[House Hearing, 118 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]





                        EXAMINING TRANSITIONING
                       SERVICEMEMBERS EXPERIENCE

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               before the

                  SUBCOMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY

                                 of the

                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               __________


                        FRIDAY, AUGUST 23, 2024

                               __________


                           Serial No. 118-76

                               __________


       Printed for the use of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs





                 [GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
               




                    Available via http://govinfo.gov

                               ______
                                 

                 U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE

57-071                    WASHINGTON : 2026











                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     MIKE BOST, Illinois, Chairman

AUMUA AMATA COLEMAN RADEWAGEN,       MARK TAKANO, California, Ranking 
    American Samoa, Vice-Chairwoman      Member
JACK BERGMAN, Michigan               JULIA BROWNLEY, California
NANCY MACE, South Carolina           MIKE LEVIN, California
MATTHEW M. ROSENDALE, SR., Montana   CHRIS PAPPAS, New Hampshire
MARIANNETTE MILLER-MEEKS, Iowa       FRANK J. MRVAN, Indiana
GREGORY F. MURPHY, North Carolina    SHEILA CHERFILUS-MCCORMICK, 
C. SCOTT FRANKLIN, Florida               Florida
DERRICK VAN ORDEN, Wisconsin         CHRISTOPHER R. DELUZIO, 
MORGAN LUTTRELL, Texas                   Pennsylvania
JUAN CISCOMANI, Arizona              MORGAN MCGARVEY, Kentucky
ELIJAH CRANE, Arizona                DELIA C. RAMIREZ, Illinois
KEITH SELF, Texas                    GREG LANDSMAN, Ohio
JENNIFER A. KIGGANS, Virginia        NIKKI BUDZINSKI, Illinois

                       Jon Clark, Staff Director
                  Matt Reel, Democratic Staff Director

                  SUBCOMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY

                 DERRICK VAN ORDEN, Wisconsin, Chairman

NANCY MACE, South Carolina           MIKE LEVIN, California Ranking 
C. SCOTT FRANKLIN, Florida               Member
JUAN CISCOMANI, Arizona              FRANK J. MRVAN, Indiana
ELIJAH CRANE, Arizona                MORGAN MCGARVEY, Kentucky
                                     DELIA C. RAMIREZ, Illinois



Pursuant to clause 2(e)(4) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House, public 
hearing records of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs are also 
published in electronic form. The printed hearing record remains the 
official version. Because electronic submissions are used to prepare 
both printed and electronic versions of the hearing record, the process 
of converting between various electronic formats may introduce 
unintentional errors or omissions. Such occurrences are inherent in the 
current publication process and should diminish as the process is 
further refined.








                         C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                              ----------                              

                        FRIDAY, AUGUST 23, 2024

                                                                   Page

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

The Honorable Derrick Van Orden, Chairman........................     1
The Honorable Mike Levin, Ranking Member.........................     4

                               WITNESSES
                                Panel I

Mr. Duane Honeycutt, Executive Director, Milwaukee VA Regional 
  Office, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs....................     6

        Accompanied by:

    Mr. Nick Pamperin, Executive Director, Veteran Readiness and 
        Employment, Veterans Benefits Administration, U.S. 
        Department of Veterans Affairs

    Ms. Melissa Cohen, Executive Director, Outreach, Transition, 
        and Economic Development, Veterans Benefits 
        Administration, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

                                Panel II

Mr. Joe Quackenboss, Veteran Service Officer, Trempealeau County.    17

Mr. Dustin Schultz, Veteran Specialist, Western Technical College    18

Ms. Danielle Luba, Commander, The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the 
  U.S............................................................    20

Ms. Kaytlyn Brown, Student Veteran, Western Technical College....    21

Mr. Adrian Moreno, Student Veteran, University of Wisconsin La 
  Crosse.........................................................    22

                                APPENDIX
                    Prepared Statements Of Witnesses

Mr. Duane Honeycutt Prepared Statement...........................    37
Mr. Joe Quackenboss Prepared Statement...........................    42
Mr. Dustin Schultz Prepared Statement............................    43
Ms. Danielle Luba Prepared Statement.............................    44
Ms. Kaytlyn Brown Prepared Statement.............................    44
Mr. Adrian Moreno Prepared Statement.............................    46

                       Statements For The Record

Disabled American Veterans Prepared Statement....................    49









 
                        EXAMINING TRANSITIONING
                       SERVICEMEMBERS EXPERIENCE

                              ----------                              


                        FRIDAY, AUGUST 23, 2024

      Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity,
                    Committee on Veterans' Affairs,
                             U.S. House of Representatives,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:03 a.m., 
University of Wisconsin La Crosse (UWL) Cleary Alumni & Friends 
Center, Great Hall, 615 East Avenue N., La Crosse, WI, Hon. 
Derek Van Orden, (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding.
    Present: Representatives Van Orden, Grothman, and Levin.

        OPENING STATEMENT OF DERRICK VAN ORDEN, CHAIRMAN

    Mr. Van Orden. The subcommittee will come to order. Good 
morning.
    First of all, I want to thank everybody for joining us in 
this field hearing for the Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity 
of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Veterans 
Affairs.
    To the best of our knowledge this is the first official 
congressional hearing that has ever taken place in the Third 
congressional District of the State of Wisconsin.
    I really want to thank you all for coming here, and there 
will be more of this. I want everybody that is here to be more 
connected with what is taking place in DC, and I sure as hell 
want everyone in DC to be more connected with what is taking 
place here, and this is a function of that. Thank you so much.
    I am Derek Van Orden. It is my pleasure to not only serve 
as your Congressman but also to serve as the chairman of the 
subcommittee, and I set the pace in this Congress that this is 
not a bipartisan committee. This is a nonpartisan committee and 
I am very proud of Ranking Member Levin and the staff are 
strictly adhering to this policy, and there is certainly enough 
garbage politically taking place around the country right now 
and there is absolutely no place for politics at all when we 
are discussing our veterans.
    Thank you very much, Mike. I appreciate that greatly.
    I also want to thank the students, faculty, staff at the 
University of Wisconsin La Crosse for being here at this field 
hearing.
    Chancellor Beeby, I do not know if he had a chance to be 
here but thank you very much for having us here. David Tubb, 
Nate Wolfe from the Veterans Center, thank you for hosting us 
in your space.
    This is a unique space around the country. You guys do an 
incredible job for supporting our veterans so thank you so much 
for that.
    I also want to thank the Greater Driftless Area businesses 
for hosting our staff during our stay here. I believe that they 
have consumed their body's weight of cheese curds, which I 
appreciate greatly.
    Mike just got here because he was down in Chicago. There 
was something going on there. I did not read the papers this 
morning. Apparently, there was something going on in Chicago, 
but it is great to have him up here.
    It is wonderful to see a school like this integrating 
veterans who have served our country and protected us into 
their campus culture and that does not happen everywhere around 
the country, and so I deeply appreciate that.
    Again, I would like to thank Ranking Member Levin. He is 
not just the ranking member of this committee. He is actually a 
friend of mine. We did the first subcommittee hearing--that was 
the first one in Congress at all--was at Mike's district.
    He represents Oceanside, California. They have the highest 
population of veterans homelessness in the Nation and it is 
Mike's number-one priority to help alleviate veterans' 
homelessness and he makes a very, very strong effort in doing 
so, and so thank you for coming to my neighborhood.
    This summer it is great to have everybody here in the State 
of Wisconsin. We are the largest producer of cheese. You can 
take notes if you want. Cheese, cranberries, horseradish, 
ginseng, prepared meats, bovine--dairy bovine genetics. I will 
tell you what that means later. Of course, mink pelts. Mink 
pelts.
    If anybody is in the market for bovine genetics or mink 
pelts, please see my staff after the subcommittee hearing.
    I want to thank you all, especially Mike, for traveling 
here to the great State of Wisconsin and we are going to listen 
to the people from Wisconsin and also from the Veterans Affairs 
Committee to try to make sure that we can understand what the 
heck is going on.
    Before we get rolling, I am just going to ask everybody 
that has served this Nation in their uniform please stand up. 
Holy beans.
    [Applause.]
    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you. Who is watching the world right 
now?
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Van Orden. It is a valid question. I see my commander 
here, Sarah. Doug is here from Monroe County. Awesome guy. We 
have an active duty service member. He is a specialist. I do 
not know if he wants to be on camera or not but he is around 
here somewhere. Pretty good dude. I know his dad, who was a 
Marine. He joined the Army. His dad is mad at him still.
    I also want to thank the staff. There is so much work that 
goes into having these, especially outside of DC, so I want to 
thank the majority staff. I want to thank the minority staff 
for coming out here.
    It is just amazing. They leave their families to come out 
here to make sure that you guys understand what is going on.
    If any of you are having issues with the Veterans Affairs 
Administration, and I am your Congressman, or if Glenn is your 
Congressman--Congressman Grothman--I am going to introduce him 
in a second--I want you to--my staff, raise your hand. Hands.
    Okay. If you are having a problem with the Veterans Affairs 
Administration, everything from getting enrolled into ID Me, 
which we have got some groups here, or if you are having 
problems with claims and disabilities and stuff we are here for 
you today but we will also be here for you tomorrow and the 
next day and the next day and the next, okay, and that is an 
open invitation.
    The format for today's event is set up to allow you guys to 
see what proceedings in Washington, DC, look like. It is not a 
town hall but, again, we have just identified everybody from 
the staff. If you have issues please bring them up with them or 
me following, or with Ranking Member Levin.
    My top priority as a member of the Veterans Affairs 
Committee is suicide prevention, and as the chairman of the 
subcommittee I have decided to take a novel approach to doing 
this by ensuring that our service members' transition from the 
military to civilian life is successful.
    We have a program called the Transition Assistance Program, 
or TAP, in order to help with this, and I have chosen to focus 
on TAP because those 24 months after someone leaves the service 
is, unfortunately, when a lot of our veterans decide to commit 
suicide and that is because in a blink of eye they lose their 
rank and their uniform. They lose their social status. They 
lose authority and anywhere from half to all of their paycheck 
and it is incredibly stressful.
    I decided to use our authority as Members of Congress to 
make the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) take 
alternative and innovative approaches to preventing veteran 
suicide as what they are doing is simply--it is just not 
working.
    Congress has provided over $120 billion since 9/11, $16.5 
billion in this last Fiscal Year for veteran suicide prevention 
and the veteran suicide rate is increasing. What the VA is 
doing is not working. That is an objective fact.
    This is another way to approach this problem set and I say 
make because, unfortunately, many times the Veterans Affairs 
Administration drags its feet when it comes to institutional 
change and they are not alone.
    The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) has not been 
exceptionally helpful in this matter either and no department, 
agency, or individual will ever be given any slack by this 
subcommittee if they are protecting their institutions at the 
expense of our veterans.
    If you read the papers around here you know that I can get 
a bit salty when I am adamant about an issue and this is no 
different.
    Getting TAP right is an upstream solution that will 
hopefully mitigate so many of the negative issues that faces 
our vets today and potentially help Ranking Member Levin's 
number-one issue, keeping them off the street to begin with.
    What we are going to do here is we are going to look at TAP 
very specifically. Having served for 26 years myself I know how 
difficult the transition to being a civilian can be.
    I introduced the TAP--legislation to enhance the TAP 
program, which is very well intended but, unfortunately, it 
does not always meet the mark.
    A recent U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) study 
found that more than 4,300 at-risk service members did not 
receive the warm handover assistance that was needed--4,300 of 
our brothers and sisters--and too many of them were falling 
through the cracks.
    We will be doing a better job to make sure that there is a 
concrete plan set from when they take off that uniform to put 
on a suit or if they put on a tool belt to get to work.
    My bill increases the accountability within the DOD and 
requires more data collection within TAP. My bill also refine 
changes the committee made in the past the DOD did not follow. 
Again, they are not being helpful.
    No two service members have the same life experience as 
their career in the military and we should do all we can to 
help personalize the transition experience that we provide to 
each of them to meet their needs, not the department's needs.
    We are here today to listen, and I am pleased that we have 
a great panel of witnesses with us today to talk about the 
transition from the perspective of western Wisconsin.
    Our panelists today do not do the work they do for money or 
for fame but to help our veterans, and I want to thank the 
panelists who are here today and I look forward to today's 
discussion.
    Once again, I thank Ranking Member Levin for attending this 
field hearing here in the beautiful Third District of the State 
of Wisconsin. I yield back.
    I now yield to the ranking member for his opening remarks.

