[Title 49 CFR ]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - October 1, 2023 Edition]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



[[Page i]]

          

          Title 49

Transportation


________________________

Parts 300 to 399

                         Revised as of October 1, 2023

          Containing a codification of documents of general 
          applicability and future effect

          As of October 1, 2023
                    Published by the Office of the Federal Register 
                    National Archives and Records Administration as a 
                    Special Edition of the Federal Register

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                            Table of Contents



                                                                    Page
  Explanation.................................................       v

  Title 49:
    SUBTITLE B--Other Regulations Relating to Transportation 
      (Continued)
          Chapter III--Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
          Administration, Department of Transportation               5
  Finding Aids:
      Table of CFR Titles and Chapters........................     739
      Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR......     759
      List of CFR Sections Affected...........................     769

[[Page iv]]





                     ----------------------------

                     Cite this Code: CFR
                     To cite the regulations in 
                       this volume use title, 
                       part and section number. 
                       Thus, 49 CFR 303.1 refers 
                       to title 49, part 303, 
                       section 1.

                     ----------------------------

[[Page v]]



                               EXPLANATION

    The Code of Federal Regulations is a codification of the general and 
permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the Executive 
departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The Code is divided 
into 50 titles which represent broad areas subject to Federal 
regulation. Each title is divided into chapters which usually bear the 
name of the issuing agency. Each chapter is further subdivided into 
parts covering specific regulatory areas.
    Each volume of the Code is revised at least once each calendar year 
and issued on a quarterly basis approximately as follows:

Title 1 through Title 16.................................as of January 1
Title 17 through Title 27..................................as of April 1
Title 28 through Title 41...................................as of July 1
Title 42 through Title 50................................as of October 1

    The appropriate revision date is printed on the cover of each 
volume.

LEGAL STATUS

    The contents of the Federal Register are required to be judicially 
noticed (44 U.S.C. 1507). The Code of Federal Regulations is prima facie 
evidence of the text of the original documents (44 U.S.C. 1510).

HOW TO USE THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

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Federal agencies to display an OMB control number with their information 
collection request.

[[Page vi]]

Many agencies have begun publishing numerous OMB control numbers as 
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[[Page vii]]

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    Oliver A. Potts,
    Director,
    Office of the Federal Register
    October 1, 2023







[[Page ix]]



                               THIS TITLE

    Title 49--Transportation is composed of nine volumes. The parts in 
these volumes are arranged in the following order: Parts 1-99, parts 
100-177, parts 178-199, parts 200-299, parts 300-399, parts 400-571, 
parts 572-999, parts 1000-1199, and part 1200 to end. The first volume 
(parts 1-99) contains current regulations issued under subtitle A--
Office of the Secretary of Transportation; the second volume (parts 100-
177) and the third volume (parts 178-199) contain the current 
regulations issued under chapter I--Pipeline and Hazardous Materials 
Safety Administration (DOT); the fourth volume (parts 200-299) contains 
the current regulations issued under chapter II--Federal Railroad 
Administration (DOT); the fifth volume (parts 300-399) contains the 
current regulations issued under chapter III--Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration (DOT); the sixth volume (parts 400-571) contains 
the current regulations issued under chapter IV--Coast Guard (DHS), and 
some of chapter V--National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (DOT); 
the seventh volume (parts 572-999) contains the rest of the regulations 
issued under chapter V--National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 
(DOT), and the current regulations issued under chapter VI--Federal 
Transit Administration (DOT), chapter VII--National Railroad Passenger 
Corporation (AMTRAK), and chapter VIII--National Transportation Safety 
Board; the eighth volume (parts 1000-1199) contains some of the current 
regulations issued under chapter X--Surface Transportation Board and the 
ninth volume (part 1200 to end) contains the rest of the current 
regulations issued under chapter X--Surface Transportation Board, 
chapter XI--Research and Innovative Technology Administration (DOT), and 
chapter XII--Transportation Security Administration (DHS). The contents 
of these volumes represent all current regulations codified under this 
title of the CFR as of October 1, 2023.

    In the volume containing parts 100-177, see Sec.  172.101 for the 
Hazardous Materials Table. The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 
appear in part 571.

    For this volume, Gabrielle E. Burns was Chief Editor. The Code of 
Federal Regulations publication program is under the direction of John 
Hyrum Martinez, assisted by Stephen J. Frattini.

[[Page 1]]



                        TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION




                  (This book contains parts 300 to 399)

  --------------------------------------------------------------------

  SUBTITLE B--Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued)

                                                                    Part

chapter iii--Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
  Department of Transportation..............................         303

[[Page 3]]

  Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued)

[[Page 5]]



CHAPTER III--FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF 
                             TRANSPORTATION




  --------------------------------------------------------------------


  Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to chapter III appear at 59 FR 
60323, Nov. 23, 1994; 60 FR 38742, July 28, 1995; and 69 FR 18803, Apr. 
9, 2004.

                    SUBCHAPTER A--GENERAL REGULATIONS
Part                                                                Page
300-302

[Reserved]

303             Civil rights................................           7
325             Compliance with interstate motor carrier 
                    noise emission standards................           7
         SUBCHAPTER B--FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS
350             Motor carrier safety assistance program 
                    (MCSAP) and high priority program.......          19
355

[Reserved]

356             Motor carrier routing regulations...........          36
360             Fees for motor carrier registration and 
                    insurance...............................          36
365             Rules governing applications for operating 
                    authority...............................          43
366             Designation of process agent................          60
367             Standards for registration with States......          62
368             Application for a certificate of 
                    registration to operate in 
                    municipalities in the United States on 
                    the United States-Mexico international 
                    border or within the commercial zones of 
                    such municipalities.....................          64
369             Reports of motor carriers...................          67
370             Principles and practices for the 
                    investigation and voluntary disposition 
                    of loss and damage claims and processing 
                    salvage.................................          72
371             Brokers of property.........................          75
372             Exemptions, commercial zones, and terminal 
                    areas...................................          79
373             Receipts and bills..........................         111
374             Passenger carrier regulations...............         113

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375             Transportation of household goods in 
                    interstate commerce; consumer protection 
                    regulations.............................         120
376             Lease and interchange of vehicles...........         149
377             Payment of transportation charges...........         156
378             Procedures governing the processing, 
                    investigation, and disposition of 
                    overcharge, duplicate payment, or 
                    overcollection claims...................         160
379             Preservation of records.....................         163
380             Special training requirements...............         167
381             Waivers, exemptions, and pilot programs.....         202
382             Controlled substances and alcohol use and 
                    testing.................................         209
383             Commercial driver's license standards; 
                    requirements and penalties..............         237
384             State compliance with commercial driver's 
                    license program.........................         283
385             Safety fitness procedures...................         297
386             Rules of practice for FMCSA proceedings.....         354
387             Minimum levels of financial responsibility 
                    for motor carriers......................         389
388

[Reserved]

389             Rulemaking procedures--Federal motor carrier 
                    safety regulations......................         413
390             Federal motor carrier safety regulations; 
                    general.................................         420
391             Qualifications of drivers and longer 
                    combination vehicle (LCV) driver 
                    instructors.............................         486
392             Driving of commercial motor vehicles........         529
393             Parts and accessories necessary for safe 
                    operation...............................         538
394

[Reserved]

395             Hours of service of drivers.................         628
396             Inspection, repair, and maintenance.........         693
397             Transportation of hazardous materials; 
                    driving and parking rules...............         707
398             Transportation of migrant workers...........         724
399             Employee safety and health standards........         731
Appendix A to Subchapter B [Reserved]
Appendix B to Subchapter B--Special Agents..................         734
Appendixes C-E to Subchapter B [Reserved]

[[Page 7]]



                    SUBCHAPTER A_GENERAL REGULATIONS



                        PARTS 300	302 [RESERVED]



PART 303_CIVIL RIGHTS--Table of Contents



Sec.
303.1 Purpose.
303.3 Application of this part.

    Authority: Public Law 105-159, 113 Stat. 1748, Title I, sections 
107(a) and 106 (Dec. 9, 1999) (49 U.S.C. 113); 42 U.S.C. 2000d, et seq.; 
and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 70 FR 7414, Feb. 14, 2005, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  303.1  Purpose.

    The purpose of this part is to provide guidelines and procedures for 
implementing the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's (FMCSA) 
Title VI program under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and 
related civil rights laws and regulations. For FMCSA-only programs or 
activities, Federal financial assistance recipients or grantees will 
continue to apply and use the Departmental Title VI provisions at 49 CFR 
part 21. For joint and multi-agency programs/projects, FMCSA Federal 
assistance recipients or grantees must use the Title VI requirements at 
49 CFR part 21, unless agreement is reached by the Federal funding 
agencies for the recipients to use the Title VI procedures of another 
agency.



Sec.  303.3  Application of this part.

    The provisions of this part are applicable to all elements of the 
FMCSA and to any program or activity for which Federal financial 
assistance is authorized under a law administered by the FMCSA. This 
part provides Title VI guidelines for State Departments of 
Transportation and local State agencies, including their sub-recipients, 
to implement Title VI. It also applies to money paid, property 
transferred, or other Federal financial assistance extended under any 
program of the FMCSA after the date of this part.



PART 325_COMPLIANCE WITH INTERSTATE MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS-
-Table of Contents



                      Subpart A_General Provisions

Sec.
325.1 Scope of the rules in this part.
325.3 [Reserved]
325.5 Definitions.
325.7 Allowable noise levels.
325.9 Measurement tolerances.

                   Subpart B_Administrative Provisions

325.11 Issuance, amendment, and revocation of the rules in this part.
325.13 Inspection and examination of motor vehicles.

                        Subpart C_Instrumentation

325.21 Scope of the rules in this subpart.
325.23 Type of measurement systems which may be used.
325.25 Calibration of measurement systems.
325.27 Use of a windscreen.

      Subpart D_Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations

325.31 Scope of the rules in this subpart.
325.33 Site characteristics; highway operations.
325.35 Ambient conditions; highway operations.
325.37 Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway 
          operations.
325.39 Measurement procedure; highway operations.

        Subpart E_Measurement of Noise Emissions; Stationary Test

325.51 Scope of the rules in this subpart.
325.53 Site characteristics; stationary test.
325.55 Ambient conditions; stationary test.
325.57 Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; 
          stationary test.
325.59 Measurement procedure; stationary test.

                      Subpart F_Correction Factors

325.71 Scope of the rules in this subpart.
325.73 Microphone distance correction factors.
325.75 Ground surface correction factors.
325.77 Computation of open site requirements--nonstandard sites.
325.79 Application of correction factors.

[[Page 8]]

                   Subpart G_Exhaust Systems and Tires

325.91 Exhaust systems.
325.93 Tires.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 4917; 49 U.S.C. 301; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 325 appear at 66 FR 
49869, Oct. 1, 2001.



                      Subpart A_General Provisions



Sec.  325.1  Scope of the rules in this part.

    (a) The rules in this part prescribe procedures for inspection, 
surveillance, and measurement of motor vehicles and motor vehicle 
equipment operated by motor carriers to determine whether those vehicles 
and that equipment conform to the Interstate Motor Carrier Noise 
Emission Standards of the Environmental Protection Agency, 40 CFR part 
202.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, the rules 
in this part apply to motor carriers engaged in interstate commerce. The 
rules apply at any time or under any condition of highway grade, load, 
acceleration or deceleration.
    (c) The rules in this part do not apply to--
    (1) A motor vehicle that has a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of 
10,000 pounds (4,536 kg.) or less;
    (2) A combination of motor vehicles that has a Gross Combination 
Weight Rating (GCWR) of 10,000 pounds (4,536 kg.) or less;
    (3) The sound generated by a warning device, such as a horn or 
siren, installed in a motor vehicle, unless such device is intentionally 
sounded in order to preclude an otherwise valid noise emission 
measurement;
    (4) An emergency motor vehicle, such as a fire engine, an ambulance, 
a police van, or a rescue van, when it is responding to an emergency 
call;
    (5) A snow plow in operation; or
    (6) The sound generated by auxiliary equipment which is normally 
operated only when the motor vehicle on which it is installed is stopped 
or is operating at a speed of 5 miles per hour (8 kph) or less, unless 
such device is intentionally operated at speeds greater than 5 mph (8 
kph) in order to preclude an otherwise valid noise measurement. Examples 
of that type of auxiliary equipment include, but are not limited to, 
cranes, asphalt spreaders, ditch diggers, liquid or slurry pumps, 
auxiliary air compressors, welders, and trash compactors.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 78 FR 58477, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  325.3  [Reserved]



Sec.  325.5  Definitions.

    (a) Statutory definitions. All terms defined in the Noise Control 
Act of 1972 (Pub. L. 92-574, 86 Stat. 1234) are used as they are defined 
in that Act.
    (b) Definitions in standards. All terms defined in Sec.  202.10 of 
the Interstate Motor Carrier Noise Emission Standards, 40 CFR 202.10, 
are used as they are defined in that section.
    (c) Additional definitions. (1) Hard test site means any test site 
having the ground surface covered with concrete, asphalt, packed dirt, 
gravel, or similar reflective material for more than \1/2\ the distance 
between the microphone target point and the microphone location point.
    (2) Soft test site means any test site having the ground surface 
covered with grass, other ground cover, or similar absorptive material 
for \1/2\ or more of the distance between the microphone target point 
and the microphone location point.
    (3) Ground cover means any of various low, dense-growing plants, 
such as ivy, myrtle, low weeds, or brush.
    (4) Traffic railing means any longitudinal highway traffic barrier 
system installed along the side or median of a highway. For the purpose 
of this part, a traffic railing must have at least 35 percent of its 
vertical height, from the ground surface to the top of the railing, open 
to free space in order to qualify as an acceptable object within a noise 
measurement test site. Further, for the purposes of this part, posts or 
other discrete supports shall be ignored when ascertaining open free 
space.
    (5) Relatively flat when used to describe a noise measurement site 
means a site which does not contain significant concave curvatures or 
slope reversals that may result in the focusing of

[[Page 9]]

sound waves toward the microphone location point.



Sec.  325.7  Allowable noise levels.

    Motor vehicle noise emissions, when measured according to the rules 
of this part, shall not exceed the values specified in Table 1.

                      Table 1--Maximum Permissible Sound Level Readings (Decibel (A)) \1 2\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        Highway operation test               Stationary tests
                                             -------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Soft site             Hard Site
                                             --------------------------------------------
                                               35 mi/h    Above 35   35 mi/h    Above 35   Soft site   Hard site
                                               or less      mi/h     or less      mi/h
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If the distance between the microphone
 location point and the microphone target
 point is--
    31 ft (9.5m) or more but less than 35 ft         87         91         89         93          89          91
     (10.7m)................................
    35 ft (10.7m) or more but less than 39           86         90         88         92          88          90
     ft (11.9m).............................
    39 ft (11.9m) or more but less than 43           85         89         87         91          87          89
     ft (13.1m).............................
    43 ft (13.1m) or more but less than 48           84         88         86         90          86          88
     ft (14.6m).............................
    48 ft (14.6m) or more but less than 58           83         87         85         89          85          87
     ft (17.1m).............................
    58 ft (17.1m) or more but less than 70           82         86         84         88          84          86
     ft (21.3m).............................
    70 ft (21.3m) or more but less than 83           81         85         83         87          83          85
     ft (25.3m).............................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The speeds shown refer to measurements taken at sites having speed limits as indicated. These speed limits
  do not necessarily have to be posted.
\2\ This table is based on motor carrier noise emission requirements specified in 40 CFR 202.20 and 40 CFR
  202.21.


[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 54 FR 50385, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec.  325.9  Measurement tolerances.

    (a) Measurement tolerances will be allowed to take into account the 
effects of the following factors:
    (1) The consensus standard practice of reporting filed sound level 
measurements to the nearest whole decibel.
    (2) Variations resulting from commercial instrument tolerances.
    (3) Variations resulting from the topography of the noise 
measurement site.
    (4) Variations resulting from atmospheric conditions such as wind, 
ambient temperature, and atmospheric pressure.
    (5) Variations resulting from reflected sound from small objects 
allowed within the test site.
    (6) The interpretation of the effects of the above cited factors by 
enforcement personnel.
    (b) Measurement tolerances shall not exceed 2 decibels for a given 
measurement.



                   Subpart B_Administrative Provisions



Sec.  325.11  Issuance, amendment, and revocation of the rules in this part.

    The procedures specified in part 389 of this chapter for the 
issuance, amendment, or revocation of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Regulations apply to rulemaking proceedings for the issuance, amendment, 
or revocation of the rules in this part.



Sec.  325.13  Inspection and examination of motor vehicles.

    (a) Any special agent of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration (designated in appendix B to subchapter B of this 
chapter) is authorized to inspect, examine, and test a motor vehicle 
operated by a motor carrier in accordance with the procedures specified 
in this part for the purpose of ascertaining whether the motor vehicle 
and equipment installed on the motor vehicle conforms to the Interstate

[[Page 10]]

Motor Carrier Noise Emission Standards of the Environmental Protection 
Agency, 40 CFR part 202.
    (b) A motor carrier, its officers, drivers, agents, and employees 
must, at any time, submit a motor vehicle used in its operations for 
inspection, examination, and testing for the purpose of ascertaining 
whether the motor vehicle and equipment installed on it conforms to the 
Interstate Motor Carrier Noise Emission Standards of the Environmental 
Protection Agency, 40 CFR part 202.
    (c) Prescribed inspection report. Form MCS-141, Noise Level 
Compliance Check shall be used to record findings from motor vehicles 
selected for noise emission inspection by authorized employees.
    (d) Motor carrier's disposition of form MCS-141. (1) The driver of 
any motor vehicle receiving a Form MCS-141 shall deliver such MCS-141 to 
the motor carrier operating the vehicle upon his/her arrival at the next 
terminal or facility of the motor carrier, if such arrival occurs within 
twenty-four (24) hours. If the driver does not arrive at a terminal or 
facility of the motor carrier operating the vehicle within twenty-four 
(24) hours he/she shall immediately mail the Form MCS-141 to the motor 
carrier. For operating convenience, motor carriers may designate any 
shop, terminal, facility, or person to which it may instruct its drivers 
to deliver or forward Form MCS-141. It shall be the sole responsibility 
of the motor carrier that Form MCS-141 is returned to the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration, in accordance with the terms prescribed 
thereon and in paragraphs (d) (2) and (3) of this section. A driver, if 
himself/herself a motor carrier, shall return Form MCS-141 to the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, in accordance with the 
terms prescribed thereon and in paragraphs (d) (2) and (3) of this 
section.
    (2) Motor carriers shall carefully examine Forms MCS-141. 
Appropriate corrective action shall be taken on vehicles found to be not 
in compliance with the requirements of this part.
    (3) Motor carriers must complete the ``Motor Carrier Certification 
of Action Taken'' on Form MCS-141 in accordance with the terms 
prescribed thereon. Motor carriers must return Forms MCS-141 to the 
Division Office at the address indicated on Form MCS-141 within fifteen 
(15) days following the date of the vehicle inspection.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10226, Mar. 10, 1976; 
54 FR 50385, Dec. 6, 1989; 60 FR 38743, July 28, 1995; 66 FR 49869, Oct. 
1, 2001; 78 FR 58477, Sept. 24, 2013]



                        Subpart C_Instrumentation



Sec.  325.21  Scope of the rules in this subpart.

    The rules in this subpart specify criteria for sound level 
measurement systems which are used to make the sound level measurements 
specified in subpart D and subpart E of this part.



Sec.  325.23  Type of measurement systems which may be used.

    The sound level measurement system must meet or exceed the 
requirements of American National Standard Specification for Sound Level 
Meters (ANSI S1.4-1971), approved April 27, 1971, issued by the American 
National Standards Institute, \1\ throughout the applicable frequency 
range for either:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Copies of the specification may be secured from the American 
National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York, 10018.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (a) A Type 1 sound level meter;
    (b) A Type 2 sound level meter; or
    (c) A Type S sound level meter which has--
    (1) A weighing frequency response;
    (2) Fast dynamic characteristics of its indicating instrument; and
    (3) A relative response level tolerance consistent with those of 
either a Type 1 or Type 2 sound level meter, as specified in section 3.2 
of ANSI S1.4-1971.



Sec.  325.25  Calibration of measurement systems.

    (a)(1) The sound level measurement system must be calibrated and 
appropriately adjusted at one or more frequencies in the range from 250 
to 1,000 Hz at the beginning of each series of measurements and at 
intervals of 5-15 minutes thereafter, until it has been determined that 
the sound level measurement system has not significantly drifted from 
its calibrated level. Once

[[Page 11]]

this fact has been established, calibrations may be made at intervals 
once every hour. A significant drift shall be considered to have 
occurred if a 0.3 dB or more excursion is noted from the system's 
predetermined reference calibration level. In the case of systems using 
displays with whole decibel increments, the operator may visually judge 
when the 0.3 dB drift has been met or exceeded.
    (2) The sound level measurement system must be checked periodically 
by its manufacturer, a representative of its manufacturer, or a person 
of equivalent special competence to verify that its accuracy meets the 
manufacturer's design criteria.
    (b) An acoustical calibrator of the microphone coupler type designed 
for the sound level measurement system in use shall be used to calibrate 
the sound level measurement system in accordance with paragraph (a) of 
this section. The calibration must meet or exceed the accuracy 
requirements specified in section 5.4.1 of the American National 
Standard Institute Standard Methods for Measurements of Sound Pressure 
Levels (ANSI S1.13-1971) for field method measurements.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10227, Mar. 10, 1976]



Sec.  325.27  Use of a windscreen.

    A properly installed windscreen, of the type recommended by the 
manufacturer of the Sound Level Measurement System, shall be used during 
the time that noise emission measurements are being taken.



      Subpart D_Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations



Sec.  325.31  Scope of the rules in this subpart.

    The rules in this subpart specify conditions and procedures for 
measurement of the sound level generated by a motor vehicle engaged in a 
highway operation for the purpose of ascertaining whether the motor 
vehicle conforms to the Standards for Highway Operations set forth in 40 
CFR 202.20.



Sec.  325.33  Site characteristics; highway operations.

    (a) Measurement shall be made at a test site which is adjacent to, 
and includes a portion of, a traveled lane of a public highway. A 
microphone target point shall be established on the centerline of the 
traveled lane of the highway, and a microphone location point shall be 
established on the ground surface not less than 31 feet (9.5 m) or more 
than 83 feet (25.3 m) from the microphone target point and on a line 
that is perpendicular to the centerline of the traveled lane of the 
highway and that passes through the microphone target point. In the case 
of a standard test site, the microphone location point is 50 feet (15.2 
m) from the microphone target point. Within the test site is a 
triangular measurement area. A plan view diagram of a standard test 
site, having an open site within a 50-foot (15.2 m) radius of both the 
microphone target point and the microphone location point, is shown in 
Figure 1. Measurements may be made at a test site having smaller or 
greater dimensions in accordance with the rules in subpart F of this 
part.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.010

    (b) The test site must be an open site, essentially free of large 
sound-reflecting objects. However, the following objects may be within 
the test site, including the triangular measurement area:
    (1) Small cylindrical objects such as fire hydrants or telephone or 
utility poles.
    (2) Rural mailboxes.

[[Page 12]]

    (3) Traffic railings of any type of construction except solid 
concrete barriers (see Sec.  325.5(c)(4)).
    (4) One or more curbs having a vertical height of 1 foot (.3 m) or 
less.
    (c) The following objects may be within the test site if they are 
outside of the triangular measurement area of the site:
    (1) Any vertical surface (such as billboard), regardless of size, 
having a lower edge more than 15 feet (4.6 m) higher than the surface of 
the traveled lane of the highway.
    (2) Any uniformly smooth sloping surface slanting away from the 
highway (such as a rise in grade alongside the highway) with a slope 
that is less than 45 degrees above the horizontal.
    (3) Any surface slanting away from the highway that is 45 degrees or 
more and not more than 90 degrees above the horizontal, if all points on 
the surface are more than 15 feet (4.6 m) above the surface of the 
traveled lane of the highway.
    (d) The surface of the ground within the measurement area must be 
relatively flat (see Sec.  325.5(c)(5)). The site shall be a ``soft'' 
test site. However, if the site is determined to be ``hard,'' the 
correction factor specified in Sec.  325.75(a) of this part shall be 
applied to the measurement.
    (e) The traveled lane of the highway within the test site must be 
dry, paved with relatively smooth concrete or asphalt, and substantially 
free of--
    (1) Holes or other defects which would cause a motor vehicle to emit 
irregular tire, body, or chassis impact noise; and
    (2) Loose material, such as gravel or sand.
    (f) The traveled lane of the highway on which the microphone target 
point is situated must not pass through a tunnel or underpass located 
within 200 feet (61 m) of that point.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 54 FR 50385, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec.  325.35  Ambient conditions; highway operations.

    (a)(1) Sound. The ambient A-weighted sound level at the microphone 
location point shall be measured, in the absence of motor vehicle noise 
emanating from within the clear zone, with fast meter response using a 
sound level measurement system that conforms to the rules of Sec.  
325.23.
    (2) The measured ambient level must be 10 dB(A) or more below that 
level specified in Sec.  325.7, Table 1, which corresponds to the 
maximum permissible sound level reading which is applicable at the test 
site at the time of testing.
    (b) Wind. The wind velocity at the test shall be measured at the 
beginning of each series of noise measurements and at intervals of 5-15 
minutes thereafter until it has been established that the wind velocity 
is essentially constant. Once this fact has been established, wind 
velocity measurements may be made at intervals of once every hour. Noise 
measurements may only be made if the measured wind velocity is 12 mph 
(19.3 kph) or less. Gust wind measurements of up to 20 mph (33.2 kph) 
are allowed.
    (c) Precipitation. Measurements are prohibited under any condition 
of precipitation, however, measurements may be made with snow on the 
ground. The ground surface within the measurement area must be free of 
standing water.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10227, Mar. 10, 1976; 
41 FR 28267, July 9, 1976]



Sec.  325.37  Location and operation of sound level measurement system;
highway operations.

    (a) The microphone of a sound level measurement system that conforms 
to the rules in Sec.  325.23 of this part shall be located at a height 
of not less than 2 feet (.6 m) nor more than 6 feet (1.8 M) above the 
plane of the roadway surface and not less than 3\1/2\ feet (1.1 m) above 
the surface on which the microphone stands. The preferred microphone 
height on flat terrain is 4 feet (1.2 m).
    (b)(1) When the sound level measurement system is hand-held or is 
otherwise monitored by a person located near its microphone, the holder 
must orient himself/herself relative to the highway in a manner 
consistent with the recommendation of the manufacturer of the sound 
level measurement system.
    (2) In no case shall the holder or observer be closer than 2 feet 
(.6 m) from the system's microphone, nor shall he/

[[Page 13]]

she locate himself/herself between the microphone and the vehicle being 
measured.
    (c) The microphone of the sound level measurement system shall be 
oriented toward the traveled lane of the highway at the microphone 
target point at an angle that is consistent with the recommendation of 
the system's manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the system does not 
recommend an angle of orientation for its microphone, the microphone 
shall be oriented toward the highway at an angle of not less than 70 
degrees and not more than perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the 
traveled lane of the highway at the microphone target point.
    (d) The sound level measurement system shall be set to the A-
weighting network and ``fast'' meter response mode.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10227, Mar. 10, 1976]



Sec.  325.39  Measurement procedure; highway operations.

    (a) In accordance with the rules in this subpart, a measurement 
shall be made of the sound level generated by a motor vehicle operating 
through the measurement area on the traveled lane of the highway within 
the test site, regardless of the highway grade, load, acceleration or 
deceleration.
    (b) The sound level generated by the motor vehicle is the highest 
reading observed on the sound level measurement system as the vehicle 
passes through the measurement area, corrected, when appropriate, in 
accordance with the rules in subpart F of this part. (Table 1 in Sec.  
325.7 lists the range of maximum permissible sound level readings for 
various test conditions.) The sound level of the vehicle being measured 
must be observed to rise at least 6 dB(A) before the maximum sound level 
occurs and to fall at least 6 dB(A) after the maximum sound level occurs 
in order to be considered a valid sound level reading.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10227, Mar. 10, 1976]



        Subpart E_Measurement of Noise Emissions; Stationary Test



Sec.  325.51  Scope of the rules in this subpart.

    (a) The rules in this subpart specify conditions and procedures for 
measuring the sound level generated by a vehicle when the vehicle's 
engine is rapidly accelerated from idle to governed speed at wide open 
throttle with the vehicle stationary, its transmission in neutral, and 
its clutch engaged, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the motor 
vehicle conforms to the Standard for Operation Under Stationary Test, 40 
CFR 202.21.
    (b) The rules in this subpart apply only to a motor vehicle that is 
equipped with an engine speed governor.
    (c) Tests conducted in accordance with the rules of this subpart may 
be made on either side of the vehicle.



Sec.  325.53  Site characteristics; stationary test.

    (a)(1) The motor vehicle to be tested shall be parked on the test 
site. A microphone target point shall be established on the ground 
surface of the site on the centerline of the lane in which the motor 
vehicle is parked at a point that is within 3 feet (.9 m) of the 
longitudinal position of the vehicle's exhaust system outlet(s). A 
microphone location point shall be established on the ground surface not 
less than 31 feet (9.5 m) and not more than 83 feet (25.3 m) from the 
microphone target point. Within the test site is a triangular 
measurement area. A plan view diagram of a standard test site, having an 
open site within a 50-foot (15.2 m) radius of both the microphone target 
point and the microphone location point, is shown in Figure 2.

[[Page 14]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.011

    (2) Measurements may be made at a test site having smaller or 
greater dimensions in accordance with the rules in subpart F of this 
part.
    (b) The test site must be an open site, essentially free of large 
sound-reflecting objects. However, the following objects may be within 
the test site, including the triangular measurement area:
    (1) Small cylindrical objects such as fire hydrants or telephone or 
utility poles.
    (2) Rural mailboxes.
    (3) Traffic railings of any type of construction except solid 
concrete barriers (see Sec.  325.5(c)(4)).
    (4) One or more curbs having a height of 1 foot (.3 m) or less.
    (c) The following objects may be within the test site if they are 
outside of the triangular measurement area of the site:
    (1) Any vertical surface, regardless of size (such as a billboard), 
having a lower edge more than 15 feet (4.6 m) above the ground.
    (2) Any uniformly smooth surface slanting away from the vehicle with 
a slope that is less than 45 degrees above the horizontal.
    (3) Any surface slanting away from the vehicle that is 45 degrees or 
more and not more than 90 degrees above the horizontal, if all points on 
the surface are more than 15 feet (4.6 m) above the surface of the 
ground in the test site.
    (d) The surface of the ground within the measurement area must be 
relatively flat. (See Sec.  325.5(c)(5)). The site shall be a ``hard'' 
site. However, if the site is determined to be ``soft,'' the correction 
factor specified in Sec.  325.75(b) of this part shall be applied to the 
measurement.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10227, Mar. 10, 1976; 
54 FR 50385, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec.  325.55  Ambient conditions; stationary test.

    (a)(1) Sound. The ambient A-weighted sound level at the microphone 
location point shall be measured, in the absence of motor vehicle noise 
emanating from within the clear zone, with fast meter response using a 
sound level measurement system that conforms to the rules of Sec.  
325.23.
    (2) The measured ambient level must be 10 dB(A) or more below that 
level specified in Sec.  325.7, Table 1, which corresponds to the 
maximum permissible sound level reading which is applicable at the test 
site at the time of testing.
    (b) Wind. The wind velocity at the test site shall be measured at 
the beginning of each series of noise measurements and at intervals of 
5-15 minutes thereafter until it has been established that the wind 
velocity is essentially constant. Once this fact has been established, 
wind velocity measurements may be made at intervals of once every hour. 
Noise measurements may only be made if the measured wind velocity is 12 
mph (19.3 kph) or less. Gust wind measurements of up to 20 mph (33.2 
kph) are allowed.
    (c) Precipitation. Measurements are prohibited under any conditions 
of precipitation, however, measurements may be made with snow on the 
ground. The ground within the measurement area must be free of standing 
water.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 28267, July 9, 1976]



Sec.  325.57  Location and operation of sound level measurement systems;
stationary test.

    (a) The microphone of a sound level measurement system that conforms 
to the rules in Sec.  325.23 shall be located at a height of not less 
than 2 feet (.6 m) nor more than 6 feet (1.8 m) above the plane of the 
roadway surface and not less than 3\1/2\ feet (1.1 m) above the surface 
on which the microphone stands. The preferred microphone height on flat 
terrain is 4 feet (1.2 m).

[[Page 15]]

    (b) When the sound level measurement system is hand-held or 
otherwise monitored by a person located near its microphone, the holder 
must orient himself/herself relative to the highway in a manner 
consistent with the recommendation of the manufacturer of the sound 
level measurement system. In no case shall the holder or observer be 
closer than 2 feet (.6 m) from the system's microphone, nor shall he/she 
locate himself/herself between the microphone and the vehicle being 
measured.
    (c) The microphone of the sound level measurement system shall be 
oriented toward the vehicle at an angle that is consistent with the 
recommendation of the system's manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the 
system does not recommend an angle of orientation for its microphone, 
the microphone shall be oriented at an angle of not less than 70 degrees 
and not more than perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the test site 
at the microphone target point.
    (d) The sound level measurement system shall be set to the A-
weighting network and ``fast'' meter response mode.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10227, Mar. 10, 1976]



Sec.  325.59  Measurement procedure; stationary test.

    In accordance with the rules in this subpart, a measurement shall be 
made of the sound level generated by a stationary motor vehicle as 
follows:
    (a) Park the motor vehicle on the test site as specified in Sec.  
325.53 of this subpart. If the motor vehicle is a combination 
(articulated) vehicle, park the combination so that the longitudinal 
centerlines of the towing vehicle and the towed vehicle or vehicles are 
in substantial alinement.
    (b) Turn off all auxiliary equipment which is installed on the motor 
vehicle and which is designed to operate under normal conditions only 
when the vehicle is operating at a speed of 5 mph (8 kph) or less. 
Examples of such equipment include cranes, asphalt spreaders, liquid or 
slurry pumps, auxiliary air compressors, welders, and trash compactors.
    (c) If the motor vehicle's engine radiator fan drive is equipped 
with a clutch or similar device that automatically either reduces the 
rotational speed of the fan or completely disengages the fan from its 
power source in response to reduced engine cooling loads, park the 
vehicle before testing with its engine running at high idle or any other 
speed the operator may choose, for sufficient time but not more than 10 
minutes, to permit the engine radiator fan to automatically disengage 
when the vehicle's noise emissions are measured under stationary test.
    (d) With the motor vehicle's transmission in neutral and its clutch 
engaged, rapidly accelerate the vehicle's engine from idle to its 
maximum governed speed with wide open throttle. Return the engine's 
speed to idle.
    (e) Observe the maximum reading on the sound level measurement 
system during the time the procedures specified in paragraph (d) of this 
section are followed. Record that reading, if the reading has not been 
influenced by extraneous noise sources such as motor vehicles operating 
on adjacent roadways.
    (f) Repeat the procedures specified in paragraphs (d) and (e) of 
this section until the first two maximum sound level readings that are 
within 2 dB(A) of each other are recorded. Numerically average those two 
maximum sound level readings. When appropriate, correct the average 
figure in accordance with the rules in subpart F of this part.
    (g) The average figure, corrected as appropriate, contained in 
accordance with paragraph (f) of this section, is the sound level 
generated by the motor vehicle for the purpose of determining whether it 
conforms to the Standard for Operation Under Stationary Test, 40 CFR 
202.21. (Table 1 in Sec.  325.7 lists the range of maximum permissible 
sound level readings for various test conditions.)

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 10226, Mar. 10, 1976]

[[Page 16]]



                      Subpart F_Correction Factors



Sec.  325.71  Scope of the rules in this subpart.

    (a) The rules in this subpart specify correction factors which are 
added to, or subtracted from, the reading of the sound level generated 
by a motor vehicle, as displayed on a sound level measurement system, 
during the measurement of the motor vehicle's sound level emissions at a 
test site which is not a standard site.
    (b) The purpose of adding or subtracting a correction factor is to 
equate the sound level reading actually generated by the motor vehicle 
to the sound level reading it would have generated if the measurement 
had been made at a standard test site.



Sec.  325.73  Microphone distance correction factors. \1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Table 1, in Sec.  325.7 is a tabulation of the maximum allowable 
sound level readings taking into account both the distance correction 
factors contained in Sec.  325.73 and the ground surface correction 
factors contained in Sec.  325.75.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    If the distance between the microphone location point and the 
microphone target point is other than 50 feet (15.2 m), the maximum 
observed sound level reading generated by the motor vehicle in 
accordance with Sec.  325.39 of this part or the numerical average of 
the recorded maximum observed sound level readings generated by the 
motor vehicle in accordance with Sec.  325.59 of this part shall be 
corrected as specified in the following table:

                  Table 2--Distance Correction Factors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               The value
                                                               dB(A) to
                                                              be applied
                                                                to the
  If the distance between the microphone location point and    observed
               the microphone target point is                    sound
                                                                 level
                                                                reading
                                                                 is--
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31 feet (9.5 m) or more but less than 35 feet (10.7 m)......          -4
35 feet (10.7 m) or more but less than 39 feet (11.9 m).....          -3
39 feet (11.9 m) or more but less than 43 feet (13.1 m).....          -2
43 feet (13.1 m) or more but less than 48 feet (14.6 m).....          -1
48 feet (14.6 m) or more but less than 58 feet (17.7 m).....           0
58 feet (17.7 m) or more but less than 70 feet (21.3 m).....         + 1
70 feet (21.3 m) or more but less than 83 feet (25.3 m).....         + 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 54 FR 50385, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec.  325.75  Ground surface correction factors. \1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Table 1, in Sec.  325.7 is a tabulation of the maximum allowable 
sound level readings taking into account both the distance correction 
factors contained in Sec.  325.73 and the ground surface correction 
factors contained in Sec.  325.75.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (a) Highway operations. When measurements are made in accordance 
with the rules in subpart D of this part upon a test site which is 
``hard,'' a correction factor of 2 dB(A) shall be subtracted from the 
maximum observed sound level reading generated by the motor vehicle to 
determine whether the motor vehicle conforms to the Standards for 
Highway Operations, 40 CFR 202.20.
    (b) Stationary test. When measurements are made in accordance with 
the rules in subpart E of this part upon a test site which is ``soft,'' 
a correction factor of 2 dB(A) shall be added to the numerical average 
of the recorded maximum observed sound level readings generated by the 
motor vehicle to determine whether the motor vehicle conforms to the 
Standard for Operation Under Stationary Test, 40 CFR 202.21.



Sec.  325.77  Computation of open site requirements--nonstandard sites.

    (a) If the distance between the microphone location point and the 
microphone target point is other than 50 feet (15.2 m), the test site 
must be an open site within a radius from both points which is equal to 
the distance between the microphone location point and the microphone 
target point.

[[Page 17]]

    (b) Plan view diagrams of nonstandard test sites are shown in 
Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 illustrates a test site which is larger than a 
standard test site and is based upon a 60-foot (18.3 m) distance between 
the microphone location point and the microphone target point. (See 
Sec.  325.79(b)(1) for an example of the application of the correction 
factor to a sound level reading obtained at such a site.) Figure 4 
illustrates a test site which is smaller than a standard test site and 
is based upon a 35-foot (10.7 m) distance between the microphone 
location point and the microphone target point. (See Sec.  325.79(b)(2) 
for an example of the application of the correction factor to a sound 
level reading obtained at such a site.)
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.012

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.013



Sec.  325.79  Application of correction factors.

    (a) If two correction factors apply to a measurement they are 
applied cumulatively.
    (b) The following examples illustrate the application of correction 
factors to sound level measurement readings:
    (1) Example 1--Highway operations. Assume that a motor vehicle 
generates a maximum observed sound level reading of 86 dB(A) during a 
measurement in accordance with the rules in subpart D of this part. 
Assume also that the distance between the microphone location point and 
the microphone target point is 60 feet (18.3 m) and that the measurement 
area of the test site is acoustically ``hard.'' The corrected sound 
level generated by the motor vehicle would be 85 dB(A), calculated as 
follows:

 86 dB(A) Uncorrected reading
 + 1 dB(A) Distance correction factor
-2 dB(A) Ground surface correction factor
__________
 85 dB(A) Corrected reading

    (2) Example 2--Stationary test. Assume that a motor vehicle 
generates maximum sound level readings which average 88 dB(A) during a 
measurement in accordance with the rules in subpart E of this part. 
Assume also that the distance between the microphone location point and 
the microphone target point is 35 feet (10.7 m), and that the 
measurement area of the test site is acoustically ``soft.'' The 
corrected sound level generated by the motor vehicle would be 87 dB(A), 
calculated as follows:

 88 dB(A) Uncorrected average of readings
-3 dB(A) Distance correction factor
 + 2 dB(A) Ground surface correction factor
__________

 87 dB(A) Corrected reading



                   Subpart G_Exhaust Systems and Tires



Sec.  325.91  Exhaust systems.

    A motor vehicle does not conform to the visual exhaust system 
inspection requirements, 40 CFR 202.22, of the Interstate Motor Carrier 
Noise Emission Standards, if inspection of the exhaust system of the 
motor vehicle discloses that the system--

[[Page 18]]

    (a) Has a defect which adversely affects sound reduction, such as 
exhaust gas leaks or alteration or deterioration of muffler elements, 
(small traces of soot on flexible exhaust pipe sections shall not 
constitute a violation of this subpart);
    (b) Is not equipped with either a muffler or other noise dissipative 
device; or
    (c) Is equipped with a cut-out, by-pass, or similar device, unless 
such device is designed as an exhaust gas driven cargo unloading system.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 75 FR 57193, Sept. 20, 2010]



Sec.  325.93  Tires.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a motor 
vehicle does not conform to the visual tire inspection requirements, 40 
CFR 202.23, of the Interstate Motor Carrier Noise Emissions Standards, 
if inspection of any tire on which the vehicle is operating discloses 
that the tire has a tread pattern composed primarily of cavities in the 
tread (excluding sipes and local chunking) which are not vented by 
grooves to the tire shoulder or circumferentially to each other around 
the tire.
    (b) Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to a motor vehicle 
operated on a tire having a tread pattern of the type specified in that 
paragraph, if the motor carrier who operates the motor vehicle 
demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Administrator or his/her 
designee that either--
    (1) The tire did not have that type of tread pattern when it was 
originally manufactured or newly remanufactured; or
    (2) The motor vehicle generates a maximum sound level reading of 90 
dB(A) or less when measured at a standard test site for highway 
operations at a distance of 15.3 meters (50 feet) and under the 
following conditions:
    (i) The measurement must be made at a time and place and under 
conditions specified by the Administrator or his/her designee.
    (ii) The motor vehicle must be operated on the same tires that were 
installed on it when the inspection specified in paragraph (a) of this 
section occurred.
    (iii) The motor vehicle must be operated on a highway having a 
posted speed limit of more than 56.3 kph (35 mph).
    (iv) The sound level measurement must be made while the motor 
vehicle is operating at the posted speed limit.

[40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 60 FR 38743, July 28, 1995; 
66 FR 49869, Oct. 1, 2001]

[[Page 19]]



          SUBCHAPTER B_FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS





PART 350_MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (MCSAP) AND HIGH PRIORITY
PROGRAM--Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
350.101 What is the purpose of this part?
350.103 When do the financial assistance program changes take effect?
350.105 What definitions are used in this part?

                     Subpart B_MCSAP Administration

350.201 What is MCSAP?
350.203 What are the national MCSAP elements?
350.205 What entities are eligible for funding under MCSAP?
350.207 What conditions must a State meet to qualify for MCSAP funds?
350.209 How and when does a State apply for MCSAP funds using a CVSP?
350.211 What must a State include for the first year of the CVSP?
350.213 What must a State include for the second and third years of the 
          CVSP?
350.215 What response does a State receive to its CVSP?
350.217 How are MCSAP funds allocated?
350.219 How are MCSAP funds awarded under a continuing resolution or an 
          extension of FMCSA's authorization?
350.221 How long are MCSAP funds available to a State?
350.223 What are the Federal and State shares of costs incurred under 
          MCSAP?
350.225 What MOE must a State maintain to qualify for MCSAP funds?
350.227 What activities are eligible for reimbursement under MCSAP?
350.229 What specific costs are eligible for reimbursement under MCSAP?
350.231 What are the consequences for failure to meet MCSAP conditions?

              Subpart C_MCSAP-Required Compatibility Review

350.301 What is the purpose of this subpart?
350.303 How does a State ensure compatibility?
350.305 What specific variances from the FMCSRs are allowed for State 
          laws and regulations applicable to intrastate commerce and are 
          not subject to Federal jurisdiction?
350.307 How may a State obtain a new exemption for State laws or 
          regulations for a specific industry involved in intrastate 
          commerce?
350.309 What are the consequences if a State has provisions that are not 
          compatible?

                     Subpart D_High Priority Program

350.401 What is the High Priority Program and what entities are eligible 
          for funding under the High Priority Program?
350.403 What are the High Priority Program objectives?
350.405 What conditions must an applicant meet to qualify for High 
          Priority Program funds?
350.407 How and when does an eligible entity apply for High Priority 
          Program funds?
350.409 What response will an applicant receive under the High Priority 
          Program?
350.411 How long are High Priority Program funds available to a 
          recipient?
350.413 What are the Federal and recipient shares of costs incurred 
          under the High Priority Program?
350.415 What types of activities and projects are eligible for 
          reimbursement under the High Priority Program?
350.417 What specific costs are eligible for reimbursement under the 
          High Priority Program?

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 504, 13902, 31101, 31102, 31104, 31106, 31108, 
31136, 31141, 31161, 31310, 31311, 31502; secs. 5106 and 5107, Pub. L. 
114-94, 129 Stat. 1312, 1530; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 85 FR 37796, June 24, 2020, unless otherwise noted.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  350.101  What is the purpose of this part?

    The purpose of this part is to provide direction for entities 
seeking MCSAP or High Priority Program funding to improve motor carrier, 
CMV, and driver safety.



Sec.  350.103  When do the financial assistance program changes take effect?

    The changes to the FMCSA financial assistance programs under this 
part take effect for fiscal year 2021 (beginning October 1, 2020) 
financial assistance funds and beyond.

[[Page 20]]



Sec.  350.105  What definitions are used in this part?

    Unless specifically defined in this section, terms used in this part 
are subject to the definitions in 49 CFR part 390. As used in this part:
    Administrative takedown funds means funds FMCSA deducts each fiscal 
year from the amounts made available for MCSAP and the High Priority 
Program for expenses incurred by FMCSA for training State and local 
government employees and for the administration of the programs.
    Administrator means the administrator of FMCSA.
    Border State means a State that shares a land border with Canada or 
Mexico.
    Commercial motor vehicle (CMV) means a motor vehicle that has any of 
the following characteristics:
    (1) A gross vehicle weight (GVW), gross vehicle weight rating 
(GVWR), gross combination weight (GCW), or gross combination weight 
rating (GCWR) of 4,537 kilograms (10,001 pounds) or more.
    (2) Regardless of weight, is designed or used to transport 16 or 
more passengers, including the driver.
    (3) Regardless of weight, is used in the transportation of hazardous 
materials and is required to be placarded pursuant to 49 CFR part 172, 
subpart F.
    Commercial vehicle safety plan (CVSP) means a State's CMV safety 
objectives, strategies, activities, and performance measures that cover 
a 3-year period, including the submission of the CVSP for the first year 
and annual updates thereto for the second and third years.
    Compatible or compatibility means State laws, regulations, 
standards, and orders on CMV safety that:
    (1) As applicable to interstate commerce not involving the movement 
of hazardous materials:
    (i) Are identical to or have the same effect as the FMCSRs; or
    (ii) If in addition to or more stringent than the FMCSRs, have a 
safety benefit, do not unreasonably frustrate the Federal goal of 
uniformity, and do not cause an unreasonable burden on interstate 
commerce when enforced;
    (2) As applicable to intrastate commerce not involving the movement 
of hazardous materials:
    (i) Are identical to or have the same effect as the FMCSRs; or
    (ii) Fall within the limited variances from the FMCSRs allowed under 
Sec.  350.305 or Sec.  350.307; and
    (3) As applicable to interstate and intrastate commerce involving 
the movement of hazardous materials, are identical to the HMRs.
    FMCSA means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration of the 
United States Department of Transportation.
    FMCSRs means:
    (1) The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations under parts 390, 
391, 392, 393, 395, 396, and 397 of this subchapter; and
    (2) Applicable standards and orders issued under these provisions.
    HMRs means:
    (1) The Federal Hazardous Materials Regulations under subparts F and 
G of part 107, and parts 171, 172, 173, 177, 178, and 180 of this title; 
and
    (2) Applicable standards and orders issued under these provisions.
    High Priority Program funds means total funds available for the High 
Priority Program, less the administrative takedown funds.
    Investigation means an examination of motor carrier operations and 
records, such as drivers' hours of service, maintenance and inspection, 
driver qualification, commercial driver's license requirements, 
financial responsibility, crashes, hazardous materials, and other safety 
and transportation records, to determine whether a motor carrier meets 
safety standards, including the safety fitness standard under Sec.  
385.5 of this subchapter, or, for intrastate motor carrier operations, 
the applicable State standard.
    Lead State Agency means the State CMV safety agency responsible for 
administering the CVSP throughout a State.
    Maintenance of effort (MOE) means the level of a State's financial 
expenditures, other than the required match, the Lead State Agency is 
required to expend each fiscal year in accordance with Sec.  350.225.
    Motor carrier means a for-hire motor carrier or private motor 
carrier. The term includes a motor carrier's agents, officers, and 
representatives, as well as

[[Page 21]]

employees responsible for hiring, supervising, training, assigning, or 
dispatching a driver or an employee concerned with the installation, 
inspection, and maintenance of motor vehicle equipment or accessories.
    Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program (MCSAP) funds means total 
formula grant funds available for MCSAP, less the administrative 
takedown funds.
    New entrant safety audit means the safety audit of an interstate 
motor carrier that is required as a condition of MCSAP eligibility under 
Sec.  350.207(a)(26), and, at the State's discretion, an intrastate new 
entrant motor carrier under 49 U.S.C. 31144(g) that is conducted in 
accordance with subpart D of part 385 of this subchapter.
    North American Standard Inspection means the methodology used by 
State CMV safety inspectors to conduct safety inspections of CMVs. This 
consists of various levels of inspection of the vehicle or driver or 
both. The inspection criteria are developed by FMCSA in conjunction with 
the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA), which is an association 
of States, Canadian Provinces, and Mexico whose members agree to adopt 
these standards for inspecting CMVs in their jurisdiction.
    State means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, 
American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the 
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands, unless 
otherwise specified in this part.
    Traffic enforcement means the stopping of vehicles operating on 
highways for moving violations of State, Tribal, or local motor vehicle 
or traffic laws by State, Tribal, or local officials.



                     Subpart B_MCSAP Administration



Sec.  350.201  What is MCSAP?

    (a) General. MCSAP is a Federal formula grant program that provides 
financial assistance to States to reduce the number and severity of 
crashes, and resulting injuries and fatalities, involving CMVs and to 
promote the safe transportation of passengers and hazardous materials. 
The goal of MCSAP is to reduce CMV-involved crashes, fatalities, and 
injuries through consistent, uniform, and effective CMV safety programs 
that include driver or vehicle inspections, traffic enforcement, carrier 
investigations, new entrant safety audits, border enforcement, safety 
data improvements, and Performance and Registration Information Systems 
Management (PRISM).
    (b) MCSAP purpose. The purpose of MCSAP is to ensure FMCSA and 
States, local government agencies, other political jurisdictions, 
Federally-recognized Indian Tribes, and other organizations and persons 
work in partnership to establish programs to improve motor carrier, CMV, 
and driver safety to support a safe and efficient transportation system 
by--
    (1) Making targeted investments to promote safe CMV transportation, 
including transportation of passengers and hazardous materials;
    (2) Investing in activities likely to generate maximum reductions in 
the number and severity of CMV crashes and in fatalities resulting from 
CMV crashes;
    (3) Adopting and enforcing effective and compatible (as defined in 
Sec.  350.105 of this part) motor carrier, CMV, and driver safety laws, 
regulations, standards, and orders; and
    (4) Assessing and improving State-wide performance of motor carrier, 
CMV, and driver safety by setting program goals and meeting performance 
standards, measurements, and benchmarks.
    (c) State participation. MCSAP sets conditions of participation for 
States and promotes the adoption and uniform enforcement of compatible 
laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety.



Sec.  350.203  What are the national MCSAP elements?

    The national MCSAP elements are:
    (a) Driver inspections;
    (b) Vehicle inspections;
    (c) Traffic enforcement;
    (d) Investigations;
    (e) New entrant safety audits;
    (f) CMV safety programs focusing on international commerce in Border 
States;

[[Page 22]]

    (g) Beginning October 1, 2020, full participation in PRISM or an 
acceptable alternative as determined by the Administrator;
    (h) Accurate, complete, timely, and corrected data;
    (i) Public education and awareness; and
    (j) Other elements that may be prescribed by the Administrator.



Sec.  350.205  What entities are eligible for funding under MCSAP?

    Only States are eligible to receive MCSAP grants directly from 
FMCSA.



Sec.  350.207  What conditions must a State meet to qualify for 
MCSAP funds?

    (a) General. To qualify for MCSAP funds, a State must:
    (1) Designate a Lead State Agency;
    (2) Assume responsibility for improving motor carrier safety by 
adopting and enforcing compatible (as defined in Sec.  350.105 of this 
part) laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety, except as 
may be determined by the Administrator to be inapplicable to a State 
enforcement program;
    (3) Ensure that the State will cooperate in the enforcement of 
financial responsibility requirements under part 387 of this subchapter;
    (4) Provide that the State will enforce the registration 
requirements under 49 U.S.C. 13902 and 31134 by prohibiting the 
operation of any vehicle discovered to be operated by a motor carrier 
without a registration issued under those sections or operated beyond 
the scope of the motor carrier's registration;
    (5) Provide a right of entry (or other method a State may use that 
is adequate to obtain necessary information) and inspection to carry out 
the CVSP;
    (6) Give satisfactory assurances in its CVSP that the Lead State 
Agency and any subrecipient of MCSAP funds have the legal authority, 
resources, and qualified personnel (including individuals certified in 
accordance with 49 CFR part 385, subpart C, to perform inspections, 
audits, and investigations) necessary to enforce compatible laws, 
regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety;
    (7) Provide satisfactory assurances that the State will undertake 
efforts that will emphasize and improve enforcement of State and local 
traffic laws and regulations on CMV safety;
    (8) Give satisfactory assurances that the State will devote adequate 
resources to the administration of the CVSP throughout the State, 
including the enforcement of compatible laws, regulations, standards, 
and orders on CMV safety;
    (9) Provide that the MOE of the Lead State Agency will be maintained 
each fiscal year in accordance with Sec.  350.225;
    (10) Provide that all reports required in the CVSP be available to 
FMCSA upon request, meet the reporting requirements, and use the forms 
for recordkeeping, inspections, and investigations that FMCSA 
prescribes;
    (11) Implement performance-based activities, including deployment 
and maintenance of technology, to enhance the efficiency and 
effectiveness of CMV safety programs;
    (12) Establish and dedicate sufficient resources to a program to 
ensure that accurate, complete, and timely motor carrier safety data are 
collected and reported, and to ensure the State's participation in a 
national motor carrier safety data correction system prescribed by 
FMCSA;
    (13) Ensure that the Lead State Agency will coordinate the CVSP, 
data collection, and information systems with the State highway safety 
improvement program under 23 U.S.C. 148(c);
    (14) Ensure participation in information technology and data systems 
as required by FMCSA for jurisdictions receiving MCSAP funding;
    (15) Ensure that information is exchanged with other States in a 
timely manner;
    (16) Grant maximum reciprocity for inspections conducted under the 
North American Standard Inspection Program through the use of a 
nationally accepted system that allows ready identification of 
previously inspected CMVs;
    (17) Provide that the State will conduct comprehensive and highly 
visible traffic enforcement and CMV safety inspection programs in high-
risk locations and corridors;

[[Page 23]]

    (18) Ensure that driver or vehicle inspections will be conducted at 
locations that are adequate to protect the safety of drivers and 
enforcement personnel;
    (19) Except in the case of an imminent or obvious safety hazard, 
ensure that an inspection of a vehicle transporting passengers for a 
motor carrier of passengers is conducted at a bus station, terminal, 
border crossing, maintenance facility, destination, or other location 
where a motor carrier may make a planned stop (excluding a weigh 
station);
    (20) Provide satisfactory assurances that the State will address 
activities in support of the national program elements listed in Sec.  
350.203, including activities:
    (i) Aimed at removing impaired CMV drivers from the highways through 
adequate enforcement of regulations on the use of alcohol and controlled 
substances and by ensuring ready roadside access to alcohol detection 
and measuring equipment;
    (ii) Aimed at providing training to MCSAP personnel to recognize 
drivers impaired by alcohol or controlled substances; and
    (iii) Related to criminal interdiction, including human trafficking, 
when conducted with an appropriate CMV inspection and appropriate 
strategies for carrying out those interdiction activities, including 
interdiction activities that affect the transportation of controlled 
substances (as defined in section 102 of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse 
Prevention and Control Act of 1970 (21 U.S.C. 802) and listed in 21 CFR 
part 1308) by any occupant of a CMV;
    (21) Ensure that detection of criminal activities and size and 
weight activities described in Sec.  350.227(b), if financed through 
MCSAP funds, will not diminish the effectiveness of the development and 
implementation of the programs to improve motor carrier, CMV, and driver 
safety;
    (22) Ensure consistent, effective, and reasonable sanctions;
    (23) Provide that the State will include in the training manuals for 
the licensing examinations to drive a CMV and non-CMV information on 
best practices for driving safely in the vicinity of CMVs and non-CMVs;
    (24) Require all registrants of CMVs to demonstrate their knowledge 
of applicable FMCSRs, HMRs, or compatible State laws, regulations, 
standards, and orders on CMV safety;
    (25) Ensure that the State transmits to inspectors the notice of 
each Federal exemption granted under subpart C of part 381 of this 
subchapter and Sec. Sec.  390.23 and 390.25 of this subchapter that 
relieves a person or class of persons in whole or in part from 
compliance with the FMCSRs or HMRs that has been provided to the State 
by FMCSA and identifies the person or class of persons granted the 
exemption and any terms and conditions that apply to the exemption;
    (26) Subject to paragraphs (b) and (c)(1) of this section, conduct 
new entrant safety audits of interstate and, at the State's discretion, 
intrastate new entrant motor carriers in accordance with subpart D of 
part 385 of this subchapter;
    (27) Subject to paragraph (c)(2) of this section, beginning October 
1, 2020, participate fully in PRISM by complying with the conditions for 
full participation, or receiving approval from the Administrator for an 
alternative approach for identifying and immobilizing a motor carrier 
with serious safety deficiencies in a manner that provides an equivalent 
level of safety;
    (28) Ensure that the State will cooperate in the enforcement of 
hazardous materials safety permits issued under subpart E of part 385 of 
this subchapter by verifying possession of the permit when required 
while conducting vehicle inspections and investigations, as applicable; 
and
    (29) For Border States, conduct a border CMV safety program focusing 
on international commerce that includes enforcement and related 
projects, or forfeit all funds allocated for border-related activities.
    (b) New entrant safety audits--Use of third parties. If a State uses 
a third party to conduct new entrant safety audits under paragraph 
(a)(26) of this section, the State must verify the quality of the work 
and the State remains solely responsible for the management and 
oversight of the audits.

[[Page 24]]

    (c) Territories. (1) The new entrant safety audit requirement under 
paragraph (a)(26) does not apply to American Samoa, the Commonwealth of 
the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, and 
the Virgin Islands.
    (2) The required PRISM participation date under paragraph (a)(27) of 
this section does not apply to American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the 
Virgin Islands.



Sec.  350.209  How and when does a State apply for MCSAP funds using
a CVSP?

    (a) MCSAP application submission format. (1) The CVSP is a 3-year 
plan.
    (2) The first year of the CVSP varies by State, depending on when 
the State implemented the CVSP.
    (3) For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead State Agency must 
submit a CVSP projecting programs and projects covering 3 years and a 
budget for the first fiscal year for which the CVSP is submitted, as 
explained in Sec.  350.211.
    (4) For the second and third years of the CVSP, the Lead State 
Agency must submit an annual update and budget for that fiscal year and 
any other needed adjustments or changes to the CVSP, as explained in 
Sec.  350.213.
    (b) MCSAP application submission deadline. (1) The Lead State Agency 
must submit the first year of the CVSP, or the annual updates, to FMCSA 
by the date prescribed in the MCSAP application announcement for the 
fiscal year.
    (2) The Administrator may extend for a period not exceeding 30 days 
the deadline prescribed in the MCSAP application announcement for 
document submission for good cause.



Sec.  350.211  What must a State include for the first year of the CVSP?

    (a) General. (1) For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead State 
Agency must submit a CVSP that complies with the MCSAP application 
announcement and, at a minimum, provides a performance-based program 
with a general overview section that includes:
    (i) A statement of the Lead State Agency's goal or mission; and
    (ii) A program summary of the effectiveness of prior activities in 
reducing CMV crashes, injuries, and fatalities and in improving driver 
and motor carrier safety performance.
    (2) The program summary must identify and address safety or 
performance problems in the State.
    (3) The program summary must use 12-month data periods that are 
consistent from year to year. This may be a calendar year, fiscal year, 
or any 12-month period for which the State's data is current.
    (4) The program summary must show trends supported by safety and 
program performance data collected over several years.
    (b) National MCSAP elements. (1) For the first year of the CVSP, the 
Lead State Agency must include a brief narrative describing how the 
State CVSP addresses the national program elements listed in Sec.  
350.203.
    (2) The CVSP must address each national program element even if 
there are no planned activities in a program area.
    (c) Resource allocation. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must explain the rationale for the State's resource 
allocation decisions.
    (d) Specific activities. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must have a narrative section that includes a description 
of how the CVSP supports:
    (1) Activities aimed at removing impaired CMV drivers from the 
highways through adequate enforcement of restrictions on the use of 
alcohol and controlled substances and by ensuring ready roadside access 
to alcohol detection and measuring equipment;
    (2) Activities aimed at providing an appropriate level of training 
to MCSAP personnel to recognize drivers impaired by alcohol or 
controlled substances;
    (3) Criminal interdiction activities and appropriate strategies for 
carrying out those interdiction activities, including human trafficking, 
and interdiction activities affecting the transportation of controlled 
substances by any occupant of a CMV; and
    (4) Activities to enforce registration requirements and to cooperate 
in the enforcement of financial responsibility

[[Page 25]]

requirements under Sec.  392.9a and part 387 of this subchapter.
    (e) Performance objectives. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must include performance objectives, strategies, and 
activities stated in quantifiable terms, that are to be achieved through 
the CVSP.
    (f) Monitoring. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead State 
Agency must include a description of the State's method for ongoing 
monitoring of the progress of the CVSP.
    (g) Budget. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead State Agency 
must include a budget for that year that describes the expenditures for 
allocable costs, such as personnel and related costs, equipment 
purchases, printing, information systems costs, and other eligible costs 
consistent with Sec.  350.229.
    (h) List of MCSAP contacts. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must include a list of MCSAP contacts.
    (i) Certification. (1) For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must certify that it has:
    (i) Met all the MCSAP conditions in Sec.  350.207; and
    (ii) Completed the annual review required by Sec.  350.303 and 
determined that State laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV 
safety are compatible (as defined in Sec.  350.105 of this part).
    (2) If a State law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety is 
no longer compatible, the certifying official must explain the State's 
plan to address the discrepancy.
    (3) A certification under this paragraph must reflect that the 
certifying official has authority to make the certification on behalf of 
the State.
    (j) New or amended laws. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must submit to FMCSA a copy of any new or amended law, 
regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety that was enacted by the 
State since the prior year's submission.
    (k) Further submissions. For the first year of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must also submit other information required, as described 
in the MCSAP application announcement for that fiscal year.



Sec.  350.213  What must a State include for the second and third years
of the CVSP?

    (a) General. For the second and third years of the CVSP, a Lead 
State Agency must submit an annual update that complies with the MCSAP 
application announcement and, at a minimum, must include program goals, 
certifications, and other information revised since the prior year's 
submission, and the items listed in paragraphs (b) to (g) of this 
section.
    (b) Budget. For the second and third years of the CVSP, the Lead 
State Agency must include a budget that supports the applicable fiscal 
year of the CVSP and describes the expenditures for allocable costs, 
such as personnel and related costs, equipment purchases, printing, 
information systems costs, and other eligible costs consistent with 
Sec.  350.229.
    (c) Resource allocation. For the second and third years of the CVSP, 
the Lead State Agency must explain the rationale for the State's 
resource allocation decisions.
    (d) List of MCSAP contacts. For the second and third years of the 
CVSP, the Lead State Agency must include a list of MCSAP contacts.
    (e) Certification. (1) For the second and third years of the CVSP, 
the Lead State Agency must certify that it has:
    (i) Met all the MCSAP conditions in Sec.  350.207; and
    (ii) Completed the annual review required by Sec.  350.303 and 
determined that State laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV 
safety are compatible (as defined in Sec.  350.105 of this part).
    (2) If a State law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety is 
no longer compatible, the certifying official must explain the State's 
plan to address the discrepancy.
    (3) A certification under this paragraph must reflect that the 
certifying official has authority to make the certification on behalf of 
the State.
    (f) New or amended laws. For the second and third years of the CVSP, 
the Lead State Agency must submit to FMCSA a copy of any new or amended 
law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety that the State enacted 
since the prior year's submission.

[[Page 26]]

    (g) Further submissions. For the second and third years of the CVSP, 
the Lead State Agency must submit other information required, as 
described in the MCSAP application announcement for that fiscal year.



Sec.  350.215  What response does a State receive to its CVSP?

    (a) First year of the CVSP. (1) FMCSA will notify the Lead State 
Agency within 30 days after FMCSA begins its review of the State's first 
year of the CVSP, including the budget, whether FMCSA:
    (i) Approves the CVSP; or
    (ii) Withholds approval because the CVSP:
    (A) Does not meet the requirements of this part; or
    (B) Is not adequate to ensure effective enforcement of compatible 
(as defined in Sec.  350.105 of this part) laws, regulations, standards, 
and orders on CMV safety.
    (2) If FMCSA withholds approval of the CVSP, FMCSA will give the 
Lead State Agency a written explanation of the reasons for withholding 
approval and allow the Lead State Agency to modify and resubmit the CVSP 
for approval.
    (3) The Lead State Agency will have 30 days from the date of the 
notice under paragraph (a)(2) of this section to modify and resubmit the 
CVSP.
    (4) Failure to resubmit the modified CVSP may delay funding or 
jeopardize MCSAP eligibility.
    (5) Final disapproval of a resubmitted CVSP will result in 
disqualification for MCSAP funding for that fiscal year.
    (b) Annual update for the second or third year of the CVSP. (1) 
FMCSA will notify the Lead State Agency within 30 days after FMCSA 
begins its review of the State's annual update, including the budget, 
whether FMCSA:
    (i) Approves the annual update; or
    (ii) Withholds approval because the annual update:
    (A) Does not meet the requirements of this part; or
    (B) Is not adequate to ensure effective enforcement of compatible 
laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety.
    (2) If FMCSA withholds approval of the annual update, FMCSA will 
give the Lead State Agency a written explanation of the reasons for 
withholding approval and allow the Lead State Agency to modify and 
resubmit the annual update for approval.
    (3) The Lead State Agency will have 30 days from the date of the 
notice under paragraph (b)(2) of this section to modify and resubmit the 
annual update.
    (4) Failure to resubmit the modified annual update may delay funding 
or jeopardize MCSAP eligibility.
    (5) Final disapproval of a resubmitted annual update will result in 
disqualification for MCSAP funding for that fiscal year.
    (c) Judicial review. Any State aggrieved by an adverse decision 
under this section may seek judicial review under 5 U.S.C. chapter 7.



Sec.  350.217  How are MCSAP funds allocated?

    (a) General. Subject to the availability of funding, FMCSA must 
allocate MCSAP funds to grantees with approved CVSPs in accordance with 
this section.
    (b) Territories--excluding the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. (1) Not 
more than 0.49 percent of the MCSAP funds may be allocated in accordance 
with this paragraph among the Territories of American Samoa, the 
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin 
Islands.
    (2) Half of the MCSAP funds available under paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section will be divided equally among the Territories.
    (3) The remaining MCSAP funds available under paragraph (b)(1) of 
this section will be allocated among the Territories in a manner 
proportional to the Territories' populations, as reflected in the 
decennial census issued by the U.S. Census Bureau.
    (4) The amounts calculated under paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of 
this section will be totaled for each Territory.
    (5) The amounts calculated under paragraph (b)(4) of this section 
will be adjusted proportionally, based on population, to ensure that 
each Territory receives at least $350,000.

[[Page 27]]

    (c) Border States. (1) Not more than 11 percent of the MCSAP funds 
may be allocated in accordance with this paragraph among Border States 
that maintain a border enforcement program.
    (2) The shares for each Border State will be calculated based on the 
number of CMV crossings at each United States port of entry, as 
determined by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, with each Border 
State receiving:
    (i) 1 share per 25,000 annual CMV crossings at each United States 
port of entry on the Mexican border, with a minimum of 8 shares for each 
port of entry; or
    (ii) 1 share per 200,000 annual CMV crossings at each United States 
port of entry on the Canadian border, with a minimum of 0.25 share for 
each port of entry with more than 1,000 annual CMV crossings.
    (3) The shares of all Border States calculated under paragraph 
(c)(2) of this section will be totaled.
    (4) Each individual Border State's shares calculated under paragraph 
(c)(2) of this section will be divided by the total shares calculated in 
paragraph (c)(3) of this section.
    (5) The percentages calculated in paragraph (c)(4) of this section 
will be adjusted proportionally to ensure that each Border State 
receives at least 0.075 percent but no more than 55 percent of the total 
border allocation available under paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
    (6) Each Border State's percentage calculated in paragraph (c)(5) of 
this section will be multiplied by the total border allocation available 
under this paragraph to determine the dollar amount of the Border 
State's allocation.
    (7) To maintain eligibility for an allocation under this paragraph, 
a Border State must maintain a border enforcement program, but may 
expend more or less than the amounts allocated under this paragraph for 
border activities. Failure to maintain a border enforcement program will 
result in forfeiture of all funds allocated under this paragraph, but 
will not affect the Border State's allocation under paragraph (d) of 
this section.
    (8) Allocations made under this paragraph are in addition to 
allocations made under paragraph (d) of this section.
    (d) States--including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. (1)(i) At 
least 88.51 percent of the MCSAP funds must be allocated in accordance 
with this paragraph (d)(1)(i) among the eligible States, including the 
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, but excluding American Samoa, the 
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin 
Islands.
    (ii) The amounts made available under paragraphs (b) and (c) of this 
section that are not allocated under those paragraphs must be added to 
the total amount to be allocated in accordance with this paragraph.
    (iii) In the case of reallocation of funds under paragraph (c) of 
this section by a Border State that no longer maintains a border 
enforcement program, no portion of the reallocated funds will be 
allocated to that Border State.
    (2) The amount available under paragraph (d)(1) of this section will 
be calculated based on each State's percentage of the national total for 
each of the following equally-weighted factors:
    (i) National Highway System Road Length Miles, as reported by the 
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA);
    (ii) All Vehicle Miles Traveled, as reported by the FHWA;
    (iii) Population (annual census estimates), as issued by the U.S. 
Census Bureau;
    (iv) Special Fuel Consumption, as reported by the FHWA; and
    (v) Carrier Registrations, as determined by FMCSA, based on the 
physical State of the carrier, and calculated as the sum of interstate 
carriers and intrastate hazardous materials carriers.
    (3) Each State's percentages calculated in paragraph (d)(2) of this 
section will be averaged.
    (4) The percentage calculated in paragraph (d)(3) of this section 
will be adjusted proportionally to ensure that each State receives at 
least 0.44 percent but no more than 4.944 percent of the MCSAP funds 
available under paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
    (5) Each State's percentage will be multiplied by the total MCSAP 
funds

[[Page 28]]

available under this paragraph to determine the dollar amount of the 
State's allocation.
    (e) Hold-harmless provision and funding cap. (1) The dollar amounts 
calculated under paragraphs (c)(6) and (d)(5) of this section will be 
totaled for each State and then divided by the total MCSAP funds 
available for allocation under paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section to 
determine a State's percentage of the total MCSAP funds.
    (2) Each State's percentage of total MCSAP funding in the fiscal 
year immediately prior to the year for which funding is being allocated 
will be determined by dividing the State's dollar allocation by the 
total MCSAP funding in that prior year, excluding funds allocated to the 
Territories of American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
Islands, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.
    (3) Proportional adjustments will be made to ensure that each 
State's percentage of MCSAP funds as calculated under paragraph (e)(1) 
of this section will be no less than 97 percent or more than 105 percent 
of the State's percentage of MCSAP funds allocated for the prior fiscal 
year as calculated under paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
    (f) Withholding. (1) Allocations made under this section are subject 
to withholdings under Sec.  350.231(d).
    (2) Minimum or maximum allocations described in paragraphs (b), (c), 
and (d) of this section are to be applied prior to any reduction under 
Sec.  350.231(d).
    (3) State MCSAP funds affected by Sec.  350.231(d) will be allocated 
to the unaffected States in accordance with paragraph (d) of this 
section.
    (4) Paragraph (e) of this section does not apply after any reduction 
under Sec.  350.231(d).



Sec.  350.219  How are MCSAP funds awarded under a continuing resolution
or an extension of FMCSA's authorization?

    In the event of a continuing resolution or an extension of FMCSA's 
authorization, subject to the availability of funding, FMCSA may first 
issue grants to States that have the lowest percent of undelivered 
obligations of the previous Federal fiscal year's funding, or as 
otherwise determined by the Administrator.



Sec.  350.221  How long are MCSAP funds available to a State?

    MCSAP funds obligated to a State will remain available for the 
Federal fiscal year that the funds are obligated and the next 2 full 
Federal fiscal years.

[85 FR 37796, June 24, 2020, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  350.223  What are the Federal and State shares of costs incurred
under MCSAP?

    (a) Federal share. FMCSA will reimburse at least 85 percent of the 
eligible costs incurred under MCSAP.
    (b) Match. (1) In-kind contributions are acceptable in meeting a 
State's matching share under MCSAP if they represent eligible costs, as 
established by 2 CFR parts 200 and 1201 and the MCSAP application 
announcement.
    (2) States may use amounts generated under the Unified Carrier 
Registration Agreement as part of the State's match required for MCSAP, 
provided the amounts are not applied to the MOE required under Sec.  
350.225 and are spent on eligible costs, as established by 2 CFR parts 
200 and 1201 and the MCSAP application announcement.
    (c) Waiver. (1) The Administrator waives the requirement for the 
matching share under MCSAP for American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.
    (2) The Administrator reserves the right to reduce or waive the 
matching share under MCSAP for other States in any fiscal year:
    (i) As announced in the MCSAP application announcement; or
    (ii) As determined by the Administrator on a case-by-case basis.



Sec.  350.225  What MOE must a State maintain to qualify for MCSAP 
funds?

    (a) General. Subject to paragraph (e) of this section, a State must 
maintain an MOE each fiscal year for CMV safety programs eligible for 
funding under this part at a level at least equal to:
    (1) The average level of that expenditure for the base period of 
fiscal years 2004 and 2005; or

[[Page 29]]

    (2) The level of expenditure in fiscal year 2021, as adjusted under 
section 5107 of the Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act 
(Pub. L. 114-94, 129 Stat. 1312, 1532-34 (2015)).
    (b) Calculation. In determining a State's MOE, FMCSA:
    (1) May allow the State to exclude State expenditures for Federally-
sponsored demonstration and pilot CMV safety programs and strike forces;
    (2) May allow the State to exclude expenditures for activities 
related to border enforcement and new entrant safety audits;
    (3) May allow the State to use amounts generated under the Unified 
Carrier Registration Agreement, provided the amounts are not applied to 
the match required under Sec.  350.223;
    (4) Requires the State to exclude Federal funds; and
    (5) Requires the State to exclude State matching funds required 
under Sec.  350.223.
    (c) Costs. (1) In calculating the MOE under paragraph (b) of this 
section, a State must include all eligible costs associated with 
activities performed during the base period by the Lead State Agency 
that receives funds under this part.
    (2) In its annual MOE, a State must include only those activities 
that meet the current requirements for funding eligibility under MCSAP.
    (d) Waivers and modifications. (1) If a State requests, FMCSA may 
waive or modify the State's obligation to meet its MOE for a fiscal year 
if FMCSA determines that the waiver or modification is reasonable, based 
on circumstances described by the State.
    (2) Requests to waive or modify the State's obligation to meet its 
MOE must be submitted to FMCSA in writing.
    (3) FMCSA will review the request and provide a response as soon as 
practicable, but no later than 120 days following receipt of the 
request.
    (e) Permanent adjustment. After Federal fiscal year 2021, at the 
request of a State, FMCSA may make a permanent adjustment to reduce the 
State's MOE only if a State has new information unavailable to it during 
Federal fiscal year 2021.



Sec.  350.227  What activities are eligible for reimbursement under MCSAP?

    (a) General. The primary activities eligible for reimbursement under 
MCSAP are:
    (1) Activities that support the national program elements listed in 
Sec.  350.203; and
    (2) Sanitary food transportation inspections performed under 49 
U.S.C. 5701.
    (b) Additional activities. If part of the approved CVSP and 
accompanied by an appropriate North American Standard Inspection and 
inspection report, additional activities eligible for reimbursement are:
    (1) Enforcement of CMV size and weight limitations at locations, 
other than fixed-weight facilities, where the weight of a CMV can 
significantly affect the safe operation of the vehicle, such as near 
steep grades or mountainous terrains, or at ports where intermodal 
shipping containers enter and leave the United States; and
    (2) Detection of, and enforcement activities taken as a result of, 
criminal activity involving a CMV or any occupant of the vehicle, 
including the trafficking of human beings.
    (c) Traffic enforcement activities. (1) Documented activities to 
enforce State traffic laws and regulations designed to promote the safe 
operation of CMVs are eligible for reimbursement under MCSAP.
    (2) Documented activities to enforce State traffic laws and 
regulations relating to non-CMVs are eligible for reimbursement under 
MCSAP if:
    (i) The documented activities are necessary to promote the safe 
operation of CMVs;
    (ii) The number of motor carrier safety activities, including safety 
inspections, is maintained at a level at least equal to the average 
level of such activities conducted in the State in fiscal years 2014 and 
2015; and
    (iii) The State does not use more than 10 percent of its MCSAP funds 
for enforcement activities relating to non-CMVs, unless the 
Administrator determines that a higher percentage will result in 
significant increases in CMV safety.

[85 FR 37796, June 24, 2020, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]

[[Page 30]]



Sec.  350.229  What specific costs are eligible for reimbursement under
MCSAP?

    (a) General. FMCSA must establish criteria for activities eligible 
for reimbursement and make those criteria available to the States in the 
MCSAP application announcement before the MCSAP application period.
    (b) Costs eligible for reimbursement. All costs relating to 
activities eligible for reimbursement must be necessary, reasonable, 
allocable, and allowable under this subpart and 2 CFR parts 200 and 
1201. The eligibility of specific costs for reimbursement is addressed 
in the MCSAP application announcement and is subject to review and 
approval by FMCSA.
    (c) Ineligible costs. MCSAP funds may not be used for the:
    (1) Acquisition of real property or buildings; or
    (2) Development, implementation, or maintenance of a State registry 
of medical examiners.



Sec.  350.231  What are the consequences for failure to meet MCSAP
conditions?

    (a) General. (1) If a State is not performing according to an 
approved CVSP or not adequately meeting the conditions set forth in 
Sec.  350.207, the Administrator may issue a written notice of proposed 
determination of nonconformity to the chief executive of the State or 
the official designated in the CVSP.
    (2) The notice will set forth the reasons for the proposed 
determination.
    (b) Response. The State has 30 days from the date of the notice to 
reply. The reply must address the discrepancy cited in the notice and 
must provide documentation as requested.
    (c) Final Agency decision. (1) After considering the State's reply, 
the Administrator makes a final decision.
    (2) In the event the State fails to timely reply to a notice of 
proposed determination of nonconformity, the notice becomes the 
Administrator's final determination of nonconformity.
    (d) Consequences. Any adverse decision will result in FMCSA:
    (1) Withdrawing approval of the CVSP and withholding all MCSAP funds 
to the State; or
    (2) Finding the State in noncompliance in lieu of withdrawing 
approval of the CVSP and withholding:
    (i) Up to 5 percent of MCSAP funds during the fiscal year that FMCSA 
notifies the State of its noncompliance;
    (ii) Up to 10 percent of MCSAP funds for the first full fiscal year 
of noncompliance;
    (iii) Up to 25 percent of MCSAP funds for the second full fiscal 
year of noncompliance; and
    (iv) Up to 50 percent of MCSAP funds for the third and any 
subsequent full fiscal year of noncompliance.
    (e) Judicial review. Any State aggrieved by an adverse decision 
under this section may seek judicial review under 5 U.S.C. chapter 7.



              Subpart C_MCSAP-Required Compatibility Review



Sec.  350.301  What is the purpose of this subpart?

    The purpose of this subpart is to assist States receiving MCSAP 
funds to address compatibility (as defined in Sec.  350.105), including 
the availability of variances or exemptions allowed under Sec.  350.305 
or Sec.  350.307, to:
    (a) Promote adoption and enforcement of compatible laws, 
regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety;
    (b) Provide for a continuous review of laws, regulations, standards, 
and orders on CMV safety;
    (c) Establish deadlines for States to achieve compatibility; and
    (d) Provide States with a process for requesting variances and 
exemptions for intrastate commerce.



Sec.  350.303  How does a State ensure compatibility?

    (a) General. The Lead State Agency is responsible for reviewing and 
analyzing State laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety 
to ensure compatibility (as defined in Sec.  350.105 of this part).
    (b) Compatibility deadline. As soon as practicable, but no later 
than 3 years after the effective date of any new addition or amendment 
to the FMCSRs or HMRs, the State must amend its laws, regulations, 
standards, and orders to ensure compatibility.

[[Page 31]]

    (c) State adoption of a law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV 
safety. A State must submit to FMCSA a copy of any new or amended State 
law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety immediately after its 
enactment or issuance and with the State's next annual compatibility 
review.
    (d) Annual State compatibility review. (1) A State must conduct a 
review of its laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety, 
including those of its political subdivisions, for compatibility and 
report in the first year of the CVSP or annual update as part of its 
application for funding under Sec.  350.209 each fiscal year. In 
conducting this compatibility review, the State must determine which of 
its laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety are identical 
to or have the same effect as, are in addition to or more stringent 
than, or are less stringent than the FMCSRs or are identical to the 
HMRs.
    (2) As applicable to interstate commerce not involving the movement 
of hazardous materials:
    (i) If a State satisfactorily demonstrates a law, regulation, 
standard, or order on CMV safety is identical to or has the same effect 
as the FMCSRs, the State provision is compatible and enforceable.
    (ii) If a State satisfactorily demonstrates a law, regulation, 
standard, or order on CMV safety that is in addition to or more 
stringent than the FMCSRs has a safety benefit, does not unreasonably 
frustrate the Federal goal of uniformity, and does not cause an 
unreasonable burden on interstate commerce when enforced, the State 
provision is compatible and enforceable.
    (iii) If a State law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety 
is less stringent than the FMCSRs, the State provision is not compatible 
and not enforceable.
    (3) As applicable to intrastate commerce not involving the movement 
of hazardous materials:
    (i) If a State satisfactorily demonstrates a law, regulation, 
standard, or order on CMV safety is identical to or has the same effect 
as the FMCSRs, the State provision is compatible and enforceable.
    (ii) If a State satisfactorily demonstrates a law, regulation, 
standard, or order on CMV safety that is in addition to, more stringent 
than, or less stringent than the FMCSRs falls within a limited variance 
from the FMCSRs allowed under Sec.  350.305 or Sec.  350.307, the State 
provision is compatible and enforceable.
    (4) As applicable to interstate and intrastate commerce involving 
the movement of hazardous materials, if a State satisfactorily 
demonstrates a law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety is 
identical to the HMRs, the State provision is compatible and 
enforceable.
    (5) The State's laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV 
safety reviewed for the commercial driver's license compliance report 
are excluded from the compatibility review.
    (6) Definitions of words or terms in a State's laws, regulations, 
standards, and orders on CMV safety must be compatible with those in the 
FMCSRs and HMRs.
    (e) Reporting to FMCSA. (1) The reporting required by paragraph (d) 
of this section, to be submitted with the first year of the CVSP or 
annual update, must include:
    (i) A copy of any State law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV 
safety that was adopted or amended since the State's last report; and
    (ii) A certification that states the annual review was performed and 
State laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety remain 
compatible, and that provides the name of the individual responsible for 
the annual review.
    (2) If State laws, regulations, standards, and orders on CMV safety 
are no longer compatible, the certifying official must explain the 
State's plan to correct the discrepancy.
    (f) FMCSA response. Not later than 10 days after FMCSA determines 
that a State law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety is not 
compatible and may not be enforced, FMCSA must give written notice of 
the decision to the State.
    (g) Waiver of determination. (1) A State or any person may petition 
the Administrator for a waiver of a decision by the Administrator that a 
State

[[Page 32]]

law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety is not compatible and 
may not be enforced.
    (2) Before deciding whether to grant or deny a waiver under this 
paragraph, the Administrator shall give the petitioner an opportunity 
for a hearing on the record.
    (3) If the petitioner demonstrates to the satisfaction of the 
Administrator that the waiver is consistent with the public interest and 
the safe operation of CMVs, the Administrator shall grant the waiver as 
expeditiously as practicable.



Sec.  350.305  What specific variances from the FMCSRs are allowed for
State laws and regulations applicable to intrastate commerce and are 
not subject to Federal jurisdiction?

    (a) General. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this section, a 
State may exempt a CMV from all or part of its laws or regulations 
applicable to intrastate commerce, if the gross vehicle weight rating, 
gross combination weight rating, gross vehicle weight, or gross 
combination weight does not equal or exceed 11,801 kilograms (26,001 
pounds).
    (2) A State may not exempt a CMV from laws or regulations under 
paragraph (a)(1) of this section if the vehicle:
    (i) Transports hazardous materials requiring a placard; or
    (ii) Is designed or used to transport 16 or more people, including 
the driver.
    (b) Non-permissible exemption--Type of business operation. (1) 
Subject to paragraph (b)(2) of this section and Sec.  350.307, State 
laws and regulations applicable to intrastate commerce may not grant 
exemptions based on the type of transportation being performed (e.g., 
for-hire carrier, private carrier).
    (2) A State may retain those exemptions from its motor carrier 
safety laws and regulations that were in effect before April 1988, are 
still in effect, and apply to specific industries operating in 
intrastate commerce, provided the scope of the original exemption has 
not been amended.
    (c) Non-permissible exemption--Distance. (1) Subject to paragraph 
(c)(2) of this section, State laws and regulations applicable to 
intrastate commerce must not include exemptions based on the distance a 
motor carrier or driver operates from the work reporting location.
    (2) Paragraph (c)(1) of this section does not apply to distance 
exemptions contained in the FMCSRs.
    (d) Hours of service. State hours-of-service limitations applied to 
intrastate transportation may vary to the extent that they allow:
    (1) A 12-hour driving limit, provided that a driver of a CMV is not 
permitted to drive after having been on duty more than 16 hours;
    (2) Driving prohibitions for drivers who have been on duty 70 hours 
in 7 consecutive days or 80 hours in 8 consecutive days; or
    (3) Extending the 100-air mile radius under Sec.  395.1(e)(1)(i) of 
this subchapter to a 150-air mile radius.
    (e) Age of CMV driver. All intrastate CMV drivers must be at least 
18 years of age.
    (f) Driver physical conditions. (1) Intrastate drivers who do not 
meet the physical qualification standards in Sec.  391.41 of this 
subchapter may continue to be qualified to operate a CMV in intrastate 
commerce if:
    (i) The driver was qualified under existing State law or regulation 
at the time the State adopted physical qualification standards 
consistent with the Federal standards in Sec.  391.41 of this 
subchapter;
    (ii) The otherwise non-qualifying medical or physical condition has 
not substantially worsened; and
    (iii) No other non-qualifying medical or physical condition has 
developed.
    (2) The State may adopt or continue programs granting variances to 
intrastate drivers with medical or physical conditions that would 
otherwise be non-qualifying under the State's equivalent of Sec.  391.41 
of this subchapter if the variances are based on sound medical judgment 
combined with appropriate performance standards ensuring no adverse 
effect on safety.
    (3) A State that has physical qualification standards or variances 
continued in effect or adopted by the State under this paragraph for 
drivers operating CMVs in intrastate commerce has the option not to 
adopt laws and regulations that establish a separate registry of medical 
examiners trained

[[Page 33]]

and qualified to apply such physical qualification standards or 
variances.
    (g) Additional variances. A State may apply to the Administrator for 
a variance from the FMCSRs not otherwise covered by this section for 
intrastate commerce. The variance will be granted only if the State 
satisfactorily demonstrates that the State law, regulation, standard, or 
order on CMV safety:
    (1) Achieves substantially the same purpose as the similar Federal 
regulation;
    (2) Does not apply to interstate commerce; and
    (3) Is not likely to have an adverse impact on safety.



Sec.  350.307  How may a State obtain a new exemption for State laws
or regulations for a specific industry involved in intrastate commerce?

    FMCSA will only consider a State's request to exempt a specific 
industry from all or part of a State's laws or regulations applicable to 
intrastate commerce if the State submits adequate documentation 
containing information allowing FMCSA to evaluate:
    (a) The type and scope of the industry exemption request, including 
the percentage of the industry it affects, number of vehicles, mileage 
traveled, and number of companies it involves;
    (b) The type and scope of the requirement to which the exemption 
would apply;
    (c) The safety performance of that specific industry (e.g., crash 
frequency, rates, and comparative figures);
    (d) Inspection information (e.g., number of violations per 
inspection, and driver and vehicle out-of-service information);
    (e) Other CMV safety regulations enforced by other State agencies 
not participating in MCSAP;
    (f) The commodity the industry transports (e.g., livestock or 
grain);
    (g) Similar exemptions granted and the circumstances under which 
they were granted;
    (h) The justification for the exemption; and
    (i) Any identifiable effects on safety.



Sec.  350.309  What are the consequences if a State has provisions 
that are not compatible?

    (a) General. To remain eligible for MCSAP funding, a State may not 
have in effect or enforce any State law, regulation, standard, or order 
on CMV safety that the Administrator finds is not compatible (as defined 
in Sec.  350.105).
    (b) Process. FMCSA may initiate a proceeding to withdraw the current 
CVSP approval or withhold MCSAP funds in accordance with Sec.  350.231 
if:
    (1) A State enacts a law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV 
safety that is not compatible;
    (2) A State fails to adopt a new or amended FMCSR or HMR within 3 
years of its effective date; or
    (3) FMCSA finds, based on its own initiative or on a petition of a 
State or any person, that a State law, regulation, standard, order, or 
enforcement practice on CMV safety, in either interstate or intrastate 
commerce, is not compatible.
    (c) Hazardous materials. Any decision regarding the compatibility of 
a State law, regulation, standard, or order on CMV safety with the HMRs 
that requires an interpretation will be referred to the Pipeline and 
Hazardous Materials Safety Administration of the United States 
Department of Transportation before proceeding under Sec.  350.231.



                     Subpart D_High Priority Program



Sec.  350.401  What is the High Priority Program and what entities 
are eligible for funding under the High Priority Program?

    The High Priority Program is a competitive financial assistance 
program available to States, local governments, Federally-recognized 
Indian Tribes, other political jurisdictions, and other persons to carry 
out high priority activities and projects that augment motor carrier 
safety activities and projects. The High Priority Program also promotes 
the deployment and use of innovative technology by States for CMV 
information systems and networks. Under this program, the Administrator 
may make competitive grants to and enter into cooperative agreements 
with eligible entities to carry out high priority activities and

[[Page 34]]

projects that augment motor carrier safety activities and projects. The 
Administrator also may award grants to States for projects planned in 
accordance with the Innovative Technology Deployment Program.



Sec.  350.403  What are the High Priority Program objectives?

    FMCSA may use the High Priority Program funds to support, enrich, or 
evaluate CMV safety programs and to:
    (a) Target unsafe driving of CMVs and non-CMVs in areas identified 
as high-risk crash corridors;
    (b) Improve the safe and secure movement of hazardous materials;
    (c) Improve safe transportation of goods and passengers in foreign 
commerce;
    (d) Demonstrate new technologies to improve CMV safety;
    (e) Support participation in PRISM by Lead State Agencies:
    (1) Before October 1, 2020, to achieve full participation in PRISM; 
and
    (2) Beginning on October 1, 2020, or once full participation in 
PRISM is achieved, whichever is sooner, to conduct special initiatives 
or projects that exceed routine operations for participation;
    (f) Support participation in PRISM by entities other than Lead State 
Agencies;
    (g) Support safety data improvement projects conducted by:
    (1) Lead State Agencies for projects that exceed MCSAP safety data 
requirements; or
    (2) Entities other than Lead State Agencies for projects that meet 
or exceed MCSAP safety data requirements;
    (h) Advance the technological capability and promote the Innovative 
Technology Deployment of intelligent transportation system applications 
for CMV operations by States, including technology to detect, and 
enforce actions taken as a result of, criminal activity (including human 
trafficking) in a CMV or by any occupant of a CMV, including the 
operator;
    (i) Increase public awareness and education on CMV safety;
    (j) Support the recognition, prevention, and reporting of human 
trafficking in a CMV or by any occupant of a CMV, including the 
operator, and enforce laws relating to human trafficking; or
    (k) Otherwise improve CMV safety.

[85 FR 37796, June 24, 2020, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  350.405  What conditions must an applicant meet to qualify for
High Priority Program funds?

    (a) Motor carrier safety activities. To qualify for High Priority 
Program funds related to motor carrier safety activities under Sec.  
350.403 paragraphs (a) through (g), and (i) through (k):
    (1) States must:
    (i) Participate in MCSAP under subpart B of this part; and
    (ii) Prepare a proposal that is responsive to the High Priority 
Program Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO).
    (2) Applicants other than States must, to the extent applicable:
    (i) Prepare a proposal that is responsive to the NOFO;
    (ii) Except for Federally-recognized Indian Tribes, coordinate the 
proposal with the Lead State Agency to ensure the proposal is consistent 
with State and national CMV safety program priorities;
    (iii) Certify that the applicant has the legal authority, resources, 
and trained and qualified personnel necessary to perform the functions 
specified in the proposal;
    (iv) Designate an individual who will be responsible for 
implementing, reporting, and administering the approved proposal and who 
will be the primary contact for the project;
    (v) Agree to prepare and submit all reports required in connection 
with the proposal or other conditions of the grant or cooperative 
agreement;
    (vi) Agree to use the forms and reporting criteria required by the 
Lead State Agency or FMCSA to record work activities to be performed 
under the proposal;
    (vii) Certify that a political jurisdiction will impose sanctions 
for violations of CMV and driver laws and regulations that are 
consistent with those of the State; and
    (viii) Certify participation in national databases appropriate to 
the project.
    (b) Innovative Technology Deployment activities. To qualify for High 
Priority

[[Page 35]]

Program funds for Innovative Technology Deployment activities under 
Sec.  350.403(h), States must:
    (1) Prepare a proposal that is responsive to the NOFO;
    (2) Have a CMV information systems and networks program plan 
approved by the Administrator that describes the various systems and 
networks at the State level that need to be refined, revised, upgraded, 
or built to accomplish deployment of CMV information systems and 
networks capabilities;
    (3) Certify to the Administrator that its CMV information systems 
and networks deployment activities, including hardware procurement, 
software and system development, and infrastructure modifications--
    (i) Are consistent with the national intelligent transportation 
systems and CMV information systems and networks architectures and 
available standards; and
    (ii) Promote interoperability and efficiency to the extent 
practicable; and
    (4) Agree to execute interoperability tests developed by FMCSA to 
verify that its systems conform with the national intelligent 
transportation systems architecture, applicable standards, and protocols 
for CMV information systems and networks.

[85 FR 37796, June 24, 2020, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  350.407  How and when does an eligible entity apply for 
High Priority Program funds?

    FMCSA publishes application instructions and criteria for eligible 
activities to be funded under this subpart in a NOFO at least 30 days 
before the financial assistance program application period closes. 
Entities must submit the application by the date prescribed in the NOFO.



Sec.  350.409  What response will an applicant receive under the
High Priority Program?

    (a) Approval. If FMCSA awards a grant or cooperative agreement, the 
applicant will receive a grant agreement to execute.
    (b) Denial. If FMCSA denies the grant or cooperative agreement, the 
applicant will receive a notice of denial.



Sec.  350.411  How long are High Priority Program funds available 
to a recipient?

    (a) Motor carrier safety activities. High Priority Program funds 
related to motor carrier safety activities under Sec.  350.403(a) 
through (g), and (i) through (k) obligated to a recipient are available 
for the rest of the fiscal year in which the funds are obligated and the 
next 2 full fiscal years.
    (b) Innovative Technology Deployment activities. High Priority 
Program funds for Innovative Technology Deployment activities under 
Sec.  350.403(h) obligated to a State are available for the rest of the 
fiscal year in which the funds were obligated and the next 4 full fiscal 
years.

[85 FR 37796, June 24, 2020, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  350.413  What are the Federal and recipient shares of costs
incurred under the High Priority Program?

    (a) Federal share. FMCSA will reimburse at least 85 percent of the 
eligible costs incurred under the High Priority Program.
    (b) Match. In-kind contributions are acceptable in meeting the 
recipient's matching share under the High Priority Program if they 
represent eligible costs, as established by 2 CFR parts 200 and 1201 and 
FMCSA in the NOFO.
    (c) Waiver. The Administrator reserves the right to reduce or waive 
the recipient's matching share in any fiscal year:
    (1) As announced in the NOFO; or
    (2) As determined by the Administrator on a case-by-case basis.



Sec.  350.415  What types of activities and projects are eligible for 
reimbursement under the High Priority Program?

    Activities that fulfill the objectives in Sec.  350.403 are eligible 
for reimbursement under the High Priority Program.



Sec.  350.417  What specific costs are eligible for reimbursement under
the High Priority Program?

    (a) Costs eligible for reimbursement. All costs relating to 
activities eligible for reimbursement must be necessary, reasonable, 
allocable, and allowable under this subpart and 2 CFR parts 200 and 
1201. The eligibility of specific costs for

[[Page 36]]

reimbursement is addressed in the NOFO and is subject to review and 
approval by FMCSA.
    (b) Ineligible costs. High Priority Program funds may not be used 
for the:
    (1) Acquisition of real property or buildings; or
    (2) Development, implementation, or maintenance of a State registry 
of medical examiners.

                           PART 355 [RESERVED]



PART 356_MOTOR CARRIER ROUTING REGULATIONS--Table of Contents



Sec.
356.1 Authority to serve a particular area--construction.
356.3 [Reserved]
356.5 Traversal authority.

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 553; 49 U.S.C. 13301 and 13902; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 62 FR 32041, June 12, 1997, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  356.1  Authority to serve a particular area--construction.

    (a) Service at municipality. A motor carrier of property, motor 
passenger carrier of express, and freight forwarder authorized to serve 
a municipality may serve all points within that municipality's 
commercial zone not beyond the territorial limits, if any, fixed in such 
authority.
    (b) Service at unincorporated community. A motor carrier of 
property, motor passenger carrier of express, and freight forwarder, 
authorized to serve an unincorporated community having a post office of 
the same name, may serve all points in the United States not beyond the 
territorial limits, if any, fixed in such authority, as follows:
    (1) All points within 3 miles of the post office in such 
unincorporated community if it has a population of less than 2,500; 
within 4 miles if it has a population of 2,500 but less than 25,000; and 
within 6 miles if it has a population of 25,000 or more;
    (2) At all points in any municipality any part of which is within 
the limits described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section; and
    (3) At all points in any municipality wholly surrounded, or so 
surrounded except for a water boundary, by any municipality included 
under the terms of paragraph (b)(2) of this section.



Sec.  356.3  [Reserved]



Sec.  356.5  Traversal authority.

    (a) Scope. An irregular route motor carrier may operate between 
authorized service points over any reasonably direct or logical route 
unless expressly prohibited.
    (b) Requirements. Before commencing operations, the carrier must, 
regarding each State traversed:
    (1) Notify the State regulatory body in writing, attaching a copy of 
its operating rights;
    (2) Designate a process agent; and
    (3) Comply with 49 CFR 387.315.



PART 360_FEES FOR MOTOR CARRIER REGISTRATION AND INSURANCE-
-Table of Contents



Sec.
360.1 Fees for registration-related services.
360.1T Fees for registration-related services.
360.2 [Reserved]
360.3 Filing fees.
360.3T Filing fees.
360.4 [Reserved]
360.5 Updating user fees.
360.5T Updating user fees.

    Authority: 31 U.S.C. 9701; 49 U.S.C. 13908; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 80 FR 63702, Oct. 21, 2015, unless otherwise noted.

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec. Sec.  360.1-
360.5 were suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  360.1  Fees for registration-related services.

    Certifications and copies of public records and documents on file 
with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) will be 
furnished on the following basis, pursuant to USDOT Freedom of 
Information Act regulations at 49 CFR part 7:
    (a) Certificate of the Director, Office of Management Information 
and Services, as to the authenticity of documents, $12;
    (b) Service involved in locating records to be certified and 
determining their authenticity, including clerical

[[Page 37]]

and administrative work, at the rate of $21 per hour;
    (c) Copies of the public documents, at the rate of $.80 per letter 
size or legal size exposure. A minimum charge of $5 will be made for 
this service; and
    (d) Search and copying services requiring information technology 
(IT), as follows:
    (1) A fee of $50 per hour for professional staff time will be 
charged when it is required to fulfill a request for electronic data.
    (2) The fee for computer searches will be set at the current rate 
for computer service. Information on those charges can be obtained from 
the Office of Management Information and Services (MC-MM).
    (3) Printing will be charged at the rate of $.10 per page of 
computer-generated output with a minimum charge of $1. There will also 
be a charge for the media provided (e.g., CD ROMs) based on the Agency's 
costs for such media.
    (e) Exception. No fee shall be charged under this section to the 
following entities:
    (1) Any Agency of the Federal Government or a State government or 
any political subdivision of any such government for access to or 
retrieval of information and data from the Unified Carrier Registration 
System for its own use; or
    (2) Any representative of a motor carrier, motor private carrier, 
broker, or freight forwarder (as each is defined in 49 U.S.C. 13102) for 
the access to or retrieval of the information related to such entity 
from the Unified Carrier Registration System for the individual use of 
such entity.

[80 FR 63702, Oct. 21, 2015, as amended at 83 FR 48725, Sept. 27, 2018]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  360.1 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  360.1T  Fees for registration-related services.

    Certifications and copies of public records and documents on file 
with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration will be furnished 
on the following basis, pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act 
regulations at 49 CFR part 7:
    (a) Certificate of the Director, Office of Management Information 
and Services, as to the authenticity of documents, $9.00;
    (b) Service involved in checking records to be certified to 
determine authenticity, including clerical work, etc., incidental 
thereto, at the rate of $16.00 per hour;
    (c) Copies of the public documents, at the rate of $.80 per letter 
size or legal size exposure. A minimum charge of $5.00 will be made for 
this service; and
    (d) Search and copying services requiring ADP processing, as 
follows:
    (1) A fee of $42.00 per hour for professional staff time will be 
charged when it is required to fulfill a request for ADP data.
    (2) The fee for computer searches will be set at the current rate 
for computer service. Information on those charges can be obtained from 
the Office of Management Information and Services (MC-MM).
    (3) Printing shall be charged at the rate of $.10 per page of 
computer generated output with a minimum charge of $.25. A charge of $30 
per reel of magnetic tape will be made if the tape is to be permanently 
retained by the requestor.

[82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22873, May 17, 2018; 83 
FR 48725, Sept. 27, 2018]



Sec.  360.2  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  360.2 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  360.3  Filing fees.

    (a) Manner of payment. (1) Except for the insurance fees described 
in the next sentence, all filing fees must be paid at the time the 
application, petition, or other document is electronically filed. The 
service fee for insurance, surety or self-insurer accepted certificate 
of insurance, surety bond or other instrument submitted in lieu of a 
broker surety bond must be charged to an insurance service account 
established by FMCSA in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this 
section.
    (2) Billing account procedure. A request must be submitted to the 
Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS) at http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov to

[[Page 38]]

establish an insurance service fee account.
    (i) Each account will have a specific billing date within each month 
and a billing cycle. The billing date is the date that the bill is 
prepared and printed. The billing cycle is the period between the 
billing date in one month and the billing date in the next month. A bill 
for each account that has activity or an unpaid balance during the 
billing cycle will be sent on the billing date each month. Payment will 
be due 20 days from the billing date. Payments received before the next 
billing date are applied to the account. Interest will accrue in 
accordance with 31 CFR 901.9.
    (ii) The Federal Claims Collection Standards, including disclosure 
to consumer reporting agencies and the use of collection agencies, as 
set forth in 31 CFR part 901, will be utilized to encourage payment 
where appropriate.
    (iii) An account holder who files a petition for bankruptcy or who 
is the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding must provide the following 
information to the Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS) 
at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov:
    (A) The filing date of the bankruptcy petition;
    (B) The court in which the bankruptcy petition was filed;
    (C) The type of bankruptcy proceeding;
    (D) The name, address, and telephone number of its representative in 
the bankruptcy proceeding; and
    (E) The name, address, and telephone number of the bankruptcy 
trustee, if one has been appointed.
    (3) Fees will be payable through the U.S. Department of Treasury 
secure payment system, Pay.gov, and are made directly from the payor's 
bank account or by credit/debit card.
    (b) Any filing that is not accompanied by the appropriate filing fee 
will be rejected.
    (c) Fees not refundable. Fees will be assessed for every filing 
listed in the schedule of fees contained in paragraph (f) of this 
section, titled, ``Schedule of filing fees,'' subject to the exceptions 
contained in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. After the 
application, petition, or other document has been accepted for filing by 
FMCSA, the filing fee will not be refunded, regardless of whether the 
application, petition, or other document is granted or approved, denied, 
rejected before docketing, dismissed, or withdrawn.
    (d) Multiple authorities. (1) A separate filing fee is required for 
each type of authority sought, for example broker authority requested by 
an entity that already holds motor property carrier authority or 
multiple types of authority requested in the same application.
    (2) Separate fees will be assessed for the filing of temporary 
operating authority applications as provided in paragraph (f)(2) of this 
section, regardless of whether such applications are related to an 
application for corresponding permanent operating authority.
    (e) Waiver or reduction of filing fees. It is the general policy of 
the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration not to waive or reduce 
filing fees except as follows:
    (1) Filing fees are waived for an application that is filed by a 
Federal government agency, or a State or local government entity. For 
purposes of this section the phrases ``Federal government agency'' or 
``government entity'' do not include a quasi-governmental corporation or 
government subsidized transportation company.
    (2) Filing fees are waived for a motor carrier of passengers that 
receives a grant from the Federal Transit Administration either directly 
or through a third-party contract to provide passenger transportation 
under an agreement with a State or local government pursuant to 49 
U.S.C. 5307, 5310, 5311, 5316, or 5317.
    (3) The FMCSA will consider other requests for waivers or fee 
reductions only in extraordinary situations and in accordance with the 
following procedure:
    (i) When to request. At the time that a filing is submitted to 
FMCSA, the applicant may request a waiver or reduction of the fee 
prescribed in this part. Such request should be addressed to the 
Director, Office of Registration and Safety Information.
    (ii) Basis. The applicant must show that the waiver or reduction of 
the fee is in the best interest of the public, or

[[Page 39]]

that payment of the fee would impose an undue hardship upon the 
requester.
    (iii) FMCSA action. FMCSA will notify the applicant of the decision 
to grant or deny the request for waiver or reduction.
    (f) Schedule of filing fees:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Type of proceeding                                       Fee
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part I: Registration
    (1)......................  An application for       $300.
                                USDOT Registration
                                pursuant to 49 CFR
                                part 390, subpart E.
    (2)......................  An application for       $100.
                                motor carrier
                                temporary authority to
                                provide emergency
                                relief in response to
                                a national emergency
                                or natural disaster
                                following an emergency
                                declaration under Sec.
                                  390.23 of this
                                subchapter.
    (3)......................  Biennial update of       $0.
                                registration.
    (4)......................  Request for change of    $0.
                                name, address, or form
                                of business.
    (5)......................  Request for              $0.
                                cancellation of
                                registration.
    (6)......................  Request for              $10.
                                registration
                                reinstatement.
    (7)......................  Designation of process   $0.
                                agent.
    (8)......................  Notification of          $0.
                                Transfer of Operating
                                Authority.
Part II: Insurance
    (9)......................  A service fee for        $10 per accepted
                                insurer, surety, or      certificate,
                                self-insurer accepted    surety bond or
                                certificate of           other
                                insurance, surety        instrument
                                bond, and other          submitted in
                                instrument submitted     lieu of a
                                in lieu of a broker      broker surety
                                surety bond.             bond.
    (10).....................  (i) An application for   $4,200.
                                original qualification
                                as self-insurer for
                                bodily injury and
                                property damage
                                insurance (BI&PD).
                               (ii) An application for  $420.
                                original qualification
                                as self-insurer for
                                cargo insurance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[80 FR 63702, Oct. 21, 2015, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  360.3 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022, the 
suspension was lifted, Sec.  360.3 was amended, and the section was 
again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  360.3T  Filing fees.

    (a) Manner of payment. (1) Except for the insurance fees described 
in the next sentence, all filing fees will be payable at the time and 
place the application, petition, or other document is tendered for 
filing. The service fee for insurance, surety or self-insurer accepted 
certificate of insurance, surety bond or other instrument submitted in 
lieu of a broker surety bond must be charged to an insurance service 
account established by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (2) Billing account procedure. A written request must be submitted 
to the Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS) to 
establish an insurance service fee account.
    (i) Each account will have a specific billing date within each month 
and a billing cycle. The billing date is the date that the bill is 
prepared and printed. The billing cycle is the period between the 
billing date in one month and the billing date in the next month. A bill 
for each account which has activity or an unpaid balance during the 
billing cycle will be sent on the billing date each month. Payment will 
be due 20 days from the billing date. Payments received before the next 
billing date are applied to the account. Interest will accrue in 
accordance with 4 CFR 102.13.
    (ii) The Debt Collection Act of 1982, including disclosure to the 
consumer reporting agencies and the use of collection agencies, as set 
forth in 4 CFR 102.5 and 102.6 will be utilized to encourage payment 
where appropriate.
    (iii) An account holder who files a petition in bankruptcy or who is 
the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding must provide the following 
information to the Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-
RS):
    (A) The filing date of the bankruptcy petition;
    (B) The court in which the bankruptcy petition was filed;
    (C) The type of bankruptcy proceeding;
    (D) The name, address, and telephone number of its representative in 
the bankruptcy proceeding; and

[[Page 40]]

    (E) The name, address, and telephone number of the bankruptcy 
trustee, if one has been appointed.
    (3) Fees will be payable to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration by a check payable in United States currency drawn upon 
funds deposited in a United States or foreign bank or other financial 
institution, money order payable in United States' currency, or credit 
card (VISA or MASTERCARD).
    (b) Any filing that is not accompanied by the appropriate filing fee 
is deficient except for filings that satisfy the deferred payment 
procedures in paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) Fees not refundable. Fees will be assessed for every filing in 
the type of proceeding listed in the schedule of fees contained in 
paragraph (f) of this section, subject to the exceptions contained in 
paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. After the application, petition, 
or other document has been accepted for filing by the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration, the filing fee will not be refunded, 
regardless of whether the application, petition, or other document is 
granted or approved, denied, rejected before docketing, dismissed, or 
withdrawn.
    (d) Related or consolidated proceedings. (1) Separate fees need not 
be paid for related applications filed by the same applicant which would 
be the subject of one proceeding. (This does not mean requests for 
multiple types of operating authority filed on forms in the OP-1 series 
under the regulations at 49 CFR part 365. A separate filing fee is 
required for each type of authority sought in each transportation mode, 
e.g., common, contract, and broker authority for motor property 
carriers.)
    (2) Separate fees will be assessed for the filing of temporary 
operating authority applications as provided in paragraph (f)(6) of this 
section, regardless of whether such applications are related to an 
application for corresponding permanent operating authority.
    (3) The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration may reject 
concurrently filed applications, petitions, or other documents asserted 
to be related and refund the filing fee if, in its judgment, they 
embrace two or more severable matters which should be the subject of 
separate proceedings.
    (e) Waiver or reduction of filing fees. It is the general policy of 
the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration not to waive or reduce 
filing fees except as described as follows:
    (1) Filing fees are waived for an application or other proceeding 
which is filed by a Federal government agency, or a State or local 
government entity. For purposes of this section the phrases ``Federal 
government agency'' or ``government entity'' do not include a quasi-
governmental corporation or government subsidized transportation 
company.
    (2) In extraordinary situations the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration will accept requests for waivers or fee reductions in 
accordance with the following procedure:
    (i) When to request. At the time that a filing is submitted to the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration the applicant may request a 
waiver or reduction of the fee prescribed in this part. Such request 
should be addressed to the Director, Office of Registration and Safety 
Information (MC-RS).
    (ii) Basis. The applicant must show the waiver or reduction of the 
fee is in the best interest of the public, or that payment of the fee 
would impose an undue hardship upon the requestor.
    (iii) Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration action. The 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration will notify the applicant of 
the decision to grant or deny the request for waiver or reduction.
    (f) Schedule of filing fees.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Type of proceeding                                                                    Fee
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part I: Licensing:
    (1)...............................  An application for motor carrier          $300.
                                         operating authority, a certificate of
                                         registration for certain foreign
                                         carriers, property broker authority, or
                                         freight forwarder authority.
    (2)...............................  A petition to interpret or clarify an     3,000.
                                         operating authority.

[[Page 41]]

 
    (3)...............................  A request seeking the modification of     50.
                                         operating authority only to the extent
                                         of making a ministerial correction,
                                         when the original error was caused by
                                         applicant, a change in the name of the
                                         shipper or owner of a plant site, or
                                         the change of a highway name or number.
    (4)...............................  A petition to renew authority to          250.
                                         transport explosives.
    (5)...............................  An application for authority to deviate   150.
                                         from authorized regular-route authority.
    (6)...............................  An application for motor carrier          100.
                                         temporary authority issued in an
                                         emergency situation.
    (7)...............................  Request for name change of a motor        14.
                                         carrier, property broker, or freight
                                         forwarder.
    (8)...............................  An application involving the merger,      300.
                                         transfer, or lease of the operating
                                         rights of motor passenger and property
                                         carriers, property brokers, and
                                         household goods freight forwarders
                                         under 49 U.S.C. 10321 and 10926.
    (9)-(49)..........................  [Reserved]..............................
Part II: Insurance:
    (50)..............................  (i) An application for original           4,200.
                                         qualification as self-insurer for
                                         bodily injury and property damage
                                         insurance (BI&PD).
                                        (ii) An application for original          420.
                                         qualification as self-insurer for cargo
                                         insurance.
    (51)..............................  A service fee for insurer, surety, or     $10 per accepted certificate,
                                         self-insurer accepted certificate of      surety bond or other
                                         insurance, surety bond, and other         instrument submitted in lieu
                                         instrument submitted in lieu of a         of a broker surety bond.
                                         broker surety bond.
    (52)..............................  A petition for reinstatement of revoked   80.
                                         operating authority.
    (53)-(79).........................  [Reserved]..............................
Part III: Services:
    (80)..............................  Request for service or pleading list for  13 per list.
                                         proceedings.
    (81)..............................  Faxed copies of operating authority to    5.
                                         applicants or their representatives who
                                         did not receive a served copy.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (g) Returned check policy. (1) If a check submitted to the FMCSA for 
a filing or service fee is dishonored by a bank or financial institution 
on which it is drawn, the FMCSA will notify the person who submitted the 
check that:
    (i) All work will be suspended on the filing or proceeding, until 
the check is made good;
    (ii) A returned check charge of $6.00 and any bank charges incurred 
by the FMCSA as a result of the dishonored check must be submitted with 
the filing fee which is outstanding; and
    (iii) If payment is not made within the time specified by the FMCSA, 
the proceeding will be dismissed or the filing may be rejected.
    (2) If a person repeatedly submits dishonored checks to the FMCSA 
for filing fees, the FMCSA may notify the person that all future filing 
fees must be submitted in the form of a certified or cashier's check, 
money order, or credit card.

[82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22873, May 17, 2018; 87 
FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  360.4  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  360.4 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  360.5  Updating user fees.

    (a) Update. Each fee established in this subpart may be updated, as 
deemed necessary by FMCSA.
    (b) Publication and effective dates. Notice of updated fees shall be 
published in the Federal Register and shall become effective 30 days 
after publication.
    (c) Payment of fees. Any person submitting a filing for which a 
filing fee is established must pay the fee applicable on the date of the 
filing or request for services.
    (d) Method of updating fees. Each fee shall be updated by updating 
the cost components comprising the fee. However, fees shall not exceed 
the maximum amounts established by law. Cost components shall be updated 
as follows:
    (1) Direct labor costs shall be updated by multiplying base level 
direct labor costs by percentage changes in average

[[Page 42]]

wages and salaries of FMCSA employees. Base level direct labor costs are 
direct labor costs determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing 
Fees For Service, 1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent cost studies. The 
base period for measuring changes shall be April 1984 or the year of the 
last cost study.
    (2) Operations overhead shall be developed on the basis of current 
relationships existing on a weighted basis, for indirect labor 
applicable to the first supervisory work centers directly associated 
with user fee activity. Actual updating of operations overhead shall be 
accomplished by applying the current percentage factor to updated direct 
labor, including current governmental overhead costs.
    (3)(i) Office general and administrative costs shall be developed on 
the basis of current levels costs, i.e., dividing actual office general 
and administrative costs for the current fiscal year by total office 
costs for the office directly associated with user fee activity. Actual 
updating of office general and administrative costs shall be 
accomplished by applying the current percentage factor to updated direct 
labor, including current governmental overhead and current operations 
overhead costs.
    (ii) The FMCSA general and administrative costs shall be developed 
on the basis of current level costs; i.e., dividing actual FMCSA general 
and administrative costs for the current fiscal year by total Agency 
expenses for the current fiscal year. Actual updating of FMCSA general 
and administrative costs shall be accomplished by applying the current 
percentage factor to updated direct labor, including current 
governmental overhead, operations overhead and office general and 
administrative costs.
    (4) Publication costs shall be adjusted on the basis of known 
changes in the costs applicable to publication of material in the 
Federal Register or FMCSA Register.
    (e) Rounding of updated fees. Updated fees shall be rounded as 
follows. (This rounding procedure excludes copying, printing and search 
fees.)
    (1) Fees between $1 and $30 shall be rounded to the nearest $1;
    (2) Fees between $30 and $100 shall be rounded to the nearest $10;
    (3) Fees between $100 and $999 shall be rounded to the nearest $50; 
and
    (4) Fees above $1,000 shall be rounded to the nearest $100.

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  360.5 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  360.5T  Updating user fees.

    (a) Update. Each fee established in this part may be updated in 
accordance with this section as deemed necessary by the FMCSA.
    (b) Publication and effective dates. Updated fees shall be published 
in the Federal Register and shall become effective 30 days after 
publication.
    (c) Payment of fees. Any person submitting a filing for which a fee 
is established shall pay the fee in effect at the time of the filing.
    (d) Method of updating fees. Each fee shall be updated by updating 
the cost components comprising the fee. Cost components shall be updated 
as follows:
    (1) Direct labor costs shall be updated by multiplying base level 
direct labor costs by percentage changes in average wages and salaries 
of FMCSA employees. Base level direct labor costs are direct labor costs 
determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing Fees For Service, 
1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent cost studies. The base period for 
measuring changes shall be April 1984 or the year of the last cost 
study.
    (2) Operations overhead shall be developed each year on the basis of 
current relationships existing on a weighted basis, for indirect labor 
applicable to the first supervisory work centers directly associated 
with user fee activity. Actual updating of operations overhead will be 
accomplished by applying the current percentage factor to updated direct 
labor, including current governmental overhead costs.
    (3)(i) Office general and administrative costs shall be developed 
each year on the basis of current levels costs, i.e., dividing actual 
office general and administrative costs for the current fiscal year by 
total office costs for the office directly associated with user fee 
activity. Actual updating of office general and administrative costs 
will be

[[Page 43]]

accomplished by applying the current percentage factor to updated direct 
labor, including current governmental overhead and current operations 
overhead costs.
    (ii) FMCSA general and administrative costs shall be developed each 
year on the basis of current level costs; i.e., dividing actual FMCSA 
general and administrative costs for the current fiscal year by total 
agency expenses for the current fiscal year. Actual updating of FMCSA 
general and administrative costs will be accomplished by applying the 
current percentage factor to updated direct labor, including current 
governmental overhead, operations overhead and office general and 
administrative costs.
    (4) Publication costs shall be adjusted on the basis of known 
changes in the costs applicable to publication of material in the 
Federal Register or FMCSA Register. (This rounding procedures excludes 
copying, printing and search fees.)
    (e) Rounding of updated fees. Updated fees shall be rounded in the 
following manner:
    (1) Fees between $1 and $30 will be rounded to the nearest $1;
    (2) Fees between $30 and $100 will be rounded to the nearest $10;
    (3) Fees between $100 and $999 will be rounded to the nearest $50; 
and
    (4) Fees above $1,000 will be rounded to the nearest $100.

[82 FR 5298, Jan. 17, 2017]



PART 365_RULES GOVERNING APPLICATIONS FOR OPERATING AUTHORITY-
-Table of Contents



             Subpart A_How To Apply for Operating Authority

Sec.
365.101 Applications governed by these rules.
365.101T Applications governed by these rules.
365.102-365.103 [Reserved]
365.103T Modified procedure.
365.104 [Reserved]
365.105 Starting the application process: Form MCSA-1.
365.105T Starting the application process: Form OP-1.
365.106 [Reserved]
365.106T Starting the application process: URS online application.
365.107 Types of applications.
365.107T Types of applications.
365.108 [Reserved]
365.109 FMCSA review of the application.
365.109T FMCSA review of the application.
365.110 Need to complete New Entrant Safety Assurance Program.
365.111 Appeals to rejections of the application.
365.111T Appeals to rejections of the application.
365.113 Changing the request for authority or filing supplementary 
          evidence after the application is filed.
365.115 After publication in the FMCSA Register.
365.117 Obtaining a copy of the application.
365.119 Opposed applications.
365.119T Opposed applications.
365.121 Filing a reply statement.
365.123 Applicant withdrawal.

             Subpart B_How To Oppose Requests for Authority

365.201 Definitions.
365.201T Definitions.
365.203 Time for filing.
365.203T Time for filing.
365.205 Contents of the protest.
365.207 Withdrawal.

        Subpart C_General Rules Governing the Application Process

365.301 [Reserved]
365.301T Applicable rules.
365.303 Contacting another party.
365.305 Serving copies of pleadings.
365.307 Replies to motions.
365.309 FAX filings.

      Subpart D_Transfer of Operating Rights Under 49 U.S.C. 10926

365.401 Scope of rules.
365.403 Definitions.
365.405 Reporting requirement.

      Subpart D_Transfer of Operating Rights Under 49 U.S.C. 10926

365.401T Scope of rules.
365.403T Definitions.
365.405T Applications.
365.407T Notice.
365.409T FMCSA action and criteria for approval.
365.411T Responsive pleadings.
365.413T Procedures for changing the name or business form of a motor 
          carrier, freight forwarder, or property broker.

[[Page 44]]

      Subpart E_Special Rules for Certain Mexico-Domiciled Carriers

365.501 Scope of rules.
365.503 Application.
365.505 Re-registration and fee waiver for certain applicants.
365.507 FMCSA action on the application.
365.507T FMCSA action on the application.
365.509 Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.
365.509T Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.
365.511 Requirement for CVSA inspection of vehicles during first three 
          consecutive years of permanent operating authority.

Appendix A to Subpart E of Part 365--Explanation of Pre-Authorization 
          Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria for Mexico-Domiciled Motor 
          Carriers
Appendix A to Part 365--Applicability of the Registration, Financial 
          Responsibility, and Safety Regulations to Motor Carriers of 
          Passengers

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 553 and 559; 49 U.S.C. 13101, 13301, 13901-
13906, 13908, 14708, 31133, 31138, and 31144; 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 59 FR 63728, Dec. 9, 1994, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 365 appear at 66 FR 
49870, Oct. 1, 2001.



             Subpart A_How To Apply for Operating Authority



Sec.  365.101  Applications governed by these rules.

    These rules govern the handling of applications for operating 
authority of the following type:
    (a) Applications for certificates of motor carrier registration to 
operate as a motor carrier of property or passengers.
    (b) Applications for permits to operate as a freight forwarder.
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) Applications for licenses to operate as a broker of motor 
vehicle transportation.
    (e) Applications for certificates under 49 U.S.C. 13902(b)(3) to 
operate as a motor carrier of passengers in intrastate commerce over 
regular routes if such intrastate transportation is to be provided on a 
route over which the carrier provides interstate transportation of 
passengers.
    (f) [Reserved]
    (g) Applications for temporary motor carrier authority.
    (h) Applications for Mexico-domiciled motor carriers to operate in 
foreign commerce as common, contract or private motor carriers of 
property (including exempt items) between Mexico and all points in the 
United States. A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier may not provide point-
to-point transportation services, including express delivery services, 
within the United States for goods other than international cargo.
    (i) Applications for non-North America-domiciled motor carriers to 
operate in foreign commerce as for-hire motor carriers of property and 
passengers within the United States.
    (j) The rules in this part do not apply to ``pipeline welding 
trucks'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[59 FR 63728, Dec. 9, 1994, as amended at 60 FR 63981, Dec. 13, 1995; 62 
FR 49940, Sept. 24, 1997; 67 FR 12714, Mar. 19, 2002; 67 FR 61820, Oct. 
2, 2002; 73 FR 76488, Dec. 16, 2008; 74 FR 2901, Jan. 16, 2009; 81 FR 
47720, July 22, 2016; 80 FR 63704, Oct. 21, 2015; 86 FR 57068, Oct. 14, 
2021]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.101 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 86 FR 57068, Oct. 14, 2021, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  365.101. In that 
same document, Sec.  365.101 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  365.101T  Applications governed by these rules.

    These rules govern the handling of applications for operating 
authority of the following type:
    (a) Applications for certificates and permits to operate as a motor 
common or contract carrier of property or passengers.
    (b) Applications for permits to operate as a freight forwarder.
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) Applications for licenses to operate as a broker of motor 
vehicle transportation.
    (e) Applications for certificates under 49 U.S.C. 13902(b)(3) to 
operate as a motor carrier of passengers in intrastate commerce over 
regular routes if such intrastate transportation is to be provided on a 
route over which the carrier provides interstate transportation of 
passengers.
    (f) [Reserved]

[[Page 45]]

    (g) Applications for temporary motor carrier authority.
    (h) Applications for Mexico-domiciled motor carriers to operate in 
foreign commerce as for-hire or private motor carriers of property 
(including exempt items) between Mexico and all points in the United 
States. A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier may not provide point-to-point 
transportation services, including express delivery services, within the 
United States for goods other than international cargo.
    (i) Applications for non-North America-domiciled motor carriers to 
operate in foreign commerce as for-hire motor carriers of property and 
passengers within the United States.
    (j) The rules in this part do not apply to ``pipeline welding 
trucks'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 86 FR 57068, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  365.102-365.103  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec. Sec.  
365.102 and 365.103 were suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.103T  Modified procedure.

    The FMCSA will handle licensing application proceedings using the 
modified procedure, if possible. The applicant and protestants send 
statements made under oath (verified statements) to each other and to 
the FMCSA. There are no personal appearances or formal hearings.

[82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.104  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.104 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.105  Starting the application process: Form MCSA-1.

    (a) Each applicant must apply for operating authority by 
electronically filing Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, to 
request authority pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 13902, 13903 or 13904 to operate 
as a:
    (1) Motor carrier of property or passengers,
    (2) Broker of general commodities or household goods, or
    (3) Freight forwarder of general commodities or household goods.
    (b) Obtain forms at a FMCSA Division Office in each State or at one 
of the FMCSA Service Centers. Addresses and phone numbers for the 
Division Offices and Service Centers can be found at: https://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/mission/field-offices. The forms and information about 
filing procedures can be downloaded at: https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/
registration/registration-forms.
    (c) Form MCSA-1 is the URS online application and is available, 
including complete instructions, from the FMCSA Web site at http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.

[80 FR 63704, Oct. 21, 2015; 81 FR 68344, Oct. 4, 2016]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.105 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.105T  Starting the application process: Form OP-1.

    (a)(1) Each applicant must file the appropriate form in the OP-1 
series. Form OP-1 must be filed when requesting authority to operate as 
a motor property carrier, a broker of general freight, or a broker of 
household goods; Form OP-1(P) must be filed when requesting authority to 
operate as a motor passenger carrier; Form OP-1(FF) must be filed when 
requesting authority to operate as a freight forwarder; Form OP-1(MX) 
must be filed by a Mexico-domiciled motor property, including household 
goods, carrier, or a motor passenger carrier requesting authority to 
operate within the United States; and effective December 16, 2009.
    (2) Form OP-1(NNA) must be filed by a non-North America-domiciled 
motor property, including household goods, carrier or a motor passenger 
carrier requesting authority to operate within the United States. A 
separate filing fee in the amount set forth at 49 CFR 360.3T(f)(1) is 
required for each type of authority sought.
    (b) Obtain forms at a FMCSA Division Office in each State or at one 
of the FMCSA Service Centers. Addresses and phone numbers for the 
Division Offices and Service Centers can be found at: https://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/mission/field-offices. The forms and information

[[Page 46]]

about filing procedures can be downloaded at: https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/
registration/registration-forms.

[82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.106T  Starting the application process: URS online application.

    (a) Notwithstanding Sec.  365.105T, new applicants as defined in 
paragraph (b) of this section must apply for a USDOT number and if 
applicable, operating authority by electronically filing Form MCSA-1, 
the URS online application, to request authority pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 
13902, 13903, or 13904 to operate as a:
    (1) Motor carrier of property (not household goods), property 
(household goods) or passengers;
    (2) Broker of general commodities or household goods; or
    (3) Freight forwarder of general commodities or household goods.
    (b) For purposes of this section, a ``new applicant'' is an entity 
applying for a USDOT number and if applicable, operating authority who 
does not at the time of application have an active registration or 
USDOT, Motor Carrier (MC), Mexico owned or controlled (MX) or Freight 
Forwarder (FF) number, and who has never had an active registration or 
USDOT, MC, MX, or FF number.
    (c) Form MCSA-1 is the URS online application, and both the 
application and its instructions are available from the FMCSA Web site 
at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.

[82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.106  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.106 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.107  Types of applications.

    (a) Fitness applications. Motor property applications and certain 
types of motor passenger applications require the finding that the 
applicant is fit, willing and able to perform the involved operations 
and to comply with all applicable statutory and regulatory provisions. 
These applications can be opposed only on the grounds that applicant is 
not fit [e.g., is not in compliance with applicable financial 
responsibility and safety fitness requirements]. These applications are:
    (1) Motor carrier of property (except household goods).
    (2) Broker of general commodities or household goods.
    (3) Certain types of motor carrier of passenger applications as 
described in Form MCSA-1.
    (b) Motor carrier of passenger ``public interest'' applications as 
described in Form MCSA-1.
    (c) Intrastate motor passenger applications under 49 U.S.C. 
13902(b)(3) as described in Form MCSA-1.
    (d) Motor carrier of household goods applications, including Mexico- 
or non-North America-domiciled carrier applicants. In addition to 
meeting the fitness standard under paragraph (a) of this section, an 
applicant seeking authority to operate as a motor carrier of household 
goods must:
    (1) Provide evidence of participation in an arbitration program and 
provide a copy of the notice of the arbitration program as required by 
49 U.S.C. 14708(b)(2);
    (2) Identify its tariff and provide a copy of the notice of the 
availability of that tariff for inspection as required by 49 U.S.C. 
13702(c);
    (3) Provide evidence that it has access to, has read, is familiar 
with, and will observe all applicable Federal laws relating to consumer 
protection, estimating, consumers' rights and responsibilities, and 
options for limitations of liability for loss and damage; and
    (4) Disclose any relationship involving common stock, common 
ownership, common management, or common familial relationships between 
the applicant and any other motor carrier, freight forwarder, or broker 
of household goods within 3 years of the proposed date of registration.
    (e) Temporary authority (TA) for motor carriers. These applications 
require a finding that there is or soon will be an immediate 
transportation need that cannot be met by existing carrier service.
    (1) Applications for TA will be entertained only when an emergency 
declaration has been made pursuant to Sec.  390.23 of this subchapter.

[[Page 47]]

    (2) Temporary authority must be requested by filing Form MCSA-1.
    (3) Applications for temporary authority are not subject to protest.
    (4) Motor carriers granted temporary authority must comply with 
financial responsibility requirements under part 387 of this subchapter.
    (5) Only a U.S.-domiciled motor carrier is eligible to receive 
temporary authority.

[80 FR 63704, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.107 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.107T  Types of applications.

    (a) Fitness applications. Motor property applications and certain 
types of motor passenger applications require only the finding that the 
applicant is fit, willing and able to perform the involved operations 
and to comply with all applicable statutory and regulatory provisions. 
These applications can be opposed only on the grounds that applicant is 
not fit [e.g., is not in compliance with applicable financial 
responsibility and safety fitness requirements]. These applications are:
    (1) Motor common and contract carrier of property (except household 
goods), Mexican motor property carriers that perform private carriage 
and transport exempt items, and motor contract carrier of passengers 
transportation.
    (2) Motor carrier brokerage of general commodities (except household 
goods).
    (3) Certain types of motor passenger applications as described in 
Form OP-1 (P).
    (b) Motor passenger ``public interest'' applications as described in 
Form OP-1 (P).
    (c) Intrastate motor passenger applications under 49 U.S.C. 
13902(b)(3) as described in Form OP-1, Schedule B.
    (d) Motor common carrier of household goods applications, including 
Mexican carrier applicants. These applications require a finding that:
    (1) The applicant is fit, willing, and able to provide the involved 
transportation and to comply with all applicable statutory and 
regulatory provisions; and
    (2) The service proposed will serve a useful public purpose, 
responsive to a public demand or need.
    (e) Motor contract carrier of household goods, household goods 
property broker, and freight forwarder applications. These applications 
require a finding that:
    (1) The applicant is fit, willing, and able to provide the involved 
transportation and to comply with all applicable statutory and 
regulatory provisions; and
    (2) The transportation to be provided will be consistent with the 
public interest and the national transportation policy of 49 U.S.C. 
13101.
    (f) Temporary authority (TA) for motor and water carriers. These 
applications require a finding that there is or soon will be an 
immediate transportation need that cannot be met by existing carrier 
service.
    (g) In view of the expedited time frames established in this part 
for processing requests for permanent authority, applications for TA 
will be entertained only in exceptional circumstances (i.e., natural 
disasters or national emergencies) when evidence of immediate service 
need can be specifically documented in a narrative supplement appended 
to Form OP-1 for motor property carriers, Form OP-1MX for Mexican 
property carriers and, Form OP-1(P) for motor passenger carriers.

[82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.108  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.108 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.109  FMCSA review of the application.

    (a) FMCSA staff will review the application for correctness, 
completeness, and adequacy of the evidence (the prima facie case).
    (1) Minor errors will be corrected without notification to the 
applicant.
    (2) Materially incomplete applications will be rejected. 
Applications that are in substantial compliance with these rules may be 
accepted.
    (3) All motor carrier applications will be reviewed for consistency 
with the FMCSA's operational safety fitness

[[Page 48]]

policy. Applicants with ``Unsatisfactory'' safety fitness ratings from 
DOT will have their applications rejected.
    (4) FMCSA staff will review completed applications that conform with 
the FMCSA's safety fitness policy and that are accompanied by evidence 
of adequate financial responsibility.
    (5) All applicants must file the appropriate evidence of financial 
responsibility pursuant to 49 CFR part 387 within 90 days from the date 
notice of the application is published in the FMCSA Register:
    (i) Form BMC-91 or 91X or BMC 82 surety bond--Bodily injury and 
property damage (motor property and passenger carriers; and freight 
forwarders that provide pickup or delivery service directly or by using 
a local delivery service under their control),
    (ii) Form BMC-84--Surety bond or Form BMC-85--trust fund agreement 
(property brokers of general commodities and household goods).
    (iii) Form BMC-34 or BMC 83 surety bond--Cargo liability (household 
goods motor carriers and household goods freight forwarders).
    (6) Applicants also must submit Form BOC-3--Designation of Agents--
Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders--within 90 days from the 
date notice of the application is published in the FMCSA Register.
    (7) Applicants seeking to conduct operations for which tariffs are 
required may not commence such operations until tariffs are in effect.
    (8) All applications must be completed in English.
    (b) A summary of the application will be published in the FMCSA 
Register to give notice to the public in case anyone wishes to oppose 
the application.

[59 FR 63728, Dec. 9, 1994, as amended at 60 FR 63981, Dec. 13, 1995; 67 
FR 61820, Oct. 2, 2002; 75 FR 35328, June 22, 2010; 81 FR 63704, Oct. 
21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5299, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.109 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.109T  FMCSA review of the application.

    (a) FMCSA staff will review the application for correctness, 
completeness, and adequacy of the evidence (the prima facie case).
    (1) Minor errors will be corrected without notification to the 
applicant.
    (2) Materially incomplete applications will be rejected. 
Applications that are in substantial compliance with these rules may be 
accepted.
    (3) All motor carrier applications will be reviewed for consistency 
with the FMCSA's operational safety fitness policy. Applicants with 
``Unsatisfactory'' safety fitness ratings from DOT will have their 
applications rejected.
    (4) FMCSA staff will review completed applications that conform with 
the FMCSA's safety fitness policy and that are accompanied by evidence 
of adequate financial responsibility.
    (5) Financial responsibility is indicated by filing within 20 days 
from the date an application notice is published in the FMCSA Register:
    (i) Form BMC-91 or 91X or BMC 82 surety bond--Bodily injury and 
property damage (motor property and passenger carriers; household goods 
freight forwarders that provide pickup or delivery service directly or 
by using a local delivery service under their control).
    (ii) Form BMC-84--Surety bond or Form BMC-85--trust fund agreement 
(property brokers of general commodities and household goods).
    (iii) Form BMC 34 or BMC 83 surety bond--Cargo liability (household 
goods motor carriers and household goods freight forwarders).
    (6) Applicants also must submit Form BOC-3--designation of legal 
process agents--within 20 days from the date an application notice is 
published in the FMCSA Register.
    (7) Applicants seeking to conduct operations for which tariffs are 
required may not commence such operations until tariffs are in effect.
    (8) All applications must be completed in English.
    (b) A summary of the application will be published as a preliminary 
grant of authority in the FMCSA Register to give notice to the public in 
case anyone wishes to oppose the application.

[82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.110  Need to complete New Entrant Safety Assurance Program.

    For motor carriers operating commercial motor vehicles as defined in 
49

[[Page 49]]

U.S.C. 31132, operating authority obtained under procedures in this part 
does not become permanent until the applicant satisfactorily completes 
the New Entrant Safety Assurance Program in part 385 of this subchapter.

[80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]



Sec.  365.111  Appeals to rejections of the application.

    (a) An applicant has the right to appeal rejection of the 
application. The appeal must be filed at the FMCSA, Office of 
Registration and Safety Information, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., 
Washington, DC 20590, within 10 days of the date of the letter of 
rejection.
    (b) If the appeal is successful and the filing is found to be 
proper, the application shall be deemed to have been properly filed as 
of the decision date of the appeal.

[59 FR 63728, Dec. 9, 1994, as amended at 80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.111 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.111T  Appeals to rejections of the application.

    (a) An applicant has the right to appeal rejection of the 
application. The appeal must be filed at the FMCSA within 10 days of the 
date of the letter of rejection.
    (b) If the appeal is successful and the filing is found to be 
proper, the application shall be deemed to have been properly filed as 
of the decision date of the appeal.

[82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.113  Changing the request for authority or filing supplementary
evidence after the application is filed.

    (a) Once the application is filed, the applicant may supplement 
evidence only with approval of the FMCSA.
    (b) Amendments to the application generally are not permitted, but 
in appropriate instances may be entertained at the discretion of the 
FMCSA.



Sec.  365.115  After publication in the FMCSA Register.

    (a) Interested persons have 10 days from the date of FMCSA Register 
publication to file protests. See Subpart B of this part.
    (b) If no one opposes the application, the grant published in the 
FMCSA Register will become effective by issuance of a certificate, 
permit, or license.



Sec.  365.117  Obtaining a copy of the application.

    After publication, interested persons may request a copy of the 
application by contacting the FMCSA-designated contract agent (as 
identified in the FMCSA Register).



Sec.  365.119  Opposed applications.

    If the application is opposed, opposing parties are required to send 
a copy of their protest to the applicant and to FMCSA. All protests must 
include statements made under oath (verified statements). There are no 
personal appearances or formal hearings.

[80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.119 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.119T  Opposed applications.

    If the application is opposed, opposing parties are required to send 
a copy of their protest to the applicant

[82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.121  Filing a reply statement.

    (a) If the application is opposed, applicant may file a reply 
statement. This statement is due within 20 days after FMCSA Register 
publication.
    (b) The reply statement may not contain new evidence. It shall only 
rebut or further explain matters previously raised.
    (c) The reply statement need not be notarized or verified. Applicant 
understands that the oath in the application form applies to all 
evidence submitted in the application. Separate legal arguments by 
counsel need not be notarized or verified.



Sec.  365.123  Applicant withdrawal.

    If the applicant wishes to withdraw an application, it shall request 
dismissal in writing.

[[Page 50]]



             Subpart B_How To Oppose Requests for Authority



Sec.  365.201  Definitions.

    A person wishing to oppose a request for operating authority files a 
protest. A person filing a valid protest is known as a protestant.

[81 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.201 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.201T  Definitions.

    A person wishing to oppose a request for permanent authority files a 
protest. A person filing a valid protest becomes a protestant.

[82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.203  Time for filing.

    A protest shall be filed (received at the FMCSA, Office of 
Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS), 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., 
Washington, DC 20590) within 10 days after notice of the application 
appears in the FMCSA Register. A copy of the protest shall be sent to 
applicant's representative at the same time. Failure timely to file a 
protest waives further participation in the proceeding

[80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015, as amended at 84 FR 51432, Sept. 30, 2019]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.203 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 84 FR 51432, Sept. 30, 2019, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  365.203. In that 
same document, Sec.  365.203 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  365.203T  Time for filing.

    A protest shall be filed (received at the FMCSA, Office of 
Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS), 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, 
Washington, DC 20590) within 10 days after notice of the application 
appears in the FMCSA Register. A copy of the protest shall be sent to 
applicant's representative at the same time. Failure timely to file a 
protest waives further participation in the proceeding.

[84 FR 51432, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  365.205  Contents of the protest.

    (a) All information upon which the protestant plans to rely is put 
into the protest.
    (b) A protest must be verified, as follows:

    I, ____________________, verify under penalty of perjury under laws 
of the United States of America, that the information above is true and 
correct. Further, I certify that I am qualified and authorized to file 
this protest. (See 18 U.S.C. 1001 and 18 U.S.C. 1621 for penalties.)

(Signature and Date)

    (c) A protest not in substantial compliance with applicable 
statutory standards or these rules may be rejected.
    (d) Protests must respond directly to the statutory standards for 
FMCSA review of the application. As these standards vary for particular 
types of applications, potential protestants should refer to the general 
criteria addressed at Sec.  365.107 and may consult the FMCSA at 800-
832-5660 or via the web form at https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/ask for 
further assistance in developing their evidence.

[59 FR 63728, Dec. 9, 1994. Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 49940, Sept. 24, 1997; 81 FR 68344, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  365.207  Withdrawal.

    A protestant wishing to withdraw from a proceeding shall inform the 
FMCSA and applicant in writing.



        Subpart C_General Rules Governing the Application Process



Sec.  365.301  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.301 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.301T  Applicable rules.

    Generally, all application proceedings are governed by the FMCSA's 
Rules of Practice at part 386 of this chapter except as designated 
below.

[82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.303  Contacting another party.

    When a person wishes to contact a party or serve a pleading or 
letter on that party, it shall do so through its

[[Page 51]]

representative. The phone and FAX numbers and address of applicant's 
representative shall be listed in the FMCSA Register.



Sec.  365.305  Serving copies of pleadings.

    (a) An applicant must serve all pleadings and letters on the FMCSA 
and all known participants in the proceeding, except that a reply to a 
motion need only be served on the moving party.
    (b) A protestant need serve only the FMCSA and applicant with 
pleadings or letters.



Sec.  365.307  Replies to motions.

    Replies to motions filed under this part are due within 5 days of 
the date the motion is filed at the FMCSA.



Sec.  365.309  FAX filings.

    FAX filings of applications and supporting evidence are not 
permitted. To assist parties in meeting the expedited time frames 
established for protesting an application, however, the FMCSA will 
accept FAX filings of protests and any reply or rebuttal evidence. FAX 
filings of these pleadings must be followed by the original document, 
plus one copy for FMCSA recordkeeping purposes.



               Subpart D_Transfers of Operating Authority

    Source: 80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015, unless otherwise noted.

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, subpart D 
(Sec. Sec.  365.401-365.413) was suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.401  Scope of rules.

    The rules in this subpart define the procedures for motor carriers, 
property brokers, and freight forwarders to report to FMCSA transactions 
that result in the transfer of operating authority and are not subject 
to approval by the U.S. Surface Transportation Board under 49 U.S.C. 
14303.



Sec.  365.403  Definitions.

    For the purposes of this subpart, the following definitions apply:
    (a) Transfer. A transfer means any transaction in which an operating 
authority issued to one person is taken over by another person or 
persons who assume legal responsibility for the operations. Such 
transactions include a purchase of all or some of the assets of a 
company, a merger of two or more companies, or acquisition of 
controlling interest in a company through a purchase of company stock.
    (b) Operating authority. Operating authority means a registration 
required by 49 U.S.C. 13902 issued to motor carriers; 49 U.S.C. 13903 
issued to freight forwarders; and 49 U.S.C. 13904 issued to brokers.
    (c) Person. An individual, partnership, corporation, company, 
association, or other form of business, or a trustee, receiver, 
assignee, or personal representative of any of these entities.



Sec.  365.405  Reporting requirement.

    (a) Every transfer of operating authority from one person to another 
person must be reported by both the transferee and transferor using the 
URS online application, Form MCSA-1, (available at http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs) in accordance with Sec.  390.201(d)(5) of this 
subchapter.
    (b) The following information must be furnished:
    (1) Full name, address and USDOT Numbers of the transferee and 
transferor.
    (2) A copy of the operating authority being transferred.



      Subpart D_Transfer of Operating Rights Under 49 U.S.C. 10926

    Source: 82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  365.401T  Scope of rules.

    These rules define the procedures that enable motor passenger and 
property carriers, property brokers, and household goods freight 
forwarders to obtain approval from the FMCSA to merge, transfer, or 
lease their operating rights in financial transactions not subject to 49 
U.S.C. 11343. Transactions covered by these rules are governed by 49 
U.S.C. 10321 and 10926. The filing fee is set forth at 49 CFR 
360.3T(f)(8).

[[Page 52]]



Sec.  365.403T  Definitions.

    For the purposes of this part, the following definitions apply:
    (a) Transfer. (1) Transfers include all transactions (i.e., the sale 
or lease of interstate operating rights, or the merger of two or more 
carriers or a carrier into a noncarrier) subject to 49 U.S.C. 10926, as 
well as the sale of property brokers' licenses under 49 U.S.C. 10321.
    (2) The execution of a chattel mortgage, deed of trust, or other 
similar document does not constitute a transfer or require FMCSA's 
approval. However, a foreclosure for the purpose of transferring an 
operating right to satisfy a judgment or claim against the record holder 
may not be effected without approval of FMCSA.
    (b) Operating rights. Operating rights include:
    (1) Certificates and permits issued to motor carriers;
    (2) Permits issued to freight forwarders;
    (3) Licenses issued to property brokers; and
    (4) Certificates of Registration issued to motor carriers. The term 
also includes authority held by virtue of the gateway elimination 
regulations published in the Federal Register as letter-notices.
    (c) Certificate of registration. The evidence of a motor carrier's 
right to engage in interstate or foreign commerce within a single State 
is established by a corresponding State certificate.
    (d) Person. An individual, partnership, corporation, company, 
association, or other form of business, or a trustee, receiver, 
assignee, or personal representative of any of these.
    (e) Record holder. The person shown on the records of the FMCSA as 
the legal owner of the operating rights.
    (f) Control. A relationship between persons that includes actual 
control, legal control, and the power to exercise control, through or by 
common directors, officers, stockholders, a voting trust, a holding or 
investment company, or any other means.
    (g) Category 1 transfers. Transactions in which the person to whom 
the operating rights would be transferred is not an FMCSA carrier and is 
not affiliated with any FMCSA carrier.
    (h) Category 2 transfers. Transactions in which the person to whom 
the operating rights would be transferred is an FMCSA carrier and/or is 
affiliated with an FMCSA carrier.

[82 FR 5300, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22873, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  365.405T  Applications.

    (a) Procedural requirements. (1) At least 10 days before 
consummation, an original and two copies of a properly completed Form 
OP-FC-1 and any attachments (see paragraph (b)(1)(viii) of this section) 
must be filed with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS), 1200 New Jersey 
Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (2) At any time after the expiration of the 10-day waiting period, 
applicants may consummate the transaction, subject to the subsequent 
approval of the application by the FMCSA, as described below. The 
transferee may commence operations under the rights acquired from the 
transferor upon its compliance with the FMCSA's regulations governing 
insurance, and process agents. See 49 CFR parts 387, subpart C, and 366, 
respectively. In the alternative, applicants may wait until the FMCSA 
has issued a decision on their application before transferring the 
operating rights. If the transferee wants the transferor's operating 
authority to be reissued in its name, it should furnish the FMCSA with a 
statement executed by both transferor and transferee indicating that the 
transaction has been consummated. Authority will not be reissued until 
after the FMCSA has approved the transaction.
    (b) Information required. (1) In category 1 and category 2 
transfers, applicants must furnish the following information:
    (i) Full name, address, and signatures of the transferee and 
transferor.
    (ii) A copy of the transferor's operating authority involved in the 
transfer proceeding.
    (iii) A short summary of the essential terms of the transaction.
    (iv) If relevant, the status of proceedings for the transfer of 
State certificate(s) corresponding to the Certificates of Registration 
being transferred.

[[Page 53]]

    (v) A statement as to whether the transfer will or will not 
significantly affect the quality of the human environment.
    (vi) Certification by transferor and transferee of their current 
respective safety ratings by the United States Department of 
Transportation (i.e., satisfactory, conditional, unsatisfactory, or 
unrated).
    (vii) Certification by the transferee that it has sufficient 
insurance coverage under 49 U.S.C. 13906 for the service it intends to 
provide.
    (viii) Information to demonstrate that the proposed transaction is 
consistent with the national transportation policy and satisfies the 
criteria for approval set forth at Sec.  365.409T. (Such information may 
be appended to the application form and, if provided, would be embraced 
by the oath and verification contained on that form.)
    (ix) If motor carrier operating rights are being transferred, 
certification by the transferee that it is not domiciled in Mexico nor 
owned or controlled by persons of that country.
    (2) Category 2 applicants must also submit the following additional 
information:
    (i) Name(s) of the carrier(s), if any, with which the transferee is 
affiliated.
    (ii) Aggregate revenues of the transferor, transferee, and their 
carrier affiliates from interstate transportation sources for a 1-year 
period ending not earlier than 6 months before the date of the agreement 
of the parties concerning the transaction. If revenues exceed $2 
million, the transfer may be subject to 49 U.S.C. 14303 rather than 
these rules.



Sec.  365.407T  Notice.

    The FMCSA will give notice of approved transfer applications through 
publication in the FMCSA Register.



Sec.  365.409T  FMCSA action and criteria for approval.

    A transfer will be approved under this section if:
    (a) The transaction is not subject to 49 U.S.C. 14303; and
    (b) The transaction is consistent with the public interest; however,
    (c) If the transferor or transferee has an ``Unsatisfactory'' safety 
fitness rating from DOT, the transfer may be denied. If an application 
is denied, the FMCSA will set forth the basis for its action in a 
decision or letter notice. If parties with ``Unsatisfactory'' safety 
fitness ratings consummate a transaction pursuant to the 10-day rule at 
Sec.  365.405T prior to the notification of FMCSA action, they do so at 
their own risk and subject to any conditions we may impose subsequently. 
Transactions that have been consummated but later are denied by the 
FMCSA are null and void and must be rescinded. Similarly, if 
applications contain false or misleading information, they are void ab 
initio.



Sec.  365.411T  Responsive pleadings.

    (a) Protests must be filed within 20 days after the date of 
publication of an approved transfer application in the FMCSA Register. 
Protests received prior to the notice will be rejected. Applicants may 
respond within 20 days after the due date of protests. Petitions for 
reconsideration of decisions denying applications must be filed within 
20 days after the date of service of such decisions.
    (b) Protests and petitions for reconsideration must be filed with 
the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Office of Registration 
and Safety Information (MC-RS), 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., Washington, DC 
20590-0001, and be served on appropriate parties.



Sec.  365.413T  Procedures for changing the name or business form of
a motor carrier, freight forwarder, or property broker.

    (a) Scope. These procedures apply in the following circumstances:
    (1) A change in the form of a business, such as the incorporation of 
a partnership or sole proprietorship;
    (2) A change in the legal name of a corporation or partnership or 
change in the trade name or assumed name of any entity;
    (3) A transfer of operating rights from a deceased or incapacitated 
spouse to the other spouse;
    (4) A reincorporation and merger for the purpose of effecting a name 
change;
    (5) An amalgamation or consolidation of a carrier and a noncarrier 
into a new carrier having a different name

[[Page 54]]

from either of the predecessor entities; and
    (6) A change in the State of incorporation accomplished by 
dissolving the corporation in one State and reincorporating in another 
State.
    (b) Procedures. To accomplish these changes, a letter or signed copy 
of form MCSA-5889, ``Motor Carrier Records Change Form,'' OMB No. 2126-
0060, must be submitted to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration. It must be submitted in one of the following three ways.
    (1) Scanned and submitted via the web form at https://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/ask;
    (2) Faxed to (202-366-3477); or
    (3) Mailed to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS), 1200 New Jersey 
Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. The envelope should be marked 
``NAME CHANGE''.
    (c) The registrant must provide:
    (1) The docket number(s) and name of the carrier, freight forwarder, 
or property broker requesting the change;
    (2) A copy of the articles of incorporation and the State 
certificate reflecting the incorporation;
    (3) The name(s) of the owner(s) of the stock and the distribution of 
the shares;
    (4) The names of the officers and directors of the corporation; and
    (5) A statement that there is no change in the ownership, 
management, or control of the business. When this procedure is being 
used to transfer operating rights from a deceased or incapacitated 
spouse to the other spouse, documentation that the other spouse has the 
legal right to effect such change must be included with the request. The 
fee for filing a name change request is in Sec.  360.3T(f) of this 
chapter.



      Subpart E_Special Rules for Certain Mexico-domiciled Carriers

    Source: 67 FR 12714, Mar. 19, 2002, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  365.501  Scope of rules.

    (a) The rules in this subpart govern the application by a Mexico-
domiciled motor carrier to provide transportation of property or 
passengers in interstate commerce between Mexico and points in the 
United States beyond the municipalities and commercial zones along the 
United States-Mexico international border.
    (b) A Mexico-domiciled carrier may not provide point-to-point 
transportation services, including express delivery services, within the 
United States for goods other than international cargo.



Sec.  365.503  Application.

    (a) Each applicant applying under this subpart must submit an 
application that consists of:
    (1) Form OP-1 (MX)--Application to Register Mexican Carriers for 
Motor Carrier Authority To Operate Beyond U.S. Municipalities and 
Commercial Zones on the U.S.-Mexico Border;
    (2) Form MCS-150--Motor Carrier Identification Report; and
    (3) A notification of the means used to designate process agents, 
either by submission in the application package of Form BOC-3--
Designation of Agents-Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders or 
a letter stating that the applicant will use a process agent service 
that will submit the Form BOC-3 electronically.
    (b) The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) will 
only process your application if it meets the following conditions:
    (1) The application must be completed in English;
    (2) The information supplied must be accurate, complete, and include 
all required supporting documents and applicable certifications in 
accordance with the instructions to Form OP-1 (MX), Form MCS-150, and 
Form BOC-3;
    (3) The application must include the filing fee payable to the FMCSA 
in the amount set forth at 49 CFR 360.3(f)(1); and
    (4) The application must be signed by the applicant.
    (c) You must submit the application to the address provided in Form 
OP-1(MX).
    (d) You may obtain the application forms from any FMCSA Division 
Office or download them from the FMCSA

[[Page 55]]

Web site at: http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/mission/forms.

[67 FR 12714, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended at 80 FR 59071, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  365.505  Re-registration and fee waiver for certain applicants.

    (a) If you filed an application using Form OP-1(MX) before May 3, 
2002, you are required to file a new Form OP-1(MX). You do not need to 
submit a new fee when you file a new application under this subpart.
    (b) If you hold a Certificate of Registration issued before April 
18, 2002, authorizing operations beyond the municipalities along the 
United States-Mexico border and beyond the commercial zones of such 
municipalities, you are required to file an OP-1(MX) if you want to 
continue those operations. You do not need to submit a fee when you file 
an application under this subpart.
    (1) You must file the application by November 4, 2003.
    (2) The FMCSA may suspend or revoke the Certificate of Registration 
of any applicable holder that fails to comply with the procedures set 
forth in this section.
    (3) Certificates of Registration issued before April 18, 2002, will 
remain valid until the FMCSA acts on the OP-1(MX) application.

[67 FR 12714, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended at 68 FR 56198, Sept. 30, 2003]



Sec.  365.507  FMCSA action on the application.

    (a) The FMCSA will review and act on each application submitted 
under this subpart in accordance with the procedures set out in this 
part.
    (b) The FMCSA will validate the accuracy of information and 
certifications provided in the application by checking data maintained 
in databases of the governments of Mexico and the United States.
    (c) Pre-authorization safety audit. Every Mexico-domiciled carrier 
that applies under this part must satisfactorily complete an FMCSA-
administered safety audit before FMCSA will grant provisional operating 
authority to operate in the United States. The safety audit is a review 
by the FMCSA of the carrier's written procedures and records to validate 
the accuracy of information and certifications provided in the 
application and determine whether the carrier has established or 
exercises the basic safety management controls necessary to ensure safe 
operations. The FMCSA will evaluate the results of the safety audit 
using the criteria in Appendix A to this subpart.
    (d) If a carrier successfully completes the pre-authorization safety 
audit and the FMCSA approves its application submitted under this 
subpart, FMCSA will publish a summary of the application as a 
preliminary grant of authority in the FMCSA Register to give notice to 
the public in case anyone wishes to oppose the application, as required 
in Sec.  365.109(b) of this part.
    (e) If the FMCSA grants provisional operating authority to the 
applicant, it will assign a distinctive USDOT Number that identifies the 
motor carrier as authorized to operate beyond the municipalities in the 
United States on the U.S.-Mexico international border and beyond the 
commercial zones of such municipalities. In order to operate in the 
United States, a Mexico-domiciled motor carrier with provisional 
operating authority must:
    (1) Have its surety or insurance provider file proof of financial 
responsibility in the form of certificates of insurance, surety bonds, 
and endorsements, as required by Sec.  387.301 of this subchapter;
    (2) Electronically file, or have its process agent(s) electronically 
file, Form BOC-3--Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and 
Freight Forwarders, as required by part 366 of this subchapter; and
    (3) Comply with all provisions of the safety monitoring system in 
subpart B of part 385 of this subchapter, including successfully passing 
CVSA Level I inspections at least every 90 days and having decals 
affixed to each commercial motor vehicle operated in the United States 
as required by Sec.  385.103(c) of this subchapter.
    (f) The FMCSA may grant permanent operating authority to a Mexico-
domiciled carrier no earlier than 18 months after the date that 
provisional operating authority is granted and only after successful 
completion to the satisfaction of the FMCSA of the safety

[[Page 56]]

monitoring system for Mexico-domiciled carriers set out in subpart B of 
part 385 of this subchapter. Successful completion includes obtaining a 
satisfactory safety rating as the result of a compliance review.

[67 FR 12714, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended at 80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5302, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.507 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.507T  FMCSA action on the application.

    (a) The FMCSA will review and act on each application submitted 
under this subpart in accordance with the procedures set out in this 
part.
    (b) The FMCSA will validate the accuracy of information and 
certifications provided in the application by checking data maintained 
in databases of the governments of Mexico and the United States.
    (c) Pre-authorization safety audit. Every Mexico-domiciled carrier 
that applies under this part must satisfactorily complete an FMCSA-
administered safety audit before FMCSA will grant provisional operating 
authority to operate in the United States. The safety audit is a review 
by the FMCSA of the carrier's written procedures and records to validate 
the accuracy of information and certifications provided in the 
application and determine whether the carrier has established or 
exercises the basic safety management controls necessary to ensure safe 
operations. The FMCSA will evaluate the results of the safety audit 
using the criteria in appendix A to this subpart.
    (d) If a carrier successfully completes the pre-authorization safety 
audit and the FMCSA approves its application submitted under this 
subpart, FMCSA will publish a summary of the application as a 
preliminary grant of authority in the FMCSA Register to give notice to 
the public in case anyone wishes to oppose the application, as required 
in Sec.  365.109T(b).
    (e) If the FMCSA grants provisional operating authority to the 
applicant, it will assign a distinctive USDOT Number that identifies the 
motor carrier as authorized to operate beyond the municipalities in the 
United States on the U.S.-Mexico international border and beyond the 
commercial zones of such municipalities. In order to operate in the 
United States, a Mexico-domiciled motor carrier with provisional 
operating authority must:
    (1) Have its surety or insurance provider file proof of financial 
responsibility in the form of certificates of insurance, surety bonds, 
and endorsements, as required by Sec.  387.301T of this subchapter;
    (2) File a hard copy of, or have its process agent(s) electronically 
submit, Form BOC-3--Designation of Agents-Motor Carriers, Brokers and 
Freight Forwarders, as required by part 366 of this subchapter; and
    (3) Comply with all provisions of the safety monitoring system in 
subpart B of part 385 of this subchapter, including successfully passing 
CVSA Level I inspections at least every 90 days and having decals 
affixed to each commercial motor vehicle operated in the United States 
as required by Sec.  385.103(c) of this subchapter.
    (f) The FMCSA may grant permanent operating authority to a Mexico-
domiciled carrier no earlier than 18 months after the date that 
provisional operating authority is granted and only after successful 
completion to the satisfaction of the FMCSA of the safety monitoring 
system for Mexico-domiciled carriers set out in subpart B of part 385 of 
this subchapter. Successful completion includes obtaining a satisfactory 
safety rating as the result of a compliance review.

[82 FR 5302, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.509  Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.

    (a) A motor carrier subject to this subpart must notify FMCSA of any 
changes or corrections to the information in parts I, IA, or II of Form 
OP-1(MX), or in Form BOC-3--Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, 
Brokers and Freight Forwarders, during the application process or after 
having been granted provisional operating authority. The carrier must 
notify FMCSA in writing within 30 days of the change or correction.
    (b) If a carrier fails to comply with paragraph (a) of this section, 
the

[[Page 57]]

FMCSA may suspend or revoke its operating authority until it meets those 
requirements.

[67 FR 12714, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended at 80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5302, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  365.509 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  365.509T  Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.

    (a) A motor carrier subject to this subpart must notify the FMCSA of 
any changes or corrections to the information in parts I, IA or II 
submitted on the Form OP-1(MX) or the Form BOC-3--Designation of 
Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders during the 
application process or after having been granted provisional operating 
authority. The carrier must notify the FMCSA in writing within 45 days 
of the change or correction.
    (b) If a carrier fails to comply with paragraph (a) of this section, 
the FMCSA may suspend or revoke its operating authority until it meets 
those requirements

[82 FR 5302, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  365.511  Requirement for CVSA inspection of vehicles during first
three consecutive years of permanent operating authority.

    A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier granted permanent operating 
authority must have its vehicles inspected by Commercial Vehicle Safety 
Alliance (CVSA)-certified inspectors every three months and display a 
current inspection decal attesting to the successful completion of such 
an inspection for at least three consecutive years after receiving 
permanent operating authority from the FMCSA.



      Sec. Appendix A to Subpart E of Part 365--Explanation of Pre-
  Authorization Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria for Mexico-Domiciled 
                             Motor Carriers

                               I. General

    (a) Section 350 of the Fiscal Year 2002 DOT Appropriations Act (Pub. 
L. 107-87) directed the FMCSA to perform a safety audit of each Mexico-
domiciled motor carrier before the FMCSA grants the carrier provisional 
operating authority to operate beyond United States municipalities and 
commercial zones on the United States-Mexico international border.
    (b) The FMCSA will decide whether it will conduct the safety audit 
at the Mexico-domiciled motor carrier's principal place of business in 
Mexico or at a location specified by the FMCSA in the United States, in 
accordance with the statutory requirements that 50 percent of all safety 
audits must be conducted onsite and on-site inspections cover at least 
50 percent of estimated truck traffic in any year. All records and 
documents must be made available for examination within 48 hours after a 
request is made. Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal holidays are excluded 
from the computation of the 48-hour period.
    (c) The safety audit will include:
    (1) Verification of available performance data and safety management 
programs;
    (2) Verification of a controlled substances and alcohol testing 
program consistent with part 40 of this title;
    (3) Verification of the carrier's system of compliance with hours-
of-service rules in part 395 of this subchapter, including recordkeeping 
and retention;
    (4) Verification of proof of financial responsibility;
    (5) Review of available data concerning the carrier's safety 
history, and other information necessary to determine the carrier's 
preparedness to comply with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Regulations, parts 382 through 399 of this subchapter, and the Federal 
Hazardous Material Regulations, parts 171 through 180 of this title;
    (6) Inspection of available commercial motor vehicles to be used 
under provisional operating authority, if any of these vehicles have not 
received a decal required by Sec.  385.103(c) of this subchapter;
    (7) Evaluation of the carrier's safety inspection, maintenance, and 
repair facilities or management systems, including verification of 
records of periodic vehicle inspections;
    (8) Verification of drivers' qualifications, including confirmation 
of the validity of the Licencia de Federal de Conductor of each driver 
the carrier intends to assign to operate under its provisional operating 
authority; and
    (9) An interview of carrier officials to review safety management 
controls and evaluate any written safety oversight policies and 
practices.
    (d) To successfully complete the safety audit, a Mexico-domiciled 
motor carrier must demonstrate to the FMCSA that it has the required 
elements in paragraphs (c)(2), (3), (4), (7), and (8) above and other 
basic safety management controls in place which function adequately to 
ensure minimum acceptable compliance with the applicable safety 
requirements. The FMCSA developed a ``safety audit evaluation 
criteria,'' which

[[Page 58]]

uses data from the safety audit and roadside inspections to determine 
that each applicant for provisional operating authority has basic safety 
management controls in place.
    (e) The safety audit evaluation process developed by the FMCSA is 
used to:
    (1) Evaluate basic safety management controls and determine if each 
Mexico-domiciled carrier and each driver is able to operate safely in 
the United States beyond municipalities and commercial zones on the 
United States-Mexico international border; and
    (2) Identify motor carriers and drivers who are having safety 
problems and need improvement in their compliance with the FMCSRs and 
the HMRs, before FMCSA grants the carriers provisional operating 
authority to operate beyond United States municipalities and commercial 
zones on the United States-Mexico international border.

     II. Source of the Data for the Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria

    (a) The FMCSA's evaluation criteria are built upon the operational 
tool known as the safety audit. The FMCSA developed this tool to assist 
auditors and investigators in assessing the adequacy of a Mexico-
domiciled carrier's basic safety management controls.
    (b) The safety audit is a review of a Mexico-domiciled motor 
carrier's operation and is used to:
    (1) Determine if a carrier has the basic safety management controls 
required by 49 U.S.C. 31144;
    (2) Meet the requirements of section 350 of the DOT Appropriations 
Act; and
    (3) In the event that a carrier is found not to be in compliance 
with applicable FMCSRs and HMRs, the safety audit can be used to educate 
the carrier on how to comply with U.S. safety rules.
    (c) Documents such as those contained in driver qualification files, 
records of duty status, vehicle maintenance records, and other records 
are reviewed for compliance with the FMCSRs and HMRs. Violations are 
cited on the safety audit. Performance-based information, when 
available, is utilized to evaluate the carrier's compliance with the 
vehicle regulations. Recordable accident information is also collected.

  III. Overall Determination of the Carrier's Basic Safety Management 
                                Controls

    (a) The carrier will not be granted provisional operating authority 
if the FMCSA fails to:
    (1) Verify a controlled substances and alcohol testing program 
consistent with part 40 of this title;
    (2) Verify a system of compliance with hours-of-service rules of 
this subchapter, including recordkeeping and retention;
    (3) Verify proof of financial responsibility;
    (4) Verify records of periodic vehicle inspections; and
    (5) Verify drivers' qualifications of each driver the carrier 
intends to assign to operate under such authority, as required by parts 
383 and 391 of this subchapter, including confirming the validity of 
each driver's Licencia de Federal de Conductor.
    (b) If the FMCSA confirms each item under III (a)(1) through (5) 
above, the carrier will be granted provisional operating authority, 
except if FMCSA finds the carrier has inadequate basic safety management 
controls in at least three separate factors described in part IV below. 
If FMCSA makes such a determination, the carrier's application for 
provisional operating authority will be denied.

                 IV. Evaluation of Regulatory Compliance

    (a) During the safety audit, the FMCSA gathers information by 
reviewing a motor carrier's compliance with ``acute'' and ``critical'' 
regulations of the FMCSRs and HMRs.
    (b) Acute regulations are those where noncompliance is so severe as 
to require immediate corrective actions by a motor carrier regardless of 
the overall basic safety management controls of the motor carrier.
    (c) Critical regulations are those where noncompliance relates to 
management and/or operational controls. These are indicative of 
breakdowns in a carrier's management controls.
    (d) The list of the acute and critical regulations, which are used 
in determining if a carrier has basic safety management controls in 
place, is included in Appendix B, VII. List of Acute and Critical 
Regulations to part 385 of this subchapter.
    (e) Noncompliance with acute and critical regulations are indicators 
of inadequate safety management controls and usually higher than average 
accident rates.
    (f) Parts of the FMCSRs and the HMRs having similar characteristics 
are combined together into six regulatory areas called ``factors.'' The 
regulatory factors, evaluated on the adequacy of the carrier's safety 
management controls, are:
    (1) Factor 1--General: Parts 387 and 390;
    (2) Factor 2--Driver: Parts 382, 383 and 391;
    (3) Factor 3--Operational: Parts 392 and 395;
    (4) Factor 4--Vehicle: Part 393, 396 and inspection data for the 
last 12 months;
    (5) Factor 5--Hazardous Materials: Parts 171, 177, 180 and 397; and
    (6) Factor 6--Accident: Recordable Accident Rate per Million Miles.
    (g) For each instance of noncompliance with an acute regulation, 1.5 
points will be assessed.
    (h) For each instance of noncompliance with a critical regulation, 1 
point will be assessed.
    (i) Vehicle Factor. (1) When at least three vehicle inspections are 
recorded in the Motor

[[Page 59]]

Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS) during the twelve months 
before the safety audit or performed at the time of the review, the 
Vehicle Factor (part 396) will be evaluated on the basis of the Out-of-
Service (OOS) rates and noncompliance with acute and critical 
regulations. The results of the review of the OOS rate will affect the 
Vehicle Factor as follows:
    (i) If the motor carrier has had at least three roadside inspections 
in the twelve months before the safety audit, and the vehicle OOS rate 
is 34 percent or higher, one point will be assessed against the carrier. 
That point will be added to any other points assessed for discovered 
noncompliance with acute and critical regulations of part 396 to 
determine the carrier's level of safety management control for that 
factor.
    (ii) If the motor carrier's vehicle OOS rate is less than 34 
percent, or if there are less than three inspections, the determination 
of the carrier's level of safety management controls will only be based 
on discovered noncompliance with the acute and critical regulations of 
part 396.
    (2) Over two million inspections occur on the roadside each year in 
the United States. This vehicle inspection information is retained in 
the MCMIS and is integral to evaluating motor carriers' ability to 
successfully maintain their vehicles, thus preventing them from being 
placed OOS during roadside inspections. Each safety audit will continue 
to have the requirements of part 396, Inspection, Repair, and 
Maintenance, reviewed as indicated by the above explanation.
    (j) Accident Factor. (1) In addition to the five regulatory factors, 
a sixth factor is included in the process to address the accident 
history of the motor carrier. This factor is the recordable accident 
rate, which the carrier has experienced during the past 12 months. 
Recordable accident, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5, means an accident 
involving a commercial motor vehicle operating on a public road in 
interstate or intrastate commerce which results in a fatality; a bodily 
injury to a person who, as a result of the injury, immediately receives 
medical treatment away from the scene of the accident; or one or more 
motor vehicles incurring disabling damage as a result of the accident 
requiring the motor vehicle to be transported away from the scene by a 
tow truck or other motor vehicle.
    (2) Experience has shown that urban carriers, those motor carriers 
operating entirely within a radius of less than 100 air miles (normally 
urban areas), have a higher exposure to accident situations because of 
their environment and normally have higher accident rates.
    (3) The recordable accident rate will be used in determining the 
carrier's basic safety management controls in Factor 6, Accident. It 
will be used only when a carrier incurs two or more recordable accidents 
within the 12 months before the safety audit. An urban carrier (a 
carrier operating entirely within a radius of 100 air miles) with a 
recordable rate per million miles greater than 1.7 will be deemed to 
have inadequate basic safety management controls for the accident 
factor. All other carriers with a recordable accident rate per million 
miles greater than 1.5 will be deemed to have inadequate basic safety 
management controls for the accident factor. The rates are the result of 
roughly doubling the United States national average accident rate in 
Fiscal Years 1994, 1995, and 1996.
    (4) The FMCSA will continue to consider preventability when a new 
entrant contests the evaluation of the accident factor by presenting 
compelling evidence that the recordable rate is not a fair means of 
evaluating its accident factor. Preventability will be determined 
according to the following standard: ``If a driver, who exercises normal 
judgment and foresight, could have foreseen the possibility of the 
accident that in fact occurred, and avoided it by taking steps within 
his/her control which would not have risked causing another kind of 
mishap, the accident was preventable.''
    (k) Factor Ratings. (1) The following table shows the five 
regulatory factors, parts of the FMCSRs and HMRs associated with each 
factor, and the accident factor. Each carrier's level of basic safety 
management controls with each factor is determined as follows:
    (i) Factor 1--General: Parts 390 and 387;
    (ii) Factor 2--Driver: Parts 382, 383, and 391;
    (iii) Factor 3--Operational: Parts 392 and 395;
    (iv) Factor 4--Vehicle: Parts 393, 396 and the Out of Service Rate;
    (v) Factor 5--Hazardous Materials: Part 171, 177, 180 and 397; and
    (vi) Factor 6--Accident: Recordable Accident Rate per Million Miles;
    (2) For paragraphs IV (k)(1)(i) through (v) (Factors 1 through 5), 
if the combined violations of acute and or critical regulations for each 
factor is equal to three or more points, the carrier is determined not 
to have basic safety management controls for that individual factor.
    (3) For paragraphs IV (k)(1)(vi), if the recordable accident rate is 
greater than 1.7 recordable accidents per million miles for an urban 
carrier (1.5 for all other carriers), the carrier is determined to have 
inadequate basic safety management controls.
    (l) Notwithstanding FMCSA verification of the items listed in part 
III (a)(1) through (5) above, if the safety audit determines the carrier 
has inadequate basic safety management controls in at least three 
separate factors described in part IV, the carrier's application for 
provisional operating authority will be

[[Page 60]]

denied. For example, FMCSA evaluates a carrier finding:
    (1) One instance of noncompliance with a critical regulation in part 
387 scoring one point for Factor 1;
    (2) Two instances of noncompliance with acute regulations in part 
382 scoring three points for Factor 2;
    (3) Three instances of noncompliance with critical regulations in 
part 396 scoring three points for Factor 4; and
    (4) Three instances of noncompliance with acute regulations in parts 
171 and 397 scoring four and one-half (4.5) points for Factor 5.
    Under this example, the carrier will not receive provisional 
operating authority because it scored three or more points for Factors 
2, 4, and 5 and FMCSA determined the carrier had inadequate basic safety 
management controls in at least three separate factors.

[67 FR 12714, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended at 78 FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]





    Sec. Appendix A to Part 365--Applicability of the Registration, 
 Financial Responsibility, and Safety Regulations to Motor Carriers of 
                               Passengers

    For additional guidance on the application of financial 
responsibility regulations to motor carriers of passengers, refer to 
appendix A to part 390 of this subchapter.

[87 FR 68371, Nov. 15, 2022]



PART 366_DESIGNATION OF PROCESS AGENT--Table of Contents



Sec.
366.1 Applicability.
366.1T Applicability.
366.2 Form of designation.
366.2T Form of designation.
366.3 Eligible persons.
366.3T Eligible persons.
366.4 Required States.
366.4T Required States.
366.5 Blanket designations.
366.5T Blanket designations.
366.6 Cancellation or change.
366.6T Cancellation or change.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 502, 503, 13303, 13304 and 13908; and 49 CFR 
1.87.

    Source: 55 FR 11197, Mar. 27, 1990, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  366.1  Applicability.

    The rules in this part, relating to the filing of designations of 
persons upon whom court or Agency process may be served, apply to for-
hire and private motor carriers, brokers, freight forwarders and, as of 
the moment of succession, their fiduciaries (as defined at 49 CFR 
387.319(a)).

[80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  366.1 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  366.1T  Applicability.

    These rules, relating to the filing of designations of persons upon 
whom court process may be served, govern motor carriers and brokers and, 
as of the moment of succession, their fiduciaries (as defined at 49 CFR 
387.319(a)).

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  366.2  Form of designation.

    (a) Designations shall be made on Form BOC-3--Designation of 
Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders. Only one 
completed current form may be on file. It must include all States for 
which agent designations are required. One copy must be retained by the 
carrier, broker or freight forwarder at its principal place of business.
    (b) All Motor Carriers, Brokers, and Freight Forwarders that are 
registered with FMCSA on September 30, 2016 must file their Form BOC-3 
designation by no later than April 14, 2017. All other Motor Carriers, 
Brokers, and Freight Forwarders must file the FORM BOC-3 designation at 
the time of their application for registration. Failure to file a 
designation in accordance with this paragraph will result in 
deactivation of the carrier's USDOT Number.

[80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015; 81 FR 49554, July 28, 2016]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  366.2 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  366.2T  Form of designation.

    Designations shall be made on Form BOC-3, Designation of Agent for 
Service of Process. Only one completed current form may be on file. It 
must include all States for which agent designations are required. One 
copy must be retained by

[[Page 61]]

the carrier or broker at its principal place of business.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  366.3  Eligible persons.

    All persons (as defined at 49 U.S.C. 13102(18)) designated as 
process agents must reside in or maintain an office in the State for 
which they are designated. If a State official is designated, evidence 
of his or her willingness to accept service of process must be 
furnished.

[80 FR 63705, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  366.3 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  366.3T  Eligible persons.

    All persons (as defined at 49 U.S.C. 13102(18)) designated as 
process agents must reside in or maintain an office in the State for 
which they are designated. If a State official is designated, evidence 
of his or her willingness to accept service of process must be 
furnished.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  366.4  Required States.

    (a) Every motor carrier, except a motor carrier operating 
exclusively in Alaska or Hawaii, must designate process agents for all 
48 contiguous States and the District of Columbia, unless its operating 
authority registration is limited to fewer than 48 States and DC. When a 
motor carrier's operating authority registration is limited to fewer 
than 48 States and DC, it must designate process agents for each State 
in which it is authorized to operate and for each State traversed during 
such operations. Every motor carrier operating in the United States in 
the course of transportation between points in a foreign country shall 
file a designation for each State traversed. Every motor carrier 
maintaining a principal place of business and operating exclusively in 
Alaska or Hawaii must designate a process agent for the State where 
operations are conducted.
    (b) Brokers. Every broker shall make a designation for each State, 
including DC, in which its offices are located or in which contracts 
will be written.
    (c) Freight forwarders. Every freight forwarder shall make a 
designation for each State, including DC, in which its offices are 
located or in which contracts will be written.

[80 FR 63706, Oct. 21, 2015; 81 FR 49554, July 28, 2016]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  366.4 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  366.4T  Required States.

    (a) Motor carriers. Every motor carrier (of property or passengers) 
shall make a designation for each State in which it is authorized to 
operate and for each State traversed during such operations. Every motor 
carrier (including private carriers) operating in the United States in 
the course of transportation between points in a foreign country shall 
file a designation for each State traversed.
    (b) Brokers. Every broker shall make a designation for each State in 
which its offices are located or in which contracts will be written.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  366.5  Blanket designations.

    Where an association or corporation has filed with the FMCSA a list 
of process agents for each State and DC (blanket agent), motor carriers, 
brokers and freight forwarders may make the required designations by 
using the following statement:
    I designate those persons named in the list of process agents on 
file with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

by______________________________________________________________________


(name of association or corporation)

and any subsequently filed revisions thereof, for the States in which 
this carrier is or may be authorized to operate (or arrange) as an 
entity of motor vehicle transportation, including States traversed 
during such operations, except those States for which individual 
designations are named.

[80 FR 63706, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  366.5 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.

[[Page 62]]



Sec.  366.5T  Blanket designations.

    Where an association or corporation has filed with the FMCSA a list 
of process agents for each State, motor carriers may make the required 
designations by using the following statement:
    Those persons named in the list of process agents on file with the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration by ________ (Name of 
association or corporation) and any subsequently filed revisions 
thereof, for the States in which this carrier is or may be authorized to 
operate, including States traversed during such operations, except those 
States for which individual designations are named.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  366.6  Cancellation or change.

    (a) A designation may be canceled or changed only by a new 
designation made by the motor carrier, broker, or freight forwarder, or 
by the process agent or company filing a blanket designation in 
accordance with Sec.  366.5. However, where a motor carrier, broker or 
freight forwarder's USDOT Number is inactive for at least 1 year, 
designation is no longer required and may be canceled without making 
another designation.
    (b) A change to a designation, such as name, address, or contact 
information, must be reported to FMCSA within 30 days of the change.
    (c) Whenever a motor carrier, broker or freight forwarder changes it 
name, address, or contact information, it must report the change to its 
process agents and/or the company making a blanket designation on its 
behalf in accordance with Sec.  366.5 within 30 days of the change.
    (d) Whenever a process agent and/or company making a blanket 
designation on behalf of a motor carrier, broker, or freight forwarder 
terminates its contract or relationship with the entity, it should 
report the termination to FMCSA within 30 days of the termination. If 
process agents and/or blanket agents do not keep their information up to 
date, FMCSA may withdraw its approval of their authority to make process 
agent designations with the Agency.

[80 FR 63706, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  366.6 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  366.6T  Cancellation or change.

    A designation may be canceled or changed only by a new designation 
except that, where a carrier or broker ceases to be subject to Sec.  
366.4T in whole or in part for 1 year, designation is no longer required 
and may be canceled without making another designation.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



PART 367_STANDARDS FOR REGISTRATION WITH STATES--Table of Contents



Sec.
367.20 Fees under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement 
          for registration years beginning in 2020 and ending in 2022.
367.30 Fees under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement 
          for Registration Year 2023.
367.40 Fees under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement 
          for Registration Years beginning in 2024 and each subsequent 
          registration year thereafter.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301, 14504a; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 87 FR 53694, Sept. 1, 2022, unless otherwise noted.

[[Page 63]]



Sec.  367.20  Fees under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement for registration years beginning in 2020 and ending in 2022.

 Table 1 to Sec.   367.20--Fees Under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement for Registration Years
                                      Beginning in 2020 and Ending in 2022
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Number of commercial motor
                                            vehicles owned or operated    Fee per entity for
                                             by exempt or non-exempt     exempt or non-exempt    Fee per entity
                 Bracket                       motor carrier, motor      motor carrier, motor    for broker or
                                           private carrier, or freight   private carrier, or    leasing company
                                                    forwarder             freight forwarder
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B1.......................................  0-2........................                    $59                $59
B2.......................................  3-5........................                    176
B3.......................................  6-20.......................                    351
B4.......................................  21-100.....................                  1,224
B5.......................................  101-1,000..................                  5,835
B6.......................................  1,001 and above............                 56,977
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec.  367.30  Fees under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement for Registration Year 2023.

 Table 1 to Sec.   367.30--Fees Under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement for Registration Year
                                                      2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              Fee per entity
                                               Number of commercial motor   for exempt or non-
                                             vehicles owned or operated by     exempt motor      Fee per entity
                  Bracket                      exempt or non-exempt motor     carrier, motor     for broker or
                                                 carrier, motor private      private carrier,   leasing company
                                             carrier, or freight forwarder     or  freight
                                                                                forwarder
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B1.........................................  0-2..........................                $41                $41
B2.........................................  3-5..........................                121
B3.........................................  6-20.........................                242
B4.........................................  21-100.......................                844
B5.........................................  101-1,000....................              4,024
B6.........................................  1,001 and above..............             39,289  .................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[88 FR 40723, June 22, 2023]



Sec.  367.40  Fees under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement for Registration Years beginning in 2024 and each subsequent registration year 
          thereafter.

 Table 1 to Sec.   367.40--Fees Under the Unified Carrier Registration Plan and Agreement for Registration Years
                       Beginning in 2024 and Each Subsequent Registration Year Thereafter
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              Fee per entity
                                               Number of commercial motor   for exempt or non-
                                             vehicles owned or operated by     exempt motor      Fee per entity
                  Bracket                      exempt or non-exempt motor     carrier, motor     for broker or
                                                 carrier, motor private      private carrier,   leasing company
                                             carrier, or freight forwarder      or freight
                                                                                forwarder
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B1.........................................  0-2..........................                $37                $37
B2.........................................  3-5..........................                111
B3.........................................  6-20.........................                221
B4.........................................  21-100.......................                769
B5.........................................  101-1,000....................              3,670
B6.........................................  1,001 and above..............             35,836  .................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[88 FR 40723, June 22, 2023]

[[Page 64]]



  PART 368_APPLICATION FOR A CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION TO OPERATE IN
  MUNICIPALITIES IN THE UNITED STATES ON THE UNITED STATES-MEXICO 
  INTERNATIONAL BORDER OR WITHIN THE COMMERCIAL ZONES OF SUCH MUNICIPALITIES.-
  -Table of Contents



Sec.
368.1 Certificate of registration.
368.2 Definitions.
368.3 Applying for a certificate of registration.
368.3-1T Starting the application process: URS online application.
368.3T Applying for a certificate of registration.
368.4 Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.
368.4T Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.
368.5 Re-registration of certain carriers holding certificates of 
          registration.
368.6 FMCSA action on an application.
368.7 Requirement to carry certificate of registration in the vehicle.
368.8 Appeals.
368.8T Appeals.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301, 13902, 13908; Pub. L. 106-159, 113 Stat. 
1748; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 67 FR 12660, Mar. 19, 2002, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  368.1  Certificate of registration.

    (a) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier must apply to the FMCSA and 
receive a Certificate of Registration to provide interstate 
transportation in municipalities in the United States on the United 
States-Mexico international border or within the commercial zones of 
such municipalities as defined in 49 U.S.C. 13902(c)(4)(A).
    (b) A certificate of registration permits only interstate 
transportation of property in municipalities in the United States on the 
United States-Mexico international border or within the commercial zones 
of such municipalities. A holder of a Certificate of Registration who 
operates a vehicle beyond this area is subject to applicable penalties 
and out-of-service orders.



Sec.  368.2  Definitions.

    Interstate transportation means transportation described at 49 
U.S.C. 13501, and transportation in the United States otherwise exempt 
from the Secretary's jurisdiction under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1).
    Mexico-domiciled motor carrier means a motor carrier of property 
whose principal place of business is located in Mexico.



Sec.  368.3  Applying for a certificate of registration.

    (a) If you wish to obtain a certificate of registration under this 
part, you must electronically file an application that includes the 
following:
    (1) Form MCSA-1--URS online application.
    (2) Form BOC-3--Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and 
Freight Forwarders or indicate on the application that the applicant 
will use a process agent service that will submit the Form BOC-3 
electronically.
    (b) The FMCSA will only process your application for a Certificate 
of Registration if it meets the following conditions:
    (1) The application must be completed in English;
    (2) The information supplied must be accurate and complete in 
accordance with the instructions to Form MCSA-1, the URS online 
application, and Form BOC-3.
    (3) The application must include all the required supporting 
documents and applicable certifications set forth in the instructions to 
Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, and Form BOC-3.
    (c) If you fail to furnish the complete application as described 
under paragraph (b) of this section your application may be rejected.
    (d) If you submit false information under this section, you will be 
subject to applicable Federal penalties.
    (e) [Reserved]
    (f) Form MCSA-1 is the URS online application and is available, 
including complete instructions, from the FMCSA Web site at http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.

[67 FR 12660, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended by 78 FR 52648, Aug. 23, 2013; 
80 FR 63706, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5297, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  368.3 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.

[[Page 65]]



Sec.  368.3-1T  Starting the application process: URS online application.

    (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, new applicants 
as defined in paragraph (b) of this section must apply for a USDOT 
number and operating authority by electronically filing Form MCSA-1, the 
URS online application (available at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs) to 
request authority pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 13902 to provide interstate 
transportation in municipalities in the United States on the United 
States-Mexico international border or within the commercial zones of 
such municipalities as defined in 49 U.S.C. 13902(c)(4)(A).
    (b) For purposes of this section, a ``new applicant'' is an citizen 
of Mexico or a motor carrier owned or controlled by a citizen of Mexico, 
applying for a USDOT number and operating authority who does not at the 
time of application have an active registration or USDOT, Motor Carrier 
(MC), Mexico owned or controlled (MX) or Freight Forwarder (FF) number, 
and who has never had an active registration or USDOT, MC, MX, or FF 
number.
    (c) Form MCSA-1, is the URS online application, and both the 
application and its instructions are available from the FMCSA Web site 
at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  368.3T  Applying for a certificate of registration.

    (a) If you wish to obtain a certificate of registration under this 
part, you must submit an application that includes the following:
    (1) Form OP-2--Application for Mexican Certificate of Registration 
for Foreign Motor Carriers and Foreign Motor Private Carriers Under 49 
U.S.C. 13902;
    (2) Form MCS-150--Motor Carrier Identification Report; and
    (3) A notification of the means used to designate process agents, 
either by submission in the application package of Form BOC-3--
Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders or 
a letter stating that the applicant will use a process agent service 
that will submit the Form BOC-3 electronically.
    (b) The FMCSA will only process your application for a Certificate 
of Registration if it meets the following conditions:
    (1) The application must be completed in English;
    (2) The information supplied must be accurate and complete in 
accordance with the instructions to the Form OP-2, Form MCS-150 and Form 
BOC-3;
    (3) The application must include all the required supporting 
documents and applicable certifications set forth in the instructions to 
the Form OP-2, Form MCS-150 and Form BOC-3;
    (4) The application must include the filing fee payable to the FMCSA 
in the amount set forth in 49 CFR 360.3T(f)(1); and
    (5) The application must be signed by the applicant.
    (c) If you fail to furnish the complete application as described 
under paragraph (b) of this section your application may be rejected.
    (d) If you submit false information under this section, you will be 
subject to applicable Federal penalties.
    (e) You must submit the application to the address provided in the 
instructions to the Form OP-2.
    (f) You may obtain the application described in paragraph (a) of 
this section from any FMCSA Division Office or download it from the 
FMCSA Web site at: http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/factsfigs/formspubs.htm.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  368.4  Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant 
information.

    (a) You must notify FMCSA of any changes or corrections to the 
information in Section A of Form MCSA-1--FMCSA Registration/Update 
(USDOT Number--Operating Authority Application), or the Form BOC-3, 
Designation of Agents-Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders, 
during the application process or while you have a Certificate of 
Registration. You must notify FMCSA in writing within 30 days of the 
change or correction.
    (b) If you fail to comply with paragraph (a) of this section, the 
FMCSA may suspend or revoke the Certificate

[[Page 66]]

of Registration until you meet those requirements.

[67 FR 12660, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended by 80 FR 63707, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  368.4 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  368.4T  Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant
information.

    (a) You must notify the FMCSA of any changes or corrections to the 
information in Parts I, IA or II submitted on the Form OP-2 or the Form 
BOC-3--Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight 
Forwarders during the application process or while you have a 
Certificate of Registration. You must notify the FMCSA in writing within 
45 days of the change or correction.
    (b) If you fail to comply with paragraph (a) of this section, the 
FMCSA may suspend or revoke the Certificate of Registration until you 
meet those requirements.

[82 FR 5303, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  368.5  Re-registration of certain carriers holding certificates
of registration.

    (a) Each holder of a certificate of registration that permits 
operations only in municipalities in the United States along the United 
States-Mexico international border or in commercial zones of such 
municipalities issued before April 18, 2002, who wishes to continue 
solely in those operations must submit an application according to 
procedures established under Sec.  368.3 of this part, except the filing 
fee in paragraph (b)(4) of that section is waived. You must file your 
application by October 20, 2003.
    (b) The FMCSA may suspend or revoke the certificate of registration 
of any registrant that fails to comply with the procedures set forth in 
this section.
    (c) Certificates of registration issued before April 18, 2002, 
remain valid until the FMCSA acts on the OP-2 application filed 
according to paragraph (a) of this section.



Sec.  368.6  FMCSA action on the application.

    (a) The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration will review the 
application for correctness, completeness, and adequacy of information. 
Non-material errors will be corrected without notice to the applicant. 
Incomplete applications may be rejected.
    (b) If the applicant does not require or is not eligible for a 
Certificate of Registration, the FMCSA will deny the application and 
notify the applicant.
    (c) The FMCSA will validate the accuracy of information and 
certifications provided in the application against data maintained in 
databases of the governments of Mexico and the United States.
    (d) If the FMCSA determines that the application and certifications 
demonstrate that the application is consistent with the FMCSA's safety 
fitness policy, it will issue a provisional Certificate of Registration, 
including a distinctive USDOT Number that identifies the motor carrier 
as permitted to provide interstate transportation of property solely in 
municipalities in the United States on the U.S.-Mexico international 
border or within the commercial zones of such municipalities.
    (e) The FMCSA may issue a permanent Certificate of Registration to 
the holder of a provisional Certificate of Registration no earlier than 
18 months after the date of issuance of the Certificate and only after 
completion to the satisfaction of the FMCSA of the safety monitoring 
system for Mexico-domiciled carriers set out in subpart B of part 385 of 
this subchapter.
    (f) Notice of the authority sought will not be published in either 
the Federal Register or the FMCSA Register. Protests or comments will 
not be allowed. There will be no oral hearings.



Sec.  368.7  Requirement to carry certificate of registration in 
the vehicle.

    A holder of a Certificate of Registration must maintain a copy of 
the Certificate of Registration in any vehicle providing transportation 
service within the scope of the Certificate, and make it available upon 
request to any State or Federal authorized inspector or enforcement 
officer.

[[Page 67]]



Sec.  368.8  Appeals.

    An applicant has the right to appeal denial of the application. The 
appeal must be in writing and specify in detail why the Agency's 
decision to deny the application was wrong. The appeal must be filed 
with FMCSA, ATTN: Sec.  368.8 Appeal, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, 
Washington, DC 20590, within 20 days of the date of the letter denying 
the application.

[80 FR 63707, Oct. 21, 2015, as amended at 86 FR 57068, Oct. 14, 2021]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  368.8 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 86 FR 57068, Oct. 14, 2021, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  368.8. In that 
same document, Sec.  368.8 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  368.8T  Appeals.

    An applicant has the right to appeal denial of the application. The 
appeal must be in writing and specify in detail why the agency's 
decision to deny the application was wrong. The appeal must be filed 
with FMCSA, ATTN: Sec.  368.8 Appeal, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, 
Washington, DC 20590, within 20 days of the date of the letter denying 
the application. The decision will be the final agency order.

[82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 86 FR 57068, Oct. 14, 2021]



PART 369_REPORTS OF MOTOR CARRIERS--Table of Contents



Sec.
369.1 Annual reports of for-hire, non-exempt motor carriers of property, 
          motor carriers of household goods, and dual property carriers.
369.2 Classification of carriers--for-hire, non-exempt motor carriers of 
          property, household goods carriers, and dual property 
          carriers.
369.3 Classification of carriers--for-hire, non-exempt motor carriers of 
          passengers.
369.4 Annual and quarterly reports of Class I carriers of passengers.
369.5 Records.
369.6 Address.
369.8 Requests for exemptions from filing.
369.9 Requests for exemptions from public release.
369.10 Public release of motor carrier of property data.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 14123; 49 CFR 1.87.



Sec.  369.1  Annual reports of for-hire, non-exempt motor carriers of
property, motor carriers of household goods, and dual property carriers.

    (a) Annual Report Form M. All class I and class II for-hire, non-
exempt motor carriers of property, including household goods and dual 
property motor carriers, must file Motor Carrier Annual Report Form M 
(Form M). Carriers must file the annual report on or before March 31 of 
the year following the year to which it relates. For classification 
criteria, see Sec.  369.2.
    (b) Where to file report. Carriers must file the annual report with 
the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration at the address in Sec.  
369.6. You can obtain blank copies of the report form from the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration Web site http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/
forms/reporting/mcs_info.htmfos.

[64 FR 13921, Mar. 23, 1999. Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, Aug. 10, 2006, 
and amended at 71 FR 45743, Aug. 10, 2006; 78 FR 76245, Dec. 17, 2013; 
81 FR 68344, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  369.2  Classification of carriers--for-hire, non-exempt motor carriers 
of property, household goods carriers, and dual property carriers.

    (a) For-hire, non-exempt motor carriers of property are grouped into 
the following three classes:
    Class I. Carriers having annual carrier operating revenues 
(including interstate and intrastate) of $10 million or more after 
applying the revenue deflator formula in Note A.
    Class II. Carriers having annual carrier operating revenues 
(including interstate and intrastate) of at least $3 million but less 
than $10 million after applying the revenue deflator formula in Note A.
    Class III. Carriers having annual carrier operating revenues 
(including interstate and intrastate) of less than $3 million after 
applying the revenue deflator formula in Note A.
    (b)(1) The class to which any carrier belongs shall be determined by 
annual carrier operating revenues (excluding revenues from private 
carriage, compensated intercorporate hauling, and leasing vehicles with 
drivers to private carriers) after applying the revenue deflator formula 
in Note A. Upward

[[Page 68]]

and downward classification will be effective as of January 1 of the 
year immediately following the third consecutive year of revenue 
qualification.
    (2) Any carrier which begins new operations by obtaining operating 
authority not previously held or extends its existing authority by 
obtaining additional operating rights shall be classified in accordance 
with a reasonable estimate of its annual carrier operating revenues 
after applying the revenue deflator formula shown in Note A.
    (3) When a business combination occurs such as a merger, 
reorganization, or consolidation, the surviving carrier shall be 
reclassified effective as of January 1 of the next calendar year on the 
basis of the combined revenues for the year when the combination 
occurred after applying the revenue deflator formula shown in Note A.
    (4) Carriers must notify the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration (FMCSA) of any change in classification or any change in 
annual operating revenues that would cause a change in classification. 
The carrier may request a waiver or an exception from these regulations 
in unusual or extenuating circumstances, where the classification 
process will unduly burden the carrier, such as partial liquidation or 
curtailment or elimination of contracted services. The request must be 
in writing, specifying the conditions justifying the waiver or 
exception. FMCSA will notify the carriers of any change in 
classification.
    (5) Carriers not required to file an Annual Report Form M may be 
required to file the Worksheet for Calculating Carrier Classification. 
All carriers will be notified of any classification changes.

    Note to Sec.  369.2: Each carrier's operating revenues will be 
deflated annually using the Producer Price Index (PPI) of Finished Goods 
before comparing those revenues with the dollar revenue limits 
prescribed in paragraph (a) of this section. The PPI is published 
monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The formula to be applied is 
as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.051


[52 FR 10383, Apr. 1, 1987, as amended at 59 FR 5111, Feb. 3, 1994; 59 
FR 49848, Sept. 30, 1994. Redesignated at 63 FR 52193, Sept. 30, 1998, 
and amended at 64 FR 13921, 13922, Mar. 23, 1999; 68 FR 4719, Jan. 30, 
2003. Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, Aug. 10, 2006, and amended at 71 FR 
45743, Aug. 10, 2006; 78 FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 
2016]



Sec.  369.3  Classification of carriers--for-hire, non-exempt motor 
carriers of passengers.

    (a) For-hire, non-exempt motor carriers of passengers are grouped 
into the following two classes:
    Class I--Carriers having average annual gross transportation 
operating revenues (including interstate and intrastate) of $5 million 
or more from passenger motor carrier operations after applying the 
revenue deflator formula as shown in the Note.
    Class II--Carriers having average annual gross transportation 
operating revenues (including interstate or intrastate) of less than $5 
million from passenger motor carrier operations after applying the 
revenue deflator formula as shown in the Note.
    (b)(1) The class to which any carrier belongs shall be determined by 
annual carrier operating revenues after applying the revenue deflator 
formula as shown in the Note. Upward and downward reclassification will 
be effective as of January 1 of the year immediately following the third 
consecutive year of revenue qualification.
    (2) Any carrier which begins new operations (obtains operating 
authority not previously held) or extends its existing authority 
(obtains additional operating rights) shall be classified in accordance 
with a reasonable estimate of its annual carrier operating revenues 
after applying the revenue deflator formula shown in the Note.
    (3) When a business combination occurs, such as a merger, 
reorganization,

[[Page 69]]

or consolidation, the surviving carrier shall be reclassified effective 
as of January 1 of the next calendar year on the basis of the combined 
revenues for the year when the combination occurred after applying the 
revenue deflator formula shown in the Note.
    (4) Carriers shall notify the FMCSA of any change in classification 
or when their annual operating revenues exceed the Class II limit by 
writing to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration at the 
address in Sec.  369.6. In unusual circumstances where the 
classification regulations and reporting requirements will unduly burden 
the carrier, the carrier may request from the FMCSA a waiver from these 
regulations. This request shall be in writing specifying the conditions 
justifying the waiver. The FMCSA then shall notify carriers of any 
change in classification or reporting requirements.
    (c) For classification purposes, the FMCSA shall publish in the 
Federal Register annually an index number which shall be used for 
adjusting gross annual operating revenues. The index number (deflator) 
is based on the Producer Price Index of Finished Goods and is used to 
eliminate the effects of inflation from the classification process.

    Note to Sec.  369.3: Each carrier's operating revenues will be 
deflated annually using the Producer Price Index (PPI) of Finished Goods 
before comparing them with the dollar revenue limits prescribed in 
paragraph (a) of this section. The PPI is published monthly by the 
Bureau of Labor Statistics. The formula to be applied is as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.052


[53 FR 4029, Feb. 11, 1988. Redesignated at 63 FR 52193, Sept. 30, 1998, 
and amended at 68 FR 4719, Jan. 30, 2003. Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, 
Aug. 10, 2006, and amended at 71 FR 45743, Aug. 10, 2006; 78 FR 58478, 
Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  369.4  Annual reports of Class I carriers of passengers.

    (a) All Class I motor carriers of passengers shall complete and file 
Motor Carrier Annual Report Form MP-1 for Motor Carriers of Passengers 
(Form MP-1).
    (b) Accounting period. (1) Motor Carrier Annual Report Form MP-1 
shall be used to file annual selected motor carrier data.
    (2) The annual accounting period shall be based either:
    (i) On the 31st day of December in each year, or
    (ii) An accounting year of 13 4-week periods ending at the close of 
the last 7 days of each calendar year.
    (3) A carrier electing to adopt an accounting year of 13 4-week 
periods shall file with the FMCSA a statement showing the day on which 
its accounting year will close. A subsequent change in the accounting 
period may not be made except by authority of the FMCSA.
    (c) The annual report shall be filed on or before March 31 of the 
year following the year to which it relates. The annual report shall be 
filed with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration at the 
address in Sec.  369.6. Copies of Form MP-1 may be obtained from the 
FMCSA.

[78 FR 76245, Dec. 17, 2013]



Sec.  369.5  Records.

    Books, records and carrier operating documents shall be retained as 
prescribed in 49 CFR part 379, Preservation of Records.

[52 FR 10383, Apr. 1, 1987. Redesignated at 63 FR 52193, Sept. 30, 1998. 
Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, Aug. 10, 2006, and amended at 71 FR 45743, 
Aug. 10, 2006]



Sec.  369.6  Address.

    The following address must be used by motor carriers when submitting 
a report, requesting an exemption from filing a report, or requesting an 
exemption from public release of a report: Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS), 
1200 New

[[Page 70]]

Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. This address may also be 
used for general correspondence regarding the data collection program 
described in this section.

[64 FR 13923, Mar. 23, 1999, as amended at 68 FR 4719, Jan. 30, 2003. 
Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, Aug. 10, 2006, and amended at 71 FR 45743, 
Aug. 10, 2006; 72 FR 55699, Oct. 1, 2007; 79 FR 59455, Oct. 2, 2014]



Sec.  369.8  Requests for exemptions from filing.

    (a) General. This section governs requests for exemptions from 
filing of the report required under Sec.  369.1.
    (b) Criteria. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
(FMCSA) may grant a request upon a proper showing that the exemption is 
necessary to preserve confidential business information that is not 
otherwise publicly available. Information is considered to be 
confidential when:
    (1) Disclosure of the information in the carrier's report would be 
likely to cause substantial harm to the carrier's competitive position; 
or
    (2) Disclosure of information in the report would be likely to 
impair protectable government interests.
    (c) Contents of a request. The contents of a request for an 
exemption from filing must contain, at a minimum, the contents that are 
required for a request for an exemption from public release contained in 
Sec.  369.9(c). A carrier's request may include any other grounds as to 
why the request should be granted.
    (d) When requests are due. The timing of a request for an exemption 
from filing is the same as the timing for a request for an exemption 
from public release contained in Sec.  369.9(d). For Annual Form M, both 
the report and the request are due by March 31 of the year following the 
year to which it relates.
    (e) Decision to grant or deny a request. (1) A request will be 
denied if it fails to provide all of the supporting information required 
in paragraph (c) of this section or if the supporting information is 
insufficient to establish that information in the carrier's report meets 
the criteria in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (2) FMCSA will grant or deny each request within a reasonable period 
of time. FMCSA will notify the carrier of its decision. The decision by 
FMCSA shall be administratively final.
    (f) Pendency. While a request is pending, the carrier is required to 
submit any reports required under Sec.  369.1.
    (g) Period of exemptions. If a request for an exemption under this 
section is granted, the carrier will be exempt from the reporting 
requirements of Sec.  369.1 for a period of three reporting years.
    (h) Modification of a decision to grant a request. If a request is 
granted it remains in effect in accordance with its terms, unless 
modified by a later finding that the decision was clearly erroneous. If 
FMCSA believes such a finding should be made, FMCSA will notify the 
requesting carrier in writing of the reasons for the modification. The 
carrier may seek reconsideration of the modification.

[64 FR 13922, Mar. 23, 1999. Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, Aug. 10, 2006, 
and amended at 71 FR 45743, Aug. 10, 2006; 78 FR 76245, Dec. 17, 2013]



Sec.  369.9  Requests for exemptions from public release.

    (a) General. This section governs requests for exemptions from 
public release of the report required under Sec.  369.1.
    (b) Criteria. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
(FMCSA) will grant a request upon a proper showing that the carrier is 
not a publicly held corporation or that the carrier is not subject to 
financial reporting requirements of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission, and that the exemption is necessary to avoid competitive 
harm and to avoid the disclosure of information that qualifies as trade 
secret or privileged or confidential information under 5 U.S.C. 
552(b)(4). Information is considered to be confidential when:
    (1) Disclosure of the information in the carrier's report would be 
likely to cause substantial harm to the carrier's competitive position; 
or
    (2) Disclosure of information in the report would be likely to 
impair protectable government interests.
    (c) Contents of a request. A request for an exemption from public 
release must contain information supporting the

[[Page 71]]

claim. While the supporting information may contain opinions, the 
request must consist of objective data to the extent possible. General 
or nonspecific assertions or analysis will be insufficient to support a 
request if FMCSA is unable to find that the criteria are met. The 
supporting information must show:
    (1) That the information claimed to be confidential is a trade 
secret, or commercial or financial information that is privileged or 
confidential.
    (2) Measures taken by the carrier to ensure that the information has 
not been disclosed or otherwise made available to any person, company, 
or organization other then the carrier.
    (3) Insofar as is known by the carrier, the extent to which the 
information has been disclosed, or otherwise become available, to 
persons other than the carrier, and why such disclosure or availability 
does not compromise the confidential nature of the information.
    (4) If the carrier asserts that disclosure would be likely to result 
in substantial competitive harm, what the harmful effects of disclosure 
would be, why the effects should be viewed as substantial, and the 
causal relationship between the effects and disclosure.
    (5) If the carrier asserts that disclosure would be likely to impair 
protectable government interests, what the effects of disclosure are 
likely to be and why disclosure is likely to impair such interests.
    (d) When requests are due. (1) Requests for an exemption under this 
section may be made at any time during the year. However, a request will 
be deemed applicable to only those reports due on or after the date the 
request is received. Requests received after a report's due date will 
only be considered for the following year's report.
    (2) A request will be deemed received on the date the request is 
physically received or, if it is sent by mail, on the date it is 
postmarked.
    (3) FMCSA will only allow a late request if there are extenuating 
circumstances and the carrier gives adequate notice within a reasonable 
time of the extenuating circumstances.
    (e) Decision to grant or deny a request. (1) After each due date of 
each annual report specified in Sec.  369.1, FMCSA will publish a notice 
in the Federal Register requesting comments on any requests received 
under this section that are valid and pending.
    (2) A request will be granted only if it provides all of the 
supporting information required in paragraph (c) of this section and if 
the supporting information is sufficient to establish that information 
in the carrier's report meets the criteria in paragraph (b) of this 
section.
    (3) If the carrier fails to comply with the timing requirements of 
paragraph (d) of this section, the claim for confidentiality will be 
waived unless FMCSA is notified of extenuating circumstances before the 
information is disclosed to the public and FMCSA finds that the 
extenuating circumstances warrant consideration of the claim.
    (4) FMCSA will grant or deny each request no later than 90 days 
after the request's due date as defined in paragraph (d) of this 
section. The decision by FMCSA shall be administratively final. For 
Annual Form M, both the report and the request are due by March 31, and 
the decision is due by June 30.
    (5) If a request is granted, FMCSA will notify carrier of that 
decision and of any appropriate limitations.
    (6) If a request for confidentiality is denied, FMCSA will notify 
the carrier of that decision and that the information will be made 
available to the public not less than ten working days after the carrier 
has received notice of the denial. The notice will specify the reasons 
for denying the request.
    (f) Pendency. A request is deemed pending from the date it is 
received by FMCSA until it is granted or denied by FMCSA. FMCSA will not 
release publicly, unless otherwise required by law, any report for which 
a valid request for an exemption from public release is pending.
    (g) Period of exemptions. If a request for an exemption under this 
section is granted, FMCSA will not publicly release the reports covered 
by the granted exemption, unless otherwise required by law, for a period 
of three years from the report's due date.

[[Page 72]]

    (h) Modification of a decision to grant a request. If a request is 
granted it remains in effect in accordance with its terms, unless 
modified by a later finding that the decision was clearly erroneous. If 
FMCSA believes such a finding should be made, FMCSA will notify the 
requesting carrier in writing of the reasons for the modification and 
that the carrier's report will be made available to the public in not 
less than ten working days from the date of receipt of notice under this 
paragraph. The carrier may seek reconsideration of the modification.

[64 FR 13922, Mar. 23, 1999. Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, Aug. 10, 2006, 
and amended at 71 FR 45743, Aug. 10, 2006; 78 FR 76245, Dec. 17, 2013]



Sec.  369.10  Public release of motor carrier of property data.

    (a) In general. Unless otherwise provided in this section, the data 
contained in a report filed under Sec.  369.1 shall be made publicly 
available, but no sooner than the due date for the report.
    (b) Exceptions relating to exemptions from public release. (1) If a 
request for an exemption from public release is pending under Sec.  
369.9, FMCSA will not publicly release the reports covered by the 
request until at least the time that a decision to grant or deny the 
request is made.
    (2) If a carrier is granted an exemption from public release under 
Sec.  369.9, FMCSA will not publicly release the reports covered by the 
granted exemption for a period of three years from the report's due 
date.
    (c) Other exceptions. Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
part, information may be released:
    (1) If the data are included in aggregate industry statistics that 
do not identify the individual carrier;
    (2) To other components of the Department of Transportation for 
their internal use only;
    (3) If required by law;
    (4) With the consent of the carrier filing the report; or
    (5) To contractors, if necessary for the performance of a contract 
with FMCSA.

[64 FR 13923, Mar. 23, 1999, as amended at 68 FR 4719, Jan. 30, 2003. 
Redesignated at 71 FR 45742, Aug. 10, 2006, and amended at 71 FR 45743, 
Aug. 10, 2006]



PART 370_PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES FOR THE INVESTIGATION AND VOLUNTARY
DISPOSITION OF LOSS AND DAMAGE CLAIMS AND PROCESSING SALVAGE-
-Table of Contents



Sec.
370.1 Applicability of regulations.
370.3 Filing of claims.
370.5 Acknowledgment of claims.
370.7 Investigation of claims.
370.9 Disposition of claims.
370.11 Processing of salvage.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301 and 14706; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 62 FR 32042, June 12, 1997, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  370.1  Applicability of regulations.

    The regulations set forth in this part shall govern the processing 
of claims for loss, damage, injury, or delay to property transported or 
accepted for transportation, in interstate or foreign commerce, by each 
motor carrier, water carrier, and freight forwarder (hereinafter called 
carrier), subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B.



Sec.  370.3  Filing of claims.

