[House Hearing, 118 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                 LEVELING THE PLAYING FIELD: EXAMINING THE 
                   LANDSCAPE OF VETERAN OWNED SMALL 
                   BUSINESSES

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

             SUBCOMMITTEE ON CONTRACTING AND INFRASTRUCTURE

                             JOINT WITH THE

                  SUBCOMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY
                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                                 OF THE

                      COMMITTEE ON SMALL BUSINESS
                             UNITED STATES
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               __________

                              HEARING HELD
                             JULY 23, 2024
                               __________

[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
                               

            Small Business Committee Document Number 118-057
             Available via the GPO Website: www.govinfo.gov
             
                               __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
56-208                      WASHINGTON : 2024                    
          
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------               
            
                   HOUSE COMMITTEE ON SMALL BUSINESS

                    ROGER WILLIAMS, Texas, Chairman
                    
                      BLAINE LUETKEMEYER, Missouri
                        PETE STAUBER, Minnesota
                        DAN MEUSER, Pennsylvania
                         BETH VAN DUYNE, Texas
                         MARIA SALAZAR, Florida
                          TRACEY MANN, Kansas
                           JAKE ELLZEY, Texas
                        MARC MOLINARO, New York
                         MARK ALFORD, Missouri
                           ELI CRANE, Arizona
                          AARON BEAN, Florida
                           WESLEY HUNT, Texas
                         NICK LALOTA, New York
                          CELESTE MALOY, Utah
               NYDIA VELAZQUEZ, New York, Ranking Member
                          JARED GOLDEN, Maine
                        DEAN PHILLIPS, Minnesota
                          GREG LANDSMAN, Ohio
                  MARIE GLUESENKAMP PEREZ, Washington
                        SHRI THANEDAR, Michigan
                       MORGAN MCGARVEY, Kentucky
                       HILLARY SCHOLTEN, Michigan
                          JUDY CHU, California
                         SHARICE DAVIDS, Kansas
                      CHRIS PAPPAS, New Hampshire

                  Ben Johnson, Majority Staff Director
                 Melissa Jung, Minority Staff Director
                           
                           C O N T E N T S

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

                                                                   Page
Hon. Nick LaLota.................................................     1
Hon. Hillary Scholten............................................     3

                               WITNESSES

Mr. William J. Belknap Sr., President, AEONRG LLC, Downingtown, 
  PA.............................................................     9
Mr. Stephen G. Hayduk, P.E., Managing Member, Hayduk Engineering, 
  LLC, Ronkonkoma, NY............................................    11
Ms. Stephanie Brown, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, The 
  Rosie Network, Ramona, CA......................................    12
Mr. Jon Tellier, President, JetCo Solutions, Grand Rapids, MI....    14

                                APPENDIX

Prepared Statements:
    Mr. William J. Belknap Sr., President, AEONRG LLC, 
      Downingtown, PA............................................    28
    Mr. Stephen G. Hayduk, P.E., Managing Member, Hayduk 
      Engineering, LLC, Ronkonkoma, NY...........................    38
    Ms. Stephanie Brown, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, The 
      Rosie Network, Ramona, CA..................................    41
    Mr. Jon Tellier, President, JetCo Solutions, Grand Rapids, MI    44
Questions for the Record:
    None.
Answers for the Record:
    None.
Additional Material for the Record:
    Approval letters from Hon. Williams and Hon. Scalise.........    50
    America's Credit Unions......................................    52

