[Senate Hearing 117-422]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]




                                           S. Hrg. 117-422, Part 2 of 3 
                                           
                          CONFIRMATION HEARING
                          ON THE NOMINATION OF
                       HON. KETANJI BROWN JACKSON
                   TO BE AN ASSOCIATE JUSTICE OF THE
                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               before the

                       COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY
                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               ----------                              

                     MARCH 21, 22, 23, and 24, 2022

                               ----------                              

                           Serial No. J-117-56

                               ----------                              

                              PART 2 OF 3

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         Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary 





[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]









                                           S. Hrg. 117-422, Part 2 of 3 
 
                          CONFIRMATION HEARING
                          ON THE NOMINATION OF
                       HON. KETANJI BROWN JACKSON
                   TO BE AN ASSOCIATE JUSTICE OF THE
                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               before the

                       COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY
                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               __________

                     MARCH 21, 22, 23, and 24, 2022

                               __________

                           Serial No. J-117-56

                               __________

                              PART 2 OF 3

                               __________

         Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary  
         
         
         
         
         
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
         
         
         
         
         
                              
                 U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE
                 
49-380                   WASHINGTON : 2023
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         

                       COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

                   RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois, Chair
PATRICK J. LEAHY, Vermont            CHARLES E. GRASSLEY, Iowa,     
DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California             Ranking Member
SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island     LINDSEY O. GRAHAM, South Carolina
AMY KLOBUCHAR, Minnesota             JOHN CORNYN, Texas
CHRISTOPHER A. COONS, Delaware       MICHAEL S. LEE, Utah
RICHARD BLUMENTHAL, Connecticut      TED CRUZ, Texas
MAZIE K. HIRONO, Hawaii              BEN SASSE, Nebraska
CORY A. BOOKER, New Jersey           JOSH HAWLEY, Missouri
ALEX PADILLA, California             TOM COTTON, Arkansas
JON OSSOFF, Georgia                  JOHN KENNEDY, Louisiana
                                     THOM TILLIS, North Carolina
                                     MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee
             Joseph Zogby, Chief Counsel and Staff Director
      Kolan L. Davis, Republican Chief Counsel and Staff Director   
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
                            C O N T E N T S

                              ----------                              

    March 21, 11:02 a.m.; March 22, 9:07 a.m.; March 23, 9:06 a.m.;
                     and March 24, 2022, 9:03 a.m.

                    STATEMENTS OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS

                                                                   Page

Blackburn, Hon. Marsha, a U.S. Senator from the State of 
  Tennessee......................................................    56
Blumenthal, Hon. Richard, a U.S. Senator from the State of 
  Connecticut....................................................    34
Booker, Hon. Cory A., a U.S. Senator from the State of New Jersey    45
Coons, Hon. Christopher A., a U.S. Senator from the State of 
  Delaware.......................................................    28
Cornyn, Hon. John, a U.S. Senator from the State of Texas........    15
Cotton, Hon. Tom, a U.S. Senator from the State of Arkansas......    42
Cruz, Hon. Ted, a U.S. Senator from the State of Texas...........    25
Durbin, Hon. Richard J., a U.S. Senator from the State of 
  Illinois:
    March 21, 2022, opening statement............................     1
    March 22, 2022, opening statement............................    67
    March 23, 2022, opening statement............................   231
    March 24, 2022, opening statement............................   371
Feinstein, Hon. Dianne, a U.S. Senator from the State of 
  California.....................................................    13
Graham, Hon. Lindsey O., a U.S. Senator from the State of South 
  Carolina.......................................................    11
Grassley, Hon. Charles E., a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa:
    March 21, 2022, opening statement............................     5
    March 23, 2022, opening statement............................   235
Hawley, Hon. Josh, a U.S. Senator from the State of Missouri.....    37
Hirono, Hon. Mazie K., a U.S. Senator from the State of Hawaii...    39
Kennedy, Hon. John, a U.S. Senator from the State of Louisiana...    48
Klobuchar, Hon. Amy, a U.S. Senator from the State of Minnesota..    22
Leahy, Hon. Patrick J., a U.S. Senator from the State of Vermont.     8
Lee, Hon. Michael S., a U.S. Senator from the State of Utah......    19
Ossoff, Hon. Jon, a U.S. Senator from the State of Georgia.......    55
Padilla, Hon. Alex, a U.S. Senator from the State of California..    50
Sasse, Hon. Ben, a U.S. Senator from the State of Nebraska.......    31
Tillis, Hon. Thom, a U.S. Senator from the State of North 
  Carolina.......................................................    52
Whitehouse, Hon. Sheldon, a U.S. Senator from the State of Rhode 
  Island.........................................................    17

