people love, and working 
together to revolutionize the way fans engage with their favorite 
teams.
    In that same spirit, I look forward to working with Members of the 
Subcommittee to drive the next wave of growth in travel and tourism--
and further boost the industry's growing contribution to America's 
economy.
    Thank you, and I look forward to your questions.

    Senator Rosen. Wow. Thank you, Mr. Hornbuckle, and I could 
not agree more to get that Brightline train. We are advocating 
for it. It will move our tourists here, creating billions of 
dollars of economic impact, creating tens of thousands of good 
union-paying jobs, supporting our tourism infrastructure, and, 
I will just tell you, taking, I think, an estimated 400,000 
tons of emissions off that I-15. So we will--we will--we will 
hopefully hear about that soon, but thank you for your 
testimony.
    And now, I would like to introduce our next witness, Sandra 
Douglass Morgan, President of the Las Vegas Raiders. Ms. 
Douglass Morgan is a native Nevadan and was named President of 
the Las Vegas Raiders in July of 2022. She has over 2 decades 
of leadership experience in the sports, gaming, and legal 
sectors, and she has served as a chief regulator, director, 
attorney, and advisor to resorts, casinos, and 
telecommunications companies.
    Prior to joining the Raiders, Ms. Douglass Morgan served as 
Chairwoman of the Nevada Gaming Control Board. She also served 
as a commissioner on the Nevada State Athletic Commission, and 
was the first black city attorney in the State of Nevada when 
she was the chief legal officer for the City of North Las 
Vegas, where she served from 2008 to 2016.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan is widely recognized for her excellence 
and for her commitment to Nevada businesses, to our education, 
and for her support for local causes. She is a recipient of 
several awards and distinctions, including the UNLV Boyd School 
of Law Distinguished Service Alumni Awarded, and the 2012 
Attorney of the Year by the Las Vegas Chapter of the National 
Bar Association, which recognized her for her commitment to 
serving the local community, especially communities of color.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan, thank you for being here today. I am 
so pleased to have you share your knowledge and expertise with 
the Subcommittee, and I now recognize you for your opening 
statement.

   STATEMENT OF SANDRA DOUGLASS MORGAN, PRESIDENT, LAS VEGAS 
                            RAIDERS

    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Thank you, and good morning, Senator 
Rosen and members of the Committee. Thank you for inviting me 
here today to share with you the incredible success story of 
the Las Vegas Raiders, and contrary to what Bill said, our 
collective Allegiant Stadium.
    [Laughter.]
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. It is hard to believe that only 5 
years ago, Allegiant Stadium was still under construction. We 
were eagerly anticipating our first game at the stadium and 
planting roots in the community to ensure that the benefits 
that come with this world-class facility are accessible to all. 
When the pandemic hit, no one could have imagined that we would 
have our first season as the Las Vegas Raiders with no fans in 
the stands and no additional concerts or events to round out 
the schedule. However, despite those obstacles, we are here 
strong 5 years later with results that showed that Nevada made 
an undeniably solid investment into our State's economic 
future.
    The Las Vegas Raiders and Allegiant Stadium have opened the 
door to a broad, new global audience and events we would have 
never dreamed of that we would host in our own city. Taylor 
Swift and Beyonce, as you mentioned, sold out our stadium with 
two shows each, and I personally love all Swifties and the 
Beyhive.
    [Laughter.]
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. K-pop band, BTS, and Black Pink were 
an overwhelming success, and this summer we actually hosted two 
Concacaf summer soccer semifinals. And perhaps the most 
exciting event is on the horizon when we host Super Bowl LVIII 
in 6 short months in February.
    Since opening in 2021, Allegiant Stadium has welcomed more 
than 3 million visitors from over 120 countries, and outside of 
Raider games, those additional events that we needed to bring 
to round out the calendar have grown exponentially with 25 in 
2021, growing to over 40 in 2022. And as of now, we have over 
30 concerts or events on calendar for this year. These events 
bring in meaningful revenue to the State and have generated 
over $29 million in live entertainment tax since 2021.
    We have also seen that these are incremental visitors and 
not just visitors who were already coming to Las Vegas and 
added on the stadium to their itinerary. Since Allegiant 
Stadium opened its doors, 89 percent of stadium attendees said 
the event they attended was their primary reason to visit Las 
Vegas, and 54 percent of the stadium attendees actually 
traveled for the event either to Reid Airport or by vehicle 
transportation that they attended. We estimate that 1.52 
million incremental visitors came to Las Vegas to attend an 
event at the stadium, and that was clear with events like 
Taylor and BTS, which also brought in a very diverse 
demographic, as Bill mentioned, to our stadium and to the 
destination.
    We are happy to have been a part of creating an additional 
demand in this market. That is not only a significant economic 
impact for the State, but also for the businesses in town, both 
small and large, who reap indirect economic benefits of our 
tourism industry. The Raiders organization is committed to 
supporting local and disadvantaged businesses since we entered 
the market, and we are proud of the impact that we have had in 
that space. Since the stadium opened, over 20 percent of the 
food and beverage revenue has been generated by local 
businesses, and over a half a million dollars of the Allegiant 
Stadium Food and Beverage Program has contributed to local 
nonprofit organization revenue. The Stadium Raiders games and 
all the events I mentioned have a combined impact and reach far 
beyond our walls, benefiting a broad cross-section of our 
community.
    The Raider's commitment to diversity is also unwavering, 
and it extends beyond the stadium workforce. Although there 
were specific benchmarks in our community benefits agreement, 
our commitment was never in doubt, given our philosophy and our 
values. We actually exceeded the requirements in the agreement 
with over 60 percent of stadium operator employees being 
minority and female workers on event days. And the upcoming 
Super Bowl will create additional opportunities through the 
Business Connect Program, which includes a commitment that 
businesses contracted for the event must be at least 51 percent 
minority, women, veteran, LGBTQ, or disability owned.
    Outside of the stadium walls, we have been hard at work 
since arriving in Las Vegas supporting youth sports, veterans 
organizations, mental health, and countless other local 
efforts, and since relocating to Las Vegas, we have given over 
$7 million to support local causes. Our players have also taken 
an active role in appearances in the community, especially with 
young students and athletes. As we are committed to inspiring 
the next generation, they know the importance of the role that 
the Raiders play and showing our kids as what--as to what is 
possible.
    The ability to inspire youth in our community and to 
maximize their potential is one of the most vital roles we 
play. We do this because we understand that our commitment to 
excellence includes our dedication to the next generation and 
to the community as a whole. Our success story would be much 
different without the advocacy and support from our 
congressional delegation and, of course, you, Senator Rosen who 
understand firsthand the vital role that travel and tourism 
plays in the health of our State's economy. Ensuring the ease 
of travel to our State through support for our infrastructure 
and working to make the visa process more efficient are both 
essential to ensuring access for our growing international 
football fandom.
    Thank you so much for your steadfast support and helping us 
continue to grow the vibrant sports industry here in Las Vegas.
    [The prepared statement of Ms. Douglass Morgan follows:]

       Prepared Statement of Sandra Douglass Morgan, President, 
                           Las Vegas Raiders
    Good morning Senator Rosen and Members of the Committee:

    Thank you for inviting me to share with you the incredible success 
story of the Las Vegas Raiders and Allegiant Stadium. It's hard to 
believe that five years ago, Allegiant Stadium was still under 
construction. We were eagerly anticipating our first game in the 
stadium, and planting roots in the community to ensure the benefits 
that come with this world-class facility are accessible to all. When 
the pandemic hit, no one could have imagined we would have our first 
season as the Las Vegas Raiders with no fans in the stands, and no 
additional concerts or events to round out the stadium schedule.
    Despite those obstacles, here we are five years later with results 
that show Nevada made an undeniably solid investment in our state's 
economic future. The Las Vegas Raiders and Allegiant Stadium have 
opened the door to a broad new global audience, and events we never 
would have dreamed we could host in our city. Taylor Swift and Beyonce 
sold out our stadium for two shows each. K-POP band BTS was an 
overwhelming success. This summer we hosted the sold-out CONCACAF 
soccer semifinals. And perhaps the most exciting event is on the 
horizon, when we host Super Bowl LVIII in February.
    Since opening in 2021, Allegiant Stadium has welcomed more than 3 
million visitors from more than 122 countries. Outside of Raiders 
games, those additional events we needed to bring to round out the 
calendar have grown exponentially each year, with 25 in 2021, growing 
to 41 in 2022. We have 31 events or concerts on the calendar for this 
year. These events bring meaningful revenue to the state. Since 2021, 
they generated nearly $29 million dollars in Live Entertainment Tax 
alone.
    We have also seen that these are incremental visitors, and not just 
visitors who were already coming to Las Vegas and added us on to their 
itinerary. Since Allegiant Stadium opened its doors, 89 percent of 
stadium attendees said the event they attended was the primary reason 
for their visit to Las Vegas, and 54 percent of stadium attendees said 
they traveled for the event they attended. We estimate that 1.52 
million incremental visitors came to the destination to attend an event 
at the stadium. That was clear with events like Taylor Swift and BTS, 
which brought in a very different demographic to our stadium and the 
destination.
    We're happy to have been a part of creating additional demand in 
the market. That's not only a significant economic impact for the 
state's coffers, but for all the businesses in town who reap the 
indirect economic benefits of our tourism industry. The Raiders 
organization has committed to supporting local and disadvantaged 
businesses since we entered the market, and we're proud of the impact 
we've had in that space. Since the stadium opened, over 20 percent of 
the food and beverage revenue has been generated by local businesses. 
And over $500 thousand dollars of the Allegiant Stadium Food and 
Beverage Program has contributed to local nonprofit organization 
revenue. The stadium, Raiders games and all of the additional events 
have a combined impact and reach far beyond our walls, benefiting a 
broad cross-section of our community.
    The Raiders commitment to diversity is unwavering, and it extends 
to the stadium workforce. Although there were specific benchmarks in 
our Community Benefits Agreement, our commitment was never in doubt 
given our philosophy and values. We actually exceeded the requirements 
in the agreement, with over 60 percent of stadium operator employees 
being minority and female workers on event days. And the upcoming Super 
Bowl will create additional opportunities through the Business Connect 
program, which includes a commitment that businesses contracted for the 
event must be at least 51 percent minority, woman, veteran, LGBTQ or 
disability owned.
    Outside the stadium walls, we have been hard at work since arriving 
in Las Vegas, supporting youth sports, veterans' organizations, youth 
mental health and countless other important local efforts. Since 
relocating to Las Vegas, we have given over $7million dollars in 
support to local causes. And our players have taken an active role in 
appearances in the community, especially with young students and 
athletes. They want to inspire the next generation, and they know the 
importance of the role they play in showing our kids what's possible. 
The ability to inspire youth in our community to maximize their 
potential is one of the most vital roles we play. Since 2018, our 
players have volunteered nearly 1,300 hours in the community--and that 
includes many months when COVID limited those efforts. Again, we do 
this because it will bring up the next generation. It gives youth a 
concrete image of what they can be.
    Our success story would be much different without the advocacy and 
support from our congressional delegation, and you Senator Rosen, who 
clearly understand first-hand the vital role travel and tourism plays 
in the health of our state's economy. Ensuring the ease of travel to 
our state through support for our infrastructure and working to make 
the visa process more efficient are both essential to ensuring access 
for our growing international football fandom. Thank you for your 
steadfast support in helping us continue to grow the vibrant sports 
industry in Las Vegas.