    (a) Compliance with regulations. A claim for loss or damage to 
baggage or for loss, damage, injury, or delay to cargo, shall not be 
voluntarily paid by a carrier unless filed, as provided in paragraph (b) 
of this section, with the receiving or delivering carrier, or carrier 
issuing the bill of lading, receipt, ticket, or baggage check, or 
carrier on whose line the alleged loss, damage, injury, or delay 
occurred, within the specified time limits applicable thereto and as 
otherwise may be required by law, the terms of the bill of lading or 
other contract of carriage, and all tariff provisions applicable 
thereto.
    (b) Minimum filing requirements. A written communication from a 
claimant, filed with a proper carrier within the time limits specified 
in the bill of

[[Page 73]]

lading or contract of carriage or transportation and:
    (1) Containing facts sufficient to identify the baggage or shipment 
(or shipments) of property,
    (2) Asserting liability for alleged loss, damage, injury, or delay, 
and
    (3) Making claim for the payment of a specified or determinable 
amount of money, shall be considered as sufficient compliance with the 
provisions for filing claims embraced in the bill of lading or other 
contract of carriage; Provided, however, That procedures are established 
to ensure reasonable carrier access to supporting documents.
    (c) Documents not constituting claims. Bad order reports, appraisal 
reports of damage, notations of shortage or damage, or both, on freight 
bills, delivery receipts, or other documents, or inspection reports 
issued by carriers or their inspection agencies, whether the extent of 
loss or damage is indicated in dollars and cents or otherwise, shall, 
standing alone, not be considered by carriers as sufficient to comply 
with the minimum claim filing requirements specified in paragraph (b) of 
this section.
    (d) Claims filed for uncertain amounts. Whenever a claim is 
presented against a proper carrier for an uncertain amount, such as 
``$100 more or less,'' the carrier against whom such claim is filed 
shall determine the condition of the baggage or shipment involved at the 
time of delivery by it, if it was delivered, and shall ascertain as 
nearly as possible the extent, if any, of the loss or damage for which 
it may be responsible. It shall not, however, voluntarily pay a claim 
under such circumstances unless and until a formal claim in writing for 
a specified or determinable amount of money shall have been filed in 
accordance with the provisions of paragraph (b) of this section.
    (e) Other claims. If investigation of a claim develops that one or 
more other carriers has been presented with a similar claim on the same 
shipment, the carrier investigating such claim shall communicate with 
each such other carrier and, prior to any agreement entered into between 
or among them as to the proper disposition of such claim or claims, 
shall notify all claimants of the receipt of conflicting or overlapping 
claims and shall require further substantiation, on the part of each 
claimant of his/her title to the property involved or his/her right with 
respect to such claim.

[62 FR 32042, June 12, 1997, as amended at 83 FR 16223, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  370.5  Acknowledgment of claims.

    (a) Each carrier shall, upon receipt in writing of a proper claim in 
the manner and form described in the regulations in the past, 
acknowledge the receipt of such claim in writing to the claimant within 
30 days after the date of its receipt by the carrier unless the carrier 
shall have paid or declined such claim in writing within 30 days of the 
receipt thereof. The carrier shall indicate in its acknowledgment to the 
claimant what, if any, additional documentary evidence or other 
pertinent information may be required by it further to process the claim 
as its preliminary examination of the claim, as filed, may have 
revealed.
    (b) The carrier shall at the time each claim is received create a 
separate file and assign thereto a successive claim file number and note 
that number on all documents filed in support of the claim and all 
records and correspondence with respect to the claim, including the 
acknowledgment of receipt. At the time such claim is received the 
carrier shall cause the date of receipt to be recorded on the face of 
the claim document, and the date of receipt shall also appear in the 
carrier's acknowledgment of receipt to the claimant. The carrier shall 
also cause the claim file number to be noted on the shipping order, if 
in its possession, and the delivery receipt, if any, covering such 
shipment, unless the carrier has established an orderly and consistent 
internal procedure for assuring:
    (1) That all information contained in shipping orders, delivery 
receipts, tally sheets, and all other pertinent records made with 
respect to the transportation of the shipment on which claim is made, is 
available for examination upon receipt of a claim;
    (2) That all such records and documents (or true and complete 
reproductions thereof) are in fact examined in the course of the 
investigation of the claim (and an appropriate record is

[[Page 74]]

made that such examination has in fact taken place); and
    (3) That such procedures prevent the duplicate or otherwise unlawful 
payment of claims.

[62 FR 32042, June 12, 1997, as amended at 83 FR 16223, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  370.7  Investigation of claims.

    (a) Prompt investigation required. Each claim filed against a 
carrier in the manner prescribed in this part shall be promptly and 
thoroughly investigated if investigation has not already been made prior 
to receipt of the claim.
    (b) Supporting documents. When a necessary part of an investigation, 
each claim shall be supported by the bill of lading, evidence of the 
freight charges, if any, and either the invoice, a copy of the invoice, 
or an exact copy thereof or any extract made therefrom, certified by the 
claimant to be true and correct with respect to the property and value 
involved in the claim; or certification of prices or values, with trade 
or other discounts, allowance, or deductions, of any nature whatsoever 
and the terms thereof, or depreciation reflected thereon; Provided, 
however, That where property involved in a claim has not been invoiced 
to the consignee shown on the bill of lading or where an invoice does 
not show price or value, or where the property involved has been sold, 
or where the property has been transferred at bookkeeping values only, 
the carrier shall, before voluntarily paying a claim, require the 
claimant to establish the destination value in the quantity, shipped, 
transported, or involved; Provided, further, That when supporting 
documents are determined to be a necessary part of an investigation, the 
supporting documents are retained by the carriers for possible FMCSA 
inspection.
    (c) Verification of loss. When an asserted claim for loss of an 
entire package or an entire shipment cannot be otherwise authenticated 
upon investigation, the carrier shall obtain from the consignee of the 
shipment involved a certified statement in writing that the property for 
which the claim is filed has not been received from any other source.

[62 FR 32042, June 12, 1997, as amended at 83 FR 16223, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  370.9  Disposition of claims.

    (a) Each carrier subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B which 
receives a written claim for loss or damage to baggage or for loss, 
damage, injury, or delay to property transported shall pay, decline, or 
make a firm compromise settlement offer in writing to the claimant 
within 120 days after receipt of the claim by the carrier; Provided, 
however, That, if the claim cannot be processed and disposed of within 
120 days after the receipt thereof, the carrier shall at that time and 
at the expiration of each succeeding 60-day period while the claim 
remains pending, advise the claimant in writing of the status of the 
claim and the reason for the delay in making final disposition thereof 
and it shall retain a copy of such advice to the claimant in its claim 
file thereon.
    (b) When settling a claim for loss or damage, a household goods 
motor carrier as defined in Sec.  375.103 of this subchapter shall use 
the replacement costs of the lost or damaged item as a base to apply a 
depreciation factor to arrive at the current actual value of the lost or 
damaged item.

[62 FR 32042, June 12, 1997, as amended at 78 FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013; 
81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016; 83 FR 16224, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  370.11  Processing of salvage.

    (a) Whenever baggage or material, goods, or other property 
transported by a carrier subject to the provisions in this part is 
damaged or alleged to be damaged and is, as a consequence thereof, not 
delivered or is rejected or refused upon tender thereof to the owner, 
consignee, or person entitled to receive such property, the carrier, 
after giving due notice, whenever practicable to do so, to the owner and 
other parties that may have an interest therein, and unless advised to 
the contrary after giving such notice, shall undertake to sell or 
dispose of such property directly or by the employment of a competent 
salvage agent. The carrier shall only dispose of the property in a

[[Page 75]]

manner that will fairly and equally protect the best interests of all 
persons having an interest therein. The carrier shall make an itemized 
record sufficient to identify the property involved so as to be able to 
correlate it to the shipment or transportation involved, and claim, if 
any, filed thereon. The carrier also shall assign to each lot of such 
property a successive lot number and note that lot number on its record 
of shipment and claim, if any claim is filed thereon.
    (b) Whenever disposition of salvage material or goods shall be made 
directly to an agent or employee of a carrier or through a salvage agent 
or company in which the carrier or one or more of its directors, 
officers, or managers has any interest, financial or otherwise, that 
carrier's salvage records shall fully reflect the particulars of each 
such transaction or relationship, or both, as the case may be.
    (c) Upon receipt of a claim on a shipment on which salvage has been 
processed in the manner prescribed in this section, the carrier shall 
record in its claim file thereon the lot number assigned, the amount of 
money recovered, if any, from the disposition of such property, and the 
date of transmittal of such money to the person or persons lawfully 
entitled to receive the same.



PART 371_BROKERS OF PROPERTY--Table of Contents



                     Subpart A_General Requirements

Sec.
371.1 Applicability.
371.2 Definitions.
371.3 Records to be kept by brokers.
371.7 Misrepresentation.
371.9 Rebating and compensation.
371.10 Duties and obligations of brokers.
371.13 Accounting.

           Subpart B_Special Rules for Household Goods Brokers

371.101 If I operate as a household goods broker in interstate or 
          foreign commerce, must I comply with subpart B of this part?
371.103 What are the definitions of terms used in this subpart?
371.105 Must I use a motor carrier that has a valid U.S. DOT number and 
          valid operating authority issued by FMCSA to transport 
          household goods in interstate or foreign commerce?
371.107 What information must I display in my advertisements and 
          Internet Web homepage?
371.109 Must I inform individual shippers which motor carriers I use?
371.111 Must I provide individual shippers with Federal consumer 
          protection information?
371.113 May I provide individual shippers with a written estimate?
371.115 Must I maintain agreements with motor carriers before providing 
          written estimates on behalf of these carriers?
371.117 Must I provide individual shippers with my policies concerning 
          cancellation, deposits, and refunds?
371.121 What penalties may FMCSA impose for violations of this part?

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301, 13501, and 14122; subtitle B, title IV 
of Pub. L. 109-59; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 45 FR 68942, Oct. 17, 1980, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996.



                     Subpart A_General Requirements



Sec.  371.1  Applicability.

    This part applies, to the extent provided therein, to all brokers of 
transportation by motor vehicle as defined in Sec.  371.2.

[32 FR 20034, Dec. 20, 1967, as amended at 62 FR 15421, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  371.2  Definitions.

    (a) Broker means a person who, for compensation, arranges, or offers 
to arrange, the transportation of property by an authorized motor 
carrier. Motor carriers, or persons who are employees or bona fide 
agents of carriers, are not brokers within the meaning of this section 
when they arrange or offer to arrange the transportation of shipments 
which they are authorized to transport and which they have accepted and 
legally bound themselves to transport.
    (b) Bona fide agents are persons who are part of the normal 
organization of a motor carrier and perform duties under the carrier's 
directions pursuant to a preexisting agreement which provides for a 
continuing relationship, precluding the exercise of discretion on the 
part of the agent in allocating traffic between the carrier and others.
    (c) Brokerage or brokerage service is the arranging of 
transportation or the

[[Page 76]]

physical movement of a motor vehicle or of property. It can be performed 
on behalf of a motor carrier, consignor, or consignee.
    (d) Non-brokerage service is all other service performed by a broker 
on behalf of a motor carrier, consignor, or consignee.



Sec.  371.3  Records to be kept by brokers.

    (a) A broker shall keep a record of each transaction. For purposes 
of this section, brokers may keep master lists of consignors and the 
address and registration number of the carrier, rather than repeating 
this information for each transaction. The record shall show:
    (1) The name and address of the consignor;
    (2) The name, address, and registration number of the originating 
motor carrier;
    (3) The bill of lading or freight bill number;
    (4) The amount of compensation received by the broker for the 
brokerage service performed and the name of the payer;
    (5) A description of any non-brokerage service performed in 
connection with each shipment or other activity, the amount of 
compensation received for the service, and the name of the payer; and
    (6) The amount of any freight charges collected by the broker and 
the date of payment to the carrier.
    (b) Brokers shall keep the records required by this section for a 
period of three years.
    (c) Each party to a brokered transaction has the right to review the 
record of the transaction required to be kept by these rules.

[45 FR 68942, Oct. 17, 1980. Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15421, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  371.7  Misrepresentation.

    (a) A broker shall not perform or offer to perform any brokerage 
service (including advertising), in any name other than that in which 
its registration is issued.
    (b) A broker shall not, directly or indirectly, represent its 
operations to be that of a carrier. Any advertising shall show the 
broker status of the operation.

[45 FR 68942, Oct. 17, 1980. Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15421, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  371.9  Rebating and compensation.

    (a) A broker shall not charge or receive compensation from a motor 
carrier for brokerage service where:
    (1) The broker owns or has a material beneficial interest in the 
shipment or
    (2) The broker is able to exercise control over the shipment because 
the broker owns the shipper, the shipper owns the broker, or there is 
common ownership of the two.
    (b) A broker shall not give or offer to give anything of value to 
any shipper, consignor or consignee (or their officers or employees) 
except inexpensive advertising items given for promotional purposes.



Sec.  371.10  Duties and obligations of brokers.

    Where the broker acts on behalf of a person bound by law or the 
FMCSA regulation as to the transmittal of bills or payments, the broker 
must also abide by the law or regulations which apply to that person.

[45 FR 68943, Oct. 17, 1980, as amended at 62 FR 15421, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  371.13  Accounting.

    Each broker who engages in any other business shall maintain 
accounts so that the revenues and expenses relating to the brokerage 
portion of its business are segregated from its other activities. 
Expenses that are common shall be allocated on an equitable basis; 
however, the broker must be prepared to explain the basis for the 
allocation.

[45 FR 68943, Oct. 17, 1980]



           Subpart B_Special Rules for Household Goods Brokers

    Source: 75 FR 72996, Nov. 29, 2010, unless otherwise noted.

[[Page 77]]



Sec.  371.101  If I operate as a household goods broker in interstate
or foreign commerce, must I comply with subpart B of this part?

    Yes, you must comply with all regulations in this subpart when you 
operate as a household goods broker offering services to individual 
shippers in interstate or foreign commerce. The regulations in this 
subpart do not apply to a household goods broker when providing services 
to commercial or government shippers in interstate or foreign commerce.



Sec.  371.103  What are the definitions of terms used in this subpart?

    FMCSA means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration within 
the U.S. Department of Transportation.
    Household goods has the same meaning as the term is defined in Sec.  
375.103 of this subchapter.
    Household goods broker means a person, other than a motor carrier or 
an employee or bona fide agent of a motor carrier, that as a principal 
or agent sells, offers for sale, negotiates for, or holds itself out by 
solicitation, advertisement, or otherwise as selling, providing, or 
arranging for, transportation of household goods by motor carrier for 
compensation.
    Individual shipper has the same meaning as the term is defined in 
Sec.  375.103 of this subchapter.
    Physical survey has the same meaning as the term is defined in Sec.  
375.103 of this subchapter.

[75 FR 72996, Nov. 29, 2010, as amended at 87 FR 24446, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  371.105  Must I use a motor carrier that has a valid U.S. 
DOT number and valid operating authority issued by FMCSA to transport
household goods in interstate or foreign commerce?

    You may only act as a household goods broker for a motor carrier 
that has a valid, active U.S. DOT number and valid operating authority 
issued by FMCSA to transport household goods in interstate or foreign 
commerce.



Sec.  371.107  What information must I display in my advertisements
and Internet Web homepage?

    (a) You must prominently display in your advertisements and Internet 
Web homepage(s) the physical location(s) (street or highway address, 
city, and State) where you conduct business.
    (b) You must prominently display your U.S. DOT registration 
number(s) and MC license number issued by the FMCSA in your 
advertisements and Internet Web homepage(s).
    (c) You must prominently display in your advertisements and Internet 
Web site(s) your status as a household goods broker and the statement 
that you will not transport an individual shipper's household goods, but 
that you will arrange for the transportation of the household goods by 
an FMCSA-authorized household goods motor carrier, whose charges will be 
determined by its published tariff.
    (d) If you provide estimates on any carrier's behalf pursuant to 
Sec.  371.113(b), you must prominently display in your Internet Web 
site(s) that the estimate must be based on the carrier's tariff and that 
the carrier is required to make its tariff available for public 
inspection upon a reasonable request.
    (e) You may only include in your advertisements or Internet Web 
site(s) the names or logos of FMCSA-authorized household goods motor 
carriers with whom you have a written agreement as specified in Sec.  
371.115 of this part.



Sec.  371.109  Must I inform individual shippers which motor carriers
I use?

    (a) You must provide to each potential individual shipper who 
contacts you a list of all authorized household goods motor carriers you 
use, including their U.S. DOT registration number(s) and MC license 
numbers.
    (b) You must provide to each potential individual shipper who 
contacts you a statement indicating that you are not a motor carrier 
authorized by the Federal Government to transport the individual 
shipper's household goods, and you are only arranging for an authorized 
household goods motor carrier to perform the transportation

[[Page 78]]

services and, if applicable, additional services.

[75 FR 72996, Nov. 29, 2010, as amended at 83 FR 16224, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  371.111  Must I provide individual shippers with Federal consumer
protection information?

    (a) You must provide potential individual shippers with Federal 
consumer protection information by one of the following three methods:
    (1) Provide a hyperlink on your Internet Web site to the FMCSA Web 
site containing the information in FMCSA's publications ``Ready to 
Move?--Tips for a Successful Interstate Move'' and ``Your Rights and 
Responsibilities When You Move.''
    (2) Distribute to each shipper and potential shipper at the time you 
provide an estimate, copies of FMCSA's publications ``Ready to Move?--
Tips for a Successful Interstate Move'' and ``Your Rights and 
Responsibilities When You Move.''
    (3) Distribute to each shipper and potential shipper at the time you 
provide an estimate, copies of ``Ready to Move?--Tips for a Successful 
Interstate Move'' and ``Your Rights and Responsibilities When You Move'' 
as modified and produced by the authorized, lawful motor carrier to 
which you intend to provide the shipment under your written agreement 
required by Sec.  371.115.
    (b) If an individual shipper elects to waive physical receipt of the 
Federal consumer protection information by one of the methods described 
in paragraphs (a)(2) and (a)(3) of this section, and elects to access 
the same information via the hyperlink on the Internet as provided in 
paragraph (a)(1) of this section, you must include a clear and concise 
statement on the written estimate described in Sec.  371.113 that the 
individual shipper expressly agreed to access the Federal consumer 
protection information on the Internet.
    (c) You must obtain a signed, dated receipt showing the individual 
shipper has received both booklets that includes, if applicable, 
verification of the shipper's agreement to access the Federal consumer 
protection information on the Internet.
    (d) You must maintain the signed receipt required by paragraph (c) 
of this section for three years from the date the individual shipper 
signs the receipt.
    (e) If you have a website, you are required to display prominently 
either a link to the Department of Transportation (DOT) publication 
titled ``Ready to Move?--Tips for a Successful Interstate Move'' (DOT 
publication FMCSA-ESA-03-005, or its successor publication) on the FMCSA 
website or a true and accurate copy of that document on your website.

[75 FR 72996, Nov. 29, 2010, as amended at 83 FR 16224, Apr. 16, 2018; 
87 FR 24446, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  371.113  May I provide individual shippers with a written
estimate?

    (a) You may provide each individual shipper with an estimate of 
transportation and accessorial charges. If you provide an estimate, it 
must be in writing and must be based on a physical survey of the 
household goods conducted by the authorized motor carrier on whose 
behalf the estimate is provided. The estimate must be prepared in 
accordance with a signed, written agreement, as specified in Sec.  
371.115.
    (b) You must base your estimate upon the published tariffs of the 
authorized motor carrier who will transport the shipper's household 
goods.
    (c)(1) A shipper may elect to waive the physical survey required in 
paragraph (a) of this section by written agreement signed by the shipper 
before the shipment is loaded.
    (2) The household goods broker must explain the physical survey 
waiver agreement to the individual shipper in plain English. The 
physical survey waiver agreement must be printed on the written estimate 
and must be printed at no less than 7-point font size and with the font 
typeface Universe.
    (3) A copy of the waiver agreement must be retained as an addendum 
to the bill of lading and is subject to the same record inspection and 
preservation requirements as are applicable to bills of lading.
    (d) You must keep the records required by this section for three 
years following the date you provide the

[[Page 79]]

written estimate for an individual shipper who accepts the estimate and 
has you procure the transportation.

[75 FR 72996, Nov. 29, 2010, as amended at 87 FR 24446, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  371.115  Must I maintain agreements with motor carriers before
providing written estimates on behalf of these carriers?

    (a) In order to provide estimates of charges for the transportation 
of household goods, you must do so in accordance with the written 
agreement required by Sec.  375.409 of this subchapter. Your written 
agreement with the motor carrier(s) must include the following items:
    (1) Your broker name as shown on your FMCSA registration, your 
physical address, and your U.S. DOT registration number and MC license 
number;
    (2) The authorized motor carrier's name as shown on its FMCSA 
registration, its physical address, and its U.S. DOT registration number 
and MC license number;
    (3) A concise, easy to understand statement that your written 
estimate to the individual shipper:
    (i) Will be exclusively on behalf of the authorized household goods 
motor carrier;
    (ii) Will be based on the authorized household goods motor carrier's 
published tariff; and
    (iii) Will serve as the authorized household goods motor carrier's 
estimate for purposes of complying with the requirements of part 375 of 
this chapter, including the requirement that the authorized household 
goods motor carrier relinquishes possession of the shipment upon payment 
of no more than 110 percent of a non-binding estimate at the time of 
delivery;
    (4) Your owner's, corporate officer's, or corporate director's 
signature lawfully representing your household goods broker operation 
and the date;
    (5) The signature of the authorized household goods motor carrier's 
owner, corporate officer, or corporate director lawfully representing 
the household goods motor carrier's operation and the date; and
    (b) The signed written agreement required by this section is public 
information and you must produce it for review upon reasonable request 
by a member of the public.
    (c) You must keep copies of the agreements required by this section 
for as long as you provide estimates on behalf of the authorized 
household goods motor carrier and for three years thereafter.



Sec.  371.117  Must I provide individual shippers with my policies
concerning cancellation, deposits, and refunds?

    (a) You must disclose prominently on your Internet Web site and in 
your agreements with prospective shippers your cancellation policy, 
deposit policy, and policy for refunding deposited funds in the event 
the shipper cancels an order for service before the date an authorized 
household goods motor carrier has been scheduled to pick up the 
shipper's property.
    (b) You must maintain records showing each individual shipper's 
request to cancel a shipment and the disposition of each request for a 
period of three years after the date of a shipper's cancellation 
request. If you refunded a deposit, your records must include:
    (1) Proof that the individual shipper cashed or deposited the check 
or money order, if the financial institution provides documentary 
evidence; or
    (2) Proof that you delivered the refund check or money order to the 
individual shipper.



Sec.  371.121  What penalties may FMCSA impose for violations of this part?

    The penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. chapter 149, Civil and Criminal 
Penalties apply to this subpart. These penalties do not overlap. 
Notwithstanding these civil penalties, nothing in this section deprives 
an individual shipper of any remedy or right of action under existing 
law.



PART 372_EXEMPTIONS, COMMERCIAL ZONES, AND TERMINAL AREAS-
-Table of Contents



                          Subpart A_Exemptions

Sec.
372.101 Casual, occasional, or reciprocal transportation of passengers 
          for compensation when such transportation is

[[Page 80]]

          sold or arranged by anyone for compensation.
372.103 Motor vehicles employed solely in transporting school children 
          and teachers to or from school.
372.107 Definitions.
372.109 Computation of tonnage allowable in nonfarm-non-member 
          transportation.
372.111 Nonmember transportation limitation and record keeping.
372.113 [Reserved]
372.115 Commodities that are not exempt under 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(6).
372.117 Motor transportation of passengers incidental to transportation 
          by aircraft.

                       Subpart B_Commercial Zones

372.201 Albany, NY.
372.203 Beaumont, TX.
372.205 Charleston, SC.
372.207 Charleston, WV.
372.209 Lake Charles, LA.
372.211 Pittsburgh, PA.
372.213 Pueblo, CO.
372.215 Ravenswood, WV.
372.217 Seattle, WA.
372.219 Washington, DC.
372.221 Twin Cities.
372.223 Consolidated governments.
372.225 Lexington-Fayette Urban County, KY.
372.227 Syracuse, NY.
372.229 Spokane, WA.
372.231 Tacoma, WA.
372.233 Chicago, IL.
372.235 New York, NY.
372.237 Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, and Willacy Counties, TX.
372.239 Definitions.
372.241 Commercial zones determined generally, with exceptions.
372.243 Controlling distances and population data.
372.245 New Mexico Commercial Zone.
372.247 City of El Paso, TX.

                        Subpart C_Terminal Areas

372.300 Distances and population data.
372.301 Terminal areas of motor carriers and freight forwarders at 
          municipalities served.
372.303 Terminal areas of motor carriers and freight forwarders at 
          unincorporated communities served.

Appendix A to Part 372--Commercial Zones

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13504 and 13506; Pub. L. 105-178, sec. 4031, 
112 Stat. 418; and 49 CFR 1.87.



                          Subpart A_Exemptions

    Source: 32 FR 20036, Dec. 20, 1967, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  372.101  Casual, occasional, or reciprocal transportation of
passengers for compensation when such transportation is sold or arranged
by anyone for compensation.

    The partial exemption from regulation under the provisions of 49 
U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B of the casual, occasional, and reciprocal 
transportation of passengers by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce for compensation as provided in 49 U.S.C. 13506(b) be, and it 
is hereby, removed to the extent necessary to make applicable all 
provisions of 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B to such transportation when 
sold or offered for sale, or provided or procured or furnished or 
arranged for, by any person who sells, offers for sale, provides, 
furnishes, contracts, or arranges for such transportation for 
compensation or as a regular occupation or business.

[32 FR 20036, Dec. 20, 1967. Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15421, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.103  Motor vehicles employed solely in transporting school
children and teachers to or from school.

    The exemption set forth in 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(1) shall not be 
construed as being inapplicable to motor vehicles being used at the time 
of operation in the transportation of schoolchildren and teachers to or 
from school, even though such motor vehicles are employed at other times 
in transportation beyond the scope of the exemption.

[36 FR 9022, May 18, 1971, as amended at 62 FR 15421, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.107  Definitions.

    As used in the regulations in this part, the following terms shall 
have the meaning shown:
    (a) Cooperative association. The term ``cooperative association'' 
means an association which conforms to the following definition in the 
Agricultural Marketing Act, approved June 15, 1929, as amended (12 
U.S.C. 1141j):

    As used in this Act, the term cooperative association means any 
association in which farmers act together in processing, preparing for 
market, handling, and/or marketing the farm products of persons so 
engaged, and also means any association in which farmers

[[Page 81]]

act together in purchasing, testing, grading, processing, distributing, 
and/or furnishing farm supplies and/or farm business services. Provided, 
however, That such associations are operated for the mutual benefit of 
the members thereof as such producers or purchasers and conform to one 
or both of the following requirements:
    First. That no member of the association is allowed more than one 
vote because of the amount of stock or membership capital he may own 
therein; and
    Second. That the association does not pay dividends on stock or 
membership capital in excess of 8 per centum per annum.
    And in any case to the following:
    Third. That the association shall not deal in farm products, farm 
supplies and farm business services with or for nonmembers in an amount 
greater in value than the total amount of such business transacted by it 
with or for members. All business transacted by any cooperative 
association for or on behalf of the United States or any agency or 
instrumentality thereof shall be disregarded in determining the volume 
of member and nonmember business transacted by such association.


Associations which do not conform to such definition are not eligible to 
operate under the partial exemption of 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(5).
    (b) Federation of cooperative associations. The term ``federation of 
cooperative associations'' means a federation composed of either two or 
more cooperative associations, or one or more farmers, which federation 
possesses no greater powers or purposes than a cooperative association 
as defined in paragraph (a) of this section. Federations of cooperative 
associations which do not conform to such definition are not eligible to 
operate under the partial exemption of 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(5).
    (c) Member. The term ``member'' means any farmer or cooperative 
association which has consented to be, has been accepted as, and is a 
member in good standing in accordance with the constitution, bylaws, or 
rules of the cooperative association or federation of cooperative 
associations.
    (d) Farmer. The term ``farmer'' means any individual, partnership, 
corporation, or other business entity to the extent engaged in farming 
operations either as a producer of agricultural commodities or as a farm 
owner.
    (e) Interstate transportation. The term ``interstate 
transportation'' means transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or 
foreign commerce subject to the FMCSA's jurisdiction as set forth in 49 
U.S.C. 13501.
    (f) Member transportation. The term ``member transportation'' means 
transportation performed by a cooperative association or federation of 
cooperative associations for itself or for its members, but does not 
include transportation performed in furtherance of the nonfarm business 
of such members.
    (g) Nonmember transportation. The term ``nonmember transportation'' 
means transportation performed by a cooperative association or 
federation of cooperative associations other than member transportation 
as defined in paragraph (f) of this section.
    (h) Fiscal year. The term ``fiscal year'' means the annual 
accounting period adopted by the cooperative association or federation 
of cooperative associations for Federal income tax reporting purposes.

[43 FR 2397, Jan. 17, 1978, as amended at 45 FR 45524, July 3, 1980; 47 
FR 13353, Mar. 30, 1982; 47 FR 15142, Apr. 8, 1982; 66 FR 49870, Oct. 1, 
2001]



Sec.  372.109  Computation of tonnage allowable in nonfarm-non-member 
transportation.

    Interstate transportation performed by a cooperative association or 
federation of cooperative associations for nonmembers who are not 
farmers, cooperative associations, or federations of associations or the 
United States Government for compensation, (except transportation 
otherwise exempt under subtitle IV, part B, chapter 135 of title 49 of 
the United States Code) shall be limited to that which is incidental to 
its primary transportation operation and necessary for its effective 
performance. It shall in no event exceed 25 percent of its total 
interstate transportation services in any fiscal year, measured in terms 
of tonnage. A cooperative association or federation of cooperative 
associations may transport its own property, its members' property, 
property of other farmers and the property of other cooperatives or 
federations in accordance with existing law, except where the provisions 
of Sec.  372.111 may be applicable to the limit on member/nonmember 
transportation.

[[Page 82]]

    (a) The phrase ``incidental to its primary transportation operation 
and necessary for its effective performance'' means that the interstate 
transportation of the cooperative association or federation of 
cooperative associations for nonmembers as described above is performed 
with the same trucks or tractors employed in a prior or subsequent trip 
in the primary transportation operation of the cooperative association 
or federation, that it is not economically feasible to operate the 
trucks or tractors empty on return trips (outbound trips in cases where 
the primary transportation operation is inbound to the association or 
federation), and that the additional income obtained from such 
transportation is necessary to make the primary transportation operation 
financially practicable. Transportation for nonmembers as described 
above performed by a cooperative or federation through the use of trucks 
or tractors trip-leased for one-way movements with the cooperative 
association or federation acting as leasee, is not incidental and 
necessary;
    (b) The base tonnage to which the 25-percent limitation is applied 
is all tonnage of all kinds transported by the cooperative association 
or federation of cooperative associations in interstate or foreign 
commerce, whether for itself, its members or nonmembers, for or on 
behalf of the United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof, 
and that performed within the exemption provided by 49 U.S.C. 
13506(a)(5).

[43 FR 2397, Jan. 17, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 21894, May 22, 1978; 45 
FR 45524, July 3, 1980; 62 FR 49940, Sept. 24, 1997; 66 FR 49870, Oct. 
1, 2001; 78 FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  372.111  Nonmember transportation limitation and record keeping.

    (a) Overall limitation of nonmember transportation. No cooperative 
association or federation of cooperative associations may engage in 
nonmember interstate transportation for compensation in any fiscal year 
which, measured in terms of tonnage, exceeds its total interstate member 
transportation in such fiscal year.
    (b) Records of interstate transportation when nonmember 
transportation is performed. Any cooperative association or federation 
of cooperative associations performing interstate transportation for 
nonmembers shall prepare and retain for a period of at least two years 
written records of all interstate transportation performed for members 
and nonmembers. These records shall contain:
    (1) The date of the shipment,
    (2) The names and addresses of the consignor and consignee,
    (3) The origin and destination of the shipment,
    (4) A description of the articles in the shipment,
    (5) The weight or volume of the shipment,
    (6) A description of the equipment used either by unit number or 
license number and, in the event this equipment is nonowned, the name 
and address of its owners and drivers,
    (7) The total charges collected,
    (8) A copy of all leases executed by the cooperative association or 
federation of cooperative associations to obtain equipment to perform 
transportation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(5),
    (9) Whether the transportation performed is:
    (i) Member transportation,
    (ii) Nonmember transportation for nonmembers who are farmers, 
cooperative associations, or federations thereof,
    (iii) Other nonmember transportation, and if of class (iii), how the 
transportation was incidental and necessary as defined in Sec.  
372.109(a).

[43 FR 2397, Jan. 17, 1978, as amended at 45 FR 45524, July 3, 1980; 62 
FR 38036, July 16, 1997; 62 FR 49940, Sept. 24, 1997]



Sec.  372.113  [Reserved]



Sec.  372.115  Commodities that are not exempt under 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(6).

    49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(6) provides an exemption from regulation for 
motor vehicles used in carrying ordinary livestock, fish, and 
unmanufactured agricultural commodities. Certain specific commodities 
have been statutorily determined to be non-exempt. Administrative Ruling 
No. 133, which is reproduced below, is a list of those commodities that 
are non-exempt by statute.

[[Page 83]]

                      Administrative Ruling No. 133

   List of Commodities That Are Not Exempt by Statute Under 49 U.S.C. 
                               13506(a)(6)

Animal fats
Butter
Canned fruits and vegetables
Carnauba wax as imported in slabs or chunks
Cattle, slaughtered
Charcoal
Cheese
Coal
Cocoa beans
Coffee, beans, roasted, or instant
Copra meal
Cotton yarn
Cottonseed cake or meal
Diatomaceous earth
Dinners, frozen

Feeds:

    Alfalfa meal
    Alfalfa pellets
    Beet pulp
    Bran shorts
    Copra meal
    Corn gluten
    Distilled corn grain residues, with or without solubles added
    Fish meal
    Hominy feed
    Middlings
    Pelletized ground refuse screenings
    Wheat bran
    Wheat shorts

Fertilizer, commercial

Fish:

    Canned or salted as a treatment for preserving
    Cooked or partially cooked fish or shrimp, frozen or unfrozen
    Hermetically sealed in containers as a treatment for preserving
    Oil from fishes
    Preserved, or treated for preserving, such as smoked, salted, 
pickled, spiced, corned or kippered

Flagstone
Flaxseed meal
Flour

Forest products:

    Resin products, such as turpentine

Fruits and Berries:

    Bananas, fresh, dried, dehydrated, or frozen
    Canned
    Frozen
    Hulls of oranges after juice extractions
    Juice, fruit, plain or concentrated
    Pies, frozen
    Preserved, such as jam
    Purees, strawberry and other, frozen

Grains:

    Oils extracted from grain
    Popcorn, popped
    Rice, precooked
    Wheat germ

Gravel
Hair, hog or other animal, product of slaughter of animal
Hay, sweetened with 3 percent molasses by weight
Hemp fiber
Hides, green and salted
Insecticides
Limestone, agricultural

Livestock:

    Monkeys
    Race horses
    Show horses
    Zoo animals

Lumber, rough sawed or planed
Maple syrup

Meal:

    Alfalfa
    Copra
    Cottonseed
    Fish
    Flaxseed
    Linseed
    Peanut
    Soybean

Meat and meat products, fresh, frozen or canned

Milk and Cream:

    Chocolate
    Condensed
    Sterilized in hermetically sealed cans

Molasses

Nuts (including peanuts):

    Peanut meal
    Roasted or boiled

Oil, mint
Oil, extracted from vegetables, grain, seed, fish or other commodity
Pelts
Pies, frozen
Pigeons, racing
Pulp, beet
Pulp, sugar cane
Rock (except natural crushed, vesicular rock to be used for decorative 
          purposes)
Rubber, crude, in bales
Rubber, latex, natural, liquid, from which water has been extracted and 
          to which ammonia has been added
Sand

Seeds:

    Oil extracted from seeds

Skins, animal
Soil, potting
Soil, top
Soup, frozen
Sugar
Sugar cane pulp

[[Page 84]]

Sugar raw
Syrup, cane
Syrup, maple
Tea

Tobacco:

    Cigars and cigarettes
    Homogenized
    Smoking

Top Soil

Trees:

    Sawed into lumber

Vegetables:

    Candied sweet potatoes, frozen
    Canned
    Cooked
    French fried potatoes
    Oil, extracted from vegetables
    Soup, frozen
    Soybean meal

Wool imported from a foreign country
Wool tops and noils
Wool waste (carded, spun, woven, or knitted)
Wool yarn

    Note 1: Under 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(6)(D), any listed fish or shellfish 
product that is not intended for human consumption is exempt.
    Note 2: Under 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(6)(E), any listed livestock feed, 
poultry feed, agricultural seeds, or plants that are transported to a 
site of agricultural production or to a business enterprise engaged in 
the sale to agricultural producers of goods used in agricultural 
production is exempt

[53 FR 17707, May 18, 1988, as amended at 62 FR 15421, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.117  Motor transportation of passengers incidental to 
transportation by aircraft.

    (a) Passengers having an immediately prior or subsequent movement by 
air. The transportation of passengers by motor vehicle is transportation 
incidental to transportation by aircraft provided (1) that it is 
confined to the transportation of passengers who have had or will have 
an immediately prior or immediately subsequent movement by air and (2) 
that the zone within which motor transportation is incidental to 
transportation by aircraft, except as it may be individually determined 
as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, shall not exceed in size 
the area encompassed by a 25-mile radius of the boundary of the airport 
at which the passengers arrive or depart and by the boundaries of the 
commercial zones (as defined by the Secretary) of any municipalities any 
part of whose commercial zones falls within the 25-mile radius of the 
pertinent airport.
    (b) Substituted motor-for-air transportation due to emergency 
conditions. Transportation of passengers by motor vehicle is 
transportation incidental to transportation by aircraft if it 
constitutes substituted motor-for-air service performed at the expense 
of the air carrier in emergency situations arising from the inability of 
the air carrier to perform air transportation due to adverse weather 
conditions, equipment failure, or other causes beyond the control of the 
air carrier.
    (c) Individual determination of exempt zones. Upon its own motion or 
upon petition filed by any interested person, the Secretary may in an 
appropriate proceeding, determine whether the area within which the 
transportation by motor vehicle of passengers having an immediately 
prior or subsequent movement by air must be performed, in order to come 
within the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, should be 
individually determined with respect to any particular airport or city 
served by an airport, and whether there should be established therefor 
appropriate boundaries differing in extent from this defined in 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (d) Exempt zones and operations--(1) Dulles and Baltimore-Washington 
International Airports. The transportation by motor vehicle, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, of passengers, having an immediately 
prior or subsequent movement by air, between Dulles International 
Airport, near Chantilly, Va., and Baltimore-Washington International 
Airport, near Baltimore, Md., is partially exempt from regulation under 
49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A).
    (2) Savannah, Ga., Airport. The transportation by motor vehicle, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, of passengers, having an immediately 
prior or subsequent movement by air, between Savannah, Ga., Airport and 
all points on Hilton Head Island, SC, is partially exempt from 
regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A).
    (3) Chicago O'Hare International Airport (Chicago, Ill.). The 
transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign commerce, of 
passengers, having an immediately prior or subsequent

[[Page 85]]

movement by air, between O'Hare International Airport, at Chicago, Ill., 
on the one hand, and, on the other, points in Indiana on and north of 
U.S. Highway 30 and on and west of Indiana Highway 49, is partially 
exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A).

[32 FR 20036, Dec. 20, 1967, as amended at 37 FR 5252, Mar. 11, 1972; 42 
FR 10003, Feb. 18, 1977; 42 FR 15705; Mar. 23, 1977; 62 FR 15421, Apr. 
1, 1997; 78 FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]



                       Subpart B_Commercial Zones

    Source: 41 FR 56653, Dec. 29, 1976, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  372.201  Albany, NY.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Albany, N.Y., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulations under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Albany, N.Y., itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn eight miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Albany.
    (c) All points in that area more than eight miles beyond the 
municipal limits of Albany bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at 
that point on the western boundary of Cohoes, N.Y., where it crosses the 
line described in paragraph (b) of this section, thence along the 
western and northern boundary of Cohoes to the Mohawk River thence along 
such river to the northern boundary of the Town of Waterford thence 
along the northern and eastern boundaries of the Town of Waterford to 
the northern boundary of the City of Troy (all of which city is included 
under the next provision).
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Albany or any other 
municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this section.

[41 FR 56653, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.203  Beaumont, TX.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Beaumont, Tex., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Beaumont, Tex., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 8 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Beaumont;
    (c) All points in Jefferson County and Orange County, Tex.;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Beaumont or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56653, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.205  Charleston, S.C.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Charleston, S.C., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Charleston, S.C., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 6 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Charleston;
    (c) Those points in Charleston County, S.C., which are not within 
the areas

[[Page 86]]

described in paragraph (b) of this section; and those points in Berkley 
County, S.C., which are not within the areas described in paragraph (b) 
of this section, and which are west of South Carolina Highway 41; and 
all points in Dorchester County, SC.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Charleston or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56653, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 28658, May 28, 1981; 62 
FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.207  Charleston, WV.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Charleston, W. Va., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Charleston, W. Va., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 6 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Charleston;
    (c) Those points in Kanawha County, W. Va., which are not within the 
area described in paragraph (b) of this section; and those points in 
Putnam County, W. Va., south of West Virginia Highway 34;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Charleston or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56653, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.209  Lake Charles, LA.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Lake Charles, La., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Lake Charles, La., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 6 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Lake Charles;
    (c) Those points in Calcasieu Parish, La., which are not within the 
area described in paragraph (b) of this section; and which are east of 
Louisiana Highway 27 (western section);
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Lake Charles or by 
any other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56653, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.211  Pittsburgh, PA.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Pittsburgh within 
which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign commerce, 
not under common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous 
carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is partially 
exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes and is 
comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Pittsburgh, Pa., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 15 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Pittsburgh;
    (c) Those points in Allegheny County, Pa., which are not within the 
area described in paragraph (b) of this section;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the

[[Page 87]]

combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Pittsburgh or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56654, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997; 78 
FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  372.213  Pueblo, CO.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Pueblo, Colo., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulations under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Pueblo, Colo., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 6 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Pueblo;
    (c) Those points in Pueblo County, Colo., which are not within the 
area described in paragraph (b) of this section;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Pueblo or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56654, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997; 78 
FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  372.215  Ravenswood, WV.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Ravenswood, W. Va., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Ravenswood, W. Va., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 4 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Ravenswood;
    (c) Those points in Jackson County, W. Va., which are not within the 
area described in paragraph (b) of this section, and which are north of 
U.S. Highway 33;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Ravenswood or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56654, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.217  Seattle, WA.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Seattle, Wash., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Seattle, Wash., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 15 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Seattle;
    (c) Those points in King County, Wash., which are not within the 
area described in paragraph (b) of this section, and which are west of a 
line beginning at the intersection of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section and Washington Highway 18, thence northerly along 
Washington Highway 18 to junction of Interstate Highway 90, thence 
westerly along Interstate Highway 90 to junction Washington Highway 203, 
thence northerly along Washington Highway 203 to the King County line; 
and those points in Snohomish County, Wash., which are not within the 
area described in paragraph (b) of this section and which are west of 
Washington Highway 9; and those points in Kitsap County, Wash.,

[[Page 88]]

which are not within the area described in paragraph (b) of this section 
lying within the area bounded by a line beginning at the intersection of 
the line described in paragraph (b) of this section and Washington 
Highway 3 to the boundary of Olympic View Industrial Park/Bremerton-
Kitsap County Airport, thence westerly, southerly, easterly, and 
northerly along the boundary of Olympic View Industrial Park/ Bremerton-
Kitsap County Airport to its juncture with Washington Highway 3 to its 
intersection with the line described in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Seattle or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[41 FR 56654, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 25314, May 6, 1981; 62 
FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.219  Washington, DC.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Washington, D.C., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Washington, D.C., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 15 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Washington, DC
    (c) All points in Fairfax and Loudoun Counties, VA, and all points 
in Prince William County, VA, including the City of Manassas, VA, and 
the City of Manassas Park, VA.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Washington, D.C., or 
by any other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of 
this section.

[41 FR 56654, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 56424, Nov. 17, 1981; 
62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.221  Twin Cities.

    For the purpose of determining commercial zones, utilizing the 
general population-mileage formula as set forth in Sec.  372.241, each 
of the following combinations of cities shall be considered as a single 
municipality:
    (a) Having a population equal to the sum of their combined 
populations, and
    (b) Having boundaries comprised of their combined corporate limits, 
with the common portion thereof disregarded:
    (1) Bluefield, Va.-W. Va.
    (2) Bristol, Va.-Tenn.
    (3) Davenport, Iowa, and Rock Island and Moline, Ill.
    (4) Delmar, Del-Md.
    (5) Harrison, Ohio-West Harrison, Ind.
    (6) Junction City, Ark.-La.
    (7) Kansas City, Mo.-Kansas City, Kans.
    (8) Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.
    (9) St. Louis, Mo.-East St. Louis, Ill.
    (10) Texarkana, Ark.-Tex.
    (11) Texhoma, Tex.-Okla.
    (12) Union City, Ind.-Ohio.

[41 FR 56654, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.223  Consolidated governments.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of a consolidated 
government within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate 
or foreign commerce, not under common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, is partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 
13506(b)(1) includes and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) All points within the boundaries of the consolidated government.
    (b) All points beyond the boundaries of the consolidated government 
which were at any time within the commercial zone of the formerly 
independent core municipality.
    (c) When the present population of the formerly independent core 
municipality is identifiable, all points beyond

[[Page 89]]

the boundaries of the consolidated government which are within the 
territory determined by the most recent population-mileage formula 
measured from the limits of the formerly independent core municipality.
    (d) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the consolidated government or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraphs (a), (b), or 
(c) of this section.

[41 FR 56654, Dec. 29, 1976, as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.225  Lexington-Fayette Urban County, KY.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Lexington-Fayette 
Urban County, Ky., within which transportation by motor vehicle, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, 
or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, is partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 
13506(b)(1) includes and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) Lexington-Fayette Urban County, Ky., itself.
    (b) All other municipalities and unincorporated areas within 5 miles 
of the intersection of U.S. Highway 27 (Nicholasville Road) with the 
corporate boundary line between Jessamine County, Ky., and Lexington-
Fayette Urban County, Ky.

[39 FR 18769, May 30, 1974. Redesignated at 41 FR 56655, Dec. 29, 1976. 
Further redesignated at 55 FR 42198, Oct. 18, 1990, as amended at 62 FR 
15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.227  Syracuse, NY.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Syracuse, N.Y., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for 
shipment to or from points beyond such zone, is partially exempt from 
regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes and is comprised of all 
points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Syracuse, N.Y., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 10 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Syracuse;
    (c) Those points in the towns of Van Buren and Lysander, Onondaga 
County, N.Y., which are not within the area described in paragraph (b) 
of this section, but which are within an area bounded by a line 
beginning at the intersection of new New York Highway 48 with the line 
described in (b) of this sectio, thence northwesterly along new New York 
Highway 48 to junction New York Highway 370, thence westerly along New 
York Highway 370 to junction Emerick Road, thence northerly along 
Emerick Road to junction Dunham Road, thence northerly along Dunham road 
to junction New York Highway 192, thence easterly along New York Highway 
192 to junction new New York Highway 48, thence northerly along new New 
York Highway 48 to junction New York Highway 213, thence easterly along 
New York Highway 213 to junction New York Highway 213A, thence easterly 
along New York Highway 213A to junction New York Highway 37, thence 
southerly along New York Highway 37 to its intersection with the line in 
(b) above;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined area defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Syracuse or any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[42 FR 44816, Sept. 7, 1977. Redesignated at 55 FR 42198, Oct. 18, 1990, 
as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997; 78 FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  372.229  Spokane, WA.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Spokane, WA, within 
which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under control, management, or arrangement for shipment to 
or from points beyond such zone, is partially exempt from regulation 
under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1) includes and is comprised of all points as 
follows:
    (a) The municipality of Spokane, WA, itself,

[[Page 90]]

    (b) All points within a line drawn 8 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Spokane;
    (c) All points within that area more than 8 miles beyond the 
municipal limits of Spokane bounded by a line as follows: From the 
intersection of the line described in (b) of this section and U.S. 
Highway 2, thence westerly along U.S. Highway 2 to junction Brooks Road, 
thence southerly along Brooks Road to junction Hallett Road, thence 
easterly along Hallett Road to its intersection with the line described 
in (b) of this section;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section; and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Spokane or any other 
municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this section.

[45 FR 62085, Sept. 18, 1980. Redesignated and amended at 55 FR 42198, 
Oct. 18, 1990; 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997; 78 FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  372.231  Tacoma, WA.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Tacoma, WA, within 
which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for 
shipment to or from points beyond such zone, is partially exempt from 
regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1), includes and is comprised of all 
points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Tacoma, WA, itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 8 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Tacoma;
    (c) Those points in Pierce County, WA, which are not within the area 
described in paragraph (b) of this section, but which are on Washington 
Highway 162 beginning at its intersection with the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section, extending to and including Orting, WA, 
and all points within the Orting commercial zone.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined area defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Tacoma or any other 
municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this section.

[45 FR 66460, Oct. 7, 1980. Redesignated at 55 FR 42198, Oct. 18, 1990, 
as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997; 66 FR 49870, Oct. 1, 2001; 78 
FR 58478, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  372.233  Chicago, IL.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Chicago, IL, within 
which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
shipment to or from such zone, is partially exempt from regulation under 
49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1), includes and is comprised of all points as 
follows:
    (a) The municipality of Chicago, IL, itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 20 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Chicago;
    (c) All points in Lake County, IL.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined area defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Chicago or any other 
municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this section.

[46 FR 11286, Feb. 6, 1981. Redesignated at 55 FR 42198, Oct. 18, 1990, 
as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997; 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  372.235  New York, NY.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of, New York, NY, 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for 
shipment to or from points beyond such zone is partially exempt from 
regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1), includes and is comprised of all 
points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of New York, NY, itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 20 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of New York, NY;
    (c) All points in Morris County, NJ;

[[Page 91]]

    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c); and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except by a water boundary, by the municipality of New York or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this 
section.

[50 FR 34478, Aug. 26, 1985. Redesignated at 55 FR 42198, Oct. 18, 1990, 
as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.237  Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, and Willacy Counties, TX.

    (a) Transportation within a zone comprised of Cameron, Hidalgo, 
Starr, and Willacy Counties, TX, by motor carriers of property, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under common control, management, or 
arrangement for shipment to or from points beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1).
    (b) To the extent that commercial zones of municipalities within the 
four counties (as determined under Sec.  372.241) extend beyond the 
boundaries of this four-county zone, the areas of such commercial zones 
shall be considered to be part of the zone and partially exempt from 
regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1).

[51 FR 1815, Jan. 15, 1986. Redesignated at 55 FR 42198, Oct. 18, 1990, 
as amended at 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.239  Definitions.

    For the purposes of this part, the following terms are defined:
    (a) Municipality means any city, town, village, or borough which has 
been created by special legislative act or which has been, otherwise, 
individually incorporated or chartered pursuant to general State laws, 
or which is recognized as such, under the Constitution or by the laws of 
the State in which located, and which has a local government. It does 
not include a town of the township or New England type.
    (b) Contiguous municipalities means municipalities, as defined in 
paragraph (a) of this section, which have at some point a common 
municipal or corporate boundary.
    (c) Unincorporated area means any area not within the corporate or 
municipal boundaries of any municipality as defined in paragraph (a) of 
this section.

[32 FR 20048, Dec. 20, 1967]



Sec.  372.241  Commercial zones determined generally, with exceptions.

    The commercial zone of each municipality in the United States, with 
the exceptions indicated in the note at the end of this section, within 
which the transportation of passengers or property, in interstate or 
foreign commerce, when not under a common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
without such zone, is exempt from all provisions of 49 U.S.C. subtitle 
IV, part B shall be deemed to consist of:
    (a) The municipality itself, hereinafter called the base 
municipality;
    (b) All municipalities which are contiguous to the base 
municipality;
    (c) All other municipalities and all unincorporated areas within the 
United States which are adjacent to the base municipality as follows:
    (1) When the base municipality has a population less than 2,500 all 
unincorporated areas within 3 miles of its corporate limits and all of 
any other municipality any part of which is within 3 miles of the 
corporate limits of the base municipality,
    (2) When the base municipality has a population of 2,500 but less 
than 25,000 all unincorporated areas within 4 miles of its corporate 
limits and all of any other municipality any part of which is within 4 
miles of the corporate limits of the base municipality.
    (3) When the base municipality has a population of 25,000 but less 
than 100,000 all unincorporated areas within 6 miles of its corporate 
limits and all of any other municipality any part of which is within 6 
miles of the corporate limits of the base municipality, and
    (4) When the base municipality has a population of 100,000 but less 
than 200,000 all unincorporated areas within 8 miles of its corporate 
limits and all of any other municipality any part of which is within 8 
miles of the corporate limits of the base municipality.
    (5) When the base municipality has a population of 200,000 but less 
than 500,000 all unincorporated areas within

[[Page 92]]

10 miles of its corporate limits and all of any other municipality any 
part of which is within 10 miles of the corporate limits of the base 
municipality.
    (6) When the base municipality has a population of 500,000 but less 
than 1 million, all unincorporated areas within 15 miles of its 
corporate limits and all of any other municipality any part of which is 
within 15 miles of the corporate limits of the base municipality.
    (7) When the base municipality has a population of 1 million or 
more, all unincorporated areas within 20 miles of its corporate limits 
and all of any other municipality any part of which is within 20 miles 
of the corporate limits of the base municipality, and
    (d) All municipalities wholly surrounded, or so surrounded except 
for a water boundary, by the base municipality, by any municipality 
contiguous thereto, or by any municipality adjacent thereto which is 
included in the commercial zone of such base municipality under the 
provisions of paragraph (c) of this section.

    Note: Except: Municipalities the commercial zones of which have been 
or are hereafter individually or specially determined.

[32 FR 20048, Dec. 20, 1967, as amended at 34 FR 9870, June 26, 1969; 34 
FR 15482, Oct. 4, 1969; 41 FR 56655, Dec. 29, 1976; 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 
1997]



Sec.  372.243  Controlling distances and population data.

    In the application of Sec.  372.241:
    (a) Air-line distances or mileages about corporate limits of 
municipalities shall be used.
    (b) The population of any municipality shall be deemed to be the 
highest figure shown for that municipality in any decennial census since 
(and including) the 1940 decennial census.
    (c) Contraction of municipal boundaries will not alter the size of 
commercial zones.

[32 FR 20040, Dec. 20, 1967, as amended at 37 FR 15701, Aug. 4, 1972; 50 
FR 10233, Mar. 14, 1985; 62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.245  New Mexico Commercial Zone.

    (a) Transportation within a zone comprised of Dona Ana and Luna 
Counties, NM, by motor carriers of property, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for 
shipment to or from points beyond such zone is partially exempt from 
regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1).
    (b) To the extent that commercial zones of municipalities within the 
two counties (as determined under Sec.  372.241) extend beyond the 
boundaries of this two county zone, the areas of such commercial zones 
shall be considered to be part of the zone and partially exempted from 
regulation under 49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1).

[81 FR 9121, Feb. 24, 2016]



Sec.  372.247  City of El Paso, TX.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of El Paso, TX, within 
which transportation of passengers or property by motor carriers in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond such zone, is partially exempt from regulation under 49 U.S.C. 
13506(b)(1), includes and is comprised of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of the City of El Paso, TX;
    (b) All municipalities which are contiguous to the City of El Paso;
    (c) All of any other municipalities and all unincorporated areas 
within the United States which are adjacent to the City of El Paso as 
follows:
    (1) Within 15 miles of the corporate limits of the City of El Paso; 
or
    (2) Within 15 miles of the corporate limits of the City of San 
Elizario, TX; and
    (d) All municipalities wholly surrounded, or so surrounded except 
for a water boundary, by the City of El Paso, by any municipality 
contiguous thereto, or by any municipality adjacent thereto which is 
included in the commercial zone of the City of El Paso under the 
provisions of paragraph (c) of this section.

[81 FR 9121, Feb. 24, 2016]



                        Subpart C_Terminal Areas

    Source: 32 FR 20049, Dec. 20, 1967, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996.

[[Page 93]]



Sec.  372.300  Distances and population data.

    In the application of this subpart, distances and population data 
shall be determined in the same manner as provided in 49 CFR 372.243. 
See also definitions in 49 CFR 372.239.

[62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.301  Terminal areas of motor carriers and freight forwarders
at municipalities served.

    The terminal area within the meaning of 49 U.S.C. 13503 of any motor 
carrier of property or freight forwarder subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle 
IV, part B at any municipality authorized to be served by such motor 
carrier of property or motor carrier of passengers in the transportation 
of express or freight forwarder, within which transportation by motor 
carrier in the performance of transfer, collection, or delivery services 
may be performed by, or for, such motor carrier of property or freight 
forwarder without compliance with the provisions of 49 U.S.C. subtitle 
IV, part B consists of and includes all points or places which are:
    (a) Within the commercial zone, as defined by the Secretary, of that 
municipality, and
    (b) Not beyond the limits of the operating authority of such motor 
carrier of property or freight forwarder.

[62 FR 15422, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  372.303  Terminal areas of motor carriers and freight forwarders
at unincorporated communities served.

    The terminal areas within the meaning of 49 U.S.C. 13503 of any 
motor carrier of property or freight forwarder subject to 49 U.S.C. 
subtitle IV, part B, at any unincorporated community having a post 
office of the same name which is authorized to be served by such motor 
carrier of property or motor carrier of passengers in the transportation 
of express or freight forwarder, within which transportation by motor 
vehicle in the performance of transfer, collection, or delivery services 
may be performed by, or for, such motor carrier of property or freight 
forwarder without compliance with the provisions of 49 U.S.C. subtitle 
IV, part B, consists of:
    (a) All points in the United States which are located within the 
limits of the operating authority of the motor carrier of property or 
freight forwarder involved, and within 3 miles of the post office at 
such authorized unincorporated point if it has a population less than 
2,500, within 4 miles if it has a population of 2,500 but less than 
25,000, or within 6 miles if it has a population of 25,000 or more;
    (b) All of any municipality any part of which is included under 
paragraph (a) of this section; and
    (c) Any municipality wholly surrounded by any municipality included 
under paragraph (b) of this section, or so wholly surrounded except for 
a water boundary.

[32 FR 20049, Dec. 20, 1967, as amended at 41 FR 56655, Dec. 29, 1976; 
51 FR 44297, Dec. 9, 1986; 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997]



              Sec. Appendix A to Part 372--Commercial Zones

    ``Note: The text of these definitions is identical to the text of 49 
CFR Part 1048, revised as of October 1, 1975, which is no longer in 
print.''

                            Commercial Zones

Sec.
1 New York, N.Y.
2 Chicago, Ill.
3 St. Louis, Mo.-East St. Louis, Ill.
4 Washington, D.C.
5 Los Angeles, Calif., and contiguous and adjacent municipalities.
6 Philadelphia, Pa.
7 Cincinnati, Ohio
8 Kansas City, Mo.-Kansas City, Kans.
9 Boston, Mass.
10 Davenport, Iowa; Rock Island and Moline, Ill.
11 Commercial zones of municipalities in New Jersey within 5 miles of 
          New York, N.Y.
12 Commercial zones of municipalities in Westchester and Nassau 
          Counties, N.Y.
13 Tucson, Ariz.
14 Albuquerque, N. Mex.
18 Ravenswood, W. Va.
19 Lake Charles, La.
20 Syracuse, N.Y.
21 Baltimore, Md.
22 Cleveland, Ohio.
23 Detroit, Mich.
24 Seattle, Wash.
25 Albany, N.Y.
26 Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.
27 New Orleans, La.
28 Pittsburgh, Pa.
29 Portland, Oreg.

[[Page 94]]

30 Vancouver, Wash.
31 Charleston, S.C.
32 Charleston, W. Va.
33 Memphis, Tenn.
34 Houston, Tex.
35 Pueblo, Colo.
36 Warren, Ohio
37 Louisville, Ky.
38 Sioux City, Iowa.
39 Beaumont, Tex.
40 Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tenn.
41 Consolidated City of Indianapolis, Ind.
42 Lexington-Fayette Urban County, Ky.
43 Definitions.
44 Commercial zones determined generally, with exceptions.
45 Controlling distances and population data.

                        Section 1 New York, N.Y.

    (a) The application of Sec.  372.241 Commercial Zones determined 
generally, with exceptions, is hereby extended to New York, N.Y.
    (b) The exemption provided by section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act, of transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or 
foreign commerce, performed wholly within the zone the limits of which 
are defined in paragraph (a) of this section, is hereby removed as to 
all such transportation except:
    (1) Transportation which is performed wholly within the following 
territory: The area within the corporate limits of the cities of New 
York, Yonkers, Mount Vernon, North Pelham, Pelham, Pelham Manor, Great 
Neck Estates, Floral Park, and Valley Stream, N.Y., and Englewood, N.J.; 
the area within the borough limits of Alpine, Tenafly, Englewood Cliffs, 
Leonia, Fort Lee, Edgewater, Cliffside Park, Fairview, Palisades Park, 
and Ridgefield, Bergen County, N.J.; and that part of Hudson County, 
N.J., east of Newark Bay and the Hackensack River;
    (2) Transportation which is performed in respect of a shipment which 
has had a prior, or will have a subsequent movement by water carrier, 
and which is performed wholly between points named in subparagraph (1) 
of this paragraph, on the one hand, and, on the other, those points in 
Newark and Elizabeth, N.J., identified as follows: All points in that 
area within the corporate limits of the cities of Newark and Elizabeth, 
N.J., west of Newark Bay and bounded on the south by the main line of 
the Central Railroad of New Jersey, on the west by the Newark & 
Elizabeth Branch of the Central Railroad Company of New Jersey, and on 
the north by the property line of the Penn Central Transportation 
Company.
    (3) Transportation which is performed in respect of a shipment by 
rail carrier, and which is performed wholly between points named in 
subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, on the one hand, and, on the other,
    (a) Those portions of Kearny, N.J., within an area bounded on the 
north by the main line of the Jersey City Branch of the Penn Central 
Transportation Co., on the south and east by Fish House Road and 
Pennsylvania Avenue, and on the west by the property line of the Penn 
Central Transportation Co. Truck-Train Terminal.
    (b)(i) That portion of Newark, N.J., within an area bounded on the 
north by South Street and Delancey Street, on the east by Doremus 
Avenue, on the south by the freight right-of-way of the Penn Central 
Transportation Co. (Waverly Yard, Newark, N.J., to Greenville Piers, 
Jersey City, N.J., line), and on the west by the Penn Central 
Transportation Co.'s Hunter Street produce yard, and (ii) that portion 
of Newark, N.J., within an area bounded on the north by Poinier Street, 
on the east by Broad Steet, on the south by the passenger right-of-way 
of the Penn Central Transportation Co.'s main line and on the west by 
Frelinghuysen Avenue.
    (c) That portion of Port Reading, N.J., within an area bounded on 
the east by the Arthur Kill, on the south by the right-of-way of the 
Reading Co., on the west by Cliff Road, and on the north by Woodbridge-
Carteret Road, and
    (d) That portion of Elizabeth, N.J., within an area bounded by a 
line extending from Newark Bay westward along Trumbull Street to its 
intersection with Division Street; thence northward along Trumbull 
Street to its intersection with East North Avenue; thence eastward along 
East North Avenue to its intersection with the New Jersey Turnpike, 
thence along the New Jersey Turnpike to the Elizabeth Channel; thence 
easterly along the Elizabeth Channel to Newark Bay; thence along the 
western shore of Newark Bay to the point of beginning.

                          Sec. 2 Chicago, Ill.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Chicago, Ill., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    The area within the corporate limits of Chicago, Evanston, Oak Park, 
Cicero, Berwyn, River Forest, Willow Springs, Bridgeview, Hickory Hills, 
Worth, Homewood, and Lansing, Ill.; the area within the township limits 
of Niles, Maine, Leyden, Norwood Park, Proviso, Lyons, Riverside, 
Stickeny, Worth, Calumet, Bremen, and Thornton Townships, Cook County, 
Ill.; the area comprised of that part of Lemont Township, Cook County, 
and that part of Downers Grove Township, Du Page County, Ill.,

[[Page 95]]

bounded by a line beginning at the intersection of Archer Avenue and the 
southern corporate limits of WillowSprings, Ill., and extending in a 
southwesterly direction along Archer Avenue to its junction with Chicago 
Joliet Road (Sag Lemont Highway), thence in a westerly direction over 
Chicago Joliet Road to its junction with Walker Road, thence directly 
north along an imaginary line to the southern shoreline of the Chicago 
Sanitary and Ship Canal, thence in a northeasterly direction along said 
shoreline to the corporate limits of Willow Springs, including points on 
the indicated portions of the highways specified; the area within Burr 
Ridge, Du Page County, bounded by a line beginning at the intersection 
of County Line Road and Frontage Road, thence southwesterly along 
Frontage Road to its intersection with Garfield Street, thence northerly 
along Garfield Street to its junction with 74th Street, thence westerly 
along an imaginary line to the junction of 74th Street and Grant Street, 
thence southerly along Grant Street to its junction with 75th Street, 
thence westerly along 75th Street to its junction with Brush Hill Road, 
thence southerly along Brush Hill Road to its junction with Frontage 
Road, thence northeasterly along Frontage Road to its junction with 
County Line Road; and the area within the corporate limits of Hammond, 
Whiting, East Chicago, and Gary, Ind.

               Sec. 3 St. Louis, Mo.-East St. Louis, Ill.

    (a) The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of St. Louis, Mo.-
East St. Louis, Ill, within which transportation by motor vehicle in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management 
or arrangement for a continuous carriage to or from a point beyond the 
zone is partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows: (1) All points within the corporate limits of 
St. Louis, Mo.; (2) all points in St. Louis County, Mo., within a line 
drawn 0.5 mile south, west, and north of the following line: Beginning 
at the Jefferson Barracks Bridge across the Mississippi River and 
extending westerly along Missouri Highway 77 to its junction with U.S. 
Highway 61 Bypass, thence along U.S. Highway 61 Bypass to its junction 
with U.S. Highway 66, thence westerly along U.S. Highway 66 to its 
junction with Bowles Avenue, thence northerly along Bowles Avenue, 
actual or projected, to the Meramec River, thence easterly along the 
south bank of the Meramec River to a point directly south of the western 
boundary of Kirkwood, thence across the Meramec River to and along the 
western boundary of Kirkwood to Marshall Road, thence westerly along 
Marshall Road to its junction with Treecourt Avenue, thence northerly 
along Treecourt Avenue to its junction with Big Bend Road, thence 
easterly along Big Bend Road to the western boundry of Kirkwood, thence 
northerly along the western boundary of Kirkwood to its junction with 
Dougherty Ferry Road, thence westerly along Dougherty Ferry Road to its 
junction with Interstate Highway 244, thence northerly along 
InterstateHighway 244 to its junction with Manchester Road, thence 
easterly along Manchester Road to its junction with the northwest corner 
of Kirkwood, thence along the western and northern boundaries of 
Kirkwood to the western boundary of Huntleigh, Mo., thence along the 
western and northern boundaries of Huntleigh to its junction with 
Lindbergh Boulevard, thence northerly along Lindbergh Boulevard to its 
junction with Lackland Avenue, thence in a westerly direction along 
Lackland Avenue to its junction with the right-of-way of the proposed 
Circumferential Expressway (Interstate Highway 244), thence in a 
northerly direction along said right-of-way to its junction with the 
right-of-way of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, thence in 
an easterly direction along said right-of-way to its junction with 
Dorsett Road, thence in an easterly direction along Dorsett Road to its 
junction with Lindbergh Boulevard, thence in a northerly direction along 
Lindbergh Boulevard to its junction with St. Charles Rock Road, thence 
westerly along St. Charles Rock Road to its function with the Missouri 
River, thence northerly along the east shore of the Missouri River to 
its junction with the Norfolk and Western Railway Co. right-of-way, 
thence easterly along the southern boundary of the Norfolk and Western 
Railway Co. right-of-way to Lindbergh Boulevard, thence in an easterly 
direction along Lindbergh Boulevard to the western boundary of St. 
Ferdinand (Florissant), Mo., thence along the western, northern, and 
eastern boundaries of St. Ferdinand to junction Insterstate Highway 270, 
and thence along Interstate Highway 270 to the corporate limits of St. 
Louis (near Chain of Rocks Bridge); and (3) all points within the 
corporate limits of East St. Louis, Belleville, Granite City, Madison, 
Venice, Brooklyn, National City, Fairmont City, Washington Park, and 
Sauget, Ill.; that part of the village of Cahokia, Ill., bounded by 
Illinois Highway 3 on the east, First Avenue and Red House (Cargill) 
Road on the south and southwest, the east line of the right-of-way of 
the Alton and Southern Railroad on the west, and the corporate limits of 
Sauget, Ill., on the northwest and north; that part of Centerville, 
Ill., bounded by a line beginning at the junction of 26th Street and the 
corporate limit of East St. Louis, Ill., and extending northeasterly 
along 26th Street to its junction with BondAvenue, thence southeasterly 
along Bond Avenue to its junction with Owen Street, thence southwesterly 
along Owen Street to its junction

[[Page 96]]

with Church Road, thence southeasterly along Church Road to its junction 
with Illinois Avenue, thence southwesterly along Illinois Avenue to the 
southwesterly side of the right-of-way of the Illinois Central Railroad 
Co., thence along the southwesterly side of the right-of-way of the 
Illinois Central Railroad Co. to the corporate limits of East St. Louis, 
Ill, thence along the corporate limits of East St. Louis, Ill., to the 
point of beginning; and that area bounded by a line commencing at the 
intersection of the right-of-way of the Alton and Southern Railroad and 
the Madison, Ill., corporate limits near 19th Street, and extending east 
and south along said right-of-way to its intersection with the right-of-
way of Illinois Terminal Railroad Co., thence southwesterly along the 
Illinois Terminal Railroad Co. right-of-way to its intersection with 
Illinois Highway 203, thence northwesterly along said highway to its 
intersection with the Madison, Ill., corporate boundary near McCambridge 
Avenue, thence northerly along the Madison, Ill., corporate boundary to 
the point of beginning.
    (b) The exemption provided by section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act in respect of transportation by motor vehicle, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, between Belleville, Ill., on the one 
hand, and, on the other, any other point in the commercial zone, the 
limits of which are defined in paragraph (a) of this section, is hereby 
removed, and the said transportation is hereby subjected to all 
applicable provisions of the Interstate Commerce Act.

                         Sec. 4 Washington, DC.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Washington, DC, 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage to or from a point beyond the zone is partially 
exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act (49 U.S.A. 303(b)(8)) includes and it is comprised of all 
as follows:
    Beginning at the intersection of MacArthur Boulevard and Falls Road 
(Maryland Highway 189) and extending northeasterly along Falls Road to 
its junction with Scott Drive, thence west on Scott Drive to its 
junction with Viers Drive, thence west on Viers Drive to its junction 
with Glen Mill Road, thence northeast on Glen Mill Road to its junction 
with Maryland Highway 28, thence west on Maryland Highway 28 to its 
junction with Shady Grove Road, thence northeast on Shady Grove Road 
approximately 2.7 miles to Crabbs Branch, thence southeasterly along the 
course of Crabbs Branch to Rock Creek, thence southerly along the course 
of Rock Creek to Viers Mill Road (Maryland Highway 586), thence 
southeasterly along Viers Mill Road approximately 0.3 mile to its 
junction with Aspen Hill Road, thence northeasterly along Aspen Hill 
Road to its junction with Brookeville Road (Maryland Highway 97), thence 
southeasterly along Brookeville Road to its junction with Maryland 
Highway 183, thence northeasterly along Maryland Highway 183 to 
Colesville, Md., thence southeasterly along Beltsville Road to its 
junction with Powder Mill Road (Maryland Highway 212), thence easterly 
over Powder Mill Road to its junction with Montgomery Road, thence 
northeasterly along Montgomery Road, approximately 0.2 mile, to its 
junction with an unnumbered highway extending northeasterly to the north 
of Ammendale Normal Institute, thence along such unnumbered highway for 
a distance of about 2.2 miles to its junction somewhat north of Virginia 
Manor, Md., with an unnumbered highway extending easterly through 
Muirkirk, Md., thence along such unnumbered highway through Muirkirk to 
its junction, approximately 1.8 miles east of the Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad, with an unnumbered highway, thence southwesterly along such 
unnumbered highway for a distance of about 0.5 mile to its junction with 
an unnumbered highway, thence southeasterly along such unnumbered 
highway through Springfield and Hillmeade, Md., to its junction with 
Defense Highway (U.S. Highway 50), thence southwesterly along Defense 
Highway approximately 0.8 mile to its junction with Enterprise Road 
(Maryland Highway 556), thence southerly over Enterprise Road to its 
junction with Central Avenue (Maryland Highway 214), thence westerly 
over Central Avenue about 0.5 mile to its crossing of Western Branch, 
thence southerly down the course of Western Branch to Maryland Highway 
202, thence westerly approximately 0.3 mile along Maryland Highway 202 
to its junction with White House Road, thence southwesterly along White 
House Road to its junction with Maryland Highway 221, thence 
southeasterly along Maryland Highway 221 to its junction with Maryland 
Highway 4, thence westerly along Maryland Highway 4 to the boundary of 
Andrews Air Force Base, thence south and west along said boundary to 
Brandywine Road (Maryland Highway 5), thence northwesterly along 
Maryland Highway 5 to its junction with Maryland Highway 337, thence 
southwesterly along Maryland Highway 337 to its junction with Maryland 
Highway 224, thence southerly along Maryland Highway 224 to a point 
opposite the mouth of Broad Creek, thence due west across the Potomac 
River to the west bank thereof, thence southerly along the west bank of 
the Potomac River to Gunston Cove, thence up the course of Gunston Cove 
to Pohick Creek, thence up the course of Pohick Creek to Virginia 
Highway 611, thence southwesterly along Virginia Highway 611 to the 
Fairfax-Prince William County line, thence along

[[Page 97]]

said county line to Virginia Highway 123, thence northerly along 
Virginia Highway 123 to its junction with Virginia Highway 636, thence 
northeasterly along Virginia Highway 636 to its junction with Virginia 
Highway 638, thence northwesterly along Virginia Highway 638 to its 
junction with Virginia Highway 620, thence westerly along Virginia 
Highway 620 to its junction with Virginia Highway 655, thence 
northeasterly along Virginia Highway 655 to its junction with U.S. 
Highway 211, thence westerly along U.S. Highway 211 to its junction with 
Virginia Highway 608, thence northerly along Virginia Highway 608 to its 
junction with U.S. Highway 50, thence westerly along U.S. Highway 50 to 
the Fairfax-Loudoun County line, thence northeasterly along said county 
line to its intersection with Dulles International Airport, thence along 
the southern, western, and northern boundaries of said airport to the 
Fairfax-Loudoun County line (at or near Dulles Airport Access Road), 
thence northeasterly along said county line to its junction with 
Virginia Highway 7, thence southeasterly along Virginia Highway 7 to its 
junction with Virginia Highway 193, thence along Virginia Highway 193 to 
its junction with Scott Run Creek, thence northerly down the course of 
Scott Run Creek to the Potomac River, thence due north across the river 
to MacArthur Boulevard to its junction with Maryland Highway 189, the 
point of beginning.

 Sec. 5 Los Angeles, Calif., and contiguous and adjacent municipalities.

    (a) The exemption provided by section 203(b)(8) of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act to the extent it affects transportation by motor 
vehicle, in interstate or foreign commerce, performed wholly within Los 
Angeles, Calif., or wholly within any municipality contiguous or 
adjacent to Los Angeles, Calif., or wholly a part of Los Angeles, as 
defined in paragraph (b) of this section, or wholly within the zone 
adjacent to and commercially a part of the San Pedro, Wilmington, and 
Terminal Island Districts of Los Angeles and Long Beach, as defined in 
paragraph (c) of this section, or wholly within the zone of any 
independent municipality contiguous or adjacent to Los Angeles, as 
determined under Sec.  372.241, or otherwise, between any point in Los 
Angeles County, Calif., north of the line described below, on the one 
hand, and, on the other, any point in Los Angeles County, Calif., south 
thereof is hereby removed and the said transportation is hereby 
subjected to all the applicable provisions of the Interstate Commerce 
Act:
    Beginning at the Pacific Ocean, and extending easterly along the 
northern and eastern corporate limits of Manhattan Beach to the northern 
corporate limits of Redondo Beach, thence along the northern and eastern 
corporate limits of Redondo Beach to the intersection of Inglewood 
Avenue and Redondo Beach Boulevard, thence along Redondo Beach Boulevard 
to the corporate limits of Torrance, thence along the northwestern and 
eastern corporate limits of Torrance to 182d Street, thence along 182d 
Street, Walnut, and Main Streets to Alondra Boulevard, thence along 
Alondra Boulevard to its intersection with Dwight Avenue, thence 
southerly along Dwight Avenue and an imaginary straight line extending 
southward to Greenleaf Boulevard, thence eastward along Greenleaf 
Boulevard to the northwestern corner of the corporate limits of Long 
Beach, thence along the northern and eastern corporate limits of Long 
Beach to Artesia Boulevard, thence east on Artesia Boulevard to the Los 
Angeles-Orange County line.
    (b) For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of 
the Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a 
part of Los Angeles and contiguous municipalities (except the San Pedro, 
Wilmington, and Terminal Island districts of Los Angeles and Long Beach, 
Calif.), in which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or 
foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement 
for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the 
zone, will be partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) 
of the act, is hereby defined to includethe area of a line extending in 
a generally northwesterly and northerly direction from the intersection 
of Inglewood Avenue and Redondo Beach Boulevard along the eastern and 
northern corporate limits of Redondo Beach, Calif., to the eastern 
corporate limits of Manhattan Beach, Calif., thence along the eastern 
and northern corporate limits of Manhattan Beach to the Pacific Ocean, 
thence along the shoreline of the Pacific Ocean to the western corporate 
limits of Los Angeles at a point east of Topanga Canyon, and thence 
along the western corporate limits of Los Angeles to a point near Santa 
Susana Pass; south of a line extending in a generally easterly direction 
from a point near Santa Susana Pass along the northern corporate limits 
of Los Angeles to the eastern corporate limits of Burbank, Calif., 
thence along the eastern corporate limits of Burbank to the northern 
corporate limits of Glendale, Calif., and thence along the northern 
corporate limits of Glendale and Pasadena, Calif., to the northeastern 
corner of Pasadena; west of a line extending in a generally southerly 
and southwesterly direction from the northeastern corner of Pasadena 
along the eastern and a portion of the southern corporate limits of 
Pasadena to the eastern corporate limits of SanMarino, Calif., thence 
along the eastern corporate limits of San Marino and the eastern and a 
portion of the southern corporate limits of Alhambra,

[[Page 98]]

Calif., to the western corporate limits of Monterey Park, Calif., and 
the western corporate limits of Montebello, Calif., thence along the 
western corporate limits of Montebello, Calif., to the Rio Hondo, and 
the Los Angeles River to the northern corporate limits of Long Beach; 
and north of a line extending in a generally westerly direction from the 
Los Angeles River along the northern corporate limits of Long Beach and 
thence along Greenleaf Boulevard to its intersection with an imaginary 
straight line extending southward from Dwight Avenue, thence north on 
the imaginary straight line extending southward from Dwight Avenue, and 
thence northerly along Dwight Avenue to Alondra Boulevard, thence west 
along Alondra Boulevard, Main, Walnut, and 182d Streets to the eastern 
corporate limits of Torrance, thence along a portion of the eastern and 
the northwestern corporate limits of Torrance to Redondo Beach 
Boulevard, and thence along Redondo Beach Boulevard to Inglewood Avenue.
    (c) For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of 
the Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a 
part of the San Pedro, Wilmington, and Terminal Island districts of Los 
Angeles and Long Beach in which transportation by motor vehicle in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, 
or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, will be partially exempt from regulation under section 
203(b)(8) of the act, is hereby defined to include the area east of a 
line extending in a generally northerly and northwesterly direction from 
the Pacific Ocean along the western corporate limits of Los Angeles to 
258th Street, thence along 258th Street to the eastern corporate limits 
of Torrance, and thence along a portion of the eastern, and along the 
southern and western, corporate limits of Torrance to the northwestern 
corner of Torrance, south of a line extending in a generallyeasterly 
direction from the northwestern corner of Torrance along the 
northwestern and a portion of the eastern corporate limits of Torrance 
to 182d Street, thence along 182d, Walnut, Main, and Alondra Boulevard 
to its intersection with Dwight Avenue, thence southerly along Dwight 
Avenue and an imaginary straight line extending southward from Dwight 
Avenue to Greenleaf Boulevard and thence along Greenleaf Boulevard and 
the northern corporate limits of Long Beach to the northeastern corner 
of Long Beach; west of the eastern corporate limits of Long Beach; and 
north of the southern corporate limits of Long Beach and Los Angeles.

                        Sec. 6 Philadelphia, Pa.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Philadelphia, Pa., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    (a) The area within Pennsylvania included within the corporate 
limits of Philadelphia and Bensalem and Lower Southampton Townships in 
Bucks County; Conshohocken and West Conshohocken, Pa., and Lower 
Moreland, Abington, Cheltenham, Springfield, Whitemarsh, and Lower 
Merion Townships in Montgomery County; an area in Upper Dublin Township, 
Montgomery County, bounded by a line beginning at the intersection of 
Pennsylvania Avenue and Fort Washington Avenue and extending northeast 
along Fort Washington Avenue to its junction with Susquehanna Road, 
thence southeast along Susquehanna Road to its junctionwith the right-
of-way of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, thence southwest along the 
right-of-way of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company to Pennsylvania 
Avenue, thence northwest along Pennsylvania Avenue to its junction with 
Fort Washington Avenue, the point of beginning; Haverford Township in 
Delaware County; and an area in Delaware County south and east of a line 
extending southward from the intersection of the western and northern 
boundaries of Upper Darby Township along Darby Creek to Bishop Avenue, 
thence south along Bishop Avenue to Baltimore Pike, thence west along 
Baltimore Pike to Pennsylvania Highway 320, thence south along 
Pennsylvania Highway 320 to the corporate limits of Chester, thence 
along the northern corporate limit of Chester in a westerly direction to 
the eastern boundary of Upper Chichester Township, thence south to the 
southern boundary of said township along the eastern boundary thereof, 
and thence west along the southern boundary of said township to the 
Delaware State line, and thence south along the Delaware State line to 
the Delaware River, and
    (b) The area in New Jersey included in the corporate limits of 
Camden, Gloucester City, Woodlynne, Merchantville, and Palmyra Boroughs, 
and the area included in Pennsauken Township in Camden County.

                        Sec. 7 Cincinnati, Ohio.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Cincinnati, Ohio, 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or

[[Page 99]]

foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement 
for a continuing carriage to or from a point beyond the zone is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 203(b)(8)), includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
Addyston, Ohio.
Cheviot, Ohio.
Cincinnati, Ohio.
Cleves, Ohio.
Elmwood Place, Ohio.
Fairfax, Ohio.
Mariemont, Ohio.
North Bend, Ohio.
Norwood, Ohio.
St. Bernard, Ohio.
Covington, Ky.
Newport, Ky.
Cold Spring, Ky.
    That part of Ohio bounded by a line commencing at the intersection 
of the Colerain-Springfield Township line and corporate limits of 
Cincinnati, Ohio, and extending along said township line in a northerly 
direction to its intersection with the Butler-Hamilton County line, 
thence in an easterly direction along said county line to its 
intersection with Ohio Highway 4, thence in a northerly direction along 
Ohio Highway 4 to its intersection with Seward Road, thence in a 
northerly direction along said road to its intersection with Port Union 
Road, thence east along Port Union Road to the Fairfield Township-Union 
Township line, thence northward along said township line to its 
intersection with the right-of-way of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., 
thence southeasterly along the right-of-way of the Pennsylvania 
RailroadCo. to its intersection with Princeton-Glendale Road (Ohio 
Highway 747), thence southward along said road to its intersection with 
Mulhauser Road, thence in an easterly direction along said road to the 
terminus thereof west of the tracks of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., 
thence continue in an easterly direction in a straight line to Allen 
Road, thence along the latter to the junction thereof with Cincinnati-
Dayton Road, thence in a southerly direction along Cincinnati-Dayton 
Road, to the Butler, Hamilton County line, thence along said county line 
to the Warren-Hamilton County line in an easterly direction to the 
Symmes-Sycamore Township line, thence in a southerly direction along the 
Symmes-Sycamore Township line to its intersection with the Columbia 
Township line, thence in a westerly direction along Sycamore-Columbia 
Township line to Madeira Township, thence in a clockwise direction 
around the boundary of Madeira Township to the Sycamore-Columbia 
Township line, thence in a westerly direction along said township line 
to Silverton Township, thence in a southerly direction along said 
corporate limits to junction with Redbank Road, thence in a southerly 
direction over Redbank Road to the Cincinnati Corporate limits.
    That part of Kenton County, Ky., lying on and north of a line 
commencing at the intersection of the Kenton-Boone County line and Dixie 
Highway (U.S. Highways 25 and 42), and extending over said highway to 
the corporate limits of Covington, Ky., including communities on the 
described line.
    That part of Campbell County, Ky., lying on and north of a line 
commencing at the southern corporate limits of Newport, Ky., and 
extending along Licking Pike (Kentucky Highway 9) to junction with Johns 
Hill Road, thence along Johns Hill Road to junction with Alexandria Pike 
(U.S. Highway 27), thence northward along Alexandria Pike to junction 
with River Road (Kentucky Highway 445), thence over the latter to the 
Ohio River, including communities on the described line.
    That part of Boone County, Ky., bounded by a line beginning at the 
Boone-Kenton County line west of Erlanger, Ky., and extending in a 
northwesterly direction along Donaldson Highway to its intersection with 
Zig-Zag Road, thence along Zig-Zag Road to its intersection with 
Kentucky Highway 18, thence along Kentucky Highway 18 to its 
intersection with Kentucky Highway 237, thence along Kentucky Highway 
237 to its intersection with Kentucky Highway 20, and thence easterly 
along Kentucky Highway 20 to the Boone-Kenton County line.
    That part of Boone and Kenton Counties, Ky., bounded by a line 
commencing at the intersection of the Boone-Kenton County line and U.S. 
Highway 42, and extending in a southwesterly direction along U.S. 
Highway 42 to its junction with Gunpowder Road, thence southerly along 
Gunpowder Road to its junction with Sunnybrook Road, thence easterly 
along Sunnybrook Road to its junction with Interstate Highway 75, thence 
in a straight line in a northeasterly direction to Richardson Road, 
thence in an easterly direction over Richardson Road to its junction 
with Kentucky State Route 1303, thence in a northerly direction over 
Kentucky State Route 1303 to the southern boundary of Edgewood, Kenton 
County, Ky.

               Sec. 8 Kansas City, Mo.-Kansas City, Kans.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Kansas City, Mo.-
Kansas City, Kans., within which transportation by motor vehicle, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, 
or arrangement for a continuing carriage to or from a point beyond the 
zone is partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    Beginning on the north side of the Missouri River at the western 
boundary line of Parkville, Mo., thence along the western and northern 
boundaries of Parkville to the Kansas City, Mo., corporate limits, 
thence along the western, northern, and eastern corporate limits of 
Kansas City, Mo., to its junction with U.S. Bypass 71 (near Liberty, 
Mo.), thence along U.S. Bypass 71 to Liberty,

[[Page 100]]

thence along the northern and eastern boundaries of Liberty to its 
junction with U.S. Bypass 71 south of Liberty, thence south along U.S. 
Bypass71 to its junction with the Independence, Mo., corporate limits, 
thence along the eastern Independence, Mo., corporate limits to its 
junction with Interstate Highway 70, thence along Interstate Highway 70 
to its junction with the Blue Springs, Mo., corporate limits, thence 
along the western, northern, and eastern corporate limits of Blue 
Springs, Mo., to its junction with U.S. Highway 40, thence east along 
U.S. Highway 40 to its junction with Brizen-Dine Road, thence south 
along the southerly extension of Brizen-Dine Road to its junction with 
Missouri Highway AA, thence along Missouri Highway AA to its junction 
with the Blue Springs, Mo., corporate limits, thence along the southern 
and western corporate limits of Blue Springs, Mo., to its junction with 
U.S. Highway 40, thence west along U.S. Highway 40 to its junction with 
the Lee's Summit, Mo., corporate limits.
    Thence along the eastern Lee's Summit corporate limits to the 
Jackson-Cass County line, thence west along Jackson-Cass County line to 
the eastern corporate limits of Belton, Mo., thence along the eastern, 
southern, and western corporate limits of Belton to the western boundary 
of Richards-Gebaur Air Force Base, thence along the western boundary of 
said Air Force Base to Missouri Highway 150, thence west along Missouri 
Highway 150 to the Kansas-Missouri State line, thence north along the 
Kansas-Missouri State line, to 110th Street, thence west along 110th 
Street to its junction with U.S. Highway69, thence north along U.S. 
Highway 69 to its junction with 103d Street, thence west along 103d 
Street to its junction with Quivera Road (the corporate boundary of 
Lenexa, Kans.), thence along the eastern and southern boundaries of 
Lenexa to Black Bob Road, thence south along Black Bob Road to 119th 
Street, thence east along 119th Street to the corporate limits of 
Olathe, Kans., thence south and east along the Olathe corporate limits 
to Schlagel Road, thence south along Schlagel Road to Olathe Morse Road, 
thence west along Olathe Morse Road to the northeast corner of Johnson 
County Airportr, thence south, west, and north along the boundaries of 
said airport to Pflumm Road, thence north along Pflumm Road to its 
junction with Olathe Martin City Road, thence west along Olathe Martin 
City Road to its junction with Murden Road, thence south along Murden 
Road to its junction with Olathe Morse Road (the corporate boundary of 
Olathe, Kans.), thence west and north along said corporate boundary to 
its intersection with U.S. Highway 56, thence southwest along U.S. 
Highway 56 to its junction with 159th Street.
    Thence west along 159th Street to its junction with the Johnson 
County Industrial Airport, thence south, west, north and east along the 
boundaries of said airport to the point of beginning, on 159th Street, 
thence, east along 159th Street to its junction with U.S. Highway 56, 
thence northeast along U.S. Highway 56 to its junction with Parker Road, 
thence north along Parker Road to the northern boundary of Olathe, 
thence east and north along the northern corporate limits of Olathe to 
Pickering Road, thence north along PickeringRoad to 107th Street (the 
corporate boundary of Lenexa, Kans.), thence along the western and 
northern boundaries of Lenexa to Pflumm Road, thence north along Pflumm 
Road to its junction with Kansas Highway 10, thence along Kansas Highway 
10 to its junction with Kansas Highway 7, thence along an imaginary line 
due west across the Kansas River to the Wyandotte County-Leavenworth 
County line (142d Street) at Loring, Kans., thence westerly along County 
Route No. 82, a distance of three-fourths of a mile to the entrance of 
the facilities at Mid-Continent Underground Storage, Loring, thence from 
Loring in a northerly direction along Loring Lane and Lindwood Avenue to 
the southern boundary of Bonner Springs, Kans.
    Thence along the southern, western, and northern boundaries of 
Bonner Springs to its intersection with Kansas Highway 7, thence 
southeast along Kansas Highway 7 to its junction with Kansas Highway 32, 
thence east on Kansas Highway 32 to the corporate boundary of Kansas 
City, Kans., thence north, west, and east along the corporate boundaries 
of Kansas City, Kans., to its junction with Cernech Road and Pomeroy 
Drive, thence northwesterly along Pomeroy Drive to its junction with 
79th Street, thence along 79th Street to its junction with Walcotte 
Drive at Pomeroy, Kans., thence due west 1.3 miles to its junction with 
an unnamed road, thence north along such unnamed road to the entrance of 
Powell Port facility, thence due north to the southern bank of the 
Missouri River, thence east along the southern bank of Missouri River to 
a point directly across from the western boundary of Parkville, Mo., 
thence across the Missouri River to the point of beginning.

                          Sec. 9 Boston, Mass.

    For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a part of 
Boston, Mass., and contiguous municipalities in which transportation by 
motor vehicle in interstate or foreign commerce, not under a common 
control, management, or arrangement for a continuous carriage or 
shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, will be partially exempt 
under section 203(b)(8) of the act from regulation, is hereby defined to 
include the following:

[[Page 101]]

Boston, Mass.
Winthrop, Mass.
Chelsea, Mass.
Revere, Mass.
Everett, Mass.
Malden, Mass.
Medford, Mass.
Somerville, Mass.
Cambridge, Mass.
Watertown, Mass.
Brookline, Mass.
Newton, Mass.
Needham, Mass.
Dedham, Mass.
Milton, Mass.
Quincy, Mass.

          Sec. 10 Davenport, Iowa; Rock Island and Moline, Ill.

    For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the zones adjacent to and commercially a part 
of Davenport, Iowa, Rock Island and Moline, Ill., in which 
transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign commerce, not 
under a common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous 
carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such municipalities or 
zones, will be partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) 
of the act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8) are hereby determined to be coextensive 
and to include and to be comprised of the following:
    (a) All points within the corporate limits of the city of Davenport 
and the city of Bettendorf, and in Davenport Township, Iowa.
    (b) All points north of Davenport Township within that portion of 
Sheridan Township, Iowa, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the 
points where U.S. Highway 61 crosses the Davenport-Sheridan Township 
line and extending northward along U.S. Highway 61 to the right-of-way 
of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co., thence 
northwesterly along said right-of-way to its junction with the first 
east-west unnumbered highway, thence westerly approximately 0.25 mile to 
its junction with a north-south unnumbered highway, thence southerly 
along such unnumbered highway to the northeast corner of Mount Joy 
Airport, thence along the northern and western boundaries of said 
airport to the southwestern corner thereof, and thence south in a 
straight line to the northern boundary of Davenport Township.
    (c)(1) That part of Iowa lying west of the municipal limits of 
Davenport south of Iowa Highway 22, north of the Mississippi River and 
east of the present western boundary of the Dewey Portland Cement Co., 
at Linwood, including points on such boundaries, and (2) that part of 
Iowa east of the municipal limits of Bettendorf, south of U.S. Highway 
67, west of a private road running between U.S. Highway 67 and Riverside 
Power Plant of the Iowa-Illinois Gas & Electric Co., and north of the 
Mississippi River, including points on such boundaries.
    (d) The municipalities of Carbon Cliff, Silvis, East Moline, Moline, 
Rock Island, and Milan, Ill., and that part of Illinois lying south or 
east of such municipalities, within a line as follows: Beginning at a 
point where Illinois Highway 84 crosses the southern municipal limits of 
Carbon Cliff and extending southerly along such highway to its junction 
with Colona Road, thence westerly along Colona Road to Bowlesburg Road, 
thence southerly on Bowlesburg Road to the southern boundary of Hampton 
Township, thence along the southern boundaries of Hampton and South 
Moline Townships to U.S. Highway 150, thence southerly along U.S. 
Highway 150 to the southern boundary of the Moline Airport, thence along 
the southern and western boundaries of the Moline Airport to Illinois 
Highway 92, and thence along Illinois Highway 92 to the corporate limits 
of Milan.
    (e) All points in Illinois within one-half mile on each side of Rock 
Island County State Aid Route No. 9 extending southwesterly from the 
corporate limits of Milan for a distance of 1 mile, including points on 
such highway.

Sec. 11 Commercial zones of municipalities in New Jersey within 5 miles 
                            of New York, N.Y.

    (a) The application of Sec.  372.241 is hereby extended to each 
municipality in New Jersey, any part of which is within 5 miles of the 
corporate limits of New York, N.Y.
    (b) The exemption provided by section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act, of transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or 
foreign commerce, performed wholly within any commercial zone, the 
limits of which are defined in paragraph (a) of this section, is hereby 
removed as to all such transportation except (1) transportation which is 
performed wholly between any two points in New Jersey, or (2) 
transportation which is performed wholly between points in New Jersey 
named in Sec.  372.201, on the one hand, and, on the other, points in 
New York named in Sec.  372.201.

  Sec. 12 Commercial zones of municipalities in Westchester and Nassau 
                             Counties, N.Y.

    (a) The application of Sec.  372.241 is hereby extended to each 
municipality in Westchester or Nassau Counties, N.Y.
    (b) The exemption provided by section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act, of transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or 
foreign commerce, performed wholly within any commercial zone, the 
limits of which are defined in paragraph (a) of this section, is hereby 
removed as to all such transportation except (1) transportation which is 
performed wholly between points in New York neither of which is New York 
City, NY, or (2) transportation which is performed wholly between points 
in Westchester or Nassau County named in Sec.  372.201, on the one hand, 
and, on the other, New York City, N.Y., or points in New Jersey named in 
Sec.  372.201.

[[Page 102]]

                          Sec. 13 Tucson, Ariz.

    That zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Tucson, Ariz., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, is 
partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act 
(49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulation, includes, and is comprised of, 
all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Tucson, Ariz., itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 5 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Tucson, Ariz.
    (c) All points in that area south of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the 
point where the line described in paragraph (b) of this section, 
intersects Wilmot Road, thence south along Wilmot Road to junction 
Nogales Old Vail Connection, thence west along Nogales Old Vail 
Connection, actual or extended, to the Santa Cruz River, thence north 
along the east bank of the Santa Cruz River to its joinder with the line 
described in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the city of Tucson or by any 
municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this section.

                      Sec. 14 Albuquerque, N. Mex.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Albuquerque, N. 
Mex., within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or 
foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement 
for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the 
zone, is partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), from regulation, includes, and is 
comprised of, all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Albuquerque, N. Mex., itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 5 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Albuquerque, N. Mex.
    (c) All points in that area north of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the 
intersection of the line described in paragraph (b) of this section and 
New Mexico Highway 528, extending in a northeasterly direction along New 
Mexico Highway 528 to its intersection with New Mexico Highway 44, 
thence easterly along New Mexico Highway 44 to its intersection with New 
Mexico Highway 422, thence southerly along New Mexico Highway 422 to its 
intersection with the line described in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section;
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the city of Albuquerque, N. Mex., or by 
any municipality included under the terms of paragraph (b) of this 
section.

                       Sec. 18 Ravenswood, W. Va.

    That zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Ravenswood, W. Va., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, is 
partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act 
(49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), from regulation, includes, and is comprised of, 
all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Ravenswood, W. Va., itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 3 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Ravenswood, W. Va., and
    (c) All points in West Virginia in that area south and southwest of 
those described in paragraph (b) of this section, bounded by a line as 
follows: Beginning at the point where the Ohio River meets the line 
described in paragraph (b) of this section southwest of Ravenswood, 
thence southerly along the east bank of the Ohio River to the point 
where the mouth of the Lick Run River empties into the Ohio River; 
thence in a northeasterly direction along the northern bank of the Lick 
Run River to the point where it crosses West Virginia Highway 2 south of 
Ripley Landing, W. Va.; thence in a northerly direction along West 
Virginia Highway 2 to its intersection with the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section west of Pleasant View, W. Va.

                        Sec. 19 Lake Charles, La.

    That zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Lake Charles, La., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, is 
partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act 
(49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), from regulation, includes, and is comprised of, 
all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Lake Charles La., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 4 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Lake Charles, La.;

[[Page 103]]

    (c) All points in that area south and west of the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section, bounded by a line, as follows: beginning 
at the point where the line described in paragraph (b) of this section 
intersects Louisiana Highway 385; thence south along Louisiana Highway 
385 to its intersection with the Calcasieu-Cameron Parish line; thence 
west along the Calcasieu-Cameron Parish line to its intersection with 
Louisiana Highway 27; thence northerly along Louisiana Highway 27 to a 
point thereon 2 miles south of U.S. Highway 90; thence east along a line 
parallel to U.S. Highway 90 to Louisiana Highway 108; thence north along 
Louisiana Highway 108 to junction U.S. Highway 90; thence east along 
U.S. Highway 90 to the intersection thereof with the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section;
    (d) All of the municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section; and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the City of Lake Charles or by any 
municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this section.

                         Sec. 20 Syracuse, N.Y.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Syracuse, N.Y., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuing carriage to or from a point beyond the zone is partially 
exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), includes and is comprised of all 
points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Syracuse, NY., itself;
    (b) All other municipalities and unincorporated areas within 5 miles 
of the corporate limits of Syracuse, N.Y., and all of any other 
municipality any part of which lies within 5 miles of such corporate 
limits;
    (c) Those points in the town of Geddes, Onondaga County, N.Y., which 
are not within 5 miles of the corporate limits of Syracuse, N.Y.;
    (d) Those points in the towns of Van Buren and Lysander, Onondaga 
County, N.Y., not within 5 miles of the corporate limits of Syracuse, 
N.Y., and within an area bounded by a line beginning at the intersection 
of Van Buren Road with the line described in (b) above, thence 
northwesterly along Van Buren Road to its intersection with the cleared 
right-of-way of Niagara Mohawk Power Company, thence northwesterly and 
north along said right-of-way to its intersection between Church Road 
and Emerick Road, with the cleared right-of-way of New York State Power 
Authority, thence easterly along said clearedright-of-way to its 
intersection with the Seneca River, thence south along the Seneca River 
to its intersection, near Gaskin Road, with the cleared right-of-way of 
Niagara Mohawk Power Company, thence southwesterly along said cleared 
right-of-way to its intersection with the eastern limits of the Village 
of Baldwinsville, thence south along such Village limits to their 
intersection with a line of railroad presently operated by the Erie-
Lackawanna Railroad Company, thence southeasterly along said line of 
railroad to its intersection with the Van-Buren Lysander Town line, 
thence southeasterly along the Van-Buren Lysander Town line to its 
intersection with the Van-Buren Geddes Town line, thence southeasterly 
along the Van-Buren Geddes Town line to the line described in (b) above.

                         Sec. 21 Baltimore, Md.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Baltimore, Md., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage to or from a point beyond the zone is partially 
exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and it is comprised of all 
as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Baltimore itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 5 miles beyond the boundaries of 
Baltimore;
    (c) All points in that area east of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the point 
where the line described in paragraph (b) of this section crosses Dark 
Head Creek and extending in a southeasterly direction along the center 
of Dark Head Creek and beyond to a point off Wilson Point, thence in a 
northeasterly direction to and along the center of Frog Mortar Creek to 
Stevens Road, thence northerly along Stevens Road to Eastern Avenue, 
thence easterly along Eastern Avenue to Bengies Road, thence 
northwesterly along Bengies Road, to the right-of-way of the Penn 
Central Transportation Co., thence westerly along such right-of-way to 
the junction thereof with the line described in paragraph (b) of this 
section;
    (d) All points in that area south of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section, bounded on the west by the right-of-way of the line 
of the Penn Central Transportation Co., extending between Stony Run and 
Severn, Md., and on the south by that part of Maryland Highway 176, 
extending easterly from the said railroad to its junction with the line 
described in paragraph (b) of this section;
    (e) All points in that area southwest of the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning

[[Page 104]]

at the point where the line described in paragraph (b) of this section 
crosses the Baltimore-Washington Expressway and extending in a 
southwesterly direction along the Baltimore-Washington Expressway to its 
intersection with Maryland Highway 176, thence westerly along Maryland 
Highway 176 to its intersection with the Howard-Anne Arundel County 
line, thence southwesterly along said county line to its intersection 
with Maryland Highway 32, thence northwesterly along Maryland Highway 32 
to its intersection with the Little Patuxent River, thence northerly 
along the Little Patuxent River to the intersection of its north fork 
and its east fork located approximately 1 mile north of the intersection 
of Maryland Highway 32 and Berger Road, thenceeasterly along the east 
fork of the Little Patuxent River to its intersection with Broken Land 
Parkway, thence southerly along Broken Land Parkway to its intersection 
with Snowden River Parkway, thence easterly along Snowden River Parkway, 
to its intersection with relocated Maryland Highway 175, thence 
southeasterly along relocated Maryland Highway 175, to its intersection 
with Lark Brown Road, thence northeasterly along Lark Brown Road to its 
intersection with Maryland Highway 175, thence southerly along Maryland 
Highway 175 to its intersection with Interstate Highway 95, thence 
northeasterly along Interstate Highway 95 to its intersection with the 
line described in paragraph (b) of this section;
    (f) All points in that area north of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the 
junction of the line described in paragraph (b) of this section and the 
Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway (Interstate Highway 83), thence 
northerly along Interstate Highway 83 to its junction with Shawan Road, 
thence easterly along Shawan Road to its junction with York Road 
(Maryland Highway 45) and continuing to a point 1,500 feet east of 
Maryland Highway 45, thence southerly along a line 1,500 feet east of 
the parallel to Maryland Highway 45 to its junction with the line 
described in paragraph (b) of this section;
    (g) All points in that area west of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the point 
where the line described in paragraph (b) of this section intersects 
U.S. Highway 40 west of Baltimore, Md., and extending in a westerly 
direction along U.S. Highway 40 to its intersection with St. John's 
Lane, thence southerly along St. John's Lane to its intersection with 
Maryland Highway 144, thence easterly along Maryland Highway 144 to its 
intersection with the line in paragraph (b) of this section;
    (h) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), and 
(g) of this section;
    (i) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or surrounded except 
for a water boundary, by the city of Baltimore or by any municipality 
included under the terms of (h) above.

                         Sec. 22 Cleveland, Ohio

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Cleveland, Ohio, 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage to or from a point beyond the zone is partially 
exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and it is comprised of all 
as follows:
    (a) All points in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, and
    (b) All points in Wickliffe, Willoughby Hills, Waite Hill, 
Willoughby, Willowick, Eastlake, Lakeline, Timberlake, and Mentor, Lake 
County, Ohio.

                         Sec. 23 Detroit, Mich.

    For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a part of 
Detroit, Mich., in which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate 
or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, will be partially exempt under section 203(b)(8) of the 
act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulation, is hereby determined to 
include, and to be comprised of, all that area within a line as follows:

    Beginning at a point on Lake St. Clair opposite the intersection of 
Fifteen Mile Road and Michigan Highway 29 and extending south and 
southwest along the shore of Lake St. Clair, to the Detroit River, 
thence along such River (east of Belle Isle) and Trenton Channel to a 
point opposite Sibley Road, thence west to and along Sibley Road to 
Waltz Road, thence north along Waltz Road to Wick Road, thence west 
along Wick Road to Cogswell Road, thence north along Cogswell Road to 
Van Born Road, thence east along Van Born Road to Newburgh Road, thence 
north along Newburgh Road to its junction with Halsted Road, thence 
north along Halsted Road to West Maple Road, thence east along West 
Maple Road to Telegraph Road, thence north along Telegraph Road to 
Sixteen Mile Road, thence east along Sixteen Mile Road to Utica Road, 
thence southeasterly along Utica Road to Fifteen Mile Road (also called 
East Maple Road), thence along Fifteen Mile Road and across Michigan 
Highway 29 to Lake St. Clair, the point of beginning.

[[Page 105]]

                         Sec. 24 Seattle, Wash.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Seattle, Wash., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for 
continuous carriage or shipments to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Seattle itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 5 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Seattle, except points on Bainbridge Island, Vashon Island, 
and Blake Island.
    (c) All points more than 5 miles beyond the municipal limits of 
Seattle (1) within a line as follows: Beginning at that point south of 
Seattle where the eastern shore of Puget Sound intersects the line 
described in paragraph (b) of this section, thence southerly along the 
eastern shore of Puget Sound to Southwest 192d Street, thence easterly 
along Southwest 192d Street to thepoint where it again intersects the 
line described in paragraph (b) of this section; and (2) within a line 
as follows: Beginning at the junction of the southern corporate limits 
of Kent, Wash., and Washington Highway 181, and extending south along 
Washington Highway 181 to the northern corporate limits of Auburn, 
Wash., thence along the western, southern, and eastern corporate limits 
of Auburn to the junction of the northern corporate limits of Auburn and 
Washington Highway 167, thence northerly along Washington Highway 167 to 
its junction with the southern corporate limits of Kent, Wash., 
including all points on the highways named.
    (d) All points more than 5 miles beyond the municipal limits of 
Seattle within a line as follows: Beginning at the junction of the 
northern corporate limits of Lynwood, Wash., and U.S. Highway 99, thence 
north along U.S. Highway 99 to its junction with Washington Highway 525, 
thence along Washington Highway 525 to its junction with West Casino 
Road, thence east along West Casino Road to the western boundary of the 
Everett facilities of the Boeing Co. at or near 4th Avenue West, thence 
along the western, northern and eastern boundaries of the facilities of 
the Boeing Co. to West Casino Road, thence east along West Casino Road 
to its junction with U.S. Highway 99, thence south along U.S. Highway 99 
to 112th Street, thence easterly along 112th Street to its junction with 
Interstate Highway 5, thence southerly along Interstate Highway 5 to its 
intersection with the present zone limits, including all points on the 
named routes.
    (e) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
set forth in (b) above.
    (f) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the city of Seattle or by any 
municipality included under the terms of (b) above.

                          Sec. 25 Albany, N.Y.

    For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a part of 
Albany, N.Y., in which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate or 
foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement 
for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the 
zone, will be partially exempt under section 203(b)(8) of the act (49 
U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulations, is hereby determined to include, and 
to be comprised of, the following:
    (a) The municipality of Albany itself,
    (b) All points within a line drawn 5 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Albany,
    (c) All points in that area more than 5 miles beyond the municipal 
limits of Albany bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at that point 
on Swatling Road (in the Town of Colonie) where it crosses the line 
described in (b) above and extending northerly along such road to the 
municipal limits of Cohoes, thence along the western and northern 
boundary of Cohoes to the Mohawk River, thence along such river to the 
northern boundary of the Town of Waterford, thence along the northern 
and eastern boundaries of the Town of Waterford to the northern boundary 
of the City of Troy (all of which city is included under the next 
following provision),
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in (b) and (c) above, and
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the municipality of Albany or by any 
other municipality included under the terms of (d) above.

                   Sec. 26 Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Minneapolis-St. 
Paul, Minn, within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate 
or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage to or from a point beyond the zone 
is partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and it is 
comprised of all as follows:

    Beginning at the intersection of Minnesota Highway 36 and the 
Minnesota River and extending along the Minnesota River to the southwest 
corner of the city of Bloomington, thence north along the western 
boundaries of the city of Bloomington and the village of Edina to the 
southern boundary of the city

[[Page 106]]

of Hopkins, thence along the southern, western, and northern boundaries 
of the city of Hopkins to the western boundary of the city of St. Louis 
Park, thence north along the western boundaries of the city of St. Louis 
Park and the village of Golden Valley to the southeast corner of the 
village of Plymouth, thence west along the southern boundary of Plymouth 
to Interstate Highway 494, thence north along Interstate Highway 494 to 
Minnesota Highway 55, thence southeast along Minnesota Highway 55 to the 
western boundary of the village of Golden Valley, thence north along the 
western boundaries of the villages of Golden Valley and New Hope to the 
northwestern corner of the village of New Hope, thence east along the 
northern boundary of the village of New Hope and the city of Crystal to 
the western boundary of the village of Brooklyn Center, thence north 
along the western boundary of the village of Brooklyn Center to its 
northern boundary, thence east along such northernboundary to the 
Hennepin County-Anoka County line, thence north along such county line 
to the northwestern corner of the village of Spring Lake Park in Anoka 
County, thence east along the northern boundary of the village of Spring 
Lake Park to the northwest corner of Mounds View Township in Ramsey 
County, thence east and south along the northern and eastern boundaries 
of Mounds View Township to the northwestern corner of the village of 
Little Canada, thence east and south along the northern and eastern 
boundaries of Little Canada to the northwest corner of the village of 
Maplewood, thence east and south along the northern and eastern 
boundaries of the village of Maplewood to the northeastern corner of the 
village of North St. Paul, thence south along the eastern boundary of 
the village of North St. Paul to the southeast corner of such village, 
thence south along the eastern boundary of the village of Maplewood to 
the northeastern corner of the village of Newport, thence south and west 
along the eastern and southern boundaries of the village of Newport to 
U.S. Highway 61, thence southeasterly along U.S. Highway 61, to the 
eastern boundary of the village of St. Paul Park, thence along the 
eastern, southern, and western boundaries of the village of St. Paul 
Park to a point on the Mississippi River opposite the southeast corner 
of the original village of Inver Grove, thence westerly across the river 
and along the southern and western boundaries of the original village of 
Inver Grove to the northwestcorner of such village, thence due north to 
the southern boundary of South St. Paul, thence north and west along the 
western and southern boundaries of South St. Paul to the southeastern 
corner of West St. Paul, thence west along the southern boundary of West 
St. Paul to County Highway 63, thence south along County Highway 63 to 
its junction with County Highway 63A, thence west along County Highway 
63A to its junction with Minnesota Highway 49, thence north along 
Minnesota Highway 49 to its junction with County Highway 28, thence west 
along County Highway 28 to its junction with Minnesota Highway 13, 
thence southwest along Minnesota Highway 13 to its junction with 
Minnesota Highway 36, thence north and northwest along Minnesota Highway 
36 to the Minnesota River, the point of beginning.

                        Sec. 27 New Orleans, La.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of New Orleans, La., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), includes and is comprised 
of all points in the area bounded as follows:

    Commencing at a point on the shore of Lake Pontchartrain where it is 
crossed by the Jefferson Parish-Orleans Parish line; thence easterly 
along the shore of Lake Pontchartrain to the Rigolets; thence through 
the Rigolets in an easterly direction to Lake Borgne; thence 
southwesterly along the shore of Lake Borgne to the Bayou Bienvenue; 
thence in a general westerly direction along the Bayou Bienvenue (which 
also constitutes the Orleans Parish-St. Bernard Parish line) to Paris 
Road; thence in a southerly direction along Paris Road to the Back 
Protection Levee; thence in a southeasterly direction along the Back 
Protection Levee (across Lake Borgne Canal) to a point 1 mile north of 
Louisiana Highway 46; thence in an easterly direction 1 mile north of 
Louisiana Highway 46 to longitude 89[deg]50[min] W.; thence south along 
longitude line 89[deg]50[min] W. (crossing Louisiana Highway 46 
approximately three-eighths of a mile east of Toca) to Forty Arpent 
Canal; thence westerly, northwesterly, and southerly along Forty Arpent 
Canal to Scarsdale Canal; thence northwesterly along Scarsdale Canal and 
beyond it in the same direction to the middle of the Mississippi River; 
thence southerly along the middle of the Mississippi River to the 
Augusta Canal; thence in a westerly direction along the Augusta Canal to 
the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway; thence in a northerly direction along 
the middle of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (Harvey Canal) to the point 
where Lapalco Boulevard runs perpendicular to the Gulf Intracoastal 
Waterway (Harvey Canal); thence in a westerly direction along Lapalco 
Boulevard to its junction with Barataria Boulevard; thence north on 
Barartaria Boulevard to a point approximately 2 miles south of the 
MississippiRiver where a high tension transmission line

[[Page 107]]

crosses Barataria Boulevard; thence in a westerly direction following 
such transmission line to the intersection thereof with U.S. Highway 90; 
thence westerly along U.S. Highway 90 to the Jefferson Parish-St. 
Charles Parish line; thence north along such parish line to the middle 
of the Mississippi River; thence westerly along the middle of the 
Mississippi River to a point south of Almedia Road; thence north to 
Almedia Road; thence in a northerly direction along Almedia Road to its 
junction with Highway 61; thence north to the shore of Lake 
Pontchartrain; thence along the shore of Lake Pontchartrain in an 
easterly direction to the Jefferson Parish-Orleans Parish line, the 
point of beginning.

                         Sec. 28 Pittsburgh, Pa.

    For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a part of 
Pittsburgh, Pa., in which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate 
or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, will be partially exempt under section 203(b)(8) of the 
act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulation, is hereby determined to 
include, and to be comprised of, the following:

    (a) All points in Allegheny County, Pa., except Forward, Elizabeth, 
South Versailles, Marshall (including the Borough of Bradford Woods), 
Pine Richland, West Deer and Fawn Townships and that part of Frazer 
Township north of a line made by extending easterly in a straight line 
the southern boundary of West Deer Township.
    (b) Borough of Trafford situated in both Alleghency and Westmoreland 
Counties;
    (c) Borough of Ambridge and Harmony Township located in Beaver 
County; and
    (d) The City of New Kensington and Borough of Arnold in Westmoreland 
County.

                         Sec. 29 Portland, Oreg.

    For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a part of 
Portland, Oreg., in which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate 
or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, will be partially exempt under section 203(b)(8) of the 
act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulation, is hereby determined to 
include, and to be comprised of, the following:
    (a) The municipality itself.
    (b) All points in Oregon within a line drawn 5 miles beyond the 
corporate limits of Portland.
    (c) All of any municipality any part of which is within the line 
described in (b) above.
    (d) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the city of Portland or by any 
municipality included under the terms of (c) above.

                        Sec. 30 Vancouver, Wash.

    For the purpose of administration and enforcement of Part II of the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the zone adjacent to and commercially a part of 
Vancouver, Wash., in which transportation by motor vehicle in interstate 
or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, will be partially exempt under section 203(b)(8) of the 
act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulation, is hereby determined to 
include, and to be comprised of, the following:

    (a) The municipality itself.
    (b) All points in Washington within a line drawn 4 miles beyond the 
corporate limits of Vancouver.
    (c) All of any municipality any part of which is within the line 
described in (b) above.
    (d) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the City of Vancouver or by any 
municipality included under the terms of (c) above.

                        Sec. 31 Charleston, S.C.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Charleston, S.C., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone is 
partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act 
(49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), from regulation, includes and is comprised of, 
all points and places as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Charleston itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 4 miles beyond the boundaries of 
Charleston.
    (c) All points in that area north of the line described in paragraph 
(b) of this section, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the 
point where the line described in paragraph (b) of this section crosses 
Cooper River and extending in a northerly direction along the center of 
Cooper River to Goose Creek; thence north and west along the center of 
Goose Creek to the dam of the reservoir of the Charleston waterworks; 
thence northwesterly along the west bank of the Charleston waterworks 
reservoir for approximately one mile to an unnamed creek; thence 
westerly along the center of this unnamed creek for approximately one 
mile to U.S. Highway

[[Page 108]]

52; thence northerly along U.S. Highway 52 to junction South Carolina 
Highway S-10-75; thence westerly along South Carolina Highway S-10-75 
approximately one and one half miles to a point one quarter mile west of 
the track of the Southern Railway Company; thence southeasterly along a 
line one quarter of a mile west of, and parallel to, the track of the 
Southern Railway Company to the junction thereof with the line described 
in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
    (e) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the city of Charleston or by any 
municipality included under the terms of paragraph (d) of this section.

                       Sec. 32 Charleston, W. Va.

    That zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Charleston, W. Va., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, is 
partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act 
(49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), from regulation, includes, and is comprised of, 
all points and places as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Charleston, W. Va., itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 4 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Charleston, W. Va.
    (c) All points in that area northwest of those described in (b) 
above, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at a point on the line 
described in (b) above, one-half mile south of U.S. Highway 60 west of 
Charleston, thence westerly along a line one-half mile south of the 
junction of U.S. Highway 60 with West Virginia Highway 17 near 2\3/4\ 
Mile Creek, thence westerly along a line one-half mile south of and 
parallel to West Virginia Highway 17 to the Coal River, thence north 
along the center of the Coal River to West Virginia Highway 17, thence 
northerly along West Virginia Highway 17 to Scary Creek, near Scary, W. 
Va., thence east along Scary Creek to the center of the Kanawha River, 
thence northerly along the center of the Kanawha River to a point 
opposite the mouth of Blake Creek (between Nitro and Poca, W. Va.), 
thence easterly along a straight line drawn through the junction of U.S. 
Highway 35 and West Virginia Highway 25 to a point one-half mile beyond 
said junction, thence southerly along a line one-half mile northeast of 
and parallel to West Virginia Highway 25 to the junction of the line 
described in (b) above.
    (d) All points in that area southeast of those described in (b) 
above, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at a point on the line 
described in (b) above one-half mile south of the Kanawha River, thence 
easterly along a line one-half mile south of, and parallel to, the 
Kanawha River to junction with a straight line intersecting the highway 
bridge at Chelyan, W. Va., thence northerly along said straight line 
across the Kanawha River to a point one-half mile north of the Kanawha 
River, thence westerly along a line one-half mile north of and parallel 
to the Kanawha River to the junction of the line described in (b) above.
    (e) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas defined in (b), (c), and (d) above.

                         Sec. 33 Memphis, Tenn.

    That zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Memphis, Tenn., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, is 
partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act 
(49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulation, includes, and is comprised of, 
all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Memphis, Tenn., itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 5 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Memphis, Tenn.
    (c) All points in that part of Shelby County, Tenn., north of the 
line described in paragraph (b) of this section, bounded by a line as 
follows: Beginning at the intersection of the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section and U.S. Highway 51 north of Memphis, 
thence northeasterly along U.S. Highway 51 for approximately 3 miles to 
its intersection with Lucy Road, thence easterly along Lucy Road for 
approximately 1.4 miles to its intersection with Chase Road, thence 
northerly along Chase Road for approximately 0.6 mile to its 
intersection with Lucy Road thence easterly along Lucy Road for 
approximately 0.8 mile to its intersection with Main Road, thence 
southereasterly along Main Road approximately 0.3 mile to its 
intersection with Amherst Road, thence southerly and easterly along 
Amherst Road for approximately 0.8 mile to its intersection with 
Raleigh-Millington Road, thence southerly along Raleigh-Millington Road 
for approximately 2 miles to its intersection with the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section north of Memphis;
    (d) All of any municipality any part of which is within the limits 
of the combined areas described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this 
section.

[[Page 109]]

                          Sec. 34 Houston, Tex.

    The zone adjacent to, and commercially a part of Houston, Tex., and 
contiguous municipalities in which transportation by motor vehicle, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, will be partially exempt under section 203(b)(8) of the 
act from regulation, is hereby defined to include the area which would 
result by application of the general formula promulgated in Sec.  
372.241, and in addition thereto, the municipalities of Baytown, La 
Porte and Lomax, Tex.

                          Sec. 35 Pueblo, Colo.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Pueblo, Colo., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)), includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    (a) the municipality of Pueblo, Colo., itself;
    (b) All points within a line drawn 4 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Pueblo, Colo.:
    (c) All of the area known as the Pueblo Memorial Airport, consisting 
of about 3,500 acres, not within 4 miles of the corporate limits of 
Pueblo, Colo., and within an area located on the East of Pueblo, the 
nearest point being about 3.80 miles from the city limits of Pueblo, and 
bounded on the south by the tracks of the Santa Fe Railroad and the 
Missouri Pacific Railroad, and a public highway known as Baxter Road and 
designated as U.S. Highway 50 Bypass and Colorado Highway 96, with such 
property extending north, west, and east of the described southern base 
line.

                          Sec. 36 Warren, Ohio.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Warren, Ohio, within 
which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, is 
partially exempt, under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act 
(49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) from regulation includes, and is comprised of, all 
points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Warren, Ohio, itself.
    (b) All points within a line drawn 4 miles beyond the corporate 
limits of Warren, Ohio.
    (c) All points in that area, south of the line in paragraph (b) of 
this section, bounded by a line as follows: Beginning at the point where 
the line described in paragraph (b) of this section intersects 
Ellsworth-Baily Road, thence south along Ellsworth-Baily Road to the 
Ohio Turnpike, thence southeast along the Ohio Turnpike to New Hallock-
Young Road, thence northeast along New Hallock-Young Road to Hallock-
Young Road, thence east along Hallock-Young Road to junction Ohio 
Highway 45 (Salem-Warren Road), thence north along Ohio Highway 45 
(Salem-Warren Road) to its intersection with the line described in 
paragraph (b) of this section.

                         Sec. 37 Louisville, Ky.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Louisville, Ky., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    (a) The municipality of Louisville, Ky., itself;
    (b) All other municipalities and unincorporated areas within 5 miles 
of the corporate limits of Louisville, Ky., and all of any municipality 
any part of which lies within 5 miles of such corporate limits; and
    (c) Those points not within 5 miles of the corporate limits of 
Louisville, Ky., and within an area bounded by a line beginning at the 
junction of Kentucky Highway 146 (LaGrange Road) and Kentucky Highway 
1447 (Westport Road), thence over Kentucky Highway 146 to the junction 
of Kentucky Highway 146 and Kentucky Highway 841 (Jefferson Freeway), 
thence over Kentucky Highway 841 to the junction of Kentucky Highway 841 
and Kentucky Highway 1447, thence over Kentucky Highway 1447 to junction 
Kentucky Highway 1447 and Kentucky Highway 146, the point of beginning, 
all within Jefferson County, Ky.

                        Sec. 38 Sioux City, Iowa.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Sioux City, Iowa, 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    (a) The area which would result by application of the general 
formula promulgated in Sec.  372.241; and, in addition thereto,
    (b) That area bounded by a line beginning at the intersection of 
Interstate Highway 29

[[Page 110]]

and the line described in paragraph (a) of this section, and extending 
southeasterly along Interstate Highway 29 to its intersection with the 
Liberty-Lakeport Township, Iowa, line, thence westerly along the 
Liberty-Lakeport Township, Iowa, line to the Missouri River, thence 
northerly along the east bank of the Missouri River to its intersection 
with the line described in paragraph (a) of this section, thence along 
the line described in paragraph (a) of this section, to the point of 
beginning.

                         Sec. 39 Beaumont, Tex.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Beaumont, Tex., 
within which transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, not under a common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond such zone, is 
partially exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the 
Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and is comprised 
of all points as follows:
    (a) The areas which would result by application of the general 
formula promulgated in Sec.  372.241 for Beaumont, Tex.; and in addition 
thereto,
    (b) That area bounded by a line beginning at that point where the 
west bank of Hillebrandt Bayou intersects the line described in 
paragraph (a) of this section; thence along the west bank of Hillebrandt 
Bayou to its confluence with Taylors Bayou: thence in a southeasterly 
direction along the west and south banks of Taylors Bayou to its 
confluence with the Intracoastal Waterway; thence along the west and 
north banks of the Intra-coastal Waterway to its confluence with Sabine 
River and Sabine Lake at a point immediately east of Groves; thence in a 
northeasterly direction along the north and west banks of Sabine Lake 
and Sabine River to the Orange-Newton County line; thence westerly along 
said county line to the west right-of-way line of State Highway 87; 
thence southerly along the west right-of-way line of State Highway 87 to 
the north right-of-way line of Interstate Highway 10; thence westerly 
along the north right-of-way line of Interstate Highway 10 to 
intersection with the line described in paragraph (a) of this section; 
thence along the line described in paragraph (a) of this section, to the 
point of beginning.

Sec. 40 Metropolitian Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tenn.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of the Metropolitan 
Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tenn, within which 
transportation by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign commerce, not 
under a common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous 
carriage or shipment to or from a point beyond the zone, is partially 
exempt from regulation under section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate 
Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes and is comprised of all 
points as follows:
    (a) The Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County 
itself.
    (b) All of any municipality wholly surrounded, or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the Metropolitan Government of Nashville 
and Davidson County.

             Sec. 41 Consolidated City of Indianapolis, Ind.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of the Consolidated 
City of Indianapolis, Ind., within which transportation by motor 
vehicle, in interstate or foreign commerce, not under a common control, 
management, or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or 
from a point beyond the zone, is partially exempt from regulation under 
section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8) 
includes and is comprised of all points as follows:

    (a) The Consolidated City of Indianapolis, Ind., itself.
    (b) All of any municipality wholly surrounded or so surrounded 
except for a water boundary, by the Consolidated City of Indianapolis.

               Sec. 42 Lexington-Fayette Urban County, Ky.

    The zone adjacent to and commercially a part of Lexington-Fayette 
Urban County, Ky., within which transporation by motor vehicle, in 
interstate or foreign commerce, not under a common control, management, 
or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
beyond the zone, is partially exempt from regulation under section 
203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 303(b)(8)) includes 
and is comprised of all points as follows:

    (a) Lexington-Fayette Urban County, Ky., itself.
    (b) All other municipalities and unincorporated areas within 5 miles 
of the intersection of U.S. Highway 27 (Nicholasville Road) with the 
corporate boundary line between Jessamine County, Ky., and Lexington-
Fayette Urban County, Ky.

                          Sec. 43 Definitions.

    For the purposes of this part, the following terms are defined:
    (a) ``Municipality'' means any city, town, village, or borough which 
has been created by special legislative act or which has been, 
otherwise, individually incorporated or chartered pursuant to general 
State laws, or which is recognized as such, under the Constitution or by 
the laws of the State in which located, and which has a local 
government. It does not include a town of the township or New England 
type.

[[Page 111]]

    (b) ``Contiguous municipalities'' means municipalities, as defined 
in paragraph (a) of this section, which have at some point a common 
municipal or corporate boundary.
    (c) ``Unincorporated area'' means any area not within the corporate 
or municipal boundaries of any municipality as defined in paragraph (a) 
of this section.

     Sec. 44 Commercial zones determined generally, with exceptions.

    The commercial zone of each municipality in the United States, with 
the exceptions indicated in the note at the end of this section, within 
which the transportation of passengers or property, in interstate or 
foreign commerce, when not under a common control, management, or 
arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point 
without such zone, is exempt from all provisions of Part II, Interstate 
Commerce Act, except the provisions of section 204 relative to the 
qualifications and maximum hours of service of employees and safety of 
operation or standards of equipment shall be deemed to consist of:
    (a) The municipality itself, hereinafter called the base 
municipality;
    (b) All municipalities which are contiguous to the base 
municipality;
    (c) All other municipalities and all unincorporated area within the 
United States which are adjacent to the base municipality as follows:
    (1) When the base municipality has a population less than 2,500 all 
unincorporated areas within two miles of its corporate limits and all of 
any other municipality any part of which is within two miles of the 
corporate limits of the base municipality,
    (2) When the base municipality has a population of 2,500 but less 
than 25,000, all unincorporated areas within 3 miles of its corporate 
limits and all of any other municipality any part of which is within 3 
miles of the corporate limits of the base municipality,
    (3) When the base municipality has a population of 25,000 but less 
than 100,000, all unincorporated areas within 4 miles of its corporate 
limits and all of any other municipality any part of which is within 4 
miles of the corporate limits of the base municipality, and
    (4) When the base municipality has a population of 100,000 or more, 
all unincorporated areas within 5 miles of its corporate limits and all 
of any other municipality any part of which is within 5 miles of the 
corporate limits of the base municipality, and
    (d) All municipalities wholly surrounded, or so surrounded except 
for a water boundary, by the base municipality, by any municipality 
contiguous thereto, or by any municipality adjacent thereto which is 
included in the commercial zone of such base municipality under the 
provisions of paragraph (c) of this section.

    Note: Except: Municipalities the commercial zones of which have been 
or are hereafter individually or specially determined.

           Sec. 45 Controlling distances and population data.

    In the application of Sec.  372.241:
    (a) Air-line distances or mileages about corporate limits of 
municipalities shall be used.
    (b) The population of any municipality shall be deemed to be the 
highest figure shown for that municipality in any decennial census since 
(and including) the 1940 decennial census.

[53 FR 18058, May 19, 1988, as amended at 62 FR 49942, Sept. 24, 1997; 
66 FR 49875, Oct. 1, 2001; 80 FR 59075, Oct. 1, 2015. Redesignated at 86 
FR 57068, Oct. 14, 2021]



PART 373_RECEIPTS AND BILLS--Table of Contents



               Subpart A_Motor Carrier Receipts and Bills

Sec.
373.100 Applicability.
373.101 For-hire, non-exempt motor carrier bills of lading.
373.103 For-hire, non-exempt expense bills.
373.105 Low value packages.

              Subpart B_Freight Forwarders; Bills of Lading

373.201 Receipts and bills of lading for freight forwarders.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301, 13531 and 14706; and 49 CFR 1.87.



               Subpart A_Motor Carrier Receipts and Bills

    Source: 55 FR 11198, Mar. 27, 1990, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  373.100  Applicability.

    This subpart applies to motor carriers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle 
IV, part B (secs. 13101-14916).

[81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  373.101  For-hire, non-exempt motor carrier bills of lading.

    Every motor carrier subject to Sec.  373.100 shall issue a receipt 
or bill of

[[Page 112]]

lading for property tendered for transportation in interstate or foreign 
commerce containing the following information:
    (a) Names of consignor and consignee.
    (b) Origin and destination points.
    (c) Number of packages.
    (d) Description of freight.
    (e) Weight, volume, or measurement of freight (if applicable to the 
rating of the freight).

The carrier shall keep a record of this information as prescribed in 49 
CFR part 379.

[55 FR 11198, Mar. 27, 1990, as amended at 56 FR 30874, July 8, 1991; 62 
FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  373.103  For-hire, non-exempt expense bills.

    (a) Property. (1) Every for-hire, non-exempt motor carrier of 
property shall issue a freight or expense bill for each shipment 
transported containing the following information:
    (i) Names of consignor and consignee (except on a reconsigned 
shipment, not the name of the original consignor).
    (ii) Date of shipment.
    (iii) Origin and destination points (except on a reconsigned 
shipment, not the original shipping point unless the final consignee 
pays the charges from that point).
    (iv) Number of packages.
    (v) Description of freight.
    (vi) Weight, volume, or measurement of freight (if applicable to the 
rating of the freight).
    (vii) Exact rate(s) assessed.
    (viii) Total charges due, including the nature and amount of any 
charges for special service and the points at which such service was 
rendered.
    (ix) Route of movement and name of each carrier participating in the 
transportation.
    (x) Transfer point(s) through which shipment moved.
    (xi) Address where remittance must be made or address of bill 
issuer's principal place of business.
    (2) The shipper or receiver owing the charges shall be given the 
freight or expense bill and the carrier shall keep a copy as prescribed 
at 49 CFR part 379. If the bill is electronically transmitted (when 
agreed to by the carrier and payor), a receipted copy shall be given to 
the payor upon payment.
    (b) Charter transportation of passenger service. (1) Every for-hire, 
non-exempt motor carrier providing charter transportation of passenger 
service shall issue an expense bill containing the following 
information:
    (i) Serial number, consisting of one of a series of consecutive 
numbers assigned in advance and imprinted on the bill.
    (ii) Name of carrier.
    (iii) Names of payor and organization, if any, for which 
transportation is performed.
    (iv) Date(s) transportation was performed.
    (v) Origin, destination, and general routing of trip.
    (vi) Identification and seating capacity of each vehicle used.
    (vii) Number of persons transported.
    (viii) Mileage upon which charges are based, including any deadhead 
mileage, separately noted.
    (ix) Applicable rates per mile, hour, day, or other unit.
    (x) Itemized charges for transportation, including special services 
and fees.
    (xi) Total charges assessed and collected.
    (2) The carrier shall keep a copy of all expense bills issued for 
the period prescribed at 49 CFR part 379. If any expense bill is 
spoiled, voided, or unused for any reason, a copy or written record of 
its disposition shall be retained for a like period.

[83 FR 22873, May 17, 2018; 83 FR 26374, June 7, 2018]



Sec.  373.105  Low value packages.

    The carrier and shipper may elect to waive the above provisions and 
use a more streamlined recordkeeping or documentation system for 
distribution of ``low value'' packages. This includes the option of 
shipping such packages under the provisions of 49 U.S.C. 14706(c). The 
shipper is responsible ultimately for determining which packages should 
be designated as low value. A useful guideline for this determination is 
an invoice value less than or

[[Page 113]]

equal to the costs of preparing a loss or damage claim.

[55 FR 11198, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997]



              Subpart B_Freight Forwarders; Bills of Lading



Sec.  373.201  Receipts and bills of lading for freight forwarders.

    Each freight forwarder must issue the shipper a receipt or through 
bill of lading, covering transportation from origin to ultimate 
destination, on each shipment for which it arranges transportation in 
interstate commerce. Where a motor carrier receives freight at the 
origin and issues a receipt therefor on its form with a notation showing 
the freight forwarder's name, then the freight forwarder, upon receiving 
the shipment at the ``on line'' or consolidating station, must issue a 
receipt or through bill of lading on its form as of the date the carrier 
receives the shipment.

[74 FR 15393, Apr. 6, 2009]



PART 374_PASSENGER CARRIER REGULATIONS--Table of Contents



Sec.
374.1 Applicability.

 Subpart A_Discrimination in Operations of Interstate Motor Carriers of 
                               Passengers

374.101 Discrimination prohibited.
374.103 Notice to be printed on tickets.
374.105 Discrimination in terminal facilities.
374.107 Notice to be posted at terminal facilities.
374.109 Carriers not relieved of existing obligations.
374.111 Reports of interference with regulations.
374.113 Definitions.

Subpart B_Limitation of Smoking on Interstate Passenger Carrier Vehicles

374.201 Prohibition against smoking on interstate passenger-carrying 
          motor vehicles.

     Subpart C_Adequacy of Intercity Motor Carrier Passenger Service

374.301 Applicability.
374.303 Definitions.
374.305 Ticketing and information.
374.307 Baggage service.
374.309 Terminal facilities.
374.311 Service responsibility.
374.313 Equipment.
374.315 Transportation of passengers with disabilities.
374.317 Identification--bus and driver.
374.319 Relief from provisions.

 Subpart D_Notice of and Procedures for Baggage Excess Value Declaration

374.401 Minimum permissible limitations for baggage liability.
374.403 Notice of passenger's ability to declare excess value on 
          baggage.
374.405 Baggage excess value declaration procedures.

                   Subpart E_Incidental Charter Rights

374.501 Applicability.
374.503 Authority.
374.505 Exceptions.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301 and 14101; and 49 CFR 1.87.



Sec.  374.1  Applicability.

    This part applies to motor carriers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle 
IV, part B (secs. 13101-14916).

[81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



 Subpart A_Discrimination in Operations of Interstate Motor Carriers of 
                               Passengers

    Source: 36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  374.101  Discrimination prohibited.

    No motor carrier of passengers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, 
part B shall operate a motor vehicle in interstate or foreign commerce 
on which the seating of passengers is based upon race, color, creed, or 
national origin.

[36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.103  Notice to be printed on tickets.

    Every motor carrier of passengers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, 
part B shall cause to be printed on every ticket sold by it for 
transportation on any

[[Page 114]]

vehicle operated in interstate or foreign commerce a plainly legible 
notice as follows: ``Seating aboard vehicles operated in interstate or 
foreign commerce is without regard to race, color, creed, or national 
origin.''

    Note: The following interpretation of the provisions of Sec.  
374.103 (formerly Sec.  1055.2) appears at 27 FR 230, Jan. 9, 1962:
    The words, ``Seating aboard vehicles operated in interstate or 
foreign commerce is without regard to race, color, creed, or national 
origin'', should appear on the face of every ticket coming within the 
purview of the section. If the ticket is in parts or consists of 
additional elements, such as coupons, identification stubs, or checks, 
it shall be sufficient for the purposes of Sec.  374.103 that the notice 
appear only once on the ticket and be placed on the face of that portion 
of the ticket which is held by the passenger.

[36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.105  Discrimination in terminal facilities.

    No motor carrier of passengers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, 
part B shall in the operation of vehicles in interstate or foreign 
commerce provide, maintain arrangements for, utilize, make available, 
adhere to any understanding for the availability of, or follow any 
practice which includes the availability of, any terminal facilities 
which are so operated, arranged, or maintained as to involve any 
separation of any portion thereof, or in the use thereof on the basis of 
race, color, creed, or national origin.

[36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.107  Notice to be posted at terminal facilities.

    No motor carrier of passengers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, 
part B shall in the operation of vehicles in interstate or foreign 
commerce utilize any terminal facility in which there is not 
conspicuously displayed and maintained so as to be readily visible to 
the public a plainly legible sign or placard containing the full text of 
these regulations. Such sign or placard shall be captioned: ``Public 
Notice: Regulations Applicable to Vehicles and Terminal Facilities of 
Interstate Motor Carriers of Passengers, by order of the Secretary, U.S. 
Department of Transportation.''

[36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.109  Carriers not relieved of existing obligations.

    Nothing in this regulation shall be construed to relieve any 
interstate motor carrier of passengers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, 
part B of any of its obligations under 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B or 
its certificate(s) of public convenience and necessity.

[36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.111  Reports of interference with regulations.

    Every motor carrier of passengers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, 
part B operating vehicles in interstate or foreign commerce shall report 
to the Secretary, within fifteen (15) days of its occurrence, any 
interference by any person, municipality, county, parish, State, or body 
politic with its observance of the requirements of these regulations in 
this part. Such report shall include a statement of the action that such 
carrier may have taken to eliminate any such interference.

[36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.113  Definitions.

    For the purpose of these regulations the following terms and phrases 
are defined:
    (a) Terminal facilities. As used in these regulations the term 
``terminal facilities'' means all facilities, including waiting room, 
rest room, eating, drinking, and ticket sales facilities which a motor 
carrier makes available to passengers of a motor vehicle operated in 
interstate or foreign commerce as a regular part of their 
transportation.
    (b) Separation. As used in Sec.  374.105, the term ``separation'' 
includes, among other things, the display of any sign indicating that 
any portion of the terminal facilities are separated, allocated, 
restricted, provided, available,

[[Page 115]]

used, or otherwise distinguished on the basis of race, color, creed, or 
national origin.

[36 FR 1338, Jan. 28, 1971. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Subpart B_Limitation of Smoking on Interstate Passenger Carrier Vehicles



Sec.  374.201  Prohibition against smoking on interstate passenger-
carrying motor vehicles.

    (a) All motor carriers of passengers subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle 
IV, part B, shall prohibit smoking (including the carrying of lit 
cigars, cigarettes, and pipes) on vehicles transporting passengers in 
scheduled or special service in interstate commerce.
    (b) Each carrier shall take such action as is necessary to ensure 
that smoking by passengers, drivers, and other employees is not 
permitted in violation of this section. This shall include making 
appropriate announcements to passengers, the posting of the 
international no-smoking symbol, and the posting of signs in all 
vehicles transporting passengers in letters in sharp color contrast to 
the background, and of such size, shape, and color as to be readily 
legible. Such signs and symbols shall be kept and maintained in such a 
manner as to remain legible and shall indicate that smoking is 
prohibited by Federal regulation.
    (c) The provisions of paragraph (a) of this section shall not apply 
to charter operations as defined in Sec.  374.503 of this part.

[56 FR 1745, Jan. 17, 1991. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



     Subpart C_Adequacy of Intercity Motor Carrier Passenger Service

    Source: 55 FR 11199, Mar. 27, 1990, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  374.301  Applicability.

    These rules govern only motor passenger carriers conducting regular-
route operations.

[55 FR 11199, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.303  Definitions.

    (a) Carrier means a motor passenger carrier.
    (b) Bus means a passenger-carrying vehicle, regardless of design or 
seating capacity, used in a carrier's authorized operations.
    (c) Facility means any structure provided by or for a carrier at or 
near which buses pick up or discharge passengers.
    (d) Terminal means a facility operated or used by a carrier chiefly 
to furnish passengers transportation services and accommodations.
    (e) Station means a facility, other than a terminal, operated by or 
for a carrier to accommodate passengers.
    (f) Service means passenger transportation by bus over regular 
routes.
    (g) Commuter service, means passenger transportation wholly between 
points not more than 100 airline miles apart and not involving through-
bus, connecting, or interline services to or from points beyond 100 
airline miles. The usual characteristics of commuter service include 
reduced fare, multiple-ride, and commutation tickets, and peak morning 
and evening operations.
    (h) Baggage means property a passenger takes with him for his 
personal use or convenience.
    (i) Restroom means a room in a bus or terminal equipped with a 
toilet, washbowl, soap or a reasonable alternative, mirror, wastebasket, 
and toilet paper.

[55 FR 11199, Mar. 27, 1990, as amended at 66 FR 49871, Oct. 1, 2001; 68 
FR 56198, Sept. 30, 2003; 74 FR 2901, Jan. 16, 2009; 81 FR 68345, Oct. 
4, 2016]



Sec.  374.305  Ticketing and information.

    (a) Information service. (1) During business hours at each terminal 
or station, information shall be provided as to schedules, tickets, 
fares, baggage, and other carrier services.

[[Page 116]]

    (2) Carrier agents and personnel who sell or offer to sell tickets, 
or who provide information concerning tickets and carrier services, 
shall be competent and adequately informed.
    (b) Telephone information service. Every facility where tickets are 
sold shall provide telephonic information to the traveling public, 
including current bus schedules and fare information, when open for 
ticket sales.
    (c) Schedules. Printed, regular-route schedules shall be provided to 
the traveling public at all facilities where tickets for such services 
are sold. Each schedule shall show the points along the carrier's 
route(s) where facilities are located or where the bus trips originate 
or terminate, and each schedule shall indicate the arrival or departure 
time for each such point.
    (d) Ticket refunds. Each carrier shall refund unused tickets upon 
request, consistent with its governing tariff, at each place where 
tickets are sold, within 30 days after the request.
    (e) Announcements. No scheduled bus (except in commuter service) 
shall depart from a terminal or station until a public announcement of 
the departure and boarding point has been given. The announcement shall 
be given at least 5 minutes before the initial departure and before 
departures from points where the bus is scheduled to stop for more than 
5 minutes.



Sec.  374.307  Baggage service.

    (a) Checking procedures. (1) Carriers shall issue receipts, which 
may be in the form of preprinted tickets, for all checked services 
baggage.
    (2)(i) If baggage checking service is not provided at the side of 
the bus, all baggage checked at a baggage checking counter at least 30 
minutes but not more than 1 hour before departure shall be transported 
on the same schedule as the ticketed passenger.
    (ii) If baggage checking service is provided at the side of the bus, 
passengers checking baggage at the baggage checking counter less than 30 
minutes before the scheduled departure shall be notified that their 
baggage may not travel on the same schedule. Such baggage must then be 
placed on the next available bus to its destination. All baggage checked 
at the side of the bus during boarding, or at alternative locations 
provided for such purpose, shall be transported on the same schedule as 
the ticketed passenger.
    (b) Baggage security. All checked baggage shall be placed in a 
secure or attended area prohibited to the public. Baggage being readied 
for loading shall not be left unattended.
    (c) Baggage liability. (1) No carrier may totally exempt its 
liability for articles offered as checked baggage, unless those articles 
have been exempted by the Secretary. (Other liability is subject to 
subpart D of this part). A notice listing exempted articles shall be 
prominently posted at every location where baggage is accepted for 
checking.
    (2) Carriers may refuse to accept as checked baggage and, if 
unknowingly accepted, may disclaim liability for loss or damage to the 
following articles:
    (i) Articles whose transportation as checked baggage is prohibited 
by law or regulation;
    (ii) Fragile or perishable articles, articles whose dimensions 
exceed the size limitations in the carrier's tariff, receptacles with 
articles attached or protruding, guns, and materials that have a 
disagreeable odor;
    (iii) Money; and
    (iv) Those other articles that the Secretary exempts upon petition 
by the carrier.
    (3) Carriers need not offer excess value coverage on articles of 
extraordinary value (including, but not limited to, negotiable 
instruments, papers, manuscripts, irreplaceable publications, documents, 
jewelry, and watches).
    (d) Express shipments. Passengers and their baggage always take 
precedence over express shipments.
    (e) Baggage at destination. All checked baggage shall be made 
available to the passenger within a reasonable time, not to exceed 30 
minutes, after arrival at the passenger's destination. If not, the 
carrier shall deliver the baggage to the passenger's local address at 
the carrier's expense.
    (f) Lost or delayed baggage. (1) Checked baggage that cannot be 
located within 1 hour after the arrival of the bus upon which it was 
supposed to

[[Page 117]]

be transported shall be designated as lost. The carrier shall notify the 
passenger at that time and furnish him with an appropriate tracing form.
    (2) Every carrier shall make available at each ticket window and 
baggage counter a single form suitable both for tracing and for filing 
claims for lost or misplaced baggage. The form shall be prepared in 
duplicate and signed by the passenger and carrier representative. The 
carrier or its agent shall receive the signed original, with any 
necessary documentation and additional information, and the claim check, 
for which a receipt shall be given. The passenger shall retain the 
duplicate copy.
    (3) The carrier shall make immediate and diligent efforts to recover 
lost baggage.
    (4) A passenger may fill out a tracing form for lost unchecked 
baggage. The carrier shall forward recovered unchecked baggage to the 
terminal or station nearest the address shown on the tracing form and 
shall notify the passenger that the baggage will be held on a will-call 
basis.
    (g) Settlement of claims. Notwithstanding 49 CFR 370.9, if lost 
checked baggage cannot be located within 15 days, the carrier shall 
immediately process the matter as a claim. The date on which the carrier 
or its agent received the tracing form shall be considered the first day 
of a 60-day period in which a claim must be resolved by a firm offer of 
settlement or by a written explanation of denial of the claim.

[55 FR 11199, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  374.309  Terminal facilities.

    (a) Passenger security. All terminals and stations must provide 
adequate security for passengers and their attendants and be regularly 
patrolled.
    (b) Outside facilities. At terminals and stations that are closed 
when buses are scheduled to arrive or depart, there shall be available, 
to the extent possible, a public telephone, outside lighting, posted 
schedule information, overhead shelter, information on local 
accommodations, and telephone numbers for local taxi service and police.
    (c) Maintenance. Terminals shall be clean.



Sec.  374.311  Service responsibility.

    (a) Schedules. Carriers shall establish schedules that can be 
reasonably met, including connections at junction points, to serve 
adequately all points.
    (b) Continuity of service. No carrier shall change an existing 
regular-route schedule without first displaying conspicuously a notice 
in each facility and on each bus affected. Such notice shall be 
displayed for a reasonable time before it becomes effective and shall 
contain the carrier's name, a description of the proposed schedule 
change, the effective date thereof, the reasons for the change, the 
availability of alternate service, and the name and address of the 
carrier representative passengers may contact.
    (c) Trip interruptions. A carrier shall mitigate, to the extent 
possible, any passenger inconvenience it causes by disrupting travel 
plans.
    (d) Seating and reservations. A carrier shall provide sufficient 
buses to meet passengers' normal travel demands, including ordinary 
weekend and usual seasonal or holiday demand. Passengers (except 
commuters) shall be guaranteed, to the extent possible, passage and 
seating.
    (e) Inspection of rest stops. Each carrier shall inspect 
periodically all rest stops it uses to ensure that they are clean.

[55 FR 11199, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 66 FR 49871, Oct. 1, 2001; 74 
FR 2901, Jan. 16, 2009]



Sec.  374.313  Equipment.

    (a) Temperature control. A carrier shall maintain a reasonable 
temperature on each bus (except in commuter service).
    (b) Restrooms. Each bus (except in commuter service) seating more 
than 14 passengers (not including the driver) shall have a clean, 
regularly maintained restroom, free of offensive odor. A bus may be 
operated without a restroom if it makes reasonable rest stops.
    (c) Bus servicing. Each bus shall be kept clean, with all required 
items in good working order.

[[Page 118]]



Sec.  374.315  Transportation of passengers with disabilities.

    Service provided by a carrier to passengers with disabilities is 
governed by the provisions of 42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq., and regulations 
promulgated thereunder by the Secretary of Transportation (49 CFR parts 
27, 37, and 38) and the Attorney General (28 CFR part 36), incorporating 
the guidelines established by the Architectural and Transportation 
Barriers Compliance Board (36 CFR part 1191).

[57 FR 35764, Aug. 11, 1992, as amended at 66 FR 49871, Oct. 1, 2001]



Sec.  374.317  Identification--bus and driver.

    Each bus and driver providing service shall be identified in a 
manner visible to passengers. The driver may be identified by name or 
company number.



Sec.  374.319  Relief from provisions.

    (a) Petitions. Where compliance with any rule would impose an undue 
burden on a carrier, it may petition the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration either to treat it as though it were conducting a 
commuter service or to waive the rule. The request for relief must be 
justified by appropriate verified statements.
    (b) Notice to the public. The carrier shall display conspicuously, 
for at least 30 days, in each facility and on each bus affected, a 
notice of the filing of any petition. The notice shall contain the 
carrier's name and address, a concise description of and reasons for the 
relief sought, and a statement that any interested person may file 
written comments with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
(with one copy mailed to the carrier) on or before a specific date that 
is at least 30 days later than the date the notice is posted.

[55 FR 11199, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997]



 Subpart D_Notice of and Procedures for Baggage Excess Value Declaration

    Source: 40 FR 1249, Jan. 7, 1975, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  374.401  Minimum permissible limitations for baggage liability.

    Motor carriers of passengers and baggage subject to 49 U.S.C. 13501 
may not publish tariff provisions limiting their liability for loss or 
damage to baggage checked by a passenger transported in regular route or 
special operations unless:
    (a) The amount for which liability is limited is $250 or greater per 
adult fare; and
    (b) The provisions permit the passenger, for an additional charge, 
to declare a value in excess of the limited amount, and allow the 
passenger to recover the increased amount (but not higher than the 
actual value) in event of loss or damage. The carriers may publish a 
maximum value for which they will be liable, but that maximum value may 
not be less than $1,000. Appropriate identification must be attached 
securely by the passenger to each item of baggage checked, indicating in 
a clear and legible manner the name and address to which the baggage 
should be forwarded if lost and subsequently recovered. Identification 
tags shall be made immediately available by the carriers to passengers 
upon request.
    (c) Carriers need not offer excess value coverage on articles listed 
in Sec.  374.307(c)(3).

[81 FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.403  Notice of passenger's ability to declare excess value
on baggage.

    (a) All motor carriers of passengers and baggage subject to 49 
U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B, which provide in their tariffs for the 
declaration of baggage in excess of a free baggage allowance limitation, 
shall provide clear and adequate notice to the public of the opportunity 
to declare such excess value on baggage.
    (b) The notice referred to in paragraph (a) of this section shall be 
in

[[Page 119]]

large and clear print, and shall state as follows:

                        Notice--Baggage Liability

    This motor carrier is not liable for loss or damage to properly 
identified baggage in an amount exceeding $____. If a passenger desires 
additional coverage for the value of his baggage he may, upon checking 
his baggage, declare that his baggage has a value in excess of the above 
limitation and pay a charge as follows:

                          Identify Your Baggage

    Under FMCSA regulations, all baggage must be properly identified. 
Luggage tags should indicate clearly the name and address to which lost 
baggage should be forwarded. Free luggage tags are available at all 
ticket windows and baggage counters.


The statement of charges for excess value declaration shall be clear, 
and any other pertinent provisions may be added at the bottom in clear 
and readable print.
    (c) The notice referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section 
shall be (1) placed in a position near the ticket seller, sufficiently 
conspicuous to apprise the public of its provisions, (2) placed on a 
form to be attached to each ticket issued (and the ticket seller shall, 
where possible, provide oral notice to each ticket purchaser to read the 
form attached to the ticket), (3) placed in a position at or near any 
location where baggage may be checked, sufficiently conspicuous to 
apprise each passenger checking baggage of its provisions, and (4) 
placed in a position at each boarding point or waiting area used by the 
carrier at facilities maintained by the carrier or its agents, 
sufficiently conspicuous to apprise each boarding passenger of the 
provisions of the said notice.

[40 FR 1249, Jan. 7, 1975, as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 
FR 68345, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.405  Baggage excess value declaration procedures.

    All motor carriers of passengers and baggage subject to 49 U.S.C. 
subtitle IV, part B, which provide in their tariffs for the declaration 
of baggage value in excess of a free baggage allowance limitation, shall 
provide for the declaration of excess value on baggage at any time or 
place where provision is made for baggage checking, including (a) at a 
baggage checking counter until 15 minutes before scheduled boarding 
time, and (b) at the side of the bus or at a baggage checking counter in 
reasonable proximity to the boarding area during boarding at a terminal 
or any authorized service point.

[40 FR 1249, Jan. 7, 1975, as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 
FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



                   Subpart E_Incidental Charter Rights

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301, 13501, 13506; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 54 FR 46619, Nov. 6, 1989, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  374.501  Applicability.

    The regulations in this part apply to incidental charter rights 
authorized under 49 U.S.C. 13506. These regulations do not apply to 
interpreting authority contained in a certificate to transport 
passengers in special and/or charter operations.

[54 FR 46619, Nov. 6, 1989. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  374.503  Authority.

    Motor carriers transporting passengers, in interstate or foreign 
commerce, over regular routes authorized in a certificate issued as a 
result of an application filed before January 2, 1967, may transport 
special or chartered parties, in interstate or foreign commerce, between 
any points and places in the United States (including Alaska and 
Hawaii). The term ``special or chartered party'' means a group of 
passengers who, with a common purpose and under a single contract, and 
at a fixed charge for the vehicle in accordance with the carrier's 
tariff, have acquired the exclusive use of a passenger-carrying motor 
vehicle to travel together as a group to a specified destination or for 
a particular itinerary.



Sec.  374.505  Exceptions.

    (a) Incidental charter rights do not authorize the transportation of 
passengers to whom the carrier has sold individual tickets or with whom 
the

[[Page 120]]

carrier has made separate and individual transportation arrangements.
    (b) Service provided under incidental charter rights may not be 
operated between the same points or over the same route so frequently as 
to constitute a regular-route service.
    (c) Passenger transportation within the Washington Metropolitan Area 
Transit District (as defined in the Washington Metropolitan Area 
Transportation Regulation Compact, Pub. L. No. 86-794, 74 Stat. 1031 
(1960), as amended by Pub. L. No. 87-767, 76 Stat. (1962) is not 
authorized by these regulations, but is subject to the jurisdiction and 
regulations of the Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation 
Commission.
    (d) A private or public recipient of governmental assistance (within 
the meaning of 49 U.S.C. 13902(b)(8)) may provide service under 
incidental charter rights only for special or chartered parties 
originating in the area in which the private or public recipient 
provides regularly scheduled mass transportation services under the 
specific qualifying certificate that confers its incidental charter 
rights.

[54 FR 46619, Nov. 6, 1989. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997]



PART 375_TRANSPORTATION OF HOUSEHOLD GOODS IN INTERSTATE COMMERCE; 
CONSUMER PROTECTION REGULATIONS--Table of Contents



                     Subpart A_General Requirements

Sec.
375.101 Who must follow these regulations in this part?
375.103 What are the definitions of terms used in this part?
375.105 What are the information collection requirements of this part?

           Subpart B_Before Offering Services to My Customers

                        Liability Considerations

375.201 What is my normal liability for loss and damage when I accept 
          goods from an individual shipper?
375.203 What actions of an individual shipper may limit or reduce my 
          normal liability?

                        General Responsibilities

375.205 May I have agents?
375.207 What items must be in my advertisements?
375.209 How must I handle complaints and inquiries?
375.211 Must I have an arbitration program?
375.213 What information must I provide to a prospective individual 
          shipper?

                    Collecting Transportation Charges

375.215 How must I collect charges?
375.217 May I collect charges upon delivery?
375.219 May I extend credit to shippers?
375.221 May I use a charge or credit card plan for payments?

                   Subpart C_Service Options Provided

375.301 What service options may I provide?
375.303 If I sell liability insurance coverage, what must I do?

                      Subpart D_Estimating Charges

375.401 Must I estimate charges?
375.403 How must I provide a binding estimate?
375.405 How must I provide a non-binding estimate?
375.407 Under what circumstances must I relinquish possession of a 
          collect-on-delivery shipment transported under a non-binding 
          estimate?
375.409 May household goods brokers provide estimates?

            Subpart E_Pick Up of Shipments of Household Goods

                             Before Loading

375.501 [Reserved]
375.503 Must I write up an inventory?
375.505 Must I write up a bill of lading?

                          Weighing the Shipment

375.507 Must I determine the weight of a shipment?
375.509 How must I determine the weight of a shipment?
375.511 May I use an alternative method for shipments weighing 3,000 
          pounds or less?
375.513 Must I give the individual shipper an opportunity to observe the 
          weighing?
375.515 May an individual shipper waive his/her right to observe each 
          weighing?
375.517 May an individual shipper demand re-weighing?
375.519 Must I obtain weight tickets?
375.521 What must I do if an individual shipper wants to know the actual 
          weight or charges for a shipment before I tender delivery?

[[Page 121]]

                  Subpart F_Transportation of Shipments

375.601 Must I transport the shipment in a timely manner?
375.603 When must I tender a shipment for delivery?
375.605 How must I notify an individual shipper of any service delays?
375.607 What must I do if I am able to tender a shipment for final 
          delivery more than 24 hours before a specified date?
375.609 What must I do for shippers who store household goods in 
          transit?

                     Subpart G_Delivery of Shipments

375.701 May I provide for a release of liability on my delivery receipt?
375.703 What is the maximum collect-on-delivery amount I may demand at 
          the time of delivery?
375.705 If a shipment is transported on more than one vehicle, what 
          charges may I collect at delivery?
375.707 If a shipment is partially lost or destroyed, what charges may I 
          collect at delivery?
375.709 If a shipment is totally lost or destroyed, what charges may I 
          collect at delivery?

                     Subpart H_Collection of Charges

375.801 What types of charges are subject to this subpart?
375.803 How must I present my invoice?
375.805 If I am forced to relinquish a collect-on-delivery shipment 
          before the payment of ALL charges, how do I collect the 
          balance?
375.807 What actions may I take to collect the charges upon my invoice?

                           Subpart I_Penalties

375.901 What penalties do we impose for violations of this part?

Appendix A to Part 375--Your Rights and Responsibilities When You Move

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13102, 13301, 13501, 13704, 13707, 13902, 
14104, 14706, 14708; subtitle B, title IV of Pub. L. 109-59; and 49 CFR 
1.87.

    Source: 68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, unless otherwise noted.



                     Subpart A_General Requirements



Sec.  375.101  Who must follow the regulations in this part?

    You, a household goods motor carrier engaged in the interstate 
transportation of household goods, must follow the regulations in this 
part when offering your services to individual shippers. You are subject 
to this part only when you transport household goods for individual 
shippers by motor vehicle in interstate commerce. Interstate commerce is 
defined in Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter.

[72 FR 36771, July 5, 2007]



Sec.  375.103  What are the definitions of terms used in this part?

    Terms used in this part are defined as follows. You may find other 
terms used in these regulations defined in 49 U.S.C. 13102. The 
definitions contained in this statute control. If terms are used in this 
part and the terms are neither defined here nor in 49 U.S.C. 13102, the 
terms will have the ordinary practical meaning of such terms.
    Advertisement means any communication to the public in connection 
with an offer or sale of any interstate household goods transportation 
service. This includes written or electronic database listings of your 
name, address, and telephone number in an on-line database or displayed 
on an Internet web site. This excludes listings of your name, address, 
and telephone number in a telephone directory or similar publication. 
However, Yellow Pages advertising is included in the definition.
    Bill of lading means both the receipt and the contract for the 
transportation of the individual shipper's household goods.
    Cashier's check means a check that has all four of the following 
characteristics:
    (1) Drawn on a bank as defined in 12 CFR 229.2.
    (2) Signed by an officer or employee of the bank on behalf of the 
bank as drawer.
    (3) A direct obligation of the bank.
    (4) Provided to a customer of the bank or acquired from the bank for 
remittance purposes.
    Certified scale means any scale inspected and certified by an 
authorized scale inspection and licensing authority, and designed for 
weighing motor vehicles, including trailers or semi-trailers not 
attached to a tractor, or designed as a platform or warehouse type 
scale.
    Commercial shipper means any person who is named as the consignor or 
consignee in a bill of lading contract who is not the owner of the goods 
being

[[Page 122]]

transported but who assumes the responsibility for payment of the 
transportation and other tariff charges for the account of the 
beneficial owner of the goods. The beneficial owner of the goods is 
normally an employee of the consignor and/or consignee. A freight 
forwarder tendering a shipment to a carrier in furtherance of freight 
forwarder operations is also a commercial shipper. The Federal 
government is a government bill of lading shipper, not a commercial 
shipper.
    Force majeure means a defense protecting the parties in the event 
that a part of the contract cannot be performed due to causes which are 
outside the control of the parties and could not be avoided by exercise 
of due care.
    Government bill of lading shipper means any person whose property is 
transported under the terms and conditions of a government bill of 
lading issued by any department or agency of the Federal government to 
the carrier responsible for the transportation of the shipment.
    Household goods, as used in connection with transportation, means 
the personal effects or property used, or to be used, in a dwelling, 
when part of the equipment or supplies of the dwelling. Transportation 
of the household goods must be arranged and paid for by the individual 
shipper or by another individual on behalf of the shipper. Household 
goods includes property moving from a factory or store if purchased with 
the intent to use in a dwelling and transported at the request of the 
householder, who also pays the transportation charges.
    Household goods motor carrier means--
    (1) In general, a motor carrier that, in the ordinary course of its 
business of providing transportation of household goods, offers some or 
all of the following additional services:
    (i) Binding and nonbinding estimates;
    (ii) Inventorying;
    (iii) Protective packing and unpacking of individual items at 
personal residences;
    (iv) Loading and unloading at personal residences.
    (2) The term includes any person considered to be a household goods 
motor carrier under regulations, determinations, and decisions of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration in effect on the date of 
enactment of the Household Goods Mover Oversight Enforcement and Reform 
Act of 2005 (August 10, 2005).
    (3) The term does not include any motor carrier providing 
transportation of household goods in containers or trailers that are 
entirely loaded and unloaded by an individual other than an employee or 
agent of the motor carrier.
    (4) The term does not include any motor carrier that acts as a 
service for the delivery of furniture, appliances, or other furnishings 
between a factory or a store and an individual's household.
    Individual shipper means any person who--
    (1) Is the shipper, consignor, or consignee of a household goods 
shipment;
    (2) Is identified as the shipper, consignor, or consignee on the 
face of the bill of lading;
    (3) Owns the goods being transported; and
    (4) Pays his or her own tariff transportation charges
    May means an option. You may do something, but it is not a 
requirement.
    Must means a legal obligation. You must do something.
    Physical survey means a survey which is conducted on-site or 
virtually. If the survey is performed virtually, the household goods 
motor carrier must be able to view the household goods through live or 
pre-recorded video that allows it to clearly identify the household 
goods to be transported.
    Reasonable dispatch means the performance of transportation on the 
dates, or during the period, agreed upon by you and the individual 
shipper and shown on the bill of lading. For example, if you 
deliberately withhold any shipment from delivery after an individual 
shipper offers to pay the binding estimate or 110 percent of a non-
binding estimate, you have not transported the goods with reasonable 
dispatch. The term reasonable dispatch excludes transportation provided 
under your tariff provisions requiring guaranteed service dates. You 
will have the defenses of force majeure, i.e., superior or irresistible 
force, as construed by the courts.

[[Page 123]]

    Should means a recommendation. We recommend you do something, but it 
is not a requirement.
    Surface Transportation Board means an independent agency of the 
United States that regulates household goods carrier tariffs, among 
other economic regulatory responsibilities.
    Tariff means an issuance (in whole or in part) containing rates, 
rules, regulations, classifications or other provisions related to a 
motor carrier's transportation services. The Surface Transportation 
Board requires a tariff contain specific items under Sec.  1312.3(a) of 
this title. These specific items include an accurate description of the 
services offered to the public and the specific applicable rates (or the 
basis for calculating the specific applicable rates) and service terms. 
A tariff must be arranged in a way that allows for the determination of 
the exact rate(s) and service terms applicable to any given shipment.
    We, us, and our means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration (FMCSA).
    You and your means a household goods motor carrier engaged in the 
interstate transportation of household goods and its household goods 
agents.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 72 FR 36771, July 5, 2007; 77 
FR 36934, June 20, 2012; 77 FR 59823, Oct. 1, 2012; 87 FR 24446, Apr. 
26, 2022]



Sec.  375.105  What are the information collection requirements of 
this part?

    (a) The information collection requirements of this part have been 
reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the 
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) and have been 
assigned OMB control number 2126-0025.
    (b) The information collection requirements are found in the 
following sections: Sec. Sec.  375.205, 375.207, 375.209, 375.211, 
375.213, 375.215, 375.217, 375.303, 375.401, 375.403, 375.405, 375.409, 
375.501, 375.503, 375.505, 375.507, 375.515, 375.519, 375.521, 375.605, 
375.607, 375.609, 375.803, 375.805, and 375.807.

[69 FR 10575, Mar. 5, 2004, as amended at 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013]



           Subpart B_Before Offering Services to My Customers

                        Liability Considerations



Sec.  375.201  What is my normal liability for loss and damage when I
accept goods from an individual shipper?

    (a) In general, you are legally liable for loss or damage if it 
happens during performance of any transportation of household goods and 
all related services identified on your lawful bill of lading.
    (b) Full Value Protection Obligation--In general, your liability is 
for the household goods that are lost, damaged, destroyed, or otherwise 
not delivered to the final destination in an amount equal to the 
replacement value of the household goods. The maximum amount is the 
declared value of the shipment. The declared value is subject to rules 
issued by the Surface Transportation Board (STB) and applicable tariffs.
    (c) If the shipper waives, in writing, your liability for the full 
value of the household goods, then you are liable for loss of, or damage 
to, any household goods to the extent provided in the STB released rates 
order. Contact the STB for a current copy of the Released Rates of Motor 
Carrier Shipments of Household Goods. The rate may be increased annually 
by the motor carrier based on the U.S. Department of Commerce's Cost of 
Living Adjustment.
    (d) As required by Sec.  375.303(c)(5), you may have additional 
liability if you sell liability insurance and fail to issue a copy of 
the insurance policy or other appropriate evidence of insurance.
    (e) You must, in a clear and concise manner, disclose to the 
individual shipper the limits of your liability.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 72 FR 36771, July 5, 2007; 80 
FR 59071, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  375.203  What actions of an individual shipper may limit or reduce
my normal liability?

    (a) If an individual shipper includes perishable, dangerous, or 
hazardous articles in the shipment without your knowledge, you need not 
assume liability for those articles or for the loss or

[[Page 124]]

damage caused by their inclusion in the shipment. If the shipper 
requests that you accept such articles for transportation, you may elect 
to limit your liability for any loss or damage by appropriately 
published tariff provisions.
    (b) If an individual shipper agrees to ship household goods released 
at a value greater than 60 cents per pound ($1.32 per kilogram) per 
article, your liability for loss and damage may be limited to $100 per 
pound ($220 per kilogram) per article if the individual shipper fails to 
notify you in writing of articles valued at more than $100 per pound 
($220 per kilogram).
    (c) If an individual shipper notifies you in writing that an article 
valued at greater than $100 per pound ($220 per kilogram) will be 
included in the shipment, the shipper will be entitled to full recovery 
up to the declared value of the article or articles, not to exceed the 
declared value of the entire shipment.

                        General Responsibilities



Sec.  375.205  May I have agents?

    (a) You may have agents provided you comply with paragraphs (b) and 
(c) of this section. A household goods agent is defined as either one of 
the following two types of agents:
    (1) A prime agent provides a transportation service for you or on 
your behalf, including the selling of, or arranging for, a 
transportation service. You permit or require the agent to provide 
services under the terms of an agreement or arrangement with you. A 
prime agent does not provide services on an emergency or temporary 
basis. A prime agent does not include a household goods broker or 
freight forwarder.
    (2) An emergency or temporary agent provides origin or destination 
services on your behalf, excluding the selling of, or arranging for, a 
transportation service. You permit or require the agent to provide such 
services under the terms of an agreement or arrangement with you. The 
agent performs such services only on an emergency or temporary basis.
    (b) If you have agents, you must have written agreements between you 
and your prime agents. You and your retained prime agent must sign the 
agreements.
    (c) Copies of all your prime agent agreements must be in your files 
for a period of at least 24 months following the date of termination of 
each agreement.



Sec.  375.207  What items must be in my advertisements?

    (a) You and your agents must publish and use only truthful, 
straightforward, and honest advertisements.
    (b) You must include, and you must require each of your agents to 
include, in all advertisements for all services (including any 
accessorial services incidental to or part of interstate household goods 
transportation), the following two elements:
    (1) Your name or trade name, as it appears on our document assigning 
you a U.S. DOT number, or the name or trade name of the motor carrier 
under whose operating authority the advertised service will originate.
    (2) Your U.S. DOT number, assigned by us authorizing you to operate 
as a for-hire motor carrier transporting household goods.
    (c) Your FMCSA-assigned U.S. DOT number must be displayed only in 
the following form in every advertisement: U.S. DOT No. (assigned 
number).



Sec.  375.209  How must I handle complaints and inquiries?

    (a) You must establish and maintain a procedure for responding to 
complaints and inquiries from your individual shippers.
    (b) Your procedure must include all three of the following items:
    (1) A communications system allowing individual shippers to 
communicate with your principal place of business by telephone.
    (2) A telephone number.
    (3) A system for recording in writing all inquiries and complaints 
received from an individual shipper by any means of communication.
    (c) You must produce a clear and concise written description of your 
procedure for distribution to individual shippers.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 77 FR 36934, June 20, 2012; 
77 FR 59824, Oct. 1, 2012; 83 FR 16224, Apr. 16, 2018]

[[Page 125]]



Sec.  375.211  Must I have an arbitration program?

    (a) You must have an arbitration program for individual shippers to 
resolve disputes about property loss and damage and disputes about 
whether carrier charges in addition to those collected at delivery must 
be paid. You must establish and maintain an arbitration program with the 
following 11 minimum elements:
    (1) You must design your arbitration program to prevent you from 
having any special advantage in any case where the claimant resides or 
does business at a place distant from your principal or other place of 
business.
    (2) Before execution of the bill of lading, you must provide notice 
to the individual shipper of the availability of neutral arbitration, 
including all three of the following items:
    (i) A summary of the arbitration procedure.
    (ii) Any applicable costs.
    (iii) A disclosure of the legal effects of election to use 
arbitration.
    (3) Upon the individual shipper's request, you must provide 
information and forms you consider necessary for initiating an action to 
resolve a dispute under arbitration.
    (4) You must require each person you authorize to arbitrate to be 
independent of the parties to the dispute and capable of resolving such 
disputes, and you must ensure the arbitrator is authorized and able to 
obtain from you or the individual shipper any material or relevant 
information to carry out a fair and expeditious decisionmaking process.
    (5) You must not charge the individual shipper more than one-half of 
the total cost for instituting the arbitration proceeding against you. 
In the arbitrator's decision, the arbitrator may determine which party 
must pay the cost or a portion of the cost of the arbitration 
proceeding, including the cost of instituting the proceeding.
    (6) You must refrain from requiring the individual shipper to agree 
to use arbitration before a dispute arises.
    (7) Arbitration must be binding for claims of $10,000 or less, if 
the individual shipper requests arbitration.
    (8) Arbitration must be binding for claims of more than $10,000, if 
the individual shipper requests arbitration and the carrier agrees to 
it.
    (9) If all parties agree, the arbitrator may provide for an oral 
presentation of a dispute by a party or representative of a party.
    (10) The arbitrator must render a decision within 60 days of receipt 
of written notification of the dispute, and a decision by an arbitrator 
may include any remedies appropriate under the circumstances.
    (11) The arbitrator may extend the 60-day period for a reasonable 
period if you or the individual shipper fail to provide, in a timely 
manner, any information the arbitrator reasonably requires to resolve 
the dispute.
    (b) You must produce and distribute a concise, easy-to-read, 
accurate summary of your arbitration program, including the items in 
this section.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10575, Mar. 5, 2004; 72 
FR 36772, July 5, 2007; 87 FR 24446, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  375.213  What information must I provide to a prospective 
individual shipper?

    (a) When you provide the written estimate to a prospective 
individual shipper, you must also provide the individual shipper with 
the following documents:
    (1) The Department of Transportation (DOT) publication titled 
``Ready to Move?--Tips for a Successful Interstate Move'' (DOT 
publication FMCSA-ESA-03-005, or its successor publication). You must 
provide the individual shipper with either a copy or provide a hyperlink 
on your internet website to the web page on the FMCSA website containing 
that publication.
    (2) The contents of appendix A of this part, titled ``Your Rights 
and Responsibilities When You Move'' (DOT publication FMCSA-ESA-03-006, 
or its successor publication). You must provide the individual shipper 
with either a copy or provide a hyperlink on your internet website to 
the web page on the FMCSA website with the publication ``Your Rights and 
Responsibilities When You Move.''
    (b) Before you execute a bill of lading for a shipment of household 
goods, you

[[Page 126]]

must furnish to your prospective individual shipper all four of the 
following documents:
    (1) A concise, easy-to-read, accurate estimate of your charges.
    (2) A notice of the availability of the applicable sections of your 
tariff for the estimate of charges, including an explanation that 
individual shippers may examine these tariff sections or have copies 
sent to them upon request.
    (3) A concise, easy-to-read, accurate summary of your arbitration 
program.
    (4) A concise, easy-to-read, accurate summary of your customer 
complaint and inquiry handling procedures. Included in this description 
must be both of the following two items:
    (i) The main telephone number the individual shipper may use to 
communicate with you.
    (ii) A clear and concise statement concerning who must pay for 
telephone calls.
    (c) To comply with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, you must ensure 
that the text and general order of the document you produce and 
distribute to prospective individual shippers are consistent with the 
text and general order of appendix A to this part. The following three 
items also apply:
    (1) If we, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, choose 
to modify the text or general order of appendix A, we will provide the 
public appropriate notice in the Federal Register and an opportunity for 
comment as required by part 389 of this chapter before making you change 
anything.
    (2) If you publish the document, you may choose the dimensions of 
the publication as long as the type font size is 10 points or larger and 
the size of the booklet is at least as large as 36 square inches (232 
square centimeters).
    (3) If you publish the document, you may choose the color and design 
of the front and back covers of the publication. The following words 
must appear prominently on the front cover in 12-point or larger bold or 
full-faced type: ``Your Rights and Responsibilities When You Move. 
Furnished by Your Mover, as Required by Federal Law.'' You may 
substitute your name or trade name in place of ``Your Mover'' if you 
wish (for example, Furnished by XYZ Van Lines, as Required by Federal 
Law).
    (d) Paragraphs (c)(2) and (c)(3) of this section do not apply to 
exact copies of appendix A published in the Federal Register, the Code 
of Federal Regulations, or on FMCSA's Web site.
    (e) If you have a website, you are required to display prominently 
either a link to the DOT publication titled ``Ready to Move?--Tips for a 
Successful Interstate Move'' (DOT publication FMCSA-ESA-03-005, or its 
successor publication) on the FMCSA website or a true and accurate copy 
of that document on your website.
    (f) If an individual shipper elects to access the Federal consumer 
protection information via the hyperlink on the internet as provided in 
paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section:
    (1) You must obtain a signed, dated receipt showing the individual 
shipper has received either or both of the publications that includes 
verification of the shipper's agreement to access the Federal consumer 
protection information on the internet.
    (2) You must maintain the signed receipt required by paragraph 
(f)(1) of this section for one year from the date the individual shipper 
signs the receipt. You are not required to maintain the signed receipt 
when you do not actually transport household goods or perform related 
services for the individual shipper who signed the receipt.

[72 FR 36772, July 5, 2007, as amended at 75 FR 72998, Nov. 29, 2010; 77 
FR 41704, Nov. 13, 2012; 83 FR 16224, Apr. 16, 2018; 87 FR 24446, Apr. 
26, 2022]

                    Collecting Transportation Charges



Sec.  375.215  How must I collect charges?

    You must issue an honest, truthful invoice that includes all the 
information required by subpart A of part 373 of this chapter. All rates 
and charges for the transportation and related services must be in 
accordance with your appropriately published tariff provisions in 
effect, including the method of payment.

[87 FR 24447, Apr. 26, 2022]

[[Page 127]]



Sec.  375.217  How must I collect charges upon delivery?

    (a) You must specify the form of payment when you prepare the 
estimate. You and your agents must honor the form of payment at 
delivery, except when a shipper agrees to a change in writing.
    (b) You must specify the same form of payment provided in paragraph 
(a) of this section when you prepare the bill of lading.
    (c) Charge or credit card payments:
    (1) If you agree to accept payment by charge or credit card, you 
must arrange with the individual shipper for the delivery only at a time 
when you can obtain authorization for the shipper's credit card 
transaction.
    (2) Paragraph (c)(1) of this section does not apply to you when you 
have equipped your motor vehicle(s) to process card transactions.
    (d) You may maintain a tariff setting forth nondiscriminatory rules 
governing collect-on-delivery service and the collection of collect-on-
delivery funds.
    (e) If an individual shipper pays you at least 110 percent of the 
approximate costs of a non-binding estimate on a collect-on-delivery 
shipment, you must relinquish possession of the shipment at the time of 
delivery.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10575, Mar. 5, 2004; 87 
FR 24447, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  375.219  May I extend credit to shippers?

    You may extend credit to shippers, but, if you do, it must be in 
accordance with Sec.  375.807.



Sec.  375.221  May I use a charge or credit card plan for payments?

    (a) You may provide in your tariff for the acceptance of charge or 
credit cards for the payment of freight charges. Accepting charge or 
credit card payments is different than extending credit to shippers in 
Sec. Sec.  375.219 and 375.807. Once you provide an estimate you are 
bound by the provisions in your tariff regarding payment as of the 
estimate date, until completion of any transaction that results from 
that estimate, unless otherwise agreed with a shipper under Sec.  
375.217(a).
    (b) You may accept charge or credit cards whenever shipments are 
transported under agreements and tariffs requiring payment by cash, 
certified check, money order, or a cashier's check.
    (c) If you allow an individual shipper to pay an invoice by charge 
or credit card, you are deeming such payment to be the same as payment 
by cash, certified check, money order, or a cashier's check.
    (d) The charge or credit card plans you participate in must be 
identified in your tariff rules as items permitting the acceptance of 
the charge or credit cards.
    (e) If an individual shipper causes a charge or credit card issuer 
to reverse a charge transaction, you may consider the individual 
shipper's action tantamount to forcing you to provide an involuntary 
extension of your credit. In such instances, the rules in Sec.  375.807 
apply.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 87 FR 24447, Apr. 26, 2022]



                   Subpart C_Service Options Provided



Sec.  375.301  What service options may I provide?

    (a) You may design your household goods service to provide 
individual shippers with a wide range of specialized service and pricing 
features. Many carriers provide at least the following five service 
options:
    (1) Space reservation.
    (2) Expedited service.
    (3) Exclusive use of a vehicle.
    (4) Guaranteed service on or between agreed dates.
    (5) Liability insurance.
    (b) If you sell liability insurance, you must follow the 
requirements in Sec.  375.303.



Sec.  375.303  If I sell liability insurance coverage, what must I do?

    (a) You, your employee, or an agent may sell, offer to sell, or 
procure liability insurance coverage for loss or damage to shipments of 
any individual shipper only when the individual shipper releases the 
shipment for transportation at a value not exceeding 60 cents

[[Page 128]]

per pound ($1.32 per kilogram) per article.
    (b) You may offer, sell, or procure any type of insurance policy on 
behalf of the individual shipper covering loss or damage in excess of 
the specified carrier liability.
    (c) If you sell, offer to sell, or procure liability insurance 
coverage for loss or damage to shipments:
    (1) You must issue to the individual shipper a policy or other 
appropriate evidence of the insurance that the individual shipper 
purchased.
    (2) You must provide a copy of the policy or other appropriate 
evidence to the individual shipper at the time you sell or procure the 
insurance.
    (3) You must issue policies written in plain English.
    (4) You must clearly specify the nature and extent of coverage under 
the policy.
    (5) Your failure to issue a policy, or other appropriate evidence of 
insurance purchased, to an individual shipper will subject you to full 
liability for any claims to recover loss or damage attributed to you.
    (6) You must provide in your tariff for the provision of selling, 
offering to sell, or procuring liability insurance coverage. The tariff 
must also provide for the base transportation charge, including your 
assumption of full liability for the value of the shipment. This would 
be in the event you fail to issue a policy or other appropriate evidence 
of insurance to the individual shipper at the time of purchase.

[69 FR 10575, Mar. 5, 2004]



                      Subpart D_Estimating Charges



Sec.  375.401  Must I estimate charges?

    (a) You must conduct a physical survey of the household goods to be 
transported and provide the prospective individual shipper with a 
written estimate, based on the physical survey, of the charges for the 
transportation and all related services. An individual shipper may elect 
to waive a physical survey. The waiver agreement is subject to the 
following requirements:
    (1) It must be in writing;
    (2) It must be signed by the shipper before the shipment is loaded; 
and
    (3) You must retain a copy of the waiver agreement as an addendum to 
the bill of lading with the understanding that the waiver agreement will 
be subject to the same record retention requirements that apply to bills 
of lading, as provided in Sec.  375.505(d).
    (b) Before you execute a bill of lading for a shipment of household 
goods for an individual shipper, you must provide a written estimate of 
the total charges and indicate whether it is a binding or a non-binding 
estimate, as follows:
    (1) A binding estimate is an agreement made in advance with your 
individual shipper. It guarantees the total cost of the move based upon 
the quantities and services shown on your estimate, which shall be based 
on the physical survey of the household goods, if required. You may 
impose a charge for providing a written binding estimate. The binding 
estimate must indicate that you and the shipper are bound by the 
charges.
    (2) A non-binding estimate is what you believe the total cost will 
be for the move, based upon both the estimated weight or volume of the 
shipment and the accessorial services requested and the physical survey 
of the household goods, if required. A non-binding estimate is not 
binding on you. You will base the final charges upon the actual weight 
of the individual shipper's shipment and the tariff provisions in 
effect. You may not impose a charge for providing a non-binding 
estimate.
    (c) You must specify the form of payment you and your agent will 
honor at delivery. Payment forms may include, but are not limited to, 
cash, a certified check, a money order, a cashier s check, a specific 
charge card such as American Express \TM\, a specific credit card such 
as Visa \TM\, or your credit as allowed by Sec.  375.807.
    (d) For non-binding estimates, you must provide your reasonably 
accurate estimate of the approximate costs the individual shipper should 
expect to pay for the transportation and services of such shipments. If 
you provide an inaccurately low estimate, you may be limiting the amount 
you will collect at the time of delivery as provided in Sec.  375.407.

[[Page 129]]

    (e) If you provide a shipper with an estimate based on volume that 
will later be converted to a weight-based rate, you must provide the 
shipper an explanation in writing of the formula used to calculate the 
conversion to weight. You must specify the final charges will be based 
on actual weight and services subject to the 110 percent rule at 
delivery.
    (f) You must determine charges for any accessorial services such as 
elevators, long carries, etc., before preparing the bill of lading for 
binding or non-binding estimates. If you fail to ask the shipper about 
such charges and fail to determine such charges before preparing the 
bill of lading, you must deliver the goods and bill the shipper after 30 
days for the additional charges.
    (g) You must include as a part of your estimate the liability 
election notice provided in the Surface Transportation Board's released 
rates order. Contact the STB for a copy of the Released Rates of Motor 
Carrier Shipments of Household Goods.
    (h) You and the individual shipper must sign the estimate of 
charges. You must provide a dated copy of the estimate of charges to the 
individual shipper at the time you sign the estimate.
    (i) Before loading a household goods shipment, and upon mutual 
agreement of both you and the individual shipper, you may amend an 
estimate of charges. You may not amend the estimate after loading the 
shipment.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 72 FR 36772, July 5, 2007; 77 
FR 25373, Apr. 30, 2012; 87 FR 24447, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  375.403  How must I provide a binding estimate?

    (a) You may provide a guaranteed binding estimate of the total 
shipment charges to the individual shipper, so long as it is provided 
for in your tariff. The individual shipper must pay the amount for the 
services included in your estimate. You must comply with the following 
11 requirements:
    (1) You must base the binding estimate on the physical survey unless 
waived as provided in Sec.  375.401(a).
    (2) You must provide the binding estimate in writing to the 
individual shipper or other person responsible for payment of the 
freight charges.
    (3) You must retain a copy of each binding estimate as an attachment 
to be made an integral part of the bill of lading contract.
    (4) You must clearly indicate upon each binding estimate's face that 
the estimate is binding upon you and the individual shipper. Each 
binding estimate must also clearly indicate on its face that the charges 
shown apply only to those services specifically identified in the 
estimate.
    (5) You must clearly describe binding-estimate shipments and all 
services you are providing.
    (6) If it appears an individual shipper has tendered additional 
household goods or requires additional services not identified in the 
binding estimate, you are not required to honor the estimate. If an 
agreement cannot be reached as to the price or service requirements for 
the additional goods or services, you are not required to service the 
shipment. However, if you do service the shipment, before loading the 
shipment you must do one of the following three things:
    (i) Reaffirm your binding estimate.
    (ii) Prepare a new binding estimate prior to loading. The new 
estimate must be signed by the individual shipper. You should maintain a 
record of the date, time, and manner that the new estimate was prepared.
    (iii) Agree with the individual shipper, in writing, that both of 
you will consider the original binding estimate as a non-binding 
estimate subject to Sec.  375.405.
    (7) Once you load a shipment, failure to execute a new binding 
estimate or a non-binding estimate signifies you have reaffirmed the 
original binding estimate. You may not collect more than the amount of 
the original binding estimate, except as provided in paragraphs (a)(8) 
and (9) of this section.
    (8) If you believe additional services are necessary to properly 
service a shipment after the bill of lading has been issued, you must 
inform the individual shipper what the additional services are before 
performing those services. You must allow the shipper at least one hour 
to determine whether he or she wants the additional services performed. 
If the individual shipper

[[Page 130]]

agrees to pay for the additional services, you must execute a written 
attachment to be made an integral part of the bill of lading contract 
and have the individual shipper sign the written attachment. This may be 
done through fax transmissions; e-mail; overnight courier; or certified 
mail, return receipt requested. You must bill the individual shipper for 
the additional services after 30 days from delivery. If the individual 
shipper does not agree to pay the additional services, the carrier 
should perform only those additional services as are required to 
complete the delivery, and bill the individual shipper for the 
additional services after 30 days from delivery, except that you may 
collect at delivery charges for impracticable operations that do not 
exceed 15 percent of all other charges due at delivery.
    (9) If the individual shipper requests additional services after the 
bill of lading has been issued, you must inform the individual shipper 
of the additional charges involved. The individual shipper must agree to 
the new charges. You must prepare a new binding estimate and have the 
new binding estimate signed by the individual shipper. You may require 
full payment at destination for these additional services and for 100 
percent of the original binding estimate. If applicable, you also may 
require payment at delivery of charges for impracticable operations (as 
defined in your carrier tariff) not to exceed 15 percent of all other 
charges due at delivery. You must bill and collect from the individual 
shipper any applicable charges not collected at delivery in accordance 
with subpart H of this part.
    (10) Failure to relinquish possession of a shipment upon the 
individual shipper's offer to pay the binding estimate amount (or, in 
the case of a partial delivery, a prorated percentage of the binding 
estimate as set forth in paragraph (a)(11) of this section) plus charges 
for any additional services requested by the shipper after the bill of 
lading has been issued and charges, if applicable, for impracticable 
operations (subject to a maximum amount as set forth in paragraph 9 of 
this section), constitutes a failure to transport a shipment with 
``reasonable dispatch'' and subjects you to cargo delay claims pursuant 
to part 370 of this chapter.
    (11) If you make only a partial delivery of the shipment, you may 
not demand upon delivery full payment of the binding estimate. You may 
demand only a prorated percentage of the binding estimate. The prorated 
percentage must be the percentage of the weight of that portion of the 
shipment delivered relative to the total weight of the shipment. For 
example, if you deliver only 2,500 pounds of a shipment weighing 5,000 
pounds, you may demand payment at destination for only 50 percent of the 
binding estimate.
    (b) In accordance with Sec.  375.401(a), you may impose a charge for 
providing a written binding estimate. If you do not provide a binding 
estimate to an individual shipper, you must provide a non-binding 
estimate in accordance with Sec.  375.405.
    (c) You must retain a copy of the binding estimate for each move you 
perform for at least one year from the date you made the estimate and 
keep it as an attachment to be made an integral part of the bill of 
lading contract.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10575, Mar. 5, 2004; 69 
FR 17317, May 5, 2004; 72 FR 36773, July 5, 2007; 77 FR 36934, June 20, 
2012; 87 FR 24447, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  375.405  How must I provide a non-binding estimate?

    (a) If you do not provide a binding estimate to an individual 
shipper in accordance with Sec.  375.403, you must provide a non-binding 
written estimate to the individual shipper.
    (b) If you provide a non-binding estimate to an individual shipper, 
you must provide your reasonably accurate estimate of the approximate 
costs the individual shipper should expect to pay for the transportation 
and services of the shipment. You must comply with the following ten 
requirements:
    (1) You must provide reasonably accurate non-binding estimates based 
upon both the estimated weight or volume of the shipment and services 
required and the physical survey of the household goods, if required. If 
you provide a shipper with an estimate based on volume that will later 
be converted to a weight-based rate, you

[[Page 131]]

must provide the shipper an explanation in writing of the formula used 
to calculate the conversion to weight.
    (2) You must explain to the individual shipper that final charges 
calculated for shipments moved on non-binding estimates will be those 
appearing in your tariffs applicable to the transportation. You must 
explain that these final charges may exceed the approximate costs 
appearing in your estimate.
    (3) You must furnish non-binding estimates without charge and in 
writing to the individual shipper or other person responsible for 
payment of the freight charges.
    (4) You must retain a copy of each non-binding estimate as an 
attachment to be made an integral part of the bill of lading contract.
    (5) You must clearly indicate on the face of a non-binding estimate 
that the estimate is not binding upon you and the charges shown are the 
approximate charges to be assessed for the service identified in the 
estimate. The estimate must clearly state that the shipper will not be 
required to pay more than 110 percent of the non-binding estimate at the 
time of delivery.
    (6) You must clearly describe on the face of a non-binding estimate 
the entire shipment and all services you are providing.
    (7) If it appears an individual shipper has tendered additional 
household goods or requires additional services not identified in the 
non-binding estimate, you are not required to honor the estimate. If an 
agreement cannot be reached as to the price or service requirements for 
the additional goods or services, you are not required to service the 
shipment. However, if you do service the shipment, before loading the 
shipment, you must do one of the following two things:
    (i) Reaffirm your non-binding estimate.
    (ii) Prepare a new non-binding estimate which must be signed by the 
individual shipper. You should maintain a record of the date, time, and 
manner that the new estimate was prepared.
    (8) Once you load a shipment, failure to execute a new non-binding 
estimate signifies you have reaffirmed the original non-binding 
estimate. You may not collect more than 110 percent of the amount of the 
original non-binding estimate at destination, except as provided in 
paragraphs (b)(9) and (10) of this section.
    (9) If you believe additional services are necessary to properly 
service a shipment after the bill of lading has been issued, you must 
inform the individual shipper what the additional services are before 
performing those services. You must allow the shipper at least one hour 
to determine whether he or she wants the additional services performed. 
If the individual shipper agrees to pay for the additional services, you 
must execute a written attachment to be made an integral part of the 
bill of lading contract and have the individual shipper sign the written 
attachment. This may be done through fax transmissions; e-mail; 
overnight courier; or certified mail, return receipt requested. You must 
bill the individual shipper for the additional services after 30 days 
from delivery. If the individual shipper does not agree to pay the 
additional services, the carrier should perform only those additional 
services as are required to complete the delivery, and bill the 
individual shipper for the additional services after 30 days from 
delivery, except that you may collect at delivery charges for 
impracticable operations that do not exceed 15 percent of all other 
charges due at delivery.
    (10) If the individual shipper requests additional services after 
the bill of lading has been issued, you must inform the individual 
shipper of the additional charges involved. You may require full payment 
at destination for these additional services and (unless you make only a 
partial delivery, in which case you must collect a prorated percentage 
of the original non-binding estimate as set forth in Sec.  375.407(c) of 
this part) for up to 110 percent of the original non-binding estimate. 
If applicable, you also may require payment at delivery of charges for 
impracticable operations (as defined in your carrier tariff) not to 
exceed 15 percent of all other charges due at delivery. You must bill 
and collect from the individual shipper any applicable charges not 
collected at delivery in accordance with subpart H of this part.

[[Page 132]]

    (c) If you furnish a non-binding estimate, you must enter the 
estimated charges upon the bill of lading.
    (d) You must retain a copy of the non-binding estimate for each move 
you perform for at least one year from the date you made the estimate 
and keep it as an attachment to be made an integral part of the bill of 
lading contract.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10576, Mar. 5, 2004; 72 
FR 36773, July 5, 2007; 77 FR 36935, June 20, 2012; 87 FR 24447, Apr. 
26, 2022]



Sec.  375.407  Under what circumstances must I relinquish possession
of a collect-on-delivery shipment transported under a non-binding
estimate?

    (a) If an individual shipper pays you up to 110 percent of the non-
binding estimate on a collect-on-delivery shipment (or, in the case of a 
partial delivery, a prorated percentage of the non-binding estimate as 
set forth in paragraph (c) of this section), you must relinquish 
possession of the shipment at the time of delivery. If there are either 
charges for any additional services requested by the shipper after the 
bill of lading has been issued and/or charges, if applicable, for 
impracticable operations (subject to a maximum amount as set forth in 
paragraph (d) of this section), and the shipper also pays you for such 
charges, you must relinquish possession of the shipment at the time of 
delivery. You must accept the form of payment agreed to at the time of 
estimate, unless the shipper agrees in writing to a change in the form 
of payment.
    (b) Failure to relinquish possession of a shipment after the 
individual shipper offers to pay you up to 110 percent of the 
approximate costs of a non-binding estimate plus any additional charges 
described in paragraph (a) of this section constitutes a failure to 
transport a shipment with ``reasonable dispatch'' and subjects you to 
cargo delay claims pursuant to part 370 of this chapter.
    (c) If you make only a partial delivery of the shipment, you may not 
demand full payment of the non-binding estimate. You may demand at 
delivery only a prorated percentage of the non-binding estimate (or a 
prorated percentage of an amount up to 110 percent of the non-binding 
estimate). The prorated percentage must be the percentage of the weight 
of that portion of the shipment delivered relative to the total weight 
of the shipment. For example, if you deliver only 2,500 pounds of a 
shipment weighing 5,000 pounds, you may demand payment of 50 percent of 
not more than 110 percent of the non-binding estimate.
    (d) You may not demand payment of charges for impracticable 
operations, as defined in your tariff, of more than 15 percent of all 
other charges due at delivery. You must bill and collect from the 
individual shipper charges for impracticable operations not collected at 
delivery in accordance with subpart H of this part.

[72 FR 36774, July 5, 2007]



Sec.  375.409  May household goods brokers provide estimates?

    (a) Subject to the limitations in Sec.  371.113(a) of this 
subchapter, household goods brokers may provide estimates to individual 
shippers provided there is a written agreement between the broker and 
you, the motor carrier, adopting the broker's estimate as your own 
estimate. If you, the motor carrier, make such an agreement with a 
household goods broker, you must ensure compliance with all requirements 
of this part pertaining to estimates, including the requirement that you 
must relinquish possession of the shipment if the shipper pays you no 
more than 110 percent of a non-binding estimate at the time of delivery.
    (b) Your written agreement with the household goods broker(s) must 
include the items required in Sec.  371.115(a) of this subchapter.

[75 FR 72998, Nov. 29, 2010]



            Subpart E_Pick Up of Shipments of Household Goods

                             Before Loading



Sec.  375.501  [Reserved]



Sec.  375.503  Must I write up an inventory?

    (a) You must prepare a written, itemized inventory for each shipment

[[Page 133]]

of household goods you transport for an individual shipper. The 
inventory must identify every carton and every uncartoned item that is 
included in the shipment. When you prepare the inventory, an 
identification number that corresponds to the inventory must be placed 
on each article that is included in the shipment.
    (b) You must prepare the inventory before or at the time of loading 
in the vehicle for transportation in a manner that provides the 
individual shipper with the opportunity to observe and verify the 
accuracy of the inventory if he or she so requests.
    (c) You must furnish a complete copy of the inventory to the 
individual shipper before or at the time of loading the shipment. A copy 
of the inventory, signed by both you and the individual shipper, must be 
provided to the shipper, together with a copy of the bill of lading, 
before or at the time you load the shipment.
    (d) Upon delivery, you must provide the individual shipper with the 
opportunity to observe and verify that the same articles are being 
delivered and the condition of those articles. You must also provide the 
individual shipper the opportunity to note in writing any missing 
articles and the condition of any damaged or destroyed articles. In 
addition, you must also provide the shipper with a copy of all such 
notations.
    (e) You must retain inventories for each move you perform for at 
least one year from the date you made the inventory and keep it as an 
attachment to be made an integral part of the bill of lading contract.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10576, Mar. 5, 2004]



Sec.  375.505  Must I write up a bill of lading?

    (a) Before you receive a shipment of household goods you will 
transport for an individual shipper, you must prepare and issue a bill 
of lading. The bill of lading must contain the terms and conditions of 
the contract.
    (b) On a bill of lading, you must include the following 17 items:
    (1) Your legal or trade name (i.e., doing business as name) as it is 
registered with FMCSA, to include your physical address.
    (2) The names, telephone numbers, addresses, and U.S. DOT numbers of 
any motor carriers, when known, who will participate in transportation 
of the shipment.
    (3) The individual shipper's name, address, and, if available, 
telephone number(s).
    (4) The form of payment you and your agents will honor at delivery. 
The payment information must be the same that was entered on the 
estimate and order for service.
    (5) When you transport on a collect-on-delivery basis, the name, 
address, and if furnished, the telephone number, fax number, or email 
address of a person to notify about the charges. The notification may be 
made by any method of communication, including, but not limited to, fax 
transmission; email; overnight courier; or certified mail, return 
receipt requested.
    (6) For non-guaranteed service, the agreed date or period of time 
for pickup of the shipment and the agreed date or period of time for the 
delivery of the shipment.
    (7) For guaranteed service, subject to tariff provisions, the dates 
for pickup and delivery, and any penalty or per diem entitlements due 
the individual shipper under the agreement.
    (8) The actual date of pickup.
    (9) The company or carrier identification number of the vehicle(s) 
upon which you load the individual shipper's shipment.
    (10) The terms and conditions for payment of the total charges, 
including notice of any minimum charges.
    (11) The maximum amount you will demand at the time of delivery to 
obtain possession of the shipment, when you transport under a collect-
on-delivery basis.
    (12) The valuation statement provided in the Surface Transportation 
Board's released rates order requires individual shippers either to 
choose Full Value Protection for your liability or waive the Full Value 
Protection in favor of the STB's released rates. The released rates may 
be increased annually by the motor carrier based on the U.S. Department 
of Commerce's Cost of Living Adjustment. Contact the STB

[[Page 134]]

for a copy of the Released Rates of Motor Carrier Shipments of Household 
Goods. If the individual shipper waives your Full Value Protection in 
writing on the STB's valuation statement, you must include the charges, 
if any, for optional valuation coverage (other than Full Value 
Protection).
    (13) Evidence of any insurance coverage sold to or procured for the 
individual shipper from an independent insurer, including the amount of 
the premium for such insurance.
    (14) A complete description of any special or accessorial services 
ordered and minimum weight or volume charges applicable to the shipment, 
subject to the following two conditions:
    (i) If you provide service for individual shippers on rates based 
upon the transportation of a minimum weight or volume, you must indicate 
on the bill of lading the minimum weight- or volume-based rates, and the 
minimum charges applicable to the shipment.
    (ii) If you do not indicate the minimum rates and charges, your 
tariff must provide how you will compute the final charges relating to 
such a shipment based upon the actual weight or volume of the shipment.
    (15) Each attachment to the bill of lading. Each attachment is an 
integral part of the bill of lading contract. If not provided elsewhere 
to the shipper, the following two items must be added as an attachment 
to the bill of lading.
    (i) The binding or non-binding estimate.
    (ii) The inventory.
    (16) Any identification or registration number you assign to the 
shipment.
    (17) A statement that the bill of lading incorporates by reference 
all the services included on the estimate.
    (c) A copy of the bill of lading must accompany a shipment at all 
times while in your (or your agent's) possession. Before the vehicle 
leaves the residence of origin, the bill of lading must be in the 
possession of the driver responsible for the shipment.
    (d) You must retain a copy of the bill of lading for each move you 
perform for at least 1 year from the date you created the bill of 
lading.
    (e) You, your agent, or your driver must inform the individual 
shipper if you reasonably expect a special or accessorial service is 
necessary to safely transport a shipment. You must refuse to accept the 
shipment when you reasonably expect a special or accessorial service is 
necessary to safely transport a shipment and the individual shipper 
refuses to purchase the special or accessorial service. You must make a 
written note if the shipper refuses any special or accessorial services 
that you reasonably expect to be necessary.
    (f) You and the individual shipper must sign the bill of lading 
prior to the shipment being loaded. The bill of lading must be signed at 
both the origin and the destination. You must provide a dated copy of 
the bill of lading to the individual shipper at the time you sign the 
bill of lading.
    (g)(1) You may provide the individual shipper with blank or 
incomplete estimates, bills of lading, or any other blank or incomplete 
documents pertaining to the move.
    (2) You may require the individual shipper to sign an incomplete 
document prior to the shipment being loaded provided it contains all 
relevant shipping information except the actual shipment weight and any 
other information necessary to determine the final charges for all 
services performed. You may omit only that information that cannot be 
determined before loading, such as actual shipment weight in the case of 
shipments moved under non-binding estimates or unforeseen charges 
incurred in transit.
    (3) You may not require an individual shipper to sign a blank 
document.
    (h) The bill of lading must be provided to, signed, and dated by the 
individual shipper at least 3 days before the shipment is scheduled to 
be loaded. You must provide the individual shipper the opportunity to 
rescind the bill of lading without any penalty for a 3-day period after 
the individual shipper signs the bill of lading. If the individual 
shipper tenders additional items to be moved or requires additional 
services on the day of the move, resulting in a new binding estimate 
under Sec.  375.403(a)(6)(ii) or a new non-binding estimate under Sec.  
375.405(b)(7)(ii), the corresponding changes to the bill of

[[Page 135]]

lading from the new estimate do not require a new 3-day period as 
otherwise required in this paragraph (h).

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10576, Mar. 5, 2004; 72 
FR 36774, July 5, 2007; 77 FR 25373, Apr. 30, 2012; 80 FR 59071, Oct. 1, 
2015; 83 FR 16224, Apr. 16, 2018; 87 FR 24447, Apr. 26, 2022]

                          Weighing the Shipment



Sec.  375.507  Must I determine the weight of a shipment?

    (a) When you transport household goods on a non-binding estimate 
dependent upon the shipment weight, you must determine the weight of 
each shipment transported before the assessment of any charges.
    (b) You must weigh the shipment upon a certified scale.
    (c) You must provide a written explanation of volume to weight 
conversions, when you provide an estimate by volume and convert the 
volume to weight.



Sec.  375.509  How must I determine the weight of a shipment?

    (a) You must weigh the shipment by using one of the following two 
methods:
    (1) First method--origin weigh. You determine the difference between 
the tare weight of the vehicle before loading at the origin of the 
shipment and the gross weight of the same vehicle after loading the 
shipment.
    (2) Second method--back weigh. You determine the difference between 
the gross weight of the vehicle with the shipment loaded and the tare 
weight of the same vehicle after you unload the shipment.
    (b) The following three conditions must exist for both the tare and 
gross weighings:
    (1) The vehicle must have installed or loaded all pads, dollies, 
hand trucks, ramps, and other equipment required in the transportation 
of the shipment.
    (2) The driver and other persons must be off the vehicle at the time 
of either weighing.
    (3) The fuel tanks on the vehicle must be full at the time of each 
weighing, or, in the alternative, when you use the first method--origin 
weigh, in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, where the tare weighing is 
the first weighing performed, you must refrain from adding fuel between 
the two weighings.
    (c) You may detach the trailer of a tractor-trailer vehicle 
combination from the tractor and have the trailer weighed separately at 
each weighing provided the length of the scale platform is adequate to 
accommodate and support the entire trailer at one time.
    (d) You must use the net weight of shipments transported in 
containers. You must calculate the difference between the tare weight of 
the container (including all pads, blocking and bracing used in the 
transportation of the shipment) and the gross weight of the container 
with the shipment loaded in the container.



Sec.  375.511  May I use an alternative method for shipments weighing
3,000 pounds or less?

    For shipments weighing 3,000 pounds or less (1,362 kilograms or 
less), you may weigh the shipment upon a platform or warehouse certified 
scale before loading for transportation or after unloading.



Sec.  375.513  Must I give the individual shipper an opportunity to
observe the weighing?

    You must give the individual shipper or any other person responsible 
for the payment of the freight charges the right to observe all 
weighings of the shipment. You must advise the individual shipper, or 
any other person entitled to observe the weighings, where and when each 
weighing will occur. You must give the person who will observe the 
weighings a reasonable opportunity to be present to observe the 
weighings.



Sec.  375.515  May an individual shipper waive his/her right to observe
each weighing?

    (a) If an individual shipper elects not to observe a weighing, the 
shipper is presumed to have waived that right.
    (b) If an individual shipper elects not to observe a reweighing, the 
shipper must waive that right in writing. The individual shipper may 
send the waiver notification via fax transmission; e-mail; overnight 
courier; or certified mail, return receipt requested.
    (c) Waiver of the right to observe a weighing or re-weighing does 
not affect

[[Page 136]]

any other rights of the individual shipper under this part or otherwise.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10576, Mar. 5, 2004]



Sec.  375.517  May an individual shipper demand re-weighing?

    After you inform the individual shipper of the billing weight and 
total charges and before actually beginning to unload a shipment weighed 
at origin (first method under Sec.  375.509(a)(1)), the individual 
shipper may demand a re-weigh. You must base your freight bill charges 
upon the re-weigh weight.



Sec.  375.519  Must I obtain weight tickets?

    (a) You must obtain weight tickets whenever we require you to weigh 
the shipment in accordance with this subpart. You must obtain a separate 
weight ticket for each weighing. The weigh master must sign each weight 
ticket. Each weight ticket must contain the following six items:
    (1) The complete name and location of the scale.
    (2) The date of each weighing.
    (3) The identification of the weight entries as being the tare, 
gross, or net weights.
    (4) The company or carrier identification of the vehicle.
    (5) The last name of the individual shipper as it appears on the 
bill of lading.
    (6) The carrier's shipment registration or bill of lading number.
    (b) When both weighings are performed on the same scale, one weight 
ticket may be used to record both weighings.
    (c) As part of the file on the shipment, you must retain the 
original weight ticket or tickets relating to the determination of the 
weight of a shipment.
    (d) All freight bills you present to an individual shipper must 
include true copies of all weight tickets obtained in the determination 
of the shipment weight in order to collect any shipment charges 
dependent upon the weight transported.



Sec.  375.521  What must I do if an individual shipper wants to know 
the actual weight or charges for a shipment before I tender delivery?

    (a) If an individual shipper of a shipment being transported on a 
collect-on-delivery basis specifically requests notification of the 
actual weight or volume and charges on the shipment, you must comply 
with this request. This requirement is conditioned upon the individual 
shipper's supplying you with an address or telephone number where the 
individual shipper will receive the communication. You must make your 
notification by telephone; in person; fax transmissions; e-mail; 
overnight courier; or certified mail, return receipt requested.
    (b) The individual shipper must receive your notification at least 
one full 24-hour day before any tender of the shipment for delivery, 
excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Federal holidays.
    (c) You may disregard the 24-hour notification requirement on 
shipments in any one of the following three circumstances:
    (1) The shipment will be back weighed (i.e., weighed at 
destination).
    (2) Pickup and delivery encompass two consecutive weekdays, if the 
individual shipper agrees.
    (3) The shipment is moving under a non-binding estimate and the 
maximum payment required at time of delivery is 110 percent of the 
estimated charges, but only if the individual shipper agrees to waive 
the 24-hour notification requirement.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10576, Mar. 5, 2004]



                  Subpart F_Transportation of Shipments



Sec.  375.601  Must I transport the shipment in a timely manner?

    Yes. Transportation in a timely manner is also known as ``reasonable 
dispatch service.'' You must provide reasonable dispatch service to all 
individual shippers, except for transportation on the basis of 
guaranteed pickup and delivery dates.

[[Page 137]]



Sec.  375.603  When must I tender a shipment for delivery?

    You must tender a shipment for delivery for an individual shipper on 
the agreed delivery date or within the period specified on the bill of 
lading. Upon the request or concurrence of the individual shipper, you 
may waive this requirement.



Sec.  375.605  How must I notify an individual shipper of any service
delays?

    (a) When you are unable to perform either the pickup or delivery of 
a shipment on the dates or during the periods specified in the bill of 
lading and as soon as the delay becomes apparent to you, you must notify 
the individual shipper of the delay, at your expense, in one of the 
following six ways:
    (1) By telephone.
    (2) In person.
    (3) Fax transmissions.
    (4) E-mail.
    (5) Overnight courier.
    (6) Certified mail, return receipt requested.
    (b) You must advise the individual shipper of the dates or periods 
you expect to be able to pick up and/or deliver the shipment. You must 
consider the needs of the individual shipper in your advisement. You 
also must do the following four things:
    (1) You must prepare a written record of the date, time, and manner 
of notification.
    (2) You must prepare a written record of your amended date or period 
for pick-up or delivery.
    (3) You must retain these records as a part of your file on the 
shipment. The retention period is one year from the date of 
notification.
    (4) You must furnish a copy of the notice to the individual shipper 
by first class mail or in person if the individual shipper requests a 
copy of the notice.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10576, Mar. 5, 2004; 87 
FR 24448, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  375.607  What must I do if I am able to tender a shipment for
final delivery more than 24 hours before a specified date?

    (a) You may ask the individual shipper to accept an early delivery 
date. If the individual shipper does not concur with your request or the 
individual shipper does not request an early delivery date, you may, at 
your discretion, place a shipment in storage under your own account and 
at your own expense in a warehouse located near the destination of the 
shipment. If you place the shipment in storage, you must comply with 
paragraph (b) of this section. You may comply with paragraph (c) of this 
section, at your discretion.
    (b) You must immediately notify the individual shipper of the name 
and address of the warehouse where you place the shipment. You must make 
and keep a record of your notification as a part of your shipment 
records. You have responsibility for the shipment under the terms and 
conditions of the bill of lading. You are responsible for the charges 
for redelivery, handling, and storage until you make final delivery.
    (c) You may limit your responsibility under paragraph (b) of this 
section up to the agreed delivery date or the first day of the period of 
time of delivery as specified in the bill of lading.



Sec.  375.609  What must I do for shippers who store household goods
in transit?

    (a) If you are holding goods for storage-in-transit (SIT) and the 
period of time is about to expire, you must comply with this section.
    (b) You must notify the individual shipper, in writing of the 
following four items:
    (1) The date of conversion to permanent storage.
    (2) The existence of a nine-month period after the date of 
conversion to permanent storage when the individual shipper may file 
claims against you for loss or damage occurring to the goods in transit 
or during the storage-in-transit period.
    (3) The fact your liability is ending.
    (4) The fact the individual shipper's property will be subject to 
the rules, regulations, and charges of the warehouseman.
    (c) You must make this notification at least 10 days before the 
expiration date of either one of the following two periods:

[[Page 138]]

    (1) The specified period of time when the goods are to be held in 
storage.
    (2) The maximum period of time provided in your tariff for storage-
in-transit.
    (d) You must notify the individual shipper by facsimile 
transmission; e-mail; overnight courier; or certified mail, return 
receipt requested.
    (e) If you are holding household goods in storage-in-transit for a 
period of time less than 10 days, you must give notification to the 
individual shipper of the information specified in paragraph (b) of this 
section one day before the expiration date of the specified time when 
the goods are to be held in such storage.
    (f) You must maintain a record of notifications as part of the 
records of the shipment.
    (g) Your failure or refusal to notify the individual shipper will 
automatically effect a continuance of your carrier liability according 
to the applicable tariff provisions with respect to storage-in-transit, 
until the end of the day following the date when you actually gave 
notice.
    (h) When you place household goods in permanent storage, you must 
place the household goods in the name of the individual shipper and 
provide contact information for the shipper in the form of a telephone 
number, mailing address and/or email address.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 69 FR 10577, Mar. 5, 2004; 77 
FR 36935, June 20, 2012]



                     Subpart G_Delivery of Shipments



Sec.  375.701  May I provide for a release of liability on my delivery
receipt?