                              INTRODUCERS

Fairfax, Hon. Lisa M., Presidential Professor and Co-Director, 
  Institute for Law & Economics, University of Pennsylvania Carey 
  Law School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.........................    61
Griffith, Hon. Thomas B., Judge, retired, U.S. Court of Appeals 
  for the District of Columbia Circuit, Washington, DC...........    59

                       STATEMENTS OF THE NOMINEE

Witness List.....................................................   441
Jackson, Hon. Ketanji Brown, Nominee to serve as an Associate 
  Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States:
    March 21, 2022, statement....................................    62
    questionnaire and biographical information...................   443
    attachment: question 12(a)...................................   592
    attachment: question 12(b)...................................   857
    attachment: question 12(c)...................................   991
    attachment: question 12(d)...................................  1137
    attachment: question 12(e)...................................  2046
    attachment: question 13(b)...................................  2087
    attachment: question 13(g)...................................  2563
    attachment: question 16(e)...................................  2585
    attachment: question 19......................................  2630

                      STATEMENTS OF THE WITNESSES

Beatty, Hon. Joyce, a Representative in Congress from the State 
  of Ohio and Chair, Congressional Black Caucus..................   392
    prepared statement...........................................  2670
Drayton, Joseph M., American Bar Association, Standing Committee 
  on the Federal Judiciary, Washington, DC.......................   376
Goluboff, Risa, dean, Arnold H. Leon Professor of Law, and 
  professor of history, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 
  Virginia.......................................................   395
    prepared statement...........................................  2673
Henderson, Wade, president and chief executive officer, The 
  Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, Washington, DC   399
    prepared statement...........................................  2677
Marshall, Hon. Steve, Attorney General, State of Alabama, 
  Montgomery, Alabama............................................   393
    prepared statement...........................................  2709
Mascott, Jennifer, assistant professor of law and co-executive 
  director, C. Boyden Gray Center, Antonin Scalia Law School, 
  George Mason University, Arlington, Virginia...................   397
    prepared statement...........................................  2685
McCullen, Eleanor, Massachusetts resident and sidewalk counselor.   400
    prepared statement...........................................  2706
Rosenthal, Richard B., solo appellate lawyer, Miami, Florida, and 
  San Francisco, California......................................   403
    prepared statement...........................................  2696
Russell, Keisha, counsel, First Liberty Institute, Plano, Texas..   405
    prepared statement...........................................  2699
Serano, Alessandra Parisi, chief legal officer, International 
  Operations, Operation Underground Railroad, Anaheim, California   408
    prepared statement...........................................  2704
Thomas, Frederick L., Captain, East Baton Rouge Parish Sheriff's 
  Office, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and national president, 
  National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives......   407
    prepared statement...........................................  2717
Veta, D. Jean, American Bar Association, Standing Committee on 
  the Federal Judiciary, Washington, DC..........................   375
Williams, Hon. Ann Claire, Judge, retired, and American Bar 
  Association, Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary, 
  Washington, DC.................................................   373
    prepared statement...........................................  2647

                               QUESTIONS

Questions submitted to Hon. Ketanji Brown Jackson by:
    Senator Blackburn............................................  2891
    Senator Cornyn...............................................  2740
    Senator Cotton...............................................  2816
    Senator Cruz.................................................  2750
    Senator Graham...............................................  2737
    Senator Grassley.............................................  2722
    Senator Hawley...............................................  2794
    Senator Kennedy..............................................  2823
    Senator Lee..................................................  2744
    Senator Sasse................................................  2791
    Senator Tillis...............................................  2827