        OPENING STATEMENT OF MIKE LEVIN, RANKING MEMBER

    Mr. Levin. Well, thank you so much to Chairman Van Orden 
for having me. Thank you to everyone for your hospitality. I 
understand if I am here I have to cheer for the Packers, not 
the Vikings. That is what I have been told. Thank you also to 
my colleague Glenn Grothman.
    I am Mike Levin from Southern California. I have the great 
honor to represent Camp Pendleton. I do not know if we have any 
Marines here but it has been my privilege and honor to serve 
these last 6 years and, you know, I can tell you when you get 
to Congress you have the opportunity to serve on a variety of 
different committees, a lot of the committees that you probably 
see on cable news, people screaming and yelling at each other, 
not really getting anything done, not being productive.
    Your Congress member, Derek Van Orden, after his honorable 
service as a SEAL decided to continue that service in the House 
of Representatives and made a choice to be part of the House 
Veterans Affairs Committee, which is probably the last bastion 
of--you can call it nonpartisanship. You can call it 
camaraderie. You can call it, you know, actually trying to get 
something done for people rather than just point fingers and 
yell.
    Sometimes we all point fingers at the VA. I am sorry about 
that. We do it--at least we do it in a bipartisan way, in a 
friendly way most of the time.
    Look, we are making great progress and I am really hopeful 
that working with the chairman and working with my colleagues 
that the staff will continue to work in a very collaborative 
way as well to get major veterans legislation passed this year.
    There is no reason we cannot do it. We have to prioritize 
it. We are making great progress as it pertains to veteran 
homelessness. I was very excited to work with VA, U.S. 
Department of Housing & Urban Development (HUD), and Treasury a 
recent change, a very big rule for veterans who are on the 
brink of homelessness or have become homeless.
    If you are--if you get disability compensation that used to 
be counted as income toward getting housing assistance. That is 
no longer the case. This is a very big deal.
    The Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our 
Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) Act is another 
very big deal, and as I was making the turn into La Crosse I 
saw a big old billboard for the PACT Act and wanted to ask the 
chairman how he pulled that off. I want one of those billboards 
in Oceanside, California.
    I know that we are here to talk about TAP and I just want 
to agree with what the chairman said. There is no one size fits 
all for transitioning a service member. It simply does not 
work.
    We have to individually tailor TAP for each service 
member's needs as best we can. I have had the honor to go and 
participate in the TAP classes at Camp Pendleton and they throw 
so much at our transitioning service members all at once in so 
many acronyms, so many programs.
    They expect everybody to know everything after, you know, 
basically feeding it all to them. It is like cramming for an 
exam, right.
    We have some bills that, hopefully, would help. There is 
one that I introduced called the Transition Improvement by 
Estimating Risk, or TIER Act, which will add new screening 
criteria to better understand the risk factors each 
transitioning service member faces.
    It was passed in the House National Defense Authorization 
Act so we passed that in a bipartisan way but then it goes to 
the Senate and we know that--I see Senator Baldwin's staff here 
so I cannot say too many bad things about the Senate--but that 
is not always where good things get done. We need help with 
that.
    Ranking Member Takano has the Ensuring Veterans Smooth 
Transition Act that would automatically enroll transitioning 
veterans into VA health care. I think that is a very good idea.
    We have been, you know, working in a bipartisan way, 
nonpartisan way, to address the problems with TAP and I think 
your Congress member is spot on in the desire for us to work 
together and to improve things. We have to. We are going to 
continue to do it and I hope we can get some stuff done this 
year.
    With that, Mr. Chairman, I will yield back. Go Packers.
    Mr. Van Orden. Okay. Now, he asked me, should you cheer for 
the Packers or the Vikings. Now you know we are working in a 
truly bipartisan manner because he would have opened up with--
he would have opened up with a skull this would have been a----
    Mr. Levin. I would have said Go Rams but nobody here would 
have liked that. They would not--throw me out of here.
    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you, Ranking Member Levin.
    I will now introduce the witness panel. Our witnesses for 
the first panel are from the Department of Veterans Affairs--
from the Department of Veterans Affairs include Mr. Duane 
Honeycutt, executive director of the Milwaukee VA regional 
office, who is accompanied by Mr. Nick Pamperin, executive 
director of Veterans Readiness and Employment (VR&E), and Ms. 
Melissa Cohen, executive director of outreach, transition and 
economics.
    I would ask the individuals to please stand and raise their 
hands.
    Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to 
provide is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the 
truth?
    [Witnesses are sworn.]
    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you very much. The record will reflect 
that the witnesses have answered in the affirmative.
    Please take your seat. In accordance with the Committee 
Rule 5(e) I ask unanimous consent that Representative Glenn 
Grothman from the great State of Wisconsin be permitted to 
participate in today's subcommittee hearing.
    Hearing no objections, we will proceed.
    Mr. Honeycutt, you are now recognized for 5 minutes to 
deliver your testimony on behalf of the VA witnesses.