    (a) Your delivery receipt or shipping document must not contain any 
language purporting to release or discharge you or your agents from 
liability.
    (b) The delivery receipt may include a statement the property was 
received in apparent good condition except as noted on the shipping 
documents.



Sec.  375.703  What is the maximum collect-on-delivery amount I may demand
at the time of delivery?

    (a) On a binding estimate, the maximum amount is the exact estimate 
of the charges, plus charges for any additional services requested by 
the shipper after the bill of lading has been issued and charges, if 
applicable, for impracticable operations as defined in your carrier 
tariff. The maximum amount of charges for impracticable operations you 
may collect on delivery is an amount equal to 15 percent of all other 
charges due at delivery.
    (b) On a non-binding estimate, the maximum amount is 110 percent of 
the non-binding estimate of the charges, plus charges for any additional 
services requested by the shipper after the bill of lading has been 
issued and charges, if applicable, for impracticable operations as 
defined in your carrier tariff. The maximum amount of charges for 
impracticable operations you may collect on delivery is an amount equal 
to 15 percent of all other charges due at delivery.

[72 FR 36774, July 5, 2007]



Sec.  375.705  If a shipment is transported on more than one vehicle,
what charges may I collect at delivery?

    (a) At your discretion, you may do one of the following three 
things:
    (1) You may defer the collection of all charges until you deliver 
the entire shipment.
    (2) If you have determined the charges for the entire shipment, you 
may collect charges for the portion of the shipment tendered for 
delivery. You must determine the percentage of the charges for the 
entire shipment represented by the portion of the shipment tendered for 
delivery.
    (3) If you cannot reasonably calculate the charges for the entire 
shipment, you must determine the charges for the portion of the shipment 
being delivered. You must collect this amount. The total charges you 
assess for the transportation of the separate portions of the shipment 
must not be more than the charges due for the entire shipment.
    (b) In the event of the loss or destruction of any part of a 
shipment transported on more than one vehicle, you must collect the 
charges as provided in Sec.  375.707.

[[Page 139]]



Sec.  375.707  If a shipment is partially lost or destroyed, what 
charges may I collect at delivery?

    (a) (1) If a shipment is partially lost or destroyed, you may 
collect at delivery:
    (i) A prorated percentage of the binding estimate or a prorated 
percentage of up to 110 percent of the non-binding estimate. The 
prorated percentage is equal to the percentage of the weight of that 
portion of the shipment delivered relative to the total weight of the 
shipment. For example, if you deliver only 2,500 pounds of a shipment 
weighing 5,000 pounds, you may demand at destination, as applicable, 
only 50 percent of a binding estimate or 50 percent of not more than 110 
percent of a non-binding estimate;
    (ii) Charges for any additional services requested by the shipper 
after the bill of lading has been issued; and
    (iii) Charges for impracticable operations, if applicable, except 
that such charges must not exceed 15 percent of all other charges due at 
delivery.
    (iv) Any specific valuation charge due.
    (2) You must bill and collect from the individual shipper any 
remaining charges not collected at delivery in accordance with subpart H 
of this part.
    (b) You must determine, at your own expense, the proportion of the 
shipment, based on actual or constructive weight, not lost or destroyed 
in transit.
    (c) You may disregard paragraph (a)(1) of this section if loss or 
destruction was due to an act or omission of the individual shipper.
    (d) The individual shipper's rights are in addition to, and not in 
lieu of, any other rights the individual shipper may have with respect 
to a shipment of household goods you or your agent(s) partially lost or 
destroyed in transit. This applies whether or not the individual shipper 
exercises any rights to obtain a refund of the portion of your published 
freight charges corresponding to the portion of the lost or destroyed 
shipment (including any charges for accessorial or terminal services) at 
the time you dispose of claims for loss, damage, or injury to articles 
in the shipment under part 370 of this chapter.

[72 FR 36775, July 5, 2007]



Sec.  375.709  If a shipment is totally lost or destroyed, what charges
may I collect at delivery?

    (a) You are forbidden from collecting, or requiring an individual 
shipper to pay, any freight charges (including any charges for 
accessorial or terminal services) when a household goods shipment is 
totally lost or destroyed in transit. The following two conditions also 
apply:
    (1) You must collect any specific valuation charge due.
    (2) You may disregard paragraph (a) of this section if loss or 
destruction was due to an act or omission of the individual shipper.
    (b) The individual shipper's rights are in addition to, and not in 
lieu of, any other rights the individual shipper may have with respect 
to a shipment of household goods you or your agent(s) totally lost or 
destroyed in transit. This applies whether or not the individual shipper 
exercises its rights provided in paragraph (a) of this section.



                     Subpart H_Collection of Charges



Sec.  375.801  What types of charges are subject to this subpart?

    This subpart applies to all shipments of household goods that:
    (a) Entail a balance due invoice; or
    (b) Are transported on an extension of credit basis.

[69 FR 10577, Mar. 5, 2004, as amended at 87 FR 24448, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  375.803  How must I present my invoice?

    You must present your invoice in accordance with Sec.  375.807.

[69 FR 10577, Mar. 5, 2004, as amended at 87 FR 24448, Apr. 26, 2022]



Sec.  375.805  If I am forced to relinquish a collect-on-delivery shipment
before the payment of ALL charges, how do I collect the balance?

    On ``collect-on-delivery'' shipments, you must present your invoice 
for all transportation charges within 15 days as required by Sec.  
375.807.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 87 FR 24448, Apr. 26, 2022]

[[Page 140]]



Sec.  375.807  What actions may I take to collect the charges upon
my invoice?

    (a) You must present an invoice within 15 days (excluding Saturdays, 
Sundays, and Federal holidays) of the date of delivery of a shipment at 
its destination.
    (b) The credit period must be seven days (including Saturdays, 
Sundays, and Federal holidays).
    (c) You must provide in your tariffs the following four things:
    (1) You must automatically extend the credit period to a total of 30 
calendar days for any shipper who has not paid your invoice within the 
7-day period. However, for charges for impracticable operations that are 
not collected at delivery, you may not extend the credit period beyond 
30 days after you present your invoice.
    (2) You will assess a service charge to each individual shipper 
equal to one percent of the amount of the invoice, subject to a $20 
minimum charge, for the extension of the credit period. You will assess 
the service charge for each 30-day extension the charges go unpaid.
    (3) You must deny credit to any shipper who fails to pay a duly-
presented invoice within the 30-day period. You may grant credit to the 
individual shipper when the individual shipper satisfies he/she will 
promptly pay all future invoices duly presented.
    (4) You must ensure all payments of invoices are strictly in 
accordance with the rules and regulations of this part for the 
settlement of your rates and charges.

[68 FR 35091, June 11, 2003, as amended at 72 FR 36775, July 5, 2007; 87 
FR 24448, Apr. 26, 2022]



                           Subpart I_Penalties



Sec.  375.901  What penalties do we impose for violations of this part?

    The penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. Chapter 149, Civil and Criminal 
Penalties apply to this part. These penalties do not overlap. 
Notwithstanding these civil penalties, nothing in this section shall 
deprive any holder of a receipt or a bill of lading any remedy or right 
of action under existing law.





 Sec. Appendix A to Part 375--Your Rights and Responsibilities When You 
                                  Move

                          General Requirements

    The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's (FMCSA) 
regulations protect consumers of interstate moves and define the rights 
and responsibilities of consumers (shippers) and household goods motor 
carriers (movers).
    The household goods motor carrier gave you this booklet to provide 
information about your rights and responsibilities as an individual 
shipper of household goods. Your primary responsibilities are to ensure 
that you understand the terms and conditions of the moving contract 
(bill of lading), and know what to do in case problems arise.
    The primary responsibility for protecting your move lies with you in 
selecting a reputable household goods mover or household goods broker, 
and making sure you understand the terms and conditions of your contract 
and the remedies that are available to you in case problems arise.

                      Definitions and Common Terms

    Accessorial (Additional) Services--These are services such as 
packing, unpacking, appliance servicing, or piano carrying, that you 
request to be performed or are necessary because of landlord 
requirements or other special circumstances.
    Advanced Charges--Charges for services performed by someone other 
than the mover. A professional, craftsman, or other third party may 
perform these services at your request. The mover pays for these 
services and adds the charges to your bill of lading.
    Agent--A local moving company authorized to act on behalf of a 
larger national company.
    Appliance Service by Third Party--The preparation of major 
electrical appliances to make them safe for transportation. Charges for 
these services may be in addition to the line-haul charges.
    Bill of Lading--The receipt for your shipment and the contract for 
its transportation.
    Broker--A company that arranges for the transportation of household 
goods by a registered moving company.
    Collect on Delivery (COD)--This means payment is required at the 
time of delivery at the destination residence (or warehouse).
    Certified Scale--Any scale designed for weighing motor vehicles, 
including trailers or semitrailers not attached to a tractor, and 
certified by an authorized scale inspection and licensing authority. A 
certified scale may also be a platform or warehouse type scale that is 
properly inspected and certified.

[[Page 141]]

    Commercial Zone--A commercial zone is roughly equivalent to the 
local metropolitan area of a city or town. Moves that cross state lines 
within these zones are exempt from FMCSA's commercial jurisdiction and, 
therefore, the moves are not subject to FMCSA household goods 
regulations. For example, a move between Brooklyn, New York, and 
Hackensack, New Jersey, would be within the New York City commercial 
zone. Although it crossed states lines, this move would not be subject 
to FMCSA household goods regulations.
    Estimate, Binding--This is a written agreement made in advance with 
your mover. It guarantees the total cost of the move based upon the 
quantities and services shown on the estimate.
    Estimate, Non-Binding--This is what your mover believes the cost 
will be, based upon the estimated weight of the shipment and the 
services requested. A non-binding estimate is not binding on the mover. 
The final charges will be based upon the actual weight of your shipment, 
the services provided, and the tariff provisions in effect.
    Expedited Service--An agreement with the mover to perform 
transportation by a set date in exchange for an agreed upon additional 
charge.
    Flight Charge--An additional charge for carrying items up or down 
flights of stairs. Charges for these services may be in addition to the 
line-haul charges.
    Full Value Protection--The liability coverage option you are to 
receive for your shipment unless you waive this option in writing. It 
means your mover will process your loss and damage claim by replacing or 
repairing the item to restore its original like, kind, and quality.
    Guaranteed Pickup and/or Delivery Service--An additional level of 
service featuring guaranteed dates of service. Your mover will provide 
reimbursement to you for delays. This service may be subject to minimum 
weight requirements.
    High-Value Article--These are items valued at more than $100 per 
pound.
    Household Goods--As used in connection with transportation, 
household goods are the personal effects or property used, or to be 
used, in a dwelling, when part of the equipment or supplies of the 
dwelling belong to an individual shipper. Transporting of the household 
goods must be arranged for and paid by you or another individual on your 
behalf.
    Household Goods Motor Carrier--A motor carrier that, in the normal 
course of its business of providing transportation of household goods, 
offers some or all the following additional services: (1) Binding and 
non-binding estimates, (2) Inventorying, (3) Protective packing and 
unpacking of individual items at personal residences, and (4) Loading 
and unloading at personal residences. The term does not include a motor 
carrier when the motor carrier provides transportation of household 
goods in containers or trailers that are entirely loaded and unloaded by 
an individual (other than an employee or agent of the motor carrier).
    Individual Shipper--Any person who:
    1. Is the shipper, consignor, or consignee of a household goods 
shipment;
    2. Is identified as the shipper, consignor, or consignee on the face 
of the bill of lading;
    3. Owns the household goods being transported; and
    4. Pays his or her own tariff transportation charges.
    Impracticable Operations--Conditions which make it physically 
impossible for the mover to perform pickup or delivery with its normally 
assigned road-haul equipment so that the mover is required to use 
specialized equipment and/or additional labor to complete pickup or 
delivery of your shipment. A mover may require payment of additional 
charges for services required due to impracticable operations, even if 
you do not request these services. The specific services considered to 
be impracticable operations by your mover are defined in your mover's 
tariff.
    Inventory--The detailed list of your household goods showing the 
quantity and condition of each item.
    Line-Haul Charges--The charges for the transportation portion of 
your move when a household goods mover transports your shipment.
    Household goods brokers or movers must provide you with basic 
information before you move. You should expect to receive the following 
information:

 A written estimate
 The ``Ready to Move'' Brochure (or a web link to 
access the document)
 Information about the mover's arbitration program
 Written notice about access to the mover's tariff
 The process for handling claims
 This booklet, Your Rights and Responsibilities When 
You Move (or a web link to access the document)

    You should avoid brokers and movers that are not registered with 
FMCSA or refuse to perform a physical survey of your household goods. If 
a broker or mover requires cash, FMCSA advises you to retain all 
receipts and supporting documents associated with the transaction.

                       Customer's Responsibilities

    As a customer, you have responsibilities both to your mover and to 
yourself. They include:
     Reading all moving documents issued by the mover 
or broker.
     Being available at the time of pickup and 
delivery of your shipment. If you are not

[[Page 142]]

available, you should appoint a representative to act on your behalf.
     Promptly notifying your mover if something has 
changed regarding your shipment (i.e., move dates, additional items).
     Making payment in the amount required and in the 
form agreed to with the mover based on the bill of lading document.
     Promptly filing claims for loss, damage, or 
delays with your mover, if necessary.

                                Estimates

    The two most important things to understand for your interstate move 
are: The types of estimates offered and the mover's liability in the 
event of loss or damage. As you read further, you will discover that 
movers offer two different types of estimates--binding and non-binding. 
The type of estimate you select determines how the charges for your 
shipment will be calculated. The estimate provided by your mover will 
notify you of the two liability coverage options: Option 1--Full Value 
Protection and Option 2--Waiver of Full Value Protection (60 cents per 
pound). The mover's liability is discussed in detail in the next 
section.
    FMCSA requires your mover to provide written estimates on every 
shipment transported for you. Your mover's verbal quote of charges is 
not an official estimate since it is not in writing. Your mover must 
provide you with a written estimate of all charges including 
transportation, and accessorial and advanced charges (defined at the end 
of this booklet). This written estimate must be dated and signed by you 
and the mover.
    The estimate your mover provides you will include a statement 
notifying you of two options of liability coverage for your shipment: 
Full Value Protection and Waiver of Full Value Protection, Released 
Value of 60 cents per pound per article.
    Your mover must provide an estimate based upon a physical survey of 
your household goods. A physical survey means a survey which is 
conducted on-site or virtually, that allows your mover to see the 
household goods to be transported. A physical survey must be performed 
unless you waive this requirement in writing.
    Please be aware that a household goods broker may only provide an 
estimate on a mover's behalf if the broker has a written agreement with 
the mover and uses the mover's published tariff.
    You and your mover may agree to change an estimate of charges based 
on changed circumstances, but only before your shipment is loaded. Your 
mover may not change an estimate after loading the shipment. There is 
more information about changes to estimates in the following sections.

                            Binding Estimates

    A binding estimate guarantees that you cannot be required to pay 
more than the amount on the estimate at the time of delivery. However, 
if you add additional items to your shipment or request additional 
services, you and your mover may:
     Agree to abide by the original binding estimate;
     prepare a new binding estimate; or
     agree to convert the binding estimate into a non-
binding estimate.
    If you and the mover do not agree to one of the three options listed 
above, the mover is not required to service the shipment. If the mover 
does not give you a new binding estimate in writing, or agree in writing 
to convert the binding estimate to a non-binding estimate before your 
goods are loaded, the original binding estimate is reaffirmed. Under 
these circumstances, your mover should not charge or collect more than 
the amount of the original binding estimate at delivery for the 
quantities and services included in the estimate.
    If there are unforeseen circumstances (such as elevators, stairs, or 
required parking permits) at the destination the mover can bill you for 
these additional expenses after 30 days from delivery. Charges for 
services required because of impracticable operations (defined at the 
end of this booklet) are due at delivery, but may not exceed 15 percent 
of all other charges due at delivery; any remaining charges will be 
billed to you with payment due in 30 days from delivery.
    If you are unable to pay 100 percent of the charges on a binding 
estimate at delivery, your mover may place your shipment in storage at 
your expense. In an effort to schedule delivery of your shipment from 
storage, you will have to pay the required charges and storage fees, if 
listed in the tariffs, after your shipment arrives at the residence.
    Your mover may charge a fee to prepare a binding estimate.

                          Non-Binding Estimates

    A non-binding estimate is intended to provide you with an estimate 
of the cost of your move. A non-binding estimate is not a guarantee of 
your final costs, but it should be reasonably accurate. The estimate 
must indicate that your final charges will be based upon the actual 
weight of your shipment, the services provided, and the mover's 
published tariff. Therefore, the amount of your mover's non-binding 
estimate may be different than the amount you ultimately must pay to 
receive your shipment.
    A non-binding estimate must be in writing and clearly describe the 
shipment and all services provided. Under a non-binding estimate, the 
mover cannot require you to pay

[[Page 143]]

more than 110 percent of the non-binding estimate at the time of 
delivery. This does not excuse you from paying all the charges due on 
your shipment. The mover will bill you for any remaining charges after 
30 days from delivery.
    On the day of pick-up, if you have additional items to move, your 
mover must do one of two things prior to loading:
     Reaffirm your non-binding estimate; or
     prepare a new non-binding estimate to include all 
the items that are being moved.
    If you and the mover do not agree to one of the two options listed 
above, the mover is not required to service the shipment. If you are 
unable to pay 110 percent of the charges on a non-binding estimate at 
delivery, your mover may place your shipment in storage at your expense. 
In order to schedule delivery of your shipment from storage, you will 
likely have to agree to pay the required charges and storage fees, if 
listed in the tariffs, after your shipment arrives at the residence.
    Your mover must give you possession of your shipment if you pay 110 
percent of a non-binding estimate or 100 percent of a binding estimate, 
plus 15 percent of the impracticable operations charges (if applicable). 
If your mover does not relinquish possession, the mover is holding your 
shipment hostage in violation of Federal law.

                 Your Mover's Liability and Your Claims

    In general, your mover is legally liable for loss or damage that 
occurs during the transportation of your shipment and all related 
services identified on the bill of lading.
    The extent of your mover's liability is governed by the Surface 
Transportation Board's Released Rates Order. The Surface Transportation 
Board is an independent Federal agency that has jurisdiction over HHG 
motor carrier tariffs and valuation for lost or damaged goods. You may 
obtain a copy of the current Released Rates Order by visiting the 
Surface Transportation Board's website at: https://prod.stb.gov/wp-
content/uploads/files/docs/householdGoodsMoving/41845.pdf. In addition, 
your mover may, but is not required to, offer to sell you separate 
third-party liability insurance.
    All moving companies are required to assume liability for the value 
of the household goods they transport. However, there are two different 
levels of liability that apply to interstate moves: Full Value 
Protection and Waiver of Full Value Protection--Released Value. It is 
important you understand the charges that apply and the amount of 
protection provided by each level.

                          Full Value Protection

    This is the most comprehensive option available to protect your 
household goods, but it will increase the cost of your move. The initial 
cost estimate of charges that you receive from your mover must include 
this level of protection. Your shipment will be transported at this 
level of liability unless you waive Full Value Protection. Under your 
mover's Full Value Protection level of liability, subject to the 
allowable exceptions in your mover's tariff, if any article is lost, 
destroyed, or damaged while in your mover's custody, your mover will, at 
its option, either (1) repair the article to the extent necessary to 
restore it to the same condition as when it was received by your mover, 
or pay you for the cost of such repairs; or (2) replace the article with 
an article of like, kind and quality, or pay you for the cost to replace 
the items.
    The exact cost for your shipment, including Full Value Protection, 
may vary by mover and may be further subject to various deductible 
levels. Full Value Protection will increase the cost of your move above 
the basic transportation cost. The minimum valuation level for 
determining the cost of Full Value Protection of your shipment is $6.00 
per pound times the weight of your shipment. Your mover may use a higher 
minimum value, or you may declare a higher value for your shipment (at 
an additional cost). The charges that apply for providing Full Value 
Protection must be shown in your mover's tariff. Ask your mover for the 
details under its specific program.
    Under this option, movers are permitted to limit their liability for 
loss or damage to articles of extraordinary value, unless you 
specifically list these articles on the shipping documents. An article 
of extraordinary value is any item whose value exceeds $100 per pound 
(for example, jewelry, silverware, china, furs, antiques, oriental rugs, 
and computer software). Ask your mover for a complete explanation of 
this limitation before your move. It is your responsibility to study 
this provision carefully and to make the necessary declaration.

 Waiver of Full Value Protection (Released Value of 60 Cents per Pound 
                              per Article)

    Released Value is minimal protection; however, it is the most 
economical protection available as there is no charge to you. Under this 
option, the mover assumes liability for no more than 60 cents per pound, 
per article. For example, if a 10-pound stereo component valued at 
$1,000 was lost or destroyed, the mover would be liable for no more than 
$6.00 (10 pounds x $ .60). Obviously, you should think carefully before 
agreeing to such an arrangement.

                          Third Party Insurance

    If you purchase separate third party cargo liability insurance 
through your mover, the mover is required to issue a policy or other 
written record of the purchase and to provide

[[Page 144]]

you with a copy of the policy or other document at the time of purchase. 
If the mover fails to comply with this requirement, the mover is liable 
for any claim for loss or damage.
    Shipments transported under a mover's bill of lading may be subject 
to arbitration in the event of a dispute over loss or damage claims. 
However, disputes with third party insurance companies are not subject 
to FMCSA regulations.

                 Reducing Your Mover's Normal Liability

    The following are some actions that may limit or reduce your mover's 
liability for loss or damage to your household goods:
    1. Your acts or omissions cause the loss or damage to occur. For 
example, improper packing of containers you pack yourself do not provide 
sufficient protection or you include perishable, dangerous, or hazardous 
materials in your shipment without your mover's knowledge. Federal law 
forbids you to ship hazardous materials in your household goods boxes or 
luggage without informing your mover.
    2. You chose the Waiver of Full Value Protection--Released Value 
level of liability (60 cents per pound per article) but ship household 
goods valued at more than 60 cents per pound per article.
    3. You declare a value for your shipment which is less than the 
actual value of the articles in your shipment.
    4. You fail to notify your mover in writing of articles valued at 
more than $100 per pound. (If you do notify your mover, you will be 
entitled to full recovery up to the declared value of the article or 
articles, not to exceed the declared value of the entire shipment.)

                         Loss and Damage Claims

    Movers customarily take every precaution to make sure that, while 
your shipment is in their possession, no items are lost, damaged or 
destroyed. However, despite the precautions taken, articles are 
sometimes lost or destroyed during the move. You have the right to file 
a claim with your mover to be compensated for loss or damage.
    You have 9 months from the date of delivery (or in the event of loss 
for the entire shipment, from the date your shipment should have been 
delivered) to file your claim.
    The claim must be submitted in writing to your mover or to your 
mover's third party insurer for claim processing. After you submit your 
claim, your mover has 30 days to acknowledge receipt of it. The mover 
then has 120 days to provide you with a disposition. The mover might be 
entitled to 60-day extensions if the claim cannot be processed or 
disposed of within 120 days. If an extension is necessary, your mover 
must notify you in writing.

                              Delay Claims

    Delay claims are processed when you have contracted with your mover 
for guaranteed service for pickup and delivery. Your mover will outline 
on the bill of lading any penalty or per diem entitlements when there is 
a pickup delay and/or delivery delay.

                            Moving Paperwork

    Do not sign entirely blank documents. And only sign incomplete 
documents where the only incomplete sections are for information that 
cannot be determined prior to loading, specifically the actual weight of 
your shipment, in the case of a non-binding estimate, and unforeseen 
charges that occur in transit or at destination.

                                Inventory

    Your mover must prepare an inventory of your shipment. This is 
usually done at the time the mover loads your shipment. The mover is 
required to list any damage or unusual wear to any items. The purpose is 
to make a record of the existence and condition of each item before it 
is moved.
    After completing the inventory, both you and the mover must sign 
each page of the inventory. It is important that before signing you make 
sure the inventory lists every item in your shipment and that entries 
regarding the condition of each item are correct. You have the right to 
note any disagreement. When your shipment is delivered, if an item is 
missing or damaged, your ability to recover from the mover for any loss 
or damage may depend on the notations made on this form.
    The mover will give you a copy of each page of the inventory. Attach 
the complete inventory to your copy of the bill of lading. It is your 
receipt for the shipment.
    At the time your shipment is delivered, it is your responsibility to 
check the items delivered against the items listed on your inventory. If 
new damage is discovered, make a record of it on the inventory form. 
Call the damage to the attention of the mover and request that a record 
of the damage be made on the mover's copy of the inventory.
    After the complete shipment is unloaded, the mover will request that 
you sign the mover's copy of the inventory to show that you received the 
items listed. Do not sign until you have assured yourself that it is 
accurate and that proper notations have been entered regarding any 
missing or damaged items. Movers are prohibited from having you sign 
documents that release the mover from all liability for loss or damage 
to the shipment in exchange for delivery.

[[Page 145]]

                             Bill of Lading

    Your mover is required by law to prepare a bill of lading for your 
shipment. The bill of lading is the contract between you and the mover 
for the transportation of your shipment. This document is issued at 
least 3 days prior to the pickup date. The information on the bill of 
lading is required to include all the information and charges associated 
with the transportation of your shipment. The driver who loads your 
shipment must give you a copy of the bill of lading before or at the 
time of loading your shipment. The bill of lading is an important 
document. Do not lose or misplace your copy. Keep it available until 
your shipment is delivered, all charges are paid, and all claims, if 
any, are settled.
    IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY TO READ THE BILL OF LADING BEFORE YOU 
ACCEPT IT
    The bill of lading requires the mover to provide the service you 
requested and requires you to pay the charges for the service. It is 
your responsibility to understand the bill of lading before you sign it. 
If you do not agree with something on the bill of lading, do not sign it 
until you are satisfied it is correct.
    The bill of lading serves to identify the mover and specifies when 
the transportation is to be performed. Be sure that the portions of the 
bill of lading that note the dates when pickup and delivery are to be 
performed are completed and that you agree with the dates. The bill of 
lading also specifies the terms and conditions for payment of the total 
charges and the maximum amount required to be paid at the time of 
delivery for shipments moving under a binding estimate. In the case of 
shipments moving under non-binding estimates, the bill of lading will 
not include a final calculation of charges because that cannot be 
determined until the shipment is weighed. However, the bill of lading 
must contain all relevant shipment information--except the shipment 
weight that will be determined after the shipment has been weighed and 
any unforeseen charges that occur in transit or at destination.
    The bill of lading must include the following 17 items:
    1. The legal or trade name (i.e., doing business as name) of the 
mover as it is registered with FMCSA, to include its physical address.
    2. The names, telephone numbers, addresses, and USDOT Numbers of any 
motor carriers, when known, who will participate in transportation of 
the shipment.
    3. Your name, address, and, if available, telephone number(s).
    4. The form of payment the mover and its agents will honor at 
delivery. The payment information must be the same that was entered on 
the estimate.
    5. When transportation is on a collect-on-delivery basis, the name, 
address, and if furnished, the telephone number, facsimile number, or 
email address of a person to notify about the charges. The notification 
may also be made by overnight courier or certified mail, return receipt 
requested.
    6. For non-guaranteed service, the agreed date or period of time for 
pickup of the shipment and the agreed date or period of time for the 
delivery of the shipment.
    7. For guaranteed service, subject to tariff provisions, the dates 
for pickup and delivery, and any penalty or per diem entitlements due to 
you.
    8. The actual date of pickup.
    9. The company or motor carrier identification number of the 
vehicle(s) that will transport your shipment.
    10. The terms and conditions for payment of the total charges, 
including notice of any minimum charges.
    11. The maximum amount your mover will demand at the time of 
delivery in order for you to obtain possession of the shipment, when you 
transport under a collect-on-delivery basis.
    12. The valuation statements provided in the Surface Transportation 
Board (STB)'s released rates order. These statements require individual 
shippers either to accept Full Value Protection for their liability or 
to waive the Full Value Protection in favor of the STB's released rates. 
The released rates may be increased annually by the motor carrier based 
on the U.S. Department of Commerce's Cost of Living Adjustment. Contact 
the STB for a copy of the Released Rates of Motor Carrier Shipments of 
Household Goods. If the individual shipper waives your Full Value 
Protection in writing on the STB's valuation statement, you must include 
the charges, if any, for optional valuation coverage (other than Full 
Value Protection).
    13. Evidence of any insurance coverage sold to or procured for the 
individual shipper from an independent insurer, including the amount of 
the premium for such insurance.
    14. A complete description of any special or accessorial services 
ordered and minimum weight or volume charges applicable to the shipment, 
subject to the following two conditions:
    (i) If your mover provides service for you on rates based upon the 
transportation of a minimum weight or volume, your mover must indicate 
on the bill of lading the minimum weight- or volume-based rates, and the 
minimum charges applicable to the shipment.
    (ii) If your mover does not indicate the minimum rates and charges, 
your mover's tariff must provide information to compute the final 
charges relating to such a shipment based upon the actual weight or 
volume of the shipment.

[[Page 146]]

    15. Each attachment to the bill of lading is an integral part of the 
contract. That includes the binding or non-binding estimate, inventory 
and any signed waiver documents associated with the shipment.
    16. Any identification or registration number assigned to the 
shipment.
    17. A statement that the bill of lading incorporates by reference 
all the services included on the estimate, including any new estimate 
prepared by the mover.
    The bill of lading must be signed and dated by you and your mover at 
origin and destination.

                                 Invoice

    At the time of payment of transportation charges, your mover must 
give you an invoice identifying the service provided and the charge for 
each service. It is customary for most movers to use a copy of the bill 
of lading as the invoice.
    Except in those instances where a shipment is moving on a binding 
estimate, the invoice must specifically identify each service performed, 
the rate or charge per service performed, and the total charges for each 
service. If this information is not on the invoice, do not accept or pay 
the invoice.
    Your mover must deliver your shipment upon payment of 100 percent of 
a binding estimate or 110 percent of a non-binding estimate, plus the 
full cost of any additional services that you required after the 
contract was executed and any charges for impracticable operation, not 
to exceed 15 percent of all other charges due at delivery. If you do not 
pay the transportation charges due at the time of delivery, your mover 
has the right, under the bill of lading, to refuse to deliver your 
shipment. The mover may place your shipment in storage, at your expense, 
until the charges are paid.
    On shipments paid in advance, your mover must present its invoice 
for all transportation charges within 15 days of the date your mover 
delivered the shipment. This period excludes Saturdays, Sundays, and 
Federal holidays.
    On shipments paid upon delivery, your mover must present its invoice 
for all transportation charges on the date of delivery, or, at its 
discretion, within 15 days calculated from the date the shipment was 
delivered at your destination. This period excludes Saturdays, Sundays, 
and Federal holidays. Bills for additional charges based on the weight 
of the shipment will be presented after 30 days from delivery; charges 
for impracticable operations not paid at delivery are due within 30 days 
of the invoice.
    Your mover's invoice and accompanying written notices must state the 
following five items:

1. Penalties for late payment
2. The period of time for any credit extended
3. Service or finance charges
4. Collection expense charges
5. Any applicable discount terms

                             Weight Tickets

    Your mover must obtain weight tickets if your shipment is moving 
under a non- binding estimate. Each time your shipment is weighed, a 
separate weight ticket must be obtained and signed by the weigh master. 
If both weighings are performed on the same scale, one weight ticket may 
be used to record both weighings. The weight tickets must be presented 
with the invoice. Each weight ticket must contain the following six 
items:
    1. The complete name and location of the scale.
    2. The date of each weighing.
    3. The identification of the weight entries as being the tare, 
gross, or net weights.
    4. The company or mover identification of the vehicle.
    5. The last name of the individual shipper as it appears on the bill 
of lading.
    6. The mover's shipment registration or bill of lading number.
    Additional information regarding weighing shipments is located later 
in this booklet.

                          Collection of Charges

    Your mover must issue you an honest and truthful invoice for each 
shipment transported. When your shipment is delivered, you will be 
expected to pay either: (1) 100 percent of the charges on your binding 
estimate, or (2) 110 percent of the charges on your non-binding 
estimate. You will also be requested to pay the charges for any services 
that you requested (for example, waiting time, an extra pickup or 
delivery, storage) after the contract with your mover was executed that 
were not included in the estimate, and any charges for services 
performed in conjunction with impracticable operations, not to exceed 15 
percent of all other charges due at delivery. Your mover will bill you 
after your shipment is delivered for any remaining services.
    You should verify in advance what method of payment your mover will 
accept. Your mover must note in writing on the bill of lading the forms 
of payment it accepts at delivery. Do not assume your mover will accept 
payment by credit card unless it is clearly indicated on the bill of 
lading.
    If you do not pay the charges due at the time of delivery, the mover 
has the right to refuse to deliver your shipment and to place it into 
storage at your expense until the charges are paid. It is standard 
procedure for you to pay the charges due at delivery prior to the mover 
unloading the shipment at destination, in accordance with the terms 
specified on the bill of lading.

[[Page 147]]

    If your shipment is transported by two or more trucks, the mover may 
require payment for each portion as it is delivered. You mover may delay 
the collection of all the charges until the entire shipment is 
delivered, at its discretion. When you confirm your shipment 
transportation with your mover, you should ask the mover about this 
policy.
    Your mover can only collect the charges on the percentage of the 
shipment that was successfully delivered. For example, if you receive a 
binding estimate of $1,000 to move 1,000 pounds of your goods, and 50 
percent of that shipment is lost, then the mover can only collect 50 
percent of the estimate or $500. If the estimate is non-binding then 
only 50 percent of the actual charges, not to exceed 110 percent of the 
estimate, can be collected, which would be $550.
    Your mover is forbidden from collecting, or requiring you to pay, 
any freight charges (including any charges for accessorial or terminal 
services) when your shipment is totally lost or destroyed in transit, 
unless the loss or destruction was due to an act or omission by you. 
However, if you receive Full Value Protection on your shipment, you will 
be required to pay the premium to process your claim for the total loss.

                     Transportation of Your Shipment

                           Pickup and Delivery

    Before you move, be sure to reach an agreement with your mover on 
the dates for pickup and delivery of your shipment. It is your 
responsibility to determine on what date your shipment will be picked up 
and the date or timeframe you require delivery. Once an agreement is 
reached, your mover must enter those dates on the bill of lading. Upon 
loading your shipment, your mover is contractually bound to provide the 
service described in the bill of lading.
    The mover might use the term ``delivery spread'' as the timeframe in 
which you can expect your shipment to be delivered. This means that your 
shipment could arrive anytime during the delivery spread. The mover is 
required to give you a 24-hour advance notice of when they plan to 
arrive with your shipment. At that time, you must be available to accept 
delivery or your shipment could be placed in storage at your expense.
    When you and the mover agree to a delivery date, or to a range of 
dates, it is your responsibility to be available to accept delivery on 
any of those dates. The same applies when you and the mover agree to 
alternate delivery dates.
    Do not agree to have your shipment picked up or delivered ``as soon 
as possible.'' The dates or periods you and your mover agree upon should 
be definite.
    If you request the mover to change the dates for your shipment, most 
movers will agree to do so if the change will not result in unreasonable 
delay to their equipment or interfere with another customer's move. 
However, the mover is not required to change the dates and can place 
your shipment in storage at your expense if you are unwilling or unable 
to accept delivery on the agreed dates.
    The only reason your mover would be excused from providing a service 
as described in the bill of lading is because of ``force majeure.'' This 
is a legal term which means an unforeseen change of circumstances beyond 
the control of the mover. For example, if there were a major snow storm 
that prevented your mover from servicing your shipment as outlined in 
the bill of lading, your mover would not be responsible for damages 
resulting from its nonperformance.
    If your mover fails to pick up or deliver your shipment on the 
agreed date or during the delivery spread, and you have expenses that 
you otherwise would not have, you may be able to recover these expenses 
from the mover through a delay of shipment claim.
    Ask your mover before you move what payment or other arrangements 
you can expect if your shipment is delayed through the fault of the 
mover.
    Your mover must transport your household goods in a timely manner. 
This is also known as ``reasonable dispatch service.'' If you have 
arranged for a guaranteed delivery date, the terms of that agreement 
with your mover apply.
    When your mover is unable to meet either the pickup or delivery 
dates or provide service during the periods of time specified in the 
bill of lading, your mover must notify you of the delay. The mover must 
advise you of the dates or periods of time it may be able to pick up 
and/or deliver your shipment. Your mover must provide this information 
in writing.

                             Early Delivery

    If you are unable to accept delivery before the first day of the 
delivery spread, then your mover may place your shipment in storage in a 
warehouse located in proximity to the destination. If your mover 
exercises this option, your mover must immediately notify you of the 
name and address of the warehouse where your mover places your shipment. 
Your mover has full responsibility for the charges for re-delivery, 
handling, and storage until it makes the final delivery.

                           Storage in Transit

    You may request your mover to store your household goods before 
delivering them. Your mover must notify you in writing or in person at 
least 10 days before the expiration date of:
    1. The specified period of time when your mover is to hold your 
shipment in storage.

[[Page 148]]

    2. The maximum period of time provided in its tariff for storage-in-
transit.
    If your mover holds your household goods in storage-in-transit for 
less than 10 days, your mover must notify you, 1 day before the storage-
in-transit period expires of the same information specified above.
    When the storage period is about to expire, your mover must notify 
you in writing about the following four items:
    1. The date when storage-in-transit will covert to permanent 
storage.
    2. The existence of a 9-month period after the date of conversion to 
permanent storage, during which you may file claims against your mover 
for loss or damage occurring to your goods while in transit or during 
the storage-in-transit period.
    3. When your mover's liability will end for loss and damage.
    4. When your shipment will become subject to the rules, regulations, 
and charges of the management of the storage facility.

                           Weighing Shipments

    If your mover transports your household goods on a non-binding 
estimate, your mover must determine the actual weight of your shipment 
on a certified scale in order to calculate its lawful tariff charge. If 
your mover provided a binding estimate, the weight of the shipment will 
not affect the charges you will pay, so there is no requirement to weigh 
shipments moving under binding estimates.
    Most movers have a minimum weight charge for transporting a 
shipment. If your shipment appears to weigh less than the mover's 
minimum weight, your mover must state the minimum cost on the bill of 
lading. Should your mover fail to advise you of the minimum charges and 
your shipment is less than the minimum weight, your mover must base your 
final charges upon the actual weight, not upon the minimum weight.
    Usually, your shipment will be weighed in the city or local area 
where the shipment originates. The driver has the truck weighed before 
coming to your residence and then has it weighed again after your 
shipment has been loaded. The difference in these two weights is the 
weight of your shipment.
    The mover may also weigh your shipment at its destination when the 
shipment is delivered. The driver will have the truck weighed with your 
shipment on board and then weighed a second time after your shipment has 
been unloaded. Each time a weighing is performed, the driver is required 
to obtain an official weight ticket signed by the weigh master of a 
certified scale and a copy of the weight tickets must accompany your 
copy of the bill of lading. Shipments of less than 3,000 pounds may be 
weighed on a certified warehouse scale.
    You have the right, and your mover must inform you of your right, to 
observe all weighing of your shipment. Your mover must tell you where 
and when each weighing will occur. Your mover must give you a reasonable 
opportunity to be present to observe the weighing. You may waive your 
right to observe weighing; however, you must waive that right in 
writing.
    If your shipment is weighed at origin and you believe that the 
weight may not be accurate, you have the right to request that the 
shipment be reweighed before it is unloaded. The mover is not permitted 
to charge you for the reweighing, but the final charges due will be 
based on the reweigh weight, even if it is more than the initial weight.
    If you request notification of the actual weight and charges of your 
shipment, your mover must comply with your request if it is moving your 
household goods on a collect-on-delivery basis. This requirement is 
conditioned upon you supplying your mover with contact information.

                        Notification of Delivery

    You must receive the mover's notification at least 24-hours before 
the scheduled delivery, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal 
holidays.
    Your mover may disregard this 24-hour notification requirement on 
shipments subject to one of the following three situations:
    1. When your mover weighs your shipment at destination.
    2. When pickup and delivery encompasses two consecutive weekdays, if 
you agree.
    3. When the maximum payment at time of delivery is 110 percent of 
the estimated charges, if you agree.

                   Resolving Disputes With Your Mover

    The FMCSA maintains regulations to govern the processing of loss and 
damage claims; however, we cannot resolve these claims on your behalf. 
If you cannot reach a settlement with your mover, you have the right to 
request arbitration from your mover. All movers are required to 
participate in an arbitration program, and your mover is required to 
provide you with a summary of its arbitration program before you sign 
the bill of lading.
    Arbitration gives you the opportunity to resolve loss or damage 
claims and certain types of disputed charges through a neutral 
arbitrator. You may find submitting your claim to arbitration is a less 
expensive and more convenient way to seek recovery of your claim than 
filing a lawsuit. You are not required to submit to arbitration in the 
event of a dispute. However, if you request arbitration for a claim for 
$10,000 or less, the mover must agree to arbitration and the 
arbitrator's decision is binding on the parties. Further, the mover is 
not required to agree to arbitration if the claim exceeds $10,000. If

[[Page 149]]

the mover does agree, the arbitrator's decision will be binding on both 
you and the mover.
    You may choose to pursue a civil action in a court of appropriate 
jurisdiction in lieu of arbitration. Legal action may be initiated by 
filing a claim in your State and serving papers on the mover's process 
agent in your State. You may file in State court or (if the amount of 
the claim is more than $10,000) in Federal court. You may obtain the 
mover's process agent information in your State by contacting FMCSA at 
(800) 832-5660. You may also obtain the name of the mover's process 
agent via the internet by following the instructions below.
    1. Go to http://li-public.fmcsa.dot.gov.
    2. Scroll to the bottom of the page and click on CONTINUE.
    3. At the top of the screen click on CHOOSE MENU OPTION, for the 
drop-down box and select CARRIER SEARCH, then press GO.
    4. Type in the USDOT or MC number for the motor carrier.
    5. Click on HTML.
    6. Scroll to the bottom of the page, see BLANKET COMPANY, and click 
on the link.
    7. You will see a list of process agents by State, locate the 
process agent for your State.
    The FMCSA cannot settle your dispute with your mover. You must 
resolve your own loss and damage and/or moving charge disputes with your 
mover.
    You entered into a contractual agreement with your mover. Therefore, 
you are bound by each of the following terms and conditions:
    1. The terms and conditions you accepted when you signed the bill of 
lading.
    2. The terms and conditions you accepted when you signed for 
delivery of your shipment.
    3. Any additional terms and conditions you agreed to with your 
mover.
    If your mover refuses to deliver your shipment unless you pay an 
amount the mover is not entitled to charge, contact FMCSA immediately at 
(888) 368-7238.

                      Important Points To Remember

    1. Movers must give written estimates. The estimates may be either 
binding or non-binding. Non-binding estimates are ``approximations'' 
only, and the actual transportation charges you are eventually required 
to pay may be higher than the estimated price.
    2. Do not sign blank documents. Verify the document is complete 
before you sign. In limited situations, it may be appropriate to sign an 
incomplete document if the only information that does not appear in your 
moving paperwork is the actual weight of your shipment (in the case of a 
non-binding estimate) and unforeseen charges that occur in transit or at 
destination.
    3. Be sure you understand the mover's responsibility for loss or 
damage. For more information see FMCSA's brochure titled, 
``Understanding Valuation and Insurance Options'' https://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/protect-your-move/valuation-insurance.
    4. Understand the type of liability to which you agree. Ask yourself 
if 60 cents per pound is enough coverage for your household goods or 
whether you need to purchase additional valuation.
    5. Notify your mover if you have high value items. High value items 
are valued at more than $100 per pound.
    6. You have the right to be present each time your shipment is 
weighed. You also have the right to request a reweigh at no charge.
    7. Confirm with your mover the types of payment acceptable prior to 
the delivery of your shipment.
    8. Consider requesting arbitration to settle disputed claims with 
your mover.
    9. You should know if the company you are dealing with is a 
household goods motor carrier (mover) or household goods broker, and if 
they are registered with FMCSA. Go to www.protectyourmove.gov for this 
information.
    10. Do not sign the delivery receipt if it contains any language 
releasing or discharging your mover or its agents from liability. Strike 
out such language before signing, or refuse delivery if the mover 
refuses to provide a proper delivery receipt.

[87 FR 24448, Apr. 26, 2022]



PART 376_LEASE AND INTERCHANGE OF VEHICLES--Table of Contents



             Subpart A_General Applicability and Definitions

Sec.
376.1 Applicability.
376.2 Definitions.

                      Subpart B_Leasing Regulations

376.11 General leasing requirements.
376.12 Lease requirements.

            Subpart C_Exemptions for the Leasing Regulations

376.21 General exemptions.
376.22 Exemption for private carrier leasing and leasing between 
          authorized carriers.
376.26 Exemption for leases between authorized carriers and their 
          agents.

                    Subpart D_Interchange Regulations

376.31 Interchange of equipment.

[[Page 150]]

                 Subpart E_Private Carriers and Shippers

376.42 Lease of equipment by regulated carriers.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301 and 14102; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 44 FR 4681, Jan. 23, 1979, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 376 appear at 66 FR 
49871, Oct. 1, 2001.



             Subpart A_General Applicability and Definitions



Sec.  376.1  Applicability.

    The regulations in this part apply to the following actions by motor 
carriers registered with the Secretary to transport property under 49 
U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B:
    (a) The leasing of equipment with which to perform transportation 
regulated by the Secretary.
    (b) The leasing of equipment to motor private carrier or shippers.
    (c) The interchange of equipment between for-hire motor carriers in 
the performance of transportation regulated by the Secretary.

[44 FR 4681, Jan. 23, 1979. Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15423, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  376.2  Definitions.

    (a) Authorized carrier. A person or persons authorized to engage in 
the transportation of property as a motor carrier under the provisions 
of 49 U.S.C. 13901 and 13902.
    (b) Equipment. A motor vehicle, straight truck, tractor, 
semitrailer, full trailer, any combination of these and any other type 
of equipment used by authorized carriers in the transportation of 
property for hire.
    (c) Interchange. The receipt of equipment by one motor carrier of 
property from another such carrier, at a point which both carriers are 
authorized to serve, with which to continue a through movement.
    (d) Owner. A person (1) to whom title to equipment has been issued, 
or (2) who, without title, has the right to exclusive use of equipment, 
or (3) who has lawful possession of equipment registered and licensed in 
any State in the name of that person.
    (e) Lease. A contract or arrangement in which the owner grants the 
use of equipment, with or without driver, for a specified period to an 
authorized carrier for use in the regulated transportation of property, 
in exchange for compensation.
    (f) Lessor. In a lease, the party granting the use of equipment, 
with or without driver, to another.
    (g) Lessee. In a lease, the party acquiring the use of equipment 
with or without driver, from another.
    (h) Sublease. A written contract in which the lessee grants the use 
of leased equipment, with or without driver, to another.
    (i) Addendum. A supplement to an existing lease which is not 
effective until signed by the lessor and lessee.
    (j) Private carrier. A person, other than a motor carrier, 
transporting property by motor vehicle in interstate or foreign commerce 
when (1) the person is the owner, lessee, or bailee of the property 
being transported; and (2) the property is being transported for sale, 
lease, rent, or bailment, or to further a commercial enterprise.
    (k) Shipper. A person who sends or receives property which is 
transported in interstate or foreign commerce.
    (l) Escrow fund. Money deposited by the lessor with either a third 
party or the lessee to guarantee performance, to repay advances, to 
cover repair expenses, to handle claims, to handle license and State 
permit costs, and for any other purposes mutually agreed upon by the 
lessor and lessee.
    (m) Detention. The holding by a consignor or consignee of a trailer, 
with or without power unit and driver, beyond the free time allocated 
for the shipment, under circumstances not attributable to the 
performance of the carrier.

[44 FR 4681, Jan. 23, 1979, as amended at 49 FR 47850, Dec. 7, 1984; 62 
FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



                      Subpart B_Leasing Regulations



Sec.  376.11  General leasing requirements.

    Other than through the interchange of equipment as set forth in 
Sec.  376.31, and under the exemptions set forth in

[[Page 151]]

subpart C of these regulations, the authorized carrier may perform 
authorized transportation in equipment it does not own only under the 
following conditions:
    (a) Lease. There shall be a written lease granting the use of the 
equipment and meeting the requirements contained in Sec.  376.12.
    (b) Receipts for equipment. Receipts, specifically identifying the 
equipment to be leased and stating the date and time of day possession 
is transferred, shall be given as follows:
    (1) When possession of the equipment is taken by the authorized 
carrier, it shall give the owner of the equipment a receipt.
    (2) When possession of the equipment by the authorized carrier ends, 
a receipt shall be given in accordance with the terms of the lease 
agreement if the lease agreement requires a receipt.
    (3) Authorized representatives of the carrier and the owner may take 
possession of leased equipment and give and receive the receipts 
required under this subsection.
    (c) Identification of equipment. The authorized carrier acquiring 
the use of equipment under this section shall identify the equipment as 
being in its service as follows:
    (1) During the period of the lease, the carrier shall identify the 
equipment in accordance with the FMCSA's requirements in 49 CFR part 390 
of this chapter (Identification of Vehicles).
    (2) Unless a copy of the lease is carried on the equipment, the 
authorized carrier shall keep a statement with the equipment during the 
period of the lease certifying that the equipment is being operated by 
it. The statement shall also specify the name of the owner, the date and 
length of the lease, any restrictions in the lease relative to the 
commodities to be transported, and the address at which the original 
lease is kept by the authorized carrier. This statement shall be 
prepared by the authorized carrier or its authorized representative.
    (d) Records of equipment. The authorized carrier using equipment 
leased under this section shall keep records of the equipment as 
follows:
    (1) The authorized carrier shall prepare and keep documents covering 
each trip for which the equipment is used in its service. These 
documents shall contain the name and address of the owner of the 
equipment, the point of origin, the time and date of departure, and the 
point of final destination. Also, the authorized carrier shall carry 
documents with the leased equipment during its operation containing this 
information and identifying the lading and clearly indicating that the 
transportation is under its responsibility. These documents shall be 
preserved by the authorized carrier as part of its transportation 
records. Leases which contain the information required by the provisions 
in this paragraph may be used and retained instead of such documents. As 
to lease agreements negotiated under a master lease, this provision is 
complied with by having a copy of a master lease in the unit of 
equipment in question and where the balance of documentation called for 
by this paragraph is included in the freight documents prepared for the 
specific movement.
    (2) [Reserved]

[44 FR 4681, Jan. 23, 1979, as amended at 49 FR 47269, Dec. 3, 1984; 49 
FR 47850, Dec. 7, 1984; 50 FR 24649, June 12, 1985; 51 FR 37406, Oct. 
22, 1986; 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013; 83 FR 
16224, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  376.12  Lease requirements.

    Except as provided in the exemptions set forth in subpart C of this 
part, the written lease required under Sec.  376.11(a) shall contain the 
following provisions. The required lease provisions shall be adhered to 
and performed by the authorized carrier.
    (a) Parties. The lease shall be made between the authorized carrier 
and the owner of the equipment. The lease shall be signed by these 
parties or by their authorized representatives.
    (b) Duration to be specific. The lease shall specify the time and 
date or the circumstances on which the lease begins and ends. These 
times or circumstances shall coincide with the times for the giving of 
receipts required by Sec.  376.11(b).
    (c) Exclusive possession and responsibilities. (1) The lease shall 
provide that the authorized carrier lessee shall have exclusive 
possession, control, and use of the equipment for the duration of

[[Page 152]]

the lease. The lease shall further provide that the authorized carrier 
lessee shall assume complete responsibility for the operation of the 
equipment for the duration of the lease.
    (2) Provision may be made in the lease for considering the 
authorized carrier lessee as the owner of the equipment for the purpose 
of subleasing it under these regulations to other authorized carriers 
during the lease.
    (3) When an authorized carrier of household goods leases equipment 
for the transportation of household goods, as defined by the Secretary, 
the parties may provide in the lease that the provisions required by 
paragraph (c)(1) of this section apply only during the time the 
equipment is operated by or for the authorized carrier lessee.
    (4) Nothing in the provisions required by paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section is intended to affect whether the lessor or driver provided by 
the lessor is an independent contractor or an employee of the authorized 
carrier lessee. An independent contractor relationship may exist when a 
carrier lessee complies with 49 U.S.C. 14102 and attendant 
administrative requirements.
    (d) Compensation to be specified. The amount to be paid by the 
authorized carrier for equipment and driver's services shall be clearly 
stated on the face of the lease or in an addendum which is attached to 
the lease. Such lease or addendum shall be delivered to the lessor prior 
to the commencement of any trip in the service of the authorized 
carrier. An authorized representative of the lessor may accept these 
documents. The amount to be paid may be expressed as a percentage of 
gross revenue, a flat rate per mile, a variable rate depending on the 
direction traveled or the type of commodity transported, or by any other 
method of compensation mutually agreed upon by the parties to the lease. 
The compensation stated on the lease or in the attached addendum may 
apply to equipment and driver's services either separately or as a 
combined amount.
    (e) Items specified in lease. The lease shall clearly specify which 
party is responsible for removing identification devices from the 
equipment upon the termination of the lease and when and how these 
devices, other than those painted directly on the equipment, will be 
returned to the carrier. The lease shall clearly specify the manner in 
which a receipt will be given to the authorized carrier by the equipment 
owner when the latter retakes possession of the equipment upon 
termination of the lease agreement, if a receipt is required at all by 
the lease. The lease shall clearly specify the responsibility of each 
party with respect to the cost of fuel, fuel taxes, empty mileage, 
permits of all types, tolls, ferries, detention and accessorial 
services, base plates and licenses, and any unused portions of such 
items. The lease shall clearly specify who is responsible for loading 
and unloading the property onto and from the motor vehicle, and the 
compensation, if any, to be paid for this service. Except when the 
violation results from the acts or omissions of the lessor, the 
authorized carrier lessee shall assume the risks and costs of fines for 
overweight and oversize trailers when the trailers are pre-loaded, 
sealed, or the load is containerized, or when the trailer or lading is 
otherwise outside of the lessor's control, and for improperly permitted 
overdimension and overweight loads and shall reimburse the lessor for 
any fines paid by the lessor. If the authorized carrier is authorized to 
receive a refund or a credit for base plates purchased by the lessor 
from, and issued in the name of, the authorized carrier, or if the base 
plates are authorized to be sold by the authorized carrier to another 
lessor the authorized carrier shall refund to the initial lessor on 
whose behalf the base plate was first obtained a prorated share of the 
amount received.
    (f) Payment period. The lease shall specify that payment to the 
lessor shall be made within 15 days after submission of the necessary 
delivery documents concerning a trip in the service of the authorized 
carrier. The documentation required before the lessor can receive 
payment is limited to log books required by the Department of 
Transportation and those documents necessary for the authorized carrier 
to secure payment from the shipper. In addition, the lease may provide 
that,

[[Page 153]]

upon termination of the lease agreement, as a condition precedent to 
payment, the lessor shall remove all identification devices of the 
authorized carrier and, except in the case of identification painted 
directly on equipment, return them to the carrier. If the identification 
device has been lost or stolen, a letter certifying its removal will 
satisfy this requirement. Until this requirement is complied with, the 
carrier may withhold final payment. The authorized carrier may require 
the submission of additional documents by the lessor but not as a 
prerequisite to payment. Payment to the lessor shall not be made 
contingent upon submission of a bill of lading to which no exceptions 
have been taken. The authorized carrier shall not set time limits for 
the submission by the lessor of required delivery documents.
    (g) Copies of freight bill or other form of freight documentation. 
When a lessor's revenue is based on a percentage of the gross revenue 
for a shipment, the lease must specify that the authorized carrier will 
give the lessor, before or at the time of settlement, a copy of the 
rated freight bill, or, in the case of contract carriers, any other form 
of documentation actually used for a shipment containing the same 
information that would appear on a rated freight bill. Regardless of the 
method of compensation, the lease must permit lessor to examine copies 
of the carrier's tariff or, in the case of contract carriers, other 
documents from which rates and charges are computed, provided that where 
rates and charges are computed from a contract of a contract carrier, 
only those portions of the contract containing the same information that 
would appear on a rated freight bill need be disclosed. The authorized 
carrier may delete the names of shippers and consignees shown on the 
freight bill or other form of documentation.
    (h) Charge-back items. The lease shall clearly specify all items 
that may be initially paid for by the authorized carrier, but ultimately 
deducted from the lessor's compensation at the time of payment or 
settlement, together with a recitation as to how the amount of each item 
is to be computed. The lessor shall be afforded copies of those 
documents which are necessary to determine the validity of the charge.
    (i) Products, equipment, or services from authorized carrier. The 
lease shall specify that the lessor is not required to purchase or rent 
any products, equipment, or services from the authorized carrier as a 
condition of entering into the lease arrangement. The lease shall 
specify the terms of any agreement in which the lessor is a party to an 
equipment purchase or rental contract which gives the authorized carrier 
the right to make deductions from the lessor's compensation for purchase 
or rental payments.
    (j) Insurance. (1) The lease shall clearly specify the legal 
obligation of the authorized carrier to maintain insurance coverage for 
the protection of the public pursuant to FMCSA regulations under 49 
U.S.C. 13906. The lease shall further specify who is responsible for 
providing any other insurance coverage for the operation of the leased 
equipment, such as bobtail insurance. If the authorized carrier will 
make a charge back to the lessor for any of this insurance, the lease 
shall specify the amount which will be charged-back to the lessor.
    (2) If the lessor purchases any insurance coverage for the operation 
of the leased equipment from or through the authorized carrier, the 
lease shall specify that the authorized carrier will provide the lessor 
with a copy of each policy upon the request of the lessor. Also, where 
the lessor purchases such insurance in this manner, the lease shall 
specify that the authorized carrier will provide the lessor with a 
certificate of insurance for each such policy. Each certificate of 
insurance shall include the name of the insurer, the policy number, the 
effective dates of the policy, the amounts and types of coverage, the 
cost to the lessor for each type of coverage, and the deductible amount 
for each type of coverage for which the lessor may be liable.
    (3) The lease shall clearly specify the conditions under which 
deductions for cargo or property damage may be made from the lessor's 
settlements. The lease shall further specify that the authorized carrier 
must provide the lessor with a written explanation and itemization of 
any deductions for cargo

[[Page 154]]

or property damage made from any compensation of money owed to the 
lessor. The written explanation and itemization must be delivered to the 
lessor before any deductions are made.
    (k) Escrow funds. If escrow funds are required, the lease shall 
specify:
    (1) The amount of any escrow fund or performance bond required to be 
paid by the lessor to the authorized carrier or to a third party.
    (2) The specific items to which the escrow fund can be applied.
    (3) That while the escrow fund is under the control of the 
authorized carrier, the authorized carrier shall provide an accounting 
to the lessor of any transactions involving such fund. The carrier shall 
perform this accounting in one of the following ways:
    (i) By clearly indicating in individual settlement sheets the amount 
and description of any deduction or addition made to the escrow fund; or
    (ii) By providing a separate accounting to the lessor of any 
transactions involving the escrow fund. This separate accounting shall 
be done on a monthly basis.
    (4) The right of the lessor to demand to have an accounting for 
transactions involving the escrow fund at any time.
    (5) That while the escrow fund is under the control of the carrier, 
the carrier shall pay interest on the escrow fund on at least a 
quarterly basis. For purposes of calculating the balance of the escrow 
fund on which interest must be paid, the carrier may deduct a sum equal 
to the average advance made to the individual lessor during the period 
of time for which interest is paid. The interest rate shall be 
established on the date the interest period begins and shall be at least 
equal to the average yield or equivalent coupon issue yield on 91-day, 
13-week Treasury bills as established in the weekly auction by the 
Department of Treasury.
    (6) The conditions the lessor must fulfill in order to have the 
escrow fund returned. At the time of the return of the escrow fund, the 
authorized carrier may deduct monies for those obligations incurred by 
the lessor which have been previously specified in the lease, and shall 
provide a final accounting to the lessor of all such final deductions 
made to the escrow fund. The lease shall further specify that in no 
event shall the escrow fund be returned later than 45 days from the date 
of termination.
    (l) Copies of the lease. The parties must sign the lease. The 
authorized carrier shall keep a copy and shall place another copy of the 
lease on the equipment during the period of the lease unless a statement 
as provided for in Sec.  376.11(c)(2) is carried on the equipment 
instead. The owner of the equipment shall keep a copy of the lease.
    (m) This paragraph applies to owners who are not agents but whose 
equipment is used by an agent of an authorized carrier in providing 
transportation on behalf of that authorized carrier. In this situation, 
the authorized carrier is obligated to ensure that these owners receive 
all the rights and benefits due an owner under the leasing regulations, 
especially those set forth in paragraphs (d)-(k) of this section. This 
is true regardless of whether the lease for the equipment is directly 
between the authorized carrier and its agent rather than directly 
between the authorized carrier and each of these owners. The lease 
between an authorized carrier and its agent shall specify this 
obligation.

[44 FR 4681, Jan. 23, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 13092, Feb. 28, 1980; 47 
FR 28398, June 30, 1982; 47 FR 51140, Nov. 12, 1982; 47 FR 54083, Dec. 
1, 1982; 49 FR 47851, Dec. 7, 1984; 51 FR 37406, 37407, Oct. 22, 1986; 
52 FR 2412, Jan. 22, 1987; 57 FR 32905, July 24, 1992; 62 FR 15424, Apr. 
1, 1997; 83 FR 16224, Apr. 16, 2018; 83 FR 24228, May 25, 2018]



            Subpart C_Exemptions for the Leasing Regulations



Sec.  376.21  General exemptions.

    Except for Sec.  376.11(c) which requires the identification of 
equipment, the leasing regulations in this part shall not apply to:
    (a) Equipment used in substituted motor-for-rail transportation of 
railroad freight moving between points that are railroad stations and on 
railroad billing.
    (b) Equipment used in transportation performed exclusively within 
any commercial zone as defined by the Secretary.

[[Page 155]]

    (c) Equipment leased without drivers from a person who is 
principally engaged in such a business.
    (d) Any type of trailer not drawn by a power unit leased from the 
same lessor.

[44 FR 4681, Jan. 23, 1979. Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997]



Sec.  376.22  Exemption for private carrier leasing and leasing between 
authorized carriers.

    Regardless of the leasing regulations set forth in this part, an 
authorized carrier may lease equipment to or from another authorized 
carrier, or a private carrier may lease equipment to an authorized 
carrier under the following conditions:
    (a) The identification of equipment requirements in Sec.  376.11(c) 
must be complied with;
    (b) The lessor must own the equipment or hold it under a lease;
    (c) There must be a written agreement between the authorized 
carriers or between the private carrier and authorized carrier, as the 
case may be, concerning the equipment as follows:
    (1) It must be signed by the parties or their authorized 
representatives.
    (2) It must provide that control and responsibility for the 
operation of the equipment shall be that of the lessee from the time 
possession is taken by the lessee and the receipt required under Sec.  
376.11(b) is given to the lessor until:
    (i) Possession of the equipment is returned to the lessor and the 
receipt required under Sec.  376.11(b) is received by the authorized 
carrier; or
    (ii) In the event that the agreement is between authorized carriers, 
possession of the equipment is returned to the lessor or given to 
another authorized carrier in an interchange of equipment.
    (3) A copy of the agreement must be carried in the equipment while 
it is in the possession of the lessee.
    (4) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the use, by authorized 
carriers, private carriers, and all other entities conducting lease 
operations pursuant to this section, of a master lease if a copy of that 
master lease is carried in the equipment while it is in the possession 
of the lessee, and if the master lease complies with the provisions of 
this section and receipts are exchanged in accordance with Sec.  
376.11(b), and if records of the equipment are prepared and maintained 
in accordance with Sec.  376.11(d).
    (d) Authorized and private carriers under common ownership and 
control may lease equipment to each other under this section without 
complying with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section 
pertaining to identification of equipment, and the requirements of 
paragraphs (c)(2) and (c)(4) of this section pertaining to equipment 
receipts. The leasing of equipment between such carriers will be subject 
to all other requirements of this section.

[49 FR 9570, Mar. 14, 1984, as amended at 49 FR 47269, Dec. 3, 1984; 49 
FR 47851, Dec. 7, 1984; 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 63 FR 40838, July 31, 
1998]



Sec.  376.26  Exemption for leases between authorized carriers and
their agents.

    The leasing regulations set forth in Sec.  376.12(e) through (l) do 
not apply to leases between authorized carriers and their agents.

[47 FR 28398, June 30, 1982, as amended at 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997]



                    Subpart D_Interchange Regulations



Sec.  376.31  Interchange of equipment.

    Authorized for-hire motor carriers may interchange equipment under 
the following conditions:
    (a) Interchange agreement. There shall be a written contract, lease, 
or other arrangement providing for the interchange and specifically 
describing the equipment to be interchanged. This written agreement 
shall set forth the specific points of interchange, how the equipment is 
to be used, and the compensation for such use. The interchange agreement 
shall be signed by the parties or by their authorized representatives.
    (b) Operating authority. The carriers participating in the 
interchange shall be registered with the Secretary to

[[Page 156]]

provide the transportation of the commodities at the point where the 
physical exchange occurs.
    (c) Through bills of lading. The traffic transported in interchange 
service must move on through bills of lading issued by the originating 
carrier. The rates charged and the revenues collected must be accounted 
for in the same manner as if there had been no interchange. Charges for 
the use of the interchanged equipment shall be kept separate from 
divisions of the joint rates or the proportions of such rates accruing 
to the carriers by the application of local or proportional rates.
    (d) Identification of equipment. The authorized for-hire motor 
carrier receiving the equipment shall identify equipment operated by it 
in interchange service as follows:
    (1) The authorized for-hire motor carrier shall identify power units 
in accordance with FMCSA's requirements in 49 CFR part 390 
(Identification of Vehicles). Before giving up possession of the 
equipment, the carrier shall remove all identification showing it as the 
operating carrier.
    (2) Unless a copy of the interchange agreement is carried on the 
equipment, the authorized for-hire motor carrier shall carry a statement 
with each vehicle during interchange service certifying that it is 
operating the equipment. The statement shall also identify the equipment 
by company or State registration number and shall show the specific 
point of interchange, the date and time it assumes responsibility for 
the equipment, and the use to be made of the equipment. This statement 
shall be signed by the parties to the interchange agreement or their 
authorized representatives. The requirements of this paragraph shall not 
apply where the equipment to be operated in interchange service consists 
only of trailers or semitrailers.
    (3) Authorized carriers under common ownership and control may 
interchange equipment with each other without complying with the 
requirements of paragraph (d)(1) of this section pertaining to removal 
of identification from equipment.
    (e) Connecting carriers considered as owner--An authorized carrier 
receiving equipment in connection with a through movement shall be 
considered to the owner of the equipment for the purpose of leasing the 
equipment to other authorized carriers in furtherance of the movement to 
destination or the return of the equipment after the movement is 
completed.

[44 FR 4681, Jan. 23, 1979. Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 63 FR 40838, July 31, 1998; 81 
FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



                 Subpart E_Private Carriers and Shippers



Sec.  376.42  Lease of equipment by regulated carriers.

    Authorized carriers may lease equipment and drivers from private 
carriers, for periods of less than 30 days, in the manner set forth in 
Sec.  376.22.

[49 FR 9570, Mar. 14, 1984, as amended at 51 FR 37034, Oct. 17, 1986; 62 
FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997]



PART 377_PAYMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CHARGES--Table of Contents



                 Subpart A_Handling of C.O.D. Shipments

Sec.
377.101 Applicability.
377.103 Tariff requirements.
377.105 Collection and remittance.

Subpart B_Extension of Credit to Shippers by For-Hire, Non-Exempt Motor 
             Carriers and Household Goods Freight Forwarders

377.201 Scope.
377.203 Extension of credit to shippers.
377.205 Presentation of freight bills.
377.207 Effect of mailing freight bills or payments.
377.209 Additional charges.
377.211 Computation of time.
377.213-377.215 [Reserved]
377.217 Interline settlement of revenues.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13101, 13301, 13701, 13702, 13706, 13707, and 
14101; and 49 CFR 1.87.



                 Subpart A_Handling of C.O.D. Shipments

    Source: 32 FR 20050, Dec. 20, 1967, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996.

[[Page 157]]



Sec.  377.101  Applicability.

    (a) Applicability. The rules and regulations in this part apply to 
the transportation by motor vehicle of cash-on-delivery (c.o.d.) 
shipments by all for-hire motor carriers of property subject to 49 
U.S.C. 13702.
    (b) Exceptions. (1) The rules in this part do not apply to 
transportation which is auxiliary to or supplemental of transportation 
by railroad and performed on railroad bills of lading.
    (2) The rules in this part do not apply to transportation which is 
performed for freight forwarders and on freight forwarder bills of 
lading.

[81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  377.103  Tariff requirements.

    No motor carrier of property subject to the provisions of 49 U.S.C. 
13702, except as otherwise provided in Sec.  377.101, shall render any 
c.o.d. service unless such carrier has published, posted and filed 
tariffs which contain the rates, charges and rules governing such 
service, which rules shall conform to the regulations in this part.

[32 FR 20050, Dec. 20, 1967. Redesignated at 61 FR 54708, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  377.105  Collection and remittance.

    Every motor carrier of property subject to 49 U.S.C. 13702, except 
as otherwise provided in Sec.  377.101, which chooses to provide c.o.d. 
service may publish and maintain, or cause to be published and 
maintained for its account, a tariff or tariffs which set forth 
nondiscriminatory rules governing c.o.d. service and the collection and 
remittance of c.o.d. funds. Alternatively, any carrier that provides 
c.o.d. service, but does not wish to publish and maintain, or cause to 
be published and maintained, its own nondiscriminatory tariff, may adopt 
a rule requiring remittance of each c.o.d. collection directly to the 
consignor or other person designated by the consignor as payee within 
fifteen (15) days after delivery of the c.o.d. shipment to the 
consignee.

[52 FR 45966, Dec. 3, 1987, as amended at 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 
FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Subpart B_Extension of Credit to Shippers by For-Hire, Non-Exempt Motor 
             Carriers and Household Goods Freight Forwarders

    Source: 50 FR 2290, Jan. 16, 1985, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  377.201  Scope.

    (a) General. These regulations apply to the extension of credit in 
the transportation of property under Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration regulation by for-hire, non-exempt motor carriers and 
household goods freight forwarders subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, 
part B, except as otherwise provided.
    (b) Exceptions. These regulations do not apply to--
    (1) Transportation for--
    (i) The United States or any department, bureau, or agency thereof;
    (ii) Any State or political subdivision thereof; or
    (iii) The District of Columbia.
    (2) Property transportation incidental to passenger operations.

[81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  377.203  Extension of credit to shippers.

    (a) Authorization to extend credit. (1) A carrier that meets the 
requirements in paragraph (a)(2) of this section may--
    (i) Relinquish possession of freight in advance of the payment of 
the tariff charges, and
    (ii) Extend credit in the amount of such charges to those who 
undertake to pay them (such persons are called shippers in this part).
    (2) For such authorization, the carrier shall take reasonable 
actions to assure payment of the tariff charges within the credit 
periods specified--
    (i) In this part, or
    (ii) In tariff provisions published pursuant to the regulations in 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (b) When the credit period begins. The credit period shall begin on 
the day following presentation of the freight bill.
    (c) Length of credit period. Unless a different credit period has 
been established by tariff publication pursuant to

[[Page 158]]

paragraph (d) of this section, the credit period is 15 days. It includes 
Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays.
    (d) Carriers may establish different credit periods in tariff rules. 
Carriers may publish tariff rules establishing credit periods different 
from those in paragraph (c) of this section. Such credit periods shall 
not be longer than 30 calendar days.
    (e) Service charges. (1) Service charges shall not apply when credit 
is extended and payments are made within the standard credit period. The 
term standard credit period, as used in the preceding sentence, means--
    (i) The credit period prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section, 
or
    (ii) A substitute credit period published in a tariff rule pursuant 
to the authorization in paragraph (d) of this section.
    (2) Carriers may, by tariff rule, extend credit for an additional 
time period, subject if they wish to a service charge for that 
additional time. The combined length of the carrier's standard credit 
period (as defined in paragraph (e)(1) of this section) and its 
additional credit period shall not exceed the 30-day maximum credit 
period prescribed in paragraph (d) of this section. When such a tariff 
rule is in effect, shippers may elect to postpone payment until the end 
of the extended credit period if, in consideration therefor, they 
include any published service charges when making their payment.
    (3) Carriers may, by tariff rule, establish service charges for 
payments made after the expiration of an authorized credit period. Such 
a rule shall--
    (i) Institute such charges on the day following the last day of an 
authorized credit period, and
    (ii) Notify shippers--
    (A) That its only purpose is to prevent a shipper who does not pay 
on time from having free use of funds due to the carrier,
    (B) That it does not sanction payment delays, and
    (C) That failure to pay within the authorized credit period will, 
despite this provision for such charges, continue to require the 
carrier, before again extending credit, to determine in good faith 
whether the shipper will comply with the credit regulations in the 
future.
    (4) Tariff rules that establish charges pursuant to paragraph (e) 
(2) or (3) of this section may establish minimum charges.
    (f) Discounts. Carriers may, by tariff rule, authorize discounts for 
early freight bill payments when credit is extended.
    (g)(1) Collection expense charges. Carriers may, by tariff rule, 
assess reasonable and certain liquidated damages for all costs incurred 
in the collection of overdue freight charges. Carriers may use one of 
two methods in their tariffs:
    (i) The first method is to assess liquidated damages as a separate 
additional charge to the unpaid freight bill. In doing so, the tariff 
rule shall disclose the exact amount of the charges by stating either a 
dollar or specified percentage amount (or a combination of both) of the 
unpaid freight bill. The tariff shall further specify the time period 
(which shall at least allow for the authorized credit period) within 
which the shipper must pay to avoid such liquidated damages.
    (ii) The second method is to require payment of the full, 
nondiscounted rate instead of the discounted rate otherwise applicable. 
The difference between the discount and the full rate constitutes a 
carrier's liquidated damages for its collection effort. Under this 
method the tariff shall identify the discount rates that are subject to 
the condition precedent and which require the shipper to make payment by 
a date certain. The date certain may not be set to occur by the carrier 
until at least after the expiration of the carrier's authorized credit 
period.
    (2) The damages, the timing of their applicability, and the 
conditions, if any, as provided by the tariff-rule methods allowed under 
paragraphs (g)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section also:
    (i) Shall be clearly described in the tariff rule;
    (ii) Shall be applied without unlawful prejudice and/or unjust 
discrimination between similarly situated shippers and/or consignees;
    (iii) Shall be applied only to the nonpayment of original, separate 
and independent freight bills and shall not apply to aggregate balance-
due claims

[[Page 159]]

sought for collection on past shipments by a bankruptcy trustee, or any 
other person or agent;
    (iv) Shall not apply to instances of clear clerical or ministerial 
error such as non-receipt of a carrier's freight bill, or shipper's 
payment check lost in the mail, or carrier mailing of the freight bill 
to the wrong address;
    (v) Shall not apply in any way to a charge for a transportation 
service if the carrier's bill of lading independently provides that the 
shipper is liable for fees incurred by the carrier in the collection of 
freight charges on that same transportation service;
    (vi) shall be applied only after the authorized credit period, and 
when the carrier has issued a revised freight bill or notice of 
imposition of collection expense charges for late payment within 90 days 
after expiration of the authorized credit period.
    (3) As an alternative to the tariff-rule methods allowed under 
paragraphs (g)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section, a carrier may, wholly 
outside of its tariff, assess collection charges though contract terms 
in a bill of lading. By using the carrier and its bill of lading, the 
shipper accepts the bill of lading terms.
    (h) Discrimination prohibited. Tariff rules published pursuant to 
paragraphs (d), (e), and (f) of this section shall not result in 
unreasonable discrimination among shippers.

[50 FR 2290, Jan. 16, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 6991, Mar. 4, 1988; 54 
FR 30748, July 24, 1989]



Sec.  377.205  Presentation of freight bills.

    (a) ``To be prepaid'' shipments. (1) On ``to be prepaid'' shipments, 
the carrier shall present its freight bill for all transportation 
charges within the time period prescribed in paragraph (a)(2) of this 
section, except--
    (i) As noted in paragraph (d) of this section, or
    (ii) As otherwise excepted in this part.
    (2) The time period for a carrier to present its freight bill for 
all transportation charges shall be 7 days, measured from the date the 
carrier received the shipment. This time period does not include 
Saturdays, Sundays, or legal holidays.
    (b) ``Collect'' shipments. (1) On ``collect'' shipments, the carrier 
shall present its freight bill for all transportation charges within the 
time period prescribed in paragraph (b)(2) and of this section, except--
    (i) As noted in paragraph (d) of this section, or
    (ii) As otherwise excepted in this part.
    (2) The time period for a carrier to present its freight bill for 
all transportation charges shall be 7 days, measured from the date the 
shipment was delivered at its destination. This time period does not 
include Saturdays, Sundays, or legal holidays.
    (c) Bills or accompanying written notices shall state penalties for 
late payment, credit time limits and service charge and/or collection 
expense charge and discount terms. When credit is extended, freight 
bills or a separate written notice accompanying a freight bill or a 
group of freight bills presented at one time shall state that ``failure 
timely to pay freight charges may be subject to tariff penalties'' (or a 
statement of similar import). The bills or other notice shall also state 
the time by which payment must be made and any applicable service charge 
and/or collection expense charge and discount terms.
    (d) When the carrier lacks sufficient information to compute tariff 
charges. (1) When information sufficient to enable the carrier to 
compute the tariff charges is not then available to the carrier at its 
billing point, the carrier shall present its freight bill for payment 
within 7 days following the day upon which sufficient information 
becomes available at the billing point. This time period does not 
include Saturdays, Sundays, or legal holidays.
    (2) A carrier shall not extend further credit to any shipper which 
fails to furnish sufficient information to allow the carrier to render a 
freight bill within a reasonable time after the shipment is tendered to 
the origin carrier.
    (3) As used in this paragraph, the term ``shipper'' includes, but is 
not limited to, freight forwarders, and shippers' associations and 
shippers' agents.

[50 FR 2290, Jan. 16, 1985, as amended at 54 FR 30748, July 24, 1989; 62 
FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997]

[[Page 160]]



Sec.  377.207  Effect of mailing freight bills or payments.

    (a) Presentation of freight bills by mail. When carriers present 
freight bills by mail, the time of mailing shall be deemed to be the 
time of presentation of the bills. The term freight bills, as used in 
this paragraph, includes both paper documents and billing by use of 
electronic media such as computer tapes or disks, when the mails are 
used to transmit them.
    (b) Payment by mail. Wnen shippers mail acceptable checks, drafts, 
or money orders in payment of freight charges, the act of mailing them 
within the credit period shall be deemed to be the collection of the 
tariff charges within the credit period for the purposes of the 
regulations in this part.
    (c) Disputes as to date of mailing. In case of dispute as to the 
date of mailing, the postmark shall be accepted as such date.



Sec.  377.209  Additional charges.

    When a carrier--
    (a) Has collected the amount of tariff charges represented in a 
freight bill presented by it as the total amount of such charges, and
    (b) Thereafter presents to the shipper another freight bill for 
additional charges--

the carrier may extend credit in the amount of such additional charges 
for a period of 30 calendar days from the date of the presentation of 
the freight bill for the additional charges.



Sec.  377.211  Computation of time.

    Time periods involving calendar days shall be calculated pursuant to 
49 CFR 386.8.

[80 FR 59072, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec. Sec.  377.213-377.215  [Reserved]



Sec.  377.217  Interline settlement of revenues.

    Nothing in this part shall be interpreted as affecting the interline 
settlement of revenues from traffic which is transported over through 
routes composed of lines of motor carriers subject to the Secretary's 
jurisdiction under 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B.

[50 FR 2290, Jan. 16, 1985. Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



PART 378_PROCEDURES GOVERNING THE PROCESSING, INVESTIGATION, AND 
DISPOSITION OF OVERCHARGE, DUPLICATE PAYMENT, OR OVERCOLLECTION CLAIMS-
-Table of Contents



Sec.
378.1 Applicability.
378.2 Definitions.
378.3 Filing and processing claims.
378.4 Documentation of claims.
378.5 Investigation of claims.
378.6 Claim records.
378.7 Acknowledgment of claims.
378.8 Disposition of claims.
378.9 Disposition of unidentified payments, overcharges, duplicate 
          payments, and overcollections not supported by claims.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13321, 14101, 14704 and 14705; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 43 FR 41040, Sept. 14, 1978, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54707, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  378.1  Applicability.

    The regulations set forth in this part govern the processing of 
claims for overcharge, duplicate payment, or overcollection for the 
transportation of property in interstate or foreign commerce by motor 
carriers and household goods freight forwarders subject to 49 U.S.C. 
subtitle IV, part B.

[43 FR 41040, Sept. 14, 1978, as amended at 51 FR 44297, Dec. 9, 1986; 
62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  378.2  Definitions.

    (a) Carrier means a motor carrier or household goods freight 
forwarder subject to 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B.
    (b) Overcharge means an overcharge as defined in 49 U.S.C. 14704(b). 
It also includes duplicate payments as defined in paragraph (c) of this 
section and overcollections as defined in paragraph (d) of this section 
when a dispute exists between the parties concerning such charges.
    (c) Duplicate payment means two or more payments for transporting 
the same shipment. Where one or more

[[Page 161]]

payment is not in the exact amount of the applicable tariff rates and 
charges, refunds shall be made on the basis of the excess amount over 
the applicable tariff rates and charges.
    (d) Overcollection means the receipt by a household goods carrier of 
a payment in excess of the transportation and/or accessorial charges 
applicable to a particular shipment of household goods, as defined in 
part 375 of this chapter, under tariffs lawfully on file with the United 
States Department of Transportation's Surface Transportation Board.
    (e) Unidentified payment means a payment which a carrier has 
received but which the carrier is unable to match with its open accounts 
receivable or otherwise identify as being due for the performance of 
transportation services.
    (f) Claimant means any shipper or receiver, or its authorized agent, 
filing a request with a carrier for the refund of an overcharge, 
duplicate payment, or overcollection.

[43 FR 41040, Sept. 14, 1978, as amended at 44 FR 66832, Nov. 21, 1979; 
51 FR 34989, Oct. 1, 1986; 51 FR 44297, Dec. 9, 1986; 62 FR 15424, Apr. 
1, 1997; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  378.3  Filing and processing claims.

    (a) A claim for overcharge, duplicate payment, or overcollection 
shall not be paid unless filed in writing with the carrier that 
collected the transportation charges. The collecting carrier shall be 
the carrier to process all such claims. When a claim is filed with 
another carrier that participated in the transportation, that carrier 
shall transmit the claim to the collecting carrier within 15 days after 
receipt of the claim. If the collecting carrier is unable to dispose of 
the claim for any reason, the claim may be filed with or transferred to 
any participating carrier for final disposition.
    (b) A single claim may include more than one shipment provided the 
claim on each shipment involves:
    (1) The same tariff issue or authority or circumstances,
    (2) Single line service by the same carrier, or
    (3) Service by the same interline carriers.

[43 FR 41040, Sept. 14, 1978, as amended at 47 FR 12804, Mar. 25, 1982; 
83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  378.4  Documentation of claims.

    (a) Claims for overcharge, duplicate payment, or overcollection 
shall be accompanied by sufficient information to allow the carriers to 
conduct an investigation and pay or decline the claim within the time 
limitations set forth in Sec.  378.8. Claims shall include the name of 
the claimant, its file number, if any, and the amount of the refund 
sought to be recovered, if known.
    (b) Claims for overcharge shall be accompanied by the freight bill. 
Additional information may include, but is not limited to, the 
following:
    (1) The rate, classification, or commodity description or weight 
claimed to have been applicable.
    (2) Complete tariff authority for the rate, classification, or 
commodity description claimed.
    (3) Freight bill payment information.
    (4) Other documents or data which is believed by claimant to 
substantiate the basis for its claim.
    (c) Claims for duplicate payment and overcollection shall be 
accompanied by the freight bill(s) for which charges were paid and by 
freight bill payment information.
    (d) Regardless of the provisions of paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of 
this section, the failure to provide sufficient information and 
documentation to allow a carrier to conduct an investigation and pay or 
decline the claim within the allowable time limitation shall not 
constitute grounds for disallowance of the claim. Rather, the carrier 
shall comply with Sec.  378.5(c) to obtain the additional information 
required.
    (e) A carrier shall accept copies instead of the original documents 
required to be submitted in this section where the carrier is furnished 
with an agreement entered into by the claimant which indemnifies the 
carrier for subsequent duplicate claims which

[[Page 162]]

might be filed and supported by the original documents.

[43 FR 41040, Sept. 14, 1978, as amended at 44 FR 4679, Jan. 23, 1979; 
47 FR 12804, Mar. 25, 1982; 62 FR 15424, Apr. 1, 1997; 83 FR 16225, Apr. 
16, 2018]



Sec.  378.5  Investigation of claims.

    (a) Upon receipt of a claim, whether written or otherwise, the 
processing carrier shall promptly initiate an investigation and 
establish a file, as required by Sec.  378.6.
    (b) If a carrier discovers an overcharge, duplicate payment, or 
overcollection which has not been the subject of a claim, it shall 
promptly initiate an investigation and comply with the provisions in 
Sec.  378.9.
    (c) In the event the carrier processing the claim requires 
information or documents in addition to that submitted with the claim, 
the carrier shall promptly notify the claimant and request the 
information required. This includes notifying the claimant that a 
written claim must be filed before the carrier becomes subject to the 
time limits for settling such a claim under Sec.  378.8.

[43 FR 41040, Sept. 14, 1978, as amended at 47 FR 12804, Mar. 25, 1982; 
62 FR 15424, 15425, Apr. 1, 1997; 83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  378.6  Claim records.

    At the time a claim is received the carrier shall create a separate 
file and assign it a successive claim file number and note that number 
on all documents filed in support of the claim and all records and 
correspondence with respect to the claim, including the written 
acknowledgment of receipt required under Sec.  378.7. If pertinent to 
the disposition of the claim, the carrier shall also note that number on 
the shipping order and delivery receipt, if any, covering the shipment 
involved.

[47 FR 12804, Mar. 25, 1982, as amended at 62 FR 15425, Apr. 1, 1997; 83 
FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  378.7  Acknowledgment of claims.

    Upon receipt of a written claim, the carrier shall acknowledge its 
receipt in writing to the claimant within 30 days after the date of 
receipt except when the carrier shall have paid or declined in writing 
within that period. The carrier shall include the date of receipt in its 
written claim, which shall be placed in the file for that claim.

[83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  378.8  Disposition of claims.

    The processing carrier shall pay, decline to pay, or settle each 
written claim within 60 days after its receipt by that carrier, except 
where the claimant and the carrier agree in writing to a specific 
extension based upon extenuating circumstances. If the carrier declines 
to pay a claim or makes settlement in an amount different from that 
sought, the carrier shall notify the claimant in writing of the 
reason(s) for its action, citing tariff authority or other pertinent 
information developed as a result of its investigation.

[83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  378.9  Disposition of unidentified payments, overcharges, 
duplicate payments, and overcollections not supported by claims.

    (a)(1) Carriers shall establish procedures for identifying and 
properly applying all unidentified payments. If a carrier does not have 
sufficient information with which properly to apply such a payment, the 
carrier shall notify the payor of the unidentified payment within 60 
days of receipt of the payment and request information which will enable 
it to identify the payment. If the carrier does not receive the 
information requested within 90 days from the date of the notice, the 
carrier may treat the unidentified payment as a payment in fact of 
freight charges owing to it. Following the 90-day period, the regular 
claims procedure under this part shall be applicable.
    (2) Notice shall be in writing and clearly indicate that it is a 
final notice and not a bill. Notice shall include: The check number, 
amount, and date; the payor's name; and any additional basic information 
the carrier is able to provide. The final notice also must inform payor 
that: (i) Applicable regulations allow the carrier to conditionally 
retain the payment as revenue in the absence of a timely response by the

[[Page 163]]

payor; and (ii) following the 90-day period the regular claims procedure 
shall be applicable.
    (3) Upon a carrier's receipt of information from the payor, the 
carrier shall, within 14 days: (i) Make a complete refund of such funds 
to the payor; or (ii) notify the payor that the information supplied is 
not sufficient to identify the unapplied payment and request additional 
information; or (iii) notify the payor of the carrier's determination 
that such payment was applicable to particular freight charges lawfully 
due the carrier. Where no refund is made by the carrier, the carrier 
shall advise the payor of its right to file a formal claim for refund 
with the carrier in accordance with the regular claims procedure under 
this part.
    (b) When a carrier which participates in a transportation movement, 
but did not collect the transporation charges, finds that an overpayment 
has been made, that carrier shall immediately notify the collecting 
carrier. When the collecting carrier (when single or joint line haul) 
discovers or is notified by such a participating carrier that an 
overcharge, duplicate payment, or overcollection exists for any 
tranportation charge which has not been the subject of a claim, the 
carrier shall create a file as if a claim had been submitted and shall 
record in the file the date it discovered or was notified of the 
overpayment. The carrier that collected the charges shall then refund 
the amount of the overpayment to the person who paid the transportation 
charges or to the person that made duplicate payment within 30 days from 
the date of such discovery or notification.

[43 FR 41040, Sept. 14, 1978, as amended at 44 FR 66832, Nov. 21, 1979]



PART 379_PRESERVATION OF RECORDS--Table of Contents



Sec.
379.1 Applicability.
379.3 Records required to be retained.
379.5 Protection and storage of records.
379.7 Preservation of records.
379.9 Companies going out of business.
379.11 Waiver of requirements of the regulations in this part.
379.13 Disposition and retention of records.

Appendix A to Part 379--Schedule of Records and Periods of Retention

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301, 14122 and 14123; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 62 FR 32044, June 12, 1997, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  379.1  Applicability.

    (a) The preservation of record rules contained in this part shall 
apply to the following:
    (1) Motor carriers and brokers;
    (2) Water carriers; and
    (3) Household goods freight forwarders.
    (b) This part applies also to the preservation of accounts, records 
and memoranda of traffic associations, weighing and inspection bureaus, 
and other joint activities maintained by or on behalf of companies 
listed in paragraph (a) of this section.



Sec.  379.3  Records required to be retained.

    Companies subject to this part shall retain records for the minimum 
retention periods provided in appendix A to this part. After the 
required retention periods, the records may be destroyed at the 
discretion of each company's management. It shall be the obligation of 
the subject company to maintain records that adequately support 
financial and operational data required by the Secretary. The company 
may request a ruling from the Secretary on the retention of any record. 
The provisions of this part shall not be construed as excusing 
compliance with the lawful requirements of any other governmental body 
prescribing longer retention periods for any category of records.



Sec.  379.5  Protection and storage of records.

    (a) The entity shall protect records subject to this part from 
destruction, deterioration, unauthorized access, modification and/or 
data corruption.
    (b) The entity shall notify the Secretary if prescribed records are 
substantially destroyed, damaged, accessed and modified without 
authorization, or otherwise corrupted.

[83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]

[[Page 164]]



Sec.  379.7  Preservation of records.

    (a) All records may be preserved by any technology that accurately 
reflects all of the information in the record and remains accessible in 
a form that can be accurately reproduced later for reference.
    (b) Common information, such as instructions, need not be preserved 
for each record as long as it is common to all such forms and an 
identified specimen of the form is maintained for reference.

[83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  379.9  Companies going out of business.

    The records referred to in the regulations in this part may be 
destroyed after business is discontinued and the company is completely 
liquidated. The records may not be destroyed until dissolution is final 
and all pending transactions and claims are completed. When a company is 
merged with another company under jurisdiction of the Secretary, the 
successor company shall preserve records of the merged company in 
accordance with the regulations in this part.



Sec.  379.11  Waiver of requirements of the regulations in this part.

    A waiver from any provision of the regulations in this part may be 
made by the Secretary upon his/her own initiative or upon submission of 
a written request by the company. Each request for waiver shall 
demonstrate that unusual circumstances warrant a departure from 
prescribed retention periods, procedures, or techniques, or that 
compliance with such prescribed requirements would impose an 
unreasonable burden on the company.



Sec.  379.13  Disposition and retention of records.

    The schedule in appendix A to this part shows periods that 
designated records shall be preserved. The descriptions specified under 
the various general headings are for convenient reference and 
identification, and are intended to apply to the items named regardless 
of what the records are called in individual companies and regardless of 
the record media. The retention periods represent the prescribed number 
of years from the date of the document and not calendar years. Records 
not listed in appendix A to this part shall be retained as determined by 
the management of each company.



    Sec. Appendix A to Part 379--Schedule of Records and Periods of 
                                Retention

------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Item and category of records               Retention period
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   A. Corporate and General
 
1. Incorporation and
 reorganization:
    (a) Charter or             Note A.
     certificate of
     incorporation and
     amendments.
    (b) Legal documents        Note A.
     related to mergers,
     consolidations,
     reorganization,
     receiverships and
     similar actions which
     affect the identity or
     organization of the
     company.
2. Minutes of Directors,       Note A.
 Executive Committees,
 Stockholders and other
 corporate meetings.
3. Titles, franchises and
 authorities:
    (a) Certificates of        Until expiration or cancellation.
     public convenience and
     necessity issued by
     regulating bodies.
    (b) Operating              Until expiration or cancellation.
     authorizations and
     exemptions to operate.
    (c) Copies of formal       Note A.
     orders of regulatory
     bodies served upon the
     company.
    (d) Deeds, charters, and   Until disposition of property.
     other title documents.
4. Annual reports or           3 years.
 statements to stockholders.
5. Contracts and agreements:
    (a) Service contracts,     Until expiration or termination plus 3
     such as for operational    years.
     management, accounting,
     financial or legal
     services, and agreements
     with agents.
    (b) Contracts and other    Until expiration or termination plus 3
     agreements relating to     years.
     the construction,
     acquisition or sale of
     real property and
     equipment except as
     otherwise provided in
     (a) above.
    (c) Contracts for the      Until expiration.
     purchase or sale of
     material and supplies
     except as provided in
     (a) above.
    (d) Shipping contracts     Until expiration.
     for transportation or
     caretakers of freight.
    (e) Contracts with         Until expiration.
     employees and employee
     bargaining groups.

[[Page 165]]

 
    (f) Contracts, leases and  Until expiration or termination plus 1
     agreements, not            year.
     specifically provided
     for in this section.
6. Accountant's auditor's,
 and inspector's reports:
    (a) Certifications and     3 years.
     reports of examinations
     and audits conducted by
     public accountants.
    (b) Reports of             3 years.
     examinations and audits
     conducted by internal
     auditors, time
     inspectors, and others.
7. Other.....................  Note A.
 
         B. Treasury
 
1. Capital stock records:
    (a) Capital stock ledger.  Note A.
    (b) Capital stock          Note A.
     certificates, records of
     or stubs of.
    (c) Stock transfer         Note A.
     register.
2. Long-term debt records:
    (a) Bond indentures,       Until redemption plus 3 years.
     underwritings,
     mortgages, and other
     long-term credit
     agreements.
    (b) Registered bonds and   Until redemption plus 3 years.
     debenture ledgers.
    (c) Stubs or similar       Note A.
     records of bonds or
     other long-term debt
     issued.
3. Authorizations from         Note A.
 regulatory bodies for
 issuance of securities
 including applications,
 reports, and supporting
 documents.
4. Records of securities       Until the securities are sold, redeemed
 owned, in treasury, or held    or otherwise disposed of.
 by custodians, detailed
 ledgers and journals, or
 their equivalent.
5. Other.....................  Note A.
 
 C. Financial and Accounting
 
1. Ledgers:
    (a) General and            Until discontinuance of use plus 3 years.
     subsidiary ledgers with
     indexes.
    (b) Balance sheets and     3 years.
     trial balance sheets of
     general and subsidiary
     ledgers.
2. Journals:
    (a) General journals.....  Until discontinuance of use plus 3 years.
    (b) Subsidiary journals    3 years.
     and any supporting data,
     except as otherwise
     provided for, necessary
     to explain journal
     entries.
3. Cash books:
    (a) General cash books...  Until discontinuance of use plus 3 years.
    (b) Subsidiary cash books  3 years.
4. Vouchers:
    (a) Voucher registers,     3 years.
     indexes, or equivalent.
    (b) Paid and canceled      3 years.
     vouchers, expenditure
     authorizations, detailed
     distribution sheets and
     other supporting data
     including original bills
     and invoices, if not
     provided for elsewhere.
    (c) Paid drafts, paid      3 years.
     checks, and receipts for
     cash paid out.
5. Accounts receivable:
    (a) Record or register of  3 years after settlement.
     accounts receivable,
     indexes thereto, and
     summaries of
     distribution.
    (b) Bills issued for       3 years after settlement.
     collection and
     supporting data.
    (c) Authorization for      1 year.
     writing off receivables.
    (d) Reports and            1 year.
     statements showing age
     and status of
     receivables.
6. Records of accounting       3 years after discontinuance.
 codes and instructions.
7. Other.....................  Note A.
 
  D. Property and Equipment
 
  Note.--All accounts, records, and memoranda necessary for making a
complete analysis of the cost or value of property shall be retained for
the periods shown. If any of the records elsewhere provided for in this
schedule are of this character, they shall be retained for the periods
shown below, regardless of any lesser retention period assigned.
 
1. Property records:
    (a) Records which          3 years after disposition of property.
     maintain complete
     information on cost or
     other value of all real
     and personal property or
     equipment.
    (b) Records of additions   3 years after disposition of property.
     and betterments made to
     property and equipment.
    (c) Records pertaining to  3 years after disposition of property.
     retirements and
     replacements of property
     and equipment.
    (d) Records pertaining to  3 years after disposition of property.
     depreciation.
    (e) Records of equipment   3 years after disposition of property.
     number changes.
    (f) Records of motor and   3 years after disposition of property.
     engine changes.
    (g) Records of equipment   Only current or latest records.
     lightweighed and
     stenciled.
2. Engineering records of      3 years after disposition of property.
 property changes actually
 made.
3. Other.....................  Note A.
 
   E. Personnel and Payroll
 
1. Personnel and payroll       1 year.
 records.
 
   F. Insurance and Claims
 
1. Insurance records:

[[Page 166]]

 
    (a) Schedules of           Until expiration plus 1 year.
     insurance against fire,
     storms, and other
     hazards and records of
     premium payments.
    (b) Records of losses and  1 year after settlement.
     recoveries from
     insurance companies and
     supporting documents.
    (c) Insurance policies...  Until expiration of coverage plus 1 year.
2. Claims records:
    (a) Claim registers, card  1 year after settlement.
     or book indexes, and
     other records which
     record personal injury,
     fire and other claims
     against the company,
     together with all
     supporting data.
    (b) Claims registers,      1 year after settlement.
     card or book indexes,
     and other records which
     record overcharges,
     damages, and other
     claims filed by the
     company against others,
     together with all
     supporting data.
    (c) Records giving the     3 years.
     details of authorities
     issued to agents,
     carriers, and others for
     participation in freight
     claims.
    (d) Reports, statements    3 years.
     and other data
     pertaining to personal
     injuries or damage to
     property when not
     necessary to support
     claims or vouchers.
    (e) Reports, statements,   1 year.
     tracers, and other data
     pertaining to unclaimed,
     over, short, damaged,
     and refused freight,
     when not necessary to
     support claims or
     vouchers.
    (f) Authorities for        3 years.
     disposal of unclaimed,
     damaged, and refused
     freight.
3. Other.....................  Note A.
 
           G. Taxes
 
1. Taxes.....................  Note A.
 
   H. Purchases and Stores
 
1. Purchases and stores......  Note A.
 
    I. Shipping and Agency
          Documents
 
1. Bills of lading and
 releases:
    (a) Consignors' shipping   1 year.
     orders, consignors'
     shipping tickets, and
     copies of bills of
     lading, freight bills
     from other carriers and
     other similar documents
     furnished the carrier
     for movement of freight.
    (b) Shippers' order-to-    1 year.
     notify bills of lading
     taken up and canceled.
2. Freight waybills:
    (a) Local waybills.......  1 year.
    (b) Interline waybills     1 year.
     received from and made
     to other carriers.
    (c) Company freight        1 year.
     waybills.
    (d) Express waybills.....  1 year.
3. Freight bills and
 settlements:
    (a) Paid copy of freight
     bill retained to support
     receipt of freight
     charges:
        (1) Bus express        1 year.
         freight bills
         provided no claim
         has been filed.
        (2) All other freight  1 year.
         bills.
    (b) Paid copy of freight
     bill retained to support
     payment of freight
     charges to other
     carriers:
        (1) Bus express        1 year.
         freight bills
         provided no claim
         has been filed.
        (2) All other freight  1 year.
         bills.
    (c) Records of unsettled   1 year after disposition.
     freight bills and
     supporting documents.
    (d) Records and reports    1 year.
     of correction notices.
4. Other freight records:
    (a) Records of freight     1 year.
     received, forwarded, and
     delivered.
    (b) Notice to consignees   1 year.
     of arrival of freight;
     tender of delivery.
5. Agency records:
    (a) Cash books...........  1 year.
    (b) Remittance records,    1 year.
     bank deposit slips and
     supporting documents.
    (c) Balance sheets and     1 year.
     supporting documents.
    (d) Statements of          1 year.
     corrections in agents'
     accounts.
    (e) Other records and      1 year.
     reports pertaining to
     ticket sales, baggage
     handled, miscellaneous
     collections, refunds,
     adjustments, etc..
------------------------------------------------------------------------
      J. Transportation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Records pertaining to
 transportation of household
 goods:
    (a) Estimate of charges..  1 year.
    (b) Order for service....  1 year.
    (c) Vehicle load manifest  1 year.
    (d) Descriptive inventory  1 year.
2. Dispatchers' sheets,        3 years.
 registers, and other records
 pertaining to movement of
 transportation equipment.
3. Import and export records   2 years.
 including bonded freight.
4. Records, reports, orders    3 years.
 and tickets pertaining to
 weighting of freight.
5. Records of loading and      2 years.
 unloading of transportation
 equipment.
6. Records pertaining to the   2 years.
 diversion or reconsignment
 of freight, including
 requests, tracers, and
 correspondence.
7. Other.....................  Note A.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

[[Page 167]]

 
    K. Supporting Data for
    Reports and Statistics
 
1. Supporting data for
 reports filed with the
 Federal Motor Carrier Safety
 Administration, the Surface
 Transportation Board, the
 Department of
 Transportation's Bureau of
 Transportation Statistics
 and regulatory bodies:
    (a) Supporting data for    3 years.
     annual financial,
     operating and
     statistical reports.
    (b) Supporting data for    3 years.
     periodical reports of
     operating revenues,
     expenses, and income.
    (c) Supporting data for    3 years.
     reports detailing use of
     proceeds from issuance
     or sale of company
     securities.
    (d) Supporting data for    3 years after disposition of the
     valuation inventory        property.
     reports and records.
     This includes related
     notes, maps and
     sketches, underlying
     engineering, land, and
     accounting reports,
     pricing schedules,
     summary or collection
     sheets, yearly reports
     of changes and other
     miscellaneous data, all
     relating to the
     valuation of the
     company's property by
     the Federal Highway
     Administration, the
     Surface Transportation
     Board, the Department of
     Transportation's Bureau
     of Transportation
     Statistics or other
     regulatory body.
2. Supporting data for         6 months.
 periodical reports of
 accidents, inspections,
 tests, hours of service,
 repairs, etc..
3. Supporting data for         3 years.
 periodical statistical of
 operating results or
 performance by tonnage,
 mileage, passengers carried,
 piggyback traffic,
 commodities, costs, analyses
 of increases and decreases,
 or otherwise.
 
       M. Miscellaneous
 
1. Index of records..........  Until revised as record structure
                                changes.
2. Statement listing records   For the remainder of the period as
 prematurely destroyed or       prescribed for records destroyed.
 lost.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note A--Records referenced to this note shall be maintained as
  determined by the designated records supervisory official. Companies
  should be mindful of the record retention requirements of the Internal
  Revenue Service, Securities and Exchange Commission, State and local
  jurisdictions, and other regulatory agencies. Companies shall exercise
  reasonable care in choosing retention periods, and the choice of
  retention periods shall reflect past experiences, company needs,
  pending litigation, and regulatory requirements.


[62 FR 32044, June 12, 1997, as amended at 66 FR 49871, Oct. 1, 2001; 77 
FR 59824, Oct. 1, 2012; 83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



PART 380_SPECIAL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS--Table of Contents



 Subpart A_Longer Combination Vehicle (LCV) Driver-Training and Driver-
                     Instructor Requirements_General

Sec.
380.101 Purpose and scope.
380.103 Applicability.
380.105 Definitions.
380.107 General requirements.
380.109 Driver testing.
380.111 Substitute for driver training.
380.113 Employer responsibilities.

                  Subpart B_LCV Driver-Training Program

380.201 General requirements.
380.203 LCV Doubles.
380.205 LCV Triples.

              Subpart C_LCV Driver-Instructor Requirements

380.301 General requirements.
380.303 Substitute for instructor requirements.
380.305 Employer responsibilities.

                 Subpart D_Driver-Training Certification

380.401 Certification document.

Subpart E [Reserved]

Subpart F_Entry-Level Driver Training Requirements On and After February 
                                 7, 2022

380.600 Compliance date for training requirements for entry-level 
          drivers.
380.601 Purpose and scope.
380.603 Applicability.
380.605 Definitions.
380.609 General entry-level driver training requirements.

Subpart G_Registry of Entry-Level Driver Training Providers On and After 
                            February 7, 2022

380.700 Scope.
380.703 Requirements for listing on the training provider registry 
          (TPR).
380.707 Entry-level training provider requirements.
380.709 Facilities.
380.711 Equipment.
380.713 Instructor requirements.
380.715 Assessments.

[[Page 168]]

380.717 Training certification.
380.719 Requirements for continued listing on the training provider 
          registry (TPR).
380.721 Removal from Training Provider Registry: factors considered.
380.723 Removal from Training Provider Registry: procedure.
380.725 Documentation and record retention.

Appendix A to Part 380--Class A--CDL Training Curriculum
Appendix B to Part 380--Class B--CDL Training Curriculum
Appendix C to Part 380--Passenger Endorsement Training Curriculum
Appendix D to Part 380--School Bus Endorsement Training Curriculum
Appendix E to Part 380--Hazardous Materials Endorsement Training 
          Curriculum
Appendix F to Part 380--LCV Driver Training Programs, Required Knowledge 
          and Skills

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 31133, 31136, 31305, 31307, 31308, 31502; sec. 
4007(a) and (b), Pub. L. 102-240, 105 Stat. 1914, 2151-2152; sec. 32304, 
Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 791; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 69 FR 16732, Mar. 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.



 Subpart A_Longer Combination Vehicle (LCV) Driver-Training and Driver-
                     Instructor Requirements_General



Sec.  380.101  Purpose and scope.

    (a) Purpose. The purpose of this part is to establish minimum 
requirements for operators of longer combination vehicles (LCVs) and LCV 
driver-instructors.
    (b) Scope. This part establishes:
    (1) Minimum training requirements for operators of LCVs;
    (2) Minimum qualification requirements for LCV driver-instructors; 
and
    (3) Procedures for determining compliance with this part by 
operators, instructors, training institutions, and employers.



Sec.  380.103  Applicability.

    The rules in this part apply to all operators of LCVs in interstate 
commerce, employers of such persons, and LCV driver-instructors.



Sec.  380.105  Definitions.

    (a) The definitions in part 383 of this subchapter apply to this 
part, except where otherwise specifically noted.
    (b) As used in this part:
    Classroom instructor means a qualified LCV driver-instructor who 
provides knowledge instruction that does not involve the actual 
operation of a longer combination vehicle or its components. Instruction 
may take place in a parking lot, garage, or any other facility suitable 
for instruction.
    Longer combination vehicle (LCV) means any combination of a truck-
tractor and two or more trailers or semi-trailers, which operate on the 
National System of Interstate and Defense Highways with a gross vehicle 
weight (GVW) greater than 36,288 kilograms (80,000 pounds).
    LCV Double means an LCV consisting of a truck-tractor in combination 
with two trailers and/or semi-trailers.
    LCV Triple means an LCV consisting of a truck-tractor in combination 
with three trailers and/or semi-trailers.
    Qualified LCV driver-instructor means an instructor meeting the 
requirements contained in subpart C of this part. There are two types of 
qualified LCV driver-instructors: (1) classroom instructor and (2) 
skills instructor.
    Skills instructor means a qualified LCV driver-instructor who 
provides behind-the-wheel instruction involving the actual operation of 
a longer combination vehicle or its components outside a classroom.
    Training institution means any technical or vocational school 
accredited by an accrediting institution recognized by the U.S. 
Department of Education. A motor carrier's training program for its 
drivers or an entity that exclusively offers services to a single motor 
carrier is not a training institution.



Sec.  380.107  General requirements.

    (a) Except as provided in Sec.  380.111, a driver who wishes to 
operate an LCV shall first take and successfully complete an LCV driver-
training program that provides the knowledge and skills necessary to 
operate an LCV. The specific types of knowledge and skills that a 
training program shall include are outlined in Appendix F to this part.

[[Page 169]]

    (b) Before a person receives training:
    (1) That person shall present evidence to the LCV driver-instructor 
showing that he/she meets the general requirements set forth in subpart 
B of this part for the specific type of LCV training to be taken.
    (2) The LCV driver-instructor shall verify that each trainee 
applicant meets the general requirements for the specific type of LCV 
training to be taken.
    (c) Upon successful completion of the training requirement, the 
driver-student shall be issued an LCV Driver Training Certificate by a 
certifying official of the training entity in accordance with the 
requirements specified in subpart D of this part.

[69 FR 16732, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 83 FR 22874, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  380.109  Driver testing.

    (a) Testing methods. The driver-student must pass knowledge and 
skills tests in accordance with the following requirements, to determine 
whether a driver-student has successfully completed an LCV driver-
training program as specified in subpart B of this part. The written 
knowledge test may be administered by any qualified driver-instructor. 
The skills tests, based on actual operation of an LCV, must be 
administered by a qualified LCV skills instructor.
    (1) All tests shall be constructed to determine if the driver-
student possesses the required knowledge and skills set forth in 
Appendix F to this part for the specific type of LCV training program 
being taught.
    (2) Instructors shall develop their own tests for the specific type 
of LCV-training program being taught, but those tests must be at least 
as stringent as the requirements set forth in paragraph (b) of this 
section.
    (3) LCV driver-instructors shall establish specific methods for 
scoring the knowledge and skills tests.
    (4) Passing scores must meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of 
this section.
    (5) Knowledge and skills tests shall be based upon the information 
taught in the LCV training programs as set forth in Appendix F to this 
part.
    (6) Each knowledge test shall address the training provided during 
both theoretical and behind-the-wheel instruction, and include at least 
one question from each of the units listed in the table to Appendix F to 
this part, for the specific type of LCV training program being taught.
    (7) Each skills test shall include all the maneuvers and operations 
practiced during the Proficiency Development unit of instruction 
(behind-the-wheel instruction), as described in Appendix F to this part, 
for the specific type of LCV training program being taught.
    (b) Proficiency determinations. The driver-student must meet the 
following conditions to be certified as an LCV driver:
    (1) Answer correctly at least 80 percent of the questions on each 
knowledge test; and
    (2) Demonstrate that he/she can successfully perform all of the 
skills addressed in paragraph (a)(7) of this section.
    (c) Automatic test failure. Failure to obey traffic laws or 
involvement in a preventable crash during the skills portion of the test 
will result in automatic failure. Automatic test failure determinations 
are made at the sole discretion of the qualified LCV driver-instructor.

[69 FR 16732, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 83 FR 22874, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  380.111  Substitute for driver training.

    (a) Grandfather clause. The LCV driver-training requirements 
specified in subpart B of this part do not apply to an individual who 
meets the conditions set forth in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this 
section. A motor carrier must ensure that an individual claiming 
eligibility to operate an LCV on the basis of this section meets these 
conditions before allowing him/her to operate an LCV.
    (b) An individual must certify that, during the 2-year period 
immediately preceding the date of application for a Certificate of 
Grandfathering, he/she had:
    (1) A valid Class A CDL with a ``double/triple trailers'' 
endorsement;
    (2) No more than one driver's license;

[[Page 170]]

    (3) No suspension, revocation, or cancellation of his/her CDL;
    (4) No convictions for a major offense while operating a CMV as 
defined in Sec.  383.51(b) of this subchapter;
    (5) No convictions for a railroad-highway grade crossing offense 
while operating a CMV as defined in Sec.  383.51(d) of this subchapter;
    (6) No convictions for violating an out-of-service order as defined 
in Sec.  383.51(e) of this subchapter;
    (7) No more than one conviction for a serious traffic violation, as 
defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, while operating a CMV; and
    (8) No convictions for a violation of State or local law relating to 
motor vehicle traffic control arising in connection with any traffic 
crash while operating a CMV.
    (c) An individual must certify and provide evidence that he/she:
    (1) Is regularly employed in a job requiring the operation of a CMV 
that requires a CDL with a double/triple trailers endorsement; and
    (2) Has operated, during the 2 years immediately preceding the date 
of application for a Certificate of Grandfathering, vehicles 
representative of the type of LCV that he/she seeks to continue 
operating.
    (d) A motor carrier must issue a Certificate of Grandfathering to a 
person who meets the requirements of this section and must maintain a 
copy of the certificate in the individual's Driver Qualification file.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR30MR04.000

    (e) An applicant may be grandfathered under this section only during 
the year following June 1, 2004.



Sec.  380.113  Employer responsibilities.

    (a) No motor carrier shall:
    (1) Allow, require, permit or authorize an individual to operate an 
LCV unless he/she meets the requirements in

[[Page 171]]

Sec. Sec.  380.203 or 380.205 and has been issued the LCV driver-
training certificate described in Sec.  380.401. This provision does not 
apply to individuals who are eligible for the substitute for driver 
training provision in Sec.  380.111.
    (2) Allow, require, permit, or authorize an individual to operate an 
LCV which the LCV driver-training certificate, CDL, and CDL 
endorsement(s) do not authorize the driver to operate. This provision 
applies to individuals employed by or under contract to the motor 
carrier.
    (b) A motor carrier that employs or has under contract LCV drivers 
shall provide evidence of the certifications required by Sec.  380.401 
or Sec.  380.111 of this part when requested by an authorized FMCSA, 
State, or local official in the course of a compliance review.



                  Subpart B_LCV Driver-Training Program



Sec.  380.201  General requirements.

    (a) The LCV Driver-Training Program that is described in Appendix F 
to this part requires training using an LCV Double or LCV Triple and 
must include the following general categories of instruction:
    (1) Orientation;
    (2) Basic operation;
    (3) Safe operating practices;
    (4) Advanced operations; and
    (5) Nondriving activities.
    (b) The LCV Driver-Training Program must include the minimum topics 
of training set forth in Appendix F to this part and behind-the-wheel 
instruction that is designed to provide an opportunity to develop the 
skills outlined under the Proficiency Development unit of the training 
program.

[69 FR 16732, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 83 FR 22874, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  380.203  LCV Doubles.

    (a) To qualify for the training necessary to operate an LCV Double, 
a driver-student shall, during the 6 months immediately preceding 
application for training, have:
    (1) A valid Class A CDL with a double/triple trailer endorsement;
    (2) Driving experience in a Group A vehicle as described in Sec.  
383.91 of this subchapter. Evidence of driving experience shall be an 
employer's written statement that the driver has, for at least 6 months 
immediately preceding application, operated a Group A vehicle while 
under his/her employ;
    (3) No more than one driver's license;
    (4) No suspension, revocation, or cancellation of his/her CDL;
    (5) No convictions for a major offense, as defined in Sec.  
383.51(b) of this subchapter, while operating a CMV;
    (6) No convictions for a railroad-highway grade crossing offense, as 
defined in Sec.  383.51(d) of this subchapter, while operating a CMV;
    (7) No convictions for violating an out-of-service order as defined 
in Sec.  383.51(e) of this subchapter;
    (8) No more than one conviction for a serious traffic violation, as 
defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, while operating a CMV; and
    (9) No convictions for a violation of State or local law relating to 
motor vehicle traffic control arising in connection with any traffic 
crash while operating a CMV.
    (b) Driver-students meeting the preliminary requirements in 
paragraph (a) of this section shall successfully complete a training 
program that meets the minimum unit requirements for LCV Doubles as set 
forth in Appendix F to this part.
    (c) Driver-students who successfully complete the Driver Training 
Program for LCV Doubles shall be issued a certificate, in accordance 
with subpart D of this part, indicating the driver is qualified to 
operate an LCV Double.

[69 FR 16732, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 83 FR 22874, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  380.205  LCV Triples.

    (a) To qualify for the training necessary to operate an LCV Triple, 
a driver-student shall, during the 6 months immediately preceding 
application for training, have:
    (1) A valid Class A CDL with a double/triple trailer endorsement;
    (2) Experience operating the vehicle listed under paragraph 
(a)(2)(i) or (a)(2)(ii) of this section. Evidence of driving experience 
shall be an employer's written statement that the driver has, during the 
6 months immediately

[[Page 172]]

preceding application, operated the applicable vehicle(s):
    (i) Group A truck-tractor/semi-trailer combination as described in 
Sec.  383.91 of this subchapter; or
    (ii) Group A truck-tractor/semi-trailer/trailer combination that 
operates at a gross vehicle weight of 80,000 pounds or less;
    (3) No more than one driver's license;
    (4) No suspension, revocation, or cancellation of his/her CDL;
    (5) No convictions for a major offense, as defined in Sec.  
383.51(b) of this subchapter, while operating a CMV;
    (6) No convictions for a railroad-highway grade crossing offense, as 
defined in Sec.  383.51(d) of this subchapter, while operating a CMV;
    (7) No convictions for violating an out-of-service order, as defined 
in Sec.  383.51(e) of this subchapter;
    (8) No more than one conviction for a serious traffic violation, as 
defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, while operating a CMV; and
    (9) No convictions for a violation of State or local law relating to 
motor vehicle traffic control arising in connection with any traffic 
crash, while operating a CMV.
    (b) Driver-students meeting the preliminary requirements in 
paragraph (a) of this section shall successfully complete a training 
program that meets the minimum unit requirements for LCV Triples as set 
forth in Appendix F to this part.
    (c) Driver-students who successfully complete the Driver Training 
Program for LCV Triples shall be issued a certificate, in accordance 
with subpart D of this part, indicating the driver is qualified to 
operate an LCV Triple.

[69 FR 16732, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 83 FR 22874, May 17, 2018]



              Subpart C_LCV Driver-Instructor Requirements



Sec.  380.301  General requirements.

    There are two types of LCV driver-instructors: Classroom instructors 
and Skills instructors. Except as provided in Sec.  380.303, you must 
meet the conditions under paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of this section 
to qualify as an LCV driver-instructor.
    (a) Classroom instructor. To qualify as an LCV Classroom instructor, 
a person shall:
    (1) Have audited the driver-training course that he/she intends to 
instruct.
    (2) If employed by a training institution, meet all State 
requirements for a vocational instructor.
    (b) Skills instructor. To qualify as an LCV skills instructor, a 
person shall:
    (1) Provide evidence of successful completion of the Driver-Training 
Program requirements, as set forth in subpart B of this part, when 
requested by employers and/or an authorized FMCSA, State, or local 
official in the course of a compliance review. The Driver-Training 
Program must be for the operation of CMVs representative of the subject 
matter that he/she will teach.
    (2) If employed by a training institution, meet all State 
requirements for a vocational instructor;
    (3) Possess a valid Class A CDL with all endorsements necessary to 
operate the CMVs applicable to the subject matter being taught (LCV 
Doubles and/or LCV Triples, including any specialized variation thereof, 
such as a tank vehicle, that requires an additional endorsement); and
    (4) Have at least 2 years' CMV driving experience in a vehicle 
representative of the type of driver training to be provided (LCV 
Doubles or LCV Triples).



Sec.  380.303  Substitute for instructor requirements.

    (a) Classroom instructor. The requirements specified under Sec.  
380.301(a) of this part for a qualified LCV driver-instructor are waived 
for a classroom instructor-candidate who has 2 years of recent 
satisfactory experience teaching the classroom portion of a program 
similar in content to that set forth in Appendix F to this part.
    (b) Skills instructor. The requirements specified under Sec.  
380.301(b) of this part for a qualified LCV driver-instructor are waived 
for a skills instructor-candidate who:
    (1) Meets the conditions of Sec.  380.111(b);
    (2) Has CMV driving experience during the previous 2 years in a 
vehicle representative of the type of LCV that

[[Page 173]]

is the subject of the training course to be provided;
    (3) Has experience during the previous 2 years in teaching the 
operation of the type of LCV that is the subject of the training course 
to be provided; and
    (4) If employed by a training institution, meets all State 
requirements for a vocational instructor.

[69 FR 16732, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 83 FR 22874, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  380.305  Employer responsibilities.

    (a) No motor carrier shall: (1) Knowingly allow, require, permit or 
authorize a driver-instructor in its employ, or under contract to the 
motor carrier, to provide LCV driver training unless such person is a 
qualified LCV driver-instructor under the requirements of this subpart; 
or
    (2) Contract with a training institution to provide LCV driver 
training unless the institution:
    (i) Uses instructors who are qualified LCV driver-instructors under 
the requirements of this subpart;
    (ii) Is accredited by an accrediting institution recognized by the 
U.S. Department of Education;
    (iii) Is in compliance with all applicable State training school 
requirements; and
    (iv) Identifies drivers certified under Sec.  380.401 of this part, 
when requested by employers and/or an authorized FMCSA, State, or local 
official in the course of a compliance review.
    (b) A motor carrier that employs or has under contract qualified LCV 
driver-instructors shall provide evidence of the certifications required 
by Sec.  380.301 or Sec.  380.303 of this part, when requested by an 
authorized FMCSA, State, or local official in the course of a compliance 
review.



                 Subpart D_Driver-Training Certification



Sec.  380.401  Certification document.

    (a) A student who successfully completes LCV driver training shall 
be issued a Driver-Training Certificate that is substantially in 
accordance with the following form.

[[Page 174]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR30MR04.001

    (b) An LCV driver must provide a copy of the Driver-Training 
Certificate to his/her employer to be filed in the Driver Qualification 
File.

Subpart E [Reserved]



Subpart F_Entry-Level Driver Training Requirements On and After February 
                                 7, 2022

    Source: 81 FR 88790, Dec. 8, 2016, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  380.600  Compliance date for training requirements for entry-level
drivers.

    Compliance with the provisions of this subpart is required on or 
after February 7, 2022.

[81 FR 88790, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 85 FR 6100, Feb. 4, 2020]



Sec.  380.601  Purpose and scope.

    This subpart establishes training requirements for entry-level 
drivers, as defined in this subpart, and minimum content for theory and 
Behind-the-Wheel (BTW) training curricula. Entry-level driver training, 
as defined in this subpart, applies only to those individuals who apply 
for a commercial driver's license (CDL) or a CDL upgrade or endorsement 
and does not otherwise amend substantive CDL requirements in part 383 of 
this chapter.



Sec.  380.603  Applicability.

    (a) The rules in this subpart apply to all entry-level drivers, as 
defined in this subpart, who intend to drive CMVs as defined in Sec.  
383.5 of this chapter in interstate and/or intrastate commerce, except:

[[Page 175]]

    (1) Drivers excepted from the CDL requirements under Sec.  383.3(c), 
(d), and (h) of this chapter;
    (2) Drivers applying for a restricted CDL under Sec.  383.3(e) 
through (g) of this chapter;
    (3) Military personnel with military CMV experience who meet all the 
requirements and conditions of Sec.  383.77 of this chapter; and
    (4) Drivers applying for a removal of a restriction in accordance 
with Sec.  383.135(b)(7).
    (b) Drivers issued a Class A CDL, Class B CDL, or a passenger (P), 
school bus (S), or hazardous materials (H) endorsement before February 
7, 2022, are not required to comply with this subpart pertaining to that 
CDL or endorsement.
    (c)(1) Individuals who obtain a CLP before February 7, 2022, are not 
required to comply with this subpart if they obtain a CDL before the CLP 
or renewed CLP expires.
    (2) Individuals who obtain a CLP on or after February 7, 2022, are 
required to comply with this subpart.
    (3) Except for individuals seeking the H endorsement, individuals 
must complete the theory and BTW (range and public road) portions of 
entry-level driver training within one year of completing the first 
portion.

[81 FR 88790, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 48725, Sept. 27, 2018; 
85 FR 6100, Feb. 4, 2020; 86 FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  380.605  Definitions.

    The definitions in parts 383 and 384 of this subchapter apply to 
this subpart, except as stated below. As used in this subpart:
    Behind-the-wheel (BTW) instructor means an individual who provides 
BTW training involving the actual operation of a CMV by an entry-level 
driver on a range or a public road and meets one of these 
qualifications:
    (1) Holds a CDL of the same (or higher) class and with all 
endorsements necessary to operate the CMV for which training is to be 
provided and has at least 2 years of experience driving a CMV requiring 
a CDL of the same or higher class and/or the same endorsement and meets 
all applicable State qualification requirements for CMV instructors; or
    (2) Holds a CDL of the same (or higher) class and with all 
endorsements necessary to operate the CMV for which training is to be 
provided and has at least 2 years of experience as a BTW CMV instructor 
and meets all applicable State qualification requirements for CMV 
instructors.
    Exception applicable to paragraphs (1) and (2) of this definition: A 
BTW instructor who provides training solely on a range which is not a 
public road is not required to hold a CDL of the same (or higher) class 
and with all endorsements necessary to operate the CMV for which 
training is to be provided, as long as the instructor previously held a 
CDL of the same (or higher) class and with all endorsements necessary to 
operate the CMV for which training is to be provided, and complies with 
the other requirements set forth in paragraphs (1) or (2) of this 
definition.
    (3) If an instructor's CDL has been cancelled, suspended, or revoked 
due to any of the disqualifying offenses identified in Sec.  383.51 of 
this subchapter, the instructor is prohibited from engaging in BTW 
instruction for 2 years following the date his or her CDL is reinstated.
    Behind-the-wheel (BTW) public road training means training provided 
by a BTW instructor when an entry-level driver has actual control of the 
power unit during a driving lesson conducted on a public road. BTW 
public road training does not include the time that an entry-level 
driver spends observing the operation of a CMV when he or she is not in 
control of the vehicle.
    Behind-the-wheel (BTW) range training means training provided by a 
BTW instructor when an entry-level driver has actual control of the 
power unit during a driving lesson conducted on a range. BTW range 
training does not include time an entry-level driver spends observing 
the operation of a CMV when he or she is not in control of the vehicle.
    Entry-level driver means an individual who must complete the CDL 
skills test requirements under Sec.  383.71 of this subchapter prior to 
receiving a CDL for the first time, upgrading to a Class A or Class B 
CDL, or obtaining a hazardous materials, passenger, or school bus 
endorsement for the first time.

[[Page 176]]

This definition does not include individuals for whom States waive the 
CDL skills test under Sec.  383.77 or individuals seeking to remove a 
restriction in accordance with Sec.  383.135(b)(7) of this subchapter.
    Entry-level driver training means training an entry-level driver 
receives from an entity listed on FMCSA's Training Provider Registry 
prior to:
    (1) Taking the CDL skills test required to receive the Class A or 
Class B CDL for the first time;
    (2) Taking the CDL skills test required to upgrade to a Class A or 
Class B CDL; or
    (3) Taking the CDL skills test required to obtain a passenger and/or 
school bus endorsement for the first time or the CDL knowledge test 
required to obtain a hazardous materials endorsement for the first time.
    Range means an area that must be free of obstructions, enables the 
driver to maneuver safely and free from interference from other vehicles 
and hazards, and has adequate sight lines.
    Theory instruction means knowledge instruction on the operation of a 
CMV and related matters provided by a theory instructor through 
lectures, demonstrations, audio-visual presentations, computer-based 
instruction, driving simulation devices, online training, or similar 
means.
    Theory instructor means an individual who provides knowledge 
instruction on the operation of a CMV and meets one of these 
qualifications:
    (1) Holds a CDL of the same (or higher) class and with all 
endorsements necessary to operate the CMV for which training is to be 
provided and has at least 2 years of experience driving a CMV requiring 
a CDL of the same (or higher) class and/or the same endorsement and 
meets all applicable State qualification requirements for CMV 
instructors; or
    (2) Holds a CDL of the same (or higher) class and with all 
endorsements necessary to operate the CMV for which training is to be 
provided and has at least 2 years of experience as a BTW CMV instructor 
and meets all applicable State qualification requirements for CMV 
instructors.
    Exceptions applicable to paragraphs (1) and (2) of this definition:
    1. An instructor is not required to hold a CDL of the same (or 
higher) class and with all endorsements necessary to operate the CMV for 
which training is to be provided, if the instructor previously held a 
CDL of the same (or higher) class and complies with the other 
requirements set forth in paragraphs (1) or (2) of this definition.
    2. Training providers offering online content exclusively are not 
required to meet State qualification requirements for theory 
instructors.
    (3) If an instructor's CDL has been cancelled, suspended, or revoked 
due to any of the disqualifying offenses identified in Sec.  383.51 of 
this subchapter, the instructor is prohibited from engaging in theory 
instruction for 2 years following the date his or her CDL is reinstated.
    Training provider means an entity that is listed on the FMCSA 
Training Provider Registry, as required by subpart G of this part. 
Training providers include, but are not limited to, training schools, 
educational institutions, rural electric cooperatives, motor carriers, 
State/local governments, school districts, joint labor management 
programs, owner-operators, and individuals.

[83 FR 22874, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  380.609  General entry-level driver training requirements.

    (a) An individual who applies, for the first time, for a Class A or 
Class B CDL, or who upgrades to a Class A or B CDL, must complete driver 
training from a provider listed on the Training Provider Registry (TPR), 
as set forth in subpart G.
    (b) An individual seeking to obtain a passenger (P), school bus (S), 
or hazardous materials (H) endorsement for the first time, must complete 
the training related to that endorsement from a training provider listed 
on the TPR, as set forth in subpart G.



Subpart G_Registry of Entry-Level Driver Training Providers On and After 
                            February 7, 2022

    Source: 81 FR 88791, Dec. 8, 2016, unless otherwise noted.

[[Page 177]]



Sec.  380.700  Scope.

    The rules in this subpart establish the eligibility requirements for 
listing on FMCSA's Training Provider Registry (TPR). In order to provide 
entry-level driver training in compliance with this part, training 
providers must be listed on the TPR.



Sec.  380.703  Requirements for listing on the training provider
registry (TPR).

    (a) To be eligible for listing on the TPR, an entity must:
    (1) Follow a curriculum that meets the applicable criteria set forth 
in appendices A through E of part 380,
    (2) Utilize facilities that meet the criteria set forth in Sec.  
380.709;
    (3) Utilize vehicles that meet the criteria set forth in Sec.  
380.711;
    (4) Utilize driver training instructors that meet the criteria set 
forth in Sec.  380.713;
    (5)(i) Be licensed, certified, registered, or authorized to provide 
training in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations of any 
State where in-person training is conducted.
    (ii) Exception: State qualification requirements otherwise 
applicable to theory instruction do not apply to providers offering such 
instruction only online.
    (6) Allow FMCSA or its authorized representative to audit or 
investigate the training provider's operations to ensure that the 
provider meets the criteria set forth in this section.
    (7) Electronically transmit an Entry-Level Driver Training Provider 
Registration Form through the TPR website maintained by FMCSA, which 
attests that the training provider meets all the applicable requirements 
of this section, to obtain a unique TPR number. If a training provider 
has more than one campus or training location, the training provider 
must electronically transmit an Entry-Level Driver Training Provider 
Registration Form for each campus or training location in order to 
obtain a unique TPR number for each location.
    (b) When a provider meets the requirements of Sec. Sec.  380.703 and 
380.707, FMCSA will issue the provider a unique TPR number and, as 
applicable, add the provider's name and/or contact information to the 
TPR website.

[81 FR 88791, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  380.707  Entry-level training provider.

    (a) Training providers must require all accepted applicants for 
behind-the-wheel (BTW) training to certify that they will comply with 
U.S. Department of Transportation regulations in parts 40, 382, 383, and 
391, as well as State and/or local laws, related to controlled 
substances testing, age, medical certification, licensing, and driving 
record. Training providers must verify that all accepted BTW applicants 
or Class A theory instruction upgrade curriculum applicants hold a valid 
commercial learner's permit or commercial driver's license, as 
applicable.
    (b) Training providers offering online training must ensure that the 
content is prepared and/or delivered by a theory instructor, as defined 
in Sec.  380.605.
    (c) Separate training providers may deliver the theory and BTW 
portions of the training, but both portions (range and public road) of 
the BTW training must be delivered by the same training provider.

[81 FR 88791, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 84 FR 8040, Mar. 6, 2019; 84 
FR 10437, Mar. 21, 2019; 86 FR 34636, June 30, 2021]



Sec.  380.709  Facilities.

    The training provider's classroom and range facilities must comply 
with all applicable Federal, State, and/or local statutes and 
regulations.



Sec.  380.711  Equipment.

    (a) All vehicles used in the behind-the-wheel training must comply 
with applicable Federal and State safety requirements.
    (b) Training vehicles must be in the same group and type that 
driver-trainees intend to operate for their CDL skills test.



Sec.  380.713  Instructor requirements.

    (a) Theory training providers must utilize instructors who are 
theory instructors as defined in Sec.  380.605.

[[Page 178]]

    (b) BTW training providers must utilize instructors who are BTW 
instructors as defined in Sec.  380.605.

[83 FR 22875, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  380.715  Assessments.

    (a) Training providers must use written assessments to determine 
driver-trainees' proficiency in the knowledge objectives in the theory 
portion of each unit of instruction in appendices A through E of part 
380, as applicable. The driver-trainee must receive an overall minimum 
score of 80 percent on the theory assessment.
    (b) Training instructors must evaluate and document a driver-
trainee's proficiency in BTW skills in accordance with the curricula in 
appendices A through D of part 380, as applicable.

[81 FR 88791, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 16225, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  380.717  Training certification.

    After an individual completes training administered by a provider 
listed on the TPR, that provider must, by midnight of the second 
business day after the driver-trainee completes the training, 
electronically transmit training certification information through the 
TPR website including the following:
    (a) Driver-trainee name, number of driver's license/commercial 
learner's permit/commercial driver's license, as applicable, and State 
of licensure;
    (b) Commercial driver's license class and/or endorsement and type of 
training (theory and/or BTW) the driver-trainee completed;
    (c) Total number of clock hours the driver-trainee spent to complete 
BTW training, as applicable;
    (d) Name of the training provider and its unique TPR identification 
number; and
    (e) Date(s) of successful training completion.

[81 FR 88791, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  380.719  Requirements for continued listing on the training provider
registry (TPR).

    (a) To be eligible for continued listing on the TPR, a provider 
must:
    (1) Meet the requirements of this subpart and the applicable 
requirements of Sec.  380.703.
    (2) Biennially update the Entry-Level Driver Training Provider 
Registration Form.
    (3) Report to FMCSA changes to key information, as identified in 
paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section, within 30 days of the change.
    (i) Key information is defined as training provider name, address, 
phone number, type(s) of training offered, training provider status, 
and, if applicable, any change in State licensure, certification, or 
accreditation status.
    (ii) Changes must be reported by electronically transmitting an 
updated Entry-Level Driver Training Provider Registration Form.
    (4) Maintain documentation of State licensure, registration, or 
certification verifying that the provider is authorized to provide 
training in that State, if applicable.
    (5) Allow an audit or investigation of the training provider to be 
completed by FMCSA or its authorized representative, if requested.
    (6) Ensure that all required documentation, as set forth in Sec.  
380.725, is available to FMCSA or its authorized representative, upon 
request. The provider must submit this documentation within 48 hours of 
the request.
    (b) [Reserved]



Sec.  380.721  Removal from training provider registry: factors considered.

    FMCSA may remove a provider from the TPR when a provider fails to 
meet or maintain any of the qualifications established by this subpart 
or the requirements of other State and Federal regulations applicable to 
the provider. If FMCSA removes a provider from the TPR, any training 
conducted after the removal date will be considered invalid.
    (a) The factors FMCSA may consider for removing a provider from the 
TPR include, but are not limited to, the following:
    (1) The provider fails to comply with the requirements for continued 
listing on the TPR, as described in Sec.  380.719.

[[Page 179]]

    (2) The provider denies FMCSA or its authorized representatives the 
opportunity to conduct an audit or investigation of its training 
operations.
    (3) The audit or investigation conducted by FMCSA or its authorized 
representatives identifies material deficiencies, pertaining to the 
training provider's program, operations, or eligibility.
    (4) The provider falsely claims to be licensed, certified, 
registered, or authorized to provide training in accordance with the 
applicable laws and regulations in any State where in-person training is 
provided.
    (5) The State-administered CDL skills examination passage rate for 
applicants for the Class A CDL, Class B CDL, passenger endorsement, and/
or school bus endorsement who complete the provider's training and the 
CDL knowledge test passage rate for applicants for the hazardous 
materials endorsement who complete the provider's training.
    (b) In instances of fraud or other criminal behavior by a training 
provider in which driver-trainees have knowingly participated, FMCSA 
reserves the right, on a case-by-case basis, to retroactively invalidate 
training conducted under this subpart .



Sec.  380.723  Removal from training provider registry: procedure.

    (a) Voluntary removal. To be voluntarily removed from the Training 
Provider Registry (TPR), a provider must submit written notice to FMCSA, 
ATTN: Training Provider Registry Removal, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, 
Washington, DC 20590 or through the TPR website. Upon receiving the 
written notice, FMCSA will remove the training provider from the TPR. On 
and after the date of issuance of a notice of proposed removal from the 
TPR issued in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, such a 
voluntary removal notice will not be effective.
    (b) Involuntary removal; Notice of proposed removal. Except as 
provided by paragraphs (a) and (e) of this section, FMCSA initiates the 
process for involuntary removal of a provider from the TPR by issuing a 
written notice to the provider, stating the reasons for the proposed 
removal and setting forth any corrective actions necessary for the 
provider to remain listed on the TPR. If a notice of proposed removal is 
issued, the provider must notify current driver-trainees and driver-
trainees scheduled for future training of the proposed removal. If a 
notice of proposed removal is issued to a training provider listed on 
the TPR website, FMCSA will note on the TPR website that such notice has 
been issued. FMCSA will remove the notation if the notice is withdrawn.
    (c) Response to notice of proposed removal and corrective action. A 
training provider that has received a notice of proposed removal and 
wishes to remain on the TPR must submit a written response to FMCSA no 
later than 30 days after the date of issuance of the notice explaining 
why it believes that decision is not proper, as described in paragraph 
(c)(1) of this section. Alternatively, the provider will set forth 
corrective actions taken in response to FMCSA's notice of proposed 
removal, as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (1) Opposing a notice of proposed removal. If the provider believes 
FMCSA has relied on erroneous information in proposing removal from the 
TPR, the provider must explain the basis for that belief and provide 
supporting documentation. FMCSA will review the explanation.
    (i) If FMCSA finds that FMCSA has relied on erroneous information to 
propose removal of a training provider from the TPR, FMCSA will withdraw 
the notice of proposed removal and notify the provider of the withdrawal 
in writing.
    (ii) If FMCSA finds that FMCSA has not relied on erroneous 
information in proposing removal, FMCSA will affirm the notice of 
proposed removal and notify the provider in writing of the 
determination. No later than 60 days after the date FMCSA affirms the 
notice of proposed removal, or as otherwise agreed to by the provider 
and FMCSA, the provider must comply with this subpart and correct the 
deficiencies identified in the notice of proposed removal as described 
in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (iii) If the provider does not respond in writing within 30 days of 
the date of

[[Page 180]]

issuance of a notice of proposed removal, the removal becomes effective 
immediately and the provider will be removed from the TPR. Any training 
conducted after the removal date is invalid.
    (2) Corrective action. (i) The provider must comply with this 
subpart and complete the corrective actions specified in the notice of 
proposed removal no later than 60 days after either the date of issuance 
of the notice of proposed removal or the date subsequently affirms or 
modifies the notice of proposed removal. The provider must provide 
documentation of completion of the corrective action(s) to FMCSA. FMCSA 
may conduct an investigation and request any documentation necessary to 
verify that the provider has complied with this subpart and completed 
the required corrective action(s). FMCSA will notify the provider in 
writing whether it has met the requirements for continued listing on the 
TPR.
    (ii) If the provider fails to complete the proposed corrective 
action(s) within the 60-day period, the provider will be removed from 
the TPR. FMCSA will notify the provider in writing of the removal.
    (d) Request for administrative review. If a provider has been 
removed from the TPR under paragraph (c)(1)(iii), (c)(2)(ii), or (e) of 
this section, the provider may request an administrative review. The 
request must be submitted in writing to FMCSA, ATTN: Sec.  380.723 
Training Provider Registry Removal Proceedings, 1200 New Jersey Avenue 
SE, Washington, DC 20590 no later than 30 days after the effective date 
of the removal. The request must explain the alleged error(s) committed 
in removing the provider from the TPR, and include all factual, legal, 
and procedural issues in dispute, as well as any supporting 
documentation.
    (1) Additional procedures for administrative review. FMCSA may ask 
the provider to submit additional information or attend a conference to 
discuss the removal. If the provider does not provide the information 
requested, or does not attend the scheduled conference, FMCSA may 
dismiss the request for administrative review.
    (2) Decision on administrative review. FMCSA will complete the 
administrative review and notify the provider in writing of the 
decision. The decision constitutes final Agency action. If FMCSA deems 
the removal to be invalid, FMCSA will reinstate the provider's listing 
on the TPR.
    (e) Emergency removal. In cases of fraud, criminal behavior, or 
willful disregard of the regulations in this subpart or in which public 
health, interest, or safety requires, the provisions of paragraph (b) of 
this section are not applicable. In these cases, FMCSA may immediately 
remove a provider from the TPR. In instances of fraud or other criminal 
behavior by a training provider in which driver-trainees have knowingly 
participated, FMCSA reserves the right to retroactively invalidate 
training conducted under this subpart. A provider who has been removed 
under the provisions of this paragraph may request an administrative 
review of that decision as described under paragraph (d) of this 
section.
    (f) Reinstatement to the Training Provider Registry. (1) Any time 
after a training provider's voluntary removal from the TPR, the provider 
may apply to FMCSA to be reinstated.
    (2) No sooner than 30 days after the date of a provider's 
involuntary removal from the TPR, the provider may apply to FMCSA to be 
reinstated. The provider must submit documentation showing completion of 
any corrective action(s) identified in the notice of proposed removal or 
final notice of removal, as applicable.

[81 FR 88791, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 86 FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021; 87 
FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  380.725  Documentation and record retention.

    (a) Applicability. The documentation and retention of records 
required by this subpart apply to entities that meet the requirements of 
subpart G of this part and are eligible for listing on the Training 
Provider Registry (TPR).
    (b) Document retention. All training providers on the TPR must 
retain the following:
    (1) Self-certifications by all accepted applicants for behind-the-
wheel (BTW)

[[Page 181]]

training attesting that they will comply with U.S. Department of 
Transportation regulations in parts 40, 382, 383 and 391, as well as 
State and/or local laws, related to alcohol and controlled substances 
testing, age, medical certification, licensing, and driver records, as 
required in 380.707(a).
    (2) A copy of the driver-trainee's commercial learner's permit(s) or 
commercial driver's license, as applicable, as required in 380.707(a).
    (3) Instructor qualification documentation indicating driving and/or 
training experience, as applicable, for each instructor and copies of 
commercial driver's licenses and applicable endorsements held by BTW 
instructors or theory instructors, as applicable.
    (4) The lesson plans for theory and BTW (range and public road) 
training curricula, as applicable.
    (5) Records of individual entry-level driver training assessments as 
described in Sec.  380.715.
    (c) Retention of records. Training providers listed on the TPR must 
retain the records identified in paragraph (b) of this section for a 
minimum of three years from the date each required record is generated 
or received, unless a record, such as a BTW instructor's CDL, has 
expired or been canceled, in which case the most recent, valid CDL 
should be retained, if applicable. The provisions of this part do not 
affect a training provider's obligation to comply with any other local, 
State, or Federal requirements prescribing longer retention periods for 
any category of records described herein.

[81 FR 88791, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 84 FR 51432, Sept. 30, 2019; 
86 FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021]





      Sec. Appendix A to Part 380--Class A--CDL Training Curriculum

    Class A CDL applicants must complete the Class A CDL curriculum 
outlined in this Appendix. The curriculum for Class A applicants 
pertains to combination vehicles (Group A) as defined in 49 CFR 
383.91(a)(1). Class A CDL applicants who possess a valid Class B CDL may 
complete the Theory Instruction Upgrade Curriculum in lieu of the Theory 
Instruction Standard Curriculum. There is no required minimum number of 
instruction hours for theory training, but the training instructor must 
cover all topics set forth in the curriculum. There is no required 
minimum number of instruction hours for BTW (range and public road) 
training, but the training instructor must cover all topics set forth in 
the BTW curriculum. BTW training must be conducted in a CMV for which a 
Class A CDL is required. The instructor must determine and document that 
each driver-trainee has demonstrated proficiency in all elements of the 
BTW curriculum, unless otherwise noted. Consistent with the definitions 
of BTW range training and BTW public road training in Sec.  380.605, a 
simulation device cannot be used to conduct such training or to 
demonstrate proficiency. Training instructors must document the total 
number of clock hours each driver-trainee spends to complete the BTW 
curriculum. The Class A curriculum must, at a minimum, include the 
following:

                 Theory Instruction Standard Curriculum

                      Section A1.1 Basic Operation

    This section must cover the interaction between driver-trainees and 
the CMV. Driver-trainees will receive instruction in the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) and will be introduced to the basic 
CMV instruments and controls. Training providers will teach driver-
trainees the basic operating characteristics of a CMV. This section must 
also teach driver-trainees how to properly perform vehicle inspections, 
control the motion of CMVs under various road and traffic conditions, 
employ shifting and backing techniques, and properly couple and uncouple 
combination vehicles. Driver-trainees must familiarize themselves with 
the basic operating characteristics of a CMV.

                         Unit A1.1.1 Orientation

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to the combination vehicle 
driver training curriculum and the components of a combination vehicle. 
The training providers must teach the safety fundamentals, essential 
regulatory requirements (e.g., overview of FMCSRs and Hazardous 
Materials Regulations), and driver-trainees' responsibilities not 
directly related to CMV driving, such as proper cargo securement. This 
unit must also cover the ramifications, including driver 
disqualification provisions and fines, for non-compliance with parts 
380, 382, 383, and 390 through 399 of the FMCSRs. This unit must also 
include an overview of the applicability of State and local laws 
relating to the safe operation of the CMV, stopping at weigh stations/
scales, hazard awareness of vehicle size and weight limitations, low 
clearance areas (e.g., CMV height restrictions), and bridge formulas.

[[Page 182]]

                  Unit A1.1.2 Control Systems/Dashboard

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to vehicle instruments, 
controls, and safety components. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees to read gauges and instruments correctly and the proper 
use of vehicle safety components, including safety belts and mirrors. 
The training providers must teach driver-trainees to identify, locate, 
and explain the function of each of the primary and secondary controls 
including those required for steering, accelerating, shifting, braking 
systems (e.g., ABS, hydraulic, air), as applicable, and parking.

               Unit A1.1.3 Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections

    This unit must teach the driver-trainees to conduct pre-trip and 
post-trip inspections as specified in Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 396.11, 
including appropriate inspection locations. Instruction must also be 
provided on enroute vehicle inspections.

                        Unit A1.1.4 Basic Control

    This unit must introduce basic vehicular control and handling as it 
applies to combination vehicles. This unit must include instruction 
addressing basic combination vehicle controls in areas such as executing 
sharp left and right turns, centering the vehicle, maneuvering in 
restricted areas, and entering and exiting the interstate or controlled 
access highway.

              Unit A1.1.5 Shifting/Operating Transmissions

    This unit must introduce shifting patterns and procedures to driver-
trainees to prepare them to safely and competently perform basic 
shifting maneuvers. This unit must include training driver-trainees to 
execute up and down shifting techniques on multi-speed dual range 
transmissions, if appropriate. The training providers must teach the 
importance of increased vehicle control and improved fuel economy 
achieved by utilizing proper shifting techniques.

                     Unit A1.1.6 Backing and Docking

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to back and dock the 
combination vehicle safely. This unit must cover ``Get Out and Look'' 
(GOAL), evaluation of backing/loading facilities, knowledge of backing 
set ups, as well as instruction in how to back with the use of spotters.

                   Unit A1.1.7 Coupling and Uncoupling

    This unit must provide instruction for driver-trainees to develop 
the skills necessary to conduct the procedures for safe coupling and 
uncoupling of combination vehicle units, as applicable.

                 Section A1.2 Safe Operating Procedures

    This section must teach the practices required for safe operation of 
the combination vehicle on the highway under various road, weather, and 
traffic conditions. The training providers must teach driver-trainees 
the Federal rules governing the proper use of seat belt assemblies 
(Sec.  392.16).

                        Unit A1.2.1 Visual Search

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to visually search the road for 
potential hazards and critical objects, including instruction on 
recognizing distracted pedestrians or distracted drivers.

                        Unit A1.2.2 Communication

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees on how to communicate their 
intentions to other road users. Driver-trainees must be instructed in 
techniques for different types of communication on the road, including 
proper use of headlights, turn signals, four-way flashers, and horns. 
This unit must cover instruction in proper utilization of eye contact 
techniques with other drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians.

                     Unit A1.2.3 Distracted Driving

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in FMCSRs related to 
distracted driving and other key driver distraction driving issues, 
including improper cell phone use, texting, and use of in-cab technology 
(e.g., Sec. Sec.  392.80 and 392.82). This instruction will include 
training in the following aspects: visual attention (keeping eyes on the 
road); manual control (keeping hands on the wheel); and cognitive 
awareness (keeping mind on the task and safe operation of the CMV).

                      Unit A1.2.4 Speed Management

    This unit must teach driver-trainees how to manage speed effectively 
in response to various road, weather, and traffic conditions. The 
instruction must include methods for calibrating safe following 
distances taking into account CMV braking distances under an array of 
conditions including traffic, weather, and CMV weight and length.

                      Unit A1.2.5 Space Management

    This unit must teach driver-trainees about the importance of 
managing the space surrounding the vehicle under various traffic and 
road conditions.

                       Unit A1.2.6 Night Operation

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in the factors affecting the 
safe operation of CMVs at night and in darkness. Additionally, driver-
trainees must be instructed in changes in vision, communications, speed 
space management, and proper use of lights,

[[Page 183]]

as needed, to deal with the special problems night driving presents.

                 Unit A1.2.7 Extreme Driving Conditions

    This unit must teach driver-trainees about the specific problems 
presented by extreme driving conditions. The training provider will 
emphasize the factors affecting the operation of CMVs in cold, hot, and 
inclement weather and on steep grades and sharp curves. The training 
provider must teach proper tire chaining procedures.

                Section A1.3 Advanced Operating Practices

    This section must introduce higher-level skills that can be acquired 
only after the more fundamental skills and knowledge taught in the prior 
two sections have been mastered. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees about the advanced skills necessary to recognize 
potential hazards and must teach the driver-trainees the procedures 
needed to handle a CMV when faced with a hazard.

                      Unit A1.3.1 Hazard Perception

    The unit must teach driver-trainees to recognize potential hazards 
in the driving environment in order to reduce the severity of the hazard 
and neutralize possible emergency situations. The training providers 
must teach driver-trainees to identify road conditions and other road 
users that are a potential threat to the safety of the combination 
vehicle and suggest appropriate adjustments. The instruction must 
emphasize hazard recognition, visual search, adequate surveillance, and 
response to possible emergency-producing situations encountered by CMV 
drivers in various traffic situations. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees to recognize potential dangers and the safety procedures 
that must be utilized while driving in construction/work zones.

  Unit A1.3.2 Skid Control/Recovery, Jackknifing, and Other Emergencies

    This unit must teach the causes of skidding and jackknifing and 
techniques for avoiding and recovering from them. The training providers 
must teach the importance of maintaining directional control and 
bringing the CMV to a stop in the shortest possible distance while 
operating over a slippery surface. This unit must provide instruction in 
appropriate responses when faced with CMV emergencies. This instruction 
must include evasive steering, emergency braking, and off-road recovery, 
as well as the proper response to brake failures, tire blowouts, 
hydroplaning, and rollovers. The instruction must include a review of 
unsafe acts and the role the acts play in producing or worsening 
hazardous situations.

              Unit A1.3.3 Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to recognize potential dangers 
and the appropriate safety procedures to utilize at railroad (RR)-
highway grade crossings. This instruction must include an overview of 
various Federal/State RR grade crossing regulations, RR grade crossing 
environments, obstructed view conditions, clearance around the tracks, 
and rail signs and signals. The training providers must instruct driver-
trainees that railroads have personnel available (``Emergency 
Notification Systems'') to receive notification of any information 
relating to an unsafe condition at the RR-highway grade crossing or a 
disabled vehicle or other obstruction blocking a railroad track at the 
RR-highway grade crossing.

         Section A1.4 Vehicle Systems and Reporting Malfunctions

    This section must provide entry-level driver-trainees with 
sufficient knowledge of the combination vehicle and its systems and 
subsystems to ensure that they understand and respect their role in 
vehicle inspection, operation, and maintenance and the impact of those 
factors upon highway safety and operational efficiency.

        Unit A1.4.1 Identification and Diagnosis of Malfunctions

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to identify major combination 
vehicle systems. The goal is to explain their function and how to check 
all key vehicle systems, (e.g., engine, engine exhaust auxiliary 
systems, brakes, drive train, coupling systems, and suspension) to 
ensure their safe operation. Driver-trainees must be provided with a 
detailed description of each system, its importance to safe and 
efficient operation, and what is needed to keep the system in good 
operating condition.

                    Unit A1.4.2 Roadside Inspections

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees on what to expect during a 
standard roadside inspection conducted by authorized personnel. The 
training providers must teach driver-trainees on what vehicle and driver 
violations are classified as out-of-service (OOS), including the 
ramifications and penalties for operating a CMV when subject to an OOS 
order as defined in section 390.5.

                         Unit A1.4.3 Maintenance

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to the basic servicing and 
checking procedures for various engine and vehicle components and to 
help develop their ability to perform preventive maintenance and simple 
emergency repairs.

[[Page 184]]

                   Section A1.5 Non-Driving Activities

    This section must teach driver-trainees the activities that do not 
involve actually operating the CMV.

               Unit A1.5.1 Handling and Documenting Cargo

    This unit must teach the basic theory of cargo weight distribution, 
cargo securement on the vehicle, cargo covering, and techniques for safe 
and efficient loading/unloading. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees the basic cargo security/cargo theft prevention 
procedures. The training provider must teach driver-trainees the basic 
information regarding the proper handling and documentation of HM cargo.

               Unit A1.5.2 Environmental Compliance Issues

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to recognize environmental 
hazards and issues related to the CMV and load, and also make the 
driver-trainee aware that city, county, State, and Federal requirements 
may apply to such circumstances.

                Unit A1.5.3 Hours of Service Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to understand that there are 
different hours-of-service (HOS) requirements applicable to different 
industries. The training providers must teach driver-trainees all 
applicable HOS regulatory requirements. The training providers must 
teach driver-trainees to complete a Driver's Daily Log (electronic and 
paper), timesheet, and logbook recap, as appropriate. The training 
providers must teach driver-trainees the consequences (safety, legal, 
and personal) of violating the HOS regulations, including the fines and 
penalties imposed for these types of violations.

               Unit A1.5.4 Fatigue and Wellness Awareness

    This unit must teach driver-trainees about the issues and 
consequences of chronic and acute driver fatigue and the importance of 
staying alert. The training providers must teach driver-trainees 
wellness and basic health maintenance information that affect a driver's 
ability to safely operate a CMV.

                    Unit A1.5.5 Post-Crash Procedures

    This unit must teach driver-trainees appropriate post-crash 
procedures, including the requirement that the driver, if possible, 
assess his or her physical condition immediately after the crash and 
notify authorities or assign the task to other individuals at the crash 
scene. The training providers must teach driver-trainees how to protect 
the area; obtain emergency medical assistance; move on-road vehicles off 
the road in minor crashes so as to avoid subsequent crashes or injuries; 
engage flashers; place reflective triangles and other warning devices 
for stopped vehicles; and properly use a fire extinguisher, if 
necessary. The training providers must instruct driver-trainees in post-
crash testing requirements related to controlled substances and alcohol.

                   Unit A1.5.6 External Communications

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the value of effective 
interpersonal communication techniques/skills to interact with 
enforcement officials. The training providers must teach driver-trainees 
the specifics of the roadside vehicle inspection process, and what to 
expect during this activity. Driver-trainees who are not English 
speakers must be instructed in FMCSA English language proficiency 
requirements. The training providers must teach driver-trainees the 
impact that violating Federal and state regulations has on their driving 
records and their employing motor carrier's records.

                   Unit A1.5.7 Whistleblower/Coercion

    This unit must teach the driver-trainees about the right of an 
employee to question the safety practices of an employer without 
incurring the risk of losing a job or being subject to reprisals simply 
for stating a safety concern. The training providers must instruct 
driver-trainees in the whistleblower protection regulations in 29 CFR 
part 1978. The training providers must teach the procedures for 
reporting to FMCSA incidents of coercion from motor carriers, shippers, 
receivers, or transportation intermediaries.

                        Unit A1.5.8 Trip Planning

    This unit must address the importance of and requirements for 
planning routes and trips. This instruction must address planning the 
safest route, planning for rest stops, heavy traffic areas, railroad-
highway grade crossing safe clearance and ground clearance (i.e., ``high 
center''), the importance of Federal and State requirements on the need 
for permits, and vehicle size and weight limitations. The training 
providers must teach driver-trainees in the correct identification of 
restricted routes, the pros and cons of Global Positioning System (GPS)/
trip routing software, and the importance of selecting fuel-efficient 
routes.

                        Unit A1.5.9 Drugs/Alcohol

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the rules applicable to 
controlled substances (including prescription drugs) and alcohol use and 
testing related to the operation of a CMV.

[[Page 185]]

                    Unit A1.5.10 Medical Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the Federal rules on medical 
certification, medical examination procedures, general qualifications, 
responsibilities, and disqualifications based on various offenses, 
orders, and loss of driving privileges (49 CFR part 391, subparts B and 
E).

                         Behind-the-Wheel--Range

    BTW range training must teach driving exercises related to basic 
vehicle control skills and mastery of basic maneuvers, as covered in 
Sec. Sec.  383.111 and 383.113 of this chapter, necessary to operate the 
vehicle safely. The training providers will teach activities in this 
unit on a driving range as defined in Sec.  380.605. The training 
provider must teach ``Get Out and Look'' (GOAL) to the driver-trainee as 
it applies to units A2.2-2.6.

         Unit A2.1 Vehicle Inspection Pre-Trip/Enroute/Post-Trip

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in conducting pre-trip 
and post-trip inspections as specified in Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 396.11, 
including appropriate inspection locations. Instruction must also be 
provided on enroute vehicle inspections.

                     Unit A2.2 Straight Line Backing

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing various straight line backing maneuvers to appropriate 
criteria/acceptable tolerances.

               Unit A2.3 Alley Dock Backing (45/90 Degree)

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing 45/90 degree alley dock maneuvers to appropriate 
criteria/acceptable tolerances.

                        Unit A2.4 Off-Set Backing

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing off-set right and left backing maneuvers to appropriate 
criteria/acceptable tolerances.

                  Unit A2.5 Parallel Parking Blind Side

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing parallel parking blind side positions/maneuvers to 
appropriate criteria/acceptable tolerances.

                  Unit A2.6 Parallel Parking Sight Side

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing sight side parallel parking maneuvers to appropriate 
criteria/acceptable tolerances.

                    Unit A2.7 Coupling and Uncoupling

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for coupling, inspecting, and uncoupling combination vehicle units, as 
applicable.

                      Behind-the-Wheel--Public Road

    The instructor must engage in active two-way communication with the 
driver-trainees during all active BTW public road training sessions. 
Skills described in paragraphs A3.8 through 3.12 of this section must be 
discussed during public road training, but not necessarily performed. 
Driver-trainees are not required to demonstrate proficiency in the 
skills described in paragraphs A3.8 through 3.12.

   Unit A3.1 Vehicle Controls Including: Left Turn, Right Turns, Lane 
Changes, Curves at Highway Speeds, and Entry and Exit on the Interstate 
                      or Controlled Access Highway

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for initiating vehicle movement, executing left and right turns, 
changing lanes, navigating curves at speed, entry and exit on the 
interstate or controlled access highway, and stopping the vehicle in a 
controlled manner.

                     Unit A3.2 Shifting/Transmission

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing safe and fuel-efficient shifting.

                   Unit A3.3 Communications/Signaling

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for signaling intentions and effectively communicating with other 
drivers.

                         Unit A3.4 Visual Search

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for visually searching the road for potential hazards and critical 
objects.

                  Unit A3.5 Speed and Space Management

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper habits and 
techniques for adjusting and maintaining vehicle speed, taking into 
consideration various factors such as traffic and road conditions. 
Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in maintaining proper speed 
to keep appropriate spacing between the driver-trainee's CMV and other 
vehicles. Instruction must include methods for calibrating safe 
following distances under an array of conditions including traffic, 
weather, and CMV weight and length.

                     Unit A3.6 Safe Driver Behavior

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in safe driver behavior 
during their operation of the CMV.

[[Page 186]]

              Unit A3.7 Hours of Service (HOS) Requirements

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in the basic activities 
required by the HOS regulations, such as completing a Driver's Daily Log 
(electronic and paper), timesheet, and logbook recap, as appropriate.

                       Unit A3.8 Hazard Perception

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to recognize 
potential hazards in the driving environment in time to reduce the 
severity of the hazard and neutralize possible emergency situations. 
Driver-trainees must demonstrate the ability to identify road conditions 
and other road users that are a potential threat to the safety of the 
combination vehicle and suggest appropriate adjustments.

             Unit A3.9 Railroad (RR)-Highway Grade Crossing

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate the ability to recognize potential 
dangers and to demonstrate appropriate safety procedures when RR-highway 
grade crossings are reasonably available.

                       Unit A3.10 Night Operation

    Driver-trainees must be familiar with how to operate a CMV safely at 
night. Training providers must teach driver-trainees that night driving 
presents specific circumstances that require heightened attention on the 
part of the driver. Driver-trainees must be taught special requirements 
for night vision, communications, speed, space management, and proper 
use of lights.

                  Unit A3.11 Extreme Driving Conditions

    Driver-trainees must be familiar with the special risks created by, 
and the heightened precautions required by, driving CMVs under extreme 
driving conditions, such as heavy rain, high wind, high heat, fog, snow, 
ice, steep grades, and sharp curves. Driver-trainees must demonstrate 
their ability to recognize the changes in basic driving habits needed to 
deal with the specific challenges presented by these extreme driving 
conditions.

  Unit A3.12 Skid Control/Recovery, Jackknifing, and Other Emergencies

    Driver-trainees must know the causes of skidding and jackknifing and 
techniques for avoiding and recovering from them. Driver-trainees must 
know how to maintain directional control and bring the CMV to a stop in 
the shortest possible distance while operating over a slippery surface. 
Driver-trainees must be familiar with proper techniques for responding 
to CMV emergencies, such as evasive steering, emergency braking, and 
off-road recovery. They must also know how to prevent or respond to 
brake failures, tire blowouts, hydroplaning, and rollovers.

                  Theory Instruction Upgrade Curriculum

                      Section BA1.1 Basic Operation

    This section must cover the interaction between driver-trainees and 
the CMV. Driver-trainees will receive instruction in the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) and will be introduced to the basic 
CMV instruments and controls. Training providers will teach driver-
trainees the basic operating characteristics of a CMV. This section must 
also teach driver-trainees how to properly perform vehicle inspections, 
control the motion of CMVs under various road and traffic conditions, 
employ shifting and backing techniques, and properly couple and uncouple 
combination vehicles. Driver-trainees must familiarize themselves with 
the basic operating characteristics of a CMV.

                        Unit BA1.1.1 Orientation

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to the combination vehicle 
driver training curriculum and the components of a combination vehicle. 
The training providers must teach the safety fundamentals, essential 
regulatory requirements (e.g., overview of FMCSRs and Hazardous 
Materials Regulations), and driver-trainees' responsibilities not 
directly related to CMV driving, such as proper cargo securement. This 
unit must also cover the ramifications, including driver 
disqualification provisions and fines, for non-compliance with parts 
380, 382, 383, and 390 through 399 of the FMCSRs. This unit must also 
include an overview of the applicability of State and local laws 
relating to the safe operation of the CMV, stopping at weigh stations/
scales, hazard awareness of vehicle size and weight limitations, low 
clearance areas (e.g., CMV height restrictions), and bridge formulas.

                 Unit BA1.1.2 Control Systems/Dashboard

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to vehicle instruments, 
controls, and safety components. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees to read gauges and instruments correctly and the proper 
use of vehicle safety components, including safety belts and mirrors. 
The training providers must teach driver-trainees to identify, locate, 
and explain the function of each of the primary and secondary controls 
including those required for steering, accelerating, shifting, braking 
systems (e.g., ABS, hydraulic, air), as applicable, and parking.

               Unit BA1.1.3 Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections

    This unit must teach the driver-trainees to conduct pre-trip and 
post-trip inspections as specified in Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 396.11, 
including appropriate inspection locations. Instruction

[[Page 187]]

must also be provided on en route vehicle inspections.

                       Unit BA1.1.4 Basic Control

    This unit must introduce basic vehicular control and handling as it 
applies to combination vehicles. This unit must include instruction 
addressing basic combination vehicle controls in areas such as executing 
sharp left and right turns, centering the vehicle, maneuvering in 
restricted areas, and entering and exiting the interstate or controlled 
access highway.

              Unit BA1.1.5 Shifting/Operating Transmissions

    This unit must introduce shifting patterns and procedures to driver-
trainees to prepare them to safely and competently perform basic 
shifting maneuvers. This unit must include training driver-trainees to 
execute up and down shifting techniques on multi-speed dual range 
transmissions, if appropriate. The training providers must teach the 
importance of increased vehicle control and improved fuel economy 
achieved by utilizing proper shifting techniques.

                    Unit BA1.1.6 Backing and Docking

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to back and dock the 
combination vehicle safely. This unit must cover ``Get Out and Look'' 
(GOAL), evaluation of backing/loading facilities, knowledge of backing 
set ups, as well as instruction in how to back with the use of spotters.

                  Unit BA1.1.7 Coupling and Uncoupling

    This unit must provide instruction for driver-trainees to develop 
the skills necessary to conduct the procedures for safe coupling and 
uncoupling of combination vehicle units, as applicable.

                 Section BA1.2 Safe Operating Procedures

    This section must teach the practices required for safe operation of 
the combination vehicle on the highway under various road, weather, and 
traffic conditions. The training providers must teach driver-trainees 
the Federal rules governing the proper use of seat belt assemblies 
(Sec.  392.16).

                       Unit BA1.2.1 Visual Search

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to visually search the road for 
potential hazards and critical objects, including instruction on 
recognizing distracted pedestrians or distracted drivers.

                       Unit BA1.2.2 Communication

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees on how to communicate their 
intentions to other road users. Driver-trainees must be instructed in 
techniques for different types of communication on the road, including 
proper use of headlights, turn signals, four-way flashers, and horns. 
This unit must cover instruction in proper utilization of eye contact 
techniques with other drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians.

                     Unit BA1.2.3 Distracted Driving

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in FMCSRs related to 
distracted driving and other key driver distraction driving issues, 
including improper cell phone use, texting, and use of in-cab technology 
(e.g., Sec. Sec.  392.80 and 392.82). This instruction will include 
training in the following aspects: visual attention (keeping eyes on the 
road); manual control (keeping hands on the wheel); and cognitive 
awareness (keeping mind on the task and safe operation of the CMV).

                      Unit BA1.2.4 Speed Management

    This unit must teach driver-trainees how to manage speed effectively 
in response to various road, weather, and traffic conditions. The 
instruction must include methods for calibrating safe following 
distances taking into account CMV braking distances under an array of 
conditions including traffic, weather, and CMV weight and length.

                      Unit BA1.2.5 Space Management

    This unit must teach driver-trainees about the importance of 
managing the space surrounding the vehicle under various traffic and 
road conditions.

                      Unit BA1.2.6 Night Operation

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in the factors affecting the 
safe operation of CMVs at night and in darkness. Additionally, driver-
trainees must be instructed in changes in vision, communications, speed 
space management, and proper use of lights, as needed, to deal with the 
special problems night driving presents.

                 Unit BA1.2.7 Extreme Driving Conditions

    This unit must teach driver-trainees about the specific problems 
presented by extreme driving conditions. The training provider will 
emphasize the factors affecting the operation of CMVs in cold, hot, and 
inclement weather and on steep grades and sharp curves. The training 
provider must teach proper tire chaining procedures.

               Section BA1.3 Advanced Operating Practices

    This section must introduce higher-level skills that can be acquired 
only after the more fundamental skills and knowledge taught in the prior 
two sections have been mastered. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees about the advanced skills necessary to recognize 
potential hazards and

[[Page 188]]

must teach the driver-trainees the procedures needed to handle a CMV 
when faced with a hazard.

                     Unit BA1.3.1 Hazard Perception

    The unit must teach driver-trainees to recognize potential hazards 
in the driving environment in order to reduce the severity of the hazard 
and neutralize possible emergency situations. The training providers 
must teach driver-trainees to identify road conditions and other road 
users that are a potential threat to the safety of the combination 
vehicle and suggest appropriate adjustments. The instruction must 
emphasize hazard recognition, visual search, adequate surveillance, and 
response to possible emergency-producing situations encountered by CMV 
drivers in various traffic situations. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees to recognize potential dangers and the safety procedures 
that must be utilized while driving in construction/work zones.

 Unit BA1.3.2 Skid Control/Recovery, Jackknifing, and Other Emergencies

    This unit must teach the causes of skidding and jackknifing and 
techniques for avoiding and recovering from them. The training providers 
must teach the importance of maintaining directional control and 
bringing the CMV to a stop in the shortest possible distance while 
operating over a slippery surface. This unit must provide instruction in 
appropriate responses when faced with CMV emergencies. This instruction 
must include evasive steering, emergency braking, and off-road recovery, 
as well as the proper response to brake failures, tire blowouts, 
hydroplaning, and rollovers. The instruction must include a review of 
unsafe acts and the role the acts play in producing or worsening 
hazardous situations.

              Unit BA1.3.3 Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to recognize potential dangers 
and the appropriate safety procedures to utilize at railroad (RR)-
highway grade crossings. This instruction must include an overview of 
various Federal/State RR grade crossing regulations, RR grade crossing 
environments, obstructed view conditions, clearance around the tracks, 
and rail signs and signals. The training providers must instruct driver-
trainees that railroads have personnel available (``Emergency 
Notification Systems'') to receive notification of any information 
relating to an unsafe condition at the RR-highway grade crossing or a 
disabled vehicle or other obstruction blocking a railroad track at the 
RR-highway grade crossing.

        Section BA1.4 Vehicle Systems and Reporting Malfunctions

    This section must provide entry-level driver-trainees with 
sufficient knowledge of the combination vehicle and its systems and 
subsystems to ensure that they understand and respect their role in 
vehicle inspection, operation, and maintenance and the impact of those 
factors upon highway safety and operational efficiency.

        Unit BA1.4.1 Identification and Diagnosis of Malfunctions

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to identify major combination 
vehicle systems. The goal is to explain their function and how to check 
all key vehicle systems, (e.g., engine, engine exhaust auxiliary 
systems, brakes, drive train, coupling systems, and suspension) to 
ensure their safe operation. Driver-trainees must be provided with a 
detailed description of each system, its importance to safe and 
efficient operation, and what is needed to keep the system in good 
operating condition.

                    Unit BA1.4.2 Roadside Inspections

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees on what to expect during a 
standard roadside inspection conducted by authorized personnel. The 
training providers must teach driver-trainees on what vehicle and driver 
violations are classified as out-of-service (OOS), including the 
ramifications and penalties for operating a CMV when subject to an OOS 
order as defined in section 390.5.

                        Unit BA1.4.3 Maintenance

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to the basic servicing and 
checking procedures for various engine and vehicle components and to 
help develop their ability to perform preventive maintenance and simple 
emergency repairs.

                  Section BA1.5 Non-Driving Activities

    This section must teach driver-trainees the activities that do not 
involve actually operating the CMV.

               Unit BA1.5.1 Hours of Service Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to understand that there are 
different hours-of-service (HOS) requirements applicable to different 
industries. The training providers must teach driver-trainees all 
applicable HOS regulatory requirements. The training providers must 
teach driver-trainees to complete a Driver's Daily Log (electronic and 
paper), timesheet, and logbook recap, as appropriate. The training 
providers must teach driver-trainees the consequences (safety, legal, 
and personal) of violating the HOS regulations, including the fines and 
penalties imposed for these types of violations.

[[Page 189]]

               Unit BA1.5.2 Fatigue and Wellness Awareness

    This unit must teach driver-trainees about the issues and 
consequences of chronic and acute driver fatigue and the importance of 
staying alert. The training providers must teach driver-trainees 
wellness and basic health maintenance information that affect a driver's 
ability to safely operate a CMV.

[81 FR 88794, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 22875, May 17, 2018; 84 
FR 8040, Mar. 6, 2019]



      Sec. Appendix B to Part 380--Class B--CDL Training Curriculum

    Class B CDL applicants must complete the Class B CDL curriculum 
outlined in this Appendix. The curriculum for Class B applicants 
pertains to heavy straight vehicles (Group B) as defined in 49 CFR 
383.91(a)(2). There is no required minimum number of instruction hours 
for theory training, but the training instructor must cover all the 
topics in curriculum. There is no required minimum number of instruction 
hours required for BTW (range and public road) training, but the 
training instructor must cover all topics set forth in the BTW 
curriculum. BTW training must be conducted in a CMV for which a Class B 
CDL is required. The instructor must determine and document that each 
driver-trainee has demonstrated proficiency in all elements of the BTW 
curriculum unless otherwise noted. Consistent with the definitions of 
BTW range training and BTW public road training in Sec.  380.605, a 
simulation device cannot be used to conduct such training or to 
demonstrate proficiency. Training instructors must document the total 
number of clock hours each driver-trainee spends to complete the BTW 
curriculum. The Class B curriculum must, at a minimum, include the 
following:

                           Theory Instruction

                      Section B1.1 Basic Operation

    This section must cover the interaction between driver-trainees and 
the CMV. Driver-trainees will receive instruction in the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) and will be introduced to the basic 
CMV instruments and controls. This section must also teach driver-
trainees how to perform vehicle inspections, control the CMVs under 
various road and traffic conditions, employ shifting and backing 
techniques, and couple and uncouple, as applicable. Driver-trainees must 
familiarize themselves with the basic operating characteristics of a 
CMV.

                         Unit B1.1.1 Orientation

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to the commercial motor 
vehicle driver training curriculum and the components of a commercial 
motor vehicle. The training providers must teach driver-trainees the 
safety fundamentals, essential regulatory requirements (i.e., overview 
of FMCSRs/hazardous materials (HM) regulations), and driver-trainees' 
responsibilities not directly related to driving. This unit must also 
cover the ramifications and driver disqualification provisions and fines 
for non-compliance with parts 380, 382, 383, and 390 through 399 of the 
FMCSRs. This unit must also include an overview of the applicability of 
State and local laws relating to the safe operation of the CMV, stopping 
at weigh stations/scales, hazard awareness of vehicle size and weight 
limitations, low clearance areas (e.g., CMV height restrictions), and 
bridge formulas.

                  Unit B1.1.2 Control Systems/Dashboard

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to vehicle instruments, 
controls, and safety components. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees to read gauges and instruments correctly and the proper 
use of vehicle safety components, including safety belts and mirrors. 
The training providers must teach driver-trainees to identify, locate, 
and explain the function of each of the primary and secondary controls 
including those required for steering, accelerating, shifting, braking 
systems (e.g., ABS, hydraulic, air), as applicable, and parking.

               Unit B1.1.3 Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections

    The training provider must teach the driver-trainees to conduct pre-
trip and post-trip inspections as specified in Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 
396.11, including appropriate inspection locations. Instruction must 
also be provided on enroute vehicle inspections.

                        Unit B1.1.4 Basic Control

    This unit must introduce basic vehicular control and handling as it 
applies to commercial motor vehicles. This unit must include instruction 
addressing basic CMV controls in areas such as executing sharp left and 
right turns, centering the vehicle, maneuvering in restricted areas, and 
entering and exiting the interstate or controlled access highway.

              Unit B1.1.5 Shifting/Operating Transmissions

    This unit must introduce shifting patterns and procedures to driver-
trainees to prepare them to safely and competently perform basic 
shifting maneuvers. This unit must teach driver-trainees to execute up 
and down shifting techniques on multi-speed dual range transmissions, if 
appropriate. The training providers must teach driver-trainees the 
importance of increased fuel economy achieved by utilizing proper 
shifting techniques.

[[Page 190]]

                     Unit B1.1.6 Backing and Docking

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to back and dock the vehicle 
safely. This unit must cover ``Get Out and Look'' (GOAL), evaluation of 
backing/loading facilities, knowledge of backing set ups, as well as 
instruction in how to back with use of spotters.

                 Section B1.2 Safe Operating Procedures

    This section must teach the practices required for safe operation of 
the CMV on the highway under various road, weather, and traffic 
conditions. The training providers must teach driver-trainees the 
Federal rules governing the proper use of seat belt assemblies (Sec.  
392.16).

                        Unit B1.2.1 Visual Search

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to visually search the road for 
potential hazards and critical objects, including instruction on 
recognizing distracted pedestrians or distracted drivers. This unit must 
include instruction in how to ensure a driver-trainee's personal 
security/general awareness in common surroundings such as truck stops 
and/or rest areas and at shipper/receiver locations.

                        Unit B1.2.2 Communication

    This unit must teach driver-trainees how to communicate their 
intentions to other road users. Driver-trainees must be instructed in 
techniques for different types of communication on the road, including 
proper use of headlights, turn signals, four-way flashers, and horns. 
This unit must cover instruction in proper utilization of eye contact 
techniques with other drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians.

                     Unit B1.2.3 Distracted Driving

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in FMCSRs related to 
distracted driving and other key driver distraction driving issues, 
including improper cell phone use, texting, and use of in-cab technology 
(e.g., Sec. Sec.  392.80 and 392.82). This instruction will include 
training in the following aspects: Visual attention (keeping eyes on the 
road); manual control (keeping hands on the wheel); and cognitive 
awareness (keeping mind on the task and safe operation of the CMV).

                      Unit B1.2.4 Speed Management

    This unit must teach driver-trainees how to manage speed effectively 
in response to various road, weather, and traffic conditions. The 
instruction must include methods for calibrating safe following 
distances under an array of conditions including traffic, weather and 
CMV weight and length.

                      Unit B1.2.5 Space Management

    This unit must teach driver-trainees about the importance of 
managing the space surrounding the vehicle under various traffic and 
road conditions.

                       Unit B1.2.6 Night Operation

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in the factors affecting the 
safe operation of CMVs at night and in darkness. Additionally, driver-
trainees must be instructed in changes in vision, communications, speed, 
space management, and proper use of lights, as needed, to deal with the 
special problems night driving presents.

                 Unit B1.2.7 Extreme Driving Conditions

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the specific problems presented 
by extreme driving conditions. The training will emphasize the factors 
affecting the operation of CMVs in cold, hot, and inclement weather and 
on steep grades and sharp curves. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees the proper tire chaining procedures in this unit.

                Section B1.3 Advanced Operating Practices

    This section must introduce higher-level skills that can be acquired 
only after the more fundamental skills and knowledge taught in the prior 
two sections have been mastered. The training providers must teach 
driver-trainees the advanced skills necessary to recognize potential 
hazards and must teach driver-trainees the procedures needed to handle a 
CMV when faced with a hazard.

                      Unit B1.3.1 Hazard Perception

    The unit must provide instruction for recognizing potential hazards 
in the driving environment in order to reduce the severity of the hazard 
and neutralize possible emergency situations. The training providers 
must teach driver-trainees to identify road conditions and other road 
users that are a potential threat to the safety of the CMV and suggest 
appropriate adjustments. The instruction must emphasize hazard 
recognition, visual search, adequate surveillance, and response to 
possible emergency-producing situations encountered by CMV drivers in 
various traffic situations. The training providers must also teach 
driver-trainees to recognize potential dangers and the safety procedures 
that must be utilized while driving in construction/work zones.

  Unit B1.3.2 Skid Control/Recovery, Jackknifing, and Other Emergencies

    This unit must teach the causes of skidding and jackknifing and 
techniques for avoiding and recovering from them. The training providers 
must teach the importance of maintaining directional control and 
bringing the CMV to a stop in the shortest

[[Page 191]]

possible distance while operating over a slippery surface. This unit 
must provide instruction in appropriate responses when faced with CMV 
emergencies. This instruction must include evasive steering, emergency 
braking, and off-road recovery, as well as the proper response to brake 
failures, tire blowouts, hydroplaning, and rollovers. The instruction 
must include a review of unsafe acts and the role the acts play in 
producing or worsening hazardous situations.

              Unit B1.3.3 Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to recognize potential dangers 
and appropriate safety procedures to utilize at railroad (RR)-highway 
grade crossings. This instruction must include an overview of various 
Federal/State RR grade crossing regulations, RR grade crossing 
environments, obstructed view conditions, clearance around the tracks, 
and rail signs and signals. The training providers must instruct driver-
trainees that railroads have personnel available (``Emergency 
Notification Systems'') to receive notification of any information 
relating to an unsafe condition at the RR-highway grade crossing or a 
disabled vehicle or other obstruction blocking a railroad track at the 
RR-highway grade crossing.

         Section B1.4 Vehicle Systems and Reporting Malfunctions

    This unit must provide entry-level driver-trainees with sufficient 
knowledge of the CMV and its systems and subsystems to ensure that they 
understand and respect their role in vehicle inspection, operation, and 
maintenance and the impact of those factors upon highway safety and 
operational efficiency.

        Unit B1.4.1 Identification and Diagnosis of Malfunctions

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to identify major vehicle 
systems. The goal is to explain their function and how to check all key 
vehicle systems, as appropriate (e.g., engine, engine exhaust auxiliary 
systems, brakes, drive train, coupling systems, and suspension) to 
ensure their safe operation. Driver-trainees must be provided with a 
detailed description of each system, its importance to safe and 
efficient operation, and what is needed to keep the system in good 
operating condition.

                    Unit B1.4.2 Roadside Inspections

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees on what to expect during a 
standard roadside inspection conducted by authorized personnel. The 
training providers must teach driver-trainees on what vehicle and driver 
violations are classified as out-of-service (OOS), including the 
ramifications and penalties for operating a CMV when subject to an OOS 
order as defined in section 390.5.

                         Unit B1.4.3 Maintenance

    This unit must introduce driver-trainees to the basic servicing and 
checking procedures for various engine and vehicle components and to 
help develop their ability to perform preventive maintenance and simple 
emergency repairs.

                   Section B1.5 Non-Driving Activities

    This section must teach driver-trainees activities that do not 
involve actually operating the CMV, e.g., proper cargo securement.

               Unit B1.5.1 Handling and Documenting Cargo

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic theory of cargo 
weight distribution, cargo securement on the vehicle, cargo covering, 
and techniques for safe and efficient loading/unloading. The training 
providers must also teach driver-trainees the basic cargo security/cargo 
theft prevention procedures. The training providers must teach driver-
trainees the basic information regarding the proper handling and 
documentation of HM cargo.

               Unit B1.5.2 Environmental Compliance Issues

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to recognize environmental 
hazards and issues related to the CMV and load, and also make aware that 
city, county, State, and Federal requirements may apply to such 
circumstances.

                Unit B1.5.3 Hours of Service Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees to understand that there are 
different hours-of-service (HOS) requirements applicable to different 
industries. The training providers must teach driver-trainees all 
applicable HOS regulatory requirements. The training providers must 
teach driver-trainees to complete a Driver's Daily Log (electronic and 
paper), timesheet, and logbook recap, as appropriate. The training 
providers must teach driver-trainees the consequences (safety, legal, 
and personal) of violating the HOS regulations, including the fines and 
penalties imposed for these types of violations.

               Unit B1.5.4 Fatigue and Wellness Awareness

    The issues and consequences of chronic and acute driver fatigue and 
the importance of staying alert will be covered in this unit. The 
training providers must teach driver-trainees about wellness and basic 
health maintenance information that affect a driver's ability to safely 
operate a CMV.

[[Page 192]]

                    Unit B1.5.5 Post-Crash Procedures

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the appropriate post-crash 
procedures, including the requirement that the driver, if possible, 
assess his or her physical condition immediately after the crash and 
notify authorities, or assign the task to other individuals at the crash 
scene. The training providers must teach driver-trainees how to protect 
the area; obtain emergency medical assistance; move on-road vehicles off 
the road in minor crashes so as to avoid subsequent crashes or injuries; 
engage flashers; place reflective triangles and other warning devices 
for stopped vehicles; and properly use a fire extinguisher, if 
necessary. The training providers must instruct driver-trainees in post-
crash testing requirements related to controlled substances and alcohol.

                   Unit B1.5.6 External Communications

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in the value of effective 
interpersonal communication techniques/skills to interact with 
enforcement officials. The training providers must teach driver-trainees 
the specifics of the roadside vehicle inspection process, and what to 
expect during this activity. Driver-trainees who are not native English 
speakers must be instructed in FMCSA English language proficiency 
requirements and the consequences for violations. The training providers 
must teach driver-trainees the implications of violating Federal and 
state regulations will have on their driving records and their employing 
motor carrier's records.

                   Unit B1.5.7 Whistleblower/Coercion

    This unit must teach the driver-trainees about the right of an 
employee to question the safety practices of an employer without 
incurring the risk of losing a job or being subject to reprisals simply 
for stating a safety concern. The training providers must instruct 
driver-trainees in the whistleblower protection regulations in 29 CFR 
part 1978. The training providers must teach driver-trainees the 
procedures for reporting to FMCSA incidents of coercion from motor 
carriers, shippers, receivers, or transportation intermediaries.

                        Unit B1.5.8 Trip Planning

    This unit must address the importance of and requirements for 
planning routes and trips. This instruction must address planning the 
safest route, planning for rest stops, heavy traffic areas, railroad-
highway grade crossing safe clearance and ground clearance (i.e., ``high 
center''), the importance of Federal and State requirements on the need 
for permits, and vehicle size and weight limitations. The training 
providers must teach driver-trainees the correct identification of 
restricted routes, the pros and cons of Global Positioning System (GPS)/
trip routing software, and the importance of selecting fuel-efficient 
routes.

                        Unit B1.5.9 Drugs/Alcohol

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the rules applicable to 
controlled substances (including prescription drugs) and alcohol use and 
testing related to the operation of a CMV.

                    Unit B1.5.10 Medical Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the Federal rules on medical 
certification, medical examination procedures, general qualifications, 
responsibilities, and disqualifications based on various offenses, 
orders, and loss of driving privileges (49 CFR part 391, subparts B and 
E).

                         Behind-the-Wheel Range

    This unit must teach driving exercises related to basic vehicle 
control skills and mastery of basic maneuvers, as covered in Sec. Sec.  
383.111 and 383.113 of this chapter necessary to operate the vehicle 
safely. The training providers must teach driver-trainees activities in 
this unit on a driving range as defined in Sec.  380.605. The training 
provider must teach ``Get Out and Look'' (GOAL) to the driver-trainee as 
it applies to units B2.2-2.6.

         Unit B2.1 Vehicle Inspection Pre-Trip/Enroute/Post-Trip

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in conducting pre-trip 
and post-trip inspections as specified in Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 396.11, 
including appropriate inspection locations. Instruction must also be 
provided on enroute vehicle inspections.

                     Unit B2.2 Straight Line Backing

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing various straight line backing maneuvers to appropriate 
criteria/acceptable tolerances.

               Unit B2.3 Alley Dock Backing (45/90 Degree)

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing 45/90 degree alley dock maneuvers to appropriate 
criteria/acceptable tolerances.

                        Unit B2.4 Off-Set Backing

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing off-set backing maneuvers to appropriate criteria/
acceptable tolerances.

                  Unit B2.5 Parallel Parking Blind Side

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing parallel parking blind side positions/maneuvers to 
appropriate criteria/acceptable tolerances.

[[Page 193]]

                  Unit B2.6 Parallel Parking Sight Side

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing sight side parallel parking maneuvers to appropriate 
criteria/acceptable tolerances.

                      Behind-the-Wheel Public Road

    The instructor must engage in active two-way communication with the 
driver-trainees during all active BTW public road training sessions. 
Skills described in paragraphs B3.8 through 3.12 of this section must be 
discussed during public road training, but not necessarily performed. 
Driver-trainees are not required to demonstrate proficiency in the 
skills described in paragraphs B3.8 through 3.12.

  Unit B3.1 Vehicle Controls Including: Left Turns, Right Turns, Lane 
Changes, Curves at Highway Speeds, and Entry and Exit on the Interstate 
                      or Controlled Access Highway

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for initiating vehicle movement, executing left and right turns, 
changing lanes, navigating curves at speed, exiting and entering the 
interstate, and stopping the vehicle in a controlled manner.

                     Unit B3.2 Shifting/Transmission

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for performing safe and fuel-efficient shifting.

                   Unit B3.3 Communications/Signaling

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for signaling intentions and effectively communicating with other 
drivers.

                         Unit B3.4 Visual Search

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper techniques 
for visually searching the road for potential hazards and critical 
objects.

                  Unit B3.5 Speed and Space Management

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in proper habits and 
techniques for adjusting and maintaining vehicle speed, taking into 
consideration various factors such as traffic and road conditions. 
Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in maintaining proper speed 
to keep appropriate spacing between the driver-trainee's CMV and other 
vehicles. Instruction must include methods for calibrating safe 
following distances under an array of conditions including traffic, 
weather, and CMV weight and length.

                     Unit B3.6 Safe Driver Behavior

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in safe driver behavior 
during their operation of the CMV.

              Unit B3.7 Hours of Service (HOS) Requirements

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in the basic activities 
required by the HOS regulations, such as completing a Driver's Daily Log 
(electronic and paper), timesheet, and logbook recap, as appropriate.

                       Unit B3.8 Hazard Perception

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to recognize 
potential hazards in the driving environment in time to reduce the 
severity of the hazard and neutralize possible emergency situations. 
Driver-trainees must demonstrate the ability to identify road conditions 
and other road users that are a potential threat to vehicle safety and 
suggest appropriate adjustments.

             Unit B3.9 Railroad (RR)-Highway Grade Crossing

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate the ability to recognize potential 
dangers and to demonstrate appropriate safety procedures when RR-highway 
grade crossings are reasonably available.

                       Unit B3.10 Night Operation

    Driver-trainees must be familiar with how to operate a CMV safely at 
night. Training providers must teach driver-trainees that night driving 
presents specific circumstances that require heightened attention on the 
part of the driver. Driver-trainees must be taught special requirements 
for night vision, communications, speed, space management, and proper 
use of lights.

                  Unit B3.11 Extreme Driving Conditions

    Driver-trainees must be familiar with the special risks created by, 
and the heightened precautions required by, driving CMVs under extreme 
driving conditions, such as heavy rain, high wind, high heat, fog, snow, 
ice, steep grades, and curves. Training providers must teach driver-
trainees the basic driving habits needed to deal with the specific 
challenges presented by these extreme driving conditions.

  Unit B3.12 Skid Control/Recovery, Jackknifing, and Other Emergencies

    Driver-trainees must know the causes of skidding and jackknifing and 
techniques for avoiding and recovering from them. Driver-trainees must 
know how to maintain directional control and bring the CMV to a stop in 
the shortest possible distance while operating over a slippery surface. 
Driver-trainees

[[Page 194]]

must be familiar with proper techniques for responding to CMV 
emergencies, such as evasive steering, emergency braking, and off-road 
recovery. They must also know how to prevent or respond to brake 
failures, tire blowouts, hydroplaning, and rollovers.

[81 FR 88794, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 22875, May 17, 2018; 86 
FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021]



 Sec. Appendix C to Part 380--Passenger Endorsement Training Curriculum

    Passenger (P) endorsement applicants must complete the curriculum 
outlined in this section, which applies to driver-trainees who expect to 
operate CMVs in the any of the vehicle groups defined in Sec.  
383.91(a)(1)-(3) for which a P endorsement is required.
    There is no required minimum number of instruction hours for theory 
training, but the training provider must cover all the topics set forth 
in the curriculum. There is no required minimum number of instruction 
hours for BTW training, but training providers must determine whether 
driver-trainees have demonstrated proficiency in all elements of the BTW 
curriculum. Training instructors must document the total number of clock 
hours each driver-trainee spends to complete the BTW curriculum. The 
training must be conducted in a passenger vehicle of the same vehicle 
group as the applicant intends to drive. The passenger endorsement 
training must, at a minimum, contain the following:

                           Theory Instruction

                     Unit C1.1 Post-Crash Procedures

    This unit must teach driver-trainees appropriate post-crash 
procedures, including the requirement that the driver, if possible, 
assess his or her physical condition immediately after the crash and 
notify authorities, or assign the task to a passenger or other 
individuals at the crash scene. Also, training providers must teach 
driver-trainees how to obtain emergency medical assistance; move on-road 
vehicles off the road in minor crashes so as to avoid subsequent crashes 
or injuries; engage flashers, reflective triangles and other warning 
devices for stopped vehicles; and properly use a fire extinguisher if 
necessary.

                  Unit C1.2 Other Emergency Procedures

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in managing security 
breaches, on-board fires, emergency exit and passenger evacuation 
training, medical emergencies, and emergency stopping procedures 
including the deployment of various emergency hazard signals. 
Instruction must also include procedures for dealing with mechanical 
breakdowns and vehicle defects while enroute.

                      Unit C1.3 Vehicle Orientation

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic physical and 
operational characteristics of passenger-carrying CMV (e.g., bus and 
motor coach), including overall height, length, width, ground 
clearances, rear overhang, Gross Vehicle Weight and Gross Vehicle Weight 
Rating, axle weights, wheels and rims, tires, tire ratings, mirrors, 
steer wheels, lighting, windshield, windshield wipers, engine 
compartments, basic electrical system, brake systems, as applicable, and 
spare tire storage. Additionally, training providers must instruct 
driver-trainees in techniques for proper driver seat and mirror 
adjustments.

          Unit C1.4 Pre-Trip, Enroute, and Post-Trip Inspection

    This unit must teach the driver-trainee the importance of pre-trip, 
enroute, and post-trip inspections; and provide instruction in 
techniques for conducting such inspections as stated in Sec. Sec.  392.7 
and 396.11, and demonstrate their ability to inspect the following:
    (1) Emergency exits;
    (2) Passenger-carrying CMV interiors (including passenger seats as 
applicable);
    (3) Restrooms and associated environmental requirements;
    (4) Temperature controls (for maintaining passenger comfort);
    (5) Driver and passenger seat belts.
    Additionally, training providers must instruct driver-trainees in 
procedures, as applicable, in security-related inspections, including 
inspections for unusual wires or other abnormal visible materials, 
interior and exterior luggage compartments, packages or luggage left 
behind, and signs of cargo or vehicle tampering. Finally, training 
providers must instruct driver-trainees in cycling-accessible lifts and 
procedures for inspecting them for functionality and defects.

                            Unit C1.5 Fueling

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees on the significance of 
avoiding refueling a bus while passengers are onboard and the imperative 
of avoiding refueling in an enclosed space.

                            Unit C1.6 Idling

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the importance of compliance 
with State and local laws and regulations, including for example, idling 
limits, fuel savings; and the consequences of non-compliance, including 
adverse health effects and penalties.

                Unit C1.7 Baggage and/or Cargo Management

    In this unit, training providers must teach driver-trainees:

[[Page 195]]

    (1) Proper methods for handling and securing passenger baggage and 
containers, as applicable.
    (2) Procedures for identifying and inspecting baggage and containers 
for prohibited items, such as hazardous materials.
    (3) Proper handling and securement of devices associated with the 
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) compliance, including oxygen, 
wheeled mobility devices, and other associated apparatuses.

              Unit C1.8 Passenger Safety Awareness Briefing

    This unit must teach driver-trainees how to brief passengers on 
safety topics including fastening seat belts, emergency exits, emergency 
phone contact information, fire extinguisher location, safely walking in 
the aisle when the bus is moving, and restroom emergency push button or 
switch.

                     Unit C1.9 Passenger Management

    In this unit, training providers must teach driver-trainees:
    (1) Proper procedures for safe loading and unloading of passengers 
prior to departure, including rules concerning standing passengers and 
the standee line.
    (2) Procedures for dealing with disruptive passengers.

       Unit C1.10 Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Compliance

    Along with addressing the proper operation of accessibility 
equipment (e.g., lifts), this must teach driver-trainees the applicable 
regulations and proper procedures for engaging persons with disabilities 
or special needs under the ADA. Training must cover passengers with 
mobility issues, engaging passengers with sight, hearing, or cognitive 
impairments, and recognizing the permitted use of service animals.

             Unit C1.11 Hours of Service (HOS) Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the HOS regulations that apply 
to drivers for interstate passenger carriers. Training providers must 
teach driver-trainees the basic activities required by the HOS 
regulations, such as completing a Driver's Daily Log (electronic and 
paper), timesheet, and logbook recap, as appropriate. Training providers 
must teach driver-trainees how to recognize the signs of fatigue and 
basic fatigue countermeasures as a means to avoid crashes.

                      Unit C1.12 Safety Belt Safety

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the Federal rules governing the 
proper use of safety restraint systems by CMV drivers, as set forth in 
Sec.  392.16.

                      Unit C1.13 Distracted Driving

    This unit must teach driver-trainees FMCSA regulations that prohibit 
drivers from texting or using hand-held mobile phones while operating 
their vehicles (e.g., Sec. Sec.  392.80 and 392.82); and must teach the 
serious consequences of violations, including crashes, heavy fines, and 
impacts on a motor carrier's and/or driver's safety records, such as 
driver disqualification.

    Unit C1.14 Railroad (RR)-Highway Grade Crossings and Drawbridges

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees in applicable regulations, 
techniques, and procedures for navigating RR-highway grade crossings and 
drawbridges appropriate to passenger buses.

                        Unit C1.15 Weigh Stations

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the weigh-station regulations 
that apply to buses.

                      Unit C1.16 Security and Crime

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic techniques for 
recognizing and minimizing physical risks from criminal activities.

                     Unit C1.17 Roadside Inspections

    This unit must teach driver-trainees what to expect during a 
standard roadside inspection conducted by authorized personnel. Training 
providers must teach driver-trainees what passenger-carrying vehicle and 
driver violations are classified as out-of-service (OOS), including the 
ramifications and penalties for operating a CMV when subject to an OOS 
order as defined in Sec.  390.5.

                     Unit C1.18 Penalties and Fines

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the potential consequences of 
violating driver-related regulations, including impacts on driver and 
motor carrier safety records, adverse impacts on the driver's Pre-
employment Screening Program record; financial penalties for both the 
driver and carrier; and possible loss of CMV driving privileges.

                 Behind the Wheel--Range and Public Road

    This BTW training consists of exercises related to basic vehicle 
control skills and mastery of basic maneuvers necessary to operate the 
vehicle safely. Activities in this unit will take place on a driving 
range or a public road as defined in Sec.  380.605. The instructor must 
engage in active communication with the driver-trainees during all BTW 
training sessions.

                      Unit C2.1 Vehicle Orientation

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate their familiarity with basic 
passenger-carrying CMV

[[Page 196]]

physical and operational characteristics including overall height, 
length, width, ground clearances, rear overhang, gross vehicle weight 
and gross vehicle weight rating, axle weights, wheels and rims, tires, 
tire ratings, mirrors, steer wheels, lighting, windshield, windshield 
wipers, engine compartments, basic electric system, and spare tire 
storage. Additionally, driver-trainees must demonstrate techniques for 
proper driver's seat and mirror adjustments.

          Unit C2.2 Pre-Trip, Enroute, and Post-Trip Inspection

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in conducting such pre-
trip, enroute and post-trip inspections of buses and key components of 
Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 396.11, and demonstrate their ability to inspect 
the following:
    (1) Emergency exits;
    (2) Passenger-carrying CMV interiors (including passenger seats as 
applicable);
    (3) Restrooms and associated environmental requirements;
    (4) Temperature controls (for maintaining passenger comfort); and
    (5) Driver and passenger seat belts.
    Additionally, driver-trainees must demonstrate their knowledge of 
procedures, as applicable, in security-related inspections, including 
inspections for unusual wires or other abnormal visible materials, 
interior and exterior luggage compartments, packages or luggage left 
behind, and signs of cargo or vehicle tampering. Driver-trainees must be 
familiar with the operation of cycling-accessible lifts and the 
procedures for inspecting them for functionality and defects. For 
passenger-carrying vehicles equipped with said lifts and tie-down 
positions, trainee must demonstrate their ability to operate the 
cycling-accessible lifts.

                Unit C2.3 Baggage and/or Cargo Management

    In this unit, driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to:
    (1) Properly handle passenger baggage and containers to avoid 
worker, passenger, and non-passenger related injuries and property 
damage;
    (2) Visually inspect baggage and containers for prohibited items, 
such as hazardous materials and identify such items;
    (3) Properly handle and secure devices associated with ADA 
compliance including oxygen, wheeled mobility devices, and other 
associated apparatuses.

              Unit C2.4 Passenger Safety Awareness Briefing

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to brief passengers 
on safety on topics including: Fastening seat belts, emergency exits, 
emergency phone contact information, fire extinguisher location, safely 
walking in the aisle when the bus is moving, and restroom emergency push 
button or switch.

                     Unit C2.5 Passenger Management

    In this unit, driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to 
safely load and unload passengers prior to departure and to deal with 
disruptive passengers.

               Unit C2.6 Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proper procedures for safely 
navigating railroad-highway grade crossings in a passenger-carrying CMV.

[81 FR 88794, Dec. 8, 2016]



 Sec. Appendix D to Part 380--School Bus Endorsement Training Curriculum

    School bus (S) endorsement applicants must complete the curriculum 
outlined in this section, which applies to driver-trainees who expect to 
operate a ``school bus'' as defined in Sec.  383.5. There is no required 
minimum number of instruction hours for theory training, but the 
training provider must cover all the topics set forth in the curriculum. 
There is no required minimum number of instruction hours for BTW 
training, but the training provider must determine whether driver-
trainees have demonstrated proficiency in all elements of the BTW 
curriculum. Training instructors must document the total number of clock 
hours each driver-trainee spends to complete the BTW curriculum. The 
training must be conducted in a school bus of the same vehicle group as 
the applicant intends to drive. The school bus endorsement training 
must, at a minimum, include the following:

                           Theory Instruction

                Unit D1.1 Danger Zones and Use of Mirrors

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the danger zones that exist 
around the school bus and the techniques to ensure the safety of those 
around the bus. These techniques include correct mirror adjustment and 
usage. The types of mirrors and their use must be discussed, as well as 
the requirements found in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 
111 (49 CFR 571.111). Training providers must teach driver-trainees the 
dangers of ``dart-outs.'' Training providers must teach driver-trainees 
the importance of training students how to keep out of the danger zone 
when around school buses and the techniques for doing so.

                     Unit D1.2 Loading and Unloading

    This unit must be instruct driver-trainees on the laws and 
regulations for loading and unloading, as well as the required 
procedures

[[Page 197]]

for students waiting at a bus stop and crossing the roadway at a bus 
stop. Special dangers involved in loading and unloading must be 
specifically discussed, including procedures to ensure the danger zone 
is clear and that no student has been caught in the doorway prior to 
moving the vehicle. Instruction also must be included on the proper use 
of lights, stop arms, crossing gates, and safe operation of the door 
during loading and unloading; the risks involved with leaving students 
unattended on a school bus; and the proper techniques for checking the 
bus for sleeping children and lost items at the end of each route.

                      Unit D1.3 Vehicle Orientation

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic physical and 
operational characteristics of school buses, including overall height, 
length, width, ground clearances, rear overhang, Gross Vehicle Weight 
and Gross Vehicle Weight Rating, axle weights, wheels and rims, tires, 
tire ratings, mirrors, steer wheels, lighting, windshield, windshield 
wipers, engine compartments, basic electrical system, brake systems, as 
applicable, and spare tire storage. Additionally, the training providers 
must instruct driver-trainees in techniques for proper driver seat and 
mirror adjustments.

                     Unit D1.4 Post-Crash Procedures

    This unit must instruct driver-trainees on the proper procedures 
following a school bus crash. The instruction must include use of fire 
extinguisher(s), first aid kit(s), tending to injured passengers, post-
crash vehicle securement, notification procedures, deciding whether to 
evacuate the bus, data gathering, and interaction with law enforcement 
officials.

                 Unit D1.5 Emergency Exit and Evacuation

    This unit must teach driver-trainees their role in safely evacuating 
the bus in an emergency and planning for an emergency in advance. 
Training must include proper evacuation methods and procedures, such as 
the safe evacuation of students on field and activity trips who only 
occasionally ride school buses and thus may not be familiar with the 
procedures.

               Unit D1.6 Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the dangers trains present and 
the importance of the school bus driver and students strictly following 
railroad crossing procedures. Instruction must be given on the types of 
crossings, warning signs and devices, and State and local procedures and 
regulations for school buses when crossing railroad-highway grade 
crossings.

                      Unit D1.7 Student Management

    This unit must teach driver-trainees how to manage student behavior 
on the bus to ensure that safety is maintained and the rights of others 
are respected. Specific student management techniques must be discussed, 
including warning signs of bullying and the techniques for managing 
student behavior and administering discipline. Training providers must 
teach driver-trainees to avoid becoming distracted by student behavior 
while driving, especially when crossing railroad tracks and during 
loading and unloading.

                 Unit D1.8 Special Safety Considerations

    This unit must teach the driver-trainees the special safety 
considerations and equipment in school bus operations. Topics discussed 
must include use of strobe lights, driving in high winds, safe backing 
techniques, and preventing tail swing crashes.

                Unit D1.9 Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections

    This unit must teach the driver-trainees the importance of pre-trip, 
enroute, and post-trip inspections; and provide instruction in 
techniques for conducting such inspections of buses as stated in 
Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 396.11, and additionally demonstrate their ability 
to inspect the following:
    (1) Stop arms,
    (2) Crossing arms,
    (3) Emergency exits,
    (4) Fire extinguishers,
    (5) Passenger seats,
    (6) First aid kits,
    (7) Interior lights, and
    (8) Temperature control (for maintaining passenger comfort).
    Training providers must instruct driver-trainees in State and local 
requirements, as applicable, for inspection of school bus equipment.

                     Unit D1.10 School Bus Security

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the security issues facing 
school bus drivers. Training providers must also teach driver-trainees 
potential security threats, techniques for preventing and responding to 
security threats, how to recognize and report suspicious behavior, and 
what to do in the event of a hijacking or attack on a school bus.

                    Unit D1.11 Route and Stop Reviews

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the importance of planning 
their routes prior to beginning driving in order to avoid distraction 
while on the road. The training provider must also teach driver-trainees 
the techniques for reviewing routes and stops, as well as State and 
local procedures for reporting hazards along the route and at bus stops.

[[Page 198]]

                 Behind the Wheel--Range and Public Road

    This unit must consist of exercises related to basic vehicle control 
skills and mastery of basic maneuvers. Activities in this unit will take 
place on a driving range or a public road as defined in Sec.  380.605. 
The instructor must engage in active communication with the driver-
trainees during all active training sessions.

                Unit D2.1 Danger Zones and Use of Mirrors

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate the techniques necessary to ensure 
the safety of persons in the danger zone around the bus. Driver-trainees 
must practice mirror adjustment and usage. The types of mirrors and 
their use are shown, and cones used to demonstrate the requirements of 
49 CFR 571.111.

                     Unit D2.2 Loading and Unloading

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate the loading and unloading 
techniques learned in the theory portion of the training. Driver-
trainees must demonstrate checking the vehicle for sleeping children and 
lost items at the end of the route.

                 Unit D2.3 Emergency Exit and Evacuation

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate their role in safely evacuating the 
bus in an emergency.

                 Unit D2.4 Special Safety Considerations

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate safe backing techniques and 
demonstrate their ability to avoid tail swing crashes by using reference 
points when making turns.

                Unit D2.5 Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in conducting pre-and 
post-trip inspections, as stated in Sec. Sec.  392.7 and 396.11, and of 
school bus-specific equipment, such as mirrors, stop arms, crossing 
arms, emergency exits, fire extinguishers, passenger seats, first aid 
kits, interior lights, and temperature control.

               Unit D2.6 Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings

    Driver-trainees must demonstrate proper procedures for safely 
navigating railroad-highway grade crossings in a school bus.

[81 FR 88794, Dec. 8, 2016]



 Sec. Appendix E to Part 380--Hazardous Materials Endorsement Training 
                               Curriculum

    Hazardous materials (H) endorsement applicants must complete the 
Hazardous materials curriculum, which apply to driver-trainees who 
intend to operate CMVs used in the transportation of hazardous materials 
(HM) as defined in Sec.  383.5. Driver-trainees seeking an H 
endorsement, as defined in Sec.  383.93(c)(4), must complete this 
curriculum in order to take the State-administered knowledge test for 
the H endorsement. There is no required minimum number of instruction 
hours for theory training, but the training provider must cover all the 
topics in the curriculum. The HM curriculum must, at a minimum, include 
the following:

                           Theory Instruction

              Unit E1.1 Basic Introductory HM Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic HM competencies, 
including applicable FMCSR requirements when HM is being transported. 
The training provider must also teach driver-trainees HM communication 
requirements including: Shipping paper requirements, marking, labeling, 
placarding, emergency response information, and shipper's 
responsibilities.

                  Unit E1.2 Operational HM Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic competencies for 
transportation of HM.

               Unit E1.3 Reporting HM Crashes and Releases

    The unit must teach driver-trainees the proper procedures and 
contacts for the immediate notification related to certain HM incidents, 
including instruction in the proper completion and submission of HM 
Incident Reports.

 Unit E.4 Tunnels and Railroad (RR)-Highway Grade Crossing Requirements

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the proper operation of an HM 
vehicle at RR-highway grade crossings and in vehicular tunnels.

                   Unit E1.5 Loading and Unloading HM

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the proper loading and 
unloading procedures for hazardous material cargo. Training providers 
must also teach driver-trainees the requirements for proper segregation 
and securement of HM, and the prohibitions on transporting certain solid 
and liquid poisons with foodstuffs.

                   Unit E1.6 HM on Passenger Vehicles

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the various requirements for 
vehicles transporting passengers and property, and the types and 
quantities of HM that can and cannot be transported in these vehicles/
situations.

                         Unit E1.7 Bulk Packages

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the specialized requirements 
for transportation of cargo in bulk packages, including cargo

[[Page 199]]

tanks, intermediate bulk containers, bulk cylinders and portable tanks. 
The unit must include training in the operation of emergency control 
features, special vehicle handling characteristics, rollover prevention, 
and the properties and hazards of the HM transported. Training providers 
must teach driver-trainees methods specifically designed to reduce cargo 
tank rollovers including, but not limited to, vehicle design and 
performance, load effects, highway factors, and driver factors.

                 Unit E1.8 Operating Emergency Equipment

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the applicable requirements of 
the FMCSRs and the procedures necessary for the safe operation of the 
motor vehicle. This includes training in special precautions for fires, 
loading and unloading, operation of cargo tank motor vehicle equipment, 
and shut-off/shut-down equipment.

                 Unit E1.9 Emergency Response Procedures

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the proper procedures and best 
practices for handling an emergency response and post-response 
operations, including what to do in the event of an unintended release 
of an HM. All training, preparation, and response efforts must focus on 
the hazards of the materials that have been released and the protection 
of people, property, and the environment.

                       Unit E1.10 Engine (Fueling)

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the procedures for fueling a 
vehicle that contains HM.

                          Unit E1.11 Tire Check

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the proper procedures for 
checking the vehicle tires at the start of a trip and each time the 
vehicle is parked.

                  Unit E1.12 Routes and Route Planning

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the proper routing procedures 
that they are required to follow for the transportation of radioactive 
and non-radioactive HM.

          Unit E1.13 Hazardous Materials Safety Permits (HMSP)

    This unit must teach driver-trainees the proper procedures and 
operational requirements including communications, constant attendance, 
and parking that apply to the transportation of HM for which an HMSP is 
required.

[81 FR 88794, Dec. 8, 2016]



  Sec. Appendix F to Part 380--LCV Driver Training Programs, Required 
                          Knowledge and Skills

    The following table lists topics of instruction required for drivers 
of longer combination vehicles pursuant to 49 CFR part 380, subpart B. 
The training courses for operators of LCV Doubles and LCV Triples must 
be distinct and tailored to address their unique operating and handling 
characteristics. Each course must include the minimum topics of 
instruction, including behind-the-wheel training designed to provide an 
opportunity to develop the skills outlined under the Proficiency 
Development unit of the training program. Only a skills instructor may 
administer behind-the-wheel training involving the operation of an LCV 
or one of its components. A classroom instructor may administer only 
instruction that does not involve the operation of an LCV or one of its 
components.

          Table to the Appendix--Course Topics for LCV Drivers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Section 1: Orientation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.1.............................  LCVs in Trucking
1.2.............................  Regulatory Factors
1.3.............................  Driver Qualifications
1.4.............................  Vehicle Configuration Factors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Section 2: Basic Operation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1.............................  Coupling and Uncoupling
2.2.............................  Basic Control and Handling
2.3.............................  Basic Maneuvers
2.4.............................  Turning, Steering and Tracking
2.5.............................  Proficiency Development
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Section 3: Safe Operating Practices
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.1.............................  Interacting with Traffic
3.2.............................  Speed and Space Management
3.3.............................  Night Operations
3.4.............................  Extreme Driving Conditions
3.5.............................  Security Issues
3.6.............................  Proficiency Development
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Section 4: Advanced Operations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.1.............................  Hazard Perception
4.2.............................  Hazardous Situations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.3.............................  Maintenance and Troubleshooting
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Section 5: Non-Driving Activities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.1.............................  Routes and Trip Planning
5.2.............................  Cargo and Weight Considerations
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         Section 1--Orientation

    The units in this section must provide an orientation to the 
training curriculum and must cover the role LCVs play within the motor 
carrier industry, the factors that affect their operations, and the role 
that drivers play in the safe operation of LCVs.