 
 LEVELING THE PLAYING FIELD: EXAMINING THE LANDSCAPE OF VETERAN OWNED 
                            SMALL BUSINESSES

                              ----------                              


                         TUESDAY, JULY 23, 2024

              House of Representatives,    
               Committee on Small Business,
                        Subcommittee on Contracting
                                        and Infrastructure,
                             joint with the
              Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity,
                            Committee on Veterans' Affairs,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The Subcommittees met, pursuant to call, at 10:00 a.m., in 
Room 2360, the Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Nick LaLota 
[chairman of the Committee on Small Business, Subcommittee on 
Contracting and Infrastructure] presiding.
    Present from the Committee on Small Business, Subcommittee 
on Contracting and Infrastructure: Representatives LaLota, 
Bean, Maloy, Scholten, McGarvey, and Chu.
    Present from the Committee on Veterans Affairs, 
Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity: Representatives Van 
Orden, Levin, and McGarvey.
    Also Present: Representative Williams.
    Mr. LALOTA. Good morning, everyone. I now call the 
Committee on Small Business to order. Without objection, the 
Chair is authorized to declare a recess of the committee at any 
time.
    Prior to opening statements, I want to note that pursuant 
to committee rule 3E, the Democrat witness for today's hearing 
will be appearing remotely.
    I ask unanimous consent to enter into the record the letter 
of approval of the Majority Leader Scalise. And without 
objection, so ordered.
    I now recognize myself for my opening statements.
    Welcome to today's joint subcommittee hearing entitled, 
``Leveling the Playing Field: Examining the Landscape of 
Veteran Owned Small Businesses.''
    First, I want to thank all of our witnesses for joining us 
here today. Your presence here and your time is very much 
appreciated and we all look forward to your testimonies.
    I would like to specifically give a shout out to Stephen 
Hayduk, my constituent from Long Island from Suffolk County, a 
Vietnam veteran and my own constituent. Thank you, sir, for 
being here. We appreciate your service to our nation.
    I would also like to thank the VA Subcommittee on Economic 
Development for joining us in this effort today, specifically 
Subcommittee Chairman, my friend and fellow Navy veteran, 
Congressman Van Orden, who will be chairing from time to time. 
We are going to swap out as we have other duties that require 
us to be elsewhere.
    Today our subcommittees will be focusing on how we get our 
nation's veterans more involved in the contracting space and 
more involved in main street in general. We must address the 
alarming decline in the number of small businesses receiving 
federal contracts, having been cut in half over the last 10 
years, with the number of small businesses entering the federal 
contracting system decreasing by nearly 60 percent in the same 
period.
    We all know the crucial role main street plays in 
increasing competition, innovation, and stimulating our 
economy. Yet, they have been systematically squeezed out of 
federal contracting for decades. Unfortunately, this decline in 
small business contracting comes as no surprise as the Biden 
Administration actively steers our economy and national 
security in the wrong direction.
    Veterans should have abundant opportunities in this space 
and our nation's veterans bring unique skills to the 
marketplace. We must ensure they have the resources they need 
to compete in the procurement marketplace. They possess innate 
leadership and entrepreneurial skills and qualities that cannot 
be taught.
    Unfortunately, oftentimes a veteran's attempts to 
transition back to civilian life, that journey can be extremely 
challenging. Entrepreneurship is a fantastic way for veterans 
to regain mission focus, but it is no easy process, especially 
thanks to today's current economic landscape brought to you by 
leaders in our administration.
    Veteran-owned small business should be able to easily 
operate in the contracting marketplace, too. Sadly, the 
bureaucratic red tape, and there is a heck of a lot of it, 
challenge small businesses who are forced to navigate this 
extremely harmful and burdensome process. Needless to say, this 
complexity of these barriers makes it even harder for small 
business to enter the federal marketplace.
    For example, involvement in federal contracting requires a 
significant understanding of the long and cumbersome federal 
acquisition regulations, defense federal acquisition 
regulations, and the applicable regulations in the Federal 
Register. Together these documents are over 94,000 pages long 
and require thousands of staff hours to read. Veterans and 
small business owners at large should not have to do this just 
to merely compete. It is our job here in this subcommittee and 
the joint committee and Congress as a whole to give veterans a 
fighting chance after all that they have done for our great 
nation.
    This subcommittee's mission is to create a pathway for 
small businesses to succeed and that is why today's hearing is 
absolutely paramount. I hope today's discussion will lead to 
real-world solutions that will enhance the lives and realities 
of our veteran-owned small businesses, and I thank you once 
again for joining us today. Your real-world experiences will 
help us make meaningful improvements to ensure small businesses 
are fully utilized in the federal procurement marketplace. We 
must work together, both parties, to stop the decline of small 
business contracting and fight to keep main street open for 
business.
    With that, I yield to my distinguished colleague, the 
Ranking Member from Michigan, Ms. Scholten.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. Thank you, Mr. Chair. And I want to say 
special thanks to the majority for allowing my witness, who I 
will introduce later, to appear remotely. The major flight 
cancellations that we have been experiencing across the country 
have, unfortunately, impacted him and his ability to be here in 
person today because he has got incredible perspective to 
share, and I thank you for that.
    I am glad we can come together to discuss the issues facing 
our nation's veteran-owned small businesses as well as 
celebrate their successes. We all know that small businesses 
are the backbone of the American economy and veteran-owned 
small business make up a critical part of that foundation. The 
work these entrepreneurs do, all after serving our nation, is 
nothing short of remarkable. Moreover, the impact these small 
businesses have in our communities highlight the need for our 
Small Business Administration to support them. The hearing 
today affords us the opportunity to examine how well we in 
Congress are doing our part to serve those who have sacrificed 
so much for this great nation.
    In order to determine how we can best serve our veteran-
owned businesses we need to understand where they are in the 
landscape of Main Street America. According to the Census 
Bureau data in 2020, approximately 300,000 employer firms were 
veteran owned out of a total of approximately 6 million, 
accounting for 5 percent of all employer firms.
    Veterans own approximately 1.7 million non-employer firms 
making up about 4.8 percent of non-employer firms nationwide. 
These numbers show that veteran entrepreneurs play a 
significant role on main street and historically they have done 
so for decades.
    Studies also show that older generations of veterans are 
much more likely to be entrepreneurs compared to their civilian 
counterparts. However, veterans such as those that served in 
the first and second Gulf Wars are pursuing entrepreneurship at 
a much lower rate when compared to civilians at a similar age. 
This is why this hearing today is so important.
    It is critical that we examine the barriers to 
entrepreneurship through the lens of these business owners to 
understand where the gaps in support exist. The Small Business 
Administration has a number of resources for veterans who are 
looking to start or grow their small business making 
significant progress in providing guidance and resources to 
veteran-owned small businesses.
    The 7(a) Program for example provided more than $1 billion 
in loans to veterans in fiscal year 2023 alone. Additionally, 
the Small Business Administration received $8.5 million in 
fiscal year 2024 to fund a number of programs supporting 
veteran entrepreneurs, such as Boots to Business, the Women 
Veteran Entrepreneurship Training Program, and the Service-
Disabled Veteran Entrepreneurship Training Program.
    These programs provided support to thousands of veterans in 
fiscal year 2023. Notably Boots to Business alone served over 
23,000 veterans, military spouses, and servicemembers. Based on 
the success of these programs it is no wonder that the current 
administration requested $19 million for them in fiscal year 
2025.
    These programs are just a few examples of this critical 
work the SBA is doing to serve our nation's veterans. However, 
it is also important to examine where we can do more. As with 
many entrepreneurs, access to capital remains a top issue for 
veteran-owned small businesses as well. Studies have shown that 
over half of veteran-owned small businesses don't receive the 
amount of financing they request, over half. These realities 
combined with the downward trend of young veterans pursuing 
entrepreneurship highlight an area where more support from 
Congress may be needed.
    I look forward to hearing from our witnesses today with 
their unique perspective on how we can address the challenges 
faced by our veteran-owned small businesses. Thank you all.
    Mr. LALOTA. I want to thank the Ranking Member for her 
statement for a partnership on our subcommittee together. This 
is one of the more functional committees in Congress that 
actually gets a couple of good things done and I am pleased 
that we have a good relationship.
    I am going to pass the mic to my good friend who has a 
depth of experience. We are blessed to have some good witnesses 
here today who are going to help inform the subcommittee, but 
this Subcommittee Chairman from the VA committee has a breadth 
of experience himself, 25-year Navy man, retired senior chief 
combat veteran, who probably has one of the most unique senses 
of humor in Congress, too.
    So, with that I pass it to my good friend, Congressman Van 
Orden.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. It is really great 
to be here. We have got some of our staff over here from our 
Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity. From the VA I would like 
to thank Mr. Levin, my Ranking Member, for being here. And I do 
need to note for the record, though, when anyone comes to our 
committee they are given cheese from the State of Wisconsin. 
That is correct. You know that, Mike?
    Mr. LEVIN. Yes, I do.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Yeah. So, just throwing that out there if 
anybody is taking notes.
    I want to thank you guys for having us today. It is 
incredibly important that we are here because we must work 
together. And our committee, we do not run a bipartisan 
committee, we run a non-partisan committee. And I think that 
you guys have embraced that spirit and I really appreciate 
that. There is so much tomato thrown around here in Congress. 
It is about time we do some damn work together.
    But veterans are the backbone of America's economy. They 
have been for a very long period of time. And unfortunately, 
the percentage of veteran-owned businesses in America has 
decreased from about 11 percent of all businesses in 2014 to 
just under 5.2 percent in 2021. And this downward trend 
concerns me as it does all of you.
    We at Congress have got to do a better job to ensure that 
veteran-owned businesses are able to maintain a competitive 
advantage in this economy and have access to all the tools they 
need to take risk, to take the risk to start a business, 