    Senator Rosen. Wow. Thank you, Ms. Morgan. I really 
appreciate that, and I will tell you that, I know a lot of 
Swifties and lots of members of the Beyhive, and they are 
having a great time, and, really, it is great because we are 
diversifying the Las Vegas fan base as well. They see that 
there are so many other things to do when they get here, so 
that is, I would say, building for the future, so thank you for 
your--for your leadership.
    Next, I would like to introduce Ms. Mary Beth Sewald, 
president and CEO of the Vegas Chamber. It is the largest 
business support organization in Nevada focused on helping 
Nevada businesses succeed and create jobs. As president and 
CEO, Ms. Sewald leads the Vegas Chamber in its strategy of 
supporting local businesses and pursuing initiatives to boost 
job growth, a robust economy, and a vibrant community.
    Prior to her leadership at the Vegas Chamber, Ms. Sewald 
served as the president and CEO of the Nevada Broadcasters 
Association, and prior to that, she served as general manager 
of the NBC affiliate in Reno, KRNV. Ms. Sewald was recognized 
as Nevada's first woman to be named television general manager 
in 2003 and was inducted into the Nevada Broadcasters 
Association Hall of Fame in 2009. She currently serves on the 
board of directors for the Nevada Military Support Alliance, 
City National Bank, the Congressional Award of Nevada, and the 
Nevada Broadcasters Association Foundation.
    Ms. Sewald, thank you for your leadership in our community 
and your dedication to building a stronger Nevada economy. I 
recognize you now for your opening remarks.

STATEMENT OF MARY BETH SEWALD, PRESIDENT AND CEO, VEGAS CHAMBER

    Ms. Sewald. Thank you so much, Senator, and, again, I echo 
everyone's sentiments. Thank you so much for your leadership. 
It has made a profound impact on us. Thank you so much, and 
thank you to the other members of the Subcommittee as well.
    I think I might be the only person on the planet who has 
not had the opportunity to see Taylor Swift, so----
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. I did not get to see her either, but I 
know----
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen,--we will go together.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes, we will go together. Thank you.
    The Vegas Chamber was founded in 1911. That is far before 
my time, quite obviously, but it is the largest and most robust 
business association in the entire State of Nevada, 
representing 70 different industry sectors. Vegas Chamber 
members employ approximately a half million Nevadans, and 85 
percent of Vegas Chamber members are small businesses, which we 
define as having 50 or fewer employees. The Small Business 
Administration estimates that Nevada has 283,000 small 
businesses employing about 503,000 workers.
    The mission of the Vegas Chamber is to promote a strong and 
diversified economy by helping attract new businesses, enabling 
existing businesses to expand, and supporting an excellent 
quality of life for Nevada's workers. Before the COVID-19 
pandemic, Las Vegas welcomed 42 million visitors per year. In 
2022, that number decreased to about 38.8 million visitors. Why 
do I say this? Because tourism means local jobs. Our tourism 
industry supports about 229,000 direct jobs and about 359,000 
total jobs. Last year, Nevada's tourism industry supported 
$12.6 billion in direct wages for employees and had a total 
wage impact of $20.1 billion. This economic activity supports 
small businesses in our community who, in turn, employ 
thousands of Nevadans. Our small businesses benefit 
economically from our large tourism sector, providing good-
paying jobs and careers, and many of our members at the Vegas 
Chamber work to support women-and minority-owned businesses by 
providing procurement opportunities and supplier diversity 
programs as well.
    One of the most impactful transformations in our tourism 
industry, bar none, has been the development of the sports 
tourism sector of our economy. In less than a decade, we have 
seen the construction of the T-Mobile arena, Allegiant Stadium, 
and Las Vegas Baseball Park, which has added to our existing 
inventory of sports and entertainment venues. These venues and 
the teams and events that they host create immense 
opportunities for local workers and small businesses.
    Allegiant Stadium was the result of Senate Bill 1 of the 
30th Special Session of the Nevada State Legislature. The 
legislation that came from that legislative session required 
that at least 15 percent of stadium project construction be 
awarded to local small businesses, and that all phases of the 
project operate pursuant to a broad-based community benefits 
plan. In fact, 23 percent of Allegiant Stadium's construction 
was awarded to local small businesses, with $293 million in 
contracts awarded to 168 local small businesses. Further still, 
more than $80 million was awarded to 41 women-and minority-
owned businesses. Perhaps equally as important, the Raiders 
Community Benefits Plan called for 38 percent of the project's 
construction workforce to be minority and female. That number 
ended up being 63 percent.
    In cooperation with the Las Vegas Super Bowl Host 
Committee, the NFL's Biz Connect Program has already identified 
approximately 200 small, women-, and minority-owned businesses 
that are pre-qualified as contractors and subcontractors for 
the big game. And Formula 1's Las Vegas Grand Prix Project has 
been a model of diversity, equity, and inclusion. The database 
of small businesses qualified during the construction of 
Allegiant Stadium and the Super Bowl are the starting point for 
future projects, and Formula 1 has made a 10-year commitment 
and is investing hundreds of millions of dollars in our 
community.
    In the next several months, new projects will open, like 
the Sphere, Formula 1's Las Vegas Grand Prix, and Super Bowl 
LVIII. These large-scale international events benefit our small 
business members that are in construction, food services, 
restaurants, security, public safety, IT, and marketing, just 
to name a few. For example, Jonathan Alvarez is the founder of 
Protective Force International, which is a Las Vegas-based 
private security company. Jonathan is hiring and training 
employees just as fast as he possibly can because of the 
increased demand for his company's services for events like 
Formula 1 and the 2024 Super Bowl. Another example are Patricia 
and Justin Yin. They are the owners of Clean and Green 
Landscape, which is a small business here in Las Vegas. Their 
selection by the Super Bowl's Biz Connect Program ``marked a 
significant turning point for our company and our family. This 
opportunity has been profoundly impactful on both our business 
and our personal journey.'' Dr. Priscilla Johnson is another 
woman-/minority-owned small business in Las Vegas. She and her 
young son founded an eco-friendly cleaning product company 
called Cocoa Shoals. She started at local farmers markets back 
in the day and said that the business landscape in Las Vegas 
has become ``the cornerstone of a transformative opportunity,'' 
giving her the chance to work with these major sports brands 
that could absolutely redefine their entire lives. That is 
absolutely outstanding to be able to say.
    The fact is that without these sporting events, our small 
businesses, which are absolutely the fabric of our community, 
they would not have any chance at all of economic opportunities 
like this that they now have. That is why we must continuously 
invest in our future. I firmly believe that the core of that 
economic success is our small business owners and our 
entrepreneurs in our entire community.
    So with that, I thank you again, Senator Rosen. Thank you 
again for all you do for our community. Thank you very much.
    [The prepared statement of Ms. Sewald follows:]

      Prepared Statement of Mary Beth Sewald, President and CEO, 
                             Vegas Chamber
    Good Morning,

    My name is Mary Beth Sewald, President and CEO of the Vegas 
Chamber. Thank you, Committee Chairwoman Maria Cantwell and a special 
thank you to Subcommittee Chairwoman, Nevada's own, Senator Rosen for 
inviting me today before the subcommittee. I also want to thank Ranking 
Member Ted Budd of the Subcommittee.
    The Vegas Chamber was founded in 1911 and is the largest business 
association in the state of Nevada, representing 70 different industry 
sectors. Vegas Chamber members employ approximately a half million 
Nevadans and 85 percent of Vegas Chamber members are small businesses, 
which we define as having 50 or fewer employees. The Small Business 
Administration estimates that Nevada has 283,000 small businesses, 
employing about 503,000 workers.
    The mission of the Vegas Chamber is to promote a strong and 
diversified economy by helping attract new businesses, enabling 
existing businesses to expand, and supporting a good quality of life 
for Nevada's workers.
    Before the COVID-19 Pandemic, Las Vegas welcomed 42 million 
visitors per year. In 2022, that number was about 38.8 million 
visitors.
    Why do I say this? Because tourism means local jobs. Our tourism 
industry supports about 229,000 direct jobs and 359,000 total jobs. 
Last year, Nevada's tourism industry supported $12.6 billion in direct 
wages for employees and had a total wage impact of $20.1 billion. This 
economic activity supports small businesses in our community, who--in 
turn--employ thousands of Nevadans.
    Our small businesses benefit economically from our large tourism 
sector, providing good-paying jobs and careers. Many of our members 
work to support women and minority-owned businesses by providing 
procurement opportunities and supplier-diversity programs.
    One of the most impactful transformations in our tourism industry 
has been the development of the sports tourism sector of our economy. 
In less than a decade we have seen the construction of the T-Mobile 
Arena, Allegiant Stadium, and Las Vegas Baseball Park, which has added 
to our existing inventory of sports and entertainment venues.
    These venues and the teams and events that they host create 
important opportunities for local workers and small businesses. 
Allegiant Stadium was the result of Senate Bill 1 of the 30th Special 
Session of the Nevada State Legislature. That legislation required that 
at least 15 percent of stadium project construction be awarded to local 
small businesses and that all phases of the project operate pursuant to 
a broad-based community benefits plan.
    In fact, 23 percent of Allegiant Stadium's construction was awarded 
to local small businesses, with $293 million in contracts awarded to 
168 local small businesses. Further still, more than $80 million was 
awarded to 41 women and minority-owned businesses. Perhaps equally 
important, the Raiders' community benefits plan called for 38 percent 
of the project's construction workforce to be minority and female--that 
number ended up being 63 percent.
    In cooperation with the Las Vegas Super Bowl Host Committee, the 
NFL's ``Biz Connect'' program has already identified approximately 200 
small, women and minority-owned businesses that are prequalified as 
contractors and subcontractors for the big game, and Formula 1's Las 
Vegas Grand Prix project has been a model of diversity, equity, and 
inclusion.
    The database of small businesses qualified during the construction 
of Allegiant Stadium and the Super Bowl are the starting point for 
future projects, and Formula 1 has made a 10-year commitment and is 
investing hundreds of millions of dollars in our community.
    In the next several months, new projects with open like Sphere, 
Formula 1's Las Vegas Grand Prix, and Super Bowl LVIII. These large-
scale international events benefit our small business members that are 
in construction, food services, restaurants, security and public 
safety, IT, and marketing.
    For example, Joanathan Alvarez is the founder of Protective Force 
International, which is a Las Vegas-based, private security company. 
Jonathan is hiring and training employees as fast as he can because of 
the increased demand for his company's services for events like Formula 
1 and the 2024 Super Bowl.
    Another example are Patricia and Justin Yin. They're the owners 
``Clean & Green Landscape'' a small business here in Las Vegas. Their 
selection by the Super Bowl's ``Biz Connect'' program ``Marked a 
significant turning point for our company''. This opportunity has been 
profoundly impactful on both our business, and our personal journey.''
    Dr. Priscilla Johnson is another woman, minority-owned, small 
business in Las Vegas. She and her young son founded an eco-friendly 
cleaning product company, ``Coco Shoals''. She started at local 
farmer's markets and says the business landscape in Las Vegas has 
become the cornerstone of a transformative opportunity giving her the 
chance to work with these major sports brands that could ``redefine 
their entire lives''.
    The fact is . . . without these sporting events, our small 
businesses, which are the fabricate of our community would not have the 
economic opportunities that they now have. That is why we must 
continuously invest in our future. I firmly believe that the core of 
that economic success is our small business owners and entrepreneurs.
    I want to thank you for your leadership on this important issue and 
for the honor and opportunity to provide testimony today before this 
Subcommittee.

