    [Senate Hearing 117-533]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

                                                           S. Hrg. 117-533

                         OVERSIGHT OF THE UNITED STATES
                                 CAPITOL POLICE

    =======================================================================

                                    HEARING

                                   BEFORE THE

                     COMMITTEE ON RULES AND ADMINISTRATION
                              UNITED STATES SENATE

                        ONE HUNDRED SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS

                                 SECOND SESSION

                                   __________

                               DECEMBER 19, 2022

                                   __________

        Printed for the use of the Committee on Rules and Administration

    [GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

                      Available on http://www.govinfo.gov

                                   __________

                        U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE
    50-218                      WASHINGTON : 2023

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                     COMMITTEE ON RULES AND ADMINISTRATION

                                 SECOND SESSION

                      AMY KLOBUCHAR, Minnesota, Chairwoman

    DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California         ROY BLUNT, Missouri
    CHARLES E. SCHUMER, New York         MITCH McCONNELL, Kentucky
    MARK R. WARNER, Virginia             RICHARD SHELBY, Alabama
    PATRICK J. LEAHY, Vermont            TED CRUZ, Texas
    ANGUS S. KING, JR., Maine            SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West
    JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon                     Virginia
    ALEX PADILLA, California             ROGER WICKER, Mississippi
    JON OSSOFF, Georgia                  DEB FISCHER, Nebraska
                                         CINDY HYDE-SMITH, Mississippi
                                         BILL HAGERTY, Tennessee

                        Elizabeth Peluso, Staff Director
                   Rachelle Graves, Republican Staff Director

                             C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                                  ----------
                                                                      Pages

                             Opening Statement of:

    Hon. Amy Klobuchar, Chairwoman, a United States Senator from the
      State of Minnesota.............................................     1
    Hon. Roy Blunt, a United States Senator from the State of
      Missouri.......................................................     4
    J. Thomas Manger, Chief of Police, United States Capitol Police,
      Washington, DC.................................................     8

                             Prepared Statement of:

    J. Thomas Manger, Chief of Police, United States Capitol Police,
      Washington, DC.................................................    22

                      Questions Submitted for the Record:

    Hon. Amy Klobuchar, Chairwoman, a United States Senator from the
      State of Minnesota to J. Thomas Manger, Chief of Police, United
      States Capitol Police, Washington, DC..........................    36
    Hon. Dianne Feinstein, a United States Senator from the State of
      California to J. Thomas Manger, Chief of Police, United States
      Capitol Police, Washington, DC.................................    37
    Hon. Mark Warner, a United States Senator from the State of
      Virginia to J. Thomas Manger, Chief of Police, United States
      Capitol Police, Washington, DC.................................    41
    Hon. Shelley Capito, a United States Senator from the State of
      West Virginia to J. Thomas Manger, Chief of Police, United
      States Capitol Police, Washington, DC..........................    43

                 OVERSIGHT OF THE UNITED STATES CAPITOL POLICE

                                  ----------

                           MONDAY, DECEMBER 19, 2022

                                   United States Senate
                          Committee on Rules and Administration
                                                         Washington, DC
        The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 3:32 p.m., in
    Room 301, Russell Senate Office Building, Hon. Amy Klobuchar,
    Chairwoman of the Committee, presiding.
        Present: Senators Klobuchar, Blunt, King, Ossoff, Wicker,
    and Fischer.

      OPENING STATEMENT OF HONORABLE AMY KLOBUCHAR, CHAIRWOMAN, A
           UNITED STATES SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF MINNESOTA