                                ANSWERS

Responses of Hon. Ketanji Brown Jackson to questions submitted 
  by:
    Senator Blackburn............................................  3218
    Senator Cornyn...............................................  2940
    Senator Cotton...............................................  3095
    Senator Cruz.................................................  2967
      attachment: Probation Office chart.........................  3035
    Senator Graham...............................................  2935
    Senator Grassley.............................................  2893
    Senator Hawley...............................................  3042
    Senator Kennedy..............................................  3112
    Senator Lee..................................................  2949
    Senator Sasse................................................  3036
    Senator Tillis...............................................  3126

  LETTERS RECEIVED BY THE COMMITTEE REGARDING THE NOMINATION OF HON. 
 KETANJI BROWN JACKSON TO BE AN ASSOCIATE JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT 
                          OF THE UNITED STATES

3M Indivisible--Monroe, McMinn, Meigs Counties, Tennessee, et 
  al., 233 Indivisible groups across the United States; April 6, 
  2022...........................................................  3223
9to5, National Association of Working Women, Georgia Chapter, 
  Atlanta, Georgia, et al., organizations committed to democratic 
  and economic empowerment of the people of Georgia; March 29, 
  2022...........................................................  3230
Aagard, Sarah, assistant public advocate, Kentucky Department of 
  Public Advocacy, Frankfort, Kentucky, et al., current and 
  former public defenders; April 1, 2022.........................  3232
Abbott, Ross, Richland County, South Carolina, et al., current 
  and former U.S. public defenders; March 22, 2022...............  3245
Abdallah, Nabila, California, et al., law students from across 
  the United States; March 31, 2022..............................  3280
Abely, Christine, faculty fellow, New England Law, Boston, 
  Massachusetts, et al., women law professors from across the 
  United States; March 8, 2022...................................  3284
A Better Balance, New York, New York; March 17, 2022.............  3328
Abraham, David, professor of law emeritus, University of Miami 
  School of Law, Coral Gables, Florida, et al., professors who 
  teach at law schools in the State of Florida; March 23, 2022...  3330
Abrams, Hon. Robert, former Attorney General of the State of New 
  York, et al., former State Attorneys General, former U.S. 
  Senators, a current State Governor, and current State Attorneys 
  General from across the United States; March 10, 2022..........  3338
Abratt, Daniela B., Thomas & LoCicero, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, 
  et al., leaders in the legal communities of the State of 
  Florida; March 23, 2022........................................  3346
Access Ready Inc., Pinellas Park, Florida, et al., organizations 
  and individuals representing the interests of individuals with 
  disabilities; March 18, 2022...................................  3360
Access Ready Inc., Pinellas Park, Florida, et al., organizations 
  and individuals representing the interests of individuals with 
  disabilities; April 6, 2022....................................  3365
Adams, Aileen, former director, U.S. Department of Justice, 
  Office for Victims of Crime, Los Angeles, California, et al., 
  victims and survivors of crime, their advocates, and providers 
  of critical assistance services to crime victims and survivors; 
  March 9, 2022..................................................  3371
Adams, Faith, University of Mississippi School of Law, Class of 
  2024, University, Mississippi, et al., current law school 
  students and law school graduates from across the United 
  States; March 11, 2022.........................................  3374
Adams-Seaton, Briana, Howard University School of Law, Class of 
  2021, et al., graduates of the six law schools at Historically 
  Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU); March 7, 2022..........  3408
Alexander, Anne, professor of law and director of legal research 
  and writing, University of Missouri School of Law, et al., 
  lawyers and legal academics who work and teach in the State of 
  Missouri; March 23, 2022.......................................  3422
Allen, Alena M., interim dean and professor of law, University of 
  Arkansas School of Law, Fayetteville, Arkansas, et al., Black 