                  STATEMENT OF DUANE HONEYCUTT

    Mr. Honeycutt. Chairman Van Orden, Ranking Member Levin, 
and distinguished members of the subcommittee, I appreciate the 
opportunity to appear before you today to discuss transitioning 
service members' experience with the Department of Veterans 
Affairs and the services and benefits available to them.
    Accompanying me today is Melissa Cohen, executive director 
of outreach, transition and economic development, and Nick 
Pamperin, executive director of veteran readiness and 
employment.
    Within VA our focus is on increasing transparency, 
improving collaboration, and keeping veterans at the center of 
everything we do. The VR&E benefit is truly one of the most 
life transformative programs for our veterans that VA has.
    The Milwaukee VR&E division comprised of three VR&E out-
based offices--Eau Claire, Green Bay and Madison--as well as 
the Vet Success on Campus program at the University of 
Wisconsin, Milwaukee, the VR&E benefit is truly one of the most 
life transformative programs our veterans have.
    At the Milwaukee VA regional office, or RO, we have focused 
on positive veteran outcomes, communication with our partners 
about VR&E benefits and outreach. Locational rehabilitation 
counselors have already achieved a positive outcome for 166 
veterans this Fiscal Year of which 141 have received an 
employment outcome.
    Of those 25 have reached maximum rehabilitation gain, which 
means the veteran participant has reached full employability 
potential based on the limitations of their disabilities.
    Potential like Darren, a marine from Milwaukee who shared, 
``Peng, my VR&E counselor, guided me straight into a vocational 
field appropriate for my life experience. Her motivation pushed 
me to do better than I believed I could. I completed my degree 
and began a new construction safety manager career. My service-
connected disability had limited my future earning potential. 
Peng facilitated a plan for myself and my family to move 
forward.''
    We cannot be fully successful without the support of our 
partners. The Milwaukee RO regularly provides training and 
monthly briefings to county veteran service officers and 
veteran service organization partners about all aspects of RO 
operations including VR&E.
    In addition to assisting veterans who are actually seeking 
employment the Milwaukee RO collaborates with Federal, State, 
and county and city partners, and in this Fiscal Year the 
Milwaukee RO assisted veterans with job placement into 20 
Federal, three State, three county, and six city positions.
    We also want to ensure we are doing our best to outreach to 
veterans themselves. The Milwaukee VR&E division has taken a 
proactive role in presenting virtual meetings and events open 
to veterans throughout the State.
    The VR&E division continues its active involvement with the 
Department of Workforce Development. In Fiscal Year 2024 we 
have had over 1,214 VR&E applicants, the most claims the VR&E 
division in Milwaukee has ever processed.
    The Milwaukee RO maintains a strong outreach presence 
across the State of Wisconsin including to transitioning 
service members.
    During Fiscal Year 2023 the RO participated in 14 Reserve 
and Guard outreach events and five thus far in Fiscal Year 
2024, assisting veterans and transitioning service members at 
events such as resource fairs and Yellow Ribbon programs 
throughout the State.
    I want to express my appreciation for your continued 
support and continue to improve our service to transitioning 
our Nation's veterans, their families, their caregivers and 
survivors.
    VA remains committed to increasing transparency and 
continued collaboration with you and our stakeholders.
    Chairman, this concludes my statement. My colleagues and I 
would be happy to answer any questions to you or any other 
members of the subcommittee may have.
    Thank you.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Duane Honeycutt Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman yields back.
    The chair now recognizes Ms. Cohen for 5 minutes for her 
testimony, and the written testimony of Mr. Honeycutt will be 
entered into the hearing record.
    Well, I guess we will not be doing that, Ms. Cohen. You 
guys all got together ahead of time. All right.
    Well, I will now proceed to a question and ask the members 
and witnesses to please respect the 5-minute rule. Actually, I 
am not going to ask you. I am telling you. I am shutting the 
microphone off at 5 minutes. Sorry, that is the senior chief in 
me. Anyone in the Navy gets that.
    I now recognize Ranking Member Levin for 5 minutes to 
question witnesses.
    Mr. Levin. Well, thank you, Chairman. I got a readout of 
the annual VA military civilian transition summit and one thing 
that concerned me was that very little--at least as I 
understand, very little was discussed about the Veteran 
Readiness and Employment, or VR&E, program.
    This has been a underutilized program for my five-plus 
years in the Congress and I have been trying to figure out why 
that is and how we can improve.
    I think the role that the program plays with service 
members transitioning out of the military due to an illness or 
injury is incredibly important. It provides something called 
IDES, Integrated Disability Evaluation System, counselors that 
can help transitioning service members with automatic 
enrollment. Again, I think that is important if they are being 
discharged due to illness or injury.
    Mr. Honeycutt, how does the VA ensure awareness of the VR&E 
program and IDES counselors located on military installations?
    Mr. Honeycutt. Thank you for that question. I believe Ms. 
Cohen would be able to provide a complete response.
    Ms. Cohen. Thank you for the question.
    We make transitioning service members, first and foremost, 
aware of VR&E in our TAP course. We have module four. It is 
within getting career ready. It is an 80-minute course.
    Subsequent to that we provide one-on-one benefit advisor 
appointments. A new initiative we are starting is that you 
can--we show a Quick Response (QR) code during your TAP course 
so you can make the appointment right there during TAP so you 
can talk with a benefit advisor individually.
    Also Solid Start. We are going to reach out to veterans 
three times in that first year and we stand ready to answer 
VR&E-related questions and to--we have access to what services 
they have accessed or not and can share VR&E information there.
    We also have many military lifestyle modules as well so 
there are a myriad of avenues we try to make sure we do that. 
Last, too our outreach efforts--we do include it in our--in our 
outreach talking points.
    Mr. Levin. Do you think that today VR&E is utilized 
effectively by transitioning service members? Are you satisfied 
with the rate with which VR&E is used?
    Ms. Cohen. If I would, I would defer that to Mr. Pamperin 
with the VR&E program.
    Mr. Pamperin. It is a great question, sir.
    What I will tell you is we have seen record growth within 
VR&E, growth that we have never seen historically before. We 
are up over 45 percent in applications, over 38 percent in 
active participants. We are at over 160,000 veterans within our 
program.
    Our program is not for every veteran. You do have to have 
that service-connected disability and an employment barrier. In 
my two and a half years in this program, when I first came on 
board we were hovering at around 117,000, 120,000. I think as 
part of outreach, as part of the PACT Act, part of all of the 
efforts that we have made, we have seen tremendous growth.
    Mr. Levin. How many veterans, roughly, do you think could 
avail themselves of VR&E if they knew to sign up and, you know, 
were given the adequate information to do? What does that rough 
number look like? It is 160,000 out of how many?
    Mr. Pamperin. Honestly, sir, I would have to take that one 
back for the record because it is a two-part process. You have 
got to have the service-connected and character of discharge 
for eligibility and then you are seen by a counselor and they 
are the ones who make that professional designation--is that--
is there a barrier to your employment and things of that 
nature. I would be happy to----
    Mr. Levin. I am encouraged to hear the spike, you know, 38 
percent you said from a hundred--you said, roughly, 117,000 and 
160,000 but, again, the question is out of how many and what I 
have heard is that it is a lot. You know, we are talking about 
several hundred thousand potentially that could, you know, take 
advantage of that program.
    I guess the--I am encouraged to hear about a QR code--that 
is good. What else can you do differently? It sounds like 
things are improving. Obviously, with the PACT Act they are 
improving. What else can you do differently? What creative 
ideas or suggestions do you have?
    Ms. Cohen. A few initiatives. We have launched--we have 
collaborated with U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) with our off-
base transition training. We have done----
    Mr. Levin. That was our bill. Appreciate that.
    Ms. Cohen. Absolutely. That is another opportunity where we 
are messaging services. Also with our Solid Start--that is new 
too--is we are reaching out where they can schedule the call in 
advance, and while Solid Start already has a more than 70 
percent connection rate we are finding that when people--when 
veterans can schedule that call in advance they are answering 
that call on the first instead of the third call and the length 
of the conversation we are finding is twice as long.
    We continue to work every avenue we can to make sure we 
have that direct connect.
    Mr. Levin. With the chairman's permission I will ask one 
more question. He is tough with his gavel, though. Or we can 
come back for a second round if you want.
    Mr. Van Orden. Mike, please go ahead and we are going to 
extend your window here.
    Mr. Levin. Thank you, sir.
    Mr. Van Orden. Of course, it is only because you rooted for 
the Packers.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Levin. The other program I wanted to ask you about is 
the Vet Success on Campus and the VSOC counselors. There are 
not enough of them. Lots of campuses do not have them.
    I think I read here in the Milwaukee area you--or in the 
region, rather, you have one at the University of Wisconsin, 
Milwaukee, but you do not have any in lots of other areas.
    The question is how does your VR&E office manage what are 
supposed to be personalized career planning and Chapter 36 
counseling requests at all these other campuses when you only 
have one counselor for this whole region. It is a big region. 
We are a long way from Milwaukee.
    Mr. Honeycutt. Thank you for that question.
    The determination of how many VSOCs we have in Wisconsin, 
unfortunately, is not made by me. It is determined nationally 
and I believe Mr. Pamperin could expound on that as to why.
    Mr. Pamperin. Sure. Be happy to.
    I know VSOC is requested at a lot of states and 
universities across the country. We do have a wait list of 
over--of about 300 universities that have requested them.
    To your point, first, on the Chapter 36 portion, for any 
veteran who is seeking 36 services that does not have a VSOC we 
do have what--our Personalized Career Planning and Guidance 
Program (PCPG) contract that does provide that counseling 
service to those veterans on those campus for schools that have 
requested.
    We have, unfortunately, been constrained by who we are 
allowed to hire for a VSOC. Right now, due to our record growth 
our first priority is to ensure that veterans are seen by a 
counselor. We do have that legislative requirement of one 
counselor per 125 veterans.
    We recently added 342 Full-time Equivalent (FTE) to the 
VR&E program this year alone just to maintain that ratio. The 
VSOC counselors on campus provide an immense benefit to 
veterans and to military dependents and spouses on that campus 
but 76 percent of the work that they do is not VR&E related.
    We are constrained by--we are required to hire that 
master's-educated counselor that has one of five degrees.
    Makes it incredibly difficult to recruit and, respectfully, 
my first priority has to be getting those veterans that are in 
the 31 pipeline, that massive growth that we have seen, seen by 
a counselor.
    That is where our primary focus has been.
    Mr. Levin. Do you know if that--my last question--if that 
master's requirement is a statutory requirement or is that 
something that you have put in place via regulation?
    Mr. Pamperin. It is statutory, sir.
    Mr. Levin. We can--we will take that back. That is a very 
helpful feedback.
    Mr. Pamperin. I would love to work with you and the 
committee on finding some relief so that we can potentially 
change that barrier that we have so that we could look to add 
more or provide, you know, the service to colleges.
    Mr. Levin. Thank you. Yield back. He is going to get this 
gavel.
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman's time has expired. The chair 
now recognizes Hon. Glenn Grothman, my very good friend from 
the great State of Wisconsin, for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Grothman. Thank you. Okay. I would like to thank 
Congressman Van Orden for having this hearing.
    You know, most of the Congress is--in August because we are 
not in Washington is kind of on break so I was very happy to 
see that Derek Van Orden was bringing a little bit of Congress 
here, and his office happens to be next to mine.
    I can tell you for a freshman he already has developed a 
reputation for kind of, at least on the Republican side of the 
aisle, one of the two or three guys who is the go-to guy on 
veterans issues and I certainly--not having been in the 
military myself I certainly rely a great deal on Congressman 
Van Orden for how to handle veterans issues.
    Now, a couple questions here. I was interested that you 
just told me that we have restrictions on who can become a 
counselor. Do you think those restrictions should be removed?
    Mr. Pamperin. Sir, for clarification, the restrictions on 
the Vet Success on Campus counselor position?
    Mr. Grothman. Yes.
    Mr. Pamperin. It is my opinion that they--those 
restrictions should be removed so that they can provide the 
general benefits VA assistance. Opens up the door for us to 
hire a whole different cadre than a small group of counselors.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay.
    Next question. Congressman Van Orden led off by talking a 
little bit about the high suicide rate among veterans. Does any 
of you feel qualified to talk about the number of suicides and 
why they are going up?
    I mean, we are certainly putting more and more money into 
counselors, which I guess proves that somebody who is putting 
money into a problem does not solve the problem. If you want to 
give us a shot as to why the number of suicides keeps going up 
anyway?
    Mr. Honeycutt. Thank you for the question.
    I could not really respond to that. I can tell you some--I 
can outline the training our employees have over the--at least 
at the regional office level to attempt to impact that in a 
positive way.
    We have approximately 850 full time employees at the 
Milwaukee regional office. They are required to undergo annual 
training on suicide prevention which includes referrals to 
identifying if they--if they identify it a potential to refer 
to specialists a suicide crisis hotline in the hospital.
    Our public-facing employees actually have training twice a 
year on this issue provided by Melissa's staff and I will let 
Melissa expound on that.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. I will tell you which direction I am 
going.
    First of all, if the number of suicides is going up is it 
greater than for the general population? Say, veterans who are 
in their 30's compared to the population as a whole in their 
30's, are veterans committing suicide at a higher rate?
    Ms. Cohen. I cannot speak to that specific question. I can 
tell you a little bit about some of the services within my area 
of responsibility that may help with the general topic if that 
is helpful for you.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay, sure. Well, do you know when a veteran 
commits suicide does it go into some sort of data bank 
somewhere where we can follow up and see what would have 
happened there?
    Ms. Cohen. I do not have that particular portfolio. I 
cannot answer that question. I can tell you that DOD flags for 
us when there is a transitioning service member that has 
certain risk factors and we will reach out.
    Mr. Grothman. Yes. Does anybody have an answer to that 
question?
    Mr. Van Orden. I do, yes. Sorry, I recognize myself for--
can we have a colloquy here?
    Yes, Congressman Grothman, what happens is that the 
Veterans Affairs Administration catalogs this but they are--
they are not cataloging several different types of deaths of 
veterans including drug and alcohol overdoses and also 
accidents related to drug and alcohol overdose.
    They are mischaracterizing the amount of veterans that are 
actually committing suicide. We have had multiple hearings 
about this in Congress and the issue is that they are not using 
different types of--they call them evidence-based treatment 
modalities.
    We are going to have--as a matter of fact, I would like to 
invite you and you. In September we are going to have another 
hearing for nontraditional and nonevidence-based treatment 
modalities to prevent veteran suicide.
    That is the long answer to your question. The short answer 
is yes.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. Well, very good.
    Do you find as the number of people you treat has gone up 
that the number of suicides has dropped, or what is the 
correlation between the number of veterans you touch and the 
number of disasters we have?
    Mr. Honeycutt. Thank you for that question. I really do not 
believe that I would be able to answer that question. I think 
that would be better directed toward our Veterans Health 
Administration (VHA) counterparts.
    Give you an example. You know, I said we have--in the 
regional office we have about 850 FTE. Only about 10 percent of 
those actually do face-to-face contact with veterans. The rest 
of them are actually, you know, doing other services, looking 
at--basically deciding claims, different things.
    They may see flags within a claims file that there is a 
suicide potential and they do referrals or it is not unusual 
for the national call center, which is not in Milwaukee, to 
refer a call from a Wisconsin veteran that there is this flag 
for suicide potential or--and it goes through a protocol 
referral process to the hospital, to the suicide hotline, up 
and to include welfare checks. There is a whole litany of 
process there.
    To your base question, I do not feel I would have the 
knowledge to answer it.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. I guess my 5 minutes is up.
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman's time has expired. Glenn, if 
you want to do a second we are here all day.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay.
    Mr. Van Orden. The chair now recognizes himself for 5 
minutes.
    Yes, I just referred to myself in the third person. That is 
what you are supposed to do here in Congress. That is part of 
the problem.
    Okay. How many vets do we have here again? Raise your hand. 
Okay. Keep your hand up if you know what VR&E is. Okay. That is 
actually more than I anticipated but it is about half.
    That is an issue. If we have our veterans that do not even 
understand or know what this program is or that it exists that 
is the problem. You know, we got a big surge. We are getting 
200 more vets a month because of the PACT Act and all that 
coming up.
    We cannot forget about those who have served that are not 
going to go through TAP and it has been a consistent issue that 
I have had with the VA is that we do try to get things done for 
the now retiring veterans but we cannot forget the people that 
made it so we are not conducting this hearing in German. You 
know what I mean?
    We need to do a better job of getting this pushed out to 
the people that look like me and some of the other folks. I 
want to do a follow up with Mike's question and what I have 
noticed and I am sure that Mike--Mike was the chairman of this 
subcommittee the last Congress and I am sure that he has 
noticed that the Veterans Affairs Administration does a 
terrible job of framing a problem. Like, the problem is not 
framed well, and so what is your current budget now for this? 
VR&E--what is the current budget?
    Mr. Pamperin. I believe our current budget is, to include 
expenditures, $1.2 billion.
    Mr. Van Orden. $1.2 billion-ish, right? Okay.
    Are you sufficiently funded?
    I know it is--never ask a government bureaucrat if they are 
sufficiently funded. You cannot see behind you but we can and 
everyone was, like--yes.
    Mr. Pamperin. Right. Obviously, within our program, and I 
do want to just quick mention something about suicide. One 
thing that truly makes VR&E great is veterans in our program by 
our longitudinal study have higher rates of healthcare 
utilization. To your point----
    Mr. Van Orden. That is what we are trying to do.
    Mr. Pamperin [continuing]. we need to make sure that we are 
funded for the staffing levels so that we have counselors to be 
able to serve veterans.
    Mr. Van Orden. Okay. Mike asked you a real specific 
question, how many folks are eligible for this, and you could 
not answer the question, which leads back to my original 
statement.
    The Veterans Affairs Administration does a terrible job of 
framing a problem. You cannot tell me how much money you need 
for X amount of staff persons if you do not know how many staff 
persons you need because you do not know how many veterans need 
to be serviced.
    You guys approach this--and it is not just you. I am not 
bagging on you specifically. You guys approach this thing the 
wrong way. You try to build this huge model. You do not 
understand what needs to take place.
    Until you have an actual survey, until you have a census of 
the amount of veterans that are currently enrolled, the amount 
of veterans that can potentially be enrolled, you cannot 
reasonably ask us for the appropriate on money which it is our 
job to write the budget to give you the money if you do not 
have the data points required.
    I really hope that when you leave here, because we will 
follow up, that we get the answer how many veterans are 
potentially or how many veterans can potentially be enrolled in 
this problem? It is not that hard. What is the disability 
rating, 30 percent?
    Ms. Cohen. Ten.
    Mr. Van Orden. Ten? It is 10 percent so a 10 percent 
rating, right, and then they have to have certain restrictions, 
right? You tie that directly to their diagnosis when they come 
out to get that rating.
    It is really not that complicated. It just is not. I used 
this program to go to law school. I have used every single 
educational program from tuition assistance to VR&E. I have 
used the entire spectrum.
    No one can snow the snowman. I know you guys are trying to 
do your best but we have to do a better job of framing these 
problems and we have to do a better job of educating the people 
sitting behind you, which leads me to this question.
    What is your interface with our CVSOs, our county veteran 
service officers? What type of interface do you have with them? 
Is it a regular meeting? Is it a quarterly thing? Is it 
bimonthly? Is it a newsletter?
    How do you guys interface with the troops on the front line 
which are our county veteran service officers?
    Mr. Honeycutt. Thank you so much for that question.
    I can tell you in the 10 years that I have been the 
director of the Milwaukee VA regional office I have a--I feel, 
and I will let them speak for themselves--I feel I have a very 
close relationship with our Wisconsin County Veterans Service 
Officer Association.
    We have monthly conference calls. We have--twice a year 
they have their convention, which I am involved in speaking to. 
I will tell you where we can do better is we usually spend the 
majority time updating changes in the PACT Act, changes in 
benefit entitlement.
    We have not spent as much time as I feel we should on VR&E 
type ancillary benefits and I will make you that commitment. We 
have a--we have a meeting coming up or a convention coming up 
in October. I will make that forefront of my interaction with 
our CVSOs.
    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you, Mr. Honeycutt, and we will check 
my schedule and if I am not in DC, I will be there. With that, 
my time has expired and, Congressman Grothman, do you want to 
do a second round of questioning?
    Mr. Grothman. Sure.
    Mr. Van Orden. Okay. We will do a second round of 
questioning. Ranking Member Levin, do you have any questions 
you would like to ask?
    The chair now recognizes Hon. Glenn Grothman for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Grothman. Yes, I asked a couple questions about suicide 
before and, you know, when our veterans take their own life I 
hope that is something we are all--all realize what a 
catastrophe it is and what we are doing, and I am a little 
concerned maybe we are not getting the appropriate data we can.
    I am going to throw out some questions. Maybe you do not 
know the answers. We all should know the answers. It is a 
concern that we do not. If we do not Congressman Van Orden is 
going to have hearings later, and maybe you know the type of 
things that I think Congress is looking for.
    When you do find suicides, you know, percentage wise how 
many have had contact with the VA beforehand?
    Mr. Honeycutt. Thank you for that question. I do not know 
that answer. What I will do is take back and interface with our 
VHA counterparts that would know that data and I can provide it 
for you.
    Mr. Grothman. Do we have to--the question is do we--do we 
have that data? Does somebody keep track of that?
    Mr. Honeycutt. I am sure that is in VHA, yes, in the 
hospital side.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. Next question is if someone does commit 
suicide do we have data on whether or not they received 
treatment for depression and do we have data as to whether that 
veteran was on any sort of medication?
    Mr. Honeycutt. Thank you for the question. I believe that 
data exists. I will do every--make every attempt to get that 
for you.
    Mr. Grothman. I will tell the reason I am asking the 
question.
    Sometimes, because of Health Insurance Portability and 
Accountability Act (HIPAA) requirements, we are told that 
information we would like to have is not available. I do not 
even know whether you have the ability to get that information. 
If we, for example, find out that a veteran committed suicide 
do we have the capability of knowing whether or not that person 
was on medication or not?
    Mr. Honeycutt. I am unable to answer that question. I 
apologize. I really do not--I really--I am not in a position to 
be able to speak to that.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. I guess what I am getting to, if we are 
going to solve this problem we have to know certain answers, 
right? We cannot just throw money at the situation because you 
throw money at the situation you do not solve the problem, and 
if the treatment they are receiving is ineffective or poor we 
have got to know that.
    We have got to know, you know, what is done, was this 
veteran flagged for potential problems, if--after he dies was 
he receiving counseling for depression within the VA? Was he 
receiving counseling for depression outside the VA?
    Do you not think those are things that we ought to know if 
we are going to be serious about solving this problem?
    Mr. Honeycutt. I do not disagree with you whatsoever, 
Congressman.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. Any of the other two folks up there 
have a comment?
    Ms. Cohen. I agree with Mr. Honeycutt that VHA does own, 
typically, the suicide portfolio. Under my purview I will just 
give you an example going back to Solid Start. This is--it is 
an initiative. When we understand someone has risk factors for 
suicide--the Department of Defense tells us that--we prioritize 
calling those veterans in that first year--that first 
transition year.
    We will make up to 21 calls. For those three times we call 
seven times to make sure we make that connection. We have 
connected with 90,000 people since Solid Start has launched, 
90,000 at-risk veterans to make sure that we connect them with 
all the resources we can, to the crisis line, and to make sure 
that we offer them support.
    Mr. Grothman. I will give you one more follow-up question 
on that.
    Ms. Cohen. Please.
    Mr. Grothman. Of course, they can ask for help through the 
VA and I am sure many people ask for help outside the VA, and I 
am sure many people do not ask for any help at all.
    My guess, though I do not know, is because of HIPAA 
requirements we may find it impossible to know whether or not 
people have received medication for problems or not or if that 
medication is effective because there are a lot of people out 
there more skeptical of medication and think maybe it is even 
counterproductive.
    Do you think if you cannot get the answers to these 
questions that we should maybe put a hole in the HIPAA law to 
allow us to do research just to see how many veterans commit 
suicide, whether they were on antidepressants?
    Ms. Cohen. I am sorry. I cannot speak to that specific 
HIPAA topic.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. Well, okay. Well, thank you for 
allowing me to go over and----
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman----
    Mr. Grothman. I will yield.
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman yields.
    Before we dismiss you guys I just want everyone in the 
audience to understand that Mr. Pamperin, Mr. Honeycutt, and 
Ms. Cohen are not dodging anything. This is not what you hear 
on TV. This is not the bureaucratic dodge.
    What it does demonstrate is that the Veterans Affairs 
Administration has built itself on a series of pillars of 
excellence, or you know them as stovepipes, because there is 
part of the VHA, Glenn, that they do not even know this stuff.
    They do not cross pollinate. It is because the Veterans 
Affairs Administration is the second largest bureaucracy on the 
planet, the first one being our own DOD.
    I just want to be very clear with everybody here that these 
three folks are not dodging anything. They have been very 
forthcoming and--but it is great to demonstrate the fact that 
these would be great things to know if we do frame the problem 
and we kind of readjust ourselves.
    It is not just--it is not pushing a veteran through to get 
an education. It is pushing a veteran through to make sure that 
they are alive to get the education and that once they get the 
education they become a productive member of society as a 
civilian just as they were a productive member of society as a 
member of the military.
    I want to thank you guys very much. Are you driving back? 
Can you hang on for the second panel?
    Mr. Van Orden. You are all good? Okay. Well, with that, I 
want to thank you all and you are excused. I hope you will and 
you will be sticking around for the second panel. We will be in 
recess until we get ourselves set up here for the second panel.
    [Recess.]
    Mr. Van Orden. Take your seats, please. Take your seats, 
please.
    In our second panel we have representatives from several 
local community organizations and student veterans: Mr. Joe 
Quackenboss--great name--veteran service officer from 
Trempealeau County; Mr. Dustin Schultz, a veteran specialist at 
Western Tech College; and Ms. Dana Luba, The Veterans of 
Foreign Wars of the U.S. (VFW) commander in Wisconsin.
    Then we also have Ms. Kaytlyn Brown, student veteran from 
Western Tech--good morning, ma'am--and Mr. Adrian Moreno, a 
student veteran at the University of Wisconsin La Crosse.
    I would like to welcome you all and please stand and raise 
your right hand.
    Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to 
provide is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the 
truth?
    [All witnesses answer in the affirmative.]
    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you very much. Let the record reflect 
that all witnesses have answered in affirmative. Please take 
your seats.
    Mr. Quackenboss, you are now recognized for 5 minutes to 
deliver your testimony.