        Chairwoman Klobuchar. I call the Committee to order. It is
    wonderful to be here for the last hearing with my close friend,
    Ranking Member Blunt.
        I am going to say a few words about him shortly. But it is
    fitting, I would say, that we are ending with this important
    oversight hearing of the Capitol Police, because it has defined
    so much of our work during the last two years, and we are
    forever grateful to the men and women of the Capitol Police.
        It is a part, I know, of Senator Blunt's job that he has
    always liked. You will always find him, as you know Chief, with
    the officers. During the holiday season, you will find him with
    them every step of the way.
        It was my privilege to see the officers and their families
    presented with the Congressional Gold Medal earlier this month
    for their courage defending our democracy on January 6th.
    Senator Blunt and I led the bill, and we are very excited that
    we have had the honor of the Congressional Gold Medal being
    bestowed upon the police.
        Next month will mark two years since January 6th, since the
    peaceful transfer of power that historically we have seen that
    day, the Electoral Count Act day when the ballots are counted
    from each state, when we saw this disrupted with an
    insurrection.
        As we know it was more than an assault on a building, it
    was an assault on our democracy, and it was an actual life and
    death situation for so many of our officers on duty that day.
        As we have heard testimony in our joint hearings with the
    Homeland Security Committee that we all took part in, our
    officers performed heroically under unimaginable circumstances,
    suffering many injuries and in some cases, loss of life.
        Tragically, five officers passed away following the attack.
    Capitol Police Officer Brian Sicknick died the next day. Four
    other officers died in the days and months that followed,
    Capitol Police Officer Howard Liebengood and DC Metropolitan
    Police Officers Jeffrey Smith, Gunther Hashida, and Kyle
    DeFreytag.
        Many more suffered injuries and even more suffered
    emotional trauma that day. Later that spring, we also lost
    Officer Billy Evans, who gave his life defending our Capitol
    right there at the front Senate gate. Many of us remember Billy
    personally, and I have been honored to get to know his family
    and his kids.
        We owe it to the officers who stand in defense of the
    Capitol to make sure that they have the resources and support
    they need. I want to acknowledge, first of all, the
    Department's work to expand mental health support for officers,
    including establishing the Howard Liebengood Center for
    Wellness after we passed funding for it in last year's
    emergency appropriations legislation.
        After that heroic day, Senator Blunt and I, as I mentioned,
    worked with Senator Portman and Senator Peters to hold hearings
    and issue a bipartisan report with the Homeland Security
    Committee with recommendations that could be implemented
    without delay. This is our sixth hearing on Capitol security
    during this Congress.
        Significant progress has been made to implement our
    recommendations for the entities charged with protecting the
    Capitol. The majority have been put into effect entirely, as
    well as more than 75 percent of the Capitol Police Inspector
    General's 103 recommendations.
        Through these efforts, the Department has improved its
    handling of intelligence by hiring a new Intelligence Director
    and sharing information with rank and file officers,
    prioritized operational planning by requiring plans for large
    scale events, and used the resources in last year's emergency
    appropriations legislation to ensure officers have the training
    and the equipment that they need.
        We will never forget the stories of the riot gear left in
    the buses locked. We will never forget the stories of what a
    high percentage--and of course, you were not chief then--but
    what a high percentage of our officers were not equipped with
    riot gear.
        In fact, the people attacking them in some cases had gear
    that they did not even have themselves. The Department also
    faced the difficult task of confronting a shortfall in officers
    since January 6th, which placed even more pressure on those
    protecting our Capitol. I appreciate your work, Chief, to take
    this on head on to restore morale and confidence in your ranks.
        I still remember when I knew that the morale was improving
    about six months after the attack. I remember how difficult it
    was in those weeks and months afterwards. But about six months
    after the attack, I was outside in the parking area and I was
    standing there and one of the officers was talking to me, and
    one of your other officers was on bike patrol and he put up his
    megaphone and he said, Officer, the name of the guy I was
    talking to, ``do you need backup? Do you need backup?''
        I thought at that moment, whatever is going on, there has
    been some improvement in morale that people can once again have
    a little moment of fun and appreciate the surroundings that
    they are in. As I have told your officers, including last week,
    they are the ones that are on the front line every single day
    for our safety and also the front line of what visitors to the
    Capitol see.
        Your efforts have paid off, Chief, as the Department met
    its goal to hire 280 officers this year and is on track to do
    the same next year. Your work to recruit more officers and
    overcome attrition has been integral to reopening the Capitol.
    We have had tour groups back for nearly nine months now, and
    the Capitol Visitor Center reopened about seven months ago.
        Just last week, another entrance to the Senate office
    buildings opened, and we will open at least one more in January
    when the public galleries are planned to be open as well. We
    know it has been long, long in coming, but we understand your
    plan to ensure our safety and slowly and surely open up some of
    these areas because we could not do it all at once and we still
    cannot do every single thing we were doing before. There has
    been significant progress, but there is also much more to do.
        I know you know in that one of those goals is to confront
    the dramatic rise in threats targeting Members of Congress.
    While the Department has hired more threat assessment agents
    and opened two field offices to counter these threats, more
    must be done.
        Chief, I know you have presented a proposal to the Capitol
    Police Board laying out resources that the Department needs to
    be effective given the current threat landscape to ensure
    Members are safe when they are away from the Capitol.
        One of the things we also talked about in that last meeting
    that Senator Blunt and I attended was about the prosecution of
    these cases, which is not under your purview, one thing that is
    not, but making sure that they occur, and I have already
    contacted the Justice Department about that.
        Another thing we should do without delay is to pass my
    bipartisan proposal with Senator Cruz to provide for the
    removal of Members of Congress private information from the
    internet, similar to a provision for Federal judges that was
    just included in the NDAA, and I continue to work to get this
    done by the end of the year. I look forward to hearing from you
    today, Chief.
        Now, before I turn it over to Senator Blunt, I wanted to
    talk a little bit about his work and recognize the importance
    of his service, not just to this Committee, but really to our
    Capitol and to our country.
        Through our work leading the Rules Committee, sometimes he
    has been Chair, sometimes I have been Chair. Sometimes it just
    does not matter who is Chair because we work together so well.
    I have gotten to see firsthand Chairman Blunt, former Chairman,
    now Ranking Member Blunt's deep respect for our Constitution,
    for the Senate, and our democracy.
        As a former top election official in Missouri, Senator
    Blunt's experience benefited our Committee as we worked to
    support the work of election administrators, including
    highlighting the rise in threats in the hearing we did last
    year. Since coming to the Senate, Senator Blunt's love for this
    institution has come through in his efforts to make this a
    better place to work.
        That includes not okaying every request we get from every
    Member, but whenever we can, we try to do that. It includes
    joining with me to reform the outdated process of reporting and
    handling sexual harassment claims on Capitol Hill. Many great
    improvements were made that have been helpful for this
    institution.
        It includes updating the rules for new parents when we
    worked to ensure that Senator Duckworth and future parents can
    bring their babies to the Senate floor. He has also been a
    great partner to me on many other issues, including we co-
    chaired the Travel and Tourism Caucus and passed Brand USA
    several times. He co-chaired the Adoption Caucus with me. We
    got a number of bills passed over the years. He himself, the
    parent of adopted child Charlie Blunt, that he loves so much,
    and he has taken that heart and put it into that issue as well.
        Above all else, Senator Blunt's career here has been
    defined by service. He is more interested in getting things
    done than getting the accolades. Although I know talking to
    your wife, Abby, there have been a lot of accolades in recent
    months, buildings named after you, airports named after you,
    all well-deserved.
        But what I will most remember about Senator Blunt is that
    moment on January 6th, when it was just the two of us and Vice
    President Pence walking through that corridor that in the
    morning had been a place of celebration, walking through the
    broken glass, the spray painted columns to do our jobs.
        When we came back at--then it was about 4:30 in the
    morning, when it was all done and democracy had prevailed, he
    and I decided to go downstairs to look at the damage to the
    Parliamentarian office and other offices. It was a horrendous
    sight, pictures broken, their own personal belongings all over
    the floor.
        We knew then that our work had not ended really that day,
    but our work had just begun to protect the security of the
    Capitol. But I most remember in a typical Roy Blunt way, as we
    walked out of that office and the sun is coming out, he turns
    to me in all seriousness and says, ``well, see you tomorrow.''
        I said, ``tomorrow is here, but I will.'' I think that is
    what we say to Senator Blunt today, that we will see you
    tomorrow and we will see you many days to come. And we are all
    so excited that Senator Fischer will actually become the
    Ranking Member. She and I get along very well.
        She had asked me to be her Democratic mentor, whatever that
    meant, when she came to the Senate. I tried my best, and we are
    really excited that she is going to be filling in here and
    becoming the Ranking Member.
        But Roy, we are all going to miss you. I know Angus came in
    specifically to recognize your work, and we thank you, Roy, for
    all you have done and we should give you applause here.
        [Applause.]