[[Page 200]]

    Unit 1.1--LCVs in Trucking. This unit must provide an introduction 
to the emergence of LCVs in trucking and must serve as an orientation to 
the course content. Emphasis must be placed upon the role the driver 
plays in transportation.
    Unit 1.2--Regulatory factors. This unit must provide instruction 
addressing the Federal, State, and local governmental bodies that 
propose, enact, and implement the laws, rules, and regulations that 
affect the trucking industry. Emphasis must be placed on those 
regulatory factors that affect LCVs, including 23 CFR 658.23 and 
appendix C to part 658.
    Unit 1.3--Driver qualifications. This unit must provide classroom 
instruction addressing the Federal and State laws, rules, and 
regulations that define LCV driver qualifications. It also must include 
a discussion on medical examinations, drug and alcohol tests, 
certification, and basic health and wellness issues. Emphasis must be 
placed upon topics essential to physical and mental health maintenance, 
including (1) diet, (2) exercise, (3) avoidance of alcohol and drug 
abuse, and caution in the use of prescription and nonprescription drugs, 
(4) the adverse effects of driver fatigue, and (5) effective fatigue 
countermeasures. Driver-trainees who have successfully completed the 
Entry-level training segments at Sec.  380.503(a) and (c) are considered 
to have satisfied the requirements of Unit 1.3.
    Unit 1.4--Vehicle configuration factors. This unit must provide 
classroom instruction addressing the key vehicle components used in the 
configuration of longer combination vehicles. It also must familiarize 
the driver-trainee with various vehicle combinations, as well as provide 
instruction about unique characteristics and factors associated with LCV 
configurations.

                       Section 2--Basic Operation

    The units in this section must cover the interaction between the 
driver and the vehicle. They must teach driver-trainees how to couple 
and uncouple LCVs, ensure the vehicles are in proper operating 
condition, and control the motion of LCVs under various road and traffic 
conditions.
    During the driving exercises at off-highway locations required by 
this section, the driver-trainee must first familiarize himself/herself 
with basic operating characteristics of an LCV. Utilizing an LCV, 
students must be able to perform the skills learned in each unit to a 
level of proficiency required to permit safe transition to on-street 
driving.
    Unit 2.1--Coupling and uncoupling. This unit must provide 
instruction addressing the procedures for coupling and uncoupling LCVs. 
While vehicle coupling and uncoupling procedures are common to all 
truck-tractor/semi-trailer operations, some factors are peculiar to 
LCVs. Emphasis must be placed upon preplanning and safe operating 
procedures.
    Unit 2.2--Basic control and handling. This unit must provide an 
introduction to basic vehicular control and handling as it applies to 
LCVs. This must include instruction addressing brake performance, 
handling characteristics and factors affecting LCV stability while 
braking, turning, and cornering. Emphasis must be placed upon safe 
operating procedures.
    Unit 2.3--Basic maneuvers. This unit must provide instruction 
addressing the basic vehicular maneuvers that will be encountered by LCV 
drivers. This must include instruction relative to backing, lane 
positioning and path selection, merging situations, and parking LCVs. 
Emphasis must be placed upon safe operating procedures as they apply to 
brake performance and directional stability while accelerating, braking, 
merging, cornering, turning, and parking.
    Unit 2.4--Turning, steering, and tracking. This unit must provide 
instruction addressing turning situations, steering maneuvers, and the 
tracking of LCV trailers. This must include instruction related to 
trailer sway and off-tracking. Emphasis must be placed on maintaining 
directional stability.
    Unit 2.5--Proficiency development: basic operations. The purpose of 
this unit is to enable driver-students to gain the proficiency in basic 
operation needed to safely undertake on-street instruction in the Safe 
Operations Practices section of the curriculum.
    The activities of this unit must consist of driving exercises that 
provide practice for the development of basic control skills and mastery 
of basic maneuvers. Driver-students practice skills and maneuvers 
learned in the Basic Control and Handling; Basic Maneuvers; and Turning, 
Steering and Tracking units. A series of basic exercises is practiced at 
off-highway locations until students develop sufficient proficiency for 
transition to on-street driving.
    Once the driver-student's skills have been measured and found 
adequate, the driver-student must be allowed to move to on-the-street 
driving.
    Nearly all activity in this unit will take place on the driving 
range or on streets or roads that have low-density traffic conditions.

                   Section 3--Safe Operating Practices

    The units in this section must cover the interaction between student 
drivers, the vehicle, and the traffic environment. They must teach 
driver-students how to apply their basic operating skills in a way that 
ensures their safety and that of other road users under various road, 
weather, and traffic conditions.
    Unit 3.1--Interacting with traffic. This unit must provide 
instruction addressing the principles of visual search, communication,

[[Page 201]]

and sharing the road with other traffic. Emphasis must be placed upon 
visual search, mirror usage, signaling and/or positioning the vehicle to 
communicate, and understanding the special situations encountered by LCV 
drivers in various traffic situations.
    Unit 3.2--Speed and space management. This unit must provide 
instruction addressing the principles of speed and space management. 
Emphasis must be placed upon maintaining safe vehicular speed and 
appropriate space surrounding the vehicle under various traffic and road 
conditions. Particular attention must be placed upon understanding the 
special situations encountered by LCVs in various traffic situations.
    Unit 3.3--Night operations. This unit must provide instruction 
addressing the principles of Night Operations. Emphasis must be placed 
upon the factors affecting operation of LCVs at night. Night driving 
presents specific factors that require special attention on the part of 
the driver. Changes in vehicle safety inspection, vision, 
communications, speed management, and space management are needed to 
deal with the special problems night driving presents.
    Unit 3.4--Extreme driving conditions. This unit must provide 
instruction addressing the driving of LCVs under extreme driving 
conditions. Emphasis must be placed upon the factors affecting the 
operation of LCVs in cold, hot, and inclement weather and in the 
mountains and desert. Changes in basic driving habits are needed to deal 
with the specific problems presented by these extreme driving 
conditions.
    Unit 3.5--Security issues. This unit must include a discussion of 
security requirements imposed by the Department of Homeland Security, 
Transportation Security Administration; the U.S. Department of 
Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration; 
and any other State or Federal agency with responsibility for highway or 
motor carrier security.
    Unit 3.6--Proficiency development. This unit must provide driver-
students an opportunity to refine, within the on-street traffic 
environment, their vehicle handling skills learned in the first three 
sections. Driver-student performance progress must be closely monitored 
to determine when the level of proficiency required for carrying out the 
basic traffic maneuvers of stopping, turning, merging, straight driving, 
curves, lane changing, passing, driving on hills, driving through 
traffic restrictions, and parking has been attained. The driver-student 
must also be assessed for regulatory compliance with all traffic laws.
    Nearly all activity in this unit will take place on public roadways 
in a full range of traffic environments applicable to this vehicle 
configuration. This must include urban and rural uncontrolled roadways, 
expressways or freeways, under light, moderate, and heavy traffic 
conditions. There must be a brief classroom session to familiarize 
driver-students with the type of on-street maneuvers they will perform 
and how their performance will be rated.
    The instructor must assess the level of skill development of the 
driver-student and must increase in difficulty, based upon the level of 
skill attained, the types of maneuvers, roadways and traffic conditions 
to which the driver-student is exposed.

                     Section 4--Advanced Operations

    The units in this section must introduce higher level skills that 
can be acquired only after the more fundamental skills and knowledge 
taught in sections two and three have been mastered. They must teach the 
perceptual skills necessary to recognize potential hazards, and must 
demonstrate the procedures needed to handle an LCV when faced with a 
hazard.
    The Maintenance and Trouble-shooting Unit must provide instruction 
that addresses how to keep the vehicle in safe and efficient operating 
condition. The purpose of this unit is to teach the correct way to 
perform simple maintenance tasks, and how to troubleshoot and report 
those vehicle discrepancies or deficiencies that must be repaired by a 
qualified mechanic.
    Unit 4.1--Hazard perception. This unit must provide instruction 
addressing the principles of recognizing hazards in sufficient time to 
reduce the severity of the hazard and neutralize a possible emergency 
situation. While hazards are present in all motor vehicle traffic 
operations, some are peculiar to LCV operations. Emphasis must be placed 
upon hazard recognition, visual search, and response to possible 
emergency-producing situations encountered by LCV drivers in various 
traffic situations.
    Unit 4.2--Hazardous situations. This unit must address dealing with 
specific procedures appropriate for LCV emergencies. These must include 
evasive steering, emergency braking, off-road recovery, brake failures, 
tire blowouts, rearward amplification, hydroplaning, skidding, 
jackknifing and the rollover phenomenon. The discussion must include a 
review of unsafe acts and the role they play in producing hazardous 
situations.
    Unit 4.3--Maintenance and trouble-shooting. This unit must introduce 
driver-students to the basic servicing and checking procedures for the 
various vehicle components and provide knowledge of conducting 
preventive maintenance functions, making simple emergency repairs, and 
diagnosing and reporting vehicle malfunctions.

                    Section 5--Non-Driving Activities

    The units in this section must cover activities that are not 
directly related to the vehicle itself but must be performed by an LCV

[[Page 202]]

driver. The units in this section must ensure these activities are 
performed in a manner that ensures the safety of the driver, vehicle, 
cargo, and other road users.
    Unit 5.1--Routes and trip planning. This unit must address the 
importance of and requirements for planning routes and trips. This must 
include classroom discussion of Federal and State requirements for a 
number of topics including permits, vehicle size and weight limitations, 
designated highways, local access, the reasonable access rule, staging 
areas, and access zones.
    Unit 5.2--Cargo and weight considerations. This unit must address 
the importance of proper cargo documentation, loading, securing and 
unloading cargo, weight distribution, load sequencing and trailer 
placement. Emphasis must be placed on the importance of axle weight 
distribution, as well as on trailer placement and its effect on vehicle 
handling.

[69 FR 29404, May 21, 2004, as amended at 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013. 
Redesignated at 81 FR 88794, Dec. 8, 2016]



PART 381_WAIVERS, EXEMPTIONS, AND PILOT PROGRAMS--Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
381.100 What is the purpose of this part?
381.105 Who is required to comply with the rules in this part?
381.110 What definitions are applicable to this part?

               Subpart B_Procedures for Requesting Waivers

381.200 What is a waiver?
381.205 How do I determine when I may request a waiver?
381.210 How do I request a waiver?
381.215 What will the FMCSA do after the agency receives my request for 
          a waiver?
381.220 How long will it take the agency to respond to my request for a 
          waiver?
381.225 Who should I contact if I have questions about the information I 
          am required to submit to the FMCSA or about the status of my 
          request for a waiver?

            Subpart C_Procedures for Applying for Exemptions

381.300 What is an exemption?
381.305 How do I determine when I may apply for an exemption?
381.310 How do I apply for an exemption?
381.315 What will the FMCSA do after the agency receives my application 
          for an exemption?
381.317 May I resubmit my application for exemption if it is denied?
381.320 How long will it take the agency to respond to my application 
          for an exemption?
381.325 Who should I contact if I have questions about the information I 
          am required to submit to the FMCSA or about the status of my 
          application for an exemption?
381.330 What am I required to do if the FMCSA grants my application for 
          an exemption?

                 Subpart D_Initiation of Pilot Programs

381.400 What is a pilot program?
381.405 Who determines whether a pilot program should be initiated?
381.410 What may I do if I have an idea or suggestion for a pilot 
          program?
381.415 Who should I contact if I have questions about the information 
          to be included in my suggestion?
381.420 What will the FMCSA do after the agency receives my suggestion 
          for a pilot program?

         Subpart E_Administrative Procedures for Pilot Programs

381.500 What are the general requirements the agency must satisfy in 
          conducting a pilot program?
381.505 What are the minimum elements required for a pilot program?
381.510 May the FMCSA end a pilot program before its scheduled 
          completion date?
381.515 May the FMCSA remove approved participants from a pilot program?
381.520 What will the FMCSA do with the results from a pilot program?

                   Subpart F_Preemption of State Rules

381.600 Do waivers, exemptions, and pilot programs preempt State laws 
          and regulations?

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 31136(e), 31315; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 381 appear at 66 FR 
49872, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  381.100  What is the purpose of this part?

    This part prescribes the rules and procedures for requesting waivers 
and applying for exemptions from those provisions of the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) which were issued on the authority 
of 49

[[Page 203]]

U.S.C. 31136 or chapter 313, and the initiation and administration of 
pilot programs.



Sec.  381.105  Who is required to comply with the rules in this part?

    (a) You must comply with the rules in this part if you are going to 
request a waiver or apply for an exemption.
    (b) You should follow the instructions in subpart D of this part if 
you would like to recommend the agency initiate a pilot program.



Sec.  381.110  What definitions are applicable to this part?

    Commercial motor vehicle means any motor vehicle that meets the 
definition of ``commercial motor vehicle'' found at 49 CFR 382.107 
concerning controlled substances and alcohol use and testing, 49 CFR 
383.5 concerning commercial driver's license standards, or 49 CFR 390.5 
concerning parts 390 through 399 of the FMCSRs.
    Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator (the Administrator) means 
the chief executive of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
an agency within the Department of Transportation.
    FMCSRs means Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (49 CFR parts 
380, 382, 383, and 384; 49 CFR 390.19 and 390.21; and 49 CFR parts 391 
through 393, 395, 396, and 399).
    You means an individual or motor carrier or other entity that is, or 
will be, responsible for the operation of a CMV(s). The term includes a 
motor carrier's agents, officers and representatives as well as 
employees responsible for hiring, supervising, training, assigning, or 
dispatching of drivers and employees concerned with the installation, 
inspection, and maintenance of motor vehicle equipment and/or 
accessories. You also includes any interested party who would like to 
suggest or recommend that the FMCSA initiate a pilot program.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 80 FR 59072, Oct. 1, 2015; 86 
FR 35639, July 7, 2021]



               Subpart B_Procedures for Requesting Waivers



Sec.  381.200  What is a waiver?

    (a) A waiver is temporary regulatory relief from one or more FMCSR 
given to a person subject to the regulations, or a person who intends to 
engage in an activity that would be subject to the regulations.
    (b) A waiver provides the person with relief from the regulations 
for up to three months.
    (c) A waiver is intended for nonemergency and unique events, and is 
subject to conditions imposed by the Administrator.
    (d) Waivers may only be granted from one or more of the requirements 
contained in the following parts and sections of the FMCSRs:
    (1) Part 380--Special Training Requirements;
    (2) Part 382--Controlled Substances and Alcohol Use and Testing;
    (3) Part 383--Commercial Driver's License Standards; Requirements 
and Penalties;
    (4) Part 384--State Compliance with Commercial Driver's License 
Program;
    (5) Sec.  390.19 Motor Carrier Identification Report;
    (6) Sec.  390.21 Marking of commercial motor vehicles;
    (7) Part 391--Qualifications of Drivers;
    (8) Part 392--Driving of Commercial Motor Vehicles;
    (9) Part 393--Parts and Accessories Necessary for Safe Operation;
    (10) Part 395--Hours of Service of Drivers;
    (11) Part 396--Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance (except Sec.  
396.25); and
    (12) Part 399--Step, Handhold and Deck Requirements.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 86 FR 35639, July 7, 2021; 86 
FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  381.205  How do I determine when I may request a waiver?

    (a) You may request a waiver if one or more FMCSR would prevent you 
from using or operating CMVs, or make it unreasonably difficult to do 
so, during a unique, non-emergency event that will take no more than 
three months to complete.

[[Page 204]]

    (b) Before you decide to request a waiver, you should carefully 
review the regulation to determine whether there are any practical 
alternatives already available that would allow your use or operation of 
CMVs during the event. You should also determine whether you need a 
waiver from all of the requirements in one or more parts of the 
regulations, or whether a more limited waiver of certain sections within 
one or more of the parts of the regulations would provide an acceptable 
level of regulatory relief. For example, if you need relief from one of 
the recordkeeping requirements concerning driver qualifications, you 
should not request relief from all of the requirements of part 391.



Sec.  381.210  How do I request a waiver?

    (a) You must send a written request (for example, a typed or 
handwritten (printed) letter), which includes all of the information 
required by this section, to the Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-
0001.
    (b) You must identify the person who would be covered by the waiver. 
The application for a waiver must include:
    (1) Your name, job title, mailing address, and daytime telephone 
number;
    (2) The name of the individual, motor carrier, or other entity that 
would be responsible for the use or operation of CMVs during the unique, 
non-emergency event;
    (3) Principal place of business for the motor carrier or other 
entity (street address, city, State, and zip code); and
    (4) The USDOT identification number for the motor carrier, if 
applicable.
    (c) You must provide a written statement that:
    (1) Describes the unique, non-emergency event for which the waiver 
would be used, including the time period during which the waiver is 
needed;
    (2) Identifies the regulation that you believe needs to be waived;
    (3) Provides an estimate of the total number of drivers and CMVs 
that would be operated under the terms and conditions of the waiver; and
    (4) Explains how you would ensure that you could achieve a level of 
safety that is equivalent to, or greater than, the level of safety that 
would be obtained by complying with the regulation.

[72 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 72 FR 55699, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  381.215  What will the FMCSA do after the agency receives my 
request for a waiver?

    (a) The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration will review your 
request and make a recommendation to the Administrator. The final 
decision whether to grant or deny the application for a waiver will be 
made by the Administrator.
    (b) After a decision is signed by the Administrator, you will be 
sent a copy of the document, which will include the terms and conditions 
for the waiver or the reason for denying the application for a waiver.



Sec.  381.220  How long will it take the agency to respond to my request
for a waiver?

    You should receive a response from the agency within 60 calendar 
days from the date the Administrator receives your request. However, 
depending on the complexity of the issues discussed in your application, 
and the availability of staff to review the material, a final decision 
may take up to 120 days.



Sec.  381.225  Who should I contact if I have questions about the 
information I am required to submit to the FMCSA or about the status of 
my request for a waiver?

    You should contact the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Bus and Truck Standards and Operations (MC-PS), 1200 New 
Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 72 FR 55699, Oct. 1, 2007]



            Subpart C_Procedures for Applying for Exemptions



Sec.  381.300  What is an exemption?

    (a) An exemption is temporary regulatory relief from one or more 
FMCSR given to a person or class of persons subject to the regulations, 
or who intend to engage in an activity that

[[Page 205]]

would make them subject to the regulations.
    (b) An exemption provides the person or class of persons with relief 
from the regulations for up to 5 years, and may be renewed, upon 
request, for subsequent 5-year periods.
    (c) Exemptions may only be granted from one or more of the 
requirements contained in the following parts and sections of the 
FMCSRs:
    (1) Part 380--Special Training Requirements;
    (2) Part 382--Controlled Substances and Alcohol Use and Testing;
    (3) Part 383--Commercial Driver's License Standards; Requirements 
and Penalties;
    (4) Part 384--State Compliance with Commercial Driver's License 
Program;
    (5) Part 391--Qualifications of Drivers;
    (6) Part 392--Driving of Commercial Motor Vehicles;
    (7) Part 393--Parts and Accessories Necessary for Safe Operation;
    (8) Part 395--Hours of Service of Drivers;
    (9) Part 396--Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance (except for Sec.  
396.25); and
    (10) Part 399--Step, Handhold and Deck Requirements.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 81 FR 47720, July 22, 2016; 86 
FR 35639, July 7, 2021]



Sec.  381.305  How do I determine when I may apply for an exemption?

    (a) You may apply for an exemption if one or more FMCSR prevents you 
from implementing more efficient or effective operations that would 
maintain a level of safety equivalent to, or greater than, the level 
achieved without the exemption.
    (b) Before you decide to apply for an exemption you should carefully 
review the regulation to determine whether there are any practical 
alternatives already available that would allow you to conduct your 
motor carrier operations. You should also determine whether you need an 
exemption from all of the requirements in one or more parts of the 
regulations, or whether a more limited exemption from certain sections 
within one or more parts of the regulations would provide an acceptable 
level of regulatory relief. For example, if you need regulatory relief 
from one of the recordkeeping requirements concerning driver 
qualifications, you should not request regulatory relief from all of the 
requirements of part 391.



Sec.  381.310  How do I apply for an exemption?

    (a) You must send a written request (for example, a typed or 
handwritten (printed) letter), which includes all of the information 
required by this section, to the Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-
0001.
    (b) You must identify the person or class of persons who would be 
covered by the exemption. The application for an exemption must include:
    (1) Your name, job title, mailing address, and daytime telephone 
number;
    (2) The name of the individual or motor carrier that would be 
responsible for the use or operation of CMVs;
    (3) Principal place of business for the motor carrier (street 
address, city, State, and zip code); and
    (4) The USDOT identification number for the motor carrier.
    (c) You must provide a written statement that:
    (1) Describes the reason the exemption is needed, including the time 
period during which it is needed;
    (2) Identifies the regulation from which you would like to be 
exempted;
    (3) Provides an estimate of the total number of drivers and CMVs 
that would be operated under the terms and conditions of the exemption;
    (4) Assesses the safety impacts the exemption may have;
    (5) Explains how you would ensure that you could achieve a level of 
safety that is equivalent to, or greater than, the level of safety that 
would be obtained by complying with the regulation; and
    (6) Describes the impacts (e.g., inability to test innovative safety 
management control systems, etc.) you could experience if the exemption 
is not granted by the FMCSA.
    (d) Your application must include a copy of all research reports, 
technical

[[Page 206]]

papers, and other publications and documents you reference.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 72 FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007; 69 
FR 29404, May 21, 2004, 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  381.315  What will the FMCSA do after the agency receives my 
application for an exemption?

    (a) The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration will review your 
application and prepare, for the Administrator's signature, a Federal 
Register notice requesting public comment on your application for an 
exemption. The notice will give the public an opportunity to review your 
request and your safety assessment or analysis (required by Sec.  
381.310) and any other relevant information known to the agency.
    (b) After a review of the comments received in response to the 
Federal Register notice described in paragraph (a) of this section, the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration will make a 
recommendation(s) to the Administrator to either to grant or deny the 
exemption. Notice of the Administrator's decision will be published in 
the Federal Register.
    (c)(1) If the exemption is granted, the notice will identify the 
provisions of the FMCSRs from which you will be exempt, the effective 
period, and all terms and conditions of the exemption.
    (2) If the exemption is denied, the notice will explain the reason 
for the denial.
    (d) A copy of your application for an exemption and all comments 
received in response to the Federal Register notice will be included in 
a public docket and be available for review by interested parties.
    (1) Interested parties may view the information contained in the 
docket by visiting the Department of Transportation, Docket Management 
Facility, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. All 
information in the exemption docket will be available for examination at 
this address from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., e.t., Monday through Friday, except 
Federal holidays.
    (2) Internet users can access all information received by the 
Department of Transportation, Docket Management Facility by using the 
Federal Docket Management System using the uniform resources locator 
(URL): http://www.regulations.gov. It is available 24 hours each day, 
365 days each year. Please follow the instructions online for more 
information and help.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 72 FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  381.317  May I resubmit my application for exemption if it is denied?

    If the Administrator denies your application for exemption and you 
can reasonably address the reasons for denial, you may resubmit your 
application following the procedures in Sec.  381.310.

[81 FR 47720, July 22, 2016]



Sec.  381.320  How long will it take the agency to respond to my 
application for an exemption?

    The agency will attempt to issue a final decision within 180 days of 
the date it receives your application. However, if you leave out 
important details or other information necessary for the FMCSA to 
prepare a meaningful request for public comments, the agency will 
attempt to issue a final decision within 180 days of the date it 
receives the additional information.



Sec.  381.325  Who should I contact if I have questions about the
information I am required to submit to the FMCSA or about the status of
my application for an exemption?

    You should contact the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Bus and Truck Standards and Operations (MC-PS), 1200 New 
Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 72 FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  381.330  What am I required to do if the FMCSA grants my 
application for an exemption?

    (a) You must comply with all the terms and conditions of the 
exemption.
    (b) The FMCSA will immediately revoke your exemption if:
    (1) You fail to comply with the terms and conditions of the 
exemption;
    (2) The exemption has resulted in a lower level of safety than was 
maintained before the exemption was granted; or

[[Page 207]]

    (3) Continuation of the exemption is determined by the FMCSA to be 
inconsistent with the goals and objectives of the FMCSRs.



                 Subpart D_Initiation of Pilot Programs



Sec.  381.400  What is a pilot program?

    (a) A pilot program is a study in which temporary regulatory relief 
from one or more FMCSR is given to a person or class of persons subject 
to the regulations, or a person or class of persons who intend to engage 
in an activity that would be subject to the regulations.
    (b) During a pilot program, the participants would be given an 
exemption from one or more sections or parts of the regulations for a 
period of up to three years.
    (c) A pilot program is intended for use in collecting specific data 
for evaluating alternatives to the regulations or innovative approaches 
to safety while ensuring that the safety performance goals of the 
regulations are satisfied.
    (d) The number of participants in the pilot program must be large 
enough to ensure statistically valid findings.
    (e) Pilot programs must include an oversight plan to ensure that 
participants comply with the terms and conditions of participation, and 
procedures to protect the health and safety of study participants and 
the general public.
    (f) Exemptions for pilot programs may be granted only from one or 
more of the requirements contained in the following parts and sections 
of the FMCSRs:
    (1) Part 380--Special Training Requirements;
    (2) Part 382--Controlled Substances and Alcohol Use and Testing;
    (3) Part 383--Commercial Driver's License Standards; Requirements 
and Penalties;
    (4) Part 384--State Compliance with Commercial Driver's License 
Program;
    (5) Part 391--Qualifications of Drivers;
    (6) Part 392--Driving of Commercial Motor Vehicles;
    (7) Part 393--Parts and Accessories Necessary for Safe Operation;
    (8) Part 395--Hours of Service of Drivers;
    (9) Part 396--Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance (except for Sec.  
396.25); and
    (10) Part 399--Step, Handhold and Deck Requirements.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 86 FR 35639, July 7, 2021]



Sec.  381.405  Who determines whether a pilot program should be 
initiated?

    (a) Generally, pilot programs are initiated by the FMCSA when the 
agency determines that there may be an effective alternative to one or 
more of the requirements in the FMCSRs, but does not have sufficient 
research data to support the development of a notice of proposed 
rulemaking to change the regulation.
    (b) You may request the FMCSA to initiate a pilot program. However, 
the decision of whether to propose a pilot program will be made at the 
discretion of the FMCSA. The FMCSA is not required to publish a notice 
in the Federal Register requesting public comment on your ideas or 
suggestions for pilot programs.



Sec.  381.410  What may I do if I have an idea or suggestion for a 
pilot program?

    (a) You may send a written statement (for example, a typed or 
handwritten (printed) letter) to the Administrator, Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 
20590-0001.
    (b) You should identify the persons or class of persons who would be 
covered by the pilot program exemptions. Your letter should include:
    (1) Your name, job title, mailing address, and daytime telephone 
number;
    (2) The name of the individuals or motor carrier that would be 
responsible for the use or operation of CMVs covered by the pilot 
program, if there are motor carriers that have expressed an interest in 
participating in the program;
    (3) Principal place of business for the motor carrier (street 
address, city, State, and zip code); and
    (4) The USDOT identification number for the motor carrier.
    (c) You should provide a written statement that:

[[Page 208]]

    (1) Presents your estimate of the potential benefits to the motor 
carrier industry, the FMCSA, and the general public if the pilot program 
is conducted, and describes how you developed your estimate;
    (2) Estimates of the amount of time that would be needed to conduct 
the pilot program (e.g., the time needed to complete the collection and 
analysis of data);
    (3) Identifies the regulation from which the participants would need 
to be exempted;
    (4) Recommends a reasonable number of participants necessary to 
yield statistically valid findings;
    (5) Provides ideas or suggestions for a monitoring plan to ensure 
that participants comply with the terms and conditions of participation;
    (6) Provides ideas or suggestions for a plan to protect the health 
and safety of study participants and the general public.
    (7) Assesses the safety impacts the pilot program exemption may 
have; and
    (8) Provides recommendations on how the safety measures in the pilot 
project would be designed to achieve a level of safety that is 
equivalent to, or greater than, the level of safety that would be 
obtained by complying with the regulation.
    (d) Your recommendation should include a copy of all research 
reports, technical papers, publications and other documents you 
reference.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 72 FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007; 78 
FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  381.415  Who should I contact if I have questions about the 
information to be included in my suggestion?

    You should contact the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Bus and Truck Standards and Operations (MC-PS), 1200 New 
Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 72 FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  381.420  What will the FMCSA do after the agency receives my 
suggestion for a pilot program?

    (a) The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration will review your 
suggestion for a pilot program and make a recommendation to the 
Administrator. The final decision whether to propose the development of 
a pilot program based upon your recommendation will be made by the 
Administrator.
    (b) You will be sent a copy of the Administrator's decision. If the 
pilot program is approved, the agency will follow the administrative 
procedures contained in subpart E of this part.



         Subpart E_Administrative Procedures for Pilot Programs



Sec.  381.500  What are the general requirements the agency must satisfy
in conducting a pilot program?

    (a) The FMCSA may conduct pilot programs to evaluate alternatives to 
regulations, or innovative approaches, concerning motor carrier, CMV, 
and driver safety.
    (b) Pilot programs may include exemptions from the regulations 
listed in Sec.  381.400(f) of this part.
    (c) Pilot programs must, at a minimum, include all of the program 
elements listed in Sec.  381.505.
    (d) The FMCSA will publish a detailed description of each pilot 
program, including the exemptions to be considered, and provide notice 
and an opportunity for public comment before the effective date of the 
pilot program.

[63 FR 67608, Dec. 8, 1998, as amended at 78 FR 60231, Oct. 1, 2013]



Sec.  381.505  What are the minimum elements required for a pilot program?

    (a) Safety measures. Before granting exemptions for a pilot program, 
the FMCSA will ensure that the safety measures in a pilot program are 
designed to achieve a level of safety that is equivalent to, or greater 
than, the level of safety that would be achieved by complying with the 
regulations.
    (b) Pilot program plan. Before initiating a pilot program, the FMCSA 
will ensure that there is a pilot program plan which includes the 
following elements:

[[Page 209]]

    (1) A scheduled duration of three years or less;
    (2) A specific data collection and safety analysis plan that 
identifies a method of comparing the safety performance for motor 
carriers, CMVs, and drivers operating under the terms and conditions of 
the pilot program, with the safety performance of motor carriers, CMVs, 
and drivers that comply with the regulation;
    (3) A reasonable number of participants necessary to yield 
statistically valid findings;
    (4) A monitoring plan to ensure that participants comply with the 
terms and conditions of participation in the pilot program;
    (5) Adequate safeguards to protect the health and safety of study 
participants and the general public; and
    (6) A plan to inform the States and the public about the pilot 
program and to identify approved participants to enforcement personnel 
and the general public.



Sec.  381.510  May the FMCSA end a pilot program before its scheduled
completion date?

    The FMCSA will immediately terminate a pilot program if there is 
reason to believe the program is not achieving a level of safety that is 
at least equivalent to the level of safety that would be achieved by 
complying with the regulations.



Sec.  381.515  May the FMCSA remove approved participants from a pilot
program?

    The Administrator will immediately revoke participation in a pilot 
program of a motor carrier, CMV, or driver for failure to comply with 
the terms and conditions of the pilot program, or if continued 
participation is inconsistent with the goals and objectives of the 
safety regulations.



Sec.  381.520  What will the FMCSA do with the results from a pilot
program?

    At the conclusion of each pilot program, the FMCSA will report to 
Congress the findings and conclusions of the program and any 
recommendations it considers appropriate, including suggested amendments 
to laws and regulations that would enhance motor carrier, CMV, and 
driver safety and improve compliance with the FMCSRs.



                   Subpart F_Preemption of State Rules



Sec.  381.600  Do waivers, exemptions, and pilot programs preempt State
laws and regulations?

    Yes. During the time period that a waiver, exemption, or pilot 
program authorized by this part is in effect, no State shall enforce any 
law or regulation that conflicts with or is inconsistent with the 
waiver, exemption, or pilot program with respect to a person operating 
under the waiver or exemption or participating in the pilot program.



PART 382_CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES AND ALCOHOL USE AND TESTING-
-Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
382.101 Purpose
382.103 Applicability.
382.105 Testing procedures.
382.107 Definitions.
382.109 Preemption of State and local laws.
382.111 Other requirements imposed by employers.
382.113 Requirements for notice.
382.115 Starting date for testing programs.
382.117 Public interest exclusion.
382.119 Stand-down waiver provision.
382.121 Employee admission of alcohol and controlled substances use.
382.123 Driver identification.

                         Subpart B_Prohibitions

382.201 Alcohol concentration.
382.205 On-duty use.
382.207 Pre-duty use.
382.209 Use following an accident.
382.211 Refusal to submit to a required alcohol or controlled substances 
          test.
382.213 Controlled substances use.
382.215 Controlled substances testing.
382.217 Employer responsibilities.

                        Subpart C_Tests Required

382.301 Pre-employment testing.
382.303 Post-accident testing.
382.305 Random testing.
382.307 Reasonable suspicion testing.
382.309 Return-to-duty testing.
382.311 Follow-up testing.

[[Page 210]]

       Subpart D_Handling of Test Results, Record Retention, and 
                             Confidentiality

382.401 Retention of records.
382.403 Reporting of results in a management information system.
382.405 Access to facilities and records.
382.407 Medical review officer notifications to the employer.
382.409 Medical review officer or consortium/third party administrator 
          record retention for controlled substances.
382.411 Employer notifications.
382.413 Inquiries for alcohol and controlled substances information from 
          previous employers.
382.415 Notification to employers of a controlled substances or alcohol 
          testing program violation.

  Subpart E_Consequences for Drivers Engaging in Substance Use-Related 
                                 Conduct

382.501 Removal from safety-sensitive function.
382.503 Required evaluation and testing, reinstatement of commercial 
          driving privilege.
382.505 Other alcohol-related conduct.
382.507 Penalties.

  Subpart F_Alcohol Misuse and Controlled Substances Use Information, 
                         Training, and Referral

382.601 Employer obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of 
          alcohol and use of controlled substances.
382.603 Training for supervisors.
382.605 Referral, evaluation, and treatment.

    Subpart G_Requirements and Procedures for Implementation of the 
       Commercial Driver's License Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse

382.701 Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.
382.703 Driver consent to permit access to information in the 
          Clearinghouse.
382.705 Reporting to the Clearinghouse.
382.707 Notice to drivers of entry, revision, removal, or release of 
          information.
382.709 Drivers' access to information in the Clearinghouse.
382.711 Clearinghouse registration.
382.713 Duration, cancellation, and revocation of access.
382.715 Authorization to enter information into the Clearinghouse.
382.717 Procedures for correcting certain information in the database.
382.719 Availability and removal of information.
382.721 Fees.
382.723 Unauthorized access or use prohibited.
382.725 Access by State licensing authorities.
382.727 Penalties.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 31133, 31136, 31301 et seq., 31502; sec. 32934 
of Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 830; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, unless otherwise noted.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  382.101  Purpose.

    The purpose of this part is to establish programs designed to help 
prevent accidents and injuries resulting from the misuse of alcohol or 
use of controlled substances by drivers of commercial motor vehicles.



Sec.  382.103  Applicability.

    (a) This part applies to service agents and to every person and to 
all employers of such persons who operate a commercial motor vehicle in 
commerce in any State and are subject to:
    (1) The commercial driver's license requirements of part 383 of this 
subchapter;
    (2) The Licencia Federal de Conductor (Mexico) requirements; or
    (3) The commercial drivers license requirements of the Canadian 
National Safety Code.
    (b) An employer who employs himself/herself as a driver must comply 
with both the requirements in this part that apply to employers and the 
requirements in this part that apply to drivers. An employer who employs 
only himself/herself as a driver shall implement a random alcohol and 
controlled substances testing program of two or more covered employees 
in the random testing selection pool.
    (c) The exceptions contained in Sec.  390.3(f) of this subchapter do 
not apply to this part. The employers and drivers identified in Sec.  
390.3(f) of this subchapter must comply with the requirements of this 
part, unless otherwise specifically provided in paragraph (d) of this 
section.
    (d) Exceptions. This part shall not apply to employers and their 
drivers:
    (1) Required to comply only with the alcohol and/or controlled 
substances testing requirements of part 655 of this title (Federal 
Transit Administration

[[Page 211]]

alcohol and controlled substances testing regulations); or
    (2) Who a State must waive from the requirements of part 383 of this 
subchapter. These individuals include active duty military personnel; 
members of the reserves; and members of the national guard on active 
duty, including personnel on full-time national guard duty, personnel on 
part-time national guard training and national guard military 
technicians (civilians who are required to wear military uniforms), and 
active duty U.S. Coast Guard personnel; or
    (3) Who a State has, at its discretion, exempted from the 
requirements of part 383 of this subchapter. These individuals may be:
    (i) Operators of a farm vehicle which is:
    (A) Controlled and operated by a farmer;
    (B) Used to transport either agricultural products, farm machinery, 
farm supplies, or both to or from a farm;
    (C) Not used in the operations of a for-hire motor carrier, except 
for an exempt motor carrier as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this 
subchapter; and
    (D) Used within 241 kilometers (150 miles) of the farmer's farm.
    (ii) Firefighters or other persons who operate commercial motor 
vehicles which are necessary for the preservation of life or property or 
the execution of emergency governmental functions, are equipped with 
audible and visual signals, and are not subject to normal traffic 
regulation.
    (4) Who operate ``covered farm vehicles,'' as defined in 49 CFR 
390.5.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 78 FR 16194, Mar. 14, 2013; 
81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016; 81 FR 71016, Oct. 14, 2016; 81 FR 87724, Dec. 
5, 2016; 86 FR 35639, July 7, 2021]



Sec.  382.105  Testing procedures.

    Each employer shall ensure that all alcohol or controlled substances 
testing conducted under this part complies with the procedures set forth 
in part 40 of this title. The provisions of part 40 of this title that 
address alcohol or controlled substances testing are made applicable to 
employers by this part.



Sec.  382.107  Definitions.

    Words or phrases used in this part are defined in Sec. Sec.  386.2 
and 390.5 of this subchapter, and Sec.  40.3 of this title, except as 
provided in this section--
    Actual knowledge for the purpose of subpart B of this part, means 
actual knowledge by an employer that a driver has used alcohol or 
controlled substances based on the employer's direct observation of the 
employee, information provided by the driver's previous employer(s), a 
traffic citation for driving a CMV while under the influence of alcohol 
or controlled substances or an employee's admission of alcohol or 
controlled substance use, except as provided in Sec.  382.121. Direct 
observation as used in this definition means observation of alcohol or 
controlled substances use and does not include observation of employee 
behavior or physical characteristics sufficient to warrant reasonable 
suspicion testing under Sec.  382.307. As used in this section, 
``traffic citation'' means a ticket, complaint, or other document 
charging driving a CMV while under the influence of alcohol or 
controlled substances.
    Alcohol means the intoxicating agent in beverage alcohol, ethyl 
alcohol, or other low molecular weight alcohols including methyl and 
isopropyl alcohol.
    Alcohol concentration (or content) means the alcohol in a volume of 
breath expressed in terms of grams of alcohol per 210 liters of breath 
as indicated by an evidential breath test under this part.
    Alcohol use means the drinking or swallowing of any beverage, liquid 
mixture or preparation (including any medication), containing alcohol.
    Commerce means:
    (1) Any trade, traffic or transportation within the jurisdiction of 
the United States between a place in a State and a place outside of such 
State, including a place outside of the United States; or
    (2) Trade, traffic, and transportation in the United States which 
affects any trade, traffic, and transportation described in paragraph 
(1) of this definition.
    Commercial Driver's License Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse 
(Clearinghouse)

[[Page 212]]

means the FMCSA database that subpart G of this part requires employers 
and service agents to report information to and to query regarding 
drivers who are subject to the DOT controlled substance and alcohol 
testing regulations.
    Commercial motor vehicle means a motor vehicle or combination of 
motor vehicles used in commerce to transport passengers or property if 
the vehicle
    (1) Has a gross combination weight rating or gross combination 
weight of 11,794 kilograms or more (26,001 pounds or more), whichever is 
greater, inclusive of a towed unit(s) with a gross vehicle weight rating 
or gross vehicle weight of more than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds), 
whichever is greater; or
    (2) Has a gross vehicle weight rating or gross vehicle weight of 
11,794 or more kilograms (26,001 or more pounds), whichever is greater; 
or
    (3) Is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the 
driver; or
    (4) Is of any size and is used in the transportation of materials 
found to be hazardous for the purposes of the Hazardous Materials 
Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 5103(b)) and which require the motor 
vehicle to be placarded under the Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 
CFR part 172, subpart F).
    Confirmation (or confirmatory) drug test means a second analytical 
procedure performed on a urine or oral fluid specimen to identify and 
quantify the presence of a specific drug or drug metabolite.
    Confirmation (or confirmatory) validity test means a second test 
performed on a urine or oral fluid specimen to further support a 
validity test result.
    Confirmed drug test means a confirmation test result received by an 
MRO from a laboratory.
    Consortium/Third party administrator (C/TPA) means a service agent 
that provides or coordinates one or more drug and/or alcohol testing 
services to DOT-regulated employers. C/TPAs typically provide or 
coordinate the provision of a number of such services and perform 
administrative tasks concerning the operation of the employers' drug and 
alcohol testing programs. This term includes, but is not limited to, 
groups of employers who join together to administer, as a single entity, 
the DOT drug and alcohol testing programs of its members (e.g., having a 
combined random testing pool). C/TPAs are not ``employers'' for purposes 
of this part, except as provided in Sec.  382.705(c).
    Controlled substances mean those substances identified in Sec.  
40.82 of this title.
    Designated employer representative (DER) is an individual identified 
by the employer as able to receive communications and test results from 
service agents and who is authorized to take immediate actions to remove 
employees from safety-sensitive duties and to make required decisions in 
the testing and evaluation processes. The individual must be an employee 
of the company. Service agents cannot serve as DERs.
    Disabling damage means damage which precludes departure of a motor 
vehicle from the scene of the accident in its usual manner in daylight 
after simple repairs.
    (1) Inclusions. Damage to motor vehicles that could have been 
driven, but would have been further damaged if so driven.
    (2) Exclusions. (i) Damage which can be remedied temporarily at the 
scene of the accident without special tools or parts.
    (ii) Tire disablement without other damage even if no spare tire is 
available.
    (iii) Headlight or taillight damage.
    (iv) Damage to turn signals, horn, or windshield wipers which make 
them inoperative.
    DOT Agency means an agency (or ``operating administration'') of the 
United States Department of Transportation administering regulations 
requiring alcohol and/or drug testing (14 CFR parts 61, 63, 65, 121, and 
135; 49 CFR parts 199, 219, 382, and 655), in accordance with part 40 of 
this title.
    Driver means any person who operates a commercial motor vehicle. 
This includes, but is not limited to: Full time, regularly employed 
drivers; casual, intermittent or occasional drivers; leased drivers and 
independent owner-operator contractors.

[[Page 213]]

    Employer means a person or entity employing one or more employees 
(including an individual who is self-employed) that is subject to DOT 
agency regulations requiring compliance with this part. The term, as 
used in this part, means the entity responsible for overall 
implementation of DOT drug and alcohol program requirements, including 
individuals employed by the entity who take personnel actions resulting 
from violations of this part and any applicable DOT agency regulations. 
Service agents are not employers for the purposes of this part.
    Licensed medical practitioner means a person who is licensed, 
certified, and/or registered, in accordance with applicable Federal, 
State, local, or foreign laws and regulations, to prescribe controlled 
substances and other drugs.
    Negative return-to-duty test result means a return-to-duty test with 
a negative drug result and/or an alcohol test with an alcohol 
concentration of less than 0.02, as described in Sec.  40.305 of this 
title.
    Performing (a safety-sensitive function) means a driver is 
considered to be performing a safety-sensitive function during any 
period in which he or she is actually performing, ready to perform, or 
immediately available to perform any safety-sensitive functions.
    Positive rate for random drug testing means the number of verified 
positive results for random drug tests conducted under this part plus 
the number of refusals of random drug tests required by this part, 
divided by the total number of random drug tests results (i.e., 
positives, negatives, and refusals) under this part.
    Refuse to submit (to an alcohol or controlled substances test) means 
that a driver:
    (1) Fail to appear for any test (except a pre-employment test) 
within a reasonable time, as determined by the employer, consistent with 
applicable DOT agency regulations, after being directed to do so by the 
employer. This includes the failure of an employee (including an owner-
operator) to appear for a test when called by a C/TPA (see Sec.  
40.61(a) of this title);
    (2) Fail to remain at the testing site until the testing process is 
complete. Provided, that an employee who leaves the testing site before 
the testing process commences (see Sec.  40.63(c) of this title) a pre-
employment test is not deemed to have refused to test;
    (3) Fail to provide a urine or oral fluid specimen for any drug test 
required by this part or DOT agency regulations. Provided, that an 
employee who does not provide a urine or oral fluid specimen because he 
or she has left the testing site before the testing process commences 
(see Sec.  40.63(c) of this title) for a pre-employment test is not 
deemed to have refused to test;
    (4) In the case of a directly observed or monitored collection in a 
drug test, fails to permit the observation or monitoring of the driver's 
provision of a specimen (see Sec. Sec.  40.67(l) and 40.69(g) of this 
title);
    (5) Fail to provide a sufficient amount of urine or oral fluid when 
directed, and it has been determined, through a required medical 
evaluation, that there was no adequate medical explanation for the 
failure (see Sec.  40.193(d)(2) of this title);
    (6) Fail or declines to take a second test the employer or collector 
has directed the driver to take;
    (7) Fail to undergo a medical examination or evaluation, as directed 
by the MRO as part of the verification process, or as directed by the 
DER under Sec.  40.193(d) of this title. In the case of a pre-employment 
drug test, the employee is deemed to have refused to test on this basis 
only if the pre-employment test is conducted following a contingent 
offer of employment;
    (8) Fail to cooperate with any part of the testing process (e.g., 
refuse to empty pockets when so directed by the collector, behave in a 
confrontational way that disrupts the collection process); or
    (9) Is reported by the MRO as having a verified adulterated or 
substituted test result.
    Safety-sensitive function means all time from the time a driver 
begins to work or is required to be in readiness to work until the time 
he/she is relieved from work and all responsibility for performing work. 
Safety-sensitive functions shall include:

[[Page 214]]

    (1) All time at an employer or shipper plant, terminal, facility, or 
other property, or on any public property, waiting to be dispatched, 
unless the driver has been relieved from duty by the employer;
    (2) All time inspecting equipment as required by Sec. Sec.  392.7 
and 392.8 of this subchapter or otherwise inspecting, servicing, or 
conditioning any commercial motor vehicle at any time;
    (3) All time spent at the driving controls of a commercial motor 
vehicle in operation;
    (4) All time, other than driving time, in or upon any commercial 
motor vehicle except time spent resting in a sleeper berth (a berth 
conforming to the requirements of Sec.  393.76 of this subchapter);
    (5) All time loading or unloading a vehicle, supervising, or 
assisting in the loading or unloading, attending a vehicle being loaded 
or unloaded, remaining in readiness to operate the vehicle, or in giving 
or receiving receipts for shipments loaded or unloaded; and
    (6) All time repairing, obtaining assistance, or remaining in 
attendance upon a disabled vehicle.
    Screening test (or initial test) means:
    (1) In drug testing, a test to eliminate ``negative'' urine or oral 
fluid specimens from further analysis or to identify a specimen that 
requires additional testing for the presence of drugs.
    (2) In alcohol testing, an analytical procedure to determine whether 
an employee may have a prohibited concentration of alcohol in a breath 
or saliva specimen.
    Stand-down means the practice of temporarily removing an employee 
from the performance of safety-sensitive functions based only on a 
report from a laboratory to the MRO of a confirmed positive test for a 
drug or drug metabolite, an adulterated test, or a substituted test, 
before the MRO has completed verification of the test results.
    Violation rate for random alcohol testing means the number of 0.04 
and above random alcohol confirmation test results conducted under this 
part plus the number of refusals of random alcohol tests required by 
this part, divided by the total number of random alcohol screening tests 
(including refusals) conducted under this part.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 68 FR 75458, Dec. 31, 2003; 
77 FR 59825, Oct. 1, 2012; 81 FR 87724, Dec. 5, 2016; 83 FR 48726, Sept. 
27, 2018; 84 FR 51432, Sept. 30, 2019; 86 FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021; 88 FR 
27653, May 2, 2023]



Sec.  382.109  Preemption of State and local laws.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this part 
preempts any State or local law, rule, regulation, or order to the 
extent that:
    (1) Compliance with both the State or local requirement in this part 
is not possible; or
    (2) Compliance with the State or local requirement is an obstacle to 
the accomplishment and execution of any requirement in this part.
    (b) This part shall not be construed to preempt provisions of State 
criminal law that impose sanctions for reckless conduct leading to 
actual loss of life, injury, or damage to property, whether the 
provisions apply specifically to transportation employees, employers, or 
the general public.



Sec.  382.111  Other requirements imposed by employers.

    Except as expressly provided in this part, nothing in this part 
shall be construed to affect the authority of employers, or the rights 
of drivers, with respect to the use of alcohol, or the use of controlled 
substances, including authority and rights with respect to testing and 
rehabilitation.



Sec.  382.113  Requirement for notice.

    Before performing each alcohol or controlled substances test under 
this part, each employer shall notify a driver that the alcohol or 
controlled substances test is required by this part. No employer shall 
falsely represent that a test is administered under this part.



Sec.  382.115  Starting date for testing programs.

    (a) All domestic-domiciled employers must implement the requirements 
of this part on the date the employer begins commercial motor vehicle 
operations.

[[Page 215]]

    (b) All foreign-domiciled employers must implement the requirements 
of this part on the date the employer begins commercial motor vehicle 
operations in the United States.



Sec.  382.117  Public interest exclusion.

    No employer shall use the services of a service agent who is subject 
to public interest exclusion in accordance with 49 CFR part 40, Subpart 
R.



Sec.  382.119  Stand-down waiver provision.

    (a) Employers are prohibited from standing employees down, except 
consistent with a waiver from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration as required under this section.
    (b) An employer subject to this part who seeks a waiver from the 
prohibition against standing down an employee before the MRO has 
completed the verification process shall follow the procedures in 49 CFR 
40.21. The employer must send a written request, which includes all of 
the information required by that section to the Administrator, Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., 
Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (c) The final decision whether to grant or deny the application for 
a waiver will be made by the Administrator or the Administrator's 
designee.
    (d) After a decision is signed by the Administrator or the 
Administrator's designee, the employer will be sent a copy of the 
decision, which will include the terms and conditions for the waiver or 
the reason for denying the application for a waiver.
    (e) Questions regarding waiver applications should be directed to 
the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Office of Safety 
Programs (MC-SS), 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 72 FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007; 87 
FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  382.121  Employee admission of alcohol and controlled substances
use.

    (a) Employees who admit to alcohol misuse or controlled substances 
use are not subject to the referral, evaluation and treatment 
requirements of this part and part 40 of this title, provided that:
    (1) The admission is in accordance with a written employer-
established voluntary self-identification program or policy that meets 
the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section;
    (2) The driver does not self-identify in order to avoid testing 
under the requirements of this part;
    (3) The driver makes the admission of alcohol misuse or controlled 
substances use prior to performing a safety sensitive function (i.e., 
prior to reporting for duty); and
    (4) The driver does not perform a safety sensitive function until 
the employer is satisfied that the employee has been evaluated and has 
successfully completed education or treatment requirements in accordance 
with the self-identification program guidelines.
    (b) A qualified voluntary self-identification program or policy must 
contain the following elements:
    (1) It must prohibit the employer from taking adverse action against 
an employee making a voluntary admission of alcohol misuse or controlled 
substances use within the parameters of the program or policy and 
paragraph (a) of this section;
    (2) It must allow the employee sufficient opportunity to seek 
evaluation, education or treatment to establish control over the 
employee's drug or alcohol problem;
    (3) It must permit the employee to return to safety sensitive duties 
only upon successful completion of an educational or treatment program, 
as determined by a drug and alcohol abuse evaluation expert, i.e., 
employee assistance professional, substance abuse professional, or 
qualified drug and alcohol counselor;
    (4) It must ensure that:
    (i) Prior to the employee participating in a safety sensitive 
function, the employee shall undergo a non-DOT return to duty test with 
a result indicating an alcohol concentration of less than 0.02; and/or
    (ii) Prior to the employee participating in a safety sensitive 
function, the employee shall undergo a non-DOT return to duty controlled 
substance

[[Page 216]]

test with a verified negative test result for controlled substances use; 
and
    (5) It may incorporate employee monitoring and include non-DOT 
follow-up testing.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 86 FR 35639, July 7, 2021]



Sec.  382.123  Driver identification.

    (a) Identification information on the Alcohol Testing Form (ATF). 
For each alcohol test performed under this part, the employer shall 
provide the driver's commercial driver's license number and State of 
issuance in Step 1, Section B of the ATF.
    (b) Identification information on the Federal Drug Testing Custody 
and Control Form (CCF). For each controlled substance test performed 
under this part, the employer shall provide the following information, 
which must be recorded as follows:
    (1) The driver's commercial driver's license number and State of 
issuance in Step 1, section C of the CCF.
    (2) The employer's name and other identifying information required 
in Step 1, section A of the CCF.

[81 FR 87724, Dec. 5, 2016, as amended at 86 FR 35639, July 7, 2021]



                         Subpart B_Prohibitions



Sec.  382.201  Alcohol concentration.

    No driver shall report for duty or remain on duty requiring the 
performance of safety-sensitive functions while having an alcohol 
concentration of 0.04 or greater. No employer having knowledge that a 
driver has an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater shall permit the 
driver to perform or continue to perform safety-sensitive functions.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 77 FR 4483, Jan. 30, 2012]



Sec.  382.205  On-duty use.

    No driver shall use alcohol while performing safety-sensitive 
functions. No employer having actual knowledge that a driver is using 
alcohol while performing safety-sensitive functions shall permit the 
driver to perform or continue to perform safety-sensitive functions.



Sec.  382.207  Pre-duty use.

    No driver shall perform safety-sensitive functions within four hours 
after using alcohol. No employer having actual knowledge that a driver 
has used alcohol within four hours shall permit a driver to perform or 
continue to perform safety-sensitive functions.



Sec.  382.209  Use following an accident.

    No driver required to take a post-accident alcohol test under Sec.  
382.303 shall use alcohol for eight hours following the accident, or 
until he/she undergoes a post-accident alcohol test, whichever occurs 
first.



Sec.  382.211  Refusal to submit to a required alcohol or controlled
substances test.

    No driver shall refuse to submit to a pre-employment controlled 
substance test required under Sec.  382.301, a post-accident alcohol or 
controlled substance test required under Sec.  382.303, a random alcohol 
or controlled substances test required under Sec.  382.305, a reasonable 
suspicion alcohol or controlled substance test required under Sec.  
382.307, a return-to-duty alcohol or controlled substances test required 
under Sec.  382.309, or a follow-up alcohol or controlled substance test 
required under Sec.  382.311. No employer shall permit a driver who 
refuses to submit to such tests to perform or continue to perform 
safety-sensitive functions.

[77 FR 4483, Jan. 30, 2012]



Sec.  382.213  Controlled substance use.

    (a) No driver shall report for duty or remain on duty requiring the 
performance of safety sensitive functions when the driver uses any drug 
or substance identified in 21 CFR 1308.11 Schedule I.
    (b) No driver shall report for duty or remain on duty requiring the 
performance of safety-sensitive functions when the driver uses any non-
Schedule I drug or substance that is identified in the other Schedules 
in 21 CFR part 1308 except when the use is pursuant to the instructions 
of a licensed medical practitioner, as defined in Sec.  382.107, who is 
familiar with the driver's medical history and has advised the driver 
that the substance will not adversely affect

[[Page 217]]

the driver's ability to safely operate a commercial motor vehicle.
    (c) No employer having actual knowledge that a driver has used a 
controlled substance shall permit the driver to perform or continue to 
perform a safety-sensitive function.
    (d) An employer may require a driver to inform the employer of any 
therapeutic drug use.

[77 FR 4483, Jan. 30, 2012]



Sec.  382.215  Controlled substances testing.

    No driver shall report for duty, remain on duty or perform a safety-
sensitive function, if the driver tests positive or has adulterated or 
substituted a test specimen for controlled substances. No employer 
having knowledge that a driver has tested positive or has adulterated or 
substituted a test specimen for controlled substances shall permit the 
driver to perform or continue to perform safety-sensitive functions.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 77 FR 4483, Jan. 30, 2012]



Sec.  382.217  Employer responsibilities.

    No employer may allow, require, permit or authorize a driver to 
operate a commercial motor vehicle during any period in which an 
employer determines that a driver is not in compliance with the return-
to-duty requirements in 49 CFR part 40, subpart O, after the occurrence 
of any of the following events:
    (a) The driver receives a positive, adulterated, or substituted drug 
test result conducted under part 40 of this title.
    (b) The driver receives an alcohol confirmation test result of 0.04 
or higher alcohol concentration conducted under part 40 of this title.
    (c) The driver refused to submit to a test for drugs or alcohol 
required under this part.
    (d) The driver used alcohol prior to a post-accident alcohol test in 
violation of Sec.  382.209.
    (e) An employer has actual knowledge, as defined at Sec.  382.107, 
that a driver has:
    (1) Used alcohol while performing safety-sensitive functions in 
violation of Sec.  382.205;
    (2) Used alcohol within four hours of performing safety-sensitive 
functions in violation of Sec.  382.207; or
    (3) Used a controlled substance.

[81 FR 87724, Dec. 5, 2016]



                        Subpart C_Tests Required



Sec.  382.301  Pre-employment testing.

    (a) Prior to the first time a driver performs safety-sensitive 
functions for an employer, the driver shall undergo testing for 
controlled substances as a condition prior to being used, unless the 
employer uses the exception in paragraph (b) of this section. No 
employer shall allow a driver, who the employer intends to hire or use, 
to perform safety-sensitive functions unless the employer has received a 
controlled substances test result from the MRO or C/TPA indicating a 
verified negative test result for that driver.
    (b) An employer is not required to administer a controlled 
substances test required by paragraph (a) of this section if:
    (1) The driver has participated in a controlled substances testing 
program that meets the requirements of this part within the previous 30 
days; and
    (2) While participating in that program, either:
    (i) Was tested for controlled substances within the past 6 months 
(from the date of application with the employer), or
    (ii) Participated in the random controlled substances testing 
program for the previous 12 months (from the date of application with 
the employer); and
    (3) The employer ensures that no prior employer of the driver of 
whom the employer has knowledge has records of a violation of this part 
or the controlled substances use rule of another DOT agency within the 
previous six months.
    (c)(1) An employer who exercises the exception in paragraph (b) of 
this section shall contact the controlled substances testing program(s) 
in which the driver participates or participated and

[[Page 218]]

shall obtain and retain from the testing program(s) the following 
information:
    (i) Name(s) and address(es) of the program(s).
    (ii) Verification that the driver participates or participated in 
the program(s).
    (iii) Verification that the program(s) conforms to part 40 of this 
title.
    (iv) Verification that the driver is qualified under the rules of 
this part, including that the driver has not refused to be tested for 
controlled substances.
    (v) The date the driver was last tested for controlled substances.
    (vi) The results of any tests taken within the previous six months 
and any other violations of subpart B of this part.
    (2) An employer who uses, but does not employ a driver more than 
once a year to operate commercial motor vehicles must obtain the 
information in paragraph (c)(1) of this section at least once every six 
months. The records prepared under this paragraph shall be maintained in 
accordance with Sec.  382.401. If the employer cannot verify that the 
driver is participating in a controlled substances testing program in 
accordance with this part and part 40 of this title, the employer shall 
conduct a pre-employment controlled substances test.
    (d) An employer may, but is not required to, conduct pre-employment 
alcohol testing under this part. If an employer chooses to conduct pre-
employment alcohol testing, it must comply with the following 
requirements:
    (1) It must conduct a pre-employment alcohol test before the first 
performance of safety-sensitive functions by every covered employee 
(whether a new employee or someone who has transferred to a position 
involving the performance of safety-sensitive functions).
    (2) It must treat all safety-sensitive employees performing safety-
sensitive functions the same for the purpose of pre-employment alcohol 
testing (i.e., it must not test some covered employees and not others).
    (3) It must conduct the pre-employment tests after making a 
contingent offer of employment or transfer, subject to the employee 
passing the pre-employment alcohol test.
    (4) It must conduct all pre-employment alcohol tests using the 
alcohol testing procedures of 49 CFR part 40 of this title.
    (5) It must not allow a covered employee to begin performing safety-
sensitive functions unless the result of the employee's test indicates 
an alcohol concentration of less than 0.04.



Sec.  382.303  Post-accident testing.

    (a) As soon as practicable following an occurrence involving a 
commercial motor vehicle operating on a public road in commerce, each 
employer shall test for alcohol for each of its surviving drivers:
    (1) Who was performing safety-sensitive functions with respect to 
the vehicle, if the accident involved the loss of human life; or
    (2) Who receives a citation within 8 hours of the occurrence under 
State or local law for a moving traffic violation arising from the 
accident, if the accident involved:
    (i) Bodily injury to any person who, as a result of the injury, 
immediately receives medical treatment away from the scene of the 
accident; or
    (ii) One or more motor vehicles incurring disabling damage as a 
result of the accident, requiring the motor vehicle to be transported 
away from the scene by a tow truck or other motor vehicle.
    (b) As soon as practicable following an occurrence involving a 
commercial motor vehicle operating on a public road in commerce, each 
employer shall test for controlled substances for each of its surviving 
drivers:
    (1) Who was performing safety-sensitive functions with respect to 
the vehicle, if the accident involved the loss of human life; or
    (2) Who receives a citation within thirty-two hours of the 
occurrence under State or local law for a moving traffic violation 
arising from the accident, if the accident involved:
    (i) Bodily injury to any person who, as a result of the injury, 
immediately receives medical treatment away from the scene of the 
accident; or
    (ii) One or more motor vehicles incurring disabling damage as a 
result of

[[Page 219]]

the accident, requiring the motor vehicle to be transported away from 
the scene by a tow truck or other motor vehicle.
    (c) The following table notes when a post-accident test is required 
to be conducted by paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2), (b)(1), and (b)(2) of this 
section:

                                       Table for Sec.   382.303(a) and (b)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                      Citation issued to        Test must be
                     Type of accident involved                          the CMV driver     performed by employer
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
i. Human fatality.................................................                   YES                    YES
                                                                                      NO                    YES
ii. Bodily injury with immediate medical treatment away from the                     YES                    YES
 scene............................................................                    NO                     NO
iii. Disabling damage to any motor vehicle requiring tow away.....                   YES                    YES
                                                                                      NO                     NO
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d)(1) Alcohol tests. If a test required by this section is not 
administered within two hours following the accident, the employer shall 
prepare and maintain on file a record stating the reasons the test was 
not promptly administered. If a test required by this section is not 
administered within eight hours following the accident, the employer 
shall cease attempts to administer an alcohol test and shall prepare and 
maintain the same record. Records shall be submitted to the FMCSA upon 
request.
    (2) Controlled substance tests. If a test required by this section 
is not administered within 32 hours following the accident, the employer 
shall cease attempts to administer a controlled substances test, and 
prepare and maintain on file a record stating the reasons the test was 
not promptly administered. Records shall be submitted to the FMCSA upon 
request.
    (e) A driver who is subject to post-accident testing shall remain 
readily available for such testing or may be deemed by the employer to 
have refused to submit to testing. Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to require the delay of necessary medical attention for 
injured people following an accident or to prohibit a driver from 
leaving the scene of an accident for the period necessary to obtain 
assistance in responding to the accident, or to obtain necessary 
emergency medical care.
    (f) An employer shall provide drivers with necessary post-accident 
information, procedures and instructions, prior to the driver operating 
a commercial motor vehicle, so that drivers will be able to comply with 
the requirements of this section.
    (g)(1) The results of a breath or blood test for the use of alcohol, 
conducted by Federal, State, or local law enforcement or public safety 
officials having independent authority for the test, shall be considered 
to meet the requirements of this section, provided such tests conform to 
the applicable Federal, State or local alcohol testing requirements, and 
that the results of the tests are obtained by the employer.
    (2) The results of a urine test for the use of controlled 
substances, conducted by Federal, State, or local law enforcement or 
public safety officials having independent authority for the test, shall 
be considered to meet the requirements of this section, provided such 
tests conform to the applicable Federal, State or local controlled 
substances testing requirements, and that the results of the tests are 
obtained by the employer.
    (h) Exception. This section does not apply to:
    (1) An occurrence involving only boarding or alighting from a 
stationary motor vehicle; or
    (2) An occurrence involving only the loading or unloading of cargo; 
or
    (3) An occurrence in the course of the operation of a passenger car 
or a multipurpose passenger vehicle (as defined in Sec.  571.3 of this 
title) by an employer unless the motor vehicle is transporting 
passengers for hire or hazardous materials of a type and quantity that 
require the motor vehicle to

[[Page 220]]

be marked or placarded in accordance with Sec.  177.823 of this title.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 87 FR 59035, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  382.305  Random testing.

    (a) Every employer shall comply with the requirements of this 
section. Every driver shall submit to random alcohol and controlled 
substance testing as required in this section.
    (b)(1) Except as provided in paragraphs (c) through (e) of this 
section, the minimum annual percentage rate for random alcohol testing 
shall be 10 percent of the average number of driver positions.
    (2) Except as provided in paragraphs (f) through (h) of this 
section, the minimum annual percentage rate for random controlled 
substances testing shall be 50 percent of the average number of driver 
positions.
    (c) The FMCSA Administrator's decision to increase or decrease the 
minimum annual percentage rate for alcohol testing is based on the 
reported violation rate for the entire industry. All information used 
for this determination is drawn from the alcohol management information 
system reports required by Sec.  382.403. In order to ensure reliability 
of the data, the FMCSA Administrator considers the quality and 
completeness of the reported data, may obtain additional information or 
reports from employers, and may make appropriate modifications in 
calculating the industry violation rate. In the event of a change in the 
annual percentage rate, the FMCSA Administrator will publish in the 
Federal Register the new minimum annual percentage rate for random 
alcohol testing of drivers. The new minimum annual percentage rate for 
random alcohol testing will be applicable starting January 1 of the 
calendar year following publication in the Federal Register.
    (d)(1) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random alcohol 
testing is 25 percent or more, the FMCSA Administrator may lower this 
rate to 10 percent of all driver positions if the FMCSA Administrator 
determines that the data received under the reporting requirements of 
Sec.  382.403 for two consecutive calendar years indicate that the 
violation rate is less than 0.5 percent.
    (2) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random alcohol 
testing is 50 percent, the FMCSA Administrator may lower this rate to 25 
percent of all driver positions if the FMCSA Administrator determines 
that the data received under the reporting requirements of Sec.  382.403 
for two consecutive calendar years indicate that the violation rate is 
less than 1.0 percent but equal to or greater than 0.5 percent.
    (e)(1) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random alcohol 
testing is 10 percent, and the data received under the reporting 
requirements of Sec.  382.403 for that calendar year indicate that the 
violation rate is equal to or greater than 0.5 percent, but less than 
1.0 percent, the FMCSA Administrator will increase the minimum annual 
percentage rate for random alcohol testing to 25 percent for all driver 
positions.
    (2) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random alcohol 
testing is 25 percent or less, and the data received under the reporting 
requirements of Sec.  382.403 for that calendar year indicate that the 
violation rate is equal to or greater than 1.0 percent, the FMCSA 
Administrator will increase the minimum annual percentage rate for 
random alcohol testing to 50 percent for all driver positions.
    (f) The FMCSA Administrator's decision to increase or decrease the 
minimum annual percentage rate for controlled substances testing is 
based on the reported positive rate for the entire industry. All 
information used for this determination is drawn from the controlled 
substances management information system reports required by Sec.  
382.403. In order to ensure reliability of the data, the FMCSA 
Administrator considers the quality and completeness of the reported 
data, may obtain additional information or reports from employers, and 
may make appropriate modifications in calculating the industry positive 
rate. In the event of a change in the annual percentage rate, the FMCSA 
Administrator will publish in the Federal Register the new minimum 
annual percentage rate for controlled substances testing of drivers.

[[Page 221]]

The new minimum annual percentage rate for random controlled substances 
testing will be applicable starting January 1 of the calendar year 
following publication in the Federal Register.
    (g) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random controlled 
substances testing is 50 percent, the FMCSA Administrator may lower this 
rate to 25 percent of all driver positions if the FMCSA Administrator 
determines that the data received under the reporting requirements of 
Sec.  382.403 for two consecutive calendar years indicate that the 
positive rate is less than 1.0 percent.
    (h) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random controlled 
substances testing is 25 percent, and the data received under the 
reporting requirements of Sec.  382.403 for any calendar year indicate 
that the reported positive rate is equal to or greater than 1.0 percent, 
the FMCSA Administrator will increase the minimum annual percentage rate 
for random controlled substances testing to 50 percent of all driver 
positions.
    (i)(1) The selection of drivers for random alcohol and controlled 
substances testing shall be made by a scientifically valid method, such 
as a random number table or a computer-based random number generator 
that is matched with drivers' Social Security numbers, payroll 
identification numbers, or other comparable identifying numbers.
    (2) Each driver selected for random alcohol and controlled 
substances testing under the selection process used, shall have an equal 
chance of being tested each time selections are made.
    (3) Each driver selected for testing shall be tested during the 
selection period.
    (j)(1)To calculate the total number of covered drivers eligible for 
random testing throughout the year, as an employer, you must add the 
total number of covered drivers eligible for testing during each random 
testing period for the year and divide that total by the number of 
random testing periods. Covered employees, and only covered employees, 
are to be in an employer's random testing pool, and all covered drivers 
must be in the random pool. If you are an employer conducting random 
testing more often than once per month (e.g., daily, weekly, bi-weekly) 
you do not need to compute this total number of covered drivers rate 
more than on a once per month basis.
    (2) As an employer, you may use a service agent (e.g., a C/TPA) to 
perform random selections for you, and your covered drivers may be part 
of a larger random testing pool of covered employees. However, you must 
ensure that the service agent you use is testing at the appropriate 
percentage established for your industry and that only covered employees 
are in the random testing pool.
    (k)(1) Each employer shall ensure that random alcohol and controlled 
substances tests conducted under this part are unannounced.
    (2) Each employer shall ensure that the dates for administering 
random alcohol and controlled substances tests conducted under this part 
are spread reasonably throughout the calendar year.
    (l) Each employer shall require that each driver who is notified of 
selection for random alcohol and/or controlled substances testing 
proceeds to the test site immediately; provided, however, that if the 
driver is performing a safety-sensitive function, other than driving a 
commercial motor vehicle, at the time of notification, the employer 
shall instead ensure that the driver ceases to perform the safety-
sensitive function and proceeds to the testing site as soon as possible.
    (m) A driver shall only be tested for alcohol while the driver is 
performing safety-sensitive functions, just before the driver is to 
perform safety-sensitive functions, or just after the driver has ceased 
performing such functions.
    (n) If a given driver is subject to random alcohol or controlled 
substances testing under the random alcohol or controlled substances 
testing rules of more than one DOT agency for the same employer, the 
driver shall be subject to random alcohol and/or controlled substances 
testing at the annual percentage rate established for the calendar year 
by the DOT agency regulating more than 50 percent of the driver's 
function.
    (o) If an employer is required to conduct random alcohol or 
controlled substances testing under the alcohol or

[[Page 222]]

controlled substances testing rules of more than one DOT agency, the 
employer may--
    (1) Establish separate pools for random selection, with each pool 
containing the DOT-covered employees who are subject to testing at the 
same required minimum annual percentage rate; or
    (2) Randomly select such employees for testing at the highest 
minimum annual percentage rate established for the calendar year by any 
DOT agency to which the employer is subject.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 67 FR 61821, Oct. 2, 2002; 68 
FR 75459, Dec. 31, 2003; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016; 86 FR 57069, Oct. 
14, 2021]



Sec.  382.307  Reasonable suspicion testing.

    (a) An employer shall require a driver to submit to an alcohol test 
when the employer has reasonable suspicion to believe that the driver 
has violated the prohibitions of subpart B of this part concerning 
alcohol. The employer's determination that reasonable suspicion exists 
to require the driver to undergo an alcohol test must be based on 
specific, contemporaneous, articulable observations concerning the 
appearance, behavior, speech or body odors of the driver.
    (b) An employer shall require a driver to submit to a controlled 
substances test when the employer has reasonable suspicion to believe 
that the driver has violated the prohibitions of subpart B of this part 
concerning controlled substances. The employer's determination that 
reasonable suspicion exists to require the driver to undergo a 
controlled substances test must be based on specific, contemporaneous, 
articulable observations concerning the appearance, behavior, speech or 
body odors of the driver. The observations may include indications of 
the chronic and withdrawal effects of controlled substances.
    (c) The required observations for alcohol and/or controlled 
substances reasonable suspicion testing shall be made by a supervisor or 
company official who is trained in accordance with Sec.  382.603. The 
person who makes the determination that reasonable suspicion exists to 
conduct an alcohol test shall not conduct the alcohol test of the 
driver.
    (d) Alcohol testing is authorized by this section only if the 
observations required by paragraph (a) of this section are made during, 
just preceding, or just after the period of the work day that the driver 
is required to be in compliance with this part. A driver may be directed 
by the employer to only undergo reasonable suspicion testing while the 
driver is performing safety-sensitive functions, just before the driver 
is to perform safety-sensitive functions, or just after the driver has 
ceased performing such functions.
    (e)(1) If an alcohol test required by this section is not 
administered within two hours following the determination under 
paragraph (a) of this section, the employer shall prepare and maintain 
on file a record stating the reasons the alcohol test was not promptly 
administered. If an alcohol test required by this section is not 
administered within eight hours following the determination under 
paragraph (a) of this section, the employer shall cease attempts to 
administer an alcohol test and shall state in the record the reasons for 
not administering the test.
    (2) Notwithstanding the absence of a reasonable suspicion alcohol 
test under this section, no driver shall report for duty or remain on 
duty requiring the performance of safety-sensitive functions while the 
driver is under the influence of or impaired by alcohol, as shown by the 
behavioral, speech, and performance indicators of alcohol misuse, nor 
shall an employer permit the driver to perform or continue to perform 
safety-sensitive functions, until:
    (i) An alcohol test is administered and the driver's alcohol 
concentration measures less than 0.02; or
    (ii) Twenty four hours have elapsed following the determination 
under paragraph (a) of this section that there is reasonable suspicion 
to believe that the driver has violated the prohibitions in this part 
concerning the use of alcohol.
    (3) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, no 
employer shall take any action under this part against a driver based 
solely on the driver's behavior and appearance, with respect to

[[Page 223]]

alcohol use, in the absence of an alcohol test. This does not prohibit 
an employer with independent authority of this part from taking any 
action otherwise consistent with law.
    (f) A written record shall be made of the observations leading to an 
alcohol or controlled substances reasonable suspicion test, and signed 
by the supervisor or company official who made the observations, within 
24 hours of the observed behavior or before the results of the alcohol 
or controlled substances tests are released, whichever is earlier.



Sec.  382.309  Return-to-duty testing.

    The requirements for return-to-duty testing must be performed in 
accordance with 49 CFR part 40, subpart O.



Sec.  382.311  Follow-up testing.

    The requirements for follow-up testing must be performed in 
accordance with 49 CFR part 40, subpart O.



       Subpart D_Handling of Test Results, Records Retention, and 
                             Confidentiality



Sec.  382.401  Retention of records.

    (a) General requirement. Each employer shall maintain records of its 
alcohol misuse and controlled substances use prevention programs as 
provided in this section. The records shall be maintained in a secure 
location with controlled access.
    (b) Period of retention. Each employer shall maintain the records in 
accordance with the following schedule:
    (1) Five years. The following records shall be maintained for a 
minimum of five years:
    (i) Records of driver alcohol test results indicating an alcohol 
concentration of 0.02 or greater,
    (ii) Records of driver verified positive controlled substances test 
results,
    (iii) Documentation of refusals to take required alcohol and/or 
controlled substances tests,
    (iv) Driver evaluation and referrals,
    (v) Calibration documentation,
    (vi) Records related to the administration of the alcohol and 
controlled substances testing program, including records of all driver 
violations, and
    (vii) A copy of each annual calendar year summary required by Sec.  
382.403.
    (2) Two years. Records related to the alcohol and controlled 
substances collection process (except calibration of evidential breath 
testing devices) shall be maintained for a minimum of 2 years.
    (3) One year. Records of negative and canceled controlled substances 
test results and MRO reversal of canceled controlled substances test 
results (as defined in part 40 of this title) and alcohol test results 
with a concentration of less than 0.02 shall be maintained for a minimum 
of one year.
    (4) Indefinite period. Records related to the education and training 
of breath alcohol technicians, screening test technicians, supervisors, 
and drivers shall be maintained by the employer while the individual 
performs the functions which require the training and for two years 
after ceasing to perform those functions.
    (c) Types of records. The following specific types of records shall 
be maintained. ``Documents generated'' are documents that may have to be 
prepared under a requirement of this part. If the record is required to 
be prepared, it must be maintained.
    (1) Records related to the collection process:
    (i) Collection logbooks, if used;
    (ii) Documents relating to the random selection process;
    (iii) Calibration documentation for evidential breath testing 
devices;
    (iv) Documentation of breath alcohol technician training;
    (v) Documents generated in connection with decisions to administer 
reasonable suspicion alcohol or controlled substances tests;
    (vi) Documents generated in connection with decisions on post-
accident tests;
    (vii) Documents verifying existence of a medical explanation of the 
inability of a driver to provide adequate breath or to provide a urine 
or oral fluid specimen for testing; and
    (viii) A copy of each annual calendar year summary as required by 
Sec.  382.403.
    (2) Records related to a driver's test results:
    (i) The employer's copy of the alcohol test form, including the 
results of the test;

[[Page 224]]

    (ii) The employer's copy of the controlled substances test chain of 
custody and control form;
    (iii) Documents sent by the MRO to the employer, including those 
required by part 40, subpart G, of this title;
    (iv) Documents related to the refusal of any driver to submit to an 
alcohol or controlled substances test required by this part;
    (v) Documents presented by a driver to dispute the result of an 
alcohol or controlled substances test administered under this part; and
    (vi) Documents generated in connection with verifications of prior 
employers' alcohol or controlled substances test results that the 
employer:
    (A) Must obtain in connection with the exception contained in Sec.  
382.301, and
    (B) Must obtain as required by Sec.  382.413.
    (3) Records related to other violations of this part.
    (4) Records related to evaluations:
    (i) Records pertaining to a determination by a substance abuse 
professional concerning a driver's need for assistance; and
    (ii) Records concerning a driver's compliance with recommendations 
of the substance abuse professional.
    (5) Records related to education and training:
    (i) Materials on alcohol misuse and controlled substance use 
awareness, including a copy of the employer's policy on alcohol misuse 
and controlled substance use;
    (ii) Documentation of compliance with the requirements of Sec.  
382.601, including the driver's signed receipt of education materials;
    (iii) Documentation of training provided to supervisors for the 
purpose of qualifying the supervisors to make a determination concerning 
the need for alcohol and/or controlled substances testing based on 
reasonable suspicion;
    (iv) Documentation of training for breath alcohol technicians as 
required by Sec.  40.213(g) of this title; and
    (v) Certification that any training conducted under this part 
complies with the requirements for such training.
    (6) Administrative records related to alcohol and controlled 
substances testing:
    (i) Agreements with collection site facilities, laboratories, breath 
alcohol technicians, screening test technicians, medical review 
officers, consortia, and third party service providers;
    (ii) Names and positions of officials and their role in the 
employer's alcohol and controlled substances testing program(s);
    (iii) Semi-annual laboratory statistical summaries of urinalysis 
required by Sec.  40.111(a) of this title; and
    (iv) The employer's alcohol and controlled substances testing policy 
and procedures.
    (d) Location of records. All records required by this part shall be 
maintained as required by Sec.  390.29 of this subchapter and shall be 
made available for inspection at the employer's principal place of 
business within two business days after a request has been made by an 
authorized representative of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration.
    (e) OMB control number. (1) The information collection requirements 
of this part have been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget 
pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) 
and have been assigned OMB control number 2126-0012.
    (2) The information collection requirements of this part are found 
in the following sections: Sections 382.105, 382.113, 382.301, 382.303, 
382.305, 382.307, 382.401, 382.403, 382.405, 382.409, 382.411, 382.601, 
382.603.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 67 FR 61821, Oct. 2, 2002; 68 
FR 75459, Dec. 31, 2003; 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 87725, Dec. 
5, 2016; 88 FR 27653, May 2, 2023]



Sec.  382.403  Reporting of results in a management information system.

    (a) An employer shall prepare and maintain a summary of the results 
of its alcohol and controlled substances testing programs performed 
under this part during the previous calendar year, when requested by the 
Secretary of Transportation, any DOT agency, or any State or local 
officials with regulatory authority over the employer or any of its 
drivers.
    (b) If an employer is notified, during the month of January, of a 
request by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration to report the 
employer's

[[Page 225]]

annual calendar year summary information, the employer shall prepare and 
submit the report to the FMCSA by March 15 of that year. The employer 
shall ensure that the annual summary report is accurate and received by 
March 15 at the location that the FMCSA specifies in its request. The 
employer must use the Management Information System (MIS) form and 
instructions as required by 49 CFR part 40 (at Sec.  40.26 and appendix 
J to part 40). The employer may also use the electronic version of the 
MIS form provided by the DOT. The Administrator may designate means 
(e.g., electronic program transmitted via the Internet), other than 
hard-copy, for MIS form submission. For information on the electronic 
version of the form, see: http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safetyprogs/drugs/
engtesting.htm.
    (c) When the report is submitted to the FMCSA by mail or electronic 
transmission, the information requested shall be typed, except for the 
signature of the certifying official. Each employer shall ensure the 
accuracy and timeliness of each report submitted by the employer or a 
consortium.
    (d) If you have a covered employee who performs multi-DOT agency 
functions (e.g., an employee drives a commercial motor vehicle and 
performs pipeline maintenance duties for the same employer), count the 
employee only on the MIS report for the DOT agency under which he or she 
is randomly tested. Normally, this will be the DOT agency under which 
the employee performs more than 50% of his or her duties. Employers may 
have to explain the testing data for these employees in the event of a 
DOT agency inspection or audit.
    (e) A service agent (e.g., Consortium/Third party administrator as 
defined in 49 CFR 382.107) may prepare the MIS report on behalf of an 
employer. However, a company official (e.g., Designated employer 
representative as defined in Sec.  382.107) must certify the accuracy 
and completeness of the MIS report, no matter who prepares it.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 68 FR 75459, Dec. 31, 2003; 
78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013; 83 FR 22875, May 17, 2018; 88 FR 27653, May 
2, 2023]



Sec.  382.405  Access to facilities and records.

    (a) Except as required by law or expressly authorized or required in 
this section, no employer shall release driver information that is 
contained in records required to be maintained under Sec.  382.401.
    (b) A driver is entitled, upon written request, to obtain copies of 
any records pertaining to the driver's use of alcohol or controlled 
substances, including any records pertaining to his or her alcohol or 
controlled substances tests. The employer shall promptly provide the 
records requested by the driver. Access to a driver's records shall not 
be contingent upon payment for records other than those specifically 
requested.
    (c) Each employer shall permit access to all facilities utilized in 
complying with the requirements of this part to the Secretary of 
Transportation, any DOT agency, or any State or local officials with 
regulatory authority over the employer or any of its drivers.
    (d) Each employer, and each service agent who maintains records for 
an employer, must make available copies of all results for DOT alcohol 
and/or controlled substances testing conducted by the employer under 
this part and any other information pertaining to the employer's alcohol 
misuse and/or controlled substances use prevention program when 
requested by the Secretary of Transportation, any DOT agency, or any 
State or local officials with regulatory authority over the employer or 
any of its drivers.
    (e) When requested by the National Transportation Safety Board as a 
part of a crash investigation:
    (1) Employers must disclose information related to the employer's 
administration of a post-accident alcohol and/or a controlled substances 
test administered following the crash under investigation; and
    (2) FMCSA will provide access to information in the Clearinghouse 
concerning drivers who are involved with the crash under investigation.
    (f) Records shall be made available to a subsequent employer upon 
receipt of

[[Page 226]]

a written request from a driver. Disclosure by the subsequent employer 
is permitted only as expressly authorized by the terms of the driver's 
request.
    (g) An employer may disclose information required to be maintained 
under this part pertaining to a driver to the decision maker in a 
lawsuit, grievance, or administrative proceeding initiated by or on 
behalf of the individual, and arising from a positive DOT drug or 
alcohol test or a refusal to test (including, but not limited to, 
adulterated or substituted test results) of this part (including, but 
not limited to, a worker's compensation, unemployment compensation, or 
other proceeding relating to a benefit sought by the driver). 
Additionally, an employer may disclose information in criminal or civil 
actions in accordance with Sec.  40.323(a)(2) of this title.
    (h) An employer shall release information regarding a driver's 
records as directed by the specific written consent of the driver 
authorizing release of the information to an identified person. Release 
of such information by the person receiving the information is permitted 
only in accordance with the terms of the employee's specific written 
consent as outlined in Sec.  40.321(b) of this title.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016]



Sec.  382.407  Medical review officer notifications to the employer.

    Medical review officers shall report the results of controlled 
substances tests to employers in accordance with the requirements of 
part 40, Subpart G, of this title.



Sec.  382.409  Medical review officer or consortium/third party 
administrator record retention for controlled substances.

    (a) A medical review officer or third party administrator shall 
maintain all dated records and notifications, identified by individual, 
for a minimum of five years for verified positive controlled substances 
test results.
    (b) A medical review officer or third party administrator shall 
maintain all dated records and notifications, identified by individual, 
for a minimum of one year for negative and canceled controlled 
substances test results and MRO reversal of cancelled controlled 
substances test results.
    (c) No person may obtain the individual controlled substances test 
results retained by a medical review officer (MRO as defined in Sec.  
40.3 of this title) or a consortium/third party administrator (C/TPA as 
defined in Sec.  382.107), and no MRO or C/TPA may release the 
individual controlled substances test results of any driver to any 
person, without first obtaining a specific, written authorization from 
the tested driver. Nothing in this paragraph (c) shall prohibit a MRO or 
a C/TPA from releasing to the employer, the Clearinghouse, or to the 
Secretary of Transportation, any DOT agency, or any State or local 
officials with regulatory authority over the controlled substances and 
alcohol testing program under this part, the information delineated in 
part 40, subpart G, of this title.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016; 88 
FR 27653, May 2, 2023]



Sec.  382.411  Employer notifications.

    (a) An employer shall notify a driver of the results of a pre-
employment controlled substances test conducted under this part, if the 
driver requests such results within 60 calendar days of being notified 
of the disposition of the employment application. An employer shall 
notify a driver of the results of random, reasonable suspicion and post-
accident tests for controlled substances conducted under this part if 
the test results are verified positive. The employer shall also inform 
the driver which controlled substance or substances were verified as 
positive.
    (b) The designated employer representative shall make reasonable 
efforts to contact and request each driver who submitted a specimen 
under the employer's program, regardless of the driver's employment 
status, to contact and discuss the results of the controlled substances 
test with a medical review officer who has been unable to contact the 
driver.
    (c) The designated employer representative shall immediately notify 
the medical review officer that the

[[Page 227]]

driver has been notified to contact the medical review officer within 72 
hours.



Sec.  382.413  Inquiries for alcohol and controlled substances information
from previous employers.

    (a) Employers must request alcohol and controlled substances 
information from previous employers in accordance with the requirements 
of Sec.  40.25 of this title, except that the employer must request 
information from all DOT-regulated employers that employed the driver 
within the previous 3 years and the scope of the information requested 
must date back 3 years.
    (b) As of January 6, 2023, employers must use the Drug and Alcohol 
Clearinghouse in accordance with Sec.  382.701(a) to comply with the 
requirements of Sec.  40.25 of this title with respect to FMCSA-
regulated employers. Exception: When an employee who is subject to 
follow-up testing has not successfully completed all follow-up tests, 
employers must request the employee's follow-up testing plan directly 
from the previous employer in accordance with Sec.  40.25(b)(5) of this 
title.
    (c) If an applicant was subject to an alcohol and controlled 
substance testing program under the requirements of a DOT Agency other 
than FMCSA, the employer must request the alcohol and controlled 
substances information required under this section and Sec.  40.25 of 
this title directly from those employers regulated by a DOT Agency other 
than FMCSA.

[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016]



Sec.  382.415  Notification to employers of a controlled substances or 
alcohol testing program violation.

    Each person holding a commercial driver's license and subject to the 
DOT controlled substances and alcohol testing requirements in this part 
who has violated the alcohol and controlled substances prohibitions 
under part 40 of this title or this part without complying with the 
requirements of part 40, subpart O, must notify in writing all current 
employers of such violation(s). The driver is not required to provide 
notification to the employer that administered the test or documented 
the circumstances that gave rise to the violation. The notification must 
be made before the end of the business day following the day the 
employee received notice of the violation, or prior to performing any 
safety-sensitive function, whichever comes first.

[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016]



  Subpart E_Consequences for Drivers Engaging in Substance Use-Related 
                                 Conduct



Sec.  382.501  Removal from safety-sensitive function.

    (a) Except as provided in subpart F of this part, no driver shall 
perform safety-sensitive functions, including driving a commercial motor 
vehicle, if the driver has engaged in conduct prohibited by subpart B of 
this part or an alcohol or controlled substances rule of another DOT 
agency.
    (b) No employer shall permit any driver to perform safety-sensitive 
functions; including driving a commercial motor vehicle, if the employer 
has determined that the driver has violated this section.
    (c) For purposes of this subpart, commercial motor vehicle means a 
commercial motor vehicle in commerce as defined in Sec.  382.107, and a 
commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce as defined in part 390 
of this subchapter.



Sec.  382.503  Required evaluation and testing, reinstatement of commercial
driving privilege.

    (a) No driver who has engaged in conduct prohibited by subpart B of 
this part shall perform safety-sensitive functions, including driving a 
commercial motor vehicle, unless the driver has met the requirements of 
part 40, subpart O, of this title. No employer shall permit a driver who 
has engaged in conduct prohibited by subpart B of this part to perform 
safety-sensitive functions, including driving a commercial motor 
vehicle, unless the driver has met the requirements of part 40, subpart 
O, of this title.
    (b) No driver whose commercial driving privilege has been removed 
from the driver's license, pursuant to Sec.  382.501(a), shall drive a 
commercial motor vehicle until the State Driver

[[Page 228]]

Licensing Agency reinstates the CLP or CDL privilege to the driver's 
license.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 86 FR 55741, Oct. 7, 2021]



Sec.  382.505  Other alcohol-related conduct.

    (a) No driver tested under the provisions of subpart C of this part 
who is found to have an alcohol concentration of 0.02 or greater but 
less than 0.04 shall perform or continue to perform safety-sensitive 
functions for an employer, including driving a commercial motor vehicle, 
nor shall an employer permit the driver to perform or continue to 
perform safety-sensitive functions, until the start of the driver's next 
regularly scheduled duty period, but not less than 24 hours following 
administration of the test.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section, no employer 
shall take any action under this part against a driver based solely on 
test results showing an alcohol concentration less than 0.04. This does 
not prohibit an employer with authority independent of this part from 
taking any action otherwise consistent with law.



Sec.  382.507  Penalties.

    Any employer or driver who violates the requirements of this part 
shall be subject to the civil and/or criminal penalty provisions of 49 
U.S.C. 521(b). In addition, any employer or driver who violates the 
requirements of 49 CFR part 40 shall be subject to the civil and/or 
criminal penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. 521(b).



  Subpart F_Alcohol Misuse and Controlled Substances Use Information, 
                         Training, and Referral



Sec.  382.601  Employer obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse
of alcohol and use of controlled substances.

    (a) General requirements. Each employer shall provide educational 
materials that explain the requirements of this part and the employer's 
policies and procedures with respect to meeting these requirements.
    (1) The employer shall ensure that a copy of these materials is 
distributed to each driver prior to the start of alcohol and controlled 
substances testing under this part and to each driver subsequently hired 
or transferred into a position requiring driving a commercial motor 
vehicle.
    (2) Each employer shall provide written notice to representatives of 
employee organizations of the availability of this information.
    (b) Required content. The materials to be made available to drivers 
shall include detailed discussion of at least the following:
    (1) The identity of the person designated by the employer to answer 
driver questions about the materials;
    (2) The categories of drivers who are subject to the provisions of 
this part;
    (3) Sufficient information about the safety-sensitive functions 
performed by those drivers to make clear what period of the work day the 
driver is required to be in compliance with this part;
    (4) Specific information concerning driver conduct that is 
prohibited by this part;
    (5) The circumstances under which a driver will be tested for 
alcohol and/or controlled substances under this part, including post-
accident testing under Sec.  382.303(d);
    (6) The procedures that will be used to test for the presence of 
alcohol and controlled substances, protect the driver and the integrity 
of the testing processes, safeguard the validity of the test results, 
and ensure that those results are attributed to the correct driver, 
including post-accident information, procedures and instructions 
required by Sec.  382.303(d);
    (7) The requirement that a driver submit to alcohol and controlled 
substances tests administered in accordance with this part;
    (8) An explanation of what constitutes a refusal to submit to an 
alcohol or controlled substances test and the attendant consequences;
    (9) The consequences for drivers found to have violated subpart B of 
this part, including the requirement that the driver be removed 
immediately from safety-sensitive functions,

[[Page 229]]

and the procedures under part 40, subpart O, of this title;
    (10) The consequences for drivers found to have an alcohol 
concentration of 0.02 or greater but less than 0.04;
    (11) Information concerning the effects of alcohol and controlled 
substances use on an individual's health, work, and personal life; signs 
and symptoms of an alcohol or a controlled substances problem (the 
driver's or a co-worker's); and available methods of intervening when an 
alcohol or a controlled substances problem is suspected, including 
confrontation, referral to any employee assistance program and/or 
referral to management; and
    (12) The requirement that the following personal information 
collected and maintained under this part shall be reported to the 
Clearinghouse:
    (i) A verified positive, adulterated, or substituted drug test 
result;
    (ii) An alcohol confirmation test with a concentration of 0.04 or 
higher;
    (iii) A refusal to submit to any test required by subpart C of this 
part;
    (iv) An employer's report of actual knowledge, as defined at Sec.  
382.107:
    (A) On duty alcohol use pursuant to Sec.  382.205;
    (B) Pre-duty alcohol use pursuant to Sec.  382.207;
    (C) Alcohol use following an accident pursuant to Sec.  382.209; and
    (D) Controlled substance use pursuant to Sec.  382.213;
    (v) A substance abuse professional (SAP as defined in Sec.  40.3 of 
this title) report of the successful completion of the return-to-duty 
process;
    (vi) A negative return-to-duty test; and
    (vii) An employer's report of completion of follow-up testing.
    (c) Optional provision. The materials supplied to drivers may also 
include information on additional employer policies with respect to the 
use of alcohol or controlled substances, including any consequences for 
a driver found to have a specified alcohol or controlled substances 
level, that are based on the employer's authority independent of this 
part. Any such additional policies or consequences must be clearly and 
obviously described as being based on independent authority.
    (d) Certificate of receipt. Each employer shall ensure that each 
driver is required to sign a statement certifying that he or she has 
received a copy of these materials described in this section. Each 
employer shall maintain the signed certificate and may provide a copy of 
the certificate to the driver.

[66 FR 43103, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013; 
81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016; 83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  382.603  Training for supervisors.

    Each employer shall ensure that all persons designated to supervise 
drivers receive at least 60 minutes of training on alcohol misuse and 
receive at least an additional 60 minutes of training on controlled 
substances use. The training will be used by the supervisors to 
determine whether reasonable suspicion exists to require a driver to 
undergo testing under Sec.  382.307. The training shall include the 
physical, behavioral, speech, and performance indicators of probable 
alcohol misuse and use of controlled substances. Recurrent training for 
supervisory personnel is not required.



Sec.  382.605  Referral, evaluation, and treatment.

    The requirements for referral, evaluation, and treatment must be 
performed in accordance with 49 CFR part 40, Subpart O.



    Subpart G_Requirements and Procedures for Implementation of the 
       Commercial Driver's License Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse

    Source: 81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  382.701  Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.

    (a) Pre-employment query required. (1) Employers must not employ a 
driver subject to controlled substances and alcohol testing under this 
part to perform a safety-sensitive function without first conducting a 
pre-employment query of the Clearinghouse to obtain information about 
whether the driver has a verified positive, adulterated, or substituted 
controlled substances test

[[Page 230]]

result; has an alcohol confirmation test with a concentration of 0.04 or 
higher; has refused to submit to a test in violation of Sec.  382.211; 
or that an employer has reported actual knowledge, as defined at Sec.  
382.107, that the driver used alcohol on duty in violation of Sec.  
382.205, used alcohol before duty in violation of Sec.  382.207, used 
alcohol following an accident in violation of Sec.  382.209, or used a 
controlled substance, in violation of Sec.  382.213.
    (2) The employer must conduct a full query under this section, which 
releases information in the Clearinghouse to an employer and requires 
that the individual driver give specific consent.
    (b) Annual query required. (1) Employers must conduct a query of the 
Clearinghouse at least once per year for information for all employees 
subject to controlled substance and alcohol testing under this part to 
determine whether information exists in the Clearinghouse about those 
employees.
    (2) In lieu of a full query, as described in paragraph (a)(2) of 
this section, an employer may obtain the individual driver's consent to 
conduct a limited query to satisfy the annual query requirement in 
paragraph (b)(1) of this section. The limited query will tell the 
employer whether there is information about the individual driver in the 
Clearinghouse, but will not release that information to the employer. 
The individual driver may give consent to conduct limited queries that 
is effective for more than one year.
    (3) If the limited query shows that information exists in the 
Clearinghouse about the individual driver, the employer must conduct a 
full query, in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section, within 
24 hours of conducting the limited query. If the employer fails to 
conduct a full query within 24 hours, the employer must not allow the 
driver to continue to perform any safety-sensitive function until the 
employer conducts the full query and the results confirm that the 
driver's Clearinghouse record contains no prohibitions as defined in 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (c) Employer notification. If any information described in paragraph 
(a) of this section is entered into the Clearinghouse about a driver 
during the 30-day period immediately following an employer conducting a 
query of that driver's records, FMCSA will notify the employer.
    (d) Prohibition. No employer may allow a driver the employer employs 
or intends to hire or use to perform any safety-sensitive function if 
the results of a Clearinghouse query demonstrate that the driver has a 
verified positive, adulterated, or substituted controlled substances 
test result; has an alcohol confirmation test with a concentration of 
0.04 or higher; has refused to submit to a test in violation of Sec.  
382.211; or that an employer has reported actual knowledge, as defined 
at Sec.  382.107, that the driver used alcohol on duty in violation of 
Sec.  382.205, used alcohol before duty in violation of Sec.  382.207, 
used alcohol following an accident in violation of Sec.  382.209, or 
used a controlled substance in violation of Sec.  382.213, except where 
a query of the Clearinghouse demonstrates:
    (1) That the driver has successfully completed the SAP evaluation, 
referral, and education/treatment process set forth in part 40, subpart 
O, of this title; achieves a negative return-to-duty test result; and 
completes the follow-up testing plan prescribed by the SAP.
    (2) That, if the driver has not completed all follow-up tests as 
prescribed by the SAP in accordance with Sec.  40.307 of this title and 
specified in the SAP report required by Sec.  40.311 of this title, the 
driver has completed the SAP evaluation, referral, and education/
treatment process set forth in part 40, subpart O, of this title and 
achieves a negative return-to-duty test result, and the employer assumes 
the responsibility for managing the follow-up testing process associated 
with the testing violation.
    (e) Recordkeeping required. Employers must retain for 3 years a 
record of each query and all information received in response to each 
query made under this section. As of January 6, 2023, an employer who 
maintains a valid registration fulfills this requirement.

[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016, as amended at 86 FR 35639, July 7, 2021]

[[Page 231]]



Sec.  382.703  Driver consent to permit access to information in the
Clearinghouse.

    (a) No employer may query the Clearinghouse to determine whether a 
record exists for any particular driver without first obtaining that 
driver's written or electronic consent. The employer conducting the 
search must retain the consent for 3 years from the date of the last 
query.
    (b) Before the employer may access information contained in the 
driver's Clearinghouse record, the driver must submit electronic consent 
through the Clearinghouse granting the employer access to the following 
specific records:
    (1) A verified positive, adulterated, or substituted controlled 
substances test result;
    (2) An alcohol confirmation test with a concentration of 0.04 or 
higher;
    (3) A refusal to submit to a test in violation of Sec.  382.211;
    (4) An employer's report of actual knowledge, as defined at Sec.  
382.107, of:
    (i) On duty alcohol use pursuant to Sec.  382.205;
    (ii) Pre-duty alcohol use pursuant to Sec.  382.207;
    (iii) Alcohol use following an accident pursuant to Sec.  382.209; 
and
    (iv) Controlled substance use pursuant to Sec.  382.213;
    (5) A SAP report of the successful completion of the return-to-duty 
process;
    (6) A negative return-to-duty test; and
    (7) An employer's report of completion of follow-up testing.
    (c) No employer may permit a driver to perform a safety-sensitive 
function if the driver refuses to grant the consent required by 
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section.
    (d) A driver granting consent under this section must provide 
consent electronically to the Agency through the Clearinghouse prior to 
release of information to an employer in accordance with Sec.  
382.701(a)(2) or (b)(3).
    (e) A driver granting consent under this section grants consent for 
the Agency to release information to an employer in accordance with 
Sec.  382.701(c).

[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016, as amended at 86 FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  382.705  Reporting to the Clearinghouse.

    (a) MROs. (1) Within 2 business days of making a determination or 
verification, MROs must report the following information about a driver 
to the Clearinghouse:
    (i) Verified positive, adulterated, or substituted controlled 
substances test results;
    (ii) Refusal-to-test determination by the MRO in accordance with 49 
CFR 40.191(a)(5), (7), and (11), (b), and (d)(2).
    (2) MROs must provide the following information for each controlled 
substances test result specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section:
    (i) Reason for the test;
    (ii) Federal Drug Testing Custody and Control Form specimen ID 
number;
    (iii) Driver's name, date of birth, and CDL number and State of 
issuance;
    (iv) Employer's name, address, and USDOT number, if applicable;
    (v) Date of the test;
    (vi) Date of the verified result; and
    (vii) Test result. The test result must be one of the following:
    (A) Positive (including the controlled substance(s) identified);
    (B) Refusal to test: Adulterated;
    (C) Refusal to test: Substituted; or
    (D) Refusal to provide a sufficient specimen after the MRO makes a 
determination, in accordance with Sec.  40.193 of this title, that the 
employee does not have a medical condition that has, or with a high 
degree of probability could have, precluded the employee from providing 
a sufficient amount of urine or oral fluid. Under this subpart a refusal 
would also include a refusal to undergo a medical examination or 
evaluation to substantiate a qualifying medical condition.
    (3) Within 1 business day of making any change to the results report 
in accordance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section, a MRO must report 
that changed result to the Clearinghouse.
    (b) Employers. (1) Employers must report the following information 
about a driver to the Clearinghouse by the close of the third business 
day following the date on which they obtained that information:
    (i) An alcohol confirmation test result with an alcohol 
concentration of 0.04 or greater;

[[Page 232]]

    (ii) A negative return-to-duty test result;
    (iii) A refusal to take an alcohol test pursuant to 49 CFR 40.261;
    (iv) A refusal to test determination made in accordance with 49 CFR 
40.191(a)(1) through (4), (a)(6), (a)(8) through (11), or (d)(1), but in 
the case of a refusal to test under (a)(11), the employer may report 
only those admissions made to the specimen collector; and
    (v) A report that the driver has successfully completed all follow-
up tests as prescribed in the SAP report in accordance with Sec. Sec.  
40.307, 40.309, and 40.311 of this title.
    (2) The information required to be reported under paragraph (b)(1) 
of this section must include, as applicable:
    (i) Reason for the test;
    (ii) Driver's name, date of birth, and CDL number and State of 
issuance;
    (iii) Employer name, address, and USDOT number;
    (iv) Date of the test;
    (v) Date the result was reported; and
    (vi) Test result. The test result must be one of the following:
    (A) Negative (only required for return-to-duty tests administered in 
accordance with Sec.  382.309);
    (B) Positive; or
    (C) Refusal to take a test.
    (3) For each report of a violation of 49 CFR 40.261(a)(1) or 
40.191(a)(1), the employer must report the following information:
    (i) Documentation, including, but not limited to, electronic mail or 
other contemporaneous record of the time and date the driver was 
notified to appear at a testing site; and the time, date and testing 
site location at which the employee was directed to appear, or an 
affidavit providing evidence of such notification;
    (ii) Documentation, including, but not limited to, electronic mail 
or other correspondence, or an affidavit, indicating the date the 
employee was terminated or resigned (if applicable);
    (iii) Documentation, including, but not limited to, electronic mail 
or other correspondence, or an affidavit, showing that the C/TPA 
reporting the violation was authorized to act as a service agent for an 
employer who employs himself/herself as a driver pursuant to paragraph 
(b)(6) of this section when the reported refusal occurred (if 
applicable); and
    (iv) Documentation, including a certificate of service or other 
evidence, showing that the employer provided the employee with all 
documentation reported under paragraph (b)(3) of this section (if 
applicable).
    (4) Employers must report the following violations by the close of 
the third business day following the date on which the employer obtains 
actual knowledge, as defined at Sec.  382.107, of:
    (i) On-duty alcohol use pursuant to Sec.  382.205;
    (ii) Pre-duty alcohol use pursuant to Sec.  382.207;
    (iii) Alcohol use following an accident pursuant to Sec.  382.209; 
and
    (iv) Controlled substance use pursuant to Sec.  382.213.
    (5) For each violation in paragraph (b)(4) of this section, the 
employer must report the following information:
    (i) Driver's name, date of birth, CDL number and State of issuance;
    (ii) Employer name, address, and USDOT number, if applicable;
    (iii) Date the employer obtained actual knowledge of the violation;
    (iv) Witnesses to the violation, if any, including contact 
information;
    (v) Description of the violation;
    (vi) Evidence supporting each fact alleged in the description of the 
violation required under paragraph (b)(4) of this section, which may 
include, but is not limited to, affidavits, photographs, video or audio 
recordings, employee statements (other than admissions pursuant to Sec.  
382.121), correspondence, or other documentation; and
    (vii) A certificate of service or other evidence showing that the 
employer provided the employee with all information reported under 
paragraph (b)(4) of this section (if applicable).
    (6) An employer who employs himself/herself as a driver must 
designate a C/TPA to comply with the employer requirements in paragraph 
(b) of this section related to his or her own alcohol and controlled 
substances use.
    (c) C/TPAs. Any employer may designate a C/TPA to perform the 
employer requirements in paragraph (b) of this section. Regardless of 
whether it

[[Page 233]]

uses a C/TPA to perform its requirements, the employer retains ultimate 
responsibility for compliance with this section. Exception: An employer 
does not retain responsibility where the C/TPA is designated to comply 
with employer requirements as described in paragraph (b)(6) of this 
section.
    (d) SAPs. (1) SAPs must report to the Clearinghouse for each driver 
who has completed the return-to-duty process in accordance with 49 CFR 
part 40, subpart O, the following information:
    (i) SAPs name, address, and telephone number;
    (ii) Driver's name, date of birth, and CDL number and State of 
issuance;
    (iii) Date of the initial substance-abuse-professional assessment; 
and
    (iv) Date the SAP determined that the driver demonstrated successful 
compliance as defined in 49 CFR part 40, subpart O, and was eligible for 
return-to-duty testing under this part.
    (2) SAP must report the information required by paragraphs (d)(1)(i) 
through (iii) of this section by the close of the business day following 
the date of the initial substance abuse assessment, and must report the 
information required by paragraph (d)(1)(iv) of this section by the 
close of the business day following the determination that the driver 
has completed the return-to-duty process.
    (e) Reporting truthfully and accurately. Every person or entity with 
access must report truthfully and accurately to the Clearinghouse and is 
expressly prohibited from reporting information he or she knows or 
should know is false or inaccurate.

                  Reporting Entities and Circumstances
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    When information will be reported to
         Reporting entity                       clearinghouse
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prospective/Current Employer of     --An alcohol confirmation test with
 CDL Driver.                         a concentration of 0.04 or higher.
                                    --Refusal to test (alcohol) as
                                     specified in 49 CFR 40.261.
                                    --Refusal to test (drug) not
                                     requiring a determination by the
                                     MRO as specified in 49 CFR 40.191.
                                    --Actual knowledge, as defined in 49
                                     CFR 382.107, that a driver has used
                                     alcohol on duty, used alcohol
                                     within four hours of coming on
                                     duty, used alcohol prior to post-
                                     accident testing, or has used a
                                     controlled substance.
                                    --Negative return-to-duty test
                                     results (drug and alcohol testing,
                                     as applicable)
                                    --Completion of follow-up testing.
Service Agent acting on behalf of   --An alcohol confirmation test with
 Current Employer of CDL Driver.     a concentration of 0.04 or higher.
                                    --Refusal to test (alcohol) as
                                     specified in 49 CFR 40.261.
                                    --Refusal to test (drug) not
                                     requiring a determination by the
                                     MRO as specified in 49 CFR 40.191.
                                    --Actual knowledge, as defined in 49
                                     CFR 382.107, that a driver has used
                                     alcohol on duty, used alcohol
                                     within four hours of coming on
                                     duty, used alcohol prior to post-
                                     accident testing, or has used a
                                     controlled substance.
                                    --Negative return-to-duty test
                                     results (drug and alcohol testing,
                                     as applicable)
                                    --Completion of follow-up testing.
MRO...............................  --Verified positive, adulterated, or
                                     substituted drug test result.
                                    --Refusal to test (drug) requiring a
                                     determination by the MRO as
                                     specified in 49 CFR 40.191.
SAP...............................  --Identification of driver and date
                                     the initial assessment was
                                     initiated.
                                    --Successful completion of treatment
                                     and/or education and the
                                     determination of eligibility for
                                     return-to-duty testing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016, as amended at 86 FR 35639, July 7, 2021; 88 
FR 27653, May 2, 2023]



Sec.  382.707  Notice to drivers of entry, revision, removal, or
release of information.

    (a) FMCSA must notify a driver when information concerning that 
driver has been added to, revised, or removed from the Clearinghouse.
    (b) FMCSA must notify a driver when information concerning that 
driver has been released from the Clearinghouse to an employer and 
specify the reason for the release.
    (c) Drivers will be notified by letter sent by U.S. Mail to the 
address on record with the State Driver Licensing Agency that issued the 
driver's commercial driver's license. Exception: A driver may provide 
the Clearinghouse with an alternative means or address for notification, 
including electronic mail.

[[Page 234]]



 Sec.  382.709  Drivers' access to information in the Clearinghouse.

    A driver may review information in the Clearinghouse about himself 
or herself, except as otherwise restricted by law or regulation. A 
driver must register with the Clearinghouse before accessing his or her 
information.



Sec.  382.711  Clearinghouse registration.

    (a) Clearinghouse registration required. Each employer and service 
agent must register with the Clearinghouse before accessing or reporting 
information in the Clearinghouse.
    (b) Employers. (1) Employer Clearinghouse registration must include:
    (i) Name, address, and telephone number;
    (ii) USDOT number, except if the registrant does not have a USDOT 
Number, it may be requested to provide other information to verify 
identity; and
    (iii) Name of the person(s) the employer authorizes to report 
information to or obtain information from the Clearinghouse and any 
additional information FMCSA needs to validate his or her identity.
    (2) Employers must verify the names of the person(s) authorized 
under paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section annually.
    (3) Identification of the C/TPA or other service agent used to 
comply with the requirements of this part, if applicable, and 
authorization for the C/TPA to query or report information to the 
Clearinghouse. Employers must update any changes to this information 
within 10 days.
    (c) MROs and SAPs. Each MRO or SAP must provide the following to 
apply for Clearinghouse registration:
    (1) Name, address, telephone number, and any additional information 
FMCSA needs to validate the applicant's identity;
    (2) A certification that the applicant's access to the Clearinghouse 
is conditioned on his or her compliance with the applicable 
qualification and/or training requirements in 49 CFR part 40; and
    (3) Evidence of required professional credentials to verify that the 
applicant currently meets the applicable qualification and/or training 
requirements in 49 CFR part 40.
    (d) C/TPAs and other service agents. Each consortium/third party 
administrator or other service agent must provide the following to apply 
for Clearinghouse registration:
    (1) Name, address, telephone number, and any additional information 
FMCSA needs to validate the applicant's identity; and
    (2) Name, title, and telephone number of the person(s) authorized to 
report information to and obtain information from the Clearinghouse.
    (3) Each C/TPA or other service agent must verify the names of the 
person(s) authorized under paragraph (d)(2) of this section annually.



Sec.  382.713  Duration, cancellation, and revocation of access.

    (a) Term. Clearinghouse registration is valid for 5 years, unless 
cancelled or revoked.
    (b) Cancellation. FMCSA will cancel Clearinghouse registrations for 
anyone who has not queried or reported to the Clearinghouse for 2 years.
    (c) Revocation. FMCSA has the right to revoke the Clearinghouse 
registration of anyone who fails to comply with any of the prescribed 
rights and restrictions on access to the Clearinghouse, including but 
not limited to, submission of inaccurate or false information and misuse 
or misappropriation of access rights or protected information from the 
Clearinghouse and failure to maintain the requisite qualifications, 
certifications and/or training requirements as set forth in part 40 of 
this title.



Sec.  382.715  Authorization to enter information into the Clearinghouse.

    (a) C/TPAs. No C/TPA or other service agent may enter information 
into the Clearinghouse on an employer's behalf unless the employer 
designates the C/TPA or other service agent.
    (b) SAPs. A driver must designate a SAP before that SAP can enter 
any information about the driver's return-to-duty process into the 
Clearinghouse.

[[Page 235]]



Sec.  382.717  Procedures for correcting certain information in the
database.

    (a) Petitions limited to incorrectly reported information. (1) Under 
this section, petitioners may request only that administrative errors be 
corrected (e.g., errors in data entry or a duplicate report of a 
positive test result); petitioners may not contest the accuracy of test 
results, test refusals, or other violation information, under this 
section.
    (2) Exceptions. (i) Petitioners may request that FMCSA add 
documentary evidence of a non-conviction to an employer's report of 
actual knowledge that the driver received a traffic citation for driving 
a commercial motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or 
controlled substances if the citation did not result in a conviction. 
For the purposes of this section, conviction has the same meaning as 
used in 49 CFR part 383.
    (ii) Petitioners may request that FMCSA remove from the 
Clearinghouse an employer's report of actual knowledge (other than as 
provided for in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section) if that report does 
not comply with the reporting requirements in Sec.  382.705(b)(5).
    (iii) Petitioners may request that FMCSA remove from the 
Clearinghouse an employer's report of a violation under 49 CFR 
40.261(a)(1) or 40.191(a)(1) if that report does not comply with the 
reporting requirements in Sec.  382.705(b)(3).
    (b) Petition. Any driver or authorized representative of the driver 
may submit a petition to the FMCSA contesting the accuracy of 
information in the Clearinghouse. The petition must include:
    (1) The petitioner's name, address, telephone number, and CDL number 
and State of issuance;
    (2) Detailed description of the basis for the allegation that the 
information is not accurate; and
    (3) Evidence supporting the allegation that the information is not 
accurate. Failure to submit evidence is cause for dismissing the 
petition.
    (c) Submission of petition. The petitioner may submit his/her 
petition electronically through the Clearinghouse or in writing to: 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, ATTN: Drug and Alcohol 
Clearinghouse Petition for Review, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., 
Washington, DC 20590.
    (d) Notice of decision. Within 45 days of receiving a complete 
petition, FMCSA will inform the driver in writing of its decision to 
remove, retain, or correct the information in the database and provide 
the basis for the decision.
    (e) Request for expedited treatment. (1) A driver may request 
expedited treatment to correct inaccurate information in his or her 
Clearinghouse record under paragraph (a)(1) of this section if the 
inaccuracy is currently preventing him or her from performing safety-
sensitive functions, or to remove employer reports under paragraph 
(a)(2) of this section if such reports are currently preventing him or 
her from performing safety-sensitive functions. This request may be 
included in the original petition or as a separate document.
    (2) If FMCSA grants expedited treatment, it will subsequently inform 
the driver of its decision in writing within 14 days of receipt of a 
complete petition.
    (f) Administrative review. (1) A driver may request FMCSA to conduct 
an administrative review if he or she believes that a decision made in 
accordance with paragraph (d) or (e) of this section was in error.
    (2) The request must prominently state at the top of the document: 
``Administrative Review of Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse Decision'' and 
the driver may submit his/her request electronically through the 
Clearinghouse or in writing to FMCSA, ATTN: Drug and Alcohol 
Clearinghouse Administrative Review, Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590.
    (3) The driver's request must explain the error he or she believes 
FMCSA committed and provide information and/or documents to support his 
or her argument.
    (4) FMCSA will complete its administrative review no later than 30 
days after receiving the driver's request for review. FMCSA's decision 
will constitute the final Agency action.
    (g) Subsequent notification to employers. When information is 
corrected or

[[Page 236]]

removed in accordance with this section, or in accordance with 49 CFR 
part 10, FMCSA will notify any employer that accessed the incorrect 
information that a correction or removal was made.

[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016, as amended at 86 FR 35640, July 7, 2021; 86 
FR 55742, Oct. 7, 2021; 86 FR 57069, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  382.719  Availability and removal of information.

    (a) Driver information not available. Information about a driver's 
drug or alcohol violation will not be available to an employer 
conducting a query of the Clearinghouse after all of the following 
conditions relating to the violation are satisfied:
    (1) The SAP reports to the Clearinghouse the information required in 
Sec.  382.705(d);
    (2) The employer reports to the Clearinghouse that the driver's 
return-to-duty test results are negative;
    (3) The driver's current employer reports that the driver has 
successfully completed all follow-up tests as prescribed in the SAP 
report in accordance with Sec. Sec.  40.307, 40.309, and 40.311 of this 
title; and
    (4) Five years have passed since the date of the violation 
determination.
    (b) Driver information remains available. Information about a 
particular driver's drug or alcohol violation will remain available to 
employers conducting a query until all requirements in paragraph (a) of 
this section have been met.
    (c) Exceptions. (1) Within 2 business days of granting a request for 
removal pursuant to Sec.  382.717(a)(2)(i), FMCSA will remove 
information from the Clearinghouse.
    (2) Information about a particular driver's drug or alcohol 
violation may be removed in accordance with Sec.  382.717(a)(2)(ii) and 
(iii) or in accordance with 49 CFR part 10.
    (d) Driver information remains available. Nothing in this part shall 
prevent FMCSA from using information removed under this section for 
research, auditing, or enforcement purposes.



Sec.  382.721  Fees.

    FMCSA may collect a reasonable fee from entities required to query 
the Clearinghouse. Exception: No driver may be required to pay a fee to 
access his or her own information in the Clearinghouse.



Sec.  382.723  Unauthorized access or use prohibited.

    (a) Except as expressly authorized in this subpart, no person or 
entity may access the Clearinghouse. No person or entity may share, 
distribute, publish, or otherwise release any information in the 
Clearinghouse except as specifically authorized by law. No person may 
report inaccurate or misleading information to the Clearinghouse.
    (b) An employer's use of information received from the Clearinghouse 
is limited to determining whether a prohibition applies to a driver 
performing a safety-sensitive function with respect to a commercial 
motor vehicle. No employer may divulge or permit any other person or 
entity to divulge any information from the Clearinghouse to any person 
or entity not directly involved in determining whether a prohibition 
applies to a driver performing a safety-sensitive function with respect 
to a commercial motor vehicle.
    (c) Violations of this section are subject to civil and criminal 
penalties in accordance with applicable law, including those set forth 
at Sec.  382.507.
    (d) Nothing in this part shall prohibit FMCSA from accessing 
information about individual drivers in the Clearinghouse for research, 
auditing, or enforcement purposes.



Sec.  382.725  Access by State licensing authorities.

    (a)(1) Before November 18, 2024, in order to determine whether a 
driver is qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle, the chief 
commercial driver's licensing official of a State may obtain the 
driver's record from the Clearinghouse if the driver has applied for a 
commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit from that 
State.
    (2) On or after November 18, 2024, in order to determine whether a 
driver is qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle, the chief 
commercial driver's licensing official of a State must obtain the 
driver's record from

[[Page 237]]

the Clearinghouse if the driver has applied for a commercial driver's 
license or commercial learner's permit from that State.
    (b) By applying for a commercial driver's license or a commercial 
learner's permit, a driver is deemed to have consented to the release of 
information from the Clearinghouse in accordance with this section.
    (c) The chief commercial driver's licensing official's use of 
information received from the Clearinghouse is limited to determining an 
individual's qualifications to operate a commercial motor vehicle. No 
chief commercial driver's licensing official may divulge or permit any 
other person or entity to divulge any information from the Clearinghouse 
to any person or entity not directly involved in determining an 
individual's qualifications to operate a commercial motor vehicle.
    (d) A chief commercial driver's licensing official who does not take 
appropriate safeguards to protect the privacy and confidentiality of 
information obtained under this section is subject to revocation of his 
or her right of access under this section.

[81 FR 87725, Dec. 5, 2016, as amended at 84 FR 68057, Dec. 13, 2019; 86 
FR 35640, July 7, 2021; 86 FR 55742, Oct. 7, 2021]



Sec.  382.727  Penalties.

    An employer, employee, MRO, or service agent who violates any 
provision of this subpart shall be subject to the civil and/or criminal 
penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(C).



PART 383_COMMERCIAL DRIVER'S LICENSE STANDARDS; REQUIREMENTS AND PENALTIES-
-Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
383.1 Purpose and scope.
383.3 Applicability.
383.5 Definitions.
383.7 Validity of CDL issued by decertified State.

                  Subpart B_Single License Requirement

383.21 Number of drivers' licenses.
383.23 Commercial driver's license.
383.25 Commercial learner's permit (CLP).

    Subpart C_Notification Requirements and Employer Responsibilities

383.31 Notification of convictions for driver violations.
383.33 Notification of driver's license suspensions.
383.35 Notification of previous employment.
383.37 Employer responsibilities.

            Subpart D_Driver Disqualifications and Penalties

383.51 Disqualification of drivers.
383.52 Disqualification of drivers determined to constitute an imminent 
          hazard.
383.53 Penalties.

               Subpart E_Testing and Licensing Procedures

383.71 Driver application and certification procedures.
383.72 Implied consent to alcohol testing.
383.73 State procedures.
383.75 Third party testing.
383.77 Substitute for knowledge and driving skills tests for drivers 
          with military CMV experience.
383.79 Driving skills testing of out-of-State students; knowledge and 
          driving skills testing of military personnel.

                Subpart F_Vehicle Groups and Endorsements

383.91 Commercial motor vehicle groups.
383.93 Endorsements.
383.95 Restrictions.

                 Subpart G_Required Knowledge and Skills

383.110 General requirement.
383.111 Required knowledge.
383.113 Required skills.
383.115 Requirements for double/triple trailers endorsement.
383.117 Requirements for passenger endorsement.
383.119 Requirements for tank vehicle endorsement.
383.121 Requirements for hazardous materials endorsement.
383.123 Requirements for a school bus endorsement.

                             Subpart H_Tests

383.131 Test manuals.
383.133 Testing methods.

[[Page 238]]

383.135 Passing knowledge and skills tests.

    Subpart I_Requirement for Transportation Security Administration 
          approval of hazardous materials endorsement issuances

383.141 General.

 Subpart J_Commercial Learner's Permit and Commercial Driver's License 
                                Documents

383.151 General.
383.153 Information on the CLP and CDL documents and applications.
383.155 Tamperproofing requirements.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 521, 31136, 31301 et seq., and 31502; secs. 214 
and 215 of Pub. L. 106-159, 113 Stat. 1748, 1766, 1767; sec. 1012(b) of 
Pub. L. 107-56, 115 Stat. 272, 297, sec. 4140 of Pub. L. 109-59, 119 
Stat. 1144, 1746; sec. 32934 of Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 830; 
sec. 23019 of Pub. L. 117-58, 135 Stat. 429, 777; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 52 FR 20587, June 1, 1987, unless otherwise noted.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  383.1  Purpose and scope.

    (a) The purpose of this part is to help reduce or prevent truck and 
bus accidents, fatalities, and injuries by requiring drivers to have a 
single commercial motor vehicle driver's license and by disqualifying 
drivers who operate commercial motor vehicles in an unsafe manner.
    (b) This part:
    (1) Prohibits a commercial motor vehicle driver from having more 
than one commercial motor vehicle driver's license;
    (2) Requires a driver to notify the driver's current employer and 
the driver's State of domicile of certain convictions;
    (3) Requires that a driver provide previous employment information 
when applying for employment as an operator of a commercial motor 
vehicle;
    (4) Prohibits an employer from allowing a person with a suspended 
license to operate a commercial motor vehicle;
    (5) Establishes periods of disqualification and penalties for those 
persons convicted of certain criminal and other offenses and serious 
traffic violations, or subject to any suspensions, revocations, or 
cancellations of certain driving privileges;
    (6) Establishes testing and licensing requirements for commercial 
motor vehicle operators;
    (7) Requires States to give knowledge and skills tests to all 
qualified applicants for commercial drivers' licenses which meet the 
Federal standard;
    (8) Sets forth commercial motor vehicle groups and endorsements;
    (9) Sets forth the knowledge and skills test requirements for the 
motor vehicle groups and endorsements;
    (10) Sets forth the Federal standards for procedures, methods, and 
minimum passing scores for States and others to use in testing and 
licensing commercial motor vehicle operators; and
    (11) Establishes requirements for the State issued commercial 
license documentation.

[52 FR 20587, June 1, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 27648, July 21, 1988; 54 
FR 40787, Oct. 3, 1989]



Sec.  383.3  Applicability.

    (a) The rules in this part apply to every person who operates a 
commercial motor vehicle (CMV) in interstate, foreign, or intrastate 
commerce, to all employers of such persons, and to all States.
    (b) The exceptions contained in Sec.  390.3(f) of this subchapter do 
not apply to this part. The employers and drivers identified in Sec.  
390.3(f) must comply with the requirements of this part, unless 
otherwise provided in this section.
    (c) Exception for certain military drivers. Each State must exempt 
from the requirements of this part individuals who operate CMVs for 
military purposes. This exception is applicable to active duty military 
personnel; members of the military reserves; members of the national 
guard on active duty, including personnel on full-time national guard 
duty, personnel on part-time national guard training, and national guard 
military technicians (civilians who are required to wear military 
uniforms); and active duty U.S. Coast Guard personnel. This exception is 
not applicable to U.S. Reserve technicians.
    (d) Exception for farmers, firefighters, emergency response vehicle 
drivers, and drivers removing snow and ice. A State may, at its 
discretion, exempt individuals identified in paragraphs (d)(1),

[[Page 239]]

(d)(2), and (d)(3) of this section from the requirements of this part. 
The use of this waiver is limited to the driver's home State unless 
there is a reciprocity agreement with adjoining States.
    (1) Operators of a farm vehicle which is:
    (i) Controlled and operated by a farmer, including operation by 
employees or family members;
    (ii) Used to transport either agricultural products, farm machinery, 
farm supplies, or both to or from a farm;
    (iii) Not used in the operations of a for-hire motor carrier, except 
for an exempt motor carrier as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this 
subchapter; and
    (iv) Used within 241 kilometers (150 miles) of the farmer's farm.
    (2) Firefighters and other persons who operate CMVs which are 
necessary to the preservation of life or property or the execution of 
emergency governmental functions, are equipped with audible and visual 
signals and are not subject to normal traffic regulation. These vehicles 
include fire trucks, hook and ladder trucks, foam or water transport 
trucks, police SWAT team vehicles, ambulances, or other vehicles that 
are used in response to emergencies.
    (3)(i) A driver, employed by an eligible unit of local government, 
operating a commercial motor vehicle within the boundaries of that unit 
for the purpose of removing snow or ice from a roadway by plowing, 
sanding, or salting, if
    (A) The properly licensed employee who ordinarily operates a 
commercial motor vehicle for these purposes is unable to operate the 
vehicle; or
    (B) The employing governmental entity determines that a snow or ice 
emergency exists that requires additional assistance.
    (ii) This exemption shall not preempt State laws and regulations 
concerning the safe operation of commercial motor vehicles.
    (e) Restricted commercial drivers license (CDL) for certain drivers 
in the State of Alaska. (1) The State of Alaska may, at its discretion, 
waive only the following requirements of this part and issue a CDL to 
each driver that meets the conditions set forth in paragraphs (e) (2) 
and (3) of this section:
    (i) The knowledge tests standards for testing procedures and methods 
of subpart H, but must continue to administer knowledge tests that 
fulfill the content requirements of subpart G for all applicants;
    (ii) All the skills test requirements; and
    (iii) The requirement under Sec.  383.153(a)(4) to have a photograph 
on the license document.
    (2) Drivers of CMVs in the State of Alaska must operate exclusively 
over roads that meet both of the following criteria to be eligible for 
the exception in paragraph (e)(1) of this section:
    (i) Such roads are not connected by land highway or vehicular way to 
the land-connected State highway system; and
    (ii) Such roads are not connected to any highway or vehicular way 
with an average daily traffic volume greater than 499.
    (3) Any CDL issued under the terms of this paragraph must carry two 
restrictions:
    (i) Holders may not operate CMVs over roads other than those 
specified in paragraph (e)(2) of this section; and
    (ii) The license is not valid for CMV operation outside the State of 
Alaska.
    (f) Restricted CDL for certain drivers in farm-related service 
industries. (1) A State may, at its discretion, waive the required 
knowledge and skills tests of subpart H of this part and issue 
restricted CDLs to employees of these designated farm-related service 
industries:
    (i) Agri-chemical businesses;
    (ii) Custom harvesters;
    (iii) Farm retail outlets and suppliers;
    (iv) Livestock feeders.
    (2) A restricted CDL issued pursuant to this paragraph shall meet 
all the requirements of this part, except subpart H of this part. A 
restricted CDL issued pursuant to this paragraph shall be accorded the 
same reciprocity as a CDL meeting all of the requirements of this part. 
The restrictions imposed upon the issuance of this restricted CDL shall 
not limit a person's use of the CDL in a non-CMV during either validated 
or non-validated periods, nor shall the CDL affect a State's power to 
administer its driver licensing program

[[Page 240]]

for operators of vehicles other than CMVs.
    (3) A State issuing a CDL under the terms of this paragraph must 
restrict issuance as follows:
    (i) Applicants must have a good driving record as defined in this 
paragraph. Drivers who have not held any motor vehicle operator's 
license for at least one year shall not be eligible for this CDL. 
Drivers who have between one and two years of driving experience must 
demonstrate a good driving record for their entire driving history. 
Drivers with more than two years of driving experience must have a good 
driving record for the two most recent years. For the purposes of this 
paragraph, the term good driving record means that an applicant:
    (A) Has not had more than one license;
    (B) Has not had any license suspended, revoked, or canceled;
    (C) Has not had any conviction for any type of motor vehicle for the 
disqualifying offenses contained in Sec.  383.51(b);
    (D) Has not had any conviction for any type of motor vehicle for 
serious traffic violations; and
    (E) Has not had any conviction for a violation of State or local law 
relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than a parking 
violation) arising in connection with any traffic accident, and has no 
record of an accident in which he/she was at fault.
    (ii) Restricted CDLs shall have the same renewal cycle as 
unrestricted CDLs but shall be limited to the seasonal period or periods 
as defined by the State of licensure, provided that the total number of 
days in any calendar year for which the restricted CDL is valid does not 
exceed 210. If a State elects to provide for more than one seasonal 
period, the restricted CDL is valid for commercial motor vehicle 
operation only during the currently approved season, and must be 
revalidated for each successive season. Only one seasonal period of 
validity may appear on the license document at a time. The good driving 
record must be confirmed prior to any renewal or revalidation.
    (iii) Restricted CDL holders are limited to operating Group B and C 
vehicles, as described in subpart F of this part.
    (iv) Restricted CDLs shall not be issued with any endorsements on 
the license document. Only the limited tank vehicle and hazardous 
materials endorsement privileges that the restricted CDL automatically 
confers and are described in paragraph (f)(3)(v) of this section are 
permitted.
    (v) Restricted CDL holders may not drive vehicles carrying any 
placardable quantities of hazardous materials, except for diesel fuel in 
quantities of 3,785 liters (1,000 gallons) or less; liquid fertilizers 
(i.e., plant nutrients) in vehicles or implements of husbandry in total 
quantities of 11,355 liters (3,000 gallons) or less; and solid 
fertilizers (i.e., solid plant nutrients) that are not transported with 
any organic substance.
    (vi) Restricted CDL holders may not hold an unrestricted CDL at the 
same time.
    (vii) Restricted CDL holders may not operate a commercial motor 
vehicle beyond 241 kilometers (150 miles) from the place of business or 
the farm currently being served.
    (g) Restricted CDL for certain drivers in the pyrotechnic industry. 
(1) A State may, at its discretion, waive the required hazardous 
materials knowledge tests of subpart H of this part and issue restricted 
CDLs to part-time drivers operating commercial motor vehicles 
transporting less than 227 kilograms (500 pounds) of fireworks 
classified as DOT Class 1.3G explosives.
    (2) A State issuing a CDL under the terms of this paragraph must 
restrict issuance as follows:
    (i) The GVWR of the vehicle to be operated must be less than 4,537 
kilograms (10,001 pounds);
    (ii) If a State believes, at its discretion, that the training 
required by Sec.  172.704 of this title adequately prepares part-time 
drivers meeting the other requirements of this paragraph to deal with 
fireworks and the other potential dangers posed by fireworks 
transportation and use, the State may waive the hazardous materials 
knowledge tests of subpart H of this part. The State may impose any 
requirements it believes is necessary to ensure

[[Page 241]]

itself that a driver is properly trained pursuant to Sec.  172.704 of 
this title.
    (iii) A restricted CDL document issued pursuant to this paragraph 
shall have a statement clearly imprinted on the face of the document 
that is substantially similar as follows: ``For use as a CDL only during 
the period from June 30 through July 6 for purposes of transporting less 
than 227 kilograms (500 pounds) of fireworks classified as DOT Class 
1.3G explosives in a vehicle with a GVWR of less than 4,537 kilograms 
(10,001 pounds).
    (3) A restricted CDL issued pursuant to this paragraph shall meet 
all the requirements of this part, except those specifically identified. 
A restricted CDL issued pursuant to this paragraph shall be accorded the 
same reciprocity as a CDL meeting all of the requirements of this part. 
The restrictions imposed upon the issuance of this restricted CDL shall 
not limit a person's use of the CDL in a non-CMV during either validated 
or non-validated periods, nor shall the CDL affect a State's power to 
administer its driver licensing program for operators of vehicles other 
than CMVs.
    (4) Restricted CDLs shall have the same renewal cycle as 
unrestricted CDLs, but shall be limited to the seasonal period of June 
30 through July 6 of each year or a lesser period as defined by the 
State of licensure.
    (5) Persons who operate commercial motor vehicles during the period 
from July 7 through June 29 for purposes of transporting less than 227 
kilograms (500 pounds) of fireworks classified as DOT Class 1.3G 
explosives in a vehicle with a GVWR of less than 4,537 kilograms (10,001 
pounds) and who also operate such vehicles for the same purposes during 
the period June 30 through July 6 shall not be issued a restricted CDL 
pursuant to this paragraph.
    (h) Exception for drivers of ``covered farm vehicles.'' The rules in 
this part do not apply to a driver of a ``covered farm vehicle,'' as 
defined in Sec.  390.5 of this chapter.
    (i) Hazardous materials endorsement exemption for certain drivers 
transporting diesel. A State may waive the requirement for a holder of a 
Class A commercial driver's license to obtain a hazardous materials 
endorsement under this part, if the license holder is:
    (1) Acting within the scope of the license holder's employment, and 
within the State of domicile (or another State with a hazardous 
materials endorsement exemption) as an employee of a custom harvester 
operation, agrichemical business, farm retail outlet and supplier, or 
livestock feeder; and
    (2) Operating a service vehicle that is:
    (i) Transporting diesel in a quantity of 3,785 liters (1,000 
gallons) or less; and
    (ii) Clearly marked with a ``flammable'' or ``combustible'' placard, 
as appropriate.

[61 FR 9564, Mar. 8, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 14679, Apr. 3, 1996; 62 
FR 1296, Jan. 9, 1997; 67 FR 49755, July 31, 2002; 67 FR 61821, Oct. 2, 
2002; 78 FR 16194, Mar. 14, 2013; 78 FR 58479, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 
47720, July 22, 2016; 81 FR 68346, Oct. 4, 2016; 81 FR 71016, Oct. 14, 
2016; 86 FR 35640, July 7, 2021; 87 FR 59036, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  383.5  Definitions.

    As used in this part:
    Administrator means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator, 
the chief executive of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
an agency within the Department of Transportation.
    Alcohol or alcoholic beverage means:
    (1) Beer as defined in 26 U.S.C. 5052(a), of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1954,
    (2) Wine of not less than one-half of one per centum of alcohol by 
volume, or
    (3) Distilled spirits as defined in section 5002(a)(8), of such 
Code.
    Alcohol concentration (AC) means the concentration of alcohol in a 
person's blood or breath. When expressed as a percentage it means grams 
of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or grams of alcohol per 210 
liters of breath.
    Alien means any person not a citizen or national of the United 
States.
    CDL downgrade means either:
    (1) A State allows the driver to change his or her self-
certification to interstate, but operating exclusively in transportation 
or operation excepted from part 391, as provided in Sec.  390.3(f), 
Sec.  391.2, Sec.  391.68 or Sec.  398.3 of this chapter;

[[Page 242]]

    (2) A State allows the driver to change his or her self-
certification to intrastate only, if the driver qualifies under that 
State's physical qualification requirements for intrastate only;
    (3) A State allows the driver to change his or her certification to 
intrastate, but operating exclusively in transportation or operations 
excepted from all or part of the State driver qualification 
requirements, or
    (4) A State removes the CLP or CDL privilege from the driver's 
license.
    CDL driver means a person holding a CDL or a person required to hold 
a CDL.
    CDLIS driver record means the electronic record of the individual 
CDL driver's status and history stored by the State-of-Record as part of 
the Commercial Driver's License Information System (CDLIS) established 
under 49 U.S.C. 31309.
    Commerce means:
    (1) Any trade, traffic, or transportation within the jurisdiction of 
the United States between a place in a State and a place outside of such 
State, including a place outside of the United States; or
    (2) Trade, traffic, and transportation in the United States that 
affects any trade, traffic, and transportation described in paragraph 
(1) of this definition.
    Commercial driver's license (CDL) means a license issued to an 
individual by a State or other jurisdiction of domicile, in accordance 
with the standards contained in this part, which authorizes the 
individual to operate a class of a commercial motor vehicle.
    Commercial driver's license information system (CDLIS) means the 
CDLIS established by FMCSA pursuant to section 12007 of the Commercial 
Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986.
    Commercial learner's permit (CLP) means a permit issued to an 
individual by a State or other jurisdiction of domicile, in accordance 
with the standards contained in this part, which, when carried with a 
valid driver's license issued by the same State or jurisdiction, 
authorizes the individual to operate a class of a commercial motor 
vehicle when accompanied by a holder of a valid CDL for purposes of 
behind-the-wheel training. When issued to a CDL holder, a CLP serves as 
authorization for accompanied behind-the-wheel training in a CMV for 
which the holder's current CDL is not valid.
    Commercial motor vehicle (CMV) means a motor vehicle or combination 
of motor vehicles used in commerce to transport passengers or property 
if the motor vehicle is a--
    (1) Combination Vehicle (Group A)--having a gross combination weight 
rating or gross combination weight of 11,794 kilograms or more (26,001 
pounds or more), whichever is greater, inclusive of a towed unit(s) with 
a gross vehicle weight rating or gross vehicle weight of more than 4,536 
kilograms (10,000 pounds), whichever is greater; or
    (2) Heavy Straight Vehicle (Group B)--having a gross vehicle weight 
rating or gross vehicle weight of 11,794 or more kilograms (26,001 
pounds or more), whichever is greater; or
    (3) Small Vehicle (Group C) that does not meet Group A or B 
requirements but that either--
    (i) Is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the 
driver; or
    (ii) Is of any size and is used in the transportation of hazardous 
materials as defined in this section.
    Controlled substance has the meaning such term has under 21 U.S.C. 
802(6) and includes all substances listed on schedules I through V of 21 
CFR 1308 (Sec. Sec.  1308.11 through 1308.15), as they may be amended by 
the United States Department of Justice.
    Conviction means an unvacated adjudication of guilt, or a 
determination that a person has violated or failed to comply with the 
law in a court of original jurisdiction or by an authorized 
administrative tribunal, an unvacated forfeiture of bail or collateral 
deposited to secure the person's appearance in court, a plea of guilty 
or nolo contendere accepted by the court, the payment of a fine or court 
cost, or violation of a condition of release without bail, regardless of 
whether or not the penalty is rebated, suspended, or probated.
    Disqualification means any of the following three actions:
    (1) The suspension, revocation, or cancellation of a CLP or CDL by 
the State or jurisdiction of issuance.

[[Page 243]]

    (2) Any withdrawal of a person's privileges to drive a CMV by a 
State or other jurisdiction as the result of a violation of State or 
local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than parking, 
vehicle weight or vehicle defect violations).
    (3) A determination by the FMCSA that a person is not qualified to 
operate a commercial motor vehicle under part 391 of this subchapter.
    Driver applicant means an individual who applies to a State or other 
jurisdiction to obtain, transfer, upgrade, or renew a CDL or to obtain 
or renew a CLP.
    Driver's license means a license issued by a State or other 
jurisdiction, to an individual which authorizes the individual to 
operate a motor vehicle on the highways.
    Driving a commercial motor vehicle while under the influence of 
alcohol means committing any one or more of the following acts in a 
CMV--
    (1) Driving a CMV while the person's alcohol concentration is 0.04 
or more;
    (2) Driving under the influence of alcohol, as prescribed by State 
law; or
    (3) Refusal to undergo such testing as is required by any State or 
jurisdiction in the enforcement of Sec.  383.51(b) or Sec.  392.5(a)(2) 
of this subchapter.
    Electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a cellular 
telephone; personal digital assistant; pager; computer; or any other 
device used to input, write, send, receive, or read text.
    Eligible unit of local government means a city, town, borough, 
county, parish, district, or other public body created by or pursuant to 
State law which has a total population of 3,000 individuals or less.
    Employee means any operator of a commercial motor vehicle, including 
full time, regularly employed drivers; casual, intermittent or 
occasional drivers; leased drivers and independent, owner-operator 
contractors (while in the course of operating a commercial motor 
vehicle) who are either directly employed by or under lease to an 
employer.
    Employer means any person (including the United States, a State, 
District of Columbia or a political subdivision of a State) who owns or 
leases a commercial motor vehicle or assigns employees to operate such a 
vehicle.
    Endorsement means an authorization to an individual's CLP or CDL 
required to permit the individual to operate certain types of commercial 
motor vehicles.
    Fatality means the death of a person as a result of a motor vehicle 
accident.
    Felony means an offense under State or Federal law that is 
punishable by death or imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year.
    Foreign means outside the fifty United States and the District of 
Columbia.
    Foreign commercial driver means an individual licensed to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle by an authority outside the United States, or a 
citizen of a foreign country who operates a commercial motor vehicle in 
the United States.
    Gross combination weight rating (GCWR) is the greater of:
    (1) A value specified by the manufacturer of the power unit, if such 
value is displayed on the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 
certification label required by the National Highway Traffic Safety 
Administration, or
    (2) The sum of the gross vehicle weight ratings (GVWRs) or the gross 
vehicle weights (GVWs) of the power unit and the towed unit(s), or any 
combination thereof, that produces the highest value. Exception: The 
GCWR of the power unit will not be used to define a commercial motor 
vehicle when the power unit is not towing another vehicle.
    Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) means the value specified by the 
manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single vehicle.
    Hazardous materials means any material that has been designated as 
hazardous under 49 U.S.C. 5103 and is required to be placarded under 
subpart F of 49 CFR part 172 or any quantity of a material listed as a 
select agent or toxin in 42 CFR part 73.
    Imminent hazard means the existence of any condition of vehicle, 
employee, or commercial motor vehicle operations that substantially 
increases the likelihood of serious injury or death if not discontinued 
immediately; or a

[[Page 244]]

condition relating to hazardous material that presents a substantial 
likelihood that death, serious illness, severe personal injury, or a 
substantial endangerment to health, property, or the environment may 
occur before the reasonably foreseeable completion date of a formal 
proceeding begun to lessen the risk of that death, illness, injury or 
endangerment.
    Manual transmission (also known as a stick shift, stick, straight 
drive or standard transmission) means a transmission utilizing a driver-
operated clutch that is activated by a pedal or lever and a gear-shift 
mechanism operated either by hand or foot. All other transmissions, 
whether semi-automatic or automatic, will be considered automatic for 
the purposes of the standardized restriction code.
    Military service member means a member of the United States Army, 
Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard, and their associated 
reserve, and National Guard units.
    Military services means the United States Army, Navy, Marine Corps, 
Air Force, and Coast Guard, and their associated reserve and National 
Guard units.
    Mobile telephone means a mobile communication device that falls 
under or uses any commercial mobile radio service, as defined in 
regulations of the Federal Communications Commission, 47 CFR 20.3. It 
does not include two-way or Citizens Band Radio services.
    Motor vehicle means a vehicle, machine, tractor, trailer, or 
semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power used on highways, 
except that such term does not include a vehicle, machine, tractor, 
trailer, semitrailer operated exclusively on a rail.
    Non-CDL means any other type of motor vehicle license, such as an 
automobile driver's license, a chauffeur's license, or a motorcycle 
license.
    Non-CMV means a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles not 
defined by the term ``commercial motor vehicle (CMV)'' in this section.
    Non-domiciled CLP or Non-domiciled CDL means a CLP or CDL, 
respectively, issued by a State or other jurisdiction under either of 
the following two conditions:
    (1) To an individual domiciled in a foreign country meeting the 
requirements of Sec.  383.23(b)(1).
    (2) To an individual domiciled in another State meeting the 
requirements of Sec.  383.23(b)(2).
    Out-of-service order means a declaration by an authorized 
enforcement officer of a Federal, State, Canadian, Mexican, or local 
jurisdiction that a driver, a commercial motor vehicle, or a motor 
carrier operation, is out-of-service pursuant to Sec. Sec.  386.72, 
392.5, 395.13, 396.9, or compatible laws, or the North American Uniform 
Out-of-Service Criteria.
    Representative vehicle means a motor vehicle which represents the 
type of motor vehicle that a driver applicant operates or expects to 
operate.
    School bus means a CMV used to transport pre-primary, primary, or 
secondary school students from home to school, from school to home, or 
to and from school-sponsored events. School bus does not include 
operations of a for-hire motor carrier.
    State means a State of the United States and the District of 
Columbia.
    State of domicile means that State where a person has his/her true, 
fixed, and permanent home and principal residence and to which he/she 
has the intention of returning whenever he/she is absent.
    Tank vehicle means any commercial motor vehicle that is designed to 
transport any liquid or gaseous materials within a tank or tanks having 
an individual rated capacity of more than 119 gallons and an aggregate 
rated capacity of 1,000 gallons or more that is either permanently or 
temporarily attached to the vehicle or the chassis. A commercial motor 
vehicle transporting an empty storage container tank, not designed for 
transportation, with a rated capacity of 1,000 gallons or more that is 
temporarily attached to a flatbed trailer is not considered a tank 
vehicle.
    Texting means manually entering alphanumeric text into, or reading 
text from, an electronic device.
    (1) This action includes, but is not limited to, short message 
service, emailing, instant messaging, a command or request to access a 
World Wide Web page, pressing more than a single

[[Page 245]]

button to initiate or terminate a voice communication using a mobile 
telephone, or engaging in any other form of electronic text retrieval or 
entry, for present or future communication.
    (2) Texting does not include:
    (i) Inputting, selecting, or reading information on a global 
positioning system or navigation system; or
    (ii) Pressing a single button to initiate or terminate a voice 
communication using a mobile telephone; or
    (iii) Using a device capable of performing multiple functions (e.g., 
fleet management systems, dispatching devices, smart phones, citizens 
band radios, music players, etc.) for a purpose that is not otherwise 
prohibited in this part.
    Third party skills test examiner means a person employed by a third 
party tester who is authorized by the State to administer the CDL skills 
tests specified in subparts G and H of this part.
    Third party tester means a person (including, but not limited to, 
another State, a motor carrier, a private driver training facility or 
other private institution, or a department, agency or instrumentality of 
a local government) authorized by the State to employ skills test 
examiners to administer the CDL skills tests specified in subparts G and 
H of this part.
    TWIC means Transportation Worker Identification Credential as that 
term is defined in 49 CFR 1570.3, which is the transportation security 
card issued by TSA under the authority of 46 U.S.C. 70105.
    United States means the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
    Vehicle means a motor vehicle unless otherwise specified.
    Vehicle group means a class or type of vehicle with certain 
operating characteristics.

[52 FR 20587, June 1, 1987]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
383.5, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.



Sec.  383.7  Validity of CDL issued by decertified State.

    A CDL issued by a State prior to the date the State is notified by 
the Administrator, in accordance with the provisions of Sec.  384.405 of 
this subchapter, that the State is prohibited from issuing CDLs, will 
remain valid until its stated expiration date.

[67 FR 49756, July 31, 2002]



                  Subpart B_Single License Requirement



Sec.  383.21  Number of drivers' licenses.

    No person who operates a commercial motor vehicle shall at any time 
have more than one driver's license.

[64 FR 48110, Sept. 2, 1999]



Sec.  383.23  Commercial driver's license.

    (a) General rule. (1) No person shall operate a CMV unless such 
person has taken and passed knowledge and driving skills tests for a CLP 
or CDL that meet the Federal standards contained in subparts F, G, and H 
of this part for the CMV that person operates or expects to operate.
    (2) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, no person 
may legally operate a CMV unless such person possesses a CDL which meets 
the standards contained in subpart J of this part, issued by his/her 
State or jurisdiction of domicile.
    (b) Exception. (1) If a CMV operator is not domiciled in a foreign 
jurisdiction that the Administrator has determined tests drivers and 
issues CDLs in accordance with, or under standards similar to, the 
standards contained in subparts F, G, and H of this part,\1\ the

[[Page 246]]

person may obtain a Non-domiciled CLP or Non-domiciled CDL from a State 
that does comply with the testing and licensing standards contained in 
such subparts F, G, and H of this part, so long as that person meets the 
requirements of Sec.  383.71(f).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Effective December 29, 1988, the Administrator determined that 
commercial driver's licenses issued by Canadian Provinces and 
Territories in conformity with the Canadian National Safety Code are in 
accordance with the standards of this part. Effective November 21, 1991, 
and as amended on January 19, 2017, the Administrator determined that 
the new Licencias Federales de Conductor issued by the United Mexican 
States are in accordance with the standards of this part. Therefore, 
under the single license provision of Sec.  383.21, a driver holding a 
commercial driver's license issued under the Canadian National Safety 
Code or a new Licencia Federal de Conductor issued by Mexico is 
prohibited from obtaining a non-domiciled CDL, or any other type of 
driver's license, from a State or other jurisdiction in the United 
States.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) If an individual is domiciled in a State while that State is 
prohibited from issuing CDLs in accordance with Sec.  384.405 of this 
subchapter, that individual is eligible to obtain a Non-domiciled CLP or 
Non-domiciled CDL from any State that elects to issue a Non-domiciled 
CDL and which complies with the testing and licensing standards 
contained in subparts F, G, and H of this part, so long as that person 
meets the requirements of Sec.  383.71(f).
    (3) If an individual possesses a CLP, as defined in Sec.  383.5, the 
individual is authorized to operate a class of CMV as provided by the 
CLP in accordance with Sec.  383.25.

[76 FR 26878, May 9, 2011, as amended at 83 FR 22875, May 17, 2018; 83 
FR 48975, Sept. 28, 2018]



Sec.  383.25  Commercial learner's permit (CLP).

    (a) A CLP is considered a valid CDL for purposes of behind-the-wheel 
training on public roads or highways, if all of the following minimum 
conditions are met:
    (1) The CLP holder is at all times accompanied by the holder of a 
valid CDL who has the proper CDL group and endorsement(s) necessary to 
operate the CMV. The CDL holder must at all times be physically present 
in the front seat of the vehicle next to the CLP holder or, in the case 
of a passenger vehicle, directly behind or in the first row behind the 
driver and must have the CLP holder under observation and direct 
supervision.
    (2) The CLP holder holds a valid driver's license issued by the same 
jurisdiction that issued the CLP.
    (3) The CLP holder must have taken and passed a general knowledge 
test that meets the Federal standards contained in subparts F, G, and H 
of this part for the commercial motor vehicle that person operates or 
expects to operate.
    (4) The CLP holder must be 18 years of age or older.
    (5) Endorsements:
    (i) A CLP holder with a passenger (P) endorsement must have taken 
and passed the P endorsement knowledge test. A CLP holder with a P 
endorsement is prohibited from operating a CMV carrying passengers, 
other than Federal/State auditors and inspectors, test examiners, other 
trainees, and the CDL holder accompanying the CLP holder as prescribed 
by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. The P endorsement must be class 
specific.
    (ii) A CLP holder with a school bus (S) endorsement must have taken 
and passed the S endorsement knowledge test. A CLP holder with an S 
endorsement is prohibited from operating a school bus with passengers 
other than Federal/State auditors and inspectors, test examiners, other 
trainees, and the CDL holder accompanying the CLP holder as prescribed 
by paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
    (iii) A CLP holder with a tank vehicle (N) endorsement must have 
taken and passed the N endorsement knowledge test. A CLP holder with an 
N endorsement may only operate an empty tank vehicle and is prohibited 
from operating any tank vehicle that previously contained hazardous 
materials that has not been purged of any residue.
    (iv) All other Federal endorsements are prohibited on a CLP.
    (6) The CLP holder does not operate a commercial motor vehicle 
transporting hazardous materials as defined in Sec.  383.5.
    (b) The CLP must be a separate document from the CDL or non-CDL.
    (c) The CLP must be valid for no more than one year from the initial 
date of issuance without requiring the CLP holder to retake the general 
and endorsement knowledge tests. CLPs issued for a period of less than 
one year may be renewed provided the CLP is not valid for more than one 
year from the date of initial issuance.
    (d) The issuance of a CLP is a precondition to the initial issuance 
of a CDL. The issuance of a CLP is also a precondition to the upgrade of 
a CDL if the upgrade requires a skills test.

[[Page 247]]

    (e) The CLP holder is not eligible to take the CDL skills test in 
the first 14 days after initial issuance of the CLP.

[76 FR 26879, May 9, 2011, as amended at 83 FR 65571, Dec. 21, 2018; 84 
FR 51432, Sept. 30, 2019]



    Subpart C_Notification Requirements and Employer Responsibilities



Sec.  383.31  Notification of convictions for driver violations.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, each person 
who operates a commercial motor vehicle, who has a commercial learner's 
permit or commercial driver's license issued by a State or jurisdiction, 
and who is convicted of violating, in any type of motor vehicle, a State 
or local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than a 
parking violation) in a State or jurisdiction other than the one which 
issued his/her permit or license, shall notify an official designated by 
the State or jurisdiction which issued such permit or license, of such 
conviction. The notification must be made within 30 days after the date 
that the person has been convicted.
    (b) Each person who operates a commercial motor vehicle, who has a 
commercial driver's license issued by a State or jurisdiction, and who 
is convicted of violating, in any type of motor vehicle, a State or 
local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than a 
parking violation), shall notify his/her current employer of such 
conviction. The notification must be made within 30 days after the date 
that the person has been convicted. If the driver is not currently 
employed, he/she must notify the State or jurisdiction which issued the 
license according to Sec.  383.31(a).
    (c) Notification. The notification to the State official and 
employer must be made in writing and contain the following information:
    (1) Driver's full name;
    (2) Driver's license number;
    (3) Date of conviction;
    (4) The specific criminal or other offense(s), serious traffic 
violation(s), and other violation(s) of State or local law relating to 
motor vehicle traffic control, for which the person was convicted and 
any suspension, revocation, or cancellation of certain driving 
privileges which resulted from such conviction(s);
    (5) Indication whether the violation was in a commercial motor 
vehicle;
    (6) Location of offense; and
    (7) Driver's signature.
    (d) A person is considered to be in compliance with the requirements 
of paragraph (a) of this section if the conviction occurs in a State or 
jurisdiction that is in substantial compliance with 49 CFR 384.209 and 
has not been de-certified in accordance with 49 CFR 384.405.

[52 FR 20587, June 1, 1987, as amended at 54 FR 40787, Oct. 3, 1989; 78 
FR 24688, Apr. 26, 2013]



Sec.  383.33  Notification of driver's license suspensions.

    Each employee who has a driver's license suspended, revoked, or 
canceled by a State or jurisdiction, who loses the right to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle in a State or jurisdiction for any period, or 
who is disqualified from operating a commercial motor vehicle for any 
period, shall notify his/her current employer of such suspension, 
revocation, cancellation, lost privilege, or disqualification. The 
notification must be made before the end of the business day following 
the day the employee received notice of the suspension, revocation, 
cancellation, lost privilege, or disqualification.

[54 FR 40788, Oct. 3, 1989]



Sec.  383.35  Notification of previous employment.

    (a) Any person applying for employment as an operator of a 
commercial motor vehicle shall provide at the time of application for 
employment, the information specified in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (b) All employers shall request the information specified in 
paragraph (c) of this section from all persons applying for employment 
as a commercial motor vehicle operator. The request shall be made at the 
time of application for employment.

[[Page 248]]

    (c) The following employment history information for the 10 years 
preceding the date the application is submitted shall be presented to 
the prospective employer by the applicant:
    (1) A list of the names and addresses of the applicant's previous 
employers for which the applicant was an operator of a commercial motor 
vehicle;
    (2) The dates the applicant was employed by these employers; and
    (3) The reason for leaving such employment.
    (d) The applicant shall certify that all information furnished is 
true and complete.
    (e) An employer may require an applicant to provide additional 
information.
    (f) Before an application is submitted, the employer shall inform 
the applicant that the information he/she provides in accordance with 
paragraph (c) of this section may be used, and the applicant's previous 
employers may be contacted for the purpose of investigating the 
applicant's work history.



Sec.  383.37  Employer responsibilities.

    No employer may allow, require, permit, or authorize a driver to 
operate a CMV in the United States if he or she knows or should 
reasonably know that any of the following circumstances exist:
    (a) During any period in which the driver does not have a current 
CLP or CDL or does not have a CLP or CDL with the proper class or 
endorsements. An employer may not use a driver to operate a CMV who 
violates any restriction on the driver's CLP or CDL.
    (b) During any period in which the driver has a CLP or CDL 
disqualified by a State, has lost the right to operate a CMV in a State, 
or has been disqualified from operating a CMV.
    (c) During any period in which the driver has more than one CLP or 
CDL.
    (d) During any period in which the driver, or the CMV he/she is 
driving, or the motor carrier operation, is subject to an out-of-service 
order.
    (e) In violation of a Federal, State, or local law or regulation 
pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossings.

[76 FR 26879, May 9, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 60231, Oct. 1, 2013]



            Subpart D_Driver Disqualifications and Penalties



Sec.  383.51  Disqualification of drivers.

    (a) General. (1) A person required to have a CLP or CDL who is 
disqualified must not drive a CMV.
    (2) An employer must not knowingly allow, require, permit, or 
authorize a driver who is disqualified to drive a CMV.
    (3) A holder of a CLP or CDL is subject to disqualification 
sanctions designated in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, if the 
holder drives a CMV or non-CMV and is convicted of the violations listed 
in those paragraphs.
    (4) Determining first and subsequent violations. For purposes of 
determining first and subsequent violations of the offenses specified in 
this subpart, each conviction for any offense listed in Tables 1 through 
4 to this section resulting from a separate incident, whether committed 
in a CMV or non-CMV, must be counted.
    (5) The disqualification period must be in addition to any other 
previous periods of disqualification.
    (6) Reinstatement after lifetime disqualification. A State may 
reinstate any driver disqualified for life for offenses described in 
paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section (Table 1 to Sec.  383.51) 
after 10 years, if that person has voluntarily entered and successfully 
completed an appropriate rehabilitation program approved by the State. 
Any person who has been reinstated in accordance with this provision and 
who is subsequently convicted of a disqualifying offense described in 
paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section (Table 1 to Sec.  383.51) 
must not be reinstated.
    (7) A foreign commercial driver is subject to disqualification under 
this subpart.
    (b) Disqualification for major offenses. Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 
contains a list of the offenses and periods for which a person who is 
required to have a CLP or CDL is disqualified, depending upon the type 
of vehicle the driver is operating at the time of the violation, as 
follows:

[[Page 249]]



                                                                Table 1 to Sec.   383.51
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                          For a first            For a second
                                                                                     conviction or refusal  conviction or refusal       For a second
                                     For a first conviction                            to be tested while     to be tested in a    conviction or refusal
                                        or refusal to be     For a first conviction     operating a CMV      separate incident of    to be tested in a
                                     tested while operating     or refusal to be          transporting        any combination of    separate incident of
                                         a CMV, a person     tested while operating   hazardous materials      offenses in this      any combination of
    If a driver operates a motor     required to have a CLP    a non-CMV, a CLP or     as defined in Sec.   Table while operating     offenses in this
    vehicle and is convicted of:       or CDL and a CLP or     CDL holder must be       383.5, a person        a CMV, a person     Table while operating
                                       CDL holder must be       disqualified from      required to have a     required to have a    a non-CMV, a CLP or
                                        disqualified from     operating a CMV for *   CLP or CDL and a CLP   CLP or CDL and a CLP    CDL holder must be
                                      operating a CMV for *            * *           or CDL holder must be  or CDL holder must be    disqualified from
                                               * *                                     disqualified from      disqualified from    operating a CMV for *
                                                                                     operating a CMV for *  operating a CMV for *           * *
                                                                                              * *                    * *
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Being under the influence of     1 year................  1 year................  3 years..............  Life.................  Life.
 alcohol as prescribed by State law
 * * *.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Being under the influence of a   1 year................  1 year................  3 years..............  Life.................  Life.
 controlled substance * * *.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(3) Having an alcohol concentration  1 year................  Not applicable........  3 years..............  Life.................  Not applicable.
 of 0.04 or greater while operating
 a CMV * * *.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(4) Refusing to take an alcohol      1 year................  1 year................  3 years..............  Life.................  Life.
 test as required by a State or
 jurisdiction under its implied
 consent laws or regulations as
 defined in Sec.   383.72 of this
 part * * *.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(5) Leaving the scene of an          1 year................  1 year................  3 years..............  Life.................  Life.
 accident * * *.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(6) Using the vehicle to commit a    1 year................  1 year................  3 years..............  Life.................  Life.
 felony, other than a felony
 described in paragraph (b)(9) or
 (10) of this table * * *.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(7) Driving a CMV when, as a result  1 year................  Not applicable........  3 years..............  Life.................  Not applicable.
 of prior violations committed
 operating a CMV, the driver's CLP
 or CDL is revoked, suspended, or
 canceled, or the driver is
 disqualified from operating a CMV.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(8) Causing a fatality through the   1 year................  Not applicable........  3 years..............  Life.................  Not applicable.
 negligent operation of a CMV,
 including but not limited to the
 crimes of motor vehicle
 manslaughter, homicide by motor
 vehicle and negligent homicide.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(9) Using the vehicle in the         Life-not eligible for   Life-not eligible for   Life-not eligible for  Life-not eligible for  Life-not eligible for
 commission of a felony involving     10-year reinstatement.  10-year reinstatement.  10-year                10-year                10-year
 manufacturing, distributing, or                                                      reinstatement.         reinstatement.         reinstatement
 dispensing a controlled substance
 * * *.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(10) Using a CMV in the commission   Life--not eligible for  Not applicable........  Life--not eligible     Life--not eligible     Not applicable.
 of a felony involving an act or      10-year reinstatement.                          for 10-year            for 10-year
 practice of severe forms of                                                          reinstatement.         reinstatement.
 trafficking in persons, as defined
 and described in 22 U.S.C.
 7102(11).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 250]]

    (c) Disqualification for serious traffic violations. Table 2 to 
Sec.  383.51 contains a list of the offenses and the periods for which a 
person who is required to have a CLP or CDL is disqualified, depending 
upon the type of vehicle the driver is operating at the time of the 
violation, as follows:

                                            Table 2 to Sec.   383.51
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                For a third or
                                                         For a second                             subsequent
                                                       conviction of any                       conviction of any
                                                        combination of                          combination of
                                     For a second      offenses in this     For a third or     offenses in this
                                   conviction of any      Table in a          subsequent          Table in a
                                    combination of     separate incident   conviction of any   separate incident
                                   offenses in this     within a 3-year     combination of      within a 3-year
                                      Table in a         period while      offenses in this      period while
                                   separate incident   operating a non-       Table in a       operating a non-
                                    within a 3-year    CMV, a CLP or CDL   separate incident   CMV, a CLP or CDL
 If the driver operates a motor      period while       holder must be      within a 3-year     holder must be
  vehicle and is convicted of:    operating a CMV, a   disqualified from     period while      disqualified from
                                  person required to   operating a CMV,   operating a CMV, a   operating a CMV,
                                   have a CLP or CDL   if the conviction  person required to   if the conviction
                                   and a CLP or CDL     results in the     have a CLP or CDL    results in the
                                    holder must be        revocation,      and a CLP or CDL       revocation,
                                   disqualified from   cancellation, or     holder must be     cancellation, or
                                    operating a CMV    suspension of the   disqualified from   suspension of the
                                       for * * *          CLP or CDL        operating a CMV       CLP or CDL
                                                       holder's license        for * * *       holder's license
                                                      or non-CMV driving                      or non-CMV driving
                                                       privileges, for *                       privileges, for *
                                                              * *                                     * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Speeding excessively,         60 days...........  60 days...........  120 days..........  120 days.
 involving any speed of 24.1
 kmph (15 mph) or more above the
 regulated or posted speed limit.
(2) Driving recklessly, as        60 days...........  60 days...........  120 days..........  120 days.
 defined by State or local law
 or regulation, including but,
 not limited to, offenses of
 driving a motor vehicle in
 willful or wanton disregard for
 the safety of persons or
 property.
(3) Making improper or erratic    60 days...........  60 days...........  120 days..........  120 days.
 traffic lane changes.
(4) Following the vehicle ahead   60 days...........  60 days...........  120 days..........  120 days.
 too closely.
(5) Violating State or local law  60 days...........  60 days...........  120 days..........  120 days.
 relating to motor vehicle
 traffic control (other than a
 parking violation) arising in
 connection with a fatal
 accident.
(6) Driving a CMV without         60 days...........  Not applicable....  120 days..........  Not applicable.
 obtaining a CLP or CDL.
(7) Driving a CMV without a CLP   60 days...........  Not applicable....  120 days..........  Not applicable.
 or CDL in the driver's
 possession \1\.
(8) Driving a CMV without the     60 days...........  Not applicable....  120 days..........  Not applicable.
 proper class of CLP or CDL and/
 or endorsements for the
 specific vehicle group being
 operated or for the passengers
 or type of cargo being
 transported.
(9) Violating a State or local    60 days...........  Not applicable....  120 days..........  Not applicable.
 law or ordinance on motor
 vehicle traffic control
 prohibiting texting while
 driving a CMV.\2\.

[[Page 251]]

 
(10) Violating a State or local   60 days...........  Not applicable....  120 days..........  Not applicable.
 law or ordinance on motor
 vehicle traffic control
 restricting or prohibiting the
 use of a hand-held mobile
 telephone while driving a
 CMV.\2\.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Any individual who provides proof to the enforcement authority that issued the citation, by the date the
  individual must appear in court or pay any fine for such a violation, that the individual held a valid CLP or
  CDL on the date the citation was issued, shall not be guilty of this offense.
\2\ Driving, for the purpose of this disqualification, means operating a commercial motor vehicle on a highway,
  including while temporarily stationary because of traffic, a traffic control device, or other momentary
  delays. Driving does not include operating a commercial motor vehicle when the driver has moved the vehicle to
  the side of, or off, a highway and has halted in a location where the vehicle can safely remain stationary.

    (d) Disqualification for railroad-highway grade crossing offenses. 
Table 3 to Sec.  383.51 contains a list of the offenses and the periods 
for which a person who is required to have a CLP or CDL is disqualified, 
when the driver is operating a CMV at the time of the violation, as 
follows:

                                            Table 3 to Sec.   383.51
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                       For a third or subsequent
                                                           For a second conviction of      conviction of any
                                                               any combination of       combination of offenses
                                For a first conviction a    offenses in this Table in      in this Table in a
If the driver is convicted of   person required to have a  a separate incident within   separate incident within
 operating a CMV in violation    CLP or CDL and a CLP or    a 3-year period, a person  a 3-year period, a person
 of a Federal, State or local      CDL holder must be       required to have a CLP or  required to have a CLP or
      law because * * *.            disqualified from         CDL and a CLP or CDL        CDL and a CLP or CDL
                                operating a CMV for * * *        holder must be              holder must be
                                                                disqualified from          disqualified from
                                                            operating a CMV for * * *  operating a CMV for * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) The driver is not          No less than 60 days......  No less than 120 days.....  No less than 1 year.
 required to always stop, but
 fails to slow down and check
 that tracks are clear of an
 approaching train * * *.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) The driver is not          No less than 60 days......  No less than 120 days.....  No less than 1 year.
 required to always stop, but
 fails to stop before
 reaching the crossing, if
 the tracks are not clear * *
 *.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(3) The driver is always       No less than 60 days......  No less than 120 days.....  No less than 1 year.
 required to stop, but fails
 to stop before driving onto
 the crossing * * *.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(4) The driver fails to have   No less than 60 days......  No less than 120 days.....  No less than 1 year.
 sufficient space to drive
 completely through the
 crossing without stopping *
 * *.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 252]]

 
(5) The driver fails to obey   No less than 60 days......  No less than 120 days.....  No less than 1 year.
 a traffic control device or
 the directions of an
 enforcement official at the
 crossing * * *.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(6) The driver fails to        No less than 60 days......  No less than 120 days.....  No less than 1 year.
 negotiate a crossing because
 of insufficient
 undercarriage clearance * *
 *.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (e) Disqualification for violating out-of-service orders. Table 4 to 
Sec.  383.51 contains a list of the offenses and periods for which a 
person who is required to have a CLP or CDL is disqualified when the 
driver is operating a CMV at the time of the violation, as follows:

                                            TABLE 4 TO Sec.   383.51
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                For a second conviction       For a third or
                                                                 in a separate incident   subsequent conviction
                                        For a first conviction  within a 10-year period   in a separate incident
                                        while operating a CMV,   while operating a CMV,  within a 10-year period
                                         a person required to     a person required to    while operating a CMV,
 If the driver operates a CMV and is   have a CLP or CDL and a  have a CLP or CDL and a    a person required to
          convicted of * * *            CLP or CDL holder must   CLP or CDL holder must  have a CLP or CDL and a
                                         be disqualified from     be disqualified from    CLP or CDL holder must
                                       operating a CMV for * *  operating a CMV for * *    be disqualified from
                                                  *                        *             operating a CMV for * *
                                                                                                    *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Violating a driver or vehicle out- No less than 180 days    No less than 2 years or  No less than 3 years or
 of-service order while transporting    or more than 1 year.     more than 5 years.       more than 5 years.
 nonhazardous materials.
(2) Violating a driver or vehicle out- No less than 180 days    No less than 3 years or  No less than 3 years or
 of-service order while transporting    or more than 2 years.    more than 5 years.       more than 5 years.
 hazardous materials as defined in
 Sec.   383.5, or while operating a
 vehicle designed to transport 16 or
 more passengers, including the
 driver.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[67 FR 49756, July 31, 2002, as amended at 68 FR 4396, Jan. 29, 2003; 72 
FR 36787, July 5, 2007; 75 FR 59134, Sept. 27, 2010; 76 FR 26879, May 9, 
2011; 76 FR 75486, Dec. 2, 2011; 77 FR 59825, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 58479, 
Sept. 24, 2013; 78 FR 60231, Oct. 1, 2013; 84 FR 35338, July 23, 2019; 
86 FR 35640, July 7, 2021]



Sec.  383.52  Disqualification of drivers determined to constitute an
imminent hazard.

    (a) The Assistant Administrator or his/her designee must disqualify 
from operating a CMV any driver whose driving is determined to 
constitute an imminent hazard, as defined in Sec.  383.5.
    (b) The period of the disqualification may not exceed 30 days unless 
the FMCSA complies with the provisions of paragraph (c) of this section.
    (c) The Assistant Administrator or his/her delegate may provide the 
driver an opportunity for a hearing after issuing a disqualification for 
a period of 30 days or less. The Assistant Administrator or his/her 
delegate must provide the driver notice of a proposed disqualification 
period of more than 30 days and an opportunity for a hearing to present 
a defense to the proposed disqualification. A disqualification imposed 
under this paragraph may not exceed one year in duration. The driver, or 
a representative on his/her behalf,

[[Page 253]]

may file an appeal of the disqualification issued by the Assistant 
Administrator's delegate with the Assistant Administrator, Adjudications 
Counsel (MC-CC), Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New 
Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (d) Any disqualification imposed in accordance with the provisions 
of this section must be transmitted by the FMCSA to the jurisdiction 
where the driver is licensed and must become a part of the driver's 
record maintained by that jurisdiction.
    (e) A driver who is simultaneously disqualified under this section 
and under other provisions of this subpart, or under State law or 
regulation, shall serve those disqualification periods concurrently.

[67 FR 49759, July 31, 2002, as amended at 72 FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  383.53  Penalties.

    (a) General rule. Any person who violates the rules set forth in 
subparts B and C of this part may be subject to civil or criminal 
penalties under 49 U.S.C. 521(b), as provided in part 386, Appendix B, 
of this chapter.
    (b) Special penalties pertaining to violation of out-of-service 
orders--(1) Driver violations. A driver who is convicted of violating an 
out-of-service order shall be subject to a civil penalty as stated in 
part 386 Appendix B, in addition to disqualification under Sec.  
383.51(e).
    (2) Employer violations. An employer who is convicted of a violation 
of Sec.  383.37(d) shall be subject to a civil penalty as stated in part 
386, appendix B, of this chapter.
    (c) Special penalties pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossing 
violations. An employer who is convicted of a violation of Sec.  
383.37(e) shall be subject to a civil penalty stated in part 386, 
appendix B, of this chapter.

[80 FR 18155, Apr. 3, 2015]



               Subpart E_Testing and Licensing Procedures

    Source: 53 FR 27649, July 21, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  383.71  Driver application and certification procedures.

    (a) Commercial Learner's Permit. Prior to obtaining a CLP, a person 
must meet the following requirements:
    (1) The person must be 18 years of age or older and provide proof of 
his/her age.
    (2) The person must have taken and passed a general knowledge test 
that meets the Federal standards contained in subparts F, G, and H of 
this part for the commercial motor vehicle group that person operates or 
expects to operate.
    (3) The person must certify that he/she is not subject to any 
disqualification under Sec.  383.51, or any license disqualification 
under State law, and that he/she does not have a driver's license from 
more than one State or jurisdiction.
    (4) The person must provide to the State of issuance the information 
required to be included on the CLP as specified in subpart J of this 
part.
    (5) The person must provide to the State proof of citizenship or 
lawful permanent residency as specified in Table 1 of this section or 
obtain a Non-domiciled CLP as specified in paragraph (f) of this 
section.
    (6) The person must provide proof that the State to which 
application is made is his/her State of domicile, as the term is defined 
in Sec.  383.5. Acceptable proof of domicile is a document with the 
person's name and residential address within the State, such as a 
government issued tax form.
    (7) The person must provide the names of all States where the 
applicant has been licensed to drive any type of motor vehicle during 
the previous 10 years.
    (8) A person seeking a passenger (P), school bus (S) or tank vehicle 
(N) endorsement must have taken and passed the endorsement knowledge 
test for the specific endorsement.
    (9) The person must provide the State the certification contained in 
paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
    (10) Beginning on February 7, 2022, a person must complete the 
training prescribed in subpart F of part 380 of this chapter before 
taking the skills test for a Class A or B CDL for the first time, or a 
skills test for a passenger (P) or

[[Page 254]]

school bus (S) endorsement for the first time, or the knowledge test for 
a hazardous materials (H) endorsement for the first time. The training 
must be administered by a provider listed on the Training Provider 
Registry.
    (b) Initial Commercial Driver's License. Prior to obtaining a CDL, a 
person must meet all of the following requirements:
    (1) Initial Commercial Driver's License applications submitted on or 
after January 30, 2012. Any person applying for a CDL on or after 
January 30, 2012, must meet the requirements set forth in paragraphs 
(b)(2) through (10), and (h) of this section, and make one of the 
following applicable certifications in paragraph (b)(1)(i), (ii), (iii), 
or (iv) of this section:
    (i) Non-excepted interstate. A person must certify that he/she 
operates or expects to operate in interstate commerce, is both subject 
to and meets the qualification requirements under 49 CFR part 391, and 
is required to obtain a medical examiner's certificate by Sec.  391.45 
of this chapter;
    (ii) Excepted interstate. A person must certify that he/she operates 
or expects to operate in interstate commerce, but engages exclusively in 
transportation or operations excepted under 49 CFR 390.3(f), 391.2, 
391.68, or 398.3 from all or parts of the qualification requirements of 
49 CFR part 391, and is therefore not required to obtain a medical 
examiner's certificate by 49 CFR 391.45 of this chapter;
    (iii) Non-excepted intrastate. A person must certify that he/she 
operates only in intrastate commerce and therefore is subject to State 
driver qualification requirements; or
    (iv) Excepted intrastate. A person must certify that he/she operates 
in intrastate commerce, but engages exclusively in transportation or 
operations excepted from all or parts of the State driver qualification 
requirements.
    (2) The person must pass a driving or skills test in accordance with 
the standards contained in subparts F, G, and H of this part taken in a 
motor vehicle that is representative of the type of motor vehicle the 
person operates or expects to operate; or provide evidence that he/she 
has successfully passed a driving test administered by an authorized 
third party.
    (3) The person must certify that the motor vehicle in which the 
person takes the driving skills test is representative of the type of 
motor vehicle that person operates or expects to operate.
    (4) The person must provide the State the information required to be 
included on the CDL as specified in subpart J of this part.
    (5) The person must certify that he/she is not subject to any 
disqualification under Sec.  383.51, or any license disqualification 
under State law, and that he/she does not have a driver's license from 
more than one State or jurisdiction.
    (6) The person must surrender his/her non-CDL driver's licenses and 
CLP to the State.
    (7) The person must provide the names of all States where he/she has 
previously been licensed to drive any type of motor vehicle during the 
previous 10 years.
    (8) If the person is applying for a hazardous materials endorsement, 
he/she must comply with Transportation Security Administration 
requirements codified in 49 CFR part 1572. A lawful permanent resident 
of the United States requesting a hazardous materials endorsement must 
additionally provide his/her U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services 
(USCIS) Alien registration number.
    (9) The person must provide proof of citizenship or lawful permanent 
residency as specified in Table 1 of this section, or be registered 
under paragraph (f) of this section.

  Table 1 to Sec.   383.71--List of Acceptable Proofs of Citizenship or
                       Lawful Permanent Residency
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Status                          Proof of status
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Citizen.................   Valid, unexpired U.S.
                                Passport.

[[Page 255]]

 
                                Certified copy of a
                                birth certificate filed with a State
                                Office of Vital Statistics or equivalent
                                agency in the individual's State of
                                birth, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands,
                                Guam, American Samoa or the Commonwealth
                                of the Northern Mariana Islands.
                                Consular Report of
                                Birth Abroad (CRBA) issued by the U.S.
                                Department of State.
                                Certificate of
                                Naturalization issued by the U.S.
                                Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
                                Certificate of
                                Citizenship issued by DHS.
Lawful Permanent Resident....   Valid, unexpired
                                Permanent Resident Card, issued by USCIS
                                or INS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (10) The person must provide proof that the State to which 
application is made is his/her State of domicile, as the term is defined 
in Sec.  383.5. Acceptable proof of domicile is a document with the 
person's name and residential address within the State, such as a 
government issued tax form.
    (11) Beginning on February 7, 2022, a person must complete the 
training prescribed in subpart F of part 380 of this chapter before 
taking the skills test for a Class A or B CDL, a passenger (P) or school 
bus (S) endorsement for the first time or the knowledge test for a 
hazardous materials (H) endorsement for the first time. The training 
must be administered by a provider listed on the Training Provider 
Registry.
    (c) License transfer. When applying to transfer a CDL from one State 
of domicile to a new State of domicile, an applicant must apply for a 
CDL from the new State of domicile within no more than 30 days after 
establishing his/her new domicile. The applicant must:
    (1) Provide to the new State of domicile the certifications 
contained in paragraphs (b)(1) and (5) of this section;
    (2) Provide to the new State of domicile updated information as 
specified in subpart J of this part;
    (3) If the applicant wishes to retain a hazardous materials 
endorsement, he/she must comply with the requirements specified in 
paragraph (b)(8) of this section and State requirements as specified in 
Sec.  383.73(c)(4);
    (4) Surrender the CDL from the old State of domicile to the new 
State of domicile; and
    (5) Provide the names of all States where the applicant has 
previously been licensed to drive any type of motor vehicle during the 
previous 10 years.
    (6) Provide to the State proof of citizenship or lawful permanent 
residency as specified in Table 1 of this section, or be registered 
under paragraph (f) of this section.
    (7) Provide proof to the State that this is his/her State of 
domicile, as the term is defined in Sec.  383.5. Acceptable proof of 
domicile is a document with the person's name and residential address 
within the State, such as a government issued tax form.
    (d) License renewal. When applying for a renewal of a CDL, all 
applicants must:
    (1) Provide to the State certifications contained in paragraphs 
(b)(1) and (5) of this section;
    (2) Provide to the State updated information as specified in subpart 
J of this part; and
    (3) If a person wishes to retain a hazardous materials endorsement, 
he/she must comply with the requirements specified in paragraph (b)(8) 
of this section and pass the test specified in Sec.  383.121 for such 
endorsement.
    (4) Provide the names of all States where the applicant has 
previously been licensed to drive any type of motor vehicle during the 
previous 10 years.
    (5) Provide to the State proof of citizenship or lawful permanent 
residency as specified in Table 1 of this section, or be registered 
under paragraph (f) of this section.
    (6) Provide proof to the State that this is his/her State of 
domicile, as the term is defined in Sec.  383.5. Acceptable proof of 
domicile is a document, such as a government issued tax form, with

[[Page 256]]

the person's name and residential address within the State.
    (e) License upgrades. When applying for a CDL or an endorsement 
authorizing the operation of a CMV not covered by the current CDL, all 
applicants must:
    (1) Provide the certifications specified in paragraph (b) of this 
section;
    (2) Pass all the knowledge tests in accordance with the standards 
contained in subparts F, G, and H of this part and all the skills tests 
specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section for the new vehicle group 
and/or different endorsements;
    (3) Comply with the requirements specified in paragraph (b)(8) of 
this section to obtain a hazardous materials endorsement;
    (4) Surrender the previous CDL; and
    (5) Beginning on February 7, 2022, a person must complete the 
training prescribed in subpart F of part 380 of this chapter before 
taking the skills test for upgrading to a Class A or B for the first 
time; or adding a passenger or school bus endorsement to a CDL for the 
first time; or knowledge test for hazardous materials endorsement for 
the first time. The training must be administered by a provider on the 
Training Provider Registry.
    (f) Non-domiciled CLP and CDL. (1) A person must obtain a Non-
domiciled CLP or CDL:
    (i) If the applicant is domiciled in a foreign jurisdiction, as 
defined in Sec.  383.5, and the Administrator has not determined that 
the commercial motor vehicle operator testing and licensing standards of 
that jurisdiction meet the standards contained in subparts G and H of 
this part.
    (ii) If the applicant is domiciled in a State that is prohibited 
from issuing CLPs and CDLs in accordance with Sec.  384.405 of this 
subchapter. That person is eligible to obtain a Non-domiciled CLP or CDL 
from any State that elects to issue a Non-domiciled CLP or CDL and that 
complies with the testing and licensing standards contained in subparts 
F, G, and H of this part.
    (2) An applicant for a Non-domiciled CLP and CDL must do both of the 
following:
    (i) Complete the requirements to obtain a CLP contained in paragraph 
(a) of this section or a CDL contained in paragraph (b) of this section. 
Exception: An applicant domiciled in a foreign jurisdiction must provide 
an unexpired employment authorization document (EAD) issued by USCIS or 
an unexpired foreign passport accompanied by an approved I-94 form 
documenting the applicant's most recent admittance into the United 
States. No proof of domicile is required.
    (ii) After receipt of the Non-domiciled CLP or CDL, and for as long 
as it is valid, notify the State which issued the Non-domiciled CLP or 
CDL of any adverse action taken by any jurisdiction or governmental 
agency, foreign or domestic, against his/her driving privileges. Such 
adverse actions include, but are not be limited to, license 
disqualification or disqualification from operating a commercial motor 
vehicle for the convictions described in Sec.  383.51. Notifications 
must be made within the time periods specified in Sec.  383.33.
    (3) An applicant for a Non-domiciled CLP or CDL is not required to 
surrender his/her foreign license.
    (g) Existing CLP and CDL Holder's Self-Certification. Every person 
who holds a CLP or CDL must provide to the State the certification 
contained in Sec.  383.71(b)(1) of this subpart.
    (h) Medical certification documentation required by the State. An 
applicant or CLP or CDL holder who certifies to non-excepted, interstate 
driving operations according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) must comply with 
applicable requirements in paragraphs (h)(1) through (3) of this 
section:
    (1) New CLP and CDL applicants. (i) Before June 23, 2025, a new CLP 
or CDL applicant who certifies that he/she will operate CMVs in non-
excepted, interstate commerce must provide the State with an original or 
copy (as required by the State) of a medical examiner's certificate 
prepared by a medical examiner, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5, and the 
State will post a medical qualification status of ``certified'' on the 
CDLIS driver record for the driver;
    (ii) On or after June 23, 2025, a new CLP or CDL applicant who 
certifies that he/she will operate CMVs in non-excepted, interstate 
commerce must be

[[Page 257]]

medically examined and certified in accordance with 49 CFR 391.43 as 
medically qualified to operate a CMV by a medical examiner, as defined 
in 49 CFR 390.5. Upon receiving an electronic copy of the medical 
examiner's certificate from FMCSA, the State will post a medical 
qualifications status of ``certified'' on the CDLIS driver record for 
the driver;
    (2) Existing CLP and CDL holders. By January 30, 2014, provide the 
State with an original or copy (as required by the State) of a current 
medical examiner's certificate prepared by a medical examiner, as 
defined in 49 CFR 390.5, and the State will post a certification status 
of ``certified'' on CDLIS driver record for the driver. If the non-
excepted, interstate CLP or CDL holder fails to provide the State with a 
current medical examiner's certificate, the State will post a 
certification status of ``not-certified'' in the CDLIS driver record for 
the driver, and initiate a CLP or CDL downgrade following State 
procedures in accordance with Sec.  383.73(o)(4); and
    (3) Maintaining the medical certification status of ``certified.'' 
(i) Before June 23, 2025, in order to maintain a medical certification 
status of ``certified,'' a CLP or CDL holder who certifies that he/she 
will operate CMVs in non-excepted, interstate commerce must provide the 
State with an original or copy (as required by the State) of each 
subsequently issued medical examiner's certificate;
    (ii) On or after June 23, 2025, in order to maintain a medical 
certification status of ``certified,'' a CLP or CDL holder who certifies 
that he/she will operate CMVs in non-excepted, interstate commerce must 
continue to be medically examined and certified in accordance with 49 
CFR 391.43 as physically qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle 
by a medical examiner, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5. FMCSA will provide 
the State with an electronic copy of the medical examiner's certificate 
information for all subsequent medical examinations in which the driver 
has been deemed qualified.
    (4) In the event of a conflict between the medical certification 
information provided electronically by FMCSA and a paper copy of the 
medical examiner's certificate, the medical certification information 
provided electronically by FMCSA shall control.

[76 FR 26881, May 9, 2011, as amended at 77 FR 59825, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 
FR 58480, Sept. 24, 2013; 80 FR 22810, Apr. 23, 2015; 80 FR 59072, Oct. 
1, 2015; 81 FR 88803, Dec. 8, 2016; 83 FR 28780, June 21, 2018; 85 FR 
6100, Feb. 4, 2020; 86 FR 32649, June 22, 2021; 86 FR 57070, Oct. 14, 
2021]



Sec.  383.72  Implied consent to alcohol testing.

    Any person who holds a CLP or CDL or is required to hold a CLP or 
CDL is considered to have consented to such testing as is required by 
any State or jurisdiction in the enforcement of item (4) of Table 1 to 
Sec.  383.51 of this subpart and Sec.  392.5(a)(2) of this subchapter. 
Consent is implied by driving a commercial motor vehicle.

[80 FR 59072, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  383.73  State procedures.

    (a) Commercial Learner's Permit. Prior to issuing a CLP to a person, 
a State must:
    (1) Require the applicant to make the certifications, pass the 
tests, and provide the information as described in Sec.  383.71(a).
    (2) Initiate and complete a check of the applicant's driving record 
as described in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
    (3) Make the CLP valid for no more than one year from the date of 
issuance without requiring the CLP holder to retake the general and 
endorsement knowledge tests. CLPs issued for a period of less than one 
year may be renewed provided the CLP is not valid for more than one year 
from the date of initial issuance.
    (4) Allow only a group-specific passenger (P) and school bus (S) 
endorsement and tank vehicle (N) endorsement on a CLP, provided the 
applicant has taken and passed the knowledge test for the specified 
endorsement. All other Federal endorsements are prohibited on a CLP; and
    (5) Complete the Social Security Number verification required by 
paragraph (g) of this section.
    (6) Require compliance with the standards for providing proof of 
citizenship or lawful permanent residency

[[Page 258]]

specified in Sec.  383.71(a)(5) and proof of State of domicile specified 
in Sec.  383.71(a)(6). Exception: A State is required to check the proof 
of citizenship or legal presence specified in this paragraph only for 
initial issuance, renewal or upgrade of a CLP or Non-domiciled CLP and 
for initial issuance, renewal, upgrade or transfer of a CDL or Non-
domiciled CDL for the first time after July 8, 2011, provided a notation 
is made on the driver's record confirming that the proof of citizenship 
or legal presence check required by this paragraph has been made and 
noting the date it was done.
    (7)(i) Before June 23, 2025, for drivers who certified their type of 
driving according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) (non-excepted interstate) 
and, if the CLP applicant submits a current medical examiner's 
certificate, date-stamp the medical examiner's certificate, and post all 
required information from the medical examiner's certificate to the 
CDLIS driver record in accordance with paragraph (o) of this section.
    (ii) On or after June 23, 2025, for drivers who certified their type 
of driving according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) (non-excepted interstate) 
and, if FMCSA provides current medical examiner's certificate 
information electronically, post all required information matching the 
medical examiner's certificate to the CDLIS driver record in accordance 
with paragraph (o) of this section.
    (8) Beginning November 18, 2024, the State must request information 
from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse, and if, in response to the 
request, the State receives notification that pursuant to Sec.  
382.501(a) of this chapter the applicant is prohibited from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle, the State must not issue, renew, or upgrade 
the CLP. If the applicant currently holds a CLP issued by the State, the 
State must also comply with the procedures set forth in paragraph (q) of 
this section.
    (b) Initial CDL. Prior to issuing a CDL to a person, a State must:
    (1) Require the driver applicant to certify, pass tests, and provide 
information as described in Sec.  383.71(b);
    (2) Check that the vehicle in which the applicant takes his/her test 
is representative of the vehicle group the applicant has certified that 
he/she operates or expects to operate;
    (3) Initiate and complete a check of the applicant's driving record 
to ensure that the person is not subject to any disqualification under 
Sec.  383.51, or any license disqualification under State law, and does 
not have a driver's license from more than one State or jurisdiction. 
The record check must include, but is not limited to, the following:
    (i) A check of the applicant's driving record as maintained by his/
her current State of licensure, if any;
    (ii) A check with the CDLIS to determine whether the driver 
applicant already has been issued a CDL, whether the applicant's license 
has been disqualified, or if the applicant has been disqualified from 
operating a commercial motor vehicle;
    (iii) A check with the Problem Driver Pointer System (PDPS) to 
determine whether the driver applicant has:
    (A) Been disqualified from operating a motor vehicle (other than a 
commercial motor vehicle);
    (B) Had a license (other than CDL) disqualified for cause in the 3-
year period ending on the date of application; or
    (C) Been convicted of any offenses contained in 49 U.S.C. 
30304(a)(3);
    (iv) A request for the applicant's complete driving record from all 
States where the applicant was previously licensed over the last 10 
years to drive any type of motor vehicle. Exception: A State is only 
required to make the request for the complete driving record specified 
in this paragraph for initial issuance of a CLP, transfer of CDL from 
another State or for drivers renewing a CDL for the first time after 
September 30, 2002, provided a notation is made on the driver's record 
confirming that the driver record check required by this paragraph has 
been made and noting the date it was done;
    (v) Beginning January 30, 2012, a check that the medical 
certification status of a driver that self-certified according to Sec.  
383.71(b)(1)(i) of this chapter (non-excepted interstate) is 
``certified;''
    (4) Require the driver applicant to surrender his/her non-CDL 
driver's license and CLP;

[[Page 259]]

    (5)(i) Before June 23, 2025, for drivers who certified their type of 
driving according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) (non-excepted interstate) 
and, if the CDL holder submits a current medical examiner's certificate, 
date-stamp the medical examiner's certificate and post all required 
information from the medical examiner's certificate to the CDLIS driver 
record in accordance with paragraph (o) of this section.
    (ii) On or after June 23, 2025, for drivers who certified their type 
of driving according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) (non-excepted interstate) 
and, if FMCSA provides current medical examiner's certificate 
information electronically, post all required information matching the 
medical examiner's certificate to the CDLIS driver record in accordance 
with paragraph (o) of this section.
    (6) Require compliance with the standards for providing proof of 
citizenship or lawful permanent residency specified in Sec.  
383.71(b)(9) and proof of State of domicile specified in Sec.  
383.71(b)(10). Exception: A State is required to check the proof of 
citizenship or legal presence specified in this paragraph only for 
initial issuance, renewal or upgrade of a CLP or Non-domiciled CLP and 
for initial issuance, renewal, upgrade or transfer of a CDL or Non-
domiciled CDL for the first time after July 8, 2011, provided a notation 
is made on the driver's record confirming that the proof of citizenship 
or legal presence check required by this paragraph has been made and 
noting the date it was done;
    (7) If not previously done, complete the Social Security Number 
verification required by paragraph (g) of this section;
    (8) For persons applying for a hazardous materials endorsement, 
require compliance with the standards for such endorsement specified in 
Sec. Sec.  383.71(b)(8) and 383.141;
    (9) Make the CDL valid for no more than 8 years from the date of 
issuance; and
    (10) Beginning November 18, 2024, the State must request information 
from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse. If, in response to that 
request, the State receives notification that pursuant to Sec.  
382.501(a) of this chapter the applicant is prohibited from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle, the State must not issue the CDL.
    (11) Beginning on February 7, 2022, not conduct a skills test of an 
applicant for a Class A or Class B CDL, or a passenger (P) or school bus 
(S) endorsement until the State verifies electronically that the 
applicant completed the training prescribed in subpart F of part 380 of 
this subchapter.
    (c) License transfers. Prior to issuing a CDL to a person who has a 
CDL from another State, a State must:
    (1) Require the driver applicant to make the certifications 
contained in Sec.  383.71(b)(1) and (5);
    (2) Complete a check of the driver applicant's record as contained 
in paragraph (b)(3) of this section;
    (3) Request and receive updates of information specified in subpart 
J of this part;
    (4) If such applicant wishes to retain a hazardous materials 
endorsement, require compliance with standards for such endorsement 
specified in Sec. Sec.  383.71(b)(8) and 383.141 and ensure that the 
driver has, within the 2 years preceding the transfer, either:
    (i) Passed the test for such endorsement specified in Sec.  383.121; 
or
    (ii) Successfully completed a hazardous materials test or training 
that is given by a third party and that is deemed by the State to 
substantially cover the same knowledge base as that described in Sec.  
383.121;
    (5) If not previously done, complete the Social Security Number 
verification required by paragraph (g) of this section;
    (6) Require the applicant to surrender the CDL issued by the 
applicant's previous State of domicile;
    (7) Require compliance with the standards for providing proof of 
citizenship or lawful permanent residency specified in Sec.  
383.71(b)(9) and proof of State of domicile specified in Sec.  
383.71(b)(10). Exception: A State is required to check the proof of 
citizenship or legal presence specified in this paragraph only for 
initial issuance, renewal or upgrade of a CLP or Non-domiciled CLP and 
for initial issuance, renewal, upgrade or transfer of a CDL or Non-
domiciled CDL for the first time after July 8, 2011, provided a notation 
is made on the driver's record confirming

[[Page 260]]

that the proof of citizenship or legal presence check required by this 
paragraph has been made and noting the date it was done;
    (8) Beginning January 30, 2012, verify from the CDLIS driver record 
that the medical certification status of driver is ``certified'' for 
those who certified according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i). Exception: A 
driver who certified according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) that he/she 
plans to operate in non-excepted interstate commerce may present a 
current medical examiner's certificate issued prior to January 30, 2012. 
The medical examiner's certificate provided by the driver must be posted 
to the CDLIS driver record in accordance with paragraph (o) of this 
section;
    (9) Make the CDL valid for no more than 8 years from the date of 
issuance; and
    (10) Beginning November 18, 2024, the State must request information 
from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse. If, in response to that 
request, the State receives notification that pursuant to Sec.  
382.501(a) of this chapter the applicant is prohibited from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle, the State must not transfer the CDL.
    (d) License Renewals. Prior to renewing any CDL a State must:
    (1) Require the driver applicant to make the certifications 
contained in Sec.  383.71(b);
    (2) Complete a check of the driver applicant's record as contained 
in paragraph (b)(3) of this section;
    (3) Request and receive updates of information specified in subpart 
J of this part;
    (4) If such applicant wishes to retain a hazardous materials 
endorsement, require the driver to pass the test specified in Sec.  
383.121 and comply with the standards specified in Sec. Sec.  
383.71(b)(8) and 383.141 for such endorsement;
    (5) If not previously done, complete the Social Security Number 
verification required by paragraph (g) of this section;
    (6) Make the renewal of the CDL valid for no more than 8 years from 
the date of issuance;
    (7) Require compliance with the standards for providing proof of 
citizenship or lawful permanent residency specified in Sec.  
383.71(b)(9) and proof of State of domicile specified in Sec.  
383.71(b)(10). Exception: A State is required to check the proof of 
citizenship or legal presence specified in this paragraph only for 
initial issuance, renewal or upgrade of a CLP or Non-domiciled CLP and 
for initial issuance, renewal, upgrade or transfer of a CDL or Non-
domiciled CDL for the first time after July 8, 2011, provided a notation 
is made on the driver's record confirming that the proof of citizenship 
or legal presence check required by this paragraph has been made and 
noting the date it was done;
    (8) Beginning January 30, 2012, verify from the CDLIS driver record 
that the medical certification status is ``certified'' for drivers who 
self-certified according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i). Exception: A driver 
who certified according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) may present a current 
medical examiner's certificate issued prior to January 30, 2012. The 
medical examiner's certificate provided by the driver must be posted to 
the CDLIS driver record in accordance with paragraph (o) of this 
section; and
    (9) Beginning November 18, 2024, the State must request information 
from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse. If, in response to that 
request, the State receives notification that pursuant to Sec.  
382.501(a) of this chapter the applicant is prohibited from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle, the State must not renew the CDL or H 
endorsement and must comply with the procedures set forth in paragraph 
(q) of this section.
    (e) License upgrades. Prior to issuing an upgrade of a CDL, a State 
must:
    (1) Require such driver applicant to provide certifications, pass 
tests, and meet applicable hazardous materials standards specified in 
Sec.  383.71(e);
    (2) Complete a check of the driver applicant's record as described 
in paragraph (b)(3) of this section;
    (3) If not previously done, complete the Social Security Number 
verification required by paragraph (g) of this section;
    (4) Require the driver applicant to surrender his/her previous CDL;
    (5) Require compliance with the standards for providing proof of 
citizenship or lawful permanent residency specified in Sec.  
383.71(b)(9) and proof of State of domicile specified in

[[Page 261]]

Sec.  383.71(b)(10). Exception: A State is required to check the proof 
of citizenship or legal presence specified in this paragraph only for 
initial issuance, renewal or upgrade of a CLP or Non-domiciled CLP and 
for initial issuance, renewal, upgrade, or transfer of a CDL or Non-
domiciled CDL, for the first time after July 8, 2011, provided a 
notation is made on the driver's record confirming that the proof of 
citizenship or legal presence check required by this paragraph has been 
made and noting the date it was done;
    (6) Beginning January 30, 2012, verify from the CDLIS driver record 
that the medical certification status is ``certified'' for drivers who 
self-certified according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i). Exception: A driver 
who certified according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) may present a current 
medical examiner's certificate issued prior to January 30, 2012. The 
medical examiner's certificate provided by the driver must be posted to 
the CDLIS driver record in accordance with paragraph (o) of this 
section;
    (7) Make the CDL valid for no more than 8 years from the date of 
issuance; and
    (8) Beginning November 18, 2024, the State must request information 
from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse. If, in response to that 
request, the State receives notification that pursuant to Sec.  
382.501(a) of this chapter the applicant is prohibited from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle, the State must not issue an upgrade of the CDL 
and must comply with the procedures set forth in paragraph (q) of this 
section.
    (9) Beginning on February 7, 2022, not conduct a skills test of an 
applicant for an upgrade to a Class A or Class B CDL, or a passenger 
(P), school bus (S) endorsement, or administer the knowledge test to an 
applicant for the hazardous materials (H) endorsement, unless the 
applicant has completed the training required by subpart F of part 380 
of this subchapter.
    (f) Non-domiciled CLP and CDL. (1) A State may only issue a Non-
domiciled CLP or CDL to a person who meets one of the circumstances 
described in Sec.  383.71(f)(1).
    (2) State procedures for the issuance of a non-domiciled CLP and 
CDL, for any modifications thereto, and for notifications to the CDLIS 
must at a minimum be identical to those pertaining to any other CLP or 
CDL, with the following exceptions:
    (i) If the applicant is requesting a transfer of his/her Non-
domiciled CDL, the State must obtain the Non-domiciled CDL currently 
held by the applicant and issued by another State;
    (ii) The State must add the word ``non-domiciled'' to the face of 
the CLP or CDL, in accordance with Sec.  383.153(c); and
    (iii) The State must have established, prior to issuing any Non-
domiciled CLP or CDL, the practical capability of disqualifying the 
holder of any Non-domiciled CLP or CDL, by withdrawing or disqualifying 
his/her Non-domiciled CLP or CDL as if the Non-domiciled CLP or CDL were 
a CLP or CDL issued to a person domiciled in the State.
    (3) The State must require compliance with the standards for 
providing proof of legal presence specified in Sec.  383.71(b)(9) and 
Sec.  383.71(f)(2)(i).
    (4) Beginning November 18, 2024, the State must request information 
from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse. If, in response to that 
request, the State receives notification that pursuant to Sec.  
382.501(a) of this chapter the applicant is prohibited from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle, the State must not issue, renew, transfer or 
upgrade a non-domiciled CLP or CDL and must comply with the procedures 
set forth in paragraph (q) of this section, as applicable.
    (g) Social Security Number verification. (1) Prior to issuing a CLP 
or a CDL to a person the State must verify the name, date of birth, and 
Social Security Number provided by the applicant with the information on 
file with the Social Security Administration. The State is prohibited 
from issuing, renewing, upgrading, or transferring a CLP or CDL if the 
Social Security Administration database does not match the applicant-
provided data.
    (2) Exception. A State is only required to perform the Social 
Security Number verification specified in this paragraph for initial 
issuance of a CLP, transfer of CDL from another State or for drivers 
renewing a CDL for the first time

[[Page 262]]

after July 8, 2011 who have not previously had their Social Security 
Number information verified, provided a notation is made on the driver's 
record confirming that the verification required by this paragraph has 
been made and noting the date it was done.
    (h) License issuance. After the State has completed the procedures 
described in paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section, as applicable, 
it may issue a CLP or CDL to the driver applicant. The State must notify 
the operator of the CDLIS of such issuance, transfer, renewal, or 
upgrade within the 10-day period beginning on the date of license 
issuance.
    (i) Surrender procedure. A State may return a surrendered license to 
a driver after physically marking it so that it cannot be mistaken for a 
valid document. Simply punching a hole in the expiration date of the 
document is insufficient. A document perforated with the word ``VOID'' 
is considered invalidated.
    (j) Penalties for false information. If a State determines, in its 
check of an applicant's license status and record prior to issuing a CLP 
or CDL, or at any time after the CLP or CDL is issued, that the 
applicant has falsified information contained in subpart J of this part, 
in any of the certifications required in Sec.  383.71(b) or (g), or in 
any of the documents required to be submitted by Sec.  383.71(h), the 
State must at a minimum disqualify the person's CLP or CDL or his/her 
pending application, or disqualify the person from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle for a period of at least 60 consecutive days.
    (k) Drivers convicted of fraud related to the testing and issuance 
of a CLP or CDL. (1) The State must have policies in effect that result, 
at a minimum, in the disqualification of the CLP or CDL of a person who 
has been convicted of fraud related to the issuance of that CLP or CDL. 
The application of a person so convicted who seeks to renew, transfer, 
or upgrade the fraudulently obtained CLP or CDL must also, at a minimum, 
be disqualified. The State must record any such withdrawal in the 
person's driving record. The person may not reapply for a new CDL for at 
least 1 year.
    (2) If a State receives credible information that a CLP- or CDL-
holder is suspected, but has not been convicted, of fraud related to the 
issuance of his/her CLP or CDL, the State must require the driver to re-
take the skills and/or knowledge tests. Within 30 days of receiving 
notification from the State that re-testing is necessary, the affected 
CLP- or CDL-holder must make an appointment or otherwise schedule to 
take the next available test. If the CLP- or CDL-holder fails to make an 
appointment within 30 days, the State must disqualify his/her CLP or 
CDL. If the driver fails either the knowledge or skills test or does not 
take the test, the State must disqualify his/her CLP or CDL. Once a CLP- 
or CDL-holder's CLP or CDL has been disqualified, he/she must reapply 
for a CLP or CDL under State procedures applicable to all CLP and CDL 
applicants.
    (l) Reciprocity. A State must allow any person who has a valid CLP, 
CDL, Non-domiciled CLP, or Non-domiciled CDL and who is not disqualified 
from operating a CMV, to operate a CMV in the State.
    (m) Document verification. The State must require at least two 
persons within the driver licensing agency to participate substantively 
in the processing and verification of the documents involved in the 
licensing process for initial issuance, renewal or upgrade of a CLP or 
Non-domiciled CLP and for initial issuance, renewal, upgrade or transfer 
of a CDL or Non-domiciled CDL. The documents being processed and 
verified must include, at a minimum, those provided by the applicant to 
prove legal presence and domicile, the information filled out on the 
application form, and knowledge and skills test scores. This section 
does not require two people to process or verify each document involved 
in the licensing process. Exception: For offices with only one staff 
member, at least some of the documents must be processed or verified by 
a supervisor before issuance or, when a supervisor is not available, 
copies must be made of some of the documents involved in the licensing 
process and a supervisor must verify them within one business day of 
issuance of the CLP, Non-domiciled CLP, CDL or Non-domiciled CDL.

[[Page 263]]

    (n) Computer system controls. The State must establish computer 
system controls that will:
    (1) Prevent the issuance of an initial, renewed or upgraded CLP or 
an initial, renewed, upgraded, or transferred CDL when the results of 
transactions indicate the applicant is unqualified. These controls, at a 
minimum, must be established for the following transactions: State, 
CDLIS, and PDPS driver record checks; and Social Security Number 
verification. Knowledge and skills test scores verification controls 
must be established for an initial, renewed, or upgraded CDL.
    (2) Suspend the issuance process whenever State, CDLIS, and/or PDPS 
driver record checks return suspect results. The State must demonstrate 
that it has a system to detect and prevent fraud when a driver record 
check returns suspect results. At a minimum, the system must ensure 
that:
    (i) The results are not connected to a violation of any State or 
local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than parking, 
vehicle weight, or vehicle defect violations);
    (ii) The name of the persons performing the record check and 
authorizing the issuance, and the justification for the authorization 
are documented by the State; and
    (iii) The person performing the record check and the person 
authorizing the issuance are not the same.
    (o) Medical recordkeeping--(1)(i) Status of CLP or CDL holder. 
Before June 23, 2025, for each operator of a commercial motor vehicle 
required to have a CLP or CDL, the current licensing State must:
    (A) Post the driver's self-certification of type of driving under 
Sec.  383.71(b)(1) to the CDLIS driver record;
    (B) Post the information from the medical examiner's certificate 
within 10 calendar days to the CDLIS driver record, including:
    (1) Medical examiner's name;
    (2) Medical examiner's telephone number;
    (3) Date of medical examiner's certificate issuance;
    (4) Medical examiner's license number and the State that issued it;
    (5) Medical examiner's National Registry identification number;
    (6) The indicator of medical certification status, i.e., 
``certified'' or ``not-certified'';
    (7) Expiration date of the medical examiner's certificate;
    (8) Existence of any medical variance on the medical examiner's 
certificate, such as an exemption, SPE certification, or grandfather 
provisions;
    (9) Any restrictions (e.g., corrective lenses, hearing aid, required 
to have possession of an exemption letter or SPE certificate while on-
duty, etc.); and
    (10) Date the medical examiner's certificate information was posted 
to the CDLIS driver record; and
    (C) Post the medical variance information within 10 calendar days to 
the CDLIS driver record, including:
    (1) Date of medical variance issuance; and
    (2) Expiration date of medical variance;
    (D) Retain the original or a copy of the medical examiner's 
certificate of any driver required to provide documentation of physical 
qualification for 3 years beyond the date the certificate was issued.
    (ii) Status of CLP or CDL holder. On or after June 23, 2025, for 
each operator of a commercial motor vehicle required to have a CLP or 
CDL, the current licensing State must:
    (A) Post the driver's self-certification of type of driving under 
Sec.  383.71(b)(1) to the CDLIS driver record;
    (B) Post the information from the medical examiner's certificate 
received from FMCSA to the CDLIS driver record, including:
    (1) Medical examiner's name;
    (2) Medical examiner's telephone number;
    (3) Date of medical examiner's certificate issuance;
    (4) Medical examiner's license number and the State that issued it;
    (5) Medical examiner's National Registry identification number;
    (6) The indicator of medical certification status, i.e., 
``certified'' or ``not-certified'';
    (7) Expiration date of the medical examiner's certificate;

[[Page 264]]

    (8) Existence of any medical variance on the medical examiner's 
certificate, such as an exemption, Skill Performance Evaluation (SPE) 
certification, or grandfather provisions;
    (9) Any restrictions (e.g., corrective lenses, hearing aid, required 
to have possession of an exemption letter or SPE certificate while on-
duty, etc.); and
    (10) Date the medical examiner's certificate information was posted 
to the CDLIS driver record;
    (C) Post the medical variance information received from FMCSA within 
1 business day to the CDLIS driver record, including:
    (1) Date of medical variance issuance; and
    (2) Expiration date of medical variance;
    (D) Retain the electronic record of the medical examiner's 
certificate information for any driver required to have documentation of 
physical qualification for 3 years beyond the date the certificate was 
issued.
    (2) Status update. (i) Before June 23, 2025, the State must, within 
10 calendar days of the driver's medical examiner's certificate or 
medical variance expiring, the medical variance being rescinded or the 
medical examiner's certificate being voided by FMCSA, update the medical 
certification status of that driver as ``not certified.''
    (ii) On or after June 23, 2025, the State must, within 10 calendar 
days of the driver's medical examiner's certificate or medical variance 
expiring, the medical examiner's certificate becoming invalid, the 
medical variance being rescinded, or the medical examiner's certificate 
being voided by FMCSA, update the medical certification status of that 
driver as ``not certified.''
    (3) Variance update. (i) Before June 23, 2025, within 10 calendar 
days of receiving information from FMCSA regarding issuance or renewal 
of a medical variance for a driver, the State must update the CDLIS 
driver record to include the medical variance information provided by 
FMCSA.
    (ii) On or after June 23, 2025, within 1 business day of 
electronically receiving medical variance information from FMCSA 
regarding the issuance or renewal of a medical variance for a driver, 
the State must update the CDLIS driver record to include the medical 
variance information provided by FMCSA.
    (4) Downgrade. (i) If a driver's medical certification or medical 
variance expires, or FMCSA notifies the State that a medical 
certification was invalidated or voided or a medical variance was 
removed or rescinded, the State must:
    (A)(1) Before June 23, 2025, notify the CLP or CDL holder of his/her 
CLP or CDL ``not-certified'' medical certification status and that the 
CDL privileges will be removed from the CLP or CDL unless the driver 
submits a current medical examiner's certificate and/or medical 
variance, or changes his/her self-certification to driving only in 
excepted or intrastate commerce (if permitted by the State).
    (2) On or after June 23, 2025, notify the CLP or CDL holder of his/
her CLP or CDL ``not-certified'' medical certification status and that 
the CDL privileges will be removed from the CLP or CDL unless the driver 
has been medically examined and certified in accordance with 49 CFR 
391.43 as physically qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle by 
a medical examiner, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5, or the driver changes 
his/her self-certification to driving only in excepted or intrastate 
commerce (if permitted by the State).
    (B) Initiate established State procedures for downgrading the CLP or 
CDL. The CLP or CDL downgrade must be completed and recorded within 60 
days of the driver's medical certification status becoming ``not-
certified'' to operate a CMV.
    (ii)(A) Before June 23, 2025, if a driver fails to provide the State 
with the certification contained in Sec.  383.71(b)(1), or a current 
medical examiner's certificate if the driver self-certifies according to 
Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) that he/she is operating in non-excepted 
interstate commerce as required by Sec.  383.71(h), the State must mark 
that CDLIS driver record as ``not-certified'' and initiate a CLP or CDL 
downgrade following State procedures in accordance with paragraph 
(o)(4)(i)(B) of this section.
    (B) On or after June 23, 2025, if a driver fails to provide the 
State with the certification contained in Sec.  383.71(b)(1),

[[Page 265]]

or, if the driver self-certifies according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) that 
he/she is operating in non-excepted interstate commerce as required by 
Sec.  383.71(h) and the information required by paragraph (o)(2)(ii) of 
this section is not received and posted, the State must mark that CDLIS 
driver record as ``not-certified'' and initiate a CLP or CDL downgrade 
following State procedures in accordance with paragraph (o)(4)(i)(B) of 
this section.
    (5) State contacts for medical variances. FMCSA Medical Programs is 
designated as the keeper of the list of State contacts for receiving 
medical variance information from FMCSA. Beginning January 30, 2012, 
States are responsible for ensuring their medical variance contact 
information is always up-to-date with FMCSA's Medical Programs.
    (6) Conflicting medical certification information. In the event of a 
conflict between the medical certification information provided 
electronically by FMCSA and a paper copy of the medical examiner's 
certificate, the medical certification information provided 
electronically by FMCSA shall control.
    (p) After February 7, 2022, the State must notify FMCSA that a 
training provider in the State does not meet applicable State 
requirements for CMV instruction.
    (q) Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse. Beginning November 18, 2024, the 
State must, upon receiving notification that pursuant to Sec.  
382.501(a) of this chapter the CLP or CDL holder is prohibited from 
operating a commercial motor vehicle, initiate established State 
procedures for downgrading the CLP or CDL. The downgrade must be 
completed and recorded on the CDLIS driver record within 60 days of the 
State's receipt of such notification. As used in this paragraph, the 
term ``downgrade'' means the State's removal of the CLP or CDL privilege 
from the driver's license, as set forth in paragraph (4) the definition 
of CDL downgrade in Sec.  383.5.
    (1) Termination of downgrade process when the driver is no longer 
prohibited. If, before the State completes and records the downgrade on 
the CDLIS driver record, the State receives notification that pursuant 
to Sec.  382.503(a) of this chapter the CLP or CDL holder is no longer 
prohibited from operating a commercial motor vehicle, the State must, if 
permitted by State law, terminate the downgrade process without removing 
the CLP or CDL privilege from the driver's license.
    (2) Reinstatement after FMCSA notification that the driver is no 
longer prohibited. If, after the State completes and records the 
downgrade on the CDLIS driver record, FMCSA notifies the State that 
pursuant to Sec.  382.503(a) of this chapter a driver is no longer 
prohibited from operating a commercial motor vehicle, the State must 
make the driver eligible for reinstatement of the CLP or CDL privilege 
to the driver's license, if permitted by State law.
    (3) Reinstatement after Clearinghouse error correction. If, after 
the State completes and records the downgrade on the CDLIS driver 
record, FMCSA notifies the State that the driver was erroneously 
identified as prohibited from operating a commercial motor vehicle, the 
State shall:
    (i) Reinstate the CLP or CDL privilege to the driver's license as 
expeditiously as possible; and
    (ii) Expunge from the CDLIS driver record and, if applicable, the 
motor vehicle record, as defined in Sec.  390.5T of this chapter, any 
reference related to the driver's erroneous prohibited status.