                  STATEMENT OF JOE QUACKENBOSS

    Mr. Quackenboss. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    As a military veteran, transitioning from active duty to 
civilian life is a journey filled with both challenges and 
opportunities, especially when it comes to navigating the 
academic landscape.
    My experience transitioning both on and off the school 
campus has been a mix of triumphs and tribulations but through 
it all I have identified key areas where support from various 
entities could significantly have enhanced the process for 
veterans like myself.
    On campus one of the biggest hurdles I faced was adjusting 
to the academic environment. Coming from a structured military 
setting to the more independent and sometimes overwhelming 
nature of college classes was a significant shift.
    Many veterans, myself included, could benefit from tailored 
orientation programs that not only introduce us to academic 
resources but also provide guidance on time management, study 
skills and access to tutoring services.
    Furthermore, the Department of Veteran Affairs plays a 
crucial role in supporting veterans through educational 
benefits. While the GI bill offers valuable assistance the 
bureaucracy and delays in processing claims can be very 
frustrating and discouraging for a lot of veterans.
    Streamlining the application process and the disbursement 
of funds process could alleviate a lot of stress and ensure 
that veterans receive the entitled benefits in a more timely 
manner.
    In addition to institutional support, veteran service 
organizations like the American Legion, the different CVSOs, 
things like that, they provide valuable resources for veterans 
transitioning to civilian lifestyle
    These organizations can offer a sense of camaraderie, 
something that a lot of us left behind, that peer support and 
access to valuable resources such as career counseling, 
networking opportunities and mental health services.
    However, that greater collaboration between Veterans 
Service Organizations (VSO) and educational facilities I feel 
like needs to be enhanced to ensure veterans are aware and 
connected to the vital resources they have.
    There is a gap between what even myself as a CVSO knows 
about the veteran benefits available for education and what 
there is for veterans when they step foot on campus.
    Community members also play a very high role in supporting 
veterans during the transition. Many employers, for instance, 
can implement veteran hiring initiatives and provide mentorship 
programs to help veterans navigate within the community. This 
can help combat the stigma and create a more inclusive 
environment for reintegration of veterans.
    In conclusion, the transition from military service to 
civilian life, particularly within the academic setting, is a 
complex process that requires support from multiple 
stakeholders.
    By improving access to resources, streamlining 
bureaucratic--I am sorry, bureaucratic processes, fostering 
collaboration between institutions and organizations, and 
cultivating a supportive community environment we can enhance 
the transition for veterans to ensure they strive in post-
service endeavors.
    Thank you.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Joe Quackenboss Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman yields back. Thank you, Mr. 
Quackenboss. The written statement of Mr. Quackenboss will be 
entered into the record.
    Mr. Schultz, you are now recognized for 5 minutes to 
deliver your testimony.

                  STATEMENT OF DUSTIN SCHULTZ

    Mr. Schultz. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    My name is Dustin Schultz. I am a veteran specialist for 
Western Technical College (WTC) and have been in my position 
for 3 years.
    Prior to this role, I was a veteran service officer and a 
nonprofit director for a veteran mentorship program where we 
worked with our local veterans treatment court and justice 
involved veterans. Last, I am an honorably discharged U.S. Army 
veteran and served overseas during Operation Iraqi Freedom.
    I will be providing remarks on the struggles I have 
witnessed as service members transition from the military.
    Current programs like the Transition Assistance Program and 
the Yellow Ribbon Reintegration Program--TAP--are great tools 
for help and service members transition into education and 
employment.
    However, senior leadership are often beyond this stage in 
their life. Officers already have a college degree and senior 
noncommissioned officers often elect to transfer their 
education benefit to their dependents.
    Retiring senior leadership may choose not to return to the 
workforce at all. This is a disconnect between those providing 
these preventative services and the lower enlisted service 
members who do not share the same circumstance, and from my 
experience lower enlisted service members struggle to 
transition the most.
    Veterans report that timing is a problem for the current 
transitional services. They see these programs as a series of 
checked boxes positioned between them and their release from 
the military.
    This causes participation to be rushed. Service members are 
not honest about what issues they may have to deal with upon 
their return and do not foresee the challenges ahead of them.
    Veterans report that these programs are provided at the end 
of their time in the military and do not allow much time to 
consider the challenges that they may face. I believe there 
should be more efforts to start the transitional services much 
earlier in their careers.
    Service members are returning to a home where parents, a 
spouse, or other loved ones have taken on some of their 
responsibilities in their absence. They may struggle to find 
their role in the home, leading to relationship issues like 
divorce and thus compounding emotional, financial and social 
hardship.
    Services should include the families who are critical to 
successful transition and help prevent those compounding 
issues.
    Current service programs seem to lack follow up after 
leaving the military. This can leave the veteran feeling 
discarded and devalued. Coordination with other services and 
programs is lacking. There are thousands of nonprofit 
organizations that can help.
    Services or support that is not specific to veterans are 
often overlooked. For example, we have veterans that are not 
aware that they can utilize the free application for Federal 
student aid, FAFSA.
    I believe the case management approach that is proactively 
assessing the service members and their families as they 
transition back into the civilian life would be helpful. 
Incorporate all effective forms of support such as faith-based 
programs, peer support, and others that are personalized to the 
individual.
    Exit services could be provided by a reintegration 
counselor similar to that of the Veteran Readiness and 
Employment program Chapter 31 who can assist the service member 
and connect them to the appropriate resources.
    Veterans who die by suicide are alarming figures but they 
often do not include those who die of accidental death due to 
things like poor decision-making, recklessness, or 
unintentional drug overdoses.
    The service member does not know how they will handle the 
freedoms of civilian life until they experience it. I feel 
there should be an additional emphasis on making good decisions 
and minimizing risky behavior.
    Last, education benefits are a major reason many decide to 
join the military and often the first endeavor for a service 
member after they transition.
    A common issue people report is the financial instability 
due to prorated housing payments. For instance, if a student 
begins spring term January 8 the VA will prorate their monthly 
housing stipend and reduce their housing payment.
    When the term ends the payment is again prorated excluding 
days at the end of the month that the student is not enrolled.
    I believe these inconsistent housing payments cause 
unnecessary hardship to students, student veterans, and their 
families.
    Thank you.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Dustin Schultz Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you, Mr. Schultz.
    I just want to say something. I know the three of you 
pretty well and I told Mike the first time I ever met Dustin he 
gave me the razz, like, what are you doing? I mean, like, 
hardcore.
    I was--and I told him what we are doing, and we have talked 
repeatedly and I really like the initial adversarial approach 
that you have taken and by your testimony here you have shown 
you actually know what you are talking about, as do you, Mr. 
Quackenboss, obviously.
    Then, Ms. Luba, I would like to let everyone to know that 
this is my Veterans of Foreign Wars post commander. Thank you 
for coming today, Commander.
    We are both members of Legion Post 1530 here in La Crosse 
and you are now recognized for 5 minutes to deliver your 
testimony, Ms. Commander.

                   STATEMENT OF DANIELLE LUBA

    Ms. Luba. Thank you.
    House of Representatives, Committee on Veteran Affairs and 
Congressman Van Orden, thank you for the opportunity to let me 
speak on my behalf regarding my transition from the military to 
my civilian life.
    I would first like to explain that I am an almost 17-year 
veteran of the world's greatest Air Force. Most of my career 
has been as an Air National Guard member. I have always worn 
two hats, my military cover and my civilian cover. They both 
coexist with one another.
    My transition to using my educational benefits was a 
challenge for myself. For most of your entire young life into 
adulthood it is controlled by somebody else. They help you to 
make decisions of your day to day.
    When you join the military, you are shifting it from a 
family member's job to help you decide to the military making 
those decisions for you. They set your day for you based on 
what is best for the mission.
    When I was given the opportunity post training I 
immediately enrolled into Western Technical College. I had no 
idea what I was doing. I just kept hearing this is your 
opportunity--take it and run with it, and in the ideal world of 
knowing exactly what you want that would have worked out 
perfectly.
    I spent 2 years using my GI bill for a career that I do not 
think I ever wanted. I then proceeded to continue to use it at 
a 4-year university with the same outcome. It was not until my 
first deployment in 2012 that I had time to sit and think in a 
once again extremely structured environment that I found what 
my forever idea was.
    After I returned I continued to another 4-year school and 
completed my bachelor's degree. One of the main benefits that 
the military will use as a recruiting tool is your school is 
paid for and that statement is correct if you have the proper 
guidance to ensure that it is used correctly.
    Here I sit, an almost 17-year veteran with over $30,000 in 
student loan debt. I am very grateful for the opportunity to 
serve my country and do what I am doing but it would have been 
nice to have better guidance when I was younger.
    They always say once you get older you will understand. I 
now fully understand the need for proper assistance when 
someone is beginning the chapter for their educational 
benefits.
    The Veterans of Foreign Wars support the efforts to making 
veterans' transition a smoother process and assisting them in 
all ways. Veterans have given their worlds to ensure ours and 
to be able to help them now should be everyone's goal.
    I would like to thank you for your time and listening to my 
experience.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Danielle Luba Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Van Orden. The gentlelady yields back.
    Ms. Brown, you are now recognized for 5 minutes to deliver 
your testimony.

                   STATEMENT OF KAYTLYN BROWN

    Ms. Brown. I would like to thank you all for this 
opportunity to come here and speak to you guys about my 
experiences.
    My name is Kaytlyn Brown. I served in the United States 
Navy from November 2014 to September 2023. I opted to do the 
in-person TAP class on board Naval Station Norfolk and I 
personally did not find the week-long class to be beneficial.
    Day one when I showed up on the desks were stack of books 
containing everything and anything, and we had what basically a 
lot of us in the Navy love to call death by PowerPoint.
    Basically, it skimmed over. We did have some guest speakers 
come in and they just regurgitated what was on the PowerPoints 
and were not actually able to answer any of the questions that 
myself and my fellow military members had, and it is still the 
same for my friends who are going through TAP class currently 
because I did ask them about that.
    Sorry, I have a lot of anxiety.
    Mr. Van Orden. Ms. Brown, you have all the time you need.
    Ms. Brown. Then just going into my transition experience 
through my last command, which was mid-Atlantic Regional 
Maintenance Center in Norfolk, I did not have a lot of help 
from them. They just kind of do the usual, hey, you are 
transitioning out. You are separating. We do not really want to 
deal with you.
    They just do not like to help you. I had a, I do believe, a 
4-month out-serve, so a lot of my stuff on the tail end of my 
contract did not show up when I actually had to file my 
separation paperwork.
    I had to actually beg another E7 to argue my leave chit for 
me so I can take leave from July to September to finish out my 
end of contract here at home and, thankfully, he took pity on 
me and did go argue with the higher ups and the officers and 
be, like, hey, you know this is her case.
    She has everything. You know, she did the math. She has all 
the paperwork to show you that she has these days of leave 
occurred to take this full amount even though it does not 
actually reflect in our web pages.
    Then my next biggest issue was dealing with my household 
good moves. I had to go through the Suddath moving company and 
about a couple months after I got home, you know, I had a 
couple months left to actually file all my paperwork and they 
changed the entire system.
    I did not have numbers I needed to actually enter in and to 
try and get paid for stuff they damaged like my washing 
machine. It looks like it fell down the highway. Still works 
somehow but it looks horrible.
    You know, they managed to break a couple--a TV, a couple 
other odds and ends and I am just, like, this is kind of 
fantastic that I cannot get reimbursed because you guys changed 
everything.
    You know, it is just a lot of these service members, you 
know, myself, I do not know about them but a lot of our issues 
stem directly while we are still in the military trying to 
actually get out, prepare ourselves, and we are not getting the 
adequate help or support even from our last commands.
    You know, I have seen it across every single command I have 
been at. I first served on U.S. Stout DDG-55. Those people 
separating they had issues there. Then I next served on USS 
Gerald R. Ford CVN-78--still had issues. 27 Merrimack they did 
get a little bit better but still a lot of issues with these 
separating service members, and I find it extremely 
disappointing, especially after myself being a child of an Army 
veteran and Air Force veteran.
    I watched both my parents struggle and now I understand 
that struggle and I find it still disappointing, you know, 20 
years later it is still happening.
    Thank you for your time.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Kaytlyn Brown Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Van Orden. The gentlelady yields back.
    Ms. Brown, thank you very much for coming. I will talk to 
you later.
    Mr. Moreno, the chair now recognizes you for 5 minutes to 
deliver your testimony.