       OPENING STATEMENT OF HONORABLE ROY BLUNT, A UNITED STATES
                   SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF MISSOURI

        Senator Blunt. I thank all of you. As Abby Blunt would
    quickly point out, there have been plenty of recognitions for
    me, and she is doing her job to be sure that I keep that in
    some balance by representing the other side of the question of
    how capable I may or may not be. But glad to be here with all
    of you.
        This is a unique Committee, and the opportunity to be so
    involved all the time, and sometimes almost too involved--some
    days just the daily operation of the Senate, it gives those of
    us who have done management things like the Governor and others
    a chance to have a little bit of that management desire
    fulfilled, a chance to really work directly with the Chief, and
    the Librarian of Congress, and the Director of the Smithsonian,
    and unfortunately, the food service companies and the things
    that are--really have been complicated the last few years is
    the visits to the Capitol were dramatically changed when the
    Capitol building itself was not open.
        But I appreciate your kind words. You know, we have served
    on this Committee together, both in 2017 and then dramatically
    in 2021. We were two of the four people that joined first Vice
    President Biden in 2017 and then by Vice President Pence in
    2021 to go through the process of certifying the election.
        Then only a few days later, two weeks in fact later, in
    2021, at the exact same location where our great Capitol Police
    force and Metropolitan Police force had been trying to defend
    the Capitol and did defend the Capitol, we were out there where
    we should be for the whole world to watch the peaceful
    transition of power.
        From that day, I was the Chairman at that event, and the
    Chairman has some gavels to use that day as necessary. Here is
    one for you, and the base says the 59th Presidential
    Inauguration, January 20, 2021.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Thank you.
        Senator Blunt. As you pointed out, we worked on so many
    things, it has almost made the work of this Committee seamless.
    We go from two or three different issues. We are working on
    from adoption to travel, to visa to commerce all at once, and
    we have been great friends and I look forward to that continued
    friendship with you and others on the Rules Committee.
        I have been Chairman twice--let's see, I was Chairman, then
    Senator Shelby was Chairman, then I was Chairman again. It has
    been great to work with you in this divided Congress as you
    become Chairwoman. I know I am leaving the Committee in good
    hands as Senator Fischer moves into the position of Ranking
    Member at the beginning of the next Congress.
        She has been a Member of the Rules Committee since she came
    to Congress after the 2012 election, and I feel confident that
    the two of you are going to do great things for the Senate and
    the people who work here.
        One of the most important functions, of course, is our
    relationship with the police, the Capitol Police, who every
    Member of Congress sees multiple times every day from the
    moment we walk in, as a matter of fact usually before we walk
    in, until the moment we walk out of the building, and then the
    moment we are headed away from the Capitol.
        Chief Manger was hired in the wake of the events of January
    the 6th. He brought incredible experience to this job, having
    been the chief of two of the very biggest neighboring
    jurisdictions. I am eager to hear his assessment of where we
    are on the recommendations we made.
        You know, that coming quickly with our Committee and the
    other oversight committee and having those hearings, having a
    set of recommendations within just a couple of months really of
    the time that we started looking at this. I know one of the
    things we will talk to the chief today is about that.
        Also later this afternoon, you and I--Chairwoman, you and I
    will both be at an event where the 2021 Freedom Award is
    awarded--the 2022 Freedom Award recipients will be awarded, and
    that is the Capitol Police and the Metropolitan Police. Chief
    Manger and Chief Contee will be there to recognize that--and
    accept that recognition. I think that award was started 20
    years ago in 1993.
        That was the 200th anniversary of George Washington laying
    the cornerstone for the Capitol that would be begun here and
    was finished a few years later in Washington. But the Freedom
    Award named for the statue on the top of the Capitol, the
    Statue of Freedom.
        Chief, your officers and the Metropolitan Police officers
    who arrived immediately when called, made an incredible
    difference that day, as they do every day.
        Senator Klobuchar and I and the rest of the Members of the
    Committee are honored to be able to welcome you here today.
    Thank you, Chairwoman.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Very good. Senator Fischer, you want
    to add something? Thank you, Senator Wicker, for being here as
    well.
        Senator Fischer. Thank you, Madam Chair. I want to thank
    Senator Blunt for his time as Chair and Ranking Member of this
    Committee. As the former top election official in Missouri, his
    firsthand knowledge of the elections process was incredibly
    valuable to this Committee.
        Senator Blunt understands every policy issue that comes
    before him with a curious mind and tireless attention to
    detail. He has always been a trusted voice in our conference
    and an exceptional member of leadership.
        As Leader McConnell said earlier this month, Senator Blunt
    has time and again wound up in the middle of high stakes, high
    profile work. Yet he remains the same humble and approachable
    Missourian who first got into this business to help his
    neighbors.
        I want to thank Roy for his work to ensure a smooth
    transition to me as the new Ranking Member on this Committee.
    He has been very helpful in this process, ensuring that both
    the Republican Rules Committee staff and my personal staff have
    the information they need, and that we are all in a position to
    succeed.
        In the video announcing his retirement, Senator Blunt stood
    on the dairy farm where he grew up and said that he planned to
    finish strong, and he certainly has. After 14 general election
    victories and 26 years in Congress, Senator Blunt has a lot to
    be proud of.
        I know we are certainly going to miss him here in the