  deans of law schools in the United States; March 18, 2022......  3427
American Association for Access, Equity and Diversity (AAAED), 
  Washington, DC; March 22, 2022.................................  3435
American Association for Justice (AAJ), Navan Ward, Jr., 
  president, Washington, DC; March 21, 2022......................  3439
American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE) Local 704, 
  Chicago, Illinois, et al., environmental groups and coalition 
  partners; March 17, 2022.......................................  3441
American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial 
  Organizations (AFL-CIO), Elizabeth H. Shuler, president; April 
  1, 2022........................................................  3446
American Federation of Teachers (AFT), Randi Weingarten, 
  president, Washington, DC; March 21, 2022......................  3447
Association of Village Council Presidents (AVCP), Tribal 
  consortium with 56 federally recognized Tribes as members, 
  Vivian Korthuis, chief executive officer, Bethel, Alaska; March 
  23, 2022.......................................................  3449
Ayer, Hon. Donald B., former Deputy Attorney General of the 
  United States, et al., lawyers and others who served in 
  Republican administrations; March 3, 2022......................  3451
Beatty, Hon. Joyce, a Representative in Congress from the State 
  of Ohio and Chair, Congressional Black Caucus, et al., Members 
  of Congress of the Congressional Black Caucus and Members of 
  Congress of the Democratic Women's Caucus; March 19, 2022......  3454
Bellinger, John B., III, former legal adviser, National Security 
  Council and Department of State, et al., attorneys who served 
  on both sides of litigation for detainees at Guantanamo Bay 
  detention camp, Cuba; March 28, 2022...........................  3456
Bennett, James, former law clerk to Justice Anthony M. Kennedy, 
  et al., law clerks during the Supreme Court's October Term 1999 
  who worked with Judge Jackson when she served as a law clerk to 
  Justice Stephen Breyer; March 3, 2022..........................  3460
Black Men Lawyers' Association (BMLA), Chicago, Illinois; March 
  21, 2022.......................................................  3463
Breyer, Julia M., et al., former law clerks to Judge Ketanji 
  Brown Jackson; March 17, 2022..................................  3464
Burck, William A., former law clerk to Justice Anthony M. 
  Kennedy; February 28, 2022.....................................  3467
Butler, Rev. Jennifer, chief executive officer, Faith in Public 
  Life, Washington, DC, et al., faith leaders from across the 
  United States; March 30, 2022..................................  3469
Catholics for Choice, Jamie L. Manson, president, Washington, DC; 
  March 21, 2022.................................................  3520
Center for Disability Rights (CDR), L. Dara Baldwin, MPA, 
  director of national policy, Rochester, New York; March 17, 
  2022...........................................................  3522
Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP), Olivia A. Golden, 
  executive director, Washington, DC; March 23, 2022.............  3524
Coffey, Kendall, former U.S. Attorney, Southern District of 
  Florida, et al., former federal prosecutors who served 
  throughout the State of Florida; March 22, 2022................  3525
Coffey, Kendall, former U.S. Attorney, Southern District of 
  Florida, et al., former federal prosecutors who served the 
  State of Florida and who served South Florida; March 22, 2022..  3530
Common Cause, Karen Hobert Flynn, president, Washington, DC; 
  March 17, 2022.................................................  3535
Constitutional Accountability Center (CAC), Elizabeth B. Wydra, 
  president, Washington, DC; March 15, 2022......................  3538
Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), Robert S. McCaw, 
  director, government affairs department, Washington, DC; March 
  16, 2022.......................................................  3548
Davis, Kenya K., professor, American University, and former 
  Assistant U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia and 
  frontline prosecutor in the Sex Offense Domestic Violence 
  section, Cyber Crime, and the Child Exploitation and Human 
  Trafficking sections, Washington, DC; March 28, 2022...........  3551
Everytown for Gun Safety, John Feinblatt, president, and Eric 
  Tirschwell, executive director and chief litigation counsel, 
  Everytown Law, New York, New York; March 22, 2022..............  3553
Finney, Kathryn, managing general partner and founder, Genius 