                   STATEMENT OF ADRIAN MORENO

    Mr. Moreno. All right. Good morning.
    Thank you, Chairman Van Orden, Ranking Member Levin, and 
distinguished members of the Subcommittee of Economic 
Opportunity for allowing me to testify today on the critical 
issue of the transition experience for veterans like us going 
into--going on and off campus.
    My name is Adrian Miguel Marino. I am a senior here at the 
University of Wisconsin La Crosse. I am the leader of--sorry, 
president of the prelaw society here as well as the philosophy 
club.
    Outside of that, I have done youth sports coaching as a 
volunteer for the past four or 5 years since I have been here. 
Before this I served in the Mississippi National Guard straight 
out of high school and after that the Wisconsin National Guard 
and worked for the State of Wisconsin in a civilian capacity 
for my last two or three remaining years serving with the 
Guard.
    I come before you today as a person of Hispanic descent, a 
person of color, as well as a veteran to express concerns on 
behalf of those who are accustomed to being underrepresented.
    I come before all you today because our service members 
face a unique battle transitioning into life as students. It is 
crucial that we as a society through our institutions provide 
comprehensive support to these veterans to ensure their 
transition.
    Transitioning service members, particularly those who are 
first-generation students like myself, often lack proper 
academic guidance despite never even having stepped foot on a 
college campus.
    While veterans undoubtedly possess valuable skills such as 
adaptability and resilience, these alone are not nearly 
sufficient enough to sustain academic performance. The result 
can often be discouragement, isolation, and abandonment of 
educational goals.
    In my own experience, transitioning from the military 
service to civilian life and academia was a process of trial 
and error. I found myself job hopping, trying to find a role 
that suited my skills and interest.
    This period was challenging and very often discouraging. 
The need that I had for structured guidance and support went 
consistently unmet and because of that to say that I struggled 
immensely would be an understatement.
    Good, distinguished members of the committee, we need to 
equip veterans with tools and resources to explore different 
career paths and understand how their skills can translate into 
these civilian roles and not just speak about them.
    I have personally experienced these difficulties and was 
fortunate enough to meet civilians who provided crucial 
support, not because I was a veteran but just because they saw 
how hard I was working to even stay on campus day in and day 
out.
    Unfortunately, many service members do not have the same 
experience. To address this issue I propose that we empower our 
service members with the same level of interest and guidance 
that the universities here offer first-year students.
    Specifically, I recommend the introduction of first-year 
experience courses tailored for veteran students. I also 
advocate for institutions to provide and promote career 
advising and skill translation services.
    These measures can help veterans translate their military 
skills into academic and civilian settings, fostering a 
smoother and more successful transition.
    In support of these proposed solutions research often shows 
that the most significant barrier to pursuing a college degree 
after service is that we are often outliers in the classroom.
    Everything that we know is from personal endeavors and not 
from structured guidance. A first-year experience course 
tailored for veterans could help them navigate their classes 
and on college campuses manage their time more effectively and 
understand the resources available to them.
    Such a course could also provide a supportive community 
either for or comprised of veterans to prevent many of these 
feelings of isolation and, more importantly, prevent many 
avoidable failures.
    In conclusion, we must provide comprehensive support to 
these veterans transitioning into civilian life and academia. 
Again, I recommend the introduction of a first-year experience 
course tailored for veteran students and the promotion of 
career advising and skilled translation services.
    While the parking spaces are great, a little guidance can 
go a very long way and these measures can provide veterans with 
just that, allowing them to translate their military skills 
into academic and civilian roles to lead society, not just be a 
part of it.
    I come to you today in a very privileged position to talk 
about something that is very personal to me--my failures, not 
my victories--because I had the right people that helped me 
just in time to get through here, and like one of our service 
members here, despite having the support I am in $30,000-plus 
of debt and I am not even through graduate school and I plan on 
going to law school after this.
    I am willing to answer any questions that you have about 
these recommendations. Thank you again for the opportunity to 
testify on this important issue.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Adrian Moreno Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you, Mr. Moreno.
    Before we get into questions I just got to tell you we are 
different. We are different. Brown, Luba, Schultz, Quackenboss, 
Moreno, me, the rest of the screwballs behind you--we are just 
different, and I think that that makes us unique and we have 
the ability to tell these younger people that have rolled out 
of high school and what the world really looks like, and they 
get to see commitment and they get to get inspired by your 
experiences.
    Nothing is ever going to make you a civilian again and 
there is good and bad with that, but I appreciate it and I will 
get to more of you in question. Thank you for your testimony.
    All of the witnesses' testimonies will be entered into the 
official record. I now recognize Ranking Member Levin for 5 
minutes. Apparently it is 8 minutes today. I do not know what 
is happening.
    Mr. Levin. This is unusual for him.
    Mr. Van Orden. It is crazy.
    Mr. Levin. I want to thank everybody just for their 
exceptionally good testimony. You know, we do hearings all the 
time and everybody was heartfelt and on point and I am very 
grateful for it.
    I want to thank our CVSOs, really, you know, across the 
country. San Diego--they are huge the work that they do. We 
have a bill--I think you know about this--but with Cathy 
McMorris Rodgers, Brad Finstad, and myself called the CVSO Act 
to help provide some funds your way. County VSOs are spread 
thin and we are very grateful for the work you are doing.
    Mr. Schultz, I want to thank you for the comments 
particularly about junior enlisted service members. Back home 
seeing our junior enlisted Marines at Camp Pendleton what they 
are dealing with on a daily basis, you know, we tried--in fact, 
in the National Defense Authorization Act we got a 20 percent 
pay increase for junior enlisted service members and, again, it 
went to the Senate--I am looking at you over there--and, you 
know, unfortunately, we could not get it across the finish line 
and there was actually pushback from the administration saying, 
well, we do not want too much compression between the junior 
enlisted and everybody else.
    You know, what do I say to my junior enlisted Marines who 
can barely make ends meet living in a place like San Diego, 
California? It is just ridiculous.
    I very much appreciate your comments.
    Commander, thank you, and by the way, thank you to the VFW 
again everywhere for all that you are doing. I want to--I am 
going to come back to you but I want to start with the 
students. Both of you spoke so articulately and you offered 
some good suggestions.
    My question for you is if you were in our shoes and you 
could make changes--legal changes--to the way TAP works what 
would you do if you were in our shoes, if you had that 
opportunity? I will start with you, since you are going to law 
school.
    Mr. Moreno. Let us hope I make it, huh?
    Mr. Van Orden. Oh, you are going to make it. You are going 
to make it.
    Mr. Moreno. I personally did not even know about TAP going 
in. I did not know, frankly, about anything. It was more just 
like Ms. Brown says, hey, congrats. You are out. Take advantage 
of the opportunity. You know, beat it.
    I personally would--you know, I agree with the death by 
PowerPoint. The courses just, frankly, do not do much outside 
of I checked that box--let me get out of here because clearly 
they want me out of here.
    On campus for these freshmen they make them go to mandatory 
Eagle fest, student involvement, and even though most of them 
do not care some of them do. They get the opportunity to at 
least see this stuff in front of them.
    They get to see it in action. They get to see people just 
as enthused as them about the opportunity to go to school and 
if they do not know it is fine because most people do not, 
frankly, know what they want to do for the rest of their lives 
by the time they are 20 anyways.
    This should not be an obstacle to success and I feel as 
though a first-year course that assists these freshmen greatly 
and at least ensuring that they are not going way off course 
while trying to achieve academic goals would definitely help a 
lot more.
    Making it a mandatory thing for first-years. I just know 
that making the veterans office in--on campuses easier to find 
would be helpful as well. It always feels like a scavenger hunt 
trying to find wherever a VA is.
    Mr. Levin. Great suggestions. I will ask you the same 
question.
    Ms. Brown. Honestly, I think that the TAP program it has 
the correct intentions but how it manifests is not there.
    I think instead of it being a week-long course that it 
needs to be expanded so you can actually go in depth and make 
sure that everyone that is going through the program actually 
understands what is being presented to them because, you know, 
death by PowerPoint they are just like, okay, here in speed 
talk for about 15 to 20 minutes and then they are, like, okay, 
see you. Bye.
    It is not beneficial for everyone. We are just--it goes in 
one ear and completely out the other side. I think it would 
greatly benefit from being lengthened. You know, by that time 
most commands are like, okay, well, you know, we know you are 
on the out. You need to do this class. We think it should be 
longer and they are already preparing to essentially replace 
you anyways. So----
    Mr. Levin. We are--so Jodey Arrington, who is a good friend 
from Texas--he is now chairman of the Budget Committee--he and 
I passed a bill that is now law for this off-base transition 
pilot and the idea is to try to do some of what you are saying.
    We have not really seen the results and, frankly, our 
friends are still here from VA--it took, like, 3 years to get 
the thing going. We have had--that sometimes happens, too. We 
will pass a law and then we will say, okay, now we--you know, 
now we are good and then it takes 3 years for them--two, three, 
four--just to get the thing running.
    There are some things happening. I just really want to 
thank you both, and I will end with you, Commander.
    I guess what are you hearing from your new members
    --you know, your new transitioning service members, you 
know, who are, you know, in my experience looking to serve in a 
different capacity, looking to just figure it out. What are you 
hearing?
    Ms. Luba. That is kind of the problem with the VFW. Now, we 
are trying to reshift our image. It used to be a good old boys 
club and it was all the men that would go to the bar and hang 
out with their friends, and really what we are trying to do now 
is we are trying to shift it.
    I would say Dustin and I are the youngest members there by 
30 years. No offense if any of them are listening to me but it 
is true. No, you are there--you are there.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Levin. I am right here. I am literally sitting in front 
of you.
    Ms. Luba. The thing is we are trying to shift that. One 
thing that I have worked with Dustin is reintegrating our 
scholarship program and so we get them out to Viterbo, to TC, 
and to UW Well and we try to get veterans that are qualified 
for the VFW with their DD-214s if they submit a letter, and it 
can be on any topic, really. We do not really pick it but we 
want to know why this would be beneficial. That is how we got 
Dustin in the VFW is he did the scholarship and he has been 
stuck ever since and he cannot leave now.
    You know, the other things that we try to do is we try to 
get out into the community a little bit more. I try to make 
sure that I try to be at as many things as I can because I am 
younger by 30 years. Somebody will see me there and they will 
see a woman that is commander because the VFW was not always 
the most kind to females especially.
    In the State of Wisconsin we started a female committee--a 
female veteran committee that we are trying to work with all 
the VFWs to get questions out there. Do you feel welcomed at 
your VFW? Do you feel like you are heard at your VFW? Then from 
there we just keep pushing forward.
    Mr. Levin. Well, I am out of time but I commend you for 
doing that. I encourage you all, you know, think of creative 
ideas and suggestions for us.
    I know you have a very receptive Member of Congress right 
here and, you know, we need your ideas. We need your input, and 
I am just grateful to you all for your service and for your 
testimony today. This was outstanding.
    Thank you.
    Mr. Van Orden. Does the gentleman yield?
    Mr. Levin. I do.
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman yields.
    The chair now recognizes Hon. Glenn Grothman from the great 
State of Wisconsin for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Grothman. A couple questions. I have an idea of doing 
something.
    I get around to a lot of the employers in my district, 
particularly the manufacturers. They almost routinely tell me 
that we have too many people getting 4-year degrees out there 
and they are not getting a lot of value out of them.
    Do you think it would be beneficial to give veterans an 
option when they leave the service, and some people could take 
the GI Bill and other people could take, you know, just, say, a 
down payment on a house which would help you in another part of 
your life, given that I think it is almost universally 
acknowledged among people we probably have too many 4-year 
degrees out there today?
    Mr. Moreno. While I am not in a position to be buying a 
house anytime soon, I found that my struggle often was off 
campus, if this helps.
    Most of the time when I was not able to show up for class 
or I was not able to complete work was that, to be frank, sir, 
most employers are a little discouraged and when they see 
National Guard even at the--you are still serving they are a 
bit less inclined, at least outwardly, to--or inwardly, I am 
sorry--to hire because now they have to accommodate for you 
being out at drill.
    I do not say this as a suspicion. I say this because I know 
and been told this by an employer that picked me up. Like, I 
kind of was a little nervous about hiring you at first because 
of this and this and this and that.
    I do not know if the issue is a lack of funding because I 
always hear about so many programs that the program--that are 
out there it is just what do you do when you get out.
    Mr. Grothman. Well, you see my point. I mean, right now--I 
will say we do not talk veterans for 1 second
    --in society as a whole I again and again hear from 
employers that they wish they had people get a skill than get a 
4-year marketing degree or something and I thought about that 
with regard to the veterans. I mean, the GI Bill has been a 
long time. We should never get rid of the GI Bill.
    I wondered if, you know, perhaps there are veterans out 
there who would be better off with a cash stipend that they can 
use to help them in life rather than a 4-year degree when we at 
least, according to the employers in my district, we probably 
have more than enough of.
    You do not have an opinion on that. Your mind is a blank.
    Ms. Luba. A benefit to the Air Force is while you are in 
you can get your CCAF, your Community College of the Air Force 
degree. It is a 2-year degree that comes through your training.
    I have obtained that but, again, when you are a young 
airman or a young enlisted you are told to take those education 
benefits and go with them. That is--the number-one perk that 
the military uses as recruiting is your college is paid for.
    I think trying to change the mindset in a young adult 
thinking that, you know, your push toward education, trying to 
change it more into a skill, I think that is happening. Like, 
TC does that with their 2-year degree, you know, and that is 
more hands-on based and it is not a 4-year degree, but that 
still would be paid for by their GI Bill. It is still 
beneficial.
    Mr. Grothman. Correct.
    Yes, Ms. Brown.
    Ms. Brown. I do believe Mr. Van Orden would have a better 
understanding on how the Navy works, obviously. The Navy does 
not like to actually give us any type of degrees.
    We will maybe get a couple semester credits and that is 
about it. Whereas, you know, my job in the Navy I was a hull 
maintenance technician. I was a welder and plumber.
    I do not even have--you know, with my almost 9 years of 
experience I do not even have a full degree just even for 
welding or even qualify for a journeyman unless I actually go 
through and manually log every single hour I have done through 
a MAPS program.
    If we could actually change it so those schools would 
actually give us an actual degree we would have more technical 
diplomas and more skilled trades out in the world.
    Most of us that want to go into jobs that are well paying 
we do not have access to that and we would have to go through 
school just to get those qualifications we already have and a 
lot of us consider it a complete waste of time. Thank you.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. I will make one other comment. You 
talked about a stigma. Usually when I associate veterans 
looking for a job it is uniformly a positive, okay. I have 
hired veterans in my office. I can tell you it jumps off the 
page if you are a veteran.
    I am not sure I would spend a lot of time talking about a 
stigma because if there is a stigma it has got to be a tiny 
segment of the population that has a stigma on hiring veterans.
    I think everybody that I know would consider a person who 
is a veteran it is a positive in hiring them and just
    --that is just a little comment.
    I guess I am over my time. Thank you for giving me an extra 
12 seconds.
    Mr. Van Orden. Does the gentleman yield?
    Mr. Grothman. I yield.
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman yields back.
    Mr. Moreno was referring to being a National Guardsman 
where you have to--you are continuing working. You are correct.
    Oh, sorry, the chair now recognizes himself for 5 minutes.
    Right. Glenn, that is what he was talking about. As opposed 
to being like a straight up veteran I am no longer serving I am 
now still in the National Guard and at some point, you are 
going to have to go do drill and then deploy. I got you. Check.
    Mr. Quackenboss, Mr. Honeycutt was here and he said that 
you guys have pretty good communications. Is that, in fact, a 
true statement from their perspective, sir? It is?
    Mr. Quackenboss. That is absolutely a good statement.
    Mr. Van Orden. Okay.
    Mr. Quackenboss. Monthly we sit in our meetings together. 
Not only that but we also have been stepping into more of the 
case management as well where VA will ask community members 
like CVSOs what cases do you want to bring forward--what is 
going on in your area.
    I sat in on a couple of those even just last week that were 
absolutely fantastic, just going through the names of veterans 
who--in our community who needed assistance or who had applied 
for something--there was an issue.
    Well, how can VA help? Who do we need to get in contact 
with who would help them? Being able to sit in on those, being 
a community member, being a CVSO, and being able to touch each 
of those veterans in those ways and being able to move forward 
and say, hey, we were able to get in touch with VA. VA is going 
to reach out to you. That is the best part.
    Mr. Van Orden. Roger that. Okay. Why that is so important 
is Trempealeau County is on the opposite side of the State of 
Milwaukee. To bring that up to you, Mike, that is an excellent 
thing to hear.
    Mr. Schultz, you nailed it. There is a massive disparity 
between the officer and enlisted ranks. There simply are. Mike 
said this. It was actually, I think, 23 percent increase that 
we had written into the--our bill from the House.
    Then the administration--the current administration--did 
not want to do that, which, to me, is fantastically stupid, and 
then it did not get through the Senate. Sorry, if we could talk 
to Tammy about that I would appreciate that.
    Right now how many QuikTrips are within a mile radius here? 
The answer is 50, right. You can go to a QuikTrip right now as 
a 17-year-old, sign up for QuikTrip. You are going to get paid 
more, your benefits are going to be equal, and you do not have 
to leave your family and no one is shooting at you unless you 
are getting robbed.
    Okay. Compare that to a junior enlisted person in the 
military and it is not right.
    I was part of a task force. We are trying to fix this. That 
is where it came out of. We have got a lot of really very 
serious veterans who have walked this walk in Congress or like 
Mr. Garcia from California 25 he was an officer but he gets it 
because he is connected with his enlisted folks and he sees 
that we struggled.
    My wife and I were using WIC. You guys know what that is--
Women, Infants and Children--to buy milk for our kids when I am 
getting shot at overseas fighting al-Qaeda. That is not okay.
    Thank you for pointing that out.
    Ms. Luba, we are working on it--oh, sorry, Commander. We 
want people to have a better understanding of what they are 
trying to enter into in a second career and the problem is the 
Department of Defense.
    That is--I was referencing that directly in my opening 
statement. The Department of Defense is the problem, and they 
think that if we set up a smooth transition and a good off ramp 
for active duty military people that people are going to get 
out of the military and that has been proven wrong by my fellow 
Navy SEALs.
    Naval Special Warfare started this transition assistance--
the TAP program--and it is a 24-month thing that starts 2 years 
before you are getting out of the service, to address Ms. 
Brown's concern, and there was no increase of Navy SEALs 
getting out of the military because they had an understanding 
of what they are going to do when they got out.
    That is a fallacy and it is wrong, and I have spoken 
directly to the secretary via letter. I will say it again right 
now. If you are Lloyd Austin--Secretary Austin, if you are 
listening, your people are not doing what is right for our 
service members because eventually they are going to become 
veterans, and I was looking into the camera on purpose. There 
you are.
    Ms. Brown, you have shown incredible courage today and I 
see how stressful this is to get up here and I am telling you 
the old crusty, salty senior chief that probably uses 
inappropriate language too often is telling you I am proud of 
you.
    There is no way in hell you should ever have to go to a 
chief outside your division to advocate for you and that is the 
problem I am talking about. Okay.
    I was a command career counselor for two different commands 
and I told every one of my guys, all my frogmen, if you are 
thinking about getting out of the military I am the only person 
you are going to tell.
    Do not tell anybody, and I helped set them up, get 
everything aligned for them. Guess what? I had a 100 percent 
retention rate because I showed those people I actually cared 
about them wearing the uniform and not.
    We have to get over this culture of you are a piece of 
trash when you no longer can be in the service. There is a man 
sitting behind you who is a National Guardsman for the 
Minnesota National Guard that when he got out they just threw 
him out like he is garbage. Served his country and his unit. He 
is no longer welcome. Door is closed. Am I paraphrasing--that 
is accurate, sir?
    Okay, so check me out. That is not okay. You go into my 
office all the service seals are on the wall. You know what is 
the far right, right there? You know what that is? It is the 
Wisconsin National Guard. I hold them at the same level of 
reverence that I do all of our active duty servicemen and 
women.
    There is 50 Pennsylvania National Guardsmen that are 
directly responsible for me being alive today because they 
protected me and my platoon in Iraq. I know half the room 
wished they were not there but the other half does.
    Our National Guardsmen and women are doing the job and we 
have introduced bills together to make sure that we get parity 
in educational benefits and many things across the board 
because we respect your service tremendously.
    I am sorry that you were treated that way, sir, in 
Minnesota. At least you are now on the right side of the river. 
That is all I am going to say.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Van Orden. Mr. Moreno, it is an excellent idea but it 
is too late. By the time a student enrolls in a college it is 
too late because you are going to run into what the commander 
is talking about here.
    They are going to get involved in a program. They are going 
to think it is what they want to do. They are going to get 6 
months or a year into it and then they have blown a year of 
their GI Bill.
    That is why the Department of Defense has to get off their 
ass and realize that we are here for the full life cycle of the 
sailor, Marine, soldier, airmen. That is from the time you join 
the military to the time you are done and past that. That is a 
life cycle.
    What I would like to do is incorporate, because what you 
are talking about is very smart, but take the actual programs 
from the universities that our young servicemen and women are 
going to go to and inject that into the cycle when they are 
still active duty because then by the time they show up they 
are going to go through the rest of the matriculation process 
at the college but they have an 80 percent chance of getting 
the right degree to begin with.
    Here is the--here is the problem that we are working at. 
Ms. Brown, this will--this speaks directly to you because that 
has not changed since I was in the Navy and, you know, ships 
were made of wood and men were steel. Now--that is an old Navy 
joke because I am an old Navy guy. Has not changed and this is 
why.
    Naval officers and Army officers--our officer corps--is not 
held accountable. They are not held accountable for their 
troops or their sailors or their airmen for not going through 
these programs. They are not held accountable for the follow-
on. They are just not.
    I have proposed, and I have spoken to some of my other 
Democrat colleagues, making this a block on a Fitness Report 
(FITREP). That is what they call it in the Navy--it is a 
Officer Evaluation Report (OER) in the Army--and it 
specifically states how many of their troops have not gone 
through this program, and they get docked and they do not get 
promoted and that is the only way this is going to change is 
holding our officer corps accountable for not taking care of 
their sailors.
    That is it. That is the real answer. Skip to the end. Mr. 
Grothman, do you have any more questions you would like to ask?
    Mr. Grothman. No. I would just say you put together a 
great----
    Mr. Van Orden. Well, I will get to you then. I just want to 
make sure you did not want to do a second panel, and we will do 
closing statements.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. No.
    Mr. Van Orden. Do you have any more?
    Mr. Levin. No, sir.
    Mr. Van Orden. Okay. With that, I would like to recognize 
the ranking member for any closing statement he would like to 
make.
    Mr. Levin. Well, I want to thank the chairman for his 
leadership on our committee this Congress, and as has been said 
for a freshmen he knows an awful lot and he is very dedicated 
and passionate about serving you all and I hope you know that.
    I can tell you it is my great honor to get to serve on this 
committee as well. When I got to Congress I did not know it 
would be the most rewarding work that I did but it is by a lot.
    We actually--despite maybe some of the delays we actually 
see the fruit of our labor a lot quicker and a lot more 
directly than you see, again, in virtually any other committee 
in the Congress and I hope it will always stay that way.
    You know, we have an opportunity here. We are getting very 
close to the election. It is silly season, right, in political 
speak, and it gets harder and harder to get things done in 
Washington before an election.
    Whether it is before the election or before the end of the 
year in what they call the lame duck session we have, I 
believe, a moral obligation to get a veterans package done for 
this Congress and I have got a couple bills in there including 
the CVSO Act, including the Get Rewarding Outdoor Work for our 
Veterans (GROW) Act, which is a bill that will hopefully get 
lots and lots of veterans employed at the Department of 
Interior in conservation jobs across the country. That is 
something that is very important to me as well.
    We have got to get it done. We have got to work together 
and I thank the chairman and I thank Representative Grothman 
for their work in this regard.
    I yield back.
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman yields back.
    The chair now recognizes Hon. Glenn Grothman for any 
closing statement he may wish to make.
    Mr. Grothman. I would just like to thank you for putting 
together these great panels. I think we learned a lot today.
    I think we learned there is some more questions we want to 
have answered in the future, particularly with regard to the 
cause or what we can do about suicide.
    You know, one more time I learned a little bit more about 
the veterans' situation from Congressman Van Orden and, again, 
I would like to thank all you folks for taking time out of your 
busy days to come down here and educate us a little bit.
    Mr. Van Orden. The gentleman yields back.
    Well, thank you very much, everybody, for coming. I got to 
tell you I hope everybody noticed a couple things that happened 
today that you are never going to see in the press.
    You are never going to see members of the veterans 
community writ large openly praising the Veterans Affairs 
Administration. You just do not see that.
    They are the easiest can to kick around, and I want you to 
understand that there are a tremendous amount of professionals 
at the VA that are trying very, very hard to get things done 
and you saw that witnessed today, which is fantastic.
    From the health care side of the VA I get all my healthcare 
through the VA, including these awesome glasses.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Van Orden. I get seen here in La Crosse and at Tomah 
and I am very, very proud of them. Is anybody here from the 
health side today? Okay. Thank you, ma'am. Oh, hey, what is up?
    Listen, I am very, very proud of them and people need to 
understand that, that there are--the Veterans Administration 
there is a lot of people that are trying to do what is best.
    Unfortunately, the higher you get up the more convoluted it 
gets and people start protecting institutional equities and not 
the veterans. That does not happen here in La Crosse and it 
does not happen over in Tomah either for whatever you have 
heard.
    I just want to be crystal clear that I am exceptionally 
proud of our people that work at the VA in particular in the 
health care side because, I mean, look at me. Spring chicken 
right here.
    You guys are a key component, especially our VSOs and our 
CVSOs. We have to be able to sit across the table and if that 
has to be at the bar across the street or if it is an office in 
a county building, and look each other in the eye because then 
we are going to know if something is okay or something is 
wrong.
    Every single person here that has managed a single troop 
can look at a sailor or a soldier, an airman or a Marine in the 
eye for a millisecond and go, hey, dude or gal, sit down, get a 
cup of coffee and tell me what is going on.
    Without a direct connection from the VFW, from the American 
Legion, Disabled Veterans of America, and all these groups, and 
without our CVSOs we are going to keep having a problem with 
our veterans committing suicide because they are disconnected.
    I want you to walk away, and I kind of thought we are going 
to yell at people because I am good at that--I want you to walk 
away today understanding that there are people in the Federal 
Government that are trying to help and I also want you to walk 
away with the complete understanding that we know that we fall 
short a lot and we recognize that.
    With that said, I want to thank Ranking Member Levin for 
coming out from the great State of California. I want to thank 
Congressman Grothman from coming out from the even greater 
State of Wisconsin and for everybody here that has come out.
    With that--sorry, I have to say some more magic words. Here 
they are.
    I ask unanimous consent that all members may have five 
legislative days to revise and extend their remarks and include 
extraneous materials. Without objection so ordered.
    This hearing is now adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 11:48 a.m., the subcommittee was adjourned.]

