    [Senate Hearing 111-556]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

                                                            S. Hrg. 111-556

                         NOMINATION OF CARYN A. WAGNER
                       TO BE UNDER SECRETARY OF HOMELAND
                     SECURITY FOR INTELLIGENCE AND ANALYSIS
                      AND NOMINATION OF PHILIP S. GOLDBERG
                       TO BE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE
                         FOR INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH

    =======================================================================

                                    HEARING

                                   BEFORE THE

                        SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE

                                     OF THE

                              UNITED STATES SENATE

                         ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS

                                 FIRST SESSION

                                   __________

                                DECEMBER 1, 2009

                                   __________

          Printed for the use of the Select Committee on Intelligence

     Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/
                                     senate

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                        SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE

               [Established by S. Res. 400, 94th Cong., 2d Sess.]

                     DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California, Chairman
                  CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, Missouri, Vice Chairman

    JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER IV, West         ORRIN G. HATCH, Utah
        Virginia                         OLYMPIA J. SNOWE, Maine
    RON WYDEN, Oregon                    SAXBY CHAMBLISS, Georgia
    EVAN BAYH, Indiana                   RICHARD BURR, North Carolina
    BARBARA A. MIKULSKI, Maryland        TOM COBURN, Oklahoma
    RUSSELL D. FEINGOLD, Wisconsin       JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho
    BILL NELSON, Florida
    SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island
                         HARRY REID, Nevada, Ex Officio
                     MITCH McCONNELL, Kentucky, Ex Officio
                        CARL LEVIN, Michigan, Ex Officio
                        JOHN McCAIN, Arizona, Ex Officio
                                  ----------
                         David Grannis, Staff Director
                    Louis B. Tucker, Minority Staff Director
                        Kathleen P. McGhee, Chief Clerk
                                    CONTENTS

                                  ----------

                                DECEMBER 1, 2009

                               OPENING STATEMENTS

    Feinstein, Hon. Dianne, Chairman, a U.S. Senator from California.     1
    Bond, Hon. Christopher S., Vice Chairman, a U.S. Senator from
      Missouri.......................................................     3

                                   WITNESSES

    Wagner, Caryn A., Under Secretary of Homeland Security for
      Intelligence and Analysis-Designate............................     4
    Goldberg, Philip S., Assistant Secretary of State for
      Intelligence and Research-Designate............................     6
        Prepared statement...........................................     8

                             SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL

    Questionnaire for Completion by Presidential Nominees for Caryn
      A. Wagner......................................................    20
    Prehearing Questions for the Record and Responses of Ms. Wagner..    33
    Questions for the Record and Responses of Ms. Wagner.............    53
    Letter from Robert I. Cusick, Office of Government Ethics, Dated
      November 17, 2009, Transmitting Public Financial Disclosure
      Report for Ms. Wagner..........................................    59
    Questionnaire for Completion by Presidential Nominees for Philip
      S. Goldberg....................................................    69
    Prehearing Questions for the Record and Responses of Mr. Goldberg    90
    Questions for the Record and Responses of Mr. Goldberg...........   105
    Letter from Robert I. Cusick, Office of Government Ethics, Dated
      November 2, 2009, Transmitting Public Financial Disclosure
      Report for Mr. Goldberg........................................   110

                         NOMINATION OF CARYN A. WAGNER

                       TO BE UNDER SECRETARY OF HOMELAND

                         SECURITY FOR INTELLIGENCE AND

                           ANALYSIS AND NOMINATION OF

                            PHILIP S. GOLDBERG TO BE

                          ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE

                         FOR INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH

                                  ----------

                           TUESDAY, DECEMBER 1, 2009

                                           U.S. Senate,
                              Select Committee on Intelligence,
                                                        Washington, DC.
        The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 2:33 p.m., in
    Room SH-216, Hart Senate Office Building, the Honorable Dianne
    Feinstein (Chairman of the Committee) presiding.
        Committee Members Present: Senators Feinstein, Wyden,
    Feingold, Whitehouse, Bond, and Risch.

     OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. DIANNE FEINSTEIN, CHAIRMAN, A U.S.
                        SENATOR FROM CALIFORNIA

