[Senate Hearing 118-557]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                       S. Hrg. 118-557

                  EMPOWERING PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
                    TO LIVE, WORK, LEARN, AND THRIVE

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

                       SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS


                             SECOND SESSION

                               __________

                             WASHINGTON, DC

                               __________

                           DECEMBER 12, 2024

                               __________

                           Serial No. 118-24

         Printed for the use of the Special Committee on Aging
         
[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]         


        Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov
        
                                __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
58-574 PDF                  WASHINGTON : 2025                  
          
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                       SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING

              ROBERT P. CASEY, JR., Pennsylvania, Chairman

KIRSTEN E. GILLIBRAND, New York      MIKE BRAUN, Indiana
RICHARD BLUMENTHAL, Connecticut      TIM SCOTT, South Carolina
ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts      MARCO RUBIO, Florida
MARK KELLY, Arizona                  RICK SCOTT, Florida
RAPHAEL WARNOCK, Georgia             J.D. VANCE, Ohio
JOHN FETTERMAN, Pennsylvania         PETE RICKETTS, Nebraska
                              ----------                              
               Elizabeth Letter, Majority Staff Director
                Matthew Sommer, Minority Staff Director
                        
                        
                        C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

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                                                                   Page

Opening Statement of Senator Robert P. Casey, Jr., Chairman......     1
Opening Statement of Senator Mike Braun, Ranking Member..........     3

                           PANEL OF WITNESSES

Brent Orrell, Senior Fellow, American Enterprise Institute, 
  Washington, DC.................................................     5
Erin Willman, Founder and CEO, White Cane Coffee Company, Warren, 
  Pennsylvania...................................................     6
Lydia Brown, Director of Policy, National Disability Institute, 
  Washington, DC.................................................     8
Mayor Neil McDevitt, Mayor of North Wales, North Wales, 
  Pennsylvania...................................................    10
Ai-jen Poo, President, National Domestic Workers Alliance, 
  Executive Director, Caring Across Generations, Chicago, 
  Illinois.......................................................    12

                                APPENDIX
                      Prepared Witness Statements

Brent Orrell, Senior Fellow, American Enterprise Institute, 
  Washington, DC.................................................    32
Erin Willman, Founder and CEO, White Cane Coffee Company, Warren, 
  Pennsylvania...................................................    34
Lydia Brown, Director of Policy, National Disability Institute, 
  Washington, DC.................................................    36
Mayor Neil McDevitt, Mayor of North Wales, North Wales, 
  Pennsylvania...................................................    39
Ai-jen Poo, President, National Domestic Workers Alliance, 
  Executive Director, Caring Across Generations, Chicago, 
  Illinois.......................................................    41

                       Statements for the Record

The American Network of Community Options and Resources Testimony    49
Dr. Amy Houtrow Testimony........................................    51
Anna Corbin Testimony............................................    52
Community Legal Services of Pennsylvania Testimony...............    53
Dr. Dennis B. Downey Testimony...................................    54
Cindy Duch Testimony.............................................    55
Gary Blumenthal Testimony........................................    56
Eugenia Bond Testimony...........................................    57
Jacquelyn M. White Testimony.....................................    58
Jonathan Cunningham Testimony....................................    59
Jule Ann Lieberman Testimony.....................................    60
Julia Barol Testimony............................................    61
Kate Dempsey Jones Testimony.....................................    62
Kathy Brill Testimony............................................    63
Liberty Resources, Inc. Testimony................................    64
Linda Carmona-Bell Testimony.....................................    65
Lisa Lightner Testimony..........................................    66
Mark Friedman Testimony..........................................    67
Matt Aaron Testimony.............................................    68
Maureen Cronin Testimony.........................................    69
Meghann Luczkowski Testimony.....................................    70
Nancy Murray Testimony...........................................    71
Nancy Thaler Testimony...........................................    72
James W. Conroy and Karen Ann Hayes Testimony....................    73
                        
                        C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

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                   Statements for the Record (cont'd)

                                                                   Page

Pennsylvania Statewide Independent Living Council (PA SIL) 
  Testimony......................................................    74
Pennsylvania Advocates and Resources for Autism and Intellectual 
  Disabilities (PAR) Testimony...................................    75
Pennsylvania Autism Society of America Testimony.................    76
Pennsylvania Department of Human Services Testimony..............    77
The Partnership for Inclusive Disaster Strategies Testimony......    78
Stacey Jarett Levitan Testimony..................................    79
Institute on Disabilities at Temple University Testimony.........    80
Sherri Landis Testimony..........................................    81
Katy Neas Testimony..............................................    82
Dr. Tina Paone Testimony.........................................    83
Tom Carasiti Testimony...........................................    84
Vision for Equity Testimony......................................    85

 
                  EMPOWERING PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
                    TO LIVE, WORK, LEARN, AND THRIVE

                              ----------                              


                      Thursday, December 12, 2024

                                        U.S. Senate
                                 Special Committee on Aging
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., Room 
106, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Robert P. Casey, Jr., 
Chairman of the Committee, presiding.
    Present: Senator Casey, Gillibrand, Blumenthal, Warren, 
Kelly, Warnock, Braun, and Rick Scott.

                 OPENING STATEMENT OF SENATOR 
                 ROBERT P. CASEY, JR., CHAIRMAN

    The Chairman. Good morning, everyone. The Senate Special 
Committee on Aging will come to order. We want to welcome you 
to the final hearing of the Aging Committee's final hearing of 
this Congress, the 118th Congress. The name of this hearing is; 
Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and 
Thrive.
    This is my last hearing as the Chair of the Committee, and 
I've been honored to serve as chair and as a longtime member. 
I've served as a member of the Committee for these 18 years, 
four of those as ranking member and four as chair, and I'm 
proud of the work that this Committee has done. We've 
accomplished much under my tenure, and I'm sure years before 
that.
    I'm thankful for the support of my colleagues on both sides 
of the dais, and it's been a pleasure to work with Ranking 
Member Braun, and we wish him the best of luck as he starts his 
new work as the Governor of Indiana in January.
    For more than 60 years, this Committee has championed 
issues facing older adults, including protecting against frauds 
and scams, ensuring nursing homes provide safe, quality care, 
and advocating for older workers. Many of these efforts have 
been bipartisan.
    In the last eight years, the Committee has expanded its 
reach to champion the rights of people with disabilities. 
People with disabilities deserve the opportunities that all 
Americans have and access the same access that's available to 
each and every American. This means the opportunity for a 
person with a disability to secure a quality education, to 
receive comprehensive healthcare, to earn a living wage, and to 
save for the future. We've seen great progress in these efforts 
with the leadership of strong advocates, many of whom are here 
today and their families. Today's hearing will focus on that 
work and opportunities that still lie ahead of us.
    Let's start with home and community-based services known by 
that acronym, HCBS. Americans with disabilities and older 
adults continue to need access to reliable long-term care 
services and supports. There are more than 700,000 people on 
waiting lists for Medicaid home care services, and they have to 
wait for over four years on average to begin those services, to 
have the benefit of those services.
    The workers who provide long-term care services in all 
settings earn approximately $15 an hour, and nearly 50 percent 
of these workers rely on programs such as the Supplemental 
Nutrition Assistance Program for support. We should not have 
seniors and people with disabilities waiting for years, years 
to access supports to live in their own homes and be active 
members of their own communities, and we should value the 
workers who provide care and support for people with 
disabilities and older adults. Direct care workers should be 
earning a livable wage and not relying upon public assistance 
to survive.
    I'm grateful for the work of the Biden Administration to 
make home and community-based services a priority, as did I, 
and a number of members of both the House and the Senate. 
There's still much work to be done in the years ahead. Today's 
hearing will focus on people with disabilities in the work, in 
the workplace. While the number of people with disabilities who 
work as increased in the past 10 years, their participation in 
the labor force is still over just half of that of the general 
population.
    During the pandemic, thousands of people with disabilities 
continue to work in grocery stores, warehouses, and hospitals, 
providing essential services for all Americans while they put 
their own health, and often their lives, at risk. We need to 
ensure that people with disabilities have the resources, 
accessibility, and accommodations they need to be successful 
workers. Likewise, we need to ensure that government services 
at all levels of government are accessible to people with 
disabilities.
    Several years ago, I learned about Ron Biglin, a veteran 
from Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania, my home county, Lackawanna 
County. Ron was unable to access his health benefits at the VA, 
the Department of Veterans Affairs at their website because 
that website was not accessible to Ron Biglin and many others. 
Through my oversight efforts, we learned that in 2019, only 
eight percent of the information on the VA's website was 
accessible. No longer. Those numbers have gone way up.
    In the intervening years, the remainder of the Federal 
Government websites and other technology were no more 
accessible than the VA. In that year, 2019, we took a close 
look at it, so we're making progress, but we have a long way to 
go. Much more work to be done on improving access.
    Whether it's improving access, or eliminating 
discrimination, or providing accommodations to make it possible 
for people with disabilities to be full participants in our 
society, this is the work that must continue. It also, when we 
work on these issues, it also makes our society a better place 
for all of us people with disabilities or not.
    During my time in the Senate, people with disabilities and 
their families have shown me and demonstrated to me in more 
ways than one the power of advocacy, determined advocacy. 
They've championed the rights of people with disabilities to 
serve in the workforce and to save for their futures. They've 
fought for people with disabilities to be able to live in their 
homes and to be active members of their communities, and 
they've successfully defended against cuts to Medicaid and 
Social Security and other programs. Our witnesses today have 
been central to that advocacy work. I look forward to hearing 
from them about some of the achievements of the disability 
community and the goals ahead.
    Now, just as, as part of this hearing, but even, even 
beyond the scope of today's hearing, I'm issuing five issue 
briefs. I'll just hold them up in summary fashion. I won't read 
through all of them, but these issue briefs will deal with a 
number of topics. Two of the topics we'll cover here today; 
access to home and community-based services, and government 
accessibility. The other briefs will address or do address 
lowering prescription drug costs, ensuring economic security 
for older adults and improving nursing home care.
    This Committee, the Aging Committee, has a legacy of 
providing resources to our Senate colleagues and to others 
throughout the Nation about issues facing people with 
disabilities and of course, older adults. Many of these 
resources are available both in English and in Spanish. I hope 
that these issue briefs will be similarly valuable to the 
future work of the Senate. We all need to continue the work to 
support people with disabilities and older adults so they can 
thrive in their communities, and I look forward to hearing from 
our witnesses about the work that lies ahead.
    I'll turn to Ranking Member Braun for his opening remarks.

                 OPENING STATEMENT OF SENATOR 
                   MIKE BRAUN, RANKING MEMBER

    Senator Braun. Thank you, Chairman Casey, and for all the 
witnesses being here today. People with disabilities have the 
same hopes, dreams, and expectations of respect and dignity as 
all of us. One shared reality is the importance of a strong 
economy.
    In recent years, people with disabilities have achieved 
record gains in jobs, in labor force participation. A good 
economy accomplishes more for people with disabilities, and I 
think any federal program ever could, but federal spending has 
been excessive and it has jeopardized these gains. Trillions in 
unnecessary spending still has inflation too high up over three 
percent again from last year. We've had 10 years of inflation 
crammed into the last three years.
    Correspondingly, high interest rates have pushed mortgage 
rates over seven percent and cooled the job market. The 
employment rate fell again last month, the second straight 
decline, the most vulnerable that are hit the hardest by this 
economic term turmoil, and that means seniors and people with 
disabilities. They feel the pinch at the grocery store when 
they look for a new home and when they need a job.
    I am confident that the new administration will turn the 
economy around. The last thing older Americans and Americans 
with disabilities need is a tax hike, but the debt problem 
causing our economic challenges has been bipartisan. We've 
generated that from both sides of the aisle. National debt at 
the end of Fiscal Year 2024 was 99 percent of GDP, the highest 
since World War II. By 2030, forecasted to be nearly 140 
percent of GDP.
    We now spend more on interest payments than we do on the 
entirety of national defense. Last month, the national debt 
rose to over 36 trillion, and in 10 years, its forecast to be 
56 trillion. Thirty-six trillion is over $100,000 for every 
person in the United States. Think about what that means for 
benefits and services. Its seniors and vulnerable generations 
need right now.
    If we do not grapple with the national debt, the numbers 
never relent. They just don't go away, and that means it'll be 
even harder and harder to deal with it down the road. We'll 
have slower growth, you'll end up probably having more 
inflation and even higher interest rates. It's very easy. It 
just takes a little self-discipline. All other parts of our 
economy have to live within that framework, local and State 
governments. Seniors will struggle, people with disabilities 
will suffer, and every generation will be worse off.
    I look forward to hearing about economic trends affecting 
seniors and Americans with disabilities, and I hope we keep our 
reckless spending problem front of mind in this discussion here 
today.
    Mr. Chairman, I yield back.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Ranking Member Braun. Now we'll 
turn to our witness introductions, and I'll turn first to 
Ranking Member Braun for the first witness introduction.
    Senator Braun. Brent Orrell is a senior fellow at the 
American Enterprise Institute. Mr. Orrell specializes in job 
training and workforce development with a special focus on 
disadvantaged populations. He is also an expert on the impact 
of technological change in the workforce, which is rampant here 
in this day and age. Mr. Orrell previously held multiple roles 
in government, including at the Department of Labor, and Health 
and Human Services. Thank you for testifying here today. Thank 
you.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Ranking Member Braun. I'll now 
turn to the remainder of our witnesses. Our first witness is 
Erin Willman. Erin is the founder and CEO of the White Cane 
Coffee Company in Warren, Pennsylvania. And I've been there. 
It's a great coffee company in Northwestern Pennsylvania.
    Erin started White Cane Coffee Company in 2019 to provide 
self-sustaining jobs for people with disabilities living in 
rural communities, including for herself and her brothers, so, 
Erin, we're grateful you're here. Grateful you made the trip. 
Coming from Warren County's quite a ride, so we're grateful 
you're took time to be with us.
    Our third witness is Lydia Brown. Lydia Brown is the 
director of policy at the National Disability Institute and an 
adjunct professor of disability studies at American University 
and Georgetown University. Counselor Brown's Research focuses 
on economic security and wealth building for individuals with 
disabilities. Counselor Brown, we're grateful you're here 
today, and thanks for sharing your expertise with us.
    Our fourth witness is Mayor Neil McDevitt. Mayor McDevitt 
is the Mayor of North Wales, Pennsylvania in Montgomery County 
in the southeastern corner of our State, so, we have 
representation from the northwest and the southeast all in one 
hearing. Mayor McDevitt was elected as mayor, I guess, elected 
in 1921 and started serving in 1922, and is believed to be the 
first deaf mayor elected to a municipality in the United States 
of America, so, Mayor, thank you for being with us today and 
sharing your expertise and insight.
    Our fifth witness is someone I've known a long time, a 
great advocate. Ai-Jen Poo is the president of the National 
Domestic Workers Alliance. She is also co-founder and director 
of Caring Across Generations, a coalition of organizations 
working to strengthen the caregiving infrastructure for 
America's families. Ai-Jen is a recognized expert in family and 
elder care, and has been recognized by Time Magazine as one of 
the 100 most influential people in the world. Ai-Jen, we're 
grateful you're here today, and really have enjoyed working 
with you. And thank you for sharing your expertise with us.
    We'll start with our first witness Mr. Orrell for his 
testimony, and then we'll go right down the line from there.

           STATEMENT OF BRENT ORRELL, SENIOR FELLOW,
         AMERICAN ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE, WASHINGTON, DC

    Mr. Orrell. Chairman Casey, Ranking Member Braun, other 
members of the Committee, thank you so much for the opportunity 
to discuss the critical issues facing aging and disabled 
workers in America. I will focus on two dimensions; the 
practical demands of the economy and the moral responsibilities 
of our society.
    The largest factors shaping America's economic future is 
demographics. Our population's aging rapidly, with fertility 
rate falling, and the median age rising from 29.5 years to 38.9 
years since 1960, from 2000 to 2005, our workforce grew by 12 
million workers Between 2017 and 2022, that figure was just 1.7 
million.
    Demographics drive growth, older populations work and 
consume less, reducing economic dynamism. While we cannot 
quickly reverse population trends, we can engage marginalized 
groups, older workers, people with disability, people with 
criminal records, and others. To help sustain growth in a time 
of worker shortages, no individual's contributions can be 
overlooked or minimized.
    Second dimension, that of the moral responsibility, is that 
being American means believing in the dignity of every person. 
Work provides a vital way to express that dignity, aligning 
skills and interests with the needs of the economy and our 
fellow citizens. For older and disabled Americans, this is no 
less important. If we neglect to uphold and support their 
participation in the workforce, we will not only hurt our 
economy, but fail to uphold the core value that every human 
being is entitled to equality and dignity.
    The participation of older workers in the workforce has 
been rising steadily, with 19.2 percent of Americans age 65 or 
older now working or seeking work. In 2000, 25 percent of post-
retirement age seniors were employed compared to 32 percent 
today. By 2032, older workers will make up 8.6 percent of the 
labor force compared to 6.6 in 2022. Similarly, the employment 
rate for individuals with disabilities reached 22.5 percent in 
2023, and that's the highest since data collection began in 
2008.
    However, this is still just one-third of the rate for 
workers without disabilities, and the employment rate for those 
with disabilities is twice as high as the general population. 
Many disabled workers face additional barriers such as limited 
access to full-time jobs with benefits, and roughly half of 
disabled Americans are also over the age of 65, which compounds 
their difficulties in the labor market.
    Advances in artificial intelligence, automation, assistive 
technologies, all offer opportunities to remove barriers and 
expand employment for individuals with disabilities. Screen 
readers, voice recognition software, and AI-powered 
communication tools enable individuals to perform tasks once 
inaccessible for older workers.
    AI tools can simplify complex tasks, and telework platforms 
can allow them to remain at home and work from there. However, 
the benefits of technology will only be realized if we have an 
intentional design and policy support behind it. Policy makers 
should be looking at ways to make these technologies accessible 
and affordable.
    In terms of recommendations, we need to be promoting 
inclusive employment practices in the workplace. We need to 
invest in education and training to expand access to learning 
across the lifespan to help older adults and people with 
disabilities gain new skills, and we need to leverage 
technology for inclusion. I think this is an area that is ripe 
for public and private investment to adapt these new 
technologies to the needs of the elderly or older workers and 
people with disabilities.
    The challenges posed by our demographic shifts and gaps 
between work and older and disabled job seekers are formidable, 
but they are not insurmountable. By fostering workforce 
inclusion for older and disabled Americans, we can strengthen 
both our economy and our social commitment to dignity and 
equality. And together, we can build a labor market that 
reflects both our values and maximizes the potential of every 
person.
    Thank you so much for the opportunity to offer testimony.
    The Chairman. Mr. Orrell, thank you for your testimony. 
I'll turn next to Erin Willman. Erin?