  Guild, Chicago, Illinois, et al., Black women business owners, 
  entrepreneurs, and job creators; March 21, 2022................  3555
Ford, Hon. Aaron, Attorney General of the State of Nevada, Carson 
  City, Nevada, et al., State Attorneys General from across the 
  United States; March 15, 2022..................................  3560
Futures Without Violence, San Francisco, California, et al., 
  organizations from across the United States working to ensure 
  the safety and well-being of individuals; March 20, 2022.......  3564
Futures Without Violence, San Francisco, California, et al., 
  victim service providers and victims and survivors of domestic 
  violence and sexual assault; March 20, 2022....................  3567
Griffith, Hon. Thomas B., Judge, retired, U.S. Court of Appeals 
  for the District of Columbia Circuit, Washington, DC; February 
  26, 2022.......................................................  3569
Herbert, Lenese, professor of law, Howard University School of 
  Law, Washington, DC, et al., professors of law from across the 
  United States; March 14, 2022..................................  3571
Hodge, Jamila, former Assistant U.S. Attorney, et al., former 
  federal prosecutors and alumni of the United States Attorney's 
  Office for the District of Columbia; March 30, 2022............  3613
Human Rights Campaign (HRC), Joni Madison, interim president, 
  Washington, DC; March 21, 2022.................................  3618
Indivisible, Leah Greenberg, co-executive director, Washington, 
  DC; March 18, 2022.............................................  3620
Innocence Project, Christina Swarns, executive director, New 
  York, New York; March 24, 2022.................................  3621
International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), Dwight E. 
  Henninger, chief and president, Alexandria, Virginia; March 14, 
  2022...........................................................  3624
International Federation of Professional and Technical Engineers 
  (IFPTE), Matthew S. Biggs, president, and Gay Henson, 
  Secretary-Treasurer, Washington, DC; March 29, 2022............  3625
Intersections of Our Lives, a Reproductive Justice collaborative 
  of organizations, led by National Asian Pacific American 
  Women's Forum (NAPAWF), Sung Yeon Choimorrow, executive 
  director, Chicago, Illinois; National Latina Institute for 
  Reproductive Justice, Lupe M. Rodriguez, executive director, 
  New York, New York; and In Our Own Voice: National Black 
  Women's Reproductive Justice Agenda, Marcela Howell, president 
  and chief executive officer, Washington, DC; March 18, 2022....  3626
Jackson Lee, Hon. Sheila, a Representative in Congress from the 
  State of Texas and senior Member of the U.S. House of 
  Representatives Judiciary Committee; March 31, 2022............  3628
Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), David Inoue, executive 
  director, San Francisco, California; March 21, 2022............  3632
Johnson, Hon. Jeh Charles, former Secretary, U.S. Department of 
  Homeland Security, Hon. Loretta E. Lynch, former U.S. Attorney 
  General, and J.W. Crawford, III, Vice Admiral, Judge Advocate 
  General Corps, USN, retired, et al., national security lawyers' 
  perspectives on Judge Jackson's representation of several 
  detainees from Guantanamo Bay detention camp, Guantanamo Bay 
  Naval Base, in the period 2005-2009; March 16, 2022............  3634
Jones, Joshua Aaron, law professor, California Western School of 
  Law, San Diego, California, et al., LGBTQ+ law professors and 
  allies; March 4, 2022..........................................  3637
Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Damon Hewitt, 
  president and executive director, Washington, DC, et al.; March 
  30, 2022.......................................................  3646
Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, The, Washington, 
  DC, et al.; March 17, 2022.....................................  3652
League of Conservation Voters (LCV), Gene Karpinski, president, 
  Washington, DC; March 17, 2022.................................  3662
League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC), Sindy M. 
  Benavides, chief executive officer, Washington, DC; April 4, 
  2022...........................................................  3664
Levi, David F., president, American Law Institute (ALI), and 
  director, Bolch Judicial Institute at Duke Law School, Durham, 
  North Carolina; March 2, 2022..................................  3665
Lynch, Hon. Loretta E., former Attorney General of the United 