especially when veteran-owned businesses are contributing 
almost $1 trillion to the economy annually.
    Veterans should not be left behind by the broader 
population when they have done so much to protect us in this 
room now. The Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity that I Chair 
has worked very hard to ensure veterans have the opportunities 
they deserve in education, career development, and housing. And 
now we need to focus our efforts on ensuring that veterans can 
take full advantage of the programs that are available for 
starting and running a business.
    I have made improvements in the Transition Assistance 
Program offered to servicemembers and one of my top priorities 
of Congress for transitioning veterans aspiring to own a 
business. The Boots to Business Program has proven to be an 
invaluable pathway.
    I am concerned, though, that the future of the Boots to 
Business Program is uncertain because it is supposed to expire 
at the end of this Congress. And I implore all my colleagues, 
regardless of the side of the aisle you are on, to reauthorize 
this program to ensure our veterans have the knowledge and the 
skillset to succeed as entrepreneurs upon departure from the 
service.
    As a former small business owner myself, I understand the 
difficulties associated with starting and running a small 
business. And I want to ensure that the TAP, Transition 
Assistance Program, is empowering veterans with the knowledge 
and tools they need to make the decision that is best for them 
to succeed.
    I also want to ensure that when they leave TAP they are 
aware of other programs established to ensure their success, 
such as veterans mentoring and networking programs, SBA 
assistance programs, and state programs for veteran-owned small 
businesses.
    Frequently the Committee on Veterans' Affairs hears about 
how the application to apply to be a veteran-owned small 
business or service-disabled veteran-owned small business is 
filled with bureaucratic paperwork and overly complicated and 
after three or four times they just stop trying to apply.
    During the full committee hearing and the VA last year we 
also heard about the lack of opportunities in rural areas for 
veterans applying to be a VOSB or an SDVOSB. Wow, check that 
out. Huge acronyms.
    It is difficult to get questions answered or fill out an 
application correctly when the nearest assistance available to 
you is over 100 miles away. And in today's day and age these 
government agencies must adapt to reach veterans or anyone 
wherever we can, and we are going to see an example of that by 
the Ranking Member's witness remoting in here.
    Finally, the federal government has worked hard to create 
specific programs to help certain individuals achieve the 
American dream for various reasons, ensuring a veteran-owned 
business receives every advantage the federal government can 
afford should it be a priority for programs since just 1 
percent of Americans serve in uniform.
    These men and women should receive the same, if not 
preferential, treatment when it comes to government 
contracting, tax breaks, and streamlining the application 
process. And I look forward to finding these solutions with my 
friends and colleagues, Ranking Member Levin, as well as my 
colleagues from the Small Business Committee.
    I am very excited to hear your testimony today and see how 
we can help you better.
    And with that, Mr. Chairman, I yield back.
    Mr. LALOTA. Thank you, Mr. Van Orden.
    I said before that we have some great witnesses and we also 
have some great Members here, too. Somebody who I got to know 
about 8 months ago when we worked together. He represents the 
Southern California, I think a Los Angeles area district. We 
worked together about 8 months ago to ensure that his 
constituent and a Navy man, Lieutenant Ridge Alkonis, was, 
after 500-and-something days in a Japanese prison, was able to 
get home rightfully to his family and met Mr. Levin along the 
way, who was a champion in that effort. He is the Ranking 
Member of the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee 
on Economic Opportunity, Representative Mike Levin. I will 
recognize him for this comments.
    Mr. LEVIN. Well, thank you so much, Chairman LaLota and 
thank you to Chairman Van Orden, Ranking Member Scholten, three 
good friends in Congress, and this is how things are supposed 
to work around here. And I am really, really pleased to see us 
all getting together.
    I had the honor to serve now in the Economic Opportunity 
Subcommittee for 5-1/2 years. I can tell you it is the most 
rewarding work that I have done in the House of Representatives 
and it has, Chairman Van Orden said, it has been nonpartisan 
work, working with Gus Bilirakis and Barry Moore and Chairman 
Van Orden.
    We have gotten a ton accomplished and I am really excited 
to see this, you know, collaboration with the Small Business 
Committee. This is great. We should have done this 5-1/2 years 
ago, but better late than never.
    Historically, veterans who have been more entrepreneurial 
than non-veterans. And my experience representing the Marine 
Corps Base Camp Pendleton has been that most of our veterans, 
they just want to find new ways to serve, you know, when they 
are transitioning from the military into civilian life, and 
starting a business is one of the very best ways to do that.
    According to the Census Bureau, some of these statistics 
were given before, veterans own about 5.9 percent of all 
business that employ 3.9 million people and have an annual 
payroll of about $177 billion. Pretty amazing.
    The last Congress I was honored to lead legislation that 
was signed into law to expand veterans' eligibility for self-
employment in the Veteran Readiness and Employment Program. I 
am really excited to work with the Committee on Small Business 
to support veterans who want to start small businesses and 
ensuring they have the resources available to support their 
endeavors.
    I also look forward to hearing from today's witnesses on 
their experience as business owners and the resource they 
provide to assist veterans in starting and growing small 
businesses.
    With that I yield back to my friend, the Chairman.
    Mr. LALOTA. Thank you, sir. Just for time management's sake 
we are going to take about the next 10 minutes or so to 
introduce the witnesses and then we have been called to vote. 
So, after that, we are going to take a brief recess so the 
Members can vote and come back there. So, for staff and 
witnesses, just for your time management, we are going to do 
about 10 minutes and then take a break.
    So, I want to introduce our witnesses. The first witness 
here today is Mr. Bill Belknap. Mr. Belknap is the president of 
AEONRG, LLC, located in Downingtown, Pennsylvania. Mr. Belknap 
founded the LLC in 2012, a general contractor providing 
construction on mechanical, electrical, and plumbing projects 
and services largely to governmental clients include the VA 
medical centers.
    It is also certified as a service-disabled, veteran-owned 
small business. Prior to founding the company, Mr. Belknap 
served for 10 years as a global operations manager with Pfizer. 
Before joining Pfizer, he completed a 20-year Army career, 
thank you for your service, sir, including 10 years in the Tank 
Division in the United States and in Turkey.
    Mr. Belknap graduated from the United States Military 
Academy at West Point, go Navy v. Army, sir, with a bachelor of 
science and later graduated from Wayne State University with an 
MBA in finance. Thank you for your service and we look forward 
to the conversation ahead.
    Our next witness here with us today is my constituent, Mr. 
Stephen Hayduk. Mr. Hayduk is the founder and owner of Hayduk 
Engineering, LLC, located on Long Island in Ronkonkoma, New 
York. Founded by Mr. Hayduk in 1984 as a one-man operation, 
Hayduk Engineering has now grown up to over 40 employees.
    In 2015, Hayduk Engineering, LLC was certified as a 
service-disabled, veteran-owned small business driving even 
more growth for the company. Mr. Hayduk has served as the 
commissioner of the Suffolk County Department of Public Works 
where he oversaw a department of over 900 employees and $160 
million operating budget.
    A Vietnam veteran, Mr. Hayduk used the G.I. Bill to go to 
college, earning his associate degree from the Suffolk County 
Community College before attending the Rochester Institute of 
Technology where he earned his bachelor of science and civil 
engineering technology.
    Mr. Hayduk, thank you for your service, sir, and for your 
travels here to Washington, and we look forward to the 
conversation ahead.
    I want to recognize Chairman Van Orden to briefly introduce 
our third witness appearing before us today.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I would like to introduce Ms. Stephanie Brown, who I have 
known for, well, for quite a period of time. For a long time 
she says. She happens to be the widow of one of my dear 
friends, Admiral Tom Brown, who I served with and for on 
multiple continents and multiple combat tours and he is a fine 
man. And I thank you so much, Stephanie, for your service and 
sacrifice to our country.
    Stephanie is the founder and Chairwoman and CEO of The 
Rosie Network, which is a group that has been established to 
help alleviate some of the economic hardships that military 
folks have and she has been helping hundreds and thousands of 
military spouses start businesses and run them so that their 
husband or wife can serve our country with a little less 
stress.
    So, I want to thank you dearly for coming here from San 
Diego, California, for your testimony. And I am really looking 
forward to the rest of these people hearing your story and what 
you have done for our country, ma'am.
    And with that, I yield back.
    Mr. LALOTA. Thank you. I now recognize the Ranking Member 
from Michigan, Ms. Scholten, to briefly introduce our last 
witness appearing before us today.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. Thank you so much, Mr. Chairman, and again, 
thank you for allowing this witness to appear remotely. I am 
delighted to introduce our final witness, Jon Tellier. Mr. 
Tellier is a constituent of my district in Michigan's third 
congressional district. His company, JetCo Solutions, is based 
in Grand Rapids.
    It assists other companies in entering the federal 
marketplace to bid on government contracts. JetCo Solutions 
provides research proposal management, grant writing, and 
business development for businesses, helping them win contracts 
valued at over $4 billion.
    Mr. Tellier is a former paratrooper and combat veteran, 
retiring from the Army after 23 years of service as a 
lieutenant colonel. He held a range of leadership positions in 
the military, including a deployment to Iraq in support of 
Operation Desert Shield and Storm.
    Mr. Tellier is also deeply committed to his community 
serving on boards and committees supporting youth, families, 
veterans, and businesses. He represents several congressional 
districts in Michigan as military academy liaison officer and 
engages nationally on veterans and military issues.
    I am grateful to him for his service to our great nation 
and his leadership to West Michigan. Thank him for appearing 
today and juggling through lots and lots of logistical hurdles. 
I yield back.
    Mr. LALOTA. Thank you very much. As I mentioned earlier, 
votes have been called. The Committee stands in recess subject 
to the call of the Chair. We will resume after votes.
    [Recess.]
    Mr. WILLIAMS. [Presiding.] The Committee will now come to 
order and we will pick back up with the witnesses' testimony.
    Now, before recognizing the witnesses, I would like to 
remind them that their oral testimony is restricted to 5 
minutes in length. If you see the light turn red in front of 
you, it means your 5 minutes have concluded and you should wrap 
up your testimony. And if the red light doesn't phase you, you 
will hear this, okay? And that is a double red light.
    All right. So, work with us on that and I know you will do 
great.
    I now recognize, Mr. Belknap for 5-minute opening remarks.