        Chairman Feinstein. The meeting will come to order.
        The committee meets today to consider two nominations to
    the intelligence community in positions that require Senate
    confirmation. They are Ambassador Philip Goldberg, nominated to
    be the Assistant Secretary of State for the Bureau of
    Intelligence and Research, which we fondly know as INR, and Ms.
    Caryn Wagner, nominated to be Under Secretary of Homeland
    Security for Intelligence and Analysis, or I&A.
        I'd like to welcome both of you and say congratulations.
        Both individuals were nominated by President Obama on
    October 26th. They have since met with me and other members of
    the committee and have responded to numerous prehearing
    questions. Their responses are now posted on the Intelligence
    Committee's website for public view.
        Interestingly enough, both nominees come from different
    backgrounds and are nominated to lead two very different
    intelligence organizations.
        Ambassador Goldberg is nominated to lead an organization
    with a very distinguished and respected history. The State
    Department Bureau of Intelligence & Research conducts all-
    source intelligence analysis to advise the Secretary of State
    and other senior department officials and serves as an active
    participant in intelligence community-wide analytic products.
    Its analysts, while far fewer in number than the all-source
    analysis organizations at the CIA and DIA, are highly expert in
    their fields and have no qualms about vocally dissenting from
    judgments they believe to be incorrect or unsubstantiated, and
    that's very much appreciated.
        One example of importance to me was INR's view in the 2002
    NIE on Iraq that Iraq was not reconstituting nuclear weapons,
    especially due to INR's different view on the use of aluminum
    tubes in centrifuges. That obviously proved to be correct.
        Ambassador Goldberg himself has been long involved in
    national security issues and has received intelligence
    throughout his career but has no past experience inside the
    intelligence community. We will be very interested in hearing
    Ambassador Goldberg's views on his preparations to assume the
    responsibility.
        Ambassador Goldberg is a career Foreign Service officer. He
    has distinguished himself over a 20-year period, including
    Charge d'affaires and Deputy Chief of mission in Santiago,
    Chile, Chief of Mission in Pristina, Kosovo, and United States
    Ambassador to Bolivia. Since June he has served as the
    coordinator for the implementation of United Nations
    resolutions on North Korea. Earlier in his career he served in
    Bogota, Colombia, and Pretoria, South Africa. Of particular
    note is his being declared persona non grata by Bolivian
    President Evo Morales in September of 2008. The committee has
    looked at this incident, and members may have a few questions,
    but it's pretty clear to me that Ambassador Goldberg had no
    blame in this matter.
        Ms. Wagner, by contrast, is a career intelligence
    professional, beginning as an Army SIGINT officer and rising to
    the level of captain. After three years on the House
    Intelligence Committee, Ms. Wagner joined the senior ranks of
    the DIA before becoming Director of the Intelligence Community
    Management staff, and subsequently the Assistant Deputy DNI and
    chief financial officer. She returned to the House Intelligence
    Committee as budget director and is now a faculty member of the
    Intelligence and Security Academy, LLC.
        She is being nominated to head the Office of Intelligence &
    Analysis at the Department of Homeland Security, which, unlike
    INR, is a young intelligence organization and one that has
    struggled to identify a clear mission and bring together an
    appropriate workforce. We have discussed that earlier.
        The committee's report accompanying the FY 2010
    intelligence authorization bill noted some of these concerns.
    They include that, as of this summer, contract personnel make
    up a staggering 63 percent of the workforce of the Office of
    Intelligence & Analysis, including a large percentage of its
    intelligence analysts. In my view, this is an inherently
    governmental function and should be done by the government, not
    by contractors.
        The office has written analysis that inappropriately
    analyzed legitimate activities of U.S. persons based in part on
    highly questionable and non-credible open-source information.
    In addition, the office has numerous and unclear missions, some
    of which overlap with work being done by other departments.
    According to the Homeland Security Institute, the office is
    unstable and lacks structures for budget and management
    accountability. I discussed that this morning with Mrs. Wagner,
    and I actually believe she's up to it. So we'll see what comes.
        I'm told that the Office of Intelligence & Analysis has
    been drafting a plan to restructure and refine its mission, but
    the plan won't be finalized until a new Under Secretary is
    confirmed. So that will be clearly, Ms. Wagner, your first big
    job. I think this committee will be very interested in your
    views as a professional on what the office should be doing and
    how it should be structured or restructured.
        Again, I welcome both witnesses, and I will turn to the
    Vice Chairman for any opening comments he might have.
        Vice Chairman Bond. Thank you very much, Madam Chair.
    You've laid down a tough gauntlet. We welcome both of the
    nominees and ask, do you have family members here or close
    friends who are supporting you today? Ms. Wagner?
        Ms. Wagner. Yes. Thank you, Senator Bond. My husband, Chad
    Lash, is here with me. And I have numerous friends which I
    won't name, because I will no doubt forget one. But I thank
    you.
        Vice Chairman Bond. We will recognize your husband.
    Welcome, sir.
        Ambassador.
        Ambassador Goldberg. I have my colleagues from the State
    Department.
        Vice Chairman Bond. Well, thank you very much.

    OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, VICE CHAIRMAN, A
                       U.S. SENATOR FROM MISSOURI

        Vice Chairman Bond. While the public of ten hears about
    other elements of the intelligence community, the office each
    of you is nominated to head, INR at State and Intelligence &
    Analysis at the Department of Homeland Security, can and should
    be making valuable contributions to the community and to our
    national security.
        As the Chairman said, I also have had conversations with
    you and pointed out some things where we think you can enhance
    and improve the operations of intelligence.
        Now, Ambassador Goldberg, the Chair stole one of my best
    lines, but I wanted to say that few people in history can claim
    the honor of being expelled by the likes of Evo Morales. So
    it's clear that you've already chalked up a major
    accomplishment, at least in my book, and I congratulate you on
    that. I'm interested to hear how you expect your experiences in
    Bolivia and other diplomatic posts will help you head an
    analytic shop.
        Ms. Wagner, a few months ago at a reception I had the
    pleasure of sitting next to a former MI-5 official who shared
    some insights on the importance in this war on terror of
    forging solid and productive relationships among federal, state
    and local law enforcement agencies. His point to me was that
    what the Brits do and we do not do is use the contacts we have,
    the continuing contacts we have with state and local officials,
    to task them to bring information up the chain of command. We
    send information down, but a local police department or a local
    sheriff's office is far more likely to know when or hear when
    something amiss is going on in their community and report that
    back up the chain.
        So we've talked about that. And I think that while it's
    very important--and I hear complaints that not enough
    intelligence is being pushed downstream--there may not be
    enough intelligence coming upstream from thousands of
    communities. And we hope that you will pursue that.
        We can make fusion centers work, but there's a lot of
    intelligence, I believe, that can be best gathered at the local
    level. On the federal level, we need to make a firmer
    commitment to training these local authorities to identify and
    collect the intelligence.
        Now, Ms. Wagner, if you're confirmed, I expect you'll work
    closely with Director Mueller and the Attorney General in the
    coming months to make better training programs a reality. They
    can be done without a lot of additional cost, but the benefits
    will more than compensate for any price they cost.
        Madam Chair, I'm sure that both of these nominees are
    anxiously awaiting our questions, and even more importantly,
    their exit strategy from Hart 216. So with that, I congratulate
    them on their nominations and look forward to hearing from them
    today.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you very much, Senator.
        Ms. Wagner, why don't we begin with you, if that's all
    right?