      
      
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                         A  P  P  E  N  D  I  X

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                    Prepared Statements of Witnesses

                              ----------                              


                 Prepared Statement of Duane Honeycutt

    Chairman Van Orden, Ranking Member Levin, and distinguished members 
of the Subcommittee, I appreciate the opportunity to appear before you 
today to discuss the transitioning Service members' experience with the 
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the services and benefits 
available to them. Accompanying me today is Melissa Cohen, Executive 
Director, Outreach, Transition, and Economic Development, and Nick 
Pamperin, Executive Director, Veteran Readiness and Employment (VR&E) 
Service. I want to express my appreciation for your continued support 
of the Nation's Veterans, their families, caregivers, and survivors. 
Within VA, our focus is on increasing transparency, improving 
collaboration, and keeping Veterans at the center of everything we do.

Transition Support

Transition Assistance Program

    Established in 1991, the Transition Assistance Program (TAP) is an 
interagency effort designed to help more than 200,000 transitioning 
Service members annually. Through TAP, VA partners with the Departments 
of Defense (DoD), Education, Homeland Security, and Labor, the Small 
Business Administration, and the Office of Personnel Management. 
Together, we help to equip Service members with the tools they need to 
succeed in civilian life and connect them to the benefits and services 
they have earned and deserve. In partnership, we take a comprehensive 
approach to care, ensuring that TAP is a tailored program that evolves 
with the changing needs of the transitioning Service members.
    As part of TAP, VA works to inform transitioning Service members of 
the education and training benefits available to them. Specifically for 
the VR&E benefit, Module 4 (titled ``Getting Career Ready''), presented 
during the mandatory VA Benefits and Services course, provides a 
comprehensive overview of VR&E and education benefits, and discusses 
how to apply for VR&E services online, by mail, and in person.
    Further, the VA Education Benefits Military Life Cycle (MLC) module 
enables VA to connect with Service members well before transition so 
they can gain an early understanding of their benefits and plan for 
their futures. This module also overviews VA education benefits and the 
VR&E Program. The Online Resource Guide provides VA.gov links to apply 
for VR&E directly.
    VA Benefits and Services course and the VA Education Benefits MLC 
Module also provide information about the GI Bill Comparison Tool. This 
tool enables Service members to research approved schools and 
employers. Moreover, during the VA Benefits and Services course, 
Benefits Advisors discuss the importance of using the GI Bill 
Comparison Tool to locate institutions that accept the GI Bill, compare 
the benefits of chosen institutions, and learn which Veterans programs 
are available at their selected institutions.
    During DoD Capstone, a mandatory component of the TAP process, a 
commander or commander's designee verifies that the transitioning 
Service member has met TAP Career Readiness Standards, has a viable 
Individual Transition Plan (ITP), and is prepared to transition to 
civilian life. During this process, Benefits Advisors are available to 
support individual Service members who have questions or need 
assistance with VA education benefits. Benefits Advisors assist with 
connecting Service members with VA's Personalized Career and Planning 
Guidance (PCPG) Program and VR&E, and with researching available 
Veteran programs on the campus the member plans to attend.
    VA TAP also provides one-on-one sessions with a Benefits Advisor, 
offering Service members individualized assistance. One-on-one 
assistance sessions are based on the individual's needs and are driven 
by the information covered during the VA Benefits and Services course. 
The typical discussion topics include housing insecurity, education 
benefits, and disability compensation. In Fiscal Year (FY) 2023, VA 
conducted more than 53,000 one-on-one sessions, with more than 43 
percent (22,800+ Service members) of those sessions including 
discussions on education and training program benefits. More than 14 
percent (7,400+ Service members) of these sessions also discussed VR&E 
services.