 STATEMENTS OF WILLIAM J. BELKNAP SR., PRESIDENT, AEONRG LLC; 
 STEPHEN G. HAYDUK, P.E., MANAGING MEMBER, HAYDUK ENGINEERING, 
LLC; STEPHANIE BROWN, FOUNDER AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, THE 
   ROSIE NETWORK; AND JON TELLIER, PRESIDENT, JETCO SOLUTIONS

      STATEMENT OF WILLIAM BELKNAP, PRESIDENT, AEONRG, LLC

    Mr. BELKNAP. Chairman LaLota, Chairman Van Orden, Ranking 
Members Scholten and Levin, Subcommittee Members, thank you for 
holding today's hearing.
    My name is Bill Belknap, I am the president of AEONRG, LLC, 
a VA-certified SDVOSB providing construction services for 
federal clients. I am grateful to be here today on behalf of 
the National Small Business Association testifying on an issue 
that is vitally important to our economy, national security, as 
well as to me personally.
    Before my work in private sector, I completed a 20-year 
Army career, graduated from the United States Miliary Academy 
at West Point, and the Army's Ranger and Airborne schools 
before serving 10 years in command and staff positions with 
armor combat units.
    Subsequently, I spent 10 years in the Army's Acquisition 
Corps serving in positions as construction contracting officer, 
deputy Army installation commander, assistant project manager 
of the M1A2 Abrams Tank. I culminated my career as director of 
the Army Science Board in the Pentagon.
    My dream job, however, was starting and growing my own 
company. The training, assignments, and experiences I received 
in the military were a catalyst to becoming a veteran 
entrepreneur.
    As you know, veterans make up a substantial portion of the 
small business community owning roughly 2 million businesses, 
employing 5.5 million Americans, payrolls exceeding quarter of 
a billion dollars. This substantial footprint illustrates the 
appeal of veterans entrepreneurship. Despite this allure, 
veteran businesses face unique and persistent challenges.
    Actions that I recommend need to be taken, number one, 
simplification of government solicitations and contracts. We 
are competing against commercial entities. Many of the FAR and 
agency-specific clauses that sometimes take up 50 percent of a 
solicitation pages that maybe be up to 150 pages in length 
should be migrated to periodic, one-time registration entities 
such as SAM or SDVOSB renewal.
    This relatively simple change will cut the paperwork 
associated with federal contracts in half. The federal 
government should also review corporate industry best practices 
and incorporate more of these in contracting.
    Number two, count military service towards proposal past 
performance and experience. Too often federal agencies mandate 
in their solicitations that prior government contracting 
experience is required. But currently military service does not 
count. The federal government must mandate that each agency has 
a policy to ensure military experience and qualifications count 
toward acceptability and competitiveness in evaluating 
proposals.
    Number three, accountability of federal agencies meeting 
and facilitating set-aside goals. It is too easy for agencies 
to lump services together into one very large contact that only 
large businesses could legitimately propose and win. The 
federal government should develop a carrot-and-stick approach 
to incentivize agencies meeting their various small business 
set-aside goals to include veteran set-asides. Make--hold them 
accountable.
    Number four, promote veteran entrepreneurship mentorships. 
Leaving the military is a culture shock to many. In the 
military servicemen and -women are told where they will serve, 
what they will wear, how to address their superiors, et cetera.
    A veteran entrepreneur will greatly benefit from mentoring 
by another veteran that successfully transitioned. Congress 
should mandate SBA or VA to organize a task force to develop 
veteran entrepreneurship mentorships.
    Number five, self-reporting performance, all agencies 
incorporate modern, most efficient acquisition best practices. 
During the execution of federal contracts, agencies should 
emphasize contractors' self-reporting of their performance. 
Most companies take great pride in their work and want to earn 
the agency's trust and competence.
    Number six, agency acquisition training, standardization, 
and incorporation of modern acquisition best practices and 
similar contracting and contract management methods among all 
agency officials will promote the liquidity of veteran 
entrepreneurs to serve during different agencies and increase 
and spread the flow of talent among them.
    And number seven, increase maximum SDVOSB sole-source 
thresholds, use 8A regulations in SDVOSB sole-source award. The 
5-year update schedule means that a sole-source contract 
awarded now may be worth $1.5 million less if it were awarded 
after October 1, 2025, when the thresholds update. That is more 
than a 21 percent difference.
    However, increasing the threshold without changing the 
rules by which sole-source can be used for SDVOSB set-asides is 
not effective or meaningful. Change the rules to match those of 
8A sole-source requirements and you'll see the program become 
more effective.
    In addition, this is suggestion from NSBA also encourages 
the Committee to look into. Development of the VOSB set-asides, 
one possible area of improvement would be the development of 
specific set-aside for VOSBs separate from existing SDVOSBs by 
increasing total pool of set-asides we help veterans regardless 
of injury status, ability to actively participate in federal 
government contracting, and more importantly would not dilute, 
disadvantage the currently SDVOSB program.
    More detail of each of these items can be found in my 
written testimony.
    In conclusion, on behalf of the NSBA, I want to reiterate 
that small business community's thanks to the Committee for its 
attention and to these issues. I look forward to answering any 
questions.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Thank you very much.
    I now recognize Mr. Hayduk for 5 minutes, opening remarks.
    Mr. HAYDUK. Good morning.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Can you turn your mic on?