       STATEMENT OF ERIN WILLMAN, FOUNDER AND CEO, WHITE
           CANE COFFEE COMPANY, WARREN, PENNSYLVANIA

    Ms. Erin. Hello, I'm Erin Willman. I am the founder and CEO 
of White Cane Coffee, and I would like to thank Senator Casey, 
and Senator Braun, along with the rest of the members of the 
Aging Committee for inviting me to speak on subjects that both 
I and many in the disabled community face.
    A lot has happened since I was here in February. I have 
received an incredible number of calls and emails from disabled 
persons and organizations that assist the blind and disabled. 
The common theme of those messages is that things are actually 
changing. We are not yet where we need to be when it comes to 
disability access and acceptance, but we are getting there. It 
brings me great joy when I hear of disabled people in my 
community getting good, paying jobs, and not being relegated to 
sheltered workshops for less than minimum wage.
    A few weeks ago, an engineer from a large manufacturer in 
our county visited our coffee factory to see how we adapted our 
workspaces and machinery to accommodate our employees. He 
honestly wants his company to be inclusive. I consider this a 
huge step forward.
    On a side note, I had the honor to run for PA's and State 
representative for District 65. Even though I lost my election, 
I found the majority of people that I met were accepting of me 
as a viable candidate. The best part of the experience was 
having younger people come up to me and tell me that because of 
my running for office, they too feel that they can also create 
change in their community in both large and small ways.
    Today, I would like to talk about accessible education and 
how it can be bettered with the RISE Act. People ask me all the 
time if I went to college. The answer, I am sorry to say, is 
no. Despite the fact that I graduated high school at the age of 
15, I felt wholly unprepared for the challenges my disability 
would bring me in a college setting.
    However, my hope is that others in the disabled community 
won't feel that trepidation when they seek out higher 
education, but I recognize that there are things that need to 
be changed for that to happen. At this time, people with 
disabilities who wish to go into college and need 
accommodations to be successful have to prove that they are 
disabled through costly testing, even if they were born with a 
disability or have previous documentation from when they were 
in high school.
    I remember how nerve wracking it was for those in my life 
who were heading off to college. I can't imagine putting more 
stress on a person with a disability because they have to prove 
their disability to get the support they need to thrive. If a 
person already has documentation that they're disabled, that 
should be sufficient. I don't believe that there are any 
prospective students who somehow became able-bodied would want 
to ask for the same assistance they had before when they were 
disabled.
    While proving that a person has a disability is 
disheartening enough, there's also the issue that many schools 
make it difficult to find out what sort of assistance and 
accommodations are available to disabled students. When looking 
into a college a student wants to attend, they have to comb 
through websites and visit the campus, and even in some cases, 
contact the administration personally just to find out if the 
school has the accommodations that they would need to access 
the education offered by the college.
    If one school does not have the accommodations a particular 
student needs, the student will have to repeat this search 
process as many times as needed until they can find a school 
that is suitable. Not only can that process be stressful, it 
can be so disheartening as to possibly turn them away from the 
idea of going to college at all.
    It doesn't have to be this way though. If schools were 
upfront and transparent on what accommodations are available, 
the stress of finding the right school would be lessened 
significantly, making the transition to higher your education 
easier.
    Now I believe it is time to give the spotlight to our 
educators. We all have had at one point in our lives a teacher 
on who has inspired and helped us become--and helped us find 
our path in life, so, I believe that they should have help to 
continue that work on a wider scale.
    It's an unfortunate truth that many teachers do not have 
the training that they need to accommodate a student with a 
disability. However, under the RISE Act, this is a problem with 
an easy solution. The RISE Act would allocate funds to college 
administration so that the faculty has the tools and know-how 
to be able to teach all of their students so that they are able 
to thrive in their classroom. By educating our educators, our 
colleges can be a place where everyone can succeed no matter 
what.
    I have always been extremely passionate about education. I 
believe that it can open doors and build bridges. It can lead 
to good jobs and a better life. Education expands a person's 
opportunities in life. It's why I work with so many schools for 
the disabled so that those students can create a brighter, more 
inclusive future.
    America is known as the land of opportunity. By 
implementing the RISE Act, many disabled people across the 
Nation will have the opportunity to seek out higher education 
without the worry, they will not belong. Something as simple as 
that would change their lives. If you change one life, you 
change the world. It is time to change the world. Thank you.
    The Chairman. Ms. Willman, thank you for your testimony. 
Counselor Brown, you may begin.

         STATEMENT OF LYDIA BROWN, DIRECTOR OF POLICY, 
         NATIONAL DISABILITY INSTITUTE, WASHINGTON, DC

    Ms. Brown. Good morning. My name is Lydia Brown, I am 
director of public policy at National Disability Institute, as 
well as a proudly disabled advocate. Thank you for the 
opportunity to provide testimony before the Committee today.
    Disabled people represent at least 20 percent of the U.S. 
population or more than 65 million people, although the real 
number is likely higher than current surveys indicate including 
people who have newly acquired disabilities due to long-Covid. 
Our community faces deep economic disparities with poverty and 
unemployment rates for people with disabilities, about twice 
those of non-disabled people, along with higher rates of 
homelessness and food insecurity.
    According to NDIS research, disabled people are more than 
twice as likely to be financially vulnerable as non-disabled 
people, only 51 percent of working age disabled adults are 
confident they can pay their bills on time, and 46 percent of 
disabled adults carry more debt than they can manage.
    Fewer women with disabilities, disabled people of color, 
and LGBTQ people with disabilities are financially healthy than 
people with disabilities who are men, White, or non-LGBTQ. Over 
30 percent of disabled households have an income below $15,000, 
a rate 5.6 times higher than for households without a 
disability, and those numbers are substantially higher for 
Latinx and Black households with disabilities.
    These economic disparities in earnings savings, banking, 
and wealth building are exacerbated for the many people with 
disabilities who rely on means-tested public benefits to 
survive. Many disabled people rely on Medicaid as the sole 
provider of long-term supports and services; help with eating, 
taking meds, getting dressed, even positioning their bodies. 
These services that can keep people in their own homes instead 
of nursing homes and institutions, as well as enable people to 
enter and remain in the mainstream workforce.
    Eligibility for Medicaid, however, is tied to eligibility 
for supplemental security income, SSI. A beneficiary is 
prohibited from having more than $2,000 in countable assets if 
single, and $3,000 between both spouses if married, asset 
limits that were last updated in 1989.
    A person with a disability who wants to work and is able to 
work for any amount of hours is precluded from seeking the same 
array of opportunities as a non-disabled person if that 
disabled person relies on Medicaid funded support to live at 
home or get to work.
    Some disabled people turn down promotions, hours increases, 
and raises, in order to maintain eligibility for Medicaid, 
because accepting the increased wages would not cover the gap 
if they lost their benefits. These asset limits can force 
people to choose between going without necessary medication, or 
paying their light bills, or buying enough food, or making 
rent. An emergency bill of $2,100, a modest amount for some 
hospital stays, could leave a disabled person on SSI with no 
savings at all and snowballing consequences of carrying the 
debt.
    Ten years ago, Senator Casey's leadership in introducing 
and passing the ABLE Act changed the game. People whose 
disabilities began before age 26 can now access a savings 
vehicle that can conserve up to $100,000 total without their 
savings counting against them and determining eligibility for 
SSI and for Medicaid.
    Money in an ABLE account can be used for a wide range of 
qualified disability expenses, including otherwise unaffordable 
assistive technology and healthcare, as well as educational and 
employment-related costs. For many disabled people on Medicaid, 
an ABLE account is also their only available means to save for 
retirement.
    In recent years, NDI also championed Senator Casey's 
leadership in passing multiple improvements to ABLE, including 
the ABLE Age-Adjustment Act, which widened ABLE eligibility to 
people whose disabilities began by the age of 46. A provision 
that comes into effect a year from now and will ensure 
eligibility for more than 6.2 million additional people with 
disabilities, including one million veterans.
    As we look forward to the future of the ABLE Program, we 
know there are many opportunities for further growth and 
improvement, especially to benefit the most impoverished people 
with disabilities who may not be able to make contributions to 
an ABLE account, and disabled people who are working and 
earning enough to make contributions in excess of the current 
$18,000 annual limit.
    Members of the Senate are currently considering a range of 
improvements for the ABLE Program, all of which would greatly 
increase financial capability for people with disabilities. The 
ABLE Direct Deposit Act and the ABLE Employment Flexibility Act 
would codify common-sense improvements like allowing direct 
deposits and employer retirement contributions into enable 
account.
    The ABLE Awareness Act, the ABLE Tomorrow Act, and the 
ENABLE Act, would collectively support engagement and education 
efforts around ABLE to increase enrollment for eligible 
beneficiaries, protect against Medicaid claw backs after a 
beneficiary's death, and allow one-time lump sum contributions 
over the annual limit.
    Language in these bills would also permanently adopt 
provisions, allowing additional contributions to ABLE accounts 
for working people with disabilities, a savers credit for ABLE 
contributions and rollovers from 529 Education savings accounts 
to ABLE accounts.
    Opportunities remain for increasing economic opportunity 
and participation for people with disabilities who deserve to 
have the full range of financial choices and freedom as people 
without disabilities. Future legislative efforts can expand 
eligibility to more people with disabilities, protect rights of 
youth in the foster system and adults under guardianship, and 
increase disabled people's ability to save for retirement on 
par with non-disabled people.
    NDI believes in a future where all people, both disabled 
and non-disabled, can be assured of basic economic security and 
opportunity. This includes a future in which disabled workers 
can save for retirement on par with non-disabled workers, and 
disabled people have no ceiling on the amount of income they 
can earn and savings they can build just like everyone else.
    Senator Casey, please know that you have made a difference. 
Thank you, again, today, for the opportunity to speak before 
this Committee. I urge you to continue championing policies 
that advance equity, financial inclusion, and economic 
opportunity for people with disabilities. Together we can 
create a society where all people have the resources and 
opportunities to achieve financial stability and economic 
security.
    The Chairman. Counselor Brown, thank you very much, and 
thanks to the work of NDI. Mayor McDevitt.

           STATEMENT OF MAYOR NEIL MCDEVITT, MAYOR OF
             NORTH WALES, NORTH WALES, PENNSYLVANIA

    Mr. McDevitt. Good afternoon. As a resident of the 
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, I'm heartened to sit before 
Senators Casey and Fetterman on this special day, Ranking 
Member Braun, and other members of the Committee. Thank you for 
welcoming me today.
    I sit before you today as the mayor of North Wales Borough, 
an amazing community of 3,400 residents in Montgomery County 
just outside of Philadelphia. That may not be remarkable in 
itself. There are, after all, over 519,000 elected officials in 
the United States today. I am unique in that I am, as far as 
we're able to tell, the first deaf person to be elected to the 
Office of Mayor who uses American Sign Language as their 
primary means of communication. I'm also a proud alum of 
Gallaudet University right here in Washington, DC.
    As an elected official who uses American Sign Language, and 
the first one in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, I found out 
very quickly where the barriers are. In a tiny community like 
North Wales, I'm blessed that the borough council and borough 
manager wisely had funds set aside in their budgets long before 
I was elected to ensure accommodations for people with 
disabilities.
    I know that this is fairly unique to small communities 
across the United States. The sad truth is that I don't have 
enough funds available to cover all of my interpreting needs, 
and I need to pick and choose where I spend those funds. 
Senator Casey, I shared the challenges I had with you and your 
staff in your research. You also found another barrier that 
exists for people with disabilities who want to get involved in 
politics.
    That is, if a person with a disability simply runs for any 
office, be it paid, barely paid, or unpaid, they can lose their 
Supplemental Security Income, SSI, or Social Security 
Disability Insurance Income SSDI, even if they don't raise any 
money or they lose their election.
    In two separate congressional sessions, Senator Casey 
presented two bills. The Removing Access Barriers to Running 
for Elected Office for People with Disabilities Act would 
address the discriminatory language in the Social Security Act 
that penalized people with disabilities for running for office.
    The second was the Aid Accessibility and Inclusion to 
Diversity Local Government Leadership Act of 2024 to address my 
challenge, that is, for small communities like North Wales 
Borough. It would establish a grant to re reimburse those 
municipalities for accommodation expenses they incur for any 
elected and appointed officials with disabilities.
    These bills are a critical step toward addressing a glaring 
gap in the demographics of our elected officials. Out of the 
over 519,000 elected officials across the country, I am 
personally aware of only five who use American Sign Language, 
nationally, today. If our elected officials truly represented 
our populations, we'd have over 1,550 elected officials today 
using American Sign Language. Extending that further, current 
estimates say that 10 percent of all elected officials have a 
disability of some type, but 28.7 percent of the population has 
a disability.
    The unfortunate conclusion is that our elected officials 
are not representative of the people whom they serve. The 
reality is that the Americans with Disabilities Act, ADA, is 
the last great civil rights bill that was passed with true 
bipartisan support. As I said during my remarks at the White 
House's Disability Pride event a few months ago, "I woke up one 
morning with rights I did not go to bed with." The ADA made 
millions of Americans first class citizens in our own 
communities overnight.
    In the 34 years since the ADA was passed, our political 
will toward safeguarding these vital human and civil rights 
have weakened significantly. I call on congressional leadership 
and Senators from both parties to recommit to protecting these 
vital rights and services for millions of Americans. I ask you 
to look beyond the rhetoric of soundbite politics, and listen 
carefully to the people who would actually be affected by the 
policies that have been suggested or proposed by members of the 
incoming administration.
    The next Congress can take positive and proactive steps 
toward ensuring the civil and human rights of people with 
disabilities. First, the passage of Senator Casey's bills 
referenced earlier would be an excellent first step toward 
ensuring that our elected officials are truly representative of 
the communities whom they serve.
    Congress must also ensure that all United States citizens 
are able to freely participate in every American experience. 
This requires full funding and dedication of the U.S. 
Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division, to work closely 
with municipalities and counties to ensure that all Americans 
have full access to vote and to take part in their communities.
    Senator Casey, you have been a steadfast ally of North 
Wales Borough, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and millions 
of disabled and deaf Americans. We owe you a debt that can 
never be repaid. Thank you.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Mayor. Thanks very much. I really 
appreciate you being here with us. Ai-Jen Poo. Thank you, Ai-
Jen.

          STATEMENT OF AI-JEN POO, PRESIDENT, NATIONAL

         DOMESTIC WORKERS ALLIANCE, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR,