VA Solid Start

    The VA Solid Start (VASS) Program launched on December 2, 2019, as 
part of the Military to Civilian Readiness Pathway, to make early, 
consistent, and caring contact with newly separated Veterans. With the 
signing of VASS law (P.L 117-205) on October 17, 2022, VA is 
permanently authorized to expand VASS with DoD coordination. VASS calls 
all eligible Veterans at three key stages (90-, 180-, and 365 days 
post-separation) during their first year after separation from active 
duty. Using data provided by DoD, VASS provides priority contact to 
Veterans, meeting certain mental health risk factors, supporting 
continuity of care, and lowering any barriers to access to mental 
health care treatment and support through VA. VASS representatives 
address challenges the Veteran may be facing at the time of the call by 
connecting the Veteran with the appropriate benefits or resources for 
assistance. These representatives receive special training to recognize 
the signs of crisis and, when needed, can provide a direct transfer to 
the Veterans Crisis Line for additional support.
    VASS agents have the necessary access, information, and training to 
support to recently separated Service members with VR&E-related issues 
and concerns. When appropriate, based on the Veteran's specific 
situation at the time of the VASS engagement, VASS agents will discuss 
the possible availability of VR&E benefits to assist with the issue or 
concern raised by the Veteran. In calendar year (CY) 2023, VASS 
provided information on VR&E over 62,500 times.
    From the program launch in December 2019 through July 2024, VASS 
has successfully connected with 501,640 (73.7 percent) recently 
separated Veterans, helping them connect with the benefits and services 
they have earned. For example, in CY 2023, of Veterans who had a 
successful VASS connection, 1.13 percent applied for VR&E benefits, 
60.24 percent applied for Education benefits, and 0.05 percent applied 
for PCPG benefits. Veterans who did not have a successful connection 
with VASS had utilization rates of 0.43 percent, 32.56 percent, and 
0.03 percent, respectively. Additionally, in July 2023, VASS launched a 
VSignals survey to assess Veteran satisfaction with the VASS program 
and since the launch, VASS-eligible Veterans evaluated their 
satisfaction with the VASS program as 4.5 on a 5-point Likert scale.

Personalized Career Planning and Guidance (PCPG) Program

    The PCPG Program, also known as Chapter 36 services, fulfills 38 
U.S.C. Sec.  3697A requirements by supporting transitioning Service 
members, Veterans, and qualified dependents. PCPG services are designed 
to provide participants with personalized counseling and support to 
help guide career paths, ensure the most effective use of VA benefits, 
and achieve educational and career goals.
    The PCPG Program provides career and education counseling to 
transitioning Service members within 6 months of leaving the military, 
Veterans who have left the military within the past 12 months, or at 
any time to individuals eligible to use a VA education benefit. PCPG 
career and education counseling services include resume support, 
education and employment planning, detailed skills assessment, a 
personalized action plan to achieve education and career goals, 
adjustment counseling to transition to civilian employment 
successfully, and a direct connection to VA benefits and services. For 
Fiscal Year 2024 through July 2024, PCPG received 7,308 applications 
requesting PCPG services. Since Fiscal Year 2022, PCPG has seen an 
increase in applications received. In Fiscal Year 2022, it was 6,665 
applications received and in Fiscal Year 2023, PCPG received 7,714 
applications for services.

Milwaukee Regional Office Outreach to Transitioning Service members

    The Milwaukee Regional Office (RO) maintains a strong outreach 
presence across the Wisconsin, including transitioning Service members. 
During FY 2023, the RO participated in 14 Reserve and Guard outreach 
events and six to date in Fiscal Year 2024, assisting Veterans and 
transitioning Service members at events such as resource fairs and 
Yellow Ribbon Programs throughout the State. Specific to the La Crosse 
area, the Milwaukee RO has participated in the La Crosse Veterans 
Bonanza event, hailed as the ``largest Veteran event in the tri-State 
area,'' for the past 2 years, and which is typically held the first 
weekend in November. Last year, the Milwaukee RO reached approximately 
300 individuals at the event, providing information and assistance on 
VA benefits and services. In Fiscal Year 2024, the Milwaukee RO active-
duty outreach has resulted in over 3,000 direct engagements with 
Veterans.

Veteran Readiness and Employment (VR&E) Program Overview

    The VR&E Program's mission is to assist Service members and 
Veterans with a service-connected disability that limits their ability 
to work or prevents them from working to prepare for, find, and 
maintain suitable careers or maintain a life of independence. VR&E 
achieves this mission by providing Veterans with hands-on counseling 
services to ensure Veteran's goals are not only achievable but 
attained. VR&E employs nearly 1,000 professional vocational 
rehabilitation counselors (VRC) and delivers services through a network 
of almost 350 office locations. Our service delivery model works to 
support Veterans where they are located and includes operations at all 
56 ROs, approximately 142 out-based sites, 70 Integrated Disability 
Evaluation System (IDES) installations, and 104 VetSuccess on Campus 
(VSOC) schools/campuses.
    The Milwaukee VR&E division continues to demonstrate strong 
performance in support of Veterans, encouraging and counseling them 
toward continued education and career goals. There are VR&E out-based 
offices in Wisconsin (Eau Claire, Green Bay, and Madison), and a VSOC 
Program at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
    The Milwaukee RO regularly provides training and monthly briefings 
to county Veterans Service Officers and Veterans Service Organization 
partners about all aspects of RO operations, including VR&E. For Fiscal 
Year 2024, as of July 16, 2024, there have been over 861 VR&E 
applicants with 159 positive outcomes and 135 employment 
rehabilitations for Veterans in Wisconsin. Positive outcomes indicate 
successful program completion.

VR&E Benefits

    VR&E benefits are available for Veterans who received an honorable 
or other than dishonorable discharge, have a VA service-connected 
disability rating of at least 10 percent or more, and apply for 
services. After eligibility is found, entitlement must be determined 
and is based on the establishment that barriers to employment exist 
resulting from a service-connected disability. For those rated at 10 
percent, barriers of a more severe nature must be established.
    Active-duty Service members are eligible for the VR&E Program if 
they expect to receive an honorable discharge upon separation from 
active duty, apply for VR&E services, and have a proposed IDES rating 
from VA. Section 1631 of P.L. 110-181 authorized VR&E eligibility and 
automatic entitlement for Service members with a severe injury or 
illness before a VA rating is issued. Section 126 of P.L. 115-251 made 
this authority permanent on September 29, 2018. From October 2023 
through June 2024, 11,612 Service members have a plan of VR&E service 
through the VR&E IDES Program. Of these, 9,318 have separated from the 
military and are currently using their VR&E benefits, while 2,294 
remain in service and are at various stages in the VR&E Program. This 
participation allows Service members to identify their career goals and 
established a plan of VR&E service upon transitioning from the 
military.
    Additionally, in Fiscal Year 2024, 4,664 Service members began 
receiving services through IDES but discontinued the VR&E program, 
while 850 completed their rehabilitation through the VR&E IDES program. 
In total, 17,126 Service members received or continue to receive VR&E 
services through IDES in 2024.
    During Fiscal Year 2023, VR&E provided services to 132,687 Veterans 
and Service members, as well as achieved 17,135 positive outcomes for 
Veterans and paid over $1.6 billion in benefits. As of June 30, 2024, 
VR&E currently has 158,897 Veteran participants with 93,661 enrolled in 
Long-Term Services. This is a significant increase of 20 percent since 
the August 2022 implementation of the Sergeant First Class Heath 
Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) 
Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-168). Approximately 12 percent of our current 
participants have toxic exposure related disabilities, and this is 
expected to increase over the next few years. VBA continues to utilize 
the multi-year Toxic Exposures Fund appropriations to reduce claims 
inventory and restore pre-pandemic timeliness. VBA's aggressive hiring 
initiatives resulted in an increase of more than 18 percent in Fiscal 
Year 2023 allowing VBA to significantly increase claims processing 
capacity. VBA also continues to work closely with military archivists 
to obtain access to records at the National Archives and Records 
Administration and at their branch archival facilities to support claim 
research and is adding additional staff to accelerate research requests 
with military partners.
    The need for VR&E services has increased in recent years. When 
comparing Fiscal Year 2022 to Fiscal Year 2023, there was a 29.8 
percent growth in applications and a 27 percent increase in Veterans 
entering benefits plans. In Fiscal Year 2024, VR&E is expecting an 
additional 23 percent increase in Veteran applications and an 
additional 5 percent growth in separating Service members. Year over 
year, the number of eligible applicants processed in Milwaukee has been 
increasing. For example, last calendar year, from January to June 2023, 
the local division received 815 eligible applications. During the same 
time in 2024, the Milwaukee local division received 861 eligible 
applications. As of June 30, 2024, there are 1,339 Veterans 
participating in the VR&E Program in Wisconsin.
    The VR&E Division continues its active involvement with the 
Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development. In addition to assisting 
Veterans who are ``actively seeking employment,'' the Milwaukee RO 
collaborates with Federal, State, county, and city partners. In Fiscal 
Year 2024, as of July 31, 2024, the RO assisted Veterans with job 
placement into 20 Federal, three State, three county, and six city 
positions. Recognition of outstanding VR&E counselors from the 
Milwaukee RO has been received from Veterans describing exceptional and 
responsive services and kind care to assist them with training and 
education in new career paths. As one Veteran stated, his VR&E 
counselor motivated and pushed him to do better than he believed he 
could. He completed his degree and began a new career in construction 
safety management. He stated his VR&E counselor provided him dignity 
and direction for a positive future.

VetSuccess on Campus

    The VSOC Program is designed to help student Veterans succeed and 
thrive through a coordinated delivery of on-campus benefits assistance 
and counseling. The goal is to ensure that student Veterans complete 
their education with the preparation necessary to enter the labor 
market into viable careers. The VSOC Program offers various benefits to 
eligible individuals including adjustment counseling, vocational 
testing, educational and career counseling, and VA benefits coaching. 
However, VSOC counselors will try to assist all student Veterans, 
Service members, and Veteran dependents by referring them to other 
resources and helping them register for healthcare services, regardless 
of VA benefit eligibility, utilization, or enrollment status. In Fiscal 
Year 2023, VSOC counselors had 20,043 contacts with Veterans, Service 
members, and Veterans' dependents nationwide. From the beginning of 
Fiscal Year 2024 until July 1, 2024, VSOC counselors have had 15,412 
contacts with Veterans, Service members, and dependents nationwide.
    Another component of the VSOC Program is the outreach efforts to 
connect student Veterans with information about training and employment 
services available under Chapter 31. VSOC counselors present 
information about VR&E and other VA services at all new student 
orientations on VSOC campuses, and other events where student Veterans 
may be present. Career fairs, resume workshops, and student 
organization meetings are examples of other outreach events a VSOC 
counselor may host or attend. VSOC counselors are the ``face of VA'' 
and make referrals to other VA and non-VA services, such as VA health 
care, disability services, financial aid, debt management, and peer 
mentoring programs.
    VSOC counselors are vital to ensuring that the student Veterans can 
effectively use their earned benefits to attend school and receive the 
most value out of their entitlement. A VSOC counselor on campus 
strengthens VA's partnership with the school. It improves VA's 
opportunity to provide outreach and transition services during a 
student Veteran's or Service member's transition from the military to 
college life. VRCs and VSOC counselors are also available to assist 
dependents using VA benefits.
    The Milwaukee VR&E division has an ongoing presence at the 
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee campus through the VSOC Program. The 
VSOC counselor has assisted over 166 students in Fiscal Year 2023 
through June 2024.

Veteran Employment

    VA recognizes that there are more needs to be met in the employment 
space to ensure that Veterans are ready to enter the labor market upon 
completion of the VR&E Program as well as receive all the assistance 
necessary to obtain suitable employment. To support this identified 
need, VA works with the Department of Labor Veterans' Employment and 
Training Service for more time sensitive, local labor market and job 
referral expertise for Veterans enrolled in the VR&E program. In June, 
VA embarked on an employment pilot for VR&E focused on standardizing 
training and improving the consistency of the employment coordinator 
(EC) function. The pilot consists of a total of eight ROs (two per 
district). The EC position is critical in assisting Veterans achieve 
suitable employment. In Fiscal Year 2023, with the assistance of the 
nationally located ECs, VR&E achieved 17,134 positive outcomes and 
10,686 employment outcomes. At the Milwaukee RO, ECs assisted in 
achieving a positive outcome for 170 Veterans in Fiscal Year 2023, of 
which 126 of those received an employment outcome. This pilot will 
leverage labor market expertise to focus on education and training 
Veterans for in-demand jobs; expanding specialized partnerships with 
employers through the increased utilization of non-paid work experience 
(NPWE); on-the-job training (OJT); apprenticeships; and special 
employer incentives (SEI). Introducing this consistency in the use of 
ECs is designed to improve customer service, business partnerships, and 
consultative services between VR&E staff, resulting in the development 
of more well-supported rehabilitation plans and increased employment 
outcomes. It is anticipated the pilot will run for 7 months. At the 
conclusion of the pilot, VA expects that Veterans will have improved 
access to NPWE, OJT, apprenticeship, and SEI opportunities.