     STATEMENT OF STEPHEN HAYDUK, SENIOR PRINCIPAL, HAYDUK 
                        ENGINEERING, LLC

    Mr. HAYDUK. Good morning, and thank you to my congressman, 
Nick LaLota, and to all of you for inviting me to appear before 
you today.
    I enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1968 and served as a 
helicopter crew chief in the Army's 57th Assault Helicopter 
Company in Vietnam, known as the Gladiators. I returned home, 
attended college on the G.I. Bill, and founded my own 
consulting engineering firm in 1984.
    Hayduk Engineering is both a New York state-certified 
service-disabled, veteran-owned business as well as a federally 
certified service-disabled veteran-owned small business.
    Our company is well-respected on Long Island in New York, 
and has grown significantly as a result of the SDVOB program.
    Under the state program, however, all contracts issued by 
any state agency include a set-aside of about 6 percent, 
usually 6 percent, for service-disabled veteran-owned 
businesses. Under the state program, prime contractors have no 
choice but to set out--to seek out an SDVOB to serve as a 
subcontractor or a subconsultant in our case.
    Our firm gets inquiries every single week from companies 
pursuing contracts with the state asking if we will agree to be 
part of them, on their teams, and many of these are very, very 
large contracts beyond the size that we would go after as a 
prime.
    Getting work under the federal program has been much more 
challenging. So, I wanted to emphasize, I am not here to 
criticize the federal program, but instead to offer my 
observations about the differences between the state and the 
federal program and how the federal program might benefit from 
following some of the examples set by the state program which 
has been extremely beneficial to my firm.
    The federal program apparently does not include the same 
requirements as the New York State program for winners of all 
contracts awarded to include an SDVOB on the project team.
    Under the state program our firm has been awarded hundreds 
of engineering contracts helping to create dozens of jobs that 
Hayduk Engineering and helping to grow our firm from less than 
10 employees in 2015 to nearly 50 today.
    Under the federal program we have been awarded one contract 
for technical design of an upgrade to the sewage treatment 
plant at the VA medical center in Northport, New York. We 
completed that work successfully and we have a great working 
relationship with the staff at VA's Northport facility.
    We would like to provide engineering support for other 
federal agencies that operate on Long Island and I did a quick 
search and we came up with a list of about 20 of the federal 
agencies that we are aware of. Our firm is well-respected and 
has been recognized for the high quality of our work on many 
levels.
    We are notified regularly by local governments about 
opportunities for new work as it becomes available. Receiving 
the same type of notice about federal procurements in our 
region would be helpful. Instead, our staff is left to attempt 
to identify pending federal projects by navigating their way 
through the federal procurement notices on the internet.
    That system, SAM.gov, is more complicated than it should 
be. The search engine is cumbersome and when you apply 
different search filters to try to identify opportunities by 
region or by business classification it either yields sometimes 
many irrelevant results or sometimes very few results. But not 
often are they applicable or relevant to our type of business.
    Because it uses a national database our staff are searching 
through projects all over the world that we could never pursue. 
For small businesses paying staff to dedicate that type of work 
hours to that process is not an efficient or cost-effective use 
of resources.
    Another issue that's common to the program and is intended 
to help small businesses is the need for sustained economic 
growth. If a program helps create dozens of new jobs we should 
have a shared goal of making sure that the people we hire can 
rely on those jobs to continue. The issue I'm raising is the 
need for a transition period from business that do grow as a 
result of the program.
    Right now, there is no glide path for a transition to 
protect a business and its employees in the event that the 
veteran owner passes on, retires, or leaves the business. The 
intent of the program is to help business expand and create new 
jobs.
    But if state SDVOB or a federal SDVOSB certification is 
lost abruptly the business could face instant reduction of 
workflow meaning instant loss of jobs for those who have 
benefited, but also for all the employees that work for that 
firm.
    A transition process to allow companies to reduce their 
reliance on SDVOSB would protect businesses.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The gentleman's time is----
    Mr. HAYDUK. In closing----
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Go ahead, quickly.
    Mr. HAYDUK. One, consider modifying the program to require 
a broader set asides for the contracts issued on federal 
agencies similar to approach taken by the state of New York. 
Consider, two, consider establishing a proactive notification 
system alerting SDVOBs of procurements.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The gentleman's time is up.
    Mr. HAYDUK. Okay. Thank you.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Thank you.
    And I now recognize Ms. Brown for her 5-minute opening 
remarks.

   STATEMENT OF STEPHANIE BROWN, CEO AND FOUNDER, THE ROSIE 
      NETWORK AND U.S. MILITARY SPOUSE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

    Ms. BROWN. Thank you for the invitation to be here. I'm 
just going to jump right in. I am the daughter of a Vietnam 
veteran turned small business owner. I was married to a retired 
Rear Admiral Tom Brown, who served 30 years in the SEAL teams, 
and I am the mother of two boys I raised in the military.
    I founded The Rosie Network after Rosie the Riveter over 12 
years ago and since then we have provided our national award-
winning, college-accredited Service to CEO Program and 
mentoring to tens of thousands of transitioning servicemembers, 
veterans, and military spouses, those that are seeking the 
American dream of small business ownership.
    We represent over 30,000 veteran- and military-affiliated 
small businesses around the globe. While we serve Active-Duty 
veterans and military spouses, today I would like to speak on 
behalf of the 48 percent of military spouses who have chosen 
small business ownership and entrepreneurship as a viable and 
portable career.
    Why? Because despite our best efforts, military spouse 
unemployment and underemployment described by DOD leaders a 
national security crisis has remained statistically unchanged 
for over a decade.
    At 20 to 24 percent, the unemployment rate for military 
spouses is 4 times higher than that of the national average. 
The cost to American taxpayers is between $700 million and $1.2 
billion a year. More importantly, it causes financial 
insecurity and stress on our military families and impacts 
mission readiness, retention, and recruitment.
    When we are employed, we are paid up to 25 percent less for 
the same job as our civilian counterparts. However, small 
business ownership is changing the landscape for military 
spouse employment, but we need your help. Based on the U.S. 
Military Spouse Chamber of Commerce internal data from over 
4,000 of its members we know that 87 percent of our members are 
women, 80 percent are married to spouses who are still serving. 
Collectively, they employ over 120,000 people, 80 percent of 
those are fellow military spouses and veterans, and they 
generate over $1 billion a year in revenue.
    The top challenges, you mentioned earlier, access to 
capital, 88 percent of our members are self-funded. The 12 
percent that sought funding, 90 percent were turned down. 
Financial institutions often view military spouses as less than 
favorable due to our nomadic lifestyles.
    Lack of mentoring and training, right now The Rosie Network 
has a 6-month wait list because we lack the resources to 
provide and hire more qualified instructors.
    Rather than the government building yet another program 
that very few attend or would recommend, why not support 
service organizations who are doing the hard work on the 
ground? Hold them accountable, yes. But please do not make 
these reimbursable grants that are often paid up to 90 days 
later. No for-profit company would be expected to operate on 
those terms. Seventy-three percent of military spouses want 
government contracting opportunities.
    Military spouses need to be designated as an economically 
disadvantaged category that will open us up for access to 
capital, contracting opportunities, and other resources.
    I'd like to give a shout out to the Army's Office of Small 
Business who right now, today, are actively doing business with 
military spouse-owned companies and they're tracking their 
spend.
    We need more federal agencies to step up. No federal agency 
will get credit for military spouse spend unless we are 
recognized. Three years ago, the Military Spouse Chamber rolled 
out the first industry standard certification for military 
spouse-owned enterprises which we offer for free.
    Today, we are the top 2 percent fastest growing chambers in 
the country and a number of Fortune 500 companies recognize and 
accept our certification, actively want to do business with 
military spouses.
    If the private sector will not accept self-certification 
why should the government? There needs to be reciprocity with 
vetted third-party certifiers. Military spouses have earned a 
seat at the table through our silent service and sacrifice on 
behalf of this nation. In my many decades in this space, not 
one servicemember or veteran has ever said to me, don't help my 
spouse.
    In conclusion, investing in our military spouse small 
business owners is an investment in our military families, it's 
an investment in our country and our economy.
    Thank you and I look forward to your questions.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Thank you very much.
    And now we recognize Mr. Tellier for 5 minutes. How do we 
have him set up? Okay. Mr. Tellier?