    Senator Rosen. Thank you, and I also sit on the Small 
Business and Entrepreneurship Committee, and for those of you 
who do not know, 99 percent of businesses in Nevada are 
actually small businesses, as you have heard Ms. Sewald talk 
about. And our business community is robust, and it is thriving 
because of the collaboration and commitment from everyone in 
our community to pull together, and I think that is really 
special.
    And now, to round out our panel, here we sit at the Las 
Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority. Our final witness is 
testifying here today, Mr. Steve Hill, who is the president and 
CEO of the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority. As I 
said, it is an amazing venue where we are holding this hearing 
today. I know he is going to tell us all about it.
    Mr. Hill moved to Las Vegas in 1987 to start Silver State 
Materials, a concrete sand and gravel supplier, and actually 
grew to one of the largest in the country. And so during his 
time with Silver State Materials, and Nevada is the Silver 
State, for those of you who do not know, and is, I think, maybe 
how you got that name?
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. Mr. Hill, of course, was very active in our 
community, serving as chairman of Service First Bank of Nevada, 
chairman of the Las Vegas Chamber of Commerce, commissioner on 
the Nevada Commission on Economic Development, and chairman of 
the Boys and Girls Clubs of Las Vegas. In 2011, Mr. Hill was 
appointed director of the newly-established Governor's Office 
of Economic Development--we call it GOED--by Governor Brian 
Sandoval, and he brought numerous businesses to our State. Mr. 
Hill has also served as chairman of the Southern Nevada's 
Tourism Infrastructure Committee, which led to the approval of 
both the $1.5 billion expansion and renovation of the Las Vegas 
Convention Center, and the $2 billion Allegiant Stadium, 
currently home to the Las Vegas Raiders. He has helped build 
Las Vegas, literally and figuratively, into the sensational 
city that it is today.
    I am thrilled that he is here to share his knowledge and 
expertise with the Subcommittee. Mr. Hill, thank you for being 
here, and I now recognize you for your opening remarks.

     STATEMENT OF STEVE HILL, CEO AND PRESIDENT, LAS VEGAS 
           CONVENTION AND VISITORS AUTHORITY (LVCVA)

    Mr. Hill. Thank you, Chair Rosen, and welcome to the Las 
Vegas Convention Center. You have been here a number of times. 
We are thrilled to have you every time. I want to thank you and 
the members of the Committee for the work that you do, but I 
want to thank you for the leadership that you have provided to 
the Committee and for the tourism industry. This subcommittee 
has brought a focus to the tourism industry that really had 
been missing, and this has helped fill a void, it has helped 
this industry make progress, and we all very much appreciate 
that.
    It is an honor to be here today. It is an honor to be here 
with these panelists, and I look out in the room. Welcome to 
all of you to the convention center as well. There are many 
leaders in our industry in this room today, who would be great 
at this table, too, so it is an honor to be a part of this and 
to represent the hundreds of thousands of people who work in 
this industry in this great city.
    You know this, but tourism is the economic engine of not 
only Las Vegas, but of Nevada. We have worked, and I have been 
on the other side of this, trying to, and successfully at some 
level, diversifying the economy of Nevada. That has worked over 
the past several decades, but it is important that this 
industry continue to thrive. If it does not, all of Nevada 
suffers. We saw that during COVID. We set a record for 
unemployment for any State since unemployment had been recorded 
back into 50s, for our unemployment rate in April of 2020. It 
was 30.4 percent. When this industry suffers, this entire State 
suffers, and when this industry thrives, this State thrives as 
well.
    The diversification of this industry has really accelerated 
over the past decade or so. The meetings and trade show 
industry, which is so critical, has continued to grow. During 
the pandemic, our city collectively added about 30 percent to 
the meeting space. That was in response to customer demand. 
People wanted--people, their meetings, trade shows want to be 
in Las Vegas. This city recognized that, so we have increased 
our meeting square footage from an 11-and-a-half million square 
feet to 15 million square feet. Entertainment has become a 
central attraction to our city, and sports has, obviously, as 
everyone has mentioned, been a big part of our growth recently.
    I do think it is important to point out that there is a 
long history of sports in Las Vegas. There were people who set 
the stage for us, from boxing, from UNLV 30 years ago, winning 
a national championship in basketball, in golf over the years. 
We are standing on their shoulders. UFC is a remarkable story 
over the past 20 or 25 years in this community. NASCAR, golf, 
all of those happened prior to the professional teams that have 
come just over the last number of years. What Bill Foley has 
done and the success that the Golden Knights have had is 
remarkable. Mark Davis' commitment to come to Nevada, to bring 
the NFL and the Raiders to our city, and to build Allegiant 
Stadium and to invest a billion-and-a-quarter dollars into our 
city has made a huge difference. I have said often that we 
would not have Formula 1 if we did not have Allegiant Stadium. 
We have proven what we can do because of Allegiant Stadium, and 
it has doubled what we had originally projected from a 
performance standpoint.
    So it is important for us to have these reasons for people 
to visit Las Vegas, both domestically and internationally, but 
it is also important that that experience be as seamless as 
possible, and Mr. Hornbuckle mentioned these topics, but I want 
to reinforce them. Visa clearance, expediting that, and we 
appreciate your help in not only pushing that issue, but 
pushing the expedited opportunity for visa clearance for people 
who are going to attend meetings and trade shows here. They 
would not be able to without that. That has been a problem that 
has cropped up over the last number of years. It needs to get 
fixed. As we try and bring, long-haul flights, international 
flights back, it is difficult to do, and they do not know if 
they are going to have passengers who can clear the 
requirements that it takes in order to be on those planes to 
fly. It is an obstacle to overcome that is really important for 
us.
    I-15 clearly is an issue. We want to thank you for your 
support for Brightline. That is a critical next step. The 
Federal money that has been made available in the Rail Fund 
that has not been spent over a number of years is there and 
available, and if that is committed soon, this project will 
happen, and it is really important. It is not only important 
for Las Vegas and the visitors that come here. It takes cars 
off that road. That is a big part of the supply chain to the 
United States, the entire Western United States. This will help 
States from all across the country if this project happens, so 
we appreciate your support there. We have more work to do in 
that corridor, but it is a problem that we are working on. We 
appreciate your partnership there and your leadership. I know 
we will make progress.
    Thank you for the opportunity to be here today. I look 
forward to continuing to work with you.
    [The prepared statement of Mr. Hill follows:]