[76 FR 26883, May 9, 2011]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
383.73, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.fdsys.gov.



Sec.  383.75  Third party testing.

    (a) Third party tests. A State may authorize a third party tester to 
administer the skills tests as specified in subparts G and H of this 
part, if the following conditions are met:
    (1) The skills tests given by the third party are the same as those 
that would otherwise be given by the State using the same version of the 
skills tests, the same written instructions for test applicants, and the 
same scoring sheets as those prescribed in subparts G and H of this 
part;
    (2) The State must conduct an on-site inspection of each third party 
tester at least once every 2 years, with a focus

[[Page 266]]

on examiners with irregular results such as unusually high or low pass/
fail rates;
    (3) The State must issue the third party tester a CDL skills testing 
certificate upon the execution of a third party skills testing 
agreement.
    (4) The State must issue each third party CDL skills test examiner a 
skills testing certificate upon successful completion of a formal skills 
test examiner training course prescribed in Sec.  384.228.
    (5) The State must, at least once every 2 years, do one of the 
following for each third party examiner:
    (i) Have State employees covertly take the tests administered by the 
third party as if the State employee were a test applicant;
    (ii) Have State employees co-score along with the third party 
examiner during CDL skills tests to compare pass/fail results; or
    (iii) Re-test a sample of drivers who were examined by the third 
party to compare pass/fail results;
    (6) The State must take prompt and appropriate remedial action 
against a third party tester that fails to comply with State or Federal 
standards for the CDL testing program, or with any other terms of the 
third party contract;
    (7) A skills test examiner who is also a skills instructor either as 
a part of a school, training program or otherwise is prohibited from 
administering a skills test to an applicant who received skills training 
by that skills test examiner; and
    (8) The State has an agreement with the third party containing, at a 
minimum, provisions that:
    (i) Allow the FMCSA, or its representative, and the State to conduct 
random examinations, inspections, and audits of its records, facilities, 
and operations without prior notice;
    (ii) Require that all third party skills test examiners meet the 
qualification and training standards of Sec.  384.228;
    (iii) Allow the State to do any of the following:
    (A) Have State employees covertly take the tests administered by the 
third party as if the State employee were a test applicant;
    (B) Have State employees co-score along with the third party 
examiner during CDL skills tests to compare pass/fail results; or
    (C) Have the State re-test a sample of drivers who were examined by 
the third party;
    (iv) Reserve unto the State the right to take prompt and appropriate 
remedial action against a third party tester that fails to comply with 
State or Federal standards for the CDL testing program, or with any 
other terms of the third party contract;
    (v) Require the third party tester to initiate and maintain a bond 
in an amount determined by the State to be sufficient to pay for re-
testing drivers in the event that the third party or one or more of its 
examiners is involved in fraudulent activities related to conducting 
skills testing of applicants for a CDL. Exception: A third party tester 
that is a government entity is not required to maintain a bond.
    (vi) Require the third party tester to use only CDL skills examiners 
who have successfully completed a formal CDL skills test examiner 
training course as prescribed by the State and have been certified by 
the State as a CDL skills examiner qualified to administer CDL skills 
tests;
    (vii) Require the third party tester to use designated road test 
routes that have been approved by the State;
    (viii) Require the third party tester to submit a schedule of CDL 
skills testing appointments to the State no later than two business days 
prior to each test; and
    (ix) Require the third party tester to maintain copies of the 
following records at its principal place of business:
    (A) A copy of the State certificate authorizing the third party 
tester to administer a CDL skills testing program for the classes and 
types of commercial motor vehicles listed;
    (B) A copy of each third party examiner's State certificate 
authorizing the third party examiner to administer CDL skills tests for 
the classes and types of commercial motor vehicles listed;
    (C) A copy of the current third party agreement;

[[Page 267]]

    (D) A copy of each completed CDL skills test scoring sheet for the 
current year and the past two calendar years;
    (E) A copy of the third party tester's State-approved road test 
route(s); and
    (F) A copy of each third party examiner's training record.
    (b) Proof of testing by a third party. The third party tester must 
notify the State driver licensing agency through secure electronic means 
when a driver applicant passes skills tests administered by the third 
party tester.
    (c) Minimum number of tests conducted.
    The State must revoke the skills testing certification of any 
examiner who does not conduct skills test examinations of at least 10 
different applicants per calendar year. Exception: Examiners who do not 
meet the 10-test minimum must either take the refresher training 
specified in Sec.  384.228 of this chapter or have a State examiner ride 
along to observe the third party examiner successfully administer at 
least one skills test.

[76 FR 26886, May 9, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 17881, Mar. 25, 2013]



Sec.  383.77  Substitute for knowledge and driving skills tests for
drivers with military CMV experience.

    (a) Knowledge test waivers for certain current or former military 
service members applying for a CLP or CDL--(1) In general. For current 
or former military service members, as defined in Sec.  383.5, who meet 
the conditions and limitations set forth in paragraph (a)(2) of this 
section, a State may waive the requirements in Sec. Sec.  383.23(a)(1) 
and 383.25(a)(3) that a person must pass a knowledge test for a CLP or 
CDL.
    (2) Conditions and limitations. A current or former military service 
member applying for waiver of the knowledge test described in paragraph 
(a)(1) of this section must certify and provide evidence that, during 
the 1-year period immediately prior to the application, he/she:
    (i) Is or was regularly employed and designated as a:
    (A) Motor Transport Operator--88M (Army);
    (B) PATRIOT Launching Station Operator--14T (Army);
    (C) Fueler--92F (Army);
    (D) Vehicle Operator--2T1 (Air Force);
    (E) Fueler--2F0 (Air Force);
    (F) Pavement and Construction Equipment Operator--3E2 (Air Force);
    (G) Motor Vehicle Operator--3531 (Marine Corps); or
    (H) Equipment Operator--E.O. (Navy).
    (ii) Is operating a vehicle representative of the CMV type the 
driver applicant expects to operate upon separation from the military, 
or operated such a vehicle type immediately preceding separation from 
the military;
    (iii) Has not simultaneously held more than one civilian license (in 
addition to a military license);
    (iv) Has not had any license suspended, revoked, or cancelled;
    (v) Has not had any convictions for any type of motor vehicle for 
the disqualifying offenses contained in Sec.  383.51(b);
    (vi) Has not had more than one conviction for any type of motor 
vehicle for serious traffic violations contained in Sec.  383.51(c); and
    (vii) Has not had any conviction for a violation of military, State, 
or local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than a 
parking violation) arising in connection with any traffic accident, and 
has no record of an accident in which he/she was at fault.
    (b) Driving skills test waivers for certain current or former 
military service members applying for a CDL--(1) In general. At the 
discretion of a State, the driving skills test required by Sec.  
383.23(a)(1), and as specified in Sec.  383.113, may be waived for a CMV 
driver with military CMV experience who is currently licensed at the 
time of his/her application for a CDL and substituted with an 
applicant's driving record in combination with certain driving 
experience.
    (2) Conditions and limitations. The State shall impose conditions 
and limitations to restrict the applicants from whom a State may accept 
alternative requirements for the driving skills test described in Sec.  
383.113. Such conditions must require at least the following:
    (i) An applicant must provide evidence and certify that he/she:
    (A) Is regularly employed or was regularly employed within the last 
year in

[[Page 268]]

a military position requiring operation of a CMV;
    (B) Was exempted from the CDL requirements in Sec.  383.3(c); and
    (C) Was operating a vehicle representative of the CMV type the 
driver applicant operates or expects to operate, for at least the 2 
years immediately preceding separation from the military.
    (ii) An applicant must certify that, during the 2-year period 
immediately prior to applying for a CDL, he/she:
    (A) Has not simultaneously held more than one civilian license (in 
addition to a military license);
    (B) Has not had any license suspended, revoked, or cancelled;
    (C) Has not had any convictions for any type of motor vehicle for 
the disqualifying offenses contained in Sec.  383.51(b);
    (D) Has not had more than one conviction for any type of motor 
vehicle for serious traffic violations contained in Sec.  383.51(c); and
    (E) Has not had any conviction for a violation of military, State or 
local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than a 
parking violation) arising in connection with any traffic crash, and has 
no record of a crash in which he/she was at fault.
    (c) Endorsement waivers for certain current or former military 
service members applying for a CLP or a CDL--(1) Passenger. For current 
or former military service members, as defined in Sec.  383.5, who meet 
the conditions and limitations set forth in paragraph (c)(4) of this 
section, a State may waive the requirements in Sec.  383.25(a)(5)(i), 
Sec.  383.93(a) and (c)(2) that an applicant must pass a driving skills 
test and a specialized knowledge test, described in Sec.  383.117, for a 
passenger (P) endorsement.
    (2) Tank vehicle. For current or former military service members, as 
defined in Sec.  383.5, who meet the conditions and limitations set 
forth in paragraph (c)(4) of this section, a State may waive the 
requirements in Sec. Sec.  383.25(a)(5)(iii) and 383.93(a) and (c)(3) 
that an applicant must pass a specialized knowledge test, described in 
Sec.  383.119, for a tank vehicle (N) endorsement.
    (3) Hazardous materials. For current or former military service 
members, as defined in Sec.  383.5, who meet the conditions and 
limitations set forth in paragraph (c)(4) of this section, a State may 
waive the requirements in Sec.  383.93(a)(1) and (c)(4) that an 
applicant must pass a specialized knowledge test, described in Sec.  
383.121, for a hazardous materials (H) endorsement. States must continue 
to meet the requirements for a hazardous materials endorsement in 
subpart I of this part.
    (4) Conditions and limitations. A current or former military service 
member applying for waiver of the driving skills test or the specialized 
knowledge test for a passenger carrier endorsement, the knowledge test 
for the tank vehicle endorsement, or the knowledge test for the 
hazardous materials endorsement, must certify and provide evidence that, 
during the 1-year period immediately prior to the application, he/she:
    (i) Is or was regularly employed in a military position requiring 
operation of a passenger CMV, if the applicant is requesting a waiver of 
the knowledge and driving skills test for a passenger endorsement; 
operation of a tank vehicle, if the applicant is requesting a waiver of 
the knowledge test for a tank vehicle endorsement; or transportation of 
hazardous materials, if the applicant is requesting a waiver of the 
knowledge test for a hazardous materials endorsement;
    (ii) Has not simultaneously held more than one civilian license (in 
addition to a military license);
    (iii) Has not had any license suspended, revoked, or cancelled;
    (iv) Has not had any convictions for any type of motor vehicle for 
the disqualifying offenses contained in Sec.  383.51(b);
    (v) Has not had more than one conviction for any type of motor 
vehicle for serious traffic violations contained in Sec.  383.51(c); and
    (vi) Has not had any conviction for a violation of military, State 
or local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than a 
parking violation) arising in connection with any traffic crash, and has 
no record of a crash in which he/she was at fault.

[83 FR 48975, Sept. 28, 2018]

[[Page 269]]



Sec.  383.79  Driving skills testing of out-of-State students; knowledge
and driving skills testing of military personnel.

    (a) CDL applicants trained out-of-State--(1) State that administers 
the driving skills test. A State may administer its driving skills test, 
in accordance with subparts F, G, and H of this part, to a person who 
has taken training in that State and is to be licensed in another United 
States jurisdiction (i.e., his or her State of domicile). Such test 
results must be transmitted electronically directly from the testing 
State to the licensing State in a direct, efficient and secure manner.
    (2) The State of domicile. The State of domicile of a CDL applicant 
must accept the results of a driving skills test administered to the 
applicant by any other State, in accordance with subparts F, G, and H of 
this part, in fulfillment of the applicant's testing requirements under 
Sec.  383.71, and the State's test administration requirements under 
Sec.  383.73.
    (b) Active duty military service members. An active-duty military 
service member may apply for a CLP or a CDL in the State where the 
individual is stationed but not domiciled if the requirements of this 
section are met.
    (1) Role of State of duty station. (i) Upon prior agreement with the 
State of domicile, a State where active-duty military service members 
are stationed, but not domiciled, may accept an application for a CLP or 
CDL, including an application for waiver of the knowledge test or 
driving skills test prescribed in Sec. Sec.  383.23(a)(1) and 
383.25(a)(3), from such a military service member who:
    (A) Is regularly employed or was regularly employed within the last 
year in a military position requiring operation of a CMV;
    (B) Has a valid driver's license from his or her State of domicile;
    (C) Has a valid active-duty military identification card; and
    (D) Has a current copy of either the service member's military leave 
and earnings statement, or his or her orders.
    (ii) A State where active-duty military service members are 
stationed, but not domiciled, may:
    (A) Administer the knowledge and driving skills tests to the 
military service member, as appropriate, in accordance with subparts F, 
G, and H of this part, if the State of domicile requires those tests; or
    (B) Waive the knowledge and driving skills tests in accordance with 
Sec.  383.77, if the State of domicile has exercised the option to waive 
those tests; and
    (C) Destroy the military service member's civilian driver's license 
on behalf of the State of domicile, unless the latter requires the 
driver's license to be surrendered to its own driver licensing agency.
    (iii) The State of duty station must transmit to the State of 
domicile by a direct, secure, and efficient electronic system the 
completed application, any supporting documents, and--if the State of 
domicile has not exercised its waiver option--the results of any 
knowledge and driving skills administered.
    (2) Role of State of domicile. Upon completion of the applicant's 
application pursuant to Sec.  383.71 and any testing administered by the 
State of duty station pursuant to Sec. Sec.  383.71 and 383.73, the 
State of domicile of the military service member applying for a CLP or 
CDL may:
    (i) Accept the completed application, any supporting documents, and 
the results of the knowledge and driving skills tests administered by 
the State of duty station (unless waived at the discretion of the State 
of domicile); and
    (ii) Issue the applicant a CLP or CDL.

[83 FR 48976, Sept. 28, 2018]



                Subpart F_Vehicle Groups and Endorsements

    Source: 53 FR 27651, July 21, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  383.91  Commercial motor vehicle groups.

    (a) Vehicle group descriptions. Each driver applicant must possess 
and be tested on his/her knowledge and skills, described in subpart G of 
this part, for the commercial motor vehicle group(s) for which he/she 
desires a CDL. The

[[Page 270]]

commercial motor vehicle groups are as follows:
    (1) Combination vehicle (Group A)--Any combination of vehicles with 
a gross combination weight rating (GCWR) of 11,794 kilograms or more 
(26,001 pounds or more) provided the GVWR of the vehicle(s) being towed 
is in excess of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds).
    (2) Heavy Straight Vehicle (Group B)--Any single vehicle with a GVWR 
of 11,794 kilograms or more (26,001 pounds or more), or any such vehicle 
towing a vehicle not in excess of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) GVWR.
    (3) Small Vehicle (Group C)--Any single vehicle, or combination of 
vehicles, that meets neither the definition of Group A nor that of Group 
B as contained in this section, but that either is designed to transport 
16 or more passengers including the driver, or is used in the 
transportation of hazardous materials as defined in Sec.  383.5.
    (b) Representative vehicle. For purposes of taking the driving test 
in accordance with Sec.  383.113, a representative vehicle for a given 
vehicle group contained in Sec.  383.91(a), is any commercial motor 
vehicle which meets the definition of that vehicle group.
    (c) Relation between vehicle groups. Each driver applicant who 
desires to operate in a different commercial motor vehicle group from 
the one which his/her CDL authorizes shall be required to retake and 
pass all related tests, except the following:
    (1) A driver who has passed the knowledge and skills tests for a 
combination vehicle (Group A) may operate a heavy straight vehicle 
(Group B) or a small vehicle (Group C), provided that he/she possesses 
the requisite endorsement(s); and
    (2) A driver who has passed the knowledge and skills tests for a 
heavy straight vehicle (Group B) may operate any small vehicle (Group 
C), provided that he/she possesses the requisite endorsement(s).
    (d) Vehicle group illustration. Figure 1 illustrates typical 
vehicles within each of the vehicle groups defined in this section.

[[Page 271]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07JY21.076


[53 FR 27651, July 21, 1988, as amended at 54 FR 47989, Nov. 20, 1989; 
61 FR 9566, Mar. 8, 1996; 77 FR 59825, Oct. 1, 2012; 80 FR 59072, Oct. 
1, 2015; 86 FR 35640, July 7, 2021]

[[Page 272]]



Sec.  383.93  Endorsements.

    (a) General. (1) In addition to passing the knowledge and skills 
tests described in subpart G of this part, all persons who operate or 
expect to operate the type(s) of motor vehicles described in paragraph 
(b) of this section must pass specialized tests to obtain each 
endorsement. The State shall issue CDL endorsements only to drivers who 
successfully complete the tests.
    (2) The only endorsements allowed on a CLP are the following:
    (i) Passenger (P);
    (ii) School bus (S); and
    (iii) Tank vehicle (N).
    (3) The State must use the codes listed in Sec.  383.153 when 
placing endorsements on a CLP or CDL.
    (b) Endorsement descriptions. An operator must obtain State-issued 
endorsements to his/her CDL to operate commercial motor vehicles which 
are:
    (1) Double/triple trailers;
    (2) Passenger vehicles;
    (3) Tank vehicles;
    (4) Used to transport hazardous materials as defined in Sec.  383.5; 
or
    (5) School buses.
    (c) Endorsement testing requirements. The following tests are 
required for the endorsements contained in paragraph (b) of this 
section:
    (1) Double/Triple Trailers--a knowledge test;
    (2) Passenger--a knowledge and a skills test;
    (3) Tank vehicle--a knowledge test;
    (4) Hazardous Materials--a knowledge test; and
    (5) School bus--a knowledge and a skills test.

[53 FR 27651, July 21, 1988, as amended at 67 FR 49760, July 31, 2002; 
68 FR 23850, May 5, 2003; 76 FR 26887, May 9, 2011; 84 FR 52034, Oct. 1, 
2019]



Sec.  383.95  Restrictions.

    (a) Air brake. (1) If an applicant either fails the air brake 
component of the knowledge test, or performs the skills test in a 
vehicle not equipped with air brakes, the State must indicate on the CLP 
or CDL, if issued, that the person is restricted from operating a CMV 
equipped with any type of air brakes.
    (2) For the purposes of the skills test and the restriction, air 
brakes include any braking system operating fully or partially on the 
air brake principle.
    (b) Full air brake. (1) If an applicant performs the skills test in 
a vehicle equipped with air over hydraulic brakes, the State must 
indicate on the CDL, if issued, that the person is restricted from 
operating a CMV equipped with any braking system operating fully on the 
air brake principle.
    (2) For the purposes of the skills test and the restriction, air 
over hydraulic brakes includes any braking system operating partially on 
the air brake and partially on the hydraulic brake principle.
    (c) Manual transmission. (1) If an applicant performs the skills 
test in a vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission, the State 
must indicate on the CDL, if issued, that the person is restricted from 
operating a CMV equipped with a manual transmission.
    (2) For the purposes of the skills test and the restriction, an 
automatic transmission includes any transmission other than a manual 
transmission as defined in Sec.  383.5.
    (d) Tractor-trailer. If an applicant performs the skills test in a 
combination vehicle for a Group A CDL with the power unit and towed unit 
connected with a pintle hook or other non-fifth wheel connection, the 
State must indicate on the CDL, if issued, that the person is restricted 
from operating a tractor-trailer combination connected by a fifth wheel 
that requires a Group A CDL.
    (e) Group A passenger vehicle. If an applicant applying for a 
passenger endorsement performs the skills test in a passenger vehicle 
requiring a Group B CDL, the State must indicate on the CDL, if issued, 
that the person is restricted from operating a passenger vehicle 
requiring a Group A CDL.
    (f) Group A and B passenger vehicle. If an applicant applying for a 
passenger endorsement performs the skills test in a passenger vehicle 
requiring a Group C CDL, the State must indicate on the CDL, if issued, 
that the person is restricted from operating a passenger vehicle 
requiring a Group A or B CDL.
    (g) Medical variance restrictions. If the State is notified 
according to Sec.  383.73(o)(3) that the driver has been issued a 
medical variance, the State

[[Page 273]]

must indicate the existence of such a medical variance on the CDLIS 
driver record and the CDL document, if issued, using the restriction 
code ``V'' to indicate there is information about a medical variance on 
the CDLIS driver record.

    Note: In accordance with the agreement between Canada and the United 
States (see footnote to Sec.  391.41 of this chapter), drivers with a 
medical variance restriction code on their CDL are restricted from 
operating a CMV in the other country.

[76 FR 26887, May 9, 2011]



                 Subpart G_Required Knowledge and Skills

    Source: 53 FR 27654, July 21, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  383.110  General requirement.

    All drivers of CMVs must have the knowledge and skills necessary to 
operate a CMV safely as contained in this subpart. The specific types of 
items that a State must include in the knowledge and skills tests that 
it administers to CDL applicants are included in this subpart.

[76 FR 26888, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.111  Required knowledge.

    (a) All CMV operators must have knowledge of the following 20 
general areas:
    (1) Safe operations regulations. Driver-related elements of the 
regulations contained in parts 391, 392, 393, 395, 396, and 397 of this 
subchapter, such as:
    (i) Motor vehicle inspection, repair, and maintenance requirements;
    (ii) Procedures for safe vehicle operations;
    (iii) The effects of fatigue, poor vision, hearing impairment, and 
general health upon safe commercial motor vehicle operation;
    (iv) The types of motor vehicles and cargoes subject to the 
requirements contained in part 397 of this subchapter; and
    (v) The effects of alcohol and drug use upon safe commercial motor 
vehicle operations.
    (2) Safe vehicle control systems. The purpose and function of the 
controls and instruments commonly found on CMVs.
    (3) CMV safety control systems. (i) Proper use of the motor 
vehicle's safety system, including lights, horns, side and rear-view 
mirrors, proper mirror adjustments, fire extinguishers, symptoms of 
improper operation revealed through instruments, motor vehicle operation 
characteristics, and diagnosing malfunctions.
    (ii) CMV drivers must have knowledge of the correct procedures 
needed to use these safety systems in an emergency situation, e.g., 
skids and loss of brakes.
    (4) Basic control. The proper procedures for performing various 
basic maneuvers, including:
    (i) Starting, warming up, and shutting down the engine;
    (ii) Putting the vehicle in motion and stopping;
    (iii) Backing in a straight line; and
    (iv) Turning the vehicle, e.g., basic rules, off tracking, right/
left turns and right curves.
    (5) Shifting. The basic shifting rules and terms for common 
transmissions, including:
    (i) Key elements of shifting, e.g., controls, when to shift, and 
double clutching;
    (ii) Shift patterns and procedures; and
    (iii) Consequences of improper shifting.
    (6) Backing. The procedures and rules for various backing maneuvers, 
including:
    (i) Backing principles and rules; and
    (ii) Basic backing maneuvers, e.g., straight-line backing, and 
backing on a curved path.
    (7) Visual search. The importance of proper visual search, and 
proper visual search methods, including:
    (i) Seeing ahead and to the sides;
    (ii) Use of mirrors; and
    (iii) Seeing to the rear.
    (8) Communication. The principles and procedures for proper 
communications and the hazards of failure to signal properly, including:
    (i) Signaling intent, e.g., signaling when changing direction in 
traffic;
    (ii) Communicating presence, e.g., using horn or lights to signal 
presence; and

[[Page 274]]

    (iii) Misuse of communications.
    (9) Speed management. The importance of understanding the effects of 
speed, including:
    (i) Speed and stopping distance;
    (ii) Speed and surface conditions;
    (iii) Speed and the shape of the road;
    (iv) Speed and visibility; and
    (v) Speed and traffic flow.
    (10) Space management. The procedures and techniques for controlling 
the space around the vehicle, including:
    (i) The importance of space management;
    (ii) Space cushions, e.g., controlling space ahead/to the rear;
    (iii) Space to the sides; and
    (iv) Space for traffic gaps.
    (11) Night operation. Preparations and procedures for night driving, 
including:
    (i) Night driving factors, e.g., driver factors (vision, glare, 
fatigue, inexperience);
    (ii) Roadway factors (low illumination, variation in illumination, 
unfamiliarity with roads, other road users, especially drivers 
exhibiting erratic or improper driving); and
    (iii) Vehicle factors (headlights, auxiliary lights, turn signals, 
windshields and mirrors).
    (12) Extreme driving conditions. The basic information on operating 
in extreme driving conditions and the hazards encountered in such 
conditions, including:
    (i) Bad weather, e.g., snow, ice, sleet, high wind;
    (ii) Hot weather; and
    (iii) Mountain driving.
    (13) Hazard perceptions. The basic information on hazard perception 
and clues for recognition of hazards, including:
    (i) Road characteristics; and
    (ii) Road user activities.
    (14) Emergency maneuvers. The basic information concerning when and 
how to make emergency maneuvers, including:
    (i) Evasive steering;
    (ii) Emergency stop;
    (iii) Off road recovery;
    (iv) Brake failure; and
    (v) Blowouts.
    (15) Skid control and recovery. The information on the causes and 
major types of skids, as well as the procedures for recovering from 
skids.
    (16) Relationship of cargo to vehicle control. The principles and 
procedures for the proper handling of cargo, including:
    (i) Consequences of improperly secured cargo, drivers' 
responsibilities, and Federal/State and local regulations;
    (ii) Principles of weight distribution; and
    (iii) Principles and methods of cargo securement.
    (17) Vehicle inspections. The objectives and proper procedures for 
performing vehicle safety inspections, as follows:
    (i) The importance of periodic inspection and repair to vehicle 
safety.
    (ii) The effect of undiscovered malfunctions upon safety.
    (iii) What safety-related parts to look for when inspecting 
vehicles, e.g., fluid leaks, interference with visibility, bad tires, 
wheel and rim defects, braking system defects, steering system defects, 
suspension system defects, exhaust system defects, coupling system 
defects, and cargo problems.
    (iv) Pre-trip/enroute/post-trip inspection procedures.
    (v) Reporting findings.
    (18) Hazardous materials. Knowledge of the following:
    (i) What constitutes hazardous material requiring an endorsement to 
transport;
    (ii) Classes of hazardous materials;
    (iii) Labeling/placarding requirements; and
    (iv) Need for specialized training as a prerequisite to receiving 
the endorsement and transporting hazardous cargoes.
    (19) Mountain driving. Practices that are important when driving 
upgrade and downgrade, including:
    (i) Selecting a safe speed;
    (ii) Selecting the right gear; and
    (iii) Proper braking techniques.
    (20) Fatigue and awareness. Practices that are important to staying 
alert and safe while driving, including;
    (i) Being prepared to drive;
    (ii) What to do when driving to avoid fatigue;
    (iii) What to do when sleepy while driving; and

[[Page 275]]

    (iv) What to do when becoming ill while driving.
    (b) Air brakes. All CMV drivers operating vehicles equipped with air 
brakes must have knowledge of the following 7 areas:
    (1) General air brake system nomenclature;
    (2) The dangers of contaminated air supply (dirt, moisture, and 
oil);
    (3) Implications of severed or disconnected air lines between the 
power unit and the trailer(s);
    (4) Implications of low air pressure readings;
    (5) Procedures to conduct safe and accurate pre-trip inspections, 
including knowledge about:
    (i) Automatic fail-safe devices;
    (ii) System monitoring devices; and
    (iii) Low pressure warning alarms.
    (6) Procedures for conducting en route and post-trip inspections of 
air-actuated brake systems, including:
    (i) Ability to detect defects that may cause the system to fail;
    (ii) Tests that indicate the amount of air loss from the braking 
system within a specified period, with and without the engine running; 
and
    (iii) Tests that indicate the pressure levels at which the low air 
pressure warning devices and the tractor protection valve should 
activate.
    (7) General operating practices and procedures, including:
    (i) Proper braking techniques;
    (ii) Antilock brakes;
    (iii) Emergency stops; and
    (iv) Parking brake.
    (c) Combination vehicles. All CMV drivers operating combination 
vehicles must have knowledge of the following 3 areas:
    (1) Coupling and uncoupling--The procedures for proper coupling and 
uncoupling a tractor to a semi-trailer;
    (2) Vehicle inspection--The objectives and proper procedures that 
are unique for performing vehicle safety inspections on combination 
vehicles; and
    (3) General operating practices and procedures, including:
    (i) Safely operating combination vehicles; and
    (ii) Air brakes.

[76 FR 26888, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.113  Required skills.

    (a) Pre-trip vehicle inspection skills. Applicants for a CDL must 
possess the following basic pre-trip vehicle inspection skills for the 
vehicle class that the driver operates or expects to operate:
    (1) All test vehicles. Applicants must be able to identify each 
safety-related part on the vehicle and explain what needs to be 
inspected to ensure a safe operating condition of each part, including:
    (i) Engine compartment;
    (ii) Cab/engine start;
    (iii) Steering;
    (iv) Suspension;
    (v) Brakes;
    (vi) Wheels;
    (vii) Side of vehicle;
    (viii) Rear of vehicle; and
    (ix) Special features of tractor trailer, school bus, or coach/
transit bus, if this type of vehicle is being used for the test.
    (2) Air brake equipped test vehicles. Applicants must demonstrate 
the following skills with respect to inspection and operation of air 
brakes:
    (i) Locate and verbally identify air brake operating controls and 
monitoring devices;
    (ii) Determine the motor vehicle's brake system condition for proper 
adjustments and that air system connections between motor vehicles have 
been properly made and secured;
    (iii) Inspect the low pressure warning device(s) to ensure that they 
will activate in emergency situations;
    (iv) With the engine running, make sure that the system maintains an 
adequate supply of compressed air;
    (v) Determine that required minimum air pressure build up time is 
within acceptable limits and that required alarms and emergency devices 
automatically deactivate at the proper pressure level; and
    (vi) Operationally check the brake system for proper performance.
    (b) Basic vehicle control skills. All applicants for a CDL must 
possess and demonstrate the following basic motor vehicle control skills 
for the vehicle class that the driver operates or expects to operate:
    (1) Ability to start, warm up, and shut down the engine;

[[Page 276]]

    (2) Ability to put the motor vehicle in motion and accelerate 
smoothly, forward and backward;
    (3) Ability to bring the motor vehicle to a smooth stop;
    (4) Ability to back the motor vehicle in a straight line, and check 
path and clearance while backing;
    (5) Ability to position the motor vehicle to negotiate safely and 
then make left and right turns;
    (6) Ability to shift as required and select appropriate gear for 
speed and highway conditions; and
    (7) Ability to back along a curved path.
    (c) Safe on-road driving skills. All applicants for a CDL must 
possess and demonstrate the following safe on-road driving skills for 
their vehicle class:
    (1) Ability to use proper visual search methods;
    (2) Ability to signal appropriately when changing direction in 
traffic;
    (3) Ability to adjust speed to the configuration and condition of 
the roadway, weather and visibility conditions, traffic conditions, and 
motor vehicle, cargo and driver conditions;
    (4) Ability to choose a safe gap for changing lanes, passing other 
vehicles, as well as for crossing or entering traffic;
    (5) Ability to position the motor vehicle correctly before and 
during a turn to prevent other vehicles from passing on the wrong side, 
as well as to prevent problems caused by off-tracking;
    (6) Ability to maintain a safe following distance depending on the 
condition of the road, visibility, and vehicle weight;
    (7) Ability to adjust operation of the motor vehicle to prevailing 
weather conditions including speed selection, braking, direction 
changes, and following distance to maintain control; and
    (8) Ability to observe the road and the behavior of other motor 
vehicles, particularly before changing speed and direction.
    (d) Test area. Skills tests shall be conducted in on-street 
conditions or under a combination of on-street and off-street 
conditions.
    (e) Simulation technology. A State may utilize simulators to perform 
skills testing, but under no circumstances as a substitute for the 
required testing in on-street conditions.

[76 FR 26889, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.115  Requirements for double/triple trailers endorsement.

    In order to obtain a double/triple trailers endorsement each 
applicant must have knowledge covering:
    (a) Procedures for assembly and hookup of the units;
    (b) Proper placement of heaviest trailer;
    (c) Handling and stability characteristics including off-tracking, 
response to steering, sensory feedback, braking, oscillatory sway, 
rollover in steady turns, and yaw stability in steady turns;
    (d) Potential problems in traffic operations, including problems the 
motor vehicle creates for other motorists due to slower speeds on steep 
grades, longer passing times, possibility for blocking entry of other 
motor vehicles on freeways, splash and spray impacts, aerodynamic 
buffeting, view blockages, and lateral placement; and
    (e) Operating practices and procedures not otherwise specified.

[76 FR 26890, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.117  Requirements for passenger endorsement.

    An applicant for the passenger endorsement must satisfy both of the 
following additional knowledge and skills test requirements.
    (a) Knowledge test. All applicants for the passenger endorsement 
must have knowledge covering the following topics:
    (1) Proper procedures for loading/unloading passengers;
    (2) Proper use of emergency exits, including push-out windows;
    (3) Proper responses to such emergency situations as fires and 
unruly passengers;
    (4) Proper procedures at railroad-highway grade crossings and 
drawbridges;
    (5) Proper braking procedures; and
    (6) Operating practices and procedures not otherwise specified.
    (b) Skills test. To obtain a passenger endorsement applicable to a 
specific vehicle class, an applicant must take

[[Page 277]]

his/her skills test in a passenger vehicle satisfying the requirements 
of that vehicle group as defined in Sec.  383.91.

[76 FR 26890, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.119  Requirements for tank vehicle endorsement.

    In order to obtain a tank vehicle endorsement, each applicant must 
have knowledge covering the following:
    (a) Causes, prevention, and effects of cargo surge on motor vehicle 
handling;
    (b) Proper braking procedures for the motor vehicle when it is 
empty, full, and partially full;
    (c) Differences in handling of baffled/compartmented tank interiors 
versus non-baffled motor vehicles;
    (d) Differences in tank vehicle type and construction;
    (e) Differences in cargo surge for liquids of varying product 
densities;
    (f) Effects of road grade and curvature on motor vehicle handling 
with filled, half-filled, and empty tanks;
    (g) Proper use of emergency systems;
    (h) For drivers of DOT specification tank vehicles, retest and 
marking requirements; and
    (i) Operating practices and procedures not otherwise specified.

[76 FR 26890, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.121  Requirements for hazardous materials endorsement.

    In order to obtain a hazardous materials endorsement, each applicant 
must have such knowledge as is required of a driver of a hazardous 
materials laden vehicle, from information contained in 49 CFR parts 171, 
172, 173, 177, 178, and 397, on the following:
    (a) Hazardous materials regulations including:
    (1) Hazardous materials table;
    (2) Shipping paper requirements;
    (3) Marking;
    (4) Labeling;
    (5) Placarding requirements;
    (6) Hazardous materials packaging;
    (7) Hazardous materials definitions and preparation;
    (8) Other regulated material (e.g., ORM-D);
    (9) Reporting hazardous materials accidents; and
    (10) Tunnels and railroad crossings.
    (b) Hazardous materials handling including:
    (1) Forbidden materials and packages;
    (2) Loading and unloading materials;
    (3) Cargo segregation;
    (4) Passenger carrying buses and hazardous materials;
    (5) Attendance of motor vehicles;
    (6) Parking;
    (7) Routes;
    (8) Cargo tanks; and
    (9) ``Safe havens.''
    (c) Operation of emergency equipment including:
    (1) Use of equipment to protect the public;
    (2) Special precautions for equipment to be used in fires;
    (3) Special precautions for use of emergency equipment when loading 
or unloading a hazardous materials laden motor vehicle; and
    (4) Use of emergency equipment for tank vehicles.
    (d) Emergency response procedures including:
    (1) Special care and precautions for different types of accidents;
    (2) Special precautions for driving near a fire and carrying 
hazardous materials, and smoking and carrying hazardous materials;
    (3) Emergency procedures; and
    (4) Existence of special requirements for transporting Class 1.1 and 
1.2 explosives.
    (e) Operating practices and procedures not otherwise specified.

[76 FR 26890, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.123  Requirements for a school bus endorsement.

    (a) An applicant for the school bus endorsement must satisfy the 
following three requirements:
    (1) Qualify for passenger vehicle endorsement. Pass the knowledge 
and skills test for obtaining a passenger vehicle endorsement.
    (2) Knowledge test. Must have knowledge covering the following 
topics:
    (i) Loading and unloading children, including the safe operation of 
stop signal devices, external mirror systems, flashing lights, and other 
warning and passenger safety devices required for school buses by State 
or Federal law or regulation.

[[Page 278]]

    (ii) Emergency exits and procedures for safely evacuating passengers 
in an emergency.
    (iii) State and Federal laws and regulations related to safely 
traversing railroad-highway grade crossings; and
    (iv) Operating practices and procedures not otherwise specified.
    (3) Skills test. Must take a driving skills test in a school bus of 
the same vehicle group (see Sec.  383.91(a)) as the school bus applicant 
will drive.
    (b) Exception. Knowledge and skills tests administered before 
September 30, 2002 and approved by FMCSA as meeting the requirements of 
this section, meet the requirements of paragraphs (a)(2) and (3) of this 
section

[76 FR 26891, May 9, 2011]



                             Subpart H_Tests

    Source: 53 FR 27657, July 21, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  383.131  Test manuals.

    (a) Driver information manual. (1) A State must provide an FMCSA 
pre-approved driver information manual to a CLP or CDL applicant. The 
manual must be comparable to the American Association of Motor Vehicle 
Administrators' (AAMVA's) ``2005 CDL Test System (July 2010 or newer 
Version) Model Commercial Driver Manual'', which FMCSA has approved and 
provides to all State Driver Licensing Agencies. The driver information 
manual must include:
    (i) Information on how to obtain a CDL and endorsements;
    (ii) Information on the requirements described in Sec.  383.71, the 
implied consent to alcohol testing described in Sec.  383.72, the 
procedures and penalties contained in Sec.  383.51(b) to which a CLP or 
CDL holder is exposed for refusal to comply with such alcohol testing, 
State procedures described in Sec.  383.73, and other appropriate driver 
information contained in subpart E of this part;
    (iii) Information on vehicle groups and endorsements as specified in 
subpart F of this part;
    (iv) The substance of the knowledge and skills that drivers must 
have, as outlined in subpart G of this part for the different vehicle 
groups and endorsements; and
    (v) Details of testing procedures, including the purpose of the 
tests, how to respond, and directions for taking the tests.
    (2) A State may include any additional State-specific information 
related to the CDL testing and licensing process.
    (b) Examiner information manual. (1) A State must provide an FMCSA 
pre-approved examiner information manual that conforms to model 
requirements in paragraphs (b)(1)(i-xi) of this section to all knowledge 
and skills test examiners. To be pre-approved by FMCSA, the examiner 
information manual must be comparable to AAMVA's ``2005 CDL Test System 
(July 2010 or newer Version) Model CDL Examiner's Manual,'' which FMCSA 
has approved and provides to all State Driver Licensing Agencies. The 
examiner information manual must include:
    (i) Information on driver application procedures contained in Sec.  
383.71, State procedures described in Sec.  383.73, and other 
appropriate driver information contained in subpart E of this part;
    (ii) Details on information that must be given to the applicant;
    (iii) Details on how to conduct the knowledge and skills tests;
    (iv) Scoring procedures and minimum passing scores for the knowledge 
and skills tests;
    (v) Information for selecting driving test routes for the skills 
tests;
    (vi) List of the skills to be tested;
    (vii) Instructions on where and how the skills will be tested;
    (viii) How performance of the skills will be scored;
    (ix) Causes for automatic failure of skills tests;
    (x) Standardized scoring sheets for the skills tests; and
    (xi) Standardized driving instructions for the applicants.
    (2) A State may include any additional State-specific information 
related to the CDL testing process.

[76 FR 26891, May 9, 2011, as amended at 81 FR 68347, Oct. 4, 2016]

[[Page 279]]



Sec.  383.133  Test methods.

    (a) All tests must be constructed in such a way as to determine if 
the applicant possesses the required knowledge and skills contained in 
subpart G of this part for the type of motor vehicle or endorsement the 
applicant wishes to obtain.
    (b) Knowledge tests:
    (1) States must use the FMCSA pre-approved pool of test questions to 
develop knowledge tests for each vehicle group and endorsement. The pool 
of questions must be comparable to those in AAMVA's ``2005 CDL Test 
System (July 2010 or newer Version) 2005 Test Item Summary Forms,'' 
which FMCSA has approved and provides to all State Driver Licensing 
Agencies.
    (2) The State method of generating knowledge tests must conform to 
the requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section 
and be pre-approved by FMCSA. The State method of generating knowledge 
tests must be comparable to the requirements outlined in AAMVA's ``2005 
CDL Test System (July 2010 or newer Version) 2005 Requirements Document 
For Use In Developing Computer-Generated Multiple-Choice CDL Knowledge 
Tests'', which FMCSA has approved and provides to all State Driver 
Licensing Agencies to develop knowledge tests for each vehicle group and 
endorsement. These requirements include:
    (i) The total difficulty level of the questions used in each version 
of a test must fall within a set range;
    (ii) Twenty-five percent of the questions on a test must be new 
questions that were not contained in the previous version of the test;
    (iii) Identical questions from the previous version of the test must 
be in a different location on the test and the three possible responses 
to the questions must be in a different order; and
    (iv) Each test must contain a set number of questions with a 
prescribed number of questions from each of the knowledge areas.
    (3) Each knowledge test must be valid and reliable so as to ensure 
that driver applicants possess the knowledge required under Sec.  
383.111. The knowledge tests may be administered in written form, 
verbally, or in automated format and can be administered in a foreign 
language, provided no interpreter is used in administering the test.
    (4) A State must use a different version of the test when an 
applicant retakes a previously failed test.
    (c) Skills tests:
    (1) A State must develop, administer and score the skills tests 
based solely on the information and standards contained in the driver 
and examiner manuals referred to in Sec.  383.131(a) and (b).
    (2) A State must use the standardized scores and instructions for 
administering the tests contained in the examiner manual referred to in 
Sec.  383.131(b).
    (3) An applicant must complete the skills tests in a representative 
vehicle to ensure that the applicant possess the skills required under 
Sec.  383.113. In determining whether the vehicle is a representative 
vehicle for the skills test and the group of CDL for which the applicant 
is applying, the vehicle's gross vehicle weight rating or gross 
combination weight rating must be used, not the vehicle's actual gross 
vehicle weight or gross combination weight.
    (4) Skills tests must be conducted in on-street conditions or under 
a combination of on-street and off-street conditions.
    (5) Interpreters are prohibited during the administration of skills 
tests. Applicants must be able to understand and respond to verbal 
commands and instructions in English by a skills test examiner. Neither 
the applicant nor the examiner may communicate in a language other than 
English during the skills test.
    (6) The skills test must be administered and successfully completed 
in the following order: Pre-trip inspection, basic vehicle control 
skills, on-road skills. If an applicant fails one segment of the skills 
test:
    (i) The applicant cannot continue to the next segment of the test; 
and
    (ii) Scores for the passed segments of the test are only valid 
during initial issuance of the CLP. If the CLP is renewed, all three 
segments of the skills test must be retaken.

[[Page 280]]

    (d) Passing scores for the knowledge and skills tests must meet the 
standards contained in Sec.  383.135.

[76 FR 26891, May 9, 2011, as amended at 81 FR 68347, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  383.135  Passing knowledge and skills tests.

    (a) Knowledge tests. (1) To achieve a passing score on each of the 
knowledge tests, a driver applicant must correctly answer at least 80 
percent of the questions.
    (2) If a driver applicant who fails the air brake portion of the 
knowledge test (scores less than 80 percent correct) is issued a CLP or 
CDL, an air brake restriction must be indicated on the CLP or CDL as 
required in Sec.  383.95(a).
    (3) A driver applicant who fails the combination vehicle portion of 
the knowledge test (scores less than 80 percent correct) must not be 
issued a Group A CLP or CDL.
    (b) Skills Tests. (1) To achieve a passing score on each segment of 
the skills test, the driver applicant must demonstrate that he/she can 
successfully perform all of the skills listed in Sec.  383.113 and 
attain the scores listed in Appendix A of the examiner manual referred 
to in Sec.  383.131(b) for the type of vehicle being used in the test.
    (2) A driver applicant who does not obey traffic laws, causes an 
accident during the test, or commits any other offense listed as a 
reason for automatic failure in the standards contained in the driver 
and examiner manuals referred to in Sec. Sec.  383.131(a) and (b), must 
automatically fail the test.
    (3) If a driver applicant who performs the skills test in a vehicle 
not equipped with any type of air brake system is issued a CDL, an air 
brake restriction must be indicated on the license as required in Sec.  
383.95(a).
    (4) If a driver applicant who performs the skills test in a vehicle 
equipped with air over hydraulic brakes is issued a CDL, a full air 
brake restriction must be indicated on the license as required in Sec.  
383.95(b).
    (5) If a driver applicant who performs the skills test in a vehicle 
equipped with an automatic transmission is issued a CDL, a manual 
transmission restriction must be indicated on the license as required in 
Sec.  383.95(c).
    (6) If a driver applicant who performs the skills test in a 
combination vehicle requiring a Group A CDL equipped with any non-fifth 
wheel connection is issued a CDL, a tractor-trailer restriction must be 
indicated on the license as required in Sec.  383.95(d).
    (7) If a driver applicant wants to remove any of the restrictions in 
paragraphs (b)(3) through (5) of this section, the applicant does not 
have to retake the complete skills test. The State may administer a 
modified skills test that demonstrates that the applicant can safely and 
effectively operate the vehicle's full air brakes, air over hydraulic 
brakes, and/or manual transmission. In addition, to remove the air brake 
or full air brake restriction, the applicant must successfully perform 
the air brake pre-trip inspection and pass the air brake knowledge test.
    (8) If a driver applicant wants to remove the tractor-trailer 
restriction in paragraph (b)(6) of this section, the applicant must 
retake all three skills tests in a representative tractor-trailer.
    (c) State recordkeeping. States must record and retain the knowledge 
and skills test scores of tests taken by driver applicants. The test 
scores must either be made part of the driver history record or be 
linked to the driver history record in a separate file.

[76 FR 26892, May 9, 2011]



    Subpart I_Requirement for Transportation Security Administration 
          approval of hazardous materials endorsement issuances



Sec.  383.141  General.

    (a) Applicability. This section applies to State agencies 
responsible for issuing hazardous materials endorsements for a CDL, and 
applicants for such endorsements.
    (b) Prohibition. A state may not issue, renew, upgrade, or transfer 
a hazardous material endorsement for a CDL to any individual authorizing 
that individual to operate a commercial motor vehicle transporting a 
hazardous material in commerce unless--
    (1) The Transportation Security Administration has determined that 
the

[[Page 281]]

individual does not pose a security risk warranting denial of the 
endorsement; or
    (2) The individual holds a valid TWIC.
    (c) Individual notification. At least 60 days prior to the 
expiration date of the CDL or hazardous materials endorsement, a State 
must notify the holder of a hazardous materials endorsement that the 
individual must pass a Transportation Security Administration security 
threat assessment process as part of any application for renewal of the 
hazardous materials endorsement. The notice must advise a driver that, 
in order to expedite the security screening process, he or she should 
file a renewal application as soon as possible, but not later than 30 
days before the date of expiration of the endorsement. An individual who 
does not successfully complete the Transportation Security 
Administration security threat assessment process referenced in 
paragraph (b) of this section may not be issued a hazardous materials 
endorsement.
    (d) Hazardous materials endorsement renewal cycle. Each State must 
require that hazardous materials endorsements be renewed every 5 years 
or less so that individuals are subject to a Transportation Security 
Administration security screening requirement referenced in paragraph 
(b) of this section at least every 5 years.

[68 FR 24850, May 5, 2003, as amended at 68 FR 63033, Nov. 7, 2003; 69 
FR 51393, Aug. 19, 2004; 70 FR 22271, Apr. 29, 2005; 77 FR 59825, Oct. 
1, 2012; 84 FR 52034, Oct. 1, 2019]



 Subpart J_Commercial Learner's Permit and Commercial Driver's License 
                                Documents

    Source: 53 FR 27657, July 21, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  383.151  General.

    (a) The CDL must be a document that is easy to recognize as a CDL.
    (b) The CLP must be a separate document from the CDL or non-CDL.
    (c) At a minimum, the CDL and the CLP must contain the information 
specified in Sec.  383.153.

[76 FR 26892, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  383.153  Information on the CLP and CDL documents and applications.

    (a) Commercial Driver's License. All CDLs must contain all of the 
following information:
    (1) The prominent statement that the license is a ``Commercial 
Driver's License'' or ``CDL,'' except as specified in paragraph (c) of 
this section.
    (2) The full name, signature, and mailing or residential address in 
the licensing State of the person to whom such license is issued.
    (3) Physical and other information to identify and describe such 
person including date of birth (month, day, and year), sex, and height.
    (4) Color photograph, digitized color image, or black and white 
laser engraved photograph of the driver. The State may issue a temporary 
CDL without a photo or image, if it is valid for no more than 60 days.
    (5) The driver's State license number.
    (6) The name of the State which issued the license.
    (7) The date of issuance and the date of expiration of the license.
    (8) The group or groups of commercial motor vehicle(s) that the 
driver is authorized to operate, indicated as follows:
    (i) A for Combination Vehicle;
    (ii) B for Heavy Straight Vehicle; and
    (iii) C for Small Vehicle.
    (9) The endorsement(s) for which the driver has qualified, if any, 
indicated as follows:
    (i) T for double/triple trailers;
    (ii) P for passenger;
    (iii) N for tank vehicle;
    (iv) H for hazardous materials;
    (v) X for a combination of tank vehicle and hazardous materials 
endorsements;
    (vi) S for school bus; and
    (vii) At the discretion of the State, additional codes for 
additional groupings of endorsements, as long as each such discretionary 
code is fully explained on the front or back of the CDL document.
    (10) The restriction(s) placed on the driver from operating certain 
equipment or vehicles, if any, indicated as follows:
    (i) L for No Air brake equipped CMV;
    (ii) Z for No Full air brake equipped CMV;

[[Page 282]]

    (iii) E for No Manual transmission equipped CMV;
    (iv) O for No Tractor-trailer CMV;
    (v) M for No Class A passenger vehicle;
    (vi) N for No Class A and B passenger vehicle;
    (vii) K for Intrastate only;
    (viii) V for medical variance; and
    (ix) At the discretion of the State, additional codes for additional 
restrictions, as long as each such restriction code is fully explained 
on the front or back of the CDL document.
    (b) Commercial Learner's Permit. (1) A CLP may, but is not required 
to, contain a digital color image or photograph or black and white laser 
engraved photograph.
    (2) All CLPs must contain all of the following information:
    (i) The prominent statement that the permit is a ``Commercial 
Learner's Permit'' or ``CLP,'' except as specified in paragraph (c) of 
this section, and that it is invalid unless accompanied by the 
underlying driver's license issued by the same jurisdiction.
    (ii) The full name, signature, and mailing or residential address in 
the permitting State of the person to whom the permit is issued.
    (iii) Physical and other information to identify and describe such 
person including date of birth (month, day, and year), sex, and height.
    (iv) The driver's State license number.
    (v) The name of the State which issued the permit.
    (vi) The date of issuance and the date of expiration of the permit.
    (vii) The group or groups of commercial motor vehicle(s) that the 
driver is authorized to operate, indicated as follows:
    (A) A for Combination Vehicle;
    (B) B for Heavy Straight Vehicle; and
    (C) C for Small Vehicle.
    (viii) The endorsement(s) for which the driver has qualified, if 
any, indicated as follows:
    (A) P for passenger endorsement. A CLP holder with a P endorsement 
is prohibited from operating a CMV carrying passengers, other than 
Federal/State auditors and inspectors, test examiners, other trainees, 
and the CDL holder accompanying the CLP holder as prescribed by Sec.  
CFR 383.25(a)(1) of this part;
    (B) S for school bus endorsement. A CLP holder with an S endorsement 
is prohibited from operating a school bus with passengers other than 
Federal/State auditors and inspectors, test examiners, other trainees, 
and the CDL holder accompanying the CLP holder as prescribed by Sec.  
383.25(a)(1) of this part; and
    (C) N for tank vehicle endorsement. A CLP holder with an N 
endorsement may only operate an empty tank vehicle and is prohibited 
from operating any tank vehicle that previously contained hazardous 
materials that has not been purged of any residue.
    (ix) The restriction(s) placed on the driver, if any, indicated as 
follows:
    (A) P for No passengers in CMV bus;
    (B) X for No cargo in CMV tank vehicle;
    (C) L for No Air brake equipped CMV;
    (D) V for medical variance;
    (E) M for No Class A passenger vehicle;
    (F) N for No Class A and B passenger vehicle;
    (G) K for Intrastate only.
    (H) Any additional jurisdictional restrictions that apply to the CLP 
driving privilege.
    (c) If the CLP or CDL is a Non-domiciled CLP or CDL, it must contain 
the prominent statement that the license or permit is a ``Non-domiciled 
Commercial Driver's License,'' ``Non-domiciled CDL,'' ``Non-domiciled 
Commercial Learner's Permit,'' or ``Non-domiciled CLP,'' as appropriate. 
The word ``Non-domiciled'' must be conspicuously and unmistakably 
displayed, but may be noncontiguous with the words ``Commercial Driver's 
License,'' ``CDL,'' ``Commercial Learner's Permit,'' or ``CLP.''
    (d) If the State has issued the applicant an air brake restriction 
as specified in Sec.  383.95, that restriction must be indicated on the 
CLP or CDL.
    (e) Except in the case of a Non-domiciled CLP or CDL holder who is 
domiciled in a foreign jurisdiction:
    (1) A driver applicant must provide his/her Social Security Number 
on the application of a CLP or CDL.
    (2) The State must provide the Social Security Number to the CDLIS.

[[Page 283]]

    (3) The State must not display the Social Security Number on the CLP 
or CDL.
    (f) The State may issue a multipart CDL provided that:
    (1) Each document is explicitly tied to the other document(s) and to 
a single driver's record.
    (2) The multipart license document includes all of the data elements 
specified in this section.
    (g) Current CDL holders are not required to be retested to determine 
whether they need any of the new restrictions for no full air brakes, no 
manual transmission and no tractor-trailer. These new restrictions only 
apply to CDL applicants who take skills tests on or after July 8, 2015 
(including those applicants who previously held a CDL before the new 
restrictions went into effect).
    (h) On or after July 8, 2015 current CLP and CDL holders who do not 
have the standardized endorsement and restriction codes and applicants 
for a CLP or CDL are to be issued CLPs with the standardized codes upon 
initial issuance, renewal or upgrade and CDLs with the standardized 
codes upon initial issuance, renewal, upgrade or transfer.

[76 FR 26892, May 9, 2011; 76 FR 39018, July 5, 2011, as amended at 78 
FR 17881, Mar. 25, 2013; 78 FR 58480, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  383.155  Tamperproofing requirements.

    States must make the CLP and CDL tamperproof to the maximum extent 
practicable. At a minimum, a State must use the same tamperproof method 
used for noncommercial drivers' licenses.

[76 FR 26893, May 9, 2011]



PART 384_STATE COMPLIANCE WITH COMMERCIAL DRIVER'S LICENSE PROGRAM-
-Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
384.101 Purpose and scope.
384.103 Applicability.
384.105 Definitions.
384.107 Matter incorporated by reference.

    Subpart B_Minimum Standards for Substantial Compliance by States

384.201 Testing program.
384.202 Test standards.
384.203 Driving while under the influence.
384.204 CLP or CDL issuance and information.
384.205 CDLIS information.
384.206 State record checks.
384.207 Notification of licensing.
384.208 Notification of disqualification.
384.209 Notification of traffic violations.
384.210 Limitation on licensing.
384.211 Surrender of old licenses.
384.212 Domicile requirement.
384.213 Penalties for driving without a proper CDL.
384.214 Reciprocity.
384.215 First offenses.
384.216 Second offenses.
384.217 Drug offenses.
384.218 Second serious traffic violation.
384.219 Third serious traffic violation.
384.220 Problem Driver Pointer System information.
384.221 Out-of-service regulations (intoxicating beverage).
384.222 Violation of out-of-service orders.
384.223 Railroad-highway grade crossing violation.
384.224 Noncommercial motor vehicle violations.
384.225 CDLIS driver recordkeeping.
384.226 Prohibition on masking convictions.
384.227 Record of digital image or photograph.
384.228 Examiner training and record checks.
384.229 Skills test examiner auditing and monitoring.
384.230 Entry-level driver certification.
384.231 Satisfaction of State disqualification requirement.
384.232 Required timing of record checks.
384.233 Background records checks.
384.234 Driver medical certification recordkeeping.
384.235 Commercial driver's license Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.
384.236 Entry-level driver training provider notification.

          Subpart C_Procedures for Determining State Compliance

384.301 Substantial compliance--general requirement.
384.303 [Reserved]
384.305 State certifications for Federal fiscal years after FY 1994.
384.307 FMCSA program reviews of State compliance.
384.309 Results of compliance determination.

[[Page 284]]

              Subpart D_Consequences of State Noncompliance

384.401 Withholding of funds based on noncompliance.
384.403 Period of availability; effect of compliance and noncompliance.
384.405 Decertification of State CDL program.
384.407 [Reserved]
384.409 Notification of noncompliance.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 31136, 31301, et seq., and 31502; secs. 103 and 
215 of Pub. L. 106-159, 113 Stat. 1748, 1753, 1767; sec. 32934 of Pub. 
L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 830; sec. 5524 of Pub. L. 114-94, 129 Stat. 
1312, 1560; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 59 FR 26039, May 18, 1994, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 384 appear at 66 FR 
49872, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  384.101  Purpose and scope.

    (a) Purpose. The purpose of this part is to ensure that the States 
comply with the provisions of section 12009(a) of the Commercial Motor 
Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 (49 U.S.C. 31311(a)).
    (b) Scope. This part:
    (1) Includes the minimum standards for the actions States must take 
to be in substantial compliance with each of the 22 requirements of 49 
U.S.C. 31311(a);
    (2) Establishes procedures for determinations to be made of such 
compliance by States; and
    (3) Specifies the consequences of State noncompliance.

[62 FR 37152, July 11, 1997]



Sec.  384.103  Applicability.

    The rules in this part apply to all States.



Sec.  384.105  Definitions.

    (a) The definitions in part 383 of this title apply to this part, 
except where otherwise specifically noted.
    (b) As used in this part:
    CDLIS motor vehicle record (CDLIS MVR) means a report generated from 
the CDLIS driver record meeting the requirements for access to CDLIS 
information and provided by States to users authorized in Sec.  
384.225(e)(3) and (4), subject to the provisions of the Driver Privacy 
Protection Act, 18 U.S.C. 2721-2725.
    Issue and issuance means the initial issuance, renewal or upgrade of 
a CLP or Non-domiciled CLP and the initial issuance, renewal, upgrade or 
transfer of a CDL or Non-domiciled CDL, as described in Sec.  383.73 of 
this subchapter.
    Licensing entity means the agency of State government that is 
authorized to issue drivers' licenses.
    Year of noncompliance means any Federal fiscal year during which--
    (1) A State fails to submit timely certification as prescribed in 
subpart C of this part; or
    (2) The State does not meet one or more of the standards of subpart 
B of this part, based on a final determination by the FMCSA under Sec.  
384.307(c) of this part.

[59 FR 26039, May 18, 1994, as amended at 73 FR 73125, Dec. 1, 2008; 76 
FR 26893, May 9, 2011; 78 FR 17881, Mar. 25, 2013]



Sec.  384.107  Matter incorporated by reference.

    (a) Incorporation by reference. This part includes references to 
certain matter or materials. The text of the materials is not included 
in the regulations contained in this part. The materials are hereby made 
a part of the regulations in this part. The Director of the Office of 
the Federal Register has approved the materials incorporated by 
reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. For 
materials subject to change, only the specific version approved by the 
Director of the Office of the Federal Register and specified in the 
regulation are incorporated. Material is incorporated as it exists on 
the date of the approval and a notice of any change in these materials 
will be published in the Federal Register. All of the materials 
incorporated by reference are available from the sources listed below 
and available for inspection at the Department of Transportation 
Library, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001; telephone 
is (202) 366-0746. These documents are also available for inspection and 
copying as provided in 49 CFR part 7. They are also available for 
inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). 
For information on the availability of

[[Page 285]]

this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://
www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/
ibr_locations.html.
    (b) The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators 
(AAMVA), 4301 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 400, Arlington, VA 22203, (703) 
522-1300, http://www.aamva.org.
    (1) ``Commercial Driver's License Information System (CDLIS) State 
Procedures Manual,'' Release 5.3.2.1, August 2013, incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec. Sec.  384.225(f) and 384.231(d).
    (2) [Reserved]

[79 FR 59456, Oct. 2, 2014]



    Subpart B_Minimum Standards for Substantial Compliance by States



Sec.  384.201  Testing program.

    (a) The State shall adopt and administer a program for testing and 
ensuring the fitness of persons to operate commercial motor vehicles 
(CMVs) in accordance with the minimum Federal standards contained in 
part 383 of this title.
    (b) To obtain a copy of FMCSA pre-approved State Testing System 
referenced in Sec. Sec.  383.131, 383.133 and 383.135, State Driver 
Licensing Agencies may contact: FMCSA, CDL Division, 1200 New Jersey 
Avenue, SE, Washington DC 20590.

[76 FR 26893, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.202  Test standards.

    No State shall authorize a person to operate a CMV unless such 
person passes a knowledge and driving skills test for the operation of a 
CMV in accordance with part 383 of this title.



Sec.  384.203  Driving while under the influence.

    (a) The State must have in effect and enforce through licensing 
sanctions the disqualifications prescribed in Sec.  383.51(b) of this 
subchapter for driving a CMV with a 0.04 alcohol concentration.
    (b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require a State to 
apply its criminal or other sanctions for driving under the influence to 
a person found to have operated a CMV with an alcohol concentration of 
0.04, except licensing sanctions including suspension, revocation, or 
cancellation.
    (c) A State that enacts and enforces through licensing sanctions the 
disqualifications prescribed in Sec.  383.51(b) of this subchapter for 
driving a CMV with a 0.04 alcohol concentration and gives full faith and 
credit to the disqualification of CMV drivers by other States shall be 
deemed in substantial compliance with section 12009(a)(3) of the 
Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 (49 U.S.C. 31311(a)(3)).

[67 FR 49761, July 31, 2002]



Sec.  384.204  CLP or CDL issuance and information.

    (a) General rule. The State shall authorize a person to operate a 
CMV only by issuance of a CLP or CDL, unless an exception in Sec.  
383.3(c) or (d) applies, which contains, at a minimum, the information 
specified in part 383, subpart J, of this subchapter.
    (b) Exceptions--(1) Training. The State may authorize a person who 
does not hold a CDL valid for the type of vehicle in which training 
occurs to undergo behind-the-wheel training in a CMV only by means of a 
CLP issued and used in accordance with Sec.  383.25 of this subchapter.
    (2) Confiscation of CLP or CDL pending enforcement. A State may 
allow a CLP or CDL holder whose CLP or CDL is held in trust by that 
State or any other State in the course of enforcement of the motor 
vehicle traffic code, but who has not been convicted of a disqualifying 
offense under Sec.  383.51 of this subchapter based on such enforcement, 
to drive a CMV while holding a dated receipt for such CLP or CDL.

[76 FR 26894, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.205  CDLIS information.

    Before issuing a CLP or a CDL to any person, the State must, within 
the period of time specified in Sec.  384.232, perform the check of the 
Commercial Driver's License Information System (CDLIS) in accordance 
with Sec.  383.73(b)(3)(ii) of this subchapter, and,

[[Page 286]]

based on that information, issue the license or, in the case of adverse 
information, promptly implement the disqualifications, licensing 
limitations, denials, and/or penalties that are called for in any 
applicable section(s) of this subpart.

[76 FR 26894, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.206  State record checks.

    (a) Issuing State's records. (1) Before issuing, renewing, or 
upgrading a CLP or issuing, renewing, upgrading or transferring CDL to 
any person, the driver's State of record must, within the period of time 
specified in Sec.  384.232, check its own driver records as follows:
    (i) The driver record of the person in accordance with Sec.  
383.73(b)(3)(i) of this chapter; and
    (ii) For a driver who certifies that his/her type of driving is non-
excepted, interstate commerce according to Sec.  383.71(b)(1)(i) of this 
chapter, the medical certification status information on the person's 
CDLIS driver record.
    (2) Based on the findings of its own State record check, the State 
of record must do one of the following as appropriate:
    (i) Issue, renew, upgrade, or transfer the applicant's CLP or CDL;
    (ii) In the event the State obtains adverse information regarding 
the applicant, promptly implement the disqualifications, licensing 
limitations, denials, or penalties that are called for in any applicable 
section(s) of this subpart; or
    (iii) In the event there is no information regarding the driver's 
self-certification for driving type required by Sec.  383.71(b)(1), or 
for a driver who is required by Sec.  383.71(h) to be ``certified,'' if 
the medical certification status of the individual is ``non-certified,'' 
the State must deny the CDL action requested by the applicant and 
initiate a downgrade of the CDL, if required by Sec.  383.73(o)(4) of 
this chapter.
    (b) Other States' records. (1) Before the initial or transfer 
issuance of a CLP or CDL to a person, and before renewing or upgrading a 
CLP or CDL held by any person, the issuing State must:
    (i) Require the applicant to provide the names of all States where 
the applicant has previously been licensed to operate any type of motor 
vehicle during the previous 10 years.
    (ii) Within the time period specified in Sec.  384.232, request the 
complete driver record from all States where the applicant was licensed 
within the previous 10 years to operate any type of motor vehicle.
    (2) States receiving a request for the driver record of a person 
currently or previously licensed by the State must provide the 
information within 30 days.
    (3) Based on the findings of the other State record checks, the 
issuing State must, in the case of adverse information regarding the 
applicant, promptly implement the disqualifications, licensing 
limitations, denials, or penalties that are called for in any applicable 
section(s) of this subpart.

[76 FR 26894, May 9, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 58480, Sept. 24, 2013; 79 
FR 59456, Oct. 2, 2014]



Sec.  384.207  Notification of licensing.

    Within the period defined in Sec.  383.73(h) of this subchapter, the 
State must:
    (a) Notify the operator of the CDLIS of each CLP or CDL issuance;
    (b) Notify the operator of the CDLIS of any changes in driver 
identification information; and
    (c) In the case of transfer issuances, implement the Change State of 
Record transaction, as specified by the operator of the CDLIS, in 
conjunction with the previous State of record and the operator of the 
CDLIS.

[59 FR 26039, May 18, 1994, as amended at 76 FR 26894, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.208  Notification of disqualification.

    (a) No later than 10 days after disqualifying a CLP or CDL holder 
licensed by another State, or disqualifying an out-of-State CLP or CDL 
holder's privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle for at least 60 
days, the State must notify the State that issued the license of the 
disqualification via CDLIS.

[[Page 287]]

    (b) The notification must include both the disqualification and the 
violation that resulted in the disqualification, revocation, suspension, 
or cancellation. The notification and the information it provides must 
be recorded on the CDLIS driver record.

[67 FR 49761, July 31, 2002, as amended at 73 FR 73125, Dec. 1, 2008; 76 
FR 26894, May 9, 2011; 86 FR 38940, July 23, 2021]



Sec.  384.209  Notification of traffic violations.

    (a) Required notification with respect to CLP or CDL holders. (1) 
Whenever a person who holds a CLP or CDL from another State is convicted 
of a violation of any State or local law relating to motor vehicle 
traffic control (other than parking, vehicle weight or vehicle defect 
violations), in any type of vehicle, the licensing entity of the State 
in which the conviction occurs must notify the licensing entity in the 
State where the driver is licensed of this conviction within the time 
period established in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (2) Whenever a person who holds a foreign commercial driver's 
license is convicted of a violation of any State or local law relating 
to motor vehicle traffic control (other than parking, vehicle weight or 
vehicle defect violations), in any type of vehicle, the licensing entity 
of the State in which the conviction occurs must report that conviction 
to the Federal Convictions and Withdrawal Database.
    (b) Required notification with respect to non-CDL holders. (1) 
Whenever a person who does not hold a CDL, but who is licensed to drive 
by another State, is convicted of a violation in a CMV of any State or 
local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than a 
parking violation), the licensing entity of the State in which the 
conviction occurs must notify the licensing entity in the State where 
the driver is licensed of this conviction within the time period 
established in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (2) Whenever a person from a foreign country who is unlicensed or 
holds a foreign non-commercial driver's license is convicted of a 
violation in a CMV of any State or local law relating to motor vehicle 
traffic control (other than a parking violation), the licensing entity 
of the State in which the conviction occurs must report that conviction 
to the Federal Convictions and Withdrawal Database.
    (c) Required timing of notification. Notification of traffic 
violations must be made within 10 days of the conviction and must be 
transmitted through CDLIS.

[78 FR 60232, Oct. 1, 2013, as amended at 79 FR 59456, Oct. 2, 2014; 80 
FR 36932, June 29, 2015; 86 FR 38940, July 23, 2021]



Sec.  384.210  Limitation on licensing.

    A State must not knowingly issue a CLP, a CDL, or a commercial 
special license or permit (including a provisional or temporary license) 
permitting a person to drive a CMV during a period in which:
    (a) A person is disqualified from operating a CMV, as 
disqualification is defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, or under 
the provisions of Sec.  383.73(j) or Sec.  384.231(b)(2) of this 
subchapter;
    (b) The CLP or CDL holder's noncommercial driving privilege has been 
disqualified; or
    (c) Any type of driver's license held by such person is disqualified 
by the State where the driver is licensed for any State or local law 
related to motor vehicle traffic control (other than parking, vehicle 
weight or vehicle defect violations).

[76 FR 26894, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.211  Surrender of old licenses.

    The State may not initially issue, upgrade, or transfer a CDL to a 
person unless such person first surrenders any previously issued 
driver's license and CLP.

[76 FR 26894, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.212  Domicile requirement.

    (a) The State may issue CDLs or CLPs only to persons for whom the 
State is the State of domicile as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this 
subchapter; except that the State may issue a Non-domiciled CLP or CDL 
under the conditions specified in Sec. Sec.  383.23(b), 383.71(f), and 
383.73(f) of this subchapter.
    (b) The State must require any person holding a CDL issued by 
another State to apply for a transfer CDL from

[[Page 288]]

the State within 30 days after establishing domicile in the State, as 
specified in Sec.  383.71(c) of this subchapter.

[76 FR 26894, May 9, 2011, as amended at 79 FR 59456, Oct. 2, 2014]



Sec.  384.213  State penalties for drivers of CMVs.

    The State must impose on drivers of CMVs appropriate civil and 
criminal penalties that are consistent with the penalties prescribed 
under part 383, subpart D, of this subchapter.

[67 FR 49761, July 31, 2002]



Sec.  384.214  Reciprocity.

    The State must allow any person to operate a CMV in the State who is 
not disqualified from operating a CMV and who holds a CLP or CDL that 
is--
    (a) Issued to him or her by his/her State or jurisdiction of 
domicile in accordance with part 383 of this subchapter;
    (b) Not disqualified; and
    (c) Valid, under the terms of part 383, subpart F, of this 
subchapter, for the type of vehicle being driven.

[76 FR 26895, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.215  First offenses.

    (a) General rule. The State must disqualify from operating a CMV 
each person who is convicted, as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this 
subchapter, in any State or jurisdiction, of a disqualifying offense 
specified in items (1) through (8) of Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 of this 
subchapter, for no less than one year.
    (b) Special rule for hazardous materials offenses. If the offense 
under paragraph (a) of this section occurred while the driver was 
operating a vehicle transporting hazardous materials as defined in Sec.  
383.5, the State shall disqualify the person for no less than three 
years.

[59 FR 26039, May 18, 1994, as amended at 67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002; 77 
FR 59825, Oct. 1, 2012]



Sec.  384.216  Second offenses.

    (a) General rule. The State must disqualify for life from operating 
a CMV each person who is convicted, as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this 
subchapter, in any State or jurisdiction, of a subsequent offense as 
described in Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 of this subchapter.
    (b) Special rule for certain lifetime disqualifications. A driver 
disqualified for life under Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 may be reinstated 
after 10 years by the driver's State of residence if the requirements of 
Sec.  383.51(a)(6) have been met.

[67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002; 78 FR 58480, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  384.217  Drug offenses.

    The State must disqualify from operating a CMV for life any person 
who is convicted, as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, in any 
State or jurisdiction of a first offense of using a CMV (or, in the case 
of a CLP or CDL holder, a CMV or a non-CMV) in the commission of a 
felony described in item (9) of Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 of this 
subchapter. The State shall not apply the special rule in Sec.  
384.216(b) to lifetime disqualifications imposed for controlled 
substance felonies as detailed in item (9) of Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 of 
this subchapter.

[76 FR 26895, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.218  Second serious traffic violation.

    The State must disqualify from operating a CMV for a period of not 
less than 60 days each person who, in a three-year period, is convicted, 
as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, in any State(s) or 
jurisdiction(s), of two serious traffic violations as specified in Table 
2 to Sec.  383.51.

[67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002]



Sec.  384.219  Third serious traffic violation.

    The State must disqualify from operating a CMV for a period of not 
less than 120 days each person who, in a three-year period, is 
convicted, as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, in any State(s) 
or jurisdiction(s), of three serious traffic violations as specified in 
Table 2 to Sec.  383.51. This disqualification period must be in 
addition to any other previous period of disqualification.

[67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002]

[[Page 289]]



Sec.  384.220  Problem Driver Pointer System information.

    Before issuing a CLP or CDL to any person, the State must, within 
the period of time specified in Sec.  384.232, perform the check of the 
Problem Driver Pointer System in accordance with Sec.  383.73(b)(3)(iii) 
of this subchapter, and, based on that information, promptly implement 
the disqualifications, licensing limitations, and/or penalties that are 
called for in any applicable section(s) of this subpart.

[76 FR 26895, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.221  Out-of-service regulations (intoxicating beverage).

    The State shall adopt, and enforce on operators of CMVs as defined 
in Sec. Sec.  383.5 and 390.5 of this title, the provisions of Sec.  
392.5 (a) and (c) of this title in accordance with the Motor Carrier 
Safety Assistance Program as contained in 49 CFR part 350 and applicable 
policy and guidelines.



Sec.  384.222  Violation of out-of-service orders.

    The State must have and enforce laws and/or regulations applicable 
to drivers of CMVs and their employers, as defined in Sec.  383.5 of 
this subchapter, which meet the minimum requirements of Sec.  383.37(d), 
Table 4 to Sec.  383.51, and Sec.  383.53(b) of this subchapter.

[80 FR 59073, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  384.223  Railroad-highway grade crossing violation.

    The State must have and enforce laws and/or regulations applicable 
to CMV drivers and their employers, as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this 
subchapter, which meet the minimum requirements of Sec.  383.37(e), 
Table 3 to Sec.  383.51, and Sec.  383.53(c) of this subchapter.

[67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002, as amended at 78 FR 58480, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  384.224  Noncommercial motor vehicle violations.

    The State must have and enforce laws and/or regulations applicable 
to drivers of non-CMVs, as defined in Sec.  383.5 of this subchapter, 
which meet the minimum requirements of Tables 1 and 2 to Sec.  383.51 of 
this subchapter.

[67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002]



Sec.  384.225  CDLIS driver recordkeeping.

    The State must:
    (a) CLP or CDL holder. Post and maintain as part of the CDLIS driver 
record:
    (1) All convictions, disqualifications and other licensing actions 
for violations of any State or local law relating to motor vehicle 
traffic control (other than parking, vehicle weight, or vehicle defect 
violations) committed in any type of vehicle.
    (2) The following medical certification status information:
    (i) Driver self-certification for the type of driving operations 
provided in accordance with Sec.  383.71(b)(1) of this chapter, and
    (ii) Information from medical certification recordkeeping in 
accordance with Sec.  383.73(o) of this chapter.
    (3) The removal of the CLP or CDL privilege from the driver's 
license in accordance with Sec.  383.73(q) of this chapter.
    (b) A person required to have a CLP or CDL. Record and maintain as 
part of the CDLIS driver record all convictions, disqualifications and 
other licensing actions for violations of any State or local law 
relating to motor vehicle traffic control (other than parking, vehicle 
weight, or vehicle defect violations) committed while the driver was 
operating a CMV.
    (c) Make CDLIS driver record information required by this section 
available to the users designated in paragraph (e) of this section, or 
to their authorized agent, within 10 days of:
    (1) Receiving the conviction or disqualification information from 
another State; or
    (2) The date of the conviction, if it occurred in the same State.
    (d) Retain on the CDLIS driver record record all convictions, 
disqualifications and other licensing actions for violations for at 
least 3 years or longer as required under Sec.  384.231(d).
    (e) Only allow the following users or their authorized agents to 
receive the designated information:
    (1) States--All information on all CDLIS driver records.

[[Page 290]]

    (2) Secretary of Transportation--All information on all CDLIS driver 
records.
    (3) Driver--All information on that driver's CDLIS driver record 
obtained on the CDLIS Motor Vehicle Record from the State according to 
its procedures.
    (4) Motor Carrier or Prospective Motor Carrier--After notification 
to a driver, all information on that driver's, or prospective driver's, 
CDLIS driver record obtained on the CDLIS Motor Vehicle Record from the 
State according to its procedures.
    (f) Ensure the content of the report provided a user authorized by 
paragraph (e) of this section from the CDLIS driver record is comparable 
to the report that would be generated by a CDLIS State-to-State request 
for a CDLIS driver history, as defined in the ``CDLIS State Procedures 
Manual'' (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  384.107(b)), and must 
include the medical certification status information of the driver in 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section. This does not preclude authorized 
users from requesting a CDLIS driver status.

[67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002, as amended at 73 FR 73125, Dec. 1, 2008; 76 
FR 26895, May 9, 2011; 78 FR 58480, Sept. 24, 2013; 79 FR 59456, Oct. 2, 
2014; 86 FR 55743, Oct. 7, 2021]



Sec.  384.226  Prohibition on masking convictions.

    The State must not mask, defer imposition of judgment, or allow an 
individual to enter into a diversion program that would prevent a CLP or 
CDL holder's conviction for any violation, in any type of motor vehicle, 
of a State or local traffic control law (other than parking, vehicle 
weight, or vehicle defect violations) from appearing on the CDLIS driver 
record, whether the driver was convicted for an offense committed in the 
State where the driver is licensed or another State.

[76 FR 26895, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.227  Record of digital image or photograph.

    The State must:
    (a) Record the digital color image or photograph or black and white 
laser engraved photograph that is captured as part of the application 
process and placed on the licensing document of every person who is 
issued a CDL, as required under Sec.  383.153. The digital color image 
or photograph or black and white laser engraved photograph must either 
be made part of the driver history or be linked to the driver history in 
a separate file.
    (b) Check the digital color image or photograph or black and white 
laser engraved photograph on record whenever the CDL applicant or holder 
appears in person to renew, upgrade, or transfer a CDL and when a 
duplicate CDL is issued.
    (c) Check the digital color image or photograph or black and white 
laser engraved photograph on record whenever the CLP applicant or holder 
appears in person to issue, renew or upgrade a CLP and when a duplicate 
CLP is issued.
    (d) If no digital color image or photograph or black and white laser 
engraved photograph exists on record, the State must check the 
photograph or image on the base-license presented with the CLP or CDL 
application.

[76 FR 26895, May 9, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 17881, Mar. 25, 2013]



Sec.  384.228  Examiner training and record checks.

    For all State and third party CDL test examiners, the State must 
meet the following 10 requirements:
    (a) Establish examiner training standards for initial and refresher 
training that provides CDL test examiners with a fundamental 
understanding of the objectives of the CDL testing program, and with all 
of the knowledge and skills necessary to serve as a CDL test examiner 
and assist jurisdictions in meeting the Federal CDL testing 
requirements.
    (b) Require all State knowledge and skills test examiners to 
successfully complete a formal CDL test examiner training course and 
examination before certifying them to administer CDL knowledge and 
skills tests.
    (c) The training course for CDL knowledge test examiners must cover 
at least the following three units of instruction:
    (1) Introduction to CDL Licensing System:

[[Page 291]]

    (i) The Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986.
    (ii) Drivers covered by CDL program.
    (iii) CDL vehicle classification.
    (iv) CDL endorsements and restrictions.
    (2) Overview of the CDL tests:
    (i) CDL test, classifications, and endorsements.
    (ii) Different examinations.
    (iii) Representative vehicles.
    (iv) Validity and reliability.
    (v) Test maintenance.
    (3) Knowledge tests:
    (i) General knowledge tests.
    (ii) Specialized knowledge tests.
    (iii) Selecting the appropriate tests and test forms.
    (iv) Knowledge test administration.
    (d) The training course for CDL skills test examiners must cover at 
least the following five units of instruction:
    (1) Introduction to CDL Licensing System:
    (i) The Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986.
    (ii) Drivers covered by CDL program.
    (iii) CDL vehicle classification.
    (iv) CDL endorsements and restrictions.
    (2) Overview of the CDL tests:
    (i) CDL test, classifications, and endorsements.
    (ii) Different examinations.
    (iii) Representative vehicles.
    (iv) Validity and reliability.
    (v) Test maintenance.
    (3) Vehicle inspection test:
    (i) Test overview.
    (ii) Description of safety rules.
    (iii) Test scoring procedures.
    (iv) Scoring standards.
    (v) Calculating final score.
    (4) Basic control skills testing:
    (i) Setting up the basic control skills course.
    (ii) Description of safety rules.
    (iii) General scoring procedures.
    (iv) Administering the test.
    (v) Calculating the score.
    (5) Road test:
    (i) Setting up the road test.
    (ii) Required maneuvers.
    (iii) Administering the road test.
    (iv) Calculating the score.
    (e) Require all third party skills test examiners to successfully 
complete a formal CDL test examiner training course and examination 
before certifying them to administer CDL skills tests. The training 
course must cover at least the five units of instruction in paragraph 
(d) of this section.
    (f) Require State and third party CDL test examiners to successfully 
complete a refresher training course and examination every four years to 
maintain their CDL test examiner certification. The refresher training 
course must cover at least the following:
    (1) For CDL knowledge test examiners, the three units of training 
described in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (2) For CDL skills test examiners, the five units of training 
described in paragraph (d) of this section.
    (3) Any State specific material and information related to 
administering CDL knowledge and skills tests.
    (4) Any new Federal CDL regulations, updates to administering the 
tests, and new safety related equipment on the vehicles.
    (g) Complete nationwide criminal background check of all skills test 
examiners prior to certifying them to administer CDL skills tests.
    (h)(1) Complete nationwide criminal background check of all State 
and third party test examiners at the time of hiring.
    (2) Complete nationwide criminal background check of any State and 
third party current test examiner who has not had a nationwide criminal 
background check.
    (3) Criteria for not passing the criminal background check must 
include at least the following:
    (i) Any felony conviction within the last 10 years; or
    (ii) Any conviction involving fraudulent activities.
    (i) Maintain a record of the results of the criminal background 
check and CDL examiner test training and certification of all CDL test 
examiners.
    (j) Rescind the certification to administer CDL tests of all test 
examiners who do not successfully complete the required refresher 
training every 4 years.
    (k) The eight units of training described in paragraphs (c) and (d) 
of this section may be supplemented with

[[Page 292]]

State-specific material and information related to administering CDL 
knowledge and skills tests.

[76 FR 26895, May 9, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 17882, Mar. 25, 2013; 79 
FR 59456, Oct. 2, 2014; 80 FR 59073, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  384.229  Skills test examiner auditing and monitoring.

    To ensure the integrity of the CDL skills testing program, the State 
must:
    (a) At least once every 2 years, conduct unannounced, on-site 
inspections of third party testers' and examiners' records, including 
comparison of the CDL skills test results of applicants who are issued 
CDLs with the CDL scoring sheets that are maintained in the third party 
testers' files;
    (b) At least once every 2 years, conduct covert and overt monitoring 
of examinations performed by State and third party CDL skills test 
examiners.
    (c) Establish and maintain a database to track pass/fail rates of 
applicants tested by each State and third party CDL skills test 
examiner, in order to focus covert and overt monitoring on examiners who 
have unusually high pass or failure rates;
    (d) Establish and maintain a database of all third party testers and 
examiners, which at a minimum tracks the dates and results of audits and 
monitoring actions by the State, the dates third party testers were 
certified by the State, and name and identification number of each third 
party CDL skills test examiner;
    (e) Establish and maintain a database of all State CDL skills 
examiners, which at a minimum tracks the dates and results of monitoring 
action by the State, and the name and identification number of each 
State CDL skills examiner; and
    (f) Establish and maintain a database that tracks skills tests 
administered by each State and third party CDL skills test examiner's 
name and identification number.

[76 FR 26896, May 9, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 79 
FR 59456, Oct. 2, 2014]



Sec.  384.230  Entry-level driver certification.

    (a) Beginning on February 7, 2022, a State must comply with the 
requirements of Sec.  383.73(b)(11) and (e)(9) of this subchapter to 
verify that the applicant completed the training prescribed in subpart F 
of part 380 of this subchapter.
    (b)(1) A State may issue a CDL to individuals who obtain a CLP 
before February 7, 2022, who have not complied with subpart F of part 
380 of this subchapter so long as they obtain a CDL before the CLP or 
renewed CLP expires.
    (2) A State may not issue a CDL to individuals who obtain a CLP on 
or after February 7, 2022, unless they comply with subpart F of part 380 
of this subchapter.

[81 FR 88803, Dec. 8, 2016, as amended at 85 FR 6101, Feb. 4, 2020; 86 
FR 34636, June 30, 2021]



Sec.  384.231  Satisfaction of State disqualification requirement.

    (a) Applicability. The provisions of Sec. Sec.  384.203, 384.206(b), 
384.210, 384.213, 384.215 through 384.219, 384.221 through 384.224, and 
384.231 of this part apply to the State of licensure of the person 
affected by the provision. The provisions of Sec.  384.210 of this part 
also apply to any State to which a person makes application for a 
transfer CDL.
    (b) Required action--(1) CLP or CDL holders. A State must satisfy 
the requirement of this subpart that the State disqualify a person who 
holds a CLP or a CDL by, at a minimum, disqualifying the person's CLP or 
CDL for the applicable period of disqualification.
    (2) A person required to have a CLP or CDL. A State must satisfy the 
requirement of this subpart that the State disqualify a person required 
to have a CLP or CDL who is convicted of an offense or offenses 
necessitating disqualification under Sec.  383.51 of this subchapter. At 
a minimum, the State must implement the limitation on licensing 
provisions of Sec.  384.210 and the timing and recordkeeping 
requirements of paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section so as to prevent 
such a person from legally obtaining a CLP or CDL from any State during 
the applicable disqualification period(s) specified in this subpart.

[[Page 293]]

    (c) Required timing. The State must disqualify a driver as 
expeditiously as possible.
    (d) Recordkeeping requirements. The State must conform to the 
requirements of the CDLIS State Procedures Manual (incorporated by 
reference in Sec.  384.107(b).) These requirements include the 
maintenance of such driver records and driver identification data on the 
CDLIS as the FMCSA finds are necessary to the implementation and 
enforcement of the disqualifications called for in Sec. Sec.  384.215 
through 384.219, and 384.221 through 384.224 of this part.

[67 FR 49762, July 31, 2002, as amended at 73 FR 73126, Dec. 1, 2008; 76 
FR 26896, May 9, 2011]



Sec.  384.232  Required timing of record checks.

    The State shall perform the record checks prescribed in Sec. Sec.  
384.205, 384.206, and 384.220, no earlier than 10 days prior to issuance 
for licenses issued before October 1, 1995. For licenses issued after 
September 30, 1995, the State shall perform the record checks no earlier 
than 24 hours prior to issuance if the license is issued to a driver who 
does not currently possess a valid CDL from the same State and no 
earlier than 10 days prior to issuance for all other drivers.



Sec.  384.233  Background records checks.

    (a) The State shall comply with Transportation Security 
Administration requirements concerning background records checks for 
drivers seeking to obtain, renew, transfer or upgrade a hazardous 
materials endorsement in 49 CFR Part 1572, to the extent those 
provisions impose requirements on the State.
    (b) The State shall comply with each requirement of 49 CFR 383.141.

[68 FR 23850, May 5, 2003]



Sec.  384.234  Driver medical certification recordkeeping.

    The State must meet the medical certification recordkeeping 
requirements of Sec.  383.73(a)(2)(vii), (b)(5), (c)(8), (d)(8), (e)(6) 
and (o).

[80 FR 22812, Apr. 23, 2015]



Sec.  384.235  Commercial driver's license Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.

    Beginning November 18, 2024, the State must:
    (a) Request information from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse in 
accordance with Sec.  383.73 of this chapter and comply with the 
applicable provisions therein; and
    (b)(1) Comply with Sec.  383.73(q) of this chapter upon receiving 
notification from FMCSA that, pursuant to Sec.  382.501(a) of this 
chapter, the driver is prohibited from operating a commercial motor 
vehicle; and
    (2) Comply with Sec.  383.73(q) of this chapter upon receiving 
notification from FMCSA that, pursuant to Sec.  382.503(a) of this 
chapter, the driver is no longer prohibited from operating a commercial 
motor vehicle; or that FMCSA erroneously identified the driver as 
prohibited from operating a commercial motor vehicle.

[86 FR 55743, Oct. 7, 2021]



Sec.  384.236  Entry-level driver training provider notification.

    The State must meet the entry-level driver training provider 
notification requirement of Sec.  383.73(p).

[81 FR 88803, Dec. 8, 2016; 82 FR 2916, Jan. 10, 2017]



          Subpart C_Procedures for Determining State Compliance



Sec.  384.301  Substantial compliance-general requirements.

    (a) To be in substantial compliance with 49 U.S.C. 31311(a), a State 
must meet each and every standard of subpart B of this part by means of 
the demonstrable combined effect of its statutes, regulations, 
administrative procedures and practices, organizational structures, 
internal control mechanisms, resource assignments (facilities, 
equipment, and personnel), and enforcement practices.
    (b)(1) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part in effect as of September 30, 
2002 as soon as practical, but, unless otherwise specifically provided 
in this part, not later than September 30, 2005.

[[Page 294]]

    (2) Exception. A State must come into substantial compliance with 49 
CFR 383.123 not later than September 30, 2006.
    (c) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part in effect as of September 4, 2007 
as soon as practical but, unless otherwise specifically provided in this 
part, not later than September 4, 2010.
    (d) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part in effect as of January 30, 2009, 
as soon as practical, but not later than January 30, 2012.
    (e) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part in effect as of October 27, 2010 
as soon as practical, but not later than October 28, 2013.
    (f) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part in effect as of July 8, 2011 and 
April 24, 2013 as soon as practical but, unless otherwise specifically 
provided in this part, not later than July 8, 2015.
    (g) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part, which is effective as of 
December 5, 2011, as soon as practicable, but not later than January 30, 
2012.
    (h) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part in effect as of January 3, 2012) 
as soon as practical, but not later than January 3, 2015.
    (i) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part and part 383 of this chapter in 
effect as of June 22, 2015, as soon as practical, but, unless otherwise 
specifically provided in this part, not later than June 23, 2025.
    (j) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part and part 383 of this chapter in 
effect as of December 12, 2016 as soon as practicable, but, unless 
otherwise specifically provided in this part, not later than December 
12, 2019.
    (k) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part and part 383 of this chapter in 
effect as of February 6, 2017, but not later than February 7, 2022.
    (l) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part and part 383 of this chapter in 
effect as of November 27, 2018 as soon as practicable, but, unless 
otherwise specifically provided in this part, not later than November 
27, 2021.
    (m) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of part 383 of this chapter in effect as of September 23, 
2019, or as soon as practicable, but not later than September 23, 2022.
    (n) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of this part in effect as of August 23, 2021, as soon as 
practicable, but not later than August 22, 2024.
    (o) A State must come into substantial compliance with the 
requirements of subpart B of this part and part 383 of this chapter in 
effect as of November 8, 2021, as soon as practicable, but, unless 
otherwise specifically provided in this part, not later than November 
18, 2024.

[67 FR 49763, July 31, 2002]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
384.301, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.fdsys.gov.



Sec.  384.303  [Reserved]



Sec.  384.305  State certifications for Federal fiscal years after FY 1994.

    (a) Certification requirement. Prior to January 1 of each Federal 
fiscal year after FY 1994, each State shall review its compliance with 
this part and certify to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator 
as prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. The certification shall 
be submitted as a signed original and four copies to the Division 
Administrator/State Director or Officer-in-Charge, Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration, located in that State.
    (b) Certification content. The certification shall consist of a 
statement signed by the Governor of the State, or by an official 
designated by the Governor, and reading as follows: ``I (name of 
certifying official), (position title), of the State (Commonwealth) of 
______,

[[Page 295]]

do hereby certify that the State (Commonwealth) has continuously been in 
substantial compliance with all requirements of 49 U.S.C. 31311(a), as 
defined in 49 CFR 384.301, since [the first day of the current Federal 
fiscal year], and contemplates no changes in statutes, regulations, or 
administrative procedures, or in the enforcement thereof, which would 
affect such substantial compliance through [the last date of the current 
Federal fiscal year].''

[59 FR 26039, May 18, 1994, as amended at 62 FR 37152, July 11, 1997; 78 
FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 79 FR 59456, Oct. 2, 2014]



Sec.  384.307  FMCSA program reviews of State compliance.

    (a) FMCSA Program Reviews. Each State's CDL program will be subject 
to review to determine whether or not the State meets the general 
requirement for substantial compliance in Sec.  384.301. The State must 
cooperate with the review and provide any information requested by the 
FMCSA.
    (b) Preliminary FMCSA determination and State response. If, after 
review, a preliminary determination is made either that the State has 
not submitted the required annual self-certification or that the State 
does not meet one or more of the minimum standards for substantial 
compliance under subpart B of this part, the State will be informed 
accordingly.
    (c) Reply. The State will have up to 30 calendar days to respond to 
the preliminary determination. The State's reply must explain what 
corrective action it either has implemented or intends to implement to 
correct the deficiencies cited in the notice or, alternatively, why the 
FMCSA preliminary determination is incorrect. The State must provide 
documentation of corrective action as required by the agency. Corrective 
action must be adequate to correct the deficiencies noted in the program 
review and be implemented on a schedule mutually agreed upon by the 
agency and the State. Upon request by the State, an informal conference 
will be provided during this time.
    (d) Final FMCSA determination. If, after reviewing a timely response 
by the State to the preliminary determination, a final determination is 
made that the State is not in compliance with the affected standard, the 
State will be notified of the final determination. In making its final 
determination, the FMCSA will take into consideration the corrective 
action either implemented or planned to be implemented in accordance 
with the mutually agreed upon schedule.
    (e) State's right to judicial review. Any State aggrieved by an 
adverse decision under this section may seek judicial review under 5 
U.S.C. Chapter 7.

[67 FR 49763, July 31, 2002]



Sec.  384.309  Results of compliance determination.

    (a) A State shall be determined not substantially in compliance with 
49 U.S.C. 31311(a) for any fiscal year in which it:
    (1) Fails to submit the certification as prescribed in this subpart; 
or
    (2) Does not meet one or more of the standards of subpart B of this 
part, as established in a final determination by the FMCSA under Sec.  
384.307(d).
    (b) A State shall be in substantial compliance with 49 U.S.C. 
31311(a) for any fiscal year in which neither of the eventualities in 
paragraph (a) of this section occurs.

[62 FR 37152, July 11, 1997, as amended at 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013]



              Subpart D_Consequences of State Noncompliance



Sec.  384.401  Withholding of funds based on noncompliance.

    (a) Following the first year of noncompliance. An amount up to 4 
percent of the Federal-aid highway funds required to be apportioned to 
any State under 23 U.S.C. 104(b)(1) and (2) shall be withheld from a 
State on the first day of the fiscal year following such State's first 
year of noncompliance under this part.
    (b) Following second and subsequent year(s) of noncompliance. An 
amount up to 8 percent of the Federal-aid highway funds required to be 
apportioned to any State under 23 U.S.C. 104(b)(1) and (2) shall be 
withheld from a State on the first day of the fiscal year following such 
State's second or subsequent

[[Page 296]]

year(s) of noncompliance under this part.

[86 FR 35642, July 7, 2021]



Sec.  384.403  Availability of funds withheld for noncompliance.

    Federal-aid highway funds withheld from a State under Sec.  
384.401(a) or (b) of this subpart shall not thereafter be available for 
apportionment to the State.

[80 FR 59073, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  384.405  Decertification of State CDL program.

    (a) Prohibition on CLP or CDL transactions. The Administrator may 
prohibit a State found to be in substantial noncompliance from 
performing any of the following CLP or CDL transactions:
    (1) Initial issuance.
    (2) Renewal.
    (3) Transfer.
    (4) Upgrade.
    (b) Conditions considered in making decertification determination. 
The Administrator will consider, but is not limited to, the following 
five conditions in determining whether the CDL program of a State in 
substantial noncompliance should be decertified:
    (1) The State computer system does not check the Commercial Driver's 
License Information System (CDLIS) and/or national Driver Registry 
problem Driver Pointer System (PDPS) as required by Sec.  383.73 of this 
subchapter when issuing, renewing or upgrading a CLP or issuing, 
renewing, upgrading or transferring a CDL.
    (2) The State does not disqualify drivers convicted of disqualifying 
offenses in commercial motor vehicles.
    (3) The State does not transmit convictions for out-of-State drivers 
to the State where the driver is licensed.
    (4) The State does not properly administer knowledge and/or skills 
tests to CLP or CDL applicants or drivers.
    (5) The State fails to submit a corrective action plan for a 
substantial compliance deficiency or fails to implement a corrective 
action plan within the agreed time frame.
    (c) Standard for considering deficiencies. The deficiencies 
described in paragraph (b) of this section must affect a substantial 
number of either CLP and CDL applicants or drivers.
    (d) Decertification: Preliminary determination. If the Administrator 
finds that a State is in substantial noncompliance with subpart B of 
this part, as indicated by the factors specified in paragraph (b) of 
this section, among other things, the FMCSA will inform the State that 
it has made a preliminary determination of noncompliance and that the 
State's CDL program may therefore be decertified. Any response from the 
State, including factual or legal arguments or a plan to correct the 
noncompliance, must be submitted within 30 calendar days after receipt 
of the preliminary determination.
    (e) Decertification: Final determination. If, after considering all 
material submitted by the State in response to the FMCSA preliminary 
determination, the Administrator decides that substantial noncompliance 
exists, which warrants decertification of the CDL program, he/she will 
issue a decertification order prohibiting the State from issuing CLPs 
and CDLs until such time as the Administrator determines that the 
condition(s) causing the decertification has (have) been corrected.
    (f) Recertification of a State. The Governor of the decertified 
State or his/her designated representative must submit a certification 
and documentation that the condition causing the decertification has 
been corrected. If the FMCSA determines that the condition causing the 
decertification has been satisfactorily corrected, the Administrator 
will issue a recertification order, including any conditions that must 
be met in order to begin issuing CLPs and CDLs in the State.
    (g) State's right to judicial review. Any State aggrieved by an 
adverse decision under this section may seek judicial review under 5 
U.S.C. Chapter 7.
    (h) Validity of previously issued CLPs or CDLs. A CLP or CDL issued 
by a State prior to the date the State is prohibited from issuing CLPs 
or CDLs in accordance with provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, 
will remain valid until its stated expiration date.

[76 FR 26896, May 9, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 17882, Mar. 25, 2013]

[[Page 297]]



Sec.  384.407  [Reserved]



Sec.  384.409  Notification of noncompliance.

    If FMCSA determines that a State is not in substantial compliance 
with Sec.  384.209, or if FMCSA issues a decertification order 
prohibiting a State from issuing commercial driver's licenses, FMCSA 
will notify commercial learner's permit and commercial driver's license 
holders of these actions by publication of a Federal Register notice. 
The notification will advise commercial learner's permit and commercial 
driver's license holders that they must comply with the self-reporting 
requirements of Sec.  383.31(a) with respect to convictions obtained in 
that State until such time that FMCSA determines the State to be in 
substantial compliance.

[78 FR 24688, Apr. 26, 2013]



PART 385_SAFETY FITNESS PROCEDURES--Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
385.1 Purpose and scope.
385.3 Definitions and acronyms.
385.4 Matter incorporated by reference.
385.5 Safety fitness standard.
385.7 Factors to be considered in determining a safety rating.
385.9 Determination of a safety rating.
385.11 Notification of safety fitness determination.
385.13 Unsatisfactory rated motor carriers; prohibition on 
          transportation; ineligibility for Federal contracts.
385.14 Motor carriers, brokers, and freight forwarders delinquent in 
          paying civil penalties: prohibition on transportation.
385.15 Administrative review.
385.17 Change to safety rating based upon corrective actions.
385.19 Safety fitness information.
385.21 Separation of functions.

    Subpart B_Safety Monitoring System for Mexico-Domiciled Carriers

385.101 Definitions.
385.103 Safety monitoring system.
385.105 Expedited action.
385.107 The safety audit.
385.109 The compliance review.
385.111 Suspension and revocation of Mexico-domiciled carrier 
          registration.
385.113 Administrative review.
385.115 Reapplying for provisional registration.
385.117 Duration of safety monitoring system.
385.119 Applicability of safety fitness and enforcement procedures.

 Subpart C_Certification of Safety Auditors, Safety Investigators, and 
                            Safety Inspectors

385.201 Who is qualified to perform a safety audit or investigation, 
          including review, of a motor carrier or an intermodal 
          equipment provider?
385.203 What are the requirements to obtain and maintain certification 
          to perform a safety audit or investigation, including review?
385.205 How can an individual who has lost certification to perform a 
          safety audit or investigation, including review, be re-
          certified?
385.207 What are the requirements to obtain and maintain certification 
          to conduct driver or vehicle inspections?

             Subpart D_New Entrant Safety Assurance Program

385.301 What is a motor carrier required to do before beginning 
          interstate operations?
385.301T What is a motor carrier required to do before beginning 
          interstate operations?
385.302 [Reserved]
385.303 How does a motor carrier register with the FMCSA?
385.303T How does a motor carrier register with the FMCSA?
385.304 [Reserved]
385.305 What happens after the FMCSA receives a request for new entrant 
          registration?
385.305T What happens after the FMCSA receives a request for new entrant 
          registration?
385.306 What are the consequences of furnishing misleading information 
          or making a false statement in connection with the 
          registration process?
385.307 What happens after a motor carrier begins operations as a new 
          entrant?
385.308 What may cause an expedited action?
385.309 What is the purpose of the safety audit?
385.311 What will the safety audit consist of?
385.313 Who will conduct the safety audit?
385.315 Where will the safety audit be conducted?
385.317 Will a safety audit result in a safety fitness determination by 
          the FMCSA?
385.319 What happens after the completion of the safety audit?
385.321 What failures of safety management practices disclosed by the 
          safety audit will result in a notice to a new entrant

[[Page 298]]

          that its USDOT new entrant registration will be revoked?
385.323 May FMCSA extend the period under Sec.  385.319(c) for a new 
          entrant to take corrective action to remedy its safety 
          management practices?
385.325 What happens after a new entrant has been notified under 
          385.319(c) to take corrective action to remedy its safety 
          management practices?
385.327 May a new entrant request an administrative review of a 
          determination of a failed safety audit?
385.329 May a new entrant that has had its USDOT new entrant 
          registration revoked and its operations placed out of service 
          reapply?
385.329T May a new entrant that has had its USDOT new entrant 
          registration revoked and its operations placed out of service 
          reapply?
385.331 What happens if a new entrant operates a CMV after having been 
          issued an order placing its interstate operations out of 
          service?
385.333 What happens at the end of the 18-month safety monitoring 
          period?
385.335 If the FMCSA conducts a compliance review on a new entrant, will 
          the new entrant also be subject to a safety audit?
385.337 What happens if a new entrant refuses to permit a safety audit 
          to be performed on its operations?

              Subpart E_Hazardous Materials Safety Permits

385.401 What is the purpose and scope of this subpart?
385.402 What definitions are used in this subpart?
385.403 Who must hold a safety permit?
385.405 How does a motor carrier apply for a safety permit?
385.405T How does a motor carrier apply for a safety permit?
385.407 What conditions must a motor carrier satisfy for FMCSA to issue 
          a safety permit?
385.409 When may a temporary safety permit be issued to a motor carrier?
385.409T When may a temporary safety permit be issued to a motor 
          carrier?
385.411 Must a motor carrier obtain a safety permit if it has a State 
          permit?
385.413 What happens if a motor carrier receives a proposed safety 
          rating that is less than Satisfactory?
385.415 What operational requirements apply to the transportation of a 
          hazardous material for which a permit is required?
385.417 Is a motor carrier's safety permit number available to others?
385.419 How long is a safety permit effective?
385.419T How long is a safety permit effective?
385.421 Under what circumstances will a safety permit be subject to 
          revocation or suspension by FMCSA?
385.421T Under what circumstances will a safety permit be subject to 
          revocation or suspension by FMCSA?
385.423 Does a motor carrier have a right to an administrative review of 
          a denial, suspension, or revocation of a safety permit?

                Subpart F_Intermodal Equipment Providers

385.501 Roadability review.
385.503 Results of roadability review.

Subpart G [Reserved]

  Subpart H_Special Rules for New Entrant Non-North America-Domiciled 
                                Carriers

385.601 Scope of rules.
385.603 Application.
385.603T Application.
385.605 New entrant registration driver's license and drug and alcohol 
          testing requirements.
385.607 FMCSA action on the application.
385.607T FMCSA action on the application.
385.609 Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.
385.609T Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant information.

Appendix to Subpart H of Part 385--Explanation of Pre-Authorization 
          Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria for Non-North America-
          Domiciled Motor Carriers

   Subpart I_Safety Monitoring System for Non-North America-Domiciled 
                                Carriers

385.701 Definitions.
385.703 Safety monitoring system.
385.705 Expedited action.
385.707 The compliance review.
385.709 Suspension and revocation of non-North America-domiciled carrier 
          registration.
385.711 Administrative review.
385.713 Reapplying for new entrant registration.
385.713T Reapplying for new entrant registration.
385.715 Duration of safety monitoring system.
385.717 Applicability of safety fitness and enforcement procedures.

Subpart J [Reserved]

[[Page 299]]

  Subpart K_Pattern or Practice of Safety Violations by Motor Carrier 
                               Management

385.901 Applicability.
385.903 Definitions.
385.905 Suspension or revocation of registration.
385.907 Regulatory noncompliance.
385.909 Pattern or practice.
385.911 Suspension proceedings.
385.913 Revocation proceedings.
385.915 Petitions for rescission.
385.917 Other orders unaffected; not exclusive remedy.
385.919 Penalties.
385.921 Service and computation of time.

                     Subpart L_Reincarnated Carriers

385.1001 Applicability.
385.1003 Definitions.
385.1005 Prohibition.
385.1007 Determination of violation.
385.1009 Suspension proceedings.
385.1011 Revocation proceedings.
385.1013 Petitions for rescission.
385.1015 Other orders unaffected; not exclusive remedy.
385.1017 Penalties.
385.1019 Service and computation of time.

Appendix A to Part 385--Explanation of Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria
Appendix B to Part 385--Explanation of Safety Rating Process

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 113, 504, 521(b), 5105(d), 5109, 5113, 13901-
13905, 13908, 31135, 31136, 31144, 31148, 31151, 31502; sec. 113(a), 
Pub. L. 103-311, 108 Stat. 1673, 1676; sec. 408, Pub. L. 104-88, 109 
Stat. 803, 958; sec. 350, Pub. L. 107-87, 115 Stat. 833, 864; sec. 5205, 
Pub. L. 114-94, 129 Stat. 1312, 1537; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 53 FR 50968, Dec. 19, 1988, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 385 appear at 66 FR 
49872, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  385.1  Purpose and scope.

    (a) This part establishes the FMCSA's procedures to determine the 
safety fitness of motor carriers, to assign safety ratings, to direct 
motor carriers to take remedial action when required, and to prohibit 
motor carriers receiving a safety rating of ``unsatisfactory'' from 
operating a CMV.
    (b) This part establishes the safety assurance program for a new 
entrant motor carrier initially seeking to register with FMCSA to 
conduct interstate operations. It also describes the consequences that 
will occur if the new entrant fails to maintain adequate basic safety 
management controls.
    (c) This part establishes the safety permit program for a motor 
carrier to transport the types and quantities of hazardous materials 
listed in Sec.  385.403.
    (d) The provisions of this part apply to all motor carriers subject 
to the requirements of this subchapter, except non-business private 
motor carriers of passengers.
    (e) Subpart F of this part establishes procedures to perform a 
roadability review of intermodal equipment providers to determine their 
compliance with the applicable Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 
(FMCSRs).

[65 FR 50934, Aug. 22, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 31982, May 13, 2002; 69 
FR 39366, June 30, 2004; 73 FR 76818, Dec. 17, 2008; 75 FR 17240, Apr. 
5, 2010; 77 FR 28450, May 14, 2012]



Sec.  385.3  Definitions and acronyms.

    Applicable safety regulations or requirements means 49 CFR chapter 
III, subchapter B--Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations or, if the 
carrier is an intrastate motor carrier subject to the hazardous 
materials safety permit requirements in subpart E of this part, the 
equivalent State standards; and 49 CFR chapter I, subchapter C--
Hazardous Materials Regulations.
    CMV means a commercial motor vehicle as defined in Sec.  390.5 of 
this subchapter.
    Commercial motor vehicle shall have the same meaning as described in 
Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter, except that this definition will also 
apply to intrastate motor vehicles subject to the hazardous materials 
safety permit requirements of subpart E of this part.
    FMCSA means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.
    FMCSRs mean Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (49 CFR parts 
350-399).
    HMRs means the Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR parts 171-
180).
    Motor carrier operations in commerce means commercial motor vehicle 
transportation operations either--
    (1) In interstate commerce, or
    (2) Affecting interstate commerce.
    New entrant is a motor carrier not domiciled in Mexico that applies 
for a

[[Page 300]]

United States Department of Transportation (DOT) identification number 
in order to initiate operations in interstate commerce.
    New entrant registration is the registration (US DOT number) granted 
a new entrant before it can begin interstate operations in an 18-month 
monitoring period. A safety audit must be performed on a new entrant's 
operations within 12 months after receipt of its US DOT number for motor 
carriers of property and 120 days for motor carriers of passengers, and 
it must be found to have adequate basic safety management controls to 
continue operating in interstate commerce at the end of the 18-month 
period.
    PHMSA means Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.
    Preventable accident on the part of a motor carrier means an 
accident (1) that involved a commercial motor vehicle, and (2) that 
could have been averted but for an act, or failure to act, by the motor 
carrier or the driver.
    Reviews. For the purposes of this part:
    (1) Compliance review means an examination of motor carrier 
operations, such as drivers' hours of service, maintenance and 
inspection, driver qualification, commercial driver's license 
requirements, financial responsibility, accidents, hazardous materials, 
and other safety and transportation records to determine whether a motor 
carrier meets the safety fitness standard in this part. A compliance 
review may be conducted in response to a request to change a safety 
rating, to investigate potential violations of safety regulations by 
motor carriers, or to investigate complaints or other evidence of safety 
violations. The compliance review may result in the initiation of an 
enforcement action.
    (2) Safety audit means an examination of a motor carrier's 
operations to provide educational and technical assistance on safety and 
the operational requirements of the FMCSRs and applicable HMRs and to 
gather critical safety data needed to make an assessment of the 
carrier's safety performance and basic safety management controls. 
Safety audits do not result in safety ratings.
    (3) Safety management controls means the systems, policies, 
programs, practices, and procedures used by a motor carrier to ensure 
compliance with applicable safety and hazardous materials regulations 
which ensure the safe movement of products and passengers through the 
transportation system, and to reduce the risk of highway accidents and 
hazardous materials incidents resulting in fatalities, injuries, and 
property damage.
    (4) Roadability review means an examination of the intermodal 
equipment provider's compliance with the applicable FMCSRs.
    Safety ratings. (1) Satisfactory safety rating means that a motor 
carrier has in place and functioning adequate safety management controls 
to meet the safety fitness standard prescribed in Sec.  385.5. Safety 
management controls are adequate if they are appropriate for the size 
and type of operation of the particular motor carrier.
    (2) Conditional safety rating means a motor carrier does not have 
adequate safety management controls in place to ensure compliance with 
the safety fitness standard that could result in occurrences listed in 
Sec.  385.5 (a) through (k).
    (3) Unsatisfactory safety rating means a motor carrier does not have 
adequate safety management controls in place to ensure compliance with 
the safety fitness standard which has resulted in occurrences listed in 
Sec.  385.5 (a) through (k).
    (4) Unrated carrier means that a safety rating has not been assigned 
to the motor carrier by the FMCSA.

[53 FR 50968, Dec. 19, 1988, as amended at 56 FR 40805, Aug. 16, 1991; 
62 FR 60042, Nov. 6, 1997; 67 FR 12779, Mar. 19, 2002; 67 FR 31983, May 
13, 2002; 69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004; 72 FR 36788, July 5, 2007; 73 FR 
76818, Dec. 17, 2008; 75 FR 17240, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 FR 28450, May 14, 
2012; 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 78 FR 60232, Oct. 1, 2013; 80 FR 
59073, Oct. 1, 2015; 86 FR 35642, July 7, 2021; 87 FR 59036, Sept. 29, 
2022]



Sec.  385.4  Matter incorporated by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved

[[Page 301]]

incorporation by reference (IBR) material is available for inspection at 
the FMCSA and at the National Archives and Records Administration 
(NARA). Contact FMCSA at: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Enforcement and Compliance, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, 
Washington, DC 20590; Attention: Chief, Compliance Division at (202) 
366-1812. For information on inspection at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/
federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html or email [email protected]. 
The material may be obtained from the source in the following paragraph 
of this section.
    (b) Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA), 99 M Street SE, Suite 
1025, Washington, DC 20003, telephone (202) 998-1002, www.cvsa.org.
    (1) ``North American Standard Out-of-Service Criteria and Level VI 
Inspection Procedures and Out-of-Service Criteria for Commercial Highway 
Vehicles Transporting Transuranics and Highway Route Controlled 
Quantities of Radioactive Materials as defined in 49 CFR part 173.403,'' 
April 1, 2022, incorporation by reference approved for Sec.  385.415(b).
    (2) ``Operational Policy 4: Inspector Training and Certification'', 
Revised April 29, 2021 (CVSA Operational Policy 4); incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec.  385.207. (Also available at 
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/certification).

[87 FR 78582, Dec. 22, 2022]



Sec.  385.5  Safety fitness standard.

    The satisfactory safety rating is based on the degree of compliance 
with the safety fitness standard for motor carriers. For intrastate 
motor carriers subject to the hazardous materials safety permit 
requirements of subpart E of this part, the motor carrier must meet the 
equivalent State requirements. To meet the safety fitness standard, the 
motor carrier must demonstrate it has adequate safety management 
controls in place, which function effectively to ensure acceptable 
compliance with applicable safety requirements to reduce the risk 
associated with:
    (a) Commercial driver's license standard violations (part 383 of 
this chapter),
    (b) Inadequate levels of financial responsibility (part 387 of this 
chapter),
    (c) The use of unqualified drivers (part 391 of this chapter),
    (d) Improper use and driving of motor vehicles (part 392 of this 
chapter),
    (e) Unsafe vehicles operating on the highways (part 393 of this 
chapter),
    (f) Failure to maintain accident registers and copies of accident 
reports (part 390 of this chapter),
    (g) The use of fatigued drivers (part 395 of this chapter),
    (h) Inadequate inspection, repair, and maintenance of vehicles (part 
396 of this chapter),
    (i) Transportation of hazardous materials, driving and parking rule 
violations (part 397 of this chapter),
    (j) Violation of hazardous materials regulations (parts 170-177 of 
this title), and
    (k) Motor vehicle accidents and hazardous materials incidents.

[77 FR 28454, May 14, 2012]



Sec.  385.7  Factors to be considered in determining a safety rating.

    The factors to be considered in determining the safety fitness and 
assigning a safety rating include information from safety reviews, 
compliance reviews and any other data. The factors may include all or 
some of the following:
    (a) Adequacy of safety management controls. The adequacy of controls 
may be questioned if their degree of formalization, automation, etc., is 
found to be substantially below the norm for similar carriers. 
Violations, accidents or incidents substantially above the norm for 
similar carriers will be strong evidence that management controls are 
either inadequate or not functioning properly.
    (b) Frequency and severity of regulatory violations.
    (c) Frequency and severity of driver/vehicle regulatory violations 
identified during roadside inspections of motor carrier operations in 
commerce and, if the motor carrier operates in the United States, of 
operations in Canada and Mexico.
    (d) Number and frequency of out-of-service driver/vehicle violations 
of motor carrier operations in commerce and, if the motor carrier 
operates in

[[Page 302]]

the United States, of operations in Canada and Mexico.
    (e) Increase or decrease in similar types of regulatory violations 
discovered during safety or compliance reviews.
    (f) For motor carrier operations in commerce and (if the motor 
carrier operates in the United States) in Canada and Mexico: Frequency 
of accidents; hazardous materials incidents; accident rate per million 
miles; indicators of preventable accidents; and whether such accidents, 
hazardous materials incidents, and preventable accident indicators have 
increased or declined over time.
    (g) Number and severity of violations of CMV and motor carrier 
safety rules, regulations, standards, and orders that are both issued by 
a State, Canada, or Mexico and compatible with Federal rules, 
regulations, standards, and orders.

[53 FR 50968, Dec. 19, 1988, as amended at 58 FR 33776, June 21, 1993; 
72 FR 36788, July 5, 2007]



Sec.  385.9  Determination of a safety rating.

    (a) Following a compliance review of a motor carrier operation, the 
FMCSA, using the factors prescribed in Sec.  385.7 as computed under the 
Safety Fitness Rating Methodology set forth in appendix B of this part, 
shall determine whether the present operations of the motor carrier are 
consistent with the safety fitness standard set forth in Sec.  385.5, 
and assign a safety rating accordingly.
    (b) Unless otherwise specifically provided in this part, a safety 
rating will be issued to a motor carrier within 30 days following the 
completion of a compliance review.

[62 FR 60042, Nov. 6, 1997, as amended at 75 FR 17241, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 
FR 28450, May 14, 2012]



Sec.  385.11  Notification of safety fitness determination.

    (a) The FMCSA will provide a motor carrier written notice of any 
safety rating resulting from a compliance review as soon as practicable, 
but not later than 30 days after the review. The notice will take the 
form of a letter issued from the FMCSA's headquarters office and will 
include a list of FMCSR and HMR compliance deficiencies which the motor 
carrier must correct.
    (b) If the safety rating is ``satisfactory'' or improves a previous 
``unsatisfactory'' safety rating, it is final and becomes effective on 
the date of the notice.
    (c) In all other cases, a notice of a proposed safety rating will be 
issued. It becomes the final safety rating after the following time 
periods:
    (1) For motor carriers transporting hazardous materials in 
quantities requiring placarding or transporting passengers by CMV--45 
days after the date of the notice.
    (2) For all other motor carriers operating CMVs--60 days after the 
date of the notice.
    (d) A proposed safety rating of ``unsatisfactory'' is a notice to 
the motor carrier that the FMCSA has made a preliminary determination 
that the motor carrier is ``unfit'' to continue operating in interstate 
commerce, and that the prohibitions in Sec.  385.13 will be imposed 
after 45 or 60 days if necessary safety improvements are not made.
    (e) A motor carrier may request the FMCSA to perform an 
administrative review of a proposed or final safety rating. The process 
and the time limits are described in Sec.  385.15.
    (f) A motor carrier may request a change to a proposed or final 
safety rating based upon its corrective actions. The process and the 
time limits are described in Sec.  385.17.

[65 FR 50934, Aug. 22, 2000, as amended at 75 FR 17241, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 
FR 28450, May 14, 2012]



Sec.  385.13  Unsatisfactory rated motor carriers; prohibition on 
transportation; ineligibility for Federal contracts.

    (a) Generally, a motor carrier rated ``unsatisfactory'' is 
prohibited from operating a CMV. Information on motor carriers, 
including their most current safety rating, is available from the FMCSA 
Safety and Fitness Electronic Records System website at https://
safer.fmcsa.dot.gov, or by telephone at (800) 832-5660.
    (1) Motor carriers transporting hazardous materials in quantities 
requiring placarding, and motor carriers

[[Page 303]]

transporting passengers in a CMV, are prohibited from operating a CMV in 
motor carrier operations in commerce beginning on the 46th day after the 
date of the FMCSA notice of proposed ``unsatisfactory'' rating.
    (2) All other motor carriers rated as a result of reviews are 
prohibited from operating a CMV in motor carrier operations in commerce 
beginning on the 61st day after the date of the FMCSA notice of proposed 
``unsatisfactory'' rating. If FMCSA determines that the motor carrier is 
making a good-faith effort to improve its safety fitness, FMCSA may 
allow the motor carrier to operate for up to 60 additional days.
    (b) A Federal agency must not use a motor carrier that holds an 
``unsatisfactory'' rating to transport passengers in a CMV or to 
transport hazardous materials in quantities requiring placarding.
    (c) A Federal agency must not use a motor carrier for other CMV 
transportation if that carrier holds an ``unsatisfactory'' rating.
    (d) Penalties. (1) If a proposed ``unsatisfactory'' safety rating 
becomes final, FMCSA will issue an order placing out of service the 
motor carrier's operations in commerce. The out-of-service order shall 
apply both to the motor carrier's operations in interstate commerce and 
to its operations affecting interstate commerce.
    (2) If a motor carrier's intrastate operations are declared out of 
service by a State, FMCSA must issue an order placing out of service the 
carrier's operations in interstate commerce. The following conditions 
apply:
    (i) The State that issued the intrastate out-of-service order 
participates in the Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program and uses the 
FMCSA safety rating methodology provided in this part; and
    (ii) The motor carrier has its principal place of business in the 
State that issued the out-of-service order.
    (iii) The order prohibiting the motor carrier from operating a CMV 
in interstate commerce shall remain in effect until the State determines 
that the carrier is fit.
    (3) Any motor carrier that operates CMVs in violation of this 
section is subject to the penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. 521(b) and 
appendix B to part 386 of the FMCSRs.
    (e) Revocation of operating authority. If a proposed 
``unsatisfactory'' safety rating or a proposed determination of 
unfitness becomes final, FMCSA will, following notice, issue an order 
revoking the operating authority of the owner or operator. For purposes 
of this section, the term ``operating authority'' means the registration 
required under 49 U.S.C. 13902 and Sec.  392.9a of this subchapter. Any 
motor carrier that operates CMVs after revocation of its operating 
authority will be subject to the penalty provisions listed in 49 U.S.C. 
14901.

[65 FR 50934, Aug. 22, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 36788, July 5, 2007; 72 
FR 55700, Oct. 1, 2007; 75 FR 17241, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 FR 28450, 28454, 
May 14, 2012; 84 FR 51432, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  385.14  Motor carriers, brokers, and freight forwarders delinquent
in paying civil penalties: prohibition on transportation.

    (a) A CMV owner or operator that has failed to pay civil penalties 
imposed by the FMCSA, or has failed to abide by a payment plan, may be 
prohibited from operating CMVs in interstate commerce under 49 CFR 
386.83.
    (b) A broker, freight forwarder, or for-hire motor carrier that has 
failed to pay civil penalties imposed by the FMCSA, or has failed to 
abide by a payment plan, may be prohibited from operating in interstate 
commerce, and its registration may be suspended under the provisions of 
49 CFR 386.84.

[65 FR 78427, Dec. 15, 2000]



Sec.  385.15  Administrative review.

    (a) A motor carrier may request FMCSA to conduct an administrative 
review if it believes FMCSA has committed an error in assigning its 
proposed or final safety rating in accordance with Sec.  385.11.
    (b) The motor carrier's request must explain the error it believes 
the FMCSA committed in issuing the safety rating. The motor carrier must 
include a list of all factual and procedural issues in dispute, and any 
information or documents that support its argument.

[[Page 304]]

    (c) The motor carrier must submit its request in writing to the 
Assistant Administrator, ATTN: Adjudications Counsel, Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 
20590-0001.
    (1) If a motor carrier has received a notice of a proposed 
``unsatisfactory'' safety rating, it should submit its request within 15 
days from the date of the notice. This time frame will allow the FMCSA 
to issue a written decision before the prohibitions outlined in Sec.  
385.13 (a)(1) and (2) take effect. Failure to petition within this 15-
day period may prevent the FMCSA from issuing a final decision before 
such prohibitions take effect.
    (2) A motor carrier must make a request for an administrative review 
within 90 days of the date of the proposed safety rating issued under 
Sec.  385.11 (c) or a final safety rating issued under Sec.  385.11 (b), 
or within 90 days after denial of a request for a change in rating under 
Sec.  385.17(i).
    (d) The FMCSA may ask the motor carrier to submit additional data 
and attend a conference to discuss the safety rating. If the motor 
carrier does not provide the information requested, or does not attend 
the conference, the FMCSA may dismiss its request for review.
    (e) The FMCSA will notify the motor carrier in writing of its 
decision following the administrative review. The FMCSA will complete 
its review:
    (1) Within 30 days after receiving a request from a hazardous 
materials or passenger motor carrier that has received a proposed or 
final ``unsatisfactory'' safety rating.
    (2) Within 45 days after receiving a request from any other motor 
carrier that has received a proposed or final ``unsatisfactory'' safety 
rating.
    (f) The decision constitutes final agency action.
    (g) Any motor carrier may request a rating change under the 
provisions of Sec.  385.17.

[65 FR 50935, Aug. 22, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 55701, Oct. 1, 2007; 75 
FR 17241, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 FR 28450, 28454, May 14, 2012; 86 FR 57070, 
Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  385.17  Change to safety rating based upon corrective actions.

    (a) A motor carrier that has taken action to correct the 
deficiencies that resulted in a proposed or final rating of 
``conditional'' or ``unsatisfactory'' may request a rating change at any 
time.
    (b) A motor carrier must make this request in writing to the FMCSA 
Service Center for the geographic area where the carrier maintains its 
principal place of business. The addresses and geographical boundaries 
of the Service Centers are listed in Sec.  390.27 of this chapter.
    (c) The motor carrier must base its request upon evidence that it 
has taken corrective actions and that its operations currently meet the 
safety standard and factors specified in Sec. Sec.  385.5 and 385.7. The 
request must include a written description of corrective actions taken, 
and other documentation the carrier wishes the FMCSA to consider.
    (d) The FMCSA will make a final determination on the request for 
change based upon the documentation the motor carrier submits, and any 
additional relevant information.
    (e) The FMCSA will perform reviews of requests made by motor 
carriers with a proposed or final ``unsatisfactory'' safety rating in 
the following time periods after the motor carrier's request:
    (1) Within 30 days for motor carriers transporting passengers in 
CMVs or placardable quantities of hazardous materials.
    (2) Within 45 days for all other motor carriers.
    (f) The filing of a request for change to a proposed or final safety 
rating under this section does not stay the 45-day period specified in 
Sec.  385.13(a)(1) for motor carriers transporting passengers or 
hazardous materials in quantities requiring placarding.
    (g) FMCSA may allow a motor carrier (except a motor carrier 
transporting passengers or a motor carrier transporting hazardous 
materials in quantities requiring placarding) with a proposed rating of 
``unsatisfactory'' to continue its motor carrier operations in commerce 
for up to 60 days beyond the 60 days specified in the proposed rating, 
if FMCSA determines that the

[[Page 305]]

motor carrier is making a good faith effort to improve its safety 
status. This additional period would begin on the 61st day after the 
date of the notice of proposed ``unsatisfactory'' rating.
    (h) If the FMCSA determines that the motor carrier has taken the 
corrective actions required and that its operations currently meet the 
safety standard and factors specified in Sec. Sec.  385.5 and 385.7, the 
agency will notify the motor carrier in writing of its upgraded safety 
rating.
    (i) If the FMCSA determines that the motor carrier has not taken all 
the corrective actions required, or that its operations still fail to 
meet the safety standard and factors specified in Sec. Sec.  385.5 and 
385.7, the agency will notify the motor carrier in writing.
    (j) Any motor carrier whose request for change is denied in 
accordance with paragraph (i) of this section may request administrative 
review under the procedures of Sec.  385.15. The motor carrier must make 
the request within 90 days of the denial of the request for a rating 
change. If the proposed rating has become final, it shall remain in 
effect during the period of any administrative review.

[65 FR 50935, Aug. 22, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 36788, July 5, 2007; 75 
FR 17241, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 FR 28450, May 14, 2012; 77 FR 64762, Oct. 23, 
2012]



Sec.  385.19  Safety fitness information.

    (a) Final ratings will be made available to other Federal and State 
agencies in writing, telephonically or by remote computer access.
    (b) The final safety rating assigned to a motor carrier will be made 
available to the public upon request. Any person requesting the assigned 
rating of a motor carrier shall provide the FMCSA with the motor 
carrier's name, principal office address, and, if known, the USDOT 
number or the docket number, if any.
    (c) Requests should be addressed to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS), 
1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, Washington, DC 20590-0001. The information also 
can be found on the FMCSA Safety and Fitness Electronic Records System 
website at https://safer.fmcsa.dot.gov.
    (d) Oral requests by telephone to (800) 832-5660 will be given an 
oral response.

[62 FR 60043, Nov. 6, 1997, as amended at 66 FR 49872, Oct. 1, 2001; 72 
FR 55701, Oct. 1, 2007; 75 FR 17241, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 FR 28450, May 14, 
2012; 77 FR 59826, Oct. 1, 2012; 84 FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  385.21  Separation of functions.

    (a) An Agency employee engaged in the performance of investigative, 
advocacy, or prosecutorial functions in a proceeding under Sec.  385.15, 
Sec.  385.113, Sec.  385.327, Sec.  385.423, Sec.  385.711, Sec.  
385.911(e), Sec.  385.913(e), Sec.  385.1009(d), or Sec.  385.1011(d) 
may not, in that case or a factually-related case, discuss or 
communicate the facts or issues involved with, or otherwise advise or 
assist, the Agency decisionmaker or personnel advising the Agency 
decisionmaker, except as counsel or a witness in a public proceeding, or 
if the same facts and information are provided to all the parties 
involved in the matter. The prohibition in this paragraph (a) also 
includes the staff of those covered by this section.
    (b) As used in this section, decisionmaker means the FMCSA official 
authorized to issue a final decision in the applicable proceeding listed 
in paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) Nothing in this part shall preclude Agency decisionmakers or 
anyone advising an Agency decision-maker from taking part in a 
determination to launch an investigation or issue a complaint, or 
similar preliminary decision.

[86 FR 35642, July 7, 2021]



    Subpart B_Safety Monitoring System for Mexico-Domiciled Carriers

    Source: 67 FR 12771, Mar. 19, 2002, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.101  Definitions

    Compliance review means a compliance review as defined in Sec.  
385.3 of this part.
    Provisional certificate of registration means the registration under 
Sec.  368.6 of this subchapter that the FMCSA grants to a Mexico-
domiciled motor carrier to provide interstate transportation of property 
within the United States solely within the municipalities

[[Page 306]]

along the United States-Mexico border and the commercial zones of such 
municipalities. It is provisional because it will be revoked if the 
registrant does not demonstrate that it is exercising basic safety 
management controls during the safety monitoring period established in 
this subpart.
    Provisional operating authority means the registration under Sec.  
365.507 of this subchapter that the FMCSA grants to a Mexico-domiciled 
motor carrier to provide interstate transportation within the United 
States beyond the municipalities along the United States-Mexico border 
and the commercial zones of such municipalities. It is provisional 
because it will be revoked if the registrant is not assigned a 
Satisfactory safety rating following a compliance review conducted 
during the safety monitoring period established in this subpart.
    Safety audit means an examination of a motor carrier's operations to 
provide educational and technical assistance on safety and the 
operational requirements of the FMCSRs and applicable HMRs and to gather 
critical safety data needed to make an assessment of the carrier's 
safety performance and basic safety management controls. Safety audits 
do not result in safety ratings.



Sec.  385.103  Safety monitoring system.

    (a) General. Each Mexico-domiciled carrier operating in the United 
States will be subject to an oversight program to monitor its compliance 
with applicable Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs), 
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSSs), and Hazardous Materials 
Regulations (HMRs).
    (b) Roadside monitoring. Each Mexico-domiciled carrier that receives 
provisional operating authority or a provisional Certificate of 
Registration will be subject to intensified monitoring through frequent 
roadside inspections.
    (c) CVSA decal. Each Mexico-domiciled carrier granted provisional 
operating authority under part 365 of this subchapter must have on every 
commercial motor vehicle it operates in the United States a current 
decal attesting to a satisfactory inspection by a Commercial Vehicle 
Safety Alliance (CVSA) inspector.
    (d) Safety audit. The FMCSA will conduct a safety audit on a Mexico-
domiciled carrier within 18 months after the FMCSA issues the carrier a 
provisional Certificate of Registration under part 368 of this 
subchapter.
    (e) Compliance review. The FMCSA will conduct a compliance review on 
a Mexico-domiciled carrier within 18 months after the FMCSA issues the 
carrier provisional operating authority under part 365 of this 
subchapter.



Sec.  385.105  Expedited action.

    (a) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier committing any of the following 
violations identified through roadside inspections, or by any other 
means, may be subjected to an expedited safety audit or compliance 
review, or may be required to submit a written response demonstrating 
corrective action:
    (1) Using drivers not possessing, or operating without, a valid 
Licencia Federal de Conductor. An invalid Licencia Federal de Conductor 
includes one that is falsified, revoked, expired, or missing a required 
endorsement.
    (2) Operating vehicles that have been placed out of service for 
violations of the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA) North 
American Standard Out-of-Service Criteria, without making the required 
repairs.
    (3) Involvement in, due to carrier act or omission, a hazardous 
materials incident within the United States involving:
    (i) A highway route controlled quantity of a Class 7 (radioactive) 
material as defined in Sec.  173.403 of this title;
    (ii) Any quantity of a Class 1, Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 explosive 
as defined in Sec.  173.50 of this title; or
    (iii) Any quantity of a poison inhalation hazard Zone A or B 
material as defined in Sec.  173.115, Sec.  173.132, or Sec.  173.133 of 
this title.
    (4) Involvement in, due to carrier act or omission, two or more 
hazardous material incidents occurring within the United States and 
involving any hazardous material not listed in paragraph (a)(3) of this 
section and defined in chapter I of this title.
    (5) Using a driver who tests positive for controlled substances or 
alcohol or

[[Page 307]]

who refuses to submit to required controlled substances or alcohol 
tests.
    (6) Operating within the United States a motor vehicle that is not 
insured as required by part 387 of this chapter.
    (7) Having a driver or vehicle out-of-service rate of 50 percent or 
more based upon at least three inspections occurring within a 
consecutive 90-day period.
    (b) Failure to respond to an agency demand for a written response 
demonstrating corrective action within 30 days will result in the 
suspension of the carrier's provisional operating authority or 
provisional Certificate of Registration until the required showing of 
corrective action is submitted to the FMCSA.
    (c) A satisfactory response to a written demand for corrective 
action does not excuse a carrier from the requirement that it undergo a 
safety audit or compliance review, as appropriate, during the 
provisional registration period.



Sec.  385.107  The safety audit.

    (a) The criteria used in a safety audit to determine whether a 
Mexico-domiciled carrier exercises the necessary basic safety management 
controls are specified in appendix A to this part.
    (b) If the FMCSA determines, based on the safety audit, that the 
Mexico-domiciled carrier has adequate basic safety management controls, 
the FMCSA will provide the carrier written notice of this finding as 
soon as practicable, but not later than 45 days after the completion of 
the safety audit. The carrier's Certificate of Registration will remain 
provisional and the carrier's on-highway performance will continue to be 
closely monitored for the remainder of the 18-month provisional 
registration period.
    (c) If the FMCSA determines, based on the safety audit, that the 
Mexico-domiciled carrier's basic safety management controls are 
inadequate, it will initiate a suspension and revocation proceeding in 
accordance with Sec.  385.111 of this subpart.
    (d) The safety audit is also used to assess the basic safety 
management controls of Mexico-domiciled applicants for provisional 
operating authority to operate beyond United States municipalities and 
commercial zones on the United States-Mexico border under Sec.  365.507 
of this subchapter.



Sec.  385.109  The compliance review.

    (a) The criteria used in a compliance review to determine whether a 
Mexico-domiciled carrier granted provisional operating authority under 
Sec.  365.507 of this subchapter exercises the necessary basic safety 
management controls are specified in Appendix B to this part.
    (b) Satisfactory rating. If the FMCSA assigns a Mexico-domiciled 
carrier a Satisfactory rating following a compliance review conducted 
under this subpart, the FMCSA will provide the carrier written notice as 
soon as practicable, but not later than 45 days after the completion of 
the compliance review. The carrier's operating authority will remain in 
provisional status and its on-highway performance will continue to be 
closely monitored for the remainder of the 18-month provisional 
registration period.
    (c) Conditional rating. If the FMCSA assigns a Mexico-domiciled 
carrier a Conditional rating following a compliance review conducted 
under this subpart, it will initiate a revocation proceeding in 
accordance with Sec.  385.111 of this subpart. The carrier's provisional 
operating authority will not be suspended prior to the conclusion of the 
revocation proceeding.
    (d) Unsatisfactory rating. If the FMCSA assigns a Mexico-domiciled 
carrier an Unsatisfactory rating following a compliance review conducted 
under this subpart, it will initiate a suspension and revocation 
proceeding in accordance with Sec.  385.111 of this subpart.



Sec.  385.111  Suspension and revocation of Mexico-domiciled carrier
registration.

    (a) If a carrier is assigned an ``Unsatisfactory'' safety rating 
following a compliance review conducted under this subpart, or a safety 
audit conducted under this subpart determines that a carrier does not 
exercise the basic safety management controls necessary to ensure safe 
operations, the FMCSA will provide the carrier written notice, as soon 
as practicable, that its registration will be suspended effective

[[Page 308]]

15 days from the service date of the notice unless the carrier 
demonstrates, within 10 days of the service date of the notice, that the 
compliance review or safety audit contains material error.
    (b) For purposes of this section, material error is a mistake or 
series of mistakes that resulted in an erroneous safety rating or an 
erroneous determination that the carrier does not exercise the necessary 
basic safety management controls.
    (c) If the carrier demonstrates that the compliance review or safety 
audit contained material error, its registration will not be suspended. 
If the carrier fails to show a material error in the safety audit, the 
FMCSA will issue an Order:
    (1) Suspending the carrier's provisional operating authority or 
provisional Certificate of Registration and requiring it to immediately 
cease all further operations in the United States; and
    (2) Notifying the carrier that its provisional operating authority 
or provisional Certificate of Registration will be revoked unless it 
presents evidence of necessary corrective action within 30 days from the 
service date of the Order.
    (d) If a carrier is assigned a ``Conditional'' rating following a 
compliance review conducted under this subpart, the provisions of 
subparagraphs (a) through (c) of this section will apply, except that 
its provisional registration will not be suspended under paragraph 
(c)(1) of this section.
    (e) If a carrier subject to this subpart fails to provide the 
necessary documents for a safety audit or compliance review upon 
reasonable request, or fails to submit evidence of the necessary 
corrective action as required by Sec.  385.105 of this subpart, the 
FMCSA will provide the carrier with written notice, as soon as 
practicable, that its registration will be suspended 15 days from the 
service date of the notice unless it provides all necessary documents or 
information. This suspension will remain in effect until the necessary 
documents or information are produced and:
    (1) A safety audit determines that the carrier exercises basic 
safety management controls necessary for safe operations;
    (2) The carrier is rated Satisfactory or Conditional after a 
compliance review; or
    (3) The FMCSA determines, following review of the carrier's response 
to a demand for corrective action under Sec.  385.105, that the carrier 
has taken the necessary corrective action.
    (f) If a carrier commits any of the violations specified in Sec.  
385.105(a) of this subpart after the removal of a suspension issued 
under this section, the suspension will be automatically reinstated. The 
FMCSA will issue an Order requiring the carrier to cease further 
operations in the United States and demonstrate, within 15 days from the 
service date of the Order, that it did not commit the alleged 
violation(s). If the carrier fails to demonstrate that it did not commit 
the violation(s), the FMCSA will issue an Order revoking its provisional 
operating authority or provisional Certificate of Registration.
    (g) If the FMCSA receives credible evidence that a carrier has 
operated in violation of a suspension order issued under this section, 
it will issue an Order requiring the carrier to show cause, within 10 
days of the service date of the Order, why its provisional operating 
authority or provisional Certificate of Registration should not be 
revoked. If the carrier fails to make the necessary showing, the FMCSA 
will revoke its registration.
    (h) If a Mexico-domiciled motor carrier operates a commercial motor 
vehicle in violation of a suspension or out-of-service order, it shall 
be subject to the penalty provisions in 49 U.S.C. 521(b) and the amount 
as stated in part 386, appendix B, of this chapter.
    (i) Notwithstanding any provision of this subpart, a carrier subject 
to this subpart is also subject to the suspension and revocation 
provisions of 49 U.S.C. 13905 for repeated violations of DOT regulations 
governing its motor carrier operations.

[53 FR 50968, Dec. 19, 1988, as amended at 80 FR 18155, Apr. 3, 2015]



Sec.  385.113  Administrative review.

    (a) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier may request the FMCSA to 
conduct an administrative review if it believes the FMCSA has committed 
an error in assigning a safety rating or suspending

[[Page 309]]

or revoking the carrier's provisional operating authority or provisional 
Certificate of Registration under this subpart.
    (b) The carrier must submit its request in writing, in English, to 
FMCSA, ATTN: Sec.  385.113 Request for Administrative Review, 1200 New 
Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (c) The carrier's request must explain the error it believes the 
FMCSA committed in assigning the safety rating or suspending or revoking 
the carrier's provisional operating authority or provisional Certificate 
of Registration and include any information or documents that support 
its argument.
    (d) The FMCSA will complete its administrative review no later than 
10 days after the carrier submits its request for review. FMCSA's 
decision will constitute the final agency action.

[67 FR 12771, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended at 72 FR 55701, Oct. 1, 2007; 86 
FR 57070, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  385.115  Reapplying for provisional registration.

    (a) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier whose provisional operating 
authority or provisional Certificate of Registration has been revoked 
may reapply under part 365 or 368 of this subchapter, as appropriate, no 
sooner than 30 days after the date of revocation.
    (b) The Mexico-domiciled motor carrier will be required to initiate 
the application process from the beginning. The carrier will be required 
to demonstrate how it has corrected the deficiencies that resulted in 
revocation of its registration and how it will ensure that it will have 
adequate basic safety management controls. It will also have to undergo 
a pre-authorization safety audit if it applies for provisional operating 
authority under part 365 of this subchapter.



Sec.  385.117  Duration of safety monitoring system.

    (a) Each Mexico-domiciled carrier subject to this subpart will 
remain in the safety monitoring system for at least 18 months from the 
date FMCSA issues its provisional Certificate of Registration or 
provisional operating authority, except as provided in paragraphs (c) 
and (d) of this section.
    (b) If, at the end of this 18-month period, the carrier's most 
recent safety audit or safety rating was Satisfactory and no additional 
enforcement or safety improvement actions are pending under this 
subpart, the Mexico-domiciled carrier's provisional operating authority 
or provisional Certificate of Registration will become permanent.
    (c) If, at the end of this 18-month period, the FMCSA has not been 
able to conduct a safety audit or compliance review, the carrier will 
remain in the safety monitoring system until a safety audit or 
compliance review is conducted. If the results of the safety audit or 
compliance review are satisfactory, the carrier's provisional operating 
authority or provisional Certificate of Registration will become 
permanent.
    (d) If, at the end of this 18-month period, the carrier's 
provisional operating authority or provisional Certificate of 
Registration is suspended under Sec.  385.111(a) of this subpart, the 
carrier will remain in the safety monitoring system until the FMCSA 
either:
    (1) Determines that the carrier has taken corrective action; or
    (2) Completes measures to revoke the carrier's provisional operating 
authority or provisional Certificate of Registration under Sec.  
385.111(c) of this subpart.



Sec.  385.119  Applicability of safety fitness and enforcement procedures.

    At all times during which a Mexico-domiciled motor carrier is 
subject to the safety monitoring system in this subpart, it is also 
subject to the general safety fitness procedures established in subpart 
A of this part and to compliance and enforcement procedures applicable 
to all carriers regulated by the FMCSA.



 Subpart C_Certification of Safety Auditors, Safety Investigators, and 
                            Safety Inspectors

    Source: 67 FR 12779, Mar. 19, 2002, unless otherwise noted.

[[Page 310]]



Sec.  385.201  Who is qualified to perform a safety audit or investigation,
including review, of a motor carrier or an intermodal equipment provider?

    (a) An FMCSA employee or contractor, or a State or local government 
employee or contractor funded through the Motor Carrier Safety 
Assistance Program, who was qualified to perform a safety audit or 
investigation, including review, before August 27, 2021, may perform a 
safety audit or investigation, including review, if the individual 
complies with Sec.  385.203(b).
    (b) An individual who was not qualified to perform a safety audit or 
investigation, including review, before August 27, 2021, may perform a 
safety audit or investigation, including review, after complying with 
the requirements of Sec.  385.203(a).

[86 FR 48044, Aug. 27, 2021]



Sec.  385.203  What are the requirements to obtain and maintain
certification to perform a safety audit or investigation, including
review?

    (a) On and after August 27, 2021, an individual who is not qualified 
under Sec.  385.201(a) may not perform a safety audit or investigation, 
including review, unless the individual has been certified by FMCSA or a 
State or local agency applying the FMCSA standards after successfully 
completing classroom training and examinations on the FMCSRs and HMRs as 
described in detail on the FMCSA website (www.fmcsa.dot.gov/
certification). These individuals must also comply with the maintenance 
of certification/qualification requirements of paragraph (b) of this 
section.
    (b) An individual may not perform a safety audit or investigation, 
including review, unless the individual meets the quality-control and 
periodic re-training requirements adopted by FMCSA to ensure the 
maintenance of high standards and familiarity with amendments to the 
FMCSRs and HMRs. These maintenance of certification/qualification 
requirements are described in detail on the FMCSA website 
(www.fmcsa.dot.gov/certification).
    (c) The requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section for 
training, performance, and maintenance of certification/qualification, 
which are described on the FMCSA website (www.fmcsa.dot.gov/
certification), are also available in hard copy from the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration, Office of Enforcement and Compliance, 
1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, Washington, DC 20590; Attention: Chief, 
Compliance Division at (202) 366-1812.

[86 FR 48044, Aug. 27, 2021]



Sec.  385.205  How can an individual who has lost certification to 
perform a safety audit or investigation, including review, be 
re-certified?

    The individual must successfully complete the requirements of Sec.  
385.203(a) and (b).

[86 FR 48044, Aug. 27, 2021]



Sec.  385.207  What are the requirements to obtain and maintain
certification to conduct driver or vehicle inspections?

    (a) An FMCSA employee or contractor, or a State or local government 
employee or contractor funded through the Motor Carrier Safety 
Assistance Program, who was qualified to conduct a driver or vehicle 
inspection before August 27, 2021 or meets requirements as specified in 
CVSA Operational Policy 4 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  385.4) 
may conduct a driver or vehicle inspection. The individual may conduct a 
driver or vehicle inspection only at a level for which the individual is 
certified.
    (b) An individual who qualifies to conduct driver or vehicle 
inspections under this section must meet the requirements for 
maintaining certification or obtaining recertification as specified in 
CVSA Operational Policy 4.

[86 FR 48044, Aug. 27, 2021]



             Subpart D_New Entrant Safety Assurance Program

    Source: 67 FR 31983, May 13, 2002, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.301  What is a motor carrier required to do before beginning
interstate operations?

    (a) Before a motor carrier of property or passengers begins 
interstate operations, it must register with FMCSA

[[Page 311]]

and receive a USDOT Number. In addition, for-hire motor carriers must 
obtain operating authority from FMCSA, unless exclusively providing 
transportation exempt from the commercial registration requirements in 
49 U.S.C. chapter 139. Both the USDOT Number and operating authority are 
obtained by following registration procedures described in 49 CFR part 
390, subpart E. Part 365 of this chapter provides detailed instructions 
for obtaining operating authority.
    (b) This subpart applies to motor carriers domiciled in the United 
States and Canada.
    (c) The regulations in this subpart do not apply to a Mexico-
domiciled motor carrier. A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier of property or 
passengers must register with FMCSA by following the registration 
procedures described in 49 CFR parts 365, 368 and 390. Parts 365 (for 
long-haul carriers) and 368 (for commercial zone carriers) of this 
chapter provide detailed information about how a Mexico-domiciled motor 
carrier may obtain operating authority.

[80 FR 63707, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.301 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.301T  What is a motor carrier required to do before beginning
interstate operations?

    (a) Before a motor carrier of property or passengers begins 
interstate operations, it must register with the FMCSA and receive a 
USDOT number. In addition, for-hire motor carriers must obtain operating 
authority from FMCSA following the registration procedures described in 
49 CFR part 365, unless providing transportation exempt from 49 CFR part 
365 registration requirements.
    (b) This subpart applies to motor carriers domiciled in the United 
States and Canada.
    (c) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier of property or passengers must 
register with the FMCSA by following the registration procedures 
described in 49 CFR part 365 or 368, as appropriate. The regulations in 
this subpart do not apply to Mexico-domiciled carriers.

[82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.302  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.302 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.303  How does a motor carrier register with the FMCSA?

    A motor carrier registers with FMCSA by completing Form MCSA-1, the 
URS online application which is available at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/
urs. Complete instructions for the Form MCSA-1 also are available at the 
same location.

[80 FR 63707, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.303 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.303T  How does a motor carrier register with the FMCSA?

    A motor carrier may contact the FMCSA by internet 
(www.fmcsa.dot.gov); or Washington, DC headquarters by mail at, Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., 
Washington, DC 20590-0001; fax 202-366-3477; or telephone 1-800-832-
5660, and request the application materials for a new entrant motor 
carrier. Forms can also be downloaded from https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/
registration/registration-forms. A motor carrier which does not already 
have a USDOT number must apply online via the Unified Registration 
System (URS) at www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.

[82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.304  [Reserved]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.304 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.305  What happens after the FMCSA receives a request for new
entrant registration?

    (a) The applicant for new entrant registration will be directed to 
the FMCSA Internet Web site (http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov) to secure and/or 
complete the application package online.
    (b) The application package will include the following:

[[Page 312]]

    (1) Educational and technical assistance material regarding the 
requirements of the FMCSRs and HMRs, if applicable.
    (2) Form MCSA-1--FMCSA Registration/Update (USDOT Number--Operating 
Authority Application). This form is used to obtain both a USDOT Number 
and operating authority.
    (c) Upon completion of the application form, the new entrant will be 
issued an inactive USDOT Number. An applicant may not begin operations 
nor mark a commercial motor vehicle with the USDOT Number until after 
the date of the Agency's written notice that the USDOT Number has been 
activated. Violations of this section may be subject to the penalties 
under Sec.  392.9b(b) of this chapter.
    (d) Additional requirements for certain for-hire motor carriers. 
For-hire motor carriers, unless providing transportation exempt from the 
commercial registration requirements in 49 U.S.C. chapter 139, must 
obtain operating authority as prescribed under Sec.  390.201(b) and part 
365 of this chapter before operating in interstate commerce.

[67 FR 31983, May 13, 2002, as amended by 80 FR 63707, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.305 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.305T  What happens after the FMCSA receives a request for new
entrant registration?

    (a) The requester for new entrant registration will be directed to 
the FMCSA Internet Web site (www.fmcsa.dot.gov) to secure and/or 
complete the application package online.
    (b) The application package will contain the following:
    (1) Educational and technical assistance material regarding the 
requirements of the FMCSRs and HMRs, if applicable.
    (2) The Form MCS-150, The Motor Carrier Identification Report.
    (3) Application forms to obtain operating authority under 49 CFR 
part 365, as appropriate.
    (c) Upon completion of the application forms, the new entrant will 
be issued a USDOT number.
    (d) For-hire motor carriers, unless providing transportation exempt 
from 49 CFR part 365 registration requirements, must also comply with 
the procedures established in 49 CFR part 365 to obtain operating 
authority before operating in interstate commerce.

[82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.306  What are the consequences of furnishing misleading 
information or making a false statement in connection with the registration
process?

    A carrier that furnishes false or misleading information, or 
conceals material information in connection with the registration 
process, is subject to the following actions:
    (a) Revocation of registration.
    (b) Assessment of the civil and/or criminal penalties prescribed in 
49 U.S.C. 521 and 49 U.S.C. chapter 149.

[73 FR 76488, Dec. 16, 2008]



Sec.  385.307  What happens after a motor carrier begins operations
as a new entrant?

    After a new entrant satisfies all applicable pre-operational 
requirements, it will be subject to the new entrant safety monitoring 
procedures for a period of 18 months. During this 18-month period:
    (a) The new entrant's roadside safety performance will be closely 
monitored to ensure the new entrant has basic safety management controls 
that are operating effectively.
    (b) A safety audit will be conducted on the new entrant, once it has 
been in operation for enough time to have sufficient records to allow 
the agency to evaluate the adequacy of its basic safety management 
controls. This period will generally be at least 3 months.
    (c) All records and documents required for the safety audit shall be 
made available for inspection upon request by an individual certified 
under FMCSA regulations to perform safety audits.

[67 FR 31983, May 13, 2002, as amended at 73 FR 76488, Dec. 16, 2008]

[[Page 313]]



Sec.  385.308  What may cause an expedited action?

    (a) A new entrant that commits any of the following actions, 
identified through roadside inspections or by any other means, may be 
subjected to an expedited safety audit or a compliance review or may be 
required to submit a written response demonstrating corrective action:
    (1) Using a driver not possessing a valid commercial driver's 
license to operate a commercial motor vehicle as defined under Sec.  
383.5 of this chapter. An invalid commercial driver's license includes 
one that is falsified, revoked, expired, or missing a required 
endorsement.
    (2) Operating a vehicle placed out of service for violations of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations or compatible State laws and 
regulations without taking necessary corrective action.
    (3) Being involved in, through action or omission, a hazardous 
materials reportable incident, as described under 49 CFR 171.15 or 
171.16, involving--
    (i) A highway route controlled quantity of certain radioactive 
materials (Class 7).
    (ii) Any quantity of certain explosives (Class 1, Division 1.1, 1.2, 
or 1.3).
    (iii) Any quantity of certain poison inhalation hazard materials 
(Zone A or B).
    (4) Being involved in, through action or omission, two or more 
hazardous materials reportable incidents as described under 49 CFR 
171.15 or 171.16, involving hazardous materials other than those listed 
above.
    (5) Using a driver who tests positive for controlled substances or 
alcohol or who refuses to submit to required controlled substances or 
alcohol tests.
    (6) Operating a commercial motor vehicle without the levels of 
financial responsibility required under part 387 of this subchapter.
    (7) Having a driver or vehicle out-of-service rate of 50 percent or 
more based upon at least three inspections occurring within a 
consecutive 90-day period.
    (b) If a new entrant that commits any of the actions listed in 
paragraph (a) of this section:
    (1) Has not had a safety audit or compliance review, FMCSA will 
schedule the new entrant for a safety audit as soon as practicable.
    (2) Has had a safety audit or compliance review, FMCSA will send the 
new entrant a notice advising it to submit evidence of corrective action 
within 30 days of the service date of the notice.
    (c) FMCSA may schedule a compliance review of a new entrant that 
commits any of the actions listed in paragraph (a) of this section at 
any time if it determines the violation warrants a thorough review of 
the new entrant's operation.
    (d) Failure to respond within 30 days of the notice to an Agency 
demand for a written response demonstrating corrective action will 
result in the revocation of the new entrant's registration.

[73 FR 76488, Dec. 16, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 59457, Oct. 2, 2015]



Sec.  385.309  What is the purpose of the safety audit?

    The purpose of a safety audit is to:
    (a) Provide educational and technical assistance to the new entrant; 
and
    (b) Gather safety data needed to make an assessment of the new 
entrant's safety performance and adequacy of its basic safety management 
controls.



Sec.  385.311  What will the safety audit consist of?

    The safety audit will consist of a review of the new entrant's 
safety management systems and a sample of required records to assess 
compliance with the FMCSRs, applicable HMRs and related record-keeping 
requirements as specified in appendix A of this part. The areas for 
review include, but are not limited to, the following:
    (a) Driver qualification;
    (b) Driver duty status;
    (c) Vehicle maintenance;
    (d) Accident register; and
    (e) Controlled substances and alcohol use and testing requirements.



Sec.  385.313  Who will conduct the safety audit?

    An individual certified under the FMCSA regulations to perform 
safety audits will conduct the safety audit.

[[Page 314]]



Sec.  385.315  Where will the safety audit be conducted?

    The safety audit will generally be conducted at the new entrant's 
business premises.



Sec.  385.317  Will a safety audit result in a safety fitness determination
by the FMCSA?

    A safety audit will not result in a safety fitness determination. 
Safety fitness determinations follow completion of a compliance review.



Sec.  385.319  What happens after completion of the safety audit?

    (a) Upon completion of the safety audit, the auditor will review the 
findings with the new entrant.
    (b) Pass. If FMCSA determines the safety audit discloses the new 
entrant has adequate basic safety management controls, the Agency will 
provide the new entrant written notice as soon as practicable, but not 
later than 45 days after completion of the safety audit, that it has 
adequate basic safety management controls. The new entrant's safety 
performance will continue to be closely monitored for the remainder of 
the 18-month period of new entrant registration.
    (c) Fail. If FMCSA determines the safety audit discloses the new 
entrant's basic safety management controls are inadequate, the Agency 
will provide the new entrant written notice, as soon as practicable, but 
not later than 45 days after the completion of the safety audit, that 
its USDOT new entrant registration will be revoked and its operations 
placed out-of-service unless it takes the actions specified in the 
notice to remedy its safety management practices.
    (1) 60-day corrective action requirement. All new entrants, except 
those specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, must take the 
specified actions to remedy inadequate safety management practices 
within 60 days of the date of the notice.
    (2) 45-day corrective action requirement. The new entrants listed 
below must take the specified actions to remedy inadequate safety 
management practices within 45 days of the date of the notice:
    (i) A new entrant that transports passengers in a CMV designed or 
used to transport between 9 and 15 passengers (including the driver) for 
direct compensation.
    (ii) A new entrant that transports passengers in a CMV designed or 
used to transport more than 15 passengers (including the driver).
    (iii) A new entrant that transports hazardous materials in a CMV as 
defined in paragraph (4) of the definition of a ``Commercial Motor 
Vehicle'' in Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter.

[73 FR 76489, Dec. 16, 2008]



Sec.  385.321  What failures of safety management practices disclosed
by the safety audit will result in a notice to a new entrant that its
USDOT new entrant registration will be revoked?

    (a) General. The failures of safety management practices consist of 
a lack of basic safety management controls as described in Appendix A of 
this part or failure to comply with one or more of the regulations set 
forth in paragraph (b) of this section and will result in a notice to a 
new entrant that its USDOT new entrant registration will be revoked.
    (b) Automatic failure of the audit. A new entrant will automatically 
fail a safety audit if found in violation of any one of the following 16 
regulations:

    Table to Sec.   385.321--Violations That Will Result in Automatic
                 Failure of the New Entrant Safety Audit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Guidelines for determining
                 Violation                    automatic failure of the
                                                    safety audit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Sec.   382.115(a)/Sec.   382.115(b)--    Single occurrence.
 Failing to implement an alcohol and/or
 controlled substances testing program
 (domestic and foreign motor carriers,
 respectively).
2. Sec.   382.201--Using a driver known to  Single occurrence.
 have an alcohol content of 0.04 or
 greater to perform a safety-sensitive
 function.
3. Sec.   382.211--Using a driver who has   Single occurrence.
 refused to submit to an alcohol or
 controlled substances test required under
 part 382.

[[Page 315]]

 
4. Sec.   382.215--Using a driver known to  Single occurrence.
 have tested positive for a controlled
 substance.
5. Sec.   382.305--Failing to implement a   Single occurrence.
 random controlled substances and/or
 alcohol testing program.
6. Sec.   383.3(a)/Sec.   383.23(a)--       Single occurrence.
 Knowingly using a driver who does not
 possess a valid CDL.
7. Sec.   383.37(b)-Knowingly allowing,     Single occurrence.
 requiring, permitting, or authorizing an
 employee to operate a commercial motor
 vehicle with a commercial learner's
 permit or commercial driver's license
 which is disqualified by a State, has
 lost the right to operate a CMV in a
 State or who is disqualified to operate a
 commercial motor vehicle.
8. Sec.   383.51(a)--Knowingly allowing,    Single occurrence. This
 requiring, permitting, or authorizing a     violation refers to a
 driver to drive who is disqualified to      driver operating a CMV as
 drive a commercial motor vehicle.           defined under Sec.   383.5.
9. Sec.   387.7(a)--Operating a motor       Single occurrence.
 vehicle without having in effect the
 required minimum levels of financial
 responsibility coverage.
10. Sec.   387.31(a)--Operating a           Single occurrence.
 passenger carrying vehicle without having
 in effect the required minimum levels of
 financial responsibility.
11. Sec.   391.15(a)--Knowingly using a     Single occurrence.
 disqualified driver.
12. Sec.   391.11(b)(4)--Knowingly using a  Single occurrence. This
 physically unqualified driver.              violation refers to a
                                             driver operating a CMV as
                                             defined under Sec.   390.5.
13. Sec.   395.8(a)--Failing to require a   Requires a violation
 driver to make a record of duty status.     threshold (51% or more of
                                             examined records) to
                                             trigger automatic failure.
14. Sec.   396.9(c)(2)--Requiring or        Single occurrence.
 permitting the operation of a commercial
 motor vehicle declared ``out-of-service''
 before repairs are made.
15. Sec.   396.11(a)(3)--Failing to         Single occurrence.
 correct out-of-service defects listed by
 driver in a driver vehicle inspection
 report before the vehicle is operated.
16. Sec.   396.17(a)--Using a commercial    Requires a violation
 motor vehicle not periodically inspected.   threshold (51% or more of
                                             examined records) to
                                             trigger automatic failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[73 FR 76489, Dec. 16, 2008, as amended at 77 FR 26989, May 8, 2012; 80 
FR 59073, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  385.323  May FMCSA extend the period under Sec.  385.319(c) for a
new entrant to take corrective action to remedy its safety management
practices?

    (a) FMCSA may extend the 60-day period in Sec.  385.319(c)(1) for up 
to an additional 60 days provided FMCSA determines the new entrant is 
making a good faith effort to remedy its safety management practices.
    (b) FMCSA may extend the 45-day period in Sec.  385.319(c)(2) for up 
to an additional 10 days if the new entrant has submitted evidence that 
corrective actions have been taken pursuant to Sec.  385.319(c) and the 
Agency needs additional time to determine the adequacy of the corrective 
action.

[73 FR 76490, Dec. 16, 2008]



Sec.  385.325  What happens after a new entrant has been notified under
Sec.  385.319(c) to take corrective action to remedy its safety management
practices?

    (a) If the new entrant provides evidence of corrective action 
acceptable to the FMCSA within the time period provided in Sec.  
385.319(c), including any extension of that period authorized under 
Sec.  385.323, the FMCSA will provide written notification to the new 
entrant that its DOT new entrant registration will not be revoked and it 
may continue operations.
    (b) If a new entrant, after being notified that it is required to 
take corrective action to improve its safety management practices, fails 
to submit a written response demonstrating corrective action acceptable 
to FMCSA within the time specified in Sec.  385.319, and any extension 
of that period authorized under Sec.  385.323, FMCSA will revoke its new 
entrant registration and issue an out-of-service order effective on:
    (1) Day 61 from the notice date for new entrants subject to Sec.  
385.319(c)(1).

[[Page 316]]

    (2) Day 46 from the notice date for new entrants subject to Sec.  
385.319(c)(2).
    (3) If an extension has been granted under Sec.  385.323, the day 
following the expiration of the extension date.
    (c) The new entrant may not operate in interstate commerce on or 
after the effective date of the out-of-service order.

[67 FR 31983, May 13, 2002, as amended at 73 FR 76490, Dec. 16, 2008]



Sec.  385.327  May a new entrant request an administrative review of a 
determination of a failed safety audit?

    (a) If a new entrant receives a notice under Sec.  385.319(c) that 
its new entrant registration will be revoked, it may request FMCSA to 
conduct an administrative review if it believes FMCSA has committed an 
error in determining that its basic safety management controls are 
inadequate. The request must:
    (1) Be made to the Field Administrator of the appropriate FMCSA 
Service Center.
    (2) Explain the error the new entrant believes FMCSA committed in 
its determination.
    (3) Include a list of all factual and procedural issues in dispute 
and any information or documents that support the new entrant's 
argument.
    (b) FMCSA may request that the new entrant submit additional data 
and attend a conference to discuss the issues(s) in dispute. If the new 
entrant does not attend the conference or does not submit the requested 
data, FMCSA may dismiss the new entrant's request for review.
    (c) A new entrant must submit a request for an administrative review 
within one of the following time periods:
    (1) If it does not submit evidence of corrective action under Sec.  
385.319(c), within 90 days after the date it is notified that its basic 
safety management controls are inadequate.
    (2) If it submits evidence of corrective action under Sec.  
385.319(c), within 90 days after the date it is notified that its 
corrective action is insufficient and its basic safety management 
controls remain inadequate.
    (d) If a new entrant wants to assure that FMCSA will be able to 
issue a final written decision before the prohibitions outlined in Sec.  
385.325(c) take effect, the new entrant must submit its request no later 
than 15 days from the date of the notice that its basic safety 
management controls are inadequate. Failure to submit the request within 
this 15-day period may result in revocation of new entrant registration 
and issuance of an out-of-service order before completion of 
administrative review.
    (e) FMCSA will complete its review and notify the new entrant in 
writing of its decision within:
    (1) 45 days after receiving a request for review from a new entrant 
that is subject to Sec.  385.319(c)(1).
    (2) 30 days after receiving a request for review from a new entrant 
that is subject to Sec.  385.319(c)(2).
    (f) The Field Administrator's decision constitutes the final Agency 
action.
    (g) Notwithstanding this subpart, a new entrant is subject to the 
suspension and revocation provisions of 49 U.S.C. 13905 for violations 
of DOT regulations governing motor carrier operations.

[73 FR 76490, Dec. 16, 2008]



Sec.  385.329  May a new entrant that has had its USDOT new entrant
registration revoked and its operations placed out of service reapply?

    (a) A new entrant whose USDOT new entrant registration has been 
revoked, and whose operations have been placed out of service by FMCSA, 
may reapply for new entrant registration no sooner than 30 days after 
the date of revocation.
    (b) If the USDOT new entrant registration was revoked because of a 
failed safety audit, the new entrant must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated Form MCSA-1, the URS online application.
    (2) Submit evidence that it has corrected the deficiencies that 
resulted in revocation of its registration and will otherwise ensure 
that it will have basic safety management controls in effect.
    (3) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (c) If the USDOT new entrant registration was revoked because FMCSA 
found that the new entrant had failed

[[Page 317]]

to submit to a safety audit, it must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated Form MCSA-1, the URS online application.
    (2) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (3) Submit to a safety audit.
    (d) If the new entrant is a for-hire motor carrier subject to the 
registration provisions of 49 U.S.C. chapter 139 and also has had its 
operating authority revoked, it must re-apply for operating authority as 
set forth in Sec.  390.201(b) and part 365 of this chapter.

[73 FR 76490, Dec. 16, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 63707, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.329 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.329T  May a new entrant that has had its USDOT new entrant
registration revoked and its operations placed out of service reapply?

    (a) A new entrant whose USDOT new entrant registration has been 
revoked, and whose operations have been placed out of service by FMCSA, 
may reapply for new entrant registration no sooner than 30 days after 
the date of revocation.
    (b) If the USDOT new entrant registration was revoked because of a 
failed safety audit, the new entrant must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated MCS-150.
    (2) Submit evidence that it has corrected the deficiencies that 
resulted in revocation of its registration and will otherwise ensure 
that it will have basic safety management controls in effect.
    (3) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (c) If the USDOT new entrant registration was revoked because FMCSA 
found that the new entrant had failed to submit to a safety audit, it 
must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated MCS-150.
    (2) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (3) Submit to a safety audit.
    (d) If the new entrant is a for-hire carrier subject to the 
registration provisions under 49 U.S.C. 13901 and also has had its 
operating authority revoked, it must re-apply for operating authority as 
set forth in part 365 of this chapter.

[82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.331  What happens if a new entrant operates a CMV after having
been issued an order placing its interstate operations out of service?

    A new entrant that operates a CMV in violation of an out-of-service 
order is subject to the penalty provisions in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(A) for 
each offense as adjusted for inflation by 49 CFR part 386, appendix B.

[73 FR 76491, Dec. 16, 2008]



Sec.  385.333  What happens at the end of the 18-month safety monitoring
period?

    (a) If a safety audit has been performed within the 18-month period, 
and the new entrant is not currently subject to an order placing its 
operations out-of-service under Sec.  385.325(b) or under a notice 
ordering it to take specified actions to remedy its safety management 
controls under Sec.  385.319(c), the FMCSA will remove the new entrant 
designation and notify the new entrant in writing that its registration 
has become permanent. Thereafter, the FMCSA will evaluate the motor 
carrier on the same basis as any other carrier.
    (b) If a new entrant is determined to be ``unfit'' after a 
compliance review its new entrant registration will be revoked. (See 
Sec.  385.13)
    (c) A new entrant that has reached the conclusion of the 18-month 
period but is under an order to correct its safety management practices 
under Sec.  385.319(c) will have its new entrant registration removed 
following FMCSA's determination that the specified actions have been 
taken to remedy its safety management practices. The motor carrier will 
be notified in writing that its new entrant designation is removed and 
that its registration has become permanent. Thereafter, the FMCSA will 
evaluate the motor carrier on the same basis as any other carrier.
    (d) If a safety audit or compliance review has not been performed by 
the end of the 18-month monitoring period through no fault of the motor 
carrier, the carrier will be permitted to continue operating as a new 
entrant until

[[Page 318]]

a safety audit or compliance review is performed and a final 
determination is made regarding the adequacy of its safety management 
controls. Based on the results of the safety audit or compliance review, 
the FMCSA will either:
    (1) Remove the new entrant designation and notify the new entrant in 
writing that its registration has become permanent; or
    (2) Revoke the new entrant registration in accordance with Sec.  
385.319(c).



Sec.  385.335  If the FMCSA conducts a compliance review on a new entrant,
will the new entrant also be subject to a safety audit?

    If the FMCSA conducts a compliance review on a new entrant that has 
not previously been subject to a safety audit and issues a safety 
fitness determination, the new entrant will not have to undergo a safety 
audit under this subpart. However, the new entrant will continue to be 
subject to the 18-month safety-monitoring period prior to removal of the 
new entrant designation.



Sec.  385.337  What happens if a new entrant refuses to permit a safety
audit to be performed on its operations?

    (a) If a new entrant refuses to permit a safety audit to be 
performed on its operations, FMCSA will provide the carrier with written 
notice that its registration will be revoked and its operations placed 
out of service unless the new entrant agrees in writing, within 10 days 
from the service date of the notice, to permit the safety audit to be 
performed. The refusal to permit a safety audit to be performed may 
subject the new entrant to the penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. 
521(b)(2)(A), as adjusted for inflation by 49 CFR part 386, appendix B.
    (b) If the new entrant does not agree to undergo a safety audit as 
specified in paragraph (a) of this section, its registration will be 
revoked and its interstate operations placed out of service effective on 
the 11th day from the service date of the notice issued under paragraph 
(a) of this section.

[67 FR 31983, May 13, 2002, as amended at 73 FR 76491, Dec. 16, 2008]



              Subpart E_Hazardous Materials Safety Permits

    Source: 69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.401  What is the purpose and scope of this subpart?

    (a) This subpart contains the requirements for obtaining and 
maintaining a safety permit to transport certain hazardous materials. No 
one may transport the materials listed in Sec.  385.403 without a safety 
permit required by this subpart.
    (b) This subpart includes:
    (1) Definitions of terms used in this subpart;
    (2) The list of hazardous materials that require a safety permit if 
transported in commerce;
    (3) The requirements and procedures a carrier must follow in order 
to be issued a safety permit and maintain a safety permit;
    (4) The procedures for a motor carrier to follow to initiate an 
administrative review of a denial, suspension, or revocation of a safety 
permit.



Sec.  385.402  What definitions are used in this subpart?

    (a) The definitions in parts 390 and 385 of this chapter apply to 
this subpart, except where otherwise specifically noted.
    (b) As used in this part,
    Hazardous material has the same meaning as under Sec.  171.8 of this 
title: A substance or material that the Secretary of Transportation has 
determined is capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, 
and property when transported in commerce, and has designated as 
hazardous under Sec. 5103 of Federal hazardous materials transportation 
law (49 U.S.C. 5103). The term includes hazardous substances, hazardous 
wastes, marine pollutants, elevated temperature materials, materials 
designated as hazardous in the Hazardous Materials Table (see Sec.  
172.101 of this title), and materials that meet the defining criteria 
for hazard classes and divisions in part 173 of this title.

[[Page 319]]

    Hazmat employee has the same meaning as under Sec.  171.8 of this 
title: A person who is employed by a hazmat employer as defined under 
Sec.  171.8 of this title, and who in the course of employment directly 
affects hazardous materials transportation safety. This term includes an 
owner-operator of a motor vehicle that transports hazardous materials in 
commerce. This term includes an individual who, during the course of 
employment:
    (1) Loads, unloads, or handles hazardous materials;
    (2) Manufactures, tests, reconditions, repairs, modifies, marks, or 
otherwise represents containers, drums, or packaging as qualified for 
use in the transportation of hazardous materials;
    (3) Prepares hazardous materials for transportation;
    (4) Is responsible for the safe transportation of hazardous 
materials; or
    (5) Operates a vehicle used to transport hazardous materials.
    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) means a Division 2.1 liquefied natural 
gas material that is transported in a liquid state with a methane 
content of 85 percent or more.
    Safety permit means a document issued by FMCSA that contains a 
permit number and confers authority to transport in commerce the 
hazardous materials listed in Sec.  385.403.
    Shipment means the offering or loading of hazardous materials at one 
loading facility using one transport vehicle, or the transport of that 
transport vehicle.



Sec.  385.403  Who must hold a safety permit?

    A motor carrier may not transport in interstate or intrastate 
commerce any of the following hazardous materials, in the quantity 
indicated for each, unless the motor carrier holds a safety permit:
    (a) A highway route-controlled quantity of a Class 7 (radioactive) 
material, as defined in Sec.  173.403 of this title;
    (b) More than 25 kg (55 pounds) net weight of a Division 1.1, 1.2, 
or 1.3 (explosive) material or articles or an amount of a Division 1.5 
(explosive) material requiring placarding under part 172 of this title;
    (c) More than one liter (1.08 quarts) per package of a ``material 
poisonous by inhalation,'' as defined in Sec.  171.8 of this title, that 
meets the criteria for ``hazard zone A,'' as specified in Sec.  
173.116(a) or Sec.  173.133(a) of this title;
    (d) A ``material poisonous by inhalation,'' in a ``bulk packaging,'' 
both as defined in Sec.  171.8 of this title, that meets the criteria 
for ``hazard zone B,'' as specified in Sec.  173.116(a) or Sec.  
173.133(a);
    (e) A ``material poisonous by inhalation,'' as defined in Sec.  
171.8 of this title, that meets the criteria for ``hazard zone C,'' or 
``hazard zone D,'' as specified in Sec.  173.116(a) of this title, in a 
packaging having a capacity equal to or greater than 13,248 L (3,500) 
gallons; or
    (f) A shipment of methane (compressed or refrigerated liquid), 
natural gas (compressed or refrigerated liquid), or any other compressed 
or refrigerated liquefied gas with a methane content of at least 85 
percent, in bulk packaging having a capacity equal to or greater than 
13,248 L (3,500 gallons).

[69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004, as amended at 77 FR 59826, Oct. 1, 2012; 80 
FR 59073, Oct. 1, 2015; 84 FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  385.405  How does a motor carrier apply for a safety permit?

    (a) Application form. (1) To apply for a new safety permit or 
renewal of the safety permit, a motor carrier must complete and submit 
Form MCSA-1, the URS online application and meet the requirements under 
49 CFR part 390, subpart E.
    (2) Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, will also satisfy the 
requirements for obtaining and renewing a USDOT Number.
    (b) How to apply. Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, is 
accessible, including complete instructions, at http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.
    (c) Signature and certification. An official of the motor carrier 
must sign and certify that the information is correct on each form the 
motor carrier submits.
    (d) Updating information. A motor carrier holding a safety permit 
must report to FMCSA any change in the information on its Form MCSA-1 
within 30 days of the change. The motor carrier must use Form MCSA-1, 
the URS

[[Page 320]]

online application, to report the new information.

[80 FR 63707, Oct. 21, 2015, as amended at 84 FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.405 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 84 FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  385.405. In that 
same document, Sec.  385.405 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  385.405T  How does a motor carrier apply for a safety permit?

    (a) Application form(s). (1) To apply for a new safety permit or 
renewal of the safety permit, a motor carrier must complete and submit 
Form MCS-150B, Combined Motor Carrier Identification Report and HM 
Permit Application.
    (2) The Form MCS-150B will also satisfy the requirements for 
obtaining and renewing a USDOT Number; there is no need to complete Form 
MCS-150, Motor Carrier Identification Report.
    (b) Where to get forms and instructions. The forms listed in 
paragraph (a) of this section, and instructions for completing the 
forms, may be obtained on the internet at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov, or 
by contacting FMCSA at Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Registration and Safety Information (MC-RS), 1200 New Jersey 
Ave. SE, Washington, DC 20590-0001 or by telephone at 1-800-832-5660.
    (c) Registration with the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration (PHMSA). The motor carrier must be registered with PHMSA 
in accordance with part 107, subpart G, of this title.
    (d) Updating information on Form MCS-150B. A motor carrier holding a 
safety permit must report to FMCSA any change in the information on its 
Form MCS-150B within 30 days of the change. The motor carrier must use 
Form MCS-150B to report the new information (contact information in 
paragraph (b) of this section).

[82 FR 5304, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 84 FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  385.407  What conditions must a motor carrier satisfy for FMCSA
to issue a safety permit?

    (a) Motor carrier safety performance. (1) The motor carrier must 
have a ``Satisfactory'' safety rating assigned by either FMCSA, pursuant 
to the Safety Fitness Procedures of this part, or the State in which the 
motor carrier has its principal place of business, if the State has 
adopted and implemented safety fitness procedures that are equivalent to 
the procedures in subpart A of this part; and
    (2) FMCSA will not issue a safety permit to a motor carrier that:
    (i) Does not certify that it has a satisfactory security program as 
required in Sec.  385.407(b);
    (ii) Has a crash rate in the top 30 percent of the national average 
as indicated in the FMCSA Motor Carrier Management Information System 
(MCMIS); or
    (iii) Has a driver, vehicle, hazardous materials, or total out-of-
service rate in the top 30 percent of the national average as indicated 
in the MCMIS.
    (b) Satisfactory security program. The motor carrier must certify 
that it has a satisfactory security program, including:
    (1) A security plan meeting the requirements of part 172, subpart I 
of this title, and addressing how the carrier will ensure the security 
of the written route plan required by this part;
    (2) A communications plan that allows for contact between the 
commercial motor vehicle operator and the motor carrier to meet the 
periodic contact requirements in Sec.  385.415(c)(1); and
    (3) Successful completion by all hazmat employees of the security 
training required in Sec.  172.704(a)(4) and (a)(5) of this title.
    (c) Registration with the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration (PHMSA). The motor carrier must be registered with the 
PHMSA in accordance with part 107, subpart G of this title.

[69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004, as amended at 75 FR 17241, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 
FR 28450, May 14, 2012; 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013]

[[Page 321]]



Sec.  385.409  When may a temporary safety permit be issued to a motor
carrier?

    (a) Temporary safety permit. If a motor carrier does not meet the 
criteria of Sec.  385.407(a), FMCSA may issue it a temporary safety 
permit. To obtain a temporary safety permit, a motor carrier must 
certify on Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, that it is operating 
in full compliance with the HMRs, with the FMCSRs, and/or comparable 
State regulations, whichever is applicable; and with the minimum 
financial responsibility requirements in part 387 of this subchapter or 
in State regulations, whichever is applicable.
    (b) FMCSA will not issue a temporary safety permit to a motor 
carrier that:
    (1) Does not certify that it has a satisfactory security program as 
required in Sec.  385.407(b);
    (2) Has a crash rate in the top 30 percent of the national average 
as indicated in the FMCSA's MCMIS; or
    (3) Has a driver, vehicle, hazardous materials, or total out-of-
service rate in the top 30 percent of the national average as indicated 
in the MCMIS.
    (c) A temporary safety permit shall be valid for 180 days after the 
date of issuance or until the motor carrier is assigned a new safety 
rating, whichever occurs first.
    (1) A motor carrier that receives a Satisfactory safety rating will 
be issued a safety permit (see Sec.  385.421).
    (2) A motor carrier that receives a less than Satisfactory safety 
rating is ineligible for a safety permit and will be subject to 
revocation of its temporary safety permit.
    (d) If a motor carrier has not received a safety rating within the 
180-day time period, FMCSA will extend the effective date of the 
temporary safety permit for an additional 60 days, provided the motor 
carrier demonstrates that it is continuing to operate in full compliance 
with the FMCSRs and HMRs.

[69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004, as amended at 80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.409 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.409T  When may a temporary safety permit be issued to a motor
carrier?

    (a) Temporary safety permit. If a motor carrier does not meet the 
criteria in Sec.  385.407(a), FMCSA may issue it a temporary safety 
permit. To obtain a temporary safety permit a motor carrier must certify 
on Form MCS-150B that it is operating in full compliance with the HMRs; 
with the FMCSRs, and/or comparable State regulations, whichever is 
applicable; and with the minimum financial responsibility requirements 
in part 387 of this chapter or in State regulations, whichever is 
applicable.
    (b) FMCSA will not issue a temporary safety permit to a motor 
carrier that:
    (1) Does not certify that it has a satisfactory security program as 
required in Sec.  385.407(b);
    (2) Has a crash rate in the top 30 percent of the national average 
as indicated in the FMCSA's Motor Carrier Management Information System 
(MCMIS); or
    (3) Has a driver, vehicle, hazardous materials, or total out-of-
service rate in the top 30 percent of the national average as indicated 
in the MCMIS.
    (c) A temporary safety permit shall be valid for 180 days after the 
date of issuance or until the motor carrier is assigned a new safety 
rating, whichever occurs first.
    (1) A motor carrier that receives a Satisfactory safety rating will 
be issued a safety permit (see Sec.  385.421T).
    (2) A motor carrier that receives a less than Satisfactory safety 
rating is ineligible for a safety permit and will be subject to 
revocation of its temporary safety permit.
    (d) If a motor carrier has not received a safety rating within the 
180-day time period, FMCSA will extend the effective date of the 
temporary safety permit for an additional 60 days, provided the motor 
carrier demonstrates that it is continuing to operate in full compliance 
with the FMCSRs and HMRs.

[82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017]

[[Page 322]]



Sec.  385.411  Must a motor carrier obtain a safety permit if it has a
State permit?

    Yes. However, if FMCSA is able to verify that a motor carrier has a 
safety permit issued by a State under a program that FMCSA has 
determined to be equivalent to the provisions of this subpart, FMCSA 
will immediately issue a safety permit to the motor carrier upon receipt 
of an application in accordance with Sec.  385.405, without further 
inspection or investigation.



Sec.  385.413  What happens if a motor carrier receives a proposed safety
rating that is less than Satisfactory?

    (a) If a motor carrier does not already have a safety permit, it 
will not be issued a safety permit (including a temporary safety permit) 
unless and until a Satisfactory safety rating is issued to the motor 
carrier.
    (b) If a motor carrier holds a safety permit (including a temporary 
safety permit), the safety permit will be subject to revocation or 
suspension (see Sec.  385.421).



Sec.  385.415  What operational requirements apply to the transportation
of a hazardous material for which a permit is required?

    (a) Information that must be carried in the vehicle. During 
transportation, the following must be maintained in each commercial 
motor vehicle that transports a hazardous material listed in Sec.  
385.403 and must be made available to an authorized official of a 
Federal, State, or local government agency upon request.
    (1) A copy of the safety permit or another document showing the 
permit number, provided that document clearly indicates the number is 
the FMCSA Safety Permit number;
    (2) A written route plan that meets the requirements of Sec.  
397.101 of this chapter for highway route-controlled Class 7 
(radioactive) materials or Sec.  397.67 of this chapter for Division 
1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 (explosive) materials; and
    (3) The telephone number, including area code or country code, of an 
employee of the motor carrier or representative of the motor carrier who 
is familiar with the routing of the permitted material. The motor 
carrier employee or representative must be able to verify that the 
shipment is within the general area for the expected route for the 
permitted material. The telephone number, when called, must be answered 
directly by the motor carrier or its representative at all times while 
the permitted material is in transportation including storage incidental 
to transportation. Answering machines are not sufficient to meet this 
requirement.
    (b) Inspection of vehicle transporting Class 7 (radioactive) 
materials. Before a motor carrier may transport a highway route 
controlled quantity of a Class 7 (radioactive) material, the motor 
carrier must have a pre-trip inspection performed on each motor vehicle 
to be used to transport a highway route controlled quantity of a Class 7 
(radioactive) material, in accordance with the requirements of the 
``North American Standard Out-of-Service Criteria and Level VI 
Inspection Procedures and Out-of-Service Criteria for Commercial Highway 
Vehicles Transporting Transuranics and Highway Route Controlled 
Quantities of Radioactive Materials as defined in 49 CFR Part 173.403'', 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  385.4).
    (c) Additional requirements. A motor carrier transporting hazardous 
materials requiring a permit under this part must also meet the 
following requirements:
    (1) The operator of a motor vehicle used to transport a hazardous 
material listed in Sec.  385.403 must follow the communications plan 
required in Sec.  385.407(b)(2) to make contact with the carrier at the 
beginning and end of each duty tour, and at the pickup and delivery of 
each permitted load. Contact may be by telephone, radio or via an 
electronic tracking or monitoring system. The motor carrier or driver 
must maintain a record of communications for 6 months after the initial 
acceptance of a shipment of hazardous material for which a safety permit 
is required. The record of communications must contain the name of the 
driver, identification of the vehicle, permitted material(s) being 
transported, and the date, location, and time of each contact required 
under this section.

[[Page 323]]

    (2) The motor carrier should contact the Transportation Security 
Administration's Transportation Security Coordination Center (703-563-
3236 or 703-563-3237) at any time the motor carrier suspects its 
shipment of a hazardous material listed in Sec.  385.403 is lost, stolen 
or otherwise unaccounted for.

[69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004, as amended at 72 FR 55701, Oct. 1, 2007; 77 
FR 59826, Oct. 1, 2012; 84 FR 32326, July 8, 2019]



Sec.  385.417  Is a motor carrier's safety permit number available
to others?

    Upon request, a motor carrier must provide the number of its safety 
permit to a person who offers a hazardous material listed in Sec.  
385.403 for transportation in commerce. A motor carrier's permit number 
also will be available to the public on the FMCSA Safety and Fitness 
Electronic Records System website at https://safer.fmcsa.dot.gov.

[84 FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  385.419  How long is a safety permit effective?

    Unless suspended or revoked, a safety permit (other than a temporary 
safety permit) is effective for two years, except that:
    (a) A safety permit will be subject to revocation if a motor carrier 
fails to submit a renewal application (Form MCSA-1, the URS online 
application) in accordance with the schedule set forth for filing Form 
MCSA-1 in part 390, subpart E, of this subchapter; and
    (b) An existing safety permit will remain in effect pending FMCSA's 
processing of an application for renewal if a motor carrier submits the 
required application (Form MCSA-1) in accordance with the schedule set 
forth in part 390, subpart E, of this subchapter.

[80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.419 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.419T  How long is a safety permit effective?

    Unless suspended or revoked, a safety permit (other than a temporary 
safety permit) is effective for two years, except that:
    (a) A safety permit will be subject to revocation if a motor carrier 
fails to submit a renewal application (Form MCS-150B) in accordance with 
the schedule set forth for filing Form MCS-150 in Sec.  390.19T(a) of 
this chapter; and
    (b) An existing safety permit will remain in effect pending FMCSA's 
processing of an application for renewal if a motor carrier submits the 
required application (Form MS-150B) in accordance with the schedule set 
forth in Sec.  390.19T(a)(2) and (3) of this chapter.

[82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.421  Under what circumstances will a safety permit be subject
to revocation or suspension by FMCSA?

    (a) Grounds. A safety permit will be subject to revocation or 
suspension by FMCSA for the following reasons:
    (1) A motor carrier fails to submit a renewal application (Form 
MCSA-1) in accordance with the schedule set forth in part 390, subpart 
E, of this subchapter.
    (2) A motor carrier provides any false or misleading information on 
its application form (Form MCSA-1) or as part of updated information it 
is providing on Form MCSA-1 (see Sec.  385.405(d)).
    (3) A motor carrier is issued a final safety rating that is less 
than Satisfactory;
    (4) A motor carrier fails to maintain a satisfactory security plan 
as set forth in Sec.  385.407(b);
    (5) A motor carrier fails to comply with applicable requirements in 
the FMCSRs, the HMRs, or compatible State requirements governing the 
transportation of hazardous materials, in a manner showing that the 
motor carrier is not fit to transport the hazardous materials listed in 
Sec.  385.403;
    (6) A motor carrier fails to comply with an out-of-service order;
    (7) A motor carrier fails to comply with any other order issued 
under the FMCSRs, the HMRs, or compatible State requirements governing 
the transportation of hazardous materials, in a manner showing that the 
motor carrier is not fit to transport the hazardous materials listed in 
Sec.  385.403;
    (8) A motor carrier fails to maintain the minimum financial 
responsibility required by Sec.  387.9 of this chapter or an applicable 
State requirement;

[[Page 324]]

    (9) A motor carrier fails to maintain current hazardous materials 
registration with the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration; or
    (10) A motor carrier loses its operating rights or has its 
registration suspended in accordance with Sec.  386.83 or Sec.  386.84 
of this chapter for failure to pay a civil penalty or abide by a payment 
plan.
    (b) Determining whether a safety permit is revoked or suspended. A 
motor carrier's safety permit will be suspended the first time any of 
the conditions specified in paragraph (a) of this section are found to 
apply to the motor carrier. A motor carrier's safety permit will be 
revoked if any of the conditions specified in paragraph (a) of this 
section are found to apply to the motor carrier and the carrier's safety 
permit has been suspended in the past for any of the reasons specified 
in paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) Effective date of suspension or revocation. A suspension or 
revocation of a safety permit is effective:
    (1) Immediately after FMCSA determines that an imminent hazard 
exists, after FMCSA issues a final safety rating that is less than 
Satisfactory, or after a motor carrier loses its operating rights or has 
its registration suspended for failure to pay a civil penalty or abide 
by a payment plan;
    (2) Thirty (30) days after service of a written notification that 
FMCSA proposes to suspend or revoke a safety permit, if the motor 
carrier does not submit a written request for administrative review 
within that time period; or
    (3) As specified in Sec.  385.423(c), when the motor carrier submits 
a written request for administrative review of FMCSA's proposal to 
suspend or revoke a safety permit.
    (4) A motor carrier whose safety permit has been revoked will not be 
issued a replacement safety permit or temporary safety permit for 365 
days from the time of revocation.

[69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004, as amended at 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 
80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.421 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.421T  Under what circumstances will a safety permit be subject
to revocation or suspension by FMCSA?

    (a) Grounds. A safety permit will be subject to revocation or 
suspension by FMCSA for the following reasons:
    (1) A motor carrier fails to submit a renewal application (Form MCS-
150B) in accordance with the schedule set forth in Sec.  390.19T(a)(2) 
and (3) of this chapter;
    (2) A motor carrier provides any false or misleading information on 
its application (Form MCS-150B) or as part of updated information it is 
providing on Form MCS-150B (see Sec.  385.405T(d)).
    (3) A motor carrier is issued a final safety rating that is less 
than Satisfactory;
    (4) A motor carrier fails to maintain a satisfactory security plan 
as set forth in Sec.  385.407(b);
    (5) A motor carrier fails to comply with applicable requirements in 
the FMCSRs, the HMRs, or compatible State requirements governing the 
transportation of hazardous materials, in a manner showing that the 
motor carrier is not fit to transport the hazardous materials listed in 
Sec.  385.403;
    (6) A motor carrier fails to comply with an out-of-service order;
    (7) A motor carrier fails to comply with any other order issued 
under the FMCSRs, the HMRs, or compatible State requirements governing 
the transportation of hazardous materials, in a manner showing that the 
motor carrier is not fit to transport the hazardous materials listed in 
Sec.  385.403;
    (8) A motor carrier fails to maintain the minimum financial 
responsibility required by Sec.  387.9 of this chapter or an applicable 
State requirement;
    (9) A motor carrier fails to maintain current hazardous materials 
registration with the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration; or
    (10) A motor carrier loses its operating rights or has its 
registration suspended in accordance with Sec.  386.83 or Sec.  386.84 
of this chapter for failure to pay a civil penalty or abide by a payment 
plan.
    (b) Determining whether a safety permit is revoked or suspended. A 
motor carrier's safety permit will be suspended the first time any of 
the conditions

[[Page 325]]

specified in paragraph (a) of this section are found to apply to the 
motor carrier. A motor carrier's safety permit will be revoked if any of 
the conditions specified in paragraph (a) of this section are found to 
apply to the motor carrier and the carrier's safety permit has been 
suspended in the past for any of the reasons specified in paragraph (a) 
of this section.
    (c) Effective date of suspension or revocation. A suspension or 
revocation of a safety permit is effective:
    (1) Immediately after FMCSA determines that an imminent hazard 
exists, after FMCSA issues a final safety rating that is less than 
Satisfactory, or after a motor carrier loses its operating rights or has 
its registration suspended for failure to pay a civil penalty or abide 
by a payment plan;
    (2) Thirty (30) days after service of a written notification that 
FMCSA proposes to suspend or revoke a safety permit, if the motor 
carrier does not submit a written request for administrative review 
within that time period; or
    (3) As specified in Sec.  385.423(c), when the motor carrier submits 
a written request for administrative review of FMCSA's proposal to 
suspend or revoke a safety permit.
    (4) A motor carrier whose safety permit has been revoked will not be 
issued a replacement safety permit or temporary safety permit for 365 
days from the time of revocation.

[82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.423  Does a motor carrier have a right to an administrative
review of a denial, suspension, or revocation of a safety permit?

    A motor carrier has a right to an administrative review pursuant to 
the following procedures and conditions:
    (a) Less than Satisfactory safety rating. If a motor carrier is 
issued a proposed safety rating that is less than Satisfactory, it has 
the right to request (1) an administrative review of a proposed safety 
rating, as set forth in Sec.  385.15, and (2) a change to a proposed 
safety rating based on corrective action, as set forth in Sec.  385.17. 
After a motor carrier has had an opportunity for administrative review 
of, or change to, a proposed safety rating, FMCSA's issuance of a final 
safety rating constitutes final agency action, and a motor carrier has 
no right to further administrative review of FMCSA's denial, suspension, 
or revocation of a safety permit when the motor carrier has been issued 
a final safety rating that is less than Satisfactory.
    (b) Failure to pay civil penalty or abide by payment plan. If a 
motor carrier is notified that failure to pay a civil penalty will 
result in suspension or termination of its operating rights, it has the 
right to an administrative review of that proposed action in a show 
cause proceeding, as set forth in Sec.  386.83(b) or Sec.  386.84(b) of 
this chapter. The decision by FMCSA's Assistant Administrator in the 
show cause proceeding constitutes final agency action, and a motor 
carrier has no right to further administrative review of FMCSA's denial, 
suspension, or revocation of a safety permit when the motor carrier has 
lost its operating rights or had its registration suspended for failure 
to pay a civil penalty or abide by a payment plan.
    (c) Other grounds. Under circumstances other than those set forth in 
paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, a motor carrier may submit a 
written request for administrative review within 30 days after service 
of a written notification that FMCSA has denied a safety permit, that 
FMCSA has immediately suspended or revoked a safety permit, or that 
FMCSA has proposed to suspend or revoke a safety permit. The rules for 
computing time limits for service and requests for extension of time in 
Sec. Sec.  386.5, 386.6, and 386.8 of this chapter apply to the 
proceedings on a request for administrative review under this section.
    (1) The motor carrier must send or deliver its written request for 
administrative review to FMCSA Assistant Administrator, with a copy to 
FMCSA Chief Counsel, at the following addresses:
    (i) Assistant Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001 
Attention: Adjudications Counsel (MC-CC).
    (ii) Chief Counsel (MC-CC), Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.

[[Page 326]]

    (2) A request for administrative review must state the specific 
grounds for review and include all information, evidence, and arguments 
upon which the motor carrier relies to support its request for 
administrative review.
    (3) Within 30 days after service of a written request for 
administrative review, the Office of the Chief Counsel shall submit to 
the Assistant Administrator a written response to the request for 
administrative review. The Office of the Chief Counsel must serve a copy 
of its written response on the motor carrier requesting administrative 
review.
    (4) The Assistant Administrator may decide a motor carrier's request 
for administrative review on the written submissions, hold a hearing 
personally, or refer the request to an administrative law judge for a 
hearing and recommended decision. The Assistant Administrator or 
administrative law judge is authorized to specify, and must notify the 
parties of, specific procedural rules to be followed in the proceeding 
(which may include the procedural rules in part 386 of this chapter that 
are considered appropriate).
    (5) If a request for administrative review is referred to an 
administrative law judge, the recommended decision of the administrative 
law judge becomes the final decision of the Assistant Administrator 45 
days after service of the recommended decision is served, unless either 
the motor carrier or the Office of the Chief Counsel submits a petition 
for review to the Assistant Administrator (and serves a copy of its 
petition on the other party) within 15 days after service of the 
recommended decision. In response to a petition for review of a 
recommended decision of an administrative law judge:
    (i) The other party may submit a written reply within 15 days of 
service of the petition for review.
    (ii) The Assistant Administrator may adopt, modify, or set aside the 
recommended decision of an administrative law judge, and may also remand 
the petition for review to the administrative law judge for further 
proceedings.
    (6) The Assistant Administrator will issue a final decision on any 
request for administrative review when:
    (i) The request for administrative review has not been referred to 
an administrative law judge;
    (ii) A petition for review of a recommended decision by an 
administrative law judge has not been remanded to the administrative law 
judge for further proceedings; or
    (iii) An administrative law judge has held further proceedings on a 
petition for review and issued a supplementary recommended decision.
    (7) The decision of the Assistant Administrator (including a 
recommended decision of an administrative law judge that becomes the 
decision of the Assistant Administrator under paragraph (c)(5) of this 
section) constitutes final agency action, and there is no right to 
further administrative reconsideration or review.
    (8) Any appeal of a final agency action under this section must be 
taken to an appropriate United States Court of Appeals. Unless the Court 
of Appeals issues a stay pending appeal, the final agency action shall 
not be suspended while the appeal is pending.

[69 FR 39367, June 30, 2004, as amended at 72 FR 55701, Oct. 1, 2007; 86 
FR 57070, Oct. 14, 2021]



                Subpart F_Intermodal Equipment Providers

    Source: 73 FR 76819, Dec. 17, 2008, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.501  Roadability review.

    (a) FMCSA will perform roadability reviews of intermodal equipment 
providers, as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this chapter.
    (b) FMCSA will evaluate the results of the roadability review using 
the criteria in appendix A to this part as they relate to compliance 
with parts 390, 393, and 396 of this chapter.



Sec.  385.503  Results of roadability review.

    (a) FMCSA will not assign a safety rating to an intermodal equipment 
provider based on the results of a roadability review. However, FMCSA 
may cite the intermodal equipment provider for violations of parts 390, 
393, and 396 of this chapter and may impose civil

[[Page 327]]

penalties resulting from the roadability review.
    (b) FMCSA may prohibit the intermodal equipment provider from 
tendering specific items of intermodal equipment determined to 
constitute an ``imminent hazard'' (See Sec.  386.72(b)(1) of this 
chapter).
    (c) FMCSA may prohibit an intermodal equipment provider from 
tendering any intermodal equipment from a particular location or 
multiple locations if the agency determines the intermodal equipment 
provider's failure to comply with the FMCSRs constitutes an imminent 
hazard under Sec.  386.72(b)(1).

Subpart G [Reserved]



  Subpart H_Special Rules for New Entrant Non-North America-Domiciled 
                                Carriers

    Source: 73 FR 76491, Dec. 16, 2008, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.601  Scope of rules.

    The rules in this subpart govern the application by a non-North 
America-domiciled motor carrier to provide transportation of property 
and passengers in interstate commerce in the United States.



Sec.  385.603  Application.

    (a) Each applicant applying under this subpart must submit an 
application that consists of:
    (1) Form MCSA-1, the URS online application; and
    (2) A notification of the means used to designate process agents, 
either by submission in the application package of Form BOC-3, 
Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders, 
or a letter stating that the applicant will use a process agent service 
that will submit the Form BOC-3 electronically.
    (b) The FMCSA will process an application only if it meets the 
following conditions:
    (1) The application must be completed in English.
    (2) The information supplied must be accurate, complete, and include 
all required supporting documents and applicable certifications in 
accordance with the instructions to Form MCSA-1 and Form BOC-3.
    (3) The application must include the filing fee payable to the FMCSA 
in the amount set forth at 49 CFR 360.3(f)(1).
    (4) The application must be signed by the applicant.
    (c) An applicant must electronically file Form MCSA-1.
    (d) Form MCSA-1 is the URS online application and is available, 
including complete instructions, at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.

[80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.603 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.603T  Application.

    (a) Each applicant applying under this subpart must submit an 
application that consists of:
    (1) Form OP-1(NNA)--Application for U.S. Department of 
Transportation (USDOT) Registration by Non-North America-Domiciled Motor 
Carriers;
    (2) Form MCS-150--Motor Carrier Identification Report; and
    (3) A notification of the means used to designate process agents, 
either by submission in the application package of Form BOC-3--
Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders or 
a letter stating that the applicant will use a process agent service 
that will submit the Form BOC-3 electronically.
    (b) FMCSA will only process an application if it meets the following 
conditions:
    (1) The application must be completed in English;
    (2) The information supplied must be accurate, complete, and include 
all required supporting documents and applicable certifications in 
accordance with the instructions to Form OP-1(NNA), Form MCS-150 and 
Form BOC-3;
    (3) The application must include the filing fee payable to the FMCSA 
in the amount set forth at 49 CFR 360.3T(f)(1); and
    (4) The application must be signed by the applicant.
    (c) An applicant must submit the application to the address provided 
in Form OP-1(NNA).

[[Page 328]]

    (d) An applicant may obtain the application forms from any FMCSA 
Division Office or download them from the FMCSA Web site at: http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/forms/forms.htm.

[82 FR 5305, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.605  New entrant registration driver's license and drug and 
alcohol testing requirements.

    (a) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier must use only 
drivers who possess a valid commercial driver's license--a CDL, Canadian 
Commercial Driver's License, or Mexican Licencia de Federal de 
Conductor--to operate its vehicles in the United States.
    (b) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier must subject each of 
the drivers described in paragraph (a) of this section to drug and 
alcohol testing as prescribed under part 382 of this subchapter.



Sec.  385.607  FMCSA action on the application.

    (a) FMCSA will review and act on each application submitted under 
this subpart in accordance with the procedures set out in this part.
    (b) FMCSA will validate the accuracy of information and 
certifications provided in the application by checking, to the extent 
available, data maintained in databases of the governments of the 
country where the carrier's principal place of business is located and 
the United States.
    (c) Pre-authorization safety audit. Every non-North America-
domiciled motor carrier that applies under this part must satisfactorily 
complete an FMCSA-administered safety audit before FMCSA will grant new 
entrant registration to operate in the United States. The safety audit 
is a review by FMCSA of the carrier's written procedures and records to 
validate the accuracy of information and certifications provided in the 
application and determine whether the carrier has established or 
exercises the basic safety management controls necessary to ensure safe 
operations. FMCSA will evaluate the results of the safety audit using 
the criteria in the Appendix to this subpart.
    (d) An application of a non-North America-domiciled motor carrier 
requesting for-hire operating authority under part 365 of this 
subchapter may be protested under Sec.  365.109(b). Such a carrier will 
be granted new entrant registration after successful completion of the 
pre-authorization safety audit and the expiration of the protest period, 
provided the application is not protested. If a protest to the 
application is filed with FMCSA, new entrant registration will be 
granted only if FMCSA denies or rejects the protest.
    (e) If FMCSA grants new entrant registration to the applicant, it 
will assign a distinctive USDOT Number that identifies the motor carrier 
as authorized to operate in the United States. In order to initiate 
operations in the United States, a non-North America-domiciled motor 
carrier with new entrant registration must:
    (1) Have its surety or insurance provider file proof of financial 
responsibility in the form of certificates of insurance, surety bonds, 
and endorsements, as required by Sec.  387.7(e)(2), Sec.  387.31(e)(2), 
and Sec.  387.301 of this subchapter, as applicable; and
    (2) File or have its process agent(s) electronically submit, Form 
BOC-3--Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight 
Forwarders, as required by part 366 of this subchapter.
    (f) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier must comply with all 
provisions of the safety monitoring system in part 385, subpart I of 
this subchapter, including successfully passing North American Standard 
commercial motor vehicle inspections at least every 90 days and having 
safety decals affixed to each commercial motor vehicle operated in the 
United States as required by Sec.  385.703(c) of this subchapter.
    (g) FMCSA may not re-designate a non-North America-domiciled 
carrier's registration from new entrant to permanent prior to 18 months 
after the date its USDOT Number is issued and subject to successful 
completion of the safety monitoring system for non-North America-
domiciled carriers set out in part 385, subpart I of this subchapter. 
Successful completion includes obtaining a Satisfactory safety

[[Page 329]]

rating as the result of a compliance review.

[73 FR 76491, Dec. 16, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5306, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.607 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.607T  FMCSA action on the application.

    (a) FMCSA will review and act on each application submitted under 
this subpart in accordance with the procedures set out in this part.
    (b) FMCSA will validate the accuracy of information and 
certifications provided in the application by checking, to the extent 
available, data maintained in databases of the governments of the 
country where the carrier's principal place of business is located and 
the United States.
    (c) Pre-authorization safety audit. Every non-North America-
domiciled motor carrier that applies under this part must satisfactorily 
complete an FMCSA-administered safety audit before FMCSA will grant new 
entrant registration to operate in the United States. The safety audit 
is a review by FMCSA of the carrier's written procedures and records to 
validate the accuracy of information and certifications provided in the 
application and determine whether the carrier has established or 
exercises the basic safety management controls necessary to ensure safe 
operations. FMCSA will evaluate the results of the safety audit using 
the criteria in the appendix to this subpart.
    (d) An application of a non-North America-domiciled motor carrier 
requesting for-hire operating authority under part 365 of this 
subchapter may be protested under Sec.  365.109T(b). Such a carrier will 
be granted new entrant registration after successful completion of the 
pre-authorization safety audit and the expiration of the protest period, 
provided the application is not protested. If a protest to the 
application is filed with FMCSA, new entrant registration will be 
granted only if FMCSA denies or rejects the protest.
    (e) If FMCSA grants new entrant registration to the applicant, it 
will assign a distinctive USDOT Number that identifies the motor carrier 
as authorized to operate in the United States. In order to initiate 
operations in the United States, a non-North America-domiciled motor 
carrier with new entrant registration must:
    (1) Have its surety or insurance provider file proof of financial 
responsibility in the form of certificates of insurance, surety bonds, 
and endorsements, as required by Sec. Sec.  387.7(e)(2), 387.31(e)(2), 
and 387.301T of this subchapter, as applicable; and
    (2) File a hard copy of, or have its process agent(s) electronically 
submit, Form BOC-3--Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and 
Freight Forwarders, as required by part 366 of this subchapter.
    (f) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier must comply with all 
provisions of the safety monitoring system in subpart I of this part, 
including successfully passing North American Standard commercial motor 
vehicle inspections at least every 90 days and having safety decals 
affixed to each commercial motor vehicle operated in the United States 
as required by Sec.  385.703(c).
    (g) FMCSA may not re-designate a non-North America-domiciled 
carrier's registration from new entrant to permanent prior to 18 months 
after the date its USDOT Number is issued and subject to successful 
completion of the safety monitoring system for non-North America-
domiciled carriers set out in subpart I of this part. Successful 
completion includes obtaining a Satisfactory safety rating as the result 
of a compliance review.

[82 FR 5306, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.609  Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant
information.

    (a)(1) A motor carrier subject to this subpart must notify FMCSA of 
any changes or corrections to the information the Form BOC-3--
Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders 
that occur during the application process or after having been granted 
new entrant registration.
    (2) A motor carrier subject to this subpart must notify FMCSA of any 
changes or corrections to the information in Section A of Form MCSA-1 
that occur during the application process or

[[Page 330]]

after the motor carrier has been granted new entrant registration. The 
motor carrier must report the changes or corrections within 30 days of 
the change. The motor carrier must use Form MCSA-1, the URS online 
application, to report the new information.
    (3) A motor carrier must notify FMCSA in writing within 45 days of 
the change or correction to information under paragraphs (a)(1) or 
(a)(2) of this section.
    (b) If a motor carrier fails to comply with paragraph (a) of this 
section, FMCSA may suspend or revoke its new entrant registration until 
it meets those requirements.

[73 FR 76491, Dec. 16, 2008, as amended at 78 FR 52650, Aug. 23, 2013; 
80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5306, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.609 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.609T  Requirement to notify FMCSA of change in applicant
information.

    (a)(1) A motor carrier subject to this subpart must notify FMCSA of 
any changes or corrections to the information the Form BOC-3--
Designation of Agents--Motor Carriers, Brokers and Freight Forwarders 
that occur during the application process or after having been granted 
new entrant registration.
    (2) A motor carrier subject to this subpart must notify FMCSA of any 
changes or corrections to the information in Section I, IA or II of Form 
OP-1(NNA)--Application for U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) 
Registration by Non-North America-Domiciled Motor Carriers that occurs 
during the application process or after having been granted new entrant 
registration.
    (3) A motor carrier must notify FMCSA in writing within 45 days of 
the change or correction to information under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of 
this section.
    (b) If a motor carrier fails to comply with paragraph (a) of this 
section, FMCSA may suspend or revoke its new entrant registration until 
it meets those requirements.

[82 FR 5306, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec. Appendix to Subpart H of Part 385--Explanation of Pre-Authorization 
 Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria for Non-North America-Domiciled Motor 
                                Carriers

                               I. General

    (a) FMCSA will perform a safety audit of each non-North America-
domiciled motor carrier before granting the carrier new entrant 
registration to operate within the United States.
    (b) FMCSA will conduct the safety audit at a location specified by 
the FMCSA. All records and documents must be made available for 
examination within 48 hours after a request is made. Saturdays, Sundays, 
and Federal holidays are excluded from the computation of the 48-hour 
period.
    (c) The safety audit will include:
    (1) Verification of available performance data and safety management 
programs;
    (2) Verification of a controlled substances and alcohol testing 
program consistent with part 40 of this title;
    (3) Verification of the carrier's system of compliance with hours-
of-service rules in part 395 of this subchapter, including recordkeeping 
and retention;
    (4) Verification of proof of financial responsibility;
    (5) Review of available data concerning the carrier's safety 
history, and other information necessary to determine the carrier's 
preparedness to comply with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Regulations, parts 382 through 399 of this subchapter, and the Federal 
Hazardous Material Regulations, parts 171 through 180 of this title;
    (6) Inspection of available commercial motor vehicles to be used 
under new entrant registration, if any of these vehicles have not 
received a decal required by Sec.  385.703(c) of this subchapter;
    (7) Evaluation of the carrier's safety inspection, maintenance, and 
repair facilities or management systems, including verification of 
records of periodic vehicle inspections;
    (8) Verification of drivers' qualifications, including confirmation 
of the validity of the CDL, Canadian Commercial Driver's License, or 
Mexican Licencia de Federal de Conductor, as applicable, of each driver 
the carrier intends to assign to operate under its new entrant 
registration; and
    (9) An interview of carrier officials to review safety management 
controls and evaluate any written safety oversight policies and 
practices.
    (d) To successfully complete the safety audit, a non-North America-
domiciled motor carrier must demonstrate to FMCSA that it has the 
required elements in paragraphs I (c)(2), (3), (4), (7), and (8) of this 
appendix and other basic safety management controls in

[[Page 331]]

place which function adequately to ensure minimum acceptable compliance 
with the applicable safety requirements. FMCSA developed ``safety audit 
evaluation criteria,'' which uses data from the safety audit and 
roadside inspections to determine that each applicant for new entrant 
registration has basic safety management controls in place.
    (e) The safety audit evaluation process developed by FMCSA is used 
to:
    (1) Evaluate basic safety management controls and determine if each 
non-North America-domiciled carrier and each driver is able to operate 
safely in the United States; and
    (2) Identify motor carriers and drivers who are having safety 
problems and need improvement in their compliance with the FMCSRs and 
the HMRs, before FMCSA issues new entrant registration to operate within 
the United States.