      STATEMENT OF JON TELLIER, PRESIDENT, JETCO SOLUTIONS

    Mr. TELLIER. Good morning. Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member 
Scholten, and other Subcommittee Members, thank you for 
inviting me to the Committee hearing and allowing JetCo 
Solutions the opportunity to discuss the entrepreneurial spirit 
of veterans and the challenges we face as small business 
owners. I apologize for not being in person and the airlines 
did not cooperate with me.
    My name is Jon Tellier. I am a veteran business owner and a 
soldier for life. My soldier journey began as far back as I can 
remember, a young boy playing with green Army plastic men and 
keeping a scoresheet of Army trucks and jeeps I sighted during 
my annual visit to see my father at Camp Grayling in Northern 
Michigan.
    Football allowed me to attend the United States Military 
Academy in 1985. That was the same year Army beat Michigan 
State in the inaugural Cherry Bowl at the Superdome. 
Ironically, my journey began the same leadership institution as 
my namesake, Jon Edward Bokovoy, who was a USMA Class of 1957 
and a friend that my father served with in Vietnam. This 
learning experience was then followed by training at the Army's 
Airborne and Ranger School.
    My first assignment was with the 3rd Armored Division in 
the Federal Republic of Germany, where I was to witness the 
fall of the Berlin Wall and the curtailment of communism. I 
also deployed to Iraq in support of Operation Desert Shield and 
Storm, and very proud to participate in the offensive in 
response to Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait.
    I also had the privilege of defending America's freedom as 
a member of the 82nd Airborne Division. We had several 2-hour 
recall notices and I exited active duty in the summer of 2000 
after 8 moves in 11 years achieving the rank of major.
    Some might say this is where my journey stops, but actually 
a new chapter was forged.
    My transition from the Army was a blur. My boss insisted 
that I work 12-hour days up to my out-processing time, forcing 
me to go on sick call in order to buy a suit for interviews.
    I landed in Kalamazoo, Michigan, and began working for a 
large, multibillion-dollar company. After a divorce and a move 
to Grand Rapids, Michigan, I worked for a small manufacturer.
    In 2005, I was let go as the automotive industry took a 
dive. Faced with 6 months of unemployment, $214 a week in 
subsidies, a kid in travel hockey, private school tuition, and 
no real job opportunities, I made a decision to start a 
business.
    Echoes of, are you crazy, and do you know what you are 
getting into, to why can't you just get a normal job, were 
commonplace. In the early years there were a few supporters. 
After developing my business plan, I briefed the cadre at the 
Small Business Development Corporation, commonly referred to as 
the SBDC. It went so bad that I almost decided to look 
elsewhere.
    Undeterred I made the changes and updates and continued on 
my purpose of starting a business that would sell packaging 
supplies to the Department of Defense.
    Shortly afterwards, JetCo received its first order, a 
$14,000 purchase order to McAlester Army Ammunition Plant for 
ammunition bags. But how was I going to pay for it since JetCo 
did not have a line of credit or any significant savings?
    Jim Feeney, previously he had tried to hire me, told his 
staff to grant JetCo a small line of credit. And we were able 
to get our contracting officer, Susaneva Wade, her ammunition 
bags on time. Similar instances occurred with the Census 
Bureau, the United States Department of Agriculture, the 
Federal Prison Industries, and at last count, today over 248 
different state and local government agencies.
    My military training and experience was invaluable for 
problem solving and analysis. My mindset of if this, of this, 
it fails in comparison to any patrol in the mountains of 
Dahlonega, Georgia, or blocking positions near Basrah helped me 
get up and go out and compete every day.
    But I could never do it alone. My business partner and 
spouse compliments my strengths and weaknesses. PTAC, now known 
as APEX, was extremely helpful.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Twenty seconds, Mr. Tellier.
    Mr. TELLIER. Today I believe I am living the American 
dream. I still worry about payroll, taxes, and healthcare. I am 
glad that I was fired in 2006 and forced to think creatively 
and start JetCo as a matter of survival, an accidental 
entrepreneur if you will.
    I'm truly appreciative of all the programs, incentives, and 
assistance we have received in our 18 years of business. In 
some way, I feel like today is payment for serving in the Army 
and protecting our freedom both in peace and in war.
    My hope is to pay that debt forward and that the next 
generation of veteran business owners share the same success we 
have and are afforded an even greater opportunities and 
resources. Thank you.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The reason I mentioned 20 seconds because he 
asked for that. Okay. So, I didn't want you to think we were 
doing anything different.
    I will now move to the Member questions under the 5-minute 
rule. I recognize myself for 5 minutes.
    For the last 10 years, I have had the privilege of 
representing Fort Hood, Texas, better known today as Fort 
Cavazos. During my many visits to the base I found it was not 
only the brave soldiers serving our country that are interested 
in pursuing entrepreneurship, but also their significant 
others.
    Ms. Brown, your efforts to help military spouses are very 
important. And can you briefly discuss some of the major 
challenges military spouses face as small business owners?
    Ms. BROWN. Thank you for that question. As I mentioned, 
access to capital is, of course, a big challenge, like it is 
for veteran-owned. Banks are hesitant because they're often--
they look at their resume, they see gaps in their resume. 
Ninety percent of those that did--of our membership that did 
attempt to get funding were turned down, so they see a nomadic 
lifestyle access to capital.
    Also, when it comes to--we find that over 70 percent of our 
military spouse members want to do business with the 
government, so getting access to capital, getting access to 
some of the training and resources that are available to 
veterans by designating--giving military spouses that 
designation of an economically disadvantage category will open 
that up to them.
    So, I would encourage the Committee to consider that. It 
was attempted before, but--and we were engaged in that effort. 
It was the same time the SBA was taking over the CVE, the 
veteran certification, and they felt that they couldn't manage 
both. But I believe that now is the time to recognize our 
military spouses. It just makes a stronger military family. So, 
thank you.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Thank you.
    Mr. Belknap, there are some programs, like Boots to 
Business, within the SBA, and we talked about it this morning, 
that look to teach servicemembers the basics of running a small 
business.
    However, I have noticed that many veterans often turn to 
their friends and the people they served with for advice as 
they look to enter the private sector. So, can you describe the 
work you do in helping other veterans navigate small business 
ownership, and what advice would you have for servicemembers 
who are considering taking the leap of faith and starting their 
own small business as they embark on their next chapter?
    Mr. BELKNAP. Thank you, Congressman Williams. So, there's a 
couple of thoughts about that. Number one is the veteran has 
got to decide what type of business they want to offer and that 
comes with what are their experiences, what are the skills they 
offer--they have to offer the customer, in this case the 
federal government.
    Number 2, what is the passion they have to wake up every 
morning and they're excited to do their business? Once they 
have those two, of course, they need to come up with a business 
plan, and the enormity of opportunities for vetting that 
business plan for assistance needs to be more informed to 
veterans.
    And number 3, I would suggest that the mentorship program 
that I talked about can have an enormous impact. You know, when 
I was transitioning out of the military one of the things that 
during the TAP program they said is talk to all your bosses to 
ask them to be a reference to help you find a job, especially 
the ones that liked you. And it worked out perfectly for me.
    I talked to a boss and I ended up working for a large 
corporation until I started my business 10 years later.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Some of you or most of you may not know but I 
have been in the car business for over 50 years, 53 years, and 
still in the car business. I took over the family business from 
my dad and I am going to ultimately pass it along to my two 
daughters who work in the business.
    Small business ownership as we all know is a family affair. 
And when veterans are thinking about passing along their family 
business there are few more things they must consider. And when 
a veteran retires the business risks losing their veteran 
designation if they do business with the federal government.
    While some protections exist for spouses who take over a 
company, allowing a transition phase to the company to find 
nonveteran business. However, this is not the case when a 
veteran passes down their business to a child.
    So, Mr. Hayduk, briefly in the time I have got left, do you 
think we should look at expanding the surviving spouse 
designation to include the children of veterans as well?
    Mr. HAYDUK. Yes. I think that would be extremely beneficial 
and that is absolute one of the four points that I made the 
transition process. My son is sitting behind me and is a 
licensed professional engineer in my consulting engineering 
practice. It's a professional practice only another licensed 
professional engineer can take over or be an owner, a 
principal.
    But although we had built it up to 50 people, and he is a 
partner in the business, a short time after my demise the 
business will cease to exist if he doesn't find a different 
person to take over as the SDVOB owner.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Well, that is good and I would just say to 
your son, father knows best, remember that.
    Mr. HAYDUK. Oh, I know that.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. Okay. I yield my time back.
    Now I recognize Ranking Member Scholten for 5 minutes of 
questions.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. Thank you so much Mr. Chair and Mr. Tellier, 
that worked out quite well. I have some follow-up questions for 
you if you are still there. It is wonderful to have a fellow--
--
    Mr. TELLIER. Yes, I am still here.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN.--West Michigander here providing some 
incredible insights. Your business assists other companies in 
winning contracts with the federal government, a critical 
service.
    What are the most common barriers that you see with small 
businesses who are seeking a government contract?
    Mr. TELLIER. There's really no playbook in terms of what 
you should do, where you should start, and who you should talk 
to, and it can be as simple as a SAM.gov registration and 
getting your CAC and your UEI to inputting a SPUR score into 
PIEE, into determining which agencies and departments are 
actually buying products and services that you have to offer.
    And then you are asked to write a multivolume proposal to 
respond to an RFP or a solicitation and there's--you know, 
unless you hire somebody to specifically do that, you know, 
you're relying on your own skills.
    So, in my mind it's almost like trying to eat an elephant 
and trying to figure out where to start. And there's multiple 
access points but I think that the enormity of the information 
is definitely a barrier to a small business owner.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. And specifically, you know, do you feel that 
veteran-owned small businesses face those same challenges to a 
greater or lesser degree or about the same?
    Mr. TELLIER. I think that--I think veteran-owned, veteran 
businesses have the same challenges as small business owners. I 
would like potentially see, you know, and there's been lots of 
testimony about the different set-asides and small business 
goals and diverse goals.
    But really I think veteran businesses, if we had more 
access to capital and the ability to fund, and it doesn't have 
be an insurmountable amount of money, but, you know, right now 
we help veterans, you know, buy homes. Could we help them 
subside a business venture? And then talent and finding people 
and getting them to participate in your business.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. Thank you so much. And in my remaining time, 
Ms. Brown, I actually wanted to ask you a couple of follow-up 
questions. I appreciate your testimony so much and your 
incredible service to our country through your family, all of 
you, your incredible service.
    And I wanted to go back to something you said that just the 
remarkably high unemployment rates among military spouses and 
how you said that you contributed generally to an overall sense 
of instability and military readiness. I can see clearly how 
that could be the case.
    I am wondering if you could share, you know, a few stories 
to help us for the record here as we continue to look for ways 
to support heroes like you?
    Ms. BROWN. Well, thank you. Thank you for that question. I 
can certainly share my own personal story, but I have many 
others. I was a small business owner here in Washington, D.C., 
on that fateful day that I met what would become my husband a 
year later. He received orders overseas to take command and I 
had to exit my business.
    So, I exited my business at a loss and then moved overseas 