             STATEMENT OF CARYN A. WAGNER, UNDER SECRETARY

                 OF HOMELAND SECURITY FOR INTELLIGENCE

                         AND ANALYSIS-DESIGNATE

        Ms. Wagner. Thank you very much, Senator Feinstein, Senator
    Bond. I'm honored to appear before you today as the nominee for
    Under Secretary for Intelligence & Analysis at the Department
    of Homeland Security. I believe this position occupies a unique
    mission space between the national intelligence and law
    enforcement communities and the state, local, tribal and
    private sector entities that are the front lines of homeland
    security. There's nothing more important than forging and
    fostering those connections.
        If confirmed, I believe I have the right skills to continue
    building on the foundation laid by Pat Hughes, Charlie Allen
    and the current acting Under Secretary, Bart Johnson.
        I began my intelligence career as a signals intelligence
    officer in the United States Army, serving eight years on
    active duty. In the years since, I have spent seven and a half
    years at DIA, five years on the staff at the House Permanent
    Select Committee on Intelligence, three years in the private
    sector and three years with the ODNI.
        I've had a mixture of staff and line management jobs,
    including leading a 2,000-person analytic organization within
    the Defense Intelligence Agency. I've also had a great deal of
    experience in an interagency environment, and I'm familiar with
    all facets of the intelligence community.
        While my experience with law enforcement has been more
    limited, I have had significant exposure while working at the
    DNI and in Congress to the capabilities and contributions of
    national law enforcement and homeland security agencies.
        I know I have much to learn about state, local and tribal
    law enforcement, which is why, if confirmed, I'm eager to get
    started with the help of Principal Deputy Under Secretary for
    Intelligence & Analysis Bart Johnson, who's a highly respected
    and decorated veteran of the New York State police force and
    who's done an outstanding job as acting Under Secretary for the
    past six months.
        I've had the opportunity to observe the Office of
    Intelligence & Analysis from the outside while I served in the
    Office of the DNI and on the HPSCI staff, and I am aware of the
    many challenges that the organization faces. Since my
    nomination, I've learned more about I&A's statutory mission,
    its ongoing activities, and the Secretary's vision about where
    she would like to take the department. I've formed some
    preliminary views on what needs to be done to enhance I&A's
    support to its customers and to the department and to improve
    its standing within the intelligence community and with its
    congressional overseers.
        If confirmed, I plan to focus my initial efforts in three
    main areas: First, creating a true Homeland Security
    information-sharing enterprise through greater focus on the
    state and local fusion centers; second, creating a DHS
    intelligence enterprise as the chief intelligence officer for
    the department; and third, putting in place the management
    processes necessary to improve the morale, efficiency and
    professionalism of I&A as an organization.
        The unique niche that DHS I&A occupies is best defined by
    its responsibility to share information with state, local and
    tribal authorities and the private sector on the full range of
    threats to the homeland, often referred to as all threats, all
    hazards. First responders at the state and local level are the
    nation's first line of defense. They are uniquely able to
    identify anomalous or criminal behavior that could have a
    terrorist nexus. It's critical to educate them on terrorist
    indicators as they are identified, to capture information that
    is lawfully obtained while strictly adhering to privacy, civil
    rights and civil liberties regulations, and share it with the
    wider enterprise.
        This is a multi-faceted challenge that requires adapting
    analytic methodologies and product lines, a great deal of
    training at all levels of the enterprise and IT and
    information-sharing solutions to enable two-way information
    flow. It also requires an approach that is tailored to the
    different threat and operational realities of the individual
    fusion centers.
        If confirmed, I intend to develop a comprehensive multi-
    year strategic plan for supporting the state and local fusion
    centers that can be used to guide resource and analytic
    planning.
        The role of the Chief Intelligence Officer for the
    Department was created by Secretary Chertoff to empower the
    Under Secretary to create a DHS intelligence enterprise that
    was more than the sum of its parts. DHS' operational components
    have intelligence elements that support their individual
    missions and they also have data and expertise that can be
    leveraged by I&A in support of departmental priorities or
    national, state, local and tribal clients, while strictly
    adhering to privacy, civil rights and civil liberties
    regulations.
        In addition, the components may have intelligence or
    information requirements that are not adequately being met. I&A
    can help to meet these requirements by leveraging the rest of
    the intelligence community on their behalf, producing tailored
    products for or with them, providing analytic training and
    mentoring, and serving as an advocate for increasing their
    capabilities. By leveraging both the components' and I&A
    capabilities, we can build on recent progress to create a true
    intelligence enterprise that enables I&A and the Department to
    achieve their full potential and best serve their customers.
        If confirmed, I will view the role of Chief Intelligence
    Officer for the Department as one of the most important of my
    missions, and put in place a staff structure to manage it.
        Finally, in the management arena, I&A is still a young
    organization, and several recent studies have suggested that it
    suffers from a lack of institutionalized processes and from
    poor morale. If confirmed, one of my biggest priorities will be
    developing and formalizing internal processes for planning,
    programming and budgeting, for performance measurement and
    human capital management, measurement, and most certainly I
    will be taking a hard look at contractors. I believe that
    communicating clear mission guidance, implementing fair and
    transparent processes for hiring, promoting, and rewarding
    people and developing a structured and inclusive process for
    building the budget will go a long way towards improving
    morale.
        If confirmed, I also plan to make training a centerpiece of
    my agenda. I've already mentioned the importance of training to
    building information-sharing and intelligence enterprises, but
    it is equally important for professional development and morale
    within I&A. If confirmed, I will focus on ensuring that I&A
    analysts receive the tradecraft training they need.
        Finally, if confirmed, I will work hard to establish and
    maintain constructive partnerships, particularly with the
    Office of the DNI, the National Counterterrorism Center, the
    FBI and the Congress. If confirmed, I pledge to keep you fully
    informed of I&A's progress and activities.
        Thank you very much.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you very much. Mr. Goldberg--
    Ambassador I should say.

             STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE PHILIP S. GOLDBERG,

             ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INTELLIGENCE

                         AND RESEARCH-DESIGNATE

        Ambassador Goldberg. Madam Chairman and Mr. Vice Chairman,
    it is a great honor to appear before you today as President
    Obama's nominee to be Assistant Secretary of State for the
    Bureau of Intelligence and Research. I am grateful to the
    President and Secretary of State Clinton for their confidence
    in nominating me for this position, as well as to the Director
    of National Intelligence, Dennis Blair, for his support in my
    nomination. If confirmed by the Senate, I pledge to work
    closely with this Committee as it plays a vital role in the
    oversight of the intelligence community.
        Madam Chairman, INR has been a treasured source of
    information and analysis for policymakers for more than 60
    years. INR is also a deeply respected voice within the
    intelligence community. INR's success has not been based on its
    size or budget. Rather, it has been based on the extraordinary
    experience, judgment and analytical skill of its personnel.
        INR's well-earned reputation for insight and
    professionalism is based on a mix of civil and foreign service
    personnel, a combination of those who spend years and often
    decades on an issue, buttressed by those with recent experience
    in our embassies overseas. If confirmed, I will work to enhance
    the ability of these fine professionals to do their jobs
    through training, academic opportunities, and service overseas.
    And I will work to recruit the finest people available.
        I will also defend both the process of independent and
    unbiased analysis as well as the people who produce it. As you
    point out, Madam Chairman, the people of INR have in recent
    times won praise for the quality of their work as well as
    sticking to their analytic conclusions when necessary.
        INR has another essential role: assuring that intelligence
    activities are consistent with, and supportive of, our foreign
    policy and national security objectives. In this area too, INR
    is fortunate to have a staff of professionals who have special
    expertise and years of experience in often very technical
    areas.
        If confirmed, I look forward to working with these
    professionals to support the Secretary and Department in
    assuring that foreign policy concerns are a central
    consideration in intelligence community decisions and
    activities. I will also work with the relevant committees of
    Congress as they carry out their essential oversight roles.
        Madam Chairman, I believe that, if confirmed, I would bring
    a set of skills and experience to the job of Assistant
    Secretary for Intelligence and Research that will add to the
    value of the bureau. While I have not previously served in a
    position in the intelligence community, I've had extensive and
    relevant experience in almost all aspects of INR's core
    functions.
        I have worked closely with analysts in the intelligence
    community as a political, economic and biographic officer at
    embassies overseas in helping to produce analytical products.
    In addition, I have myself produced analytic products for
    policymakers, from assignments in embassies as well as in
    Washington. This experience has given me a strong appreciation
    for the independence, intellectual rigor, experience and
    personal integrity that contribute to good analytical products.
    Having worked on policy matters in four geographic bureaus and
    on the seventh floor of the department, I have a strong
    appreciation for how intelligence can best support diplomacy
    and its practitioners. This is INR's primary mission.
        As a Charge d'affaires and two-time chief of mission, I
    have ensured that intelligence and law enforcement activities
    were carried out in support of foreign policy and national
    security objectives. Most recently, I have served as
    Coordinator for Implementation of U.N. Security Council
    Resolutions on North Korea, a job that requires analysis of
    intelligence information and close coordination with other
    intelligence community members. My experience leading large and
    complex missions overseas, as well as managerial assignments at
    the State Department, have prepared me to lead this large
    bureau.
        Madam Chairman, we live in a time of enormous foreign
    policy and national security challenges. On issues of war and
    peace, nonproliferation, climate change, and the economic and
    financial situation around the globe, our leaders need and
    deserve the very best information and analysis before making
    difficult decisions. If confirmed by the Senate, I look forward
    to working with you and your colleagues to make sure that
    happens.
        Thank you.
        [The prepared statement of Ambassador Goldberg follows.]
        Prepared Statement of Philip S. Goldberg, Nominee for Assistant
                Secretary of State for Intelligence and Research
        Madam Chairman and Members of the Committee, it is a great honor to
    appear before you today as President Obama's nominee to be Assistant
    Secretary of State for the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR). I
    am grateful to the President and Secretary of State Clinton for their
    confidence in nominating me for this position, as well as to the
    Director of National Intelligence, Dennis Blair, for his support of my
    nomination. If confirmed by the Senate, I pledge to work closely with
    this Committee as it plays a vital role in dealing with the many
    difficult and complex issues that confront the United States around the
    world.
        Madam Chairman, INR has been a treasured source of information and
    analysis for policymakers for more than 60 years. INR is also a deeply
    respected voice within the Intelligence Community. INR's success has
    not been based on its size or budget. Rather, it has been based on the
    extraordinary experience, judgment and analytical skill of its
    personnel. The Bureau's personnel define expertise--an average of 10
    years on account among all analysts, a third of the analytical body
    with PhDs in their areas, and most analysts with command of the
    language or languages relevant to their portfolios. INR's well-earned
    reputation for insight and professionalism is based on a mix of Civil
    and Foreign Service personnel--a combination of those who spend years
    and often decades on an issue, buttressed by those with recent
    experience in the field. If confirmed, I will work to enhance the
    ability of these fine professionals to do their jobs through training,
    academic opportunities, and service overseas. I will work to recruit
    the finest people available. I will work to defend both the process of
    independent and unbiased analysis as well as the people who produce it.
    If confirmed, I would be proud to lead a group of people who have in
    recent times won praise for both the quality of its work as well as its
    willingness to stick to its analytic conclusions when necessary.
        INR has another essential role: assuring that intelligence
    activities are consistent with, and supportive of, our foreign policy
    and national security objectives. In this area too, INR is fortunate to
    have a staff of professionals who have special expertise and years of
    experience in often very technical areas. If confirmed, I look forward
    to working with these professionals to support the Secretary and
    Department in assuring that foreign policy concerns are a central
    consideration in Intelligence Community decisions and activities. I
    will also work with the relevant committees of Congress as they carry
    out their essential oversight roles.
        Madam Chairman, I believe that, if confirmed, I would bring a set
    of skills and experience to the job of Assistant Secretary for
    Intelligence and Research that will add to the value of the bureau.
    While I have not previously served in a position in the Intelligence
    Community, I have had extensive and relevant experience in almost all
    aspects of INR's core functions. As a political, economic and
    biographic officer at embassies overseas, I have worked closely with
    analysts in the Intelligence Community to produce analytical products.
    In addition, I have myself produced analytic reports for policymakers,
    from assignments in embassies overseas as well as in Washington. This
    experience has given me a strong appreciation for the independence,
    intellectual rigor, experience and personal integrity that contribute
    to good analytical products. Having worked on policy matters in four
    geographic bureaus and on the seventh floor of the department, I have a
    strong appreciation for how intelligence can best support diplomacy and
    its practitioners. This is INR's primary mission.
        As a Charge d'affaires and two-time chief of mission, I have
    ensured that intelligence and law enforcement activities were carried
    out in support of foreign policy and national security objectives. Most
    recently, I have served as Coordinator for Implementation of United
    Nations Security Council Resolutions on North Korea, a job that
    requires analysis of intelligence information and close coordination
    with other IC members. My experience leading large and complex missions
    overseas, as well as managerial assignments at the State Department,
    have prepared me to lead this large bureau.
        Madam Chairman, we live in a time of enormous foreign policy and
    national security challenges. On issues of war and peace, non-
    proliferation, climate change, and the economic and financial situation
    around the globe, our leaders need and deserve the very best
    information and analysis before making difficult decisions. If
    confirmed by the Senate, I look forward to working with you and your
    colleagues to make sure that happens.
        Thank you.