     II. Source of the Data for the Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria

    (a) The FMCSA's evaluation criteria are built upon the operational 
tool known as the safety audit. FMCSA developed this tool to assist 
auditors, inspectors, and investigators in assessing the adequacy of a 
non-North America-domiciled carrier's basic safety management controls.
    (b) The safety audit is a review of a non-North America-domiciled 
motor carrier's operation and is used to:
    (1) Determine if a carrier has the basic safety management controls 
required by 49 U.S.C. 31144; and
    (2) In the event that a carrier is found not to be in compliance 
with applicable FMCSRs and HMRs, educate the carrier on how to comply 
with U.S. safety rules.
    (c) Documents such as those contained in driver qualification files, 
records of duty status, vehicle maintenance records, drug and alcohol 
testing records, and other records are reviewed for compliance with the 
FMCSRs and HMRs. Violations are cited on the safety audit. Performance-
based information, when available, is utilized to evaluate the carrier's 
compliance with the vehicle regulations. Recordable accident information 
is also collected.

  III. Overall Determination of the Carrier's Basic Safety Management 
                                Controls

    (a) The carrier will not receive new entrant registration if FMCSA 
cannot:
    (1) Verify a controlled substances and alcohol testing program 
consistent with part 40 of this title;
    (2) Verify a system of compliance with the hours-of-service rules of 
this subchapter, including recordkeeping and retention;
    (3) Verify proof of financial responsibility;
    (4) Verify records of periodic vehicle inspections; and
    (5) Verify the qualifications of each driver the carrier intends to 
assign to operate commercial motor vehicles in the United States, as 
required by parts 383 and 391 of this subchapter, including confirming 
the validity of each driver's CDL, Canadian Commercial Driver's License, 
or Mexican Licencia de Federal de Conductor, as appropriate.
    (b) If FMCSA confirms each item under paragraphs III (a)(1) through 
(5) of this appendix, the carrier will receive new entrant registration, 
unless FMCSA finds the carrier has inadequate basic safety management 
controls in at least three separate factors described in part IV of this 
appendix. If FMCSA makes such a determination, the carrier's application 
for new entrant registration will be denied.

                 IV. Evaluation of Regulatory Compliance

    (a) During the safety audit, FMCSA gathers information by reviewing 
a motor carrier's compliance with ``acute'' and ``critical'' regulations 
of the FMCSRs and HMRs.
    (b) Acute regulations are those where noncompliance is so severe as 
to require immediate corrective actions by a motor carrier regardless of 
the overall basic safety management controls of the motor carrier.
    (c) Critical regulations are those where noncompliance relates to 
management and/or operational controls. These are indicative of 
breakdowns in a carrier's management controls.
    (d) The list of the acute and critical regulations, which are used 
in determining if a carrier has basic safety management controls in 
place, is included in Appendix B, VII, List of Acute and Critical 
Regulations to part 385 of this subchapter.
    (e) Noncompliance with acute and critical regulations are indicators 
of inadequate safety management controls and usually higher than average 
accident rates.
    (f) Parts of the FMCSRs and the HMRs having similar characteristics 
are combined together into six regulatory areas called ``factors.'' The 
regulatory factors, evaluated on the adequacy of the carrier's safety 
management controls, are:
    (1) Factor 1--General: Parts 387 and 390;
    (2) Factor 2--Driver: Parts 382, 383, and 391;
    (3) Factor 3--Operational: Parts 392 and 395;
    (4) Factor 4--Vehicle; Parts 393, 396 and inspection data for the 
last 12 months;
    (5) Factor 5--Hazardous Materials: Parts 171, 177, 180 and 397; and
    (6) Factor 6--Accident: Recordable Accident Rate per Million Miles.
    (g) For each instance of noncompliance with an acute regulation, 1.5 
points will be assessed.
    (h) For each instance of noncompliance with a critical regulation, 1 
point will be assessed.

[[Page 332]]

    (i) Vehicle Factor. (1) When at least three vehicle inspections are 
recorded in the Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS) 
during the twelve months before the safety audit or performed at the 
time of the review, the Vehicle Factor (part 396) will be evaluated on 
the basis of the Out-of-Service (OOS) rates and noncompliance with acute 
and critical regulations. The results of the review of the OOS rate will 
affect the Vehicle Factor as follows:
    (i) If the motor carrier has had at least three roadside inspections 
in the twelve months before the safety audit, and the vehicle OOS rate 
is 34 percent or higher, one point will be assessed against the carrier. 
That point will be added to any other points assessed for discovered 
noncompliance with acute and critical regulations of part 396 of this 
chapter to determine the carrier's level of safety management control 
for that factor.
    (ii) If the motor carrier's vehicle OOS rate is less than 34 
percent, or if there are less than three inspections, the determination 
of the carrier's level of safety management controls will only be based 
on discovered noncompliance with the acute and critical regulations of 
part 396 of this chapter.
    (2) Roadside inspection information is retained in the MCMIS and is 
integral to evaluating a motor carrier's ability to successfully 
maintain its vehicles, thus preventing being placed OOS during a 
roadside inspection. Each safety audit will continue to have the 
requirements of part 396 of this chapter, Inspection, Repair, and 
Maintenance, reviewed as indicated by the above explanation.
    (j) Accident Factor. (1) In addition to the five regulatory factors, 
a sixth factor is included in the process to address the accident 
history of the motor carrier. This factor is the recordable accident 
rate, which the carrier has experienced during the past 12 months. 
Recordable accident, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5, means an accident 
involving a commercial motor vehicle operating on a public road in 
interstate or intrastate commerce which results in a fatality; a bodily 
injury to a person who, as a result of the injury, immediately receives 
medical treatment away from the scene of the accident; or one or more 
motor vehicles incurring disabling damage as a result of the accident 
requiring the motor vehicle to be transported away from the scene by a 
tow truck or other motor vehicle.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (3) The recordable accident rate will be used in determining the 
carrier's basic safety management controls in Factor 6, Accident. It 
will be used only when a carrier incurs two or more recordable accidents 
within the 12 months before the safety audit. An urban carrier (a 
carrier operating entirely within a radius of 100 air miles) with a 
recordable rate per million miles greater than 1.7 will be deemed to 
have inadequate basic safety management controls for the accident 
factor. All other carriers with a recordable accident rate per million 
miles greater than 1.5 will be deemed to have inadequate basic safety 
management controls for the accident factor. The rates are the result of 
roughly doubling the United States national average accident rate in 
Fiscal Years 1994, 1995, and 1996.
    (4) FMCSA will continue to consider preventability when a new 
entrant contests the evaluation of the accident factor by presenting 
compelling evidence that the recordable rate is not a fair means of 
evaluating its accident factor. Preventability will be determined 
according to the following standard: ``If a driver, who exercises normal 
judgment and foresight, could have foreseen the possibility of the 
accident that in fact occurred, and avoided it by taking steps within 
his/her control which would not have risked causing another kind of 
mishap, the accident was preventable.''
    (k) Factor Ratings. (1) The following table shows the five 
regulatory factors, parts of the FMCSRs and HMRs associated with each 
factor, and the accident factor. Each carrier's level of basic safety 
management controls with each factor is determined as follows:
    (i) Factor 1--General: Parts 390 and 387;
    (ii) Factor 2--Driver: Parts 382, 383, and 391;
    (iii) Factor 3--Operational: Parts 392 and 395;
    (iv) Factor 4--Vehicle: Parts 393, 396 and the Out of Service Rate;
    (v) Factor 5--Hazardous Materials: Part 171, 177, 180 and 397; and
    (vi) Factor 6--Accident: Recordable Accident Rate per Million Miles;
    (2) For paragraphs IV (k)(1)(i) through (v) of this appendix 
(Factors 1 through 5), if the combined violations of acute and/or 
critical regulations for each factor is equal to three or more points, 
the carrier is determined not to have basic safety management controls 
for that individual factor.
    (3) For paragraph IV (k)(1)(vi) of this appendix, if the recordable 
accident rate is greater than 1.7 recordable accidents per million miles 
for an urban carrier (1.5 for all other carriers), the carrier is 
determined to have inadequate basic safety management controls.
    (l) Notwithstanding FMCSA verification of the items listed in 
paragraphs III (a)(1) through (5) of this appendix, if the safety audit 
determines the carrier has inadequate basic safety management controls 
in at least three separate factors described in paragraph III of this 
appendix, the carrier's application for new entrant registration will be 
denied. For example, FMCSA evaluates a carrier finding:

[[Page 333]]

    (1) One instance of noncompliance with a critical regulation in part 
387 scoring one point for Factor 1;
    (2) Two instances of noncompliance with acute regulations in part 
382 scoring three points for Factor 2;
    (3) Three instances of noncompliance with critical regulations in 
part 396 scoring three points for Factor 4; and
    (4) Three instances of noncompliance with acute regulations in parts 
171 and 397 scoring four and one-half (4.5) points for Factor 5.
    Under this example, the carrier will not receive new entrant 
registration because it scored three or more points for Factors 2, 4, 
and 5 and FMCSA determined the carrier had inadequate basic safety 
management controls in at least three separate factors.



   Subpart I_Safety Monitoring System for Non-North American Carriers

    Source: 73 FR 76494, Dec. 16, 2008, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.701  Definitions.

    The following definitions apply to this subpart:
    Compliance review means a compliance review as defined in Sec.  
385.3 of this part.
    New entrant registration means the provisional registration under 
subpart H of this part that FMCSA grants to a non-North America-
domiciled motor carrier to provide interstate transportation within the 
United States. It will be revoked if the registrant is not assigned a 
Satisfactory safety rating following a compliance review conducted 
during the safety monitoring period established in this subpart.
    Non-North America-domiciled motor carrier means a motor carrier of 
property or passengers whose principal place of business is located in a 
country other than the United States, Canada or Mexico.



Sec.  385.703  Safety monitoring system.

    (a) General. Each non-North America-domiciled carrier new entrant 
will be subject to an oversight program to monitor its compliance with 
applicable Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs), Federal 
Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSSs), and Hazardous Materials 
Regulations (HMRs).
    (b) Roadside monitoring. Each non-North America-domiciled carrier 
new entrant will be subject to intensified monitoring through frequent 
roadside inspections.
    (c) Safety decal. Each non-North America-domiciled carrier must have 
on every commercial motor vehicle it operates in the United States a 
current decal attesting to a satisfactory North American Standard 
Commercial Vehicle inspection by a certified FMCSA or State inspector 
pursuant to 49 CFR 350.201(k). This requirement applies during the new 
entrant operating period and for three years after the carrier's 
registration becomes permanent following removal of its new entrant 
designation.
    (d) Compliance review. FMCSA will conduct a compliance review on a 
non-North America-domiciled carrier within 18 months after FMCSA issues 
the carrier a USDOT Number.



Sec.  385.705  Expedited action.

    (a) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier committing any of 
the following actions identified through roadside inspections, or by any 
other means, may be subjected to an expedited compliance review, or may 
be required to submit a written response demonstrating corrective 
action:
    (1) Using a driver not possessing, or operating without, a valid 
CDL, Canadian Commercial Driver's License, or Mexican Licencia Federal 
de Conductor. An invalid commercial driver's license includes one that 
is falsified, revoked, expired, or missing a required endorsement.
    (2) Operating a vehicle placed out of service for violations of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations without taking the necessary 
corrective action.
    (3) Being involved in, through action or omission, a hazardous 
materials reportable incident, as described under 49 CFR 171.15 or 
171.16, within the United States involving--
    (i) A highway route controlled quantity of certain radioactive 
materials (Class 7).
    (ii) Any quantity of certain explosives (Class 1, Division 1.1, 1.2, 
or 1.3).
    (iii) Any quantity of certain poison inhalation hazard materials 
(Zone A or B).

[[Page 334]]

    (4) Being involved in, through action or omission, two or more 
hazardous materials reportable incidents, as described under 49 CFR 
171.15 or 171.16, occurring within the United States and involving any 
hazardous material not listed in paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
    (5) Using a driver who tests positive for controlled substances or 
alcohol or who refuses to submit to required controlled substances or 
alcohol tests.
    (6) Operating within the United States a commercial motor vehicle 
without the levels of financial responsibility required under part 387 
of this subchapter.
    (7) Having a driver or vehicle out-of-service rate of 50 percent or 
more based upon at least three inspections occurring within a 
consecutive 90-day period.
    (b) Failure to respond to an Agency demand for a written response 
demonstrating corrective action within 30 days will result in the 
suspension of the carrier's new entrant registration until the required 
showing of corrective action is submitted to the FMCSA.
    (c) A satisfactory response to a written demand for corrective 
action does not excuse a carrier from the requirement that it undergo a 
compliance review during the new entrant registration period.



Sec.  385.707  The compliance review.

    (a) The criteria used in a compliance review to determine whether a 
non-North America-domiciled new entrant exercises the necessary basic 
safety management controls are specified in appendix B to this part.
    (b) Satisfactory Rating. If FMCSA assigns a non-North America-
domiciled carrier a Satisfactory rating following a compliance review 
conducted under this subpart, FMCSA will provide the carrier written 
notice as soon as practicable, but not later than 45 days after the 
completion of the compliance review. The carrier's registration will 
remain in provisional status and its on-highway performance will 
continue to be closely monitored for the remainder of the 18-month new 
entrant registration period.
    (c) Conditional Rating. If FMCSA assigns a non-North America-
domiciled carrier a Conditional rating following a compliance review 
conducted under this subpart, it will initiate a revocation proceeding 
in accordance with Sec.  385.709 of this subpart. The carrier's new 
entrant registration will not be suspended prior to the conclusion of 
the revocation proceeding.
    (d) Unsatisfactory Rating. If FMCSA assigns a non-North America-
domiciled carrier an Unsatisfactory rating following a compliance review 
conducted under this subpart, it will initiate a suspension and 
revocation proceeding in accordance with Sec.  385.709 of this subpart.



Sec.  385.709  Suspension and revocation of non-North America-domiciled
carrier registration.

    (a) If a carrier is assigned an ``Unsatisfactory'' safety rating 
following a compliance review conducted under this subpart, FMCSA will 
provide the carrier written notice, as soon as practicable, that its 
registration will be suspended effective 15 days from the service date 
of the notice unless the carrier demonstrates, within 10 days of the 
service date of the notice, that the compliance review contains material 
error.
    (b) For purposes of this section, material error is a mistake or 
series of mistakes that resulted in an erroneous safety rating.
    (c) If the carrier demonstrates that the compliance review contained 
material error, its new entrant registration will not be suspended. If 
the carrier fails to show a material error in the compliance review, 
FMCSA will issue an Order:
    (1) Suspending the carrier's new entrant registration and requiring 
it to immediately cease all further operations in the United States; and
    (2) Notifying the carrier that its new entrant registration will be 
revoked unless it presents evidence of necessary corrective action 
within 30 days from the service date of the Order.
    (d) If a carrier is assigned a ``Conditional'' rating following a 
compliance review conducted under this subpart, the provisions of 
paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section will apply,

[[Page 335]]

except that its new entrant registration will not be suspended under 
paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
    (e) If a carrier subject to this subpart fails to provide the 
necessary documents for a compliance review upon reasonable request, or 
fails to submit evidence of the necessary corrective action as required 
by Sec.  385.705 of this subpart, FMCSA will provide the carrier with 
written notice, as soon as practicable, that its new entrant 
registration will be suspended 15 days from the service date of the 
notice unless it provides all necessary documents or information. This 
suspension will remain in effect until the necessary documents or 
information is produced and:
    (1) The carrier is rated Satisfactory after a compliance review; or
    (2) FMCSA determines, following review of the carrier's response to 
a demand for corrective action under Sec.  385.705, that the carrier has 
taken the necessary corrective action.
    (f) If a carrier commits any of the actions specified in Sec.  
385.705(a) of this subpart after the removal of a suspension issued 
under this section, the suspension will be automatically reinstated. 
FMCSA will issue an Order requiring the carrier to cease further 
operations in the United States and demonstrate, within 15 days from the 
service date of the Order, that it did not commit the alleged action(s). 
If the carrier fails to demonstrate that it did not commit the 
action(s), FMCSA will issue an Order revoking its new entrant 
registration.
    (g) If FMCSA receives credible evidence that a carrier has operated 
in violation of a suspension order issued under this section, it will 
issue an Order requiring the carrier to show cause, within 10 days of 
the service date of the Order, why its new entrant registration should 
not be revoked. If the carrier fails to make the necessary showing, 
FMCSA will revoke its registration.
    (h) If a non-North America-domiciled motor carrier operates a 
commercial motor vehicle in violation of a suspension or out-of-service 
order, it is subject to the penalty provisions in 49 U.S.C. 
521(b)(2)(A), as adjusted by inflation, not to exceed amounts for each 
offense under part 386, Appendix B of this subchapter.
    (i) Notwithstanding any provision of this subpart, a carrier subject 
to this subpart is also subject to the suspension and revocation 
provisions of 49 U.S.C. 13905 for repeated violations of DOT regulations 
governing its motor carrier operations.



Sec.  385.711  Administrative review.

    (a) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier may request FMCSA to 
conduct an administrative review if it believes FMCSA has committed an 
error in assigning a safety rating or suspending or revoking the 
carrier's new entrant registration under this subpart.
    (b) The carrier must submit its request in writing, in English, to 
FMCSA, ATTN: Sec.  385.113 Request for Administrative Review, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue, SE., Washington DC 20590.
    (c) The carrier's request must explain the error it believes FMCSA 
committed in assigning the safety rating or suspending or revoking the 
carrier's new entrant registration and include any information or 
documents that support its argument.
    (d) FMCSA will complete its administrative review no later than 10 
days after the carrier submits its request for review. FMCSA's decision 
will constitute the final Agency action.

[73 FR 76494, Dec. 16, 2008, as amended at 86 FR 57070, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  385.713  Reapplying for new entrant registration.

    (a) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier whose provisional 
new entrant registration has been revoked may reapply for new entrant 
registration no sooner than 30 days after the date of revocation.
    (b) If the provisional new entrant registration was revoked because 
the new entrant failed to receive a Satisfactory rating after undergoing 
a compliance review, the new entrant must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated Form MCSA-1, the URS online application;
    (2) Submit evidence that it has corrected the deficiencies that 
resulted in revocation of its registration and will

[[Page 336]]

otherwise ensure that it will have basic safety management controls in 
effect.
    (3) Successfully complete a pre-authorization safety audit in 
accordance with Sec.  385.607(c) of this part.
    (4) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (c) If the provisional new entrant registration was revoked because 
FMCSA found the new entrant failed to submit to a compliance review, the 
new entrant must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated Form MCSA-1, the URS online application;
    (2) Successfully complete a pre-authorization safety audit in 
accordance with Sec.  385.607(c) of this part.
    (3) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (4) Submit to a compliance review upon request.
    (d) If the new entrant is a for-hire carrier subject to the 
registration provisions under 49 U.S.C. 13901 and also has had its 
operating authority revoked, it must reapply for operating authority as 
set forth in Sec.  390.201(b) and part 365 of this subchapter.

[73 FR 76494, Dec. 16, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5306, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  385.713 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  385.713T  Reapplying for new entrant registration.

    (a) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier whose provisional 
new entrant registration has been revoked may reapply for new entrant 
registration no sooner than 30 days after the date of revocation.
    (b) If the provisional new entrant registration was revoked because 
the new entrant failed to receive a Satisfactory rating after undergoing 
a compliance review, the new entrant must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated MCS-150.
    (2) Submit evidence that it has corrected the deficiencies that 
resulted in revocation of its registration and will otherwise ensure 
that it will have basic safety management controls in effect.
    (3) Successfully complete a pre-authorization safety audit in 
accordance with Sec.  385.607T(c).
    (4) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (c) If the provisional new entrant registration was revoked because 
FMCSA found that the new entrant had failed to submit to a compliance 
review, it must do all of the following:
    (1) Submit an updated MCS-150.
    (2) Successfully complete a pre-authorization safety audit in 
accordance with Sec.  385.607T(c).
    (3) Begin the 18-month new entrant monitoring cycle again as of the 
date the re-filed application is approved.
    (4) Submit to a compliance review upon request.
    (d) If the new entrant is a for-hire carrier subject to the 
registration provisions under 49 U.S.C. 13901 and also has had its 
operating authority revoked, it must re-apply for operating authority as 
set forth in part 365 of this subchapter.

[82 FR 5306, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  385.715  Duration of safety monitoring system.

    (a) Each non-North America-domiciled carrier subject to this subpart 
will remain in the safety monitoring system for at least 18 months from 
the date FMCSA issues its new entrant registration, except as provided 
in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section.
    (b) If, at the end of this 18-month period, the carrier's most 
recent safety rating was Satisfactory and no additional enforcement or 
safety improvement actions are pending under this subpart, the non-North 
America-domiciled carrier's new entrant registration will become 
permanent.
    (c) If, at the end of this 18-month period, FMCSA has not been able 
to conduct a compliance review, the carrier will remain in the safety 
monitoring system until a compliance review is conducted. If the results 
of the compliance review are satisfactory, the carrier's new entrant 
registration will become permanent.
    (d) If, at the end of this 18-month period, the carrier's new 
entrant registration is suspended under Sec.  385.709(a) of this 
subpart, the carrier will remain in the safety monitoring system until 
FMCSA either:

[[Page 337]]

    (1) Determines that the carrier has taken corrective action; or
    (2) Completes measures to revoke the carrier's new entrant 
registration under Sec.  385.709(c) of this subpart.



Sec.  385.717  Applicability of safety fitness and enforcement procedures.

    At all times during which a non-North America-domiciled motor 
carrier is subject to the safety monitoring system in this subpart, it 
is also subject to the general safety fitness procedures established in 
subpart A of this part and to compliance and enforcement procedures 
applicable to all carriers regulated by the FMCSA.

Subpart J [Reserved]



  Subpart K_Pattern or Practice of Safety Violations by Motor Carrier 
                               Management

    Source: 79 FR 3537, Jan. 22, 2014, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.901  Applicability.

    The requirements in this subpart apply to for-hire motor carriers, 
employers, officers and persons registered or required to be registered 
under 49 U.S.C. 13902, 49 CFR part 365, and 49 CFR part 368. When used 
in this subpart, the term ``motor carrier'' includes all for-hire motor 
carriers, employers, officers and other persons, however designated, 
that are registered or required to be registered under 49 U.S.C. 13902, 
49 CFR part 365, and 49 CFR part 368.



Sec.  385.903  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart:
    Agency Official means the FMCSA employee with delegated authority 
under this subpart.
    Controlling Influence means having or exercising authority, whether 
by act or omission, to direct some or all of a motor carrier's 
operational policy and/or safety management controls.
    Officer means an owner, director, chief executive officer, chief 
operating officer, chief financial officer, safety director, vehicle 
maintenance supervisor, and driver supervisor of a motor carrier, 
regardless of the title attached to those functions, and any person, 
however designated, exercising controlling influence over the operations 
of a motor carrier.
    Registration means the registration required under 49 U.S.C. 13902, 
49 CFR part 365, and 49 CFR part 368.

[79 FR 3537, Jan. 22, 2014, as amended at 86 FR 57070, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  385.905  Suspension or revocation of registration.

    (a) General. (1) If a motor carrier engages or has engaged in a 
pattern or practice of avoiding compliance, or masking or otherwise 
concealing noncompliance, with regulations on commercial motor vehicle 
safety under 49 U.S.C. Chapter 311, subchapter III, FMCSA may suspend or 
revoke the motor carrier's registration.
    (2) If a motor carrier permits any person to exercise controlling 
influence over the motor carrier's operations and that person engages in 
or has engaged in a pattern or practice of avoiding compliance, or 
masking or otherwise concealing noncompliance, with regulations on 
commercial motor vehicle safety 49 U.S.C. Chapter 311, subchapter III 
while acting on behalf of any motor carrier, FMCSA may suspend or revoke 
the motor carrier's registration.
    (b) Determination. (1) The Agency Official may issue an order to 
revoke or suspend a motor carrier's registration, or require compliance 
with an order issued to redress violations of a statutory or regulatory 
requirement prescribed under 49 U.S.C. Chapter 311, subchapter III, upon 
a determination that the motor carrier engages or has engaged in a 
pattern or practice of avoiding regulatory compliance or masking or 
otherwise concealing regulatory noncompliance.
    (2) The Agency Official may issue an order to revoke or suspend a 
motor carrier's registration, or require compliance with an order issued 
to redress violations of a statutory or regulatory requirement 
prescribed under 49 U.S.C. Chapter 311, subchapter III, upon a 
determination that the motor carrier permitted a person to exercise 
controlling influence over the motor carrier's operations if that person 
engages in or has engaged in a pattern or practice of

[[Page 338]]

avoiding regulatory compliance or masking or otherwise concealing 
regulatory noncompliance.



Sec.  385.907  Regulatory noncompliance.

    A motor carrier or person acting on behalf of a motor carrier avoids 
regulatory compliance or masks or otherwise conceals regulatory 
noncompliance by, independently or on behalf of another motor carrier, 
failing to or concealing failure to:
    (a) Comply with statutory or regulatory requirements prescribed 
under 49 U.S.C., Chapter 311, subchapter III;
    (b) Comply with an FMCSA or State order issued to redress violations 
of a statutory or regulatory requirement prescribed under 49 U.S.C., 
Chapter 311, subchapter III;
    (c) Pay a civil penalty assessed for a violation of a statutory or 
regulatory requirement prescribed under 49 U.S.C., Chapter 311, 
subchapter III; or
    (d) Respond to an enforcement action for a violation of a statutory 
or regulatory requirement prescribed under 49 U.S.C., Chapter 311, 
subchapter III.



Sec.  385.909  Pattern or practice.

    The Agency Official may determine that a motor carrier or person 
acting on behalf of a motor carrier engages or has engaged in a pattern 
or practice of avoiding regulatory compliance, or masking or otherwise 
concealing regulatory noncompliance for purposes of this subpart, by 
considering, among other things, the following factors, which, in the 
case of persons acting on behalf of a motor carrier, may be related to 
conduct undertaken on behalf of any motor carrier:
    (a) The frequency, remoteness in time, or continuing nature of the 
conduct;
    (b) The extent to which the regulatory violations caused by the 
conduct create a risk to safety;
    (c) The degree to which the conduct has affected the safety of 
operations, including taking into account any crashes, deaths, or 
injuries associated with the conduct;
    (d) Whether the motor carrier or person acting on a motor carrier's 
behalf knew or should have known that the conduct violated applicable 
statutory or regulatory requirements;
    (e) Safety performance history, including pending or closed 
enforcement actions, if any;
    (f) Whether the motor carrier or person acting on a motor carrier's 
behalf engaged in the conduct for the purpose of avoiding compliance or 
masking or otherwise concealing noncompliance; and
    (g) In the case of a person acting on a motor carrier's behalf, the 
extent to which the person exercises a controlling influence on the 
motor carrier's operations.



Sec.  385.911  Suspension proceedings.

    (a) General. The Agency Official may issue an order to suspend a 
motor carrier's registration based on a determination made in accordance 
with Sec.  385.905(b).
    (b) Commencement of proceedings. The Agency Official commences a 
proceeding under this section by serving an order to show cause to the 
motor carrier and, if the proceeding is based on the conduct of another 
person, by also serving a copy on the person alleged to have engaged in 
the pattern or practice that resulted in a proceeding instituted under 
this section, which:
    (1) Provides notice that the Agency is considering whether to 
suspend the motor carrier's registration;
    (2) Provides notice of the factual and legal basis for the order;
    (3) Directs the motor carrier to show good cause within 30 days of 
service of the order to show cause why its registration should not be 
suspended;
    (4) Informs the motor carrier that its response to the order to show 
cause must be in writing, state the factual and legal basis for its 
response, and include all documentation, if any, the motor carrier wants 
considered;
    (5) Informs the motor carrier of the address and name of the person 
to whom the response should be directed and served;
    (6) Provides notice to the person(s) alleged to have engaged in the 
pattern or practice that resulted in the proceeding instituted under 
this section, if any, of their right to intervene in the proceeding; and
    (7) Informs the motor carrier that its registration will be 
suspended on the 35th day after service of the order, if

[[Page 339]]

the motor carrier or an intervening person does not respond to the 
order.
    (c) Right of individual person(s) to intervene. A person(s) alleged 
to have engaged in the pattern or practice that resulted in a proceeding 
under this section may intervene in the proceeding. The person(s) may--
but are not required to--serve a separate response and supporting 
documentation to an order served under paragraph (b) of this section, 
within 30 days of being served with the order. Failure to timely serve a 
response constitutes waiver of the right to intervene.
    (d) Review of response. The Agency Official will review the 
responses to the order to show cause and determine whether the motor 
carrier's registration should be suspended.
    (1) The Agency Official may take the following actions:
    (i) If the Agency Official determines that the motor carrier's 
registration should be suspended, he or she will enter an order 
suspending the registration;
    (ii) If the Agency Official determines that it is not appropriate to 
suspend the motor carrier's registration, he or she may enter an order 
directing the motor carrier to correct compliance deficiencies; or
    (iii) If the Agency Official determines the motor carrier's 
registration should not be suspended and a compliance order is not 
warranted, he or she will enter an order terminating the proceeding.
    (2) If the Agency Official issues an order to suspend the motor 
carrier's registration, the order will:
    (i) Provide notice to the motor carrier and any intervening 
person(s) of the right to petition for administrative review of the 
order within 15 days of service of the order suspending registration, 
and provide notice of the procedures in paragraph (e) of this section;
    (ii) Provide notice that a timely petition for administrative review 
will stay the effective date of the order unless the Assistant 
Administrator orders otherwise for good cause; and
    (iii) Provide notice that failure to timely serve a petition for 
administrative review constitutes waiver of the right to contest the 
order suspending the registration and will result in the order becoming 
a Final Agency Order 20 days after it is served.
    (e) Administrative review. The motor carrier or the intervening 
person(s) may petition the Assistant Administrator for review of an 
order issued under paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section. The petition 
must be in writing and served on the Assistant Administrator. Service on 
the Assistant Administrator is effected by delivering a copy to USDOT 
Dockets, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, West Building Ground 
Floor, Room 12-140, SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001 or by submitting the 
documents electronically to www.regulations.gov. The petition must also 
be served on all parties to the proceedings and on Adjudications 
Counsel, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey 
Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (1) A petition for review must be served within 15 days of the 
service date of the order for which review is requested. Failure to 
timely serve a request for review waives the right to request review.
    (2) A petition for review must include:
    (i) A copy of the order in dispute;
    (ii) A copy of the petitioner's response to the order in dispute, 
with supporting documents if any;
    (iii) A statement of all legal, factual and procedural issues in 
dispute; and
    (iv) Written argument in support of the petitioner's position 
regarding the legal, factual or procedural issues in dispute.
    (3) The Agency Official must serve a response to the petition for 
review no later than 15 days following receipt of the petition. The 
Agency Official must address each assignment of error by producing 
evidence or legal argument which supports the Agency Official's 
determination on that issue. The Agency Official's determination may be 
supported by circumstantial or direct evidence and the reasonable 
inferences drawn therefrom.
    (4) The Assistant Administrator's review is limited to the legal, 
factual and procedural issues identified in the petition for review. The 
Assistant Administrator may, however, ask the parties to submit 
additional information. If the

[[Page 340]]

petitioner does not provide the information requested, the Assistant 
Administrator may dismiss the petition for review.
    (5) The Assistant Administrator will serve a written decision on the 
petition for review within 60 days of the close of the time period for 
serving a response to the petition for review or the date of service of 
the response served under paragraph (e)(3), whichever is later.
    (6) If a petition for review is timely served in accordance with 
this section, the disputed order is stayed, pending the Assistant 
Administrator's review. The Assistant Administrator may enter an order 
vacating the automatic stay in accordance with the following procedures:
    (i) The Agency Official may file a motion to vacate the automatic 
stay demonstrating good cause why the order should not be stayed. The 
Agency Official's motion must be in writing, state the factual and legal 
basis for the motion, be accompanied by affidavits or other evidence 
relied on, and be served on all parties.
    (ii) Within 10 days of service of the motion to vacate the automatic 
stay, the petitioner may serve an answer in opposition, accompanied by 
affidavits or other evidence relied on.
    (iii) The Assistant Administrator will issue a decision on the 
motion to vacate within 10 days of the close of the time period for 
serving the answer to the motion. The 60-day period for a decision on 
the petition for review in paragraph (e)(5) of this section does not 
begin until the Assistant Administrator issues a decision on the motion 
to vacate the stay.
    (7) The Assistant Administrator's decision on a petition for review 
of an order issued under this section constitutes the Final Agency 
Order.



Sec.  385.913  Revocation proceedings.

    (a) General. The Agency Official may issue an order to revoke a 
motor carrier's registration, if he or she:
    (1) Makes a determination in accordance with Sec.  385.905(b), and
    (2) Determines that the motor carrier has willfully violated any 
order directing compliance with any statutory or regulatory requirement 
prescribed under 49 U.S.C., Chapter 311, subchapter III for a period of 
at least 30 days.
    (b) Commencement of proceedings. The Agency Official commences a 
proceeding under this section by serving an order to show cause to the 
motor carrier and, if the proceeding is based on the conduct of another 
person, by also serving a copy on the person alleged to have engaged in 
the pattern or practice that resulted in a proceeding instituted under 
this section, which:
    (1) Provides notice that the Agency is considering whether to revoke 
the motor carrier's registration;
    (2) Provides notice of the factual and legal basis for the order;
    (3) Directs the motor carrier to comply with a statute, regulation 
or condition of its registration;
    (4) Informs the motor carrier that the response to the order to show 
cause must be in writing, state the factual and legal basis for its 
response and include all documentation, if any, the motor carrier wants 
considered;
    (5) Informs the motor carrier of the address and name of the person 
to whom the response should be directed and served;
    (6) Provides notice to the person, if any, of his or her right to 
intervene in the proceeding within 30 days of service of the order; and
    (7) Informs the motor carrier that its registration may be revoked 
on the 35th day after service of the order issued under this section if 
the motor carrier or intervening person has not demonstrated, in 
writing, compliance with the order, or otherwise shown good cause why 
compliance is not required or the registration should not be revoked.
    (c) Right of individual person(s) to intervene. A person(s) alleged 
to have engaged in the pattern or practice that resulted in a proceeding 
instituted under this section may intervene in the proceeding. The 
person(s) may--but are not required to--serve a separate response and 
supporting documentation to an order served under paragraph (b) of this 
section, within 30 days of being served with the order. Failure to 
timely serve a response constitutes waiver of the right to intervene. If 
the Agency Official previously issued an order

[[Page 341]]

under Sec.  385.911 based on the same conduct, a person who was given 
the opportunity to but did not intervene under Sec.  385.911(c) may not 
intervene under this section.
    (d) Review of response. The Agency Official will review the 
response(s) to the order and determine whether the motor carrier's 
registration should be revoked.
    (1) The Agency Official will take one of the following actions:
    (i) If the Agency Official determines the motor carrier's 
registration should be revoked, he or she will enter an order revoking 
the motor carrier's registration; or
    (ii) If the Agency Official determines the motor carrier's 
registration should not be revoked, he or she will enter an order 
terminating the proceeding.
    (2) If the Agency Official issues an order to revoke the motor 
carrier's registration, the order will:
    (i) Provide notice to the motor carrier and any intervening 
person(s) of the right to petition for administrative review of the 
order within 15 days of service of the order revoking the motor 
carrier's registration, and provide notice of the procedures in Sec.  
385.911(e);
    (ii) Provide notice that a timely petition for review will stay the 
effective date of the order unless the Assistant Administrator orders 
otherwise for good cause; and
    (iii) Provide notice that failure to timely serve a petition for 
review constitutes waiver of the right to contest the order revoking the 
motor carrier's registration and will result in the order becoming a 
Final Agency Order 20 days after it is served.
    (iv) Provide notice that a Final Agency Order revoking the motor 
carrier's registration will remain in effect and bar approval of any 
subsequent application for registration until rescinded by the Agency 
Official pursuant to Sec.  385.915.
    (e) Administrative review. The motor carrier or intervening person 
may petition the Assistant Administrator for review of an order issued 
under paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section by following the procedures 
set forth in Sec.  385.911(e).



Sec.  385.915  Petitions for rescission.

    (a) A motor carrier or intervening person may submit a petition for 
rescission of an order suspending or revoking registration under this 
subpart based on action taken to correct the deficiencies that resulted 
in the suspension or revocation.
    (b) A petition for rescission must be made in writing to the Agency 
Official.
    (c) A petition for rescission must include a copy of the order 
suspending or revoking the motor carrier's registration, a factual 
statement identifying all corrective action taken, and copies of 
supporting documentation.
    (d) The Agency Official will issue a written decision on the 
petition within 60 days of service of the petition. The decision will 
state the factual and legal basis for the decision.
    (e) If the Agency Official grants the petition, the written decision 
under paragraph (d) is the Final Agency Order. Rescinding an order 
suspending a motor carrier's registration permits that motor carrier to 
resume operations so long as it is in compliance with all other 
statutory and regulatory requirements. Rescinding an order revoking a 
motor carrier's registration does not have the effect of reinstating the 
revoked registration. In order to resume operations in interstate 
commerce, the motor carrier whose registration was revoked must reapply 
for registration. If registration is granted, the motor carrier would 
also become subject to the new entrant regulations at 49 CFR part 385.
    (f) If the Agency Official denies the petition, the petitioner may 
petition the Assistant Administrator for review of the denial. The 
petition must be in writing and served on the Assistant Administrator. 
Service on the Assistant Administrator is effected by delivering a copy 
to USDOT Dockets, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, West 
Building Ground Floor, Room 12-140 SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001 or by 
submitting the documents electronically to www.regulations.gov. The 
petition must also be served on all parties to the proceedings and on 
Adjudications Counsel, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 
New Jersey Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590-

[[Page 342]]

0001. The petition for review of the denial must be served within 15 
days of the service of the decision denying the petition for rescission. 
The petition for review must identify the legal, factual or procedural 
issues in dispute with respect to the denial of the petition for 
rescission. The petition for review may not, however, challenge the 
basis of the underlying suspension or revocation order.
    (g) The Agency Official may file a written response within 15 days 
of receipt of the petition for review.
    (h) The Assistant Administrator will issue a written decision on the 
petition for review within 60 days of service of the petition for review 
or a timely served response, whichever is later. The Assistant 
Administrator's decision constitutes the Final Agency Order.



Sec.  385.917  Other orders unaffected; not exclusive remedy.

    If a motor carrier subject to an order issued under this subpart is 
or becomes subject to any other order, prohibition, or requirement of 
the FMCSA, an order issued under this subpart is in addition to, and 
does not amend or supersede the other order, prohibition, or 
requirement. Nothing in this subpart precludes FMCSA from taking action 
against any motor carrier under 49 U.S.C. 13905 or 49 U.S.C. 31134 for 
other conduct amounting to willful failure to comply with an applicable 
statute, regulation or FMCSA order.



Sec.  385.919  Penalties.

    (a) Any motor carrier that the Agency determines engages or has 
engaged in a pattern or practice of avoiding regulatory compliance or 
masking noncompliance or violates an order issued under this subpart 
shall be subject to the civil or criminal penalty provisions of 49 
U.S.C. 521(b) and applicable regulations.
    (b) Any motor carrier who permits the exercise of controlling 
influence over its operations by any person that the Agency determines, 
under this subpart, engages in or has engaged in a pattern or practice 
of avoiding regulatory compliance or masking noncompliance while acting 
on behalf of any motor carrier, shall be subject to the civil or 
criminal penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. 521(b) and applicable 
regulations.



Sec.  385.921  Service and computation of time.

    Service of documents and computations of time will be made in 
accordance with Sec. Sec.  386.6 and 386.8 of this subchapter. All 
documents that are required to be served or filed must be served or 
filed with a certificate of service.



                     Subpart L_Reincarnated Carriers

    Source: 79 FR 3540, Jan. 22, 2014, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  385.1001  Applicability.

    The requirements in this subpart apply to for-hire motor carriers 
registered or required to be registered under 49 U.S.C. 13902, 49 CFR 
part 365, and 49 CFR part 368.



Sec.  385.1003  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart:
    Agency Official means the FMCSA employee with delegated authority 
under this subpart.
    Registration means the registration required under 49 U.S.C. 13902, 
49 CFR part 365, and 49 CFR part 368.
    Reincarnated or affiliated motor carriers means motor carriers with 
common ownership, common management, common control or common familial 
relationship.

[79 FR 3540, Jan. 22, 2014, as amended at 86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  385.1005  Prohibition.

    Two or more motor carriers shall not use common ownership, common 
management, common control, or common familial relationship to enable 
any or all such motor carriers to avoid compliance, or mask or otherwise 
conceal non-compliance, or a history of non-compliance, with statutory 
or regulatory requirements prescribed under 49 U.S.C. Chapter 311, 
subchapter III, or with an order issued under such requirements.



Sec.  385.1007  Determination of violation.

    (a) General. The Agency Official may issue an order to suspend or 
revoke the

[[Page 343]]

registration of one or more motor carriers if he or she determines that 
the motor carrier or motor carriers have reincarnated or affiliated to 
avoid regulatory compliance or mask or otherwise conceal regulatory 
noncompliance, or a history of noncompliance.
    (b) Reincarnation or affiliation. The Agency Official may determine 
that one or more motor carriers are reincarnated if there is substantial 
continuity between entities such that one is merely a continuation of 
the other. The Agency Official may determine that motor carriers are 
affiliates if business operations are under common ownership, common 
management, common control or common familial relationship. To make 
these determinations, the Agency Official may consider, among other 
things, the factors in 49 CFR 386.73(c) and examine, among other things, 
the records identified in 49 CFR 386.73(d).
    (c) Regulatory noncompliance. The Agency Official may determine that 
a motor carrier or its officer, employee, agent, or authorized 
representative, avoids regulatory compliance or masks or otherwise 
conceals regulatory noncompliance, or a history of noncompliance by 
operating or attempting to operate a motor carrier as a reincarnated or 
affiliated entity to:
    (1) Avoid complying with an FMCSA order;
    (2) Avoid complying with a statutory or regulatory requirement;
    (3) Avoid paying a civil penalty;
    (4) Avoid responding to an enforcement action; or
    (5) Avoid being linked with a negative compliance history.



Sec.  385.1009  Suspension proceedings.

    (a) General. The Agency Official may issue an order to suspend a 
motor carrier's registration based on a determination made in accordance 
with Sec.  385.1007.
    (b) Commencement of proceedings. The Agency Official may commence a 
proceeding under this section by serving an order to one or more motor 
carriers which:
    (1) Provides notice that the Agency is considering whether to 
suspend the motor carrier's registration;
    (2) Provides notice of the factual and legal basis for the order;
    (3) Directs the motor carrier to comply with a regulation or 
condition of its registration;
    (4) Informs the motor carrier that the response to the order must be 
in writing, state the factual or legal basis for its response, and 
include all documentation, if any, the motor carrier wants considered;
    (5) Informs the motor carrier of the address and name of the person 
to whom the response should be directed and served;
    (6) Informs the motor carrier that its registration may be suspended 
on the 35th day after service of the order issued under this section if 
the motor carrier has not demonstrated, in writing, compliance with any 
compliance directive issued, or otherwise shown good cause why 
compliance is not required or the registration should not be suspended.
    (c) Review of response. The Agency Official will review the 
responses to the order and determine whether the motor carrier's 
registration should be suspended.
    (1) The Agency Official will take one of the following actions:
    (i) If the Agency Official determines the motor carrier's 
registration should be suspended, he or she will enter an order 
suspending the motor carrier's registration; or
    (ii) If the Agency Official determines the motor carrier's 
registration should not be suspended, he or she will enter an order 
terminating the proceeding.
    (2) If the Agency Official issues an order to suspend the motor 
carrier's registration, the order will:
    (i) Provide notice to the motor carrier of the right to petition the 
Assistant Administrator for review of the order within 15 days of 
service of the order suspending the registration, and provide notice of 
the procedures in Sec.  385.911(e);
    (ii) Provide notice that a timely petition for review will stay the 
effective date of the order unless the Assistant Administrator orders 
otherwise for good cause; and
    (iii) Provide notice that failure to timely serve a petition for 
review constitutes waiver of the right to contest

[[Page 344]]

the order suspending the motor carrier's registration and will result in 
the order becoming a Final Agency Order 20 days after it is served.
    (iv) Provide notice that a Final Agency Order suspending the motor 
carrier's registration will remain in effect and bar approval of any 
subsequent application for registration until rescinded by the Agency 
Official pursuant to Sec.  385.1013.
    (d) Administrative Review. The motor carrier may petition the 
Assistant Administrator for review of an order issued under paragraph 
(c)(1)(i) of this section by following the procedures set forth in Sec.  
385.911(e).



Sec.  385.1011  Revocation proceedings.

    (a) General. The Agency Official may issue an order to revoke a 
motor carrier's registration, if he or she:
    (1) Makes a determination in accordance with Sec.  385.1007, and
    (2) Determines that the motor carrier has willfully violated an 
order directing compliance for a period of at least 30 days.
    (b) Commencement of proceedings. The Agency Official commences a 
proceeding under this section by serving an order to one or more motor 
carriers, which:
    (1) Provides notice that the Agency is considering whether to revoke 
the motor carrier's registration;
    (2) Provides notice of the factual and legal basis for the order;
    (3) Directs the motor carrier to comply with a statute, regulation 
or condition of its registration;
    (4) Informs the motor carrier that the response to the show cause 
order must be in writing, state the factual or legal basis for its 
response, and include all documentation, if any, the motor carrier wants 
considered;
    (5) Informs the motor carrier of the address and name of the person 
to whom the response should be directed and served; and
    (6) Informs the motor carrier that its registration may be revoked 
on the 35th day after service of the order issued under this section if 
the motor carrier has not demonstrated, in writing, compliance with any 
order directing compliance, or otherwise shown good cause why compliance 
is not required or the registration should not be revoked.
    (c) Review of response. The Agency Official will review the 
response(s) to the order and determine whether the motor carrier's 
registration should be revoked.
    (1) The Agency Official will take one of the following actions:
    (i) If the Agency Official determines the motor carrier's 
registration should be revoked, he or she will enter an order revoking 
the motor carrier's registration; or
    (ii) If the Agency Official determines the motor carrier's 
registration should not be revoked, he or she will enter an order 
terminating the proceeding.
    (2) If the Agency Official issues an order to revoke the motor 
carrier's registration, the order will:
    (i) Provide notice to the motor carrier and any intervening 
person(s) of the right to petition the Assistant Administrator for 
review of the order within 15 days of service of the order revoking the 
motor carrier's registration, and provide notice of the procedures in 
Sec.  385.911(e);
    (ii) Provide notice that a timely petition for review will stay the 
effective date of the order unless the Assistant Administrator orders 
otherwise for good cause; and
    (iii) Provide notice that failure to timely serve a petition for 
review constitutes waiver of the right to contest the order revoking the 
motor carrier's registration and will result in the order becoming a 
Final Agency Order 20 days after it is served.
    (iv) Provide notice that a Final Agency Order revoking the motor 
carrier's registration will remain in effect and bar approval of any 
subsequent application for registration until rescinded by the Agency 
Official pursuant to Sec.  385.1013.
    (d) Administrative review. The motor carrier or intervening person 
may petition the Assistant Administrator for review of an order issued 
under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section by following the procedures 
set forth in Sec.  385.911(e).

[[Page 345]]



Sec.  385.1013  Petitions for rescission.

    A motor carrier may submit a petition for rescission of an order 
suspending or revoking registration under this subpart by following the 
procedures set forth in Sec.  385.915.



Sec.  385.1015  Other orders unaffected; not exclusive remedy.

    If a motor carrier subject to an order issued under this subpart is 
or becomes subject to any other order, prohibition, or requirement of 
the FMCSA, an order issued under this subpart is in addition to, and 
does not amend or supersede the other order, prohibition, or 
requirement. Nothing in this subpart precludes FMCSA from taking action 
against any motor carrier under 49 U.S.C. 13905 for other conduct 
amounting to willful failure to comply with an applicable statute, 
regulation or FMCSA order.



Sec.  385.1017  Penalties.

    Any motor carrier that the Agency determines to be in violation of 
this subpart shall be subject to the civil or criminal penalty 
provisions of 49 U.S.C. 521(b) and applicable regulations.



Sec.  385.1019  Service and computation of time.

    Service of documents and computations of time will be made in 
accordance with Sec. Sec.  386.6 and 386.8 of this subchapter. All 
documents that are required to be served or filed must be served or 
filed with a certificate of service.





  Sec. Appendix A to Part 385--Explanation of Safety Audit Evaluation 
                                Criteria

                               I. General

    (a) Section 210 of the Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act (49 
U.S.C. 31144) directed the Secretary to establish a procedure whereby 
each owner and each operator granted new authority must undergo a safety 
review within 12 months after receipt of its US DOT number for motor 
carriers of property and 120 days for motor carriers of passengers. The 
Secretary was also required to establish the elements of this safety 
review, including basic safety management controls. The Secretary, in 
turn, delegated this to the FMCSA.
    (b) To meet the safety standard, a motor carrier must demonstrate to 
the FMCSA that it has basic safety management controls in place which 
function adequately to ensure minimum acceptable compliance with the 
applicable safety requirements. A ``safety audit evaluation criteria'' 
was developed by the FMCSA, which uses data from the safety audit and 
roadside inspections to determine that each owner and each operator 
applicant for new entrant registration, provisional operating authority, 
or provisional Certificate of Registration has basic safety management 
controls in place. The term ``safety audit'' is the equivalent to the 
``safety review'' required by Sec. 210. Using ``safety audit'' avoids 
any possible confusion with the safety reviews previously conducted by 
the agency that were discontinued on September 30, 1994.
    (c) The safety audit evaluation process developed by the FMCSA is 
used to:
    1. Evaluate basic safety management controls and determine if each 
owner and each operator is able to operate safely in interstate 
commerce; and
    2. Identify owners and operators who are having safety problems and 
need improvement in their compliance with the FMCSRs and the HMRs, 
before they are granted permanent registration.

     II. Source of the Data for the Safety Audit Evaluation Criteria

    (a) The FMCSA's evaluation criteria are built upon the operational 
tool known as the safety audit. This tool was developed to assist 
auditors and investigators in assessing the adequacy of a new entrant's 
basic safety management controls.
    (b) The safety audit is a review of a Mexico-domiciled or new 
entrant motor carrier's operation and is used to:
    1. Determine if a carrier has the basic safety management controls 
required by 49 U.S.C. 31144;
    2. Meet the requirements of Section 350 of the DOT Appropriations 
Act; and
    3. In the event that a carrier is found not to be in compliance with 
applicable FMCSRs and HMRs, the safety audit can be used to educate the 
carrier on how to comply with U.S. safety rules.
    (c) Documents such as those contained in the driver qualification 
files, records of duty status, vehicle maintenance records, and other 
records are reviewed for compliance with the FMCSRs and HMRs. Violations 
are cited on the safety audit. Performance-based information, when 
available, is utilized to evaluate the carrier's compliance with the 
vehicle regulations. Recordable accident information is also collected.

[[Page 346]]

  III. Determining if the Carrier Has Basic Safety Management Controls

    (a) During the safety audit, the FMCSA gathers information by 
reviewing a motor carrier's compliance with ``acute'' and ``critical'' 
regulations of the FMCSRs and HMRs.
    (b) Acute regulations are those where noncompliance is so severe as 
to require immediate corrective actions by a motor carrier regardless of 
the overall basic safety management controls of the motor carrier.
    (c) Critical regulations are those where noncompliance relates to 
management and/or operational controls. These are indicative of 
breakdowns in a carrier's management controls.
    (d) The list of the acute and critical regulations, which are used 
in determining if a carrier has basic safety management controls in 
place, is included in Appendix B, VII. List of Acute and Critical 
Regulations.
    (e) Noncompliance with acute and critical regulations are indicators 
of inadequate safety management controls and usually higher than average 
accident rates.
    (f) Parts of the FMCSRs and the HMRs having similar characteristics 
are combined together into six regulatory areas called ``factors.'' The 
regulatory factors, evaluated on the basis of the adequacy of the 
carrier's safety management controls, are:
    1. Factor 1--General: Parts 387 and 390;
    2. Factor 2--Driver: Parts 382, 383 and 391;
    3. Factor 3--Operational: Parts 392 and 395;
    4. Factor 4--Vehicle: Part 393, 396 and inspection data for the last 
12 months;
    5. Factor 5--Hazardous Materials: Parts 171, 177, 180 and 397; and
    6. Factor 6--Accident: Recordable Accident Rate per Million Miles.
    (g) For each instance of noncompliance with an acute regulation, 1.5 
points will be assessed.
    (h) For each instance of noncompliance with a critical regulation, 1 
point will be assessed.
    (i) FMCSA also gathers information on compliance with applicable 
household goods and Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 
requirements, but failure to comply with these requirements does not 
affect the determination of the adequacy of basic safety management 
controls.

                            A. Vehicle Factor

    (a) When at least three vehicle inspections are recorded in the 
Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS) during the twelve 
months before the safety audit or performed at the time of the review, 
the Vehicle Factor (Part 396) will be evaluated on the basis of the Out-
of-Service (OOS) rates and noncompliance with acute and critical 
regulations. The results of the review of the OOS rate will affect the 
Vehicle Factor as follows:
    1. If the motor carrier has had at least three roadside inspections 
in the twelve months before the safety audit, and the vehicle OOS rate 
is 34 percent or higher, one point will be assessed against the carrier. 
That point will be added to any other points assessed for discovered 
noncompliance with acute and critical regulations of part 396 to 
determine the carrier's level of safety management control for that 
factor; and
    2. If the motor carrier's vehicle OOS rate is less than 34 percent, 
or if there are less than three inspections, the determination of the 
carrier's level of safety management controls will only be based on 
discovered noncompliance with the acute and critical regulations of part 
396.
    (b) Over two million inspections occur on the roadside each year. 
This vehicle inspection information is retained in the MCMIS and is 
integral to evaluating motor carriers' ability to successfully maintain 
their vehicles, thus preventing them from being placed OOS during 
roadside inspections. Each safety audit will continue to have the 
requirements of part 396, Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance, reviewed 
as indicated by the above explanation.

                         B. The Accident Factor

    (a) In addition to the five regulatory factors, a sixth factor is 
included in the process to address the accident history of the motor 
carrier. This factor is the recordable accident rate, which the carrier 
has experienced during the past 12 months. Recordable accident, as 
defined in 49 CFR 390.5, means an accident involving a commercial motor 
vehicle operating on a public road in interstate or intrastate commerce 
which results in a fatality; a bodily injury to a person who, as a 
result of the injury, immediately receives medical treatment away from 
the scene of the accident; or one or more motor vehicles incurring 
disabling damage as a result of the accident requiring the motor vehicle 
to be transported away from the scene by a tow truck or other motor 
vehicle.
    (b) Experience has shown that urban carriers, those motor carriers 
operating entirely within a radius of less than 100 air miles (normally 
urban areas), have a higher exposure to accident situations because of 
their environment and normally have higher accident rates.
    (c) The recordable accident rate will be used in determining the 
carrier's basic safety management controls in Factor 6, Accident. It 
will be used only when a carrier incurs two or more recordable accidents 
within the 12 months before the safety audit. An urban carrier (a 
carrier operating entirely within a radius of 100 air miles) with a 
recordable rate per million miles greater than 1.7 will be deemed to 
have inadequate basic safety management controls for the accident 
factor. All other carriers with a recordable accident

[[Page 347]]

rate per million miles greater than 1.5 will be deemed to have 
inadequate basic safety management controls for the accident factor. The 
rates are the result of roughly doubling the national average accident 
rate in Fiscal Years 1994, 1995, and 1996.
    (d) The FMCSA will continue to consider preventability when a new 
entrant contests the evaluation of the accident factor by presenting 
compelling evidence that the recordable rate is not a fair means of 
evaluating its accident factor. Preventability will be determined 
according to the following standard: ``If a driver, who exercises normal 
judgment and foresight, could have foreseen the possibility of the 
accident that in fact occurred, and avoided it by taking steps within 
his/her control which would not have risked causing another kind of 
mishap, the accident was preventable.''

                            C. Factor Ratings

    For Factors 1 through 5, if the combined violations of acute and or 
critical regulations for each factor is equal to three or more points, 
the carrier is determined not to have basic safety management controls 
for that individual factor.
    If the recordable accident rate is greater than 1.7 recordable 
accidents per million miles for an urban carrier (1.5 for all other 
carriers), the carrier is determined to have inadequate basic safety 
management controls.

   IV. Overall Determination of the Carrier's Basic Safety Management 
                                Controls

    (a) If the carrier is evaluated as having inadequate basic safety 
management controls in at least three separate factors, the carrier will 
be considered to have inadequate safety management controls in place and 
corrective action will be necessary in order to avoid having its new 
entrant registration, provisional operating authority, or provisional 
Certificate of Registration revoked.
    (b) For example, FMCSA evaluates a carrier finding:
    (1) One instance of noncompliance with a critical regulation in part 
387 scoring one point for Factor 1;
    (2) Two instances of noncompliance with acute regulations in part 
382 scoring three points for Factor 2;
    (3) Three instances of noncompliance with critical regulations in 
part 396 scoring three points for Factor 4; and
    (4) Three instances of noncompliance with acute regulations in parts 
171 and 397 scoring four and one-half (4.5) points for Factor 5.
    (c) In this example, the carrier scored three or more points for 
Factors 2, 4 and 5 and FMCSA determined the carrier had inadequate basic 
safety management controls in at least three separate factors. FMCSA 
will require corrective action in order to avoid having the carrier's 
new entrant registration revoked, or having the provisional operating 
authority or provisional Certificate of Registration suspended and 
possibly revoked.

[67 FR 12773, Mar. 19, 2002, as amended a6 67 FR 31985, May 13, 2002; 73 
FR 76496, Dec. 16, 2008; 78 FR 60232, Oct. 1, 2013]



    Sec. Appendix B to Part 385--Explanation of Safety Rating Process

    (a) Section 215 of the Motor Carrier Safety Act of 1984 (49 U.S.C. 
31144) directed the Secretary of Transportation to establish a procedure 
to determine the safety fitness of owners and operators of commercial 
motor vehicles operating in interstate or foreign commerce. The 
Secretary, in turn, delegated this responsibility to the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA).
    (b) As directed, FMCSA promulgated a safety fitness regulation, 
entitled ``Safety Fitness Procedures,'' which established a procedure to 
determine the safety fitness of motor carriers through the assignment of 
safety ratings and established a ``safety fitness standard'' which a 
motor carrier must meet to obtain a satisfactory safety rating.
    (c) To meet the safety fitness standard, a motor carrier must 
demonstrate to the FMCSA that it has adequate safety management controls 
in place which function effectively to ensure acceptable compliance with 
the applicable safety requirements. A ``safety fitness methodology'' 
(SFRM) was developed by the FMCSA, which uses data from compliance 
reviews (CRs) and roadside inspections to rate motor carriers.
    (d) The safety rating process developed by FMCSA is used to:
    1. Evaluate safety fitness and assign one of three safety ratings 
(satisfactory, conditional, or unsatisfactory) to motor carriers 
operating in interstate commerce. This process conforms to 49 CFR 385.5, 
Safety fitness standard, and Sec.  385.7, Factors to be considered in 
determining a safety rating.
    2. Identify motor carriers needing improvement in their compliance 
with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) and 
applicable Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs). These are carriers 
rated unsatisfactory or conditional.
    2. Identify motor carriers needing improvement in their compliance 
with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) and 
applicable Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs). These are carriers 
rated Unsatisfactory or Conditional.
    (e) The hazardous materials safety permit requirements of part 385, 
subpart E apply to intrastate motor carriers. Intrastate motor carriers 
that are subject to the hazardous materials safety permit requirements 
in subpart E will be rated using equivalent State

[[Page 348]]

requirements whenever the FMCSRs are referenced in this appendix.
    (f) The safety rating will be determined by applying the SFRM 
equally to all of a company's motor carrier operations in commerce, 
including if applicable its operations in Canada and/or Mexico.

                I. Source of Data for Rating Methodology

    (a) The FMCSA's rating process is built upon the operational tool 
known as the CR. This tool was developed to assist Federal and State 
safety specialists in gathering pertinent motor carrier compliance and 
accident information.
    (b) The CR is an in-depth examination of a motor carrier's 
operations and is used (1) to rate unrated motor carriers, (2) to 
conduct a follow-up investigation on motor carriers rated unsatisfactory 
or conditional as a result of a previous review, (3) to investigate 
complaints, or (4) in response to a request by a motor carrier to 
reevaluate its safety rating. Documents such as those contained in 
driver qualification files, records of duty status, vehicle maintenance 
records, and other records are thoroughly examined for compliance with 
the FMCSRs and HMRs. Violations are cited on the CR document. 
Performance-based information, when available, is utilized to evaluate 
the carrier's compliance with the vehicle regulations. Recordable 
accident information is also collected.

           II. Converting CR Information Into a Safety Rating

    (a) The FMCSA gathers information through an in-depth examination of 
the motor carrier's compliance with identified ``acute'' or ``critical'' 
regulations of the FMCSRs and HMRs.
    (b) Acute regulations are those identified as such where 
noncompliance is so severe as to require immediate corrective actions by 
a motor carrier regardless of the overall safety posture of the motor 
carrier. An example of an acute regulation is Sec.  383.37(b), allowing, 
requiring, permitting, or authorizing an employee with more than one 
Commercial Driver's License (CDL) to operate a commercial motor vehicle. 
Noncompliance with Sec.  383.37(b) is usually discovered when the motor 
carrier's driver qualification file reflects that the motor carrier had 
knowledge of a driver with more than one CDL, and still permitted the 
driver to operate a commercial motor vehicle. If the motor carrier did 
not have such knowledge or could not reasonably be expected to have such 
knowledge, then a violation would not be cited.
    (c) Critical regulations are those identified as such where 
noncompliance relates to management and/or operational controls. These 
are indicative of breakdowns in a carrier's management controls. An 
example of a critical regulation is Sec.  395.3(a)(1), requiring or 
permitting a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver to drive 
more than 11 hours.
    (d) The list of the acute and critical regulations which are used in 
determining safety ratings is included at the end of this document.
    (e) Noncompliance with acute regulations and patterns of non-
compliance with critical regulations are quantitatively linked to 
inadequate safety management controls and usually higher than average 
accident rates. The FMCSA has used noncompliance with acute regulations 
and patterns of noncompliance with critical regulations since 1989 to 
determine motor carriers' adherence to the Safety fitness standard in 
Sec.  385.5.
    (f) The regulatory factors, evaluated on the basis of the adequacy 
of the carrier's safety management controls, are: (1) Parts 172 and 173; 
(2) Parts 387 and 390; (3) Parts 382, 383, and 391; (4) Parts 392 and 
395; (5) Parts 393 and 396 when there are less than three vehicle 
inspections in the last 12 months to evaluate; and (6) Parts 397, 171, 
177 and 180.
    (g) For each instance of noncompliance with an acute regulation or 
each pattern of noncompliance with a critical regulation during the CR, 
one point will be assessed. A pattern is more than one violation. When a 
number of documents are reviewed, the number of violations required to 
meet a pattern is equal to at least 10 percent of those examined.
    (h) However, each pattern of noncompliance with a critical 
regulation relative to Part 395, Hours of Service of Drivers, will be 
assessed two points.

                            A. Vehicle Factor

    (a) When a total of three or more inspections are recorded in the 
Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS) during the twelve 
months prior to the CR or performed at the time of the review, the 
Vehicle Factor (Parts 393 and 396) will be evaluated on the basis of the 
Out-of-Service (OOS) rates and noncompliance with acute regulations and/
or a pattern of noncompliance with critical regulations. The results of 
the review of the OOS rate will affect the Vehicle Factor rating as 
follows:
    1. If a motor carrier has three or more roadside vehicle inspections 
in the twelve months prior to the carrier review, or three vehicles 
inspected at the time of the review, or a combination of the two 
totaling three or more, and the vehicle OOS rate is 34 percent or 
greater, the initial factor rating will be conditional. The requirements 
of Part 396, Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance, will be examined 
during each review. The results of the examination could lower the 
factor rating to unsatisfactory if noncompliance with an acute 
regulation or a pattern of noncompliance with a critical regulation is 
discovered. If the examination of the Part 396

[[Page 349]]

requirements reveals no such problems with the systems the motor carrier 
is required to maintain for compliance, the Vehicle Factor remains 
conditional.
    2. If a carrier's vehicle OOS rate is less than 34 percent, the 
initial factor rating will be satisfactory. If noncompliance with an 
acute regulation or a pattern of noncompliance with a critical 
regulation is discovered during the examination of Part 396 
requirements, the factor rating will be lowered to conditional. If the 
examination of Part 396 requirements discovers no such problems with the 
systems the motor carrier is required to maintain for compliance, the 
Vehicle Factor remains satisfactory.
    (b) Nearly two million vehicle inspections occur on the roadside 
each year. This vehicle inspection information is retained in the MCMIS 
and is integral to evaluating motor carriers' ability to successfully 
maintain their vehicles, thus preventing them from being placed OOS 
during roadside inspections. Since many of the roadside inspections are 
targeted to visibly defective vehicles and since there are a limited 
number of inspections for many motor carriers, the use of that data is 
limited. Each CR will continue to have the requirements of Part 396, 
Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance, reviewed as indicated by the above 
explanation.

                           B. Accident Factor

    (a) In addition to the five regulatory rating factors, a sixth 
factor is included in the process to address the accident history of the 
motor carrier. This factor is the recordable accident rate for the past 
12 months. A recordable accident, consistent with the definition for 
``accident'' in 49 CFR 390.5, means an occurrence involving a commercial 
motor vehicle on a highway in motor carrier operations in commerce or 
within Canada or Mexico (if the motor carrier also operates in the 
United States) that results in a fatality; in bodily injury to a person 
who, as a result of the injury, immediately receives medical treatment 
away from the scene of the accident; or in one or more motor vehicles 
incurring disabling damage that requires the motor vehicle to be 
transported away from the scene by a tow truck or other motor vehicle.
    (b) Recordable accidents per million miles were computed for each CR 
performed in Fiscal Years 1994,1995 and 1996. The national average for 
all carriers rated was 0.747, and .839 for carriers operating entirely 
within the 100 air mile radius.
    (c) Experience has shown that urban carriers, those motor carriers 
operating primarily within a radius of less than 100 air miles (normally 
in urban areas) have a higher exposure to accident situations because of 
their environment and normally have higher accident rates.
    (d) The recordable accident rate will be used to rate Factor 6, 
Accident. It will be used only when a motor carrier incurs two or more 
recordable accidents occurred within the 12 months prior to the CR. An 
urban carrier (a carrier operating entirely within a radius of 100 air 
miles) with a recordable accident rate greater than 1.7 will receive an 
unsatisfactory rating for the accident factor. All other carriers with a 
recordable accident rate greater than 1.5 will receive an unsatisfactory 
factor rating. The rates are a result of roughly doubling the national 
average accident rate for each type of carrier rated in Fiscal Years 
1994, 1995 and 1996.
    (e) The FMCSA will continue to consider preventability when a motor 
carrier contests a rating by presenting compelling evidence that the 
recordable rate is not a fair means of evaluating its accident factor. 
Preventability will be determined according to the following standard: 
``If a driver, who exercises normal judgment and foresight could have 
foreseen the possibility of the accident that in fact occurred, and 
avoided it by taking steps within his/her control which would not have 
risked causing another kind of mishap, the accident was preventable.''

                            C. Factor Ratings

    (a) Parts of the FMCSRs and the HMRs having similar characteristics 
are combined together into five regulatory areas called ``factors.''
    (b) The following table shows the five regulatory factors, parts of 
the FMCSRs and HMRs associated with each factor, and the accident 
factor. Factor Ratings are determined as follows:

                                 Factors

Factor 1 General = Parts 387 and 390
Factor 2 Driver = Parts 382, 383 and 391
Factor 3 Operational = Parts 392 and 395
Factor 4 Vehicle = Parts 393 and 396
Factor 5 Haz. Mat. = Parts 397, 171, 177 and 180
Factor 6 Accident Factor = Recordable Rate

``Satisfactory''--if the acute and/or critical = 0 points
``Conditional''--if the acute and/or critical = 1 point
``Unsatisfactory''--if the acute and/or critical = 2 or more points

                           III. Safety Rating

                             A. Rating Table

    (a) The ratings for the six factors are then entered into a rating 
table which establishes the motor carrier's safety rating.
    (b) The FMCSA has developed a computerized rating formula for 
assessing the information obtained from the CR document and

[[Page 350]]

is using that formula in assigning a safety rating.

                    Motor Carrier Safety Rating Table
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Factor ratings
-----------------------------------------------------   Overall Safety
         Unsatisfactory               Conditional           rating
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0...............................  2 or fewer........  Satisfactory
0...............................  more than 2.......  Conditional
1...............................  2 or fewer........  Conditional
1...............................  more than 2.......  Unsatisfactory
2 or more.......................  0 or more.........  Unsatisfactory
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        B. Proposed Safety Rating

    (a) The proposed safety rating will appear on the CR. The following 
appropriate information will appear after the last entry on the CR, MCS-
151, part B.
    ``Your proposed safety rating is SATISFACTORY.''

                                   OR

    ``Your proposed safety rating is CONDITIONAL.'' The proposed safety 
rating will become the final safety rating 45 days after you receive 
this notice.

                                   OR

    ``Your proposed safety rating is UNSATISFACTORY.'' The proposed 
safety rating will become the final safety rating 45 days after you 
receive this notice
    (b) Proposed safety ratings of conditional or unsatisfactory will 
list the deficiencies discovered during the CR for which corrective 
actions must be taken.
    (c) Proposed unsatisfactory safety ratings will indicate that, if 
the unsatisfactory rating becomes final, the motor carrier will be 
subject to the provision of Sec.  385.13, which prohibits motor carriers 
rated unsatisfactory from transporting hazardous materials requiring 
placarding or more than 15 passengers, including the driver.

        IV. Assignment of Final Rating/Motor Carrier Notification

    When the official rating is determined in Washington, D.C., the 
FMCSA notifies the motor carrier in writing of its safety rating as 
prescribed in Sec.  385.11. A proposed conditional safety rating (which 
is an improvement of an existing unsatisfactory rating) becomes 
effective as soon as the official safety rating from Washington, D.C. is 
issued, and the carrier may also avail itself of relief under the Sec.  
385.15, Administrative Review and Sec.  385.17, Change to safety rating 
based on corrective actions.

        V. Motor Carrier Rights to a Change in the Safety Rating

    Under Sec. Sec.  385.15 and 385.17, motor carriers have the right to 
petition for a review of their ratings if there are factual or 
procedural disputes, and to request another review after corrective 
actions have been taken. They are the procedural avenues a motor carrier 
which believes its safety rating to be in error may exercise, and the 
means to request another review after corrective action has been taken.

                             VI. Conclusion

    (a) The FMCSA believes this ``safety fitness rating methodology'' is 
a reasonable approach for assigning a safety rating which best describes 
the current safety fitness posture of a motor carrier as required by the 
safety fitness regulations (Sec.  385.9). This methodology has the 
capability to incorporate regulatory changes as they occur.
    (b) Improved compliance with the regulations leads to an improved 
rating, which in turn increases safety. This increased safety is our 
regulatory goal.

              VII. List of Acute and Critical Regulations.

Sec.  382.115(a) Failing to implement an alcohol and/or controlled 
substances testing program (domestic motor carrier) (acute).
Sec.  382.115(b) Failing to implement an alcohol and/or controlled 
substances testing program (foreign motor carrier) (acute).
Sec.  382.201 Using a driver known to have an alcohol concentration of 
0.04 or greater (acute).
Sec.  382.211 Using a driver who has refused to submit to an alcohol or 
controlled substances test required under part 382 (acute).
Sec.  382.213(c) Using a driver known to have used a controlled 
substance (acute).
Sec.  382.215 Using a driver known to have tested positive for a 
controlled substance (acute).
Sec.  382.301(a) Using a driver before the motor carrier has received a 
negative pre-employment controlled substance test result (critical).
Sec.  382.303(a) Failing to conduct post accident testing on driver for 
alcohol (critical).
Sec.  382.303(b) Failing to conduct post accident testing on driver for 
controlled substances (critical).
Sec.  382.305(a) Failing to implement a random controlled substances 
and/or an alcohol testing program (acute).
Sec.  382.305(b)(1) Failing to conduct random alcohol testing at an 
annual rate of not less than the applicable annual rate of the average 
number of driver positions (critical).
Sec.  382.305(b)(2) Failing to conduct random controlled substances 
testing at an annual rate of not less than the applicable annual rate of 
the average number of driver positions (critical).
Sec.  382.309 Using a driver who has not undergone return-to-duty 
testing with a negative drug test result and/or an alcohol test

[[Page 351]]

with an alcohol concentration of less than 0.02 in accordance with 49 
CFR 40.305 (acute).
Sec.  382.503 Allowing a driver to perform safety sensitive function, 
after engaging in conduct prohibited by subpart B, without being 
evaluated by substance abuse professional, as required by Sec.  382.605 
(critical).
Sec.  382.505(a) Using a driver within 24 hours after being found to 
have an alcohol concentration of 0.02 or greater but less than 0.04 
(acute).
Sec.  382.605 Failing to subject a driver who has been identified as 
needing assistance to at least six unannounced follow-up drug and/or 
alcohol tests in the first 12 months following the driver's return-to-
duty in accordance with 49 CFR 40.307 (critical).
Sec.  383.23(a) Operating a commercial motor vehicle without a valid 
commercial driver's license (critical).
Sec.  383.37(a) Allowing, requiring, permitting, or authorizing a driver 
to operate a CMV who the employer knew or should reasonably have known 
does not have a current CLP or CDL, does not have a CLP or CDL with the 
proper class or endorsements, or operates a CMV in violation of any 
restriction on the CLP or CDL (acute).
Sec.  383.37(b) Allowing, requiring, permitting, or authorizing a driver 
to operate a CMV who the employer knew or should reasonably have known 
has a CLP or CDL disqualified by a State, has lost the right to operate 
a CMV in a State, or has been disqualified (acute).
Sec.  383.37(c) Allowing, requiring, permitting, or authorizing a driver 
to operate a CMV who the employer knew or should reasonably have known 
has more than one CLP or CDL (acute).
Sec.  383.51(a) Knowingly allowing, requiring, permitting, or 
authorizing a driver to drive who is disqualified to drive a commercial 
motor vehicle (acute).
Sec.  387.7(a) Operating a motor vehicle without having in effect the 
required minimum levels of financial responsibility coverage (acute).
Sec.  387.7(d) Failing to maintain at principal place of business 
required proof of financial responsibility (critical).
Sec.  387.31(a) Operating a passenger carrying vehicle without having in 
effect the required minimum levels of financial responsibility (acute).
Sec.  387.31(d) Failing to maintain at principal place of business 
required proof of financial responsibility for passenger carrying 
vehicles (critical).
Sec.  390.15(b)(2) Failing to maintain copies of all accident reports 
required by State or other governmental entities or insurers (critical).
Sec.  390.35 Making, or causing to make fraudulent or intentionally 
false statements or records and/or reproducing fraudulent records 
(acute).
Sec.  391.11(b)(4) Using a physically unqualified driver (acute).
Sec.  391.15(a) Using a disqualified driver (acute).
Sec.  391.45(a) Using a driver not medically examined and certified 
(critical).
Sec.  391.45(b) Using a driver not medically examined and certified 
during the preceding 24 months (critical).
Sec.  391.51(a) Failing to maintain driver qualification file on each 
driver employed (critical).
Sec.  391.51(b)(2) Failing to maintain inquiries into driver's driving 
record in driver's qualification file (critical).
Sec.  391.51(b)(6) Failing to maintain medical examiner's certificate in 
driver's qualification file (critical).
Sec.  392.2 Operating a motor vehicle not in accordance with the laws, 
ordinances, and regulations of the jurisdiction in which it is being 
operated (critical).
Sec.  392.4(b) Requiring or permitting a driver to drive while under the 
influence of, or in possession of, a narcotic drug, amphetamine, or any 
other substance capable of rendering the driver incapable of safely 
operating a motor vehicle (acute).
Sec.  392.5(b)(1) Requiring or permitting a driver to drive a motor 
vehicle while under the influence of, or in possession of, an 
intoxicating beverage (acute).
Sec.  392.5(b)(2) Requiring or permitting a driver who shows evidence of 
having consumed an intoxicating beverage within 4 hours to operate a 
motor vehicle (acute).
Sec.  392.6 Scheduling a run which would necessitate the vehicle being 
operated at speeds in excess of those prescribed (critical).
Sec.  392.9(a)(1) Requiring or permitting a driver to drive without the 
vehicle's cargo being properly distributed and adequately secured 
(critical).
Sec.  395.1(h)(1)(i)(A) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive more than 15 hours (Driving in 
Alaska) (critical).
Sec.  395.1(h)(1)(i)(B) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty 20 
hours (Driving in Alaska) (critical).
Sec.  395.1(h)(1)(i)(C) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more 
than 70 hours in 7 consecutive days (Driving in Alaska) (critical).
Sec.  395.1(h)(1)(i)(D) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more 
than 80 hours in 8 consecutive days (Driving in Alaska) (critical).
Sec.  395.1(h)(2)(i) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive more than 15 hours (Driving in 
Alaska) (critical).

[[Page 352]]

Sec.  395.1(h)(2)(ii) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty 20 
hours (Driving in Alaska) (critical).
Sec.  395.1(h)(2)(iii) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more 
than 70 hours in 7 consecutive days (Driving in Alaska) (critical).
Sec.  395.1(h)(2)(iv) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more 
than 80 hours in 8 consecutive days (Driving in Alaska) (critical).
Sec.  395.1(o) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying commercial 
motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty 16 consecutive 
hours (critical).
Sec.  395.3(a)(1) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying commercial 
motor vehicle driver to drive without taking an off-duty period of at 
least 10 consecutive hours prior to driving (critical).
Sec.  395.3(a)(2) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying commercial 
motor vehicle driver to drive after the end of the 14th hour after 
coming on duty (critical).
Sec.  395.3(a)(3)(i) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive more than 11 hours (critical).
Sec.  395.3(a)(3)(ii) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive if more than 8 hours of driving 
time have passed without a consecutive interruption in driving status of 
at least 30 minutes, either off-duty, sleeper berth or on-duty not 
driving (critical).
Sec.  395.3(b)(1) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying commercial 
motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more than 60 
hours in 7 consecutive days (critical).
Sec.  395.3(b)(2) Requiring or permitting a property-carrying commercial 
motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more than 70 
hours in 8 consecutive days (critical).
Sec.  395.5(a)(1) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive more than 10 hours (critical).
Sec.  395.5(a)(2) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty 15 
hours (critical).
Sec.  395.5(b)(1) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more 
than 60 hours in 7 consecutive days (critical).
Sec.  395.5(b)(2) Requiring or permitting a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle driver to drive after having been on duty more 
than 70 hours in 8 consecutive days (critical).
Sec.  395.8(a)(1) Failing to require a driver to prepare a record of 
duty status using appropriate method (critical).
Sec.  395.8(a)(2)(ii) Failure to require a driver to submit record of 
duty status (critical).
Sec.  395.8(e)(1) Making, or permitting a driver to make, a false report 
regarding duty status (critical).
Sec.  395.8(e)(2) or (3) Disabling, deactivating, disengaging, jamming, 
or otherwise blocking or degrading a signal transmission or reception; 
tampering with an automatic on-board recording device or ELD; or 
permitting or requiring another person to engage in such activity 
(acute).
Sec.  395.8(k)(1) Failing to preserve a driver's record of duty status 
or supporting documents for 6 months (critical).
Sec.  395.11(b) Failing to require a driver to submit supporting 
documents (critical).
Sec.  395.11(c) Failing to retain types of supporting documents as 
required by Sec.  395.11(c) (critical).
Sec.  395.11(e) Failing to retain supporting documents in a manner that 
permits the effective matching of the documents to the driver's record 
of duty status (critical).
Sec.  395.11(f) Altering, defacing, destroying, mutilating, or obscuring 
a supporting document (critical).
Sec.  395.30(f) Failing to retain ELD information (acute).
Sec.  396.3(b) Failing to keep minimum records of inspection and vehicle 
maintenance (critical).
Sec.  396.9(c)(2) Requiring or permitting the operation of a motor 
vehicle declared ``out-of-service'' before repairs were made (acute).
Sec.  396.11(a) Failing to require driver to prepare driver vehicle 
inspection report (critical).
Sec.  396.11(a)(3) Failing to correct Out-of-Service defects listed by 
driver in a driver vehicle inspection report before the vehicle is 
operated again (acute)
Sec.  396.17(a) Using a commercial motor vehicle not periodically 
inspected (critical).
Sec.  396.17(g) Failing to promptly repair parts and accessories not 
meeting minimum periodic inspection standards (acute).
Sec.  397.5(a) Failing to ensure a motor vehicle containing Division 
1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) material is attended at all times by its 
driver or a qualified representative (acute).
Sec.  397.7(a)(1) Parking a motor vehicle containing Division 1.1, 1.2, 
or 1.3 materials within 5 feet of traveled portion of highway or street 
(critical).
Sec.  397.7(b) Parking a motor vehicle containing hazardous material(s) 
other than Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials within 5 feet of traveled 
portion of highway or street (critical).
Sec.  397.13(a) Permitting a person to smoke or carry a lighted 
cigarette, cigar or pipe

[[Page 353]]

within 25 feet of a motor vehicle containing Class 1 materials, Class 5 
materials, or flammable materials classified as Division 2.1, Class 3, 
Divisions 4.1 and 4.2 (critical).
Sec.  397.19(a) Failing to furnish driver of motor vehicle transporting 
Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) materials with a copy of the rules 
of part 397 and/or emergency response instructions (critical).
Sec.  397.67(d) Requiring or permitting the operation of a motor vehicle 
containing explosives in Class 1, Divisions 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 that is not 
accompanied by a written route plan (critical).
Sec.  171.15 Carrier failing to give immediate telephone notice of an 
incident involving hazardous materials (critical).
Sec.  171.16 Carrier failing to make a written report of an incident 
involving hazardous materials (critical).
Sec.  172.313(a) Accepting for transportation or transporting a package 
containing a poisonous-by-inhalation material that is not marked with 
the words ``Inhalation Hazard'' (acute).
Sec.  172.704(a)(4) Failing to provide security awareness training 
(critical).
Sec.  172.704(a)(5) Failing to provide in-depth security awareness 
training (critical).
Sec.  172.800(b) Transporting HM without a security plan (acute).
Sec.  172.800(b) Transporting HM without a security plan that conforms 
to Subpart I requirements (acute).
Sec.  172.800(b) Failure to adhere to a required security plan (acute).
Sec.  173.24(b)(1) Accepting for transportation or transporting a 
package that has an identifiable release of a hazardous material to the 
environment (acute).
Sec.  173.421 Accepting for transportation or transporting a Class 7 
(radioactive) material described, marked, and packaged as a limited 
quantity when the radiation level on the surface of the package exceeds 
0.005mSv/hour (0.5 mrem/hour) (acute).
Sec.  173.431(a) Accepting for transportation or transporting in a Type 
A packaging a greater quantity of Class 7 (radioactive) material than 
authorized (acute).
Sec.  173.431(b) Accepting for transportation or transporting in a Type 
B packaging a greater quantity of Class 7 (radioactive) material than 
authorized (acute).
Sec.  173.441(a) Accepting for transportation or transporting a package 
containing Class 7 (radioactive) material with external radiation 
exceeding allowable limits (acute).
Sec.  173.442(b) Accepting for transportation or transporting a package 
containing Class 7 (radioactive) material when the temperature of the 
accessible external surface of the loaded package exceeds 50 [deg]C (122 
[deg]F) in other than an exclusive use shipment, or 85 [deg]C (185 
[deg]F) in an exclusive use shipment (acute).
Sec.  173.443(a) Accepting for transportation or transporting a package 
containing Class 7 (radioactive) material with removable contamination 
on the external surfaces of the package in excess of permissible limits 
(acute).
Sec.  177.800(c) Failing to instruct a category of employees in 
hazardous materials regulations (critical).
Sec.  177.801 Accepting for transportation or transporting a forbidden 
material (acute).
Sec.  177.835(a) Loading or unloading a Class 1 (explosive) material 
with the engine running (acute).
Sec.  177.835(c) Accepting for transportation or transporting Division 
1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials in a motor vehicle or combination of 
vehicles that is not permitted (acute).
Sec.  177.835(j) Transferring Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) 
materials between containers or motor vehicles when not permitted 
(acute).
Sec.  177.817(a) Transporting a shipment of hazardous materials not 
accompanied by a properly prepared shipping paper (critical).
Sec.  177.817(e) Failing to maintain proper accessibility of shipping 
papers (critical).
Sec.  177.823(a) Moving a transport vehicle containing hazardous 
material that is not properly marked or placarded (critical).
Sec.  177.841(e) Transporting a package bearing a poison label in the 
same transport vehicle with material marked or known to be foodstuff, 
feed, or any edible material intended for consumption by humans or 
animals unless an exception in Sec.  177.841(e)(i) or (ii) is met 
(acute).
Sec.  180.407(a) Transporting a shipment of hazardous material in cargo 
tank that has not been inspected or retested in accordance with Sec.  
180.407 (critical).
Sec.  180.407(c) Failing to periodically test and inspect a cargo tank 
(critical).
Sec.  180.415 Failing to mark a cargo tank which passed an inspection or 
test required by Sec.  180.407 (critical).
Sec.  180.417(a)(1) Failing to retain cargo tank manufacturer's data 
report certificate and related papers, as required (critical).
Sec.  180.417(a)(2) Failing to retain copies of cargo tank 
manufacturer's certificate and related papers (or alternative report) as 
required (critical).

[62 FR 60043, Nov. 6, 1997]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting appendix B 
to part 385, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.

[[Page 354]]



PART 386_RULES OF PRACTICE FOR FMCSA PROCEEDINGS--Table of Contents



      Subpart A_Scope of Rules; Definitions and General Provisions

Sec.
386.1 Scope of the rules in this part.
386.2 Definitions.
386.3 Separation of functions.
386.4 Appearances and rights of parties.
386.5 Form of filings and extensions of time.
386.6 Service.
386.7 Filing of documents.
386.8 Computation of time.

            Subpart B_Commencement of Proceedings, Pleadings

386.11 Commencement of proceedings.
386.12 Complaints.
386.13 Petitions to review and request for hearing: Driver qualification 
          proceedings.
386.14 Reply.
386.15 [Reserved]
386.16 Action on replies to the Notice of Claim.
386.17 Intervention.
386.18 Payment of the claim.

                     Subpart C_Settlement Agreements

386.22 Settlement agreements and their contents.

                  Subpart D_General Rules and Hearings

386.30 Enforcement proceedings under part 395.
386.31 Official notice.
386.34 Motions.
386.35 Motions to dismiss and motions for a more definite statement.
386.36 Motions for final agency order.
386.37 Discovery.
386.38 Scope of discovery.
386.39 Protective orders.
386.40 Supplementation of responses.
386.41 Stipulations regarding discovery.
386.42 Written interrogatories to parties.
386.43 Production of documents and other evidence; entry upon land for 
          inspection and other purposes; and physical and mental 
          examination.
386.44 Request for admissions.
386.45 Motion to compel discovery.
386.46 Depositions.
386.47 Use of deposition at hearings.
386.48 Medical records and physicians' reports.
386.49 Form of written evidence.
386.51 Amendment and withdrawal of pleadings.
386.52 Appeals from interlocutory rulings.
386.53 Subpoenas, witness fees.
386.54 Administrative law judge.
386.55 Prehearing conferences.
386.56 Hearings.
386.57 Proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law.
386.58 Burden of proof.

                           Subpart E_Decision

386.61 Decision.
386.62 Review of administrative law judge's decision.
386.63 Decision on review.
386.64 Reconsideration.
386.65 Failure to comply with final order.
386.66 Motions for rehearing or for modification.
386.67 Judicial review.

               Subpart F_Injunctions and Imminent Hazards

386.71 Injunctions.
386.72 Imminent hazard.
386.73 Operations out of service and record consolidation proceedings 
          (reincarnated carriers).

                           Subpart G_Penalties

386.81 General.
386.82 Civil penalties for violations of notices and orders.
386.83 Sanction for failure to pay civil penalties or abide by payment 
          plan; operation in interstate commerce prohibited.
386.84 Sanction for failure to pay civil penalties or abide by payment 
          plan; suspension or revocation of registration.

Appendix A to Part 386--Penalty Schedule; Violations of Notices and 
          Orders
Appendix B to Part 386--Penalty Schedule; Violations and Monetary 
          Penalties

    Authority: 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 49 U.S.C. 113, 1301 note, 31306a; 49 
U.S.C. chapters 5, 51, 131-141, 145-149, 311, 313, and 315; and 49 CFR 
1.81, 1.87.

    Source: 50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 386 appear at 65 FR 
7755, Feb. 16, 2000.



      Subpart A_Scope of Rules; Definitions and General Provisions



Sec.  386.1  Scope of the rules in this part.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, the rules 
in this part govern proceedings before the Assistant Administrator, who 
also acts as the Chief Safety Officer of the Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration, under applicable provisions of the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Regulations

[[Page 355]]

(49 CFR parts 350-399), including the commercial regulations (49 CFR 
parts 360-379), and the Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR parts 
171-180).
    (b) The purpose of the proceedings is to enable the Assistant 
Administrator:
    (1) To determine whether a motor carrier, intermodal equipment 
provider (as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this chapter), property broker, 
freight forwarder, or its agents, employees, or any other person subject 
to the jurisdiction of FMCSA, has failed to comply with the provisions 
or requirements of applicable statutes and the corresponding 
regulations; and
    (2) To issue an appropriate order to compel compliance with the 
statute or regulation, assess a civil penalty, or both, if such 
violations are found.
    (c)(1) The rules in Sec.  386.12(a) govern the filing of a complaint 
of a substantial violation and the handling of the complaint by the 
appropriate Division Administrator.
    (2) The rules in Sec.  386.12(b) govern the filing by a driver and 
the handling by the appropriate Division Administrator of a complaint of 
harassment in violation of Sec.  390.36 of this subchapter.
    (3) The rules in Sec.  386.12(c) govern the filing by a driver and 
the handling by the appropriate Division Administrator of a complaint of 
coercion in violation of Sec.  390.6 of this subchapter.

[73 FR 76819, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 74709, Nov. 30, 2015; 
81 FR 78381, Dec. 16, 2015; 81 FR 68347, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  386.2  Definitions.

    Abate or abatement means to discontinue regulatory violations by 
refraining from or taking actions identified in a notice to correct 
noncompliance.
    Administration means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration.
    Administrative adjudication means a process or proceeding to resolve 
contested claims in conformity with the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 
U.S.C. 554-558.
    Administrative law judge means an administrative law judge appointed 
pursuant to the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 3105.
    Agency means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.
    Agency Counsel means the attorney who prosecutes a civil penalty 
matter on behalf of the Field Administrator.
    Agency decisionmaker means the FMCSA official authorized to issue a 
final decision and order of the Agency in an administrative proceeding 
under this part. The Agency decisionmaker is the Assistant Administrator 
or any person to whom this decisionmaking authority has been delegated.
    Assistant Administrator means the Assistant Administrator of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration or an authorized delegee. 
The Assistant Administrator is the Agency decisionmaker who issues final 
decisions under this part.
    Broker means a person who, for compensation, arranges or offers to 
arrange the transportation of property by an authorized motor carrier. A 
motor carrier, or person who is an employee or bona fide agent of a 
carrier, is not a broker within the meaning of this section when it 
arranges or offers to arrange the transportation of shipments which it 
is authorized to transport and which it has accepted and legally bound 
itself to transport.
    Civil forfeiture proceedings means proceedings to collect civil 
penalties for violations under the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act 
of 1986 (49 U.S.C. Chapter 313); the Hazardous Materials Transportation 
Act of 1975, as amended (49 U.S.C. Chapter 51); the Motor Carrier Safety 
Act of 1984 (49 U.S.C. Chapter 311, Subchapter III); section 18 of the 
Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 (49 U.S.C. 31138); section 30 of the 
Motor Carrier Act of 1980 (49 U.S.C. 31139); and the ICC Termination Act 
of 1995 (49 U.S.C. Chapters 131-149).
    Civil penalty proceedings means proceedings to collect civil 
penalties for violations of regulations and statutes within the 
jurisdiction of FMCSA.
    Claimant means the representative of the Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration authorized to make claims.
    Commercial regulations means statutes and regulations that apply to 
persons providing or arranging transportation for compensation subject 
to the Secretary's jurisdiction under 49 U.S.C. Chapter 135. The 
statutes are codified

[[Page 356]]

in Part B of Subtitle IV, Title 49, U.S.C. (49 U.S.C. 13101 through 
14913). The regulations include those issued by the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration or its predecessors under authority 
provided in 49 U.S.C. 13301 or a predecessor statute.
    Default means an omission or failure to perform a legal duty within 
the time specified for action, failure to reply to a Notice of Claim 
within the time required, or failure to submit a reply in accordance 
with the requirements of this part. A default may result in issuance of 
a Final Agency Order or additional penalties against the defaulting 
party.
    Department means the U.S. Department of Transportation.
    Docket Operations means the U.S. Department of Transportation's 
docket management system, which is the central repository for original 
copies of all documents filed before the agency decisionmaker.
    Driver qualification proceeding means a proceeding commenced under 
49 CFR 391.47 or by issuance of a letter of disqualification.
    Federal Motor Carrier Commercial Regulations (FMCCRs) means statutes 
and regulations applying to persons providing or arranging 
transportation for compensation subject to the Secretary's jurisdiction 
under 49 U.S.C. Chapter 135. The statutes are codified in Part B of 
Subtitle IV, Title 49 U.S.C. (49 U.S.C. 13101 through 14913). The 
regulations include those issued by FMCSA or its predecessors under 
authority provided in 49 U.S.C. 13301 or a predecessor statute.
    Field Administrator means the head of an FMCSA Service Center who 
has been delegated authority to initiate compliance and enforcement 
actions on behalf of FMCSA or an authorized delegee.
    Final Agency Order means the final action by FMCSA issued pursuant 
to this part by the appropriate Field Administrator (for default 
judgments under Sec.  386.14) or the Assistant Administrator, or 
settlement agreements which become the Final Agency Order pursuant to 
386.22, or decisions of the Administrative Law Judge, which become the 
Final Agency Order pursuant to 386.61 or binding arbitration awards. A 
person who fails to perform the actions directed in the Final Agency 
Order commits a violation of that order and is subject to an additional 
penalty as prescribed in subpart G of this part.
    FMCSRs means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations.
    Formal hearing means an evidentiary hearing on the record in which 
parties have the opportunity to conduct discovery, present relevant 
evidence, and cross-examine witnesses.
    Freight forwarder means a person holding itself out to the general 
public (other than as an express, pipeline, rail, sleeping car, motor, 
or water carrier) to provide transportation of property for compensation 
in interstate commerce, and in the ordinary course of its business:
    (1) Performs or provides for assembling, consolidating, break-bulk, 
and distribution of shipments;
    (2) Assumes responsibility for transportation from place of receipt 
to destination; and
    (3) Uses for any part of the transportation a carrier subject to 
FMCSA jurisdiction.
    Hearing officer means a neutral Agency employee designated by the 
Assistant Administrator to preside over an informal hearing.
    HMRs means Hazardous Materials Regulations.
    Informal hearing means a hearing in which the parties have the 
opportunity to present relevant evidence to a neutral Hearing Officer, 
who will prepare findings of fact and recommendations for the Agency 
decisionmaker. The informal hearing will not be on the transcribed 
record and discovery will not be allowed. Parties will have the 
opportunity to discuss their case and present testimony and evidence 
before the Hearing Officer without the formality of a formal hearing.
    Mail means U.S. first class mail, U.S. registered or certified mail, 
or use of a commercial delivery service.
    Motor carrier means a motor carrier, motor private carrier, or motor 
carrier of migrant workers as defined in 49 U.S.C. 13102 and 31501.

[[Page 357]]

    Notice of Claim (NOC) means the initial document issued by FMCSA to 
assert a civil penalty for alleged violations of the FMCSRs, HMRs, or 
FMCCRs.
    Notice of Violation (NOV) means a document alleging a violation of 
the FMCSRs, HMRs, or FMCCRs, for which corrective action, other than 
payment of a civil penalty, is recommended.
    Person means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, 
business trust, or any other organized group of individuals.
    Reply means a written response to a Notice of Claim, admitting or 
denying the allegations contained within the Notice of Claim. In 
addition, the reply provides the mechanism for determining whether the 
respondent seeks to pay, settle, contest, or seek binding arbitration of 
the claim. See Sec.  386.14. If contesting the allegations, the reply 
must also set forth all known affirmative defenses and factors in 
mitigation of the claim.
    Petitioner means a party petitioning to overturn a determination in 
a driver qualification proceeding.
    Respondent means a party against whom relief is sought or claim is 
made.
    Secretary means the Secretary of Transportation.
    Submission of written evidence without hearing means the submission 
of written evidence and legal argument to the Agency decisionmaker, or 
his/her representative, in lieu of a formal or informal hearing.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988; 56 
FR 10182, Mar. 11, 1991; 65 FR 7755, Feb. 16, 2000; 65 FR 78427, Dec. 
15, 2000; 67 FR 61821, Oct. 2, 2002; 70 FR 28748, May 18, 2005; 72 FR 
55701, Oct. 1, 2007; 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 
2021]



Sec.  386.3  Separation of functions.

    (a) Civil penalty proceedings will be prosecuted by Agency Counsel 
who represent the Field Administrator. In Notices of Violation, the 
Field Administrator will be represented by Agency Counsel.
    (b) An Agency employee, including those listed in paragraph (c) of 
this section, engaged in the performance of investigative or 
prosecutorial functions in a civil penalty proceeding or in a proceeding 
under Sec.  386.11, Sec.  386.72, or Sec.  386.73 may not, in that case 
or a factually related case, discuss or communicate the facts or issues 
involved with the Agency decisionmaker, Administrative Law Judge, 
Hearing Officer, or others listed in paragraph (d) of this section, 
except as counsel or a witness in the public proceedings. The 
prohibition in this paragraph (b) also includes the staff of those 
covered by this section.
    (c) The Deputy Chief Counsel, Assistant Chief Counsel for 
Enforcement and Litigation, and attorneys in the Enforcement and 
Litigation Division serve as enforcement counsel in the prosecution of 
all cases brought under this part.
    (d) The Chief Counsel, the Special Counsel to the Chief Counsel, and 
attorneys serving as Adjudications Counsel advise the Agency 
decisionmaker regarding all cases brought under this Part.
    (e) Nothing in this part shall preclude agency decisionmakers or 
anyone advising an agency decisionmaker from taking part in a 
determination to launch an investigation or issue a complaint, or 
similar preliminary decision.

[70 FR 28479, May 18, 2005, as amended at 86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  386.4  Appearances and rights of parties.

    (a) A party may appear in person, by counsel, or by other 
representative, as the party elects, in a proceeding under this subpart.
    (b) A person representing a party must file a notice of appearance 
in the proceeding, in the manner provided in Sec.  386.7 of this 
subpart. The notice of appearance must list the name, address, telephone 
number, and facsimile number of the person designated to represent the 
party. A copy of the notice of appearance must be served on each party, 
in the manner provided in Sec.  386.6 of this subpart. The notice of 
appearance must be filed and served before the representative can 
participate in the proceeding. Any changes in an attorney or 
representative's contact information must be served and filed according 
to Sec. Sec.  386.6 and 386.7 in a timely manner.
    (c) A separate notice of appearance must be filed by a 
representative in

[[Page 358]]

each case. Blanket appearances on behalf of a party will not be 
accepted.

[70 FR 28479, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.5  Form of filings and extensions of time.

    (a) Form. Each document must be typewritten or legibly handwritten.
    (b) Contents. Unless otherwise specified in this part, each document 
must contain a short, plain statement of the facts on which the person's 
case rests and a brief statement of the action requested in the 
document. Except by prior order, all contents will be made publicly 
available.
    (c) Length. Except for the Notice of Claim and reply, motions, 
briefs, and other filings may not exceed 20 pages except as permitted by 
Order following a motion to exceed the page limitation based upon good 
cause shown. Exhibits or attachments in support of the relevant filing 
are not included in the page limit.
    (d) Paper and margins. Filed documents must be printed on 8\1/
2\ by 11 paper with a one-inch margin on all four 
sides of text, to include pagination and footnotes.
    (e) Spacing, and font size for typewritten documents. Typewritten 
documents will use the following line format: single-spacing for the 
caption and footnotes, and double-spacing for the main text. All printed 
matter must appear in at least 12-point font, including footnotes.
    (f) Extensions of time. Only those requests showing good cause will 
be granted. No motion for continuance or postponement of a hearing date 
filed within 15 days of the date set for a hearing will be granted 
unless accompanied by an affidavit showing extraordinary circumstances 
warrant a continuance. Unless directed otherwise by the Agency 
decisionmaker before whom a matter is pending, the parties may stipulate 
to reasonable extensions of time by filing the stipulation in the 
official docket and serving copies on all parties on the certificate of 
service. Motions for extensions of time must be filed in accordance with 
Sec.  386.7 and served in accordance with Sec.  386.6. A copy must also 
be served upon the person presiding over the proceeding at the time of 
the filing.

[70 FR 28479, May 18, 2005, as amended at 77 FR 59826, Oct. 1, 2012]



Sec.  386.6  Service.

    (a) General. All documents must be served upon the party or the 
party's designated agent for service of process. If a notice of 
appearance has been filed in the specific case in question in accordance 
with Sec.  386.4, service is to be made on the party's attorney of 
record or its designated representative.
    (b) Type of service. A person may serve documents by personal 
delivery utilizing governmental or commercial entities, U.S. mail, 
commercial mail delivery, and upon prior written consent of the parties, 
facsimile. Written consent for facsimile service must specify the 
facsimile number where service will be accepted. When service is made by 
facsimile, a copy will also be served by any other method permitted by 
this section. Facsimile service occurs when transmission is complete.
    (c) Certificate of service. A certificate of service will accompany 
all documents served in a proceeding under this Part. The certificate 
must show the date and manner of service, be signed by the person making 
service, and list the persons served in accordance with Sec.  386.7.
    (d) Date of service. A document will be considered served on the 
date of personal delivery; or if mailed, the mailing date shown on the 
certificate of service, the date shown on the postmark if there is no 
certificate of service, or other mailing date shown by other evidence if 
there is no certificate of service or postmark.
    (e) Valid service. A properly addressed document, sent in accordance 
with this subpart, which was returned, unclaimed, or refused, is deemed 
to have been served in accordance with this subpart. The service will be 
considered valid as of the date and the time the document was mailed, or 
the date personal delivery of the document was refused. Service by 
delivery after 5 p.m. in the time zone in which the recipient will 
receive delivery is deemed to have been made on the next day that is not 
a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.

[[Page 359]]

    (f) Presumption of service. There shall be a presumption of service 
if the document is served where a party or a person customarily receives 
mail or at the address designated in the entry of appearance. If an 
entry of appearance has been filed on behalf of the party, service is 
effective upon service of a document to its representative.

[70 FR 28480, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.7  Filing of documents.

    Address and method of filing. A person serving or tendering a 
document for filing must personally deliver or mail one copy of each 
document to all parties and counsel or their designated representative 
of record if represented. A signed original and one copy of each 
document submitted for the consideration of the Assistant Administrator, 
an Administrative Law Judge, or Hearing Officer must be personally 
delivered or mailed to: Department of Transportation Docket Operations, 
1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. A person will 
serve a copy of each document on each party in accordance with Sec.  
386.6 of this subpart.

[70 FR 28480, May 18, 2005, as amended at 72 FR 55701, Oct. 1, 2007; 78 
FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  386.8  Computation of time.

    (a) Generally. In computing any time period set out in these rules 
or in an order issued hereunder, the time computation begins with the 
day following the act, event, or default. The last day of the period is 
included unless it is a Saturday, Sunday, or legal Federal holiday in 
which case the time period will run to the end of the next day that is 
not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal Federal holiday. All Saturdays, 
Sundays, and legal Federal holidays except those falling on the last day 
of the period will be computed.
    (b) Date of entry of orders. In computing any period of time 
involving the date of the entry of an order, the date of entry is the 
date the order is served.
    (c) Computation of time for delivery by mail. (1) Service of all 
documents is deemed effected at the time of mailing.
    (2) Documents are not deemed filed until received by Docket 
Operations.
    (3) Whenever a party has a right or a duty to act or to make any 
response within a prescribed period after service by mail, or on a date 
certain after service by mail, 5 days will be added to the prescribed 
period.

[70 FR 28480, May 18, 2005, as amended at 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013]



            Subpart B_Commencement of Proceedings, Pleadings



Sec.  386.11  Commencement of proceedings.

    (a) Driver qualification proceedings. These proceedings are 
commenced by the issuance of a determination by FMCSA, in a case arising 
under Sec.  391.47 of this chapter or by the issuance of a letter of 
disqualification.
    (1) Such determination and letters must be accompanied by the 
following:
    (i) A citation of the regulation under which the action is being 
taken;
    (ii) A copy of all documentary evidence relied on or considered in 
taking such action, or in the case of voluminous evidence a summary of 
such evidence;
    (iii) Notice to the driver and motor carrier involved in the case 
that they may petition for review of the action;
    (iv) Notice that a hearing will be granted if the Assistant 
Administrator determines there are material factual issues in dispute;
    (v) Notice that failure to petition for review will constitute a 
waiver of the right to contest the action; and
    (vi) Notice that the burden or proof will be on the petitioner in 
cases arising under Sec.  391.47 of this chapter.
    (2) At any time before the close of hearing, upon application of a 
party, the letter or determination may be amended at the discretion of 
the administrative law judge upon such terms as he/she approves.
    (b) Notice of Violation. The Agency may issue a Notice of Violation 
as a means of notifying any person subject to the rules in this part 
that it has received information (i.e., from an investigation, audit, or 
any other source) wherein it has been alleged the person has violated 
provisions of the FMCSRs,

[[Page 360]]

HMRs, or FMCCRs. The Notice of Violation serves as an informal mechanism 
to address compliance deficiencies. If the alleged deficiency is not 
addressed to the satisfaction of the Agency, formal enforcement action 
may be taken in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. A Notice 
of Violation is not a prerequisite to the issuance of a Notice of Claim. 
The Notice of Violation will address the following issues, as 
appropriate:
    (1) The specific alleged violations.
    (2) Any specific actions the Agency determines are appropriate to 
remedy the identified problems.
    (3) The means by which the notified person can inform the Agency 
that it has received the Notice of Violation and either has addressed 
the alleged violation or does not agree with the Agency's assertions in 
the Notice of Violation.
    (4) Any other relevant information.
    (c) Civil penalty proceedings. These proceedings are commenced by 
the issuance of a Notice of Claim.
    (1) Each Notice of Claim must contain the following:
    (i) A statement setting forth the facts alleged.
    (ii) A statement of the provisions of law allegedly violated by the 
respondent.
    (iii) The proposed civil penalty and notice of the maximum amount 
authorized to be claimed under statute.
    (iv) The time, form, and manner whereby the respondent may pay, 
contest, or otherwise seek resolution of the claim.
    (2) In addition to the information required by paragraph (c)(1) of 
this section, the Notice of Claim may contain such other matters as the 
Agency deems appropriate.
    (3) In proceedings for collection of civil penalties for violations 
of the motor carrier safety regulations under the Motor Carrier Safety 
Act of 1984, the Agency may require the respondent to post a copy of the 
Notice of Claim in such place or places and for such duration as the 
Agency may determine appropriate to aid in the enforcement of the law 
and regulations.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988; 56 
FR 10182, Mar. 11, 1991; 65 FR 7756, Feb. 16, 2000; 70 FR 28480, May 18, 
2005; 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  386.12  Complaints.

    (a) Complaint of substantial violation. (1) Any person alleging that 
a substantial violation of any regulation issued under the Motor Carrier 
Safety Act of 1984 is occurring or has occurred must file a written 
complaint with FMCSA stating the substance of the alleged substantial 
violation no later than 90 days after the event. The written complaint, 
including the information below, must be filed with the National 
Consumer Complaint Database at http://nccdb.fmcsa.dot.gov or any FMCSA 
Division Administrator. The Agency will refer the complaint to the 
Division Administrator who the Agency believes is best able to handle 
the complaint. Information on filing a written complaint may be obtained 
by calling 1-800-DOT-SAFT (1-800-368-7238). A substantial violation is 
one which could reasonably lead to, or has resulted in, serious personal 
injury or death. Each complaint must be signed by the complainant and 
must contain:
    (i) The name, address, and telephone number of the person who files 
it;
    (ii) The name and address of the alleged violator and, with respect 
to each alleged violator, the specific provisions of the regulations 
that the complainant believes were violated; and
    (iii) A concise but complete statement of the facts relied upon to 
substantiate each allegation, including the date of each alleged 
violation.
    (2) Upon the filing of a complaint of a substantial violation under 
paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the Division Administrator shall 
determine whether the complaint is non-frivolous and meets the 
requirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If the Division 
Administrator determines the complaint is non-frivolous and meets the 
requirements of paragraph (a)(1), the Division Administrator shall 
investigate the complaint. The complainant

[[Page 361]]

shall be timely notified of findings resulting from the investigation. 
The Division Administrator shall not be required to conduct separate 
investigations of duplicative complaints. If the Division Administrator 
determines the complaint is frivolous or does not meet the requirements 
of paragraph (a)(1), the Division Administrator shall dismiss the 
complaint and notify the complainant in writing of the reasons for the 
dismissal.
    (3) Notwithstanding the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, the Division 
Administrator shall not disclose the identity of complainants unless it 
is determined that such disclosure is necessary to prosecute a 
violation. If disclosure becomes necessary, the Division Administrator 
shall take every practical means within the Division Administrator's 
authority to ensure that the complainant is not subject to coercion, 
harassment, intimidation, disciplinary action, discrimination, or 
financial loss as a result of such disclosure.
    (b) Complaint of harassment. (1) A driver alleging a violation of 
Sec.  390.36(b)(1) of this subchapter (harassment) must file a written 
complaint with FMCSA stating the substance of the alleged harassment by 
a motor carrier no later than 90 days after the event. The written 
complaint, including the information described below, must be filed with 
the National Consumer Complaint Database at http://nccdb.fmcsa.dot.gov 
or the FMCSA Division Administrator for the State where the driver is 
employed. The Agency may refer a complaint to another Division 
Administrator who the Agency believes is best able to handle the 
complaint. Information on filing a written complaint may be obtained by 
calling 1-800-DOT-SAFT (1-800-368-7238). Each complaint must be signed 
by the driver and must contain:
    (i) The driver's name, address, and telephone number;
    (ii) The name and address of the motor carrier allegedly harassing 
the driver; and
    (iii) A concise but complete statement of the facts relied upon to 
substantiate each allegation of harassment, including:
    (A) How the ELD or other technology used in combination with and not 
separable from the ELD was used to contribute to harassment;
    (B) The date of the alleged action; and
    (C) How the motor carrier's action violated either Sec.  392.3 or 
part 395.


Each complaint may include any supporting evidence that will assist the 
Division Administrator in determining the merits of the complaint.
    (2) Upon the filing of a complaint of a violation under paragraph 
(b)(1) of this section, the appropriate Division Administrator shall 
determine whether the complaint is non-frivolous and meets the 
requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
    (i) If the Division Administrator determines the complaint is non-
frivolous and meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section, the Division Administrator shall investigate the complaint. The 
complaining driver shall be timely notified of findings resulting from 
the investigation. The Division Administrator shall not be required to 
conduct separate investigations of duplicative complaints.
    (ii) If the Division Administrator determines the complaint is 
frivolous or does not meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section, the Division Administrator shall dismiss the complaint and 
notify the complainant in writing of the reasons for the dismissal.
    (3) Because prosecution of harassment in violation of Sec.  
390.36(b)(1) of this subchapter will require disclosure of the driver's 
identity, the Agency shall take every practical means within its 
authority to ensure that the driver is not subject to coercion, 
harassment, intimidation, disciplinary action, discrimination, or 
financial loss as a result of the disclosure. This will include 
notification that 49 U.S.C. 31105 includes broad employee protections 
and that retaliation for filing a harassment complaint may subject the 
motor carrier to enforcement action by the Occupational Safety and 
Health Administration.
    (c) Complaint of coercion. (1) A driver alleging a violation of 
Sec.  390.6(a)(1) or (2) of this subchapter must file a written 
complaint with FMCSA stating the substance of the alleged coercion no 
later than 90 days after the event. The

[[Page 362]]

written complaint, including the information described below, must be 
filed with the National Consumer Complaint Database at http://
nccdb.fmcsa.dot.gov or the FMCSA Division Administrator for the State 
where the driver is employed. The Agency may refer a complaint to 
another Division Administrator who the Agency believes is best able to 
handle the complaint. Information on filing a written complaint may be 
obtained by calling 1-800-DOT-SAFT (1-800-368-7238). Each complaint must 
be signed by the driver and must contain:
    (i) The driver's name, address, and telephone number;
    (ii) The name and address of the person allegedly coercing the 
driver;
    (iii) The provisions of the regulations that the driver alleges he 
or she was coerced to violate; and
    (iv) A concise but complete statement of the facts relied upon to 
substantiate each allegation of coercion, including the date of each 
alleged violation.
    (2) Action on complaint of coercion. Upon the filing of a complaint 
of coercion under paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the appropriate 
Division Administrator shall determine whether the complaint is non-
frivolous and meets the requirements of paragraph (c)(1).
    (i) If the Division Administrator determines that the complaint is 
non-frivolous and meets the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section, the Division Administrator shall investigate the complaint. The 
complaining driver shall be timely notified of findings resulting from 
such investigation. The Division Administrator shall not be required to 
conduct separate investigations of duplicative complaints.
    (ii) If the Division Administrator determines the complaint is 
frivolous or does not meet the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section, the Division Administrator shall dismiss the complaint and 
notify the driver in writing of the reasons for the dismissal.
    (3) Protection of complainants. Because prosecution of coercion in 
violation of Sec.  390.6 of this subchapter will require disclosure of 
the driver's identity, the Agency shall take every practical means 
within its authority to ensure that the driver is not subject to 
coercion, harassment, intimidation, disciplinary action, discrimination, 
or financial loss as a result of the disclosure. This will include 
notification that 49 U.S.C. 31105 includes broad employee protections 
and that retaliation for filing a coercion complaint may subject the 
alleged coercer to enforcement action by the Occupational Safety and 
Health Administration.

[80 FR 78381, Dec. 16, 2015]



Sec.  386.13  Petitions to review and request for hearing: Driver
qualification proceedings.

    (a) Within 60 days after service of the determination under Sec.  
391.47 of this chapter or the letter of disqualification, the driver or 
carrier may petition to review such action. Such petitions must be 
submitted to the Assistant Administrator and must contain the following:
    (1) Identification of what action the petitioner wants overturned;
    (2) Copies of all evidence upon which petitioner relies in the form 
set out in Sec.  386.49;
    (3) All legal and other arguments which the petitioner wishes to 
make in support of his/her position;
    (4) A request for oral hearing, if one is desired, which must set 
forth material factual issues believed to be in dispute;
    (5) Certification that the petition has been filed in accordance 
with Sec.  386.6(c); and
    (6) Any other pertinent material.
    (b) Failure to submit a petition as specified in paragraph (a) of 
this section shall constitute a waiver of the right to petition for 
review of the determination or letter of disqualification. In these 
cases, the determination or disqualification issued automatically 
becomes the final decision of the Assistant Administrator 30 days after 
the time to submit the reply or petition to review has expired, unless 
the Assistant Administrator orders otherwise.
    (c) If the petition does not request a hearing, the Assistant 
Administrator may issue a final decision and order based on the evidence 
and arguments submitted.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, as amended at 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013]

[[Page 363]]



Sec.  386.14  Reply.

    (a) Time for reply to the Notice of Claim. Respondent must serve a 
reply to the Notice of Claim in writing within 30 days following service 
of the Notice of Claim. The reply is to be served in accordance with 
Sec.  386.6 upon the Service Center indicated in the Notice of Claim.
    (b) Options for reply. The respondent must reply to the Notice of 
Claim within the time allotted by choosing one of the following:
    (1) Paying the full amount asserted in the Notice of Claim in 
accordance with Sec.  386.18 of this part;
    (2) Contesting the claim by requesting administrative adjudication 
pursuant to paragraph (d) of this section; or
    (3) Seeking binding arbitration in accordance with the Agency's 
program. Although the amount of the proposed penalty may be disputed, 
referral to binding arbitration is contingent upon an admission of 
liability that the violations occurred.
    (c) Failure to answer the Notice of Claim. (1) Respondent's failure 
to answer the Notice of Claim in accordance with paragraph (a) may 
result in the issuance of a Notice of Default and Final Agency Order by 
the Field Administrator. The Notice of Default and Final Agency Order 
will declare respondent to be in default and further declare the Notice 
of Claim, including the civil penalty proposed in the Notice of Claim, 
to be the Final Agency Order in the proceeding. The Final Agency Order 
will be effective five days following service of the Notice of Default 
and Final Agency Order.
    (2) The default constitutes an admission of all facts alleged in the 
Notice of Claim and a waiver of respondent's opportunity to contest the 
claim. The default will be reviewed by the Assistant Administrator in 
accordance with Sec.  386.64(b), and the Final Agency Order may be 
vacated where a respondent demonstrates excusable neglect, a meritorious 
defense, or due diligence in seeking relief.
    (3) Failure to pay the civil penalty as directed in a Final Agency 
Order constitutes a violation of that order, subjecting the respondent 
to an additional penalty as prescribed in Subpart G of this part.
    (d) Request for administrative adjudication. The respondent may 
contest the claim and request administrative adjudication pursuant to 
paragraph (b)(2) of this section. An administrative adjudication is a 
process to resolve contested claims before the Assistant Administrator, 
Administrative Law Judge, or Hearing Officer. Once an administrative 
adjudication option is elected, it is binding on the respondent.
    (1) Contents. In addition to the general requirements of this 
section, the reply must be in writing and state the grounds for 
contesting the claim and must raise any affirmative defenses the 
respondent intends to assert. Specifically, the reply:
    (i) Must admit or deny each separately stated and numbered 
allegation of violation in the claim. A statement that the person is 
without sufficient knowledge or information to admit or deny will have 
the effect of a denial. Any allegation in the claim not specifically 
denied in the reply is deemed admitted. A mere general denial of the 
claim is insufficient and may result in a default being entered by the 
Agency decisionmaker upon motion by the Field Administrator.
    (ii) Must include all known affirmative defenses, including those 
relating to jurisdiction, limitations, and procedure.
    (iii) Must state which one of the following options respondent 
seeks:
    (A) To submit written evidence without hearing; or
    (B) An informal hearing; or
    (C) A formal hearing.
    (2) [Reserved]

[70 FR 28481, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.15  [Reserved]



Sec.  386.16  Action on replies to the Notice of Claim.

    (a) Requests to submit written evidence without a hearing. Where 
respondent has elected to submit written evidence in accordance with 
Sec.  386.14(d)(1)(iii)(A):
    (1) Agency Counsel must serve all written evidence and argument in 
support of the Notice of Claim no later than 60 days following service 
of respondent's reply. The written evidence and argument must be served 
on the Assistant Administrator in accordance

[[Page 364]]

with Sec. Sec.  386.6 and 386.7. The submission must include all 
pleadings, notices, and other filings in the case to date.
    (2) Respondent will, not later than 45 days following service of 
Agency Counsel's written evidence and argument, serve its written 
evidence and argument on the Assistant Administrator in accordance with 
Sec. Sec.  386.6 and 386.7.
    (3) Agency Counsel may file a written response to respondent's 
submission. Any such submission must be filed within 20 days of service 
of respondent's submission.
    (4) All written evidence submitted by the parties must conform to 
the requirements of Sec.  386.49.
    (5) Following submission of evidence and argument as outlined in 
this section, the Assistant Administrator may issue a Final Agency Order 
and order based on the evidence and arguments submitted, or may issue 
any other order as may be necessary to adjudicate the matter.
    (b) Requests for hearing. (1) If a request for a formal or informal 
hearing has been filed, the Assistant Administrator will determine 
whether there exists a dispute of a material fact at issue in the 
matter. If so, the matter will be set for hearing in accordance with 
respondent's reply. If it is determined that there does not exist a 
dispute of a material fact at issue in the matter, the Assistant 
Administrator may issue a decision based on the written record, or may 
request the submission of further evidence or argument.
    (2) If a respondent requests a formal or informal hearing in its 
reply, the Field Administrator must serve upon the Assistant 
Administrator and respondent a notice of consent or objection with a 
basis to the request within 60 days of service of respondent's reply. 
Failure to serve an objection within the time allotted may result in 
referral of the matter to hearing.
    (3) Requests for formal hearing. Following the filing of an 
objection with basis, the Field Administrator must serve a motion for 
Final Agency Order pursuant to Sec.  386.36 unless otherwise ordered by 
the Assistant Administrator. The motion must set forth the reasons why 
the Field Administrator is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. 
Respondent must, within 45 days of service of the motion for Final 
Agency Order, submit and serve a response to the Field Administrator's 
motion. After reviewing the record, the Assistant Administrator will 
either set the matter for hearing by referral to the Office of Hearings 
or issue a Final Agency Order based upon the submissions.
    (4) Requests for informal hearing. (i) If the Field Administrator 
objects with basis to a request for an informal hearing, he/she must 
serve the objection, a copy of the Notice of Claim, and a copy of 
respondent's reply, on the respondent and Assistant Administrator, 
pursuant to paragraph (b)(2) of this section. Based upon the Notice of 
Claim, the reply, and the objection with basis, the Assistant 
Administrator will issue an order granting or denying the request for 
informal hearing.
    (A) Informal hearing granted. If the request for informal hearing is 
granted by the Assistant Administrator, a Hearing Officer will be 
assigned to hear the matter and will set forth the date, time and 
location for hearing. No further motions will be entertained, and no 
discovery will be allowed. At hearing, all parties may present evidence, 
written and oral, to the Hearing Officer, following which the Hearing 
Officer will issue a report to the Assistant Administrator containing 
findings of fact and recommending a disposition of the matter. The 
report will serve as the sole record of the proceedings. The Assistant 
Administrator may issue a Final Agency Order adopting the report, or 
issue other such orders as he/she may deem appropriate. By participating 
in an informal hearing, respondent waives its right to a formal hearing.
    (B) Informal hearing denied. If the request for informal hearing is 
denied, the Field Administrator must serve a motion for Final Agency 
Order pursuant to Sec.  386.36, unless otherwise directed by the 
Assistant Administrator. The motion must set forth the reasons why the 
Field Administrator is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. 
Respondent must, within 45 days of service of the motion for Final 
Agency Order, submit and serve a response to the Field Administrator's 
motion.

[[Page 365]]

After reviewing the record, the Assistant Administrator will set the 
matter for formal hearing by referral to the Office of Hearings, or will 
issue a Final Agency Order based upon the submissions.
    (C) Nothing in this section shall limit the Assistant 
Administrator's authority to refer any matter for formal hearing, even 
in instances where respondent seeks only an informal hearing.

[70 FR 28481, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.17  Intervention.

    After the matter is called for hearing and before the date set for 
the hearing to begin, any person may petition for leave to intervene. 
The petition is to be served on the administrative law judge. The 
petition must set forth the reasons why the petitioner alleges he/she is 
entitled to intervene. The petition must be served on all parties in 
accordance with Sec.  386.31. Any party may file a response within 10 
days of service of the petition. The administrative law judge shall then 
determine whether to permit or deny the petition. The petition will be 
allowed if the administrative law judge determines that the final 
decision could directly and adversely affect the petitioner or the class 
he/she represents, and if the petitioner may contribute materially to 
the disposition of the proceedings and his/her interest is not 
adequately represented by existing parties. Once admitted, a petitioner 
is a party for the purpose of all subsequent proceedings.



Sec.  386.18  Payment of the claim.

    (a) Payment of the full amount claimed may be made at any time 
before issuance of a Final Agency Order and will constitute an admission 
of liability by the respondent of all facts alleged in the Notice of 
Claim, unless the parties agree in writing that payment shall not be 
treated as an admission. After the issuance of a Final Agency Order, 
claims are subject to interest, penalties, and administrative charges, 
in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 3717; 49 CFR part 89; and 31 CFR 901.9.
    (b) If respondent elects to pay the full amount as its response to 
the Notice of Claim, payment must be served upon the Field Administrator 
at the Service Center designated in the Notice of Claim within 30 days 
following service of the Notice of Claim. No written reply is necessary 
if respondent elects the payment option during the 30-day reply period. 
Failure to serve full payment within 30 days of service of the Notice of 
Claim when this option has been chosen may constitute a default and may 
result in the Notice of Claim, including the civil penalty assessed by 
the Notice of Claim, becoming the Final Agency Order in the proceeding 
pursuant to Sec.  386.14(c).
    (c) Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the parties, payment of 
the full amount in response to the Notice of Claim constitutes an 
admission of liability by the respondent of all facts alleged in the 
Notice of Claim. Payment waives respondent's opportunity to further 
contest the claim and will result in the Notice of Claim becoming the 
Final Agency Order.

[70 FR 28482, May 18, 2005, as amended at 77 FR 24870, Apr. 26, 2012]



                     Subpart C_Settlement Agreements



Sec.  386.22  Settlement agreements and their contents.

    (a) Settlement agreements. (1) When negotiations produce an 
agreement as to the amount or terms of payment of a civil penalty or the 
terms and conditions of an order, a settlement agreement shall be drawn 
and signed by the respondent and the Field Administrator or his/her 
designee. Such settlement agreement must contain the following:
    (i) The statutory basis of the claim;
    (ii) A brief statement of the violations;
    (iii) The amount claimed and the amount paid;
    (iv) The date, time, and place and form of payment;
    (v) A statement that the agreement is not binding on the Agency 
until executed by the Field Administrator or his/her designee;
    (vi) A statement that failure to pay in accordance with the terms of 
the agreement or to comply with the terms of the agreement may result in 
the reinstatement of any penalties held in abeyance and may also result 
in the loss of any reductions in civil penalties

[[Page 366]]

asserted in the Notice of Claim, in which case the original amount 
asserted will be due immediately; and
    (vii) A statement that the agreement is the Final Agency Order.
    (2) A settlement agreement may contain any conditions, actions, or 
provisions agreed by the parties to redress the violations cited in the 
Notice of Claim or notice of violation.
    (3) A settlement agreement accepted and approved by the Assistant 
Administrator or Administrative Law Judge is a Final Agency Order which 
is binding on all parties according to its terms. Consent to a 
settlement agreement which has not yet been approved by the Assistant 
Administrator or Administrative Law Judge may not be withdrawn for a 
period of 30 days.
    (b) Civil penalty proceedings not before agency decisionmaker. When 
the parties have agreed to a settlement at any time prior to the case 
coming before the Agency decisionmaker, the parties may execute an 
appropriate agreement for disposing of the case. The agreement does not 
require approval by the Agency decisionmaker. The agreement becomes the 
Final Agency Order upon execution by the Field Administrator or his/her 
designee.
    (c) Civil penalty proceedings before agency decisionmaker. When a 
respondent has agreed to a settlement of a civil penalty before a Final 
Agency Order has been issued, the parties may execute an appropriate 
agreement for disposal of the case by consent for the consideration of 
the Assistant Administrator. The agreement is filed with the Assistant 
Administrator, who may accept it, reject it and direct that proceedings 
in the case continue, or take such other action as he/she deems 
appropriate. If the Assistant Administrator accepts the agreement, he/
she shall enter an order in accordance with its terms. The settlement 
agreement becomes the Final Agency Order as of the date the Assistant 
Administrator enters an order accepting the settlement agreement.
    (d) Civil penalty proceedings before Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). 
When a respondent has agreed to a settlement of a civil penalty before 
the hearing is concluded, the parties may execute an appropriate 
agreement for disposing of the case by consent for the consideration of 
the ALJ. The agreement is filed with the ALJ who may accept it, reject 
it and direct that proceedings in the case continue, or take such other 
action as he/she deems appropriate. If the ALJ accepts the agreement, 
he/she shall enter an order in accordance with its terms. The settlement 
agreement becomes the Final Agency Order as per Sec.  386.61.
    (e) Civil penalty proceedings before Hearing Officer. When a 
respondent has agreed to a settlement of a civil penalty before the 
hearing is concluded, the parties may execute an appropriate agreement 
for disposal of the case for the consideration of the Hearing Officer. 
The agreement is filed with the Hearing Officer, who, within 20 days of 
receipt, will make a report and recommendation to the Assistant 
Administrator who may accept it, reject it and direct that proceedings 
in the case continue, or take such other action as he/she deems 
appropriate. If the Assistant Administrator accepts the agreement, he/
she will enter an order in accordance with its terms. The settlement 
agreement becomes the Final Agency Order as of the date the Assistant 
Administrator enters an order accepting the settlement agreement.

[70 FR 28482, May 18, 2005, as amended at 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013]



                  Subpart D_General Rules and Hearings



Sec.  386.30  Enforcement proceedings under part 395.

    (a) General. A motor carrier is liable for any act or failure to act 
by an employee, as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter, that 
violates any provision of part 395 of this subchapter if the act or 
failure to act is within the course of the motor carrier's operations. 
The fact that an employee may be liable for a violation in a proceeding 
under this subchapter, based on the employee's act or failure to act, 
does not affect the liability of the motor carrier.
    (b) Burden of proof. Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
subchapter, the burden is on a motor carrier to prove that the employee 
was acting outside the scope of the motor carrier's operations when 
committing an act or

[[Page 367]]

failing to act in a manner that violates any provision of part 395 of 
this subchapter.
    (c) Imputed knowledge of documents. A motor carrier shall be deemed 
to have knowledge of any document in its possession and any document 
that is available to the motor carrier and that the motor carrier could 
use in ensuring compliance with part 395 of this subchapter. ``Knowledge 
of any document'' means knowledge of the fact that a document exists and 
the contents of the document.

[80 FR 78382, Dec. 16, 2015]



Sec.  386.31  Official notice.

    Upon notification to all parties, the Assistant Administrator or 
Administrative Law Judge may take official notice of any fact or 
document not appearing in evidence in the record. Any party objecting to 
the official notice must file an objection within 10 days after service 
of the notice. If a Final Agency Order has been issued, and the decision 
rests on a material and disputable fact of which the Agency 
decisionmaker has taken official notice, a party may challenge the 
action of official notice in accordance with Sec.  386.64 of this part.

[70 FR 28483, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.34  Motions.

    (a) General. An application for an order or ruling not otherwise 
covered by these rules shall be by motion. All motions filed prior to 
the calling of the matter for a hearing shall be to the Assistant 
Administrator. All motions filed after the matter is called for hearing 
shall be to the administrative law judge.
    (b) Form. Unless made during hearing, motions shall be made in 
writing, shall state with particularity the grounds for relief sought, 
and shall be accompanied by affidavits or other evidence relied upon.
    (c) Answers. Except when a motion is filed during a hearing, any 
party may file an answer in support or opposition to a motion, 
accompanied by affidavits or other evidence relied upon. Such answers 
shall be served within 20 days after the motion is served or within such 
other time as the Assistant Administrator or administrative law judge 
may set.
    (d) Argument. Oral argument or briefs on a motion may be ordered by 
the Assistant Administrator or the administrative law judge.
    (e) Disposition. Motions may be ruled on immediately or at any other 
time specified by the administrative law judge or the Assistant 
Administrator.
    (f) Suspension of time. The pendency of a motion shall not affect 
any time limits set in these rules unless expressly ordered by the 
Assistant Administrator or administrative law judge.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985. Redesignated and amended at 70 FR 28483, May 
18, 2005]



Sec.  386.35  Motions to dismiss and motions for a more definite statement.

    (a) Motions to dismiss must be made within the time set for reply or 
petition to review, except motions to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction, 
which may be made at any time.
    (b) Motions for a more definite statement may be made in lieu of a 
reply. The motion must point out the defects complained of and the 
details desired. If the motion is granted, the pleading complained of 
must be remedied within 15 days of the granting of the motion or it will 
be stricken. If the motion is denied, the party who requested the more 
definite statement must file his/her pleading within 10 days after the 
denial.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985. Redesignated at 70 FR 28483, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.36  Motions for final agency order.

    (a) Generally. Unless otherwise provided in this section, the motion 
and answer will be governed by Sec.  386.34. Either party may file a 
motion for final order. The motion must be served in accordance with 
Sec. Sec.  386.6 and 386.7. If the matter is still pending before the 
service center, upon filing, the matter is officially transferred from 
the service center to the Agency decisionmaker, who will then preside 
over the matter.
    (b) Form and content. (1) Movant's filing must contain a motion and 
memorandum of law, which may be separate or combined and must include 
all responsive pleadings, notices, and other filings in the case to 
date.

[[Page 368]]

    (2) The motion for final order must be accompanied by written 
evidence in accordance with Sec.  386.49.
    (3) The motion will state with particularity the grounds upon which 
it is based and the substantial matters of law to be argued. A Final 
Agency Order may be issued if, after reviewing the record in a light 
most favorable to the non-moving party, the Agency decisionmaker 
determines no genuine issue exists as to any material fact.
    (c) Answer to Motion. The non-moving party will, within 45 days of 
service of the motion for final order, submit and serve a response to 
rebut movant's motion.

[70 FR 28483, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.37  Discovery.

    (a) Parties may obtain discovery by one or more of the following 
methods: Depositions upon oral examination or written questions; written 
interrogatories; request for production of documents or other evidence 
for inspection and other purposes; physical and mental examinations; and 
requests for admission.
    (b) Discovery may not commence until the matter is pending before 
the Assistant Administrator or referred to the Office of Hearings.
    (c) Except as otherwise provided in these rules, in the 
Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 551 et seq., or by the Assistant 
Administrator or Administrative Law Judge, in the absence of specific 
Agency provisions or regulations, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 
may serve as guidance in administrative adjudications.

[70 FR 28483, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.38  Scope of discovery.

    (a) Unless otherwise limited by order of the Assistant Administrator 
or, in cases that have been called for a hearing, the administrative law 
judge, in accordance with these rules, the parties may obtain discovery 
regarding any matter, not privileged, which is relevant to the subject 
matter involved in the proceeding, including the existence, description, 
nature, custody, condition, and location of any books, documents, or 
other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having 
knowledge of any discoverable matter.
    (b) It is not ground for objection that information sought will not 
be admissible at the hearing if the information sought appears 
reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence.
    (c) A party may obtain discovery of documents and tangible things 
otherwise discoverable under paragraph (a) of this section and prepared 
in anticipation of or for the hearing by or for another party's 
representative (including his or her attorney, consultant, surety, 
indemnitor, insurer, or agent) only upon a showing that the party 
seeking discovery has substantial need of the materials in the 
preparation of his or her case and that he or she is unable without 
undue hardship to obtain the substantial equivalent of the materials by 
other means. In ordering discovery of such materials when the required 
showing has been made, the Assistant Administrator or the administrative 
law judge shall protect against disclosure of the mental impressions, 
conclusions, opinions, or legal theories of an attorney or other 
representative of a party concerning the proceeding.



Sec.  386.39  Protective orders.

    Upon motion by a party or other person from whom discovery is 
sought, and for good cause shown, the Assistant Administrator or the 
administrative law judge, if one has been appointed, may make any order 
which justice requires to protect a party or person from annoyance, 
embarrassment, oppression, or undue burden or expense, including one or 
more of the following:
    (a) The discovery not be had;
    (b) The discovery may be had only on specified terms and conditions, 
including a designation of the time or place;
    (c) The discovery may be had only by a method of discovery other 
than that selected by the party seeking discovery;
    (d) Certain matters not relevant may not be inquired into, or that 
the scope of discovery be limited to certain matters;
    (e) Discovery be conducted with no one present except persons 
designated

[[Page 369]]

by the Assistant Administrator or the administrative law judge; or
    (f) A trade secret or other confidential research, development, or 
commercial information may not be disclosed or be disclosed only in a 
designated way.



Sec.  386.40  Supplementation of responses.

    A party who has responded to a request for discovery with a response 
that was complete when made is under no duty to supplement his/her 
response to include information thereafter acquired, except as follows:
    (a) A party is under a duty to supplement timely his/her response 
with respect to any question directly addressed to:
    (1) The identity and location of persons having knowledge of 
discoverable matters; and
    (2) The identity of each person expected to be called as an expert 
witness at the hearing, the subject matter on which he or she is 
expected to testify and the substance of his or her testimony.
    (b) A party is under a duty to amend timely a prior response if he 
or she later obtains information upon the basis of which:
    (1) he or she knows the response was incorrect when made; or
    (2) he or she knows that the response though correct when made is no 
longer true and the circumstances are such that a failure to amend the 
response is in substance a knowing concealment.
    (c) A duty to supplement responses may be imposed by order of the 
Assistant Administrator or the administrative law judge or agreement of 
the parties.



Sec.  386.41  Stipulations regarding discovery.

    Unless otherwise ordered, a written stipulation entered into by all 
the parties and filed with the Assistant Administrator or the 
administrative law judge, if one has been appointed, may:
    (a) Provide that depositions be taken before any person, at any time 
or place, upon sufficient notice, and in any manner, and when so taken 
may be used like other depositions, and
    (b) Modify the procedures provided by these rules for other methods 
of discovery.



Sec.  386.42  Written interrogatories to parties.

    (a) Without leave, any party may serve upon any other party written 
interrogatories to be answered by the party to whom the interrogatories 
are directed; or, if that party is a public or private corporation or 
partnership or association or governmental agency, by any officer or 
agent, who will furnish the information available to that party.
    (b) The maximum number of interrogatories served will not exceed 30, 
including all subparts, unless the Assistant Administrator or 
Administrative Law Judge permits a larger number on motion and for good 
cause shown. Other interrogatories may be added without leave, so long 
as the total number of approved and additional interrogatories does not 
exceed 30.
    (c) Each interrogatory shall be answered separately and fully in 
writing under oath unless it is objected to, in which event the grounds 
for objection shall be stated and signed by the party, or counsel for 
the party, if represented, making the response. The party to whom the 
interrogatories are directed shall serve the answers and any objections 
within 30 days after the service of the interrogatories, or within such 
shortened or longer period as the Assistant Administrator or the 
Administrative Law Judge may allow.
    (d) Motions to compel may be made in accordance with Sec.  386.45.
    (e) A notice of discovery must be served on the Assistant 
Administrator or, in cases that have been referred to the Office of 
Hearings, on the Administrative Law Judge. A copy of the 
interrogatories, answers, and all related pleadings must be served on 
all parties to the proceeding.
    (f) An interrogatory otherwise proper is not necessarily 
objectionable merely because an answer to the interrogatory involves an 
opinion or contention that relates to fact or the application of law to 
fact, but the Assistant Administrator or Administrative Law Judge may 
order that such an interrogatory

[[Page 370]]

need not be answered until after designated discovery has been completed 
or until a prehearing conference or other later time.

[70 FR 28483, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.43  Production of documents and other evidence; entry upon
land for inspection and other purposes; and physical and mental
examination.

    (a) Any party may serve on any other party a request to:
    (1) Produce and permit the party making the request, or a person 
acting on his or her behalf, to inspect and copy any designated 
documents, or to inspect and copy, test, or sample any tangible things 
which are in the possession, custody, or control of the party upon whom 
the request is served; or
    (2) Permit entry upon designated land or other property in the 
possession or control of the party upon whom the request is served for 
the purpose of inspection and measuring, photographing, testing, or for 
other purposes as stated in paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
    (3) Submit to a physical or mental examination by a physician.
    (b) The request may be served on any party without leave of the 
Assistant Administrator or administrative law judge.
    (c) The request shall:
    (1) Set forth the items to be inspected either by individual item or 
category;
    (2) Describe each item or category with reasonable particularity;
    (3) Specify a reasonable time, place, and manner of making the 
inspection and performing the related acts;
    (4) Specify the time, place, manner, conditions, and scope of the 
physical or mental examination and the person or persons by whom it is 
to be made. A report of examining physician shall be made in accordance 
with Rule 35(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, title 28, U.S. 
Code, as amended.
    (d) The party upon whom the request is served shall serve on the 
party submitting the request a written response within 30 days after 
service of the request.
    (e) The response shall state, with respect to each item or category:
    (1) That inspection and related activities will be permitted as 
requested; or
    (2) That objection is made in whole or in part, in which case the 
reasons for objection shall be stated.
    (f) A copy of each request for production and each written response 
shall be served on all parties and filed with the Assistant 
Administrator or the administrative law judge, if one has been 
appointed.



Sec.  386.44  Request for admissions.

    (a) Request for admission. (1) Any party may serve upon any other 
party a request for admission of any relevant matter or the authenticity 
of any relevant document. Copies of any document about which an 
admission is requested must accompany the request.
    (2) Each matter for which an admission is requested shall be 
separately set forth and numbered. The matter is admitted unless within 
15 days after service of the request, the party to whom the request is 
directed serves upon the party requesting the admission a written answer 
signed by the party or his/her attorney.
    (3) Each answer must specify whether the party admits or denies the 
matter. If the matter cannot be admitted or denied, the party shall set 
out in detail the reasons.
    (4) A party may not issue a denial or fail to answer on the ground 
that he/she lacks knowledge unless he/she has made reasonable inquiry to 
ascertain information sufficient to allow him/her to admit or deny.
    (5) A party may file an objection to a request for admission within 
10 days after service. Such motion shall be filed with the 
administrative law judge if one has been appointed, otherwise it shall 
be filed with the Assistant Administrator. An objection must explain in 
detail the reasons the party should not answer. A reply to the objection 
may be served by the party requesting the admission within 10 days after 
service of the objection. It is not sufficient ground for objection to 
claim that the matter about which an admission is requested presents an 
issue of fact for hearing.

[[Page 371]]

    (b) Effect of admission. Any matter admitted is conclusively 
established unless the Assistant Administrator or administrative law 
judge permits withdrawal or amendment. Any admission under this rule is 
for the purpose of the pending action only and may not be used in any 
other proceeding.
    (c) If a party refuses to admit a matter or the authenticity of a 
document which is later proved, the party requesting the admission may 
move for an award of expenses incurred in making the proof. Such a 
motion shall be granted unless there was a good reason for failure to 
admit.



Sec.  386.45  Motion to compel discovery.

    (a) If a deponent fails to answer a question propounded or a party 
upon whom a request is made pursuant to Sec. Sec.  386.42 through 
386.44, or a party upon whom interrogatories are served fails to respond 
adequately or objects to the request, or any part thereof, or fails to 
permit inspection as requested, the discovering party may move the 
Assistant Administrator or the administrative law judge, if one has been 
appointed, for an order compelling a response or inspection in 
accordance with the request.
    (b) The motion shall set forth:
    (1) The nature of the questions or request;
    (2) The response or objections of the party upon whom the request 
was served; and
    (3) Arguments in support of the motion.
    (c) For purposes of this section, an evasive answer or incomplete 
answer or response shall be treated as a failure to answer or respond.
    (d) In ruling on a motion made pursuant to this section, the 
Assistant Administrator or the administrative law judge, if one has been 
appointed, may make and enter a protective order such as he or she is 
authorized to enter on a motion made pursuant to Sec.  386.39(a).



Sec.  386.46  Depositions.

    (a) When, how, and by whom taken. (1) The deposition of any witness 
may be taken at reasonable times subsequent to the appointment of an 
Administrative Law Judge. Prior to referral to the Office of Hearings, a 
party may petition the Assistant Administrator, in accordance with Sec.  
386.37, for leave to conduct a deposition based on good cause shown.
    (2) Depositions may be taken by oral examination or upon written 
interrogatories before any person having power to administer oaths.
    (3) The parties may stipulate in writing or the Administrative Law 
Judge may upon motion order that a deposition be taken by telephone or 
other remote electronic means.
    (4) If a subpoena duces tecum is to be served on the person to be 
examined, the designation of the materials to be produced as set forth 
in the subpoena shall be attached to, or included in, the notice.
    (5) If the deposition is to be recorded by videotape or audiotape, 
the notice shall specify the method of recording.
    (b) Application. Any party desiring to take the deposition of a 
witness must indicate to the witness and all other parties the time 
when, the place where, and the name and post office address of the 
person before whom the deposition is to be taken; the name and address 
of each witness; and the subject matter concerning which each such 
witness is expected to testify.
    (c) Notice. A party desiring to take a deposition must give notice 
to the witness and all other parties. Notice must be in writing. Notice 
of the deposition must be given not less than 20 days from when the 
deposition is to be taken if the deposition is to be held within the 
continental United States and not less than 30 days from when the 
deposition is to be taken if the deposition is to be held elsewhere, 
unless a shorter time is agreed to by the parties or by leave of the 
Assistant Administrator or Administrative Law Judge by motion for good 
cause shown.
    (d) Depositions upon written questions. Within 14 days after the 
notice and written questions are served, a party may serve cross-
questions upon all other parties. Within 7 days after being served with 
cross-questions, a party may serve redirect questions upon all other 
parties. Within 7 days after being served with redirect questions, a 
party may serve recross questions upon all other parties. The Assistant 
Administrator or Administrative Law Judge

[[Page 372]]

may enlarge or shorten the time for cause shown.
    (e) Taking and receiving in evidence. Each witness testifying upon 
deposition must be sworn, and any other party must be given the right to 
cross-examine. The questions propounded and the answers to them, 
together with all objections made, must be reduced to writing; read by 
or to, and subscribed by the witness; and certified by the person 
administering the oath. The person who took the deposition must seal the 
deposition transcript in an envelope and file it in accordance with 
Sec.  386.7. Subject to objections to the questions and answers as were 
noted at the time of taking the deposition and which would have been 
valid if the witness were personally present and testifying, the 
deposition may be read and offered in evidence by the party taking it as 
against any party who was present or represented at the taking of the 
deposition or who had due notice of it.
    (f) Witness limit. No party may seek deposition testimony of more 
than five witnesses without leave of the Agency decisionmaker for good 
cause shown. Individual depositions are not to exceed 8 hours for any 
one witness.
    (g) Motion to terminate or limit examination. During the taking of a 
deposition, a party or deponent may request suspension of the deposition 
on grounds of bad faith in the conduct of the examination, oppression of 
a deponent or party or improper questions propounded. The deposition 
will then be adjourned. The objecting party or deponent must, however, 
immediately move for a ruling on his or her objections to the deposition 
conduct or proceedings before the Assistant Administrator or 
Administrative Law Judge, who then may limit the scope or manner of the 
taking of the deposition.

[70 FR 28484, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.47  Use of deposition at hearings.

    (a) Generally. At the hearing, any part or all of a deposition, so 
far as admissible under the rules of evidence, may be used against any 
party who was present or represented at the taking of the deposition or 
who had due notice thereof in accordance with any one of the following 
provisions:
    (1) Any deposition may be used by any party for the purpose of 
contradicting or impeaching the testimony of the deponent as a witness.
    (2) The deposition of expert witnesses, particularly the deposition 
of physicians, may be used by any party for any purpose, unless the 
Assistant Administrator or administrative law judge rules that such use 
would be unfair or a violation of due process.
    (3) The deposition of a party or of anyone who at the time of taking 
the deposition was an officer, director, or duly authorized agent of a 
public or private organization, partnership, or association which is a 
party, may be used by any other party for any purpose.
    (4) The deposition of a witness, whether or not a party, may be used 
by any party for any purpose if the presiding officer finds:
    (i) That the witness is dead; or
    (ii) That the witness is out of the United States or more than 100 
miles from the place of hearing unless it appears that the absence of 
the witness was procured by the party offering the deposition; or
    (iii) That the witness is unable to attend to testify because of 
age, sickness, infirmity, or imprisonment; or
    (iv) That the party offering the deposition has been unable to 
procure the attendance of the witness by subpoena; or
    (v) Upon application and notice, that such exceptional circumstances 
exist as to make it desirable, in the interest of justice and with due 
regard to the importance of presenting the testimony of witnesses orally 
in open hearing, to allow the deposition to be used.
    (5) If only part of a deposition is offered in evidence by a party, 
any other party may require him or her to introduce all of it which is 
relevant to the part introduced, and any party may introduce any other 
parts.
    (b) Objections to admissibility. Except as provided in this 
paragraph, objection may be made at the hearing to receiving in evidence 
any deposition or part thereof for any reason which would require the 
exclusion of the evidence if the witness were then present and 
testifying.

[[Page 373]]

    (1) Objections to the competency of a witness or to the competency, 
relevancy or materiality of testimony are not waived by failure to make 
them before or during the taking of the deposition, unless the ground of 
the objection is one which might have been obviated or removed if 
presented at that time.
    (2) Errors and irregularities occurring at the oral examination in 
the manner of taking the deposition, in the form of the questions or 
answers, in the oath or affirmation, or in the conduct of parties and 
errors of any kind which might be obviated, removed, or cured if 
promptly presented, are waived unless reasonable objection thereto is 
made at the taking of the deposition.
    (3) Objections to the form or written interrogatories are waived 
unless served in writing upon the party propounding them.
    (c) Effect of taking using depositions. A party shall not be deemed 
to make a person his or her own witness for any purpose by taking his or 
her deposition. The introduction in evidence of the deposition or any 
part thereof for any purpose other than that of contradicting or 
impeaching the deponent makes the deponent the witness of the party 
introducing the deposition, but this shall not apply to the use by any 
other party of a deposition as described in paragraph (a)(2) of this 
section. At the hearing, any party may rebut any relevant evidence 
contained in a deposition whether introduced by him or her or by any 
other party.



Sec.  386.48  Medical records and physicians' reports.

    In cases involving the physical qualifications of drivers, copies of 
all physicians' reports, test results, and other medical records that a 
party intends to rely upon shall be served on all other parties at least 
30 days prior to the date set for a hearing. Except as waived by FMCSA, 
reports, test results and medical records not served under this rule 
shall be excluded from evidence at any hearing.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988; 65 
FR 7756, Feb. 16, 2000; 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 86 FR 57071, Oct. 
14, 2021]



Sec.  386.49  Form of written evidence.

    All written evidence should be submitted in the following forms:
    (a) A written statement of a person having personal knowledge of the 
facts alleged, or
    (b) Documentary evidence in the form of exhibits attached to a 
written statement identifying the exhibit and giving its source.

[70 FR 28484, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.51  Amendment and withdrawal of pleadings.

    (a) Except in instances covered by other rules, any time more than 
15 days prior to the hearing, a party may amend his/her pleadings by 
serving the amended pleading on the Assistant Administrator or the 
administrative law judge, if one has been appointed, and on all parties. 
Within 15 days prior to the hearing, an amendment shall be allowed only 
at the discretion of the Administrative law judge. When an amended 
pleading is filed, other parties may file a response and objection 
within 10 days.
    (b) A party may withdraw his/her pleading any time more than 15 days 
prior to the hearing by serving a notice of withdrawal on the Assistant 
Administrator or the Administrative Law Judge. Within 15 days prior to 
the hearing a withdrawal may be made only at the discretion of the 
Assistant Administrator or the Administrative Law Judge. The withdrawal 
will be granted absent a finding that the withdrawal will result in 
injustice, prejudice, or irreparable harm to the non-moving party, or is 
otherwise contrary to the public interest.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, as amended at 70 FR 28484, May 18, 2005; 78 
FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  386.52  Appeals from interlocutory rulings.

    (a) General. Unless otherwise provided in this subpart, a party may 
not appeal a ruling or decision of the Administrative Law Judge to the 
Assistant Administrator until the Administrative Law Judge's decision 
has been entered on the record. A decision or order of the Assistant 
Administrator on the interlocutory appeal does not constitute a Final 
Agency Order for

[[Page 374]]

the purposes of judicial review under Sec.  386.67.
    (b) Interlocutory appeal for cause. If a party files a written 
request for an interlocutory appeal for cause with the Administrative 
Law Judge, or orally requests an interlocutory appeal for cause, the 
proceedings are stayed until the Administrative Law Judge issues a 
decision on the request. If the Administrative Law Judge grants the 
request, the proceedings are stayed until the Assistant Administrator 
issues a decision on the interlocutory appeal. The Administrative Law 
Judge must grant an interlocutory appeal for cause if a party shows that 
delay of the appeal would be detrimental to the public interest or would 
result in undue prejudice to any party.
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) Procedure. A party must file a notice of interlocutory appeal, 
with any supporting documents, with the Assistant Administrator, and 
serve copies on each party and the Administrative Law Judge, not later 
than 10 days after the Administrative Law Judge's oral decision has been 
issued, or a written decision has been served. A party must file a reply 
brief, if any, with the Assistant Administrator and serve a copy of the 
reply brief on each party, not later than 10 days after service of the 
appeal brief. The Assistant Administrator will render a decision on the 
interlocutory appeal, within a reasonable time after receipt of the 
interlocutory appeal.
    (e) The Assistant Administrator may reject frivolous, repetitive, or 
dilatory appeals, and may issue an order precluding one or more parties 
from making further interlocutory appeals, and may order such further 
relief as required.

[70 FR 28484, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.53  Subpoenas, witness fees.

    (a) Applications for the issuance of subpoenas must be submitted to 
the Assistant Administrator, or in cases that have been called for a 
hearing, to the administrative law judge. The application must show the 
general relevance and reasonable scope of the evidence sought. Any 
person served with a subpoena may, within 7 days after service, file a 
motion to quash or modify. The motion must be filed with the official 
who approved the subpoena. The filing of a motion shall stay the effect 
of the subpoena until a decision is reached.
    (b) Witnesses shall be entitled to the same fees and mileage as are 
paid witnesses in the courts of the United States. The fees shall be 
paid by the party at whose instance the witness is subpoenaed or 
appears.
    (c) Paragraph (a) of this section shall not apply to the 
Administrator or employees of the FMCSA or to the production of 
documents in their custody. Applications for the attendance of such 
persons or the production of such documents at a hearing shall be made 
to the Assistant Administrator or administrative law judge, if one is 
appointed, and shall set forth the need for such evidence and its 
relevancy.



Sec.  386.54  Administrative Law Judge.

    (a) Powers of an Administrative Law Judge. The Administrative Law 
Judge may take any action and may prescribe all necessary rules and 
regulations to govern the conduct of the proceedings to ensure a fair 
and impartial hearing, and to avoid delay in the disposition of the 
proceedings. In accordance with the rules in this subchapter, an 
Administrative Law Judge may do the following:
    (1) Give notice of and hold prehearing conferences and hearings.
    (2) Administer oaths and affirmations.
    (3) Issue subpoenas authorized by law.
    (4) Rule on offers of proof.
    (5) Receive relevant and material evidence.
    (6) Regulate the course of the administrative adjudication in 
accordance with the rules of this subchapter and the Administrative 
Procedure Act.
    (7) Hold conferences to settle or simplify the issues by consent of 
the parties.
    (8) Dispose of procedural motions and requests, except motions that 
under this part are made directly to the Assistant Administrator.
    (9) Issue orders permitting inspection and examination of lands, 
buildings, equipment, and any other physical thing and the copying of 
any document.

[[Page 375]]

    (10) Make findings of fact and conclusions of law, and issue 
decisions.
    (11) To take any other action authorized by these rules and 
permitted by law.
    (b) Limitations on the power of the Administrative Law Judge. The 
Administrative Law Judge is bound by the procedural requirements of this 
part and the precedent opinions of the Agency. This section does not 
preclude an Administrative Law Judge from barring a person from a 
specific proceeding based on a finding of obstreperous or disruptive 
behavior in that proceeding.
    (c) Disqualification. The Administrative Law Judge may disqualify 
himself or herself at any time, either at the request of any party or 
upon his or her own initiative. Assignments of Administrative Law Judges 
are made by the Chief Administrative Law Judge upon the request of the 
Assistant Administrator. Any request for a change in such assignment, 
including disqualification, will be considered only for good cause which 
would unduly prejudice the proceeding.

[70 FR 28485, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.55  Prehearing conferences.

    (a) Convening. At any time before the hearing begins, the 
administrative law judge, on his/her own motion or on motion by a party, 
may direct the parties or their counsel to participate with him/her in a 
prehearing conference to consider the following:
    (1) Simplification and clarification of the issues;
    (2) Necessity or desirability of amending pleadings;
    (3) Stipulations as to the facts and the contents and authenticity 
of documents;
    (4) Issuance of and responses to subpoenas;
    (5) Taking of depositions and the use of depositions in the 
proceedings;
    (6) Orders for discovery, inspection and examination of premises, 
production of documents and other physical objects, and responses to 
such orders;
    (7) Disclosure of the names and addresses of witnesses and the 
exchange of documents intended to be offered in evidence; and
    (8) Any other matter that will tend to simplify the issues or 
expedite the proceedings.
    (b) Order. The administrative law judge shall issue an order which 
recites the matters discussed, the agreements reached, and the rulings 
made at the prehearing conference. The order shall be served on the 
parties and filed in the record of the proceedings.



Sec.  386.56  Hearings.

    (a) As soon as practicable after his/her appointment, the 
administrative law judge shall issue an order setting the date, time, 
and place for the hearing. The order shall be served on the parties and 
become a part of the record of the proceedings. The order may be amended 
for good cause shown.
    (b) Conduct of hearing. The administrative law judge presides over 
the hearing. Hearings are open to the public unless the administrative 
law judge orders otherwise.
    (c) Evidence. Except as otherwise provided in these rules and the 
Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 551 et seq., the Federal Rules of 
Evidence shall be followed.
    (d) Information obtained by investigation. Any document, physical 
exhibit, or other material obtained by the Administration in an 
investigation under its statutory authority may be disclosed by the 
Administration during the proceeding and may be offered in evidence by 
counsel for the Administration.
    (e) Record. The hearing shall be stenographically transcribed and 
reported. The transcript, exhibits, and other documents filed in the 
proceedings shall constitute the official record of the proceedings. A 
copy of the transcript and exhibits will be made available to any person 
upon payment of prescribed costs.



Sec.  386.57  Proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law.

    The administrative law judge shall afford the parties reasonable 
opportunity to submit proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law, and 
supporting reasons therefor. If the administrative law judge orders 
written proposals and arguments, each proposed finding must

[[Page 376]]

include a citation to the specific portion of the record relied on to 
support it. Written submissions, if any, must be served within the time 
period set by the administrative law judge.



Sec.  386.58  Burden of proof.

    (a) Enforcement cases. The burden of proof shall be on the 
Administration in enforcement cases.
    (b) Conflict of medical opinion. The burden of proof in cases 
arising under Sec.  391.47 of this chapter shall be on the party 
petitioning for review under Sec.  386.13(a).



                           Subpart E_Decision



Sec.  386.61  Decision.

    (a) Administrative Law Judge After receiving the proposed findings 
of fact, conclusions of law, and arguments of the parties, the 
administrative law judge shall issue a decision. If the proposed 
findings of fact, conclusions of law, and arguments were oral, he/she 
may issue an oral decision. The decision of the administrative law judge 
becomes the final decision of the Assistant Administrator 45 days after 
it is served unless a petition or motion for review is filed under Sec.  
386.62. The decision shall be served on all parties and on the Assistant 
Administrator.
    (b) Hearing Officer. The Hearing Officer will prepare a report to 
the Assistant Administrator containing findings of fact and recommended 
disposition of the matter within 45 days after the conclusion of the 
hearing. The Assistant Administrator will issue a Final Agency Order 
adopting the report, or may make other such determinations as 
appropriate. The Assistant Administrator's decision to adopt a Hearing 
Officer's report may be reviewed in accordance with Sec.  386.64.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, as amended at 70 FR 28485, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.62  Review of administrative law judge's decision.

    (a) All petitions to review must be accompanied by exceptions and 
briefs. Each petition must set out in detail objections to the initial 
decision and shall state whether such objections are related to alleged 
errors of law or fact. It shall also state the relief requested. Failure 
to object to any error in the initial decision shall waive the right to 
allege such error in subsequent proceedings.
    (b) Reply briefs may be filed within 30 days after service of the 
appeal brief.
    (c) No other briefs shall be permitted except upon request of the 
Assistant Administrator.
    (d) Copies of all briefs must be served on all parties.
    (e) No oral argument will be permitted except on order of the 
Assistant Administrator.



Sec.  386.63  Decision on review.

    Upon review of a decision, the Assistant Administrator may adopt, 
modify, or set aside the administrative law judge's findings of fact and 
conclusions of law. He/she may also remand proceedings to the 
administrative law judge with instructions for such further proceedings 
as he/she deems appropriate. If not remanded, the Assistant 
Administrator shall issue a final order disposing of the proceedings, 
and serve it on all parties.



Sec.  386.64  Reconsideration.

    (a) Within 20 days following service of the Final Agency Order, any 
party may petition the Assistant Administrator for reconsideration of 
the order. If a civil penalty was imposed, the filing of a petition for 
reconsideration stays the entire action, unless the Assistant 
Administrator orders otherwise.
    (b) In the event a Notice of Default and Final Agency Order is 
issued by the Field Administrator as a result of the respondent's 
failure to reply in accordance with Sec.  386.14(a), the only issue that 
will be considered upon reconsideration is whether a default has 
occurred under Sec.  386.14(c). The Final Agency Order may be vacated 
where a respondent can demonstrate excusable neglect, a meritorious 
defense, or due diligence in seeking relief.
    (c) Either party may serve an answer to a petition for 
reconsideration within 30 days of the service date of the petition.
    (d) Following the close of the 30-day period, the Assistant 
Administrator will rule on the petition.

[[Page 377]]

    (e) The ruling on the petition will be the Final Agency Order. A 
petition for reconsideration of the Assistant Administrator's ruling 
will not be permitted.

[70 FR 28485, May 18, 2005]



Sec.  386.65  Failure to comply with final order.

    If, within 30 days of receipt of a final agency order issued under 
this part, the respondent does not submit in writing his/her acceptance 
of the terms of an order directing compliance, or, where appropriate, 
pay a civil penalty, or file an appeal under Sec.  386.67, the case may 
be referred to the Attorney General with a request that an action be 
brought in the appropriate United States District Court to enforce the 
terms of a compliance order or collect the civil penalty.



Sec.  386.66  Motions for rehearing or for modification.

    (a) No motion for rehearing or for modification of an order shall be 
entertained for 1 year following the date the Assistant Administrator's 
order goes into effect. After 1 year, any party may file a motion with 
the Assistant Administrator requesting a rehearing or modification of 
the order. The motion must contain the following:
    (1) A copy of the order about which the change is requested;
    (2) A statement of the changed circumstances justifying the request; 
and
    (3) Copies of all evidence intended to be relied on by the party 
submitting the motion.
    (b) Upon receipt of the motion, the Assistant Administrator may make 
a decision denying the motion or modifying the order in whole or in 
part. He/she may also, prior to making his/her decision, order such 
other proceedings under these rules as he/she deems necessary and may 
request additional information from the party making the motion.



Sec.  386.67  Judicial review.

    (a) Any party to the underlying proceeding, who, after an 
administrative adjudication, is adversely affected by a Final Agency 
Order issued under 49 U.S.C. 521 may, within 30 days of service of the 
Final Agency Order, petition for review of the order in the United 
States Court of Appeals in the circuit where the violation is alleged to 
have occurred, or where the violator has its principal place of business 
or residence, or in the United States Court of Appeals for the District 
of Columbia Circuit.
    (b) Judicial review will be based on a determination of whether the 
findings and conclusions in the Final Agency Order were supported by 
substantial evidence or were otherwise not in accordance with law. No 
objection that has not been raised before the Agency will be considered 
by the court, unless reasonable grounds existed for failure or neglect 
to do so. The commencement of proceedings under this section will not, 
unless ordered by the court, operate as a stay of the Final Agency Order 
of the Agency.

[70 FR 28485, May 18, 2005]



               Subpart F_Injunctions and Imminent Hazards



Sec.  386.71  Injunctions.

    Whenever it is determined that a person has engaged, or is about to 
engage, in any act or practice constituting a violation of section 31502 
of title 49, United States Code; of the Motor Carrier Safety Act of 
1984; the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act; or any regulation or 
order issued under that section or those Acts for which the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administrator exercises enforcement responsibility, 
FMCSA may request the United States Attorney General to bring an action 
in the appropriate United States District Court for such relief as is 
necessary or appropriate, including mandatory or prohibitive injunctive 
relief, interim equitable relief, and punitive damages, as provided by 
section 213(c) of the Motor Carrier Safety Act of 1984 and section 
111(a) of the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 507(c) 
5122).

[70 FR 28485, May 18, 2005, as amended at 86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  386.72  Imminent hazard.

    (a) Whenever it is determined that an imminent hazard exists as a 
result of the transportation by motor vehicle of

[[Page 378]]

a particular hazardous material, the Chief Counsel or Deputy Chief 
Counsel of the FMCSA may bring, or request the United States Attorney 
General to bring, an action in the appropriate United States District 
Court for an order suspending or restricting the transportation by motor 
vehicle of the hazardous material or for such other order as is 
necessary to eliminate or ameliorate the imminent hazard, as provided by 
49 U.S.C. 5122. In this paragraph, ``imminent hazard'' means the 
existence of a condition that presents a substantial likelihood that 
death, serious illness, severe personal injury, or a substantial 
endangerment to health, property, or the environment may occur before a 
notice of investigation proceeding, or other administrative hearing or 
formal proceeding, to abate the risk of harm can be completed.
    (b)(1) Whenever it is determined that a violation of 49 U.S.C. 31502 
or the Motor Carrier Safety Act of 1984, as amended, or the Commercial 
Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986, as amended, or a regulation issued 
under such section or Acts, or a combination of such violations, poses 
an imminent hazard to safety, FMCSA, shall order:
    (i) A commercial motor vehicle or employee operating such vehicle 
out-of-service, or order an employer to cease all or part of the 
employer's commercial motor vehicle operations, as provided by 49 U.S.C. 
521(b)(5);
    (ii) An intermodal equipment provider's specific vehicle or 
equipment out-of-service, or order an intermodal equipment provider to 
cease all or part of its operations, as provided by 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(5) 
and 49 U.S.C. 31151(a)(3)(I).
    (2) In making any such order, no restrictions shall be imposed on 
any vehicle, terminal or facility, employee, employer or intermodal 
equipment provider beyond that required to abate the hazard.
    (3) In this paragraph (b), imminent hazard means any condition of 
vehicle, intermodal equipment, employee, or commercial motor vehicle 
operations that substantially increases the likelihood of serious injury 
or death if not discontinued immediately.
    (4) Upon the issuance of an order under paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section, the motor carrier employer, intermodal equipment provider or 
driver employee shall comply immediately with such order. Opportunity 
for review shall be provided in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 554, except 
that such review shall occur not later than 10 days after issuance of 
such order, as provided by section 213(b) of the Motor Carrier Safety 
Act of 1984 (49 U.S.C. 521(b)(5)). An order to an employer or intermodal 
equipment provider to cease all or part of its operations shall not 
prevent vehicles in transit at the time the order is served from 
proceeding to their immediate destinations, unless any such vehicle or 
its driver is specifically ordered out-of-service forthwith. However, 
vehicles and drivers proceeding to their immediate destination shall be 
subject to compliance upon arrival.
    (5) For purposes of this section, the term immediate destination is 
the next scheduled stop of the vehicle already in motion where the cargo 
on board can be safely secured.
    (6) Failure to comply immediately with an order issued under this 
section shall subject the motor carrier employer, intermodal equipment 
provider, or driver to penalties prescribed in subpart G of this part.

[50 FR 40306, Oct. 2, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988; 53 
FR 50970, Dec. 19, 1988; 56 FR 10184, Mar. 11, 1991; 65 FR 7756, Feb. 
16, 2000; 65 FR 58664, Oct. 2, 2000; 73 FR 76819, Dec. 17, 2008; 78 FR 
58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  386.73  Operations out of service and record consolidation 
proceedings (reincarnated carriers).

    (a) Out-of-service order. FMCSA may issue an out-of-service order to 
prohibit a motor carrier, intermodal equipment provider, broker, or 
freight forwarder from conducting operations subject to FMCSA 
jurisdiction upon a determination by FMCSA that the motor carrier, 
intermodal equipment provider, broker, or freight forwarder or an 
officer, employee, agent, or authorized representative of such an 
entity, operated or attempted to operate a motor carrier, intermodal 
equipment provider, broker, or freight forwarder under a new identity or 
as an affiliated entity to:

[[Page 379]]

    (1) Avoid complying with an FMCSA order;
    (2) Avoid complying with a statutory or regulatory requirement;
    (3) Avoid paying a civil penalty;
    (4) Avoid responding to an enforcement action; or
    (5) Avoid being linked with a negative compliance history.
    (b) Record consolidation order. In addition to, or in lieu of, an 
out-of-service order issued under this section, FMCSA may issue an order 
consolidating the records maintained by FMCSA concerning the current 
motor carrier, intermodal equipment provider, broker, and freight 
forwarder and its affiliated motor carrier, intermodal equipment 
provider, broker, or freight forwarder or its previous incarnation, for 
all purposes, upon a determination that the motor carrier, intermodal 
equipment provider, broker, and freight forwarder or officer, employee, 
agent, or authorized representative of the same, operated or attempted 
to operate a motor carrier, intermodal equipment provider, broker, or 
freight forwarder under a new identity or as an affiliated entity to:
    (1) Avoid complying with an FMCSA order;
    (2) Avoid complying with a statutory or regulatory requirement;
    (3) Avoid paying a civil penalty;
    (4) Avoid responding to an enforcement action; or
    (5) Avoid being linked with a negative compliance history.
    (c) Standard. FMCSA may determine that a motor carrier, intermodal 
equipment provider, broker, or freight forwarder is reincarnated if 
there is substantial continuity between the entities such that one is 
merely a continuation of the other. FMCSA may determine that a motor 
carrier, intermodal equipment provider, broker, or freight forwarder is 
an affiliate if the business operations are under common ownership and/
or common control. In making this determination, FMCSA may consider, 
among other things, the following factors:
    (1) Whether the new or affiliated entity was created for the purpose 
of evading statutory or regulatory requirements, an FMCSA order, 
enforcement action, or negative compliance history. In weighing this 
factor, FMCSA may consider the stated business purpose for the creation 
of the new or affiliated entity.
    (2) The previous entity's safety performance history, including, 
among other things, safety violations and enforcement actions of the 
Secretary, if any;
    (3) Consideration exchanged for assets purchased or transferred;
    (4) Dates of company creation and dissolution or cessation of 
operations;
    (5) Commonality of ownership between the current and former company 
or between current companies;
    (6) Commonality of officers and management personnel;
    (7) Identity of physical or mailing addresses, telephone, fax 
numbers, or email addresses;
    (8) Identity of motor vehicle equipment;
    (9) Continuity of liability insurance policies or commonality of 
coverage under such policies;
    (10) Commonality of drivers and other employees;
    (11) Continuation of carrier facilities and other physical assets;
    (12) Continuity or commonality of nature and scope of operations, 
including customers for whom transportation is provided;
    (13) Advertising, corporate name, or other acts through which the 
company holds itself out to the public;
    (d) Evaluating factors. FMCSA may examine, among other things, the 
company management structures, financial records, corporate filing 
records, asset purchase or transfer and title history, employee records, 
insurance records, and any other information related to the general 
operations of the entities involved and factors in paragraph (c) of this 
section.
    (e) Effective dates. An order issued under this section becomes the 
Final Agency Order and is effective on the 21st day after it is served 
unless a request for administrative review is served and filed as set 
forth in paragraph (g) of this section. Any motor carrier, intermodal 
equipment provider, broker, or freight forwarder that fails to comply 
with any prohibition or requirement set forth in an order issued under 
this section is subject to

[[Page 380]]

the applicable penalty provisions for each instance of noncompliance.
    (f) Commencement of proceedings. FMCSA may commence proceedings 
under this section by issuing an order that:
    (1) Provides notice of the factual and legal basis of the order;
    (2) In the case of an out-of-service order, identifies the 
operations prohibited by the order;
    (3) In the case of an order that consolidates records maintained by 
FMCSA, identifies the previous entity and current or affiliated motor 
carriers, intermodal equipment providers, brokers, or freight forwarders 
whose records will be consolidated;
    (4) Provides notice that the order is effective upon the 21st day 
after service;
    (5) Provides notice of the right to petition for administrative 
review of the order and that a timely petition will stay the effective 
date of the order unless the Assistant Administrator orders otherwise 
for good cause; and
    (6) Provides notice that failure to timely request administrative 
review of the order constitutes waiver of the right to contest the order 
and will result in the order becoming a Final Agency Order 21 days after 
it is served.
    (g) Administrative review. A motor carrier, intermodal equipment 
provider, broker, or freight forwarder issued an order under this 
section may petition for administrative review of the order. A petition 
for administrative review is limited to contesting factual or procedural 
errors in the issuance of the order under review and may not be 
submitted to demonstrate corrective action. A petition for 
administrative review that does not identify factual or procedural 
errors in the issuance of the order under review will be dismissed. 
Petitioners seeking to demonstrate corrective action may do so by 
submitting a Petition for Rescission under paragraph (h) of this 
section.
    (1) A petition for administrative review must be in writing and 
served on the Assistant Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001, 
Attention: Adjudications Counsel, or by electronic mail to 
[email protected]. A copy of the petition for administrative 
review must also be served on the FMCSA official who issued the order, 
at the physical address or electronic mail account identified in the 
order.
    (2) A petition for administrative review must be served within 15 
days of the date FMCSA served the order issued under this section. 
Failure to timely request administrative review waives the right to 
administrative review and constitutes an admission of the facts alleged 
in the order.
    (3) A petition for administrative review must include:
    (i) A copy of the order in dispute; and
    (ii) A statement of all factual and procedural issues in dispute.
    (4) If a petition for administrative review is timely served and 
filed, the petitioner may supplement the petition by serving documentary 
evidence and/or written argument that supports its position regarding 
the procedural or factual issues in dispute no later than 30 days from 
the date the disputed order was served. The supplementary documentary 
evidence or written argument may not expand the issues on review and 
need not address every issue identified in the petition. Failure to 
timely serve supplementary documentary evidence and/or written argument 
constitutes a waiver of the right to do so.
    (5) FMCSA must serve written argument and supporting documentary 
evidence, if any, in defense of the disputed order no later than 15 days 
following the period in which petitioner may serve supplemental 
documentary evidence and/or written argument in support of the petition 
for administrative review.
    (6) The Assistant Administrator may ask the parties to submit 
additional information or attend a conference to facilitate 
administrative review.
    (7) The Assistant Administrator will issue a written decision on the 
request for administrative review within 30 days of the close of the 
time period for FMCSA to serve written argument and supporting 
documentary evidence in defense of the order, or the actual filing of 
such written argument and documentary evidence, whichever is earlier.
    (8) If a petition for administrative review is timely served in 
accordance

[[Page 381]]

with this subsection, the disputed order is stayed, pending the 
Assistant Administrator's review. The Assistant Administrator may enter 
an order vacating the automatic stay in accordance with the following 
procedures:
    (i) The Agency Official may file a motion to vacate the automatic 
stay demonstrating good cause why the order should not be stayed. The 
Agency Official's motion must be in writing, state the factual and legal 
basis for the motion, be accompanied by affidavits or other evidence 
relied on, and be served on the petitioner and Assistant Administrator.
    (ii) The petitioner may file an answer in opposition, accompanied by 
affidavits or other evidence relied on. The answer must be served within 
10 days of service of the motion.
    (iii) The Assistant Administrator will issue a decision on the 
motion to vacate the automatic stay within 10 days of the close of the 
time period for serving the answer to the motion. The 30-day period for 
review of the petition for administrative review in paragraph (g)(7) of 
this section is tolled from the time the Agency Official's motion to 
lift a stay is served until the Assistant Administrator issues a 
decision on the motion.
    (9) The Assistant Administrator's decision on a petition for 
administrative review of an order issued under this section constitutes 
the Final Agency Order.
    (h) Petition for rescission. A motor carrier, intermodal equipment 
provider, broker, or freight forwarder may petition to rescind an order 
issued under this section if action has been taken to correct the 
deficiencies that resulted in the order.
    (1) A petition for rescission must be made in writing to the FMCSA 
official who issued the order.
    (2) A petition for rescission must include a copy of the order 
requested to be rescinded, a factual statement identifying all 
corrective action taken, and copies of supporting documentation.
    (3) Upon request and for good cause shown, FMCSA may grant the 
petitioner additional time, not to exceed 45 days, to complete 
corrective action initiated at the time the petition for rescission was 
filed.
    (4) FMCSA will issue a written decision on the petition for 
rescission within 60 days of service of the petition. The written 
decision will include the factual and legal basis for the determination.
    (5) If FMCSA grants the request for rescission, the written decision 
is the Final Agency Order.
    (6) If FMCSA denies the request for rescission, the petitioner may 
file a petition for administrative review of the denial with the 
Assistant Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
1200 New Jersey Ave. SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001, Attention: 
Adjudication Counsel or by electronic mail to 
[email protected]. The petition for administrative review of 
the denial must be served and filed within 15 days of the service of the 
decision denying the request for recession. The petition for 
administrative review must identify the disputed factual or procedural 
issues with respect to the denial of the petition for rescission. The 
petition may not, however, challenge the underlying basis of the order 
for which rescission was sought.
    (7) The Assistant Administrator will issue a written decision on the 
petition for administrative review of the denial of the petition for 
rescission within 60 days. The Assistant Administrator's decision 
constitutes the Final Agency Order.
    (i) Other orders unaffected. If a motor carrier, intermodal 
equipment provider, broker, or freight forwarder subject to an order 
issued under this section is or becomes subject to any other order, 
prohibition, or requirement of the FMCSA, an order issued under this 
section is in addition to, and does not amend or supersede such other 
order, prohibition, or requirement. A motor carrier, intermodal 
equipment provider, broker, or freight forwarder subject to an order 
issued under this section remains subject to the suspension and 
revocation provisions of 49 U.S.C. 13905 for violations of regulations 
governing their operations.

[[Page 382]]

    (j) Inapplicability of subparts. Subparts B, C, D, and E of this 
part, except Sec.  386.67, do not apply to this section.

[77 FR 24870, Apr. 26, 2012, as amended at 78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 
86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]



                           Subpart G_Penalties

    Source: 56 FR 10184, Mar. 11, 1991, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  386.81  General.

    (a) The amounts of civil penalties that can be assessed for 
regulatory violations subject to the proceedings in this subchapter are 
established in the statutes granting enforcement powers. The 
determination of the actual civil penalties assessed in each proceeding 
is based on those defined limits or minimums and consideration of 
information available at the time the claim is made concerning the 
nature, gravity of the violation and, with respect to the violator, the 
degree of culpability, history of prior offenses, effect on ability to 
continue to do business, and such other matters as justice and public 
safety may require. In addition to these factors, a civil penalty 
assessed under 49 U.S.C. 14901(a) and (d) concerning household goods is 
also based on the degree of harm caused to a shipper and whether the 
shipper has been adequately compensated before institution of the civil 
penalty proceeding. In adjudicating the claims and orders under the 
administrative procedures herein, additional information may be 
developed regarding these factors that may affect the final amount of 
the claim.
    (b) When assessing penalties for violations of notices and orders or 
settling claims based on these assessments, consideration will be given 
to good faith efforts to achieve compliance with the terms of the 
notices and orders.

[56 FR 10184, Mar. 11, 1991, as amended at 65 FR 7756, Feb. 16, 2000; 78 
FR 60232, Oct. 1, 2013]



Sec.  386.82  Civil penalties for violations of notices and orders.

    (a) Additional civil penalties are chargeable for violations of 
notices and orders which are issued under civil forfeiture proceedings 
pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 521(b). These notices and orders are as follows:
    (1) Notice to abate--Sec.  386.11 (b)(2) and (c)(1)(iv);
    (2) Notice to post--Sec.  386.11(c)(3);
    (3) Final order--Sec.  386.14, Sec.  386.17, Sec.  386.22, and Sec.  
386.61; and
    (4) Out-of-service order--Sec.  386.72(b)(1).
    (b) A schedule of these additional penalties is provided in the 
appendix A to this part. All the penalties are maximums, and discretion 
will be retained to meet special circumstances by setting penalties for 
violations of notices and orders, in some cases, at less than the 
maximum.
    (c) Claims for penalties provided in this section and in the 
appendix A to this part shall be made through the civil forfeiture 
proceedings contained in this part. The issues to be decided in such 
proceedings will be limited to whether violations of notices and orders 
occurred as claimed and the appropriate penalty for such violations. 
Nothing contained herein shall be construed to authorize the reopening 
of a matter already finally adjudicated under this part.

[56 FR 10184, Mar. 11, 1991, as amended at 67 FR 61821, Oct. 2, 2002; 70 
FR 28486, May 18, 2005; 77 FR 59826, Oct. 1, 2012]



Sec.  386.83  Sanction for failure to pay civil penalties or abide by
payment plan; operation in interstate commerce prohibited.

    (a)(1) General rule. (i) A CMV owner or operator that fails to pay a 
civil penalty in full within 90 days after the date specified for 
payment by FMCSA's final agency order, is prohibited from operating in 
interstate commerce starting on the next (i.e., the 91st) day. The 
prohibition continues until the FMCSA has received full payment of the 
penalty.
    (ii) An intermodal equipment provider that fails to pay a civil 
penalty in full within 90 days after the date specified for payment by 
FMCSA's final agency order, is prohibited from tendering intermodal 
equipment to motor carriers for operation in interstate commerce 
starting on the next (i.e., the 91st) day. The prohibition continues 
until the FMCSA has received full payment of the penalty.

[[Page 383]]

    (2) Civil penalties paid in installments. The FMCSA Service Center 
may allow a CMV owner or operator, or an intermodal equipment provider, 
to pay a civil penalty in installments. If the CMV owner or operator, or 
intermodal equipment provider, fails to make an installment payment on 
schedule, the payment plan is void and the entire debt is payable 
immediately. A CMV owner or operator, or intermodal equipment provider, 
that fails to pay the full outstanding balance of its civil penalty 
within 90 days after the date of the missed installment payment, is 
prohibited from operating in interstate commerce on the next (i.e., the 
91st) day. The prohibition continues until the FMCSA has received full 
payment of the entire penalty.
    (3) Appeals to Federal Court. If the CMV owner or operator, or 
intermodal equipment provider, appeals the final agency order to a 
Federal Circuit Court of Appeals, the terms and payment due date of the 
final agency order are not stayed unless the Court so directs.
    (b) Show cause proceeding. (1) FMCSA will notify a CMV owner or 
operator, or intermodal equipment provider, in writing if it has not 
received payment within 45 days after the date specified for payment by 
the final agency order or the date of a missed installment payment. The 
notice will include a warning that failure to pay the entire penalty 
within 90 days after payment was due, will result in the CMV owner or 
operator, or an intermodal equipment provider, being prohibited from 
operating in interstate commerce.
    (2) The notice will order the CMV owner or operator, or intermodal 
equipment provider, to show cause why it should not be prohibited from 
operating in interstate commerce on the 91st day after the date 
specified for payment. The prohibition may be avoided only by submitting 
to the Assistant Administrator:
    (i) Evidence that the respondent has paid the entire amount due; or
    (ii) Evidence that the respondent has filed for bankruptcy under 
chapter 11, title 11, United States Code. Respondents in bankruptcy must 
also submit the information required by paragraph (d) of this section.
    (3) The notice will be delivered by certified mail or commercial 
express service. If the principal place of business of a CMV owner or 
operator, or an intermodal equipment provider, is in a foreign country, 
the notice will be delivered to the designated agent of the CMV owner or 
operator or intermodal equipment provider.
    (c) A CMV owner or operator, or intermodal equipment provider that 
continues to operate in interstate commerce in violation of this section 
may be subject to additional sanctions under paragraph IV of (i) 
appendix A to part 386.
    (d) This section does not apply to any person who is unable to pay a 
civil penalty because the person is a debtor in a case under 11 U.S.C. 
chapter 11. CMV owners or operators, or intermodal equipment providers, 
in bankruptcy proceedings under chapter 11 must provide the following 
information in their response to the FMCSA:
    (1) The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code under which the bankruptcy 
proceeding is filed (i.e., chapter 7 or 11);
    (2) The bankruptcy case number;
    (3) The court in which the bankruptcy proceeding was filed; and
    (4) Any other information requested by the agency to determine a 
debtor's bankruptcy status.

[73 FR 76819, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 74 FR 68708, Dec. 29, 2009; 
78 FR 58481, Sept. 24, 2013; 86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  386.84  Sanction for failure to pay civil penalties or abide by
payment plan; suspension or revocation of registration.

    (a)(1) General rule. The registration of a broker, freight 
forwarder, for-hire motor carrier, foreign motor carrier or foreign 
motor private carrier that fails to pay a civil penalty in full within 
90 days after the date specified for payment by the FMCSA's final agency 
order, will be suspended starting on the next (i.e., the 91st) day. The 
suspension continues until the FMCSA has received full payment of the 
penalty.
    (2) Civil penalties paid in installments. The FMCSA Service Center 
may allow a respondent broker, freight forwarder, for-hire motor 
carrier, foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier to pay a 
civil penalty in installments.

[[Page 384]]

If the respondent fails to make an installment payment on schedule, the 
payment plan is void and the entire debt is payable immediately. The 
registration of a respondent that fails to pay the remainder of its 
civil penalty in full within 90 days after the date of the missed 
installment payment is suspended on the next (i.e., the 91st) day. The 
suspension continues until the FMCSA has received full payment of the 
entire penalty.
    (3) Appeals to Federal Court. If the respondent broker, freight 
forwarder, for-hire motor carrier, foreign motor carrier or foreign 
motor private carrier appeals the final agency order to a Federal 
Circuit Court of Appeals, the terms and payment due date of the final 
agency order are not stayed unless the Court so directs.
    (b) Show Cause Proceeding. (1) The FMCSA will notify a broker, 
freight forwarder, for-hire motor carrier, foreign motor carrier or 
foreign motor private carrier in writing if it has not received payment 
within 45 days after the date specified for payment by the final agency 
order or the date of a missed installment payment. The notice will 
include a warning that failure to pay the entire penalty within 90 days 
after payment was due will result in the suspension of the respondent's 
registration.
    (2) The notice will order the respondent to show cause why its 
registration should not be suspended on the 91st day after the date 
specified for payment. The prohibition may be avoided only by submitting 
to the Assistant Administrator:
    (i) Evidence that the respondent has paid the entire amount due; or
    (ii) Evidence that the respondent has filed for bankruptcy under 
chapter 11, title 11, United States Code. Respondents in bankruptcy must 
also submit the information required by paragraph (d) of this section.
    (3) The notice will be delivered by certified mail or commercial 
express service. If a respondent's principal place of business is in a 
foreign country, it will be delivered to the respondent's designated 
agent.
    (c) The registration of a broker, freight forwarder, for-hire motor 
carrier, foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier that 
continues to operate in interstate commerce in violation of this section 
after its registration has been suspended may be revoked after an 
additional notice and opportunity for a proceeding in accordance with 49 
U.S.C. 13905(c). Additional sanctions may be imposed under paragraph 
IV(i) of Appendix A to part 386.
    (d) This section does not apply to any person who is unable to pay a 
civil penalty because the person is a debtor in a case under chapter 11, 
title 11, United States Code. Brokers, freight forwarders, for-hire 
motor carriers, foreign motor carriers or foreign motor private carriers 
in bankruptcy proceedings under chapter 11 must provide the following 
information in their response to the FMCSA:
    (1) The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code under which the bankruptcy 
proceeding is filed (i.e., chapter 7 or 11);
    (2) The bankruptcy case number;
    (3) The court in which the bankruptcy proceeding was filed; and
    (4) Any other information requested by the agency to determine a 
debtor's bankruptcy status.

[65 FR 78428, Dec. 15, 2000, as amended at 78 FR 60232, Oct. 1, 2013; 86 
FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]





Sec. Appendix A to Part 386--Penalty Schedule: Violations of Notices and 
                                 Orders

    The Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 
2015 [Pub. L. 114-74, sec. 701, 129 Stat. 599] amended the Federal Civil 
Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 to require agencies to adjust 
civil penalties. Pursuant to that authority, the adjusted civil 
penalties identified in this appendix supersede the corresponding civil 
penalty amounts identified in title 49, United States Code.

                           I. Notice to Abate

    Violation--Failure to cease violations of the regulations in the 
time prescribed in the notice. (The time within which to comply with a 
notice to abate shall not begin to run with respect to contested 
violations, i.e., where there are material issues in dispute under Sec.  
386.14, until such time as the violation has been established.)
    Penalty--Reinstatement of any deferred assessment or payment of a 
penalty or portion thereof.

[[Page 385]]

                              II. Subpoena

    Violation--Failure to respond to Agency subpoena to appear and 
testify or produce records.
    Penalty--minimum of $1,288 but not more than $12,882 per violation.

                            III. Final Order

    Violation--Failure to comply with Final Agency Order.
    Penalty--Automatic reinstatement of any penalty previously reduced 
or held in abeyance and restoration of the full amount assessed in the 
Notice of Claim less any payments previously made.

                        IV. Out-of-Service Order

    a. Violation--Operation of a commercial vehicle by a driver during 
the period the driver was placed out of service.
    Penalty--Up to $2,232 per violation.
    (For purposes of this violation, the term ``driver'' means an 
operator of a commercial motor vehicle, including an independent 
contractor who, while in the course of operating a commercial motor 
vehicle, is employed or used by another person.)
    b. Violation--Requiring or permitting a driver to operate a 
commercial vehicle during the period the driver was placed out of 
service.
    Penalty--Up to $22,324 per violation.
    (This violation applies to motor carriers including an independent 
contractor who is not a ``driver,'' as defined under paragraph IV(a) 
above.)
    c. Violation--Operation of a commercial motor vehicle or intermodal 
equipment by a driver after the vehicle or intermodal equipment was 
placed out-of-service and before the required repairs are made.
    Penalty--$2,232 each time the vehicle or intermodal equipment is so 
operated. (This violation applies to drivers as defined in IV(a) above.)
    d. Violation--Requiring or permitting the operation of a commercial 
motor vehicle or intermodal equipment placed out-of-service before the 
required repairs are made.
    Penalty--Up to $22,324 each time the vehicle or intermodal equipment 
is so operated after notice of the defect is received.
    (This violation applies to intermodal equipment providers and motor 
carriers, including an independent owner operator who is not a 
``driver,'' as defined in IV(a) above.)
    e. Violation--Failure to return written certification of correction 
as required by the out-of-service order.
    Penalty--Up to $1,116 per violation.
    f. Violation--Knowingly falsifies written certification of 
correction required by the out of service order.
    Penalty--Considered the same as the violations described in 
paragraphs IV(c) and IV(d) of this appendix, and subject to the same 
penalties.

    Note: Falsification of certification may also result in criminal 
prosecution under 18 U.S.C.1001.

    g. Violation--Operating in violation of an order issued under Sec.  
386.72(b) to cease all or part of the employer's commercial motor 
vehicle operations or to cease part of an intermodal equipment 
provider's operations, i.e., failure to cease operations as ordered.
    Penalty--Up to $32,208 per day the operation continues after the 
effective date and time of the order to cease.
    h. Violation--Operating in violation of an order issued under Sec.  
386.73.
    Penalty--Up to $31,536 per day the operation continues after the 
effective date and time of the out-of-service order.
    i. Violation--Conducting operations during a period of suspension 
under Sec.  386.83 or Sec.  386.84 for failure to pay penalties.
    Penalty--Up to $18,170 for each day that operations are conducted 
during the suspension or revocation period.
    j. Violation--Conducting operations during a period of suspension or 
revocation under Sec.  385.911, Sec.  385.913, Sec.  385.1009, or Sec.  
385.1011 of this subchapter.
    Penalty--Up to $31,536 for each day that operations are conducted 
during the suspension or revocation period.

[80 FR 18155, Apr. 3, 2015, as amended at 81 FR 41463, June 27, 2016; 82 
FR 17590, Apr. 12, 2017; 83 FR 60750, Nov. 27, 2018; 84 FR 37076, July 
31, 2019; 86 FR 1760, Jan. 11, 2021; 86 FR 23256, May 3, 2021; 87 FR 
15870, Mar. 21, 2022; 88 FR 1129, Jan. 6, 2023]



 Sec. Appendix B to Part 386--Penalty Schedule: Violations and Monetary 
                                Penalties

    The Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 
2015 [Pub. L. 114-74, sec. 701, 129 Stat. 599] amended the Federal Civil 
Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 to require agencies to adjust 
civil penalties. Pursuant to that authority, the adjusted civil 
penalties identified in this appendix supersede the corresponding civil 
penalty amounts identified in title 49, United States Code.
    What are the types of violations and maximum monetary penalties?
    (a) Violations of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 
(FMCSRs):
    (1) Recordkeeping. A person or entity that fails to prepare or 
maintain a record required by part 40 of this title and parts 382, 
subpart A, B, C, D, E, or F, 385, and 390 through 399 of this 
subchapter, or prepares or maintains a required record that is 
incomplete, inaccurate, or false, is subject to a

[[Page 386]]

maximum civil penalty of $1,496 for each day the violation continues, up 
to $14,960.
    (2) Knowing falsification of records. A person or entity that 
knowingly falsifies, destroys, mutilates, or changes a report or record 
required by parts 382, subpart A, B, C, D, E, or F, 385, and 390 through 
399 of this subchapter, knowingly makes or causes to be made a false or 
incomplete record about an operation or business fact or transaction, or 
knowingly makes, prepares, or preserves a record in violation of a 
regulation order of the Secretary is subject to a maximum civil penalty 
of $14,960 if such action misrepresents a fact that constitutes a 
violation other than a reporting or recordkeeping violation.
    (3) Non-recordkeeping violations. A person or entity that violates 
part 382, subpart A, B, C, D, E, or F, part 385, or parts 390 through 
399 of this subchapter, except a recordkeeping requirement, is subject 
to a civil penalty not to exceed $18,170 for each violation.
    (4) Non-recordkeeping violations by drivers. A driver who violates 
parts 382, subpart A, B, C, D, E, or F, 385, and 390 through 399 of this 
subchapter, except a recordkeeping violation, is subject to a civil 
penalty not to exceed $4543.
    (5) Violation of 49 CFR 392.5. A driver placed out of service for 24 
hours for violating the alcohol prohibitions of 49 CFR 392.5(a) or (b) 
who drives during that period is subject to a civil penalty not to 
exceed $3740 for a first conviction and not less than $7481 for a second 
or subsequent conviction.
    (6) Egregious violations of driving-time limits in 49 CFR part 395. 
A driver who exceeds, and a motor carrier that requires or permits a 
driver to exceed, by more than 3 hours the driving-time limit in 49 CFR 
395.3(a) or 395.5(a), as applicable, shall be deemed to have committed 
an egregious driving-time limit violation. In instances of an egregious 
driving-time violation, the Agency will consider the ``gravity of the 
violation,'' for purposes of 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(D), sufficient to 
warrant imposition of penalties up to the maximum permitted by law.
    (7) Harassment. In instances of a violation of Sec.  390.36(b)(1) of 
this subchapter the Agency may consider the ``gravity of the 
violation,'' for purposes of 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(D), sufficient to 
warrant imposition of penalties up to the maximum permitted by law.
    (b) Commercial driver's license (CDL) violations. Any employer, 
employee, medical review officer, or service agent who violates any 
provision of 49 CFR part 382, subpart G, or any person who violates 49 
CFR part 383, subpart B, C, E, F, G, or H, is subject to a civil penalty 
not to exceed $6,755; except:
    (1) A CDL-holder who is convicted of violating an out-of-service 
order shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $3740 for a 
first conviction and not less than $7481 for a second or subsequent 
conviction;
    (2) An employer of a CDL-holder who knowingly allows, requires, 
permits, or authorizes an employee to operate a CMV during any period in 
which the CDL-holder is subject to an out-of-service order, is subject 
to a civil penalty of not less than $6,755 or more than $37,400; and
    (3) An employer of a CDL-holder who knowingly allows, requires, 
permits, or authorizes that CDL-holder to operate a CMV in violation of 
a Federal, State, or local law or regulation pertaining to railroad-
highway grade crossings is subject to a civil penalty of not more than 
$19,389.
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) Financial responsibility violations. A motor carrier that fails 
to maintain the levels of financial responsibility prescribed by part 
387 of this subchapter or any person (except an employee who acts 
without knowledge) who knowingly violates the rules of part 387, 
subparts A and B, is subject to a maximum penalty of $19,933. Each day 
of a continuing violation constitutes a separate offense.
    (e) Violations of the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and 
safety permitting regulations found in subpart E of part 385 of this 
subchapter. This paragraph (e) applies to violations by motor carriers, 
drivers, shippers and other persons who transport hazardous materials on 
the highway in commercial motor vehicles or cause hazardous materials to 
be so transported.
    (1) All knowing violations of 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or orders or 
regulations issued under the authority of that chapter applicable to the 
transportation or shipment of hazardous materials by commercial motor 
vehicle on the highways are subject to a civil penalty of not more than 
$96,624 for each violation. Each day of a continuing violation 
constitutes a separate offense.
    (2) All knowing violations of 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or orders or 
regulations issued under the authority of that chapter applicable to 
training related to the transportation or shipment of hazardous 
materials by commercial motor vehicle on the highways are subject to a 
civil penalty of not less than $582 and not more than $96,624 for each 
violation.
    (3) All knowing violations of 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or orders, 
regulations, or exemptions under the authority of that chapter 
applicable to the manufacture, fabrication, marking, maintenance, 
reconditioning, repair, or testing of a packaging or container that is 
represented, marked, certified, or sold as being qualified for use in 
the transportation or shipment of hazardous materials by commercial 
motor vehicle on the highways are subject to a civil penalty of not more 
than $96,624 for each violation.
    (4) Whenever regulations issued under the authority of 49 U.S.C. 
chapter 51 require

[[Page 387]]

compliance with the FMCSRs while transporting hazardous materials, any 
violations of the FMCSRs will be considered a violation of the HMRs and 
subject to a civil penalty of not more than $96,624.
    (5) If any violation subject to the civil penalties set out in 
paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) of this appendix results in death, serious 
illness, or severe injury to any person or in substantial destruction of 
property, the civil penalty may be increased to not more than $225,455 
for each offense.
    (f) Operating after being declared unfit by assignment of a final 
``unsatisfactory'' safety rating. (1) A motor carrier operating a 
commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce (except owners or 
operators of commercial motor vehicles designed or used to transport 
hazardous materials for which placarding of a motor vehicle is required 
under regulations prescribed under 49 U.S.C. chapter 51) is subject, 
after being placed out of service because of receiving a final 
``unsatisfactory'' safety rating, to a civil penalty of not more than 
$32,208 (49 CFR 385.13). Each day the transportation continues in 
violation of a final ``unsatisfactory'' safety rating constitutes a 
separate offense.
    (2) A motor carrier operating a commercial motor vehicle designed or 
used to transport hazardous materials for which placarding of a motor 
vehicle is required under regulations prescribed under 49 U.S.C. chapter 
51 is subject, after being placed out of service because of receiving a 
final ``unsatisfactory'' safety rating, to a civil penalty of not more 
than $96,624 for each offense. If the violation results in death, 
serious illness, or severe injury to any person or in substantial 
destruction of property, the civil penalty may be increased to not more 
than $225,455 for each offense. Each day the transportation continues in 
violation of a final ``unsatisfactory'' safety rating constitutes a 
separate offense.
    (g) Violations of the commercial regulations (CRs). Penalties for 
violations of the CRs are specified in 49 U.S.C. chapter 149. These 
penalties relate to transportation subject to the Secretary's 
jurisdiction under 49 U.S.C. chapter 135. Unless otherwise noted, a 
separate violation occurs for each day the violation continues.
    (1) A person who operates as a motor carrier for the transportation 
of property in violation of the registration requirements of 49 U.S.C. 
13901 is liable for a minimum penalty of $12,882 per violation.
    (2) A person who knowingly operates as a broker in violation of 
registration requirements of 49 U.S.C 13904 or financial security 
requirements of 49 U.S.C 13906 is liable for a penalty not to exceed 
$12,882 for each violation.
    (3) A person who operates as a motor carrier of passengers in 
violation of the registration requirements of 49 U.S.C. 13901 is liable 
for a minimum penalty of $32,208 per violation.
    (4) A person who operates as a foreign motor carrier or foreign 
motor private carrier of property in violation of the provisions of 49 
U.S.C. 13902(c) is liable for a minimum penalty of $12,882 per 
violation.
    (5) A person who operates as a foreign motor carrier or foreign 
motor private carrier without authority, outside the boundaries of a 
commercial zone along the United States-Mexico border, is liable for a 
maximum penalty of $17,717 for an intentional violation and a maximum 
penalty of $44,294 for a pattern of intentional violations.
    (6) A person who operates as a motor carrier or broker for the 
transportation of hazardous wastes in violation of the registration 
provisions of 49 U.S.C. 13901 is liable for a minimum penalty of $25,767 
and a maximum penalty of $51,533 per violation.
    (7) A motor carrier or freight forwarder of household goods, or 
their receiver or trustee, that does not comply with any regulation 
relating to the protection of individual shippers, is liable for a 
minimum penalty of $1,937 per violation.
    (8) A person--
    (i) Who falsifies, or authorizes an agent or other person to 
falsify, documents used in the transportation of household goods by 
motor carrier or freight forwarder to evidence the weight of a shipment; 
or
    (ii) Who charges for services which are not performed or are not 
reasonably necessary in the safe and adequate movement of the shipment 
is liable for a minimum penalty of $3,879 for the first violation and 
$9,695 for each subsequent violation.
    (9) A person who knowingly accepts or receives from a carrier a 
rebate or offset against the rate specified in a tariff required under 
49 U.S.C. 13702 for the transportation of property delivered to the 
carrier commits a violation for which the penalty is equal to three 
times the amount accepted as a rebate or offset and three times the 
value of other consideration accepted or received as a rebate or offset 
for the six-year period before the action is begun.
    (10) A person who offers, gives, solicits, or receives 
transportation of property by a carrier at a different rate than the 
rate in effect under 49 U.S.C. 13702 is liable for a maximum penalty of 
$193,890 per violation. When acting in the scope of his/her employment, 
the acts or omissions of a person acting for or employed by a carrier or 
shipper are considered the acts or omissions of that carrier or shipper, 
as well as of that person.
    (11) Any person who offers, gives, solicits, or receives a rebate or 
concession related to motor carrier transportation subject to 
jurisdiction under subchapter I of 49 U.S.C. chapter 135, or who assists 
or permits another person to get that transportation at less than the 
rate in effect under 49 U.S.C.

[[Page 388]]

13702, commits a violation for which the penalty is $387 for the first 
violation and $484 for each subsequent violation.
    (12) A freight forwarder, its officer, agent, or employee, that 
assists or willingly permits a person to get service under 49 U.S.C. 
13531 at less than the rate in effect under 49 U.S.C. 13702 commits a 
violation for which the penalty is up to $971 for the first violation 
and up to $3,879 for each subsequent violation.
    (13) A person who gets or attempts to get service from a freight 
forwarder under 49 U.S.C. 13531 at less than the rate in effect under 49 
U.S.C. 13702 commits a violation for which the penalty is up to $971 for 
the first violation and up to $3,879 for each subsequent violation.
    (14) A person who knowingly authorizes, consents to, or permits a 
violation of 49 U.S.C. 14103 relating to loading and unloading motor 
vehicles or who knowingly violates subsection (a) of 49 U.S.C. 14103 is 
liable for a penalty of not more than $19,389 per violation.
    (15) [Reserved]
    (16) A person required to make a report to the Secretary, answer a 
question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record under part B of 
subtitle IV, title 49, U.S.C., or an officer, agent, or employee of that 
person, is liable for a minimum penalty of $1,288 and for a maximum 
penalty of $9,695 per violation if it does not make the report, does not 
completely and truthfully answer the question within 30 days from the 
date the Secretary requires the answer, does not make or preserve the 
record in the form and manner prescribed, falsifies, destroys, or 
changes the report or record, files a false report or record, makes a 
false or incomplete entry in the record about a business-related fact, 
or prepares or preserves a record in violation of a regulation or order 
of the Secretary.
    (17) A motor carrier, water carrier, freight forwarder, or broker, 
or their officer, receiver, trustee, lessee, employee, or other person 
authorized to receive information from them, who discloses information 
identified in 49 U.S.C. 14908 without the permission of the shipper or 
consignee is liable for a maximum penalty of $3,879.
    (18) A person who violates a provision of part B, subtitle IV, title 
49, U.S.C., or a regulation or order under part B, or who violates a 
condition of registration related to transportation that is subject to 
jurisdiction under subchapter I or III of chapter 135, or who violates a 
condition of registration of a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor 
private carrier under section 13902, is liable for a penalty of $971 for 
each violation if another penalty is not provided in 49 U.S.C. chapter 
149.
    (19) A violation of Part B, Subtitle IV, Title 49, U.S.C., committed 
by a director, officer, receiver, trustee, lessee, agent, or employee of 
a carrier that is a corporation is also a violation by the corporation 
to which the penalties of Chapter 149 apply. Acts and omissions of 
individuals acting in the scope of their employment with a carrier are 
considered to be the actions and omissions of the carrier as well as the 
individual.
    (20) In a proceeding begun under 49 U.S.C. 14902 or 14903, the rate 
that a carrier publishes, files, or participates in under section 13702 
is conclusive proof against the carrier, its officers, and agents that 
it is the legal rate for the transportation or service. Departing, or 
offering to depart, from that published or filed rate is a violation of 
49 U.S.C. 14902 and 14903.
    (21) A person--
    (i) Who knowingly and willfully fails, in violation of a contract, 
to deliver to, or unload at, the destination of a shipment of household 
goods in interstate commerce for which charges have been estimated by 
the motor carrier transporting such goods, and for which the shipper has 
tendered a payment in accordance with part 375, subpart G, of this 
subchapter, is liable for a civil penalty of not less than $19,389 for 
each violation. Each day of a continuing violation constitutes a 
separate offense.
    (ii) Who is a carrier or broker and is found to be subject to the 
civil penalties in paragraph (i) of this appendix may also have his or 
her carrier and/or broker registration suspended for not less than 12 
months and not more than 36 months under 49 U.S.C. chapter 139. Such 
suspension of a carrier or broker shall extend to and include any 
carrier or broker having the same ownership or operational control as 
the suspended carrier or broker.
    (22) A broker for transportation of household goods who makes an 
estimate of the cost of transporting any such goods before entering into 
an agreement with a motor carrier to provide transportation of household 
goods subject to FMCSA jurisdiction is liable to the United States for a 
civil penalty of not less than $14,960 for each violation.
    (23) A person who provides transportation of household goods subject 
to jurisdiction under 49 U.S.C. chapter 135, subchapter I, or provides 
broker services for such transportation, without being registered under 
49 U.S.C. chapter 139 to provide such transportation or services as a 
motor carrier or broker, as the case may be, is liable to the United 
States for a civil penalty of not less than $37,400 for each violation.
    (h) Copying of records and access to equipment, lands, and 
buildings. A person subject to 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or a motor carrier, 
broker, freight forwarder, or owner or operator of a commercial motor 
vehicle subject to part B of subtitle VI of title 49 U.S.C. who fails to 
allow promptly, upon demand in person or in writing, the Federal Motor 
Carrier

[[Page 389]]

Safety Administration, an employee designated by the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration, or an employee of a MCSAP grant recipient 
to inspect and copy any record or inspect and examine equipment, lands, 
buildings, and other property, in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 504(c), 
5121(c), and 14122(b), is subject to a civil penalty of not more than 
$1496 for each offense. Each day of a continuing violation constitutes a 
separate offense, except that the total of all civil penalties against 
any violator for all offenses related to a single violation shall not 
exceed $14,960.
    (i) Evasion. A person, or an officer, employee, or agent of that 
person:
    (1) Who by any means tries to evade regulation of motor carriers 
under title 49, United States Code, chapter 5, chapter 51, subchapter 
III of chapter 311 (except sections 31138 and 31139) or section 31302, 
31303, 31304, 31305(b), 31310(g)(1)(A), or 31502, or a regulation in 
subtitle B, chapter I, subchapter C of this title, or this subchapter, 
issued under any of those provisions, shall be fined at least $2577 but 
not more than $6247 for the first violation and at least $3219 but not 
more than $9,652 for a subsequent violation.
    (2) Who tries to evade regulation under part B of subtitle IV, title 
49, U.S.C., for carriers or brokers is liable for a penalty of at least 
$2,577 for the first violation or at least $6,247 for a subsequent 
violation.

[80 FR 18156, Apr. 3, 2015, as amended at 80 FR 78383, Dec. 16, 2015; 81 
FR 41463, June 27, 2016; 82 FR 17591, Apr. 12, 2017; 83 FR 60751, Nov. 
27, 2018; 84 FR 37076, July 31, 2019; 86 FR 1761, Jan. 11, 2021; 86 FR 
23257, May 3, 2021; 87 FR 15871, Mar. 21, 2022; 88 FR 1130, Jan. 6, 
2023]



PART 387_MINIMUM LEVELS OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR MOTOR CARRIERS-
-Table of Contents



                  Subpart A_Motor Carriers of Property

Sec.
387.1 Purpose and scope.
387.3 Applicability.
387.5 Definitions.
387.7 Financial responsibility required.
387.9 Financial responsibility, minimum levels.
387.11 State authority and designation of agent.
387.13 Fiduciaries.
387.15 Forms.
387.17 Violation and penalty.
387.19 Electronic filing of surety bonds, trust fund agreements, 
          certificates of insurance and cancellations.

                 Subpart B_Motor Carriers of Passengers

387.25 Purpose and scope.
387.27 Applicability.
387.29 Definitions.
387.31 Financial responsibility required.
387.33 Financial responsibility, minimum levels.
387.33T Financial responsibility, minimum levels.
387.35 State authority and designation of agent.
387.37 Fiduciaries.
387.39 Forms.
387.41 Violation and penalty.

Subpart C_Surety Bonds and Policies of Insurance for Motor Carriers and 
                            Property Brokers

387.301 Surety bond, certificate of insurance, or other securities.
387.301T Surety bond, certificate of insurance, or other securities.
387.303 Security for the protection of the public: Minimum limits.
387.303T Security for the protection of the public: Minimum limits.
387.305 Combination vehicles.
387.307 Property broker surety bond or trust fund.
387.309 Qualifications as a self-insurer and other securities or 
          agreements.
387.311 Bonds and certificates of insurance.
387.313 Forms and procedures.
387.313T Forms and procedures.
387.315 Insurance and surety companies.
387.317 Refusal to accept, or revocation by the FMCSA of surety bonds, 
          etc.
387.319 Fiduciaries.
387.321 Operations in foreign commerce.
387.323 Electronic filing of surety bonds, trust fund agreements, 
          certificates of insurance and cancellations.
387.323T Electronic filing of surety bonds, trust fund agreements, 
          certificates of insurance and cancellations.

 Subpart D_Surety Bonds and Policies of Insurance for Freight Forwarders

387.401 Definitions.
387.403 General requirements.
387.403T General requirements.
387.405 Limits of liability.
387.407 Surety bonds and certificates of insurance.
387.409 Insurance and surety companies.
387.411 Qualifications as a self-insurer and other securities or 
          agreements.
387.413 Forms and procedures.
387.413T Forms and procedures.
387.415 Acceptance and revocation by the FMCSA.
387.417 Fiduciaries.
387.419 Electronic filing of surety bonds, certificates of insurance and 
          cancellations.

[[Page 390]]

387.419T Electronic filing of surety bonds, certificates of insurance 
          and cancellations.

Appendix A to Part 387--Applicability of the Registration, Financial 
          Responsibility, and Safety Regulations to Motor Carriers of 
          Passengers

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13101, 13301, 13906, 13908, 14701, 31138, 
31139; sec. 204(a), Pub. L. 104-88, 109 Stat. 803, 941; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 387 appear at 66 FR 
49872, Oct. 1, 2001.



                  Subpart A_Motor Carriers of Property



Sec.  387.1  Purpose and scope.

    This subpart prescribes the minimum levels of financial 
responsibility required to be maintained by motor carriers of property 
operating motor vehicles in interstate, foreign, or intrastate commerce. 
The purpose of these regulations is to create additional incentives to 
motor carriers to maintain and operate their vehicles in a safe manner 
and to assure that motor carriers maintain an appropriate level of 
financial responsibility for motor vehicles operated on public highways.

[46 FR 30982, June 11, 1981, as amended at 48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983]



Sec.  387.3  Applicability.

    (a) This subpart applies to for-hire motor carriers operating motor 
vehicles transporting property in interstate or foreign commerce.
    (b) This subpart applies to motor carriers operating motor vehicles 
transporting hazardous materials, hazardous substances, or hazardous 
wastes in interstate, foreign, or intrastate commerce.
    (c) Exception. (1) The rules in this subpart do not apply to a motor 
vehicle that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of less than 
10,001 pounds. This exception does not apply if the vehicle is used to 
transport any quantity of a Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 material, any 
quantity of a Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A, or Division 6.1, Packing 
Group I, Hazard Zone A, or to a highway route controlled quantity of a 
Class 7 material as it is defined in 49 CFR 173.403, in interstate or 
foreign commerce.
    (2) The rules in this subpart do not apply to the transportation of 
non-bulk oil, non-bulk hazardous materials, substances, or wastes in 
intrastate commerce, except that the rules in this subpart do apply to 
the transportation of a highway route controlled quantity of a Class 7 
material as defined in 49 CFR 173.403, in intrastate commerce.