and found myself unemployed and unemployable. I can tell you 
that while I proudly served alongside and supported my 
husband's service to the nation, you can't help but have it 
impact your marriage when you are, you know, trying to find a 
job and you can't find one and you have no place or purpose and 
money is tight and then kids come along.
    So, I do think it impacts marriage and we know 
statistically that it impacts retention and recruitment and I 
think that all we're, you know, really looking for is an 
opportunity, a seat at the table. And when I noticed other 
military spouses that were unemployed like me, it became my 
goal to then help them. Look, you have a college education, you 
have a skillset, you have a passion, turn that into a business. 
Right?
    You're a teacher, licensed, you can't get a job teaching, 
I'm going to help you turn it into a business. And we've done 
that over and over and over again. So, it's been an absolute 
honor, some of the stories and people that we've helped have 
just--could write a book about it.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. Thank you. Thank you.
    Ms. BROWN. Sorry, I went over.
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. No. That is very, very helpful testimony. I 
really appreciate you being here today. Thank you.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The lady----
    Ms. SCHOLTEN. I yield back.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The lady yields back. I now recognize the 
distinguish Chairman Van Orden for 5 minutes for questions.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Hayduk, you have been very clear that you have not come 
here to criticize these federal programs and I would like to 
take that burden for you.
    You sat here and you are--I mean it is amazing that you are 
praising the acumen of the government of the State of New York 
and their ability to make sure that veterans are employed in 
comparison to the federal government, which is--without using 
vulgarity I don't know how to describe the federal government's 
process at this point.
    So, I just want to ask some stuff. Ranking Member Levin and 
I were responsible for the Transition Assistance Program. And 
that is how I have chosen to try to prevent veteran suicide, 
taking people that are productive members of the military and 
then immediately transition them to productive members of 
society writ large as civilians. I think we are going to, if 
that 24-month window where our men and women decide to take a 
permanent solution to a temporary problem.
    And so, I really want to know, I am going to ask all three 
of you this, how do you think that Mike and I can change the 
Transition Assistance Program using your subject matter 
expertise? Because we don't have to ask the DoD. We can tell 
them.
    What could we possibly do if you could just have a couple 
suggestions that Mike and I can take back to our Subcommittee 
and put that into the TAP program so that we can help our 
veterans become productive members of society. And I would like 
to write these down if that is okay, Mr. Belknap?
    Mr. BELKNAP. Sure. Thank you for this opportunity. You 
know, thank you, Congressman, for this opportunity. You know, a 
couple thoughts. Number one is transition program that you help 
found is amazing and an incredible service to our departing 
veterans from the service and transitioning into the commercial 
world.
    You know, I mentioned, I talked about the mentorship and 
how that helped me find a job, a corporate job after I exited. 
I would suggest that a similar way can happen with encouraging 
veterans to become entrepreneurs after they leave as well. And 
what that takes is a couple things.
    It takes, number one, their realization that it's another 
way to serve their country for all the right reasons. We need a 
strong industrial base and they're contributing to our security 
in another manner.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Sir, I do not mean to cut you short.
    Mr. BELKNAP. Oh, sure.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. But the coach there is going to whap me with 
that gavel if we don't hit it. So, I have small business 
mentorship.
    Mr. BELKNAP. Sorry.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. So, do you have another suggestion?
    Mr. BELKNAP. Yes. So, the mentorship is huge and letting--
informing, encouraging veterans that there is another way to 
serve their country.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Very well.
    Mr. BELKNAP. That is huge.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Mr. Hayduk, do you have any specific 
recommendations for Ranking Member Levin and I to bring into 
the TAP program?
    Mr. HAYDUK. With respect to transition you are talking 
about?
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. That is correct, sir.
    Mr. HAYDUK. I really don't know what the answer to that is. 
It is one of the things I discussed with Mr. LaLota's staff 
when they called and I spoke with them. It's a vexing problem, 
especially in the case of a professional practice.
    But I do think that there should be some consideration of 
being allowed to keep the designation of SDVOB going for a 
significant period of time that could allow the firm to 
continue to exist both to members of the family and/or to 
others that you may have started to transition into.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Sir, thank you very much.
    I would like to give Ms. Brown a minute. Ma'am?
    Ms. BROWN. Thank you for that question. Yes. I absolutely--
so what you refer to, Derrick, is a sense of purpose. I sort of 
feel like that is what we do is we are helping people find 
their sense of purpose after service. First of all, I've been 
to TAPS. I've been--they do offer an optional session on 
entrepreneurship.
    In my experience, whether it's good or not totally depends 
on who is teaching it. I've literally been in one, ended up 
stepping up and teaching the class myself because the person 
that was assigned to teach it had never started a business and 
didn't really know what they were talking about.
    They were regurgitating government programs that were 
available. Well, that's great and all well and good, but when 
you're boots on the ground, you've got to make payroll, you 
really--you need real-world answers and solutions.
    So, my suggestion is engage. The government needs to engage 
with organizations that are doing the work on the ground. 
Right? There needs to be more of that collaboration. We're cut 
off.
    The SBA just launched a Pathways to Business for military 
spouses. And I mean, nothing against my SBA partners, but they 
are--it is not well attended and it's not--so why would they do 
that?
    The last thing really quick. Post the G.I. Bill, okay, not 
all veterans and their family members want to go to college. 
Right? Please start the conversation. Iver 80 percent of our 
business owners right now, veteran-owned are over 70 years old.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Ms. Brown, my time has expired.
    Ms. BROWN. Thank you.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. I yield back.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The gentleman yields back.
    I now recognized distinguished Ranking Member Mike Levin 
for 5 minutes of questions.
    Mr. LEVIN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. And I just want to 
associate myself with Chairman Van Orden's question and 
obviously look forward to working together to figure this out.
    Ms. Brown, I want to thank you for everything that your 
company is doing, so much great stuff here, but I wanted to ask 
a couple specifics.
    One about younger veterans, so a recent SBA report 
indicated that millennial veterans are less likely to start new 
businesses than non-millennial veterans. What do you think we 
need to do to ensure that younger veterans are starting small 
businesses?
    Ms. BROWN. Another great question. So, millennial spouses 
are more likely to start a business than millennial veterans. 
Okay. So, I would argue, again, it's a family affair, as you 
described. Engage with those spouses.
    Military spouses, whether veteran or Active Duty, make, we 
all know, the majority of final decisions, housing decisions, 
school decisions for military families. We are missing, we are 
coming in the 9th inning when it comes to engaging military 
spouses.
    And again, the way to do that is not to create yet another 
government program necessarily, but really engage and get 
advice from those of us that have been doing it for almost 13 
years. So, I think that's a huge part of it and the younger 
ones are--you know, they have a lot of advantages that the 
older folks like me in my 60s didn't.
    We didn't have access to the internet or eComm and all that 
come of stuff. That's really what they're gravitating toward. 
So, build the TAP program and that training program to be 
meaningful to them. Right? To meet them where they are, that's 
my advice.
    Mr. LEVIN. Yeah, any idea on further specifics? You know, 
obviously we really appreciate the feedback.
    Good segue to my next question, which is about military 
spouses. We have been pushing the Bureau of Labor Statistics to 
work with the DOD to better track monthly employment data for 
military spouses over time similar to the data they collect on 
veterans.
    We don't currently have reliable monthly data on miliary 
spousal employment. So, it is hard to track the success or 
failure of policies to support them. Can you share--and I know 
you work with tons of spouses. Can you share what barriers the 
spouses are facing when they are trying to start a new 
business?
    Ms. BROWN. Well, as I mentioned before, access to capital 
being embraces by the federal government since that's 
definitely something that you can affect, but really at the end 
of the day it is a network. We've been training, like I said, 
tens of thousands for more than 12 years.
    What we hear afterwards, those that graduate from our 
program, it's not just the quantifiable impact that we've made, 
right, helping them get started, make money. But it's the 
qualitative impact. They feel like they belong to a community. 
They're not afraid to, you know, move into becoming an 
entrepreneur, creating that kind of support system is 
overwhelming what we get from them that that's what mattered.
    It was almost for them that impact was greater than making 
money. And oftentimes these are just kitchen table small 
businesses. They just want to bring in enough money so they can 
make a car payment, maybe go on a family vacation.
    We're not talking about the next Microsoft, although we do 
have military spouse businesses that are in the--you know, a 
lot of money, over millions, tens of millions, hundreds of 
millions of dollars. So, they are out there.
    So, I hope did that answer your question?
    Mr. LEVIN. That is helpful. I am going to turn to Mr. 
Tellier.
    Can he hear me, maybe? There he is. Hello, can you hear me? 
Maybe not. I think we are having communication trouble with Mr. 
Tellier.
    Mr. TELLIER. I can.
    Mr. LEVIN. Oh, there. Can you hear me?
    Mr. TELLIER. I can hear you.
    Mr. LEVIN. All right. I will go----
    Mr. TELLIER. Yes, sir.
    Mr. LEVIN.--fast as I can.
    Mr. TELLIER. I can hear you.
    Mr. LEVIN. So, your company is a service-disabled veteran-
owned small business helping other businesses obtain contracts 
with the federal government. Congress passed a law late last 
year eliminating the ability of a small business to self 
certify that it meets all the requirements of a service-
disabled, veteran-owned small business.
    So, a question for you is have you heard any concerns about 
SBA requiring businesses to submit their request for 
certification by December, this December when the SBA currently 
has no process to allow service-disabled veteran-owned small 
businesses to submit an application.
    Mr. TELLIER. Yes. It's problematic if you're requiring 
certification and the body is--the agency does not have a 
mechanism for you to certify. I went through certification----
    Mr. LEVIN. I am out of time. Maybe we can take this back 
for the record and work on it. And I appreciate it and yield 
back.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The gentleman yields back.
    And now I recognize Representative Maloy from the great 
state of Utah for 5 minutes.
    Ms. MALOY. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I am a Member of the Small Business Committee, so I am 
interested in keeping main streets vibrant and economies 
vibrant. I am also interested in supporting veterans so they 
can thrive after service and military families, they can thrive 
during service.
    I am not a veteran. Two of my four brothers are. And I have 
watched my family go through multiple deployments. I have seen 
my brothers navigate two very different educational situations, 
one educated by the military, the other one having his 
education constantly interrupted by deployments. And I have 
watched my two sisters-in-law navigate very different family 
situations during service.
    And so, I want to say thank you for being here. Thank you 
for talking about this. It is really important. We thank 
veterans for their service all the time and I think one of the 
best ways we can thank veterans for their service and their 
families for their sacrifice is to make sure that you can 
thrive in our economy.
    So, since this is something that my colleague, Mr. Van 
Orden has a lot more experience with and I know he had 
questions he didn't get to, I am going to yield the rest of my 
time to him to follow up with you on the rest of the questions 
he has so that we can get the right answers. Thank you.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The gentlelady yields.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. All right. Thank you, gentlelady.
    As I said, Mr. Levin and I are on the Economic Opportunity 
Subcommittee for the VA, Mr. Hayduk, and what we have noticed 