        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you. Thank you both very, very
    much.
        I have a list of four questions that we ask all nominees,
    if you would just respond yes or no to each of them. The first
    is do you agree to appear before the Committee here or in other
    venues when invited?
        Ambassador Goldberg. Yes.
        Ms. Wagner. Yes.
        Chairman Feinstein. I often wonder what we would do if
    someone said no. Okay.
        Vice Chairman Bond. We would confirm them.
        Chairman Feinstein. Yes.
        Vice Chairman Bond. I gather Ms. Wagner nodded yes.
        Chairman Feinstein. She said yes.
        Vice Chairman Bond. I didn't hear her up here.
        Chairman Feinstein. I heard her. Do you agree to send
    officials from your respective organizations to appear before
    the committee and designated staff when requested?
        Ms. Wagner. Yes.
        Ambassador Goldberg. Yes.
        Chairman Feinstein. Do you agree to provide documents and
    any other material requested by the committee in order for it
    to carry out its oversight and legislative responsibilities?
        Ms. Wagner. To the best of my ability yes.
        Ambassador Goldberg. The same, to the best of my ability
    yes.
        Chairman Feinstein. What does that mean?
        Ambassador Goldberg. As far as the INR bureau goes and as
    far as I'm concerned, I will share whatever we can. There are
    some issues that from time to time might come up about document
    executive privilege and the rest that might be beyond my
    control to share.
        Chairman Feinstein. Well, let me just say this is the first
    time anybody has qualified their answer, and that's going to
    have to be looked into more deeply because this committee
    expects to get documents it requests. We are the oversight
    committee and to have intelligence agencies without the ability
    to conduct oversight is not acceptable to us.
        Ambassador Goldberg. No, I----
        Vice Chairman Bond. Madam Chair, I might add that the
    President has a right to declare things at higher security
    levels and we would, before we would accept that, we would need
    to know from the White House that this was something over which
    they're exercising their national security authority.
        Chairman Feinstein. Well, that's right, Mr. Vice Chairman.
        Vice Chairman Bond. And we would carry our argument down to
    1600.
        Chairman Feinstein. That's right. And executive privilege
    can't be a drift net to pick up everything that people don't
    want to have oversight about. And that's where we become the
    guardian angel, so to speak.
        Ambassador Goldberg [continuing]. Absolutely.
        Chairman Feinstein. Just so you understand that.
        Ambassador Goldberg. Madam Chairman, I didn't at all mean
    to say otherwise. We, from our point of view and from my point
    of view, would share all information requested by the
    committee. That was the qualification and it really isn't a
    qualification; it's something that would be beyond my control.
        Chairman Feinstein. Well, I just want everybody to know if
    the committee were to ask for it, we expect to get it unless
    there's not a good reason----
        Ambassador Goldberg. I understand.
        Chairman Feinstein [continuing]. Or you're going to have to
    tangle with us and you don't want to do that.
        Ambassador Goldberg. No.
        Chairman Feinstein. Okay. Last question. Will you ensure
    that your respective offices provide such material to the
    committee when requested?
        Ambassador Goldberg. Yes.
        Ms. Wagner. Yes.
        Chairman Feinstein. Okay. Let me ask each one of you one
    question and then I'll move on. Ms. Wagner, in testimony before
    the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee on
    September 30 of this year, DHS Secretary Napolitano noted that
    I&A is ``currently undergoing an important realignment to
    strengthen the delivery of useful, actionable intelligence to
    state and local law enforcement based on their particular
    needs.'' Here's the question. Have you been briefed on this
    realignment and do you support it?
        Ms. Wagner. Yes, Madam Chairman, I have been briefed.
        And the realignment is still ongoing. It has not been
    finalized, but Bart Johnson did brief me on what he is
    proposing to do at the top level. I think it makes sense, but I
    would like to reserve the right, if confirmed, to be able to
    make adjustments to that, and so I would prefer to come up and
    brief you after I'm confirmed, if I'm confirmed, on where that
    is.
        Chairman Feinstein. Well, if I understand you correctly,
    you're saying that you will have some input into the
    realignment.
        Ms. Wagner. Yes, Madam Chairman.
        Chairman Feinstein. And therefore it is not finalized and
    that you would----
        Ms. Wagner. It is not finalized.
        Chairman Feinstein [continuing]. Well, we will take you at
    your word because I think it's fair to say that there's some
    weaknesses in your area and we'd like to see them corrected, so
    the correction that you can bring about could be very important
    and we'd like to have you discuss that with us, if that's
    agreeable with you.
        Ms. Wagner. Yes, Madam Chairman.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you very much.
        Let me move to Mr. Goldberg. We talked this morning about
    the fact that you have not previously worked in an intelligence
    agency or produced intelligence analysis. Now, you do have
    significant experience in a lot of different areas--in
    receiving it in particular. And so, in my view at least, you're
    clearly qualified for this work. But can you give the committee
    some specific examples from your background of when you have
    provided judgments that run counter to policy preferences?
        Ambassador Goldberg. I think the kinds of policy analysis
    and just plain analytical work that I've done, particularly on
    the Balkans in the 1990s, oftentimes was in a difficult
    atmosphere. When we were debating within the United States
    government about whether to intervene first in Bosnia, later in
    Kosovo, and those kinds of issues were ones that I was
    fortunate enough to be able to weigh in on and give my
    unvarnished view on, I think in part because of the people I
    worked for, but also because I felt that it was important to do
    so.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you. I'm not going to ask you
    what your views were, but I think it's very important. One of
    the things that we want to see are really independent
    intelligence agencies that give policymakers the unvarnished
    truth as they see it and are not swayed by what they perceive
    an administration or anybody else for that matter might want.
        Ambassador Goldberg. Absolutely. I agree.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you.
        Mr. Vice Chairman.
        Vice Chairman Bond. Thank you, Madam Chair.
        Following up, Ms. Wagner, on the questions from the Chair,
    what do you think should be the primary focus of I&A--
    operational support of its components and fusion centers,
    disseminating finished intelligence products and unclassified
    information, or some other thing? And what would be your
    priorities?
        Ms. Wagner. Senator Bond, I think that the primary mission
    of I&A is spelled out in the legislation. What Congress expects
    of it is to share information with the state, local, tribal,
    and private sector entities. And I&A, as far as I can tell, is
    the only element of the intelligence community that views those
    people as its primary customer set. It also, as a departmental