  States and former U.S. Attorney, Eastern District of New York, 
  et al., former senior lawyers in the U.S. Department of 
  Justice; March 9, 2022.........................................  3667
Martin, Areva, civil rights attorney, nonprofit leader, and 
  working mother, and Ginger McKnight-Chavers, attorney, author, 
  and working mother, et al., African-American women representing 
  a cross-section of ages and socioeconomic, familial, national, 
  and professional backgrounds; March 10, 2022...................  3671
Menefee, Hon. Christian D., Harris County Attorney, Houston, 
  Texas, et al., Black attorneys licensed to practice law in 
  Texas; March 18, 2022..........................................  3678
Motley, Joel, son of Constance Baker Motley, former NAACP Legal 
  Defense and Educational Fund attorney and lead strategist on 
  Brown v. Board of Education litigation, New York, New York; 
  March 31, 2022.................................................  3681
NARAL Pro-Choice America, Mini Timmaraju, president, Washington, 
  DC; March 18, 2022.............................................  3682
National Asian Pacific American Bar Association (NAPABA), Priya 
  Purandare; Asian Americans Advancing Justice (AAJC), John C. 
  Yang; and National Council of Asian Pacific Americans (NCAPA), 
  Gregg Orton; Washington, DC, et al.; March 18, 2022............  3686
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 
  (NAACP), Derrick Johnson, president and chief executive 
  officer, Baltimore, Maryland; March 18, 2022...................  3688
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 
  (NAACP), Derrick Johnson, president and chief executive 
  officer, Baltimore, Maryland; April 5, 2022....................  3704
National Association of Women Lawyers (NAWL), Karen M. 
  Richardson, executive director, Chicago, Illinois, letter and 
  statement; March 19, 2022......................................  3720
National Bar Association (NBA), Hon. Carlos Moore, president and 
  chairman, Washington, DC; March 31, 2022.......................  3724
National Black Law Students Association (NBLSA), Simone Yhap, 
  national chair and chief executive officer, Washington, DC; 
  February 25, 2022..............................................  3731
National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV), Denver, 
  Colorado; March 18, 2022.......................................  3733
National Coalition on Black Civic Participation (NCBCP) and Black 
  Women's Roundtable, Melanie L. Campbell, president and chief 
  executive officer, NCBCP, and national convener, Black Women's 
  Roundtable, Washington, DC; April 2, 2022......................  3735
National Congress of American Indians (NCAI), Fawn Sharp, 
  president, Washington, DC, and Native American Rights Fund 
  (NARF), John E. Echohawk, executive director, Boulder, 
  Colorado; March 28, 2022.......................................  3738
National Congress of Black Women (NCBW), Judge Doris Smith-
  Ribner, retired, chairperson emeritus, Philadelphia, 
  Pennsylvania, et al.; March 29, 2022...........................  3740
National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW), Jody Rabhan, chief 
  policy officer, Washington, DC; March 11, 2022.................  3741
National Education Association (NEA), Rebecca S. Pringle, 
  president, Washington, DC; March 25, 2022......................  3743
National Employment Lawyers Association (NELA), Laura M. Flegel, 
  legislative and public policy director, and Jeffrey A. Mittman, 
  executive director, Concord, California; March 27, 2022........  3745
National Hispanic Leadership Agenda (NHLA), Kenneth Romero, chair 
  and executive director, National Hispanic Caucus of State 
  Legislators (NHCSL), et al., Washington, DC; April 6, 2022.....  3748
National Organization for Women (NOW), Christian F. Nunes, 
  president, Washington, DC; March 24, 2022......................  3750
National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives 
  (NOBLE), Alexandria, Virginia; February 28, 2022...............  3751
National Organization of Concerned Black Men (CBM), Dr. Karen 
  McRae, national president and chief executive officer, 
  Washington, DC; March 21, 2022.................................  3752
National Partnership for Women & Families, Jocelyn Frye, 
  president, Washington, DC; March 18, 2022......................  3754
National Urban League (NUL), Marc H. Morial, president and chief 
  executive officer, New York, New York, and Joi O. Chaney, 
  executive director, Washington Bureau, and senior vice 
  president, policy & advocacy, Washington, DC; March 17, 2022...  3758