    Prepared Statement of Steve Hill, CEO and President, Las Vegas 
               Convention and Visitors Authority (LVCVA)
    Thank you, Chairwoman Rosen and Ranking Member Scott for inviting 
me before the subcommittee today to speak on the economic impacts of 
the sports and entertainment economy in Las Vegas. I also want to thank 
Chairwoman Cantwell and Ranking Member Cruz of the full committee. We 
appreciate the work of your subcommittee and the spotlight it puts on 
the importance of the tourism industry.
    Tourism and hospitality are vital to the U.S. economy, and in 
Nevada this industry and the people it employs are central to the 
state's prosperity. In fact, Las Vegas relies more on a single 
industry--the tourism and hospitality industry--than any other city. 
Las Vegas continues to diversify its economy; the city has made 
progress. But tourism remains our economic engine and our largest 
regional employer. Directly and indirectly, tourism employs 26 percent 
of all Las Vegans--and provides tax revenue that funds approximately 35 
percent of the state's budget. Approximately 39 million visitors spent 
$44.9 billion in Las Vegas in 2022 and had an overall economic impact 
of $79 billion. While visitor counts did not quite reach pre-pandemic 
levels, the amount spent on tourism-related activities reached new 
heights. Our city is a case study of the economic progress a 
destination can make when its public and private organizations are all 
invested and work cooperatively to reach a singular goal. Clearly, it 
is crucial the Las Vegas tourism industry continues to thrive.
    Las Vegas became a tourism town in the 1930s when Hoover Dam 
workers traveled on the weekends to play in the city's casinos. The 
industry began its real growth when to draw visitors to Las Vegas 
during the slow weekday periods, the legislature agreed to finance the 
construction of the Las Vegas Convention Center. As the Resort Corridor 
expanded, the convention center--the only building large enough to 
accommodate both the largest trade shows and the largest sports 
events--became the entertainment nerve center of the city, hosting the 
earliest boxing matches, basketball, and rodeos.
    As Las Vegas has expanded to accommodate every type of traveler, 
our destination has become one of the world's premier meetings and 
conventions destinations. The 150,000-square-foot convention center Las 
Vegas opened in 1959 is now 2.5 million square feet, hosting some of 
the largest meetings and trade shows in the world. Trade show producers 
choose Las Vegas because our destination is purpose-built for their 
needs, with entertainment and world-class dining all along our eight-
mile stretch from the south end of the Strip to Downtown. In fact, 
according to Trade Show News Network, Las Vegas has been named the No. 
1 Trade Show Destination in North America for over 25 years. Combined 
with our resort partners' spaces, our destination now totals 15 million 
square feet of convention space, up from 11.5 million in 2019. Our city 
also has more than 150,000 hotel rooms and event venues totaling 
590,000 seats.
    Last year, 5 million people attended conventions, spending $7.5 
billion, supporting $2.1 billion in wages, and contributing to an 
overall economic impact of $13.2 billion. And we continue to grow: In 
2021, the Las Vegas Convention Center added 750,000 net square feet--
our new West Hall--and is now investing $600 million to renovate 1.9 
million square feet of our legacy campus.
    Las Vegas has a rich history of delivering sports and entertainment 
to a global audience. This community has expertise in hosting events 
spanning back to the Rat Pack era, countless Elvis appearances, and 
blockbuster boxing matches. Those were the types of events that set the 
stage for what happened next. UFC, headquartered in Las Vegas, was 
founded nearly 30 years ago and has grown that organization and sport 
as a whole into a multibillion-dollar business. In the mid-1990s, the 
first NASCAR race took place at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway. In 2004, 
Las Vegas welcomed the NBA Summer League, which continues today. In 
2017, Bill Foley brought the Vegas Golden Knights, Las Vegas' first 
major professional franchise. The NFL's Raiders and WNBA's Aces have 
followed. This city is also on the verge of welcoming MLB's Athletics. 
Minor league teams in a wide range of sports, including baseball, 
continue to drive demand for local and visitor dollars. Importantly, 
sports-related activities extend well beyond the high-profile nature of 
professional sports as exhibition, youth, and other sporting events 
play a key role. Turning specifically to entertainment, Las Vegas is 
synonymous with some of the most well-known bands, acts, and talent to 
perform. In fact, concert residencies of today were started by Liberace 
right here in Las Vegas in 1944. Headliners continue to fill seats 
throughout the Las Vegas Valley, and high-profile performers such as 
Rolling Stones, Taylor Swift, BTS, Elton John, and Bad Bunny packed 
Allegiant Stadium.
    Sports and entertainment activity falls within the broader tourism 
industry and has been a key driver of our post-pandemic recovery; the 
profile of visitors and their propensity to attend sports and 
entertainment events has changed forever. During 2022, approximately 
one out of 10 visitors cited attending a special event or sporting 
event as the primary purpose of their trip to Las Vegas. Additionally, 
30 percent of visitors attended a show and six percent attended a 
sporting event while in town. At the same time, 16 percent of visitors 
watched a sporting event while in town at a sportsbook, watch party or 
on television.
    Allegiant Stadium has propelled the sports and entertainment 
industry in Las Vegas forward. Since its opening in 2020, the venue has 
hosted nearly 3.2 million attendees across a wide range of events, 
including NFL games (1.1 million), UNLV football games (174,000), 
concerts (1.0 million) and other events (0.9 million). Among notable 
ticketed events, more than half of attendees during the past year 
indicated they were from out of town, with over 80 percent of those 
visitors indicating that the event was the primary reason for their 
travel. Actual visitor counts for the stadium exceeded initial 
estimates by 19 percent and the number of incremental visitors (those 
that would not have come but for the stadium) exceeded early 
expectations by 93 percent. Between greater visitor counts and elevated 
spending levels, economic activity more than doubled and job counts 
increased by a third from original estimates. During the past year, the 
visitor impacts sourced to those travelers alone equate to $1.8 billion 
in economic activity, $440 million in wages, and 7,900 jobs.
    Growing Las Vegas into a premier sports destination has laid the 
groundwork for our coming special events. The Formula One Las Vegas 
Grand Prix in November is estimated to have an economic impact of $1.3 
billion in its first year, $360 million of which will be wages paid to 
local workers. The Super Bowl, which Las Vegas will host in February 
2024, is forecast to have an economic impact of over $600 million and 
will support over $200 million in local wages. We're preparing to host 
the inaugural NBA In-Season Tournament, an event that will draw 
thousands more winter visitors. And in the last year, we secured the 
NCAA Men's Final Four for 2028. We are attracting more and more 
international sports fans with recent events such as Concacaf's Nations 
League Finals in June, which was estimated to bring $39 million in 
direct visitor spending to the city in only three days, with an 
estimated overall economic impact of $68.4 million.
    The LVCVA's research shows that Las Vegas visitors stay longer and 
spend more when they come to see sports. Our guests who attend a show 
or other entertainment activity indicate they spent nearly $310 per 
trip specifically on those activities--a 785 percent increase from the 
prior year. In fact, the visitor who attends a sporting event in Las 
Vegas spends, on average, 25 percent more than other tourists.
    Sporting events can also drive incremental visitation and economic 
activity among travelers who may not otherwise have planned to visit or 
were even willing to consider Las Vegas as a destination. Sports has 
provided an entirely new reason to visit Las Vegas, expanding our 
portfolio of offerings and our potential customer base.
    The largest impediment to attracting visitors and large events to 
Las Vegas, both internationally and domestically, is the travel 
required to get here.
    Internationally, travel to the United States for first-time, non-
immigrant visitors is often contingent on obtaining travel visas. As 
the country continues its post-pandemic recovery in terms of 
international visitation, wait times for B1 and B2 visa interviews, 
which can span well over one (1) year in certain key markets such as 
Brazil, Mexico, and India, are preventing visitors from visiting Las 
Vegas. U.S. Travel Association reports that the United States will lose 
close to 6.6 million visitors in 2023 due to visa interview wait times 
and that over 65 percent of visitors from the key markets will travel 
elsewhere rather than wait for their visa interviews to travel to the 
United States.
    We appreciate the efforts that Chairwoman Rosen has initiated to 
assist with the visa processing issues affecting our potential visitors 
and large events. The Omnibus Travel and Tourism Act, which the 
Chairwoman co-sponsored and which passed late last year through the 
2023 Omnibus Appropriations bill, will undoubtedly help alleviate visa 
processing delays as it establishes a senior Federal official position 
within the Commerce Department to focus specifically on travel and 
tourism. Additionally, Chairwoman Rosen has assisted in establishing a 
program through the Visa Business Office which coordinates expedited 
visa interviews for confirmed attendees of large tradeshows and 
conventions. As we seek not only full recovery of pre-pandemic 
international visitation numbers, but growth from them, we need to 
lower visitor visa wait times to less than thirty (30) days, while 
modernizing national security measures with new and available 
technology, so that the visitors who want to visit the United States, 
and Las Vegas specifically, can get here.
    Domestically, travel is also a major impediment to visitation. 
Southern California remains the top feeder market for visitors to Las 
Vegas, accounting for twenty-seven percent (27 percent) of visits to 
the destination. Ground transportation through Interstate-15 proves 
problematic for our visitors with 20+ mile backups common for return 
drives to California following holidays and major events. The proposed 
Brightline West high-speed rail project connecting Las Vegas and 
Southern California will help alleviate highway crowding that may deter 
visitors and remove an estimated three million vehicles and over 700 
million vehicle miles from this important artery. We ask that the 
United States Department of Transportation fully fund the project.
    The nearly 70 miles of planned underground Vegas Loop tunnels 
funded privately by The Boring Company will transport guests from their 
resorts to venues all over the city and will also be part of that 
solution.
    Tourism works, grows, and thrives in Southern Nevada thanks to the 
collaboration among all our private and public partners including our 
local, state, and Federal elected leaders and their staffs, public 
safety officials, and our resort partners.
    Thank you, Senator Rosen, for your leadership and unwavering 
commitment to the tourism industry. We are also grateful to our entire 
Nevada Federal delegation who understand the impact tourism has on 
local and U.S. economies. Thank you again for inviting the LVCVA to 
tell the Las Vegas tourism story.