    Senate. Missourians, Nebraskans, and all Americans are better
    off thanks to his selfless service. Thank you. Good job, Roy.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Really nice. Thank you for mentioning
    Senator Blunt's tremendous staff that really work seamlessly,
    as you noted. Senator Wicker, you want to add anything, and
    then maybe Senator King.
        Senator Wicker. Thank you. Thank you, Madam Chair. I spoke
    from my heart on the Senate floor several days ago after
    Senator Blunt's farewell address.
        Let me just echo what Senator Fischer has said and say how
    fortunate I feel to have served with Roy Blunt, both on this
    Committee, on the Commerce Committee, in the House, and in the
    United States Senate. I got to the House two years before he
    did. I got over here to the Senate a little bit before he did.
    But I was well aware that once he got here, he would
    immediately move into leadership.
        I was tickled to be a part of that little, small cadre of
    people that encouraged Senator Blunt to run for leadership at a
    very early point in his Senate career. Senator Fischer
    mentioned high stakes and high profile moments in quoting our
    distinguished Republican leader.
        It does seem that when fortune smiles on us, whether by
    chance or by providence, the right person happens to be at the
    right place, in the right position, at the right time. I think
    of January 20, 2017, when we showed the world once again what
    President Reagan said was a both profound and commonplace
    moment.
        Commonplace because it occurs every four years. Profound
    because it occurs every four years on the dot. The way our
    friend from Missouri was asked to be in charge of that orderly
    Constitutional transfer of power, and then it happens that our
    friend Roy was called on to be the symbol of that orderly
    Constitutional transfer after a time when the decision was much
    more contentious.
        I cannot think of another fellow citizen of the United
    States who would have been in a better--who would have been
    better capable of carrying that off and making that day once
    again, profound and commonplace. I thank the Chair for
    reminding me earlier today that----
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. He means sending him a text.
        Senator Wicker [continuing]. this was a special command
    performance to me, and I am grateful to her for reminding me.
    Also, I am grateful to both of you for allowing me to remodel
    my committee room before any others. We would not have done it
    without the leadership of these two great friends on the
    Committee.
        Roy, congratulations to you. Surely this is the last time I
    will have to wax sentimental, but it has been a great run. You
    have been a great public servant and will always be my great
    friend.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. All right. Thank you, Senator Wicker,
    for bringing up the inauguration, which I had not, and that was
    an incredible moment. As you mentioned, both inaugurations,
    where Roy just really stood out for his work. Thank you.
    Senator King.
        Senator King. Very briefly, because everything has been
    said, Roy was one of the first people I met when I got here. In
    just a few weeks, I do not even think I had been sworn in yet.
    We had a chat and we found that we were both adoptive parents,
    and we shared the fact that any adoptive parent will tell you
    that you fall in love with those kids just like any other kids.
        How important that--and both in fact adoptive parents of
    children from abroad, and the important thing about making them
    part of our family. Unfortunately, we have not had a chance to
    really work together very much on legislation, but my
    observation of Roy, a couple of points.
        One is the example of leadership is so important. We tend
    to think of leadership as speeches and pushing and amendments
    and arguing and debating. Just the example that you set of
    dignity, common sense, a thoughtfulness has been an example to
    me, and I think it is one that is so important to your
    colleagues. That is one of the reasons you are going to be so
    missed.
        One of the definitions of courage is grace under pressure.
    I think on January 6th, and again on January 21st, which was--
    January 20th, rather, which was not a--it was not a foregone
    conclusion how things were going to go that day, it was your
    grace under pressure, your steadiness, that I think meant so
    much to all of us, but mostly to the country, mostly to the
    country.
        I love Ronald Reagan's comment that it is commonplace is
    profound. Profound because it is commonplace, because what we
    have here is very unusual in human history and it is fragile,
    as we learned.
        Your steadiness and good common sense, goodness, Midwestern
    common sense--I am married to a girl from the Midwest, and she
    reminds me of that, a woman from the Midwest.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. That is okay.
        Senator King. We have been married almost 40 years. Anyway,
    Roy, you have meant so much to all of us, but you have meant so
    much to the country. Thank you deeply for your service.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Very good. Very nice. I actually have
    a picture of us, Roy, that I like because it looks like you are
    maybe thinking, what is she saying? Anyway, it is great. There
    you are. I am now, my job----
        Senator Blunt. Chief, I guess you thought this hearing was
    about you.
        [Laughter.]
        Chairwoman Klobuchar [continuing]. is to introduce Chief
    Manger, the Chief of the United States Capitol Police. He was
    sworn into his current position on July 23, 2021, after a
    distinguished 42 year career in law enforcement--longer than
    Angus has been married--most recently serving for 15 years as
    Chief of Police in Montgomery County, Maryland. Earlier in his
    career, he served as Chief of Police in Fairfax County,
    Virginia, where he rose through the ranks after first joining
    the force following his graduation from the University of
    Maryland.
        I will now swear in the witness. If you would, please stand
    and raise your right hand. Do you swear that the testimony you
    will give before the Committee shall be the truth, the whole
    truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?
        Mr. Manger. I do.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Thank you, Chief. You can be seated,
    and you are recognized for five minutes.