National Women's Law Center, Fatima Goss Graves, president and 
  chief executive officer, Washington, DC; March 31, 2022........  3760
National Women's Law Center, Washington, DC, et al., advocates 
  for gender justice in the courts, in public policy, and in 
  society; March 31, 2022........................................  3764
National Women's Law Center, Washington, DC; Women's Bar 
  Association of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC; and 
  California Women Lawyers, Sacramento, California; March 31, 
  2022...........................................................  3769
NETWORK Lobby for Catholic Social Justice, Mary J. Novak, 
  executive director, Washington, DC; March 29, 2022.............  3792
Oglala Sioux Tribe, Kevin Killer, president, Pine Ridge, South 
  Dakota; March 11, 2022.........................................  3793
Onwuachi-Willig, Angela, dean, and Ryan Roth Gallo & Ernest J. 
  Gallo Professor of Law, Boston University School of Law, 
  Boston, Massachusetts, et al., Black women law professors; 
  March 18, 2022.................................................  3795
Organized Village of Saxman (OVS), a federally recognized 
  sovereign Tribe, Joe Williams, Jr., president, Saxman and 
  Ketchikan, Alaska; April 4, 2022...............................  3812
Pass Her the Gavel, a network of Black law students and Black 
  professionals; March 26, 2022..................................  3813
People For the American Way (PFAW), Marge Baker, executive vice 
  president, Washington, DC; March 30, 2022......................  3814
People's Parity Project (PPP), Molly Coleman, executive director, 
  and Tristin Brown, policy and program director; March 21, 2022.  3822
Physicians for Reproductive Health (PRH), Dr. Kristyn Brandi, MD, 
  MPH, board chair, Hartsdale, New York; March 21, 2022..........  3824
Racicot, Marc, former Governor and former Attorney General, 
  Missoula, Montana, et al., lawyers from the State of Montana; 
  March 30, 2022.................................................  3826
Racine, Karl A., Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General 
  for the District of Columbia (OAG), Washington, DC; March 31, 
  2022...........................................................  3829
Resources Legacy Fund, Avi Garbow, president, Sacramento, 
  California; March 21, 2022.....................................  3830
Schwartz, Paul H., Boulder, Colorado, October 1994 Term of Court, 
  et al., former law clerks to Justice Stephen G. Breyer; March 
  16, 2022.......................................................  3832
Service Employees International Union (SEIU), Mary Kay Henry, 
  international president, Washington, DC; March 18, 2022........  3838
Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity, Dwayne M. Murray, Esq., Grand Sire 
  Archon, Atlanta, Georgia; letter and a 2022 Resolution; March 
  25, 2022.......................................................  3840
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. Bernard 
  LaFayette, Jr., chairman, Board of Directors, and Dr. Charles 
  Steele, Jr., president and chief executive officer, Atlanta, 
  Georgia; March 31, 2022........................................  3843
Thomson, J. Scott, former Camden County Police Chief, Camden, New 
  Jersey, et al., members of the law enforcement community; March 
  7, 2022........................................................  3844
Toussaint, Etienne C., assistant professor of law, University of 
  South Carolina School of Law, Columbia, South Carolina, et al., 
  Black male law deans and law professors of United States law 
  schools; March 14, 2022........................................  3849
United States Black Chambers (USBC), Ron Busby, president and 
  chief executive officer, Washington, DC; March 2, 2022.........  3861
United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce (USHCC), Ramiro A. 
  Cavazos, president and chief executive officer, Washington, DC; 
  March 8, 2022..................................................  3862
Unite for Reproductive & Gender Equity (URGE), Desiree S. Luckey, 
  Esq., Director of Policy, Washington, DC; March 31, 2022.......  3864
Women's Rights and Empowerment Network (WREN), Columbia, South 
  Carolina, et al.; March 30, 2022...............................  3866
Young Black Lawyers' Organizing Coalition (YBLOC), Abdul Dosunmu, 
  founder and chief strategist, New York, New York; March 17, 
  2022...........................................................  3869
YWCA USA, Margaret Mitchell, chief executive officer, Washington, 
  DC; March 23, 2022.............................................  3871