    Senator Rosen. Wow. Thank you. Again, tourism is a top 
economic driver. We do need an all-of-the-above approach, from 
our broadband, our infrastructure, our workforce, our labor 
workforce, our STEM workforce, every other kind of workforce, 
our visa processing, and, of course, investment for our small 
businesses.
    So with that, we are going to turn it over to some 
questions, and let us talk a little bit about what you all are 
actually doing and what we can do going forward. So, you know, 
we want to keep bringing marquee events to Las Vegas, and 
according to UNLV's Center for Business and Economic Research 
and UNLV Sports Innovation--I do not have to tell anybody 
here--Las Vegas is increasingly becoming more and more of a 
sports destination with the capacity to seats hundreds of 
thousands of fans in professional sports arenas. That indicates 
an impressive potential for sports employment.
    So each of you are industry leaders with many years of 
experience, so, Mr. Hornbuckle, I am going to start with you. 
Can you help us understand the process of getting marquee 
events and large sporting events to come to Las Vegas? And we 
will start with you, and then we will go on to Mr. Hill and Ms. 
Sewald.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Thank you, Senator. The process, and I 
think Steve said this well, and it was said maybe collectively, 
it truly takes a village. And I think when people think about 
Las Vegas now as a destination and a place to bring something 
like the Super Bowl, or Formula 1, or many of the other things 
we have had the privilege of hosting, you know, our hotels run 
93 percent. So the infrastructure that is already here, the 
proximity to rooms, the ease and convenience of transit and 
activity is a world renowned, so what is important about us is 
protecting that and trying to make it better.
    So to me, Las Vegas knows how to do these things, and it is 
proving it over and over, and with the exception of maybe 
Formula 1, which is a little disruptive, and it will continue 
to be, I might add, but it will be an amazing catalyst. The 
opportunity to put an event, which I would arguably say is an 
operative, is the second worst weekend of the year for us, and 
put an event that I can speak to our properties, will be 4X the 
revenue stream, a normal event weekend, and normal weekend 
would be, never mind the second worst weekend of the year, is a 
stellar economic--between it and Super Bowl, we are talking 
about $2 billion of economic activity. Our pre-bookings into it 
are the biggest thing for Formula 1 we have ever seen in our 
history by a wide margin. And so we are extremely excited by 
what that brings, but it does take everyone pulling together. 
And I think what is relevant maybe to you and where you can be 
helpful----
    Senator Rosen. I just want to ask you before you finish, 
what----
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Yes.
    Senator Rosen.--what can Congress do, and then I will add 
that onto the other questions as well.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Yes. Well, I think what is relevant, 
particularly for this committee and your committee members, you 
know, as I have gotten involved through tourism with Secretary 
Raimondo, it has quickly come to my, not attention, but my 
understanding, a whole-of-government approach is needed when it 
comes to tourism. It just is. What happens in Commerce, it 
needs all of the other departments, whether it is 
Transportation or Homeland Security, to participate.
    And so what can be helpful, go back to--starts with visas, 
starts with the journey here. It starts with safety and 
security around these events. Obviously, we at MGM resorts are 
extremely focused on that, given the god awful thing that did 
happen October 1. And so making sure that not only the 
community is ready to host these, but particularly on those two 
events. And I will bring to your attention there is for the 
Super Bowl, something called a Special Events Accessibility 
Rating.
    Senator Rosen. A SEAR.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. SEAR.
    Senator Rosen. We call it the SEAR rating.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. It is a 1. We are petitioning to get 
Formula 1, which, to me, has far more logistical moving parts 
across a broad spectrum of the city, to at least a 2, which 
will give us some economic funding, some coordination from some 
of the national agencies that we so rely on to host these kind 
of events. And so anything I think you could do there would be 
very appreciative and hopefully be meaningful for us as we go 
forward. You know, Steve has been the architect of many of 
these broader deals, and so I want to thank him for his 
leadership on that, and, presumably, he could better tell some 
of the story on how they kind of came together.
    Senator Rosen. And that is what I was going to say. Mr. 
Hill, how do we get the marquee events here, large sporting 
events, and what can I do to help?
    Mr. Hill. Well, thank you, Chair Rosen. Thanks for the kind 
words, Mr. Hornbuckle, and, as you say, this is a--you know, 
this is something Las Vegas does. We have had decades of 
practice. We have thousands of workers who know how to put 
these events on. It is--if the opportunity is there, the folks 
who are putting on these events see how much it means to them 
to be in Las Vegas. And so I often say, and I completely mean 
this, I have the easiest product in the world to sell. We just 
often get the answer to the phone and then work with the entire 
community to figure out how to put the event--bring it here, 
and put it on. It is also somewhat easier in Las Vegas for a 
couple of reasons. This city was built as a platform for 
events. The airport is right there. All these hotel rooms are 
within a 4-square-mile area. You can--the experience around the 
event is so much better because of the logistics in Las Vegas, 
then--it has the opportunity to be in other great cities, but 
in other great cities, when you go to these fantastic events, 
that is what you do that day. It is--it is work to get there, 
it is a fantastic experience, and then it is work to go home, 
and it takes the entire day, where here you can surround that 
with so much more, and it is just such an advantage for Las 
Vegas.
    The other is our industry is typically more consolidated 
and has a long history of working together. Understanding that 
when we all come together and support Las Vegas, we can compete 
for the customer after they have come, but let us all work 
together to bring them. That is a different environment and it 
has different leadership here than we see in many other cities. 
And so that has been very helpful as well.
    I will point out a couple of things, a little bit 
repetitive from Mr. Hornbuckle, but in thinking about bringing 
events here, we are not only--they have to think about bringing 
the visitors here, but the event itself, and particularly, for 
example, CES or the National Association of Broadcasters. Those 
exhibitors come from all over the globe, and it is not only the 
people that are coming. It is all of their freight, all of 
their workforce, everything that supports them being here. So 
it is not just people moving. It is the freight movement as 
well, but it is the certainty of, you know, if they are going 
to have 10 people man a booth, they need to be able--if they 
are going to sign up and pay for that space, pay for the booth, 
pay to set it up, they need to know that their workforce is 
going to be able to clear the visa process as an example. And 
that uncertainty is slowing the growth, or the recovery, 
really, of the media and trade show industry. That would be 
very helpful.
    I want to thank you for moving the FAA reauthorization 
forward recently. That was critical. The reliability of flights 
in our airport matters tremendously. So those types of efforts 
and partnerships really matter.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you, and, Ms. Sewald, you know, we 
think about the small businesses. It takes--as we think about 
conventions or some of our vendors in different places that it 
takes to support these major events, what is the process for 
our business community to help here, and what can we do here to 
help in Congress?
    Ms. Sewald. Well, thank you Senator, Rosen. Yes. Yes, 
ma'am. You know, I would--I would echo what Mr. Hornbuckle said 
and Mr. Hill. It does take everyone. I come at it from a 
slightly different approach. I am on the board of the LVCVA, so 
I knew that Steve was going to say, you know, he has the 
easiest job in the world, but, truly as a board member, a lot 
of times we sit back and watch him and his team work because 
they are tremendous at what they do, and it is truly 
astonishing. So first, I just wanted to say that about Steve 
and his entire team.
    We do have a world-class global community here. Our small 
businesses are the fabric of that community, and for a lot of 
them, it means the world for them to have access to other 
world-class global organizations like the Raiders, like Formula 
1, and like the Super Bowl. The Biz Connect Program at the 
Super Bowl Super Bowl Host Committee is probably, which I 
mentioned in my testimony, that is probably one of the most 
impactful projects that has ever come along for our local 
business community here. And so for them to get engaged through 
our Chamber, through other chambers across Southern Nevada, has 
been probably the most impactful thing for them, and it truly 
is life changing.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you. Before we move onto another 
topic, I am going to ask each one of you, and we will start 
with Mr. Hill and go back down to everyone, quickly, like you 
said, now we are planning these things. We have not done it 
before, so what are the challenges you did not expect that 
arose, and what are some of the best practices, that you are 
using that maybe I should be hearing about and we can partner 
with you to be sure we potentiate those best practices. So we 
will just go down the road quickly, please.
    Mr. Hill. Yes. Thanks, Chair Rosen. I will mention 
Formula--a couple of things about Formula 1 first, and I want 
to start by echoing Mr. Hornbuckle's request for assistance on 
the SEAR rating. It matters. It is a theme. Security around 
major events is a much more complex topic than, most people 
would think about. It was much more complex than I realized 
before getting involved with this, and the Federal Government's 
assistance is critical. Obviously, the Federal Government is 
monitoring bad actors across the globe. They are looking at 
these events. Having access to that information is a part of 
that SEAR process. It is really important that that Federal 
resource is provided to this city as we move forward.
    Everything around transportation is more difficult than it 
seems for an event of 60,000 or a hundred thousand. We have 
events here that have 120,000, 160,000 people come. The 
assistance that we get, from a transportation standpoint, is 
exceptionally helpful. People think about that typically in 
terms of ground transportation, but everything around the 
airlines, including pending pilot shortages and shortages there 
that are very difficult to recover from once they get started 
because it takes so long. So thinking about how to expedite the 
workforce issues is important, too, and I may have stolen your 
thunder on that one. Sorry.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. That is okay. You can steal my thunder.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes. I would--I would echo what Steve said, but 
also Congress supporting initiatives like Brand USA, National 
Travel and Tourism Office. Those are things from a tourism 
standpoint that we--absolutely would be very impactful for our 
destination. Also, we have talked a lot about I-15 and funding 
Brightline, the project that we had our press conference this 
week. We are very hopeful that that will happen as well.
    You know, and drilling down to a more local level, at the 
Vegas Chamber, our members still consistently tell us that 
workforce continues to be a problem. And so while we are very 
excited at the demand and the influx of and the increase in 
tourism and so forth, keeping up with that demand remains a 
challenge for our local employers. And so I think that is one 
of the areas--one of the key areas where the Vegas Chamber is 
working with our partners at Workforce Connections to help 
shore up those challenges.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you. Ms. Douglass Morgan, please.
    Ms. Morgan. Thank you, Madam Senator. I would have to echo 
Mr. Hill and Ms. Sewald's comments as well. Obviously, 
improvements and making sure that they are expedited with 
respect to I-15 so people can kind of come in and out of the 
stadium would be of great importance, the Brightline Project as 
well, and just making sure that our international airport 
continues to be top notch. As we plan for the Super Bowl, 
obviously transportation concerns are, are top of mind to 
making sure that some of the people maybe that have never come 
to Vegas before have a great experience. So I would just echo 
their comments with respect to that.
    Senator Rosen. Mr. Hornbuckle?
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Thank you, Senator. Echoing the same but 
focusing on workforce for a moment, it is not just small 
business, I can assure you. We spent most of last year 5,000 
employees short, give or take, if we had had our druthers. We 
have managed that number down in half, and now we are managing 
our programs, our people, and our service based on what we can 
and cannot do when it comes, and that is a normal circumstance. 
When it comes now to staffing up for something like the Super 
Bowl or any of these events, it is an ongoing struggle.
    And so one of the things and where you can be helpful, and, 
ultimately, obviously, the Committee and Congress in general, 
Senators Klobuchar and Moran put together a visa bill, which I 
think, in the context of keeping visa--the permitting program 
and how you can still do this alive for another year or so--I 
know there are security issues tied to that, but I think is 
critical. It just gives the underpinning of people, resource, 
and focus, particularly in the service sector. Hospitality is 
about a million-and-a-half jobs short, probably down to a 
million at best case scenario right now.
    So we never rebounded from COVID, full stop, and so the 
industry and--look, we have the good fortune of running places 
like Bellagio, where it is an attractive place for an employer 
to get employees, and we struggle there. And so you start 
getting down to some of the smaller venues, some of the smaller 
hospitality contingents throughout the country, and 
particularly here in Southern Nevada, it is a challenge. And so 
any help with even helping and keeping that program alive could 
be meaningful for another year or so.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you. Those are really good things to 
think about. One of my other committees is a Homeland Security 
Committee, where we work on what we call the SEAR ratings for 
special events, and also on what we call our Urban Area 
Security Initiative, or UASI grants. Those are the formulas for 
funding for big events like you might see on New Year's Eve 
here at--in Las Vegas, where the whole Las Vegas Strip is 
closed down, or now we are going to have Formula 1, is very 
similar, the Super Bowl, and other large events. So improving 
those ratings, we have been working on that, trying to improve 
our formula overall so that all of Las Vegas is recognized in 
this way to be sure that we have the resources we need to put 
on a safe, fun, and, I will say, fabulous because it is 
fabulous Las Vegas--a fun, safe, and fabulous event, so thank 
you for those. And of course, we have a lot of things--Travel 
America, our one-stop-shop for people coming in, visa--we will 