    intelligence element, has the responsibility to support the
    other elements of the department and to sort of orchestrate the
    intelligence symphony, if you will, of the intelligence
    elements within the various components.
        So I think those two things are key, but it also goes back
    to what you had said in your opening comments, that sharing
    flows both ways. We need to make sure that they're the clients,
    but we also need to be aware that they have a wealth of
    information that needs to be synthesized and analyzed and
    shared with the larger intelligence community to support
    national intelligence as well.
        Vice Chairman Bond. Do you think you'd be able to provide
    training for the representatives of the local law enforcement
    agencies so they will be able to carry back to their forces, to
    their teams, what information, what activities may be useful?
    Do you see that being----
        Ms. Wagner. I do. I think that the department and I&A can
    do a lot by providing training. I know the Secretary wants to
    support analytic excellence at the fusion centers. That's
    certainly an area where I&A can help with training, and the
    department is already helping with developing training on
    ensuring that privacy, civil rights and civil liberties are
    protected. And at the fusion centers there's a great deal that
    can be done, and I think training is a key element.
        Vice Chairman Bond [continuing]. Thank you, Ms. Wagner.
        Ambassador, you said, ``On issues of war and peace,
    nonproliferation, climate change and the economic and financial
    situation around the globe, our leaders need and deserve the
    very best information and analysis before making difficult
    decisions.'' Do you really believe that studying climate change
    is really the best use of our limited intelligence analysis
    resources?
        Ambassador Goldberg. I believe that it is one area. It is
    largely a scientific issue and probably not INR's--necessarily
    its competence to judge. But we are involved in negotiations in
    the climate change area, and policymakers would need
    information and analysis on the positions of others and how
    they would approach these issues. And so it would be more in
    line with our more traditional diplomatic role.
        Vice Chairman Bond. All right. Well, I assume, given recent
    revelations, you might be looking into the process of some of
    the analysis that came out of certain so-called scientific
    institutions. But that may be beyond your scope.
        I mentioned to you that INR has developed a reputation for
    being a dissenting voice in intelligence community products.
    And I think some INR analysts believe this is a positive, but
    I've heard from others that it may be a negative because
    continuing dissent may make those views ignored. What's your
    view about this type of reputation? Is it a problem? What could
    you do to change the perception without impacting INR's
    independence?
        Ambassador Goldberg. I think, Mr. Vice Chairman, that the
    reputation of INR is also for feistiness and independence,
    which is something to be encouraged in the production of
    intelligence analysis.
        I took your statement very much to heart when we had a
    chance to meet, and I went back to look at estimates this year.
    And without going into the details of the estimates, there was
    less than--I think it was three out of 13 that there were
    either--two of them were dissents in part and one was more or
    less a more general dissent. So I don't know that it's a huge
    issue, but certainly I want to encourage our analysts to use
    their best judgment and to put their best thoughts forward.
    That's I think my responsibility.
        Vice Chairman Bond. Finally, one of the responses you made
    to the committee's questions--you said the role of the
    Assistant Secretary is ``to play a key role in assuring that
    diplomatic and foreign policy positions are represented in the
    formulation of intelligence policy and activities.'' Can you
    explain what that means?
        Ambassador Goldberg. It means, Mr. Vice Chairman, that we
    have a responsibility to assure that foreign policy concerns
    are one consideration and that the regional assistant
    secretaries and the Secretary have a voice in that process. I
    would view INR's role as very much that of an honest broker
    because we have a responsibility certainly to the intelligence
    community and we want to make sure that the intelligence flow
    continues. But foreign policy is one consideration, and that is
    a role that is designated to INR and to the State Department,
    so it's one that within the councils of the IC is one of many
    factors that would be taken into consideration.
        Vice Chairman Bond. So policy positions would affect
    intelligence operations?
        Ambassador Goldberg. No, sir. Maybe I didn't express it
    well. It's more of a risk-reward kind of issue, to point out
    the possible downsides, possible damage, the possible
    consequences if something happens so that that's known up front
    before something would occur so that it can be taken into
    account at that time.
        Vice Chairman Bond. Thank you, Mr. Ambassador.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you very much, Mr. Vice Chairman.
        Senator Whitehouse.
        Senator Whitehouse. Thank you, Chairman Feinstein.
        Could I ask each of you, first of all, about cyber security
    issues? It does not appear in either of your statements as a
    matter of concern, and I'm interested in knowing, A--briefly,
    because my time is short--what type of a priority you think it
    is, and, B, whether additional efforts on the part of your
    agency should, you think, be required.
        Ms. Wagner. Thank you, Senator. I'll take that one. I think
    it is obviously a critical issue and it is something that I've
    already looked into in the limited time I've had as a nominee.
    I know there are ongoing analytic efforts as part of the
    Critical Infrastructure Protection Analysis effort at the
    department. I don't know yet whether those are sufficient. I
    would expect, if I'm confirmed, one of the first things that I
    plan to do is to go talk to Phil Reitinger, who is the Deputy
    Under Secretary responsible for cyber, and talk to him about
    how I&A can effectively team with him to make sure he gets the
    analytic support that he needs.
        And I know that as this issue continues to evolve there's
    probably room to sort out exactly who's going to do what. But
    it's an area I expect to focus on. I was the cyber security
    coordinator for the HPSCI before I retired, so I'm very
    familiar with some of those issues.
        Senator Whitehouse. Good. Ambassador Goldberg.
        Ambassador Goldberg. Senator, I agree. It is an absolutely
    critical issue. It's one that INR has taken the lead role in at
    the State Department in organizing us to deal with a critical
    issue. We are still in a bit of a state of flux on some of the
    cyber issues in terms of organization because INR, as the link
    with the intelligence community, has a very large role, but
    some of the issues that may be coming up in the years to come
    will be diplomatic missions, as well, and that's not a
    traditional INR role.
        We are organized to deal with the internal issues for the
    State Department in terms of our cyber issues. I have already
    had a discussion, a brief one, with General Alexander about
    some of the larger issues involved. It's going to be a very
    important foreign policy issue, as well. So we're on it, and we
    need to continue to follow it very closely and we will.