is that the VA is at its core the bureaucracy is incredibly 
incompetent. I get all my healthcare through the VA, including 
these raging glasses.
    And everybody that claims that VA facility, the folks that 
check you in on the desk and provide medical care are aces. 
They are just--I am so proud of them. But when we get up to 
D.C., it becomes convoluted.
    So, the VA is so dysfunctional that veteran suicide is 
increasing although we have given them $120 billion since 9-11. 
So, they recognize their dysfunction and they started something 
called the Staff Sergeant Fox Grant Program, where we give the 
VA money, and then they find organizations that are functional 
and they give the money that we give them to the organizations 
that are actually doing the work.
    And although I do not encourage this, I would not like to 
be an enabler, I am wondering if the small business--the SBA 
were to have a program like that was specifically designed to 
cater directly to veteran-owned businesses as a clearinghouse 
to kind of skip all the rest of this noise and the static that 
we hear.
    Do you think that that would be beneficial to you guys? I 
will start with you, Mr. Belknap.
    Mr. BELKNAP. I can see some--I can see some benefits to 
doing that, certainly. I think that a lot of this is awareness. 
Veterans, you have to make veterans aware of the programs that 
are out there. There are enormous amounts of opportunities, you 
know, SBA, SBDC, VOPC, et cetera.
    So, they need some awareness to it and they also need some 
more awareness to some of the civilian organizations that offer 
free counseling and facilitation of veterans to start business, 
like NSVA, like National Veterans Small Business Coalition, I'm 
on the board of both of them. You know, somebody asked me for a 
scholarship to join an organization, as a Board Member I 
wouldn't hesitate to help him. And I know others feel the same 
way.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Mr. Hayduk?
    Mr. HAYDUK. I believe that this falls right into a project 
that we have a proposal into the VA right now for privatization 
of the operation and maintenance of the VA wastewater treatment 
facilities at Northport.
    I was in government for a 5-year stint as the commissioner 
of Public Works, as the Chairman had mentioned. And I think 
that there are many ways in which the private sector could do 
some of the work that government does better than the 
government does, and there some things that we shouldn't be 
involved in, but I do think that there are things like that 
that would work very well.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. I would love to follow up with you. Ms. 
Brown, do you think that it would be beneficial if the SBA had 
a cadre of people that are specifically assigned to helping 
military veterans and after duty servicemen and -women to get 
grants and facilitate starting and running small businesses, 
ma'am?
    Ms. BROWN. And military spouse, of course.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Of course.
    Ms. BROWN. Absolutely.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Yeah. I am married to one or was. I mean, I 
am still married to her, but I am not in the military any 
longer. Did you hear that, Sarah? Write that down.
    Ms. BROWN. That's called a veteran spouse. And yes, 
absolutely. I mean I--again nothing against and I work closely 
with the SBA's Office of Veteran Business Development. I have 
applied multiple times to be on their advisory council and have 
been turned down every time. As far as I know they've never had 
a military spouse on that. So, that's one issue.
    I also, again as I mentioned, there are the majority of--
sorry, I'm looking at the time. To answer your question, yes. 
First of all, they need to be turning to the experts. Right.
    Mr. VAN ORDEN. Yep. Ms. Brown, my time has expired. I will 
take that as yes. I appreciate that greatly.
    Mr. Chair, I yield back.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The lady and gentleman yield back.
    I now recognize Representative McGarvey from the great 
state of Kentucky for 5 minutes.
    Mr. MCGARVEY. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. It is great to be 
here today. I have the honor of serving on both of these 
Committees, Small Business and Veterans. I am thrilled we are 
meeting together and not just simply at the same time. It is 
great to see this because I am going to take a little different 
tact here.
    I think between the Small Business and the Veterans we are 
hearing about this a lot, but there is really a lot of synergy 
that we can create between these two Committees and what we are 
seeing with veteran entrepreneurs and veterans and what we are 
seeing that makes the small business community great. Because I 
know I am a little bit preaching to the choir here, but small 
businesses not just are the backbones of our economy, they are 
the ones who are spearheading innovation in this country. They 
produce 14 times more patents than large businesses and 
universities and they employ nearly 40 percent of America's 
scientists and engineers.
    Now, of course, why are they more innovative? They are more 
innovative in large part because they are more agile than these 
larger companies. They have the incredible ability to execute 
new ideas quickly.
    And I think these two Committees should consider how we 
build the best qualities of small business, especially that 
innovation, into federal agencies. And I think we should start 
with not just veterans but the Veterans Health Administration.
    The VA should embrace the opportunities to leverage small 
innovative business solutions that can expand and go beyond 
contracting preferences and entrepreneurship programs we have 
heard about today. We should give the VA a fifth mission, 
innovation. Think about it. The VA is the largest integrated 
healthcare system in the country. It serves over 9 million 
veterans, caregivers, and survivors.
    The VA is also a massive medical research institution with 
billions, billions in both public and private funding each 
year, spearheading discoveries in health impacts of things like 
toxic exposure, brain injury, and trauma, as well as developing 
novel treatments for a variety of cancers and other chronic 
health conditions.
    VA is also our largest medical training organization, 
training more than 75 percent of practicing clinicians in this 
country. But the VA cannot do this alone. There needs to be a 
complementary relationship between small businesses and large 
systems like the VA. One brings agility, the other brings 
scale.
    So, Mr. Tellier, if the VA adopted innovation as a fifth 
mission that was empowered to develop and invest in solutions 
with small businesses more effectively especially service-
disabled, veteran-owned small businesses who know the veteran 
and caregiver challenges best, what would that mean for the 
SDVOSBs?
    Mr. TELLIER. I think it's another opportunity for them to 
pursue a federal contract especially with, you know, being 
technology related. And there are several programs out there 
right now, the small business innovation and research grants 
that could be a model that you could use to develop 
opportunities for SDVOSBs to partner and pursue technology 
opportunities.
    Mr. MCGARVEY. Just a follow-up question because those 
traditional far-based acquisition, it offers helpful service-
disabled veteran-owned small businesses preferences, sole-
source and set-aside options, but those preferences are still 
difficult to understand, access, and navigate.
    What are some of the hardships that veteran-owned small 
businesses face when seeking out a partnership with the federal 
government?
    Mr. TELLIER. They don't necessarily understand what the 
requirements are. And if they--if the requirements are well-
documented, in many cases they don't have the depth and breadth 
of providing the entire solution.
    And so I think it was mentioned earlier that SDVOSBs in 
many case can't pursue super large, very large contracts, and 
so maybe if we take bite-size pieces in terms of scale and 
deployability that might be a better course of action.
    Mr. MCGARVEY. Thank you. And just with the 30 seconds we 
have got left, Mr. Belknap, I will ask you the same question 
about those SDVOSBs. What are some of the hardships they face 
when seeking out these partnerships with the federal 
government?
    Mr. BELKNAP. Certainly, you know, access to capital is one 
of them that has to be overcome. The second thing is, you know, 
in seeking federal government contracts I have run across a 
number of conditions where there wasn't funding for it, so when 
I am sure there is funding for the contract or for the 
initiative to come to fruition.
    Mr. MCGARVEY. Thank you so much. Mr. Chairman, I yield 
back.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The gentleman yields back. I now recognize 
Representative Chu from the great state of California for 5 
minutes.
    Ms. CHU. Thank you. And I would like to address this to 
Lieutenant Tellier. Lieutenant Tellier----
    Mr. TELLIER. Yes.
    Ms. CHU. Yeah. Okay. Good. Great. You mentioned that many 
important initiatives catered specifically to veterans 
sometimes reach veterans too late when they have been out of 
service for years or even decades, when they have already been 
rejected for lines of credit, or when their business have gone 
under. Can you talk more about the importance of reaching 
veterans who have long since transitioned from Active Duty? 
What are some ways that we can better reach this population?
    Mr. TELLIER. You know, that's a great question. And I've 
observed this just recently where a veteran and a servicemember 
who spent 30 years in the service, you know, retired and then 
what they do is they find themselves on an island, if you will.
    And I think if you look at the age and demographics of the 
VA, the VFWs, American Legions, Moose, you know, their 
memberships are dwindling and so the isolation is not 
intentional. It's just we have an esprit de corps and a support 
network while we're in the service and then that disappears 
when we exit.
    So, I think networking and finding partners that can reach 
those veterans and whether they're starting a business or 
they're just trying to integrate themselves back into the 
community is a great start and once we can connect with them, 
then we can educate, aware, mentor, and then help them whether 
they are starting a business or they're trying to be a 
productive member in the community. And I think it also has an 
impact on suicide.
    Ms. CHU. Thank you for that. Lieutenant Tellier, last year 
the SBA established the L.A. regional Veterans Business 
Outreach Center at Long Beach City College, which was the first 
VBOC in Los Angeles County. This was actually a great step 
forward because before that the closest center to my district 
was hours away in San Diego.
    But while Long Beach is still a long drive for my 
constituents, we do have two small business development 
centers, or SBDCs, within our district, each with great 
relationships with the community.
    How can the Veterans Business Outreach Centers, who help 
administer this transition assistance program better, 
coordinate with SBDCs to serve veterans, particularly in areas 
that may not have a close-by center?
    Mr. TELLIER. I think with the technology and I'm 
definitely--because I called in for Zoom, I think the VBOCs, 
you know, should develop partnerships with the SBDCs and make 
sure that the growth groups and the people handling the 
finances, the business plans are aware of veterans and 
opportunities to connect. And we can do it virtually. Also, I 
think it's a responsibility for veterans who are pursuing 
businesses to seek out these types of resources and I also 
throw the APEX in there as maybe a common glue.
    And so, if we're all kind of working together towards a 
common goal of helping veteran entrepreneurs I think that's a 
good way to do it, and they don't necessarily have to come face 
to face. We can do it virtually.
    Ms. CHU. Got it. Lieutenant Tellier, as a small business 
owner yourself, who is a veteran and someone who provides 
assistance to so many small businesses, can you talk about the 
obstacles you have seen veterans encounter in accessing 
capital?
    This is why I am a big proponent of community advantage 
which specifically serves veteran-owned businesses. It helps 
fill in the gaps. But can you talk more about these obstacles?
    Mr. TELLIER. Absolutely. And the SBDC was actually 
instrumental in us achieving a line of credit where they 
actually helped us interview perspective financial institutions 
and then ultimately make a decision on a line of credit.
    But, you know, when you exit the service and as been 
mentioned earlier that, you know, you don't have a very big war 
chest. I moved 8 times in 11 years, didn't have a lot of money 
when we came out of the service, and so if you go into a 
lending institution that's going to be tough.
    If you're going into some of the trades or construction, 
you need bonding and so there's a lot of financial barriers 
that you--that preclude you from pursing contracts----
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The gentleman's time is up.
    Mr. TELLIER.--because you're unable to do that.
    Ms. CHU. Thank you. I yield back.
    Mr. WILLIAMS. The lady yields back.
    I would like to thank our witnesses today for your 
testimony and for appearing. We appreciate you coming here. And 
thank you for your service, all of you.
    And without objection, the Members have 5 legislative days 
to submit additional materials and written questions for the 
witnesses to the Chair which will be forwarded to the 
witnesses. I ask the witnesses to please respond promptly if 
that happens.
    And if there is no further business, without objection, the 
Committee is adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 12:22 p.m., the subcommittees were 
adjourned.]
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