          CARING ACROSS GENERATIONS, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

    Ms. Poo. Chairman Casey, Ranking Member Braun, and members 
of the Committee, thank you for the opportunity to testify this 
morning. My name is Ai-Jen Poo, and I'm the president of the 
National Domestic Workers Alliance, and executive director of 
Caring Across Generations. We are proud members of Care Can't 
Wait; a national coalition working to create good care jobs and 
guarantee affordable care for all who need it. I represent the 
family caregivers and the care workers who are struggling 
within an anemic patchwork system to provide essential support 
to disabled people and older adults.
    In the United States, Federal Medicaid dollars, not 
Medicare, Medicaid pay for the vast majority of long-term care, 
including wages for direct care workers, but Medicaid long-term 
care programs suffer from persistent gross underinvestment. As 
a result, over 710,000 people remain on waiting lists for 
Medicaid, home, and community-based services, or HCVS.
    Unpaid family caregivers and underpaid care workers are 
left to fill the gaps. Unpaid caregiving is worth more than $1 
trillion per year. Direct care workers, who are majority women 
of color and immigrants, earn an average of just $25,000 per 
year. Nearly half rely on public assistance to make ends meet, 
and the workers, therefore, that we are counting on to care for 
us, cannot care for themselves or their own families on the 
wages they earn. Many are forced to leave these jobs for fast 
food or retail jobs where they can earn more, increasing 
training and turnover costs for employers impacting the quality 
of care for families and feeding a workforce crisis that exists 
in states across the Nation.
    Thankfully, there are solutions. The American Rescue Plan 
Act resulted in over $36 billion in investments toward 
Medicaid, home-and community-based services, and higher wages 
for direct care workers. All 50 states took this funding 
because of the urgent need for care in every State, but this 
funding is short-term set to expire in March 2025, leaving the 
system vulnerable at precisely the time when we need more 
access to services, not less.
    Every day in America, 10,000 of us turn 65, and we're 
living longer than ever before. The number of adults over the 
age of 85 is expected to double by the year 2040. We will need 
a thriving direct care workforce to help meet the demand care 
jobs already consistently rank among the largest and fastest 
growing occupations in the entire economy because of the 
overwhelming need.
    Here, again, we have solutions we can invest in raising 
wages and supporting workers' rights to join a union and 
negotiate collectively for better wages and benefits. We know 
this works, and there's enormous return on this investment, not 
only in the dignity for the workers and the people who rely on 
their services, but the economic opportunity they enable, both 
for disabled people and working family caregivers who need care 
in order to work. Or in Senator Casey's words, "Some of us need 
a bridge or a tunnel to get to work and others need care."
    This is all out of reach without increasing federal funding 
for Medicaid. It is shocking that the discussion has returned 
once again to cutting Medicaid at the exact moment when we 
should be investing in it. Reductions in Medicaid funding will 
heighten the workforce crisis, the care crisis, push higher 
costs onto states that can't afford it. States will be forced 
to cut services and limit eligibility, which will literally put 
millions of lives at risk.
    Instead of cuts, we should be passing policies like the 
HCBS Access Act, the Better Care Better Jobs Act, the Long-Term 
Care Workforce Support Act, the HCBS Relief Act to support 
freedom, dignity, and security of disabled people, and really 
of all of us. These bills all share one sponsor, Senator Bob 
Casey.
    In closing, I want to thank you, Senator Casey. You are a 
generational leader on these generational challenges that we 
face as a Nation. Millions of lives have been improved because 
of your leadership and hard work, this arena of policy and the 
advocates who work on them who have filled this hearing room 
this morning are exponentially stronger because of you.
    While it is daunting to face the challenges ahead without 
you at the helm, we are determined to carry the torch forward 
truly. Truly, thank you, Senator.
    The Chairman. Ai-Jen, thank you so much for those words, 
and for your leadership, and your ever-determined and effective 
advocacy, and we'll get to our questions now. Senator 
Gillibrand, I've been instructed to yield to you, if you want 
to start.
    Senator Gillibrand. Mr. Chairman, I hope no one instructed 
you to do anything, but I really think this hearing is such a 
testament to who you are and what service you've provided for 
this community your whole public career, and I have personally 
admired having you as my chairman, and watching you and seeing 
how you've led this Committee on such important issues. It is a 
true honor and privilege to get to serve with you, and I think 
I speak for the entire community that benefits from this 
Committee and your work that we are eternally grateful.
    I am very excited that we have this panel of witnesses 
today. Each of you contribute so much to the conversation that 
we're having and so much to the solutions that this Committee 
is trying to put forward. I've been very proud to work on and 
lead the Domestic Workers Bill of Rights Act with my colleague, 
Senator Casey. It ensures that workers caring for our families 
are respected, are protected, and our compensated fairly for 
the vital work that they do every day for our families and our 
communities.
    Ms. Poo, what should we know about how the Domestic Workers 
Bill of Rights strengthens the paid care workforce and help 
support family caregivers? What change and improvement for 
people with disabilities could we expect to see if it was 
actually enacted?
    Ms. Poo. Thank you so much for your leadership and for this 
question, Senator Gillibrand. It's nice to see you. The 
Domestic Workers Bill of Rights Act will ensure the care 
workforce is treated like other workers in our economy with 
access to a safe workplace, sick leave, overtime pay, and 
protection from discrimination and harassment.
    A standards board will allow employers, enforcement 
agencies, and workers, to work together to improve conditions, 
which will help secure the workforce that then supports 
disabled people and family caregivers, people who need the 
supports and the services. Family caregivers also support this 
bill because they recognize that a protected care workforce is 
really the backbone of the economy, and that care work is the 
work that makes all other work possible. We must ensure that 
these jobs are quality jobs and many domestic workers are also 
disabled, so this is about opportunity and security for all of 
us.
    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you so much. Working age adults 
with disabilities remain employed at less than half the rate of 
people without disabilities, and are twice as likely to live in 
poverty. We have to do much more to support employers and 
workplaces that have made employment truly accessible and 
inclusive for people with disabilities. Ms. Willman, what are 
the biggest obstacles you faced founding the White Cane Coffee 
Company, and what about operating it now?
    Ms. Willman. I think some of the hardest things that we 
faced when we first opened up White Cane Coffee is sort of 
getting the word out. Having people take us seriously as a 
company. Many people saw us as the cute little coffee shop run 
by a blind girl. I am a serious business woman, and I want to 
make that clear. I don't want to be just the best blind 
business owner. I just want to be the best.
    We strive for that every day. I have won international 
awards, and I am very proud of that, and even more so, I am 
proud of my work staff for helping me achieve these goals.
    Senator Gillibrand. How could we help entrepreneurs who 
want to start businesses like yours, Ms. Willman?
    Ms. Willman. I think what we need to do is, again, treat 
them like people and support them in every way we can, and with 
having the RISE Act implemented, it will have people be more 
educated to be able to start their own businesses, and also, if 
we--you know I've lost the word. If we implement 
apprenticeships more often, more students will be able to have 
firsthand work so that whenever they go to start their own job, 
they can feel a sense of confidence. Thank you.
    Senator Gillibrand. Mr. Orrell, this is something we 
obviously want to work on a bipartisan basis, and I know that 
there could be also some tax policies that could help 
businesses like the White Cane Coffee Company to be able to 
empower their employees with disabilities to live full 
independent lives.
    I also have met many people with disabilities who had 
sponsors to help them do their jobs in the workplace, and to be 
an advocate within the workplace for them to make sure that 
they can work at their fullest capabilities, so, Mr. Orrell, 
what do you think on those topics?
    Mr. Orell. Thank you for the question. I think that we need 
to focus on the incentive side of the equation which is how can 
we support businesses in making this transition? Whether it's 
redesigning jobs, redesigning workplaces, or some other kinds 
of investments in bringing more disabled people into the 
workforce. I think that's far more effective than trying to 
impose a mandate on employers.
    I think that actually is counterproductive. It builds 
resistance. What we need to do is to show business people that 
with a combination of the talent that disabled people have, and 
the support that they can get through tax incentives and other 
incentives that it's a good business decision for them.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Senator Gillibrand, we'll turn 
next to Senator Scott.
    Senator Rick Scott. Thank you, Chairman. First, I want to 
thank everybody for being here. First, Chairman Casey and 
Ranking Member Braun, thank you for your service. Chairman 
Casey, it's been great to work with you over the past six years 
as you highlight the needs of older Americans. I want to thank 
you for your hard work over the last couple years in these 
Committee meetings. I know it's a lot of work, and you've done 
a great job.
    Ranking Member Braun, I'm proud to have the opportunity to 
call you a friend and a partner on so many things to help 
make--work for the American people. We came up at the same 
time. You're going to be a great Governor. You're going to do a 
great job. I'll do everything I can to help you become the 
number one Governor in the country.
    We're top co-sponsors of each other's legislation. Over the 
past six years, the time we've both been up here, I've joined 
71 pieces of legislation from your office, and you've joined 67 
for mine. For both of you, I look forward to watching what you 
do with your post-Senate careers. I know what Senator Braun's 
going to do, and Senator Casey, I wish you the best of luck.
    Everyone in the United States, regardless of disability, 
deserves to have a chance at the American Dream. 
Overregulation, outdated laws inhibiting this need to be 
reviewed, cut, and rewritten. For example, as of today, 
individuals who are in the supplemental security income program 
can only have $2,000 in assets, with couples only allowed 
$3,000, jointly. This law hasn't been updated in decades and is 
hurting everyday Americans. It's time for a change.
    I'm proud to join my colleagues in supporting the SSI 
Savings Penalty Elimination Act to encourage financial 
stability for individuals in the SSI program. Individuals with 
disabilities shouldn't be held back from receiving their 
federal benefits due to the government not being compliant with 
federal accessibility laws.
    In 2022, The Washington Post issued an alarming report that 
blind and disabled veterans can't properly access via websites. 
That's wrong. Last year, Chairman Casey and I, introduced the 
Veterans Accessibility Act to address this issue. I'm happy to 
continue this fight in the next Congress to make some 
meaningful reforms and help our veterans with disabilities.
    Mr. Orrell, how can we ensure that reforms to SSI encourage 
work and independence rather than perpetuating dependency?
    Mr. Orell. Well, I think the good news is that we are 
seeing in the economy, given how robust it has been, 
significant improvements in workforce participation. Some of 
those people probably in the past might have wound up on 
disability payments, so, and this is something that Senator 
Braun addressed in his opening statement, which is the most 
important factor in keeping people from becoming dependent is a 
robust economy that pulls people into the workforce.
    I do think that there's a need to address the incentives 
within these disability programs so that the first thing that 
we're thinking about is employment, and then we think about 
whether that person can benefit from access to Social Security 
Disability Income, SSI, and other programs, veterans benefits 
and so on, so that we have all of the arrows kind of pointed in 
the right direction.
    Work should be the default and access to benefit programs 
should be the exception. I don't want to see anybody who needs 
benefits denied, but I do think that we have had a history in 
the last several years, or decades really, of using these 
disability programs to warehouse people, and I think that's 
wrong. It's bad for the economy, it's bad for the people, and 
it's something that we really need to revisit across the board 
in disability programs.
    Senator Rick Scott. What would be your number one market-
based solution to help people that have disabilities?
    Mr. Rick Orell. I think that we have to recognize that 
mandating higher wages, mandating inclusion policies that 
require certain numbers of people with disabilities have the 
effect of making access to jobs more difficult for people with 
disabilities, so, I think we need to--in some ways, it's things 
that we should try to avoid doing if we can avoid the 
disincentives toward work.
    Senator Rick Scott. Ms. Willman, I look forward to coming 
to your coffee shop someday. How would raising the SSI asset 
limit impact the ability of individuals with disabilities to 
start and grow with their businesses?
    Ms. Willman. I believe that they would be less afraid to 
make the steps that they need to make, and it takes a lot to 
start the business and to have enough assets. Assets will 
likely exceed the SSI cap, so, if that has changed, more people 
with disabilities would be able to start their own businesses.
    Senator Rick Scott. Thank you. Thank you, Chairman. Thank 
you, Ranking Member.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Senator Scott. As many of those 
who attend our hearings know, Senators are in and out. Some 
coming to ask questions, some, some here for a period of time 
and have to leave for other Committee hearings, other 
commitments on a Thursday, so, we'll have some Senators who 
will be here for questions and some who won't. I know earlier 
we had both Senator Blumenthal and Senator Kelly here, and 
we're expecting more Senators in just a little while. I'll 
start my questions, and then I'll turn to Ranking Member Braun, 
and we'll see where we are with other Senators coming in and 
out.
    I wanted to direct this question to both Ai-Jen Poo, and 
Counselor Brown. As the panel noted, people with disabilities 
represent at least 20 percent of the U.S. population, or more 
than 65 million people. I think most experts believe that 
number might be an under count, but that's roughly the number 
that that most people point to.
    It's been 34 years since we passed the so-called ADA, the 
Americans with Disabilities Act. Yet every day, people with 
disabilities continue to face barriers. We hear about this all 
the time. Barriers in making a living wage, barriers to 
building wealth, barriers to accessing higher education, as 
Erin Willman outlined, and of course, barriers to securing 
home-and community-based services.
    It's those barriers that continue to be the subject of a 
lot of our work, and will continue to be part of the challenges 
ahead of us, and ahead of the next Senate, the next 
administration, and I'm sure many after that.
    Despite the many advances that have been made to secure 
equal opportunity for people with disabilities, there's still 
so much more that we have to do, and I wanted to ask both 
Counselor Brown and Ai-Jen Poo with an eye toward the next 
Congress and the next administration, what disability policy do 
you think is the most important to address? And I know you 
might have a list, and that's okay, but if you could just 
itemize and maybe prioritize.
    Ms. Brown. This is Lydia speaking. Most importantly, for 
many people with disabilities, we need to continue to have 
access to and increase support for home and community-based 
services. These are services that are available and funded 
through Medicaid.
    I am echoing some of what Ai-Jen shared a few minutes ago 
during her testimony. People with disabilities rely upon those 
services in order to access employment, to enter the workforce, 
to stay in the workforce, to grow their earnings, and 
ultimately to grow their savings and to maintain participation 
in the mainstream economy. Over the last year, we know that 
employment for disabled people, we've calculated, is up 30 
percent. That is a dramatic and important increase for people 
with disabilities.
    With the right supports in place, people with disabilities 
are able to work in ways that support their bodies and minds. 
We are able to participate in the workplace. We want to 
participate in the workplace in ways that work for us, and 
ensuring that continued funding and increasing levels 
appropriately for Medicaid will guarantee that that can 
continue to happen.
    We also know that now the ABLE program, which has allowed 
many more people with disabilities to continue benefiting from 
Medicaid, has resulted in $2 billion--that's billion with a B, 
just to clarify, billion with a B - $2 billion saved through 
ABLE. There are 187,000 able accounts currently open. That's an 
average of $11,000 per account right now. Obviously, individual 
accounts might have greater or fewer assets in them.
    However, we do know that these provisions allow people with 
disabilities to get jobs, to keep those jobs, to save money, 
build their wealth for the future, and have a financial future.
    Ms. Poo. I will just simply build on Counselor Brown's 
thoughts here and say, I would like for Congress to prioritize 
your legislation, the Better Care Better Jobs Act. A 
breakthrough in that legislation is the knitting together of 
investments in services and the workforce, which are truly 
interdependent investments. You cannot have more access to 
services without a strong workforce in place, and without a 
strong workforce there is no foundation for home-and community-
based services.
    We were so grateful to have this legislation introduced, 
and the momentum that it has gained in the last few years is 
extraordinary, and I really hope that Congress will take this 
up, and in any case, we should not be entertaining cuts to 
Medicaid. 80 million people rely on Medicaid for healthcare and 
essential services.
    Millions of families rely on Medicaid, home-and community-
based services. If there are threats to Medicaid, lives will be 
at stake, and we cannot afford that in this country. It is not 
acceptable, and we just hope that this next Congress will 
protect Medicaid, and strengthen Medicaid, and invest in 
Medicaid home-and community-based services.
    The Chairman. Well, Ai-Jen, I wanted to emphasize what you 
just said; both the importance of advancing home-and community-
based services legislation, the Better Care Better Jobs Act. 
It's better that you said it first than I said it for the next 
Congress, the next administration.
    I thought it was also noteworthy and significant as well as 
you emphasize not cutting Medicaid, which it would be in a 
word, catastrophic, for the country and really beyond 
catastrophic for the most vulnerable.
    You also said on page two of your testimony, the American 
Rescue Plan Act resulted in over $36 billion to expand access 
to Medicaid home-and community-based services and raise wages 
for direct care workers, and then you put in bold, all caps, 
all 50 states took this funding because of the extensive need 
for care across the country.
    I emphasize those words from your testimony because this is 
no longer in the realm of theory. We have data now that every 
State has embraced this, at least to begin to erect a kind of 
foundation for home-and community-based services that does not 
exist in the United States of America.
    This great country that we are doesn't allow the choice for 
an individual, either a senior or a person with a disability to 
make the choice to say; I want to have care in my home. I have 
a disability. I want to be able to stay in the community. I 
don't want to be consigned only to an institutional setting. A 
lot of great nursing homes out there, most do a really good 
job, but an American ought to have a choice about where they 
get their care, where they live. It's basic to our dignity and 
our sense of who we are.
    I think it was noteworthy that the American Rescue Plan, 
which was not bipartisan, but when the dollars were available, 
all 50 states embraced it not because they had nothing else to 
do, or had some philosophical agreement with those of us who 
are advancing this idea, they embraced the dollars because 
their constituents, Democrats, Republicans, Independents, 
people they represent in these states are telling them, we want 
this. This is what we deserve as Americans.
    I think any public official who just throws up their hands 
and says, "Oh, well, we can't do that. It's too complicated," 
is going to find out that there are going to be people coming 
through their front door to demand this, and they should demand 
it, and we should, at the federal level, be instrumental in 
helping them. I went a little longer there. It's the last 
hearing, so.
    Senator Braun.
    Senator Braun. You are entitled to that, I think. Thank 
you. Mr. Orrell, when we put all the resources to significant 
issues like this, and in my opening statement talked about the 
general economy, which, you know, we've had record inflation 
over the last three to four years. The Federal Government has 
grown to like 25 percent of our GDP. It's never been 20 percent 
before, resources, all of them borrowed to kind of put us into 
those stats there, I'm curious, have more disabled individuals 
come into employment so we can see what's happened there. What 
can you tell us about--has it worked or have the negative 
consequences of higher inflation, higher debt--some would say a 
robust economy through government, but not in the real economy. 
What can we see with real stats there? Has it worked?
    Mr. Orell. I would say that it's very important in this to 
look across the entire federal budget. The resources going into 
disability programs can be very significant. Maybe $450 billion 
between SSI, SSDI, VA, Medicare, and Medicaid. It's a lot of 
money. We are spending about $4 trillion on regular Medicare, 
Medicaid, and the Affordable Care Act programs.
    It gives us some sense of the proportions that need to be 
addressed. I don't think there's a one measure solution to the 
budget deficit. I think we've got a big problem across the 
federal budget, and there are certainly bigger targets than 
disability that we need to address, but disability needs to be 
part of the mix.
    I would say for the long-term well-being of disabled people 
and the economy--or disabled people what they need most is a 
strong economy. This isn't an option. Like, it would be nice to 
have--it's important to have the programs, and it'd be nice to 
have a strong economy.
    A strong economy is the most important protective factor 
for people with disabilities, because it creates the revenues 
that makes it possible to provide the services that people with 
disabilities need, and it pulls them into the workforce. It 
enhances their dignity as individuals to be able to access 
employment. A hot economy does that, it does that better than 
anything else we can do.
    Senator Braun. Better than what government would be able to 
do through directing resources, even particularly at the 
problem?
    Mr. Orell. Let me say this, I have a son with autism who 
has benefited greatly from public services in our school system 
in Northern Virginia. He's now enrolled in a vocational 
training course run by the State of Virginia. I had a 
granddaughter, she passed away, who was severely disabled, and 
we needed round the clock nursing coverage for her. I do not 
diminish the importance of these programs at all. They do make 
a big contribution to the well-being of our citizens.
    The question is, do we have people on these benefit 
programs that would be better off with accommodations and 
supports that would allow them to work? We need their work. 
This isn't strictly altruism. We have an extremely tight labor 
market. We need to get more out of that labor market.
    Senator Braun. Then, has there been a measurement over the 
last four years? Have more disabled people come into the 
workforce significantly? Has it been flat or has it gone the 
other way?
    Mr. Orell. I would say, over the last decade, we've seen 
significant improvement in people working and disabled people 
moving into the workforce.
    Senator Braun. Any observation over the last four years 
where we've had dramatic inflation and economy has been 
government-driven as opposed to private sector-driven?
    Mr. Orell. I would say the evidence is mixed. We have seen 
a reduction in the number of people on disability that was 
driven by some regulatory changes about how we assess 
disability. Some of that reduction was due to people aging out 
of disability programs, so, it's not exactly clear the answer 
to the question, but we do know wage inequality has declined 
because of very strong employment market.
    We've got more people with disabilities in the workforce, 
and I think what that says to me is that a strong economy is 
the single most important aspect of what we need to be doing 
for people with disabilities.
    Senator Braun. One other question. In terms of the 
responsibility between the Federal Government and states--I'm 
going back to set the agenda, run a State. Generally, they work 
with balanced budgets. What's your opinion of how much of the 
responsibility should be done here versus there, and which 
would be more effective and use the resources more efficiently?
    Mr. Orell. I'm a big believer across federal programming 
that we need to devolve as much responsibility and authority 
over these programs out of Washington into the states. The 
states have a much better handle on the needs of their 
communities, the needs of the individuals living in those 
communities. I think that they need to be in charge as much as 
possible in the administration of these programs. The Federal 
Government's main role here, I think is providing a baseline 
set of resources that is administered by the states, and so, 
across the board, this isn't just disability. I think in 
workforce programs, it's the same challenge. States, Governors, 
local business communities, they know what's needed, and they 
need to be empowered to make those decisions.
    Senator Braun. Thank you.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Ranking Member Braun. I turn next 
to Senator Warren.
    Senator Warren. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Senator Casey has 
been a tireless champion for American families. As Chair of the 
Aging Committee, he has been right at the center of fights for 
rights for Americans with disabilities lowering the cost of 
childcare and elder care, and raising wages for workers.
    Megan Lukowski, a caregiver and disability advocate from 
Philadelphia, put it this way, "Senator Bob Casey opened his 
eyes to our families and saw the needs of our children. He 
opened his ears and listened to our lived experience. He opened 
his heart and genuinely cared about improving our children's 
situation, and as Senator of Pennsylvania time and time again, 
he opened his mouth to fight for our kids' access to care and 
to their community.
    It will always be scary sending a disabled child out into 
the world, but with Senator Casey representing us, we could 
rest assured, knowing that they had a champion in Washington." 
I ask that the statement regarding the chairman's work be 
entered in its entirety into the record.
    The Chairman. Without objection.
    Senator Warren. Thank you. American families need Congress 
to continue building on Senator Casey's legacy, but instead, 
the big-ticket agenda item for Republicans next year is a $4.5 
trillion extension of the Trump tax cuts, mostly for 
billionaires and billionaire corporations.
    Now, what could $4.5 trillion buy us instead? Well, we 
could restore the expanded child tax credit and the child and 
dependent care tax credit that Senator Casey helped pass in the 
American Rescue Plan to put more money into the pockets of 
working families. We could make home care for seniors and 
people with disabilities more affordable, as Senator Casey has 
championed. We could pass paid leave for every worker so that 
no one has to choose between a paycheck or caring for a loved 
one who needs help, and we could guarantee affordable childcare 
for every family in America.
    Now, I listened as Senator Braun and Mr. Orrell talk about 
how to build a strong economy, so, I want to pose that same 
question. I just want to do it slightly differently. Ms. Poo, 
you are president of the National Domestic Workers Alliance. 
That means that you represent two and a half million domestic 
workers. If we're going to spend $4.5 trillion dollars, I just 
want to know which is the better investment in our economy 
overall. This is not about for individuals, it's just what's 
going to make the economy work better? Is it lowering cost for 
families and raising wages for care workers on the one hand, or 
another tax giveaway largely sucked up by millionaires, 
billionaires, and giant corporations? Which is going to promote 
our economy more?
    Ms. Poo. Senator Warren, thank you so much for that 
question. I should hope that if we are going to spend $4.5 
trillion, that we're going to spend it on the needs of everyday 
American families. The cost of care in this country is 
astronomical. Childcare for two children costs more than rent 
in every State In America, the lack of paid leave costs 
Americans $22 billion annually, and the cost of aging and 
disability care at home costs between $62,000 and $280,000 per 
year.
    Instead of more handouts to billionaires and corporations, 
we can afford to ensure every child has access to high quality 
early childhood education, every worker in the U.S. has paid 
leave. As you said, we can raise wages for hardworking American 
families. That seems like the better return on investment.
    Senator Warren. I very much appreciate your underscoring 
this point. You know, the reminder that when we raise wages for 
caregivers, that means there are more caregivers available. 
More people will go in, more people will stay in. More people 
will make this a part of their careers, and what does that 
mean? There are more people who have other jobs that will be 
able to go to those jobs?
    You know, I think of this as the double investment.
    Ms. Poo. Yes.
    Senator Warren. The investment that is the right investment 
for those who need the care and the families that are 
struggling to give it, but also the investment if we want more 
workers in our economy, one of the ways we get more workers in 
our economy is to have care for those who need care at home.
    President Trump and Republicans in Congress have been clear 
that their plans to pay for the next tax giveaway to 
billionaires and billionaire corporations is to slash 
investments that actually grow our economy and support these 
good jobs. They plan to cut programs like Social Security. 
They're planning higher taxes on everyday items that families 
buy like groceries and cash. Next year's tax fight will be an 
opportunity to show the American people whose side they are on; 
the side of billionaires who are clamoring for more handouts, 
or on the side of hardworking Americans.
    Chairman Casey, I know which side you are on. I just want 
to say thank you for your leadership, for your determination, 
and for everything that you have done for American families. It 
is an honor to fight alongside you.
    The Chairman. Senator Warren, thanks so much for your 
comments, and also for the great advocacy that you undertake 
every day on behalf of the people of the Commonwealth of 
Massachusetts, and the American people, and especially American 
families. I'm so grateful for your work, and we will miss 
working with you.
    Senator Warren. Thank you.
    The Chairman. Senator Warnock.
    Senator Warnock. Thank you so very much, Chair Casey. I 
just want to echo the sentiments of Senator Warren and so many 
others, and take this opportunity to thank you so very much for 
your fine leadership in the Senate and on this Committee. 
Certainly, on behalf of Pennsylvanians, but also on behalf of 
Georgians, on behalf of the American people you have been a 
dedicated public servant in the tradition of your family 
centering the most marginalized members of the human family, 
the disabled, the elderly, the poor.
    Just the four-years that I've served on this Committee, 
you've improved access to healthcare, you've strengthened 
protections for seniors, you've centered people with 
disabilities so that all Americans can survive can thrive, and 
we can have an economy that, that serves the whole country, so, 
thank you so much, and I look forward to continuing the great 
work on this Committee.
    Nearly 15 years after the passage of the Affordable Care 
Act, 10 states, including sadly my State of Georgia, have not 
fully expanded Medicaid. Georgia has the dubious distinction in 
fact of being the only State in the country that currently 
requires low-income folks to jump through bureaucratic 
paperwork hoops in order to satisfy work requirements to access 
Medicaid.
    Let me underscore that. That they want you to jump through 
these bureaucratic hoops to get healthcare, rather than 
recognizing that a baseline of healthcare is necessary to have 
a strong workforce. It's been a drag on the Georgia economy to 
be sure. Ms. Poo, how do Medicaid work requirements, in your 
view, affect people with disabilities?
    Ms. Poo. Senator Warnock, Medicaid work requirements, in 
general, quite simply do not work. The vast majority of 
Medicaid enrollees are working.
    Senator Warnock. Right.
    Ms. Poo. Period. The remaining enrollees are family 
caregivers, students, disabled people, who may not be working 
for very legitimate reasons, including lack of access to 
caregiving services.
    Work requirements are also administratively so burdensome, 
as you referred to states spend millions of dollars to set up 
systems to manage work requirements. Meanwhile, disabled people 
are particularly harmed by Medicaid work requirements because 
of the lack of accessible formats for work reporting in State 
systems, barriers to receiving reasonable and accommodations in 
order to work employment discrimination, and the high burden of 
proof to qualify as disabled.
    Instituting work requirements means disabled people, family 
caregivers, direct care workers who provide critical care, 
disabled people, and older adults caught in red tape, lose 
their health insurance, and suffer, all while costing State 
budgets millions in administrative costs that should simply 
just be going toward making sure people have healthcare.
    Senator Warnock. I appreciate your clarifying the 
consequences of these political talking points that folks make, 
because that's what it is. It's not reality. It is talking 
points.
    I'll give you another example from Georgia. There was a 
young woman whom I had the honor of meeting. Her name is 
Heather. Heather is a traveling nurse from Dalton, Georgia, and 
she falls in the Medicaid coverage gap that unfortunately we 
still have in Georgia. I brought her with me as my guest for 
the State of the Union address, and I've been dealing with 
addressing this Medicaid gap since long before I came to the 
Senate.
    After experiencing a series of small strokes that left her 
unable to work full-time, Heather started the very lengthy 
process of applying for Social Security Disability Insurance, 
SSI, which will allow her to automatically qualify for 
Medicaid. While she waits for a decision on whether she meets 
the strict requirements of SSI, Heather, who is a nurse who 
dedicated her life to caring for patients, ironically, can't 
afford to pay for her own medical care out-of-pocket because 
she doesn't have enough to qualify subsidy for subsidies to buy 
private insurance.
    That's a tragic irony. It's a woman who spent her life 
attending to other people's healthcare needs, and she's stuck 
in the healthcare gap in Georgia. Ms. Poo, should we be making 
it easier or harder for folks with disabilities for like 
Heather to access affordable healthcare, and why?
    Ms. Poo. Senator, we should always be making it easier for 
people to access healthcare. For millions of disabled people 
with high health needs, Medicaid is a critical lifeline to care 
that prevents unnecessary hospitalizations, improves health 
outcomes, and helps bring people who can work into the 
workforce.
    People with disabilities cannot afford cuts to Medicaid, 
and let me be clear, that work requirements equate to massive 
cuts to the program that would lead to less services for 
healthcare and care in the home. In Georgia alone, more than 
7,000 people are already on waiting lists for Medicaid, home-
and community-based services. Services they depend on for their 
very basic needs. We have the opportunity to invest in Medicaid 
and ensure that more people can have access to healthcare, and 
the aging and disability care in the community they deserve.
    Senator Warnock. Just so it's clear to the folks who are 
listening, non-elderly adult caregivers, who make under 100 
percent of the federal poverty level, are they eligible for 
Medicaid in Georgia?
    Ms. Poo. No, they're not.
    Senator Warnock. Caregiving is not a qualifying activity 
for the work requirement. Is that correct?
    Ms. Poo. That is correct.
    Senator Warnock. Thank you for your advocacy. Again, 
Senator Casey, thank you for your incredible work on this and 
so many other issues. I could say so much about Bob Casey, but 
it's better said really by his own constituents, and if he 
would just give me a moment as chair, the following testimonial 
is from Anna, a mother and an advocate from Hanover, 
Pennsylvania.
    She said, "I brought my children to meet Senator Casey in 
his office in DC in the summer of 2017. I wanted him to hear 
our story. I wanted him to understand what Medicaid had done 
for our family, how it lifted us out of poverty and saved us 
from losing our home." She said, "I quickly learned that 
Senator Casey already had a deep understanding of the positive 
impacts of Medicaid. He listened intently to our story, and 
that day he became connected to our family. When speaking of 
Senator Casey, I always tell people," she said, "he's the real 
deal. He truly cares about his constituents. He remembers their 
names, he remembers their stories."
    Please know that your absence in the Senate will be mourned 
by both the disabled and able-bodied people, not only of 
Pennsylvania, but of Georgia people all across the country. 
Thank you for representing us so well. Thank you for your 
service to all of us.
    I ask that this statement regarding the chairman's work be 
entered, if the Chairman does not object----in its entirety, 
into the record.
    The Chairman. Without objection. Thank you, Senator 
Warnock, for referencing a constituent of mine, so many of them 
that you've worked with and I've worked with in our states take 
on these battles, to be advocates, and sometimes against long 
odds, and to stop the kind of cuts that were presented in those 
days, but will be likely part of the dialog next year, so, I 
know you'll be in that fight. Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Warnock. Thank you, sir.
    The Chairman. Appreciate it. I just have a couple more 
questions. I wanted to get to a question earlier to Erin 
Willman about subminimum wage. Erin, you shared in your 
testimony how you started the White Cane Coffee Company because 
of lack of job opportunities that you and your brothers faced 
as people with disabilities. You made it a priority to pay your 
employees a fair wage and to provide high quality jobs.
    Unfortunately, that's not the case for all employers. The 
Department of Labor has recently announced a proposed rule to 
phaseout subminimum wages to workers with disabilities, but we 
all know that more work needs to be done to make this goal a 
reality. I have bipartisan legislation to do that, and we're 
working even these last number of days of the year and of my 
time in the Senate to pass that.
    Erin, I wanted to ask you, what advice would you give to 
employers, because you are one, and to people with disabilities 
about how to ensure full equitable access to both fair wages 
and high-quality jobs?
    Ms. Willman. Thank you, Senator Casey. I think that 
employers should really do their research to see what benefits 
they can find to be able to pay their employees a proper for 
wage. It is difficult out here for us, and so we are doing our 
best, and for the employees, they should know their worth, and 
know that what they put into the job, they will get out of it, 
especially if you find the job that does pay a livable wage.
    The Chairman. Well, your testimony is especially 
significant and compelling because you see these issues from 
the perspective of someone who lives with a disability and also 
someone who has been an employer, and a successful employer, 
and an employer of people with disabilities, so, we're grateful 
for that perspective.
    Mayor McDevitt, I wanted to ask you a question about the 
issues you raised about running for elected office which, which 
I have done not with the challenges and barriers that you 
faced, and I wanted to thank you for sharing your story. You've 
shared with me and with our colleagues the challenges you faced 
as a person with disabilities running for elected office, and 
the lack of funding for reasonable accommodations for elected 
officials with disabilities to perform their duties once 
they're elected.
    You are the inspiration for a bill that I introduced called 
the Accessibility and Inclusion to Diversity Local Government 
Leadership Act, which you made reference to. However, there is 
a lot more work to do to ensure that people with disabilities 
are represented in all levels of office.
    Mr. Mayor, as we look to the future, what can we do to help 
reduce barriers for people with disabilities to run for and 
serve in public office?
    Mr. McDevitt. Thank you, Senator Casey. As I mentioned the 
bill that you introduced, the AID Act, the Accessibility and 
Inclusion for Diversity Local Governance Leadership Act, would 
be a huge step in the right direction because it would remove 
the cost of accommodations for anyone who wishes to run or 
campaign today.
    Now, for example, it feels like open season. Any issue can 
become politicized, so, by removing the cost of accommodations 
from the discussion, we can focus on the person's abilities, 
their ability to represent people in their community. One 
wonderful example of this in the past with Senator Fetterman's 
election, people questioned his ability to represent the State, 
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, because the accommodations 
became an issue that should not have been an issue. It should 
not have been for discussion. Local governments are probably 
the most accessible place for people to start in terms of the 
political field, so, your Act would ensure that all politicians 
of both parties would be welcome to the table, and that would 
be a key first step.
    The Chairman. Thank you very much, and thanks for being 
both an advocate and a model for those who would seek to run 
for public office with a disability. We're grateful for that, 
and, of course, that inspiration has spread, I think, at least 
across our State, and I'm sure well beyond. Because, of course, 
Erin ran for State representative and we're grateful that she 
took on that challenge, and Erin, if I know anything about 
politics, you can run again, so, don't let that be your last 
election after you make a lot of money in that coffee company.
    I wanted to close. Ai-Jen, I wanted to see if there's 
anything else you wanted to add to the record, or anyone else 
for that matter. If you have anything else you wanted, you can 
certainly add written statements to the record that would 
amplify or, or, or add to your testimony.
    Ms. Poo. Mr. Chairman, before I end my time, I would like 
to take a moment to read a message from one of your 
Pennsylvania constituents. It's a statement from Dr. Amy 
Houtrow, physician and disability advocate from Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, the city where I was born, actually.
    "In the disability justice movement, you often hear the 
rallying cry, nothing about us without us. Senator Casey has 
taken this to heart, and brings people with disabilities to the 
table. Make sure they have a seat at that table, and a voice 
that is heard and respected. In a world where people with 
disabilities are marginalized, disregarded, dehumanized, and 
discarded, Senator Casey has used his authority, time, and 
efforts to elevate issues faced by disabled people."
    Pennsylvanians, especially disabled Pennsylvanians, and all 
disabled Americans, have a champion in Senator Casey. I know 
that even after his Senate term ends, we still will.
    I ask that the statement regarding the chairman's work be 
entered in its entirety into the record.
    The Chairman. Without objection.
    Again, Ai-Jen, thank you for reading that into the record 
in this last hearing. I'm reminded, I was sitting here in an 
Aging Committee hearing back about, gosh, it must be a decade 
ago now. More than a decade, 12 years ago. The chairman of the 
Aging Committee then was Herb Kohl from Wisconsin, and Herb was 
a pretty low-key person, and apparently before the hearing, he 
instructed everyone not to make statements that would be 
laudatory of the chairman, and they did it anyway.
    I know now I know what Herb was feeling, what he was 
thinking at that moment, but I'm so grateful for those 
statements about my service, and in particular, the service of 
those who have served with me, and my staff, and for purposes 
of today, especially the aging Committee staff, which I'll make 
reference to in a moment, but because of time, we do have to 
wrap up, and I will there may be more questions for the record 
that we will submit for our witnesses, but I do want to start 
by thanking our witnesses for their, their testimony and the, 
the unique expertise that they bring to a hearing like this. 
Both expertise that has its origin in their academic work, as 
advocates, or researchers, or experts in the field, but also 
that they bring to bear their own personal experience when they 
come to testify at this hearing and hearings like that we've 
had in the Aging Committee, so, we're grateful for that. We're 
grateful for their testimony.
    We know that based upon what we've heard today, there's a 
lot more work that must be done to protect the lives of and the 
rights of individuals with disabilities. Whether it's living 
wages or wealth building access to higher education, accessible 
technology, home-and community-based services, and 
accessibility to ensure civic participation, these are just a 
few, not an exhaustive list of the many issues that people with 
disabilities face every day.
    As Ai-Jen Poo just made reference to, there's a constant 
refrain over the years from the disability community; Nothing 
about us, without us. My job as chairman of this Committee has 
never been to speak on behalf of seniors, or on behalf of 
people with disabilities, or the disability community. My job 
has been instead to be an advocate, as best I could do it, to 
be an advocate and to work as chairman to raise up the voices 
of both older Americans and people with disabilities.
    As I said in my opening statement, and we've heard from our 
witnesses, this work is not done. There's a lot more work to 
do, and we all have an obligation to do that work. Elected 
officials play a role. Advocates play a role. The business 
community plays a role. Every segment of society, every sector 
of our economy has a role to play in lifting up and affirming 
the rights of and the dignity of, and the contributions of 
people with disabilities, so we've got to continue to advance 
disability policy that makes it possible for people with 
disabilities to be fully engaged Americans to lead full lives, 
to enjoy the full measure of American freedom.
    I want to express my gratitude, in particular, for the work 
we've done, to the Aging Committee staff, led by our staff 
director, Lizzie Letter, who's over my left shoulder, and 
Michael Gamal McCormick, who's right over my right, and your 
left with that cool green tie on. Michael, and Lizzie, and 
their team have been extraordinary advocates in their own 
right, as well as Aging Committee staffers; working on 
hearings, working on research and investigations, and other 
work on behalf of seniors and on behalf of people with 
disabilities.
    I will, without objection, enter into the record a list of 
Aging Committee staff members who are members of the staff as 
of December 2024, as we conclude this 118th Congress.
    I also note for the record that we have a former Aging 
Committee Staff Director, Kate Mevis, who's in the audience 
sitting next to our incomparable Chief of Staff, Kristen 
Gentile, for their work. Kristen, presently, and for over many 
years, and Kate, when she was a member of the Aging Committee 
staff and leading that staff in those years, and without 
objection ranking member Braun's closing State will be made 
part of the hearing record.
    Again, I've enjoyed working with Ranking Member Braun, and 
wish him well in his next assignment in public service, and 
once again, I want to thank the witnesses, and frankly, by 
extension, all the witnesses who have appeared before our 
Committee over the years for their contributions.
    I have 35 statements for the record, some of which we heard 
today from Pennsylvania constituents that I'll enter into the 
record without objection.
    If any Senators have additional questions for the witnesses 
or statements to be added, the hearing record will be kept open 
until next Wednesday, December the 18th.
    Let me conclude with just a couple of thoughts about 
disability policy. We know, as I made reference to earlier, the 
Americans with Disabilities Act passed in 1990, set four goals 
for people with disabilities. Number one, economic security. 
Number two, full participation. Number three, independent 
living, and number four, equal opportunity.
    We've made great strides on all four, but the full 
realization of those four goals still lies ahead of us. Not 
just ahead of us, for those who will be serving in Congress, 
but lies ahead of us as Americans. We all play a role in 
advancing those goals.
    I leave my chairmanship of this Committee with a charge for 
everyone to continue to build on that progress and to 
ultimately achieve those goals. It's been an honor
    to serve as chair of this Special Committee on Aging. It's 
been an honor to serve in the Senate these 18 years.
    I want to thank you-all for participating today. This 
concludes our hearing. Thank you.
    [Whereupon, at 11:47 a.m., the hearing was adjourned.]     
      