VR&E Longitudinal Study Report 2023

    The Longitudinal Study, required by 38 U.S.C. Sec.  3122, follows 
three cohorts of former participants over a 20-year period and details 
the current employment metrics of individuals who complete the program. 
The primary goal of the Longitudinal Study is to determine the long-
term outcomes in four major areas: employment, income, home ownership, 
and use of other programs and services. The Longitudinal Study\1\ is 
published annually, and findings suggest stability and better outcomes 
for rehabilitated Veterans compared to Veterans who discontinued their 
VR&E Program, as well as steady improvement of post-program outcomes 
over time. The 2023 Longitudinal Study finds that the median annual 
income of rehabilitated Veterans is $95,000, which is 67 percent higher 
than that of Veterans who did not complete the VR&E program. 
Additionally, rehabilitated Veterans have home ownership rates of 76 
percent, which is 15 percentage points higher than Veterans who do not 
complete the program. VA recognizes that individuals who choose to 
discontinue the program may have characteristics that are distinct from 
those who achieve rehabilitation, limiting the lessons that can be 
learned from the study. Moreover, the VR&E Longitudinal Study lacks a 
comparison group, so it is not possible to attribute any differences in 
Veterans' outcomes to participating in the program.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ VR&E Longitudinal Study--Veteran Readiness and Employment 
(VR&E) (va.gov) (Found at https://www.benefits.va.gov/VOCREHAB/
VRELongitudinalStudy.asp).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
VR&E Staffing, Recruitment, and Retention

    The VR&E Service has placed emphasis on the recruitment and 
retention of staff to ensure the quality delivery of service. In July 
2023, VR&E expanded the qualifying education requirement to be a 
counselor by accepting five additional Master's degrees which have 
duties closely aligned with a counselor's duties. This effort increased 
the number of individuals eligible to deliver VR&E benefits. Since the 
expansion of the degrees accepted, VR&E field staff has grown, and 
recently, VR&E completed new counselor training for 68 new counselors, 
the largest training class in VR&E history.
    Additionally, a new position has been added to support case 
management of Veterans in the Chapter 31 program. The Vocational 
Rehabilitation Specialist position provides direct case management 
services to Veterans, ensures timely payments, addresses academic 
issues, and ensures Veterans have access to professional services.
    VR&E added over 260 new vocational rehabilitation counselors and 
specialist staff to address the dramatic growth in the VR&E Program 
since the passage of the PACT Act. This additional staff reduces the 
ratio of counselors to Veterans to 1:115, ensuring compliance with the 
legislative requirements in section 254 of P.L. 114-223. The additional 
staff will ensure that Veterans in the VR&E Program have access to 
their counselor and the benefits and services they earned and deserve.

Technology to Improve the Veteran Experience

    VR&E is implementing technology improvements to reduce staff 
administrative tasks as well as improve the Veteran experience. VR&E 
modernized its electronic virtual assistant (e-VA) to allow counselors 
to send all letters and forms directly to their clients. Veterans also 
gained the ability to sign and return documents to VA electronically. 
The integration of e-VA with the Veterans Benefits Management System, 
and the integration with Veterans Benefits Administration's Package 
Manager/e-VA streamlines administrative tasks for counselors, freeing 
up an average of 10 hours per week per counselor. This efficiency 
benefits Veterans by allowing counselors to dedicate more time to 
providing personalized support and expediting case processing. Since 
the implementation of e-VA, Veterans are now being placed into plans of 
service, on average, 46 days faster, ensuring quicker access to vital 
resources. Additionally, e-VA facilitates improved communication 
channels between staff and Veterans, enhancing accessibility and 
support beyond traditional means. With the deployment in May 2024, 
these advancements underscore a commitment to enhancing Veterans' 
experiences through efficient, technology-driven solutions.
    The Readiness and Employment System (RES) will replace VR&E's 25-
year-old legacy case management system with a web-based platform that 
integrates over 20 VA systems and data sources to deliver services and 
benefits to veterans more timely and efficiently. The legacy system 
needs many of VA's modernization efforts such as the document 
repository and training facilities data base. RES automates repeatable 
administrative processes, saving staff time interacting with the 
Veterans they serve. The system will automate complex awards 
calculations for more accurate payments to Veterans while providing 
intelligent document handling that eliminates staff needing to 
download, upload, or email individual documents. This new system, 
through technology, will reduce the administrative functions of 
counselors, allowing them to focus on counseling Veterans, including 
creating practical training and independent living plan.

Conclusion

    VA appreciates Congress' continued support in improving our support 
for transitioning Service members and the benefits available to them. 
VA remains committed to increasing transparency and continuing 
collaboration with you and our stakeholders. Mr. Chairman, this 
concludes my statement. My colleagues and I would be happy to answer 
any questions you or other members of the Subcommittee may have.

                                 

                 Prepared Statement of Joe Quackenboss

    As a military veteran, transitioning from active duty to civilian 
life is a journey filled with both challenges and opportunities, 
especially when it comes to navigating the academic landscape. My 
experience transitioning both on and off the school campus has been a 
mix of triumphs and tribulations, but through it all, I've identified 
key areas where support from various entities could significantly 
enhance the process for veterans like myself.
    On campus, one of the biggest hurdles I faced was adjusting to the 
academic environment. Coming from a structured military setting to the 
more independent and sometimes overwhelming nature of college classes 
was a significant shift. Many veterans, myself included, could benefit 
from tailored orientation programs that not only introduce us to 
academic resources but also provide guidance on time management, study 
skills, and access to tutoring services.
    Furthermore, the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) plays a crucial 
role in supporting veterans through educational benefits. While the GI 
Bill offers valuable assistance, the bureaucracy and delays in 
processing claims can be frustrating and discouraging. Streamlining the 
application and disbursement process would alleviate stress and ensure 
that veterans receive their entitled benefits in a timely manner.
    In addition to institutional support, veteran service organizations 
(VSOs) are invaluable resources for veterans transitioning to civilian 
life. These organizations offer a sense of camaraderie, peer support, 
and access to valuable resources such as career counseling, networking 
opportunities, and mental health services. However, greater 
collaboration between VSOs and educational institutions could enhance 
their impact by ensuring that veterans are aware of and connected to 
these vital resources from the moment they step foot on campus.
    Community members also have a role to play in supporting veterans 
during their transition. Employers, for instance, can implement veteran 
hiring initiatives and provide mentorship programs to help veterans 
navigate the civilian job market. Moreover, fostering a culture of 
understanding and appreciation for veterans within the community can 
combat stigma and create a more inclusive environment for 
reintegration.
    In conclusion, the transition from military service to civilian 
life, particularly within the academic setting, is a complex process 
that requires support from multiple stakeholders. By improving access 
to resources, streamlining bureaucratic processes, fostering 
collaboration between institutions and organizations, and cultivating a 
supportive community environment, we can enhance the transition 
experience for veterans and ensure they thrive in their post-service 
endeavors.

                  Prepared Statement of Dustin Schultz

    My name is Dustin Schultz, I am a Veteran Specialist for Western 
Technical College and have been in this position for 3 years. Prior to 
this role, I was a Veteran Service Officer and a nonprofit Director for 
a Veteran Mentorship Program where we worked with our local Veterans 
Treatment Court and justice involved veterans. Last, I am also an 
honorably discharged US Army Veteran and served overseas during 
Operation Iraqi Freedom. I will be providing remarks on the struggles 
I've witnessed as service members transition from the military.
    Current programs like Transition Assistance Program and the Yellow 
Ribbon Reintegration Program (TAP/ YRRP) are great tools for helping 
service members transition into education or employment.

      However, senior leadership are often beyond this stage in 
their life. Officers already have a college degree, and senior 
noncommissioned officers often elect to transfer their education 
benefits to their dependents. Retiring senior leadership may choose not 
to return to the workforce at all.
          This is a disconnect between those providing these 
        preventative services and the lower enlisted service members 
        who do not share the same circumstances.

          From my experience, lower enlisted service members 
        struggle to transition the most.

      Veterans report that timing is a problem for current 
transitional services. They see these programs as a series of ``check 
boxes'' positioned between them and their release from the military.

          This causes participation to be rushed, service 
        members are not honest about what issues they may have to deal 
        with upon their return, or do not foresee the challenges ahead 
        of them.

          Veterans report that these programs are provided at 
        the end of the service members' time in the military and don't 
        allow for much time to consider what challenges may arise in 
        transitioning.

                  I believe there should be efforts to start 
                transitional services much earlier in the service 
                member's career.

      Service members are returning to a home where parents, a 
spouse, or other loved ones have taken on some of their 
responsibilities in their absence.

          They may struggle to find their role in the home 
        leading to relationship issues like divorce and thus 
        compounding emotional, financial, and social hardship.

                  Services could include families who are 
                critical to successful transition and help prevent 
                compounding issues.

      Current services and programs seem to lack follow up 
after leaving the military.

          This can leave the veteran feeling discarded or 
        devalued.

      Coordination with other services or programs

          Thousands of nonprofit organizations that can help.

          Services or support that is not specific to veterans 
        are overlooked. I have had veterans that are not aware that 
        they can apply for FAFSA.

    I believe we need more of a case management approach that is 
proactively assessing the service members and their families as they 
transition back into civilian life.

          Incorporate all effective forms of support such as 
        faith-based programs, peer support and other options that are 
        personalized to the individual.

          Exit services could be provided by a ``reintegration 
        counselor'' similar to the Veteran Readiness & Employment 
        program (Chapter 31) who can assist the service member or 
        connect them to appropriate resources.

      Veteran suicides each day are alarming figures, but do 
not include those that die of accidental death due to other things like 
poor decision-making, recklessness or unintentional drug overdose.

          The service member doesn't know how they will handle 
        the freedoms of civilian life until they experience it.

                  I feel there should be additional emphasis on 
                making good decisions and minimizing risky behavior.

      Last, education benefits are a major reason many decide 
to join the military and often the first endeavor for service members 
after transition. A common issue people report is financial instability 
due to pro-rated housing payments.

          For instance, if a student begins a Spring term on 
        January 8th, the VA will prorate their monthly housing stipend 
        and reduce the housing payment. When the term ends, the payment 
        is again pro-rated to exclude any days of the month the student 
        is not enrolled.

                  I believe these inconsistent payments cause 
                undue hardship on student veterans and their families.
    Thank you.

                                 

                  Prepared Statement of Danielle Luba

    House of Representatives, Committee on Veteran Affairs, and 
Congressman Van Orden,

    Thank you for the opportunity to speak on my behalf in regard to my 
transition from the military to my civilian life. I would like to first 
explain that I am an almost 17 year veteran of the worlds greatest Air 
Force. Most of my career has been as an Air National Guard member. I 
have always worn two hats; my military cover, and my civilian life. 
They both coexist with one another.
    My transition to using my educational military benefits was a 
challenge for myself. For most your entire young life into adulthood is 
controlled by someone else. They help to make the decision of your day-
to-day life. When you join the military, you are shifting it from a 
family members job to help you decide to the military making those 
decisions for you. They set your day for you based on what is best for 
the mission. When I was given the opportunity post training, I 
immediately enrolled into WTC for school. I had no idea what I was 
doing. I just kept hearing ``this is your opportunity, take it and run 
with it.'' And in the ideal world of knowing exactly what you want that 
would've worked out perfectly. I spent 2 years using my GI Bill for a 
career that I don't think I ever wanted. I then proceeded to continue 
to use it at a 4-year university with the same outcome.
    It wasn't until my first deployment in 2012 that I had time to sit 
and think, in a once again extremely structured environment, that I 
found what my forever idea was. After I returned, I continued to 
another 4-year school and completed my bachelor's degree. One of the 
main benefits that the military will use as a recruiting tool is ``your 
school is paid for.'' And that statement is correct if you have the 
proper guidance to ensure it is used correctly.
    Here I sit an almost 17-year veteran, with over $30,000 in student 
loan debt. I am very grateful for the opportunity to serve my county 
and do what I am doing, but it would've been nice to have better 
guidance when I was younger. They always say ``once you get older you 
will understand.'' I know fully understand the need for proper 
assistance when someone is beginning the chapter for their educational 
benefits.
    I would like to thank you for your time and listening to my life 
experience.

                                 

                  Prepared Statement of Kaytlyn Brown

    I served active duty in the Navy from November 2014 to September 
2023. I started the transition from being an active duty Sailor to a 
civilian in December 2022.
    I opted to do the in person TAPs class in Naval Station Norfolk. I 
didn't find the week long class to be overly helpful since majority of 
the required topics that had to be covered were merely skimmed over 
with in person guest speakers to not be knowledgeable enough to answer 
majority of the questions that were asked me and fellow transition 
military members. The guest speakers just ``regurgitated'' what was on 
the slides in the PowerPoint that was shown to us by the speaker. The 
class has good intentions, but it is not nearly long as it should be to 
ensure that we have a good understanding in what is available to us 
while transitioning and to us as we became veterans.
    My transition experience with my last command was not pleasant for 
me. My leadership was not very helpful. I ended my contract on a 
obliserve. I took 76 days of ``separation'' leave which took me from 
the 10th of July 2023 to the end of my contract on the 23d of September 
2023. When I had to file my leave chit, my obliserve accumulated leave 
days were not in the system and I had to provide many extra documents 
to prove that I had those the days to take for leave. Many of the 
leadership that had to approve my chit, didn't understand or simply 
didn't care to read the provided documents to understand my situation 
and kept rejecting it until I finally begged an E-7 that technically 
wasn't in my chain of command to help me and explain it to the people 
who kept rejecting my request for leave. That E-7 got leave chit 
approved for me.
    My next biggest issue was dealing Suddath for shipping my personal 
household goods from Hampton, Virginia to Warrens, Wisconsin. The 
movers in VA didn't know how to pack things, so my mother and I had to 
go in behind them and repackage fragile items, such as glassware and 
dinnerware. They stood on my washing machine, that survived two prior 
moves in the area, and I had to bend the lid back close to its original 
shape. They placed one of my TVs in a way that the screen broke. And on 
top of it all, I was never able to get reimbursed for my damaged items 
because they changed their system and I couldn't get into it and submit 
anything cause they were asking for codes and numbers that I didn't 
have.
    I thank you for your time and for the opportunity to share my 
experience of transitioning from active duty to being a civilian.

    Kaytlyn M. Brown

                  Prepared Statement of Adrian Moreno

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                       Statements for the Record

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            Prepared Statement of Disabled American Veterans

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