    OPENING STATEMENT OF J. THOMAS MANGER, CHIEF OF POLICE, UNITED
                 STATES CAPITOL POLICE, WASHINGTON, DC

        Mr. Manger. Thank you. Chairwoman Klobuchar, Ranking Member
    Blunt, distinguished Members of the Committee, thank you for
    this opportunity to share with you the many initiatives
    currently underway to strengthen the United States Capitol
    Police Department.
        Having been in this position for nearly a year and a half,
    we now move from fixing the immediate problems identified on
    January 6th and its aftermath, to better positioning the
    Department for the future.
        The USCP's mission is highly complex. To fulfill our
    responsibilities, we need to flexibly--the flexibility to pivot
    seamlessly from our public order responsibilities, to our
    investigative responsibilities, to our protection
    responsibilities.
        My first priority when I arrived here was fixing the
    systemic deficiencies that lay at the root of its operational
    and intelligence capabilities. The Department identified,
    prioritized, and remediated the most significant gaps,
    including those identified by this Committee, such as
    developing Department wide operational plans for special
    events, training and equipping the Civil Disturbance Unit, and
    improving the Department's intelligence gathering and sharing
    capabilities.
        These front burner priorities have largely been remediated.
    In fact, of the 103 inspector general recommendations that came
    out in the flash reports, 70 of them have been closed, with
    most others on a glide path to closure. While certain items
    remain on the Department's post January 6th to do list, we are
    working on three key areas, threat investigations, fully
    reopening the Capitol, and staffing.
        Among the most significant challenges that we are facing is
    the ever changing threat landscape. Hate, intolerance, and
    violence are part of a disturbing trend. This past year, the
    Department saw more than 9,000 threats against Members of
    Congress. The attacks on Representative Lee Zeldin and Paul
    Pelosi, as well as the threats directed toward other Members of
    Congress, are a sad reminder of the extent to which our social
    fabric has frayed.
        Not surprisingly then, the bulk of the Department's current
    efforts are directed to threat assessment and mitigation. These
    efforts include an increase in the number of dignitary
    protection agents, as well as the training of a reserve team to
    supplement protection advance teams, enhance security
    protections for Members, their families, and their homes.
        To that end, the Department has presented a list of
    security recommendations and options to the Capitol Police
    Board and the relevant Appropriations Committees of both
    chambers.
        These recommendations span the gamut of enhanced security
    protections and include the installation of state of the art
    residential security systems for every Member of Congress, the
    creation of a protection operations center, and the expansion
    of memorandums of understanding with local law enforcement
    agencies nationwide.
        With the increase of USCP staffing over the past year, I am
    confident that we are on track to meet our goal of fully
    reopening the Capitol. However, to meet our ever growing
    workload demands, our goal is to increase the sworn police
    staffing to more than 2,000 officers, and our civilian staff to
    over 450 by the end of Fiscal Year 2023.
        Since January 6th, we have hired over 350 new recruits, 175
    of which have graduated from the Academy and are now covering
    posts throughout the Capitol grounds. Our hiring and
    recruitment efforts also include 55 contract Capitol security
    officers, a launch of lateral hiring program, and the payment
    of retention bonuses.
        These enhancements should enable the Department to meet its
    target of fully reopening the Capitol to pre-COVID levels
    within the next three months. As part of the Department's
    continuous transformation, we are working on a Department wide
    reorganization plan.
        Not only is this in response to the recommendations and
    findings of various after action reports, it is also necessary
    to establish a structure that fosters and reinforces
    accountability, internal controls, and employee development. We
    have submitted our proposal to the Board, which is currently
    under review.
        Once approved, it will allow a number of senior leadership
    positions to be filled. Our ability to enhance the protection
    of Members and their families is part of a holistic law
    enforcement and investigative process. It is not enough just to
    identify the bad actors.
        Those that commit prosecutable offenses must be called to
    account for their actions within the criminal justice system.
    Recognizing that these threats are difficult to prosecute, it
    is disheartening to me that our prosecution rate remains so
    low.
        We have made significant inroads on that front by
    establishing three special United States attorney positions
    assigned to the Capitol Police for the express purpose of
    prosecuting those threat cases. Let me conclude by stating that
    our increasing workload, the current threat landscape, and
    future challenges both known and unknown, will require
    additional resources.
        This is a reality, and I say this fully acknowledging all
    the support that we have received so far. But if we are to
    build, enhance, and protect to the scale of the entire
    Congress, we cannot do it based on our current resources.
        Simply stated, if we are to keep pace with the workload
    demands, as well as the Members' expectations, the focus should
    be on where we are today and the Department's vision for the
    future.
        I am steadfast and resolute in ensuring that an incident
    like January 6th never happens again. All of our projects and
    initiatives require the support of the Board and our oversight
    committees. Your Committee has provided constructive input and
    oversight.
        At the same time, it has been a staunch supporter of the
    Department, and I thank you.
        [The prepared statement of Mr. Manger was submitted for the
    record.]
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Thank you very much, Chief. For his
    last hearing, we are going to have Senator Blunt go first, then
    I will ask questions, and then Senator King, and then whatever
    Republican is next. Thank you.
        Senator Blunt. All right. Thank you, Chair. Chief, on the
    recommendations that we made after January the 6th, I think you
    have completed about 75 percent of those. It is also my
    impression that you may need more funding or more authority, or
    both, to really address the remaining numbers. Is that correct?
        Mr. Manger. The authority, not as much. That was provided
    and that has been working fine. In terms of the funding, what
    we have done in the first year or so has addressed the security
    here at the Capitol.
        Then what we really have to focus on now are the threats
    against Members. That is not only addressing the threats while
    you are here in the Capitol, but when you are in your home
    districts as well.
        Those protection responsibilities will require additional
    resources. We have got in our Fiscal Year 2023 budget, for
    instance, there are a number of requests for additional
    positions that address the protection responsibilities that--
    where we really need to focus.
        Senator Blunt. Currently you have vacancies of about, what,
    10 percent still vacant? Tell me, how many officers do you have
    right now?
        Mr. Manger. We have right now about 1,970 officers.
        Senator Blunt. You are authorized to have?
        Mr. Manger. We are authorized to have over 2,000, or close
    to 2,100. Yes, we are about, I think, 10 percent down. But I
    have to share with you that I just was informed today that as
    we speak, we have 219 recruits in some level of training,
    whether they are--whether we just brought them on a week ago,
    to the ones that are just about to graduate.
        We have got 219 recruits in the pipeline, which I think
    sets us up very well, and we will continue to work on our
    hiring, recruiting and hiring initiatives so that we keep
    those--that pipeline full so that we can meet our goal of
    hiring those 280 officers per year for the next couple of
    years.
        Senator Blunt. How many officers have you brought in in the
    year and a half that you have been the Chief?
        Mr. Manger. Close to 200. When you couple that with the
    attrition, we are in fact--in fact, the last time that I was in
    front of this Committee, we had--we have now 100 more officers
    than we had then.
        Senator Blunt. How is the addition of the contract
    employees go for the jobs you have been able to assign to
    someone who was not a sworn and totally prepared officer?
        Mr. Manger. That, I think, has gone very well. The key
    there is to identify the posts that it would be suitable to
    have a contract security or Capitol Security Officer. These are
    primarily secondary posts, and we have got about 50 or so
    assigned.
        Right now we are looking for other opportunities. If there
    are other posts where we can use those Capitol Security
    Officers, we will. But right now, we have got about 50 of them
    in place.
        That is 50 posts where we used to have Capitol Police
    Officers that are now freed up with these security officers
    staffing those locations.