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                                APPENDIX
                                
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                      Prepared Witness Statements

=======================================================================
     

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Prepared Witness Statement

                              Brent Orrell

    Chairman Casey, Ranking Member Braun and members of the 
committee, thank you for the opportunity to testify on the 
critical issues facing aging and disabled members of the 
American workforce. I'd like to frame my remarks on this topic 
in two different but interrelated dimensions of concern: the 
practical demands of the American economy and the moral 
requirements of American society.
    The largest single factor shaping the nation's economic 
future is demographics. Like all developed countries, America's 
population growth is slowing and, as a result, it is also 
aging. In 1960, the fertility rate in the U.S. was 3.6 children 
per woman. Today that figure has fallen to 1.6 children per 
woman. Over the same period, the median age has risen from 29.5 
years to 38.9 years. Between 2000 and 2005, our working-age 
population grew by 12 million workers; that is in stark 
contrast to the more recent period between 2017 and 2022, in 
which our workforce grew by just 1.7 million.
    Demographics are the chief driver of economic growth and 
living standards. Demographically older countries work less, 
buy less, consume fewer non-health related services, and are 
generally less economically dynamic. Our own country is not 
exempt from these realities. While we cannot quickly produce 
more people, we can do more to engage economically and socially 
marginalized populations-older workers, individuals with 
physical and cognitive disabilities, people with criminal 
records, and others-to help sustain and maximize economic 
growth. From the standpoints of worker shortages and economic 
dynamism, we literally do not have a single person to waste.
    This brings us to the moral dimension. Being an American 
means believing in the intrinsic dignity and worth of each 
individual. Work is one of the most important ways we have to 
express and develop that dignity. Free markets allow us to 
align our interests, knowledge and skills to the needs of the 
broader economy and our fellow citizens. This need for 
recognition, connection, and community, and the satisfactions 
of contributing to the larger whole, is just as essential to 
older and disabled Americans as it is to anyone else.
    If we fail to recognize, understand, and support the 
dignity-reciprocity dynamic that work enables, we are not just 
hobbling ourselves economically, we are failing to honor the 
nation's most important idea: that every human being is 
entitled to equality and dignity. To do well economically, we 
must also do good morally, paying special attention to those 
like older and disabled workers, who might otherwise find 
themselves left behind in the race of life.