continue to work on those issues.
    But I want to focus a little bit now, we got Formula 1, we 
got the Super Bowl, and, so we are going to talk a little bit 
now about attracting our visitors to sporting events because 
the value of the Las Vegas Raiders, I think it has increased, 
just a little bit. And, actually it is 76 percent over the past 
3 years since the team's relocation from Oakland, California. 
Its value grew from $2.9 billion in 2019 to $5 billion in 2022, 
and last year, I am pleased to say overall attendance at 
Allegiant Stadium, like you have talked about, topping in 
around 1.7 million. And so, Ms. Douglass Morgan, I know you 
talked about in your opening statement, you know, the positive 
impacts the Raiders have had, if you want to talk about that a 
little bit more. But really, now that you are here in this job 
and part of this community, of course born and raised here, how 
do sports teams attract new residents to our state?
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Yes. Thank you for the question, 
Senator, and I have been here since I was 2, so it is pretty 
much raised. But, you know, these are--absolutely, these are 
things and opportunities now that I have been able to have a 
little over a year with the team to see what true impact it has 
on our Nevada community, and it does not just include Southern 
Nevada. It is northern as well.
    We have--I cannot help but mention Bo Bernhard and the 
great partnership that we have at UNLV and their sports 
innovation group, and really giving students here a pipeline to 
actually have more exposure in the sports management 
opportunities. Those are things that I did not have as a child 
here. I knew that there were opportunities, obviously, in 
hospitality, and if there were other things, I would have to go 
out of State for that. We are actually offering a pipeline now 
for children and students to have a career in sports, physical 
therapy, our physicians. There is an entire operation obviously 
that goes into running an NFL team, and we have been able to do 
that with respect to our football team.
    With respect to our events and concerts, there are 
obviously careers in stadium operations and gaming experiences. 
And so just seeing people having another opportunity for other 
job opportunities, which is why it is so important to diversify 
our economy, has been great and really personally fulfilling 
for me as well. Being able to come and go to a Raider game and 
walk over the Hacienda Bridge, thanks to Bill, and go to an 
Aces game, and then being able to have someone--a family 
experience all of that in one day is something that we did not 
have 10 years ago. And I think that appeal definitely would 
help hopefully continue to grow our Southern Nevada resident 
base.
    Senator Rosen. And let us not forget our world-class 
restaurants as you are working up an appetite going from event 
to event, right?
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Mm-hmm.
    Senator Rosen. So I am going to ask the remainder or three 
of you on the panel, Mr. Hill, Hornbuckle, and Ms. Sewald, just 
briefly, a few sentences, again, the economic impact of sports. 
We hope a few more things are coming, but, we have got plenty 
here to be proud of and lots of fun things to do.
    Mr. Hill. Chair Rosen, the economic impact of sports has 
been dramatic and has been one of the driving reasons that we 
have done so well coming out of COVID. It supports directly 
40,000 jobs in this community, big companies, small jobs, and 
that is why we do it, you know. What we do in the tourism 
industry, ultimately, is for this community. It is to provide 
great jobs, it is to provide a great quality of life, and there 
is no place better to do that than here in Las Vegas.
    Senator Rosen. [technical issue] emphasize economics of 
sports.
    Ms. Sewald. Thank you, Senator. It is so true, and when I 
look around this room alone, too, I see people who have had 
opportunities, like Shaundell Newsome of Sumnu Marketing. He 
has had opportunities to work with Super Bowl, Super Bowl Host 
Committee. Things like these would never come across the stage 
if not for the work of the LVCVA, Mr. Hill, and having the 
influx of the sporting events that we have. The Raiders, we 
could not be more proud of them. It really has put our small 
business community on the global stage, and it truly does 
change lives for the better. And so we hear these stories every 
single day.
    Senator Rosen. Mr. Hornbuckle?
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Maybe just a macro thought. You know, most 
sporting events are 3 hours, give or take. People do not come 
to Las Vegas for 3 hours. They come for 3 days, and just think 
of the extension on that, and that is how people think about 
it.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-Hmm.
    Mr. Hill. When I first started, 85 percent of people said, 
why are you going to Las Vegas? I am going to gamble. Today, 
Steve, that number is than 10 percent. Like, when he does polls 
every year, the vast majority of them come for an event, which 
is a 3-day event, irrespective of how long the actual sports 
takes place. And so that economic driver, when you can go into 
T-Mobile on a Tuesday night, and the Canadians are in or the 
Winnipeg Jets, and you can see as many red or blue jerseys as 
you see black and gold, you know it is working. I love it. I am 
not so sure Bill Foley does.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hornbuckle. I am not so sure. Like, the Denver Broncos 
bring a lot of people last time I checked. There are local fans 
who still like the Broncos. Maybe you got to work on that.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hornbuckle. But the point is there are thousands of 
people who are coming for an extended stay. They do not come 
for 3 hours, they come for 3 days, and that extension has just 
been so meaningful to all of us.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you. Well, I am going to talk about--
we have talked about the hospitality, the sports, our economic 
impact on small businesses. But here we sit--here we sit at the 
beautiful convention center, and we know Las Vegas ranks among 
the country's top cities for our convention business. I know 
you can--you talk about this all the time, but it is pretty 
mind blowing to think that we have more than 15 million square 
feet of meeting and exhibit space, and I think you are 
continuing to grow just a little bit, right?
    And so we are so proud to host CES, the most influential 
tech event in the world. I am proud to lead a group of senators 
there every year for the past few years, and last year, we had 
over 115,000 attendees, and it exceeded even the most 
optimistic projections, and I know you have more than--more to 
come. Last year, I believe you secured 14 new trade shows to 
take place. New trade shows. That is in addition to the ones 
you already have through fall of 2029, including companies like 
Nike, Fabtech, and Money20/20. So how do you go about the 
process of talking nationally and internationally to people 
about who we are, what we have, how we have grown, and how you 
can have a great 3 or 4 days here as an add-on to your 
convention?
    Mr.Hill. Chair Rosen, thank you for that question.
    Senator Rosen. And how can I help you make that even 
better? We will just give you --that is a two-part question for 
you.
    Mr. Hill. Thank you. We are not only among the top trade 
show cities in the United States, we are by a long way the top 
trade shows city and have been for 27 straight years. We have 
42 of the top 250 trade shows in the country here in Las Vegas 
between the three main--major convention centers. We have three 
of the top nine convention centers in the United States, all in 
Las Vegas. Again, it is an easy product to sell.
    The people who have meetings, trade shows, recognize what 
Las Vegas does for them. We have great sales teams. We work in 
great partnership with not only our resort partners, but Metro 
and Clark County Fire, everything in this community, the 
airport, the RTC, that it takes to put these shows on, and we 
work together to attract those shows to Las Vegas. The city has 
been exceptionally successful.
    What we talked about earlier, making that trip easy, 
comfortable, seamless is really where our partnership with the 
Federal Government really meets. And so, you know, the 
international recovery that we talked about is important, the 
transportation infrastructure, the support from a security 
standpoint are all exceptionally appreciated, and even more 
would be helpful.
    Senator Rosen. I know we are going to talk about this 
later, but we did pass into law, through my committee and our 
tourism omnibus, the creation of a new position, the assistant 
secretary in the Department of Commerce, that is going to take 
all of these factors into consideration, whether it is visa, 
transportation, IT, workforce, labor, STEM, sports, small 
business, security. And so we know that all of that matters, 
and we will continue to work with you on that.
    But job growth, we are here to talk--we heard the Vegas 
chamber talking about it. We know we have a lot of jobs that 
are still open. We want to continue to grow jobs, diversify our 
economy, and so there has really been a significant job growth 
because of the sports events. And researchers at UNLV 
conservatively forecast a 12.4 percent increase in employment 
within performing arts, spectator sports, and related 
industries for 2022 to 2030. This equates to nearly 3,000 
permanent jobs by some estimates and indicates a promising 
future for job seekers, for individuals interested in career 
paths in sports economy.
    Like I said, it takes a physical therapist. You talked 
about a lot of the jobs, but it takes IT, marketing. There are 
a lot of things that happen behind the scenes. And so this is a 
question maybe for all the witnesses if you think you have 
something to say about it. I am going to start with you, Ms. 
Douglass Morgan. Elaborate a little bit more on the types of 
jobs that people might not think that come because of the 
sports or entertainment, maybe the people who build the shows, 
all of that that really are--they come here because of our 
sports economy.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Sure. Thank you, Senator Rosen, and I 
kind of briefly touched on this in my--in my prior remarks, but 
the kind of new jobs that are going to be and that have been 
created by our sports economy are truly limitless. And there 
are additional ones every day as technology continues to kind 
of--we use that to immerse with the customer service experience 
in the stadium, and I am sure at the arenas at T-Mobile as 
well. So every single industry is really impacted.
    For us, we look at sports therapists, architects, 
engineers, construction management, event planners, and the 
list could truly go on and on. And the best part, again, is 
being able to show these to our Southern Nevada and Nevada 
residents as well, and giving them exposure to these potential 
job --different job opportunities.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you. Events planner. Maybe you can get 
married at one of the sporting events. You can sure get 
engaged.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Oh, we have----
    Senator Rosen. You put them on the big screen, right?
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Engaged, married, just hopefully not 
divorced.
    [Laughter.]
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. But everything actually, yes, we can--
we can host type of any event, yes.
    Senator Rosen. Put it on the kiss cam.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Yes.
    Senator Rosen. You have the kiss cam, right?
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Yes, absolutely.
    Senator Rosen. There you go. Yes, please, the jobs.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Look, what we need to as an industry, 
because we do suffer from this, is present this industry that 
has better career track and career pathing for people because 
it is real.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. I will take MGM Grand as a hotel. There are 
418 different job categories.
    Senator Rosen. Wow.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Four hundred and eighteen, from attorney 
to--okay. I mean, just think about it, 400 different job 
categories. So there is not probably a job--I mean, everything 
from animal--we have we thousands of different of things people 
do. Tiger training, yes, exactly.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. What is the most unique job that--the tiger 
training. Okay. There you go.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Yes, marine--we have a marine biologist 
because we have turtles. And so anyway, so it is fascinating, 
very fascinating, and so you can literally do anything in this 
town, period, full stop. Where we need help is making sure that 
entry-level people understand the--look, I started as a busboy 
in this community. Forty-five years later, I am not. There are 
huge opportunities within this industry. Getting Brand USA, 
back to how you can help, and keeping it funded to do a better 
job with and promote not only tourism here, but the opportunity 
of, you know, what work can do for a career and career 
development, I think is critical. And so any continued help 
with that would be essential.
    Senator Rosen. A call out to all marine biologists. Even in 
the desert, you can have a job. I do like that one. There you 
go. Do you want to--I know, Ms. Sewald, you have talked about 
it a bunch, and then, Mr. Hill, if you have anything to add 
about kind of the different jobs people might not expect that 
support these new sports industry. I had a lot of 
entertainment, but sports is--big sports, like we have, pretty 
new.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes, Senator. There are a lot of new 
opportunities on the horizon, and researchers are forecasting 
about a 12-and-a-half percent increase in job opportunities.
    Senator Rosen. Yes.
    Ms. Sewald. So while it is wonderful to have those new 
opportunities----
    Senator Rosen. Right.
    Ms. Sewald.--like we have pointed out, the need for that 
talented workforce is something that we are absolutely going to 
have to solve for. But other opportunities include a growth in 
new enterprises like coaching, for example. You know, coaching 
instruction, that industry or a portion of the industry alone 
has increased by about 150 percent. And so there are so many 
entrepreneurial opportunities that go along with that, and so 
we are really excited about that piece of it in--at the Vegas 
Chamber as well because we have a lot of people asking us about 
those very things, what are the opportunities and how can we 
take advantage.
    Senator Rosen. Las Vegas loves to be an incubator for 
entrepreneurs. That is for sure. Anything? I know. Do you hire 
a marine biologist, Mr. Hill, or maybe, maybe not. I do not 
know. That is the most unique one I have heard so far.
    Mr. Hill. We will leave that one to Mr. Hornbuckle.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hill. When you look at what happens in Las Vegas, in 
any one of the major properties, as an example, the general 
manager of the MGM is like the mayor of a pretty decent sized 
city. It is--you know, you have got 6,000, 8,000, 10,000 
employees. You have 10,000 guests, 12,000 guests at a time. 
There may be more. Everything happens. The same thing happens 
in this building here when we have 40,000, 50,000, a hundred 
thousand people. It is--it is a big place. Every type of job 
that you would be interested is available in Las Vegas.
    Sports brings all the jobs that have been mentioned. A lot 
of what sports is about is the content, the media, the 
broadcasting, the production, the social media aspects of this. 
We are the intellectual center of endgame betting, which is 