                MISCELLANEOUS SUBMISSIONS FOR THE RECORD

African American Mayors Association (AAMA), Hon. Sylvester 
  Turner, Mayor, City of Houston, Texas, and AAMA president, 
  Washington, DC, statement......................................  3873
Blackburn, Hon. Marsha, a U.S. Senator from the State of 
  Tennessee, and Tommy Tuberville, a U.S. Senator from the State 
  of Alabama; a letter to Rebecca S. Pringle, president, National 
  Education Association (NEA), with regard to New Business Item 2 
  and New Business Item 39, considered and adopted during the 
  NEA's 2021 Representative Assembly; July 19, 2021, letter......  3875
Cato Institute, Clark M. Neily, III, senior vice president for 
  legal studies, Washington, DC, statement.......................  3876
Coe, Aebra, and Chris Villani, ``1st Circ. Judge Selya Says 
  Jackson Will Be `Balanced','' Law360, February 25, 2022, 
  article........................................................  3880
Doiron, Sarah, `` `A Terrific Addition': Biden's Supreme Court 
  Nominee Worked Alongside RI Judge,'' WPRI.com, posted February 
  25, 2022, and updated March 22, 2022, article..................  3882
Family Equality, Shelbi Day, chief policy officer, New York, New 
  York, email correspondence statement...........................  3885
Fitzpatrick, Edward, ``Supreme Court Nominee Judge Ketanji Brown 
  Jackson Reminds Others of Ruth Bader Ginsburg,'' The Boston 
  Globe, March 22, 2022, article.................................  3887
Fraternal Order of Police (FOP), Patrick Yoes, president, 
  National Fraternal Order of Police, Washington, DC, statement..  3891
Gertner, Hon. Nancy, Judge, retired, U.S. District Court of 
  Massachusetts, and senior lecturer of law, Harvard Law School, 
  Cambridge, Massachusetts, et al., former U.S. district and 
  appellate judges address criticisms leveled at Judge Ketanji 
  Brown Jackson's record on child pornography sentencing, March 
  21, 2022, letter...............................................  3892
Gertner, Hon. Nancy, Judge, retired, U.S. District Court of 
  Massachusetts, and senior lecturer of law, Harvard Law School, 
  Cambridge, Massachusetts, et al., former U.S. district and 
  appellate judges address the release of pre-sentence reports 
  relating to defendants sentenced by Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson 
  for the crime of possession of images of child pornography, 
  March 28, 2022, letter.........................................  3894
Harvard Law Review, ``Prevention Versus Punishment: Toward a 
  Principled Distinction in the Restraint of Released Sex 
  Offenders,'' Vol. 109, No. 7 (May 1996), pp. 1711-1728, article  3896
Henry, Mary Kay, international president, Service Employees 
  International Union (SEIU), Washington, DC, et al., a coalition 
  of elected labor leaders of 27 unions and worker organizations 
  representing working people providing essential services, 
  statement......................................................  3914
Hispanic National Bar Association (HNBA), Washington, DC, 
  statement......................................................  3916
Immigration Hub, Sergio Gonzales, executive director, Washington, 
  DC, statement..................................................  3918
Jones, Hon. Doug, a former U.S. Senator from the State of 
  Alabama, ``Vivian Malone Jones: Alabama Women's Hall of Fame'' 
  recognizes Vivian Malone Jones at the time of her posthumous 
  induction into the State of Alabama Women's Hall of Fame Class 
  of 2021, tribute speech........................................  3921
Luttig, J. Michael, former Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the 
  Fourth Circuit, statement......................................  3933
Mulvaney, Katie, ``Here's What RI's Legal Community Says About 
  Supreme Court Nominee Ketanji Brown Jackson,'' The Providence 
  Journal, February 25, 2022, article............................  3934
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 
  (NAACP) Legal Defense and Educational Fund (LDF), Janai S. 
  Nelson, president and director-counsel, et al., New York, New 
  York, statement................................................  3938
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 
  (NAACP) Legal Defense and Educational Fund (LDF), ``The Civil 
  Rights Record of Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson,'' report.........  3940
Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA), Karen Stone, 
  vice president, public policy and government relations, 
  Washington, DC, statement......................................  3979
Tushnet, Mark, ``Parents Involved and the Struggle for Historical 
  Memory,'' Indiana Law Journal, Vol. 91, No. 2 (April 2016), pp. 
  493-503, article...............................................  3981
United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Hon. Charles E. 
  Grassley, a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa and Ranking 
  Member, U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee; Hon. Lamar Smith, a 
  Representative in Congress from the State of Texas and 
  Chairman, U.S. House of Representatives Judiciary Committee; 
  and Hon. F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr., a Representative in 
  Congress from the State of Wisconsin and Chairman, U.S. House 
  Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Homeland 
  Security; a letter to Hon. Patti B. Saris, Chairwoman, U.S. 
  Sentencing Commission, with regard to a Public Hearing on 
  Federal Child Pornography Crimes on February 15, 2012; February 
  14, 2012, letter...............................................  3992
United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Hon. Charles E. 
  Grassley, a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa and Ranking 
  Member, U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, et al.; a letter to 
  Hon. Richard J. Durbin, a U.S. Senator from the State of 
  Illinois and Chair, U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, with 
  regard to providing documents to the Republican Members of the 
  Senate Judiciary Committee in connection with President Biden's 
  nomination of Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson to be an Associate 
  Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; March 22, 
  2022, letter...................................................  3996
United States Sentencing Commission, ``Recidivism and Federal 
  Sentencing Policy: Overall; Offender Characteristics; Crime 
  Types; and Sentence Length,'' research report data chart.......  3999


                      A P P E N D I X - Continued

              Additional Material Submitted for the Record

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