Workforce Inclusion: Dignity and Opportunity for All

    How are we doing in honoring our commitments to older and 
disabled workers?

    The percentage of Americans aged 65 and older who are 
working or actively seeking work is steadily rising, with 19.2 
percent now participating in the labor force. While this may 
seem modest, it reflects a significant shift: in 2000, only 25 
percent of post-retirement-age seniors had jobs, compared to 32 
percent today. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that by 
2032, 8.6 percent of the U.S. labor force will be composed of 
older workers, up from 6.6 percent in 2022. For the reasons I 
outlined, we will need their contributions. Better health and 
longer lives are making that higher level of participation 
possible.
    The labor market participation of individuals with 
disabilities has also seen notable improvements, although 
significant disparities remain. In 2023, 22.5 percent of people 
with disabilities were employed-the highest rate since 
comparable data collection began in 2008. By comparison, 
however, this rate is still about one-third that of workers 
without disabilities. Similarly, the unemployment rate for 
individuals with disabilities -people who have lost jobs and 
are actively seeking work -is double that for the general 
population.
    These data underscore the barriers that many workers with 
disabilities face in accessing employment opportunities. These 
can include physical limitations or systemic disadvantages like 
bias or lack of accommodations that would make it possible for 
them to work. Even among workers with disabilities who do have 
jobs, many are unable to find full-time jobs that provide 
benefits like health insurance and retirement. About half of 
all people with disabilities are also over age 65 further 
magnifying the barriers they face in seeking and finding work.

Technology's Role in Workforce Inclusion

    Technology has added considerably to the "tool-box" that 
enables employment for workers with disabilities. Advances in 
artificial intelligence (AI), automation, and assistive 
technologies are opening new pathways for individuals 
traditionally excluded from the workforce.
    Technologies such as screen readers, voice recognition 
software, and AI-powered communication tools can remove 
barriers to employment. These innovations enable individuals to 
perform tasks that were once inaccessible, leveling the playing 
field and expanding opportunities. Similarly, the growing 
sophistication of technologies like robotic exoskeletons and 
other assistive devices can enhance mobility for those with 
physical disabilities, allowing them to engage in previously 
out of reach occupations.
    For older adults, technology offers opportunities to remain 
active in the workforce by mitigating physical or cognitive 
limitations. AI-driven tools like large language models and 
automation systems can simplify complex tasks, while telework 
platforms and collaboration software allow older workers to 
contribute to the economy without leaving their homes. 
Moreover, technologies that facilitate lifelong learning-such 
as online education platforms and virtual reality training 
simulations-can help older workers acquire new skills and adapt 
to evolving job demands.
    The promise of technology will not be realized without 
intentional design and implementation. Policymakers must ensure 
that new technologies are accessible and affordable for all 
workers. One way of achieving this is to increase tax 
incentives to businesses that undertake redesign of their 
workplaces and job requirements to make them friendlier to 
those facing limitations. A similar approach could be used to 
encourage business investment in employee training for those 
with and without disabilities. Partnerships between government, 
industry, and educational institutions can help develop 
inclusive technologies while equipping workers with the skills 
needed to use them effectively.
    At AEI, our scholars are engaged in a variety of research 
efforts looking at the impact of AI and other emerging 
technologies on education, training, and work as we seek ways 
to fulfill our mission of promoting opportunity for those at 
the periphery of American society. This research will 
undoubtedly reveal other ways public policy can help older and 
disabled Americans make their invaluable contributions to our 
society and economy.

The Path Forward

    To build a more inclusive and dynamic workforce, we must 
take a holistic approach that combines policy innovation, 
technological advancement, and cultural change. I offer three 
recommendations for your consideration:
          1. Promote Inclusive Employment Practices: Encourage 
businesses to adopt flexible work arrangements, provide 
reasonable accommodations, and foster inclusive workplace 
cultures. Public recognition programs and tax incentives can 
reward employers who lead in this area.
          2. Invest in Education and Training: Expand access to 
lifelong learning programs that enable older adults and people 
with disabilities to gain new skills. Targeted funding for 
community colleges, workforce development initiatives, and 
vocational rehabilitation programs can help bridge skill and 
training gaps.
          3. Leverage Technology for Inclusion: Support 
research and development of assistive technologies and ensure 
that federal job training programs prioritize inclusive tech 
solutions for the workforce. Expanding access to broadband and 
other digital tools are key to improving access to work for 
disadvantaged groups.
    In closing, the issues we face-a dynamic economy that needs 
workers and demographic changes that are limiting the number of 
new workers available-are formidable, but not insurmountable. 
By fostering workforce inclusion for older and disabled 
Americans, we not only address economic challenges but also 
reaffirm our commitment to the dignity and potential of every 
American. Together, we can build a labor market that reflects 
our values and strengthens our economy.
    Thank you for your time, and I look forward to answering 
your questions.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Prepared Witness Statement

                              Erin Willman

    Hello, I am Erin Willman. I am the founder and CEO of White 
Cane Coffee, and I would like to thank Chairman Casey and 
Ranking Member Braun, along with the rest of the members of the 
Aging Committee for inviting me to speak on subjects that both 
I and many in the disabled community face.
    A lot has happened since I was here in February. I have 
received an incredible number of calls and emails from disabled 
persons and organizations that assist the blind and disabled. 
The common theme of those messages is that things are actually 
changing. We are not yet where we need to be when it comes to 
disability access and acceptance, but we are getting there. It 
brings me great joy when I hear of disabled people in my 
community getting good paying jobs and not being relegated to 
sheltered workshops for less than minimum wage.
    A few weeks ago, an engineer from a large manufacturer in 
our county, visited our coffee factory to see how we adapted 
our workspaces and machinery to accommodate our employees. He 
honestly wants his company to be inclusive. I consider this as 
a huge step forward. On a side note, I had the honor to run for 
PA State Representative for District 65. Even though I lost the 
election, I found that the majority of people I met were 
accepting of me as a viable candidate. The best part of the 
experience was having younger people come up to me and tell me 
that because of my running for office, they too now feel that 
they can also create change in their community in both large 
and small ways.
    Today I would like to talk about accessible education and 
how it can be bettered with the RISE Act. People ask me all the 
time if I went to college. The answer I am sorry to say is 
"No." Despite the fact that I graduated high school at the age 
of 15, I felt wholly unprepared for the challenges that my 
disability would bring me in a college setting. However, my 
hope is that others in the disabled community won't feel that 
trepidation when they seek out higher education, but I 
recognize that there are things that need to be changed for 
that to happen.
    At this time, people with disabilities who wish to go to 
college and need accommodations to be successful have to prove 
that they are disabled through costly testing, even if they 
were born with a disability or have previous documentation from 
when they were in high school.
    I remember how nerve-wracking it was for those in my life 
who were heading off to college. I can't imagine putting more 
stress on a person with a disability because they must prove 
their disability to get the support they need to thrive. If a 
person already has documentation that they are disabled that 
should be sufficient. I don't believe that any prospective 
student who somehow miraculously became able bodied would try 
to ask for the same assistance they had before when they were 
disabled.
    While proving that a person has a disability is 
disheartening enough, there is also the issue that many schools 
make it difficult to find out what sort of assistance and 
accommodations are available to disabled students. When looking 
into what college a student wants to attend, they have to comb 
through websites, visit the campus, and even, in some cases, 
contact the administration personally just to find out if the 
school has the accommodations that they would need to access 
the education offered by the college. If one school does not 
have the accommodations a particular student needs, the student 
will have to repeat the search process as many times as needed 
until they can find a school that is suitable. Not only can 
this process be stressful, it can also be so disheartening as 
to possibly turn them away from the idea of going to college at 
all. It doesn't have to be this way though. If schools were 
upfront and transparent about what accommodations are available 
the stress of finding the right school would be lessened 
significantly, making the transition into higher education 
easier.
    Now I believe it is time to give the spotlight to our 
educators. We have all, at one point in our lives, had a 
teacher who has inspired and helped us find our path in life, 
so, I believe that they should have help to continue that work 
on a wider scale. It is an unfortunate truth that many teachers 
do not have the training that they need to accommodate a 
student with a disability. However, under the RISE Act this is 
a problem with an easy solution. The RISE Act would allocate 
funds to college administrations so that their faculty has the 
tools and know how to be able to teach all of their students, 
so they are able to thrive in their classroom. By educating our 
educators, our colleges can be a place where everyone can 
succeed no matter what.
    I have always been extremely passionate about education. I 
believe that it can open doors and build bridges. It can lead 
to good jobs and a better life. Education expands a person's 
opportunities in life. It's why I work so closely with many 
schools for the disabled, so those students can create a 
brighter, more inclusive future. America is known as the land 
of opportunity. By implementing the RISE Act many disabled 
people across the nation will have the opportunity to seek out 
higher education without the worry that they would not belong. 
Something as simple as that would change their lives. If you 
change one life you change the world. It is time to change the 
world.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Prepared Witness Statement

                              Lydia Brown

    My name is Lydia Xinzhen Zhangsun Brown and I am the 
director of public policy at National Disability Institute as 
well as a proudly disabled advocate. Thank you for the 
opportunity to provide testimony before the Committee today.
    Disabled people represent at least 20 percent of the U.S. 
population or more than 65 million people, although the real 
number is likely higher than current surveys indicate, 
including people who have newly acquired disabilities due to 
long COVID.\1\ Our community faces deep economic disparities 
with poverty\2\ and unemployment\3\ rates for people with 
disabilities about twice those of nondisabled people along with 
higher rates of homelessness\4\ and food insecurity.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ See Bonnielin K. Swenor, "A Need For Disability Data Justice," 
Health Affairs, Aug. 22, 2022, https://www.healthaffairs.org/content/
forefront/need-disability-data-justice?ref=disabilitydebrief.org; 
Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Disability and Health Data 
System, "Disability Impacts All of Us," Jul. 2024, https://www.cdc.gov/
ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/infographic-disability-impacts-all.html 
(estimating close to 28%). But see U.S. Census Bureau, 2022 American 
Community Survey (ACS) Content Test report for Disability, Nov. 13, 
2023, https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/
2023/acs/2023--Steinweg--01.pdf (noting current Census estimates at 
only 13.9% of the population and estimating drop to 8.1% if the Census 
altered its measurement of disability).
    \2\ Office of Disability Employment Policy, Spotlight on Women with 
Disabilities, U.S. Department of Labor, Mar. 2021, https://www.dol.gov/
sites/dolgov/files/ODEP/pdf/Spotlight-on-Women-with-Disabilities-March-
2021.pdf, based on 2019 data by gender, disability status, and using 
the official poverty measure for means-tested program eligibility and 
2020 data from the Current Population Survey. 2020 Annual Social and 
Economic Supplement, U.S. Census Bureau, https://www.dol.gov/sites/
dolgov/files/ODEP/pdf/Spotlight-on-Women-with-Disabilities-March-
2021.pdf (as analyzed by NDI with Asset Funders Network)
    \3\ Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Persons 
with a Disability: Labor Force Characteristics-2022, Press Release, 
Feb. 23, 2023, https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/disabl.pdf.
    \4\ Jaboa Lake, Valerie Novack, & Mia Ives-Rublee, "Recognizing and 
Addressing Housing Insecurity for Disabled Renters," Center for 
American Progress, May 27, 2021, https://www.americanprogress.org/
article/recognizing-addressing-housing-insecurity-disabled-renters; 
Pooja Paode (2020), "Housing for Adults with Autism And/or Intellectual 
and Developmental Disabilities: Shortcomings of Federal Programs," 
Daniel Jordan Fiddle Foundation Center for Public Policy. https://
www.researchgate.net/profile/Pooja-Paode/publication/346041472--
Housing--for--Adults--with--Autism--andor--Intellectual--and--
Developmental--Disabili ties--Shortcomings--of--Federal--Programs/
links/5fb8202c92851c933f47f1eb/Housing-for-Adults-with-Autism-and-or-
Intellectual-and-Developmental-Disabilities-Shortcomings-of-Federal-
Programs.pdf.
    \5\ Coleman-Jensen, A. & Nord, N. (2013). Disability is an 
Important Risk Factor for Food Insecurity, United States Department of 
Agriculture, Economic Research Service. http://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-
waves/2013-may/disability-is-an-important-risk-factor-for-food-
insecurity.aspx#.Vt3GrPkrKUk.

       According to our research with the Financial Health 
Network, disabled people are more than twice as likely to be 
financially vulnerable as nondisabled people.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \6\ Andrew Warren, Wanjira Chege, Meghan Greene, & Lisa Berdie 
(August 2023), RESEARCH PAPER: THE FINANCIAL HEALTH OF PEOPLE WITH 
DISABILITIES: KEY OBSTACLES AND OPPORTUNITIES, Financial Health 
Network, National Disability Institute, The Harkin Institute, & 
Principal Foundation, https://www.nationaldisabilityinstitute.org/wp-
content/uploads/2023/09/the-financial-health-of-people-with-
disabilities-report-final-0923.pdf at 15.

       Only 51% of working-age disabled adults are confident 
they can pay their bills on time and 46% of disabled adults 
carry more debt than they can manage.\7\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \7\ Id. at 6.

       Fewer women with disabilities, disabled people of 
color, and LGBTQ+ people with disabilities are financially 
healthy than people with disabilities who are men, white, or 
non-LGBTQ+.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \8\ Id. See generally also, Nanette Goodman, Michael Morris, Kelvin 
Boston, National Disability Institute, FINANCIAL INEQUALITY: 
DISABILITY, RACE AND POVERTY IN AMERICA, https://
www.nationaldisabilityinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/
disability-race-poverty-in-america.pdf.

       Over 30% of disabled households have an income below 
$15,000 - a rate 5.6 times higher than for households without a 
disability - and those numbers are substantially higher for 
Latinx and Black households with disabilities.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \9\ Ramonia Rochester, Elizabeth Jennings, Joe Antolin, & Christi 
Baker (June 2023), ADVANCING ECONOMIC JUSTICE FOR PEOPLE WITH 
DISABILITIES, National Disability Institute & Asset Funders Network, 
https://www.nationaldisabilityinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/
afn--2023--persons-with-disabilities--brief.pdf at 14.