[46 FR 30982, June 11, 1981; 46 FR 45612, Sept. 14, 1981, as amended at 
48 FR 5559, Feb. 7, 1983; 48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983; 49 FR 38290, Sept. 
28, 1984; 59 FR 63923, Dec. 12, 1994; 73 FR 76496, Dec. 16, 2008; 83 FR 
22876, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  387.5  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart--
    Accident includes continuous or repeated exposure to the same 
conditions resulting in public liability which the insured neither 
expected nor intended.
    Bodily injury means injury to the body, sickness, or disease 
including death resulting from any of these.
    Cancellation of insurance means the withdrawal of insurance coverage 
by either the insurer or the insured.
    Endorsement means an amendment to an insurance policy.
    Environmental restoration means restitution for the loss, damage, or 
destruction of natural resources arising out of the accidental 
discharge, dispersal, release or escape into or upon the land, 
atmosphere, watercourse, or body of water of any commodity transported 
by a motor carrier. This shall include the cost of removal and the cost 
of necessary measure taken to minimize or mitigate damage to human 
health, the natural environment, fish, shellfish, and wildlife.
    Evidence of security means a surety bond or a policy of insurance 
with the appropriate endorsement attached.
    Financial responsibility means the financial reserves (e.g., 
insurance policies or surety bonds) sufficient to satisfy liability 
amounts set forth in this subpart covering public liability.
    For-hire carriage means the business of transporting, for 
compensation, the goods or property of another.
    In bulk means the transportation, as cargo, of property, except 
Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials, and Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A 
gases, in containment systems with capacities in excess of 3500 water 
gallons.
    In bulk (Division 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 explosives) means the 
transportation, as

[[Page 391]]

cargo, of any Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials in any quantity.
    In bulk (Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A or Division 6.1, Packing Group 
I, Hazard Zone A materials) means the transportation, as cargo, of any 
Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A, or Division 6.1, packing Group I, Hazard 
Zone A material, in any quantity.
    Insured and principal means the motor carrier named in the policy of 
insurance, surety bond, endorsement, or notice of cancellation, and also 
the fiduciary of such motor carrier.
    Insurance premium means the monetary sum an insured pays an insurer 
for acceptance of liability for public liability claims made against the 
insured.
    Motor carrier means a for-hire motor carrier or a private motor 
carrier. The term includes, but is not limited to, a motor carrier's 
agent, officer, or representative; an employee responsible for hiring, 
supervising, training, assigning, or dispatching a driver; or an 
employee concerned with the installation, inspection, and maintenance of 
motor vehicle equipment and/or accessories.
    Property damage means damage to or loss of use of tangible property.
    Public liability means liability for bodily injury or property 
damage and includes liability for environmental restoration.
    State means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, 
Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern 
Mariana Islands.

[46 FR 30982, June 11, 1981; 46 FR 45612, Sept. 14, 1981; 47 FR 12801, 
Mar. 25, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983; 51 FR 33856, 
Sept. 23, 1986; 53 FR 12160, Apr. 13, 1988; 59 FR 63923, Dec. 12, 1994; 
62 FR 16709, Apr. 8, 1997; 63 FR 33275, June 18, 1998; 78 FR 58482, 
Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  387.7  Financial responsibility required.

    (a) No motor carrier shall operate a motor vehicle until the motor 
carrier has obtained and has in effect the minimum levels of financial 
responsibility as set forth in Sec.  387.9 of this subpart.
    (b)(1) Policies of insurance, surety bonds, and endorsements 
required under this section shall remain in effect continuously until 
terminated. Cancellation may be effected by the insurer or the insured 
motor carrier giving 35 days' notice in writing to the other. The 35 
days' notice shall commence to run from the date the notice is 
transmitted. Proof of transmission shall be sufficient proof of notice.
    (2) Exception. Policies of insurance and surety bonds may be 
obtained for a finite period of time to cover any lapse in continuous 
compliance.
    (3) Exception. (i) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier operating solely 
in municipalities in the United States on the U.S.-Mexico international 
border or within the commercial zones of such municipalities with a 
Certificate of Registration issued under part 368 may meet the minimum 
financial responsibility requirements of this subpart by obtaining 
insurance coverage, in the required amounts, for periods of 24 hours or 
longer, from insurers that meet the requirements of Sec.  387.11.
    (ii) A Mexican motor carrier so insured must have available for 
inspection in each of its vehicles copies of the following documents:
    (A) The Certificate of Registration;
    (B) The required insurance endorsement (Form MCS-90); and
    (C) An insurance identification card, binder, or other document 
issued by an authorized insurer which specifies both the effective date 
and the expiration date of the temporary insurance coverage authorized 
by this exception.
    (iii) Mexican motor carriers insured under this exception are also 
exempt from the notice of cancellation requirements stated on Form MCS-
90.
    (c) Policies of insurance and surety bonds required under this 
section may be replaced by other policies of insurance or surety bonds. 
The liability of the retiring insurer or surety, as to events after the 
termination date, shall be considered as having terminated on the 
effective date of the replacement policy of insurance or surety bond or 
at the end of the 35 day cancellation period required in paragraph (b) 
of this section, whichever is sooner.
    (d) Proof of the required financial responsibility shall be 
maintained at the motor carrier's principal place of business. The proof 
shall consist of--

[[Page 392]]

    (1) ``Endorsement(s) for Motor Carrier Policies of Insurance for 
Public Liability Under Sections 29 and 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 
1980'' (Form MCS-90) issued by an insurer(s);
    (2) A ``Motor Carrier Surety Bond for Public Liability Under Section 
30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980'' (Form MCS-82) issued by a surety; 
or
    (3) A written decision, order, or authorization of the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration authorizing a motor carrier to self-insure 
under Sec.  387.309, provided the motor carrier maintains a satisfactory 
safety rating as determined by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration under part 385 of this chapter.
    (e)(1) The proof of minimum levels of financial responsibility 
required by this section shall be considered public information and be 
produced for review upon reasonable request by a member of the public.
    (2) In addition to maintaining proof of financial responsibility as 
required by paragraph (d) of this section, non-North America-domiciled 
private and for-hire motor carriers shall file evidence of financial 
responsibility with FMCSA in accordance with the requirements of subpart 
C of this part.
    (f) All vehicles operated within the United States by motor carriers 
domiciled in a contiguous foreign country, shall have on board the 
vehicle a legible copy, in English, of the proof of the required 
financial responsibility (Form MCS-90 or MCS-82) used by the motor 
carrier to comply with paragraph (d) of this section.
    (g) Any motor vehicle in which there is no evidence of financial 
responsibility required by paragraph (f) of this section shall be denied 
entry into the United States.

[46 FR 30982, June 11, 1981; 46 FR 45612, Sept. 14, 1981, as amended at 
48 FR 5559, Feb. 7, 1983; 48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983; 51 FR 22083, June 
18, 1986; 54 FR 49092, Nov. 29, 1989; 59 FR 63923, Dec. 12, 1994; 67 FR 
12661, Mar. 19, 2002; 73 FR 76496, Dec. 16, 2008; 83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 
2018; 83 FR 22876, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  387.9  Financial responsibility, minimum levels.

    The minimum levels of financial responsibility referred to in Sec.  
387.7 are hereby prescribed as follows:

      Table 1 to Sec.   387.9--Schedule of Limits--Public Liability
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Type of carriage         Commodity transported   January 1, 1985
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) For-hire (In interstate or  Property                        $750,000
 foreign commerce, with a        (nonhazardous).
 gross vehicle weight rating
 of 10,001 or more pounds).
(2) For-hire and Private (In    Hazardous substances,          5,000,000
 interstate, foreign, or         as defined in 49 CFR
 intrastate commerce, with a     171.8, transported
 gross vehicle weight rating     in bulk in cargo
 of 10,001 or more pounds).      tanks, portable
                                 tanks, or hopper-
                                 type vehicles with
                                 capacities in bulk;
                                 in bulk Division
                                 1.1, 1.2 or 1.3
                                 materials; Division
                                 2.3, Hazard Zone A
                                 material; in bulk
                                 Division 6.1,
                                 Packing Group I,
                                 Hazard Zone A
                                 material; in bulk
                                 Division 2.1 or 2.2
                                 material; or highway
                                 route controlled
                                 quantities of a
                                 Class 7 material, as
                                 defined in 49 CFR
                                 173.403.
(3) For-hire and Private (In    Oil listed in 49 CFR           1,000,000
 interstate or foreign           172.101; hazardous
 commerce, in any quantity; or   waste, hazardous
 in intrastate commerce, in      materials, or
 bulk only; with a gross         hazardous substances
 vehicle weight rating of        defined in 49 CFR
 10,001 or more pounds).         171.8 and listed in
                                 49 CFR 172.101, but
                                 not mentioned in
                                 entry (2) or (4) of
                                 this table.
(4) For-hire and Private (In    In bulk Division 1.1,          5,000,000
 interstate or foreign           1.2, or 1.3
 commerce, with a gross          material; in bulk
 vehicle weight rating of less   Division 2.3, Hazard
 than 10,001 pounds).            Zone A material; in
                                 bulk Division 6.1,
                                 Packing Group I,
                                 Hazard Zone A
                                 material; or highway
                                 route controlled
                                 quantities of a
                                 Class 7 material as
                                 defined in 49 CFR
                                 173.403.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[86 FR 57071, Oct. 14, 2021]

[[Page 393]]



Sec.  387.11  State authority and designation of agent.

    A policy of insurance or surety bond does not satisfy the financial 
responsibility requirements of this subpart unless the insurer or surety 
furnishing the policy or bond is--
    (a) Legally authorized to issue such policies or bonds in each State 
in which the motor carrier operates; or
    (b) Legally authorized to issue such policies or bonds in the State 
in which the motor carrier has its principal place of business or 
domicile, and is willing to designate a person upon whom process, issued 
by or under the authority of any court having jurisdiction of the 
subject matter, may be served in any proceeding at law or equity brought 
in any State in which the motor carrier operates; or
    (c) Legally authorized to issue such policies or bonds in any State 
of the United States and eligible as an excess or surplus lines insurer 
in any State in which business is written, and is willing to designate a 
person upon whom process, issued by or under the authority of any court 
having jurisdiction of the subject matter, may be served in any 
proceeding at law or equity brought in any State in which the motor 
carrier operates.
    (d) A Canadian insurance company legally authorized to issue a 
policy of insurance in the Province or Territory of Canada in which the 
Canadian motor carrier has its principal place of business or domicile, 
and that is willing to designate a person upon whom process, issued by 
or under the authority of any court having jurisdiction over the subject 
matter, may be served in any proceeding at law or equity brought in any 
State in which the motor carrier operates.

[46 FR 30982, June 11, 1981, as amended at 48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983; 
75 FR 38430, July 2, 2010]



Sec.  387.13  Fiduciaries.

    The coverage of fiduciaries shall attach at the moment of succession 
of such fiduciaries.

[46 FR 30982, June 11, 1981]



Sec.  387.15  Forms.

    Endorsements for policies of insurance (Form MCS-90) and surety 
bonds (Form MCS-82) must be in the form prescribed by the FMCSA and 
approved by the OMB. Endorsements to policies of insurance and surety 
bonds shall specify that coverage thereunder will remain in effect 
continuously until terminated, as required in Sec.  387.7 of this 
subpart. The continuous coverage requirement does not apply to Mexican 
motor carriers insured under Sec.  387.7(b)(3) of this subpart. The 
endorsement and surety bond shall be issued in the exact name of the 
motor carrier. The Forms MCS-82 and MCS-90 are available from the FMCSA 
website at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/mission/forms.

[83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  387.17  Violation and penalty.

    Any person (except an employee who acts without knowledge) who 
knowingly violates the rules of this subpart shall be liable to the 
United States for a civil penalty as stated in part 386, appendix B, of 
this chapter, and if any such violation is a continuing one, each day of 
violation will constitute a separate offense. The amount of any such 
penalty shall be assessed by FMCSA's Administrator, by written notice. 
In determining the amount of such penalty, the Administrator, or his/her 
authorized delegate shall take into account the nature, circumstances, 
extent, the gravity of the violation committed and, with respect to the 
person found to have committed such violation, the degree of 
culpability, any history of prior violations, ability to pay, and any 
effect on ability to continue to do business, and such other matters as 
justice may require.

[80 FR 18158, Apr. 3, 2015]



Sec.  387.19  Electronic filing of surety bonds, trust fund agreements,
certificates of insurance and cancellations.

    (a) Insurers of exempt for-hire motor carriers, as defined in Sec.  
390.5 of this subchapter, and private motor carriers that transport 
hazardous materials in interstate commerce that are registered with 
FMCSA on September 30,

[[Page 394]]

2016, must file certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and other 
securities and agreements with FMCSA by April 14, 2017. Insurers of all 
other exempt for-hire motor carriers, as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this 
subchapter, and private motor carriers that transport hazardous 
materials in interstate commerce must file certificates of insurance, 
surety bonds, and other securities and agreements with FMCSA at the time 
of the application for registration. These filings must be made 
electronically in accordance with the requirements and procedures set 
forth at Sec.  387.323.
    (b) The requirements of this section do not apply to motor carriers 
excepted under Sec.  387.7(b)(3).

[80 FR 63708, Oct. 21, 2015; 81 FR 49554, July 28, 2016]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5307, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.19 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



                 Subpart B_Motor Carriers of Passengers

    Source: 48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  387.25  Purpose and scope.

    This subpart prescribes the minimum levels of financial 
responsibility required to be maintained by for-hire motor carriers of 
passengers operating motor vehicles in interstate or foreign commerce. 
The purpose of these regulations is to create additional incentives to 
carriers to operate their vehicles in a safe manner and to assure that 
they maintain adequate levels of financial responsibility.



Sec.  387.27  Applicability.

    (a) This subpart applies to for-hire motor carriers transporting 
passengers in interstate or foreign commerce.
    (b) Exception. The rules in this subpart do not apply to--
    (1) A motor vehicle transporting only school children and teachers 
to or from school;
    (2) A motor vehicle providing taxicab service and having a seating 
capacity of less than 7 passengers and not operated on a regular route 
or between specified points;
    (3) A motor vehicle carrying less than 16 individuals in a single 
daily round trip to commute to and from work; and
    (4) A motor vehicle operated by a motor carrier under contract 
providing transportation of preprimary, primary, and secondary students 
for extracurricular trips organized, sponsored, and paid by a school 
district.

[48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983, as amended at 63 FR 33275, June 18, 1998]



Sec.  387.29  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart--
    Accident means includes continuous or repeated exposure to the same 
conditions resulting in public liability which the insured neither 
expected nor intended.
    Bodily injury means injury to the body, sickness, or disease 
including death resulting from any of these.
    Endorsement means an amendment to an insurance policy.
    Financial responsibility means the financial reserves (e.g., 
insurance policies or surety bonds) sufficient to satisfy liability 
amounts set forth in this subpart covering public liability.
    For-hire carriage means the business of transporting, for 
compensation, passengers and their property, including any compensated 
transportation of the goods or property or another.
    Insured and principal means the motor carrier named in the policy of 
insurance, surety bond, endorsement, or notice of cancellation, and also 
the fiduciary of such motor carrier.
    Insurance premium means the monetary sum an insured pays an insurer 
for acceptance of liability for public liability claims made against the 
insured.
    Motor carrier means a for-hire motor carrier. The term includes, but 
is not limited to, a motor carrier's agent, officer, or representative; 
an employee responsible for hiring, supervising, training, assigning, or 
dispatching a driver; or an employee concerned with the installation, 
inspection, and maintenance of motor vehicle equipment and/or 
accessories.
    Property damage means damage to or loss of use of tangible property.
    Public liability means liability for bodily injury or property 
damage.

[[Page 395]]

    Seating capacity means any plan view location capable of 
accommodating a person at least as large as a 5th percentile adult 
female, if the overall seat configuration and design and vehicle design 
is such that the position is likely to be used as a seating position 
while the vehicle is in motion, except for auxiliary seating 
accommodations such as temporary or folding jump seats. Any bench or 
split bench seat in a passenger car, truck or multi-purpose passenger 
vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating less than 10,000 pounds, 
having greater than 50 inches of hip room (measured in accordance with 
SEA Standards J1100(a)) shall have not less than three designated 
seating positions, unless the seat design or vehicle design is such that 
the center position cannot be used for seating.

[48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983, as amended at 63 FR 33276, June 18, 1998; 
78 FR 58482, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  387.31  Financial responsibility required.

    (a) No motor carrier shall operate a motor vehicle transporting 
passengers until the motor carrier has obtained and has in effect the 
minimum levels of financial responsibility as set forth in Sec.  387.33 
of this subpart.
    (b) Policies of insurance, surety bonds, and endorsements required 
under this section shall remain in effect continuously until terminated.
    (1) Cancellation may be effected by the insurer or the insured motor 
carrier giving 35 days' notice in writing to the other. The 35 days' 
notice shall commence to run from the date the notice is transmitted. 
Proof of transmission shall be sufficient proof of notice.
    (2) Exception. Policies of insurance and surety bonds may be 
obtained for a finite period of time to cover any lapse in continuous 
compliance.
    (3) Exception. Mexican motor carriers may meet the minimum financial 
responsibility requirements of this subpart by obtaining insurance 
coverage, in the required amounts, for periods of 24 hours or longer, 
from insurers that meet the requirements of Sec.  387.35 of this 
subpart. A Mexican motor carrier so insured must have available for 
inspection in each of its vehicles copies of the following documents:
    (i) The required insurance endorsement (Form MCS-90B); and
    (ii) An insurance identification card, binder, or other document 
issued by an authorized insurer which specifies both the effective date 
and the expiration date of the temporary insurance coverage authorized 
by this exception.

Mexican motor carriers insured under this exception are also exempt from 
the notice of cancellation requirements stated on Form MCS-90B.
    (c) Policies of insurance and surety bonds required under this 
section may be replaced by other policies of insurance or surety bonds. 
The liability of retiring insurer or surety, as to events after the 
termination date, shall be considered as having terminated on the 
effective date of the replacement policy of insurance or surety bond or 
at the end or the 35 day cancellation period required in paragraph (b) 
of this section, whichever is sooner.
    (d) Proof of the required financial responsibility shall be 
maintained at the motor carrier's principal place of business. The proof 
shall consist of--
    (1) ``Endorsement(s) for Motor Carriers of Passengers Policies of 
Insurance for Public Liability Under Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory 
Reform Act of 1982'' (Form MCS-90B) issued by an insurer(s); or
    (2) A ``Motor Carrier of Passengers Surety Bond for Public Liability 
Under Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982'' (Form MCS-
82B) issued by a surety.
    (e)(1) The proof of minimum levels of financial responsibility 
required by this section shall be considered public information and be 
produced for review upon reasonable request by a member of the public.
    (2) In addition to maintaining proof of financial responsibility as 
required by paragraph (d) of this section, non-North America-domiciled 
private and for-hire motor carriers shall file evidence of financial 
responsibility with FMCSA in accordance with the requirements of subpart 
C of this part.
    (f) All passenger carrying vehicles operated within the United 
States by motor carriers domiciled in a contiguous foreign country, 
shall have on

[[Page 396]]

board the vehicle a legible copy, in English, of the proof of the 
required financial responsibility (Forms MCS-90B or MCS-82B) used by the 
motor carrier to comply with paragraph (d) of this section.
    (g) Any motor vehicle in which there is no evidence of financial 
responsibility required by paragraph (f) of this section shall be denied 
entry into the United States.

[48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983, as amended at 50 FR 7062, Feb. 20, 1985; 54 
FR 49092, Nov. 29, 1989; 60 FR 38743, July 28, 1995; 73 FR 76496, Dec. 
16, 2008; 83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  387.33  Financial responsibility, minimum levels.

    (a) General limits. Except as provided in Sec.  387.27(b), the 
minimum levels of financial responsibility referred to in Sec.  387.31 
are prescribed as follows:

                           SCHEDULE OF LIMITS

                            Public Liability

    For-hire motor carriers of passengers operating in interstate or 
foreign commerce.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Vehicle seating capacity                  Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Any vehicle with a seating capacity of 16 passengers      $5,000,000
 or more, including the driver..........................
(2) Any vehicle with a seating capacity of 15 passengers       1,500,000
 or less, including the driver..........................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) Limits applicable to transit service providers. Notwithstanding 
the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, the minimum level of 
financial responsibility for a motor vehicle used to provide 
transportation services within a transit service area located in more 
than one State under an agreement with a Federal, State, or local 
government funded, in whole or in part, with a grant under 49 U.S.C. 
5307, 5310 or 5311, including transportation designed and carried out to 
meet the special needs of elderly individuals and individuals with 
disabilities, will be the highest level required for any of the States 
in which it operates. This paragraph applies to transit service 
providers that operate in more than one State, as well as transit 
service providers that operate in only one State but interline with 
other motor carriers that provide interstate transportation within or 
outside the transit service area. Transit service providers conducting 
such operations must register as for-hire passenger carriers under part 
365, subpart A and part 390, subpart E, of this subchapter, identify the 
State(s) in which they operate under the applicable grants, and certify 
on their registration documents that they have in effect financial 
responsibility levels in an amount equal to or greater than the highest 
level required by any of the States in which they are operating under a 
qualifying grant.

[80 FR 63709, Oct. 21, 2015, as amended at 83 FR 22876, May 17, 2018]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5307, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.33 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  387.33T  Financial responsibility, minimum levels.

    Except as provided in Sec.  387.27(b), the minimum levels of 
financial responsibility referred to in Sec.  387.31 are hereby 
prescribed as follows:

                           SCHEDULE OF LIMITS

                            Public Liability

    For-hire motor carriers of passengers operating in interstate or 
foreign commerce.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Vehicle seating capacity                  Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Any vehicle with a seating capacity of 16 passengers      $5,000,000
 or more, including the driver..........................
(b) Any vehicle with a seating capacity of 15 passengers       1,500,000
 or less, including the driver..........................
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  387.35  State authority and designation of agent.

    A policy of insurance or surety bond does not satisfy the financial 
responsibility requirements of this subpart unless the insurer or surety 
furnishing the policy or bond is--
    (a) Legally authorized to issue such policies or bonds in each State 
in which the motor carrier operates, or
    (b) Legally authorized to issue such policies or bonds in the State 
in which the motor carrier has its principal place of business or 
domicile, and is willing to designate a person upon whom process, issued 
by or under the authority of any court having jurisdiction of the 
subject matter, may be

[[Page 397]]

served in any proceeding at law or equity brought in any State in which 
the motor carrier operates; or
    (c) Legally authorized to issue such policies or bonds in any State 
of the United States and eligible as an excess or surplus lines insurer 
in any State in which business is written, and is willing to designate a 
person upon whom process, issued by or under the authority of any court 
having jurisdiction of the subject matter, may be served in any 
proceeding at law or equity brought in any State in which the motor 
carrier operates.
    (d) A Canadian insurance company legally authorized to issue a 
policy of insurance in the Province or Territory of Canada in which a 
Canadian motor carrier has its principal place of business or domicile, 
and that is willing to designate a person upon whom process, issued by 
or under the authority of any court having jurisdiction over the subject 
matter, may be served in any proceeding at law or equity brought in any 
State in which the motor carrier operates.

[48 FR 52683, Nov. 21, 1983, as amended at 75 FR 38430, July 2, 2010]



Sec.  387.37  Fiduciaries.

    The coverage of fiduciaries shall attach at the moment of succession 
of such fiduciaries.



Sec.  387.39  Forms.

    Endorsements for policies of insurance (Form MCS-90B) and surety 
bonds (Form MCS-82B) must be in the form prescribed by the FMCSA and 
approved by the OMB. Endorsements to policies of insurance and surety 
bonds shall specify that coverage thereunder will remain in effect 
continuously until terminated, as required in Sec.  387.31 of this 
subpart. The continuous coverage requirement does not apply to Mexican 
motor carriers insured under Sec.  387.31(b)(3) of this subpart. The 
endorsement and surety bond shall be issued in the exact name of the 
motor carrier. The Forms MCS-82B and MCS-90B are available from the 
FMCSA website at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/mission/forms.

[83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  387.41  Violation and penalty.

    (a) Any person (except an employee who acts without knowledge) who 
knowingly violates the rules of this subpart shall be liable to the 
United States for a civil penalty as stated in part 386, appendix B, of 
this chapter, and if any such violation is a continuing one, each day of 
violation will constitute a separate offense. The amount of any such 
penalty shall be assessed by the Administrator or his/her designee, by 
written notice.
    (b) In determining the amount of such penalty, the Administrator or 
his/her designee shall take into account the nature, circumstances, 
extent, the gravity of the violation committed and, with respect to the 
person found to have committed such violation, the degree of 
culpability, any history of prior violations, the ability to pay, and 
any effect on ability to continue to do business, and such other matters 
as justice may require.

[80 FR 18158, Apr. 3, 2015]



Sec.  387.43  Electronic filing of surety bonds, trust fund agreements,
certificates of insurance and cancellations.

    (a) Insurers of for-hire motor carriers of passengers that are 
registered with FMCSA on September 30, 2016, must file certificates of 
insurance, surety bonds, and other securities and agreements with FMCSA 
by December 31, 2016. Insurers of all other exempt for-hire motor 
carriers of passengers must file certificates of insurance, surety 
bonds, and other securities and agreements with FMCSA at the time of the 
application for registration. These filings must be made electronically 
in accordance with the requirements and procedures set forth at Sec.  
387.323.
    (b) This section does not apply to motor carriers excepted under 
Sec.  387.31(b)(3).

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5307, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.43 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.

[[Page 398]]



Subpart C_Surety Bonds and Policies of Insurance for Motor Carriers and 
                            Property Brokers

    Cross Reference: Prescribed forms relating to this part are listed 
in 49 CFR part 1003.

    Source: 32 FR 20032, Dec. 20, 1967, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54709, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  387.301  Surety bond, certificate of insurance, or other securities.

    (a) Public liability. (1) No for-hire motor carrier or foreign 
(Mexican) motor private carrier or foreign motor carrier transporting 
exempt commodities subject to Subtitle IV, part B, chapter 135 of title 
49, United States Code, shall engage in interstate or foreign commerce, 
and no certificate shall be issued to such a carrier or remain in force 
unless and until there shall have been filed with and accepted by the 
FMCSA surety bonds, certificates of insurance, proof of qualifications 
as self-insurer, or other securities or agreements, in the amounts 
prescribed in Sec.  387.303, conditioned to pay any final judgment 
recovered against such motor carrier for bodily injuries to or the death 
of any person resulting from the negligent operation, maintenance or use 
of motor vehicles in transportation subject to Subtitle IV, part B, 
chapter 135 of title 49, U.S.C., or for loss of or damage to property of 
others, or, in the case of motor carriers of property operating freight 
vehicles described in Sec.  387.303(b)(2), for environmental 
restoration. Passenger motor carriers exempt under Sec.  387.27 of this 
part are not subject to this limitation on transportation or required to 
file evidence of financial responsibility.
    (2) Motor Carriers of property which are subject to the conditions 
set forth in paragraph (a)(1) of this section and transport the 
commodities described in Sec.  387.303(b)(2), are required to obtain 
security in the minimum limits prescribed in Sec.  387.303(b)(2).
    (b) Household goods motor carriers-cargo insurance. No household 
goods motor carrier subject to subtitle IV, part B, chapter 135 of title 
49 of the U.S. Code shall engage in interstate or foreign commerce, nor 
shall any certificate be issued to such a household goods motor carrier 
or remain in force unless and until there shall have been filed with and 
accepted by the FMCSA, a surety bond, certificate of insurance, proof of 
qualifications as a self-insurer, or other securities or agreements in 
the amounts prescribed in Sec.  387.303, conditioned upon such carrier 
making compensation to individual shippers for all property belonging to 
individual shippers and coming into the possession of such carrier in 
connection with its transportation service. The terms ``household goods 
motor carrier'' and ``individual shipper'' are defined in Sec.  375.103 
of this subchapter.
    (c) Continuing compliance required. Such security as is accepted by 
the FMCSA in accordance with the requirements of section 13906 of title 
49 of the U.S. Code, shall remain in effect at all times.

[48 FR 51780, Nov. 14, 1983, as amended at 60 FR 63981, Dec. 13, 1995; 
62 FR 49941, Sept. 24, 1997; 75 FR 35328, June 22, 2010; 81 FR 63709, 
Oct. 21, 2015; 81 FR 49554, July 28, 2016; 83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5307, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.301 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  387.301T  Surety bond, certificate of insurance, or other
securities.

    (a) Public liability. (1) No common or contract carrier or foreign 
(Mexican) motor private carrier or foreign motor carrier transporting 
exempt commodities subject to Subtitle IV, part B, chapter 135 of title 
49 of the U.S. Code shall engage in interstate or foreign commerce, and 
no certificate or permit shall be issued to such a carrier or remain in 
force unless and until there shall have been filed with and accepted by 
the FMCSA surety bonds, certificates of insurance, proof of 
qualifications as self-insurer, or other securities or agreements, in 
the amounts prescribed in Sec.  387.303T, conditioned to pay any final 
judgment recovered against such motor carrier for bodily injuries to or 
the death of any person resulting from the negligent operation, 
maintenance or use of motor vehicles in transportation subject to 
Subtitle IV, part B, chapter 135 of title 49 of the U.S. Code, or for 
loss of or damage to property of others, or, in the case of motor 
carriers of property operating freight

[[Page 399]]

vehicles described in Sec.  387.303T(b)(2), for environmental 
restoration.
    (2) Motor Carriers of property which are subject to the conditions 
set forth in paragraph (a)(1) of this section and transport the 
commodities described in Sec.  387.303T(b)(2), are required to obtain 
security in the minimum limits prescribed in Sec.  387.303T(b)(2).
    (b) Household goods motor carriers-cargo insurance. No household 
goods motor carrier subject to subtitle IV, part B, chapter 135 of title 
49 of the U.S. Code shall engage in interstate or foreign commerce, nor 
shall any certificate be issued to such a household goods motor carrier 
or remain in force unless and until there shall have been filed with and 
accepted by the FMCSA, a surety bond, certificate of insurance, proof of 
qualifications as a self-insurer, or other securities or agreements in 
the amounts prescribed in Sec.  387.303T, conditioned upon such carrier 
making compensation to individual shippers for all property belonging to 
individual shippers and coming into the possession of such carrier in 
connection with its transportation service. The terms ``household goods 
motor carrier'' and ``individual shipper'' are defined in Sec.  375.103 
of this subchapter.
    (c) Continuing compliance required. Such security as is accepted by 
the FMCSA in accordance with the requirements of section 13906 of title 
49 of the U.S. Code, shall remain in effect at all times.

[82 FR 5307, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  387.303  Security for the protection of the public: Minimum limits.

    (a) Definitions. (1) Primary security means public liability 
coverage provided by the insurance or surety company responsible for the 
first dollar of coverage.
    (2) Excess security means public liability coverage above the 
primary security, or above any additional underlying security, up to and 
including the required minimum limits set forth in paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section.
    (b)(1) Motor carriers subject to Sec.  387.301(a)(1) are required to 
have security for the required minimum limits as follows:
    (i) Small freight vehicles:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    Transportation
       Kind of equipment               provided          Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fleet including only vehicles    Property (non-        $300,000
 under 10,001 pounds (4,536       hazardous).
 kilograms) GVWR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Passenger carriers.

                  Passenger Carriers: Kind of Equipment
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Vehicle seating capacity                  Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(A) Any vehicle with a seating capacity of 16   $5,000,000
 passengers or more (including the driver).
(B) Any vehicle designed or used to transport   1,500,000
 15 passengers or less (including the driver)
 for compensation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (iii) Limits applicable to transit service providers. 
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section, 
the minimum level of financial responsibility for a motor vehicle used 
to provide transportation services within a transit service area under 
an agreement with a Federal, State, or local government funded, in whole 
or in part, with a grant under 49 U.S.C. 5307, 5310 or 5311, including 
transportation designed and carried out to meet the special needs of 
elderly individuals and individuals with disabilities, will be the 
highest level required for any of the States in which it operates. This 
paragraph applies to transit service providers who operate in a transit 
service area located in more than one State, as well as transit service 
providers who operate in only one State but interline with other motor 
carriers that provide interstate transportation within or outside the 
transit service area. Transit service providers conducting such 
operations must register

[[Page 400]]

as for-hire passenger carriers under part 365, subpart A and part 390, 
subpart E of this subchapter, identify the State(s) in which they 
operate under the applicable grants, and certify on their registration 
documents that they have in effect financial responsibility levels in an 
amount equal to or greater than the highest level required by any of the 
States in which they are operating under a qualifying grant.
    (2) Motor carriers subject to Sec.  387.301(a)(2) are required to 
have security for the required minimum limits as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Kind of equipment          Commodity transported    Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Freight vehicles of        Property (non-hazardous)  $750,000
 10,001 pounds (4,536
 kilograms) or more GVWR.
(ii) Freight vehicles of       Hazardous substances, as  5,000,000
 10,001 (4,536 kilograms)       defined in Sec.   171.8
 pounds or more GVWR.           of this title,
                                transported in cargo
                                tanks, portable tanks,
                                or hopper-type vehicles
                                with capacities in
                                excess of 3,500 water
                                gallons, or in bulk
                                explosives Division
                                1,1, 1.2 and 1.3
                                materials. Division
                                2.3, Hazard Zone A
                                material; in bulk
                                Division 2.1 or 2.2; or
                                highway route
                                controlled quantities
                                of a Class 7 material,
                                as defined in Sec.
                                173.403 of this title.
(iii) Freight vehicles of      Oil listed in Sec.        1,000,000
 10,001 pounds (4,536           172.101 of this title;
 kilograms) or more GVWR.       hazardous waste,
                                hazardous materials and
                                hazardous substances
                                defined in Sec.   171.8
                                of this title and
                                listed in Sec.
                                172.101 of this title,
                                but not mentioned in
                                paragraph (b)(2)(ii) or
                                paragraph (b)(2)(iv) of
                                this section.
(iv) Freight vehicles under    Any quantity of Division  5,000,000
 10,001 pounds (4,536           1.1, 1.2, or 1.3
 kilograms) GVWR.               material; any quantity
                                of a Division 2.3,
                                Hazard Zone A, or
                                Division 6.1, Packing
                                Group I, Hazard Zone A
                                material; or highway
                                route controlled
                                quantities of Class 7
                                material as defined in
                                Sec.   173.455 of this
                                title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (3) Motor carriers subject to the minimum limits governed by this 
section, which are also subject to Department of Transportation limits 
requirements, are at no time required to have security for more than the 
required minimum limits established by the Secretary of Transportation 
in the applicable provisions of 49 CFR Part 387--Minimum Levels of 
Financial Responsibility for Motor Carriers.
    (4) Foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers. 
Foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers (Mexican), 
subject to the requirements of 49 U.S.C. 13902(c) and 49 CFR part 368 
regarding obtaining certificates of registration from the FMCSA, must 
meet our minimum financial responsibility requirements by obtaining 
insurance coverage, in the required amounts, for periods of 24 hours or 
longer, from insurance or surety companies, that meet the requirements 
of 49 CFR 387.315. These carriers must have available for inspection, in 
each vehicle operating in the United States, copies of the following 
documents:
    (i) The certificate of registration;
    (ii) The required insurance endorsement (Form MCS-90); and
    (iii) An insurance identification card, binder, or other document 
issued by an authorized insurer which specifies both the effective date 
and the expiration date of the insurance coverage.
    (5) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sec.  387.301(a)(1), the 
filing of evidence of insurance is not required as a condition to the 
issuance of a certificate of registration. Further, the reference to 
continuous coverage at Sec.  387.313(a)(6) and the reference to 
cancellation notice at Sec.  387.313(d) are not applicable to these 
carriers.
    (c) Household goods motor carriers: Cargo liability. Security 
required to compensate individual shippers for loss or damage to 
property belonging to them and coming into the possession of household 
goods motor carriers in connection with their transportation service;
    (1) For loss of or damage to household goods carried on any one 
motor vehicle--$5,000,
    (2) For loss of or damage to or aggregate of losses or damages of or 
to household goods occurring at any one time and place--$10,000.

[47 FR 55944, Dec. 14, 1982]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
387.303, see the List of CFR

[[Page 401]]

Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the 
printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5307, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.303 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 84 FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  387.303. In that 
same document, Sec.  387.303 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  387.303T  Security for the protection of the public: Minimum limits.

    (a) Definitions. (1) Primary security means public liability 
coverage provided by the insurance or surety company responsible for the 
first dollar of coverage.
    (2) Excess security means public liability coverage above the 
primary security, or above any additional underlying security, up to and 
including the required minimum limits set forth in paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section.
    (b)(1) Motor carriers subject to Sec.  387.301T(a)(1) are required 
to have security for the required minimum limits as follows:
    (i) Small freight vehicles.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                       Transportation
         Kind of equipment                provided        Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fleet including only vehicles       Property (non-              $300,000
 under 10,001 pounds (4,536          hazardous).
 kilograms) GVWR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Passenger carriers.

                  Passenger Carriers: Kind of Equipment
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Vehicle seating capacity                  Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(A) Any vehicle with a seating capacity of 16 passengers      $5,000,000
 or more (including the driver).........................
(B) Any vehicle designed or used to transport 15               1,500,000
 passengers or less (including the driver) for
 compensation...........................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Motor carriers subject to Sec.  387.301T(a)(2) are required to 
have security for the required minimum limits as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Kind of equipment          Commodity transported   Minimum limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Freight vehicles of 10,001   Property (non-                 $750,000
 pounds (4,536 kilograms) or      hazardous).
 more GVWR.
(ii) Freight vehicles of 10,001  Hazardous substances,         5,000,000
 (4,536 kilograms) pounds or      as defined in Sec.
 more GVWR.                       171.8 of this title,
                                  transported in cargo
                                  tanks, portable tanks,
                                  or hopper-type
                                  vehicles with
                                  capacities in excess
                                  of 3,500 water
                                  gallons, or in bulk
                                  explosives Division
                                  1,1, 1.2 and 1.3
                                  materials. Division
                                  2.3, Hazard Zone A
                                  material; in bulk
                                  Division 2.1 or 2.2;
                                  or highway route
                                  controlled quantities
                                  of a Class 7 material,
                                  as defined in Sec.
                                  173.403 of this title.
(iii) Freight vehicles of        Oil listed in Sec.            1,000,000
 10,001 pounds (4,536             172.101 of this title;
 kilograms) or more GVWR.         hazardous waste,
                                  hazardous materials
                                  and hazardous
                                  substances defined in
                                  Sec.   171.8 of this
                                  title and listed in
                                  Sec.   172.101 of this
                                  title, but not
                                  mentioned in paragraph
                                  (b)(2)(ii) or
                                  paragraph (b)(2)(iv)
                                  of this section.
(iv) Freight vehicles under      Any quantity of               5,000,000
 10,001 pounds (4,536             Division 1.1, 1.2, or
 kilograms) GVWR.                 1.3 material; any
                                  quantity of a Division
                                  2.3, Hazard Zone A, or
                                  Division 6.1, Packing
                                  Group I, Hazard Zone A
                                  material; or highway
                                  route controlled
                                  quantities of Class 7
                                  material as defined in
                                  Sec.   173.455 of this
                                  title.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (3) Motor carriers subject to the minimum limits governed by this 
section, which are also subject to Department of Transportation limits 
requirements, are at no time required to have security for more than the 
required minimum limits established by the Secretary of Transportation 
in the applicable provisions of this part.
    (4) Foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers. 
Foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers (Mexican), 
subject to the requirements of 49 U.S.C. 13902(c) and 49 CFR

[[Page 402]]

part 368 regarding obtaining certificates of registration from the 
FMCSA, must meet our minimum financial responsibility requirements by 
obtaining insurance coverage, in the required amounts, for periods of 24 
hours or longer, from insurance or surety companies, that meet the 
requirements of Sec.  387.315. These carriers must have available for 
inspection, in each vehicle operating in the United States, copies of 
the following documents:
    (i) The certificate of registration;
    (ii) The required insurance endorsement (Form MCS-90); and
    (iii) An insurance identification card, binder, or other document 
issued by an authorized insurer which specifies both the effective date 
and the expiration date of the insurance coverage.
    (5) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sec.  387.301T(a)(1), the 
filing of evidence of insurance is not required as a condition to the 
issuance of a certificate of registration. Further, the reference to 
continuous coverage at Sec.  387.313T(a)(6) and the reference to 
cancellation notice at Sec.  387.313T(d) are not applicable to these 
carriers.
    (c) Household goods motor carriers: Cargo liability. Security 
required to compensate individual shippers for loss or damage to 
property belonging to them and coming into the possession of household 
goods motor carriers in connection with their transportation service:
    (1) For loss of or damage to household goods carried on any one 
motor vehicle--$5,000; and
    (2) For loss of or damage to or aggregate of losses or damages of or 
to household goods occurring at any one time and place--$10,000.

[82 FR 5307, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018; 84 
FR 51433, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  387.305  Combination vehicles.

    The following combinations will be regarded as one motor vehicle for 
purposes of this part, (a) a tractor and trailer or semitrailer when the 
tractor is engaged solely in drawing the trailer or semitrailer, and (b) 
a truck and trailer when both together bear a single load.



Sec.  387.307  Property broker surety bond or trust fund.

    (a) Security. A broker must have a surety bond or trust fund in 
effect for $75,000. The FMCSA will not issue a broker license until a 
surety bond or trust fund for the full limits of liability prescribed 
herein is in effect. The broker license shall remain valid or effective 
only as long as a surety bond or trust fund remains in effect and shall 
ensure the financial responsibility of the broker.
    (b) Evidence of security. Evidence of a surety bond must be filed 
using the FMCSA's prescribed Form BMC 84. Evidence of a trust fund with 
a financial institution must be filed using the FMCSA's prescribed Form 
BMC 85. The surety bond or the trust fund shall ensure the financial 
responsibility of the broker by providing for payments to shippers or 
motor carriers if the broker fails to carry out its contracts, 
agreements, or arrangements for the supplying of transportation by 
authorized motor carriers.
    (c) Financial institution--when used in this section and in forms 
prescribed under this section, where not otherwise distinctly expressed 
or manifestly incompatible with the intent thereof, shall mean--Each 
agent, agency, branch or office within the United States of any person, 
as defined by the ICC Termination Act, doing business in one or more of 
the capacities listed below:
    (1) An insured bank (as defined in section 3(h) of the Federal 
Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(h));
    (2) A commercial bank or trust company;
    (3) An agency or branch of a foreign bank in the United States;
    (4) An insured depository institution (as defined in section 3(c)(2) 
of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(c)(2));
    (5) A thrift institution (savings bank, building and loan 
association, credit union, industrial bank or other);
    (6) An insurance company;
    (7) A loan or finance company; or
    (8) A person subject to supervision by any State or Federal bank 
supervisory authority.

[[Page 403]]

    (d) Forms and Procedures--(1) Forms for broker surety bonds and 
trust agreements. Form BMC-84 broker surety bond will be filed with the 
FMCSA for the full security limits under paragraph (a) of this section; 
or Form BMC-85 broker trust fund agreement will be filed with the FMCSA 
for the full security limits under paragraph (a) of this section.
    (2) Broker surety bonds and trust fund agreements in effect 
continuously. Surety bonds and trust fund agreements shall specify that 
coverage thereunder will remain in effect continuously until terminated 
as herein provided.
    (i) Cancellation notice. The surety bond and the trust fund 
agreement may be cancelled as only upon 30 days' written notice to the 
FMCSA, on prescribed Form BMC 36, by the principal or surety for the 
surety bond, and on prescribed Form BMC 85, by the trustor/broker or 
trustee for the trust fund agreement. The notice period commences upon 
the actual receipt of the notice at the FMCSA's Washington, DC office.
    (ii) Termination by replacement. Broker surety bonds or trust fund 
agreements which have been accepted by the FMCSA under these rules may 
be replaced by other surety bonds or trust fund agreements, and the 
liability of the retiring surety or trustee under such surety bond or 
trust fund agreements shall be considered as having terminated as of the 
effective date of the replacement surety bond or trust fund agreement. 
However, such termination shall not affect the liability of the surety 
or the trustee hereunder for the payment of any damages arising as the 
result of contracts, agreements or arrangements made by the broker for 
the supplying of transportation prior to the date such termination 
becomes effective.
    (3) Filing and copies. Broker surety bonds and trust fund agreements 
must be filed with the FMCSA in duplicate.

[53 FR 10396, Mar. 31, 1988, as amended at 75 FR 72998, Nov. 29, 2010; 
78 FR 58482, Sept. 24, 2013; 78 FR 60233, Oct. 1, 2013; 84 FR 51434, 
Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  387.309  Qualifications as a self-insurer and other securities 
or agreements.

    (a) As a self-insurer. The FMCSA will consider and will approve, 
subject to appropriate and reasonable conditions, the application of a 
motor carrier to qualify as a self-insurer, if the carrier furnishes a 
true and accurate statement of its financial condition and other 
evidence that establishes to the satisfaction of the FMCSA the ability 
of the motor carrier to satisfy its obligation for bodily injury 
liability, property damage liability, or cargo liability. Application 
Guidelines: In addition to filing Form BMC 40, applicants for authority 
to self-insure against bodily injury and property damage claims should 
submit evidence that will allow the FMCSA to determine:
    (1) The adequacy of the tangible net worth of the motor carrier in 
relation to the size of operations and the extent of its request for 
self-insurance authority. Applicant should demonstrate that it will 
maintain a net worth that will ensure that it will be able to meet its 
statutory obligations to the public to indemnify all claimants in the 
event of loss.
    (2) The existence of a sound self-insurance program. Applicant 
should demonstrate that it has established, and will maintain, an 
insurance program that will protect the public against all claims to the 
same extent as the minimum security limits applicable to applicant under 
Sec.  387.303 of this part. Such a program may include, but not be 
limited to, one or more of the following: Irrevocable letters of credit; 
irrevocable trust funds; reserves; sinking funds; third-party financial 
guarantees, parent company or affiliate sureties; excess insurance 
coverage; or other similar arrangements.
    (3) The existence of an adequate safety program. Applicant must 
submit evidence of a current ``satisfactory'' safety rating by the 
United States Department of Transportation. Non-rated carriers need only 
certify that they have not been rated. Applications by carriers with a 
less than satisfactory rating will be summarily denied. Any self-
insurance authority granted by the FMCSA will automatically expire 30

[[Page 404]]

days after a carrier receives a less than satisfactory rating from DOT.
    (4) Additional information. Applicant must submit such additional 
information to support its application as the FMCSA may require.
    (b) Other securities or agreements. The FMCSA also will consider 
applications for approval of other securities or agreements and will 
approve any such application if satisfied that the security or agreement 
offered will afford the security for protection of the public 
contemplated by 49 U.S.C. 13906.

[48 FR 51780, Nov. 14, 1983, and 51 FR 15008, Apr. 22, 1986, as amended 
at 52 FR 3815, Feb. 6, 1987; 62 FR 49941, Sept. 24, 1997; 68 FR 56199, 
Sept. 30, 2003]



Sec.  387.311  Bonds and certificates of insurance.

    (a) Public liability. Each Form BMC 82 surety bond filed with the 
FMCSA must be for the full limits of liability required under Sec.  
387.303(b)(1). Form MCS-82 surety bonds and other forms of similar 
import prescribed by the Department of Transportation, may be aggregated 
to comply with the minimum security limits required under Sec.  
387.303(b)(1) or Sec.  387.303(b)(2). Each Form BMC 91 certificate of 
insurance filed with the FMCSA will always represent the full security 
minimum limits required for the particular carrier, while it remains in 
force, under Sec.  387.303(b)(1) or Sec.  387.303(b)(2), whichever is 
applicable. Any previously executed Form BMC 91 filed before the current 
revision which is left on file with the FMCSA after the effective date 
of this regulation, and not canceled within 30 days of that date will be 
deemed to certify the same coverage limits as would the filing of a 
revised Form BMC 91. Each Form BMC 91X certificate of insurance filed 
with the FMCSA will represent the full security limits under Sec.  
387.303(b)(1) or Sec.  387.303(b)(2) or the specific security limits of 
coverage as indicated on the face of the form. If the filing reflects 
aggregation, the certificate must show clearly whether the insurance is 
primary or, if excess coverage, the amount of underlying coverage as 
well as amount of the maximum limits of coverage. * Each Form BMC 91MX 
certificate of insurance filed with the FMCSA will represent the 
security limits of coverage as indicated on the face of the form. The 
Form BMC 91MX must show clearly whether the insurance is primary or, if 
excess coverage, the amount of underlying coverage as well as amount of 
the maximum limits of coverage.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    *Note: Aggregation to meet the requirement of Sec.  387.303(b)(1) 
will not be allowed until the completion of our rulemaking in Ex Parte 
No. MC-5 (Sub-No. 2), Motor Carrier and Freight Forwarder Insurance 
Procedures and Minimum Amounts of Liability.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) Cargo liability. Each form BMC 83 surety bond filed with the 
FMCSA must be for the full limits of liability required under Sec.  
387.303(c). Each Form BMC 34 certificate of insurance filed with the 
FMCSA will represent the full security limits under Sec.  387.303(c) or 
the specific security limits of coverage as indicated on the face of the 
form. If the filing reflects aggregation, the certificate must show 
clearly whether the insurance is primary or, if excess coverage, the 
amount of underlying coverage as well as amount of the maximum limits of 
coverage.
    (c) Each policy of insurance in connection with the certificate of 
insurance which is filed with the FMCSA, shall be amended by attachment 
of the appropriate endorsement prescribed by the FMCSA and the 
certificate of insurance filed must accurately reflect that endorsement.

[47 FR 55944, Dec. 14, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 43332, Sept. 23, 1983; 
48 FR 51781, Nov. 14, 1983; 50 FR 40030, Oct. 1, 1985; 62 FR 49941, 
Sept. 24, 1997; 68 FR 56199, Sept. 30, 2003]



Sec.  387.313  Forms and procedures.

    (a) Forms for endorsements, certificates of insurance and others--
(1) In form prescribed. Endorsements for policies of insurance and 
surety bonds, certificates of insurance, applications to qualify as a 
self-insurer, or for approval of other securities or agreements, and 
notices of cancellation must be in the form prescribed and approved by 
the FMCSA.

[[Page 405]]

    (2) Aggregation of Insurance.** When insurance is provided by more 
than one insurer in order to aggregate security limits for carriers 
operating only freight vehicles under 10,000 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight 
Rating, as defined in Sec.  387.303(b)(1), a separate Form BMC 90, with 
the specific amounts of underlying and limits of coverage shown thereon 
or appended thereto, and Form BMC 91X certificate is required of each 
insurer.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    **Note: See Note for Rule 387.311. Also, it should be noted that DOT 
is considering prescribing adaptations of the Form MCS 90 endorsement 
and the Form MCS 82 surety bond for use by passenger carriers and Rules 
Sec. Sec.  387.311 and 387.313 have been written sufficiently broad to 
provide for this contingency when new forms are prescribed by that 
Agency.

For aggregation of insurance for all other carriers to cover security 
limits under Sec.  387.303 (b)(1) or (b)(2), a separate Department of 
Transportation prescribed form endorsement and Form BMC 91X certificate 
is required of each insurer. When insurance is provided by more than one 
insurer to aggregate coverage for security limits under Sec.  387.303(c) 
a separate Form BMC 32 endorsement and Form BMC 34 certificate of 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
insurance is required for each insurer.

For aggregation of insurance for foreign motor private carriers of 
nonhazardous commodities to cover security limits under Sec.  
387.303(b)(4), a separate Form BMC 90 with the specific amounts of 
underlying and limits of coverage shown thereon or appended thereto, or 
Department of Transportation prescribed form endorsement, and Form BMC 
91MX certificate is required for each insurer.

    (3) Use of Certificates and Endorsements in BMC Series. Form BMC 91 
certificates of insurance will be filed with the FMCSA for the full 
security limits under Sec.  387.303 (b)(1) or (b)(2).

Form BMC 91X certificate of insurance will be filed to represent full 
coverage or any level of aggregation for the security limits under Sec.  
387.303 (b)(1) or (b)(2).

Form BMC 90 endorsement will be used with each filing of Form BMC 91 or 
Form 91X certificate with the FMCSA which certifies to coverage not 
governed by the requirements of the Department of Transportation. Form 
BMC 32 endorsement and Form BMC 34 certificate of insurance and Form BMC 
83 surety bonds are used for the limits of cargo liability under Sec.  
387.303(c).

Form BMC 91MX certificate of insurance will be filed to represent any 
level of aggregation for the security limits under Sec.  387.303(b)(4).

    (4) Use of Endorsements in MCS Series. When Security limits 
certified under Sec.  387.303 (b)(1) or (b)(2) involves coverage also 
required by the Department of Transportation a Form MCS endorsement 
prescribed by the Department of Transportation such as, and including, 
the Form MCS 90 endorsement is required.
    (5) Surety bonds. When surety bonds are used rather than 
certificates of insurance, Form BMC 82 is required for the security 
limits under Sec.  387.303(b)(1) not subject to regulation by the 
Department of Transportation, and Form MCS 82, or any form of similar 
import prescribed by the Department of Transportation, is used for the 
security limits subject also to minimum coverage requirements of the 
Department of Transportation.
    (6) Surety bonds and certificates in effect continuously. Surety 
bonds and certificates of insurance shall specify that coverage 
thereunder will remain in effect continuously until terminated as herein 
provided, except:
    (i) When filed expressly to fill prior gaps or lapses in coverage or 
to cover grants of emergency temporary authority of unusually short 
duration and the filing clearly so indicates, or
    (ii) In special or unusual circumstances, when special permission is 
obtained for filing certificates of insurance or surety bonds on terms 
meeting other particular needs of the situation.
    (b) Filing and copies. Certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and 
notices of cancellation must be filed with the FMCSA at http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov.
    (c) Name of insured. Certificates of insurance and surety bonds 
shall be issued in the full and correct name of the individual, 
partnership, corporation or other person to whom the certificate, 
permit, or license is, or is to

[[Page 406]]

be, issued. In the case of a partnership, all partners shall be named.
    (d) Cancellation notice. Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this 
section, surety bonds, certificates of insurance, and other securities 
or agreements shall not be cancelled or withdrawn until 30 days after 
written notice has been submitted to http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov on the 
prescribed form (Form BMC-35, Notice of Cancellation Motor Carrier 
Policies of Insurance under 49 U.S.C. 13906, and BMC-36, Notice of 
Cancellation Motor Carrier and Broker Surety Bonds, as appropriate) by 
the insurance company, surety or sureties, motor carrier, broker or 
other party thereto, as the case may be, which period of thirty (30) 
days shall commence to run from the date such notice on the prescribed 
form is filed with FMCSA at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov.
    (e) Termination by replacement. Certificates of insurance or surety 
bonds which have been accepted by the FMCSA under these rules may be 
replaced by other certificates of insurance, surety bonds or other 
security, and the liability of the retiring insurer or surety under such 
certificates of insurance or surety bonds shall be considered as having 
terminated as of the effective date of the replacement certificate of 
insurance, surety bond or other security, provided the said replacement 
certificate, bond or other security is acceptable to the FMCSA under the 
rules and regulations in this part.

[47 FR 55944, Dec. 14, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 43334, Sept. 23, 1983; 
48 FR 51781, Nov. 14, 1983; 50 FR 40030, Oct. 1, 1985; 51 FR 34623, 
Sept. 30, 1986; 62 FR 49941, Sept. 24, 1997; 75 FR 35328, June 22, 2010; 
80 FR 63709, Oct. 21, 2015; 83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018; 84 FR 51434, 
Sept. 30, 2019]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5308, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.313 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 84 FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  387.313. In that 
same document, Sec.  387.313 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  387.313T  Forms and procedures.

    (a) Forms for endorsements, certificates of insurance and others--
(1) In form prescribed. Endorsements for policies of insurance and 
surety bonds, certificates of insurance, applications to qualify as a 
self-insurer, or for approval of other securities or agreements, and 
notices of cancellation must be in the form prescribed and approved by 
the FMCSA.
    (2) Aggregation of insurance. (i) When insurance is provided by more 
than one insurer in order to aggregate security limits for carriers 
operating only freight vehicles under 10,000 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight 
Rating, as defined in Sec.  387.303T(b)(1), a separate Form BMC 90, with 
the specific amounts of underlying and limits of coverage shown thereon 
or appended thereto, and Form BMC 91X certificate is required of each 
insurer.

    **Note: See Note for Rule 387.311. Also, it should be noted that DOT 
is considering prescribing adaptations of the Form MCS 90 endorsement 
and the Form MCS 82 surety bond for use by passenger carriers and Rules 
Sec. Sec.  387.311 and 387.313T have been written sufficiently broad to 
provide for this contingency when new forms are prescribed by that 
Agency.

    (ii) For aggregation of insurance for all other carriers to cover 
security limits under Sec.  387.303T(b)(1) or (2), a separate Department 
of Transportation prescribed form endorsement and Form BMC 91X 
certificate is required of each insurer. When insurance is provided by 
more than one insurer to aggregate coverage for security limits under 
Sec.  387.303T(c) a separate Form BMC 32 endorsement and Form BMC 34 
certificate of insurance is required for each insurer.
    (iii) For aggregation of insurance for foreign motor private 
carriers of nonhazardous commodities to cover security limits under 
Sec.  387.303T(b)(4), a separate Form BMC 90 with the specific amounts 
of underlying and limits of coverage shown thereon or appended thereto, 
or Department of Transportation prescribed form endorsement, and Form 
BMC 91MX certificate is required for each insurer.
    (3) Use of certificates and endorsements in BMC Series. Form BMC 91 
certificates of insurance will be filed with the FMCSA for the full 
security limits under Sec.  387.303T(b)(1) or (2).
    (i) Form BMC 91X certificate of insurance will be filed to represent 
full coverage or any level of aggregation for

[[Page 407]]

the security limits under Sec.  387.303T(b)(1) or (2).
    (ii) Form BMC 90 endorsement will be used with each filing of Form 
BMC 91 or Form 91X certificate with the FMCSA which certifies to 
coverage not governed by the requirements of the Department of 
Transportation. Form BMC 32 endorsement and Form BMC 34 certificate of 
insurance and Form BMC 83 surety bonds are used for the limits of cargo 
liability under Sec.  387.303T(c).
    (iii) Form BMC 91MX certificate of insurance will be filed to 
represent any level of aggregation for the security limits under Sec.  
387.303T(b)(4).
    (4) Use of endorsements in MCS Series. When Security limits 
certified under Sec.  387.303T(b)(1) or (b)(2) involves coverage also 
required by the Department of Transportation a Form MCS endorsement 
prescribed by the Department of Transportation such as, and including, 
the Form MCS 90 endorsement is required.
    (5) Surety bonds. When surety bonds are used rather than 
certificates of insurance, Form BMC 82 is required for the security 
limits under Sec.  387.303T(b)(1) not subject to regulation by the 
Department of Transportation, and Form MCS 82, or any form of similar 
import prescribed by the Department of Transportation, is used for the 
security limits subject also to minimum coverage requirements of the 
Department of Transportation.
    (6) Surety bonds and certificates in effect continuously. Surety 
bonds and certificates of insurance shall specify that coverage 
thereunder will remain in effect continuously until terminated as herein 
provided, except:
    (i) When filed expressly to fill prior gaps or lapses in coverage or 
to cover grants of emergency temporary authority of unusually short 
duration and the filing clearly so indicates; or
    (ii) In special or unusual circumstances, when special permission is 
obtained for filing certificates of insurance or surety bonds on terms 
meeting other particular needs of the situation.
    (b) Filing and copies. Certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and 
notices of cancellation must be filed with the FMCSA.
    (c) Name of insured. Certificates of insurance and surety bonds 
shall be issued in the full and correct name of the individual, 
partnership, corporation or other person to whom the certificate, 
permit, or license is, or is to be, issued. In the case of a 
partnership, all partners shall be named.
    (d) Cancellation notice. Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this 
section, surety bonds, certificates of insurance and other securities or 
agreements shall not be cancelled or withdrawn until 30 days after 
written notice has been submitted to the FMCSA at its offices in 
Washington, DC, on the prescribed form (Form BMC-35, Notice of 
Cancellation Motor Carrier Policies of Insurance under 49 U.S.C. 13906, 
and BMC-36, Notice of Cancellation Motor Carrier and Broker Surety 
Bonds, as appropriate) by the insurance company, surety or sureties, 
motor carrier, broker or other party thereto, as the case may be, which 
period of thirty (30) days shall commence to run from the date such 
notice on the prescribed form is actually received by the FMCSA.
    (e) Termination by replacement. Certificates of insurance or surety 
bonds which have been accepted by the FMCSA under these rules may be 
replaced by other certificates of insurance, surety bonds or other 
security, and the liability of the retiring insurer or surety under such 
certificates of insurance or surety bonds shall be considered as having 
terminated as of the effective date of the replacement certificate of 
insurance, surety bond or other security, provided the said replacement 
certificate, bond or other security is acceptable to the FMCSA under the 
rules and regulations in this part.

[82 FR 5308, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018; 84 
FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  387.315  Insurance and surety companies.

    A certificate of insurance or surety bond will not be accepted by 
the FMCSA unless issued by an insurance or surety company that is 
authorized (licensed or admitted) to issue bonds or underlying insurance 
policies:
    (a) In each State in which the motor carrier is authorized by the 
FMCSA to operate, or

[[Page 408]]

    (b) In the State in which the motor carrier has its principal place 
of business or domicile, and will designate in writing upon request by 
the FMCSA, a person upon whom process, issued by or under the authority 
of a court of competent jurisdiction, may be served in any proceeding at 
law or equity brought in any State in which the carrier operates, or
    (c) In any State, and is eligible as an excess or surplus lines 
insurer in any State in which business is written, and will make the 
designation of process agent described in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) In the Province or Territory of Canada in which a Canadian motor 
carrier has its principal place of business or domicile, and will 
designate in writing upon request by FMCSA, a person upon whom process, 
issued by or under the authority of a court of competent jurisdiction, 
may be served in any proceeding at law or equity brought in any State in 
which the carrier operates.

[56 FR 28111, June 19, 1991, as amended at 75 FR 38430, July 2, 2010; 78 
FR 58482, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  387.317  Refusal to accept, or revocation by the FMCSA of surety
bonds, etc.

    The FMCSA may, at any time, refuse to accept or may revoke its 
acceptance of any surety bond, certificate of insurance, qualifications 
as a self-insurer, or other securities or agreements if, in its judgment 
such security does not comply with these sections or for any reason 
fails to provide satisfactory or adequate protection for the public. 
Revocation of acceptance of any certificate of insurance, surety bond or 
other security shall not relieve the motor carrier from compliance with 
Sec.  387.301(c).

[47 FR 55945, Dec. 14, 1982, as amended at 62 FR 49942, Sept. 24, 1997; 
80 FR 59073, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  387.319  Fiduciaries.

    (a) Definitions. The terms ``insured'' and ``principal'' as used in 
a certificate of insurance, surety bond, and notice of cancellation, 
filed by or for a motor carrier, include the motor carrier and its 
fiduciary as of the moment of succession. The term ``fiduciary'' means 
any person authorized by law to collect and preserve property of 
incapacitated, financially disabled, bankrupt, or deceased holders of 
operating rights, and assignees of such holders.
    (b) Insurance coverage in behalf of fiduciaries to apply 
concurrently. The coverage furnished under the provisions of this 
section on behalf of fiduciaries shall not apply subsequent to the 
effective date of other insurance, or other security, filed with and 
approved by the FMCSA in behalf of such fiduciaries. After the coverage 
provided in this section shall have been in effect thirty (30) days, it 
may be cancelled or withdrawn within the succeeding period of thirty 
(30) days by the insurer, the insured, the surety, or the principal upon 
ten (10) days' notice in writing to the FMCSA at its office in 
Washington, DC, which period of ten (10) days shall commence to run from 
the date such notice is actually received by the FMCSA. After such 
coverage has been in effect for a total of sixty (60) days, it may be 
cancelled or withdrawn only in accordance with Sec.  1043.7.

[32 FR 20032, Dec. 20, 1967, as amended at 47 FR 49596, Nov. 1, 1982; 47 
FR 55945, Dec. 14, 1982; 55 FR 11197, Mar. 27, 1990]



Sec.  387.321  Operations in foreign commerce.

    No motor carrier may operate in the United States in the course of 
transportation between places in a foreign country or between a place in 
one foreign country and a place in another foreign country unless and 
until there shall have been filed with and accepted by the FMCSA a 
certificate of insurance, surety bond, proof of qualifications as a 
self-insurer, or other securities or agreements in the amount prescribed 
in Sec.  387.303(b), conditioned to pay any final judgment recovered 
against such motor carrier for bodily injuries to or the death of any 
person resulting from the negligent operation, maintenance, or use of 
motor vehicles in transportation between places in a foreign country or 
between a place in one foreign country and a place in another foreign 
country, insofar as such transportation takes place in the United 
States, or for loss of or damage to property of others. The security for 
the protection of the public required by

[[Page 409]]

this section shall be maintained in effect at all times and shall be 
subject to the provisions of Sec. Sec.  387.309 through 387.319. The 
requirements of Sec.  387.315(a) shall be satisfied if the insurance or 
surety company, in addition to having been approved by the FMCSA, is 
legally authorized to issue policies or surety bonds in at least one of 
the States in the United States, or one of the Provinces in Canada, and 
has filed with the FMCSA the name and address of a person upon whom 
legal process may be served in each State in or through which the motor 
carrier operates. Such designation may from time to time be changed by 
like designation similarly filed, but shall be maintained during the 
effectiveness of any certificate of insurance or surety bond issued by 
the company, and thereafter with respect to any claims arising during 
the effectiveness of such certificate or bond. The term ``motor 
carrier'' as used in this section shall not include private carriers or 
carriers operating under the partial exemption from regulation in 49 
U.S.C. 13503 and 13506.

[47 FR 55945, Dec. 14, 1982, as amended at 62 FR 49942, Sept. 24, 1997]



Sec.  387.323  Electronic filing of surety bonds, trust fund agreements,
certificates of insurance and cancellations.

    (a) Insurers must electronically file forms BMC 34, BMC 35, BMC 36, 
BMC 82, BMC 83, BMC 84, BMC 85, BMC 91, and BMC 91X in accordance with 
the requirements and procedures set forth in paragraphs (b) through (d) 
of this section.
    (b) Each insurer must obtain authorization to file electronically by 
registering with the FMCSA. An individual account number and password 
for computer access will be issued to each registered insurer.
    (c) Filings may be transmitted online via the internet at: https://
li-public.fmcsa.dot.gov.
    (d) All registered insurers agree to furnish upon request to the 
FMCSA a copy of any policy (or policies) and all certificates of 
insurance, endorsements, surety bonds, trust fund agreements, proof of 
qualification to self-insure or other insurance filings.

[80 FR 63710, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5308, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.323 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 86 FR 57072, Oct. 14, 2021, the 
suspension was lifted and an amendment was made to Sec.  387.323. In 
that same document, Sec.  387.323 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  387.323T  Electronic filing of surety bonds, trust fund agreements,
certificates of insurance and cancellations.

    (a) Insurers may, at their option and in accordance with the 
requirements and procedures set forth in paragraphs (a) through (d) of 
this section, file forms BMC 34, BMC 35, BMC 36, BMC 82, BMC 83, BMC 84, 
BMC 85, BMC 91, and BMC 91X electronically, in lieu of using the 
prescribed printed forms.
    (b) Each insurer must obtain authorization to file electronically by 
registering with the FMCSA. An individual account number and password 
for computer access will be issued to each registered insurer.
    (c) Filings may be transmitted online via the internet at: https://
li-public.fmcsa.dot.gov or via American Standard Code Information 
Interchange (ASCII). All ASCII transmission must be in fixed format, 
i.e., all records must have the same number of fields and same length. 
The record layouts for ASCII electronic transactions are described in 
the following table:

                                    Electronic Insurance Filing Transactions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              Required F =
                                      Number of                                filing C =     Start
           Field name                 positions           Description          cancel B =     field    End field
                                                                                  both
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Record type.....................  1 Numeric.......  1 = Filing, 2 =          B                      1          1
                                                     Cancellation.
Insurer number..................  8 Text..........  FMCSA Assigned Insurer   B                      2          9
                                                     Number (Home Office)
                                                     With Suffix (Issuing
                                                     Office), If Different,
                                                     e.g., 12345-01.
Filing type.....................  1 Numeric.......  1 = BI&PD, 2 = Cargo, 3  B                     10         10
                                                     = Bond, 4 = Trust Fund.

[[Page 410]]

 
FMCSA docket number.............  8 Text..........  FMCSA Assigned MC or FF  B                     11         18
                                                     Number, e.g., MC000045.
Insured legal name..............  120 Text........  Legal Name.............  B                     19        138
Insured d/b/a name..............  60 Text.........  Doing Business As Name   B                    139        198
                                                     If Different From
                                                     Legal Name.
Insured address.................  35 Text.........  Either street or         B                    199        233
                                                     mailing address.
Insured city....................  30 Text.........  .......................  B                    234        263
Insured state...................  2 Text..........  .......................  B                    264        265
Insured zip code................  9 Numeric.......  (Do not include dash if  B                    266        274
                                                     using 9 digit code).
Insured country.................  2 Text..........  (Will default to U.S.).  B                    275        276
Form code.......................  10 Text.........  BMC-91, BMC-91X, BMC-    B                    277        286
                                                     34, BMC-35, etc.
Full, primary or excess coverage  1 Text..........  If BMC-91X, P or E =     F                    287        287
                                                     indicator of primary
                                                     or excess policy; 1 =
                                                     Full under Sec.
                                                     387.303T(b)(1); 2 =
                                                     Full under Sec.
                                                     387.303T(b)(2).
Limit of liability..............  5 Numeric.......  $ in Thousands.........  F                    288        292
Underlying limit of liability...  5 Numeric.......  $ in Thousands (will     F                    293        297
                                                     default to $000 if
                                                     Primary).
Effective date..................  8 Text..........  MM/DD/YY Format for      B                    298        305
                                                     both Filing or
                                                     Cancellation.
Policy number...................  25 Text.........  Surety companies may     B                    306        330
                                                     enter bond number.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) All registered insurers agree to furnish upon request to the 
FMCSA a duplicate original of any policy (or policies) and all 
endorsements, surety bond, trust fund agreement, or other filing.

[82 FR 5308, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 86 FR 57072, Oct. 14, 2021]



 Subpart D_Surety Bonds and Policies of Insurance for Freight Forwarders

    Source: 55 FR 11201, Mar. 27, 1990, unless otherwise noted. 
Redesignated at 61 FR 54710, Oct. 21, 1996.



Sec.  387.401  Definitions.

    (a) Freight forwarder means a person holding itself out to the 
general public (other than as an express, pipeline, rail, sleeping car, 
motor, or water carrier) to provide transportation of property for 
compensation in interstate commerce, and in the ordinary course of its 
business:
    (1) Performs or provides for assembling, consolidating, break-bulk, 
and distribution of shipments; and
    (2) Assumes responsibility for transportation from place of receipt 
to destination; and
    (3) Uses for any part of the transportation a carrier subject to 
FMCSA jurisdiction.
    (b) Household goods freight forwarder (HHGFF) means a freight 
forwarder of household goods, unaccompanied baggage, or used 
automobiles.
    (c) Motor vehicle means any vehicle, machine, tractor, trailer, or 
semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power and used to transport 
property, but does not include any vehicle, locomotive, or car operated 
exclusively on a rail or rails. The following combinations will be 
regarded as one motor vehicle:
    (1) A tractor that draws a trailer or semitrailer; and
    (2) A truck and trailer bearing a single load.



Sec.  387.403  General requirements.

    (a) Cargo. A household goods freight forwarder may not operate until 
it has filed with FMCSA an appropriate surety bond, certificate of 
insurance, qualifications as a self-insurer, or other securities or 
agreements, in the amounts prescribed at Sec.  387.405, for loss of or 
damage to household goods.
    (b) Public liability. A freight forwarder may not perform transfer, 
collection, or delivery service until it has filed with the FMCSA an 
appropriate surety

[[Page 411]]

bond, certificate of insurance, qualifications as a self-insurer, or 
other securities or agreements, in the amounts prescribed at Sec.  
387.405, conditioned to pay any final judgment recovered against such 
freight forwarder for bodily injury to or the death of any person, or 
loss of or damage to property (except cargo) of others, or, in the case 
of freight vehicles described at Sec.  387.303(b)(2), for environmental 
restoration, resulting from the negligent operation, maintenance, or use 
of motor vehicles operated by or under its control in performing such 
service.
    (c) Surety bond or trust fund. A freight forwarder must have a 
surety bond or trust fund in effect. The FMCSA will not issue a freight 
forwarder license until a surety bond or trust fund for the full limit 
of liability prescribed in Sec.  387.405 is in effect. The freight 
forwarder license shall remain valid or effective only as long as a 
surety bond or trust fund remains in effect and ensures the financial 
responsibility of the freight forwarder. The requirements applicable to 
property broker surety bonds and trust funds in Sec.  387.307 shall 
apply to the surety bond or trust fund required by this paragraph.

[80 FR 63709, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.403 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  387.403T  General requirements.

    (a) Cargo. A household goods freight forwarder may not operate until 
it has filed with FMCSA an appropriate surety bond, certificate of 
insurance, qualifications as a self-insurer, or other securities or 
agreements, in the amounts prescribed in Sec.  387.405, for loss of or 
damage to household goods.
    (b) Public liability. A HHGFF may not perform transfer, collection, 
and delivery service until it has filed with the FMCSA an appropriate 
surety bond, certificate of insurance, qualifications as a self-insurer, 
or other securities or agreements, in the amounts prescribed at Sec.  
387.405, conditioned to pay any final judgment recovered against such 
HHGFF for bodily injury to or the death of any person, or loss of or 
damage to property (except cargo) of others, or, in the case of freight 
vehicles described at Sec.  387.303T(b)(2), for environmental 
restoration, resulting from the negligent operation, maintenance, or use 
of motor vehicles operated by or under its control in performing such 
service.
    (c) Surety bond or trust fund. A freight forwarder must have a 
surety bond or trust fund in effect. The FMCSA will not issue a freight 
forwarder license until a surety bond or trust fund for the full limit 
of liability prescribed in Sec.  387.405 is in effect. The freight 
forwarder license shall remain valid or effective only as long as a 
surety bond or trust fund remains in effect and shall ensure the 
financial responsibility of the freight forwarder. The requirements 
applicable to property broker surety bonds and trust funds in Sec.  
387.307 shall apply to the surety bond or trust fund required by this 
paragraph (c).

[82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  387.405  Limits of liability.

    The minimum amounts for cargo and public liability security are 
identical to those prescribed for motor carriers at 49 CFR 387.303. The 
minimum amount for the surety bond or trust fund is identical to that 
prescribed for brokers at 49 CFR 387.307.

[78 FR 60233, Oct. 1, 2013]



Sec.  387.407  Surety bonds and certificates of insurance.

    (a) The limits of liability under Sec.  387.405 may be provided by 
aggregation under the procedures at 49 CFR part 387, subpart C.
    (b) Each policy of insurance used in connection with a certificate 
of insurance filed with the FMCSA shall be amended by attachment of the 
appropriate endorsement prescribed by the FMCSA (or the Department of 
Transportation, where applicable).

[55 FR 11201, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54710, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 49942, Sept. 24, 1997]



Sec.  387.409  Insurance and surety companies.

    A certificate of insurance or surety bond will not be accepted by 
the FMCSA unless issued by an insurance or surety company that is 
authorized (licensed or admitted) to issue bonds or underlying insurance 
policies:

[[Page 412]]

    (a) In each State in which the freight forwarder is authorized by 
the FMCSA to perform service, or
    (b) In the State in which the freight forwarder has its principal 
place of business or domicile, and will designate in writing upon 
request by the FMCSA, a person upon whom process, issued by or under the 
authority of a court of competent jurisdiction, may be served in any 
proceeding at law or equity brought in any State in which the freight 
forwarder performs service; or
    (c) In any State, and is eligible as an excess or surplus lines 
insurer in any State in which business is written, and will make the 
designation of process agent prescribed in paragraph (b) of this 
section.
    (d) In the Province or Territory of Canada in which a Canadian 
freight forwarder has its principal place of business or domicile, and 
will designate in writing upon request by FMCSA, a person upon whom 
process, issued by or under the authority of a court of competent 
jurisdiction, may be served in any proceeding at law or equity brought 
in any State in which the freight forwarder operates.

[56 FR 28111, June 19, 1991, as amended at 75 FR 38430, July 2, 2010; 78 
FR 58482, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  387.411  Qualifications as a self-insurer and other securities 
or agreements.

    (a) Self-insurer. The FMCSA will approve the application of a 
freight fowarder to qualify as a self-insurer if it is able to meet its 
obligations for bodily-injury, property-damage, and cargo liability 
without adversely affecting its business.
    (b) Other securities and agreements. The FMCSA will grant 
applications for approval of other securities and agreements if the 
public will be protected as contemplated by 49 U.S.C. 13906(c).

[55 FR 11201, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54710, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 49942, Sept. 24, 1997]



Sec.  387.413  Forms and procedures.

    (a) Forms. Endorsements for policies of insurance, surety bonds, 
certificates of insurance, applications to qualify as a self-insurer or 
for approval of other securities or agreements, and notices of 
cancellation must be in the form prescribed at 49 CFR part 387, subpart 
C.
    (b) Procedure. Certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and notices 
of cancellation must be electronically filed with the FMCSA.
    (c) Names. Certificates of insurance and surety bonds shall be 
issued in the full name (including any trade name) of the individual, 
partnership (all partners named), corporation, or other person holding 
or to be issued the permit.
    (d) Cancellation. Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this 
section, certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and other securities 
and agreements shall not be cancelled or withdrawn until 30 days after 
the FMCSA receives written notice from the insurance company, surety, 
freight forwarder, or other party, as the case may be.
    (e) Termination by replacement. Certificates of insurance or surety 
bonds may be replaced by other certificates of insurance, surety bonds, 
or other security, and the liability of the retiring insurer or surety 
shall be considered as having terminated as of the replacement's 
effective date, if acceptable to the FMCSA.

[55 FR 11201, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54710, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 49942, Sept. 24, 1997; 75 FR 35329, June 22, 2010; 
80 FR 63710, Oct. 21, 2015; 84 FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.413 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 84 FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  387.413. In that 
same document, Sec.  387.413 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  387.413T  Forms and procedures.

    (a) Forms. Endorsements for policies of insurance, surety bonds, 
certificates of insurance, applications to qualify as a self-insurer or 
for approval of other securities or agreements, and notices of 
cancellation must be in the form prescribed at subpart C of this part.
    (b) Procedure. Certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and notices 
of cancellation must be filed with the FMCSA.
    (c) Names. Certificates of insurance and surety bonds shall be 
issued in the full name (including any trade name)

[[Page 413]]

of the individual, partnership (all partners named), corporation, or 
other person holding or to be issued the permit.
    (d) Cancellation. Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this 
section, certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and other securities 
and agreements shall not be cancelled or withdrawn until 30 days after 
the FMCSA receives written notice from the insurance company, surety, 
freight forwarder, or other party, as the case may be.
    (e) Termination by replacement. Certificates of insurance or surety 
bonds may be replaced by other certificates of insurance, surety bonds, 
or other security, and the liability of the retiring insurer or surety 
shall be considered as having terminated as of the replacement's 
effective date, if acceptable to the FMCSA.

[82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018; 84 
FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  387.415  Acceptance and revocation by the FMCSA.

    The FMCSA may at any time refuse to accept or may revoke its 
acceptance of any surety bond, certificate of insurance, qualifications 
as a self-insurer, or other security or agreement that does not comply 
with these rules or fails to provide adequate public protection.



Sec.  387.417  Fiduciaries.

    (a) Interpretations. The terms ``insured'' and ``principal'' as used 
in a certificate of insurance, surety bond, and notice of cancellation, 
filed by or for a freight forwarder, include the freight forwarder and 
its fiduciary (as defined at 49 CFR 387.319(a)) as of the moment of 
succession.
    (b) Span of security coverage. The coverage furnished for a 
fiduciary shall not apply after the effective date of other insurance or 
security, filed with and accepted by the FMCSA for such fiduciary. After 
the coverage shall have been in effect 30 days, it may be cancelled or 
withdrawn within the succeeding 30 days by the insurer, the insured, the 
surety, or the principal 10 days after the FMCSA receives written 
notice. After such coverage has been in effect 60 days, it may be 
cancelled or withdrawn only in accordance with Sec.  387.413(d).

[55 FR 11201, Mar. 27, 1990. Redesignated at 61 FR 54710, Oct. 21, 1996, 
as amended at 62 FR 49942, Sept. 24, 1997]



Sec.  387.419  Electronic filing of surety bonds, certificates of
insurance and cancellations.

    Insurers must electronically file certificates of insurance, surety 
bonds, and other securities and agreements and notices of cancellation 
in accordance with the requirements and procedures set forth at Sec.  
387.323.

[80 FR 63710, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  387.419 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  387.419T  Electronic filing of surety bonds, certificates of
insurance and cancellations.

    Insurers may, at their option and in accordance with the 
requirements and procedures set forth at Sec.  387.323T, file 
certificates of insurance, surety bonds, and other securities and 
agreements electronically.

[82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017]





    Sec. Appendix A to Part 387--Applicability of the Registration, 
 Financial Responsibility, and Safety Regulations to Motor Carriers of 
                               Passengers

    For additional guidance on the application of financial 
responsibility regulations to motor carriers of passengers, refer to 
appendix A to part 390 of this subchapter.

[87 FR 68372, Nov. 15, 2022]

                           PART 388 [RESERVED]



PART 389_RULEMAKING PROCEDURES_FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS-
-Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
389.1 Applicability.
389.3 Definitions.
389.5 Regulatory docket.
389.7 Records.

[[Page 414]]

389.9 Treatment of confidential business information submitted under 
          confidential class determinations.

               Subpart B_Procedures for Adoption of Rules

389.11 General.
389.13 Initiation of rulemaking.
389.15 Contents of notices of proposed rulemaking.
389.17 Participation by interested persons.
389.19 Petitions for extension of time to comment.
389.21 Submission of written comments.
389.23 Consideration of comments received.
389.25 Additional rule making proceedings.
389.27 Hearings.
389.29 Adoption of final rules.
389.31 Petitions for rulemaking.
389.33 Processing of petition.
389.35 Petitions for reconsideration.
389.37 Proceedings on petitions for reconsideration.
389.39 Direct final rulemaking procedures

Appendix A TO Part 389

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 113, 501 et seq., subchapters I and III of 
chapter 311, chapter 313, and 31502; sec. 5204 of Pub. L. 114-94, 129 
Stat. 1312, 1536; 42 U.S.C. 4917; and 49 CFR 1.87

    Source: 35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 389 appear at 66 FR 
49873, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  389.1  Applicability.

    This part prescribes rulemaking procedures that apply to the 
issuance, amendment and revocation of rules under an Act.

[62 FR 37152, July 11, 1997]



Sec.  389.3  Definitions.

    Act means statutes granting the Secretary authority to regulate 
motor carrier safety.
    Administrator means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator.
    Confidential business information means trade secrets or commercial 
or financial information that is privileged or confidential, as 
described in 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4). Commercial or financial information is 
considered confidential if it was voluntarily submitted and is the type 
of information that is customarily not released to the general public by 
the person or entity from whom it was obtained.
    Major rule means--
    (1) Any rule that the Administrator of the Office of Information and 
Regulatory Affairs of the Office of Management and Budget finds has 
resulted in or is likely to result in:
    (i) An annual effect on the economy of $100,000,000 or more;
    (ii) A major increase in costs or prices for consumers, individual 
industries, geographic regions, or Federal, State, or local government 
agencies; or
    (iii) Significant adverse effects on competition, employment, 
investment, productivity, innovation, or on the ability of United 
States-based enterprises to compete with foreign-based enterprises in 
domestic and export markets.
    (2) The term does not include any rule promulgated under the 
Telecommunications Act of 1996 and the amendments made by that Act.
    Petition means a request for:
    (1) A new regulation;
    (i) A regulatory interpretation or clarification; or
    (ii) A determination made by the Administrator that a regulation 
should be modified or eliminated because it is:
    (A) No longer:
    (1) Consistent and clear;
    (2) Current with the operational realities of the motor carrier 
industry; or
    (3) Uniformly enforced;
    (B) Ineffective; or
    (C) Overly burdensome.
    Written or in writing means printed, handwritten, typewritten either 
on paper or other tangible medium, or by any method of electronic 
documentation such as electronic mail.

[62 FR 37152, July 11, 1997, as amended at 80 FR 32864, June 10, 2015; 
85 FR 86848, Dec. 31, 2020]



Sec.  389.5  Regulatory docket.

    (a) Information and data deemed relevant by the Administrator 
relating to rulemaking actions, including notices of proposed 
rulemaking; comments received in response to notices; petitions for 
rulemaking and reconsideration; denials of petitions for rulemaking and 
reconsideration; records of additional rule making proceedings under 
Sec.  389.25; and final rules are maintained at headquarters, Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety

[[Page 415]]

Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (b) Except for material ordered withheld from the public under 
section 552(b) of title 5 of the United States Code, any person may 
examine docketed material in the Department of Transportation Docket 
Management Facility in the following ways:
    (1) At headquarters at any time during regular business hours. 
Copies may be obtained upon payment of a fee.
    (2) On the Web site regulations.gov, at any time, by using the 
uniform resources locator (URL) http://www.regulations.gov. Copies may 
be downloaded or printed.

[72 FR 55702, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  389.7  Records.

    Records of the Administrator relating to rulemaking proceedings are 
available for inspection as provided in section 552(b) of title 5 of the 
United States Code and part 7 of the regulations of the Secretary of 
Transportation (part 7 of this title; 32 FR 9284 et seq.).

[35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988; 85 
FR 86848, Dec. 31, 2020]



Sec.  389.9  Treatment of confidential business information submitted 
under confidential class determinations.

    (a) Purpose. This section establishes the standards and procedures 
by which the Agency will solicit and receive certain confidential 
commercial or financial information, as that term is used in the Freedom 
of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)), categorically referred to below 
as ``confidential business information,'' and the manner in which the 
Agency will protect such information from public disclosure in 
accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4), when it is submitted in accordance 
with paragraph (f) of this section.
    (b) Confidential class determinations. The Administrator may make 
and issue a class determination, which shall pertain to a specified 
rulemaking and shall clearly identify categories of information included 
within the class. Information submitted under the class determination 
and conforming to the characteristics of the class will be treated as 
presumptively confidential and accorded the non-disclosure protections 
described in paragraph (h) of this section. The Administrator may 
establish a class upon finding that:
    (1) FMCSA seeks to obtain related items of commercial or financial 
information as described in 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4);
    (2) The class determination would facilitate the voluntary 
submission of information necessary to inform the rulemaking; and
    (3) One or more characteristics common to each item of information 
in the class will necessarily result in identical treatment, and that it 
is therefore appropriate to treat all such items as a class under this 
section.
    (c) Frequency and content of class determinations. Class 
determinations may be defined by the Administrator on an as needed basis 
and shall include substantive criteria established in accordance with 
the informational needs of the particular rulemaking.
    (d) Modification or amendment. The Administrator may amend or modify 
any class determination established under this section.
    (e) Publication. Once the Administrator has made a class 
determination, the Agency shall publish the class determination in the 
Federal Register. If the Administrator amends or modifies any class 
determination established and published in accordance with this section, 
such changes will be published in the Federal Register.
    (f) Submission of confidential business information. Persons wishing 
to submit information in accordance with a class determination 
established under authority of this section must complete and sign, 
under penalties of perjury, an Affidavit in Support of Request for 
Confidentiality (Affidavit), as set forth in Appendix A to this part. In 
the event that information is submitted under more than one designated 
class, each submission must include an executed Affidavit, asserting, 
among other factors, that:
    (1) The information is submitted to the Agency voluntarily;
    (2) The information is of a type customarily not disclosed to the 
public by the submitter;
    (3) The information, to the best of the submitter's knowledge and 
belief,

[[Page 416]]

has not been disclosed to the public; and
    (4) The information satisfies the substantive criteria for the class 
as established by the Administrator under authority of paragraph (b) of 
this section.
    (g) Submission of comments not containing confidential business 
information. If a submitter elects to provide commentary in addition to 
the confidential business information submitted under one or more 
classes designated under this section, any portion of a submitter's 
additional commentary that does not contain confidential business 
information shall be filed in the public docket in the form and manner 
set forth in the rulemaking.
    (h) Non-disclosure of confidential business information. In 
accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4), information 
submitted under this section shall not be available for inspection in 
the public docket, nor shall such information be provided by the Agency 
in response to any request for the information submitted to the Agency 
under 5 U.S.C. 552, except as provided for in paragraph (j) of this 
section.
    (1) If a requester brings suit to compel the disclosure of 
information submitted under this section, the Agency shall promptly 
notify the submitter.
    (2) The submitter may be joined as a necessary party in any suit 
brought against the Department of Transportation or FMCSA for non-
disclosure.
    (i) Use of confidential business information. To the extent that the 
Agency relies upon confidential business information submitted under 
paragraph (f) of this section in formulating a particular rule, the 
Agency shall, in the preamble of the final rule, disclose its receipt of 
such information under a designated class and shall describe the 
information in a de-identified form, including by summary, aggregation 
or other means, as necessary, to sufficiently explain the Agency's 
reasoning while maintaining the confidentiality of the information.
    (j) Disclosure of confidential business information. (1) If the 
Administrator finds that information submitted to the Agency under 
paragraph (f) of this section fails to satisfy the requirements set 
forth in paragraphs (f)(2), (3) or (4), or that the Affidavit 
accompanying the information submitted under paragraph (f) is false or 
misleading in any material respect, the Agency shall disclose the non-
conforming information by placing it in the public docket for the 
particular rulemaking, within 20 days following written notice to the 
submitter of its decision to do so, except that:
    (i) Submitters may, within 10 days of receipt of such notice, 
provide the Agency with a written statement explaining why the submitted 
information conforms to the requirements of paragraph (f) of this 
section and thus, should not be disclosed. The Agency shall continue to 
withhold the information from the public docket until completing its 
review of the submitter's statement. The Agency may, following timely 
review of the submitter's statement, determine that disclosure is not 
required under this paragraph. In any event, the Agency shall advise the 
submitter in writing of its decision concerning whether the information 
shall be disclosed in the public docket.
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (2) Notice of the Agency's intention to disclose the submitted 
information is not required if the Administrator determines that the 
entity submitting such information has authorized its disclosure to the 
public.
    (3) If, at the time the Administrator determines that the submitted 
information fails to comply with the requirements set forth in paragraph 
(f), such information is the subject of a FOIA request, the requirements 
of 49 CFR 7.29 shall apply.

[80 FR 32864, June 10, 2015, as amended at 84 FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019]



               Subpart B_Procedures for Adoption of Rules



Sec.  389.11  General.

    Except as provided in Sec.  389.39, Direct final rulemaking 
procedures, unless the Administrator, for good cause, finds a rule is 
impractical, unnecessary, or contrary to the public interest, and 
incorporates such a finding and a brief statement for the reason for it 
in the rule, a notice of proposed rulemaking must be issued, and 
interested persons are invited to participate in

[[Page 417]]

the rulemaking proceedings involving rules under an Act.

[75 FR 29916, May 28, 2010]



Sec.  389.13  Initiation of rulemaking.

    (a) The Administrator may recommend the initiation of a rulemaking 
to the Office of the Secretary on his/her own motion. However, in so 
doing, he/she may, in his/her discretion, consider the recommendations 
of his/her staff or other agencies of the United States or of other 
interested persons.
    (b) If a proposed rule regarding commercial motor vehicle safety is 
likely to lead to the promulgation of a major rule, the Administrator, 
before publishing such proposed rule, shall--
    (1) Issue an advance notice of proposed rulemaking that:
    (i) Identifies the need for a potential regulatory action;
    (ii) Identifies and requests public comment on the best available 
science or technical information relevant to analyzing potential 
regulatory alternatives;
    (iii) Requests public comment on the available data, benefits, and 
costs with respect to regulatory alternatives reasonably likely to be 
considered as part of the rulemaking; and
    (iv) Requests public comment on available alternatives to 
regulation; or
    (2) Proceed with a negotiated rulemaking.
    (c) Paragraph (b) of this section does not apply to a proposed rule 
if the Administrator, for good cause, finds (and incorporates the 
finding and a brief statement of reasons for such finding in the 
proposed or final rule) that an advance notice of proposed rulemaking is 
impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary to the public interest. A 
proposed rule subject to paragraph (b) of this section should also be 
evaluated to determine the applicability of 49 CFR 5.17.

[85 FR 86848, Dec. 31, 2020, as amended at 86 FR 17296, Apr. 2, 2021]



Sec.  389.15  Contents of notices of proposed rulemaking.

    (a) Each notice of proposed rulemaking is published in the Federal 
Register, unless all persons subject to it are named and are personally 
served with a copy of it.
    (b) Each notice, whether published in the Federal Register or 
personally served, includes:
    (1) A statement of the time, place, and nature of the proposed 
rulemaking proceeding;
    (2) A reference to the authority under which it is issued;
    (3) A description of the subjects and issues involved or the 
substance and terms of the proposed rule;
    (4) A statement of the time within which written comments must be 
submitted; and
    (5) A statement of how and to what extent interested persons may 
participate in the proceeding.

[35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, as amended at 85 FR 86849, Dec. 31, 2020]



Sec.  389.17  Participation by interested persons.

    (a) Any interested person may participate in rule making proceedings 
by submitting comments in writing containing information, views, or 
arguments.
    (b) In his/her discretion, the Administrator may invite any 
interested person to participate in the rule making procedures described 
in Sec.  389.25.

[35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988]



Sec.  389.19  Petitions for extension of time to comment.

    A petition for extension of the time to submit comments must be 
received in duplicate not later than three (3) days before expiration of 
the time stated in the notice. The filing of the petition does not 
automatically extend the time for petitioner's comments. Such a petition 
is granted only if the petitioner shows good cause for the extension, 
and if the extension is consistent with the public interest. If an 
extension is granted, it is granted to all persons, and it is published 
in the Federal Register.



Sec.  389.21  Submission of written comments.

    (a) You may submit comments identified by the docket number provided 
in the rulemaking document using any

[[Page 418]]

of the following methods. To avoid duplication, please use only one of 
these four methods.
    (1) Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow 
the online instructions for submitting comments.
    (2) Mail: Dockets Operations, U.S. Department of Transportation, 
1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, West Building, Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 
Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (3) Hand Delivery or Courier: West Building, Ground Floor, Room W12-
140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 
p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
    (4) Fax: (202) 493-2251.
    (b) All written comments must be submitted in English and include 
copies of any material that the commenter refers to within the comment.

[85 FR 86849, Dec. 31, 2020]



Sec.  389.23  Consideration of comments received.

    All timely comments are considered before final action is taken on a 
rule making proposal. Late filed comments may be considered as far as 
practicable.



Sec.  389.25  Additional rulemaking proceedings.

    The Administrator may initiate any further rulemaking proceedings 
that he/she finds necessary or desirable. For example, interested 
persons may be invited to make oral arguments, to participate in 
conferences between the Administrator or his/her representative at which 
minutes of the conference are kept, to appear at informal hearings 
presided over by officials designated by the Administrator at which a 
transcript or minutes are kept, or to participate in any other 
proceeding to assure informed administrative action and to protect the 
public interest.

[78 FR 58482, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  389.27  Hearings.

    (a) Sections 556 and 557 of title 5, United States Code, do not 
apply to hearings held under this part. Unless otherwise specified, 
hearings held under this part are informal, nonadversary, fact-finding 
procedures at which there are no formal pleadings or adverse parties. 
Any rule issued in a case in which an informal hearing is held is not 
necessarily based exclusively on the record of the hearing.
    (b) The Administrator designates a representative to conduct any 
hearing held under this part. The Chief Counsel of the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration designates a member of his/her staff to 
serve as legal officer at the hearing.

[35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988]



Sec.  389.29  Adoption of final rules.

    Final rules are prepared by representatives from all relevant 
offices of FMCSA. The final rule is then submitted to the Administrator 
for his/her consideration and forwarded, as necessary, to the Office of 
the Secretary for review and approval. Once approved by the Office of 
the Secretary, and, if necessary, by the Office of Management and 
Budget's Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, the final rule is 
signed by the Administrator. All final rules must be published in the 
Federal Register, unless all persons subject to the final rule are named 
and personally served with a copy of it.

[85 FR 86849, Dec. 31, 2020]



Sec.  389.31  Petitions for rulemaking.

    (a) Any interested person may petition the Administrator to 
establish, amend, interpret, clarify, or withdraw a rule.
    (b) Each petition filed under this section must:
    (1) Be submitted in writing by mail to the Administrator, Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, 
Washington, DC 20590-0001 or electronically at www.regulations.gov, 
using the general petitions for rulemaking docket listed on FMCSA's 
website at www.FMCSA.gov.
    (2) Set forth the text or substance of the rule or amendment 
proposed, or specify the rule that the petitioner seeks to have 
interpreted, clarified or withdrawn, as the case may be;
    (3) Explain the interest of the petitioner in the action requested;

[[Page 419]]

    (4) Contain any information, data, research studies, and arguments 
available to the petitioner to support the action sought.

[85 FR 86849, Dec. 31, 2020]



Sec.  389.33  Processing of petition.

    (a) Unless the Administrator otherwise specifies, no public hearing, 
argument, or other proceeding is held directly on a petition before its 
disposition under this section.
    (b) Grants. If the Administrator determines that the petition 
contains adequate justification, he/she initiates rule making action 
under this Subpart B.
    (c) Denials. If the Administrator determines that the petition does 
not justify rule making, he/she denies the petition.
    (d) Notification. Whenever the Administrator determines that a 
petition should be granted or denied, the Office of the Chief Counsel 
prepares a notice of that grant or denial for issuance to the 
petitioner, and the Administrator issues it to the petitioner.

[35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988]



Sec.  389.35  Petitions for reconsideration.

    (a) Any interested person may petition the Administrator for 
reconsideration of any rule issued under this part. The petition for 
reconsideration must be in English and submitted to the Administrator, 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, 
Washington, DC 20590-0001, or electronically submitted using the docket 
for the rulemaking at www.regulations.gov, and received not later than 
thirty (30) days after publication of the rule in the Federal Register. 
Petitions for reconsideration filed after that time will be considered 
as petitions for rulemakings filed under Sec.  389.31 of this part. The 
petition for reconsideration must contain a brief statement of the 
complaint and an explanation as to why compliance with the rule is not 
practicable, is unreasonable, or is not in the public interest.
    (b) If the petitioner requests the consideration of additional 
facts, he/she must state the reason they were not presented to the 
Administrator within the prescribed time.
    (c) The Administrator does not consider repetitious petitions.
    (d) Unless the Administrator otherwise provides, the filing of a 
petition under this section does not stay the effectiveness of the rule.

[35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988; 72 
FR 55702, Oct. 1, 2007; 80 FR 59073, Oct. 1, 2015; 85 FR 86849, Dec. 31, 
2020]



Sec.  389.37  Proceedings on petitions for reconsideration.

    The Administrator may grant or deny, in whole or in part, any 
petition for reconsideration without further proceedings. In the event 
he/she determines to reconsider any rule, he/she may issue a final 
decision on reconsideration without further proceedings, or he/she may 
provide such opportunity to submit comment or information and data as 
he/she deems appropriate. Whenever the Administrator determines that a 
petition should be granted or denied, he/she prepares a notice of the 
grant or denial of a petition for reconsideration, for issuance to the 
petitioner, and issues it to the petitioner. The Administrator may 
consolidate petitions relating to the same rule.

[35 FR 9209, June 12, 1970, as amended at 53 FR 2036, Jan. 26, 1988]



Sec.  389.39  Direct final rulemaking procedures.

    A direct final rule makes regulatory changes and states that those 
changes will take effect on a specified date unless FMCSA receives an 
adverse comment by the date specified in the direct final rule published 
in the Federal Register.
    (a) Types of actions appropriate for direct final rulemaking. Rules 
that the Administrator determines to be non-controversial and unlikely 
to result in adverse public comments may be published in the final rule 
section of the Federal Register as direct final rules. These include 
non-controversial rules that:
    (1) Make non-substantive clarifications or corrections to existing 
rules;
    (2) Incorporate by reference the latest or otherwise updated 
versions of technical or industry standards;

[[Page 420]]

    (3) Affect internal FMCSA procedures such as filing requirements and 
rules governing inspection and copying of documents;
    (4) Update existing forms; and
    (5) Make minor changes to rules regarding statistics and reporting 
requirements, such as a change in reporting period (for example, from 
quarterly to annually) or eliminating a type of data collection no 
longer necessary.
    (b) Adverse comment. An adverse comment is a comment that FMCSA 
judges to be critical of the rule, to suggest that the rule should not 
be adopted, or to suggest that a change should be made to the rule. 
Under the direct final rule process, FMCSA does not consider the 
following types of comments to be adverse:
    (1) Comments recommending another rule change, unless the commenter 
states that the direct final rule will be ineffective without the 
change;
    (2) Comments outside the scope of the rule and comments suggesting 
that the rule's policy or requirements should or should not be extended 
to other Agency programs outside the scope of the rule;
    (3) Comments in support of the rule; or
    (4) Comments requesting clarification.
    (c) Confirmation of effective date. FMCSA will publish a 
confirmation rule document in the Federal Register, if it has not 
received an adverse comment by the date specified in the direct final 
rule. The confirmation rule document tells the public the effective date 
of the rule.
    (d) Withdrawal of a direct final rule. (1) If FMCSA receives an 
adverse comment within the comment period, it will either publish a 
document withdrawing the direct final rule before it becomes effective 
and may issue an NPRM, or proceed by any other means permitted under the 
Administrative Procedure Act.
    (2) If FMCSA withdraws a direct final rule because of an adverse 
comment, the Agency may issue a notice of proposed rulemaking if it 
decides to pursue the rulemaking.

[75 FR 29916, May 28, 2010, as amended at 84 FR 71733, Dec. 27, 2019; 86 
FR 17296, Apr. 2, 2021]





                       Sec. Appendix A to Part 389

           AFFIDAVIT IN SUPPORT OF REQUEST FOR CONFIDENTIALITY

    I, ______________, pursuant to the provisions of 49 CFR part 389, 
section 389.9, state as follows:
    (1) I am [insert official's name, title] and I am authorized by 
[insert name of entity] to execute this Affidavit on its behalf;
    (2) I certify that the information contained in the document(s) 
attached to this Affidavit is submitted voluntarily, with the claim that 
the information is entitled to confidential treatment under 5 U.S.C. 
552(b)(4);
    (3) I certify that the information contained in the documents 
attached to this Affidavit is of a type not customarily disclosed to the 
general public by [insert name of entity];
    (4) I certify that, to the best of my knowledge, information and 
belief, the information contained in the documents attached to this 
Affidavit, for which confidential treatment is claimed, has never been 
released to the general public or been made available to any 
unauthorized person outside [insert name of entity];
    (5) I certify that this information satisfies the substantive 
criteria set forth in the notice published in the Federal Register on 
______[insert date of rule-specific publication in month/day/year 
format] under FMCSA Docket Number [insert docket number].
    (6) I make no representations beyond those made in this Affidavit, 
and, in particular, I make no representations as to whether this 
information may become available outside [insert name of entity] due to 
unauthorized or inadvertent disclosure; and
    (7) I certify under penalties of perjury that the foregoing 
statements are true and correct.
    Executed on this __day of ___, ____.
    __________________(signature of official)

[80 FR 32865, June 10, 2015]



PART 390_FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS; GENERAL-
-Table of Contents



             Subpart A_General Applicability and Definitions

Sec.
390.1 Purpose.
390.3 General applicability.
390.3T General applicability.
390.4 Delegations and redelegations of authority of FMCSA employees to 
          perform assigned actions or duties.
390.5 Definitions.
390.5T Definitions.
390.6 Coercion prohibited.

[[Page 421]]

390.7 Rules of construction.
390.8 Separation of functions.

             Subpart B_General Requirements and Information

390.9 State and local laws, effect on.
390.11 Motor carrier to require observance of driver regulations.
390.13 Aiding or abetting violations.
390.15 Assistance in investigations and special studies.
390.16 [Reserved]
390.17 Additional equipment and accessories.
390.19 Motor carrier identification reports for certain Mexico-domiciled 
          motor carriers.
390.19T Motor carrier, hazardous material safety permit applicant/
          holder, and intermodal equipment provider identification 
          reports.
390.21 Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.
390.21T Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.
390.23 Relief from regulations.
390.25 Extension of relief from regulations--emergencies.
390.27 Locations of motor carrier safety service centers.
390.29 Location of records or documents.
390.31 Copies of records and documents.
390.32 Electronic documents and signatures.
390.33 Commercial motor vehicles used for purposes other than defined.
390.35 Certificates, reports, and records: Falsification, reproduction, 
          or alteration.
390.36 Harassment of drivers prohibited.
390.37 Violation and penalty.
390.38 Exemptions for pipeline welding trucks.
390.39 Exemptions for ``covered farm vehicles.''

    Subpart C_Requirements and Information for Intermodal Equipment 
     Providers and for Motor Carriers Operating Intermodal Equipment

390.40 What responsibilities do intermodal equipment providers have 
          under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (49 CFR 
          parts 350-399)?
390.40T What responsibilities do intermodal equipment providers have 
          under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (49 CFR 
          parts 350 through 399)?
390.42 What are the responsibilities of drivers and motor carriers 
          operating intermodal equipment?
390.44 What are the procedures to correct the safety record of a motor 
          carrier or an intermodal equipment provider?
390.46 Are State and local laws and regulations on the inspection, 
          repair, and maintenance of intermodal equipment preempted by 
          the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations?

       Subpart D_National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners

390.101 Scope.

               Medical Examiner Certification Requirements

390.103 Eligibility requirements for medical examiner certification.
390.105 Medical examiner training programs.
390.107 Medical examiner certification testing.
390.109 Issuance of the FMCSA medical examiner certification credential.
390.111 Requirements for continued listing on the National Registry of 
          Certified Medical Examiners.
390.113 Reasons for removal from the National Registry of Certified 
          Medical Examiners.
390.115 Procedure for removal from the National Registry of Certified 
          Medical Examiners.

Medical Examiner Certification Requirements for Qualified Department of 
                       Veterans Affairs Examiners

390.123 Medical examiner certification for qualified Department of 
          Veterans Affairs examiners.
390.125 Qualified VA examiner certification training.
390.127 Qualified VA examiner certification testing.
390.129 Issuance of the FMCSA medical examiner certification credential.
390.131 Requirements for continued listing of a certified VA medical 
          examiner on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
          Examiners.
390.133 Reasons for removal of a certified VA medical examiner from the 
          National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
390.135 Procedure for removal of a certified VA medical examiner from 
          the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.

                  Subpart E_Unified Registration System

390.201 USDOT Registration.
390.203 PRISM State registration/biennial updates.
390.205 Special requirements for registration.
390.207 Other governing regulations.
390.209 Pre-authorization safety audit.

                    Subpart E_URS Online Application

390.200T USDOT Registration.

[[Page 422]]

Subpart F [Reserved]

 Subpart G_Lease and Interchange of Passenger	Carrying Commercial Motor 
                                Vehicles

390.401 Applicability.
390.403 Lease and interchange requirements.

Appendix A to Part 390--Applicability of the Registration, Financial 
          Responsibility, and Safety Regulations to Motor Carriers of 
          Passengers

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 113, 504, 508, 31132, 31133, 31134, 31136, 
31137, 31144, 31149, 31151, 31502; sec. 114, Pub. L. 103-311, 108 Stat. 
1673, 1677; secs. 212 and 217, Pub. L. 106-159, 113 Stat. 1748, 1766, 
1767; sec. 229, Pub. L. 106-159 (as added and transferred by sec. 4115 
and amended by secs. 4130-4132, Pub. L. 109-59, 119 Stat. 1144, 1726, 
1743, 1744), 113 Stat. 1748, 1773; sec. 4136, Pub. L. 109-59, 119 Stat. 
1144, 1745; secs. 32101(d) and 32934, Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 
778, 830; sec. 2, Pub. L. 113-125, 128 Stat. 1388; secs. 5403, 5518, and 
5524, Pub. L. 114-94, 129 Stat. 1312, 1548, 1558, 1560; sec. 2, Pub. L. 
115-105, 131 Stat. 2263; and 49 CFR 1.81, 1.81a, 1.87.

    Source: 53 FR 18052, May 19, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



             Subpart A_General Applicability and Definitions



Sec.  390.1  Purpose.

    This part establishes general applicability, definitions, general 
requirements and information as they pertain to persons subject to this 
chapter.



Sec.  390.3  General applicability.

    (a) The rules in subchapter B of this chapter are applicable to all 
employers, employees, and commercial motor vehicles that transport 
property or passengers in interstate commerce.
    (b) The rules in part 383 of this chapter, Commercial Driver's 
License Standards; Requirements and Penalties, are applicable to every 
person who operates a commercial motor vehicle, as defined in Sec.  
383.5 of this subchapter, in interstate or intrastate commerce and to 
all employers of such persons.
    (c) The rules in part 387 of this chapter, Minimum Levels of 
Financial Responsibility for Motor Carriers, are applicable to motor 
carriers as provided in Sec. Sec.  387.3 or 387.27 of this chapter.
    (d) Additional requirements. Nothing in subchapter B of this chapter 
shall be construed to prohibit an employer from requiring and enforcing 
more stringent requirements relating to safety of operation and employee 
safety and health.
    (e) Knowledge of and compliance with the regulations. (1) Every 
employer shall be knowledgeable of and comply with all regulations 
contained in this subchapter that are applicable to that motor carrier's 
operations.
    (2) Every driver and employee involved in motor carrier operations 
shall be instructed regarding, and shall comply with, all applicable 
regulations contained in this subchapter.
    (3) All motor vehicle equipment and accessories required by this 
chapter shall be maintained in compliance with all applicable 
performance and design criteria set forth in this subchapter.
    (f) Exceptions. Unless otherwise specifically provided, the rules in 
this subchapter do not apply to--
    (1) All school bus operations as defined in Sec.  390.5, except for 
Sec. Sec.  391.15(e) and (f), 392.15, 392.80, and 392.82 of this 
chapter;
    (2) Transportation performed by the Federal government, a State, or 
any political subdivision of a State, or an agency established under a 
compact between States that has been approved by the Congress of the 
United States;
    (3) The occasional transportation of personal property by 
individuals not for compensation and not in the furtherance of a 
commercial enterprise;
    (4) The transportation of human corpses or sick and injured persons;
    (5) The operation of fire trucks and rescue vehicles while involved 
in emergency and related operations;
    (6) The operation of commercial motor vehicles designed or used to 
transport between 9 and 15 passengers (including the driver), not for 
direct compensation, provided the vehicle does not otherwise meet the 
definition of a commercial motor vehicle, except for the provisions of 
Sec. Sec.  391.15(e) and (f), 392.80, and 392.82, and except that motor 
carriers operating such vehicles are required to comply with Sec. Sec.  
390.15, 390.21(a) and (b)(2), 390.201 and 390.205.
    (7) Either a driver of a commercial motor vehicle used primarily in 
the transportation of propane winter heating fuel or a driver of a motor 
vehicle

[[Page 423]]

used to respond to a pipeline emergency, if such regulations would 
prevent the driver from responding to an emergency condition requiring 
immediate response as defined in Sec.  390.5.
    (g) Motor carriers that transport hazardous materials in intrastate 
commerce. The rules in the following provisions of this subchapter apply 
to motor carriers that transport hazardous materials in intrastate 
commerce and to the motor vehicles that transport hazardous materials in 
intrastate commerce:
    (1) Part 385, subparts A and E, for carriers subject to the 
requirements of Sec.  385.403 of this subchapter.
    (2) Part 386, Rules of Practice for Motor Carrier, Intermodal 
Equipment Provider, Broker, Freight Forwarder, and Hazardous Materials 
Proceedings, of this subchapter.
    (3) Part 387, Minimum Levels of Financial Responsibility for Motor 
Carriers, to the extent provided in Sec.  387.3 of this subchapter.
    (4) Subpart E of this part, Unified Registration System, and Sec.  
390.21, Marking of CMVs, for carriers subject to the requirements of 
Sec.  385.403 of this subchapter. Intrastate motor carriers operating 
prior to January 1, 2005, are excepted from Sec.  390.201.
    (h) Intermodal equipment providers. The rules in the following 
provisions of this subchapter apply to intermodal equipment providers:
    (1) Subpart F, Intermodal Equipment Providers, of Part 385, Safety 
Fitness Procedures.
    (2) Part 386, Rules of Practice for Motor Carrier, Intermodal 
Equipment Provider, Broker, Freight Forwarder, and Hazardous Materials 
Proceedings.
    (3) Part 390, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations; General, 
except Sec.  390.15(b) concerning accident registers.
    (4) Part 393, Parts and Accessories Necessary for Safe Operation.
    (5) Part 396, Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance.
    (i) Brokers. The rules in the following provisions of this 
subchapter apply to brokers that are required to register with the 
Agency pursuant to 49 U.S.C. chapter 139.
    (1) Part 371, Brokers of Property.
    (2) Part 386, Rules of Practice for Motor Carrier, Intermodal 
Equipment Provider, Broker, Freight Forwarder, and Hazardous Materials 
Proceedings.
    (3) Part 387, Minimum Levels of Financial Responsibility for Motor 
Carriers, to the extent provided in subpart C of that part.
    (4) Section 390.6, prohibiting the coercion of drivers of commercial 
motor vehicles operating in interstate commerce to violate certain 
safety regulations, and subpart E of this part, Unified Registration 
System.
    (j) Freight forwarders. The rules in the following provisions of 
this subchapter apply to freight forwarders that are required to 
register with the Agency pursuant to 49 U.S.C. chapter 139.
    (1) Part 386, Rules of Practice for Motor Carrier, Intermodal 
Equipment Provider, Broker, Freight Forwarder, and Hazardous Materials 
Proceedings.
    (2) Part 387, Minimum Levels of Financial Responsibility for Motor 
Carriers, to the extent provided in subpart D of that part.
    (3) Section 390.6, prohibiting the coercion of drivers of commercial 
motor vehicles operating in interstate commerce to violate certain 
safety regulations, and subpart E of this part, Unified Registration 
System.
    (k) Cargo tank facilities. The rules in subpart E of this part, 
Unified Registration System, apply to each cargo tank and cargo tank 
motor vehicle manufacturer, assembler, repairer, inspector, tester, and 
design certifying engineer that is subject to registration requirements 
under 49 CFR 107.502 and 49 U.S.C. 5108.
    (l) Shippers, receivers, consignees, and transportation 
intermediaries. The rules in 49 CFR 386.12(c) and 390.6 prohibiting the 
coercion of drivers of commercial motor vehicles operating in interstate 
commerce to violate certain safety regulations are applicable to 
shippers, receivers, and transportation intermediaries.

[80 FR 63710, Oct. 21, 2015, as amended at 83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018; 86 
FR 55743, Oct. 7, 2021]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  390.3 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 86 FR 55743, Oct. 7, 2021, the 
suspension was lifted, Sec.  390.3(f)(1) was revised, and the section 
was again suspended indefinitely, effective Nov. 8, 2021.

[[Page 424]]



Sec.  390.3T  General applicability.

    (a)(1) The rules in this subchapter are applicable to all employers, 
employees, and commercial motor vehicles that transport property or 
passengers in interstate commerce.
    (2) The rules in 49 CFR 386.12(c) and 390.6 prohibiting the coercion 
of drivers of commercial motor vehicles operating in interstate 
commerce:
    (i) To violate certain safety regulations are applicable to all 
motor carriers, shippers, receivers, and transportation intermediaries; 
and
    (ii) To violate certain commercial regulations are applicable to all 
operators of commercial motor vehicles.
    (b) The rules in part 383 of this chapter, Commercial Driver's 
License Standards; Requirements and Penalties, are applicable to every 
person who operates a commercial motor vehicle, as defined in Sec.  
383.5 of this subchapter, in interstate or intrastate commerce and to 
all employers of such persons.
    (c) The rules in part 387 of this chapter, Minimum Levels of 
Financial Responsibility for Motor Carriers, are applicable to motor 
carriers as provided in Sec.  387.3 or Sec.  387.27 of this subchapter.
    (d) Additional requirements. Nothing in this subchapter shall be 
construed to prohibit an employer from requiring and enforcing more 
stringent requirements relating to safety of operation and employee 
safety and health.
    (e) Knowledge of and compliance with the regulations. (1) Every 
employer shall be knowledgeable of and comply with all regulations 
contained in this subchapter which are applicable to that motor 
carrier's operations.
    (2) Every driver and employee shall be instructed regarding, and 
shall comply with, all applicable regulations contained in this 
subchapter.
    (3) All motor vehicle equipment and accessories required by this 
subchapter shall be maintained in compliance with all applicable 
performance and design criteria set forth in this subchapter.
    (f) Exceptions. Unless otherwise specifically provided, the rules in 
this subchapter do not apply to--
    (1) All school bus operations as defined in Sec.  390.5T, except for 
Sec. Sec.  391.15(e) and (f), 392.15, 392.80, and 392.82 of this 
chapter;
    (2) Transportation performed by the Federal government, a State, or 
any political subdivision of a State, or an agency established under a 
compact between States that has been approved by the Congress of the 
United States;
    (3) The occasional transportation of personal property by 
individuals not for compensation nor in the furtherance of a commercial 
enterprise;
    (4) The transportation of human corpses or sick and injured persons;
    (5) The operation of fire trucks and rescue vehicles while involved 
in emergency and related operations;
    (6) The operation of commercial motor vehicles designed or used to 
transport between 9 and 15 passengers (including the driver), not for 
direct compensation, provided the vehicle does not otherwise meet the 
definition of a commercial motor vehicle, except that motor carriers and 
drivers operating such vehicles are required to comply with Sec. Sec.  
390.15, 390.19T, 390.21T(a) and (b)(2), 391.15(e) and (f), 392.80 and 
392.82 of this chapter.
    (7) Either a driver of a commercial motor vehicle used primarily in 
the transportation of propane winter heating fuel or a driver of a motor 
vehicle used to respond to a pipeline emergency, if such regulations 
would prevent the driver from responding to an emergency condition 
requiring immediate response as defined in Sec.  390.5T.
    (g) Motor carriers that transport hazardous materials in intrastate 
commerce. The rules in the following provisions of this subchapter apply 
to motor carriers that transport hazardous materials in intrastate 
commerce and to the motor vehicles that transport hazardous materials in 
intrastate commerce:
    (1) Part 385, subparts A and E, of this chapter for carriers subject 
to the requirements of Sec.  385.403 of this chapter.
    (2) Part 386 of this chapter, Rules of practice for motor carrier, 
broker, freight forwarder, and hazardous materials proceedings.
    (3) Part 387 of this chapter, Minimum Levels of Financial 
Responsibility for Motor Carriers, to the extent provided in Sec.  387.3 
of this chapter.
    (4) Section 390.19T, Motor carrier identification report, and Sec.  
390.21T, Marking of CMVs, for carriers subject to the requirements of 
Sec.  385.403 of this

[[Page 425]]

chapter. Intrastate motor carriers operating prior to January 1, 2005, 
are excepted from Sec.  390.19T(a)(1).
    (h) Intermodal equipment providers. The rules in the following 
provisions of this subchapter apply to intermodal equipment providers:
    (1) Subpart F, Intermodal Equipment Providers, of part 385 of this 
chapter, Safety Fitness Procedures.
    (2) Part 386 of this chapter, Rules of Practice for Motor Carrier, 
Intermodal Equipment Provider, Broker, Freight Forwarder, and Hazardous 
Materials Proceedings.
    (3) This part, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations; General, 
except Sec.  390.15(b) concerning accident registers.
    (4) Part 393 of this chapter, Parts and Accessories Necessary for 
Safe Operation.
    (5) Part 396 of this chapter, Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance.

[82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018; 86 
FR 55743, Oct. 7, 2021; 86 FR 57072, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  390.4  Delegations and redelegations of authority of FMCSA
employees to perform assigned actions or duties.

    (a) General. FMCSA may apply the guidelines and procedures of this 
section to delegate or redelegate the authority of FMCSA employees to 
perform assigned actions or duties under this chapter.
    (b) FMCSA Administrator authority to delegate and redelegate. (1) 
The FMCSA Administrator is authorized to delegate and redelegate 
authority and authorize successive redelegations.
    (2) The FMCSA Administrator retains concurrent authority to exercise 
or redelegate any authority that he or she has delegated to an employee 
in regulation, directive, or memorandum.
    (c) Redelegations by FMCSA employees. Unless specifically prohibited 
by law, and in consultation with the FMCSA Office of the Chief Counsel, 
an FMCSA employee with delegated authority is authorized to--
    (1) Redelegate that authority to another FMCSA employee, as 
appropriate; and
    (2) Maintain concurrent authority to exercise or redelegate the 
authority he or she has delegated to another FMCSA employee.
    (d) Exercise of delegated authority in special circumstances. In 
consultation with the FMCSA Office of the Chief Counsel, if the FMCSA 
employee to whom a regulation assigns the authority to perform an action 
or a duty is unavailable or otherwise unable to perform such action or 
duty (e.g., due to a conflict of interest or a vacancy in the position), 
a supervisor of the FMCSA employee may exercise that authority or 
redelegate such authority to another FMCSA employee, as appropriate.
    (e) Format of delegations and redelegations. Delegations and 
redelegations authorized under this section must be in writing and may 
be made by regulation, directive, or memorandum.
    (f) Actions or duties performed under delegated or redelegated 
authority. Each action or duty performed by any FMCSA employee pursuant 
to authority delegated or redelegated to him or her in accordance with 
this section, whether directly or by redelegation, shall be a valid 
exercise of that authority, notwithstanding any regulation that provides 
that such action or duty shall be performed by another FMCSA employee.

[86 FR 57072, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  390.5  Definitions.

    Unless specifically defined elsewhere, in this subchapter:
    Accident means--
    (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this definition, an 
occurrence involving a commercial motor vehicle operating on a highway 
in interstate or intrastate commerce which results in:
    (i) A fatality;
    (ii) Bodily injury to a person who, as a result of the injury, 
immediately receives medical treatment away from the scene of the 
accident; or
    (iii) One or more motor vehicles incurring disabling damage as a 
result of the accident, requiring the motor vehicle(s) to be transported 
away from the scene by a tow truck or other motor vehicle.
    (2) The term accident does not include:

[[Page 426]]

    (i) An occurrence involving only boarding and alighting from a 
stationary motor vehicle; or
    (ii) An occurrence involving only the loading or unloading of cargo.
    Alcohol concentration (AC) means the concentration of alcohol in a 
person's blood or breath. When expressed as a percentage it means grams 
of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or grams of alcohol per 210 
liters of breath.
    Assistant Administrator means the Assistant Administrator of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration or an authorized delegee.
    Bus means any motor vehicle designed, constructed, and/or used for 
the transportation of passengers, including taxicabs.
    Business district means the territory contiguous to and including a 
highway when within any 600 feet along such highway there are buildings 
in use for business or industrial purposes, including but not limited to 
hotels, banks, or office buildings which occupy at least 300 feet of 
frontage on one side or 300 feet collectively on both sides of the 
highway.
    Certified VA medical examiner means a qualified VA examiner who has 
fulfilled the requirements for and is listed on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners.
    Charter transportation of passengers means transportation, using a 
bus, of a group of persons who pursuant to a common purpose, under a 
single contract, at a fixed charge for the motor vehicle, have acquired 
the exclusive use of the motor vehicle to travel together under an 
itinerary either specified in advance or modified after having left the 
place of origin.
    Coerce or Coercion means either--
    (1) A threat by a motor carrier, shipper, receiver, or 
transportation intermediary, or their respective agents, officers or 
representatives, to withhold business, employment or work opportunities 
from, or to take or permit any adverse employment action against, a 
driver in order to induce the driver to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle under conditions which the driver stated would require him or 
her to violate one or more of the regulations, which the driver 
identified at least generally, that are codified at 49 CFR parts 171-
173, 177-180, 380-383, or 390-399, or Sec. Sec.  385.415 or 385.421, or 
the actual withholding of business, employment, or work opportunities or 
the actual taking or permitting of any adverse employment action to 
punish a driver for having refused to engage in such operation of a 
commercial motor vehicle; or
    (2) A threat by a motor carrier, or its agents, officers or 
representatives, to withhold business, employment or work opportunities 
or to take or permit any adverse employment action against a driver in 
order to induce the driver to operate a commercial motor vehicle under 
conditions which the driver stated would require a violation of one or 
more of the regulations, which the driver identified at least generally, 
that are codified at 49 CFR parts 356, 360, or 365-379, or the actual 
withholding of business, employment or work opportunities or the actual 
taking or permitting of any adverse employment action to punish a driver 
for refusing to engage in such operation of a commercial motor vehicle.
    Commercial motor vehicle means any self-propelled or towed motor 
vehicle used on a highway in interstate commerce to transport passengers 
or property when the vehicle--
    (1) Has a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight 
rating, or gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, of 4,536 kg 
(10,001 pounds) or more, whichever is greater; or
    (2) Is designed or used to transport more than 8 passengers 
(including the driver) for compensation; or
    (3) Is designed or used to transport more than 15 passengers, 
including the driver, and is not used to transport passengers for 
compensation; or
    (4) Is used in transporting material found by the Secretary of 
Transportation to be hazardous under 49 U.S.C. 5103 and transported in a 
quantity requiring placarding under regulations prescribed by the 
Secretary under 49 CFR, subtitle B, chapter I, subchapter C.
    Conviction means an unvacated adjudication of guilt, or a 
determination that a person has violated or failed to comply with the 
law in a court of original jurisdiction or by an authorized 
administrative tribunal, an unvacated

[[Page 427]]

forfeiture of bail or collateral deposited to secure the person's 
appearance in court, a plea of guilty or nolo contendere accepted by the 
court, the payment of a fine or court cost, or violation of a condition 
of release without bail, regardless of whether or not the penalty is 
rebated, suspended, or probated.
    Covered farm vehicle--
    (1) Means a straight truck or articulated vehicle--
    (i) Registered in a State with a license plate or other designation 
issued by the State of registration that allows law enforcement 
officials to identify it as a farm vehicle;
    (ii) Operated by the owner or operator of a farm or ranch, or an 
employee or family member of an owner or operator of a farm or ranch;
    (iii) Used to transport agricultural commodities, livestock, 
machinery or supplies to or from a farm or ranch; and
    (iv) Not used in for-hire motor carrier operations; however, for-
hire motor carrier operations do not include the operation of a vehicle 
meeting the requirements of paragraphs (1)(i) through (iii) of this 
definition by a tenant pursuant to a crop share farm lease agreement to 
transport the landlord's portion of the crops under that agreement.
    (2) Meeting the requirements of paragraphs (1)(i) through (iv) of 
this definition:
    (i) With a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight 
rating, or gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, whichever 
is greater, of 26,001 pounds or less may utilize the exemptions in Sec.  
390.39 anywhere in the United States; or
    (ii) With a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight 
rating, or gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, whichever 
is greater, of more than 26,001 pounds may utilize the exemptions in 
Sec.  390.39 anywhere in the State of registration or across State lines 
within 150 air miles of the farm or ranch with respect to which the 
vehicle is being operated.
    Crash--See accident.
    Direct assistance means transportation and other relief services 
provided by a motor carrier or its driver(s) incident to the immediate 
restoration of essential services (such as, electricity, medial care, 
sewer, water, telecommunications, and telecommunication transmissions) 
or essential supplies (such as, food and fuel). It does not include 
transportation related to long-term rehabilitation of damaged physical 
infrastructure or routine commercial deliveries after the initial threat 
to life and property has passed.
    Direct compensation means payment made to the motor carrier by the 
passengers or a person acting on behalf of the passengers for the 
transportation services provided, and not included in a total package 
charge or other assessment for highway transportation services.
    Disabling damage means damage which precludes departure of a motor 
vehicle from the scene of the accident in its usual manner in daylight 
after simple repairs.
    (1) Inclusions. Damage to motor vehicles that could have been 
driven, but would have been further damaged if so driven.
    (2) Exclusions. (i) Damage which can be remedied temporarily at the 
scene of the accident without special tools or parts.
    (ii) Tire disablement without other damage even if no spare tire is 
available.
    (iii) Headlamp or taillight damage.
    (iv) Damage to turn signals, horn, or windshield wipers which makes 
them inoperative.
    Driveaway-towaway operation means an operation in which an empty or 
unladen motor vehicle with one or more sets of wheels on the surface of 
the roadway is being transported:
    (1) Between vehicle manufacturer's facilities;
    (2) Between a vehicle manufacturer and a dealership or purchaser;
    (3) Between a dealership, or other entity selling or leasing the 
vehicle, and a purchaser or lessee;
    (4) To a motor carrier's terminal or repair facility for the repair 
of disabling damage (as defined in Sec.  390.5) following a crash; or
    (5) To a motor carrier's terminal or repair facility for repairs 
associated with the failure of a vehicle component or system; or

[[Page 428]]

    (6) By means of a saddle-mount or tow-bar.
    Driver means any person who operates any commercial motor vehicle.
    Driving a commercial motor vehicle while under the influence of 
alcohol means committing any one or more of the following acts in a CMV: 
Driving a CMV while the person's alcohol concentration is 0.04 or more; 
driving under the influence of alcohol, as prescribed by State law; or 
refusal to undergo such testing as is required by any State or 
jurisdiction in the enforcement of Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 or Sec.  
392.5(a)(2) of this subchapter.
    Electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a cellular 
telephone; personal digital assistant; pager; computer; or any other 
device used to input, write, send, receive, or read text.
    Electronic signature means a method of signing an electronic 
communication that identifies and authenticates a particular person as 
the source of the electronic communication and indicates such person's 
approval of the information contained in the electronic communication, 
in accordance with the Government Paperwork Elimination Act (Pub. L. 
105-277, Title XVII, Secs. 1701-1710, 44 U.S.C. 3504 note, 112 Stat. 
2681-749).
    Emergency means any hurricane, tornado, storm (e.g. thunderstorm, 
snowstorm, icestorm, blizzard, sandstorm, etc.), high water, wind-driven 
water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, mud slide, 
drought, forest fire, explosion, blackout, or other occurrence, natural 
or man-made, which interrupts the delivery of essential services (such 
as, electricity, medical care, sewer, water, telecommunications, and 
telecommunication transmissions) or essential supplies (such as, food 
and fuel) or otherwise immediately threatens human life or public 
welfare, provided such hurricane, tornado, or other event results in:
    (1) A declaration of an emergency by the President of the United 
States, the Governor of a State, or their authorized representatives 
having authority to declare emergencies; by FMCSA; or by other Federal, 
State, or local government officials having authority to declare 
emergencies; or
    (2) A request by a police officer for tow trucks to move wrecked or 
disabled motor vehicles.
    Emergency condition requiring immediate response means any condition 
that, if left unattended, is reasonably likely to result in immediate 
serious bodily harm, death, or substantial damage to property. In the 
case of transportation of propane winter heating fuel, such conditions 
shall include (but are not limited to) the detection of gas odor, the 
activation of carbon monoxide alarms, the detection of carbon monoxide 
poisoning, and any real or suspected damage to a propane gas system 
following a severe storm or flooding. An ``emergency condition requiring 
immediate response'' does not include requests to refill empty gas 
tanks. In the case of a pipeline emergency, such conditions include (but 
are not limited to) indication of an abnormal pressure event, leak, 
release or rupture.
    Emergency relief means an operation in which a motor carrier or 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle is providing direct assistance to 
supplement State and local efforts and capabilities to save lives or 
property or to protect public health and safety as a result of an 
emergency as defined in this section.
    Employee means any individual, other than an employer, who is 
employed by an employer and who in the course of his or her employment 
directly affects commercial motor vehicle safety. Such term includes a 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle (including an independent 
contractor while in the course of operating a commercial motor vehicle), 
a mechanic, and a freight handler. Such term does not include an 
employee of the United States, any State, any political subdivision of a 
State, or any agency established under a compact between States and 
approved by the Congress of the United States who is acting within the 
course of such employment.
    Employer means any person engaged in a business affecting interstate 
commerce who owns or leases a commercial motor vehicle in connection 
with that business, or assigns employees to operate it, but such terms 
does not include the United States, any State, any

[[Page 429]]

political subdivision of a State, or an agency established under a 
compact between States approved by the Congress of the United States.
    Exempt intracity zone means the geographic area of a municipality or 
the commercial zone of that municipality described in appendix A to part 
372 of this chapter. The term ``exempt intracity zone'' does not include 
any municipality or commercial zone in the State of Hawaii. For purposes 
of Sec.  391.62 of this chapter, a driver may be considered to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle wholly within an exempt intracity zone 
notwithstanding any common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point without such zone.
    Exempt motor carrier means a person engaged in transportation exempt 
from economic regulation by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration (FMCSA) under 49 U.S.C. chapter 135 but subject to the 
safety regulations set forth in this subchapter.
    Farm vehicle driver means a person who drives only a commercial 
motor vehicle that is--
    (1) Controlled and operated by a farmer as a private motor carrier 
of property;
    (2) Being used to transport either--
    (i) Agricultural products, or
    (ii) Farm machinery, farm supplies, or both, to or from a farm;
    (3) Not being used in the operation of a for-hire motor carrier;
    (4) Not carrying hazardous materials of a type or quantity that 
requires the commercial motor vehicle to be placarded in accordance with 
Sec.  177.823 of this subtitle; and
    (5) Being used within 150 air-miles of the farmer's farm.
    Farmer means any person who operates a farm or is directly involved 
in the cultivation of land, crops, or livestock which--
    (1) Are owned by that person; or
    (2) Are under the direct control of that person.
    Fatality means any injury which results in the death of a person at 
the time of the motor vehicle accident or within 30 days of the 
accident.
    Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator means the chief executive 
of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, an agency within the 
Department of Transportation.
    Field Administrator means the head of an FMCSA Service Center who 
has been delegated authority to initiate compliance and enforcement 
actions on behalf of FMCSA or an authorized delegee.
    For-hire motor carrier means a person engaged in the transportation 
of goods or passengers for compensation.
    Gross combination weight rating (GCWR) is the greater of:
    (1) A value specified by the manufacturer of the power unit, if such 
value is displayed on the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 
certification label required by the National Highway Traffic Safety 
Administration, or
    (2) The sum of the gross vehicle weight ratings (GVWRs) or the gross 
vehicle weights (GVWs) of the power unit and the towed unit(s), or any 
combination thereof, that produces the highest value. Exception: The 
GCWR of the power unit will not be used to define a commercial motor 
vehicle when the power unit is not towing another vehicle.
    Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) means the value specified by the 
manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single motor vehicle.
    Hazardous material means a substance or material which has been 
determined by the Secretary of Transportation to be capable of posing an 
unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in 
commerce, and which has been so designated.
    Hazardous substance means a material, and its mixtures or solutions, 
that is identified in the appendix to Sec.  172.101, List of Hazardous 
Substances and Reportable Quantities, of this title when offered for 
transportation in one package, or in one transport motor vehicle if not 
packaged, and when the quantity of the material therein equals or 
exceeds the reportable quantity (RQ). This definition does not apply to 
petroleum products that are lubricants or fuels, or to mixtures or 
solutions of hazardous substances if in a concentration less than that 
shown in the table in Sec.  171.8 of this title, based on the reportable 
quantity (RQ) specified for the materials listed in the appendix to 
Sec.  172.101.

[[Page 430]]

    Hazardous waste means any material that is subject to the hazardous 
waste manifest requirements of the EPA specified in 40 CFR part 262 or 
would be subject to these requirements absent an interim authorization 
to a State under 40 CFR part 123, subpart F.
    Highway means any road, street, or way, whether on public or private 
property, open to public travel. ``Open to public travel'' means that 
the road section is available, except during scheduled periods, extreme 
weather or emergency conditions, passable by four-wheel standard 
passenger cars, and open to the general public for use without 
restrictive gates, prohibitive signs, or regulation other than 
restrictions based on size, weight, or class of registration. Toll 
plazas of public toll roads are not considered restrictive gates.
    Interchange means--
    (1) The act of providing intermodal equipment to a motor carrier 
pursuant to an intermodal equipment interchange agreement for the 
purpose of transporting the equipment for loading or unloading by any 
person or repositioning the equipment for the benefit of the equipment 
provider, but it does not include the leasing of equipment to a motor 
carrier for primary use in the motor carrier's freight hauling 
operations; or
    (2) The act of providing a passenger-carrying commercial motor 
vehicle by one motor carrier of passengers to another such carrier, at a 
point which both carriers are authorized to serve, with which to 
continue a through movement.
    (3) For property-carrying vehicles, see Sec.  376.2 of this 
subchapter.
    Intermodal equipment means trailing equipment that is used in the 
intermodal transportation of containers over public highways in 
interstate commerce, including trailers and chassis.
    Intermodal equipment interchange agreement means the Uniform 
Intermodal Interchange and Facilities Access Agreement (UIIFA) or any 
other written document executed by an intermodal equipment provider or 
its agent and a motor carrier or its agent, the primary purpose of which 
is to establish the responsibilities and liabilities of both parties 
with respect to the interchange of the intermodal equipment.
    Intermodal equipment provider means any person that interchanges 
intermodal equipment with a motor carrier pursuant to a written 
interchange agreement or has a contractual responsibility for the 
maintenance of the intermodal equipment.
    Interstate commerce means trade, traffic, or transportation in the 
United States--
    (1) Between a place in a State and a place outside of such State 
(including a place outside of the United States);
    (2) Between two places in a State through another State or a place 
outside of the United States; or
    (3) Between two places in a State as part of trade, traffic, or 
transportation originating or terminating outside the State or the 
United States.
    Intrastate commerce means any trade, traffic, or transportation in 
any State which is not described in the term ``interstate commerce.''
    Lease, as used in subpart G of this part, means a contract or 
agreement in which a motor carrier of passengers grants the use of a 
passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle to another motor carrier, 
with or without a driver, for a specified period for the transportation 
of passengers, whether or not compensation for such use is specified or 
required, when one or more of the motor carriers of passengers is not 
authorized to operate in interstate commerce pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 
13901-13902. The term lease includes an interchange, as defined in this 
section, or other agreement granting the use of a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle for a specified period, with or without a 
driver, whether or not compensation for such use is specified or 
required. For a definition of lease in the context of property-carrying 
vehicles, see Sec.  376.2 of this subchapter.
    Lessee, as used in subpart G of this part, means the motor carrier 
obtaining the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with 
or without the driver, from another motor carrier, through a lease as 
defined in this section. The term lessee includes a motor carrier 
obtaining the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor

[[Page 431]]

vehicle from another motor carrier under an interchange or other 
agreement, with or without a driver, whether or not compensation for 
such use is specified. For a definition of lessee in the context of 
property-carrying vehicles, see Sec.  376.2 of this subchapter.
    Lessor, as used in subpart G of this part, means the motor carrier 
granting the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with 
or without the driver, to another motor carrier, through a lease as 
defined in this section. The term lessor includes a motor carrier 
granting the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with 
or without the driver, to another motor carrier under an interchange or 
other agreement, whether or not compensation for such use is specified. 
For a definition of lessor in the context of property-carrying vehicles, 
see Sec.  376.2 of this subchapter.
    Medical examiner means an individual certified by FMCSA and listed 
on the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners in accordance 
with subpart D of this part.
    Medical variance means a driver has received one of the following 
from FMCSA that allows the driver to be issued a medical certificate:
    (1) An exemption letter permitting operation of a commercial motor 
vehicle pursuant to part 381, subpart C, of this chapter or Sec.  391.64 
of this chapter;
    (2) A skill performance evaluation certificate permitting operation 
of a commercial motor vehicle pursuant to Sec.  391.49 of this chapter.
    Mobile telephone means a mobile communication device that falls 
under or uses any commercial mobile radio service, as defined in 
regulations of the Federal Communications Commission, 47 CFR 20.3. It 
does not include two-way or Citizens Band Radio services.
    Motor carrier means a for-hire motor carrier or a private motor 
carrier. The term includes a motor carrier's agents, officers and 
representatives as well as employees responsible for hiring, 
supervising, training, assigning, or dispatching of drivers and 
employees concerned with the installation, inspection, and maintenance 
of motor vehicle equipment and/or accessories. For purposes of 
subchapter B, this definition includes the terms employer, and exempt 
motor carrier.
    Motor vehicle means any vehicle, machine, tractor, trailer, or 
semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power and used upon the 
highways in the transportation of passengers or property, or any 
combination thereof determined by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, but does not include any vehicle, locomotive, or car 
operated exclusively on a rail or rails, or a trolley bus operated by 
electric power derived from a fixed overhead wire, furnishing local 
passenger transportation similar to street-railway service.
    Motor vehicle record means the report of the driving status and 
history of a driver generated from the driver record that is provided to 
users, such as drivers or employers, and, for drivers licensed by a 
State, is subject to the provisions of the Driver Privacy Protection 
Act, 18 U.S.C. 2721-2725.
    Multiple-employer driver means a driver, who in any period of 7 
consecutive days, is employed or used as a driver by more than one motor 
carrier.
    Operating authority means the registration required by 49 U.S.C. 
13902, 49 CFR part 365, 49 CFR part 368, and 49 CFR 392.9a.
    Operator--See driver.
    Other terms--Any other term used in this subchapter is used in its 
commonly accepted meaning, except where such other term has been defined 
elsewhere in this subchapter. In that event, the definition therein 
given shall apply.
    Out-of-service order means a declaration by an authorized 
enforcement officer of a Federal, State, Canadian, Mexican, or local 
jurisdiction that a driver, a commercial motor vehicle, or a motor 
carrier operation is out of service pursuant to 49 CFR 386.72, 392.5, 
392.9a, 395.13, or 396.9, or compatible laws, or the North American 
Standard Out-of-Service Criteria.
    Person means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, 
business trust, or any other organized group of individuals.
    Previous employer means any DOT regulated person who employed the 
driver in the preceding 3 years, including any possible current 
employer.

[[Page 432]]

    Principal place of business means the single location designated by 
the motor carrier, normally its headquarters, for purposes of 
identification under this subchapter. The motor carrier must make 
records required by parts 382, 387, 390, 391, 395, 396, and 397 of this 
subchapter available for inspection at this location within 48 hours 
(Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal holidays excluded) after a request has 
been made by a special agent or authorized representative of the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration.
    Private motor carrier means a person who provides transportation of 
property or passengers, by commercial motor vehicle, and is not a for-
hire motor carrier.
    Private motor carrier of passengers (business) means a private motor 
carrier engaged in the interstate transportation of passengers which is 
provided in the furtherance of a commercial enterprise and is not 
available to the public at large.
    Private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness) means private 
motor carrier involved in the interstate transportation of passengers 
that does not otherwise meet the definition of a private motor carrier 
of passengers (business).
    Qualified VA examiner means an advanced practice nurse, doctor of 
chiropractic, doctor of medicine, doctor of osteopathy, physician 
assistant, or other medical professional who is employed in the 
Department of Veterans Affairs; is licensed, certified, or registered in 
a State to perform physical examinations; is familiar with the standards 
for, and physical requirements of, an operator certified pursuant to 49 
U.S.C. 31149; and has never, with respect to such section, been found to 
have acted fraudulently, including by fraudulently awarding a medical 
certificate.
    Radar detector means any device or mechanism to detect the emission 
of radio microwaves, laser beams or any other future speed measurement 
technology employed by enforcement personnel to measure the speed of 
commercial motor vehicles upon public roads and highways for enforcement 
purposes. Excluded from this definition are radar detection devices that 
meet both of the following requirements:
    (1) Transported outside the driver's compartment of the commercial 
motor vehicle. For this purpose, the driver's compartment of a 
passenger-carrying CMV shall include all space designed to accommodate 
both the driver and the passengers; and
    (2) Completely inaccessible to, inoperable by, and imperceptible to 
the driver while operating the commercial motor vehicle.
    Receiver or consignee means a person who takes delivery from a motor 
carrier or driver of a commercial motor vehicle of property transported 
in interstate commerce or hazardous materials transported in interstate 
or intrastate commerce.
    Regional Director of Motor Carriers means the Field Administrator, 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, for a given geographical 
area of the United States.
    Residential district means the territory adjacent to and including a 
highway which is not a business district and for a distance of 300 feet 
or more along the highway is primarily improved with residences.
    School bus means a passenger motor vehicle which is designed or used 
to carry more than 10 passengers in addition to the driver, and which 
the Secretary determines is likely to be significantly used for the 
purpose of transporting preprimary, primary, or secondary school 
students to such schools from home or from such schools to home.
    School bus operation means the use of a school bus to transport only 
school children and/or school personnel from home to school and from 
school to home.
    Secretary means the Secretary of Transportation.
    Shipper means a person who tenders property to a motor carrier or 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle for transportation in interstate 
commerce, or who tenders hazardous materials to a motor carrier or 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle for transportation in interstate or 
intrastate commerce.
    Single-employer driver means a driver who, in any period of 7 
consecutive days, is employed or used as a driver

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solely by a single motor carrier. This term includes a driver who 
operates a commercial motor vehicle on an intermittent, casual, or 
occasional basis.
    Special agent See appendix B to subchapter B--Special agents.
    State means a State of the United States and the District of 
Columbia and includes a political subdivision of a State.
    Texting means manually entering alphanumeric text into, or reading 
text from, an electronic device.
    (1) This action includes, but is not limited to, short message 
service, emailing, instant messaging, a command or request to access a 
World Wide Web page, pressing more than a single button to initiate or 
terminate a voice communication using a mobile telephone, or engaging in 
any other form of electronic text retrieval or entry, for present or 
future communication.
    (2) Texting does not include:
    (i) Inputting, selecting, or reading information on a global 
positioning system or navigation system; or
    (ii) Pressing a single button to initiate or terminate a voice 
communication using a mobile telephone; or
    (iii) Using a device capable of performing multiple functions (e.g., 
fleet management systems, dispatching devices, smart phones, citizens 
band radios, music players, etc.) for a purpose that is not otherwise 
prohibited in this subchapter.
    Trailer includes:
    (1) Full trailer means any motor vehicle other than a pole trailer 
which is designed to be drawn by another motor vehicle and so 
constructed that no part of its weight, except for the towing device, 
rests upon the self-propelled towing motor vehicle. A semitrailer 
equipped with an auxiliary front axle (converter dolly) shall be 
considered a full trailer.
    (2) Pole trailer means any motor vehicle which is designed to be 
drawn by another motor vehicle and attached to the towing motor vehicle 
by means of a ``reach'' or ``pole,'' or by being ``boomed'' or otherwise 
secured to the towing motor vehicle, for transporting long or 
irregularly shaped loads such as poles, pipes, or structural members, 
which generally are capable of sustaining themselves as beams between 
the supporting connections.
    (3) Semitrailer means any motor vehicle, other than a pole trailer, 
which is designed to be drawn by another motor vehicle and is 
constructed so that some part of its weight rests upon the self-
propelled towing motor vehicle.
    Transportation intermediary means a person who arranges the 
transportation of property or passengers by commercial motor vehicle in 
interstate commerce, or who arranges the transportation of hazardous 
materials by commercial motor vehicle in interstate or intrastate 
commerce, including but not limited to brokers and freight forwarders.
    Truck means any self-propelled commercial motor vehicle except a 
truck tractor, designed and/or used for the transportation of property.
    Truck tractor means a self-propelled commercial motor vehicle 
designed and/or used primarily for drawing other vehicles.
    Use a hand-held mobile telephone means:
    (1) Using at least one hand to hold a mobile telephone to conduct a 
voice communication;
    (2) Dialing or answering a mobile telephone by pressing more than a 
single button, or
    (3) Reaching for a mobile telephone in a manner that requires a 
driver to maneuver so that he or she is no longer in a seated driving 
position, restrained by a seat belt that is installed in accordance with 
49 CFR 393.93 and adjusted in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's 
instructions.
    United States means the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
    Veteran operator means an operator of a commercial motor vehicle who 
is a veteran enrolled in the health care system established under 38 
U.S.C. 1705(a).
    Written or in writing means printed, handwritten, or typewritten 
either on paper or other tangible medium, or by any method of electronic 
documentation that meets the requirements of 49 CFR 390.32.

[53 FR 18052, May 19, 1988]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
390.5, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the

[[Page 434]]

Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5311, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  390.5 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 84 FR 40293, Aug. 14, 2019, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  390.5. In that 
same document, Sec.  390.5 was again suspended indefinitely. At 86 FR 
35642, July 7, 2021, the suspension was lifted and amendments were made 
to Sec.  390.5. In that same document, Sec.  390.5 was again suspended 
indefinitely. At 86 FR 57072, Oct. 14, 2021, the suspension was lifted 
and amendments were made to Sec.  390.5. In that same document, Sec.  
390.5 was again suspended indefinitely. At 87 FR 13208, Mar. 9, 2022, 
the suspension was lifted and an amendment was made to Sec.  390.5. In 
that same document, Sec.  390.5 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  390.5T  Definitions.

    Unless specifically defined elsewhere, in this subchapter:
    Accident means--
    (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this definition, an 
occurrence involving a commercial motor vehicle operating on a highway 
in interstate or intrastate commerce which results in:
    (i) A fatality;
    (ii) Bodily injury to a person who, as a result of the injury, 
immediately receives medical treatment away from the scene of the 
accident; or
    (iii) One or more motor vehicles incurring disabling damage as a 
result of the accident, requiring the motor vehicle(s) to be transported 
away from the scene by a tow truck or other motor vehicle.
    (2) The term accident does not include:
    (i) An occurrence involving only boarding and alighting from a 
stationary motor vehicle; or
    (ii) An occurrence involving only the loading or unloading of cargo.
    Alcohol concentration (AC) means the concentration of alcohol in a 
person's blood or breath. When expressed as a percentage it means grams 
of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or grams of alcohol per 210 
liters of breath.
    Assistant Administrator means the Assistant Administrator of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration or an authorized delegee.
    Bus means any motor vehicle designed, constructed, and/or used for 
the transportation of passengers, including taxicabs.
    Business district means the territory contiguous to and including a 
highway when within any 600 feet along such highway there are buildings 
in use for business or industrial purposes, including but not limited to 
hotels, banks, or office buildings which occupy at least 300 feet of 
frontage on one side or 300 feet collectively on both sides of the 
highway.
    Certified VA medical examiner means a qualified VA examiner who has 
fulfilled the requirements for and is listed on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners.
    Charter transportation of passengers means transportation, using a 
bus, of a group of persons who pursuant to a common purpose, under a 
single contract, at a fixed charge for the motor vehicle, have acquired 
the exclusive use of the motor vehicle to travel together under an 
itinerary either specified in advance or modified after having left the 
place of origin.
    Coerce or Coercion meanseither--
    (1) A threat by a motor carrier, shipper, receiver, or 
transportation intermediary, or their respective agents, officers or 
representatives, to withhold business, employment or work opportunities 
from, or to take or permit any adverse employment action against, a 
driver in order to induce the driver to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle under conditions which the driver stated would require him or 
her to violate one or more of the regulations, which the driver 
identified at least generally, that are codified at 49 CFR parts 171 
through 173, 177 through 180, 380 through 383, or 390 through 399, or 
Sec.  385.415 or Sec.  385.421T of this chapter, or the actual 
withholding of business, employment, or work opportunities or the actual 
taking or permitting of any adverse employment action to punish a driver 
for having refused to engage in such operation of a commercial motor 
vehicle; or
    (2) A threat by a motor carrier, or its agents, officers or 
representatives, to withhold business, employment or work opportunities 
or to take or permit any adverse employment action against a driver in 
order to induce the driver to operate a commercial motor vehicle under 
conditions which the driver stated would require a violation

[[Page 435]]

of one or more of the regulations, which the driver identified at least 
generally, that are codified at 49 CFR parts 356, 360, or 365 through 
379, or the actual withholding of business, employment or work 
opportunities or the actual taking or permitting of any adverse 
employment action to punish a driver for refusing to engage in such 
operation of a commercial motor vehicle.
    Commercial motor vehicle means any self-propelled or towed motor 
vehicle used on a highway in interstate commerce to transport passengers 
or property when the vehicle--
    (1) Has a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight 
rating, or gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, of 4,536 kg 
(10,001 pounds) or more, whichever is greater; or
    (2) Is designed or used to transport more than 8 passengers 
(including the driver) for compensation; or
    (3) Is designed or used to transport more than 15 passengers, 
including the driver, and is not used to transport passengers for 
compensation; or
    (4) Is used in transporting material found by the Secretary of 
Transportation to be hazardous under 49 U.S.C. 5103 and transported in a 
quantity requiring placarding under regulations prescribed by the 
Secretary under 49 CFR, subtitle B, chapter I, subchapter C.
    Conviction means an unvacated adjudication of guilt, or a 
determination that a person has violated or failed to comply with the 
law in a court of original jurisdiction or by an authorized 
administrative tribunal, an unvacated forfeiture of bail or collateral 
deposited to secure the person's appearance in court, a plea of guilty 
or nolo contendere accepted by the court, the payment of a fine or court 
cost, or violation of a condition of release without bail, regardless of 
whether or not the penalty is rebated, suspended, or probated.
    Covered farm vehicle means--
    (1) A straight truck or articulated vehicle--
    (i) Registered in a State with a license plate or other designation 
issued by the State of registration that allows law enforcement 
officials to identify it as a farm vehicle;
    (ii) Operated by the owner or operator of a farm or ranch, or an 
employee or family member of an owner or operator of a farm or ranch;
    (iii) Used to transport agricultural commodities, livestock, 
machinery or supplies to or from a farm or ranch; and
    (iv) Not used in for-hire motor carrier operations; however, for-
hire motor carrier operations do not include the operation of a vehicle 
meeting the requirements of paragraphs (1)(i) through (iii) of this 
definition by a tenant pursuant to a crop share farm lease agreement to 
transport the landlord's portion of the crops under that agreement.
    (2) Meeting the requirements of paragraphs (1)(i) through (iv) of 
this definition:
    (i) With a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight 
rating, or gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, whichever 
is greater, of 26,001 pounds or less may utilize the exemptions in Sec.  
390.39 anywhere in the United States; or
    (ii) With a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight 
rating, or gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, whichever 
is greater, of more than 26,001 pounds may utilize the exemptions in 
Sec.  390.39 anywhere in the State of registration or across State lines 
within 150 air miles of the farm or ranch with respect to which the 
vehicle is being operated.
    Crash. See accident.
    Direct assistance means transportation and other relief services 
provided by a motor carrier or its driver(s) incident to the immediate 
restoration of essential services (such as, electricity, medical care, 
sewer, water, telecommunications, and telecommunication transmissions) 
or essential supplies (such as, food and fuel). It does not include 
transportation related to long-term rehabilitation of damaged physical 
infrastructure or routine commercial deliveries after the initial threat 
to life and property has passed.
    Direct compensation means payment made to the motor carrier by the 
passengers or a person acting on behalf of the passengers for the 
transportation services provided, and not included in a

[[Page 436]]

total package charge or other assessment for highway transportation 
services.
    Disabling damage means damage which precludes departure of a motor 
vehicle from the scene of the accident in its usual manner in daylight 
after simple repairs.
    (1) Inclusions. Damage to motor vehicles that could have been 
driven, but would have been further damaged if so driven.
    (2) Exclusions. (i) Damage which can be remedied temporarily at the 
scene of the accident without special tools or parts.
    (ii) Tire disablement without other damage even if no spare tire is 
available.
    (iii) Headlamp or taillight damage.
    (iv) Damage to turn signals, horn, or windshield wipers which makes 
them inoperative.
    Driveaway-towaway operation means an operation in which an empty or 
unladen motor vehicle with one or more sets of wheels on the surface of 
the roadway is being transported:
    (1) Between vehicle manufacturer's facilities;
    (2) Between a vehicle manufacturer and a dealership or purchaser;
    (3) Between a dealership, or other entity selling or leasing the 
vehicle, and a purchaser or lessee;
    (4) To a motor carrier's terminal or repair facility for the repair 
of disabling damage (as defined in this section) following a crash; or
    (5) To a motor carrier's terminal or repair facility for repairs 
associated with the failure of a vehicle component or system; or
    (6) By means of a saddle-mount or tow-bar.
    Driver means any person who operates any commercial motor vehicle.
    Driving a commercial motor vehicle while under the influence of 
alcohol means committing any one or more of the following acts in a CMV: 
Driving a CMV while the person's alcohol concentration is 0.04 or more; 
driving under the influence of alcohol, as prescribed by State law; or 
refusal to undergo such testing as is required by any State or 
jurisdiction in the enforcement of Table 1 to Sec.  383.51 or Sec.  
392.5(a)(2) of this subchapter.
    Electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a cellular 
telephone; personal digital assistant; pager; computer; or any other 
device used to input, write, send, receive, or read text.
    Electronic signature means a method of signing an electronic 
communication that identifies and authenticates a particular person as 
the source of the electronic communication and indicates such person's 
approval of the information contained in the electronic communication, 
in accordance with the Government Paperwork Elimination Act (Pub. L. 
105-277, Title XVII, Secs. 1701-1710, 44 U.S.C. 3504 note, 112 Stat. 
2681-749).
    Emergency means any hurricane, tornado, storm (e.g. thunderstorm, 
snowstorm, icestorm, blizzard, sandstorm, etc.), high water, wind-driven 
water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, mud slide, 
drought, forest fire, explosion, blackout, or other occurrence, natural 
or man-made, which interrupts the delivery of essential services (such 
as, electricity, medical care, sewer, water, telecommunications, and 
telecommunication transmissions) or essential supplies (such as, food 
and fuel) or otherwise immediately threatens human life or public 
welfare, provided such hurricane, tornado, or other event results in:
    (1) A declaration of an emergency by the President of the United 
States, the Governor of a State, or their authorized representatives 
having authority to declare emergencies; by FMCSA; or by other Federal, 
State, or local government officials having authority to declare 
emergencies; or
    (2) A request by a police officer for tow trucks to move wrecked or 
disabled motor vehicles.
    Emergency condition requiring immediate response means any condition 
that, if left unattended, is reasonably likely to result in immediate 
serious bodily harm, death, or substantial damage to property. In the 
case of transportation of propane winter heating fuel, such conditions 
shall include (but are not limited to) the detection of gas odor, the 
activation of carbon monoxide alarms, the detection of carbon monoxide 
poisoning, and any real or suspected damage to a propane gas system 
following a severe storm or

[[Page 437]]

flooding. An ``emergency condition requiring immediate response'' does 
not include requests to refill empty gas tanks. In the case of a 
pipeline emergency, such conditions include (but are not limited to) 
indication of an abnormal pressure event, leak, release or rupture.
    Emergency relief means an operation in which a motor carrier or 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle is providing direct assistance to 
supplement State and local efforts and capabilities to save lives or 
property or to protect public health and safety as a result of an 
emergency as defined in this section.
    Employee means any individual, other than an employer, who is 
employed by an employer and who in the course of his or her employment 
directly affects commercial motor vehicle safety. Such term includes a 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle (including an independent 
contractor while in the course of operating a commercial motor vehicle), 
a mechanic, and a freight handler. Such term does not include an 
employee of the United States, any State, any political subdivision of a 
State, or any agency established under a compact between States and 
approved by the Congress of the United States who is acting within the 
course of such employment.
    Employer means any person engaged in a business affecting interstate 
commerce who owns or leases a commercial motor vehicle in connection 
with that business, or assigns employees to operate it, but such terms 
does not include the United States, any State, any political subdivision 
of a State, or an agency established under a compact between States 
approved by the Congress of the United States.
    Exempt intracity zone means the geographic area of a municipality or 
the commercial zone of that municipality described in appendix A to part 
372 of this chapter. The term ``exempt intracity zone'' does not include 
any municipality or commercial zone in the State of Hawaii. For purposes 
of Sec.  391.62 of this chapter, a driver may be considered to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle wholly within an exempt intracity zone 
notwithstanding any common control, management, or arrangement for a 
continuous carriage or shipment to or from a point without such zone.
    Exempt motor carrier means a person engaged in transportation exempt 
from economic regulation by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration (FMCSA) under 49 U.S.C. 13506. ``Exempt motor carriers'' 
are subject to the safety regulations set forth in this subchapter.
    Farm vehicle driver means a person who drives only a commercial 
motor vehicle that is--
    (1) Controlled and operated by a farmer as a private motor carrier 
of property;
    (2) Being used to transport either--
    (i) Agricultural products; or
    (ii) Farm machinery, farm supplies, or both, to or from a farm;
    (3) Not being used in the operation of a for-hire motor carrier;
    (4) Not carrying hazardous materials of a type or quantity that 
requires the commercial motor vehicle to be placarded in accordance with 
Sec.  177.823 of this subtitle; and
    (5) Being used within 150 air-miles of the farmer's farm.
    Farmer means any person who operates a farm or is directly involved 
in the cultivation of land, crops, or livestock which--
    (1) Are owned by that person; or
    (2) Are under the direct control of that person.
    Fatality means any injury which results in the death of a person at 
the time of the motor vehicle accident or within 30 days of the 
accident.
    Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator means the chief executive 
of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, an agency within the 
Department of Transportation.
    Field Administrator means the head of an FMCSA Service Center who 
has been delegated authority to initiate compliance and enforcement 
actions on behalf of FMCSA or an authorized delegee.
    For-hire motor carrier means a person engaged in the transportation 
of goods or passengers for compensation.
    Gross combination weight rating (GCWR) is the greater of:
    (1) A value specified by the manufacturer of the power unit, if such 
value is displayed on the Federal Motor Vehicle

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Safety Standard (FMVSS) certification label required by the National 
Highway Traffic Safety Administration; or
    (2) The sum of the gross vehicle weight ratings (GVWRs) or the gross 
vehicle weights (GVWs) of the power unit and the towed unit(s), or any 
combination thereof, that produces the highest value. Exception: The 
GCWR of the power unit will not be used to define a commercial motor 
vehicle when the power unit is not towing another vehicle.
    Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) means the value specified by the 
manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single motor vehicle.
    Hazardous material means a substance or material which has been 
determined by the Secretary of Transportation to be capable of posing an 
unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in 
commerce, and which has been so designated.
    Hazardous substance means a material, and its mixtures or solutions, 
that is identified in the appendix to Sec.  172.101 of this title, List 
of Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, of this title when 
offered for transportation in one package, or in one transport motor 
vehicle if not packaged, and when the quantity of the material therein 
equals or exceeds the reportable quantity (RQ). This definition does not 
apply to petroleum products that are lubricants or fuels, or to mixtures 
or solutions of hazardous substances if in a concentration less than 
that shown in the table in Sec.  171.8 of this title, based on the 
reportable quantity (RQ) specified for the materials listed in the 
appendix to Sec.  172.101 of this title.
    Hazardous waste means any material that is subject to the hazardous 
waste manifest requirements of the EPA specified in 40 CFR part 262 or 
would be subject to these requirements absent an interim authorization 
to a State under 40 CFR part 123, subpart F.
    Highway means any road, street, or way, whether on public or private 
property, open to public travel. ``Open to public travel'' means that 
the road section is available, except during scheduled periods, extreme 
weather or emergency conditions, passable by four-wheel standard 
passenger cars, and open to the general public for use without 
restrictive gates, prohibitive signs, or regulation other than 
restrictions based on size, weight, or class of registration. Toll 
plazas of public toll roads are not considered restrictive gates.
    Interchange means--
    (1) The act of providing intermodal equipment to a motor carrier 
pursuant to an intermodal equipment interchange agreement for the 
purpose of transporting the equipment for loading or unloading by any 
person or repositioning the equipment for the benefit of the equipment 
provider, but it does not include the leasing of equipment to a motor 
carrier for primary use in the motor carrier's freight hauling 
operations; or
    (2) The act of providing a passenger-carrying commercial motor 
vehicle by one motor carrier of passengers to another such carrier, at a 
point which both carriers are authorized to serve, with which to 
continue a through movement.
    (3) For property-carrying vehicles, see Sec.  376.2 of this 
subchapter.
    Intermodal equipment means trailing equipment that is used in the 
intermodal transportation of containers over public highways in 
interstate commerce, including trailers and chassis.
    Intermodal equipment interchange agreement means the Uniform 
Intermodal Interchange and Facilities Access Agreement (UIIFA) or any 
other written document executed by an intermodal equipment provider or 
its agent and a motor carrier or its agent, the primary purpose of which 
is to establish the responsibilities and liabilities of both parties 
with respect to the interchange of the intermodal equipment.
    Intermodal equipment provider means any person that interchanges 
intermodal equipment with a motor carrier pursuant to a written 
interchange agreement or has a contractual responsibility for the 
maintenance of the intermodal equipment.
    Interstate commerce means trade, traffic, or transportation in the 
United States--
    (1) Between a place in a State and a place outside of such State 
(including a place outside of the United States);

[[Page 439]]

    (2) Between two places in a State through another State or a place 
outside of the United States; or
    (3) Between two places in a State as part of trade, traffic, or 
transportation originating or terminating outside the State or the 
United States.
    Intrastate commerce means any trade, traffic, or transportation in 
any State which is not described in the term ``interstate commerce.''
    Lease, as used in subpart G of this part, means a contract or 
agreement in which a motor carrier of passengers grants the use of a 
passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with or without the driver, 
to another motor carrier, for a specified period for the transportation 
of passengers, whether or not compensation for such use is specified or 
required, when one or more of the motor carriers of passengers is not 
authorized to operate in interstate commerce pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 
13901-13902. The term lease includes an interchange, as defined in this 
section, or other agreement granting the use of a passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle, with or without the driver, for a specified 
period, whether or not compensation for such use is specified or 
required. For a definition of lease in the context of property-carrying 
vehicles, see Sec.  376.2 of this subchapter.
    Lessee, as used in subpart G of this part, means the motor carrier 
obtaining the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with 
or without the driver, from another motor carrier, through a lease as 
defined in this section. The term lessee includes a motor carrier 
obtaining the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with 
or without the driver, from another motor carrier under an interchange 
or other agreement, whether or not compensation for such use is 
specified. For a definition of lessee in the context of property-
carrying vehicles, see Sec.  376.2 of this subchapter.
    Lessor, as used in subpart G of this part, means the motor carrier 
granting the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with 
or without the driver, to another motor carrier, through a lease as 
defined in this section. The term lessor includes a motor carrier 
granting the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, with 
or without the driver, to another motor carrier under an interchange or 
other agreement, whether or not compensation for such use is specified. 
For a definition of lessor in the context of property-carrying vehicles, 
see Sec.  376.2 of this subchapter.
    Medical examiner means an individual certified by FMCSA and listed 
on the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners in accordance 
with subpart D of this part.
    Medical variance means a driver has received one of the following 
from FMCSA that allows the driver to be issued a medical certificate:
    (1) An exemption letter permitting operation of a commercial motor 
vehicle pursuant to part 381, subpart C, of this chapter or Sec.  391.64 
of this chapter;
    (2) A skill performance evaluation certificate permitting operation 
of a commercial motor vehicle pursuant to Sec.  391.49 of this chapter.
    Mobile telephone means a mobile communication device that falls 
under or uses any commercial mobile radio service, as defined in 
regulations of the Federal Communications Commission, 47 CFR 20.3. It 
does not include two-way or Citizens Band Radio services.
    Motor carrier means a for-hire motor carrier or a private motor 
carrier. The term includes a motor carrier's agents, officers and 
representatives as well as employees responsible for hiring, 
supervising, training, assigning, or dispatching of drivers and 
employees concerned with the installation, inspection, and maintenance 
of motor vehicle equipment and/or accessories. For purposes of this 
subchapter, this definition includes the terms employer, and exempt 
motor carrier.
    Motor vehicle means any vehicle, machine, tractor, trailer, or 
semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power and used upon the 
highways in the transportation of passengers or property, or any 
combination thereof determined by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, but does not include any vehicle, locomotive, or car 
operated exclusively on a rail or rails, or a trolley bus operated by 
electric power derived from a fixed overhead wire, furnishing local 
passenger transportation similar to street-railway service.

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    Motor vehicle record means the report of the driving status and 
history of a driver generated from the driver record that is provided to 
users, such as drivers or employers, and, for drivers licensed by a 
State, is subject to the provisions of the Driver Privacy Protection 
Act, 18 U.S.C. 2721-2725.
    Multiple-employer driver means a driver, who in any period of 7 
consecutive days, is employed or used as a driver by more than one motor 
carrier.
    Operating authority means the registration required by 49 U.S.C. 
13902, 49 CFR part 365, 49 CFR part 368, and 49 CFR 392.9a.
    Operator. See driver.
    Other terms. Any other term used in this subchapter is used in its 
commonly accepted meaning, except where such other term has been defined 
elsewhere in this subchapter. In that event, the definition therein 
given shall apply.
    Out-of-service order means a declaration by an authorized 
enforcement officer of a Federal, State, Canadian, Mexican, or local 
jurisdiction that a driver, a commercial motor vehicle, or a motor 
carrier operation is out of service pursuant to 49 CFR 386.72, 392.5, 
392.9a, 395.13, or 396.9, or compatible laws, or the North American 
Standard Out-of-Service Criteria.
    Person means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, 
business trust, or any other organized group of individuals.
    Previous employer means any DOT regulated person who employed the 
driver in the preceding 3 years, including any possible current 
employer.
    Principal place of business means the single location designated by 
the motor carrier, normally its headquarters, for purposes of 
identification under this subchapter. The motor carrier must make 
records required by parts 382, 387, 390, 391, 395, 396, and 397 of this 
subchapter available for inspection at this location within 48 hours 
(Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal holidays excluded) after a request has 
been made by a special agent or authorized representative of the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration.
    Private motor carrier means a person who provides transportation of 
property or passengers, by commercial motor vehicle, and is not a for-
hire motor carrier.
    Private motor carrier of passengers (business) means a private motor 
carrier engaged in the interstate transportation of passengers which is 
provided in the furtherance of a commercial enterprise and is not 
available to the public at large.
    Private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness) means private 
motor carrier involved in the interstate transportation of passengers 
that does not otherwise meet the definition of a private motor carrier 
of passengers (business).
    Qualified VA examiner means an advanced practice nurse, doctor of 
chiropractic, doctor of medicine, doctor of osteopathy, physician 
assistant, or other medical professional who is employed in the 
Department of Veterans Affairs; is licensed, certified, or registered in 
a State to perform physical examinations; is familiar with the standards 
for, and physical requirements of, an operator certified pursuant to 49 
U.S.C. 31149; and has never, with respect to such section, been found to 
have acted fraudulently, including by fraudulently awarding a medical 
certificate.
    Radar detector means any device or mechanism to detect the emission 
of radio microwaves, laser beams or any other future speed measurement 
technology employed by enforcement personnel to measure the speed of 
commercial motor vehicles upon public roads and highways for enforcement 
purposes. Excluded from this definition are radar detection devices that 
meet both of the following requirements:
    (1) Transported outside the driver's compartment of the commercial 
motor vehicle. For this purpose, the driver's compartment of a 
passenger-carrying CMV shall include all space designed to accommodate 
both the driver and the passengers; and
    (2) Completely inaccessible to, inoperable by, and imperceptible to 
the driver while operating the commercial motor vehicle.
    Receiver or consignee means a person who takes delivery from a motor 
carrier or driver of a commercial motor vehicle of property transported 
in

[[Page 441]]

interstate commerce or hazardous materials transported in interstate or 
intrastate commerce.
    Regional Director of Motor Carriers means the Field Administrator, 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, for a given geographical 
area of the United States.
    Residential district means the territory adjacent to and including a 
highway which is not a business district and for a distance of 300 feet 
or more along the highway is primarily improved with residences.
    School bus means a passenger motor vehicle which is designed or used 
to carry more than 10 passengers in addition to the driver, and which 
the Secretary determines is likely to be significantly used for the 
purpose of transporting preprimary, primary, or secondary school 
students to such schools from home or from such schools to home.
    School bus operation means the use of a school bus to transport only 
school children and/or school personnel from home to school and from 
school to home.
    Secretary means the Secretary of Transportation.
    Shipper means a person who tenders property to a motor carrier or 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle for transportation in interstate 
commerce, or who tenders hazardous materials to a motor carrier or 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle for transportation in interstate or 
intrastate commerce.
    Single-employer driver means a driver who, in any period of 7 
consecutive days, is employed or used as a driver solely by a single 
motor carrier. This term includes a driver who operates a commercial 
motor vehicle on an intermittent, casual, or occasional basis.
    Special agent. See appendix B to this subchapter--Special agents.
    State means a State of the United States and the District of 
Columbia and includes a political subdivision of a State.
    Texting means manually entering alphanumeric text into, or reading 
text from, an electronic device.
    (1) This action includes, but is not limited to, short message 
service, emailing, instant messaging, a command or request to access a 
World Wide Web page, pressing more than a single button to initiate or 
terminate a voice communication using a mobile telephone, or engaging in 
any other form of electronic text retrieval or entry, for present or 
future communication.
    (2) Texting does not include:
    (i) Inputting, selecting, or reading information on a global 
positioning system or navigation system; or
    (ii) Pressing a single button to initiate or terminate a voice 
communication using a mobile telephone; or
    (iii) Using a device capable of performing multiple functions (e.g., 
fleet management systems, dispatching devices, smart phones, citizens 
band radios, music players, etc.) for a purpose that is not otherwise 
prohibited in this subchapter.
    Trailer includes:
    (1) Full trailer means any motor vehicle other than a pole trailer 
which is designed to be drawn by another motor vehicle and so 
constructed that no part of its weight, except for the towing device, 
rests upon the self-propelled towing motor vehicle. A semitrailer 
equipped with an auxiliary front axle (converter dolly) shall be 
considered a full trailer.
    (2) Pole trailer means any motor vehicle which is designed to be 
drawn by another motor vehicle and attached to the towing motor vehicle 
by means of a ``reach'' or ``pole,'' or by being ``boomed'' or otherwise 
secured to the towing motor vehicle, for transporting long or 
irregularly shaped loads such as poles, pipes, or structural members, 
which generally are capable of sustaining themselves as beams between 
the supporting connections.
    (3) Semitrailer means any motor vehicle, other than a pole trailer, 
which is designed to be drawn by another motor vehicle and is 
constructed so that some part of its weight rests upon the self-
propelled towing motor vehicle.
    Transportation intermediary means a person who arranges the 
transportation of property or passengers by commercial motor vehicle in 
interstate commerce, or who arranges the transportation of hazardous 
materials by commercial motor vehicle in interstate or intrastate 
commerce, including but

[[Page 442]]

not limited to brokers and freight forwarders.
    Truck means any self-propelled commercial motor vehicle except a 
truck tractor, designed and/or used for the transportation of property.
    Truck tractor means a self-propelled commercial motor vehicle 
designed and/or used primarily for drawing other vehicles.
    Use a hand-held mobile telephone means:
    (1) Using at least one hand to hold a mobile telephone to conduct a 
voice communication;
    (2) Dialing or answering a mobile telephone by pressing more than a 
single button; or
    (3) Reaching for a mobile telephone in a manner that requires a 
driver to maneuver so that he or she is no longer in a seated driving 
position, restrained by a seat belt that is installed in accordance with 
49 CFR 393.93 and adjusted in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's 
instructions.
    United States means the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
    Veteran operator means an operator of a commercial motor vehicle who 
is a veteran enrolled in the health care system established under 38 
U.S.C. 1705(a).
    Written or in writing means printed, handwritten, or typewritten 
either on paper or other tangible medium, or by any method of electronic 
documentation that meets the requirements of 49 CFR 390.32.

[82 FR 5311, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018; 83 
FR 22878, May 17, 2018; 83 FR 24228, May 25, 2018; 83 FR 26860, June 11, 
2018; 83 FR 48726, Sept. 27, 2018; 84 FR 40294, Aug. 14, 2019; 86 FR 
35642, July 7, 2021; 86 FR 57073, Oct. 14, 2021; 87 FR 13208, Mar. 9, 
2022]



Sec.  390.6  Coercion prohibited.

    (a) Prohibition. (1) A motor carrier, shipper, receiver, or 
transportation intermediary, including their respective agents, 
officers, or representatives, may not coerce a driver of a commercial 
motor vehicle to operate such vehicle in violation of 49 CFR parts 171-
173, 177-180, 380-383 or 390-399, or Sec. Sec.  385.415 or 385.421;
    (2) A motor carrier or its agents, officers, or representatives, may 
not coerce a driver of a commercial motor vehicle to operate such 
vehicle in violation of 49 CFR parts 356, 360, or 365-379.
    (b) Complaint process. (1) A driver who believes he or she was 
coerced to violate a regulation described in paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of 
this section may file a written complaint under Sec.  386.12(c) of this 
subchapter.
    (2) A complaint under paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall 
describe the action that the driver claims constitutes coercion and 
identify the regulation the driver was coerced to violate.
    (3) A complaint under paragraph (b)(1) of this section may include 
any supporting evidence that will assist the Division Administrator in 
determining the merits of the complaint.

[80 FR 74710, Nov. 30, 2015, as amended at 81 FR 68348, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  390.7  Rules of construction.

    (a) In part 325 of subchapter A and in this subchapter, unless the 
context requires otherwise:
    (1) Words imparting the singular include the plural;
    (2) Words imparting the plural include the singular;
    (3) Words imparting the present tense include the future tense.
    (b) In this subchapter the word--
    (1) Officer includes any person authorized by law to perform the 
duties of the office;
    (2) Shall is used in an imperative sense;
    (3) Must is used in an imperative sense;
    (4) Should is used in a recommendatory sense;
    (5) May is used in a permissive sense; and
    (6) Includes is used as a word of inclusion, not limitation.

[53 FR 18052, May 19, 1988, as amended at 60 FR 38744, July 28, 1995; 83 
FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  390.8  Separation of functions.

    (a) An Agency employee who has taken an active part in 
investigating, prosecuting, advocating, or making an initial Agency 
determination in a proceeding under Sec.  380.723, Sec.  382.717, Sec.  
390.115, Sec.  390.135, or Sec.  391.47 of this chapter or section 5.4 
to appendix A to subpart B of part 395 of this chapter

[[Page 443]]

may not, in that case or a factually-related case, advise or assist the 
Agency official authorized to issue a final decision in the applicable 
proceeding.
    (b) Nothing in this section shall preclude the Agency official 
authorized to issue a final decision or anyone advising that Agency 
official from taking part in a determination to launch an investigation 
or issue a complaint, or similar preliminary decision.

[86 FR 57073, Oct. 14, 2021]



             Subpart B_General Requirements and Information



Sec.  390.9  State and local laws, effect on.

    Except as otherwise specifically indicated, subchapter B of this 
chapter is not intended to preclude States or subdivisions thereof from 
establishing or enforcing State or local laws relating to safety, the 
compliance with which would not prevent full compliance with these 
regulations by the person subject thereto.



Sec.  390.11  Motor carrier to require observance of driver regulations.

    Whenever in part 325 of subchapter A or in this subchapter a duty is 
prescribed for a driver or a prohibition is imposed upon the driver, it 
shall be the duty of the motor carrier to require observance of such 
duty or prohibition. If the motor carrier is a driver, the driver shall 
likewise be bound.



Sec.  390.13  Aiding or abetting violations.

    No person shall aid, abet, encourage, or require a motor carrier or 
its employees to violate the rules of this chapter.



Sec.  390.15  Assistance in investigations and special studies.

    (a) Each motor carrier and intermodal equipment provider must do the 
following:
    (1) Make all records and information pertaining to an accident 
available to an authorized representative or special agent of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, an authorized State or 
local enforcement agency representative, or authorized third party 
representative within such time as the request or investigation may 
specify.
    (2) Give an authorized representative all reasonable assistance in 
the investigation of any accident, including providing a full, true, and 
correct response to any question of the inquiry.
    (b) Motor carriers must maintain an accident register for 3 years 
after the date of each accident. Information placed in the accident 
register must contain at least the following:
    (1) A list of accidents as defined at Sec.  390.5 of this chapter 
containing for each accident:
    (i) Date of accident.
    (ii) City or town, or most near, where the accident occurred and the 
State where the accident occurred.
    (iii) Driver Name.
    (iv) Number of injuries.
    (v) Number of fatalities.
    (vi) Whether hazardous materials, other than fuel spilled from the 
fuel tanks of motor vehicle involved in the accident, were released.
    (2) Copies of all accident reports required by State or other 
governmental entities or insurers.

(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 
2126-0009)

[69 FR 16719, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 73 FR 76821, Dec. 17, 2008; 
83 FR 22878, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  390.16  [Reserved]



Sec.  390.17  Additional equipment and accessories.

    Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prohibit the use of 
additional equipment and accessories, not inconsistent with or 
prohibited by this subchapter, provided such equipment and accessories 
do not decrease the safety of operation of the commercial motor vehicles 
on which they are used.

[53 FR 18052, May 19, 1988, as amended at 60 FR 38744, July 28, 1995. 
Redesignated at 65 FR 35296, June 2, 2000]



Sec.  390.19  Motor carrier identification reports for certain
Mexico-domiciled motor carriers.

    (a) Applicability. A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier requesting 
authority to provide transportation of property or passengers in 
interstate commerce between Mexico and points in the United States 
beyond the municipalities and commercial zones along the United

[[Page 444]]

States-Mexico international border must file Form MCS-150 with FMCSA as 
follows:
    (b) Filing schedule. Each motor carrier must file the appropriate 
form under paragraph (a) of this section at the following times:
    (1) Before it begins operations; and
    (2) Every 24 months, according to the following schedule:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
           USDOT No. ending in                Must file by last day of
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1........................................  January.
2........................................  February.
3........................................  March.
4........................................  April.
5........................................  May.
6........................................  June.
7........................................  July.
8........................................  August.
9........................................  September.
0........................................  October.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (3) If the next-to-last digit of its USDOT Number is odd, the motor 
carrier shall file its update in every odd-numbered calendar year. If 
the next-to-last digit of the USDOT Number is even, the motor carrier 
shall file its update in every even-numbered calendar year.
    (4) A person that fails to complete biennial updates to the 
information pursuant to paragraph (b)(2) of this section is subject to 
the penalties prescribed in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B) or 49 U.S.C. 
14901(a), as appropriate, and deactivation of its USDOT Number.
    (c) Availability of forms. The Form MCS-150 and complete 
instructions are available from the FMCSA Web site at http://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs; from all FMCSA Service Centers and Division 
offices nationwide; or by calling 1-800-832-5660.
    (d) Where to file. The Form MCS-150 must be filed with the FMCSA 
Office of Registration and Safety Information. The form may be filed 
electronically according to the instructions at the Agency's Web site, 
or it may be sent to Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Office 
of Registration and Safety Information, MC-RS 1200 New Jersey Avenue 
SE., Washington, DC 20590.
    (e) Special instructions. A motor carrier should submit the Form 
MCS-150 along with its application for operating authority (OP-1(MX)), 
to the appropriate address referenced on that form, or may submit it 
electronically or by mail separately to the address mentioned in 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (f) Only the legal name or a single trade name of the motor carrier 
may be used on the Form MCS-150.
    (g)(1) A motor carrier that fails to file the Form MCS-150 or 
furnishes misleading information or makes false statements upon the 
form, is subject to the penalties prescribed in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B).
    (2) A motor carrier that fails to update the Form MCS-150 as 
required in paragraph (b) will have its USDOT Number deactivated and 
will be prohibited from conducting transportation.
    (h)(1) Upon receipt and processing of the form described in 
paragraph (a) of this section, FMCSA will issue the motor carrier or 
intermodal equipment provider an identification number (USDOT Number).
    (2) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier seeking to provide 
transportation of property or passengers in interstate commerce between 
Mexico and points in the United States beyond the municipalities and 
commercial zones along the United States-Mexico international border 
must pass the pre-authorization safety audit under Sec.  365.507 of this 
subchapter. The Agency will not issue a USDOT Number until expiration of 
the protest period provided in Sec.  365.115 of this chapter or--if a 
protest is received-after FMCSA denies or rejects the protest.
    (3) The motor carrier must display the USDOT Number on each self-
propelled CMV, as defined in Sec.  390.5, along with the additional 
information required by Sec.  390.21.

[80 FR 63711, Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5316, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  390.19 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  390.19T  Motor carrier, hazardous material safety permit
applicant/holder, and intermodal equipment provider identification 
reports.

    (a) Applicability. Each motor carrier and intermodal equipment 
provider must file Form MCS-150, Form MCS-150B or Form MCS-150C with 
FMCSA as follows:

[[Page 445]]

    (1) A U.S.-, Canada-, Mexico-, or non-North America-domiciled motor 
carrier conducting operations in interstate commerce must file a Motor 
Carrier Identification Report, Form MCS-150.
    (2) A motor carrier conducting operations in intrastate commerce and 
requiring a Safety Permit under 49 CFR part 385, subpart E, must file 
the Combined Motor Carrier Identification Report and HM Permit 
Application, Form MCS-150B.
    (3) Each intermodal equipment provider that offers intermodal 
equipment for transportation in interstate commerce must file an 
Intermodal Equipment Provider Identification Report, Form MCS-150C.
    (b) Filing schedule. Each motor carrier or intermodal equipment 
provider must file the appropriate form under paragraph (a) of this 
section at the following times:
    (1) Before it begins operations; and
    (2) Every 24 months, according to the following schedule:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
           USDOT No. ending in               Must file by last day of
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.......................................  January.
2.......................................  February.
3.......................................  March.
4.......................................  April.
5.......................................  May.
6.......................................  June.
7.......................................  July.
8.......................................  August.
9.......................................  September.
0.......................................  October.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (3) If the next-to-last digit of its USDOT Number is odd, the motor 
carrier or intermodal equipment provider shall file its update in every 
odd-numbered calendar year. If the next-to-last digit of the USDOT 
Number is even, the motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider shall 
file its update in every even-numbered calendar year.
    (4) A person that fails to complete biennial updates to the 
information pursuant to paragraph (b)(2) of this section is subject to 
the penalties prescribed in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B) or 49 U.S.C. 
14901(a), as appropriate, and deactivation of its USDOT Number.
    (c) Availability of forms. The forms described under paragraph (a) 
of this section and complete instructions are available from the FMCSA 
Web site at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov (Keyword ``MCS-150,'' or ``MCS-
150B,'' or ``MCS-150C''); from all FMCSA Service Centers and Division 
offices nationwide; or by calling 1-800-832-5660.
    (d) Where to file. The required form under paragraph (a) of this 
section must be filed with the FMCSA Office of Registration and Safety 
Information. The form may be filed electronically according to the 
instructions at the Agency's Web site, or it may be sent to Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Office of Registration and Safety 
Information (MC-RS), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
    (e) Special instructions for for-hire motor carriers. A for-hire 
motor carrier should submit the Form MCS-150, or Form MCS-150B, along 
with its application for operating authority (Form OP-1, OP-1(MX), OP-
1(NNA) or OP-2), to the appropriate address referenced on that form, or 
may submit it electronically or by mail separately to the address 
mentioned in paragraph (d) of this section.
    (f) Only the legal name or a single trade name of the motor carrier 
or intermodal equipment provider may be used on the forms under 
paragraph (a) of this section (Form MCS-150, MCS-150B, or MCS-150C).
    (g) A motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider that fails to 
file the form required under paragraph (a) of this section, or furnishes 
misleading information or makes false statements upon the form, is 
subject to the penalties prescribed in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B).
    (h)(1) Upon receipt and processing of the form described in 
paragraph (a) of this section, FMCSA will issue the motor carrier or 
intermodal equipment provider an identification number (USDOT Number).
    (2) The following applicants must additionally pass a pre-
authorization safety audit as described below before being issued a 
USDOT Number:
    (i) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier seeking to provide 
transportation of property or passengers in interstate commerce between 
Mexico and points in the United States beyond the municipalities and 
commercial zones

[[Page 446]]

along the United States-Mexico international border must pass the pre-
authorization safety audit under Sec.  365.507T of this subchapter. The 
Agency will not issue a USDOT Number until expiration of the protest 
period provided in Sec.  365.115 of this subchapter or--if a protest is 
received--after FMCSA denies or rejects the protest.
    (ii) A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier seeking to provide 
transportation of property or passengers in interstate commerce within 
the United States must pass the pre-authorization safety audit under 
Sec.  385.607T(c) of this subchapter. The Agency will not issue a USDOT 
Number until expiration of the protest period provided in Sec.  365.115 
of this subchapter or--if a protest is received--after FMCSA denies or 
rejects the protest.
    (3) The motor carrier must display the number on each self-propelled 
CMV, as defined in Sec.  390.5T, along with the additional information 
required by Sec.  390.21T.
    (4) The intermodal equipment provider must identify each unit of 
interchanged intermodal equipment by its assigned USDOT number.
    (i) A motor carrier that registers its vehicles in a State that 
participates in the Performance and Registration Information Systems 
Management (PRISM) program (authorized under section 4004 of the 
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century [Public Law 105-178, 112 
Stat. 107]) is exempt from the requirements of this section, provided it 
files all the required information with the appropriate State office.

[82 FR 5316, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22878, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  390.21  Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.

    (a) General. Every self-propelled CMV subject to subchapter B of 
this chapter must be marked as specified in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) 
of this section, and each unit of intermodal equipment interchanged or 
offered for interchange to a motor carrier by an intermodal equipment 
provider subject to subchapter B of this chapter must be marked as 
specified in paragraph (g) of this section.
    (b) Nature of marking. The marking must display the following 
information:
    (1) The legal name or a single trade name of the motor carrier 
operating the self-propelled CMV, as listed on the Form MCSA-1, the URS 
online application, or the motor carrier identification report (Form 
MCS-150) and submitted in accordance with Sec.  390.201 or Sec.  390.19, 
as appropriate.
    (2) The identification number issued by FMCSA to the motor carrier 
or intermodal equipment provider, preceded by the letters ``USDOT.''
    (3) If the name of any person other than the operating carrier 
appears on the CMV, the name of the operating carrier must be followed 
by the information required by paragraphs (b)(1), and (2) of this 
section, and be preceded by the words ``operated by.''
    (4) Other identifying information may be displayed on the vehicle if 
it is not inconsistent with the information required by this paragraph.
    (c) Size, shape, location, and color of marking. The marking must--
    (1) Appear on both sides of the self-propelled CMV;
    (2) Be in letters that contrast sharply in color with the background 
on which the letters are placed;
    (3) Be readily legible, during daylight hours, from a distance of 50 
feet (15.24 meters) while the CMV is stationary; and
    (4) Be kept and maintained in a manner that retains the legibility 
required by paragraph (c)(3) of this section.
    (d) Construction and durability. The marking may be painted on the 
CMV or may consist of a removable device, if that device meets the 
identification and legibility requirements of paragraph (c) of this 
section, and such marking must be maintained as required by paragraph 
(c)(4) of this section.
    (e) Rented CMVs and leased passenger-carrying CMVs. A motor carrier 
operating a self-propelled CMV under a rental agreement or a passenger-
carrying CMV under a lease, when the rental agreement or lease has a 
term not in excess of 30 calendar days, meets the requirements of this 
section if:

[[Page 447]]

    (1) The CMV is marked in accordance with the provisions of 
paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section; or
    (2) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(2)(v) of this section, the 
CMV is marked as set forth in paragraph (e)(2)(i) through (iv) of this 
section:
    (i) The legal name or a single trade name of the lessor is displayed 
in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section.
    (ii) The lessor's identification number preceded by the letters 
``USDOT'' is displayed in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this 
section; and
    (iii) The rental agreement or lease as applicable entered into by 
the lessor and the renting motor carrier or lessee conspicuously 
contains the following information:
    (A) The name and complete physical address of the principal place of 
business of the renting motor carrier or lessee;
    (B) The identification number issued to the renting motor carrier or 
lessee by FMCSA, preceded by the letters ``USDOT,'' if the motor carrier 
has been issued such a number. In lieu of the identification number 
required in this paragraph, the following information may be shown in a 
rental agreement:
    (1) Whether the motor carrier is engaged in ``interstate'' or 
``intrastate'' commerce; and
    (2) Whether the renting motor carrier is transporting hazardous 
materials in the rented CMV;
    (C) The sentence: ``This lessor cooperates with all Federal, State, 
and local law enforcement officials nationwide to provide the identity 
of customers who operate this rental CMV''; and
    (iv) The rental agreement or lease as applicable entered into by the 
lessor and the renting motor carrier or lessee is carried on the rental 
CMV or leased passenger-carrying CMV during the full term of the rental 
agreement or lease. See the property-carrying leasing regulations at 49 
CFR part 376 and the passenger-carrying leasing regulations at subpart G 
of this part for information that should be included in all leasing 
documents.
    (v) Exception. (A) The passenger-carrying CMV operating under the 
48-hour emergency exception pursuant to Sec.  390.403(a)(2) of this part 
does not need to comply with paragraphs (e)(2)(iii) and (iv) of this 
section, provided the lessor and lessee comply with the requirements of 
Sec.  390.403(a)(2).
    (B) A motor carrier operating a self-propelled CMV under a lease 
subject to subpart G of this part (Sec. Sec.  390.401 and 390.403) must 
begin complying with this paragraph (e) on January 1, 2021.
    (f) Driveaway services. In driveaway services, a removable device 
may be affixed on both sides or at the rear of a single driven vehicle. 
In a combination driveaway operation, the device may be affixed on both 
sides of any one unit or at the rear of the last unit. The removable 
device must display the legal name or a single trade name of the motor 
carrier and the motor carrier's USDOT number.
    (g) Intermodal equipment. (1) The requirements for marking 
intermodal equipment apply to each intermodal equipment provider, as 
defined in Sec.  390.5, that interchanges or offers for interchange 
intermodal equipment to a motor carrier.
    (2) Each unit of intermodal equipment interchanged or offered for 
interchange to a motor carrier by an intermodal equipment provider 
subject to subchapter B of this chapter must identify the intermodal 
equipment provider.
    (3) The intermodal equipment provider must be identified by its 
legal name or a single trade name and the identification number issued 
by FMCSA, preceded by the letters ``USDOT.''
    (4) The intermodal equipment must be identified as follows, using 
any one of the following methods:
    (i) The identification marking must appear on the curb side of the 
item of equipment. It must be in letters that contrast sharply in color 
with the background on which the letters are placed. The letters must be 
readily legible, during daylight hours, from a distance of 50 feet 
(15.24 meters) while the CMV is stationary; and be kept and maintained 
in a manner that retains this legibility; or
    (ii) The identification marking must appear on a label placed upon 
the curb side of the item of equipment. The

[[Page 448]]

label must be readily visible and legible to an inspection official 
during daylight hours when the vehicle is stationary. The label must be 
a color that contrasts sharply with the background on which it is 
placed, and the letters must also contrast sharply in color with the 
background of the label. The label must be kept and maintained in a 
manner that retains this legibility; or
    (iii) The USDOT number of the intermodal equipment provider must 
appear on the interchange agreement so that it is clearly identifiable 
to an inspection official. The interchange agreement must include 
additional information to identify the specific item of intermodal 
equipment (such as the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) and 4-
character Standard Carrier Alpha Code (SCAC) code and 6-digit unique 
identifying number); or
    (iv) The identification marking must be shown on a document placed 
in a weathertight compartment affixed to the frame of the item of 
intermodal equipment. The color of the letters used in the document must 
contrast sharply in color with the background of the document. The 
document must include additional information to identify the specific 
item of intermodal equipment (such as the VIN and 4-character SCAC code 
and 6-digit unique identifying number).
    (v) The USDOT number of the intermodal equipment provider is 
maintained in a database that is available via real-time internet and 
telephonic access. The database must:
    (A) Identify the name and USDOT number of the intermodal equipment 
provider responsible for the intermodal equipment, in response to an 
inquiry that includes:
    (i) SCAC plus trailing digits, or
    (ii) License plate number and State of license, or
    (iii) VIN of the item of intermodal equipment.
    (B) Offer read-only access for inquiries on individual items of 
intermodal equipment, without requiring advance user registration, a 
password, or a usage fee.

[65 FR 35296, June 2, 2000, as amended at 73 FR 76821, Dec. 17, 2008; 74 
FR 68708, Dec. 29, 2009; 77 FR 59827, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 58482, Sept. 
24, 2013; 80 FR 30178, May 27, 2015; 80 FR 63712, Oct. 21, 2015; 84 FR 
40294, Aug. 14, 2019]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5316, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  390.21 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017. At 84 FR 40294, Aug. 14, 2019, the 
suspension was lifted and amendments were made to Sec.  390.21. In that 
same document, Sec.  390.21 was again suspended indefinitely.



Sec.  390.21T  Marking of self-propelled CMVs and intermodal equipment.

    (a) General. Every self-propelled CMV subject to this subchapter 
must be marked as specified in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this 
section, and each unit of intermodal equipment interchanged or offered 
for interchange to a motor carrier by an intermodal equipment provider 
subject to this subchapter must be marked as specified in paragraph (g) 
of this section.
    (b) Nature of marking. The marking must display the following 
information:
    (1) The legal name or a single trade name of the motor carrier 
operating the self-propelled CMV, as listed on the motor carrier 
identification report (Form MCS-150) and submitted in accordance with 
Sec.  390.19T.
    (2) The identification number issued by FMCSA to the motor carrier 
or intermodal equipment provider, preceded by the letters ``USDOT.''
    (3) If the name of any person other than the operating carrier 
appears on the CMV, the name of the operating carrier must be followed 
by the information required by paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this 
section, and be preceded by the words ``operated by.''
    (4) Other identifying information may be displayed on the vehicle if 
it is not inconsistent with the information required by this paragraph 
(b).
    (c) Size, shape, location, and color of marking. The marking must--
    (1) Appear on both sides of the self-propelled CMV;
    (2) Be in letters that contrast sharply in color with the background 
on which the letters are placed;
    (3) Be readily legible, during daylight hours, from a distance of 50 
feet (15.24

[[Page 449]]

meters) while the CMV is stationary; and
    (4) Be kept and maintained in a manner that retains the legibility 
required by paragraph (c)(3) of this section.
    (d) Construction and durability. The marking may be painted on the 
CMV or may consist of a removable device, if that device meets the 
identification and legibility requirements of paragraph (c) of this 
section, and such marking must be maintained as required by paragraph 
(c)(4) of this section.
    (e) Rented CMVs and leased passenger-carrying CMVs. A motor carrier 
operating a self-propelled CMV under a rental agreement or a passenger-
carrying CMV under a lease, when the rental agreement or lease has a 
term not in excess of 30 calendar days, meets the requirements of this 
section if:
    (1) The CMV is marked in accordance with the provisions of 
paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section; or
    (2) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(2)(v) of this section, the 
CMV is marked as set forth in paragraph (e)(2)(i) through (iv) of this 
section:
    (i) The legal name or a single trade name of the lessor is displayed 
in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section.
    (ii) The lessor's identification number preceded by the letters 
``USDOT'' is displayed in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this 
section; and
    (iii) The rental agreement or lease as applicable entered into by 
the lessor and the renting motor carrier or lessee conspicuously 
contains the following information:
    (A) The name and complete physical address of the principal place of 
business of the renting motor carrier or lessee;
    (B) The identification number issued to the renting motor carrier or 
lessee by FMCSA, preceded by the letters ``USDOT,'' if the motor carrier 
has been issued such a number. In lieu of the identification number 
required in this paragraph, the following information may be shown in a 
rental agreement:
    (1) Whether the motor carrier is engaged in ``interstate'' or 
``intrastate'' commerce; and
    (2) Whether the renting motor carrier or lessee is transporting 
hazardous materials in the rented or leased CMV;
    (C) The sentence: ``This lessor cooperates with all Federal, State, 
and local law enforcement officials nationwide to provide the identity 
of customers who operate this rental or leased CMV''; and
    (iv) The rental agreement or lease as applicable entered into by the 
lessor and the renting motor carrier or lessee is carried on the rental 
CMV or leased passenger-carrying CMV during the full term of the rental 
agreement or lease. See the property-carrying leasing regulations at 49 
CFR part 376 and the passenger-carrying leasing regulations at subpart G 
of this part for information that should be included in all leasing 
documents.
    (v) Exception. (A) A passenger-carrying CMV operating under the 48-
hour emergency exception pursuant to Sec.  390.403(a)(2) of this part 
does not need to comply with paragraphs (e)(2)(iii) and (iv) of this 
section, provided the lessor and lessee comply with the requirements of 
Sec.  390.403(a)(2).
    (B) A motor carrier operating a self-propelled CMV under a lease 
subject to subpart G of this part (Sec. Sec.  390.401 and 390.403) must 
begin complying with this paragraph (e) on January 1, 2021.
    (f) Driveaway services. In driveaway services, a removable device 
may be affixed on both sides or at the rear of a single driven vehicle. 
In a combination driveaway operation, the device may be affixed on both 
sides of any one unit or at the rear of the last unit. The removable 
device must display the legal name or a single trade name of the motor 
carrier and the motor carrier's USDOT number.
    (g) Intermodal equipment. (1) The requirements for marking 
intermodal equipment apply to each intermodal equipment provider, as 
defined in Sec.  390.5T, that interchanges or offers for interchange 
intermodal equipment to a motor carrier.
    (2) Each unit of intermodal equipment interchanged or offered for 
interchange to a motor carrier by an intermodal equipment provider 
subject to this subchapter must identify the intermodal equipment 
provider.

[[Page 450]]

    (3) The intermodal equipment provider must be identified by its 
legal name or a single trade name and the identification number issued 
by FMCSA, preceded by the letters ``USDOT.''
    (4) The intermodal equipment must be identified as follows, using 
any one of the following methods:
    (i) The identification marking must appear on the curb side of the 
item of equipment. It must be in letters that contrast sharply in color 
with the background on which the letters are placed. The letters must be 
readily legible, during daylight hours, from a distance of 50 feet 
(15.24 meters) while the CMV is stationary; and be kept and maintained 
in a manner that retains this legibility; or
    (ii) The identification marking must appear on a label placed upon 
the curb side of the item of equipment. The label must be readily 
visible and legible to an inspection official during daylight hours when 
the vehicle is stationary. The label must be a color that contrasts 
sharply with the background on which it is placed, and the letters must 
also contrast sharply in color with the background of the label. The 
label must be kept and maintained in a manner that retains this 
legibility; or
    (iii) The USDOT number of the intermodal equipment provider must 
appear on the interchange agreement so that it is clearly identifiable 
to an inspection official. The interchange agreement must include 
additional information to identify the specific item of intermodal 
equipment (such as the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) and 4-
character Standard Carrier Alpha Code (SCAC) code and 6-digit unique 
identifying number); or
    (iv) The identification marking must be shown on a document placed 
in a weathertight compartment affixed to the frame of the item of 
intermodal equipment. The color of the letters used in the document must 
contrast sharply in color with the background of the document. The 
document must include additional information to identify the specific 
item of intermodal equipment (such as the VIN and 4-character SCAC code 
and 6-digit unique identifying number).
    (v) The USDOT number of the intermodal equipment provider is 
maintained in a database that is available via real-time internet and 
telephonic access. The database must:
    (A) Identify the name and USDOT number of the intermodal equipment 
provider responsible for the intermodal equipment, in response to an 
inquiry that includes:
    (i) SCAC plus trailing digits; or
    (ii) License plate number and State of license; or
    (iii) VIN of the item of intermodal equipment.
    (B) Offer read-only access for inquiries on individual items of 
intermodal equipment, without requiring advance user registration, a 
password, or a usage fee.

[82 FR 5316, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 84 FR 40294, Aug. 14, 2019]



Sec.  390.23  Relief from regulations.

    (a) Parts 390 through 399 of this chapter shall not apply to any 
motor carrier or driver operating a commercial motor vehicle to provide 
emergency relief during an emergency, subject to the following time 
limits:
    (1) Regional emergencies. (i) The exemption provided by paragraph 
(a)(1) of this section is effective only when:
    (A) An emergency has been declared by the President of the United 
States, the Governor of a State, or their authorized representatives 
having authority to declare emergencies; or
    (B) FMCSA has declared that a regional emergency exists which 
justifies an exemption from parts 390 through 399 of this chapter.
    (ii)(A) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this 
section and Sec.  390.25, the exemption shall not exceed the duration of 
the motor carrier's or driver's direct assistance in providing emergency 
relief, or 30 days from the date of the initial declaration of the 
emergency or the exemption from the regulations by FMCSA, whichever is 
less.
    (B) If a Governor who declares an emergency caused by a shortage of 
residential heating fuel (namely heating oil, natural gas, and propane), 
subsequently determines at the end of the 30-day period immediately 
following the declaration that the emergency

[[Page 451]]

shortage has not ended, and extends the declaration of an emergency for 
up to 2 additional 30-day periods, this exemption shall remain in effect 
up to the end of such additional periods, not to exceed 60 additional 
days, for a motor carrier or driver providing residential heating fuel 
in the geographic area designated by the Governor's declaration of 
emergency.
    (2) Local emergencies. (i) The exemption provided by paragraph 
(a)(2) of this section is effective only when:
    (A) An emergency has been declared by a Federal, State or local 
government official having authority to declare an emergency; or
    (B) FMCSA has declared that a local emergency exists which justifies 
an exemption from parts 390 through 399 of this chapter.
    (ii) This exemption shall not exceed the duration of the motor 
carrier's or driver's direct assistance in providing emergency relief, 
or 5 days from the date of the initial declaration of the emergency or 
the exemption from the regulations by FMCSA, whichever is less.
    (3) Tow trucks responding to emergencies. (i) The exemption provided 
by paragraph (a)(3) of this section is effective only when a request has 
been made by a Federal, State or local police officer for tow trucks to 
move wrecked or disabled motor vehicles.
    (ii) This exemption shall not exceed the length of the motor 
carrier's or driver's direct assistance in providing emergency relief, 
or 24 hours from the time of the initial request for assistance by the 
Federal, State or local police officer, whichever is less.
    (b) Upon termination of direct assistance to the regional or local 
emergency relief effort, the motor carrier or driver is subject to the 
requirements of parts 390 through 399 of this chapter, with the 
following exception: A driver may return empty to the motor carrier's 
terminal or the driver's normal work reporting location without 
complying with parts 390 through 399 of this chapter. However, a driver 
who informs the motor carrier that he or she needs immediate rest must 
be permitted at least 10 consecutive hours off duty before the driver is 
required to return to such terminal or location. Having returned to the 
terminal or other location, the driver must be relieved of all duty and 
responsibilities. Direct assistance terminates when a driver or 
commercial motor vehicle is used in interstate commerce to transport 
cargo not destined for the emergency relief effort, or when the motor 
carrier dispatches such driver or commercial motor vehicle to another 
location to begin operations in commerce.
    (c) When the driver has been relieved of all duty and 
responsibilities upon termination of direct assistance to a regional or 
local emergency relief effort, no motor carrier shall permit or require 
any driver used by it to drive nor shall any such driver drive in 
commerce until the driver has met the requirements of Sec. Sec.  
395.3(a) and (c) and 395.5(a) of this chapter.

[57 FR 33647, July 30, 1992, as amended at 60 FR 38744, July 28, 1995; 
68 FR 22514, Apr. 28, 2003; 70 FR 50070, Aug. 25, 2005; 76 FR 81186, 
Dec. 27, 2011; 79 FR 63059, Oct. 22, 2014; 86 FR 57073, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  390.25  Extension of relief from regulations--emergencies.

     FMCSA may extend the 30-day time period of the exemption contained 
in Sec.  390.23(a)(1), but not the 5-day time period contained in Sec.  
390.23(a)(2) or the 24-hour period contained in Sec.  390.23(a)(3). Any 
motor carrier or driver seeking to extend the 30-day limit shall obtain 
approval from FMCSA in the region in which the motor carrier's principal 
place of business is located before the expiration of the 30-day period. 
The motor carrier or driver shall give full details of the additional 
relief requested. FMCSA shall determine if such relief is necessary 
taking into account both the severity of the ongoing emergency and the 
nature of the relief services to be provided by the carrier or driver. 
If FMCSA approves an extension of the exemption, he or she shall 
establish a new time limit and place on the motor carrier or driver any 
other restrictions deemed necessary.

[57 FR 33647, July 30, 1992, as amended at 86 FR 57073, Oct. 14, 2021]

[[Page 452]]



Sec.  390.27  Locations of motor carrier safety service centers.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Service center           Territory included     Location of office
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Eastern...................  Connecticut, Delaware,    31 Hopkins Plaza,
                             District of Columbia,     Suite 800,
                             Maine, Maryland,          Baltimore,
                             Massachusetts, New        Maryland 21201.
                             Hampshire, New Jersey,
                             New York, Pennsylvania,
                             Puerto Rico, Rhode
                             Island, United States
                             Virgin Islands,
                             Vermont, Virginia, West
                             Virginia.
Midwestern................  Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,  4749 Lincoln Mall
                             Kansas, Michigan,         Drive, Suite
                             Minnesota, Missouri,      300A, Matteson,
                             Nebraska, Ohio,           Illinois 60443.
                             Wisconsin.
Southern..................  Alabama, Arkansas,        1800 Century
                             Florida, Georgia,         Boulevard, Suite
                             Kentucky, Louisiana,      1700, Atlanta,
                             Mississippi, North        Georgia 30345-
                             Carolina, Oklahoma,       3220.
                             South Carolina,
                             Tennessee.
Western...................  Alaska, American Samoa,   12600 West Colfax
                             Arizona, California,      Avenue, Suite B-
                             Colorado, Guam, Hawaii,   300, Lakewood,
                             Idaho, Mariana Islands,   Colorado 80215.
                             Montana, Nevada, New
                             Mexico, North Dakota,
                             Oregon, South Dakota,
                             Texas, Utah,
                             Washington, Wyoming.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note 1: Canadian carriers--for information regarding proper service
  center, contact an FMCSA division (State) office in Alaska, Maine,
  Michigan, Montana, New York, North Dakota, Vermont, or Washington.
Note 2: Mexican carriers are handled through the four southern border
  divisions and the Western Service Center. For information regarding
  the proper service center, contact an FMCSA division (State) office in
  Arizona, California, New Mexico, or Texas.


[83 FR 22878, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  390.29  Location of records or documents.

    (a) A motor carrier with multiple offices or terminals may maintain 
the records and documents required by this subchapter at its principal 
place of business, a regional office, or driver work-reporting location 
unless otherwise specified in this subchapter.
    (b) All records and documents required by this subchapter which are 
maintained at a regional office or driver work-reporting location shall 
be made available for inspection upon request by a special agent or 
authorized representative of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration at the motor carrier's principal place of business or 
other location specified by the agent or representative within 48 hours 
after a request is made. Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal holidays are 
excluded from the computation of the 48-hour period of time.

[63 FR 33276, June 18, 1998]



Sec.  390.31  Copies of records and documents.

    All records and documents required to be maintained under this 
subchapter must be maintained for the periods specified. Except as 
otherwise provided, copies that are legible and accurately reflect the 
information required to be contained in the record or document may be 
maintained in lieu of originals.

[83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  390.32  Electronic documents and signatures.

    (a) Applicability. This section applies to documents that entities 
or individuals are required to retain, regardless of whether FMCSA 
subsequently requires them to be produced or displayed to FMCSA staff or 
other parties entitled to access. This section does not apply to 
documents that must be submitted directly to FMCSA.
    (b) Electronic records or documents. Any person or entity required 
to generate, maintain, or exchange documents to satisfy requirements in 
chapter III of subtitle B of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (49 
CFR 300-399) may use electronic methods to satisfy those requirements.
    (c) Electronic signatures. (1) Any person or entity required to sign 
or certify a document to satisfy the requirements of chapter III of 
subtitle B of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR parts 300-
399) may use an electronic signature, as defined in Sec.  390.5T of this 
part.
    (2) An electronic signature may be made using any available 
technology that otherwise satisfies FMCSA's requirements.

[[Page 453]]

    (d) Requirements. Any person or entity may use documents signed, 
certified, generated, maintained, or exchanged using electronic methods 
if the documents accurately reflect the information otherwise required 
to be contained in them. Records, documents or signatures generated, 
maintained, or exchanged using electronic methods do not satisfy the 
requirements of this section if they are not capable of being retained, 
are not used for the purpose for which they were created, or cannot be 
accurately reproduced within required timeframes for reference by any 
party entitled to access. Records or documents generated electronically 
do not satisfy the requirements of this section if they do not include 
proof of consent to use electronically generated records or documents, 
as required by 15 U.S.C. 7001(c).

[83 FR 16226, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  390.33  Commercial motor vehicles used for purposes other 
than defined.

    Whenever a commercial motor vehicle of one type is used to perform 
the functions normally performed by a commercial motor vehicle of 
another type, the requirements of this subchapter and part 325 of 
subchapter A shall apply to the commercial motor vehicle and to its 
operation in the same manner as though the commercial motor vehicle were 
actually a commercial motor vehicle of the latter type. Example: If a 
commercial motor vehicle other than a bus is used to perform the 
functions normally performed by a bus, the regulations pertaining to 
buses and to the transportation of passengers shall apply to that 
commercial motor vehicle.

[53 FR 18052, May 19, 1988, as amended at 60 FR 38744, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  390.35  Certificates, reports, and records: Falsification,
reproduction, or alteration.

    No motor carrier, its agents, officers, representatives, or 
employees shall make or cause to make--
    (a) A fraudulent or intentionally false statement on any 
application, certificate, report, or record required by part 325 of 
subchapter A or this subchapter;
    (b) A fraudulent or intentionally false entry on any application, 
certificate, report, or record required to be used, completed, or 
retained, to comply with any requirement of this subchapter or part 325 
of subchapter A; or
    (c) A reproduction, for fraudulent purposes, of any application, 
certificate, report, or record required by this subchapter or part 325 
of subchapter A.



Sec.  390.36  Harassment of drivers prohibited.

    (a) Harass or harassment defined. As used in this section, harass or 
harassment means an action by a motor carrier toward a driver employed 
by the motor carrier (including an independent contractor while in the 
course of operating a commercial motor vehicle on behalf of the motor 
carrier) involving the use of information available to the motor carrier 
through an ELD, as defined in Sec.  395.2 of this chapter, or through 
other technology used in combination with and not separable from the 
ELD, that the motor carrier knew, or should have known, would result in 
the driver violating Sec.  392.3 or part 395 of this subchapter.
    (b) Prohibition against harassment. (1) No motor carrier may harass 
a driver.
    (2) Nothing in paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall be construed 
to prevent a motor carrier from using technology allowed under this 
subchapter to monitor productivity of a driver provided that such 
monitoring does not result in harassment.
    (c) Complaint process. A driver who believes he or she was the 
subject of harassment by a motor carrier may file a written complaint 
under Sec.  386.12(b) of this subchapter.

[80 FR 78383, Dec. 16, 2015]



Sec.  390.37  Violation and penalty.

    Any person who violates the rules set forth in this subchapter or 
part 325 of subchapter A may be subject to civil or criminal penalties.



Sec.  390.38  Exemptions for pipeline welding trucks.

    (a) Federal requirements. A pipeline welding truck, as defined in 
paragraph (b) of this section, including the individuals operating such 
vehicle and the

[[Page 454]]

employer of such individual, is exempt from the following:
    (1) Any requirement relating to registration as a motor carrier, 
including the requirement to obtain and display a Department of 
Transportation number, in 49 CFR part 365 or 390.
    (2) Any requirement relating to driver qualifications in 49 CFR part 
391.
    (3) Any requirement relating to driving of commercial motor vehicles 
in 49 CFR part 392.
    (4) Any requirement relating to parts and accessories and 
inspection, repair, and maintenance of commercial motor vehicles in 49 
CFR parts 393 and 396.
    (5) Any requirement relating to hours of service of drivers, 
including maximum driving and on duty time, found in 49 CFR part 395.
    (b) Definition. ``Pipeline welding truck'' means a motor vehicle 
that is travelling in the State in which the vehicle is registered or 
another State, is owned by a welder, is a pick-up style truck, is 
equipped with a welding rig that is used in the construction or 
maintenance of pipelines, and has a gross vehicle weight and combination 
weight rating and weight of 15,000 pounds or less.