        Senator Blunt. As you move to more security for Members at
    their--in their state, what kind of additional personnel will
    you need there?
        Mr. Manger. Part of the options that I presented to the
    Capitol Police Board is to do for the entire Congress what the
    House has begun to do for their Members, where every Member of
    Congress would have a security system in their home, in their
    district offices, so that it would add a layer of protection
    for not only the Member, but their family and their staff as
    well.
        One of the things that I would--have recommended is to have
    a protection--to stand up a protection operations center so
    that we would have our folks, and this could be done by
    civilians, it would not have to be sworn officers, but have our
    folks monitor those security systems.
        They would also be monitored by the company that installed
    them. But to have that redundancy and to have that instant
    recognition, if there is a problem, and instant response, if
    there is a problem, I think provides exactly what we need in
    terms of enhancing the protection. We want to stand up the
    protection operations center.
        The big ask really has to do with the number of protection
    agents for the Members. Right now, we, I think, do not provide
    the level of protection to some of the leadership that perhaps
    we should. It is certainly not on par with what is done in the
    Executive Branch, and I think we need to look at that and
    strengthen some of the protection details that we have in
    place.
        But as a result of the number of threats that are coming in
    and the number of credible threats that we have some concern
    about, I believe that we need to strongly expand our--the
    number of protection agents that we have.
        Again, I have got I think in the Fiscal Year 2023 budget,
    there were 64 positions, additional special agent positions,
    that would be assigned to protection details. With the demands
    that we have, this is both in terms of protection and
    investigation of threats, I think this is the big ask that we
    have.
        Senator Blunt. Thank you. I may have more questions later,
    Chairwoman, but--[technical problems]----
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Very good. Senator King has an
    important call coming up, so I am going to have him go next.
        Senator King. Thank you, Senator. Chief, just to give you
    an idea of how far the Capitol Police have come. I had a friend
    who was a Capitol policeman in the 60's, and he told me that
    the firearms competency test consisted of handing the recruit a
    gun and having them shoot at the target until they hit it.
        Then they were--successfully passed the test. Fortunately,
    I think we have gone beyond those days. I want to compliment
    you on your recruiting. I think the challenge of protection at
    home is a huge, serious challenge. If we had--well, as
    Governor, I had a trooper with me 24 hours a day for 8 years.
        If we went to that level for every Member of Congress, it
    would be hugely expensive and in many ways obtrusive. It seems
    to me that one fruitful area that you might think about
    pursuing, and you may already be doing this, is a cooperative
    relationship with local police departments and State Police,
    who the Members are not home all the time, but they can be
    there, at least be on call and perhaps even go further in terms
    of being present for public events and those kinds of things.
        Is that something that might be a way to solve this without
    hiring another, you know, 435 times 5?
        Mr. Manger. Absolutely. We have--one of the other things
    that I forgot to mention, Senator, was the getting together a
    small staff that would work full-time in developing those
    relationships with the state and local law enforcement for
    every Member of Congress.
        If we, you know, there is 538 jurisdictions that would be
    involved and we would have, get those MOU's in place so that we
    would not have to wait for a crisis to make the first call to
    that local agency saying, hey, can you help us out? We would
    have those, and we will use in place ahead of time, so it would
    be a very efficient process to get the help we need.
        Your suggestion about having local law enforcement at
    events where there may be issues, where, you know, the public
    will be there, and perhaps the Member even has a couple of
    threats that they are concerned about, having local law
    enforcement there is something that we want to do routinely.
        The advantage that we have now is that as a result of the
    supplemental from last year, we have funding that we can
    reimburse these jurisdictions. Many of these jurisdictions, you
    know, have told us, look, we have staffing shortages, we really
    do not have the folks to do some of the things you are asking
    us to do.
        But when we say we can reimburse you and we can, if you
    need to pull somebody in on overtime, we can reimburse that for
    you, it really enhances their ability to help us.
        Senator King. Do you think that reimbursement would be far
    less expensive than having five full-time agents?
        Mr. Manger. Oh, no question.
        Senator King. You mentioned the number of threats, and I am
    not sure whether you have the historical data, but my sense is
    this is going up significantly. Is that accurate?
        Mr. Manger. Absolutely is accurate. I can tell you that
    back in 2017, we had 1,000 \1\ maybe, somewhere around 1,000,
    and last year, 9,000. It has gone up steadily and profoundly
    over the last five or six years.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
        \1\ In response to Senator King, the number of threats to Members
    of Congress was cited as 1,000 in 2017. The actual number of threats
    and directions of interest toward Members of Congress was 3,939 in
    2017.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Senator King. That is very disturbing. One other area of
    questioning, and Senator Blunt touched on this, it seems like
    you are doing fairly well recruiting. Are you satisfied with
    the recruiting that you are doing? In this economy, doing any
    recruiting is difficult.
        Mr. Manger. I am very pleased.
        Senator King. You are satisfied with the quality you are
    getting?
        Mr. Manger. Yes. A couple of issues. One, there were things
    that the Congress did to help us in terms of raising our pay
    for officers and allowing us to give retention bonuses to keep
    people.
        I talked to chiefs from all over the country, and to a
    person--everybody is having trouble recruiting and getting good
    people, for a number of reasons, that want to be involved in
    the law enforcement career.
        But I firmly believe that just like after 9/11, when the
    military and police and fire had no problem recruiting because
    people wanted to serve their country, I believe that January
    6th helped us because so many of the people that have come to--
    that have come on since then have said the reason that they
    were here is because they wanted to serve here because of
    January 6th.
        Senator King. Well, I appreciate that. I hope you will
    express the view of--the Chairwoman talked about this. The
    Chairwoman talked about this, the appreciation that we have for
    all the Capitol Police.
        We do not really think about it, but police, fire, and
    military, unlike almost any other job in our society, when they
    sign on the dotted line, they are committing to put their life
    on the line for us, for other people, and that is an
    extraordinary commitment. Of course, on January 6th, we saw it
    in action.
        Please convey the deep appreciation that we have for the
    work. I love to banter with your officers and see them--to see
    how they are doing. You have an extraordinary group.
    Congratulations, and thank you, Chief.
        Mr. Manger. Thank you.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Thank you very much, Senator King.
    Just following up on Senator King's questions and this threat
    issue, it would seem to me that kind of, if we want to be
    practical about it, as he said, we are not going to have--most
    likely not every Member is going to have around the clock
    detail unless there is an actual threat.
        There is two ways of looking at it, depending on the
    resources. One is to change the level at which that is
    considered a threat. To perhaps scoop in more people, sometimes
    for periods of time.
        The second is for events that are publicly noticed or
    things that are a bit higher risk, that those are the ones that
    we are really focused on in terms of having that. Higher risk
    to me is more like people know you are going to be there as
    opposed to some meeting that is not even publicized or
    something like that.
        That is, I just think we have to be a little more practical
    about how we look at these things. I found our local police to
    be good when we call them ahead of time, but we do not even
    think about it ahead of time sometimes about if things are out
    there or they are planned. But I think that is what we need to
    do.
        I do not know if you want to expand on that a little more.
        Mr. Manger. You have hit the nail on the head because
    oftentimes we do not know what is on your schedule or what is
    on any Member schedule unless they share it with us. When they
    share it with us and say, hey, we have got a big event back
    home expecting, you know, 500 people or whatever, we can be
    proactive.