    These economic disparities in earnings, savings, banking, 
and wealth building are exacerbated for the many people with 
disabilities who rely on means-tested public benefits to 
survive. Many disabled people rely on Medicaid as the sole 
provider of long-term supports and services - help with eating, 
taking meds, getting dressed, and even positioning their bodies 
- that can keep people in their own homes instead of nursing 
homes and institutions, as well as enable people to enter and 
remain in the mainstream workforce. Eligibility for Medicaid, 
however, is tied to eligibility for Supplemental Security 
Income or SSI. A beneficiary is prohibited from having more 
than $2,000 in countable assets if single and $3,000 between 
both spouses if married - asset limits that were last updated 
in 1989.
    A person with a disability who wants to work and is able to 
work for any amount of hours is precluded from seeking the same 
array of opportunities as a nondisabled person if that disabled 
person relies on Medicaid-funded support to live at home or get 
to work. Some disabled people turn down promotions, hours 
increases and raises in order to maintain eligibility for 
Medicaid because accepting the increased wages would not cover 
the gap if they lost their benefits. These asset limits can 
force people to choose between going without necessary 
medication or paying their light bills, or buying enough food, 
or making rent. An emergency bill of $2,100 - a modest amount 
for some hospital stays - could leave a disabled person on SSI 
with no savings at all and snowballing consequences of carrying 
the debt.
    Ten years ago, Senator Casey's leadership in introducing 
and passing The ABLE Act changed the game. People whose 
disabilities began before age 26 can now access a savings 
vehicle that can conserve up to $100,000 total without their 
savings counting against them in determining eligibility for 
SSI and Medicaid. Money in an ABLE account can be used for a 
wide range of qualified disability expenses, including 
otherwise unaffordable assistive technology and health care, as 
well as educational and employment related costs. For many 
disabled people on Medicaid, an ABLE account is also their only 
available means to save for retirement.
    In recent years, NDI also championed Senator Casey's 
leadership in passing multiple improvements to ABLE, including 
the ABLE Age Adjustment Act, which widened ABLE eligibility to 
people whose disabilities began by the age of 46, a provision 
that comes into effect a year from now and will ensure 
eligibility for more than 6.2 million additional people with 
disabilities including one million veterans.
    As we look forward to the future of the ABLE program, we 
know there are many opportunities for further growth and 
improvement, especially to benefit the most impoverished people 
with disabilities, who may not be able to make contributions to 
an ABLE account, and disabled people who are working and 
earning enough to make contributions in excess of the current 
$18,000 annual limit.
    Members of the Senate are currently considering a range of 
improvements for the ABLE program, all of which would greatly 
increase financial capability for people with disabilities. The 
ABLE Direct Deposit Act and The ABLE Employment Flexibility Act 
would codify common-sense improvements like allowing direct 
deposits and employer retirement contributions into an ABLE 
account. The ABLE Awareness Act, The ABLE Tomorrow Act, and The 
ENABLE Act would collectively support engagement and education 
efforts around ABLE to increase enrollment for eligible 
beneficiaries, protect against Medicaid clawbacks after a 
beneficiary's death, and allow one-time lump sum contributions 
over the annual limit. Language in these bills would also 
permanently adopt provisions allowing additional contributions 
to ABLE accounts for working people with disabilities, a 
saver's credit for ABLE contributions, and rollovers from 529 
education savings accounts to ABLE accounts.
    Opportunities remain for increasing economic opportunity 
and participation for people with disabilities, who deserve to 
have the full range of financial choices and freedom as people 
without disabilities. Future legislative efforts can expand 
eligibility to more people with disabilities, protect rights of 
youth in the foster system and adults under guardianship, and 
increase disabled people's ability to save for retirement on 
par with nondisabled people. I believe in a future where all 
people - both disabled and nondisabled - can be assured of 
basic economic security and opportunity. This includes a future 
in which disabled workers can save for retirement on par with 
nondisabled workers and disabled people have no ceiling on the 
amount of income they can earn and savings they can build - 
just like everyone else.
    Thank you again for the opportunity to speak before this 
Committee today. I urge you to continue championing policies 
that advance equity, financial inclusion, and economic 
opportunity for people with disabilities. Together, we can 
create a society where all people have the resources and 
opportunities to achieve financial stability and economic 
security.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Prepared Witness Statement

                          Mayor Neil McDevitt

    As a resident of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, I'm 
heartened to sit before Senators Casey and Fetterman on this 
special day. Ranking Member Braun and other members of the 
Committee, thank you for welcoming me today.
    I sit before you today as the Mayor of North Wales Borough, 
an amazing community of 3,400 residents in Montgomery County 
just outside of Philadelphia. That may not be remarkable in 
itself - there are, after all, over 519,000 elected officials 
in the United States today.\1\ I am unique in that I am, as far 
as we're able to tell, the first Deaf person to be elected to 
the office of Mayor that uses American Sign Language as their 
primary means of communication.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ https://poliengine.com/blog/how-many-politicians-are-there-in-
the-us
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Concurrently with my role as Mayor, I am also the Executive 
Director of the Deaf-Hearing Communication Centre, a regional 
nonprofit organization providing critical services to the Deaf, 
hard of hearing, and DeafBlind community members in the 
Philadelphia region. I previously served with the Federal 
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in their Office of 
Disability Integration and Coordination. I also worked at 
Telecommunications for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Inc. (TDI) 
managing their emergency management grants. I also served my 
community as a volunteer firefighter for eight years, as one of 
the few disabled individuals nationally certified to do 
interior firefighting. I am also a proud alum of Gallaudet 
University right here in Washington, DC.
    As an elected official who uses American Sign Language and 
the first one in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania - we find out 
very quickly what barriers exist for us in doing our jobs 
effectively.
    Deaf individuals like myself represent a unique aspect of 
the disabled community, in that the accommodations that make 
our jobs possible are operational costs. For most disability 
accommodations, the cost to retrofit a building or provide a 
device to make it accessible to individuals with disabilities 
is a capital cost that can be amortized over the lifetime of 
the facility/device.
    For me, the cost of an interpreter is essentially a direct 
charge against the profit/loss ledger, or in the parlance of 
local government, represents a cost that taxpayer dollars 
cover.
    In a tiny community like North Wales, I'm blessed that the 
Borough Council and Borough Manager wisely had funds set aside 
in their budgets long before I was elected to ensure 
accommodations for people with disabilities. I know that this 
is fairly unique to small communities across the United States. 
The sad truth is that I don't have enough funds available to 
cover all of my interpreting needs and I need to pick and 
choose where I spend those funds.
    Senator Casey, I shared the challenges I had with you and 
your colleagues. In your research, you also found another 
barrier that exists for people with disabilities that want to 
get involved in politics. That is, if a person with a 
disability simply runs for any office (paid, barely paid, or 
unpaid) - they can lose their Supplemental Security Income 
(SSI) or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) income, 
even if they don't raise any money or they lose their election.
    In two separate Congressional sessions, Senator Casey 
introduced two bills. The "Removing Access Barriers to Running 
for Elected Office for People with Disabilities Act" would 
address the discriminatory language in the Social Security Act 
that penalized people with disabilities for running for office 
(S.3747/HR.7351).\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\ https://www.aging.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/removing--access--
barriers--to--elected--office--one--pager.pdf
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The second was "The AID (Accessibility and Inclusion to 
Diversify) Local Government Leadership Act of 2024" to address 
my challenge, that is, for small communities like North Wales 
Borough, it would establish a grant to reimburse those 
municipalities for accommodation expenses they incur for any 
elected and appointed officials with disabilities (S.3749/
HR.7350).\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \3\ https://www.aging.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/aid--local--
government--leadership--one--pager.pdf
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    These bills are a critical step towards addressing a 
glaring gap in the demographics of our elected officials. Out 
of the 519,000+ elected officials across the country, I am 
personally aware of only five who use American Sign Language 
nationally today. If we extrapolated the total number of users 
of American Sign Language\4\ nationally today and applied that 
to total elected officials, we should have over 1,550 elected 
officials using American Sign Language.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \4\ https://gallaudet.edu/wp-content/uploads/gcloud/gal-media/
Documents/Research-Support-and-International-Affairs/ASL--Users.pdf
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Extending that further - current estimates say that 10% of 
all elected officials have a disability of some type,\5\ but 
28.7% of the population has a disability.\6\ The unfortunate 
conclusion is that our elected officials are not representative 
of the people they serve.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \5\ https://disnetwork.org/the-lack-of-politicians-with-
disabilities-is-a-systemic-issue/
    \6\ https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/infographic-
disability-impacts-all.html
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    In the recent Presidential campaign, the Democratic 
candidate spent over $35,000 on American Sign Language 
interpreting expenses while the Republican candidate spent 
nothing.\7\ In fact, during President-elect Trump's first term, 
the National Association of the Deaf had to bring lawsuits to 
require the administration to provide ASL interpreters.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \7\ https://open.substack.com/pub/heathercoxrichardson/p/october-
23-2024?selection=6bc53a2b-9a8e-45c4-a89b-ca4e1015bfb8&utm--
campaign=post-share-selection&utm--medium=web
    \8\ https://www.nad.org/2020/09/23/historic-win-white-house-
ordered-to-provide-sign-language-interpreters-for-covid-19-briefings/
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The reality is that the Americans with Disabilities Act is 
the last great civil rights bill that was passed with true 
bipartisan support. As I said during my remarks at the White 
House's Disability Pride event a few months ago - "I woke up 
one morning with rights I did not go to bed with. The ADA made 
millions of Americans first-class citizens in our own 
communities overnight."\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \9\ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbNDDVxMgME
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    In the 34 years since the passage of the ADA, our political 
will toward safeguarding these vital human and civil rights 
have weakened significantly. I call on leadership and Senators 
from both parties to recommit to protecting these vital rights 
and services for millions of Americans. I ask you to look 
beyond the rhetoric of soundbite politics, and listen carefully 
to the people who would actually be affected by the policies 
that have been suggested or proposed by members of the incoming 
administration.
    The next Congress can take positive and proactive steps 
toward ensuring the civil and human rights of people with 
disabilities stand fast. First - the passage of Senator Casey's 
bills, "Removing Access Barriers to Running for Elected Office 
for People with Disabilities Act" and "AID (Accessibility and 
Inclusion to Diversify) Local Government Leadership Act" would 
be an excellent first step toward ensuring that our elected 
officials are truly representative of the communities they 
serve.
    Recognizing that when we remove all barriers to 
participation, people with disabilities are able to fully 
engage with the communities they live in. This means making it 
easier for people to vote, making it easier for them to run for 
elected office, and to volunteer for their small-town boards 
and commissions.
    Congress must also ensure that the United States Department 
of Justice continues to work closely with counties and 
municipalities to ensure they are in compliance with civil 
rights statutes. That often means paying close attention to the 
accessibility of polling sites. The incoming administration's 
record in turning back the Department's civil rights focus and 
defunding their work is significant cause for concern.
    Senator Casey, you have been a steadfast ally of North 
Wales Borough, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and millions 
of disabled and Deaf Americans. We owe you a debt that can 
never be repaid. Thank you.

[GRAPHICS NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
     
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                       Statements for the Record

=======================================================================
     
                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

   The American Network of Community Options and Resources Testimony

    The American Network of Community Options and Resources 
(ANCOR) appreciates the opportunity to provide a statement for 
the record in response to this Committee's hearing, Empowering 
People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive.
    Founded more than 50 years ago, ANCOR is a national, 
nonprofit association representing 2,600 private community 
providers of long-term supports and services to people with 
intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD), as well as 
62 state provider associations. Combined, our members support 
more than one million individuals with I/DD across their 
lifespan, and are funded almost exclusively by Medicaid. Our 
mission is to advance the ability of our members to support 
people with I/DD to fully participate in their communities.

Chair Casey's Leadership to Support People with Disabilities

    ANCOR strives to empower its members to better serve their 
communities by strengthening the infrastructure of Medicaid-
funded I/DD services. In that work, we rely on the leadership 
of members of Congress to push forward legislative solutions to 
the barriers and challenges our members face in delivering 
community-based supports and services to people with 
disabilities. Chair Casey has been that leader.
    Throughout Senator Casey's tenure on this Committee, he has 
consistently centered the Committee's work on pushing forward 
policies to uphold the dignity and equality of all people, 
while focusing on strengthening the supports for both older 
adults and people with disabilities. Chair Casey's steadfast 
support for legislation that empowers people with disabilities 
is evidenced through his leadership in passage of the ABLE Act, 
a seminal piece of legislation to allow people with 
disabilities to save without jeopardizing access to services, 
and advocacy for the passage of the American Rescue Plan Act, 
the critical relief funding that has sustained home and 
community-based services (HCBS) in the wake of the pandemic-to 
name just a few of his accomplishments.
    He has also continued to push forward important legislation 
to strengthen Medicaid Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) 
through the introduction of several bills including the Better 
Care Better Jobs Act, HCBS Access Act, and HCBS Relief Act, as 
well as legislation to uphold the rights and protections for 
people with disabilities, such as the Transformation to 
Competitive Integrated Employment Act and the Ensuring Access 
to Medicaid Buy-In Programs Act. Chair Casey's commitment to 
ensuring Medicaid services can continue to carry out the 
promises of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has left 
an indelible mark on this Congress and on our communities-
making them more inclusive for all Americans.

Empowering People with Disabilities in their Communities

    As this Committee has acknowledged, the goal of community 
inclusion is fulfilled through the Medicaid HCBS program and 
through community providers, who offer a broad range of 
supports to help people with I/DD live full and independent 
lives in the community. However, the direct support workforce 
that enables the supports and services provided through the 
HCBS program is in crisis. In fact, results from ANCOR's 2024 
The State of America's Direct Support Workforce Crisis survey 
found that 90 percent of community providers experienced 
moderate or severe staffing challenges in the past year. Due to 
the significant workforce shortages, our survey found that:

      64% of community providers are delaying the launch of 
new programs;
      39% of community providers have discontinued programs 
and services;
      57% of case managers are struggling to connect people 
with services; and
      57% of community providers deliver services in an area 
where few or no other options for community-based services 
exist.

    As providers continue to grapple with high turnover and 
vacancy rates in the direct support workforce and inability to 
continue the provision of many programs and services, people 
with I/DD are experiencing diminishing access to community-
based services and increased risk of hospitalization or 
institutionalization.
Congressional Action Is Necessary to Sustain I/DD Services

    Given the mounting challenges community providers face in 
ensuring people with I/DD can continue to access critical 
community-based services, it is essential that Congress not 
neglect its role in supporting Medicaid services and 
strengthening the direct support workforce. We are grateful to 
the work of this Committee under the leadership from Chair 
Casey and urge the Committee to continue the important work it 
has begun to highlight the need for a better long-term care 
infrastructure, both for older adults and for people with 
disabilities.
    We thank Chair Casey for shining a light on the importance 
of investing in the Medicaid HCBS program and addressing the 
ongoing workforce crisis. We urge this Committee to support 
legislation to strengthen and expand the Medicaid HCBS program 
through investing in the direct support workforce.

    Sincerely,

    Barbara Merrill
    Chief Executive Officer
    ANCOR

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                       Dr. Amy Houtrow Testimony

    It is a great honor to be invited to offer a few words 
regarding the importance of Chairman Casey's disability policy 
work. In the disability justice movement, you often hear the 
rallying cry, "nothing about us without us!" Senator Casey has 
taken this to heart and brings people with disabilities to the 
table, makes sure they have a seat at that table, and a voice 
that is heard and respected. From my perspective, inclusion and 
belonging are the center pieces of his disability policy work. 
He talks the talk and walks the walk with us, regardless of how 
we may communicate or how we get around. I am personally 
grateful for how deliberate he is; how intentionally he 
listens. I have watched him, in both public and private 
settings, listen, take notes, ask follow-up questions and 
summarize what he has heard and what he has learned. It is 
remarkable to have a Senator do this. In a world where people 
with disabilities are marginalized, disregarded, dehumanized 
and discarded, Senator Casey has used his authority, time and 
efforts to elevate the issues faced by disabled people.
    In my envisioned future, people with disabilities would 
have the opportunity and autonomy to live their lives as they 
desire without the oppressive barriers society places in front 
of them. Thankfully, some of these barriers are amenable to 
policy change. I am grateful for the various policy strategies 
Senator Casey has employed to pave the path toward my 
envisioned future. Pennsylvanians, especially disabled 
Pennsylvanians, and all disabled Americans have a champion in 
Senator Casey. I know that even after his Senate term ends, we 
still will.

    Amy Houtrow, MD, Ph.D, MPH
    (pronounced HOW-TROW, rhymes with how now brown cow, ciao 
for now)
    Disabled pediatric rehabilitation medicine physician and
    disability equity researcher Pittsburgh, PA
    December 6, 2024.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                         Anna Corbin Testimony

    I was asked to submit a statement to be read at Senator 
Casey's final hearing as Chair of the Aging Committee. I find 
it difficult to see my laptop screen through the tears that are 
forming as I typed out that sentence. I want it to be noted 
that I am not a policy expert or a health care professional. I 
can only tell you what I know about Senator Casey from my place 
as a working class disabled mother of disabled children in the 
state of Pennsylvania.
    I brought my children to meet Senator Casey in his office 
in Washington, DC in the summer of 2017. I had never sat down 
and spoken to a US Senator before. I wanted him to hear our 
story. I wanted him to understand what Medicaid had done for 
our family, how it had lifted us out of poverty and saved us 
from losing our home. I wanted him to understand how important 
Medicaid is to families like mine. I quickly learned that 
Senator Casey already had a deep understanding of the positive 
impacts of Medicaid. He listened intently to our story, and 
that day he became connected to our family. When speaking of 
Senator Casey, I always tell people, "He is the real deal," 
because he is. He does not fight for legislation or sponsor 
bills for the accolades or recognition. He truly cares about 
his constituents. He remembers their names and stories. His 
compassion for others knows no bounds and it is reflected in 
his work, and anyone who has ever met him knows it. I witnessed 
once, with my own eyes, an example of how remarkable Senator 
Casey is as a representative of the American people. I was his 
guest at the 2018 State of the Union address, and there was a 
dinner prior to the speech for all Senators and guests. While 
we stood in line for food, a second line had formed to our left 
of people - guests of other Senators - who wanted to meet 
Senator Bob Casey.
    Senator Casey stepped out of line and met with each and 
every person who wanted to shake his hand. Senator Casey, you 
have been a beacon of light for my family in dark times. You 
are an inspiration to me, my husband, and our children. We will 
never fully be able to express how grateful we are to have had 
you as our Senator, and how much of a difference you have made 
in our lives. Please know that your absence in the Senate will 
be mourned by both disabled and abled-bodied people - not only 
in Pennsylvania, but across the entire county. Thank you for 
representing us so well and thank you for your service to all 
of us. You will be profoundly missed.

    Anna Corbin, mom to Jackson and Henry Hanover, Pennsylvania
    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

           Community Legal Services of Pennsylvania Testimony

    Senator Casey has tirelessly advocated for Pennsylvanians 
with disabilities and the elderly for almost two decades. He 
has a track record of championing smart legislation aimed at 
addressing real problems faced by the community. For example, 
he played a pivotal role in the passage of the ABLE Act, which 
provides an important avenue for individuals with disabilities 
to save money without jeopardizing their eligibility for 
crucial government benefits. Many Community Legal Services 
(CLS) clients have been able to save money while remaining on 
SSI because of this helpful policy. As Chair of the Senate 
Aging Committee, Senator Casey has also been a stalwart and 
energetic leader in pushing for expanding access to quality 
long-term services and supports, improving due process 
protections in guardianship systems and protecting Medicaid, 
Medicare and Social Security. Among his most recent 
accomplishments is a comprehensive report and call to action 
concerning the threats posed to older adults' health and safety 
by hoarding behaviors.
    His advocacy extends far beyond legislation. In recent 
years, he led efforts to highlight SSA's failure to provide 
benefits to children with disabilities. Senator Casey's office 
has played a critical role in defending against benefit cuts 
which would have been catastrophic. CLS has been fortunate to 
have such a strong partner in Senator Casey. We are grateful 
that Senator Casey's efforts have created tangible improvements 
in the lives of countless individuals with disabilities and 
older adults, and he is leaving Pennsylvania in far better 
shape than he found it.

    Debby Freedman, Executive Director of Community Legal 
Services
    Jennifer Burdick, Pam Walz, Jonathan Stein, and Richard 
Weishaupt, Attorneys

    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                     Dr. Dennis B. Downey Testimony

    Senator Bob Casey is the most consequential U.S. senator 
representing Pennsylvania in the past half century. He 
continues in the tradition of Tom Harkin and Ted Kennedy, 
working tirelessly to safeguard the welfare of individuals with 
disabilities and to assure their equal rights as citizens of 
the United States. Few of Casey's colleagues can approach his 
consistent and compassionate advocacy on behalf of laborers, 
the elderly, and children who experience some form of 
cognitive, behavioral, and physical disability. A leader who is 
modest in manner yet a force for decency and conviction, Sen. 
Casey has served the citizens of the Commonwealth exceptionally 
well. As the parent of a child (now 34 years old) with multiple 
disabilities, and as a scholar-advocate, I speak from 
experience in celebrating Sen. Bob Casey and his contribution 
to the common good. His efforts on behalf of families who 
struggle with the emotional, financial, and social challenges 
of living with a disability have been lifesaving. Thank you, 
Senator Casey.