        Senator Whitehouse. On a second point, I think there is a
    strong bipartisan consensus on the part of this committee that
    we are sick to death of leaks out of the Executive Branch of
    government. And not only is it a bipartisan concern of this
    committee, but it's a bipartisan issue. There was leaking like
    a sieve in the Bush administration. It doesn't seem to have
    stopped with the change of administrations. And over and over
    again we are subjected to the unhelpful spectacle of, you know,
    having our staffs cleared out of a room for some hyper-secure
    briefing that we then read about a day later in The New York
    Times.
        And I would like to hear what--leaking is politics in
    Washington. It's the way people expand their turf and make
    their moves, and so a tolerance for it has developed that I
    think, frankly, needs to be adjusted. And I would like to hear
    both of you put yourselves on record on the subject of leaks,
    how seriously you will take their investigations, whether you
    will engage in them yourselves and how you consider that
    problem. Again, Ms. Wagner, if you could go first.
        Ms. Wagner. Well, Senator, I share your concern about leaks
    and also your perspective on why they happen. I do take them
    seriously. If I am confirmed and I have reason to believe that
    anyone in my organization is leaking, I will deal with that as
    a matter of management accountability. If it rises to a level
    that it requires that a crimes report be submitted, I would
    certainly support doing that.
        So I share your concern, and I'll take every action that I
    can to ensure that the leaks do not come from I&A if I'm
    confirmed.
        Senator Whitehouse. Thank you. Ambassador.
        Ambassador Goldberg. I share Ms. Wagner's statement. I
    would add that the personnel at INR are not involved in
    politics, and they shouldn't be involved in politics. They have
    no business being involved in politics, and if a leak were to
    be seen to be coming even from our general direction, it's
    something I would take very seriously.
        Senator Whitehouse. And each of you may very well be called
    upon to be witnesses or to make your staff available as
    witnesses in investigations of leaks that may take place higher
    up, but the trail is back through information developed by your
    organization. I assume I can hear you say that you will provide
    your full cooperation unstintingly to such investigations?
        Ambassador Goldberg. Yes.
        Senator Whitehouse. Thank you.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you very much.
        Before recognizing Senator Wyden, I'd like to point out
    that I have appointed a task force on cyber, which is a very
    serious concern to this committee. Senator Whitehouse heads
    that task force. Senator Mikulski and Senator Snowe are
    members, and they will be probably talking with you in a more
    serious nature at a later time. But it is of major importance
    to this committee, and I just wanted to have the opportunity to
    say that.
        Senator Wyden.
        Senator Wyden. Thank you, Madam Chair, and welcome to both
    nominees.
        Ms. Wagner, it seems to me there are some very serious
    problems that are now facing the Department of Homeland
    Security's intelligence unit and I want to ask you specifically
    about your response to several of those. And let me start by
    reading you a brief excerpt from a report that the committee
    approved unanimously earlier this year.
        And I quote here: ``The committee has raised a number of
    concerns with reports issued by the Department of Homeland
    Security Office of Intelligence and Analysis that
    inappropriately analyzed the legitimate activities of U.S.
    persons. These reports raised fundamental questions about the
    mission of the Office of Intelligence and Analysis, and often
    used certain questionable open source information as a basis of
    their conclusions.''
        Now the committee is not talking here about one instance.
    They are talking about a pattern, and this report was approved
    unanimously by the entire committee. So my first question is,
    if you're approved, what specific steps would you take to make
    sure that the office stops this inappropriate analysis of the
    legitimate activities of law-abiding Americans?
        Ms. Wagner. Well, Senator Wyden, I am aware of some of the
    troubling products that have been released from I&A in the
    past. And, if I'm confirmed, I intend to attack that several
    different ways. There are a couple of issues that are reflected
    in this product. One is basically poor tradecraft, lack of
    analytical rigor.
        The other is the problem with the failure to take into
    proper account privacy, civil rights, civil liberties and First
    Amendment-protected speech. And the problem with the
    definitions in one particular product was it did not draw a
    sufficient distinction between beliefs and actions. So I would
    put in place a very strict tradecraft training program, to
    include mentoring for the analysts.
        I would also ensure that there is training for everyone on
    the guidelines that we are to follow that flow from E.O. 12333
    and have been coordinated with the Justice Department to make
    sure that all of those concerns vis-a-vis privacy, civil rights
    and civil liberties are built into the products early on. And,
    finally, as a sort of insurance measure, I will make sure that
    there is in place a very thorough vetting process for review
    before those products are actually released.
        Senator Wyden. Do you believe that it is ever appropriate
    for your office to analyze the legitimate activities of law-
    abiding Americans?
        Ms. Wagner. No, Senator, I do not.
        Senator Wyden. Okay. Now, the Homeland Security Institute--
    and they're federally funded as a research center--conducted an
    independent evaluation of the office. The evaluation gave the
    office an overall ranking of 1.5 out of five with regard--I
    gather it's called ``general functionality.'' In particular it
    noted: ``Back office processes are ill-defined, inconsistent
    and ad hoc.'' And they stated, ``Planning, programming and
    budget processes are ill-defined and lack division manager
    involvement.'' Now you are a former chief financial officer for
    the agency, the budget director for the House Intelligence
    Committee. I assume you're up on these general issues.
        Do you agree with the independent evaluation?
        Ms. Wagner. Senator Wyden, I haven't had an opportunity to
    be briefed on all these processes in detail, but as far as I
    know, the evaluation is accurate, and I expect to make
    addressing those management issues and processes one of my top
    priorities if I'm confirmed.
        Senator Wyden. Since I'm running out of time, based on what
    you know now, what specific steps would you take to address
    these concerns from the independent analysis?
        Ms. Wagner. It seems to me that the primary problem is a
    lack of repeatable and transparent processes that give people
    trust in the organization and their leadership. And I think I
    would take steps to put those processes in place. I have done
    that before as the director for analysis and production at DIA
    leading a large analytic organization, and I think that I have
    the ability to address some of those issues. It will take a
    little bit of time, but I am going to make it a priority.
        Senator Wyden. Thank you, Madam Chair.
        Chairman Feinstein. Thank you, Senator. Senator Feingold.
        Senator Feingold. I thank the Chair and I want to thank the
    nominees for your willingness to serve in these positions. Last