this virtuous circle that creates fans. My wife is now an NFL 
fan because she plays fantasy football, you know. All of those 
things matter, and there are jobs around all of that.
    Senator Rosen. If you play fantasy football, do your teams 
compete on that? I do not know. I maybe would not suggest be a 
fan of her team. I think you are better off there.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. But what I want to ask you now, of course, 
all of this does not happen without transportation. Of course, 
we are a unique city because we were really built for being a 
resort town, right? So we have an airport close by, and a 
fairly small footprint compared to some of the other larger 
cities. And so I want to talk a little bit with all of you 
about transportation because the large influx of visitors, we 
probably plus up and go maybe down in the mid-week and up on 
maybe the weekend where these events might take place.
    We have a challenge of providing reliable transportation 
options to move people around the city. And one of the efforts 
to address the Strip's frequently clogged traffic is the Vegas 
loop. It is right here at the Las Vegas Convention Center. It 
is an all-electric, zero-emission, high-speed underground 
public transportation tunnel. It is a system that carries 
people in Tesla cars. And we know Vegas Loop is expanding 
throughout the Strip downtown to Allegiant Stadium and the 
airport with, I believe, about 81 planned stations. Maybe they 
have added some more. You could correct me there.
    Another option we have, people see it above ground, the Las 
Vegas monorail, which connects lots of Las Vegas with the 
Convention Center, some of the--our big resorts. And so, Mr. 
Hill, Mr. Hornbuckle, Ms. Sewell--Sewald, excuse me--what do we 
need to do better? How ow can we help, me, at the Federal 
level? I know that you work in partnership with our 
transportation community to be sure we get everybody over to 
Allegiant Stadium, to the T-Mobile here, there--here, there, 
and everywhere, I guess I am going to say that. So I guess we 
will start at the end with you, Mr. Hill, please.
    Mr. Hill. Thank you, Chair Rosen. I will say that Las Vegas 
does this better than most any place else for a couple of 
reasons. Again, we are built as a platform for this, so while 
it can be a little frustrating to be in----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hill.--maybe traffic for a couple of miles, it beats 
being in traffic for 20----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hill.--which is virtually impossible here in terms of 
our visitors getting to events. And you see when T-Mobile 
opened and the Golden Knights played there, when Allegiant 
Stadium opened and the Raiders played there, for the first few 
games it was, it was a little bit of a tangle, but we learn 
quickly, and it is a pretty seamless experience at this point.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hill. We are going to tax it a little bit over the next 
number of months. Just as an example, in a 3-and-a-half month 
stretch, from the beginning of November until the middle of 
February, we have SEMA here with 160,000 people, and then we 
have Formula 1 with a similar number of people. In December, we 
will have the rodeo. We will have the first in-season NBA 
tournament played when the rodeo is also here. Early in 
January, we will have CES and another 150,000 people, then we 
will have the Super Bowl in the middle of February.
    No place in the world can do that, and it is--it is a 
testament to how we move people around here. We are proud of 
The Boring Company system. We are excited to see it expand. We 
are proud to be the owners of the monorail and actually have it 
be profitable. It is doing well enough that we are looking for 
ways to extend the years of operation there.
    Senator Rosen. Well, that is what I said. How can I help, 
thinking outside the box----
    Mr. Hill. Yes.
    Senator Rosen. And, like, we are going to bring--hopefully 
bring that Brightline train d
    Mr. Hill. Yes, absolutely.
    Senator Rosen. I will ask you.
    Mr. Hill. Yes. Thank you.
    Senator Rosen. Let us know.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes, ma'am. Thank you, Senator. I just wonder 
if we should call Bill ``Mayor Hornbuckle'' now.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. I was--I was planning to when I called on 
him next.
    Ms. Sewald. Sorry.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. No, it does not pay enough. Thank you.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. Mayor of MGM we will call him.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes, and, I mean, I have to echo, I would say 
considering the challenges, we know what they are, but we have 
a world class airport. We have the loop. We have the monorail.
    Senator Rosen. We want to be forward thinking, right.
    Ms. Sewald. Congratulations to Steve and the team for 
monetizing that monorail because I think there was a time when 
there was question about that, so congratulations again on 
that. You know, we are--we are also working on our relationship 
and leveraging the value of the Regional Transportation 
Commission. RTC is a--is a huge benefit for us, so any way that 
we could bolster the RTC is probably going to be another way 
that we could facilitate additional travel options.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes.
    Senator Rosen. Perfect. Please.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Great segue. I was actually going to 
highlight that we have instituted our Game Day Express that 
solves for transit and parking to Allegiant Stadium. We have 
also worked with other transportation providers, whether it be 
taxi and ride share companies as well, to kind of ensure that 
we are having a good, smooth common ingress and egress to 
Allegiant Stadium. But the Game Day Express from the Regional 
Transportation Commission has definitely been an amazing 
partnership between the Raiders and them, again, another 
government entity, but very forward thinking and making sure 
they are--they are really enhancing the overall Game Day 
experience for the--for the fans that are at the stadium.
    Senator Rosen. Yes. I know a lot of people that take that 
Game Day Express, too, and they have other similar programs 
for, I believe, T-Mobile and other events. It is a--it is a 
game changer on game or concert day. How's that? So mayor of 
MGM, Mr. Hornbuckle.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. All right. Do not start. Please do not 
start that.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Rosen. No, we will not.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Please.
    Senator Rosen. Mr. Hornbuckle, please. You know what?
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Thank you. Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Rosen. You know what? How do we help get people 
around, and what are you thinking about because I want to fund 
innovation in transportation.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Look, I think the community does a very 
good job and will continue to do so on local transportation. 
Obviously, the vision around what is happening underground here 
and ultimately extend down the Strip --
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle.--I think is fascinating to watch. I do not 
think it is a hundred percent figured out, and that is kind of 
the interest and the fun in it, but I think it will be 
meaningful over the long haul. Yes, I would continue to stay 
focused on helping us get folks here.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm. Okay.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. So, I mean, even think about McCarran. 
McCarran is doing 45,000, 48,000--million visitors, thousand. 
You know, the capacity of that thing is 55,000 or 56,000, and 
then it starts getting a little shaky. It does not happen 
overnight. That is a decade from now, if you started today, to 
really do anything that is impactful. So thinking about 
McCarran.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Thinking about an alternate to all kinds 
of--you know, you cannot move the airport, nor do you want to, 
but what else can be done? Obviously I-15 we hammered on. 
Brightline is important. And then go back to some of Steve's 
comments and the earlier comments, Convention is essential to 
this community now. I can speak for corporate America, meaning 
the business that comes to us via Convention, by and large, 
with exception of Mandalay, it is down about 10 points still, 
and it has not fully recovered from COVID. And in this 
community, we rely heavily, heavily on tech because it is 
obviously--not obviously, but----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle.--Northern West Base, whether it is Seattle 
and/or down through California, and that business, you all can 
pick up the paper and see what is happening within that sector. 
And so picking up 10,000 people and, hey, let us go to Vegas 
for the weekend, is not high on that agenda right now. And so 
keeping us as a first-class destination that has just the ease 
of in and out is just so critical to us.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. And the same with international. We are not 
fully recovered there, most notably China. I know there are 
some initiatives to begin to open up air back and forth on a 
bilateral basis.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Really important to, I think, this 
community in the long haul. In that instance, it is not 
necessarily the magnitude of visitors. It is the quantum of 
economics they bring----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle.--that is really important to us. And so 
just helping and continuing to help, as you have been from the 
outside, on those key initiatives is where I think your office, 
your committee, and, ultimately, Congress can help us the best.
    Senator Rosen. Well, thank you, and I--you just talked 
about the tech sector, so you do not even--you did not even 
realize that is a segue into my next comment. And I could start 
again, I guess--actually, I could go down the line. I know that 
all of you might be using different platforms and innovative 
new technologies for your organizations to attract the events, 
to support the events. And we think about the tech industry, of 
course, so critical to so much of what we do. Of course, 
important we have really good broadband, that we have that good 
working Internet and robust everywhere across the country, 
especially here in Nevada. But do any of you want to talk about 
the tech side of what some of this means and some of the, maybe 
interesting or--aspects that you are working on?
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Maybe I will kick it off.
    Senator Rosen. We will go back that way. How's this?
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Oh, I am sorry.
    Senator Rosen. No, that is all right. I figured I will just 
go back and forth this way.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hornbuckle. For us, the digital platform has become 
critical. So now, arguably, when you land at the airport--well, 
you get in a day before. Do you want to check in electronically 
on your phone? The answer is yes. Do you want to use this as 
your registration and room key? Hopefully answer is yes. And so 
by the time you hit the elevator in your room, you go like 
this, and you are let into your room.
    Senator Rosen. Vacation begins.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Vacation begins at home, and so the 
opportunity to set that tech----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hornbuckle.--to keep the environment here ripe for 
employees to want to come here, to make sure we have in play 
when it comes to tech industry--it is a sector we could and 
should not have historically needed to grow into is one side of 
it. The other side of it is our industry, and Steve alluded to 
this, sports betting has become a huge content draw for Raiders 
or anyone else for that matter, new eyeballs, new focus, new 
people. Many of Las Vegas' companies are behind it in a 
significant way, whether it is domestic or here in the local 
community, but, most notably, domestically and even 
internationally in our case, making this environment ripe for 
that. It is a place that this community and our industry ought 
to own, and, frankly, we have let things like that get away 
from us to places like Atlantic City and New Jersey. So getting 
the State refocused on being tech savvy and tech friendly in 
every way, shape, or form.
    Senator Rosen. Yes.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. This community ought to own the notion of 
tech anything to touch gaming, it just ought to, and so helping 
us stay focused on that would be exactly that helpful.
    Senator Rosen. Yes. Creating innovation and 
entrepreneurship and all of that, especially for our small 
businesses that help our large businesses----
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Yes.
    Senator Rosen.--I am key to supporting that. Please.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. At Allegiant Stadium, we are 
definitely encouraging new innovative technology, from being 
able to order food and beverages from your seat through our--
for our partnerships with some biometric companies actually 
being able to allow a purchase of alcoholic beverages from your 
seats as well. We have implemented a lot of just touchless 
concessions where you can--and I had to go through it myself 
because I did not believe it, but you just kind of--you pick 
up, you know, a bottle of water, a bag of chips. You walk right 
through. You really do not have to interact with anyone. And we 
initially implemented that on our upper levels in the upper 
bowls, and it was so popular that we are bringing in all the 
way down throughout the stadium.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. So constantly looking at ways to 
engage and enhance the customer experience, obviously wanting 
people to get back in their seats and still enjoy the game or 
the entertainment we have to offer. So, you know, I am just so 
proud of our stadium and the investment that the community has 
given in it, but also the investment with respect to broadband, 
Wi-Fi, and just making sure it is a connected stadium as well. 
I think the Super Bowl coming is definitely going to help with 
that. From the other teams that I have talked to, anytime it is 
there, you know, we want to make sure it is, again, the best 
show on earth, and that is definitely the going to be a benefit 
that our stadium will receive after the game.
    Senator Rosen. And reducing the time people wait in line so 
they can have more fun.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Yes. Mm-Hmm.
    Senator Rosen. I think everybody's all for that. Would you 
have anything to add about the--some of the interesting 
innovation platforms or tech that you are using, hoping to use 
that people should know about?
    Ms. Sewald. Yes, ma'am. We have all seen in the--in the 
news a lot lately, and this is something that is a high 
priority for the Vegas Chamber, and that is AI, artificial 
intelligence.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Sewald. We plan at Preview Las Vegas this year in 
January, we will have a large section of the program focused on 
AI.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Sewald. So that is something that we are focused on and 
we are looking at. We are getting some member interest in----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Sewald.--educating themselves about it and learning 
more so that they can use that. In terms of the LVCVA, and I 
will let Steve speak to this as well, we use a lot of 
technology to market the destination.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-Hmm.
    Ms. Sewald. Kate Wick, I get to serve on the marketing 