    Dennis B. Downey, Ph.D
    Professor of History Emeritus, Millersville University
    Past Chair, Public Interest Law Center of Philadelphia, 
Disability Policy Circle
    Parent and Advocate

    December 1, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                          Cindy Duch Testimony

    When Senator Tom Harkin (D-IA, ret) retired, folks knew 
that senior citizens and people with disabilities would 
continue to be represented by Senator Casey as a champion for 
all. Senator Casey's unwavering commitment to causes that had 
long been ignored or passed over were in the spotlight and we 
were represented by someone who felt the passion that 
disability advocates also felt. He understood. He took the time 
to understand, he listened and he acted.
    For our family, and especially for my son Andrew, Senator 
Casey's passing of the ABLE Act has ensured that Andrew's 
future is the future he wants. Andrew was able to save money to 
buy a car. It was a huge achievement when Andrew got his 
driver's license. Of course, after that came the car! And 
Andrew was ready. When Senator Casey was working to pass the 
ABLE Age Adjustment Act, Andrew was tapped to present on a 
panel that spoke to the positive outcomes from having an ABLE 
account. Andrew wanted nothing more than to support Senator 
Casey in passing this Act because of the impact the ABLE Act 
and having an ABLE Account has had on Andrew's life and will 
continue to have.
    I know that Senator Casey will continue to champion those 
he worked so very hard for. Andrew's family wishes the absolute 
best to one of the most sincere and hardworking representatives 
for the Commonwealth of PA. Godspeed Senator Casey.

    Cindy Duch
    The Family of Andrew Duch

    December 2, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                       Gary Blumenthal Testimony

    For 18 remarkable years, Senator Bob Casey has been a 
steadfast advocate for the people of Pennsylvania, championing 
the rights and well-being of our most vulnerable citizens. His 
dedication to children, the elderly, and people with 
disabilities reflects a deep compassion and understanding of 
the challenges faced by those who rely on public officials with 
unwavering empathy and commitment. Senator Casey's pivotal role 
in safeguarding Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act stands as 
a testament to his courage and determination to protect 
essential lifelines for millions of Americans. His leadership 
has not only served as a shield against threats to these vital 
programs but has also inspired hope and trust among countless 
individuals and families across the Commonwealth and the 
nation.
    Senator Casey's legacy places him among the great "Lions of 
the Senate," alongside figures such as Ted Kennedy, Tom Harkin, 
Robert Dole, and Orrin Hatch, who fought tirelessly for equity 
and justice. His extraordinary ability to prevent the repeal of 
the Affordable Care Act and resist misguided attempts to 
convert Medicaid into a block grant underscores his 
effectiveness and resolve. As someone who witnessed his work up 
close, I can attest to his genuine collaboration with 
constituents and advocates, amplifying the voices of those too 
often unheard. Senator Bob Casey will be remembered as a beacon 
of hope and a true protector of the vulnerable, leaving an 
indelible mark on Pennsylvania and the nation.

    Gary Blumenthal
    Vice President, Governmental Relations and Advocacy, 
InVision Human Services
    Former Member, The National Council on Disability

    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                         Eugenia Bond Testimony

    My name is Eugenia Bond the CEO of Penn-York Opportunities, 
Inc. in Bradford County, PA. We have been proudly serving 
people for nearly 60 years. We serve and have served those 
whose lives are impacted by a variety of factors including 
disability, poverty, endangered children, people who are facing 
homelessness, food insecurity, employment challenges and many 
other things. We assist people in their daily lives for health 
and safety, social immersion in the community as well as 
employment support. We are proud that we have two small 
businesses that were developed specifically to employ those 
with disabilities. For a small community we are heavily 
involved and intertwined to make where we live a better place.
    Senator Casey, your work with the Bipartisan Bill ABLE 
directly impacted those we serve by helping them to achieve 
even more independence and thrive in a world filled with 
challenges. This is just one of many examples of your 
dedication and hard work for underserved Pennsylvanians. We 
value and respect all that you and your team has done for those 
with disabilities. Further, we are grateful that your staff 
came in person to meet with us all the way up here in rural 
NEPA to be introduced to our programs and explore opportunities 
and solutions to access additional resources. Your boots on the 
ground approach have made a difference and your staff continues 
to support us with helping to bridge the gap of transition to a 
new administration. You and your team do exactly what I would 
think everyone would want from leaders in our government. You 
are informed, involved, active and present for those that need 
it the most. Thank you again for all that you have done and for 
your service.

    Best Regards -

    Eugenia Bond, BSW, MOL
    Chief Executive Officer
    Penn York Opportunities

    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                      Jacquelyn M. White Testimony

    As a mother of three kids with disabilities and special 
health care needs, complex needs that I would need a book to 
adequately explain here, I want to reiterate the importance of 
the work that Senator Casey has conducted regarding this 
community. No other senator in congress has people devoted to 
policy work for the disabled/aging population in such a 
paramount way. Even with the current programs in place I 
genuinely fear the future for my children and other people with 
disabilities if we don't continue to focus on pivotal supports, 
programming, and policy to support people with disabilities-
which remains the largest minority group in the United States.
    I live, work, and play in Pennsylvania, in addition to 
being a mom, I work in the field of disability advocacy. We 
have so far to go, so far, but so much has been improved 
because of the tireless efforts of the Casey team and 
colleagues. As a mom, I ask that we don't let the work done 
here be in vain. Disability rights should not be partisan, they 
should be human. I think we all can resonate with human. I 
can't thank Senator Casey and his team enough for all the work 
they have done in Pennsylvania, and beyond. Gratitude and grit 
abound.

    Thank you,
    Jacquelyn M. White (Mom and Advocate)

    December 3, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                     Jonathan Cunningham Testimony

    Senator Bob Casey and his team have been absolute champions 
for our organization and those we serve here in rural 
Pennsylvania. Of the many efforts they have made for us, 
perhaps the most meaningful is that they have actually taken 
the time to listen. Quite often, the needs and struggles of 
rural citizens get overlooked, especially those living with 
disabilities. Senator Casey, and the key staff under his 
leadership, have taken the time to meet with those we serve, 
listened as they described the real world obstacles they must 
navigate, and have gone to bat for us as we've needed 
additional funding to move our mission further. We will forever 
be grateful for your commitment and friendship Bob, and for all 
that you've done for this country's most vulnerable citizens.

    Jonathan Cunningham, President/CEO
    NuVisions Center
    Lewistown, PA

    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                      Jule Ann Lieberman Testimony

    I am an older blind woman living in Pennsylvania who uses 
assistive technology software to access information and 
services on the Internet. Senator Casey has led the way to 
illustrate the failure of many federal websites to meet 
accessibility guidelines. He has referenced the "Digital Front 
Door" and how many of us with blindness and low vision are 
locked out. This results in limited or no access to critical 
national information or application to vital federal services 
most notably to our disabled veterans. Senator Casey recognizes 
the need for all to have access to information and services 
with privacy and independence regardless of disability. I will 
be forever grateful to Senator Casey for his efforts to remove 
the lock from the "Digital Front door" and hope his efforts 
will continue beyond his work in the US Senate.
    Respectfully Submitted,

    Jule Ann Lieberman, MS CLVT/CATIS
    Advocate for Accessibility for Blind and Low Vision
    TechOWL, Institute on Disabilities at Temple University

    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                         Julia Barol Testimony

    Dear Senator Casey,
    I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for your 
ongoing commitment to advocating for individuals with 
disabilities. Your leadership and dedication to ensuring 
inclusivity and equal opportunities have made a profound impact 
on the lives of countless people across our nation.
    Your efforts to strengthen the Americans with Disabilities 
Act, champion inclusive education, and support disability 
employment initiatives are truly commendable. These actions 
demonstrate your unwavering belief in the inherent value and 
dignity of every individual, regardless of ability.
    As someone deeply connected to the disability community, I 
have witnessed firsthand how your work has brought hope, 
opportunity, and a sense of belonging to many who have faced 
systemic barriers for far too long. I know firsthand how 
critical it is to have leaders like you who understand the 
importance of inclusion and stand up for the rights of all 
individuals.
    Thank you for standing as a tireless ally for those who 
often go unheard. Please know that your work has been greatly 
appreciated and inspires many of us to continue striving for a 
more inclusive and equitable society.

    With deepest appreciation,

    Julia Barol, MEd, CESP
    President and CEO
    Bala Cynwyd, PA

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                      Kate Dempsey Jones Testimony

    It is difficult to summarize the many ways Senator Casey 
has supported Scranton and the surrounding community during the 
last 17 years. A steady and impassioned voice for 
underrepresented citizens; a champion for economic development, 
housing, income equity, healthcare, and disability rights; 
Senator Casey embraced the belief that our community is 
stronger, built with the values of diversity, equity, 
inclusion, and access to a life of dignity and purpose for all 
citizens.
    As a leader in the US Senate, representing all 
Pennsylvanians, Senator Casey has always demonstrated respect, 
compassion, and kindness to all he served. Goodwill Industries 
of Northeastern PA was engaged in a 20+ year struggle to 
restore the abandoned North Scranton Junior High School, a 
cherished community landmark, and create affordable senior 
housing. The project finally came to fruition because Senator 
Casey recognized both the community need and economic impact of 
such a project. Thanks to Senator Casey, Goodwill Industries of 
Northeastern Pennsylvania proudly provides affordable senior 
living in 58 beautifully restored apartments in a building 
equipped with many amenities including an 800-seat community 
arts theater.
    We are forever grateful to Senator Bob Casey for his many 
years of dedicated service, and we are honored to have been 
represented by a man who is the embodiment of honesty, 
integrity and character.

    Sincerely,

    Kate Dempsey Jones, CEO
    December 9, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                         Kathy Brill Testimony

    Dear Senator Casey,
    On a personal note, I can't thank you enough for the focus 
you have placed over the last 18 years on disability issues! My 
now adult daughter, who has a disability, has benefitted 
tremendously from your term as Senator. She has an ABLE 
account, lives in a home of her own with the supports of 
Medicaid and SSI, and is employed part-time. It is our hope 
that as she ages, the disability policy work you've done will 
continue to brighten her path through life. Our entire family 
is deeply saddened to lose your strong leadership. Please know 
that we will continue to have incredible respect, admiration, 
and support for you.
    PennTASH, a disability advocacy organization to which I 
belong, would also like to extend its deepest gratitude to you 
for the work you've done over the years. "We would like to 
commend your insurmountable hard work advocating for the needed 
supports to create better lives for those with disabilities and 
aging. You will be sorely missed by not only all of us, but the 
entire nation."
    Respectfully,

    Kathy Brill
    Parent, Advocate, and PennTASH Board Member

    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                   Liberty Resources, Inc. Testimony

    Accessible, affordable, integrated housing, guardianship 
reform, independent living, public transportation, HCBS & DCW/
Caregiver equity and ending the institutional bias in long-term 
care. These are just a few of many strategic systems 
improvements that Senator Bob Casey led and advanced for our 
disabled communities in Pennsylvania and across our great 
Nation.
    Liberty Resources and our many Consumers recognize you as 
our champion of our civil rights in the U.S. Senate. We thank 
you for your 18 years of service and appreciate everything you 
did for us to make sure that people with disabilities are a 
truly integrated part of the American dream.
    Thomas Earle, CEO
    Liberty Resources, Inc. (the CIL for the Philly/SE Pa area)
    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                      Linda Carmona-Bell Testimony

    I heard Senator Casey speak in 2007. He shared his passion, 
plans, and commitment to addressing the needs of children and 
families. Fast forward to today, he has delivered on his 
commitments! He has made a difference in my 24-year-old adult 
daughter's life and those of many others. With his leadership 
in passing the ABLE Act, the Affordable Care Act, and the 
Campus Sexual Violence Elimination Act, he has changed lives!
    Thank you, Senator Casey, for being true to your faith by 
ensuring all children are valued and safe. May our Lord 
continue to bless you this Christmas season and always in all 
you do!
    Sincerely,

    Linda Carmona-Bell
    President
    Pennsylvania Education for All Coalition, Inc.
    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                        Lisa Lightner Testimony

    Senator Casey's was first elected just a mere couple of 
months after my disabled child was born. At the time, I was so 
busy doing all the "new mom" stuff that I certainly didn't 
realize then what an impact he'd have on our lives. Over the 
past 18 years, his steadfast advocacy has amplified the voices 
of families who are often silenced. From championing accessible 
healthcare to protecting the rights of our children under IDEA, 
his work has been a shield against a system that can feel 
unrelenting.
    For my son Kevin and me, Senator Casey's dedication became 
deeply personal during the turbulent ACA repeal attempts of 
2017 and 2018. When healthcare-and with it, Kevin's future-was 
on the line, his office became our ally. They didn't just hear 
us; they fought alongside us. Bob Casey's tenure in the Senate 
has been a lifeline for the disability community, a reminder 
that genuine leadership makes a difference. Families like mine 
don't forget that kind of support and you will be missed 
terribly.
    Lisa Lightner
    Mom and Special Education Advocate
    Avondale, PA
    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                        Mark Friedman Testimony

    Senator Casey's long commitment to advancing disability and 
aging policies has helped thousands of people with disabilities 
and their families. His leadership in promoting home- and 
community-based services and governmental policies has made a 
huge difference in the lives of so many people.
    Senator Casey's work has shown how government can help the 
most vulnerable people.
    I first started working in the field to free people living 
at Pennhurst 40 years ago. I have seen momentous changes over 
the decades. I am deeply grateful for Senator Casey's work to 
make this happen.

    Sincerely,

    Mark Friedman, CEO, Blue Fire, Inc. Ardsley, PA
    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                          Matt Aaron Testimony

    Senator Casey has been a steadfast champion for individuals 
with intellectual disabilities all over the Commonwealth. 
Thanks to his tireless efforts over so many years, Special 
Olympics PA (SOPA) has been able to provide more than 15,000 
Healthy Athlete screenings in seven different disciplines to 
help address the significant health disparities our athletes 
face, and, later this school year, we will surpass 500 schools 
participating in our Unified Champion Schools program.
    Senator Casey's support was particularly helpful after the 
COVID pandemic, which decimated SOPA's membership rolls. With 
his help, SOPA was able to deliver a combination of activities 
that included health screenings and sport clinics. These 
activities incorporated innovative elements, such as Athlete 
Performance Training and Unified Fitness, designed to help 
athletes improve their overall health and fitness. As a result, 
SOPA has been able to recapture more than half of the athletes 
lost during the pandemic.
    On behalf of more than 15,000 Special Olympics PA athletes, 
thank you Senator Casey for always being there to support 
individuals with disabilities!

    Matt Aaron
    CEO and President
    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                        Maureen Cronin Testimony

    I write to honor the most courageous Senator Casey. He is 
the best example of the perfect legislator, truly knowing all 
of Pennsylvania and his constituency. There is not a part of 
Pennsylvania that he did not personally visit. He visited so 
many Chapters of The Arc across Pennsylvania. When visiting our 
Chapters, he listened and learned. When advocates, particularly 
self-advocates, shared their experiences, they were 
respectfully listened to, and their words were taken to heart 
and then acted on. Many important disability related pieces of 
legislation were enacted thanks to Senator Casey.
    This humble, soft-spoken statesman is a well-loved, fierce 
advocate for people with disabilities and their families. He 
was the first leader to speak of the "sandwich generation," 
especially as it relates to those caring for elder parents 
while caring for adult sons and daughters with disabilities. 
Senator Casey also had the wisdom and forethought to hire a 
Disability Policy Director, Michael Gamel-McCormick, to advise 
him and yet be a strong disability leader and connector across 
Pennsylvania.
    I look forward (after a well deserved rest) to seeing the 
next chapter of the Senator's work and wish him the very best.

    Maureen Cronin
    Former Executive Director, The Arc of Pennsylvania
    December 4, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                      Meghann Luczkowski Testimony

    The opportunity to give a statement about Senator Casey for 
his final meeting as Chair of the Aging Committee was just 
shared with me, and I wanted to send something over. I give 
permission to read this statement at the hearing and enter it 
into the Congressional record:
    Parents of disabled children know the world was not built 
for our kids. Systems of care and education were not initially 
designed with disability and complex medical needs in mind. 
Providing extraordinary levels of care for our children while 
constantly battling for their individual wellbeing often means 
we don't have the time or energy left to advocate on a bigger 
scale, and the systemic changes needed continue to go 
unnoticed.
    Senator Bob Casey opened his eyes to our families and saw 
the needs of our children. He opened his ears and listened to 
our lived experience. He opened his heart and genuinely cared 
about improving our children's situations, and as Senator of 
Pennsylvania, time and again, he opened his mouth to fight for 
our kids' access to care and to their community. It will always 
be scary sending our disabled children out into the world, but 
with Senator Casey representing us, we could rest assured 
knowing they had a champion in Washington.

    Meghann Luczkowski
    Caregiver and Disability Advocate
    Philadelphia, PA
    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                         Nancy Murray Testimony

    People with disabilities and their families, in 
Pennsylvania and throughout the United States, owe Senator 
Casey a debt of gratitude for his advocacy on our behalf. 
Senator Casey has long been considered one of the United States 
Senate's leading champions on disability policy and with good 
reason. Senator Casey has been a leading voice defending the 
Affordable Care Act and Medicaid. Over the course of his 
political career, Senator Casey has introduced dozens of bills 
to advance the civil rights and quality of life for people with 
disabilities. The Achieving a Better Life Experience Act, or 
ABLE Act, is perhaps his signature achievement. However, he 
also passed subsequent bipartisan legislation, the ABLE Age 
Adjustment Act; and most recently, he introcued the Ensuring 
Nationwide Access to a Better Life Experience Act that would 
further expand what ABLE accounts can do for disabled people 
and family caregivers.
    What I will forever remember about Senator Casey however is 
his kindness, his genuine interest in people with disabilities, 
and his willingness to spend time listening to us. Every year 
during the Arc of the United States Disability Seminar we would 
schedule time to meet with Senator Casey and he never 
disappointed us. Some years, he would leave the Senate Chamber 
and meet us at his office. When our group was too large to fit 
in his office, he would meet with all of us in the hallway 
outside his office so that we all could spend time with him. 
Thank you Senator Casey for those memories and for your 
advocacy on our behalf. You will never be fogotten.