    month, I had the pleasure of chairing a nomination hearing for
    Ambassador Goldberg at the Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
    so I'm going to address my questions to Ms. Wagner today.
        As Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis, you'll
    have responsibility for setting policies related to the
    collection, analysis, mining, dissemination and retention of
    open-source information, including on Americans. And, as I know
    you're aware, this is an important Homeland Security
    responsibility, but it's also fraught with privacy and civil
    liberties implications. For example, DHS sent open-source
    information to the Maryland state police about the First
    Amendment-protected protest activities of local anti-war
    groups, something that Senators Mikulski and Cardin and I
    expressed concerns about earlier this year.
        Ms. Wagner, what in your mind constitutes open-source
    information on Americans? And what is I&A's role in setting
    policies for how that information can be used?
        Ms. Wagner. Senator Feingold, I believe there are well-
    established guidelines and processes already in place that just
    need to be followed, and the analysts need to be rigorously
    trained. The language in E.O. 12333 that protects U.S. persons'
    data hasn't changed since 1981. There are guidelines that I&A
    is using, should be using, that flow from that, and that,
    again, have been coordinated with the Department of Justice.
        I believe that training, oversight and review-and-release
    mechanisms are critical to ensure that we are only using data
    that it is appropriate and lawful for us to use in accordance
    with all applicable laws and regulations.
        Senator Feingold. Well, Director Blair has said it is one
    thing for a private company to have detailed private
    information. It is another for the U.S. government, with all
    its power and authority, to have the same information. So when
    is it appropriate for the government to purchase from private
    companies data on Americans not suspected of any wrongdoing?
    And should that information be considered open source?
        Ms. Wagner. I don't believe so, Senator. I think that for
    us to have information, it needs to be tied to a legitimate
    intelligence requirement that we can defend. It needs to be
    consistent with our legal authorities and it needs to be
    handled consistent with the privacy guidelines that are laid
    out in the documents that I mentioned earlier.
        Senator Feingold. Okay. Then would it be fair to say--
    because a lot of Americans voluntarily put a lot of information
    on the Internet to be read by everyone, including government
    officials, would it be fair to say that there are limits to how
    much of that information can be retained and when it can be
    subjected to data mining?
        Ms. Wagner. Yes, I think there are limits, and, again, I
    think there are some very crucial legal tests that need to be
    met in dealing with that information.
        Senator Feingold. The FBI's authority to collect, retain,
    and use information on Americans are subject to statute and the
    Attorney General's guidelines and oversight. This and other
    committees periodically debate whether those authorities are
    too broad or not broad enough and whether the checks and
    balances are adequate, but members of Congress generally know
    where to look to understand the legal framework for what the
    FBI does. I&A, on the other hand, is a new institution. It has
    operated with little specific legal guidance governing
    intelligence activities that have a potential impact on
    Americans.
        Ms. Wagner, as I&A policies continue to take shape, where
    should this guidance come from? Is there a role for the
    Department of Justice and have you identified unresolved
    constitutional or statutory questions or other gaps in the
    legal guidance currently available to I&A? And if you
    identified those gaps, how would you go about resolving them?
        Ms. Wagner. I have not yet identified any gaps, but if I'm
    confirmed and I do, I think I intend to rely heavily on the
    department's Office of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties and the
    Privacy Office. I&A is in the process of hiring its own
    dedicated privacy officer.
        I would first look in-house for guidance on how to deal
    with appropriate information or programs, and then I would
    expect that we would deal with the Department of Justice if it
    required any changes to the guidelines that we currently
    operate under, which we did negotiate and consult with them on.
        Senator Feingold. Okay.
        I've long been concerned about the lack of a meaningful
    standard governing the seizure of travelers' laptop computers
    by the Department of Homeland Security. Can you tell me what
    I&A's policy is for obtaining, retaining, analyzing, and
    disseminating the contents of seized laptops?
        Ms. Wagner. Senator, as you know, I&A doesn't actually
    seize the laptops, but under certain circumstances if data that
    was in the laptops was provided to I&A, we'll treat it in
    accordance with all of the applicable laws and regulations on
    analyzing and storing that data.
        Senator Feingold. Would you commit to considering a policy
    whereby DHS must seek to obtain a warrant before it can hold
    the contents of a seized laptop for more than 24 hours?
        Ms. Wagner. Senator Feingold, I really don't feel I'm in a
    position to answer that question right now. I just don't know
    enough to answer it, but I'd be happy to come back and discuss
    that with you further if I am confirmed.
        Senator Feingold. Could you get back to me as soon as you
    can with your response on that?
        Ms. Wagner. Yes, I can.
        Senator Feingold. Thank you.
        I thank the Chair.
        Senator Wyden [presiding]. I thank my colleague.
        Senator Risch, welcome.
        No questions?
        Senator Risch. Pass.
        Senator Wyden. Senator Whitehouse, additional questions?
        Senator Whitehouse. I'm good.
        Senator Wyden. Ambassador Goldberg, one question for you.
    What role, in your view, Ambassador, do you believe the
    Assistant Secretary should play in ensuring that intelligence-
    sharing relationships support broader diplomatic relationships
    and, obviously, vice versa?
        Ambassador Goldberg. Senator, I think intelligence
    relationships, among others that take place with foreign
    governments, are very important and very strong contributors to
    our national security. They have to be done, obviously, with
    great care. Our particular interest in INR is that the chief of
    mission and his or her authorities as delegated by the
    President and the authorities conferred by the President be
    respected as the oversight for the executive branch at the
    embassy. That is the particular State Department interest.
        Senator Wyden. I thank you for that.
        My colleagues, still no questions?
        [No response.]
        Senator Wyden. We don't have anything further. Either of
    you, is there anything else the two of you would like to add?
        [No response.]
        Senator Wyden. The committee is going to have additional
    questions for the record. So it's clear to all Senators and
    staff, we ask that Members submit questions by 2:00 on Friday
    so it will be possible to send them to the nominees. It's the
    committee's intent to review your responses, and it will be our
    desire to vote this month.
        So, with that, the committee is adjourned.
        [Whereupon, at 3:26 p.m., the Committee adjourned.]
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