        The United States Capitol Police will reach out to the
    local jurisdiction there, let them know about the event, and
    see what they can do to assist at the event, even if it is just
    having an officer, you know, stand in the back of the room.
        Oftentimes they are able to help us at events like that.
    The key is having the Member, the Member staff reach out to us
    and let us know. We will do the rest.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Okay. One of the things I mentioned
    earlier on that we are trying to work on is this bipartisan
    proposal, hopefully by the end of the year, to allow for the
    removal of Members' personal information from public websites.
    We just did it for Federal judges. Could you talk about how
    that could be helpful when it comes to home addresses?
        Mr. Manger. It would be a huge help. There is no question
    about that. As you know, we will provide staff--Members and
    staff advice. We have just finished doing the new Member
    orientation, and we talked to them about social media and
    about, you know, what to put on social media, what not to put
    on social media.
        But, you know, just to sort of help with that. But removing
    personally identifiable information of Members really would
    impact not only the Member, but it would impact their family.
    Just keeping the, you know, people's address and all this other
    personal identifiable information from being public would have
    a huge impact.
        Unfortunately, as we all know, the internet makes it very
    easy for people to find addresses and find information.
    Unfortunately, that information is used to harm folks too
    often.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Right. I think it is not--the
    question to ask is not, could anyone ever find it out, because
    obviously some sophisticated people could figure out where you
    live. It is more for that moment, the person that might be just
    looking to harm in a particular day or moment.
        I think many of us understand that, and that you are not
    probably limiting all your risk, but you are limiting some of
    your risk.
        Mr. Manger. Anything helps.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Yes. You mentioned that the
    Department is expanding its work beyond the Capitol in response
    to the threats, including opening field offices. I know
    Florida, California, I think one more, working with United
    States Attorneys' Office across the country.
        Last year, the Capitol Police referred 458 threat cases for
    prosecution, 40 resulted. I know part of this is to
    prioritize--40 resulted in prosecution. Part of this is
    increasing the number of those cases that are prosecuted. As a
    former prosecutor, I believe that has a deterrent effect as
    well.
        Talk about your efforts there. I would like to allow for
    these prosecutors to be able to do things across state lines
    and like. Talk about what is happening there.
        Mr. Manger. We have been working with our appropriations
    folks to give us the funding to not only do the residential
    assessments and work with our law enforcement partners, but
    this third leg of the stool with the prosecutions. I could not
    agree more than it has a deterrent effect. We do have special
    United States Assistant Attorneys, and they are specially
    assigned to work these threat cases.
        We are working with DOJ to allow them, and we are hopeful
    that we can get DOJ to say it is not just they work them in
    that, you know, in the San Francisco area or the, you know, the
    area in Florida, but they can go across state lines and work
    them anywhere we need to work them.
        We did--we just brought on board the third Special USA to
    work here at the Capitol in DC. That will help us for cases
    here. But it would be nice to be able to send them anywhere we
    need to send them so that we can get more of those cases
    prosecuted.
        It is--look, the FBI and the United States Attorney's
    Office are very helpful, but they have a huge caseload. For us,
    a threat against a Member of Congress is our highest priority.
    It is not always their highest priority.
        If we have our own folks to make sure these things get
    prosecuted, I think it is a big step in the right direction for
    us.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Good. Last question, I know you have
    made significant progress implementing each of the
    recommendations in this Committee's joint report with Homeland
    Security to address the security, planning, and response
    failures that we saw on January 6th.
        What are your ongoing priorities for security at the
    Capitol in the coming years?
        Mr. Manger. Probably the biggest issue is working with the
    Architect to the Capitol to make those infrastructure changes
    and strengthen things, to include the camera system, which we
    are redoing. We have got more posts covered here than we have
    had certainly since January 6th.
        We have increased the number of our Civil Disturbance Unit
    platoons. They are now fully equipped, fully trained with, as
    you know, better operational planning.
        Our partnership with our local agencies around the
    district, Maryland and Virginia, is really--helped us numerous
    times, whether it was the truck or convoy, the State of the
    Union, the abortion protests at the Supreme Court, we have had
    to call them in on a number of occasions.
        Again, our ability to reimburse them gives us an advantage.
    But we have always had as many cops here as we need to get the
    job done.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. All right. Thank you. Senator Blunt.
        Senator Blunt. Well on that topic, Chief, as many people as
    you need to get the job done, when you became Chief, the
    balance did not allow that as easily as it does now, and also
    began to disrupt any planned time off and other things. We
    thought morale was a significant problem.
        What kinds of things have you done, rather than evaluate
    morale, which is hard for us to do sitting here, what have you
    done that you believe has had the most impact on officers
    understanding they are appreciated and the morale that comes
    with that?
        Mr. Manger. I think that the biggest impact we have had is
    the additional staffing. People can get days off. If they are
    scheduled to be off on a day, they can pretty much count on the
    fact that they will be off instead of being told, no, you
    cannot have that day off.
        There are fewer times when at the end of a shift, the
    Sergeant will come and say, okay, Officer Blunt, you know, you
    thought you were going home, you have got to stay here and do
    another shift because we are short on the next shift. These
    things happened all the time. I had cops telling me that they
    would go a month without getting a day off. That has changed.
        I am not saying that there are still not times when we hold
    folks over or have to change days off. But it is far fewer than
    we were doing right after January 6th. I think that made the
    biggest impact. I think the fact that we have--and I do not
    think that money ultimately is going to have a sustained impact
    on morale.
        But the fact that we have had, you know, a couple of years
    of retention bonuses, that we are now offering specialty pay to
    those who volunteer to do those specialty assignments like
    civil disturbance, I think that has made an impact where folks
    feel like, okay, you know, people are acknowledging that this
    is extra work and that this does have a little bit more hazard
    as a part of it.
        Doing things like that, that show the officers that we
    appreciate the sacrifices that they are making has made a
    difference as well. I think that lastly, you know, the fact
    that officers do feel appreciated, that does not happen by
    chance.
        I think that many of the things that this Committee has
    done, that you and Senator Klobuchar have done personally, and
    that Congress has done for the United States Capitol Police has
    sent a pretty strong message that people do care about what
    they do and do appreciate their sacrifices and do appreciate
    what they do every day.
        For any of us, if we feel like the people that we work for
    appreciate what we do, it makes a difference.
        Senator Blunt. Well, I know you worked hard on this, and I
    certainly know you are continuing, and we would encourage that.
    You have a couple of vacancies on your executive team I am
    wondering about.
        One as the Assistant Chief for Protective and Intelligence
    Operation, and the other is the Chief Administrative Officer.
    How are you doing in the effort to fill those two top jobs?
        Mr. Manger. The announcement for the Chief Administrative
    Officer went out last week. My hope is we are going to--that we
    can have that out for about a month or so. My hope is that we
    get some good candidates to choose from and we can make a
    selection for that in the next couple of months.
        The Assistant Chief for Protection and Intelligence, I have
    got an Acting in there now who--Jason Bell, who has a lot of
    experience in the protective responsibilities and
    investigations. He is doing a good job. But my intent was to
    bring and is to bring someone in from the outside.
        I want to get that, my reorganization plan, which I
    submitted to the Capitol Police Board, I want to get that
    approved and that will allow me to start filling some of those
    senior level vacancies. That--hopefully we can get to that soon