    Nancy Murray
    Parent advocate of three adult children with disabilities
    Retired VP of Achieva and President of The Arc of Greater 
Pittsburgh
    December 1, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                         Nancy Thaler Testimony

    There are many achievements in Senator Casey's decades of 
service to the citizens of Pennsylvania, as the state's Auditor 
General, as the State Treasurer and for the past 18 years, as 
Senator. Sometimes, it is difficult for people to name 
something an elected official did that made a difference in 
their life, but in regard to Senator Casey, there are thousands 
of people whose lives have been greatly improved through the 
ABLE Act - and they know exactly who made it possible. My son 
Aaron is one of those people. His ABLE account allows him to 
save his earnings without fear of losing his home and 
community-based services. He is extremely proud to have a 
savings account and to know that if an expense comes up that 
Medicaid does not cover, he can take care of it. He feels 
empowered and is proud.

    Nancy Thaler,
    A constituent and Aaron's mom
    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

             James W. Conroy and Karen Ann Hayes Testimony

    Thank You to Bob Casey for Disability Advocacy December 11, 
2024. A little group of disability advocates in Pennsylvania 
today offers its praise affection and gratitude to our friend 
and ally senator Bob Casey. Bob comes from a state that is one 
of the epicenters of the disability rights movement in America. 
The Right to Education, the Right to Treatment, and the Right 
to Community Living, were three of the milestone legal and 
civil rights attainments that took place in our Commonwealth. 
Bob knows this history well, and always supported our efforts 
above and beyond the call of duty.
    Bob, you represented and led with respect and dignity, and 
did so with tremendous courage, integrity, and honor. You 
always encouraged our work, and we know that in whatever roles 
you adopt in the future you will continue to enjoy supporting 
our goal of a national place of learning and memory about the 
disability rights movement in America, so Thank You from the 
Pennhurst Memorial & Preservation Alliance.

    Sincerely,

    James W. Conroy and Karen Ann Hayes, Co-Presidents

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

 Pennsylvania Statewide Independent Living Council (PA SILC) Testimony

    We are the Pennsylvania Statewide Independent Living 
Council (PA SILC). Our work focuses on support for the PA 16 
Centers for Independent Living (CILs) and other disability 
organizations in performing systems advocacy on various issues, 
such as support for CILs, accessible and affordable housing and 
transportation, community employment, improving community 
accessibility, and other disability needs (voting, emergency 
preparedness, etc.).
    Our organization would like to thank Senator Casey and his 
staff, particularly Michael-Gamel McCormick, for their efforts 
over the years for people with disabilities on budget and 
policy matters since 2007. While there are a number of 
disability or related areas where efforts could be noted during 
his 18-year tenure in the US Senate, we highlight several areas 
of accomplishment. First, is the passing of both ABLE Accounts 
(2014) and ABLE Age Adjustment Act (2022) which created the 
disability savings accounts (up to age 26) and expanded the age 
availability up to age 46. Senator Casey has worked to overturn 
the institutional bias in Medicare and Medicaid toward nursing 
facilities and other institutional care in funding and policy. 
While there is still work to be done, because of him, 
disability employment is now more focused on community 
opportunities instead of sheltered workshops and subminimum 
wage settings. The Senator and staff have been instrumental in 
helping CILs, other disability partner organizations, and our 
state government to obtain federal funding through the budget 
process for non-profit organizations and accessible / 
affordable housing (811 program). We appreciate his efforts on 
Guardianship reforms with a key stakeholder hearing and 
legislation -we look forward to future efforts by Congress 
based on his hearing in 2023 and the outreach done on this 
issue. During the Covid-19 period, his support was vital in 
providing necessary resources.
    During our annual visits to the National Council on 
Independent Living (NCIL) Conference, the Senator and his staff 
have been helpful in coordinating our visits and helping with 
navigating the capital. The Senator has been a frequent speaker 
at the annual NCIL Conference and rallies during the annual 
march. Both Senator Casey and his staff visited and listened to 
CILs in urban, suburban, and rural settings during time in his 
Pennsylvania district. His district staff has been helpful, 
attending local gatherings, and assisting with casework by 
providing resources. While some members of Congress show up and 
offer to help, he and his staff have done that and more. We 
thank both Senator Casey and his staff in both Washington DC 
and the district for their efforts. Best wishes for a bright 
future. You are missed already.
    You have our permission to read this during the US Senate 
Aging Committee hearing in mid-December.
    Susan Tomasic,
    PA SILC Board Chair
    Matthew Seeley, Esquire
    PA SILC Executive Director
    December 3, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

   Pennsylvania Advocates and Resources for Autism and Intellectual 
                      Disabilities (PAR) Testimony

    Thank you for the opportunity to provide testimony today. I 
am Mark Davis, President & CEO of the Pennsylvania Advocates 
and Resources for Autism and Intellectual Disabilities (PAR). 
We are saddened by the loss of disability champion, Senator Bob 
Casey. We will miss his long-tenured and diligent work to 
support people with intellectual disabilities and autism (ID/
A). Senator Casey's tireless efforts resulted in numerous 
improvements to supports for seniors and people with 
disabilities. A few examples in Pennsylvania are:

      According to the Center for Disability Information (CDI) 
without the support of ARPA for our system, almost 12,000 more 
individuals with ID/A would have been infected with COVID-19, 
and over 500 more people with ID/A would have died in 
Pennsylvania alone
      Increasing access to home and community-based services
      Improving staff recruiting and retention
      Providing necessary supplies to safely facilitate 
services
      Supporting the DSP workforce with additional trainings 
and learning opportunities
      Supporting families caring for their loved one
      Improving functional capabilities of people with 
disabilities
      Enhancing transitional supports
      Building capacity for much-needed home and community-
based services.

    Sen. Casey recently chaired a committee hearing on the 
direct support professional (DSP) workforce, shedding light on 
the DSP crisis and the impact on people with intellectual 
disabilities and autism. Sen. Casey has left a legacy through 
his senatorial service that will benefit Pennsylvanians and 
other Americans with ID/A for years to come. I look forward to 
watching the chairman's next chapter unfold. I am confident 
he's not done helping people with disabilities. Godspeed 
Senator Casey.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

            Pennsylvania Autism Society of America Testimony

    On behalf of the Autism Society of America and its 
Pennsylvania affiliates including Autism Society Berks County, 
Autism Society Greater Harrisburg Area, Autism Society Greater 
Philadelphia, Autism Society Lehigh Valley, Autism Society 
Northeastern Pennsylvania, Autism Society Northwestern 
Pennsylvania, and Autism Society Westmoreland, we extend our 
deepest gratitude to Senator Bob Casey for his unwavering 
commitment to improving the lives of individuals with autism 
and other developmental disabilities. Throughout his 
distinguished career in the Senate, Senator Casey has been a 
tireless advocate for inclusion, accessibility, and equity, 
ensuring that individuals with disabilities and their families 
are not left behind. His leadership on critical legislation, 
such as the ABLE Act and extraordinary efforts to expand 
Medicaid home and community-based services and supports, has 
made an indelible impact on countless lives across Pennsylvania 
and the nation.
    We celebrate his legacy of compassion, dedication, and 
action. Senator Casey's voice has been a powerful force for 
progress, and his work has set a strong foundation for future 
champions of disability rights. The Autism Society thanks him 
for his partnership and advocacy and looks forward to 
continuing the work to build a more inclusive society.
    The Seven Pennsylvania Autism Society Chapter
    December 3, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

          Pennsylvania Department of Human Services Testimony

    For the length of his tenure in Congress, Senator Casey has 
been the vanguard for federal policy on disability rights and 
services which has resulted in transformative change for this 
community across the United States and in the Commonwealth of 
Pennsylvania. The depth and breadth of his understanding of the 
issues facing individuals with disabilities and their families, 
as well as disability service systems, paired with his 
corresponding commitment to advancing solutions, is unmatched. 
Of particular note from a state perspective, Senator Casey was 
a key voice in ensuring that Medicaid-funded home and 
community-based services were funded during and post-pandemic. 
COVID-19 was especially devastating for people with 
disabilities and the service systems on which they rely. 
Senator Casey championed significant funding through both the 
CARES Act and the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA), providing 
states with the essential resources to shore up and then 
improve service delivery.
    Though Senator Casey is well known for the ABLE Act, he 
should also be recognized for a deceptively small provision he 
championed through passage, the Medicaid coverage for home and 
community-based services in acute hospital settings. The prior 
prohibition on home and community-based service delivery while 
someone was hospitalized meant that, for decades, individuals 
with intellectual and developmental disabilities without a 
family caregiver who were hospitalized and needed support with 
communication or decision-making could not fully participate in 
their own diagnosis and treatment. This often led to traumatic 
hospital stays, poor care, and unnecessary suffering. Though 
this issue potentially impacts less than 2% of Americans he saw 
the illogic of this policy and the pain it caused. Senator 
Casey provided a remedy.
    On behalf of Pennsylvania's Department of Human Services, 
we honor and celebrate Senator Casey s immensely impactful and 
enduring contributions to this critical area of public service.
    Valerie A. Arkoosh, MD, MPH
    Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Human Services
    Kristin Ahrens
    Deputy Secretary, Office of Developmental Programs, 
Pennsylvania Department of Human Services
    Juliet Marsala
    Deputy Secretary, Office of Long Term Living, Pennsylvania 
Department of Human Services

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

      The Partnership for Inclusive Disaster Strategies Testimony

    Thank you Senator Casey for being an outstanding senator 
and a stalwart champion for disabled people. You introduced the 
Real Emergency Access for Aging and Disability Inclusion for 
Disasters Act (REAADI) as well as the Disaster Relief Medicaid 
Act (DRMA) the past couple of sessions. REAADI would have, and 
we still hope will, provide research, training and technical 
assistance in efforts to increase the survivability of people 
with disabilities and older adults throughout disasters. DRMA, 
if enacted, would make Medicaid portable for disabled disaster 
survivors. Both laws would save lives. Lives of disabled people 
who are two to four times more likely to be injured or die in a 
disaster than nondisabled people. By introducing them you 
shined a light on the ableism and discrimination encountered by 
disabled people and older adults in disasters. You supported 
disabled people when others denied the inequity we confront in 
every disaster. You supported us when others refused to 
prioritize equity for disabled people in disasters, and you 
didn t let resistance stop you from reintroducing both pieces 
of legislation twice. You trusted the Disability Community when 
we presented solutions to meet our needs. On behalf of disabled 
people who have survived disasters and the disproportionate 
numbers of those of us who have not survived, we thank you.
    Shaylin Sluzalis (SHAY-lin SLU-zah-lis)
    And
    Germ n Parodi (Her-MAHN Pa-RO-dee (with a rolled "r" for 
Germ n, if possible)
    Co-Executive Directors of The Partnership for Inclusive 
Disaster Strategies


                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                     Stacy Jarett Levitan Testimony

    Senator Casey's disability policy work has been life-
changing for people with disabilities, not only in 
Pennsylvania, but in the United States. He truly understands 
the potential that people with disabilities have to contribute 
meaningfully to our communities and has been committed to 
removing barriers preventing opportunities.
    Senator Casey's actions throughout his career have 
thoughtfully enabled people with disabilities to live where 
they want and work in rewarding jobs where they are paid a 
competitive wage. He has centered people with disabilities in 
his work so that people with disabilities make the decisions 
about their own lives and indeed, decide what governmental 
policy will be regarding issues that matter to them. All his 
work has enhanced the nation's understanding of how much better 
our country will be when people with disabilities live lives of 
self-determination and are able to use their talents to better 
our communities.
    Stacy Jarett Levitan
    Executive Director, Judith Creed Horizons for Achieving 
Independence (JCHAI)
    December 5, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

        Institute on Disabilities at Temple University Testimony

    Today, the Institute on Disabilities at Temple University 
joins others in the disability community in recognizing the 
dedication and tireless work of Pennsylvania's Senior Senator 
Robert P. Casey.
    Learning and working alongside people with disabilities and 
their families is essential to our work. Over the past 
seventeen plus years, we have enjoyed the privilege of watching 
Senator Casey learn from and work alongside Pennsylvanians with 
disabilities and their families. While his contributions to the 
disability community are too numerous to mention, one piece of 
legislation that stands out is the ABLE Act. True to its name, 
the Achieving a Better Life Experience Program or ABLE, 
recognizes that people with disabilities need not live in 
poverty in order qualify for essential Home and Community-Based 
Services. ABLE created a path to saving for a better future for 
many of the Pennsylvanians with disabilities we serve because 
Senator Casey listened to the needs of the community, and then 
introduced and advocated for passage of this impactful 
legislation.
    Senator Casey, we are proud to call you an Ally and humbled 
to call you a friend. Thank you for your service.

    Respectfully,
    Sally Gould-Taylor PhD, Executive Director, Institute on 
Disabilities at Temple University
    Jamie Ray-Leonetti, JD, Associate Director of Policy, 
Institute on Disabilities at Temple University
    December 4, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                        Sherri Landis Testimony

    Senator Casey has devoted his three terms in the U.S. 
Senate to being an unwavering advocate for people with 
disabilities. He was instrumental in the creation of the ABLE 
Act and recently spearheaded the passage of the ENABLE Act, 
which permanently enshrines the ABLE Act's provisions into law, 
ensuring that individuals with disabilities can benefit from 
tax-advantaged savings accounts. Throughout his tenure, he has 
consistently championed efforts to improve Medicaid home and 
community services. Every piece of legislation Senator Casey 
introduced that impacted the disability community reflected his 
deep belief that people with disabilities deserve the resources 
and support necessary to live and work in their communities.
    During the pandemic, Senator Casey reinforced his 
commitment by regularly meeting with Pennsylvania self-
advocates and disability stakeholders, gaining firsthand 
insight into the challenges they faced. The Arc of Pennsylvania 
has always recognized Senator Casey as a trusted ally in 
Washington, prioritizing the needs of people with disabilities. 
His advocacy extended beyond his role as a Senator-he truly 
understood and valued the potential of individuals with 
disabilities, creating a deep sense of trust and understanding 
within the disability community. He spoke our language, 
understood our needs, and remained a steadfast champion for the 
rights of people with disabilities across Pennsylvania and the 
nation. On behalf of The Arc of Pennsylvania Board of Directors 
and staff, we extend our heartfelt gratitude to Senator Casey. 
Your dedication and hard work will always be remembered and 
deeply appreciated.

    Sherri Landis, Executive Director
    The Arc of Pennsylvania
    December 3, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                          Katy Neas Testimony

    On behalf of The Arc of the United States, I wish to 
express my deep gratitude to Senator Casey for his decades of 
service and unwavering commitment to protecting the rights of 
people with disabilities. Throughout his tenure, Senator 
Casey's leadership has been instrumental to advancing policies 
that promote inclusion, self-determination, and dignity for 
all. People often show who they truly are in times of crisis. 
From the many battles to protect and strengthen Medicaid, to 
the darkest days of the COVID-19 pandemic, Senator Casey showed 
himself to be not just an ally but a champion for the 
disability community. As chair of the Senate Aging Committee, 
he took on critical threats to the lives of people with 
disabilities-strengthening Home and Community Based Services 
and addressing the Disability Support Professional workforce 
crisis.
    He also fought to ensure that people with disabilities have 
the resources and opportunities they need not just to survive, 
but to thrive. We commend Senator Casey for his many 
legislative achievements, including but limited to his 
leadership of the Stephen Beck Jr. Achieving a Better Life 
Experience Act, or ABLE Act. This landmark legislation has 
empowered people with disabilities to save money for future 
needs with the peace of mind that they can maintain access to 
lifeline benefits. We thank Senator Casey for his dedication, 
his vision, his leadership, and for being a steadfast advocate 
for people with disabilities. His work will continue to make a 
lasting difference in the lives of people with disabilities, 
their loved ones, and our Nation.
    Katy Neas, Chief Executive Officer, The Arc of the United 
States
    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                        Dr. Tina Paone Testimony

    Senator Bob Casey's work to prevent elder abuse, neglect, 
and exploitation, including financial exploitation of seniors, 
has had an impact on thousands of elderly Pennsylvanians. 
Selected to share my mother's story of financial exploitation 
at the Guardianship and Alternatives: Protection and 
Empowerment, provided me with a platform to share the concerns 
of so many aging Pennsylvanians tangled in the guardianship 
system. As a result of being provided with this national 
platform, local officials heard the call to action. Within 
months of my testimony, we were made aware that the court-
appointed guardian we had removed also resigned as guardian 
from the hundreds of other cases in which they were involved. 
This would not have been possible without the support of 
Senator Casey.
    During this same hearing, the introduction of the 
Guardianship Bill of Rights, was presented. It is the hope that 
bill will move forward with the new administration of the 
Special Senate Committee on Aging. It will not only benefit 
Pennsylvanians, but the elderly population nationwide.

    Dr. Tina Paone
    Professor & Licensed Professional Counselor
    Monmouth University
    December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                         Tom Carasiti Testimony

    Senator Casey will be missed by the individuals and 
families of the Pennsylvania disability community. As a parent 
and advocate for the developmentally disabled, it was truly 
comforting to know Senator Casey and his staff had our backs 
when it came to championing the policies and needs of our 
families. All good causes need representation in Washington. 
It's difficult to imagine anyone else representing us to the 
level he provided. Senator Casey and his team were always 
accessible to hear and address our concerns. His mere presence 
in Washington, just that alone, gave us comfort knowing he 
would always guide legislation to improve our lives. We thank 
him immensely for his work, and wish him the very best in his 
next endeavors.
    Sincerely,
    Tom Carasiti Pennsylvania Waiting List Campaign 
Philadelphia, PA December 6, 2024

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

 "Empowering People with Disabilities to Live, Work, Learn, and Thrive"

                           December 12, 2024

                       Statements for the Record

                     Vision for Equality Testimony

    Senator Casey's unwavering commitment to advancing 
disability policy has had a profound and lasting impact on the 
lives of individuals with intellectual and developmental 
disabilities across Pennsylvania and beyond. Your leadership as 
Chair of the Aging Committee and your steadfast advocacy for 
inclusive policies have given a voice to those who are often 
unheard, creating opportunities for independence, dignity, and 
belonging. From strengthening access to essential supports and 
services to championing the rights of individuals with 
disabilities, your work has touched countless lives and 
empowered families to thrive.
    You will be deeply missed by the disability community, not 
only for your accomplishments but also for your genuine 
compassion and dedication to ensuring that all people, 
regardless of ability, can lead fulfilling lives. As we 
celebrate your legacy, Vision for Equality extends our 
heartfelt gratitude and best wishes for the next chapter of 
your journey.
    Thank you, Senator Casey, for being a true advocate and 
ally,

    Audrey Coccia and Maureen Devaney, Co-Executive Directors
    Vision for Equality
    Philadelphia, PA
    December 6, 2024
    
                               [all]