committee, and we use a ton of social influencers, social 
media, and so forth. So I think that has also made a big--
probably a really big dent in the whole process for the 
destination to really maximize the social media platform.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm. So STEM education and good 
broadband.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes, absolutely.
    Senator Rosen. Okay. I got it.
    Mr. Hill. Kate is in the audience, so I ought to let Kate 
come up and answer part of this question.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Hill. But certainly the way that we have marketed Vegas 
over the last decade or two has changed pretty dramatically. It 
used to be print and television, and now it is largely social 
media. It is also largely personalized, and the ability to 
understand what our customers want----
    Senator Rosen. Data, right. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Hill.--and connect them to what they are looking for 
just keeps improving, and that will be a part of artificial 
intelligence as well. I will mention that there are real 
opportunities in technology to make the travel experience 
seamless.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-Hmm.
    Mr. Hill. All the biometrics that are available there, the 
improvement of those, the implementation of those. You, 
Senator, mentioned the waiting in line concept.
    Senator Rosen. Yes.
    Mr. Hill. Basically, any place----
    Senator Rosen. No one likes waiting in line. No one.
    Mr. Hill. Any place that somebody is waiting in line is an 
opportunity for technology to solve that problem because that 
is not what anybody--you are right. That is not what anybody 
wants to do, so we are focused on that here, but we see the 
opportunity for application, particularly around events and in 
the travel space that will really help make everything just 
more enjoyable and more efficient.
    Senator Rosen. So really us in Congress helping to promote, 
I would say, a lot of STEM education, engineers, innovative 
thinking, these are things that are done really well with our 
small business and entrepreneurship communities as they try to 
imagine maybe some things that are niche for a convention or 
for a sporting event, and, of course, they can be maybe scaled 
up, so thank you for that.
    I want to kind of round this out with my last question 
because I am--I am proud to be--serve on many committees that 
intersect with the Tourism Committee here that I hold the gavel 
on in Commerce and Transportation. I am also on the Homeland 
Security Committee, like I said, and on the Small Business and 
Entrepreneurship Committee. But I was really pleased that the 
appropriations bill that we passed in 2023 was signed into law, 
in December, it included my Omnibus Travel and Tourism Act, and 
like we spoke about, this kind of wraps it all up here, created 
the position of assistant secretary of commerce for travel and 
tourism. I am going to talk a little bit about the jobs for 
everyone out --what this new secretary position is so everybody 
understands it. It has quite a few things in it.
    The new assistant secretary is required to increase and 
facilitate international business travel to the U.S., like we 
have talked about, including facilitating large conferences, 
exhibitions, emphasizing rural destinations. We have beautiful, 
vast public lands here in Nevada, beautiful mountains. It is 
wonderful for people to take a drive out, maybe under 3 days, 
and see some of that, and we want to support our ecotourism. We 
want to facilitate sports and recreation events and activities 
in the U.S.
    The other thing that this new position will do is, for the 
first time, create a national strategy that overlooks really 
the--or oversees the umbrella of what it takes for our tourism 
economy because as you have heard here today, it is a lot of 
things. Well, maybe at the base it is broadband, IT. We need 
that fiber everywhere, right? It is important. Whether you are 
a large community like ours or smaller community, people want 
to come here to visit. They have to have it at home. It is 
about our infrastructure--our roads, our ports, our bridges, 
our trains. Your vacation experience begins the minute you 
leave your front door, sometimes even before if you could check 
in now, right?
    Having our workforce, whether it is labor to build it, 
whether it is--again, we want to talk about the marketing, the 
STEM, all of these different jobs, even a marine biologist and 
a tiger trainer at MGM, but there are so many more jobs than 
people imagine. So how do we build out our workforce robustly 
to take on all of these new jobs, empower our small business 
community? Again, Department of Homeland Security, how are we 
sure here and somewhere, like Las Vegas, in a small area, that 
we are safe? People come here. They feel safe and secure for 
these large, amazing events, boosting our international 
tourism, of course, and our visa process.
    So I wanted to bring that up because this new position is 
extremely important. Tourism is the top economic driver in 
Nevada, but for the United States of America, it is a top 
economic driver, I would say, in every State in this country--
in our beautiful country. And so what happens in this case in 
Las Vegas, what we do in this top destination, those best 
practices, maybe they do not just stay here. We get to export 
them out and let others learn for that. And so can all--would 
you each like to give is maybe some closing remark or comment 
about what you think about how this--having this person in this 
position and going forward, funding this position and thinking 
about it, what do we do for a new--new airports 10 years from 
now. How are we thinking not just for today, but for tomorrow, 
and how does Congress, Federal Government, State and local 
partner, to be sure that it lasts? So I am going to start in 
the middle this time. Ms. Douglass Morgan, I will start with 
you. How's that? We will go with the ladies, then we will--we 
will go in the end there.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. I think having, Senator Rosen, to your 
point, having someone that is dedicated and truly focused on 
all of the different pieces that you just outlined in your--in 
your kind of initial remarks looking forward and not just kind 
of being a little reactive, and being able to kind of use the 
playbook, really, that Steve and the LVCVA has already created 
on what does it take to be able to have a strong, stable, 
collaborative tourist destination. And I think that Southern 
Nevada has really been the golden child in that.
    And so having one person that is dedicated for the country 
that can kind of focus on that and help and grow and build 
different communities to be able to really strongly establish a 
tourism economy is--would be incredibly important. I think that 
I would nominate Steve Hill to do that when he is----
    [Laughter.]
    Ms. Douglass Morgan.--maybe not in the LVCVA because has 
done an incredible job, but it really would--I do think that 
Southern Nevada has been the blueprint of that, and I think 
those of us that have been here for a while have taken it for 
granted because when you have events like F1, like the Super 
Bowl, these--the great thing about Nevada is that there is a 
mentality to kind of get things done. So when you are working 
with the airport, you are working with NDOT, you are working 
with RTC, you are working with the private sector, everyone is 
willing to go in because they know that if they are working 
together, it benefits everyone as a whole. So your vision in 
having that position, I think would be incredibly important, 
not only to the State but to the country as a whole.
    Senator Rosen. And any other thing you want to let us know 
that I have not asked before I move on to round out the last 
question?
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. No, I just--if anything, we really 
appreciate having the opportunity to tell our story and what--
and how your leadership and what you have done has really 
helped us all to flourish.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you.
    Ms. Douglass Morgan. Yes.
    Senator Rosen. Thank you. Ms. Sewald?
    Ms. Sewald. Thank you. Now we have Mr. Mayor and Mr. 
Secretary.
    [Laughter.]
    Ms. Sewald. You are giving everybody new jobs up here.
    Senator Rosen. I am just telling you, you know what? I say 
what happens in Vegas does not stay here. We want to export all 
the good things out, and we are going to be the master plan.
    Ms. Sewald. Yes, absolutely. Your vision for focusing on 
this initiative, I think, is going to be critical for our 
destination for our entire State and for our country as well. I 
think one of the things that we are working on at the Vegas 
Chamber in conjunction with the Governor's Office is things 
like additional trade missions.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Sewald. Those things are going to be highly beneficial 
not only for our--you know, for our local businesses and 
employers and our economy----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Sewald.--but also for, you know, as we look ahead to 
economic development and expanding our footprint here in 
Southern Nevada, obviously with corporations that are--that 
have a friendly water footprint and so forth, so these are--
these are things that we are looking at.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm.
    Ms. Sewald. But I think that this position is going to be--
have an exponential benefit for the destination and probably 
the entire State and country.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-hmm. Really working maybe with our mayors 
and governors--we do that very well here--on those trade 
missions so people get educated about what they can do here. 
That is something great I can help partner on too, as well. I 
am not going to call you ``Mr. Secretary,'' but we will--we 
will make a little--Mr. Hill, please.
    Mr. Hill. The appointment or the creation of this assistant 
secretary position was long overdue. Tourism is 10 percent of 
the GDP in this country. The fact that we did not have an 
assistant secretary over something that is that important in 
the country is really an omission, and we really appreciate the 
work that you did to fill that void. The Federal Government, as 
you may not know, is a little tough to navigate at times.
    Senator Rosen. A little.
    Mr. Hill. And having a place to go, having an office that 
is the focal point for our industry is really important. There 
are ramifications from not having that position that we are 
still trying to--and are recovering from, trying to still 
recover from. For example, there has been a transportation 
freight plan in this country for decades, and just until a few 
years ago, the first time we had a transportation plan for 
people.
    Senator Rosen. Right.
    Mr. Hill. And that is the type of omission that happens 
when you do not have a central point of contact that can shine 
a spotlight on this industry and the specific needs for this 
industry, so it is really critical that that position is there. 
Thank you for putting that together, and I also just want to 
mention that I really appreciate Congress funding Brand USA.
    Senator Rosen. Yes.
    Mr. Hill. You know, putting on my old economic development 
hat, economic development largely is about bringing money from 
outside of your jurisdiction into your jurisdiction.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-Hmm.
    Mr. Hill. Tourism does that, 10 percent of our economy, and 
Brand USA is the LVCVA for the Federal Government.
    Senator Rosen. Mm-Hmm.
    Mr. Hill. During the pandemic, they did not have funding.
    Senator Rosen. I see.
    Mr. Hill. And Congress stepped up----
    Senator Rosen. Mm-Hmm.
    Mr. Hill.--and just helped Brand USA recover, which is the 
recruiting organization that we have----
    Senator Rosen. That is right.
    Mr. Hill.--to bring tourists internationally to the United 
States, critical organization. Thank you for doing that.
    Senator Rosen. Of course. Well, thank you. Well, Mr. 
Hornbuckle, I am going to give you the last word about the 
assistant secretary and just what you think about what we are 
doing here.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Sure, and, again, thank you for getting it 
here, obviously, and anything we can all do to help get it 
funded, giving programming, giving budget, which is never 
simple, so we respect that and appreciate that, will be 
critical. You know, because of TTAB, or the tourism, I have had 
the opportunity to meet with three secretaries now. One was 
facilitated by your office, so thank you. So between Secretary 
Raimondo, Buttigieg, and Mayorkas, the opportunity to 
coordinate. Steve said it. These departments are massive in 
terms of employees and remit and what they can focus on. And so 
the opportunity to have someone--just forget what happens 
locally, but to bridge what happens back in D.C. is--it just 
does not go anywhere without that, and it--I think we have seen 
some of the outcroppings because of that, so I think it is 
hugely important.
    I would also echo Steve's comments on Brand USA. What is 
the brand USA budget, like $7 million, $5 million? It is some--
it is a de minimis amount of money.
    Senator Rosen. Yes.
    Mr. Hornbuckle. Steve's budget here is literally 10 times 
what Brand USA's budget is, put it in perspective, and we are 
talking about promoting America --
    Senator Rosen. That is right.
    Mr. Hill.--of which we are a major destination. And so you 
are help in continuing to keep that funded is just essential, 
but the assistant secretary is a priority other than visa 
waiver.
    Senator Rosen. Yes.
    Mr. Hill. And keeping that alive could not be more 
important, so thank you for your efforts there.
    Senator Rosen. Well, thank you. I just I know all of you 
sitting out here, I am just so lucky. We are also lucky here in 
Nevada to have leaders like the one you see on the stage with 
me today and some of the leaders sitting out there. I see many 
friends out here and, of course, ones that could not be with us 
today. I really do believe that the intersectionality of 
technology, of labor, transportation, workforce, all of the 
things we talked about with great fun music venues, sports 
venues, world-class dining, all of those things, it matters, 
our goods, our services, our transportation, our workforce. And 
so I really feel like Las Vegas is in really good hands because 
the four of you are here to support not just the business hat 
you put on every day, but you care about the Nevada community. 
And that is where the heart comes in, and that is what makes 
the collaboration work be successful. So I thank you.
    And so now for a little bit of housekeeping, the hearing 
record will remain open for two weeks until Friday, September 8 
of 2023. Any senators that would like to submit questions for 
the record may do so. You might get some questions from someone 
else on Commerce, but they need to do that by Friday, September 
8, 2023. And so for those of you who testified today, if we do 
get additional questions, we ask that your responses be 
returned to the Committee as quickly as possible, and then no 
later--in no case later than two weeks after receipt.
    And I know we have lots more to do. We have another big 
opening of another great entertainment venue coming up pretty 
soon. That is just going to be another value-add to our world-
class destination. We look forward to having future field 
hearings talking about all of that, and someone special is 
going to open that new venue. I think it is Bono and U2, and I 
have a quote from him, and I am going to close with this: 
``Here's to the future. The only limits are our imagination.'' 
So thank you for being here. Thank you all.
    This hearing is concluded.
    [Whereupon, the Subcommittee was adjourned.]

                                  [all]