    as well. But we are--in terms of the sworn positions of the
    executive, we are managing.
        I have got a good team. I have a lot of depth on my bench
    at the higher levels, at the inspector level, the captain
    level, really, really deep benches there. We have got folks
    that are in acting positions that are doing well.
        But eventually, I have got sort of a master reorganization
    plan that I would like to get implemented, and all those senior
    level positions would be filled.
        Senator Blunt. Chair.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Just one or two follow ups. There
    is--we talked about that some of the changes you have made and
    how you have reached as a lot of, the goals we set,
    recommendations.
        I am still remembering the haunting words of one officer on
    the microphone when he allegedly said, does anyone have a plan?
    on January 6th. The Department has made clear progress with
    respect to operational planning, particularly by requiring a
    Department wide incident assessment plan for all large, high
    profile events.
        Can you expand briefly on what has been done to improve
    preparedness for large events?
        Mr. Manger. We have--when we plan for these events, first
    of all, we brought on an executive from the United States
    Secret Service, who is an expert in planning.
        He has really coached us and helped us change to exactly
    where I think we need to be. We do--we, it is now routine for
    us to do tabletop exercises both internally and with external
    partners to moving, you know, when we get just a few days ahead
    of a big event.
        We are involving outside agencies in a way that we never
    did before. We are training with other agencies. When these
    folks that we are asking to come in to help us, we are training
    with those agencies.
        We are also staying--we have a good, close relationship
    with the National Guard. I will tell you that if--I would only
    call the National Guard in the most dire circumstances. But we
    have, I just met with General McCandless last week just to sort
    of, you know, stay on the same page with things. We have
    actually practiced the drill of how I would go about requesting
    their assistance.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. As you know, Senator Blunt and I
    changed the law, so it was easier to make the call.
        Mr. Manger. Yes. But we practiced how we can get that done
    very efficiently. We are doing weekly intelligence calls with
    our regional partners. All these things that we are doing now
    that were not being done before January 6th, that have--I think
    got us on the right page to make sure that there is going to be
    no failures in terms of our operational planning for an event.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. Okay. There is more to do on how the
    Department handles intelligence, as we have talked about. Can
    you tell us how the Department has improved the sharing of
    information with the officers on the front lines, and feedback
    from officers on those improvements?
        Mr. Manger. I think you all know that we issued cell phones
    to all the officers, but we put out daily bulletins as well
    that come to their cell phones, you know, daily intelligence
    bulletins. When we are having a big event, Assistant Chief Sean
    Gallagher will go to every roll call to do an in-person
    briefing for officers to know what to expect, you know, for the
    big event coming up.
        The fact that we do after action reports on every single
    big event, we get feedback directly from the officers, and from
    officials, officers, everybody involved in the event is able to
    provide their feedback in terms of in and after action report.
        With in our incident action plans, those plans that we had
    that are typically 20-30 pages long that have every detail
    about the planning for the incident, those are widely
    circulated. Everybody knows what everybody else's
    responsibilities are.
        Everybody knows what everybody else is doing. Again, it
    helps for everybody to sort of have a bigger picture of all
    these events as we go into them.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. One of the things I raised was
    equipment. I know you have ordered equipment. When you appeared
    before us in January, we spoke about how while all the new
    equipment had been ordered, some of the supply chain issues had
    delayed delivery. Are you now fully equipped with the type of
    equipment that you believe you need?
        Mr. Manger. We have over 1,000 officers that have all the
    equipment that they need. In fact, I do not think there is
    anybody, any uniformed officer in USB that does not have their
    equipment.
        There are still--supply chain issues are still there. But
    now the few officers that do not have all of their new
    equipment, it is a very small number, but the people that need
    them the most have them.
        I am sure within a few months we will have everybody, 100
    percent. But again, over 1,000 of the USB officers are fully
    equipped.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. The Department, as you know, has
    taken steps to formalize a Civil Disturbance Unit to ensure
    that its officers are properly trained. How have these changes
    improved the effectiveness? What additional--can you talk a
    little bit about the onsite training and drills, and what is
    going on?
        Mr. Manger. We have--all of the--everybody in CDU, by the
    way, that we asked for volunteers, and we have got six or seven
    platoons ready. I have that written down somewhere. I will find
    it. But we have got more platoons of CDU officers that are
    trained and equipped.
        They train with other agencies. We train here as well. The
    officials, the people who are overseeing the CDU, have all been
    trained as well. We brought outside trainers in actually from a
    couple of European countries that have much more experience in
    dealing with unruly crowds than we do.
        They provided us really amazing training that we took
    advantage of. That--and we have established specialty pay for
    the Civil Disturbance Units, so that one of the big problems
    that we used to have was that when we would say we need, you
    know, 100 people to come in, you know, 100 CDU officers to come
    in for an event, not everybody would show up.
        There would be a lot of folks call in sick and that sort of
    thing. Now we have got folks that want to be there, want to do
    this. They are training with the people that they are going to
    work with.
        All of that stuff is making for better outcomes when we use
    them.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. All right. Well, thank you. I think
    we are finished up here, but I want to thank Ranking Member
    Blunt for this productive final hearing and for all the work
    that he has done, not just on these public safety issues, but
    leading the Rules Committee, and particularly on the Electoral
    Count Act.
        He is going to end the year with strength, as has been
    noted, in getting that important bill through, the two of us,
    to update that old legislation. I am also grateful to you,
    Chief for your leadership, and the progress that you have made,
    and the openness that you have to take our ideas and listen to
    Members and work things out, and your devotion to working on
    this Member safety issue as well.
        Mr. Manger. Senator, thank you very much. I did want to say
    to Senator Blunt that you may not remember, but in my first few
    days in this job, you came over to my office, and I will tell
    you that I was pretty nervous about the fact that, you know,
    that you were coming over to talk to me.
        You brought over the Senate rules book and had my name
    embossed on it, and I thought that was very kind of you to do
    that. I am a big believer in Maya Angelou, who said, ``you
    won't remember what people said, you won't remember what people
    did, but you remember how people made you feel.''
        For someone who was nervous about coming into this job,
    when you left, I felt like that I had much more confidence that
    whatever it was going to take to get the Capitol Police where
    they needed to be, that that was going to be able to happen
    because of the talk that you and I had and the fact that I knew
    somebody in your position, with your stature, had the, you
    know, had in their heart the support for the Capitol Police
    that we needed to get things done.
        I want to thank you for giving me the confidence to do this
    job when I just had a few days here, and I appreciate your
    support throughout my tenure here. Thank you, sir.
        Senator Blunt. Thank you, Chief.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. What a great way to end this hearing,
    because I think it is just an illustration of the kind of work
    that Senator Blunt does every day, so much of it behind the
    scenes. Chief, when you are talking about going through
    calling, if there was a crisis with the Commander of the
    National Guard, I was thinking of whatever next crisis I have
    starting, you know, January 7th.
        I will probably still call Roy Blunt to get his advice. We
    thank Roy for his service. We are going to keep the record open
    for one week. We thank you, Roy.
        Senator Blunt. Thank you. Thank you, Chief. Thank you,
    Chairwoman.
        Chairwoman Klobuchar. The hearing is adjourned.
        [Whereupon, at 4:38 p.m., the hearing was adjourned.]

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