[81 FR 47720, July 22, 2016]



Sec.  390.39  Exemptions for ``covered farm vehicles.''

    (a) Federal requirements. A covered farm vehicle, as defined in 
Sec.  390.5, including the individual operating that vehicle, is exempt 
from the following:
    (1) Any requirement relating to commercial driver's licenses in 49 
CFR Part 383 or controlled substances and alcohol use and testing in 49 
CFR Part 382;
    (2) Any requirement in 49 CFR Part 391, Subpart E, Physical 
Qualifications and Examinations.
    (3) Any requirement in 49 CFR Part 395, Hours of Service of Drivers.
    (4) Any requirement in 49 CFR Part 396, Inspection, Repair, and 
Maintenance.
    (b) State requirements--(1) In general. Federal transportation 
funding to a State may not be terminated, limited, or otherwise 
interfered with as a result of the State exempting a covered farm 
vehicle, including the individual operating that vehicle, from--
    (i) A requirement described in paragraph (a) of this section; or
    (ii) Any other minimum standard provided by a State relating to the 
operation of that vehicle.
    (2) Exception. Paragraph (b)(1) of this section does not apply with 
respect to a covered farm vehicle transporting hazardous materials that 
require a placard.
    (c) Other exemptions and exceptions. The exemptions in paragraphs 
(a) and (b) of this section are in addition to, not in place of, the 
agricultural exemptions and exceptions in Sec. Sec.  383.3(d)(1), 
383.3(e), 383.3(f), 391.2(a), 391.2(b), 391.2(c), 391.67, 395.1(e)(1), 
395.1(e)(2), 395.1(h), 395.1(i), and 395.1(k) of this chapter. Motor 
carriers and drivers may utilize any combination of these exemptions and 
exceptions, providing they comply fully with each separate exemption and 
exception.

[78 FR 16194, Mar. 14, 2013, as amended at 81 FR 47720, July 22, 2016]



    Subpart C_Requirements and Information for Intermodal Equipment 
     Providers and for Motor Carriers Operating Intermodal Equipment

    Source: 73 FR 76822, Dec. 17, 2008, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  390.40  What responsibilities do intermodal equipment providers 
have under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 
(49 CFR parts 350-399)?

    An intermodal equipment provider must--
    (a) Identify its operations to the FMCSA by filing the Form MCSA-1 
required by Sec.  390.201.
    (b) Mark its intermodal equipment with the USDOT number as required 
by Sec.  390.21 before tendering the equipment to a motor carrier.
    (c) Systematically inspect, repair, and maintain, or cause to be 
systematically inspected, repaired, and maintained, in a manner 
consistent with Sec.  396.3(a)(1), as applicable, all intermodal 
equipment intended for interchange with a motor carrier.

[[Page 455]]

    (d) Provide intermodal equipment intended for interchange that is in 
safe and proper operating condition.
    (e) Maintain a system of driver vehicle inspection reports submitted 
to the intermodal equipment provider as required by Sec.  396.11 of this 
chapter.
    (f) Maintain a system of inspection, repair, and maintenance records 
as required by Sec.  396.3(b)(3) of this chapter for equipment intended 
for interchange with a motor carrier.
    (g) Periodically inspect equipment intended for interchange, as 
required under Sec.  396.17 of this chapter.
    (h) At facilities at which the intermodal equipment provider makes 
intermodal equipment available for interchange, have procedures in 
place, and provide sufficient space, for drivers to perform a pre-trip 
inspection of tendered intermodal equipment.
    (i) At facilities at which the intermodal equipment provider makes 
intermodal equipment available for interchange, develop and implement 
procedures to repair any equipment damage, defects, or deficiencies 
identified as part of a pre-trip inspection, or replace the equipment, 
prior to the driver's departure. The repairs or replacement must be made 
after being notified by a driver of such damage, defects, or 
deficiencies.
    (j) Refrain from placing intermodal equipment in service on the 
public highways if that equipment has been found to pose an imminent 
hazard, as defined in Sec.  386.72(b)(3) of this chapter.

[73 FR 76822, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 74 FR 68708, Dec. 29, 2009; 
78 FR 58483, Sept. 24, 2013; 79 FR 59457, Oct. 2, 2014; 80 FR 63712, 
Oct. 21, 2015]

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5318, Jan. 17, 2017, Sec.  390.40 was 
suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  390.40T  What responsibilities do intermodal equipment providers
have under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 
(49 CFR parts 350 through 399)?

    An intermodal equipment provider must--
    (a) Identify its operations to the FMCSA by filing the Form MCS-150C 
required by Sec.  390.19T.
    (b) Mark its intermodal equipment with the USDOT number as required 
by Sec.  390.21T before tendering the equipment to a motor carrier.
    (c) Systematically inspect, repair, and maintain, or cause to be 
systematically inspected, repaired, and maintained, in a manner 
consistent with Sec.  396.3(a)(1) of this chapter, as applicable, all 
intermodal equipment intended for interchange with a motor carrier.
    (d) Provide intermodal equipment intended for interchange that is in 
safe and proper operating condition.
    (e) Maintain a system of driver vehicle inspection reports submitted 
to the intermodal equipment provider as required by Sec.  396.11 of this 
chapter.
    (f) Maintain a system of inspection, repair, and maintenance records 
as required by Sec.  396.3(b)(3) of this chapter for equipment intended 
for interchange with a motor carrier.
    (g) Periodically inspect equipment intended for interchange, as 
required under Sec.  396.17 of this chapter.
    (h) At facilities at which the intermodal equipment provider makes 
intermodal equipment available for interchange, have procedures in 
place, and provide sufficient space, for drivers to perform a pre-trip 
inspection of tendered intermodal equipment.
    (i) At facilities at which the intermodal equipment provider makes 
intermodal equipment available for interchange, develop and implement 
procedures to repair any equipment damage, defects, or deficiencies 
identified as part of a pre-trip inspection, or replace the equipment, 
prior to the driver's departure. The repairs or replacement must be made 
after being notified by a driver of such damage, defects, or 
deficiencies.
    (j) Refrain from placing intermodal equipment in service on the 
public highways if that equipment has been found to pose an imminent 
hazard, as defined in Sec.  386.72(b)(3) of this chapter.

[82 FR 5318, Jan. 17, 2017]



Sec.  390.42  What are the responsibilities of drivers and motor carriers
operating intermodal equipment?

    (a) Before operating intermodal equipment over the road, the driver 
accepting the equipment must inspect the equipment components listed in 
Sec.  392.7(b) of this subchapter and be satisfied they are in good 
working order.

[[Page 456]]

    (b) A driver or motor carrier transporting intermodal equipment must 
report to the intermodal equipment provider, or its designated agent, 
any known damage, defects, or deficiencies in the intermodal equipment 
at the time the equipment is returned to the provider or the provider's 
designated agent. The report must include, at a minimum, the items in 
Sec.  396.11(b)(1) of this chapter.

[73 FR 76822, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 77 FR 34852, June 12, 2012; 
77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012; 80 FR 59074, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  390.44  What are the procedures to correct the safety record of
a motor carrier or an intermodal equipment provider?

    (a) An intermodal equipment provider or its agent may electronically 
file questions or concerns at http://dataqs.fmcsa.dot.gov about Federal 
and State data that reference the provider. This includes safety 
violations alleging that the components, parts, or accessories of 
intermodal chassis or trailers listed in Sec.  392.7(b) of this chapter 
were not in good working order when inspected at roadside. An intermodal 
equipment provider should not be held responsible for such violations 
because a motor carrier indicated pursuant to Sec.  392.7(b) that these 
components, parts, or accessories had no safety defects at the time of 
the pre-trip inspection.
    (b) A motor carrier or its agent may electronically file questions 
or concerns at http://dataqs.fmcsa.dot.gov about Federal and State data 
that reference the motor carrier. This includes safety violations 
alleging that any components, parts, or accessories of intermodal 
chassis or trailers, except those listed in Sec.  392.7(b) of this 
chapter, were not in good working order when inspected at roadside. Such 
violations will not be used by FMCSA in making a safety fitness 
determination of a motor carrier (unless there is evidence that the 
driver or motor carrier caused or substantially contributed to the 
violations) because the driver could not readily detect these violations 
during a pre-trip inspection performed in accordance with Sec.  
392.7(b).
    (c) An intermodal equipment provider, or its agent, may request 
FMCSA to investigate a motor carrier believed to be in noncompliance 
with responsibilities under 49 U.S.C. 31151 or the implementing 
regulations in this subchapter regarding interchange of intermodal 
equipment by contacting the appropriate FMCSA Field Office.
    (d) A motor carrier or its agent may request FMCSA to investigate an 
intermodal equipment provider believed to be in noncompliance with 
responsibilities under 49 U.S.C. 31151 or the implementing regulations 
in this subchapter regarding interchange of intermodal equipment by 
contacting the appropriate FMCSA Field Office.



Sec.  390.46  Are State and local laws and regulations on the inspection,
repair, and maintenance of intermodal equipment preempted by the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations?

    (a) General. As provided by 49 U.S.C. 31151(d), a law, regulation, 
order, or other requirement of a State, a political subdivision of a 
State, or a tribal organization relating to the inspection, repair, and 
maintenance of intermodal equipment is preempted if such law, 
regulation, order, or other requirement exceeds or is inconsistent with 
a requirement imposed by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations.
    (b) Pre-existing State requirements--(1) In general. Pursuant to 49 
U.S.C. 31151(e)(1), unless otherwise provided in paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section, a State requirement for the periodic inspection of 
intermodal chassis by intermodal equipment providers that was in effect 
on January 1, 2005, shall remain in effect only until June 17, 2009.
    (2) Nonpreemption determinations--(i) In general. Pursuant to 49 
U.S.C. 31151(e)(2), and notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this section, a 
State requirement described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section is not 
preempted if the Administrator determines that the State requirement is 
as effective as the FMCSA final rule and does not unduly burden 
interstate commerce.
    (ii) Application required. Paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section 
applies to a State requirement only if the State applies to the 
Administrator for a determination with respect to the requirement before 
the effective date of the final rule (June 17, 2009). The Administrator 
will make a determination with

[[Page 457]]

respect to any such application within 6 months after the date on which 
the Administrator receives the application.
    (iii) Amended State requirements. If a State amends a regulation for 
which it previously received a nonpreemption determination from the 
Administrator under paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section, it must apply 
for a determination of nonpreemption for the amended regulation. Any 
amendment to a State requirement not preempted under this subsection 
because of a determination by the Administrator may not take effect 
unless it is submitted to the Agency before the effective date of the 
amendment, and the Administrator determines that the amendment would not 
cause the State requirement to be less effective than the FMCSA final 
rule on ``Requirements for Intermodal Equipment Providers and Motor 
Carriers and Drivers Operating Intermodal Equipment'' and would not 
unduly burden interstate commerce.



       Subpart D_National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners

    Source: 77 FR 24127, Apr. 20, 2012, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  390.101  Scope.

    (a) The rules in this subpart establish the minimum qualifications 
for FMCSA certification of a medical examiner and for listing the 
examiner on FMCSA's National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners. 
The National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners is designed to 
improve highway safety and operator health by requiring that medical 
examiners be trained and certified to determine effectively whether an 
operator meets FMCSA physical qualification standards under part 391 of 
this chapter. One component of the National Registry is the registry 
itself, which is a national database of names and contact information 
for medical examiners who are certified by FMCSA to perform medical 
examinations of operators.
    (b) A qualified VA examiner, as defined in either Sec.  390.5 or 
Sec.  390.5T, may be listed on the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners by satisfying the requirements for medical examiner 
certification set forth in either Sec.  390.103 or Sec.  390.123.

[83 FR 26860, June 11, 2018]

               Medical Examiner Certification Requirements



Sec.  390.103  Eligibility requirements for medical examiner
certification.

    (a) To receive medical examiner certification from FMCSA, a person 
must:
    (1) Be licensed, certified, or registered in accordance with 
applicable State laws and regulations to perform physical examinations. 
The applicant must be an advanced practice nurse, doctor of 
chiropractic, doctor of medicine, doctor of osteopathy, physician 
assistant, or other medical professional authorized by applicable State 
laws and regulations to perform physical examinations.
    (2) Register on the National Registry website and receive a National 
Registry number before taking the training that meets the requirements 
of Sec.  390.105.
    (3) Complete a training program that meets the requirements of Sec.  
390.105.
    (4) Pass the medical examiner certification test provided by FMCSA 
and administered by a testing organization that meets the requirements 
of Sec.  390.107 and that has electronically forwarded to FMCSA the 
applicant's completed test information no more than 3 years after 
completion of the training program required by paragraph (a)(3) of this 
section.
    (b) If a person has medical examiner certification from FMCSA, then 
to renew such certification the medical examiner must remain qualified 
under paragraph (a)(1) of this section and complete additional testing 
and training as required by Sec.  390.111(a)(5).

[77 FR 24127, Apr. 20, 2012, as amended at 83 FR 26860, June 11, 2018]



Sec.  390.105  Medical examiner training programs.

    An applicant for medical examiner certification must complete a 
training program that:
    (a) Is conducted by a training provider that:
    (1) Is accredited by a nationally recognized medical profession 
accrediting

[[Page 458]]

organization to provide continuing education units; and
    (2) Meets the following administrative requirements:
    (i) Provides training participants with proof of participation.
    (ii) Provides FMCSA point of contact information to training 
participants.
    (b) Provides training to medical examiners on the following topics:
    (1) Background, rationale, mission, and goals of the FMCSA medical 
examiner's role in reducing crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving 
commercial motor vehicles.
    (2) Familiarization with the responsibilities and work environment 
of commercial motor vehicle operation.
    (3) Identification of the operator and obtaining, reviewing, and 
documenting operator medical history, including prescription and over-
the-counter medications.
    (4) Performing, reviewing, and documenting the operator's medical 
examination.
    (5) Performing, obtaining, and documenting additional diagnostic 
tests or medical opinion from a medical specialist or treating 
physician.
    (6) Informing and educating the operator about medications and non-
disqualifying medical conditions that require remedial care.
    (7) Determining operator certification outcome and period for which 
certification should be valid.
    (8) FMCSA reporting and documentation requirements.
    Guidance on the core curriculum specifications for use by training 
providers is available from FMCSA.



Sec.  390.107  Medical examiner certification testing.

    An applicant for medical examiner certification or recertification 
must apply, in accordance with the minimum specifications for 
application elements established by FMCSA, to a testing organization 
that meets the following criteria:
    (a) The testing organization has documented policies and procedures 
that:
    (1) Use secure protocols to access, process, store, and transmit all 
test items, test forms, test data, and candidate information and ensure 
access by authorized personnel only.
    (2) Ensure testing environments are reasonably comfortable and have 
minimal distractions.
    (3) Prevent to the greatest extent practicable the opportunity for a 
test taker to attain a passing score by fraudulent means.
    (4) Ensure that test center staff who interact with and proctor 
examinees or provide technical support have completed formal training, 
demonstrate competency, and are monitored periodically for quality 
assurance in testing procedures.
    (5) Accommodate testing of individuals with disabilities or 
impairments to minimize the effect of the disabilities or impairments 
while maintaining the security of the test and data.
    (b) Testing organizations that offer testing of examinees not at 
locations that are operated and staffed by the organizations but by 
means of remote, computer-based systems must, in addition to the 
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, ensure that such systems:
    (1) Provide a means to authenticate the identity of the person 
taking the test.
    (2) Provide a means for the testing organization to monitor the 
activity of the person taking the test.
    (3) Do not allow the person taking the test to reproduce or record 
the contents of the test by any means.
    (c) The testing organization has submitted its documented policies 
and procedures as defined in paragraph (a) of this section and, if 
applicable, paragraph (b) of this section to FMCSA and agreed to future 
reviews by FMCSA to ensure compliance with the criteria listed in this 
section.
    (d) The testing organization administers only the currently 
authorized version of the medical examiner certification test developed 
and furnished by FMCSA.

[77 FR 24127, Apr. 20, 2012, as amended at 78 FR 58483, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  390.109  Issuance of the FMCSA medical examiner certification
credential.

    Upon compliance with the requirements of Sec.  390.103(a) or (b), 
FMCSA will issue to a medical examiner applicant

[[Page 459]]

an FMCSA medical examiner certification credential and will add the 
medical examiner's name to the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners. The certification credential will expire 10 years after the 
date of its issuance.

[77 FR 24127, Apr. 20, 2012, as amended at 83 FR 26860, June 11, 2018]



Sec.  390.111  Requirements for continued listing on the National
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.

    (a) To continue to be listed on the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners, each medical examiner must:
    (1) Continue to meet the requirements of Sec. Sec.  390.103 through 
390.115 and the applicable requirements of part 391 of this chapter.
    (2) Report to FMCSA any changes in the registration information 
submitted under Sec.  390.103(a)(2) within 30 days of the change.
    (3) Continue to be licensed, certified, or registered, and 
authorized to perform physical examinations, in accordance with the 
applicable laws and regulations of each State in which the medical 
examiner performs examinations.
    (4) Maintain documentation of State licensure, registration, or 
certification to perform physical examinations for each State in which 
the examiner performs examinations and maintain documentation of and 
completion of all training required by this section and Sec.  390.105. 
The medical examiner must make this documentation available to an 
authorized representative of FMCSA or an authorized representative of 
Federal, State, or local government. The medical examiner must provide 
this documentation within 48 hours of the request for investigations and 
within 10 days of the request for regular audits of eligibility.
    (5) Maintain medical examiner certification by completing training 
and testing according to the following schedule:
    (i) No sooner than 4 years and no later than 5 years after the date 
of issuance of the medical examiner certification credential, complete 
periodic training as specified by FMCSA.
    (ii) No sooner than 9 years and no later than 10 years after the 
date of issuance of the medical examiner certification credential:
    (A) Complete periodic training as specified by FMCSA; and
    (B) Pass the test required by Sec.  390.103(a)(4).
    (b) FMCSA will issue a new medical examiner certification credential 
valid for 10 years to a medical examiner who complies with paragraphs 
(a)(1) through (4) of this section and who successfully completes the 
training and testing as required by paragraphs (a)(5)(i) and (ii) of 
this section.

[77 FR 24127, Apr. 20, 2012, as amended at 83 FR 26860, June 11, 2018]



Sec.  390.113  Reasons for removal from the National Registry of
Certified Medical Examiners.

    FMCSA may remove a medical examiner from the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners when a medical examiner fails to meet or 
maintain the qualifications established by Sec. Sec.  390.103 through 
390.115, the requirements of other regulations applicable to the medical 
examiner, or otherwise does not meet the requirements of 49 U.S.C. 
31149. The reasons for removal may include, but are not limited to:
    (a) The medical examiner fails to comply with the requirements for 
continued listing on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners, as described in Sec.  390.111.
    (b) FMCSA finds that there are errors, omissions, or other 
indications of improper certification by the medical examiner of an 
operator in either the completed Medical Examination Reports or the 
medical examiner's certificates.
    (c) The FMCSA determines the medical examiner issued a medical 
examiner's certificate to an operator of a commercial motor vehicle who 
failed to meet the applicable standards at the time of the examination.
    (d) The medical examiner fails to comply with the examination 
requirements in Sec.  391.43 of this chapter.
    (e) The medical examiner falsely claims to have completed training 
in physical and medical examination standards as required by Sec. Sec.  
390.103 through 390.115.

[77 FR 24127, Apr. 20, 2012, as amended at 83 FR 26860, June 11, 2018]

[[Page 460]]



Sec.  390.115  Procedure for removal from the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners.

    (a) Voluntary removal. To be voluntarily removed from the National 
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, a medical examiner must submit 
a request to FMCSA, ATTN: Removal from National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, Washington, DC 20590. On and 
after the date of issuance of a notice of proposed removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, as described in 
paragraph (b) of this section, however, FMCSA will not approve the 
medical examiner's request for voluntary removal from the National 
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
    (b) Notice of proposed removal. Except as provided by paragraphs (a) 
and (e) of this section, FMCSA initiates the process for removal of a 
medical examiner from the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners by issuing a written notice of proposed removal to the medical 
examiner, stating the reasons that removal is proposed under Sec.  
390.113 and any corrective actions necessary for the medical examiner to 
remain listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
    (c) Response to notice of proposed removal and corrective action. A 
medical examiner who has received a notice of proposed removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners must submit any written 
response to FMCSA no later than 30 days after the date of issuance of 
the notice of proposed removal. The response must indicate either that 
the medical examiner believes FMCSA has relied on erroneous reasons, in 
whole or in part, in proposing removal from the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners, as described in paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section, or that the medical examiner will comply and take any 
corrective action specified in the notice of proposed removal, as 
described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (1) Opposing a notice of proposed removal. If the medical examiner 
believes FMCSA has relied on an erroneous reason, in whole or in part, 
in proposing removal from the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners, the medical examiner must explain the basis for his or her 
belief that FMCSA relied on an erroneous reason in proposing the 
removal. FMCSA will review the explanation.
    (i) If FMCSA finds it has wholly relied on an erroneous reason for 
proposing removal from the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners, FMCSA will withdraw the notice of proposed removal and notify 
the medical examiner in writing of the determination. If FMCSA finds it 
has partly relied on an erroneous reason for proposing removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, FMCSA will modify the 
notice of proposed removal and notify the medical examiner in writing of 
the determination. No later than 60 days after the date FMCSA modifies a 
notice of proposed removal, the medical examiner must comply with 
Sec. Sec.  390.103 through 390.115 and correct any deficiencies 
identified in the modified notice of proposed removal as described in 
paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (ii) If FMCSA finds it has not relied on an erroneous reason in 
proposing removal, FMCSA will affirm the notice of proposed removal and 
notify the medical examiner in writing of the determination. No later 
than 60 days after the date FMCSA affirms the notice of proposed 
removal, the medical examiner must comply with Sec. Sec.  390.103 
through 390.115 and correct the deficiencies identified in the notice of 
proposed removal as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (iii) If the medical examiner does not submit a written response 
within 30 days of the date of issuance of a notice of proposed removal, 
the removal becomes effective and the medical examiner is immediately 
removed from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
    (2) Compliance and corrective action. (i) The medical examiner must 
comply with Sec. Sec.  390.103 through 390.115 and complete the 
corrective actions specified in the notice of proposed removal no later 
than 60 days after either the date of issuance of the notice of proposed 
removal or the date FMCSA affirms or modifies the notice of proposed 
removal, whichever is later. The medical examiner must provide 
documentation

[[Page 461]]

of compliance and completion of the corrective actions to FMCSA. FMCSA 
may conduct any investigations and request any documentation necessary 
to verify that the medical examiner has complied with Sec. Sec.  390.103 
through 390.115 and completed the required corrective action(s). FMCSA 
will notify the medical examiner in writing whether he or she has met 
the requirements to continue to be listed on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners.
    (ii) If the medical examiner fails to complete the proposed 
corrective action(s) within the 60-day period, the removal becomes 
effective and the medical examiner is immediately removed from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners. FMCSA will notify the 
person in writing that he or she has been removed from the National 
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
    (3) At any time before a notice of proposed removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners becomes final, the 
recipient of the notice of proposed removal and FMCSA may resolve the 
matter by mutual agreement.
    (d) Request for administrative review. If a person has been removed 
from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners under 
paragraph (c)(1)(iii), (c)(2)(ii), or (e) of this section, that person 
may request an administrative review no later than 30 days after the 
date the removal becomes effective. The request must be submitted in 
writing to FMCSA, ATTN: National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners--Request for Administrative Review, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, 
Washington, DC 20590. The request must explain the error(s) committed in 
removing the medical examiner from the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners, and include a list of all factual, legal, and 
procedural issues in dispute, and any supporting information or 
documents.
    (1) Additional procedures for administrative review. FMCSA may ask 
the person to submit additional data or attend a conference to discuss 
the removal. If the person does not provide the information requested, 
or does not attend the scheduled conference, FMCSA may dismiss the 
request for administrative review.
    (2) Decision on administrative review. FMCSA will complete the 
administrative review and notify the person in writing of the decision. 
The decision constitutes final Agency action. If FMCSA decides the 
removal was not valid, FMCSA will reinstate the person and reissue a 
certification credential to expire on the expiration date of the 
certificate that was invalidated under paragraph (g) of this section. 
The reinstated medical examiner must:
    (i) Continue to meet the requirements of Sec. Sec.  390.103 through 
390.115 and the applicable requirements of part 391 of this chapter.
    (ii) Report to FMCSA any changes in the registration information 
submitted under Sec.  390.103(a)(2) within 30 days of the reinstatement.
    (iii) Be licensed, certified, or registered in accordance with 
applicable State laws and regulations to perform physical examinations.
    (iv) Maintain documentation of State licensure, registration, or 
certification to perform physical examinations for each State in which 
the examiner performs examinations and maintains documentation of 
completion of all training required by Sec. Sec.  390.105 and 390.111 of 
this part. The medical examiner must also make this documentation 
available to an authorized representative of FMCSA or an authorized 
representative of Federal, State, or local government. The medical 
examiner must provide this documentation within 48 hours of the request 
for investigations and within 10 days of the request for regular audits 
of eligibility.
    (v) Complete periodic training as required by FMCSA.
    (e) Emergency removal. In cases of either willfulness or in which 
public health, interest, or safety requires, the provisions of paragraph 
(b) of this section are not applicable and FMCSA may immediately remove 
a medical examiner from the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners and invalidate the certification credential issued under Sec.  
390.109. A person who has been removed under the provisions of this 
paragraph may request an administrative review of that decision as 
described under paragraph (d) of this section.

[[Page 462]]

    (f) Reinstatement on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners. No sooner than 30 days after the date of removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, a person who has been 
voluntarily or involuntarily removed may apply to FMCSA to be 
reinstated. The person must:
    (1) Continue to meet the requirements of Sec. Sec.  390.103 through 
390.115 and the applicable requirements of part 391 of this chapter.
    (2) Report to FMCSA any changes in the registration information 
submitted under Sec.  390.103(a)(2).
    (3) Be licensed, certified, or registered in accordance with 
applicable State laws and regulations to perform physical examinations.
    (4) Maintain documentation of State licensure, registration, or 
certification to perform physical examinations for each State in which 
the person performs examinations and maintains documentation of 
completion of all training required by Sec. Sec.  390.105 and 390.111. 
The medical examiner must also make this documentation available to an 
authorized representative of FMCSA or an authorized representative of 
Federal, State, or local government. The person must provide this 
documentation within 48 hours of the request for investigations and 
within 10 days of the request for regular audits of eligibility.
    (5) Complete training and testing as required by FMCSA.
    (6) In the case of a person who has been involuntarily removed, 
provide documentation showing completion of any corrective actions 
required in the notice of proposed removal.
    (g) Effect of final decision by FMCSA. If a person is removed from 
the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners under paragraph (c) 
or (e) of this section, the certification credential issued under Sec.  
390.109 is no longer valid. However, the removed person's information 
remains publicly available for 3 years, with an indication that the 
person is no longer listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners as of the date of removal.

[77 FR 24127, Apr. 20, 2012, as amended at 80 FR 59074, Oct. 1, 2015; 83 
FR 22878, May 17, 2018; 83 FR 26860, June 11, 2018; 86 FR 57074, Oct. 
14, 2021]

Medical Examiner Certification Requirements for Qualified Department of 
                       Veterans Affairs Examiners

    Source: 83 FR 26861, June 11, 2018, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  390.123  Medical examiner certification for qualified Department
of Veterans Affairs examiners.

    (a) For a qualified VA examiner to receive medical examiner 
certification from FMCSA under Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135, a 
person must:
    (1) Be an advanced practice nurse, doctor of chiropractic, doctor of 
medicine, doctor of osteopathy, physician assistant, or other medical 
professional employed in the Department of Veterans Affairs;
    (2) Be licensed, certified, or registered in a State to perform 
physical examinations;
    (3) Register on the National Registry website and receive a National 
Registry number before taking the training that meets the requirements 
of Sec.  390.125;
    (4) Be familiar with FMCSA's standards for, and physical 
requirements of, a commercial motor vehicle operator requiring medical 
certification, by completing the training program that meets the 
requirements of Sec.  390.125;
    (5) Pass the medical examiner certification test provided by FMCSA, 
administered in accordance with Sec.  390.127, and has had his or her 
test information forwarded to FMCSA; and
    (6) Never have been found to have acted fraudulently with respect to 
any certification of a commercial motor vehicle operator, including by 
fraudulently awarding a medical certificate.
    (b) If a person becomes a certified VA medical examiner under 
Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135, then to renew such certification the 
certified VA medical examiner must remain qualified under paragraphs 
(a)(1) and (2) of this section and complete additional testing and 
training as required by Sec.  390.131(a)(5).



Sec.  390.125  Qualified VA examiner certification training.

    A qualified VA examiner applying for certification under Sec. Sec.  
390.123 through

[[Page 463]]

390.135 must complete training developed and provided by FMCSA and 
delivered through a web-based training system operated by the Department 
of Veterans Affairs.



Sec.  390.127  Qualified VA examiner certification testing.

    To receive medical examiner certification from FMCSA under 
Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135, a qualified VA examiner must pass 
the medical examiner certification test developed and provided by FMCSA 
and administered through a web-based system operated by the Department 
of Veterans Affairs.



Sec.  390.129  Issuance of the FMCSA medical examiner certification 
credential.

    Upon compliance with the requirements of Sec.  390.123(a) or (b), 
FMCSA will issue to a qualified VA examiner or certified VA medical 
examiner, as applicable, an FMCSA medical examiner certification 
credential and will add the certified VA medical examiner's name to the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners. The certification 
credential will expire 10 years after the date of its issuance.



Sec.  390.131  Requirements for continued listing of a certified VA
medical examiner on the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.

    (a) To continue to be listed on the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners, each certified VA medical examiner must:
    (1) Continue to meet the requirements of Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 
390.135 and the applicable requirements of part 391 of this chapter.
    (2) Report to FMCSA any changes in the registration information 
submitted under Sec.  390.123(a)(3) within 30 days of the change.
    (3) Continue to be licensed, certified, or registered, and 
authorized to perform physical examinations, in accordance with the laws 
and regulations of a State.
    (4) Maintain documentation of licensure, registration, or 
certification in a State to perform physical examinations and maintain 
documentation of and completion of all training required by this section 
and Sec.  390.125. The certified VA medical examiner must make this 
documentation available to an authorized representative of FMCSA or an 
authorized representative of Federal, State, or local government. The 
certified VA medical examiner must provide this documentation within 48 
hours of the request for investigations and within 10 days of the 
request for regular audits of eligibility.
    (5) Maintain medical examiner certification by completing training 
and testing according to the following schedule:
    (i) No sooner than 4 years and no later than 5 years after the date 
of issuance of the medical examiner certification credential, complete 
periodic training as specified by FMCSA.
    (ii) No sooner than 9 years and no later than 10 years after the 
date of issuance of the medical examiner certification credential:
    (A) Complete periodic training as specified by FMCSA; and
    (B) Pass the test required by Sec.  390.123(a)(5).
    (b) FMCSA will issue a new medical examiner certification credential 
valid for 10 years to a certified VA medical examiner who complies with 
paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section and who successfully 
completes the training and testing as required by paragraphs (a)(5)(i) 
and (ii) of this section.
    (c) A certified VA medical examiner must report to FMCSA within 30 
days that he or she is no longer employed in the Department of Veterans 
Affairs. Any certified VA medical examiner who is no longer employed in 
the Department of Veterans Affairs, but would like to remain listed on 
the National Registry, must, within 30 days of leaving employment in the 
Department of Veterans Affairs, meet the requirements of Sec.  390.111. 
In particular, he or she must be licensed, certified, or registered, and 
authorized to perform physical examinations, in accordance with the 
applicable laws and regulations of each State in which the medical 
examiner performs examinations. The previously certified VA medical 
examiner's medical license(s) must be verified and accepted by FMCSA 
prior

[[Page 464]]

to conducting any physical examination of a commercial motor vehicle 
operator or issuing any medical examiner's certificates.



Sec.  390.133  Reasons for removal of a certified VA medical examiner 
from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.

    FMCSA may remove a certified VA medical examiner from the National 
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners when a certified VA medical 
examiner fails to meet or maintain the qualifications established by 
Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135, the requirements of other 
regulations applicable to the certified VA medical examiner, or 
otherwise does not meet the requirements of 49 U.S.C. 31149. The reasons 
for removal may include, but are not limited to:
    (a) The certified VA medical examiner fails to comply with the 
requirements for continued listing on the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners, as described in Sec.  390.131.
    (b) FMCSA finds that there are errors, omissions, or other 
indications of improper certification by the certified VA medical 
examiner of an operator in either the completed Medical Examination 
Reports or the medical examiner's certificates.
    (c) The FMCSA determines the certified VA medical examiner issued a 
medical examiner's certificate to an operator of a commercial motor 
vehicle who failed to meet the applicable standards at the time of the 
examination.
    (d) The certified VA medical examiner fails to comply with the 
examination requirements in Sec.  391.43 of this chapter.
    (e) The certified VA medical examiner falsely claims to have 
completed training in physical and medical examination standards as 
required by Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135.



Sec.  390.135  Procedure for removal of a certified VA medical examiner
from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.

    (a) Voluntary removal. To be voluntarily removed from the National 
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, a certified VA medical examiner 
must submit a request to FMCSA, ATTN: Removal from National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, Washington, DC 
20590. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, FMCSA will 
accept the request and the removal will become effective immediately. On 
and after the date of issuance of a notice of proposed removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, as described in 
paragraph (b) of this section, however, FMCSA will not approve the 
certified VA medical examiner's request for voluntary removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
    (b) Notice of proposed removal. Except as provided by paragraphs (a) 
and (e) of this section, FMCSA initiates the process for removal of a 
certified VA medical examiner from the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners by issuing a written notice of proposed removal to the 
certified VA medical examiner, stating the reasons that removal is 
proposed under Sec.  390.133 and any corrective actions necessary for 
the certified VA medical examiner to remain listed on the National 
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
    (c) Response to notice of proposed removal and corrective action. A 
certified VA medical examiner who has received a notice of proposed 
removal from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners must 
submit any written response to the FMCSA no later than 30 days after the 
date of issuance of the notice of proposed removal. The response must 
indicate either that the certified VA medical examiner believes FMCSA 
has relied on erroneous reasons, in whole or in part, in proposing 
removal from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, as 
described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, or that the certified VA 
medical examiner will comply and take any corrective action specified in 
the notice of proposed removal, as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this 
section.
    (1) Opposing a notice of proposed removal. If the certified VA 
medical examiner believes FMCSA has relied on an erroneous reason, in 
whole or in part, in proposing removal from the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners, the certified VA medical examiner must 
explain the basis for his or her belief that FMCSA relied on an

[[Page 465]]

erroneous reason in proposing the removal. FMCSA will review the 
explanation.
    (i) If FMCSA finds it has wholly relied on an erroneous reason for 
proposing removal from the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners, FMCSA will withdraw the notice of proposed removal and notify 
the certified VA medical examiner in writing of the determination. If 
FMCSA finds it has partly relied on an erroneous reason for proposing 
removal from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, FMCSA 
will modify the notice of proposed removal and notify the certified VA 
medical examiner in writing of the determination. No later than 60 days 
after the date FMCSA modifies a notice of proposed removal, the 
certified VA medical examiner must comply with Sec. Sec.  390.123 
through 390.135 and correct any deficiencies identified in the modified 
notice of proposed removal as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this 
section.
    (ii) If FMCSA finds it has not relied on an erroneous reason in 
proposing removal, FMCSA will affirm the notice of proposed removal and 
notify the certified VA medical examiner in writing of the 
determination. No later than 60 days after the date the FMCSA affirms 
the notice of proposed removal, the certified VA medical examiner must 
comply with Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135 and correct the 
deficiencies identified in the notice of proposed removal as described 
in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (iii) If the certified VA medical examiner does not submit a written 
response within 30 days of the date of issuance of a notice of proposed 
removal, the removal becomes effective and the certified VA medical 
examiner is immediately removed from the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners.
    (2) Compliance and corrective action. (i) The certified VA medical 
examiner must comply with Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135 and 
complete the corrective actions specified in the notice of proposed 
removal no later than 60 days after either the date of issuance of the 
notice of proposed removal or the date FMCSA affirms or modifies the 
notice of proposed removal, whichever is later. The certified VA medical 
examiner must provide documentation of compliance and completion of the 
corrective actions to FMCSA. FMCSA may conduct any investigations and 
request any documentation necessary to verify that the certified VA 
medical examiner has complied with Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 390.135 
and completed the required corrective action(s). FMCSA will notify the 
certified VA medical examiner in writing whether he or she has met the 
requirements to continue to be listed on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners.
    (ii) If the certified VA medical examiner fails to complete the 
proposed corrective action(s) within the 60-day period, the removal 
becomes effective and the certified VA medical examiner is immediately 
removed from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners. FMCSA 
will notify the person in writing that he or she has been removed from 
the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.
    (3) At any time before a notice of proposed removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners becomes final, the 
recipient of the notice of proposed removal and FMCSA may resolve the 
matter by mutual agreement.
    (d) Request for administrative review. If a person has been removed 
from the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners under 
paragraph (c)(1)(iii), (c)(2)(ii), or (e) of this section, that person 
may request an administrative review no later than 30 days after the 
date the removal becomes effective. The request must be submitted in 
writing to FMCSA, ATTN: National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners--Request for Administrative Review, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, 
Washington, DC 20590. The request must explain the error(s) committed in 
removing the certified VA medical examiner from the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners, and include a list of all factual, legal, 
and procedural issues in dispute, and any supporting information or 
documents.
    (1) Additional procedures for administrative review. FMCSA may ask 
the person to submit additional data or attend a conference to discuss 
the removal. If

[[Page 466]]

the person does not provide the information requested, or does not 
attend the scheduled conference, FMCSA may dismiss the request for 
administrative review.
    (2) Decision on administrative review. FMCSA will complete the 
administrative review and notify the person in writing of the decision. 
The decision constitutes final Agency action. If FMCSA decides the 
removal was not valid, FMCSA will reinstate the person and reissue a 
certification credential to expire on the expiration date of the 
certificate that was invalidated under paragraph (g) of this section. 
The reinstated certified VA medical examiner must:
    (i) Continue to meet the requirements of Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 
390.135 and the applicable requirements of part 391 of this chapter.
    (ii) Report to FMCSA any changes in the registration information 
submitted under Sec.  390.123(a)(3) within 30 days of the reinstatement.
    (iii) Be licensed, certified, or registered in accordance with 
applicable State laws and regulations to perform physical examinations.
    (iv) Maintain documentation of licensure, registration, or 
certification in a State to perform physical examinations and maintain 
documentation of and completion of all training required by Sec. Sec.  
390.125 and 390.131 of this part. The certified VA medical examiner must 
make this documentation available to an authorized representative of 
FMCSA or an authorized representative of Federal, State, or local 
government. The certified VA medical examiner must provide this 
documentation within 48 hours of the request for investigations and 
within 10 days of the request for regular audits of eligibility.
    (v) Complete periodic training as required by FMCSA.
    (e) Emergency removal. In cases of either willfulness or in which 
public health, interest, or safety requires, the provisions of paragraph 
(b) of this section are not applicable and FMCSA may immediately remove 
a certified VA medical examiner from the National Registry of Certified 
Medical Examiners and invalidate the certification credential issued 
under Sec.  390.129. A person who has been removed under the provisions 
of this paragraph may request an administrative review of that decision 
as described under paragraph (d) of this section.
    (f) Reinstatement on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners. No sooner than 30 days after the date of removal from the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, a person who has been 
voluntarily or involuntarily removed may apply to FMCSA to be 
reinstated. The person must:
    (1) Continue to meet the requirements of Sec. Sec.  390.123 through 
390.135 and the applicable requirements of part 391 of this chapter.
    (2) Report to FMCSA any changes in the registration information 
submitted under Sec.  390.123(a)(3).
    (3) Be licensed, certified, or registered in accordance with 
applicable State laws and regulations to perform physical examinations.
    (4) Maintain documentation of licensure, registration, or 
certification in a State to perform physical examinations and maintain 
documentation of and completion of all training required by Sec. Sec.  
390.125 and 390.131. The certified VA medical examiner must make this 
documentation available to an authorized representative of FMCSA or an 
authorized representative of Federal, State, or local government. The 
certified VA medical examiner must provide this documentation within 48 
hours of the request for investigations and within 10 days of the 
request for regular audits of eligibility.
    (5) Complete training and testing as required by FMCSA.
    (6) In the case of a person who has been involuntarily removed, 
provide documentation showing completion of any corrective actions 
required in the notice of proposed removal.
    (g) Effect of final decision by FMCSA. If a person is removed from 
the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners under paragraph (c) 
or (e) of this section, the certification credential issued under Sec.  
390.129 is no longer valid. However, the removed person's information 
remains publicly available for 3 years, with an indication that the

[[Page 467]]

person is no longer listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners as of the date of removal.

[83 FR 26861, June 11, 2018, as amended at 86 FR 57074, Oct. 14, 2021]



                  Subpart E_Unified Registration System

    Source: 80 FR 63712, Oct. 21, 2015, unless otherwise noted.

    Effective Date Note: At 82 FR 5318, Jan. 17, 2017, subpart E 
(Sec. Sec.  390.201-390.209) was suspended, effective Jan. 14, 2017.



Sec.  390.201  USDOT Registration.

    (a) Purpose. This section establishes who must register with FMCSA 
under the Unified Registration System, the filing schedule, and general 
information pertaining to persons subject to the Unified Registration 
System registration requirements.
    (b) Applicability. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this 
section, each motor carrier (including a private motor carrier, an 
exempt for-hire motor carrier, a non-exempt for-hire motor carrier, and 
a motor carrier of passengers that participates in a through ticketing 
arrangement with one or more interstate for-hire motor carriers of 
passengers), intermodal equipment provider, broker and freight forwarder 
subject to the requirements of this subchapter must file Form MCSA-1, 
the URS online application, with FMCSA to:
    (i) Identify its operations with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration for safety oversight, as applicable;
    (ii) Obtain operating authority required under 49 U.S.C. chapter 
139, as applicable; and
    (iii) Obtain a hazardous materials safety permit as required under 
49 U.S.C. 5109, as applicable.
    (2) A cargo tank and cargo tank motor vehicle manufacturer, 
assembler, repairer, inspector, tester, and design certifying engineer 
that is subject to registration requirements under 49 CFR 107.502 and 49 
U.S.C. 5108 must satisfy those requirements by electronically filing 
Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, with FMCSA.
    (c) General. (1)(i) A person that fails to file Form MCSA-1, the URS 
online application, pursuant to paragraph (d)(1) of this section is 
subject to the penalties prescribed in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B) or 49 
U.S.C. 14901(a), as appropriate.
    (ii) A person that fails to complete biennial updates to the 
information pursuant to paragraph (d)(2) of this section is subject to 
the penalties prescribed in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B) or 49 U.S.C. 
14901(a), as appropriate, and deactivation of its USDOT Number.
    (iii) A person that furnishes misleading information or makes false 
statements upon Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, is subject to 
the penalties prescribed in 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B), 49 U.S.C. 14901(a) 
or 49 U.S.C. 14907, as appropriate.
    (2) Upon receipt and processing of Form MCSA-1, the URS online 
application, FMCSA will issue the applicant an inactive identification 
number (USDOT Number). FMCSA will activate the USDOT Number after 
completion of applicable administrative filings pursuant to Sec.  
390.205(a), unless the applicant is subject to Sec.  390.205(b). An 
applicant may not begin operations nor mark a commercial motor vehicle 
with the USDOT Number until after the date of the Agency's written 
notice that the USDOT Number has been activated.
    (3) The motor carrier must display a valid USDOT Number on each 
self-propelled CMV, as defined in Sec.  390.5, along with the additional 
information required by Sec.  390.21.
    (d) Filing schedule. Each person listed under Sec.  390.201(b) must 
electronically file Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, at the 
following times:
    (1) Before it begins operations; and
    (2) Every 24 months as prescribed in paragraph (d)(3) of this 
section.
    (3)(i) Persons assigned a USDOT Number must file an updated Form 
MCSA-1, the URS online application, every 24 months, according to the 
following schedule:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Must file by last day of . .
        USDOT No. ending in . . .                        .
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1........................................  January.
2........................................  February.
3........................................  March.
4........................................  April.

[[Page 468]]

 
5........................................  May.
6........................................  June.
7........................................  July.
8........................................  August.
9........................................  September.
0........................................  October.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) If the next-to-last digit of its USDOT Number is odd, the 
person must file its update in every odd-numbered calendar year. If the 
next-to-last digit of the USDOT Number is even, the person must file its 
update in every even-numbered calendar year.
    (4) When there is a change in legal name, form of business, or 
address. A registered entity must notify the Agency of a change in legal 
name, form of business, or address within 30 days of the change by 
filing an updated Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, reflecting 
the revised information. Notification of a change in legal name, form of 
business, or address does not relieve a registered entity from the 
requirement to file an updated Form MCSA-1 every 24 months in accordance 
with paragraph (d)(3) of this section.
    (5) When there is a transfer of operating authority. (i) Both a 
person who obtains operating authority through a transfer, as defined in 
part 365, subpart D of this subchapter (transferee), and the person 
transferring its operating authority (transferor), must each notify the 
Agency of the transfer within 30 days of consummation of the transfer by 
filing:
    (A) An updated Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, for the 
transferor, and for the transferee, if the transferee had an existing 
USDOT Number at the time of the transfer; or
    (B) A new Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, if the transferee 
did not have an existing USDOT Number at the time of the transfer.
    (C) A copy of the operating authority that is being transferred.
    (ii) Notification of a transfer of operating authority does not 
relieve a registered entity from the requirement to file an updated Form 
MCSA-1, the URS online application, every 24 months in accordance with 
paragraph (d)(3) of this section.
    (e) Availability of form. Form MCSA-1, the URS online application is 
available, including complete instructions, from the FMCSA Web site at 
http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.
    (f) Where to file. Persons subject to the registration requirements 
under this subpart must electronically file Form MCSA-1, the URS online 
application, on the FMCSA Web site at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.
    (g) Exception. The rules in this subpart do not govern the 
application by a Mexico-domiciled motor carrier to provide 
transportation of property or passengers in interstate commerce between 
Mexico and points in the United States beyond the municipalities and 
commercial zones along the United States-Mexico international border. 
The applicable procedures governing transportation by Mexico-domiciled 
motor carriers are provided in Sec.  390.19.



Sec.  390.203  PRISM State registration/biennial updates.

    (a) A motor carrier that registers its vehicles in a State that 
participates in the Performance and Registration Information Systems 
Management (PRISM) program (authorized under section 4004 of the 
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century [Public Law 105-178, 112 
Stat. 107]) alternatively may satisfy the requirements set forth in 
Sec.  390.201 by electronically filing all the required USDOT 
registration and biennial update information with the State according to 
its policies and procedures, provided the State has integrated the USDOT 
registration/update capability into its vehicle registration program.
    (b) If the State procedures do not allow a motor carrier to file the 
Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, or to submit updates within the 
period specified in Sec.  390.201(d)(2), a motor carrier must complete 
such filings directly with FMCSA.
    (c) A for-hire motor carrier, unless providing transportation exempt 
from the commercial registration requirements of 49 U.S.C. chapter 139, 
must obtain operating authority as prescribed under Sec.  390.201(b) and 
part 365 of this subchapter before operating in interstate commerce.

[[Page 469]]



Sec.  390.205  Special requirements for registration.

    (a)(1) General. A person applying to operate as a motor carrier, 
broker, or freight forwarder under this subpart must make the additional 
filings described in paragraphs (a)(2) and (a)(3) of this section as a 
condition for registration under this subpart within 90 days of the date 
on which the application is filed:
    (2) Evidence of financial responsibility. (i) A person that 
registers to conduct operations in interstate commerce as a for-hire 
motor carrier, a broker, or a freight forwarder must file evidence of 
financial responsibility as required under part 387, subparts C and D of 
this subchapter.
    (ii) A person that registers to transport hazardous materials as 
defined in 49 CFR 171.8 (or any quantity of a material listed as a 
select agent or toxin in 42 CFR part 73) in interstate commerce must 
file evidence of financial responsibility as required under part 387, 
subpart C of this subchapter.
    (3) Designation of agent for service of process. All motor carriers 
(both private and for-hire), brokers and freight forwarders required to 
register under this subpart must designate an agent for service of 
process (a person upon whom court or Agency process may be served) 
following the rules in part 366 of this subchapter:
    (b) If an application is subject to a protest period, the Agency 
will not activate a USDOT Number until expiration of the protest period 
provided in Sec.  365.115 of this subchapter or--if a protest is 
received--after FMCSA denies or rejects the protest, as applicable.



Sec.  390.207  Other governing regulations.

    (a) Motor carriers. (1) A motor carrier granted registration under 
this part must successfully complete the applicable New Entrant Safety 
Assurance Program as described in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through 
(a)(1)(iii) of this section as a condition for permanent registration:
    (i) A U.S.- or Canada-domiciled motor carrier is subject to the new 
entrant safety assurance program under part 385, subpart D, of this 
subchapter.
    (ii) A Mexico-domiciled motor carrier is subject to the safety 
monitoring program under part 385, subpart B of this subchapter.
    (iii) A Non-North America-domiciled motor carrier is subject to the 
safety monitoring program under part 385, subpart I of this subchapter.
    (2) Only the legal name or a single trade name of the motor carrier 
may be used on the Form MCSA-1, the URS online application.
    (b) Brokers, freight forwarders and non-exempt for-hire motor 
carriers. (1) A broker or freight forwarder must obtain operating 
authority pursuant to part 365 of this chapter as a condition for 
obtaining USDOT Registration.
    (2) A motor carrier registering to engage in transportation that is 
not exempt from economic regulation by FMCSA must obtain operating 
authority pursuant to part 365 of this subchapter as a condition for 
obtaining USDOT Registration.
    (c) Intermodal equipment providers. An intermodal equipment provider 
is subject to the requirements of subpart C of this part.
    (1) Only the legal name or a single trade name of the intermodal 
equipment provider may be used on the Form MCSA-1, the URS online 
application.
    (2) The intermodal equipment provider must identify each unit of 
interchanged intermodal equipment by its assigned USDOT Number.
    (d) Hazardous materials safety permit applicants. A person who 
applies for a hazardous materials safety permit is subject to the 
requirements of part 385, subpart E, of this subchapter.
    (e) Cargo tank facilities. A cargo tank facility is subject to the 
requirements of 49 CFR part 107, subpart F, 49 CFR part 172, subpart H, 
and 49 CFR part 180.



Sec.  390.209  Pre-authorization safety audit.

    A non-North America-domiciled motor carrier seeking to provide 
transportation of property or passengers in interstate commerce within 
the United States must pass the pre-authorization safety audit under 
Sec.  385.607(c) of this subchapter as a condition for receiving 
registration under this part.

[[Page 470]]



                    Subpart E_URS Online Application



Sec.  390.200T  USDOT Registration.

    (a) Purpose. This section establishes who must register with FMCSA 
using the Form MCSA-1, the URS online application, beginning January 14, 
2017.
    (b) Applicability. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this part 
or 49 CFR 385.305T(b)(2), a new applicant private motor carrier or new 
applicant exempt for-hire motor carrier subject to the requirements of 
this subchapter must file Form MCSA-1 with FMCSA to identify its 
operations with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration for 
safety oversight. Form MCSA-1 is the URS online application, and both 
the application and its instructions are available from the FMCSA Web 
site at http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/urs.
    (c) Definition. For purposes of this section, a ``new applicant'' is 
an entity applying for operating authority registration and a USDOT 
number who does not at the time of application have an active 
registration or USDOT, Motor Carrier (MC), Mexican owned or controlled 
(MX), or Freight Forwarder (FF) number, and who has never had an active 
registration or USDOT, MC, MX, or FF number.

[82 FR 5318, Jan. 17, 2017]

Subpart F [Reserved]



 Subpart G_Lease and Interchange of Passenger-Carrying Commercial Motor 
                                Vehicles

    Source: 84 FR 40295, Aug. 14, 2019, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  390.401  Applicability.

    (a) General. Beginning on January 1, 2021, and except as provided in 
paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, this subpart applies to the 
following actions, irrespective of duration, or the presence or absence 
of compensation, by motor carriers operating commercial motor vehicles 
to transport passengers:
    (1) The lease of passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicles; and
    (2) The interchange of passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicles 
between motor carriers.
    (b) Exceptions--(1) Contracts and agreements between motor carriers 
of passengers with active passenger carrier operating authority 
registrations. This subpart does not apply to contracts and agreements 
between motor carriers of passengers that have active passenger carrier 
operating authority registrations with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration when one such motor carrier acquires transportation 
service(s) from another such motor carrier(s).
    (2) Financial leases. This subpart does not apply to a contract 
(however designated, e.g., lease, closed-end lease, hire purchase, lease 
purchase, purchase agreement, installment plan, demonstration or loaner 
vehicle, etc.) between a motor carrier and a bank or similar financial 
organization or a manufacturer or dealer of passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicles allowing the motor carrier to use the 
passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle.
    (c) Penalties. If the use of a passenger-carrying commercial motor 
vehicle is conferred on one motor carrier subject to this subpart by 
another such motor carrier without a lease or interchange agreement, or 
pursuant to a lease or interchange agreement that fails to meet all 
applicable requirements of subpart G, both motor carriers shall be 
subject to a civil penalty.



Sec.  390.403  Lease and interchange requirements.

    Beginning on January 1, 2021, and except as provided in Sec.  
390.401(b) of this section, a motor carrier may transport passengers in 
a leased or interchanged commercial motor vehicle only under the 
following conditions:
    (a) In general--(1) Lease or agreement required. There shall be in 
effect either:
    (i) A lease granting the use of the passenger-carrying commercial 
motor vehicle and meeting the conditions of paragraphs (b) and (c) of 
this section. The provisions of the lease shall be adhered to and 
performed by the lessee; or
    (ii) An agreement meeting the conditions of paragraphs (b) and (c) 
of this

[[Page 471]]

section and governing the interchange of passenger-carrying commercial 
motor vehicles between motor carriers of passengers conducting service 
on a route or series of routes. The provisions of the interchange 
agreement shall be adhered to and performed by the lessee.
    (2) Exception. When an event occurs (e.g., a crash, the vehicle is 
disabled) that requires a motor carrier of passengers immediately to 
obtain a replacement vehicle from another motor carrier of passengers, 
the two carriers may postpone the writing of the lease or written 
agreement for the replacement vehicle for up to 48 hours after the time 
the lessee takes exclusive possession and control of the replacement 
vehicle. However, during that 48-hour period, until the lease or 
agreement is written and provided to the driver, the driver must carry, 
and produce upon demand of an enforcement official, a document signed 
and dated by the lessee's driver or available company official stating: 
``[Carrier A, USDOT number, telephone number] has leased this vehicle to 
[Carrier B, USDOT number, telephone number] pursuant to 49 CFR 
390.403(a)(2).''
    (b) Contents of the lease. The lease or interchange agreement 
required by paragraph (a) of this section shall contain:
    (1) Vehicle identification information. The name of the vehicle 
manufacturer, the year of manufacture, and at least the last 6 digits of 
the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) of each passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle transferred between motor carriers pursuant to 
the lease or interchange agreement.
    (2) Parties. The legal name, USDOT number, and telephone number of 
the motor carrier providing passenger transportation in a commercial 
motor vehicle (lessee) and the legal name, USDOT number, and telephone 
number of the motor carrier providing the equipment (lessor), and 
signatures of both parties or their authorized representatives.
    (3) Specific duration. The time and date when, and the location 
where, the lease or interchange agreement begins and ends.
    (4) Exclusive possession and responsibilities. (i) A clear statement 
that the motor carrier obtaining the passenger-carrying commercial motor 
vehicle (the lessee) has exclusive possession, control, and use of the 
passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle for the duration of the 
agreement, and assumes complete responsibility for operation of the 
vehicle and compliance with all applicable Federal regulations for the 
duration of the agreement.
    (ii) In the event of a sublease between motor carriers, all of the 
requirements of this section shall apply to a sublease.
    (c) Copies of the lease. A copy shall be on the passenger-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle during the period of the lease or interchange 
agreement, and both the lessee and lessor shall retain a copy of the 
lease or interchange agreement for 1 year after the expiration date.





    Sec. Appendix A to Part 390--Applicability of the Registration, 
 Financial Responsibility, and Safety Regulations to Motor Carriers of 
                               Passengers

                         I. FMCSA's Jurisdiction

    The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) comprise parts 
350 through 399 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). These 
regulations set minimum safety standards for motor carriers, vehicles, 
and drivers operating in interstate commerce. The areas covered include 
motor carrier registration, financial responsibility requirements, 
driver qualifications, licensing, hours of driving and on duty time, 
vehicle safety equipment, operating condition, inspection, and 
maintenance. In some areas, Congress has enacted exemptions for certain 
categories of vehicles or operations. Accordingly, the Agency does not 
exercise regulatory authority over some operators who meet the 
definition of a motor carrier, vehicle, or driver operating in 
interstate commerce.
    The jurisdictional thresholds of the statutes FMCSA administers and 
the corresponding regulations are not uniform. First, for most of the 
FMCSRs, the Agency's jurisdiction is based upon the definition of 
commercial motor vehicle (CMV) in the Motor Carrier Safety Act of 1984 
(MCSA), codified at 49 U.S.C. 31132(1) and Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5. 
Under that definition, a passenger vehicle is a commercial motor vehicle 
if it is designed or

[[Page 472]]

used to transport 9 or more passengers for compensation or 16 or more 
passengers regardless of compensation status. Larger passenger vehicles 
also qualify as CMVs irrespective of their passenger capacity if they 
have a gross vehicle weight (GVW) or gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) 
(whichever is greater) of 10,001 pounds or more. The Agency's safety 
jurisdiction, however, does not include passenger-carrying vehicles that 
meet all of the following criteria: (1) designed and used to transport 8 
or fewer passengers, (2) have a GVWR and GVW of 10,000 pounds or less, 
and (3) are not transporting hazardous materials in a quantity that 
requires placarding. If a passenger-carrying vehicle exceeds even one of 
these three thresholds, however, FMCSA has safety jurisdiction over the 
vehicle.
    A second CMV definition, based on the statutory definition in the 
Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 (CMVSA) codified at 49 
U.S.C. 31301(4), governs the commercial driver's license (CDL) program 
and the corresponding drug and alcohol testing requirements (49 CFR 
parts 383 and 382, respectively), which apply to CMV operations both in 
interstate and intrastate commerce. For the purposes of determining 
which passenger carrier operations require a CDL, the jurisdiction 
conferring commercial motor vehicle definition in parts 383 and 382 
includes any motor vehicle that has a GVWR or GVW of 26,001 pounds or 
more and is used to transport passengers, regardless of the number of 
passengers that the vehicle is designed to or actually does transport. 
This commercial motor vehicle definition also includes any vehicle 
designed or used to transport 16 or more passengers, including the 
driver, and any vehicle used to transport certain hazardous materials.
    Third, with some exceptions, those portions of the FMCSRs based on 
Title 49, Subtitle IV, Part B, and frequently referred to as the 
``commercial regulations,'' are applicable (among others) to for-hire 
interstate transportation of passengers in any vehicle, no matter the 
GVW, GVWR, or passenger capacity (49 U.S.C. 13102(14), 13902 and 49 CFR 
part 365). The level of insurance required to operate as a for-hire 
passenger carrier is governed by the number of passengers the vehicle is 
designed to transport (49 CFR part 387, subpart B). The required level 
of insurance is $1.5 million if the carrier's largest vehicle has a 
seating capacity of 15 or fewer passengers or $5 million if the largest 
vehicle has a seating capacity of 16 passengers or more. (49 CFR 
387.33T). These are also the levels of insurance for which evidence is 
required to be maintained on file with FMCSA for a passenger carrier to 
obtain and retain for-hire operating authority registration under 49 
U.S.C. 13902. There is an exception to some Federal insurance/financial 
responsibility requirements for passenger carriers that receive certain 
grants from the Federal Transit Administration. (49 U.S.C. 31138(e)(4)).
    To determine the extent to which specific FMCSRs apply to an 
operation, it is first necessary to evaluate whether the operations are 
within the scope of any of the definitions outlined above. If the 
operations are within FMCSA's jurisdiction, then it is necessary to 
determine whether any specific regulatory or statutory exemptions apply 
to the operation.

              II. Jurisdictional Limitations and Exemptions

    There are specific statutory exemptions and regulatory exceptions 
applicable to part or all of FMCSA's jurisdiction. Most exemptions from 
FMCSA's commercial authority are codified in 49 U.S.C. 13506. Some of 
these exemptions applicable to passenger carrier operations are 
discussed in detail in below. The exemptions or exceptions from FMCSA's 
safety regulations are codified primarily in 49 CFR 390.3 and 390.3T. 
Specific examples of applicability questions FMCSA frequently receives 
are presented in question and answer format. The Agency's analytical 
framework is straightforward: (1) does the operation generally fall 
within FMCSA's jurisdiction, and, (2) if so, does any statutory or 
regulatory exemption or exception limit the applicability of the FMCSRs?

 Transportation of Passengers to and From Airports and Other Points of 
                      Interstate Departure/Arrival

    In 1938, Congress amended section 203(b) of the Motor Carrier Act of 
1935 (1935 Act) to exempt from the requirement to obtain operating 
authority registration ``the transportation of persons or property by 
motor vehicle when incidental to transportation by aircraft'' (Civil 
Aeronautics Act of 1938, Sec. 1107(j), Chap. 601, 52 Stat. 973, 1029, 
June 23, 1938). Section 203(b)(7a) of the 1935 Act is now codified at 49 
U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A) and implemented by 49 CFR 372.117(a).
    In 1964, the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) reaffirmed its 
longstanding position that the exemption for incidental-to-air 
transportation did not require passengers to hold a through ticket when 
it addressed the following question:

. . . whether the transportation of airline passengers by motor vehicle 
which is incidental to transportation by air must be confined to 
situations in which the air and motor movements are provided pursuant to 
some common arrangement for through passage, that is, on a through 
ticket or at the request and at the expense of the air carrier. In 
dealing with the transportation of property . . . we have found that a 
bona fide terminal area pickup and delivery service must entail through 
air-motor billing. A similar

[[Page 473]]

condition has never been considered essential where the transportation 
of passengers is concerned, and our reexamination of this aspect of the 
overall problem convinces us that no change is warranted in this regard. 
. . . Nor do we think that a requirement applicable to the 
transportation of freight must necessarily be appropriate to the 
transportation of passengers (95 M.C.C. at 535).

FMCSA agrees with the Commission's position that through-ticketing is 
not required for the exemption from commercial operating authority 
registration for transportation incidental to air travel in 49 U.S.C. 
13506(a)(8)(A) to apply. However, prearranged motor vehicle 
transportation, secured by an advance guarantee demonstrating an 
obligation by the passenger to take the service, and by the motor 
carrier to provide the service immediately prior or subsequent to 
aircraft transportation across State lines, is part of a continuous 
movement in interstate commerce. This understanding is the most 
consistent means for determining the passenger's fixed and persisting 
intent to continue in interstate transportation to a final destination 
absent a through ticket, or bill of lading one would have when shipping 
property. Motor carriers performing intrastate movements of interstate 
air passengers thus do not need operating authority registration if they 
operate only within the radius specified as ``incidental to 
transportation by aircraft'' in Sec.  372.117(a), but they are 
nevertheless operating in interstate commerce and are subject to the 
FMCSRs unless they are otherwise exempt.
    The parties who commented on the ICC's passenger rulemaking in the 
1960s reported that ``in virtually no case is it the practice of the 
airlines to issue . . . through tickets'' (95 M.C.C. 532). That has not 
changed. Package deals combining ground and air transportation may be 
offered by travel agents or online ticketing services, but airlines 
themselves only rarely offer such arrangements. FMCSA sees no reason to 
change the ICC's common-sense conclusion that motor carriers offering 
transportation of passengers to or from an airport are eligible for the 
exemption in current 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A) even though the passengers 
are not traveling on a single ticket that includes both ground and 
aircraft transportation.
    As discussed below, however, 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A) does not 
confer an exemption from applicable safety regulations. Prearranged 
motor vehicle transportation, secured by an advance guarantee 
demonstrating an obligation by the passenger to take the service and the 
motor carrier to provide the service, immediately prior or subsequent to 
aircraft transportation across State lines is part of a continuous 
movement in interstate commerce, as demonstrated by the passenger's 
fixed and persisting intent. Motor carriers performing intrastate 
movements of interstate air passengers by CMV thus do not need operating 
authority registration if they operate only within the radius specified 
as ``incidental to transportation by aircraft'' in Sec.  372.117(a), but 
if the transportation is prearranged, they are nevertheless operating in 
interstate commerce and are subject to the Federal safety regulations 
unless they are otherwise exempt.

               Prearrangement of Passenger Transportation

    The Federal courts have long held that ``[t]he characterization of 
transportation between two points within a single state as interstate or 
intrastate depends on the essential character of the shipment involved . 
. .'' The crucial factor in determining the essential character of a 
shipment is `the shipper's fixed and persisting intent at the time of 
shipment.' '' Central Freight Lines v. Interstate Commerce Commission, 
899 F.2d 413, 419 (5th Cir. 1990) (citing, among other cases, Baltimore 
& O.S.W.R. Co. v. Settle, 260 U.S. 166, 170-71 (1922)); see also 
Southerland v. St. Croix Taxicab Ass'n, 315 F.2d 364 (3rd Cir. 1963) 
(holding that intrastate transportation of passengers in the Virgin 
Islands pursuant to prearranged packages covering both lodging and 
travel was interstate commerce). The key inquiry is whether, before or 
at the time the trip begins, the shipper has manifested his/her intent 
to ship something in interstate commerce. In the case of passenger 
transportation, the ``shipper'' is the passenger, and the fixed intent 
to travel in interstate commerce is best demonstrated by pre-arranging 
the interstate air (or water or rail) transportation and the intrastate 
ground transportation by CMV at more or less the same time, and 
substantially before the interstate trip begins.
    For example, reserving a seat via the internet, with an advanced 
guarantee obligating the passenger to take the service and the motor 
carrier to provide the service, in a limousine for transportation to or 
from an airport about the same time of booking an interstate flight that 
will occur multiple weeks in the future would demonstrate a fixed and 
persisting intent to travel in interstate commerce, placing the 
limousine segment of the trip in the stream of interstate commerce. On 
the other hand, deciding on the day of a trip to take a taxicab to or 
from the airport before or after the flight would not involve 
prearrangement and would not amount to interstate commerce. In any case, 
evidence of a traveler's intent is normally based on documentation, not 
assumptions.
    The same kind of analysis applies to passengers boarding or 
disembarking from a cruise ship. Prior arrangement of CMV ground 
transportation--for example via tour

[[Page 474]]

bus from a port of call to some inland destination--made in conjunction 
with cruise-ship reservations would demonstrate the fixed intent of the 
passenger to travel by motor vehicle as part of an interstate or 
international trip. In some cases, cruise lines may even sell through-
tickets that cover both maritime and land transportation which clearly 
demonstrate both prearrangement and the fixed intent of the travelers to 
use multiple modes of transportation on an interstate or international 
trip.
    In 1963, the Third Circuit held that intrastate transportation of 
passengers in the Virgin Islands pursuant to prearranged packages 
covering both lodging and travel was interstate commerce (Southerland v. 
St. Croix Taxicab Ass'n, 315 F.2d 364 (3rd Cir. 1963)). Federal court 
decisions have increasingly expanded this line of analysis and found 
ground transportation to be in the stream of interstate commerce where, 
even in the absence of packaged travel arrangements, the traveler 
separately booked the air and ground portions of a trip. See Abel v. 
Southern Shuttle Services, Inc., 631 F.3d 1210 (11th Cir. 2011); 
Executive Town & Country Services v. City of Atlanta, 789 F.2d 1523 
(11th Cir. 1986); Charter Limousine, Inc. v. Dade County Board of County 
Commissioners, 678 F.2d 586 (5th Cir. 1982); East West Resort 
Transportation, LLC, v. Binz, 494 F.Supp.2d 1197 (D. Col. 2007).
    FMCSA has been asked if its commercial and safety jurisdiction over 
a motor carrier of passengers requires some threshold ratio of 
interstate to intrastate trips. Many motor carriers have a mixture of 
interstate and intrastate passenger transportation operations. To answer 
this question, we look back to a case interpreting the Fair Labor 
Standards Act of 1938. In this case, only 3 to 4 percent of a carrier's 
trips were interstate in nature, and the Supreme Court held that, under 
the 1935 Act, the ICC had authority to impose its hours of service rules 
on all of the company's drivers because they were randomly assigned to 
handle interstate trips, even though 2 out of about 40 drivers had not 
made a single interstate trip during the 21 months at issue in that case 
(Morris v. McComb, 332 U.S. 422 (1947)). The Court said ``[w]e hold that 
the Commission has the power to establish qualifications and maximum 
hours of service, pursuant to the provisions of Sec.  204 of the Motor 
Carrier Act [of 1935], for the entire classification of petitioner's 
drivers and `mechanics' and it is the existence of that power (rather 
than the precise terms of the requirements actually established by the 
Commission in the exercise of that power) that Congress has made the 
test as to whether or not [the overtime requirement of] Sec.  7 of the 
Fair Labor Standards Act is applicable to these employees.'' Ibid. at 
434.
    FMCSA's authority over interstate operations under the MCSA is in 
most ways even broader than the ICC's authority under the 1935 Act 
because it includes fewer statutory exemptions and is equally or more 
focused on highway safety. The Agency may, therefore, require compliance 
with the FMCSRs by passenger carriers with interstate operations no more 
extensive than those previously described in Morris v. McComb, providing 
those operations are undertaken with CMVs, as defined in Sec. Sec.  
390.5T and 390.5.
    A related question is whether relatively infrequent operations in 
interstate commerce make a motor carrier permanently subject to FMCSA 
jurisdiction. For an answer, we again look at the 1935 Act and to 
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) precedent. The FHWA, FMCSA's 
predecessor agency, said in a 1981 notice of interpretation that 
``[e]vidence of driving in interstate commerce or being subject to being 
used in interstate commerce should be accepted as proof that the driver 
is subject to [the hours-of-service requirements in 49 U.S.C. 31502(b)] 
for a 4-month period from the date of the proof'' 46 FR 37902, 37903 
(July 23, 1981).
    FHWA replaced the 4-month rule with a 14/15-day ``rule'' in 1999. 
(More information about this matter can be found in Question 24 under 
regulatory guidance for Sec.  390.3 on the FMCSA website, https://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/49-cfr-ss-3903t-general-applicability-
question-24.) However, the Agency's Acting Deputy Administrator 
explained in a letter of August 21, 2001, to the Department of Labor 
that ``[t]he 14/15-day rule is a prudential limitation on the use of 
FMCSA authority, not an interpretation of FMCSA jurisdiction.'' The 
letter also noted that ``[b]ecause most of the case law interpreting the 
provisions of the [1935 Act] has been generated by Fair Labor Standards 
Act litigation, the courts have dealt only with agency authority to 
enforce the hours of service limits. The [1935 Act], however, authorizes 
regulations addressing a wider variety of safety problems, and we 
believe that the jurisdictional principles set forth by the courts would 
apply to them as well, e.g., to the medical qualifications of drivers.''
    FMCSA takes this occasion to reaffirm the view expressed in the 
Acting Deputy Administrator's 2001 letter that the Agency has 
jurisdiction over motor carriers, vehicles, and drivers for a 4-month 
period after a trip in interstate commerce. However, records must be 
retained for whatever period is required by the FMCSRs, even if that 
period exceeds 4 months.
    Later in this interpretive rule, FMCSA explains the applicability of 
existing statutes and regulations in a question and answer format to 
clarify the conditions under which highway transportation of passengers 
by CMV within a single State would constitute interstate commerce if the 
passengers are beginning a trip to, or completing a trip from, a point 
outside the State by another

[[Page 475]]

mode of transportation (e.g., aircraft, railroad, or vessel). It is 
FMCSA's legal position for purposes of enforcement jurisdiction and 
motor carrier registration requirements, that, if a passenger plans a 
trip involving more than one mode of transportation that begins and ends 
in different States or a place outside the United States and has 
prearranged the CMV portion of the trip, as demonstrated by an advance 
guarantee for the service, all transportation during the trip is in 
interstate commerce, because the passenger prearranged the 
transportation with persistent intent of continuous interstate movement 
throughout the trip. Additional prearranged side trips or excursions 
made before the trip begins or while traveling in interstate commerce 
are included as part of the flow of interstate commerce. However, if the 
passenger has made no arrangement for transportation and upon arriving 
at an airport, port, or railway station, makes arrangements for 
transportation, that later-arranged transportation is not a continuation 
of the trip and is not in interstate commerce. Prearrangement in 
multimodal transportation of a passenger is an important consideration 
in determining interstate commerce because it can establish the 
passenger's intent about travel and provide a clear linkage of continual 
transportation segments. When one such segment is interstate in nature, 
all linked transportation segments are in the stream of interstate 
commerce.

                  ``For Compensation'' and ``For-Hire''

    FMCSA's safety jurisdiction, except in the CDL regulations, is 
circumscribed by the definition of commercial motor vehicle in 49 U.S.C. 
31132(1). Under section 31132(1), a commercial motor vehicle is defined, 
in part, as a vehicle used to transport passengers or property in 
interstate commerce that when transporting passengers has either been 
designed or is actually used to transport more than 8 passengers and 
payment is received. The statute also includes in the commercial motor 
vehicle definition any passenger carrying vehicle designed or actually 
used to transport more than 15 passengers regardless of whether 
compensation is received. In each definition, the total number of 
passengers always includes the driver. (49 U.S.C. 31132(1)(B)-(C)). 
Furthermore, a motor carrier registering for commercial operating 
authority under 49 U.S.C. 13902 is governed by the definition of motor 
carrier in 49 U.S.C. 13102(14), i.e., a person providing motor vehicle 
transportation for compensation.
    The FMCSRs incorporate ``compensation'' into the definition of for-
hire motor carrier, which the rules treat as ``a person engaged in the 
transportation of goods or passengers for compensation'' (Sec. Sec.  
390.5T and 390.5). In a notice of interpretation published on May 7, 
1993, FHWA provided an expansive interpretation of ``compensation,'' 
stating that compensation includes both direct and indirect payment. In 
addition, FHWA said certain nonbusiness organizations, including 
churches and charities, operate as for-hire passenger carriers when they 
engage in chartered operations, charging a fee (58 FR 27328, 27329). The 
notice clarified that certain businesses, including hotels and car 
rental agencies operating shuttle bus services, and outdoor recreation 
operations such as whitewater rafting outfits and scuba diving schools 
transporting patrons to or from a recreation site, constitute for-hire 
motor carriage of passengers. ``Compensation'' as used in the context of 
a business enterprise includes both direct and indirect payment for the 
transportation service provided. It need not mean ``for profit.''
    This policy was repeated in slightly different form in regulatory 
guidance published on November 17, 1993 (58 FR 60734, 60745) and April 
4, 1997 (62 FR 16370, 16407). (More information about this matter can be 
found in Question 10 under regulatory guidance for Sec.  390.5 on the 
FMCSA website, https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/does-fmcsa-define-
hire-transportation-passengers-same-former-icc-did-0.) This position was 
also reiterated in a final rule on private motor carriers of passengers 
(59 FR 8748, Feb. 23, 1994), which adopted certain exceptions for 
``private motor carriers of passengers (business)'' (now codified at 49 
CFR 391.69) and ``private motor carriers of passengers (nonbusiness)'' 
(49 CFR 391.68).
    ``Compensation,'' as used in the definition of for-hire motor 
carrier in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, includes both direct and 
indirect payments. Companies providing intercity motorcoach service are 
directly compensated, while hotels, car rental companies, parking 
facilities, and other businesses that offer shuttle bus service are 
indirectly compensated because they add the cost of that service to 
their room rates, car rental rates, etc. By statute, most taxicab 
service is not subject to the requirement to obtain commercial operating 
authority registration (49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(2)) or to maintain minimum 
levels of financial responsibility (49 U.S.C. 31138(e)(2), Sec.  
387.27(b)(2)). In addition, most taxis are not subject to the FMCSRs 
because their designed passenger capacity is below nine and their GVW is 
too low to make them CMVs under Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5.
    Passenger transportation is either for-hire or private. Unless 
exempted by statute or regulation, for-hire motor carriers must obtain 
operating authority registration under 49 U.S.C. 13902 before engaging 
in interstate transportation. While a passenger carrier may provide both 
for-hire and private transportation, a specific trip is either for-hire 
or private depending upon the presence or absence of direct or indirect 
compensation.

[[Page 476]]

Though private passenger transportation is not available to the public 
at large, for-hire transportation service may or may not be available to 
the general public. Compensation is the primary factor that determines 
for-hire transportation. An entity that is nonbusiness, nonprofit, or 
not-for-profit, is nevertheless engaged in for-hire passenger 
transportation when it receives compensation for such transportation. 
Compensation may come in many forms including donations, gifts, gas 
money, offerings, etc. received for transportation. The question of 
whether an operation is for-hire should not be conflated, however, with 
the distinction required to determine whether a private passenger 
carrier's operation is business or non-business. In those cases, the 
Agency has already determined that the operation is not for-hire.

                                Vanpools

    In an interim final rule published on September 3, 1999 (64 FR 
48510), FHWA qualified its previous expansive interpretation of 
``compensation'' as applied to vanpools. In short, FHWA took the 
position that Congress never intended for commuter vanpools arranged and 
operated by groups of people trying to get to work, not attempting to 
start a commuter transportation side business, to be subject to federal 
regulation. Accordingly, FHWA affirmatively stated that the Agency had 
no intention to regulate vanpools created for the convenience of the 
passengers, not for financial gain in running a commuter transportation 
business. Because FHWA considered the term ``for compensation'' to be 
equivalent to ``for hire'', the Agency recognized that payments 
passengers made into a vanpool to cover vehicle expenses could be 
considered compensation subjecting the vanpool operator to government 
regulation. FHWA ultimately decided that as long as funds contributed to 
the vanpool were not used as a source of income or to grow a commuter 
transportation business, then the operation should not be regulated as a 
for-hire motor carrier of passengers. (See 64 FR 48514).
    A few months later, Sec. 212 of the Motor Carrier Safety Improvement 
Act of 1999 (MCSIA) (Pub. L. 106-159, 113 Stat. 1748,1766, Dec. 9, 1999) 
established FMCSA and directed the Agency to decide whether all motor 
carriers operating, smaller vehicles designed or used for 9 to 15 
passengers, receiving payment for transportation should be covered by 
all of the FMCSRs. But the statute added another provision specifically 
directing FMCSA not to exempt all motor carrier operations in smaller 
vehicles, those designed or used for 9 to 15 passengers, for hire when 
making its decision about the scope of FMCSR applicability. (113 Stat. 
1766). In the preamble of the notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to 
implement that mandate, published on January 11, 2001 (66 FR 2767), 
FMCSA proposed to focus on small passenger carriers operating for direct 
compensation, stating that these operators were ``identified as having 
significant deficiencies in their safety management controls for their 
drivers and vehicles'' and pose ``a serious safety risk to the motoring 
public'' (66 FR 2768). The final rule reaffirmed this position and 
adopted the regulatory changes from the NPRM largely as proposed. (68 FR 
47860, Aug. 12, 2003).
    In view of the varied and sometimes inconsistent \3\ regulatory 
guidance on ``compensation'' issued in the past, FMCSA takes this 
opportunity to clarify and explain its implementation of the statutory 
and regulatory requirements applicable to operations conducted in 
vehicles designed or used to transport between 9 and 15 passengers. 
Pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 31132(1)(B) and (C), a vehicle designed or used to 
transport between 9 and 15 passengers (counting the driver as a 
passenger) may not be a CMV for purposes of the FMCSRs unless it is used 
to transport passengers ``for compensation'' or has a GVW or GVWR of 
10,001 pounds or greater. Similarly, under 49 U.S.C. 31132(1)(C), a 
vehicle designed or used to transport more than 15 passengers (including 
the driver) is a CMV even if it is ``not used to transport passengers 
for compensation.'' The term ``compensation'' is, therefore, 
jurisdictional. If a vehicle is designed and used to transport more than 
8, but fewer than 16 passengers, and has a GVW and GVWR of less than 
10,001 pounds, without ``compensation,'' it is not a CMV, and FMCSA has 
no safety jurisdiction over it.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \3\ Cf. 66 FR 2756, 2761 (final rule revising Sec.  390.3(f)(6), 
among other changes) and 66 FR 2767, 2768 (NPRM proposing revisions to 
Sec.  390.3(f)(6), among other changes), both Jan. 11, 2001 (providing 
different interpretations of how direct and indirect compensation apply 
to the exception in Sec.  390.3(f)(6)).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This issue is particularly critical for vanpools. Although payment 
is compensation, FMCSA decided that the intent of Congress is not to 
recognize the money collected in a vanpool as compensation unless the 
revenue amount is required to be reported to the Internal Revenue 
Service (IRS), pursuant to 26 U.S.C. 1402(b) and 132(f). It is also 
important to recognize that although previously characterized as an 
exemption in policy and preamble statements, Congress never promulgated, 
and the Agency never adopted, a regulatory exemption for vanpool 
operations.
    Consistent with prior statements regarding the applicability of the 
FMCSRs, and to remain consistent with congressional intent, the Agency 
is not changing its position.

[[Page 477]]

Therefore, FMCSA will not pursue enforcement against commuter vanpool 
operations when all the following conditions are met: (1) the motor 
vehicle is operated by individuals traveling to and from work 
transporting other individuals as part of a daily commute to and from 
work in an interstate, single daily round trip; (2) the motor vehicle is 
designed and used to carry no more than 15 individuals (including the 
driver); (3) the GVW and GVWR is less than 10,001 pounds; and (4) the 
money received by the vanpool operator for transportation is not 
reported to the IRS, pursuant to 26 U.S.C. 1402(b) and 132(f), or is not 
deemed reportable by an IRS investigation under the same provisions.
    FMCSA recognizes that this guidance has compliance implications for 
motor carriers that previously considered themselves not subject to 
certain Agency requirements because such carriers mistakenly believed 
their passenger transportation operations were in intrastate commerce 
only, not for-hire, and/or otherwise exempt. It should be emphasized, 
however, that while for-hire motor carriers operating in interstate 
commerce must obtain both commercial operating authority registration 
(no matter how small or light the vehicle(s) used, unless exempted), and 
safety registration under 49 U.S.C. 31134,\4\ the safety regulations 
apply only to motor carriers (private and for-hire) operating in 
interstate commerce that use vehicles that qualify as commercial motor 
vehicles, as defined in 49 U.S.C. 31132(1) and Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 
390.5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \4\ All initial registrations by new applicants must use the Unified 
Registration System online registration application. See https://
portal.fmcsa.dot.gov/UrsRegistrationWizard/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The following examples show the real-world implications and 
interactions of ``interstate commerce,'' ``CMV,'' ``compensation,'' 
``for-hire,'' and ``private'' carriage, and a variety of regulatory 
exemptions and exceptions. These examples are arranged in topical 
categories. The first provides guidance on the meaning of ``interstate 
commerce.'' All subsequent examples provide guidance in three regulatory 
applicability contexts, specifically (1) operating authority 
registration, (2) minimum level of financial responsibility, and (3) 
general safety regulatory jurisdiction.

                     III. Specific Example Scenarios

    In determining the scope of FMCSA's jurisdiction for each of the 
following specific scenarios the analytical framework described early in 
this notice is employed. Specifically, for each scenario, the Agency 
considered whether the operation falls within FMCSA's jurisdiction based 
on the various statutory definitions, and, if so, whether any statutory 
or regulatory exemption limits the applicability of the FMCSRs. Again, 
should new scenarios arise in the future, the same analytical framework 
would be employed to determine whether a specific operation is subject 
to FMCSA's oversight.
    In this section, FMCSA demonstrates the applicability of the FMCSRs 
to motor carriers of passengers operating in interstate commerce by 
providing example scenarios grouped into six categories below. Some of 
the analysis provided in response to these example scenarios cites to 
regulatory sections that FMCSA designated as temporary sections in a 
final rule published on January 17, 2017 (82 FR 5292). FMCSA notes that, 
to the extent the language between the suspended section and the 
temporary section is substantively the same, this guidance would also 
apply to the corresponding language in the suspended section once the 
suspension is lifted and the temporary section is eliminated, just as 
the pre-existing guidance for the now-suspended sections was applied to 
the corresponding language of the temporary sections that were 
substantively the same.

             Passengers Using Multiple Transportation Modes

    Scenario 1: A couple plans an interstate trip, for vacation. They 
hire a limousine to transport them from their residence to an airport, 
with a final destination out of state. This highway transportation is 
within a single State. The aircraft transports the couple to another 
State. After landing and obtaining checked baggage, the couple boards a 
mini-bus, which they reserved while planning the trip from their home, 
that transports them within the second State to a waterway port. The 
couple boards a cruise ship that transports them to foreign island 
countries.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire transportation by motor 
vehicle as a part of continuous interstate movement. Because the 
transportation was prearranged, both the limousine operator and the 
mini-bus operator may be required to comply with some if not all of the 
FMCSRs. Assuming prearrangement, both operators would require operating 
authority registration under 49 CFR part 365, subpart A, unless the 
``incident to air travel'' exemption at 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A) and 
Sec.  372.117(a) applied. (See Scenario 3 below.) If the vehicles are 
CMVs under either the MCSA or the CMVSA, then the respective safety 
regulations, including the registration and applicable safety 
requirements in 49 CFR parts 390 through 399, and/or the CDL and drug 
and alcohol testing regulations in parts 382 and 383, would apply to the 
operations.
    If a passenger plans a trip involving more than one mode of 
transportation that begins and ends in different States or a place 
outside the United States, and has prearranged the CMV portion of the 
trip, secured by an

[[Page 478]]

advance guarantee demonstrating an obligation by the passenger to take 
the service and the motor carrier to provide the service, all 
transportation during the trip is in interstate commerce because the 
passenger prearranged the transportation with fixed and persistent 
intent of continuous interstate movement throughout the trip. Additional 
prearranged side trips or excursions made before the trip begins or 
while traveling in interstate commerce are included as part of the flow 
of interstate commerce. However, if the passenger has made no 
arrangement for transportation upon arriving at an airport, waterway 
port, or railway station, and then makes arrangements for 
transportation, that transportation is not a continuation of the trip 
and is not in interstate commerce.
    Scenario 2: A company offering sightseeing tours operates buses 
designed to transport more than 15 passengers including the driver. It 
picks up cruise ship passengers at a port of call, takes them to nearby 
attractions, and returns them to the ship. The bus tour does not cross 
State lines, but all cruises originate in another State or foreign 
country. The cruise passengers book and pay for the bus tour before 
starting, or during, the cruise. The passenger transportation is not 
confined to a commercial zone.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire transportation by a 
commercial motor vehicle as a part of continuous interstate movement. 
FMCSA's position is that the company is a motor carrier subject to all 
applicable FMCSRs, including parts 350 through 399, and it must have 
registered by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 subpart A and 
part 390 subpart E. In addition, the company is operating a CMV, as 
defined in Sec.  383.5, designed to transport 16 or more passengers. The 
bus driver must therefore hold a valid CDL with the applicable 
endorsement(s) and must comply with the drug and alcohol testing 
regulations in part 382.
    In this instance, it is clear that the passengers prearranged the 
sightseeing tour and intended to continue in interstate transportation. 
Because the company is operating a commercial motor vehicle, a for-hire 
passenger vehicle with a seating capacity of at least 16 in interstate 
commerce, the company is required under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 to 
obtain and maintain $5 million of financial responsibility and to file 
evidence of the same with FMCSA.
    Prearranged intrastate highway transportation occurring during an 
interstate trip is in the stream of interstate commerce, exactly like 
prearranged highway transportation immediately before or after an 
interstate trip. The fixed and persistent intent of the cruise ship 
passengers to travel by bus as part of the interstate cruise was 
demonstrated by their advance booking of the bus tour.
    Scenario 3: While planning a trip, a person goes online, books an 
airline flight to a city in another State, and reserves a rental car in 
that city. The car rental company is located near the airport, and it 
offers shuttle bus service between the terminal and the facility where 
its customers can pick up and drop off cars. The shuttle does not 
require a reservation. The car rental company always has at least one 
shuttle vehicle circulating between the airport and its parking lot 
during business hours. All shuttle vehicles have a GVWR of 10,001 pounds 
or more and are designed to transport 16 or more passengers (including 
the driver). All shuttle operations are (1) conducted on roads and 
highways that are open to public travel, and (2) confined to a zone 
encompassed by a 25-mile radius of the boundary of the airport.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire transportation by a CMV 
as a part of continuous interstate movement, though limited exemptions 
apply. The company operates CMVs, as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 
390.5, for hire in interstate commerce, and the company is a motor 
carrier subject to all applicable FMCSRs, including parts 350 through 
399, and it must register by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 390 
subpart E. In addition, the company is operating a passenger-carrying 
CMV designed to transport 16 or more passengers, as defined in Sec.  
383.5. The bus driver must hold a valid CDL with the applicable 
endorsement(s) and comply with the drug and alcohol testing regulations 
in 49 CFR part 382.
    Nonetheless, the company is not required to obtain operating 
authority registration. The shuttle service qualifies for the exemption 
from operating authority in 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A) and Sec.  
372.117(a) for the transportation of passengers by motor vehicle that is 
(1) incidental to the transportation by aircraft, (2) limited to the 
transportation of passengers who have had or will have an immediately 
prior or subsequent movement by air, and (3) confined to a zone 
encompassed by a 25-mile radius of the boundary of the airport. Although 
the shuttle service, unlike the airline or rental car reservation, is 
not explicitly prearranged, it is in the stream of interstate commerce 
because customers expect and intend to utilize the service wherever a 
rental facility is not within walking distance of the airport terminal.
    Though operating authority registration is not required, the company 
is operating passenger vehicles with a seating capacity of at least 16 
for hire in interstate commerce and, accordingly, is required under 
Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 to maintain $5 million of financial 
responsibility.

                 Hotel Related Passenger Transportation

    Scenario 1: A hotel in Cincinnati, OH offers a courtesy van to take 
its guests to and from

[[Page 479]]

the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport in KY. The van is 
designed to transport 15 passengers, including the driver, and has a GVW 
and GVWR of less than 10,000 pounds. All passenger transportation occurs 
within a zone encompassed by a 25-mile radius of the boundary of the 
airport.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire transportation by a CMV 
as a part of continuous interstate movement, though some exemptions 
apply. Though the safety regulations apply to transportation in a CMV 
within a single State if the transportation is a continuation of 
interstate transportation, the hotel's van operation is eligible for the 
limited exception to safety regulation applicability in Sec. Sec.  
390.3T(f)(6) and 390.3(f)(6) based on the size of the vehicle and how 
compensation is received. The hotel's van is designed and used to 
transport 9 to 15 passengers (including the driver), and payment for 
transportation is not received directly. If the hotel complies with the 
applicable provisions listed in Sec. Sec.  390.3T(f)(6) and 390.3(f)(6), 
then this passenger transportation is compliant with the safety 
regulations contained in 49 CFR parts 350 through 399. Because the 
vehicle is a CMV under Sec.  390.5 and the limited exception does not 
exempt the hotel from USDOT registration requirements, the hotel must 
register by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 390 subpart E. The 
hotel's 15-passenger van is not a CMV under Sec.  383.5, therefore 
drivers of these vehicles are not required to have CDLs and are not 
subject to the drug and alcohol testing regulations in 49 CFR part 382.
    Operating authority registration under 49 CFR part 365, subpart A, 
however, is not required. The hotel is providing service subject to the 
exemption in 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A) and Sec.  372.117(a). The hotel's 
shuttle transportation of passengers is (1) incidental to transportation 
by aircraft, (2) limited to the transportation of passengers who have 
had an immediately prior or will have an immediately subsequent movement 
by air, and (3) confined to a zone encompassed by a 25-mile radius of 
the boundary of the airport at which the passengers arrive or depart. 
The hotel does not meet the exemption requirements of 49 U.S.C. 
13506(a)(3) for a motor vehicle owned or operated by or for a hotel and 
only transporting hotel patrons between the hotel and the ``local 
station of a carrier.'' The definition of carrier within this exemption 
means motor carrier, water carrier and freight forwarder but does not 
include air carrier. 49 U.S.C. 13102(3). However, the hotel only needs 
to meet the requirements of one exemption to not be subject to operating 
authority registration.
    The hotel is providing indirectly compensated, for-hire 
transportation of passengers in interstate commerce in a vehicle with a 
seating capacity of 15 and is required under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 
387.33 to maintain $1.5 million of financial responsibility.
    Scenario 2: A hotel in Winchester, VA, located 12 miles outside of 
the zone encompassed by a 25-mile radius of the boundary of Washington 
Dulles International Airport, offers a courtesy van to take its guests 
to and from the airport in Dulles, VA. The van is designed to transport 
15 passengers, including the driver, and has a GVW and GVWR of less than 
10,000 pounds.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire transportation by a CMV 
as a part of continuous interstate movement, though some exemptions 
apply. Though the hotel is providing interstate transportation in a CMV, 
a 9 to 15 passenger vehicle operated for compensation, the hotel's van 
operation is eligible for the limited exception to regulatory 
applicability in Sec. Sec.  390.3T(f)(6) and 390.3(f)(6).
    This exemption does not relieve the hotel of the requirements in 49 
CFR part 365 for operating authority registration. The hotel is 
providing interstate for-hire transportation (the costs for operating 
the shuttle van are included in the cost of the room, as an amenity) 
outside the zone that would qualify it for the incidental to air travel 
exemption within 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(8)(A) and Sec.  372.117(a). Also, 
the hotel's transportation does not meet the exemption requirements of 
49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(3) for a motor vehicle owned or operated by or for a 
hotel and only transporting hotel patrons between the hotel and the 
local station of a carrier. The definition of carrier applicable to this 
exemption, at 49 U.S.C. 13102(3), does not include air carrier. The 
hotel must register by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 
subpart A and part 390 subpart E. The hotel is also required under 
Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 to obtain, file, and maintain $1.5 million 
of financial responsibility.
    The hotel's 15-passenger van is not a CMV under Sec.  383.5. 
Therefore, drivers of these vehicles are not required to have CDLs and 
are not subject to the drug and alcohol testing regulations in 49 CFR 
part 382.

                Employer Related Passenger Transportation

    Scenario 1: A commercial building cleaning company owns and operates 
15-passenger vans to transport its employees to client locations to 
perform cleaning services. The employer is located close to a State 
boundary, and employees are transported into a neighboring State. When 
employees are transported outside a specified distance from the 
company's single office location, the employer provides the 
transportation free of charge. However, when employees are transported 
wholly within the specified distance, the employer charges each employee 
a transportation fee and deducts that amount from the employee's pay. 
Most of this employee transportation is outside the commercial

[[Page 480]]

zone of the municipality where the company's office is located and where 
passenger transportation originates. All of the company's drivers and 
vehicles are at some point involved in interstate passenger 
transportation outside the commercial zone.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire transportation by a CMV 
as a part of continuous interstate movement, though some exemptions 
apply. The company is operating 15-passenger vans for compensation in 
interstate commerce, satisfying the definition of a CMV under Sec.  
390.5. Accordingly, the company must comply with the applicable 
regulations in 49 CFR parts 350 through 399. Because the employer 
charges each employee a transportation fee and deducts that amount from 
the employee's pay, the compensation is direct, and the company 
therefore does not qualify for the limited exception in Sec. Sec.  
390.3T(f)(6) and 390.3(f)(6) for 9 to 15 passenger-carrying CMVs 
operated not for direct compensation.
    There are no exemptions to the commercial regulatory requirements 
for this interstate, for-hire motor vehicle operation. The company must 
register by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 subpart A and 
part 390 subpart E. The company is also required to obtain, maintain, 
and file financial responsibility of $1.5 million, as required under 
Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33.
    The drivers of these 15-passenger vans, however, are not required to 
have CDLs and are not subject to employer conducted controlled 
substances and alcohol testing because the vehicles are not CMVs as 
defined in Sec.  383.5. Although the drivers are not required to hold a 
valid CDL, they are subject to the general driver qualification 
regulations in part 391, including the requirements to be medically 
examined and certified in accordance with Sec. Sec.  391.41, 391.43, and 
391.45.
    Scenario 2: A construction company owns and operates a bus designed 
to transport more than 15 passengers including the driver. The bus 
transports employees to work sites and does not charge a fee for the 
transportation. At the request of its employees, the company uses the 
bus on a Saturday during the summer to provide round-trip transportation 
for interested employees to an amusement park in a neighboring State. 
This trip is open only to employees and people the employees invite. The 
company collects money from each passenger. The transportation is not 
confined within a commercial zone.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire interstate transportation 
by a CMV as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5. The transportation 
is subject to all the applicable regulations in 49 CFR parts 350 through 
399. The company must register for operating authority registration and 
USDOT number registration by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 
subpart A and part 390 subpart E. In addition, the bus is also a CMV as 
defined in 49 CFR 383.5, and the driver must hold a valid CDL with a 
Passenger endorsement and must comply with the drug and alcohol testing 
regulations in 49 CFR part 382.
    If the company operates its CMV in interstate commerce only on rare 
occasions, FMCSA has jurisdiction over the company, such vehicle, and 
the driver of such vehicle for a 4-month period after a trip in 
interstate commerce. However, records must be retained for whatever 
period is required by the FMCSRs, even if that period exceeds 4 months.
    Operating authority registration is required in this scenario only 
because the construction company provided a trip for compensation to the 
amusement park in another State. Operating authority registration would 
not be necessary if the company limited its transportation to the free 
transportation provided for employees to travel to work sites.
    Finally, because the company operates passenger vehicles with a 
seating capacity of at least 16 in interstate commerce, it must maintain 
financial responsibility of at least $5 million, as required under 
Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33. As long as the company is engaged in for-
hire operations, evidence of financial responsibility must be maintained 
on file with FMCSA.

               Education-Related Passenger Transportation

    Scenario 1: A non-profit organization conducts educational tours 
with 15-passenger vans. All tours can be booked as part of a classroom 
course, or as a stand-alone tour. Each tour crosses either a State or 
international border, beyond a commercial zone. Passengers pay a single, 
inclusive of transportation fee whether they book a tour or a tour 
combined with a classroom lecture. The 15-passenger vans have a GVWR and 
actual GVW under 10,000 pounds.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire transportation by a CMV 
as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, as a part of continuous 
interstate movement. The vans used by this organization are CMVs under 
Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5 because they have a passenger capacity of 
more than eight and are used to transport passengers for compensation in 
interstate commerce. However, the organization is eligible for the 
limited exception to regulatory applicability in Sec. Sec.  390.3T(f)(6) 
and 390.3(f)(6) because (1) the vans are designed or used to transport 
between 9 and 15 passengers, (2) the organization does not receive 
direct compensation, and (3) the vans meet none of the alternative 
definitions of a CMV such as a GVW or GVWR of 10,001 pounds or more. The 
drivers of these vans do not need CDLs because the vehicles are not CMVs 
under Sec.  383.5; both their passenger capacity and weight are below 
the applicable thresholds. For the same reasons, the drivers of these 
vans are not subject to the drug and alcohol

[[Page 481]]

testing regulations in 49 CFR part 382. The organization must register 
by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 subpart A and part 390 
subpart E because the operations clearly included interstate 
transportation for compensation in a motor vehicle and no exemptions 
from FMCSA's commercial regulatory authority apply.
    The organization transports passengers across State lines and 
includes the cost of transportation in a flat rate fee. Its non-profit 
status is irrelevant. A carrier that receives compensation, even 
indirect compensation, is providing for-hire service, and, because the 
carrier operates beyond a commercial zone, it must obtain operating 
authority registration from FMCSA. This organization is not a youth or 
family camp, and the statutory exemption from operating authority 
registration for such camps that provide recreational or educational 
activities therefore does not apply. Further, the organization is 
engaged only in educational activities. Therefore, the exemption for 
providers of recreational activities does not apply.
    Because the organization operates passenger vehicles with a seating 
capacity of 15 or fewer for hire in interstate commerce, the 
organization is required under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 to obtain, 
maintain, and file evidence of, $1.5 million of financial 
responsibility.
    Scenario 2: A school bus contractor is hired by a school district to 
transport high school athletes, faculty, and volunteers to and from an 
athletic competition in another State on a single day. During the 
following week, the same school bus contractor is hired by the same 
school district to transport elementary school students and faculty to 
and from a historic site in another State for an educational tour. The 
school bus used by the contractor is designed to transport more than 15 
passengers including the driver.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire interstate transportation 
by a CMV as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, however, some 
exemptions may apply. The contractor is not eligible for the exception 
for ``school bus operations'' in Sec. Sec.  390.3T(f)(1) and 390.3(f)(1) 
because the operations are defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5 as the 
transportation of school children and/or personnel ``from home to school 
and from school to home.'' In this scenario, the students and faculty 
gather at the school and are transported, not from and to home, but from 
the school premises to out-of-State venues and then back to the school 
premises. The school bus contractor must obtain safety registration and 
a USDOT number under 49 U.S.C. 31134. The contractor must register by 
following the procedures in 49 CFR part 390 subpart E. In addition, the 
contractor is operating a school bus with a passenger capacity of at 
least 16, which also meets the definition of CMV under Sec.  383.5. The 
drivers of the school buses must therefore hold CDLs with the applicable 
endorsements, and the employer of such drivers must administer a drug 
and alcohol testing program in compliance with part 382.
    Although both examples of the school bus contractor's passenger 
transportation are for-hire in interstate commerce, the contractor is 
not required to obtain operating authority registration. In this 
scenario the contractor is engaged in transportation to or from school, 
and the transportation is organized, sponsored, and paid for by the 
school district. The regulatory exception in Sec.  372.103 and the 
statutory exemption in 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(1) both apply to each type of 
passenger transportation conducted by the school bus contractor in this 
scenario.
    Likewise, the school bus contractor qualifies for the exception in 
Sec.  387.27(b)(4) because it is a motor carrier operating under 
contract providing transportation of preprimary, primary, and secondary 
students for extra-curricular trips organized, sponsored, and paid for 
by a school district. Accordingly, the contractor is not required to 
comply with Federal financial responsibility requirements.
    Scenario 3: A private university transports only student athletes 
and university employees to games, sometimes in other States, in 
university-owned buses, which are designed to transport more than 15 
passengers including the driver. The passenger transportation is 
financed by an allotment in the university athletic department's budget.
    Guidance: This scenario describes interstate transportation by a CMV 
as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, however, some exemptions may 
apply. The private university is a private motor carrier of passengers 
(business) operating CMVs, as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, in 
interstate commerce. The private university fits within this definition 
because the financing of passenger transportation comes from a 
university budget source, not from payments or charges for 
transportation either directly or embedded in other tuition and fees. 
The transportation is only available to students and university 
employees, not the public at large. Private universities typically 
operate as commercial enterprises, as the passenger transportation to 
sporting events is in furtherance of the university's business and are 
an element of the institution's operations. Thus, transportation of 
students and faculty is in furtherance of its commercial purpose. The 
possible absence of ticket sales to sporting event spectators does not 
affect the commercial nature of the enterprise.
    Except as noted in the next paragraph, the transportation is subject 
to the requirements of 49 CFR parts 350 through 399 relevant to 
passenger carrier operations. The university must register by following 
the procedures in 49 CFR part 390 subpart E. In addition, the private 
university's bus is a

[[Page 482]]

CMV as defined in Sec.  383.5, and the driver must hold a valid CDL with 
a Passenger endorsement and be enrolled in a drug and alcohol testing 
program consistent with 49 CFR part 382.
    There is a regulatory exception in Sec.  391.69, however, from 
certain driver qualification requirements relating to applications for 
employment, investigations and inquiries, and road tests for single-
employer drivers employed by a private motor carrier of passengers 
(business). Additionally, private motor carriers of passengers 
(business) may also continue to operate older buses manufactured before 
Federal fuel system requirements were adopted, provided the fuel system 
is maintained to the original manufacturer's standards (Sec.  
393.67(a)(6)).
    Because the private university is operating as a private motor 
carrier of passengers (business) it is not required to have operating 
authority registration. The operation is not for-hire because the 
private university does not receive payment for transportation services. 
Though in this scenario the transportation is not for-hire, it is 
important to reiterate that an entity's tax-exempt or non-profit status 
does not determine whether its passenger transportation is for-hire or 
private. Currently, Federal financial responsibility requirements do not 
apply to operations by private motor carriers of passengers (business).
    Scenario 4: A private high school owns and operates buses to 
transport students, baseball team members, and faculty to games in 
another State. One vehicle is a school bus with a capacity of 48 
passengers. Two other vehicles are mini-buses designed to transport 26 
passengers including the driver, and one other vehicle is a van designed 
to transport 15 passengers including the driver. The school does not 
transport students from home to school or vice versa. The passenger 
transportation is financed by an allotment in the school's athletic 
department budget.
    Guidance: This scenario describes some interstate transportation by 
a CMV as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, however, some 
exemptions may apply. This scenario also describes some transportation 
outside the scope of FMCSA jurisdiction. The private high school is a 
private motor carrier of passengers (business) operating CMVs, as 
defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, in interstate commerce. The 
private high school fits within this definition because the financing of 
passenger transportation is from a general high school budget source, so 
there is no compensation for the transportation. The transportation is 
only available to students and school employees, not the public at 
large. Private schools typically operate as commercial enterprises as 
the passenger transportation to sporting events is in furtherance of the 
school's business, including its athletic activities which are an 
element of the institution's operations. Thus, transportation of 
students and faculty is in furtherance of its commercial purpose. The 
possible absence of ticket sales to sporting event spectators does not 
affect the commercial nature of the enterprise.
    The transportation in larger vehicles is subject to the requirements 
of 49 CFR parts 350 through 399 relevant to passenger carrier 
operations. The school must register by following the procedures in 49 
CFR part 390 subpart E. Because the private high school is a private 
motor carrier of passengers (business), not providing interstate 
transportation for compensation, it is not required to have operating 
authority registration under 49 CFR part 365. Whether the private high 
school is tax-exempt or has a non-profit status does not determine 
whether its passenger transportation is for-hire or private. The school 
is not required to comply with Federal financial responsibility 
requirements.
    In addition, other than the van, the private high school's vehicles 
are CMVs as defined in 49 CFR 383.5, and the drivers of these vehicles 
must have CDLs with Passenger endorsements and be enrolled in a drug and 
alcohol testing program consistent with 49 CFR part 382.
    The van is not a CMV because it is designed to transport 15 
passengers including the driver and it is not transporting passengers 
for compensation. A vehicle is considered a CMV only if it is used to 
transport 16 or more passengers in interstate commerce, regardless of 
the nature of compensation; or if is used to transport 9 to 15 
passengers including the driver for compensation in interstate commerce.
    There is a regulatory exception in Sec.  391.69, however, from 
certain driver qualification requirements relating to applications for 
employment, investigations and inquiries, and road tests for single-
employer drivers employed by a private motor carrier of passengers 
(business). Additionally, private motor carriers of passengers 
(business) may continue to operate older buses manufactured before 
Federal fuel system requirements were adopted, provided the fuel system 
is maintained to the original manufacturer's standards (Sec.  
393.67(a)(6)).

         Faith-Based Organizations and Passenger Transportation

    FMCSA frequently receives questions from religious and secular 
organizations regarding passenger-carrying vehicles the organizations 
own and use to transport their members and guests. The scenarios 
presented below are illustrative examples; the same principles apply to 
secular groups with similar operations.
    Scenario 1: To raise funds, a faith-based organization organizes a 
one-time trip to an amusement park in a neighboring State. The 
organization advertises the trip on its

[[Page 483]]

website and in various public places such as grocery stores, libraries, 
etc., making the trip open to the public. A per-person fee will cover 
admission to the amusement park and round-trip transportation. The 
faith-based organization will use its own bus, which is designed to 
transport more than 15 passengers including the driver. A group member 
is the volunteer bus driver. The passenger transportation is not 
confined to a commercial zone.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire interstate transportation 
by a CMV. The faith-based organization's bus is a CMV, as defined in 
Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, operating for-hire in interstate commerce, 
and the organization is a motor carrier subject to all applicable 
FMCSRs, including parts 350 through 399. In addition, the faith-based 
organization is operating a passenger-carrying CMV, as defined in Sec.  
383.5 because it is designed to transport 16 or more passengers; the 
driver of the organization's bus must therefore hold a valid CDL with a 
Passenger endorsement and comply with the drug and alcohol testing 
regulations in part 382.
    The organization must register by following the procedures in 49 CFR 
part 365 subpart A regarding operating authority registration and part 
390 subpart E regarding USDOT number registration, because it is 
receiving compensation for transportation in interstate commerce. No 
exemptions apply to this operation.
    The faith-based organization is operating a passenger vehicle with a 
seating capacity of at least 16, for-hire in interstate commerce and is 
therefore required under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 to maintain $5 
million of financial responsibility.
    Scenario 2: A faith-based organization owns a bus which it uses to 
transport some of its members to an associated organization in another 
State. It suggests participating members contribute money to help cover 
the fuel expense. The bus is designed to transport more than 15 
passengers including the driver. The transportation of the faith-based 
organization members is not confined to a commercial zone.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire interstate transportation 
by a CMV. The faith-based organization's bus is a CMV, as defined in 
Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, operating in interstate commerce, and the 
organization is a motor carrier subject to all applicable FMCSRs, 
including parts 350 through 399. In addition, the faith-based 
organization is operating a passenger-carrying CMV, as defined in Sec.  
383.5 because it is designed to transport 16 or more passengers; the 
driver of the organization's bus must therefore hold a valid CDL with a 
Passenger endorsement and comply with the drug and alcohol testing 
regulations in part 382.
    The money provided from the organization's members for the trip 
constitutes direct compensation. Any type of compensation for providing 
a passenger transportation service makes the faith-based organization a 
for-hire motor carrier of passengers. The organization must register by 
following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 subpart A regarding 
operating authority registration and part 390 subpart E regarding USDOT 
number registration.
    The faith-based organization is using a bus with a seating capacity 
of 16 or more to transport passengers for hire in interstate commerce 
and is thus required under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 to maintain 
financial responsibility of at least $5 million. The monetary 
contribution requested of each passenger constitutes compensation, 
making the faith-based organization a for-hire motor carrier.
    Scenario 3: A faith-based organization sponsors a trip for its 
members to an amusement park in a neighboring State. The trip is 
announced in the organization's newsletters, but not advertised to the 
general public. Group members may invite friends and family, including 
non-members, to join. An event fee paid by all trip participants covers 
transportation, lodging, food, and admission to the amusement park. The 
organization's bus that will be used for the trip is designed to 
transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver. The trip will 
extend beyond the commercial zone of the city where the organization is 
located.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire, interstate 
transportation by a CMV. The faith-based organization's bus is a CMV, as 
defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, operating in interstate 
commerce, and the faith-based organization is a motor carrier subject to 
all applicable FMCSRs, including parts 350 through 399. In addition, the 
faith-based organization is operating a passenger-carrying CMV, as 
defined in Sec.  383.5 because it is designed to transport 16 or more 
passengers; the driver of the bus must therefore hold a valid CDL with a 
Passenger endorsement and comply with the drug and alcohol testing 
regulations in part 382.
    The organization is providing interstate motor vehicle 
transportation for compensation indirectly through the event fee, thus 
it must register by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 subpart 
A regarding operating authority registration and part 390 subpart E 
regarding USDOT number registration. The organization is a for-hire 
motor carrier even though the trip is not available to the public at 
large.
    The organization is an interstate for-hire motor carrier of 
passengers compensated indirectly through the event fee. Because there 
is no applicable exception, it must maintain the $5 million of financial 
responsibility required to operate a vehicle with a seating capacity of 
at least 16 passengers (Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33).

[[Page 484]]

    Scenario 4: A high school cheerleading team wants to travel to a 
neighboring State to participate in a cheerleading competition. A parent 
of one cheerleader is a member of a faith-based organization that owns a 
bus designed to transport more than 15 passengers including the driver. 
The parent persuades the faith-based organization to take the team to 
the competition. The cheerleaders and their parents give the faith-based 
organization money for use of the bus, and the faith-based organization 
pays one of its members to drive it. The trip is not confined to a 
commercial zone.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire interstate transportation 
of passengers by a CMV. The faith-based organization's bus is a CMV, as 
defined in Sec.  390.5, operating for hire in interstate commerce, and 
the organization is a motor carrier subject to all applicable FMCSRs, 
including parts 350 through 399. In addition, the faith-based 
organization is operating a passenger-carrying CMV, as defined in Sec.  
383.5 because it is designed to transport 16 or more passengers; the 
driver of the faith-based organization's bus must hold a valid CDL with 
a Passenger endorsement and comply with the drug and alcohol testing 
regulations in part 382.
    This is for hire interstate transportation of passengers by motor 
vehicle because the families pay the organization to use the bus and no 
exemptions apply to the operation. Thus, operating authority 
registration is required. The organization must register by following 
the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 subpart A regarding operating 
authority registration and part 390 subpart E regarding USDOT number 
registration.
    Likewise, because the faith-based organization is operating a 
passenger vehicle with a seating capacity of at least 16, for-hire in 
interstate commerce, it is required under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 
to maintain $5 million of financial responsibility.
    Scenario 5: A faith-based organization with many charitable 
operations provides transportation to a variety of passengers--both 
members of the organization and nonmembers--for a variety of events. For 
example, paid and volunteer collectors are sent to donation sites, the 
faith-based organization's employees are taken to and from the location 
of coat and food drives, donors are transported to fundraising events, 
children in daycare are taken on trips, and various individuals are 
provided transportation for job training programs. The faith-based 
organization's daycare center charges a fee for its services which 
include interstate passenger transportation. The faith-based 
organization uses different types of vehicles to transport its 
passengers. Some have a seating capacity of 16 or more passengers, and 
others have a seating capacity of 15 or fewer passengers. All passenger-
carrying vehicles are used throughout the faith-based organization's 
various transportation operations. In addition, all of the faith-based 
organization's drivers operate a vehicle with a seating capacity of 16 
or more passengers to transport the daycare children on interstate trips 
on at least an occasional basis. All of the various passengers are 
transported into another State.
    Guidance: The daycare center-related transportation is for-hire 
interstate transportation of passengers by CMV. The organization 
operates CMVs, as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, in interstate 
commerce as a for-hire motor carrier of passengers and is subject to the 
applicable FMCSRs in parts 350 through 399. The faith-based organization 
receives compensation through the collection of fees for services, 
including transportation, paid for the daycare, and all drivers and 
vehicles provide at least some transportation for the daycare. While 
some of the transportation operations are not for-hire, because all of 
the drivers and vehicles are used in all of the operations, the Agency 
considers the organization to be engaged in for-hire, interstate 
passenger transportation as well as private, interstate passenger 
transportation. While there is a limited exception from the safety 
regulations in parts 390 through 399 for smaller vehicles in Sec. Sec.  
390.3T(f)(6) and 390.3(f)(6), it does not apply to the organization 
because some of the organization's passenger-carrying vehicles are 
designed or used to transport 16 or more passengers in interstate 
commerce. In addition, because some of the vehicles are designed to 
transport 16 or more passengers, and all of the drivers operate all of 
the different vehicles on occasion, all the drivers must have CDLs with 
Passenger endorsements, and the faith-based organization must comply 
with the drug and alcohol testing regulations in part 382.
    Because the faith-based organization receives indirect compensation 
through the fees charged for the daycare center, it is operating as an 
interstate, for-hire motor carrier of passengers. No exemption from 
operating authority registration requirements applies. The organization 
must register, therefore, by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 365 
subpart A regarding operating authority registration and part 390 
subpart E regarding USDOT number registration.
    Because the faith-based organization operates some passenger 
vehicles with a seating capacity of at least 16, for-hire in interstate 
commerce, it is required under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33 to maintain 
$5 million of financial responsibility.
    Scenario 6: A religiously-affiliated group of singers and musicians 
travels to various locations to perform at events and ceremonies. The 
group owns and operates multiple vehicles to transport its members and 
their equipment. Each vehicle has a GVWR and GVW of 10,001 to 26,000 
pounds and is designed to transport more than 15 passengers

[[Page 485]]

including the driver. All the vehicles are driven between multiple 
States for performances. The hosting organizations ask event 
participants for donations which are provided to the musical group. 
Sometimes the musical group sells T-shirts, souvenirs, or other 
merchandise at the events.
    Guidance: This scenario describes interstate transportation by CMV, 
but some exemptions may apply. The musical group is a private motor 
carrier of passengers (business) and is operating CMVs, as defined in 
Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, in interstate commerce. The transportation 
is thus subject to 49 CFR parts 350 through 399 relevant to passenger 
carrier operations. The group is considered a private motor carrier of 
passengers (business) because the passenger transportation is not 
available to the public at large; but the receipt of money for a musical 
performance constitutes a business transaction, and a part of the 
furtherance of the musical group's commercial enterprise. Thus, the 
transportation of members and equipment has a commercial purpose. The 
possible absence of merchandise sales does not affect the commercial 
nature of the enterprise, as the primary purpose is promotion of the 
group's music, for which the group receives compensation. Whether a 
musical group is tax-exempt or has a non-profit status does not 
determine whether it is a business or nonbusiness. Finally, the 
transportation of passengers and equipment is an essential element of 
the group's operations, and such transportation is in furtherance of its 
commercial enterprise. All of the donations received may be used to 
cover the cost of fuel, maintenance, depreciation and insurance on the 
vehicle, but the transportation nevertheless furthers a commercial 
purpose.
    Accordingly, the musical group must register by following the 
procedures in 49 CFR part 390 subpart E regarding USDOT number 
registration. In addition, because the musical group's vehicles are 
designed to transport more than 15 passengers including the driver, the 
drivers of these vehicles must have CDLs with a Passenger endorsement 
and be enrolled in a drug and alcohol testing program consistent with 49 
CFR part 382.
    There is a regulatory exception in Sec.  391.69, however, from 
certain driver qualification requirements relating to applications for 
employment, investigations and inquiries, and road tests for single-
employer drivers employed by a private motor carrier of passengers 
(business). Additionally, private motor carriers of passengers 
(business) may also continue to operate older buses manufactured before 
Federal fuel system requirements were adopted, provided the fuel system 
is maintained to the original manufacturer's standards (Sec.  
393.67(a)(6)).
    The musical group's interstate transportation of its members is in 
furtherance of a commercial enterprise, but the group is not receiving 
compensation for providing transportation. The compensation received is 
for their musical performance. The members of the group likewise do not 
pay a fee for their transportation. The musical group is thus a private 
motor carrier of passengers (business), and such carriers are not 
required to obtain operating authority registration.
    The musical group is a private motor carrier of passengers 
(business), therefore, currently the group is not required to maintain 
evidence of financial responsibility on file with FMCSA.
    Private motor carriers of passengers are not required to obtain 
operating authority registration and are not subject to the financial 
responsibility requirements.

                 Miscellaneous Passenger Transportation

    Scenario 1: An assisted living apartment community is a commercial 
business that owns and operates a bus designed to transport more than 15 
passengers, including the driver. The drivers are employees of the 
apartment community. The bus is used to transport residents to medical 
appointments, shopping centers, theaters, etc. Routine local 
transportation within the State is financed by general fees paid by all 
community residents. The community office assesses a special charge for 
entertainment-related transportation. The general public is not allowed 
to use the bus service. Some trips to shopping centers and theaters go 
into a neighboring State, but all transportation remains in the 
commercial zone of the community.
    Guidance: This scenario describes for-hire interstate transportation 
by commercial motor vehicle, but some exemptions apply. The community is 
operating a CMV, as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, in 
interstate commerce. The fact that all passenger transportation is 
entirely within a commercial zone is irrelevant for purposes of the 
``interstate commerce'' component of the definition of CMV under 
Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5. The transportation is subject to all of the 
provisions in 49 CFR parts 350 through 399 relevant to passenger carrier 
operations. In addition, the 16-passenger van is also a CMV as defined 
in Sec.  383.5, and the driver therefore must hold a valid CDL with a 
Passenger endorsement and be enrolled in a drug and alcohol testing 
program consistent with 49 CFR part 382.
    Although the community is an interstate for-hire motor carrier of 
passengers assessing special charges for entertainment trips to a 
neighboring State, operating authority registration is not required 
because the transportation is wholly within the commercial zone where 
the community is located (49 U.S.C. 13506(b)(1)). However, the community 
must register by following the procedures in 49 CFR part 390 subpart E 
regarding USDOT number registration because the community

[[Page 486]]

operates a CMV, as defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5, in interstate 
commerce.
    Under Sec. Sec.  387.33T and 387.33, the community must obtain and 
maintain $5 million of financial responsibility because it is a for-hire 
motor carrier of passengers operating in interstate commerce and at 
least one of its vehicles has seating for 16 or more passengers. The 
general fees paid by the community residents cover a multitude of 
services including local transportation. This indirect compensation 
arrangement for transportation is service for-hire. The special charge 
for entertainment-related transportation is direct compensation and is 
also a for-hire service.
    Scenario 2: A youth camp transports campers in 15-passenger vans 
from an airport to the camp site and back, from the camp site to parks 
and other locations in neighboring States, and to facilities for medical 
care, etc. Trips to and from the airport extend beyond a 25-mile radius 
from the boundary of the airport and the commercial zone of the 
municipality that falls within the 25-mile radius of the airport. Other 
trips also extend beyond a commercial zone. Campers and camp employees 
are the only transported passengers. The vans have a GVW and GVWR below 
10,001 pounds. The camp collects payment for the participating youth 
with a total package fee.
    Guidance: If a single fee covers all services provided by the camp 
including transportation, most of the safety regulations would not apply 
to the camp. Although the camp operates CMVs as defined in Sec. Sec.  
390.5T and 390.5 in interstate commerce (more than 8 passengers, for 
compensation), it would qualify for the exception in Sec. Sec.  
390.3T(f)(6) and 390.3(f)(6) for CMVs designed or used to transport 
between 9 and 15 passengers not for direct compensation, and its vans 
meet none of the alternative definitions of a CMV (such as a GVW or GVWR 
of 10,001 pounds or more). The organization would therefore be required 
to comply only with those requirements specified in Sec. Sec.  
390.3T(f)(6) and 390.3(f)(6). Furthermore, the camp must register by 
following the procedures in 49 CFR part 390 subpart E regarding USDOT 
number registration.
    However, if the camp collects a specific fee for passenger 
transportation, it is then receiving direct compensation and does not 
qualify for the limited exception in Sec. Sec.  390.3T(f)(6) and 
390.3(f)(6). If direct compensation occurs, the camp must comply with 
the applicable regulations in 49 CFR parts 350 through 399 including 
motor carrier registration in accordance with Sec.  390.201. In the case 
of direct compensation, the drivers of these 15-passenger vans with a 
GVW and GVWR below 10,001 pounds are not required to hold a CDL and are 
not subject to employer conducted controlled substances and alcohol 
testing because such vehicles are not CMVs as defined in Sec.  383.5. 
Although the drivers are not required to hold a CDL, they must be 
medically examined and certified in accordance with Sec. Sec.  391.41, 
391.43, and 391.45, and they are subject to the general driver 
qualification regulations in part 391 because such vehicles are CMVs as 
defined in Sec. Sec.  390.5T and 390.5.
    Though the camp is engaged in for-hire interstate transportation of 
passengers by motor vehicle, there is an exemption from operating 
authority registration requirements in 49 U.S.C. 13506(a)(16). This camp 
falls within the exemption, which limits the Agency's jurisdiction over 
the transportation of passengers by 9- to 15-passenger motor vehicles 
operated by youth or family camps that provide recreational or 
educational activities.
    Nonetheless, because the camp is an interstate for-hire motor 
carrier of passengers compensated indirectly through camp fees, it must 
maintain $1.5 million of financial responsibility (Sec. Sec.  387.33T 
and 387.33). The camp is not required to maintain evidence of financial 
responsibility on file with FMCSA.

[87 FR 68372, Nov. 15, 2022]



PART 391_QUALIFICATIONS OF DRIVERS AND LONGER COMBINATION VEHICLE (LCV)
DRIVER INSTRUCTORS--Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
391.1 Scope of the rules in this part; additional qualifications; duties 
          of carrier-drivers.
391.2 General exceptions.

         Subpart B_Qualification and Disqualification of Drivers

391.11 General qualifications of drivers.
391.13 Responsibilities of drivers.
391.15 Disqualification of drivers.

                   Subpart C_Background and Character

391.21 Application for employment.
391.23 Investigation and inquiries.
391.25 Annual inquiry and review of driving record.
391.27 [Reserved]

                             Subpart D_Tests

391.31 Road test.
391.33 Equivalent of road test.

           Subpart E_Physical Qualifications and Examinations

391.41 Physical qualifications for drivers.

[[Page 487]]

391.43 Medical examination; certificate of physical examination.
391.44 Physical qualification standards for an individual who does not 
          satisfy, with the worse eye, either the distant visual acuity 
          standard with corrective lenses or the field of vision 
          standard, or both.
391.45 Persons who must be medically examined and certified.
391.46 Physical qualification standards for an individual with diabetes 
          mellitus treated with insulin for control.
391.47 Resolution of conflicts of medical evaluation.
391.49 Alternative physical qualification standards for the loss or 
          impairment of limbs.

                       Subpart F_Files and Records

391.51 General requirements for driver qualification files.
391.53 Driver investigation history file
391.55 LCV Driver-Instructor qualification files.

                      Subpart G_Limited Exemptions

391.61 Drivers who were regularly employed before January 1, 1971.
391.62 Limited exemptions for intra-city zone drivers.
391.63 Multiple-employer drivers.
391.64 Grandfathering for certain drivers who participated in a vision 
          waiver study program.
391.65 Drivers furnished by other motor carriers.
391.67 Farm vehicle drivers of articulated commercial motor vehicles.
391.68 Private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness).
391.69 Private motor carrier of passengers (business).
391.71 [Reserved]

Appendix A to Part 391--Medical Advisory Criteria

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 504, 508, 31133, 31136, 31149, 31502; sec. 
4007(b), Pub. L. 102-240, 105 Stat. 1914, 2152; sec. 114, Pub. L. 103-
311, 108 Stat. 1673, 1677; sec. 215, Pub. L. 106-159, 113 Stat. 1748, 
1767; sec. 32934, Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 830; secs. 5403 and 
5524, Pub. L. 114-94, 129 Stat. 1312, 1548, 1560; sec. 2, Pub. L. 115-
105, 131 Stat. 2263; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 391 appear at 66 FR 
49874, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  391.1  Scope of the rules in this part; additional qualifications;
duties of carrier-drivers.

    (a) The rules in this part establish minimum qualifications for 
persons who drive commercial motor vehicles as, for, or on behalf of 
motor carriers. The rules in this part also establish minimum duties of 
motor carriers with respect to the qualifications of their drivers.
    (b) An individual who meets the definition of both a motor carrier 
and a driver employed by that motor carrier must comply with both the 
rules in this part that apply to motor carriers and the rules in this 
part that apply to drivers.

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970, as amended at 53 FR 18057, May 19, 1988; 60 
FR 38744, July 28, 1995; 80 FR 59074, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  391.2  General exceptions.

    (a) Farm custom operation. The rules in this part, except for Sec.  
391.15(e) and (f), do not apply to a driver who drives a commercial 
motor vehicle controlled and operated by a person engaged in custom-
harvesting operations, if the commercial motor vehicle is used to--
    (1) Transport farm machinery, supplies, or both, to or from a farm 
for custom-harvesting operations on a farm; or
    (2) Transport custom-harvested crops to storage or market.
    (b) Apiarian industries. The rules in this part, except for Sec.  
391.15(e) and (f), do not apply to a driver who is operating a 
commercial motor vehicle controlled and operated by a beekeeper engaged 
in the seasonal transportation of bees.
    (c) Certain farm vehicle drivers. The rules in this part, except for 
Sec.  391.15(e) and (f), do not apply to a farm vehicle driver except a 
farm vehicle driver who drives an articulated (combination) commercial 
motor vehicle, as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this chapter. For limited 
exemptions for farm vehicle drivers of articulated commercial motor 
vehicles, see Sec.  391.67.
    (d) Covered farm vehicles. The rules in part 391, Subpart E--
Physical Qualifications and Examinations--do not

[[Page 488]]

apply to drivers of ``covered farm vehicles,'' as defined in 49 CFR 
390.5.
    (e) Pipeline welding trucks. The rules in this part do not apply to 
drivers of ``pipeline welding trucks'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[76 FR 75487, Dec. 2, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 16195, Mar. 14, 2013; 78 
FR 58483, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 47720, July 22, 2016]



         Subpart B_Qualification and Disqualification of Drivers



Sec.  391.11  General qualifications of drivers.

    (a) A person shall not drive a commercial motor vehicle unless he/
she is qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle. Except as provided 
in Sec.  391.63, a motor carrier shall not require or permit a person to 
drive a commercial motor vehicle unless that person is qualified to 
drive a commercial motor vehicle.
    (b) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, a person is 
qualified to drive a motor vehicle if he/she--
    (1) Is at least 21 years old;
    (2) Can read and speak the English language sufficiently to converse 
with the general public, to understand highway traffic signs and signals 
in the English language, to respond to official inquiries, and to make 
entries on reports and records;
    (3) Can, by reason of experience, training, or both, safely operate 
the type of commercial motor vehicle he/she drives;
    (4) Is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle in 
accordance with subpart E--Physical Qualifications and Examinations of 
this part;
    (5) Has a currently valid commercial motor vehicle operator's 
license issued only by one State or jurisdiction;
    (6) Is not disqualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle under 
the rules in Sec.  391.15; and
    (7) Has successfully completed a driver's road test and has been 
issued a certificate of driver's road test in accordance with Sec.  
391.31, or has presented an operator's license or a certificate of road 
test which the motor carrier that employs him/her has accepted as 
equivalent to a road test in accordance with Sec.  391.33.

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970, as amended at 35 FR 17420, Nov. 13, 1970; 35 
FR 19181, Dec. 18, 1970; 36 FR 222, Jan. 7, 1971, 36 FR 24220, Dec. 22, 
1971; 45 FR 46424, July 10, 1980; 52 FR 20589, June 1, 1987; 59 FR 
60323, Nov. 23, 1994; 60 FR 38744, 38745, July 28, 1995; 63 FR 33276, 
June 18, 1998; 87 FR 13208, Mar. 9, 2022]



Sec.  391.13  Responsibilities of drivers.

    In order to comply with the requirements of Sec. Sec.  392.9(a) and 
383.111(a)(16) of this subchapter, a motor carrier shall not require or 
permit a person to drive a commercial motor vehicle unless the person--
    (a) Can, by reason of experience, training, or both, determine 
whether the cargo he/she transports (including baggage in a passenger-
carrying commercial motor vehicle) has been properly located, 
distributed, and secured in or on the commercial motor vehicle he/she 
drives;
    (b) Is familiar with methods and procedures for securing cargo in or 
on the commercial motor vehicle he/she drives.

[63 FR 33277, June 18, 1998, as amended at 80 FR 59074, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  391.15  Disqualification of drivers.

    (a) General. A driver who is disqualified shall not drive a 
commercial motor vehicle. A motor carrier shall not require or permit a 
driver who is disqualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle.
    (b) Disqualification for loss of driving privileges. (1) A driver is 
disqualified for the duration of the driver's loss of his/her privilege 
to operate a commercial motor vehicle on public highways, either 
temporarily or permanently, by reason of the revocation, suspension, 
withdrawal, or denial of an operator's license, permit, or privilege, 
until that operator's license, permit, or privilege is restored by the 
authority that revoked, suspended, withdrew, or denied it.
    (2) A driver who receives a notice that his/her license, permit, or 
privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle has been revoked, 
suspended, or withdrawn shall notify the motor carrier that employs him/
her of the contents of the notice before the end of the

[[Page 489]]

business day following the day the driver received it.
    (c) Disqualification for criminal and other offenses--(1) General 
rule. A driver who is convicted of (or forfeits bond or collateral upon 
a charge of) a disqualifying offense specified in paragraph (c)(2) of 
this section is disqualified for the period of time specified in 
paragraph (c)(3) of this section, if--
    (i) The offense was committed during on-duty time as defined in 
Sec.  395.2 of this subchapter or as otherwise specified; and
    (ii) The driver is employed by a motor carrier or is engaged in 
activities that are in furtherance of a commercial enterprise in 
interstate, intrastate, or foreign commerce.
    (2) Disqualifying offenses. The following offenses are disqualifying 
offenses:
    (i) Driving a commercial motor vehicle while under the influence of 
alcohol. This shall include:
    (A) Driving a commercial motor vehicle while the person's alcohol 
concentration is 0.04 percent or more;
    (B) Driving under the influence of alcohol, as prescribed by State 
law; or
    (C) Refusal to undergo such testing as is required by any State or 
jurisdiction in the enforcement of Sec.  391.15(c)(2)(i) (A) or (B), or 
Sec.  392.5(a)(2).
    (ii) Driving a commercial motor vehicle under the influence of a 21 
CFR 1308.11 Schedule I identified controlled substance, an amphetamine, 
a narcotic drug, a formulation of an amphetamine, or a derivative of a 
narcotic drug;
    (iii) Transportation, possession, or unlawful use of a 21 CFR 
1308.11 Schedule I identified controlled substance, amphetamines, 
narcotic drugs, formulations of an amphetamine, or derivatives of 
narcotic drugs while the driver is on duty, as the term on-duty time is 
defined in Sec.  395.2 of this subchapter;
    (iv) Leaving the scene of an accident while operating a commercial 
motor vehicle; or
    (v) A felony involving the use of a commercial motor vehicle.
    (3) Duration of disqualification--(i) First offenders. A driver is 
disqualified for 1 year after the date of conviction or forfeiture of 
bond or collateral if, during the 3 years preceding that date, the 
driver was not convicted of, or did not forfeit bond or collateral upon 
a charge of an offense that would disqualify the driver under the rules 
of this section. Exemption. The period of disqualification is 6 months 
if the conviction or forfeiture of bond or collateral soley concerned 
the transportation or possession of substances named in paragraph 
(c)(2)(iii) of this section.
    (ii) Subsequent offenders. A driver is disqualified for 3 years 
after the date of his/her conviction or forfeiture of bond or collateral 
if, during the 3 years preceding that date, he/she was convicted of, or 
forfeited bond or collateral upon a charge of, an offense that would 
disqualify him/her under the rules in this section.
    (d) Disqualification for violation of out-of-service orders--(1) 
General rule. A driver who is convicted of violating an out-of-service 
order is disqualified for the period of time specified in paragraph 
(d)(2) of this section.
    (2) Duration of disqualification for violation of out-of-service 
orders--(i) First violation. A driver is disqualified for not less than 
90 days nor more than one year if the driver is convicted of a first 
violation of an out-of-service order.
    (ii) Second violation. A driver is disqualified for not less than 
one year nor more than five years if, during any 10-year period, the 
driver is convicted of two violations of out-of-service orders in 
separate incidents.
    (iii) Third or subsequent violation. A driver is disqualified for 
not less than three years nor more than five years if, during any 10-
year period, the driver is convicted of three or more violations of out-
of-service orders in separate incidents.
    (iv) Special rule for hazardous materials and passenger offenses. A 
driver is disqualified for a period of not less than 180 days nor more 
than two years if the driver is convicted of a first violation of an 
out-of-service order while transporting hazardous materials required to 
be placarded under the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 
5101 et seq.), or while operating commercial motor vehicles designed to 
transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver. A driver is 
disqualified for a period of not less than three

[[Page 490]]

years nor more than five years if, during any 10-year period, the driver 
is convicted of any subsequent violations of out-of-service orders, in 
separate incidents, while transporting hazardous materials required to 
be placarded under the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, or while 
operating commercial motor vehicles designed to transport more than 15 
passengers, including the driver.
    (e) Disqualification for violation of prohibition of texting while 
driving a commercial motor vehicle--
    (1) General rule. A driver who is convicted of violating the 
prohibition of texting in Sec.  392.80(a) of this chapter is 
disqualified for the period of time specified in paragraph (e)(2) of 
this section.
    (2) Duration. Disqualification for violation of prohibition of 
texting while driving a commercial motor vehicle--
    (i) Second violation. A driver is disqualified for 60 days if the 
driver is convicted of two violations of Sec.  392.80(a) of this chapter 
in separate incidents during any 3-year period.
    (ii) Third or subsequent violation. A driver is disqualified for 120 
days if the driver is convicted of three or more violations of Sec.  
392.80(a) of this chapter in separate incidents during any 3-year 
period.
    (f) Disqualification for violation of a restriction on using a hand-
held mobile telephone while driving a commercial motor vehicle--
    (1) General rule. A driver who is convicted of violating the 
restriction on using a hand-held mobile telephone in Sec.  392.82(a) of 
this chapter is disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle for 
the period of time specified in paragraph (f)(2) of this section.
    (2) Duration. Disqualification for violation of a restriction on 
using a hand-held mobile telephone while driving a commercial motor 
vehicle--
    (i) Second violation. A driver is disqualified for 60 days if the 
driver is convicted of two violations of Sec.  392.82(a) of this chapter 
in separate incidents committed during any 3-year period.
    (ii) Third or subsequent violation. A driver is disqualified for 120 
days if the driver is convicted of three or more violations of Sec.  
392.82(a) of this chapter in separate incidents committed during any 3-
year period.

[37 FR 24902, Nov. 23, 1972]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
391.15, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.fdsys.gov.



                   Subpart C_Background and Character



Sec.  391.21  Application for employment.

    (a) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, a person shall not 
drive a commercial motor vehicle unless he/she has completed and 
furnished the motor carrier that employs him/her with an application for 
employment that meets the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The application for employment shall be made on a form furnished 
by the motor carrier. Each application form must be completed by the 
applicant, must be signed by him/her, and must contain the following 
information:
    (1) The name and address of the employing motor carrier;
    (2) The applicant's name, address, date of birth, and social 
security number;
    (3) The addresses at which the applicant has resided during the 3 
years preceding the date on which the application is submitted;
    (4) The date on which the application is submitted;
    (5) The issuing driver's licensing authority, number, and expiration 
date of each unexpired commercial motor vehicle operator's license or 
permit that has been issued to the applicant;
    (6) The nature and extent of the applicant's experience in the 
operation of motor vehicles, including the type of equipment (such as 
buses, trucks, truck tractors, semitrailers, full trailers, and pole 
trailers) which he/she has operated;
    (7) A list of all motor vehicle accidents in which the applicant was 
involved during the 3 years preceding the date the application is 
submitted, specifying the date and nature of each accident and any 
fatalities or personal injuries it caused;

[[Page 491]]

    (8) A list of all violations of motor vehicle laws or ordinances 
(other than violations involving only parking) of which the applicant 
was convicted or forfeited bond or collateral during the 3 years 
preceding the date the application is submitted;
    (9) A statement setting forth in detail the facts and circumstances 
of any denial, revocation, or suspension of any license, permit, or 
privilege to operate a motor vehicle that has been issued to the 
applicant, or a statement that no such denial, revocation, or suspension 
has occurred;
    (10)(i) A list of the names and addresses of the applicant's 
employers during the 3 years preceding the date the application is 
submitted,
    (ii) The dates he or she was employed by that employer,
    (iii) The reason for leaving the employ of that employer,
    (iv) After October 29, 2004, whether the (A) Applicant was subject 
to the FMCSRs while employed by that previous employer,
    (B) Job was designated as a safety sensitive function in any DOT 
regulated mode subject to alcohol and controlled substances testing 
requirements as required by 49 CFR part 40;
    (11) For those drivers applying to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle as defined by part 383 of this subchapter, a list of the names 
and addresses of the applicant's employers during the 7-year period 
preceding the 3 years contained in paragraph (b)(10) of this section for 
which the applicant was an operator of a commercial motor vehicle, 
together with the dates of employment and the reasons for leaving such 
employment; and
    (12) The following certification and signature line, which must 
appear at the end of the application form and be signed by the 
applicant:

    This certifies that this application was completed by me, and that 
all entries on it and information in it are true and complete to the 
best of my knowledge.
________________________________________________________________________
                                                                  (Date)
________________________________________________________________________
                                                 (Applicant's signature)

    (c) A motor carrier may require an applicant to provide information 
in addition to the information required by paragraph (b) of this section 
on the application form.
    (d) Before an application is submitted, the motor carrier must 
inform the applicant that the information he/she provides in accordance 
with paragraph (b)(10) of this section may be used, and the applicant's 
previous employers will be contacted, for the purpose of investigating 
the applicant's safety performance history information as required by 
paragraphs (d) and (e) of Sec.  391.23. The prospective employer must 
also notify the driver in writing of his/her due process rights as 
specified in Sec.  391.23(i) regarding information received as a result 
of these investigations.

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970, as amended at 35 FR 17420, Nov. 13, 1970; 52 
FR 20589, June 1, 1987; 60 FR 38744, July 28, 1995; 69 FR 16719, Mar. 
30, 2004; 87 FR 13208, Mar. 9, 2022]



Sec.  391.23  Investigation and inquiries.

    (a) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, each motor carrier 
shall make the following investigations and inquiries with respect to 
each driver it employs, other than a person who has been a regularly 
employed driver of the motor carrier for a continuous period which began 
before January 1, 1971:
    (1) An inquiry, within 30 days of the date the driver's employment 
begins, to each driver's licensing authority where the driver held or 
holds a motor vehicle operator's license or permit during the preceding 
3 years to obtain that driver's motor vehicle record.
    (2) An investigation of the driver's safety performance history with 
Department of Transportation regulated employers during the preceding 
three years.
    (b) A copy of the motor vehicle record(s) obtained in response to 
the inquiry or inquiries to each driver's licensing authority required 
by paragraph (a)(1) of this section must be placed in the driver 
qualification file within 30 days of the date the driver's employment 
begins and be retained in compliance with Sec.  391.51. If no motor 
vehicle record is received from a driver's licensing authority required 
to submit this response, the motor carrier must document a good faith 
effort to obtain such information. The inquiry to a driver's licensing 
authority must

[[Page 492]]

be made in the form and manner each authority prescribes.
    (c)(1) Replies to the investigations of the driver's safety 
performance history required by paragraph (a)(2) of this section, or 
documentation of good faith efforts to obtain the investigation data, 
must be placed in the driver investigation history file, after October 
29, 2004, within 30 days of the date the driver's employment begins. Any 
period of time required to exercise the driver's due process rights to 
review the information received, request a previous employer to correct 
or include a rebuttal, is separate and apart from this 30-day 
requirement to document investigation of the driver safety performance 
history data.
    (2) The investigation may consist of personal interviews, telephone 
interviews, letters, or any other method for investigating that the 
carrier deems appropriate. Each motor carrier must make a written record 
with respect to each previous employer contacted, or good faith efforts 
to do so. The record must include the previous employer's name and 
address, the date the previous employer was contacted, or the attempts 
made, and the information received about the driver from the previous 
employer. Failures to contact a previous employer, or of them to provide 
the required safety performance history information, must be documented. 
The record must be maintained pursuant to Sec.  391.53.
    (3) Prospective employers should report failures of previous 
employers to respond to an investigation to the FMCSA and use the 
complaint procedures specified at Sec.  386.12 of this subchapter. Keep 
a copy of the reports in the driver investigation history file as part 
of documenting a good faith effort to obtain the required information.
    (4) For drivers with no previous employment experience working for a 
DOT-regulated employer during the preceding three years, documentation 
that no investigation was possible must be placed in the driver 
investigation history file, after October 29, 2004, within the required 
30 days of the date the driver's employment begins.
    (d) The prospective motor carrier must investigate, at a minimum, 
the information listed in this paragraph from all previous employers of 
the applicant that employed the driver to operate a CMV within the 
previous three years. The investigation request must contain specific 
contact information on where the previous motor carrier employers should 
send the information requested.
    (1) General driver identification and employment verification 
information.
    (2) The data elements as specified in Sec.  390.15(b)(1) of this 
chapter for accidents involving the driver that occurred in the three-
year period preceding the date of the employment application.
    (i) Any accidents as defined by Sec.  390.5 of this chapter.
    (ii) Any accidents the previous employer may wish to provide that 
are retained pursuant to Sec.  390.15(b)(2), or pursuant to the 
employer's internal policies for retaining more detailed minor accident 
information.
    (e) In addition to the investigations required by paragraph (d) of 
this section, the prospective motor carrier employers must investigate 
the information listed below in this paragraph from all previous DOT 
regulated employers that employed the driver within the previous three 
years from the date of the employment application, in a safety-sensitive 
function that required alcohol and controlled substance testing 
specified by 49 CFR part 40.
    (1) Whether, within the previous three years, the driver had 
violated the alcohol and controlled substances prohibitions under 
subpart B of part 382 of this chapter, or 49 CFR part 40.
    (2) Whether the driver failed to undertake or complete a 
rehabilitation program prescribed by a substance abuse professional 
(SAP) pursuant to Sec.  382.605 of this chapter, or 49 CFR part 40, 
subpart O. If the previous employer does not know this information 
(e.g., an employer that terminated an employee who tested positive on a 
drug test), the prospective motor carrier must obtain documentation of 
the driver's successful completion of the SAP's referral directly from 
the driver.
    (3) For a driver who had successfully completed a SAP's 
rehabilitation referral, and remained in the employ of the referring 
employer, information on

[[Page 493]]

whether the driver had the following testing violations subsequent to 
completion of a Sec.  382.605 or 49 CFR part 40, subpart O referral:
    (i) Alcohol tests with a result of 0.04 or higher alcohol 
concentration;
    (ii) Verified positive drug tests;
    (iii) Refusals to be tested (including verified adulterated or 
substituted drug test results).
    (4) As of January 6, 2023, employers subject to Sec.  382.701(a) of 
this chapter must use the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse to comply with 
the requirements of this section with respect to FMCSA-regulated 
employers.
    (i) If an applicant who is subject to follow-up testing has not 
successfully completed all follow-up tests, the employer must request 
the applicant's follow-up testing plan directly from the previous 
employer in accordance with Sec.  40.25(b)(5) of this title.
    (ii) If an applicant was subject to an alcohol and controlled 
substance testing program under the requirements of a DOT mode other 
than FMCSA, the employer must request alcohol and controlled substances 
information required under this section directly from those employers 
regulated by a DOT mode other than FMCSA.
    (f)(1) A prospective motor carrier employer must provide to the 
previous employer the driver's consent meeting the requirements of Sec.  
40.321(b) of this title for the release of the information in paragraph 
(e) of this section. If the driver refuses to provide this consent, the 
prospective motor carrier employer must not permit the driver to operate 
a commercial motor vehicle for that motor carrier.
    (2) If a driver refuses to grant consent for the prospective motor 
carrier employer to query the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse in 
accordance with paragraph (e)(4) of this section, the prospective motor 
carrier employer must not permit the driver to operate a commercial 
motor vehicle.
    (g) After October 29, 2004, previous employers must:
    (1) Respond to each request for the DOT defined information in 
paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section within 30 days after the request 
is received. If there is no safety performance history information to 
report for that driver, previous motor carrier employers are nonetheless 
required to send a response confirming the non-existence of any such 
data, including the driver identification information and dates of 
employment.
    (2) Take all precautions reasonably necessary to ensure the accuracy 
of the records.
    (3) Provide specific contact information in case a driver chooses to 
contact the previous employer regarding correction or rebuttal of the 
data.
    (4) Keep a record of each request and the response for one year, 
including the date, the party to whom it was released, and a summary 
identifying what was provided.
    (5) Until May 1, 2006, carriers need only provide information for 
accidents that occurred after April 29, 2003.
    (h) The release of information under this section may take any form 
that reasonably ensures confidentiality, including letter, facsimile, or 
e-mail. The previous employer and its agents and insurers must take all 
precautions reasonably necessary to protect the driver safety 
performance history records from disclosure to any person not directly 
involved in forwarding the records, except the previous employer's 
insurer, except that the previous employer may not provide any alcohol 
or controlled substances information to the previous employer's insurer.
    (i)(1) The prospective employer must expressly notify drivers with 
Department of Transportation regulated employment during the preceding 
three years--via the application form or other written document prior to 
any hiring decision--that he or she has the following rights regarding 
the investigative information that will be provided to the prospective 
employer pursuant to paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section:
    (i) The right to review information provided by previous employers;
    (ii) The right to have errors in the information corrected by the 
previous employer and for that previous employer to re-send the 
corrected information to the prospective employer;

[[Page 494]]

    (iii) The right to have a rebuttal statement attached to the alleged 
erroneous information, if the previous employer and the driver cannot 
agree on the accuracy of the information.
    (2) Drivers who have previous Department of Transportation regulated 
employment history in the preceding three years, and wish to review 
previous employer-provided investigative information must submit a 
written request to the prospective employer, which may be done at any 
time, including when applying, or as late as 30 days after being 
employed or being notified of denial of employment. The prospective 
employer must provide this information to the applicant within five (5) 
business days of receiving the written request. If the prospective 
employer has not yet received the requested information from the 
previous employer(s), then the five-business days deadline will begin 
when the prospective employer receives the requested safety performance 
history information. If the driver has not arranged to pick up or 
receive the requested records within thirty (30) days of the prospective 
employer making them available, the prospective motor carrier may 
consider the driver to have waived his/her request to review the 
records.
    (j)(1) Drivers wishing to request correction of erroneous 
information in records received pursuant to paragraph (i) of this 
section must send the request for the correction to the previous 
employer that provided the records to the prospective employer.
    (2) After October 29, 2004, the previous employer must either 
correct and forward the information to the prospective motor carrier 
employer, or notify the driver within 15 days of receiving a driver's 
request to correct the data that it does not agree to correct the data. 
If the previous employer corrects and forwards the data as requested, 
that employer must also retain the corrected information as part of the 
driver's safety performance history record and provide it to subsequent 
prospective employers when requests for this information are received. 
If the previous employer corrects the data and forwards it to the 
prospective motor carrier employer, there is no need to notify the 
driver.
    (3) Drivers wishing to rebut information in records received 
pursuant to paragraph (i) of this section must send the rebuttal to the 
previous employer with instructions to include the rebuttal in that 
driver's safety performance history.
    (4) After October 29, 2004, within five business days of receiving a 
rebuttal from a driver, the previous employer must:
    (i) Forward a copy of the rebuttal to the prospective motor carrier 
employer;
    (ii) Append the rebuttal to the driver's information in the 
carrier's appropriate file, to be included as part of the response for 
any subsequent investigating prospective employers for the duration of 
the three-year data retention requirement.
    (5) The driver may submit a rebuttal initially without a request for 
correction, or subsequent to a request for correction.
    (6) The driver may report failures of previous employers to correct 
information or include the driver's rebuttal as part of the safety 
performance information, to the FMCSA following procedures specified at 
Sec.  386.12.
    (k)(1) The prospective motor carrier employer must use the 
information described in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section only as 
part of deciding whether to hire the driver.
    (2) The prospective motor carrier employer, its agents and insurers 
must take all precautions reasonably necessary to protect the records 
from disclosure to any person not directly involved in deciding whether 
to hire the driver. The prospective motor carrier employer may not 
provide any alcohol or controlled substances information to the 
prospective motor carrier employer's insurer.
    (l)(1) No action or proceeding for defamation, invasion of privacy, 
or interference with a contract that is based on the furnishing or use 
of information in accordance with this section may be brought against--
    (i) A motor carrier investigating the information, described in 
paragraphs

[[Page 495]]

(d) and (e) of this section, of an individual under consideration for 
employment as a commercial motor vehicle driver,
    (ii) A person who has provided such information; or
    (iii) The agents or insurers of a person described in paragraph 
(l)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section, except insurers are not granted a 
limitation on liability for any alcohol and controlled substance 
information.
    (2) The protections in paragraph (l)(1) of this section do not apply 
to persons who knowingly furnish false information, or who are not in 
compliance with the procedures specified for these investigations.
    (m)(1) The motor carrier must obtain an original or copy of the 
medical examiner's certificate issued in accordance with Sec.  391.43, 
and any medical variance on which the certification is based, and, 
beginning on or after May 21, 2014, verify the driver was certified by a 
medical examiner listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners as of the date of issuance of the medical examiner's 
certificate, and place the records in the driver qualification file, 
before allowing the driver to operate a CMV.
    (2) For drivers required to have a commercial driver's license under 
part 383 of this chapter, beginning January 30, 2015, using the CDLIS 
motor vehicle record obtained from the current licensing State, the 
motor carrier must verify and document in the driver qualification file 
the following information before allowing the driver to operate a CMV:
    (i) The type of operation the driver self-certified that he or she 
will perform in accordance with Sec.  383.71(b)(1) of this chapter.
    (ii)(A) Beginning on May 21, 2014, and through June 22, 2025, that 
the driver was certified by a medical examiner listed on the National 
Registry of Certified Medical Examiners as of the date of medical 
examiner's certificate issuance.
    (B) If the driver has certified under paragraph (m)(2)(i)(A) of this 
section that he or she expects to operate in interstate commerce, that 
the driver has a valid medical examiner's certificate and any required 
medical variances.
    (iii) Beginning on January 30, 2015, and through June 22, 2025, if 
the driver provided the motor carrier with a copy of the current medical 
examiner's certificate that was submitted to the State in accordance 
with Sec.  383.73(b)(5) of this chapter, the motor carrier may use a 
copy of that medical examiner's certificate as proof of the driver's 
medical certification for up to 15 days after the date it was issued.
    (3) For drivers required to have a commercial learner's permit under 
part 383 of this chapter:
    (i) Beginning July 8, 2015, using the CDLIS motor vehicle record 
obtained from the current licensing State, the motor carrier must verify 
and document in the driver qualification file the following information 
before allowing the driver to operate a CMV:
    (A) The type of operation the driver self-certified that he or she 
will perform in accordance with Sec.  383.71(b)(1) and (g) of this 
chapter.
    (B)(1) Through June 22, 2025, that the driver was certified by a 
medical examiner listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical 
Examiners as of the date of medical examiner's certificate issuance.
    (2) If the driver has a commercial learner's permit and has 
certified under paragraph (m)(3)(i)(A) of this section that he or she 
expects to operate in interstate commerce, that the driver has a valid 
medical examiner's certificate and any required medical variances.
    (C) Through June 22, 2025, if the driver provided the motor carrier 
with a copy of the current medical examiner's certificate that was 
submitted to the State in accordance with Sec.  383.73(a)(2)(vii) of 
this chapter, the motor carrier may use a copy of that medical 
examiner's certificate as proof of the driver's medical certification 
for up to 15 days after the date it was issued.
    (ii) Until July 8, 2015, if a driver operating in non-excepted, 
interstate commerce has no medical certification status information on 
the CDLIS MVR obtained from the current State driver licensing agency, 
the employing motor

[[Page 496]]

carrier may accept a medical examiner's certificate issued to that 
driver, and place a copy of it in the driver qualification file before 
allowing the driver to operate a CMV in interstate commerce.
    (4) In the event of a conflict between the medical certification 
information provided electronically by FMCSA and a paper copy of the 
medical examiner's certificate, the medical certification information 
provided electronically by FMCSA shall control.

(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 
2126-0004)

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
391.23, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.fdsys.gov.



Sec.  391.25  Annual inquiry and review of driving record.

    (a) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, each motor carrier 
shall, at least once every 12 months, make an inquiry to obtain the 
motor vehicle record of each driver it employs, covering at least the 
preceding 12 months, to each driver's licensing authority where the 
driver held a commercial motor vehicle operator's license or permit 
during the time period.
    (b) Except as provided in subpart G of this part, each motor carrier 
shall, at least once every 12 months, review the motor vehicle record of 
each driver it employs to determine whether that driver meets minimum 
requirements for safe driving or is disqualified to drive a commercial 
motor vehicle pursuant to Sec.  391.15.
    (1) The motor carrier must consider any evidence that the driver has 
violated any applicable Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations in this 
subchapter or Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR chapter I, 
subchapter C).
    (2) The motor carrier must consider the driver's accident record and 
any evidence that the driver has violated laws governing the operation 
of motor vehicles, and must give great weight to violations, such as 
speeding, reckless driving, and operating while under the influence of 
alcohol or drugs, that indicate that the driver has exhibited a 
disregard for the safety of the public.
    (c)(1) A copy of the motor vehicle record required by paragraph (a) 
of this section shall be maintained in the driver's qualification file.
    (2) A note, including the name of the person who performed the 
review of the driving record required by paragraph (b) of this section 
and the date of such review, shall be maintained in the driver's 
qualification file.

[63 FR 33277, June 18, 1998, as amended at 73 FR 73127, Dec. 1, 2008; 87 
FR 13209, Mar. 9, 2022; 87 FR 59036, Sept. 29, 2022]



Sec.  391.27  [Reserved]



                             Subpart D_Tests



Sec.  391.31  Road test.

    (a) Except as provided in subpart G, a person shall not drive a 
commercial motor vehicle unless he/she has first successfully completed 
a road test and has been issued a certificate of driver's road test in 
accordance with this section.
    (b) The road test shall be given by the motor carrier or a person 
designated by it. However, a driver who is a motor carrier must be given 
the test by a person other than himself/herself. The test shall be given 
by a person who is competent to evaluate and determine whether the 
person who takes the test has demonstrated that he/she is capable of 
operating the commercial motor vehicle, and associated equipment, that 
the motor carrier intends to assign him/her.
    (c) The road test must be of sufficient duration to enable the 
person who gives it to evaluate the skill of the person who takes it at 
handling the commercial motor vehicle, and associated equipment, that 
the motor carriers intends to assign to him/her. As a minimum, the 
person who takes the test must be tested, while operating the type of 
commercial motor vehicle the motor carrier intends to assign him/her, on 
his/her skill at performing each of the following operations:
    (1) The pretrip inspection required by Sec.  392.7 of this 
subchapter;
    (2) Coupling and uncoupling of combination units, if the equipment 
he/she may drive includes combination units;

[[Page 497]]

    (3) Placing the commercial motor vehicle in operation;
    (4) Use of the commercial motor vehicle's controls and emergency 
equipment;
    (5) Operating the commercial motor vehicle in traffic and while 
passing other motor vehicles;
    (6) Turning the commercial motor vehicle;
    (7) Braking, and slowing the commercial motor vehicle by means other 
than braking; and
    (8) Backing and parking the commercial motor vehicle.
    (d) The motor carrier shall provide a road test form on which the 
person who gives the test shall rate the performance of the person who 
takes it at each operation or activity which is a part of the test. 
After he/she completes the form, the person who gave the test shall sign 
it.
    (e) If the road test is successfully completed, the person who gave 
it shall complete a certificate of driver's road test in substantially 
the form prescribed in paragraph (f) of this section.
    (f) The form for the certificate of driver's road test is 
substantially as follows:

                       Certification of Road Test

Driver's name___________________________________________________________
Type of power unit ____________ Type of trailer(s)______________________
If passenger carrier, type of bus ______________________________________
    This is to certify that the above-named driver was given a road test 
under my supervision on ____________, 20____, consisting of 
approximately ______ miles of driving.
    It is my considered opinion that this driver possesses sufficient 
driving skill to operate safely the type of commercial motor vehicle 
listed above.

                                                 (Signature of examiner)

                                                                 (Title)

                                  (Organization and address of examiner)

    (g) A copy of the certificate required by paragraph (e) of this 
section shall be given to the person who was examined. The motor carrier 
shall retain in the driver qualification file of the person who was 
examined--
    (1) The original of the signed road test form required by paragraph 
(d) of this section; and
    (2) The original, or a copy of, the certificate required by 
paragraph (e) of this section.
    (h) The information collection requirements of this section have 
been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to 
the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) and have 
been assigned OMB control number 2126-0072.

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970, as amended at 36 FR 223, Jan. 7, 1971; 59 FR 
8752, Feb. 23, 1994; 60 FR 38744, July 28, 1995; 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 
2001; 87 FR 3417, Jan. 21, 2022]



Sec.  391.33  Equivalent of road test.

    (a) In place of, and as equivalent to, the road test required by 
Sec.  391.31, a person who seeks to drive a commercial motor vehicle may 
present, and a motor carrier may accept--
    (1) A valid Commercial Driver's License as defined in Sec.  383.5 of 
this subchapter, but not including double/triple trailer or tank vehicle 
endorsements, which has been issued to him/her to operate specific 
categories of commercial motor vehicles and which, under the laws of 
that State, licenses him/her after successful completion of a road test 
in a commercial motor vehicle of the type the motor carrier intends to 
assign to him/her; or
    (2) A copy of a valid certificate of driver's road test issued to 
him/her pursuant to Sec.  391.31 within the preceding 3 years.
    (b) If a driver presents, and a motor carrier accepts, a license or 
certificate as equivalent to the road test, the motor carrier shall 
retain a legible copy of the license or certificate in its files as part 
of the driver's qualification file.
    (c) A motor carrier may require any person who presents a license or 
certificate as equivalent to the road test to take a road test or any 
other test of his/her driving skill as a condition to his/her employment 
as a driver.

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970, as amended at 60 FR 38744, July 28, 1995; 63 
FR 33277, June 18, 1998]

[[Page 498]]



           Subpart E_Physical Qualifications and Examinations



Sec.  391.41  Physical qualifications for drivers.

    (a)(1)(i) A person subject to this part must not operate a 
commercial motor vehicle unless he or she is medically certified as 
physically qualified to do so, and, except as provided in paragraph 
(a)(2) of this section, when on-duty has on his or her person the 
original, or a copy, of a current medical examiner's certificate that he 
or she is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle. 
NOTE: Effective December 29, 1991, and as amended on January 19, 2017, 
the FMCSA Administrator determined that the Licencia Federal de 
Conductor issued by the United Mexican States is recognized as proof of 
medical fitness to drive a CMV. The United States and Canada entered 
into a Reciprocity Agreement, effective March 30, 1999, recognizing that 
a Canadian commercial driver's license is proof of medical fitness to 
drive a CMV. Therefore, Canadian and Mexican CMV drivers are not 
required to have in their possession a medical examiner's certificate if 
the driver has been issued, and possesses, a valid commercial driver 
license issued by the United Mexican States, or a Canadian Province or 
Territory, and whose license and medical status, including any waiver or 
exemption, can be electronically verified. Drivers from any of the 
countries who have received a medical authorization that deviates from 
the mutually accepted compatible medical standards of the resident 
country are not qualified to drive a CMV in the other countries. For 
example, Canadian drivers who do not meet the medical fitness provisions 
of the Canadian National Safety Code for Motor Carriers but are issued a 
waiver by one of the Canadian Provinces or Territories, are not 
qualified to drive a CMV in the United States. In addition, U.S. drivers 
who received a medical variance from FMCSA are not qualified to drive a 
CMV in Canada.
    (ii) A person who qualifies for the medical examiner's certificate 
by virtue of having obtained a medical variance from FMCSA, in the form 
of an exemption letter or a skill performance evaluation certificate, 
must have on his or her person a copy of the variance documentation when 
on-duty.
    (2) CDL/CLP exception. (i)(A) Beginning on January 30, 2015 and 
through June 22, 2025, a driver required to have a commercial driver's 
license under part 383 of this chapter, and who submitted a current 
medical examiner's certificate to the State in accordance with 49 CFR 
383.71(h) documenting that he or she meets the physical qualification 
requirements of this part, no longer needs to carry on his or her person 
the medical examiner's certificate specified at Sec.  391.43(h), or a 
copy, for more than 15 days after the date it was issued as valid proof 
of medical certification.
    (B) On or after June 23, 2025, a driver required to have a 
commercial driver's license or a commercial learner's permit under 49 
CFR part 383, and who has a current medical examiner's certificate 
documenting that he or she meets the physical qualification requirements 
of this part, no longer needs to carry on his or her person the medical 
examiner's certificate specified at Sec.  391.43(h).
    (ii) Beginning on July 8, 2015, and through June 22, 2025, a driver 
required to have a commercial learner's permit under part 383 of this 
chapter, and who submitted a current medical examiner's certificate to 
the State in accordance with Sec.  383.71(h) of this chapter documenting 
that he or she meets the physical qualification requirements of this 
part, no longer needs to carry on his or her person the medical 
examiner's certificate specified at Sec.  391.43(h), or a copy for more 
than 15 days after the date it was issued as valid proof of medical 
certification.
    (iii) A CDL or CLP holder required by Sec.  383.71(h) of this 
chapter to obtain a medical examiner's certificate, who obtained such by 
virtue of having obtained a medical variance from FMCSA, must continue 
to have in his or her possession the original or copy of that medical 
variance documentation at all times when on-duty.
    (iv) In the event of a conflict between the medical certification 
information provided electronically by FMCSA and a paper copy of the 
medical examiner's certificate, the medical certification

[[Page 499]]

information provided electronically by FMCSA shall control.
    (3) A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if:
    (i) That person meets the physical qualification standards in 
paragraph (b) of this section and has complied with the medical 
examination requirements in Sec.  391.43; or
    (ii) That person obtained from FMCSA a medical variance from the 
physical qualification standards in paragraph (b) of this section and 
has complied with the medical examination requirement in Sec.  391.43.
    (b) A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person--
    (1) Has no loss of a foot, a leg, a hand, or an arm, or has been 
granted a skill performance evaluation certificate pursuant to Sec.  
391.49;
    (2) Has no impairment of:
    (i) A hand or finger which interferes with prehension or power 
grasping; or
    (ii) An arm, foot, or leg which interferes with the ability to 
perform normal tasks associated with operating a commercial motor 
vehicle; or any other significant limb defect or limitation which 
interferes with the ability to perform normal tasks associated with 
operating a commercial motor vehicle; or has been granted a skill 
performance evaluation certificate pursuant to Sec.  391.49;
    (3) Has no established medical history or clinical diagnosis of 
diabetes mellitus currently treated with insulin for control, unless the 
person meets the requirements in Sec.  391.46;
    (4) Has no current clinical diagnosis of myocardial infarction, 
angina pectoris, coronary insufficiency, thrombosis, or any other 
cardiovascular disease of a variety known to be accompanied by syncope, 
dyspnea, collapse, or congestive cardiac failure;
    (5) Has no established medical history or clinical diagnosis of a 
respiratory dysfunction likely to interfere with his/her ability to 
control and drive a commercial motor vehicle safely;
    (6) Has no current clinical diagnosis of high blood pressure likely 
to interfere with his/her ability to operate a commercial motor vehicle 
safely;
    (7) Has no established medical history or clinical diagnosis of 
rheumatic, arthritic, orthopedic, muscular, neuromuscular, or vascular 
disease which interferes with his/her ability to control and operate a 
commercial motor vehicle safely;
    (8) Has no established medical history or clinical diagnosis of 
epilepsy or any other condition which is likely to cause loss of 
consciousness or any loss of ability to control a commercial motor 
vehicle;
    (9) Has no mental, nervous, organic, or functional disease or 
psychiatric disorder likely to interfere with his/her ability to drive a 
commercial motor vehicle safely;
    (10)(i) Has distant visual acuity of at least 20/40 (Snellen) in 
each eye without corrective lenses or visual acuity separately corrected 
to 20/40 (Snellen) or better with corrective lenses, distant binocular 
acuity of at least 20/40 (Snellen) in both eyes with or without 
corrective lenses, field of vision of at least 70[deg] in the horizontal 
meridian in each eye, and the ability to recognize the colors of traffic 
signals and devices showing standard red, green, and amber; or
    (ii) Meets the requirements in Sec.  391.44, if the person does not 
satisfy, with the worse eye, either the distant visual acuity standard 
with corrective lenses or the field of vision standard, or both, in 
paragraph (b)(10)(i) of this section;
    (11) First perceives a forced whispered voice in the better ear at 
not less than 5 feet with or without the use of a hearing aid or, if 
tested by use of an audiometric device, does not have an average hearing 
loss in the better ear greater than 40 decibels at 500 Hz, 1,000 Hz, and 
2,000 Hz with or without a hearing aid when the audiometric device is 
calibrated to American National Standard (formerly ASA Standard) Z24.5--
1951;
    (12)(i) Does not use any drug or substance identified in 21 CFR 
1308.11 Schedule I, an amphetamine, a narcotic, or other habit-forming 
drug; or
    (ii) Does not use any non-Schedule I drug or substance that is 
identified in the other Schedules in 21 CFR part 1308 except when the 
use is prescribed by a licensed medical practitioner, as defined in 
Sec.  382.107 of this chapter, who is

[[Page 500]]

familiar with the driver's medical history and has advised the driver 
that the substance will not adversely affect the driver's ability to 
safely operate a commercial motor vehicle; and
    (13) Has no current clinical diagnosis of alcoholism.

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
391.41, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.



Sec.  391.43  Medical examination; certificate of physical examination.

    (a) Except as provided by paragraph (b) of this section, the medical 
examination must be performed by a medical examiner listed on the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners under subpart D of part 
390 of this chapter.
    (b) Exceptions:
    (1) A licensed ophthalmologist or licensed optometrist may perform 
the part of the medical examination that involves visual acuity, field 
of vision, and the ability to recognize colors as specified in Sec.  
391.41(b)(10).
    (2) A certified VA medical examiner must only perform medical 
examinations of veteran operators.
    (c) Medical examiners shall:
    (1) Be knowledgeable of the specific physical and mental demands 
associated with operating a commercial motor vehicle and the 
requirements of this subpart, including the medical advisory criteria 
prepared by the FMCSA as guidelines to aid the medical examiner in 
making the qualification determination; and
    (2) Be proficient in the use of and use the medical protocols 
necessary to adequately perform the medical examination required by this 
section.
    (d) Any driver authorized to operate a commercial motor vehicle 
within an exempt intracity zone pursuant to Sec.  391.62 of this part 
shall furnish the examining medical examiner with a copy of the medical 
findings that led to the issuance of the first certificate of medical 
examination which allowed the driver to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle wholly within an exempt intracity zone.
    (e) Any driver operating under a limited exemption authorized by 
Sec.  391.64 shall furnish the medical examiner with a copy of the 
annual medical findings of the ophthalmologist or optometrist, as 
required under Sec.  391.64. If the medical examiner finds the driver 
qualified under the limited exemption in Sec.  391.64, such fact shall 
be noted on the Medical Examiner's Certificate.
    (f) The medical examination shall be performed, and its results 
shall be recorded on the Medical Examination Report Form, MCSA-5875, set 
out in this paragraph (f):

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    (g) Upon completion of the medical examination required by this 
subpart:
    (1) The medical examiner must date and sign the Medical Examination 
Report and provide his or her full name, office address, and telephone 
number on the Report.

[[Page 510]]

    (2)(i) Before June 23, 2025, if the medical examiner finds that the 
person examined is physically qualified to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle in accordance with Sec.  391.41(b), he or she must complete a 
certificate in the form prescribed in paragraph (h) of this section and 
furnish the original to the person who was examined. The examiner must 
provide a copy to a prospective or current employing motor carrier who 
requests it.
    (ii) On or after June 23, 2025, if the medical examiner identifies 
that the person examined will not be operating a commercial motor 
vehicle that requires a commercial driver's license or a commercial 
learner's permit and finds that the driver is physically qualified to 
operate a commercial motor vehicle in accordance with Sec.  391.41(b), 
he or she must complete a certificate in the form prescribed in 
paragraph (h) of this section and furnish the original to the person who 
was examined. The examiner must provide a copy to a prospective or 
current employing motor carrier who requests it.
    (3) On or after June 23, 2025, if the medical examiner finds that 
the person examined is not physically qualified to operate a commercial 
motor vehicle in accordance with Sec.  391.41(b), he or she must inform 
the person examined that he or she is not physically qualified, and that 
this information will be reported to FMCSA. All medical examiner's 
certificates previously issued to the person are not valid and no longer 
satisfy the requirements of Sec.  391.41(a).
    (4) Beginning December 22, 2015, if the medical examiner finds that 
the determination of whether the person examined is physically qualified 
to operate a commercial motor vehicle in accordance with Sec.  391.41(b) 
should be delayed to receive additional information or to conduct 
further examination in order for the medical examiner to make such 
determination, he or she must inform the person examined that the 
additional information must be provided or the further examination 
completed within 45 days, and that the pending status of the examination 
will be reported to FMCSA.
    (5)(i)(A) Once every calendar month, beginning May 21, 2014 and 
ending on June 22, 2018, the medical examiner must electronically 
transmit to FMCSA, via a secure Web account on the National Registry, a 
completed CMV Driver Medical Examination Results Form, MCSA-5850. The 
Form must include all information specified for each medical examination 
conducted during the previous month for any driver who is required to be 
examined by a medical examiner listed on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners.
    (B) Beginning June 22, 2018 by midnight (local time) of the next 
calendar day after the medical examiner completes a medical examination 
for any driver who is required to be examined by a medical examiner 
listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, the 
medical examiner must electronically transmit to FMCSA, via a secure 
FMCSA-designated Web site, a completed CMV Driver Medical Examination 
Results Form, MCSA-5850. The Form must include all information specified 
for each medical examination conducted for each driver who is required 
to be examined by a medical examiner listed on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners in accordance with the provisions of this 
subpart E, and should also include information for each driver who is 
required by a State to be examined by a medical examiner listed on the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners in accordance with the 
provisions of this subpart E and any variances from those provisions 
adopted by such State.
    (ii) Beginning on June 22, 2015, if the medical examiner does not 
perform a medical examination of any driver who is required to be 
examined by a medical examiner listed on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners during any calendar month, the medical 
examiner must report that fact to FMCSA, via a secure FMCSA-designated 
Web site, by the close of business on the last day of such month.
    (h) The medical examiner's certificate shall be completed in 
accordance with the following Form MCSA-5876, Medical Examiner's 
Certificate:

[[Page 511]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR04OC16.150

    (i) Each original (paper or electronic) completed Medical 
Examination Report and a copy or electronic version of each medical 
examiner's certificate must be retained on file at the office of the 
medical examiner for at least 3 years from the date of examination. The 
medical examiner must make all records and information in these files 
available to an authorized representative of FMCSA or an authorized 
Federal, State, or local enforcement agency representative, within 48 
hours after the request is made.

[35 FR 6460, Apr. 22, 1970]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
391.43, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.



Sec.  391.44  Physical qualification standards for an individual who
does not satisfy, with the worse eye, either the distant visual acuity
standard with corrective lenses or the field of vision standard, or both.

    (a) General. An individual who does not satisfy, with the worse eye, 
either the distant visual acuity standard with corrective lenses or the 
field of vision standard, or both, in Sec.  391.41(b)(10)(i) is 
physically qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle in interstate 
commerce provided:
    (1) The individual meets the other physical qualification standards 
in Sec.  391.41 or has an exemption or skill performance evaluation 
certificate, if required; and
    (2) The individual has the vision evaluation required by paragraph 
(b) of this section and the medical examination required by paragraph 
(c) of this section.
    (b) Evaluation by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. Prior to the 
examination required by Sec.  391.45 or the expiration of a medical 
examiner's certificate, the

[[Page 512]]

individual must be evaluated by a licensed ophthalmologist or licensed 
optometrist.
    (1) During the evaluation of the individual, the ophthalmologist or 
optometrist must complete the Vision Evaluation Report, Form MCSA-5871.
    (2) Upon completion of the Vision Evaluation Report, Form MCSA-5871, 
the ophthalmologist or optometrist must sign and date the Report and 
provide the ophthalmologist or optometrist's full name, office address, 
and telephone number on the Report.
    (c) Examination by a medical examiner. At least annually, an 
individual who does not satisfy, with the worse eye, either the distant 
visual acuity standard with corrective lenses or the field of vision 
standard, or both, in Sec.  391.41(b)(10)(i) must be medically examined 
and certified by a medical examiner as physically qualified to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle in accordance with Sec.  391.43. The 
examination must begin not more than 45 days after an ophthalmologist or 
optometrist signs and dates the Vision Evaluation Report, Form MCSA-
5871.
    (1) The medical examiner must receive a completed Vision Evaluation 
Report, Form MCSA-5871, signed and dated by an ophthalmologist or 
optometrist for each required examination. This Report shall be treated 
and retained as part of the Medical Examination Report Form, MCSA-5875.
    (2) The medical examiner must determine whether the individual meets 
the physical qualification standards in Sec.  391.41 to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle. In making that determination, the medical 
examiner must consider the information in the Vision Evaluation Report, 
Form MCSA-5871, signed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist and, 
utilizing independent medical judgment, apply the following standards in 
determining whether the individual may be certified as physically 
qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle.
    (i) The individual is not physically qualified to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle if, in the better eye, the distant visual 
acuity is not at least 20/40 (Snellen), with or without corrective 
lenses, and the field of vision is not at least 70[deg] in the 
horizontal meridian.
    (ii) The individual is not physically qualified to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle if the individual is not able to recognize the 
colors of traffic signals and devices showing standard red, green, and 
amber.
    (iii) The individual is not physically qualified to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle if the individual's vision deficiency is not 
stable.
    (iv) The individual is not physically qualified to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle if sufficient time has not passed since the 
vision deficiency became stable to allow the individual to adapt to and 
compensate for the change in vision.
    (d) Road test. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (d)(3), (4), and 
(5) of this section, an individual physically qualified under this 
section for the first time shall not drive a commercial motor vehicle 
until the individual has successfully completed a road test subsequent 
to physical qualification and has been issued a certificate of driver's 
road test in accordance with Sec.  391.31. An individual physically 
qualified under this section for the first time must inform the motor 
carrier responsible for completing the road test under Sec.  391.31(b) 
that the individual is required by paragraph (d) of this section to have 
a road test. The motor carrier must conduct the road test in accordance 
with Sec.  391.31(b) thorough (g).
    (2) For road tests required by paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the 
provisions of Sec.  391.33 for the equivalent of a road test do not 
apply. If an individual required to have a road test by paragraph (d)(1) 
of this section successfully completes the road test and is issued a 
certificate of driver's road test in accordance with Sec.  391.31, then 
any otherwise applicable provisions of Sec.  391.33 will apply 
thereafter to such individual.
    (3) An individual physically qualified under this section for the 
first time is not required to complete a road test in accordance with 
Sec.  391.31 if the motor carrier responsible for completing the road 
test under Sec.  391.31(b) determines the individual possessed a valid 
commercial driver's license or non-commercial driver's license to 
operate, and

[[Page 513]]

did operate, a commercial motor vehicle in either intrastate commerce or 
in interstate commerce excepted by Sec.  390.3T(f) of this subchapter or 
Sec.  391.2 from the requirements of this subpart with the vision 
deficiency for the 3-year period immediately preceding the date of 
physical qualification under this section for the first time.
    (i) The individual must certify in writing to the motor carrier the 
date the vision deficiency began.
    (ii) If the motor carrier determines the individual possessed a 
valid commercial driver's license or non-commercial driver's license to 
operate, and did operate, a commercial motor vehicle in either 
intrastate commerce or in interstate commerce excepted by either Sec.  
390.3T(f) of this subchapter or Sec.  391.2 from the requirements of 
this subpart with the vision deficiency for the 3-year period 
immediately preceding the date of physical qualification in accordance 
with this section for the first time, the motor carrier must--
    (A) Prepare a written statement to the effect that the motor carrier 
determined the individual possessed a valid license and operated a 
commercial motor vehicle in intrastate or in the specific excepted 
interstate commerce (as applicable) with the vision deficiency for the 
3-year period immediately preceding the date of physical qualification 
in accordance with this section for the first time and, therefore, is 
not required by paragraph (d) of this section to complete a road test;
    (B) Give the individual a copy of the written statement; and
    (C) Retain in the individual's driver qualification file the 
original of the written statement and the original, or a copy, of the 
individual's certification regarding the date the vision deficiency 
began.
    (4) An individual physically qualified under this section for the 
first time is not required to complete a road test in accordance with 
Sec.  391.31 if the individual held on March 22, 2022, a valid exemption 
from the vision standard in Sec.  391.41(b)(10)(i) issued by FMCSA under 
49 CFR part 381. Such an individual is not required to inform the motor 
carrier that the individual is excepted from the requirement in 
paragraph (d)(1) of this section to have a road test.
    (5) An individual physically qualified under this section for the 
first time is not required to complete a road test in accordance with 
Sec.  391.31 if the individual was medically certified on March 22, 
2022, under the provisions of Sec.  391.64(b) for drivers who 
participated in a previous vision waiver study program. Such an 
individual is not required to inform the motor carrier that the 
individual is excepted from the requirement in paragraph (d)(1) of this 
section to have a road test.

[87 FR 3417, Jan. 21, 2022]



Sec.  391.45  Persons who must be medically examined and certified.

    The following persons must be medically examined and certified in 
accordance with Sec.  391.43 as physically qualified to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle:
    (a) Any person who has not been medically examined and certified as 
physically qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle;
    (b) Any driver who has not been medically examined and certified as 
qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle during the preceding 24 
months, unless the driver is required to be examined and certified in 
accordance with paragraph (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), or (h) of this 
section;
    (c) Any driver authorized to operate a commercial motor vehicle only 
within an exempt intra-city zone pursuant to Sec.  391.62, if such 
driver has not been medically examined and certified as qualified to 
drive in such zone during the preceding 12 months;
    (d) Any driver authorized to operate a commercial motor vehicle only 
by operation of the exemption in Sec.  391.64, if such driver has not 
been medically examined and certified as qualified to drive during the 
preceding 12 months;
    (e) Any driver who has diabetes mellitus treated with insulin for 
control and who has obtained a medical examiner's certificate under the 
standards in Sec.  391.46, if such driver's most recent medical 
examination and certification as qualified to drive did not occur during 
the preceding 12 months;
    (f) Any driver who does not satisfy, with the worse eye, either the 
distant

[[Page 514]]

visual acuity standard with corrective lenses or the field of vision 
standard, or both, in Sec.  391.41(b)(10)(i) and who has obtained a 
medical examiner's certificate under the standards in Sec.  391.44, if 
such driver's most recent medical examination and certification as 
qualified to drive did not occur during the preceding 12 months;
    (g) Any driver whose ability to perform his or her normal duties has 
been impaired by a physical or mental injury or disease; and
    (h) On or after June 23, 2025, any person found by a medical 
examiner not to be physically qualified to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle under the provisions of paragraph (g)(3) of Sec.  391.43.

[83 FR 47520, Sept. 19, 2018, as amended at 86 FR 32651, June 22, 2021; 
87 FR 3419, Jan. 21, 2022]



Sec.  391.46  Physical qualification standards for an individual
with diabetes mellitus treated with insulin for control.

    (a) Diabetes mellitus treated with insulin. An individual with 
diabetes mellitus treated with insulin for control is physically 
qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle provided:
    (1) The individual otherwise meets the physical qualification 
standards in Sec.  391.41 or has an exemption or skill performance 
evaluation certificate, if required; and
    (2) The individual has the evaluation required by paragraph (b) and 
the medical examination required by paragraph (c) of this section.
    (b) Evaluation by the treating clinician. Prior to the examination 
required by Sec.  391.45 or the expiration of a medical examiner's 
certificate, the individual must be evaluated by his or her ``treating 
clinician.'' For purposes of this section, ``treating clinician'' means 
a healthcare professional who manages, and prescribes insulin for, the 
treatment of the individual's diabetes mellitus as authorized by the 
healthcare professional's State licensing authority.
    (1) During the evaluation of the individual, the treating clinician 
must complete the Insulin-Treated Diabetes Mellitus Assessment Form, 
MCSA-5870.
    (2) Upon completion of the Insulin-Treated Diabetes Mellitus 
Assessment Form, MCSA-5870, the treating clinician must sign and date 
the Form and provide his or her full name, office address, and telephone 
number on the Form.
    (c) Medical examiner's examination. At least annually, but no later 
than 45 days after the treating clinician signs and dates the Insulin-
Treated Diabetes Mellitus Assessment Form, MCSA-5870, an individual with 
diabetes mellitus treated with insulin for control must be medically 
examined and certified by a medical examiner as physically qualified in 
accordance with Sec.  391.43 and as free of complications from diabetes 
mellitus that might impair his or her ability to operate a commercial 
motor vehicle safely.
    (1) The medical examiner must receive a completed Insulin-Treated 
Diabetes Mellitus Assessment Form, MCSA-5870, signed and dated by the 
individual's treating clinician for each required examination. This Form 
shall be treated and retained as part of the Medical Examination Report 
Form, MCSA-5875.
    (2) The medical examiner must determine whether the individual meets 
the physical qualification standards in Sec.  391.41 to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle. In making that determination, the medical 
examiner must consider the information in the Insulin-Treated Diabetes 
Mellitus Assessment Form, MCSA-5870, signed by the treating clinician 
and, utilizing independent medical judgment, apply the following 
qualification standards in determining whether the individual with 
diabetes mellitus treated with insulin for control may be certified as 
physically qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle.
    (i) The individual is not physically qualified to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle if he or she is not maintaining a stable 
insulin regimen and not properly controlling his or her diabetes 
mellitus.
    (ii) The individual is not physically qualified on a permanent basis 
to operate a commercial motor vehicle if he or she has either severe 
non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative diabetic 
retinopathy.
    (iii) The individual is not physically qualified to operate a 
commercial

[[Page 515]]

motor vehicle up to the maximum 12-month period under Sec.  391.45(e) 
until he or she provides the treating clinician with at least the 
preceding 3 months of electronic blood glucose self-monitoring records 
while being treated with insulin that are generated in accordance with 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (iv) The individual who does not provide the treating clinician with 
at least the preceding 3 months of electronic blood glucose self-
monitoring records while being treated with insulin that are generated 
in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section is not physically 
qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle for more than 3 months. 
If 3 months of compliant electronic blood glucose self-monitoring 
records are then provided by the individual to the treating clinician 
and the treating clinician completes a new Insulin-Treated Diabetes 
Mellitus Assessment Form, MCSA-5870, the medical examiner may issue a 
medical examiner's certificate that is valid for up to the maximum 12-
month period allowed by Sec.  391.45(e) and paragraph (c)(2)(iii) of 
this section.
    (d) Blood glucose self-monitoring records. Individuals with diabetes 
mellitus treated with insulin for control must self-monitor blood 
glucose in accordance with the specific treatment plan prescribed by the 
treating clinician. Such individuals must maintain blood glucose records 
measured with an electronic glucometer that stores all readings, that 
records the date and time of readings, and from which data can be 
electronically downloaded. A printout of the electronic blood glucose 
records or the glucometer must be provided to the treating clinician at 
the time of any of the evaluations required by this section.
    (e) Severe hypoglycemic episodes. (1) An individual with diabetes 
mellitus treated with insulin for control who experiences a severe 
hypoglycemic episode after being certified as physically qualified to 
operate a commercial motor vehicle is prohibited from operating a 
commercial motor vehicle, and must report such occurrence to and be 
evaluated by a treating clinician as soon as is reasonably practicable. 
A severe hypoglycemic episode is one that requires the assistance of 
others, or results in loss of consciousness, seizure, or coma. The 
prohibition on operating a commercial motor vehicle continues until a 
treating clinician:
    (i) Has determined that the cause of the severe hypoglycemic episode 
has been addressed;
    (ii) Has determined that the individual is maintaining a stable 
insulin regimen and proper control of his or her diabetes mellitus; and
    (iii) Completes a new Insulin-Treated Diabetes Mellitus Assessment 
Form, MCSA-5870.
    (2) The individual must retain the Form and provide it to the 
medical examiner at the individual's next medical examination.

[83 FR 47520, Sept. 19, 2018, as amended at 84 FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  391.47  Resolution of conflicts of medical evaluation.

    (a) Applications. Applications for determination of a driver's 
medical qualifications under standards in this part will only be 
accepted if they conform to the requirements of this section.
    (b) Content. Applications will be accepted for consideration only if 
the following conditions are met.
    (1) The application must contain the name and address of the driver, 
motor carrier, and all physicians involved in the proceeding.
    (2) The applicant must submit proof that there is a disagreement 
between the physician for the driver and the physician for the motor 
carrier concerning the driver's qualifications.
    (3) The applicant must submit a copy of an opinion and report 
including results of all tests of an impartial medical specialist in the 
field in which the medical conflict arose. The specialist should be one 
agreed to by the motor carrier and the driver.
    (i) In cases where the driver refuses to agree on a specialist and 
the applicant is the motor carrier, the applicant must submit a 
statement of his/her agreement to submit the matter to an impartial 
medical specialist in the field, proof that he/she has requested the 
driver to submit to the medical specialist, and the response, if any, of 
the driver to his/her request.

[[Page 516]]

    (ii) In cases where the motor carrier refuses to agree on a medical 
specialist, the driver must submit an opinion and test results of an 
impartial medical specialist, proof that he/she has requested the motor 
carrier to agree to submit the matter to the medical specialist and the 
response, if any, of the motor carrier to his/her request.
    (4) The applicant must include a statement explaining in detail why 
the decision of the medical specialist identified in paragraph (b)(3) of 
this section, is unacceptable.
    (5) The applicant must submit proof that the medical specialist 
mentioned in paragraph (b)(3) of this section was provided, prior to 
his/her determination, the medical history of the driver and an agreed-
upon statement of the work the driver performs.
    (6) The applicant must submit the medical history and statement of 
work provided to the medical specialist under paragraph (b)(5) of this 
section.
    (7) The applicant must submit all medical records and statements of 
the physicians who have given opinions on the driver's qualifications.
    (8) The applicant must submit a description and a copy of all 
written and documentary evidence upon which the party making application 
relies in the form set out in 49 CFR 386.37.
    (9) The application must be accompanied by a statement of the driver 
that he/she intends to drive in interstate commerce not subject to the 
commercial zone exemption or a statement of the carrier that he/she has 
used or intends to use the driver for such work.
    (10) The applicant must submit three copies of the application and 
all records.
    (c) Information. FMCSA (MC-PS) may request further information from 
the applicant if he/she determines that a decision cannot be made on the 
evidence submitted. If the applicant fails to submit the information 
requested, FMCSA may refuse to issue a determination.
    (d)(1) Action. Upon receiving a satisfactory application FMCSA (MC-
PS) shall notify the parties (the driver, motor carrier, or any other 
interested party) that the application has been accepted and that a 
determination will be made. A copy of all evidence received shall be 
attached to the notice.
    (2) Reply. Any party may submit a reply to the notification within 
15 days after service. Such reply must be accompanied by all evidence 
the party wants FMCSA (MC-PS) to consider in making his/her 
determination. Evidence submitted should include all medical records and 
test results upon which the party relies.
    (3) Parties. A party for the purposes of this section includes the 
motor carrier and the driver, or anyone else submitting an application.
    (e) Petitions to review, burden of proof. The driver or motor 
carrier may petition to review the FMCSA's determination. Such petition 
must be submitted in accordance with Sec.  386.13(a) of this chapter. 
The burden of proof in such a proceeding is on the petitioner.
    (f) Status of driver. Once an application is submitted to FMCSA (MC-
PS), the driver shall be deemed disqualified until such time as FMCSA 
(MC-PS) makes a determination, or until FMCSA (MC-PS) orders otherwise.

[42 FR 18081, Apr. 5, 1977, as amended at 42 FR 53966, Oct. 4, 1977; 60 
FR 38746, July 28, 1995; 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 78 FR 58483, Sept. 
24, 2013; 80 FR 59075, Oct. 1, 2015; 86 FR 57074, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  391.49  Alternative physical qualification standards for the
loss or impairment of limbs.

    (a) A person who is not physically qualified to drive under Sec.  
391.41(b)(1) or (2) and who is otherwise qualified to drive a commercial 
motor vehicle, may drive a commercial motor vehicle if FMCSA has granted 
a Skill Performance Evaluation (SPE) Certificate to that person.
    (b)(1) Application. A letter of application for an SPE certificate 
may be submitted jointly by the person (driver applicant) who seeks an 
SPE certificate and by the motor carrier that will employ the driver 
applicant, if the application is accepted.
    (2) Application address. The application must be addressed to the 
SPE Certificate Program at the applicable FMCSA service center for the 
State in which the co-applicant motor carrier's principal place of 
business is located. The address of each, and the States

[[Page 517]]

serviced, are listed in Sec.  390.27 of this chapter.
    (3) Exception. A letter of application for an SPE certificate may be 
submitted unilaterally by a driver applicant. The application must be 
addressed to the field service center, FMCSA, for the State in which the 
driver has legal residence. The driver applicant must comply with all 
the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section except those in 
(c)(1)(i) and (iii). The driver applicant shall respond to the 
requirements of paragraphs (c)(2)(i) to (v) of this section, if the 
information is known.
    (c) A letter of application for an SPE certificate shall contain:
    (1) Identification of the applicant(s):
    (i) Name and complete address of the motor carrier co-applicant;
    (ii) Name and complete address of the driver applicant;
    (iii) The U.S. DOT Motor Carrier Identification Number, if known; 
and
    (iv) A description of the driver applicant's limb impairment for 
which SPE certificate is requested.
    (2) Description of the type of operation the driver will be employed 
to perform:
    (i) State(s) in which the driver will operate for the motor carrier 
co-applicant (if more than 10 States, designate general geographic area 
only);
    (ii) Average period of time the driver will be driving and/or on 
duty, per day;
    (iii) Type of commodities or cargo to be transported;
    (iv) Type of driver operation (i.e., sleeper team, relay, owner 
operator, etc.); and
    (v) Number of years experience operating the type of commercial 
motor vehicle(s) requested in the letter of application and total years 
of experience operating all types of commercial motor vehicles.
    (3) Description of the commercial motor vehicle(s) the driver 
applicant intends to drive:
    (i) Truck, truck tractor, or bus make, model, and year (if known);
    (ii) Drive train;
    (A) Transmission type (automatic or manual--if manual, designate 
number of forward speeds);
    (B) Auxiliary transmission (if any) and number of forward speeds; 
and
    (C) Rear axle (designate single speed, 2 speed, or 3 speed).
    (iii) Type of brake system;
    (iv) Steering, manual or power assisted;
    (v) Description of type of trailer(s) (i.e., van, flatbed, cargo 
tank, drop frame, lowboy, or pole);
    (vi) Number of semitrailers or full trailers to be towed at one 
time;
    (vii) For commercial motor vehicles designed to transport 
passengers, indicate the seating capacity of commercial motor vehicle; 
and
    (viii) Description of any modification(s) made to the commercial 
motor vehicle for the driver applicant; attach photograph(s) where 
applicable.
    (4) Otherwise qualified:
    (i) The co-applicant motor carrier must certify that the driver 
applicant is otherwise qualified under the regulations of this part;
    (ii) In the case of a unilateral application, the driver applicant 
must certify that he/she is otherwise qualified under the regulations of 
this part.
    (5) Signature of applicant(s):
    (i) Driver applicant's signature and date signed;
    (ii) Motor carrier official's signature (if application has a co-
applicant), title, and date signed. Depending upon the motor carrier's 
organizational structure (corporation, partnership, or proprietorship), 
the signer of the application shall be an officer, partner, or the 
proprietor.
    (d) The letter of application for an SPE certificate shall be 
accompanied by:
    (1) A copy of the Medical Examination Report Form, MCSA-5875, 
documenting the results of the medical examination performed pursuant to 
Sec.  391.43;
    (2) A copy of the Medical Examiner's Certificate, Form MCSA-5876, 
completed pursuant to Sec.  391.43(h);
    (3) A medical evaluation summary completed by either a board 
qualified or board certified physiatrist (doctor of physical medicine) 
or orthopedic surgeon. The co-applicant motor carrier or the driver 
applicant shall provide the physiatrist or orthopedic surgeon with a 
description of the job-related tasks the driver applicant will be 
required to perform;

[[Page 518]]

    (i) The medical evaluation summary for a driver applicant 
disqualified under Sec.  391.41(b)(1) shall include:
    (A) An assessment of the functional capabilities of the driver as 
they relate to the ability of the driver to perform normal tasks 
associated with operating a commercial motor vehicle; and
    (B) A statement by the examiner that the applicant is capable of 
demonstrating precision prehension (e.g., manipulating knobs and 
switches) and power grasp prehension (e.g., holding and maneuvering the 
steering wheel) with each upper limb separately. This requirement does 
not apply to an individual who was granted a waiver, absent a prosthetic 
device, prior to the publication of this amendment.
    (ii) The medical evaluation summary for a driver applicant 
disqualified under Sec.  391.41(b)(2) shall include:
    (A) An explanation as to how and why the impairment interferes with 
the ability of the applicant to perform normal tasks associated with 
operating a commercial motor vehicle;
    (B) An assessment and medical opinion of whether the condition will 
likely remain medically stable over the lifetime of the driver 
applicant; and
    (C) A statement by the examiner that the applicant is capable of 
demonstrating precision prehension (e.g., manipulating knobs and 
switches) and power grasp prehension (e.g., holding and maneuvering the 
steering wheel) with each upper limb separately. This requirement does 
not apply to an individual who was granted an SPE certificate, absent an 
orthotic device, prior to the publication of this amendment.
    (4) A description of the driver applicant's prosthetic or orthotic 
device worn, if any;
    (5) Road test:
    (i) A copy of the driver applicant's road test administered by the 
motor carrier co-applicant and the certificate issued pursuant to Sec.  
391.31(b) through (g); or
    (ii) A unilateral applicant shall be responsible for having a road 
test administered by a motor carrier or a person who is competent to 
administer the test and evaluate its results.
    (6) Application for employment:
    (i) A copy of the driver applicant's application for employment 
completed pursuant to Sec.  391.21; or
    (ii) A unilateral applicant shall be responsible for submitting a 
copy of the last commercial driving position's employment application 
he/she held. If not previously employed as a commercial driver, so 
state.
    (7) A copy of the driver applicant's SPE certificate of certain 
physical defects issued by the individual State(s), where applicable; 
and
    (8) A copy of the driver applicant's State Motor Vehicle Driving 
Record for the past 3 years from each State in which a motor vehicle 
driver's license or permit has been obtained.
    (e) A motor carrier that employs a driver with an SPE certificate 
agrees to:
    (1) File promptly (within 30 days of the involved incident) with the 
SPE Certificate Program, FMCSA service center, such documents and 
information as may be required about driving activities, accidents, 
arrests, license suspensions, revocations, or withdrawals, and 
convictions which involve the driver applicant. This paragraph (e)(1) 
applies whether the driver SPE certificate is a unilateral one or has a 
co-applicant motor carrier;
    (i) A motor carrier who is a co-applicant must file the required 
documents with the SPE Certificate Program, FMCSA service center, for 
the State in which the carrier's principal place of business is located; 
or
    (ii) A motor carrier who employs a driver who has been issued a 
unilateral SPE certificate must file the required documents with the SPE 
Certificate Program, FMCSA service center, for the State in which the 
driver has legal residence.
    (2) Evaluate the driver with a road test using the trailer the motor 
carrier intends the driver to transport or, in lieu of, accept a 
certificate of a trailer road test from another motor carrier if the 
trailer type(s) is similar, or accept the trailer road test done during 
the Skill Performance Evaluation if it is a similar trailer type(s) to 
that of the prospective motor carrier. Job tasks, as stated in paragraph 
(e)(3) of this section, are not evaluated in the Skill Performance 
Evaluation;

[[Page 519]]

    (3) Evaluate the driver for those nondriving safety related job 
tasks associated with whatever type of trailer(s) will be used and any 
other nondriving safety related or job related tasks unique to the 
operations of the employing motor carrier; and
    (4) Use the driver to operate the type of commercial motor vehicle 
defined in the SPE certificate only when the driver is in compliance 
with the conditions and limitations of the SPE certificate.
    (f) The driver shall supply each employing motor carrier with a copy 
of the SPE certificate.
    (g) FMCSA may require the driver applicant to demonstrate his or her 
ability to safely operate the commercial motor vehicle(s) the driver 
intends to drive to an agent of FMCSA. The SPE certificate form will 
identify the power unit (bus, truck, truck tractor) for which the SPE 
certificate has been granted. The SPE certificate forms will also 
identify the trailer type used in the Skill Performance Evaluation; 
however, the SPE certificate is not limited to that specific trailer 
type. A driver may use the SPE certificate with other trailer types if a 
successful trailer road test is completed in accordance with paragraph 
(e)(2) of this section. Job tasks, as stated in paragraph (e)(3) of this 
section, are not evaluated during the Skill Performance Evaluation.
    (h) FMCSA may deny the application for SPE certificate or may grant 
it totally or in part and issue the SPE certificate subject to such 
terms, conditions, and limitations as deemed consistent with the public 
interest. The SPE certificate is valid for a period not to exceed 2 
years from date of issue, and may be renewed 30 days prior to the 
expiration date.
    (i) The SPE certificate renewal application shall be submitted to 
the SPE Certificate Program, FMCSA service center, for the State in 
which the driver has legal residence, if the SPE certificate was issued 
unilaterally. If the SPE certificate has a co-applicant, then the 
renewal application is submitted to the SPE Certificate Program, FMCSA 
service center, for the State in which the co-applicant motor carrier's 
principal place of business is located. The SPE certificate renewal 
application shall contain the following:
    (1) Name and complete address of motor carrier currently employing 
the applicant;
    (2) Name and complete address of the driver;
    (3) Effective date of the current SPE certificate;
    (4) Expiration date of the current SPE certificate;
    (5) Total miles driven under the current SPE certificate;
    (6) Number of accidents incurred while driving under the current SPE 
certificate, including date of the accident(s), number of fatalities, 
number of injuries, and the estimated dollar amount of property damage;
    (7) A current Medical Examination Report Form, MCSA-5875;
    (8) A medical evaluation summary pursuant to paragraph (d)(3) of 
this section, if an unstable medical condition exists. All handicapped 
conditions classified under Sec.  391.41(b)(1) are considered unstable. 
Refer to paragraph (d)(3)(ii) of this section for the condition under 
Sec.  391.41(b)(2) which may be considered medically stable.
    (9) A copy of driver's current State motor vehicle driving record 
for the period of time the current SPE certificate has been in effect;
    (10) Notification of any change in the type of tractor the driver 
will operate;
    (11) Driver's signature and date signed; and
    (12) Motor carrier coapplicant's signature and date signed.
    (j)(1) Upon granting an SPE certificate, FMCSA will notify the 
driver applicant and co-applicant motor carrier (if applicable) by 
letter. The terms, conditions, and limitations of the SPE certificate 
will be set forth. A motor carrier shall maintain a copy of the SPE 
certificate in its driver qualification file. A copy of the SPE 
certificate shall be retained in the motor carrier's file for a period 
of 3 years after the driver's employment is terminated. The driver 
applicant shall have the SPE certificate (or a legible copy) in his/her 
possession whenever on duty.
    (2) Upon successful completion of the skill performance evaluation, 
FMCSA

[[Page 520]]

must notify the driver by letter and enclose an SPE certificate 
substantially in the following form:

Skill Performance Evaluation Certificate

Name of Issuing Agency:_________________________________________________
Agency Address:_________________________________________________________
Telephone Number: ( )___________________________________________________
Issued Under 49 CFR 391.49, subchapter B of the Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Regulations

Driver's Name:__________________________________________________________
Effective Date:_________________________________________________________
SSN:____________________________________________________________________
DOB:____________________________________________________________________
Expiration Date:________________________________________________________
Address:________________________________________________________________
Driver Disability:______________________________________________________
Check One: ______New ______Renewal
Driver's License:_______________________________________________________
(State) (Number)

    In accordance with 49 CFR 391.49, subchapter B of the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs), the driver application for a skill 
performance evaluation (SPE) certificate is hereby granted authorizing 
the above-named driver to operate in interstate or foreign commerce 
under the provisions set forth below. This certificate is granted for 
the period shown above, not to exceed 2 years, subject to periodic 
review as may be found necessary. This certificate may be renewed upon 
submission of a renewal application. Continuation of this certificate is 
dependent upon strict adherence by the above-named driver to the 
provisions set forth below and compliance with the FMCSRs. Any failure 
to comply with provisions herein may be cause for cancellation.
    CONDITIONS: As a condition of this certificate, reports of all 
accidents, arrests, suspensions, revocations, withdrawals of driver 
licenses or permits, and convictions involving the above-named driver 
shall be reported in writing to the Issuing Agency by the EMPLOYING 
MOTOR CARRIER within 30 days after occurrence.
    LIMITATIONS:
1. Vehicle Type (power unit):*__________________________________________
2. Vehicle modification(s):_____________________________________________
3. Prosthetic or Orthotic device(s) (Required to be Worn While Driving):
4. Additional Provision(s):_____________________________________________

    NOTICE: To all MOTOR CARRIERS employing a driver with an SPE 
certificate. This certificate is granted for the operation of the power 
unit only. It is the responsibility of the employing motor carrier to 
evaluate the driver with a road test using the trailer type(s) the motor 
carrier intends the driver to transport, or in lieu of, accept the 
trailer road test done during the SPE if it is a similar trailer type(s) 
to that of the prospective motor carrier. Also, it is the responsibility 
of the employing motor carrier to evaluate the driver for those non-
driving safety-related job tasks associated with the type of trailer(s) 
utilized, as well as, any other non-driving safety-related or job-
related tasks unique to the operations of the employing motor carrier.
    The SPE of the above-named driver was given by an SPE Evaluator. It 
was successfully completed utilizing the above-named power unit and 
________ (trailer, if applicable)
    The tractor or truck had a ________ transmission.
Please read the NOTICE paragraph above.
Name:___________________________________________________________________
Signature:______________________________________________________________
Title:__________________________________________________________________
Date:___________________________________________________________________

    (k) FMCSA may revoke an SPE certificate after the person to whom it 
was issued is given notice of the proposed revocation and has been 
allowed a reasonable opportunity to appeal.
    (l) Falsifying information in the letter of application, the renewal 
application, or falsifying information required by this section by 
either the applicant or motor carrier is prohibited.

[65 FR 25287, May 1, 2000, as amended at 65 FR 59380, Oct. 5, 2000; 67 
FR 61824, Oct. 2, 2002; 78 FR 58483, Sept. 24, 2013; 86 FR 57075, Oct. 
14, 2021]



                       Subpart F_Files and Records



Sec.  391.51  General requirements for driver qualification files.

    (a) Each motor carrier shall maintain a driver qualification file 
for each driver it employs. A driver's qualification file may be 
combined with his/her personnel file.
    (b) The qualification file for a driver must include:
    (1) The driver's application for employment completed in accordance 
with Sec.  391.21;
    (2) A copy of the motor vehicle record received from each driver's 
licensing authority pursuant to Sec.  391.23(a)(1);
    (3) The certificate of driver's road test issued to the driver 
pursuant to Sec.  391.31(e), a copy of the license or certificate which 
the motor carrier accepted as equivalent to the driver's road test 
pursuant to Sec.  391.33, or the original of the written statement 
providing that the motor carrier determined the driver is not required 
by Sec.  391.44(d) to complete a road test pursuant to Sec.  
391.44(d)(3)(ii)(A) and the

[[Page 521]]

original, or a copy, of the driver's certification required by Sec.  
391.44(d)(3)(i);
    (4) The motor vehicle record received from each driver's licensing 
authority to the annual driver record inquiry required by Sec.  
391.25(a);
    (5) A note relating to the annual review of the driver's driving 
record as required by Sec.  391.25(c)(2);
    (6)(i) The medical examiner's certificate as required by Sec.  
391.43(g) or a legible copy of the certificate.
    (ii) For CDL holders, beginning January 30, 2012, if the CDLIS motor 
vehicle record contains medical certification status information, the 
motor carrier employer must meet this requirement by obtaining the CDLIS 
motor vehicle record defined at Sec.  384.105 of this chapter. That 
record must be obtained from the current licensing State and placed in 
the driver qualification file. After January 30, 2015, a non-excepted, 
interstate CDL holder without medical certification status information 
on the CDLIS motor vehicle record is designated ``not-certified'' to 
operate a CMV in interstate commerce. After January 30, 2015, and 
through June 22, 2025, a motor carrier may use a copy of the driver's 
current medical examiner's certificate that was submitted to the State 
for up to 15 days from the date it was issued as proof of medical 
certification.
    (iii) If that driver obtained the medical certification based on 
having obtained a medical variance from FMCSA, the motor carrier must 
also include a copy of the medical variance documentation in the driver 
qualification file in accordance with paragraph (b)(7) of this section;
    (7) A Skill Performance Evaluation Certificate issued by FMCSA in 
accordance with Sec.  391.49; or the Medical Exemption document issued 
by a Federal medical program in accordance with part 381 of this 
chapter; and
    (8)(i) For drivers not required to have a CDL, a note relating to 
verification of medical examiner listing on the National Registry of 
Certified Medical Examiners required by Sec.  391.23(m)(1).
    (ii) Through June 22, 2025, for drivers required to have a CDL, a 
note relating to verification of medical examiner listing on the 
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners required by Sec.  
391.23(m)(2).
    (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, each 
driver's qualification file shall be retained for as long as a driver is 
employed by that motor carrier and for three years thereafter.
    (d) The following records may be removed from a driver's 
qualification file three years after the date of execution:
    (1) The motor vehicle record received from each driver's licensing 
authority to the annual driver record inquiry required by Sec.  
391.25(a);
    (2) The note relating to the annual review of the driver's driving 
record as required by Sec.  391.25(c)(2);
    (3) The medical examiner's certificate required by Sec.  391.43(g), 
a legible copy of the certificate, or, for CDL drivers, any CDLIS MVR 
obtained as required by paragraph (b)(6)(ii) of this section;
    (4) Any medical variance issued by FMCSA, including a Skill 
Performance Evaluation Certificate issued in accordance with Sec.  
391.49; or the Medical Exemption letter issued by a Federal medical 
program in accordance with part 381 of this chapter; and
    (5) The note relating to verification of medical examiner listing on 
the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners required by Sec.  
391.23(m).

(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 
2126-004)

[63 FR 33277, June 18, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 69 
FR 16721, Mar. 30, 2004; 73 FR 73127, Dec. 1, 2008; 75 FR 28502, May 21, 
2010; 77 FR 24133, Apr. 20, 2012; 79 FR 2380, Jan. 14, 2014; 80 FR 
22822, Apr. 23, 2015; 83 FR 28782, June 21, 2018; 84 FR 51434, Sept. 30, 
2019; 86 FR 32651, June 22, 2021; 86 FR 57076, Oct. 14, 2021; 87 FR 
3419, Jan. 21, 2022; 87 FR 13209, Mar. 9, 2022]



Sec.  391.53  Driver investigation history file.

    (a) Each motor carrier must maintain records relating to the 
investigation into the safety performance history of a new or 
prospective driver pursuant to Sec.  391.23(d) and (e). This file must 
be maintained in a secure location with controlled access.
    (1) The motor carrier must ensure that access to this data is 
limited to those who are involved in the hiring decision or who control 
access to the

[[Page 522]]

data. In addition, the motor carrier's insurer may have access to the 
data, except the alcohol and controlled substances data.
    (2) This data must only be used for the hiring decision.
    (b) The file must include:
    (1) A copy of the driver's written authorization for the motor 
carrier to seek information about a driver's alcohol and controlled 
substances history as required under Sec.  391.23(f)(1).
    (2) A copy of the response(s) received for investigations required 
by paragraphs (d) and (e) of Sec.  391.23 from each previous employer, 
or documentation of good faith efforts to contact them. The record must 
include the previous employer's name and address, the date the previous 
employer was contacted, and the information received about the driver 
from the previous employer. Failures to contact a previous employer, or 
of them to provide the required safety performance history information, 
must be documented.
    (c) The safety performance histories received from previous 
employers for a driver who is hired must be retained for as long as the 
driver is employed by that motor carrier and for three years thereafter.
    (d) A motor carrier must make all records and information in this 
file available to an authorized representative or special agent of the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, an authorized State or 
local enforcement agency representative, or an authorized third party, 
upon request or as part of any inquiry within the time period specified 
by the requesting representative.

(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 
2126-004)

[69 FR 16721, Mar. 30, 2004, as amended at 84 FR 51434, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  391.55  LCV Driver-Instructor qualification files.

    (a) Each motor carrier must maintain a qualification file for each 
LCV driver-instructor it employs or uses. The LCV driver-instructor 
qualification file may be combined with his/her personnel file.
    (b) The LCV driver-instructor qualification file must include the 
information in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section for a skills 
instructor or the information in paragraph (b)(1) of this section for a 
classroom instructor, as follows:
    (1) Evidence that the instructor has met the requirements of 49 CFR 
380.301 or 380.303;
    (2) A copy of the individual's currently valid CDL with the 
appropriate endorsements.

[69 FR 16738, Mar. 30, 2004; 69 FR 28846, May 19, 2004; 83 FR 16227, 
Apr. 16, 2018]



                      Subpart G_Limited Exemptions



Sec.  391.61  Drivers who were regularly employed before January 1, 1971.

    The provisions of Sec. Sec.  391.21 (relating to applications for 
employment), 391.23 (relating to investigations and inquiries), and 
391.31 (relating to road tests) do not apply to a driver who has been a 
single-employer driver (as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter) of 
a motor carrier for a continuous period which began before January 1, 
1971, as long as he/she continues to be a single-employer driver of that 
motor carrier.

[86 FR 57076, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  391.62  Limited exemptions for intra-city zone drivers.

    The provisions of Sec. Sec.  391.11(b)(1) and 391.41(b)(1) through 
(b)(11) do not apply to a person who:
    (a) Was otherwise qualified to operate and operated a commercial 
motor vehicle in a municipality or exempt intracity zone thereof 
throughout the one-year period ending November 18, 1988;
    (b) Meets all the other requirements of this section;
    (c) Operates wholly within the exempt intracity zone (as defined in 
49 CFR 390.5);
    (d) Does not operate a vehicle used in the transportation of 
hazardous materials in a quantity requiring placarding under regulations 
issued by the Secretary under 49 U.S.C. chapter 51.; and
    (e) Has a medical or physical condition which:
    (1) Would have prevented such person from operating a commercial 
motor vehicle under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 
contained in this subchapter;

[[Page 523]]

    (2) Existed on July 1, 1988, or at the time of the first required 
physical examination after that date; and
    (3) The examining physician has determined this condition has not 
substantially worsened since July 1, 1988, or at the time of the first 
required physical examination after that date.

[61 FR 13346, Mar. 26, 1996; 61 FR 17253, Apr. 19, 1996]



Sec.  391.63  Multiple-employer drivers.

    (a) If a motor carrier employs a person as a multiple-employer 
driver (as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter), the motor carrier 
shall comply with all requirements of this part, except that the motor 
carrier need not--
    (1) Require the person to furnish an application for employment in 
accordance with Sec.  391.21;
    (2) Make the investigations and inquiries specified in Sec.  391.23 
with respect to that person;
    (3) Perform the annual driving record inquiry required by Sec.  
391.25(a); or
    (4) Perform the annual review of the person's driving record 
required by Sec.  391.25(b).
    (b) Before a motor carrier permits a multiple-employer driver to 
drive a commercial motor vehicle, the motor carrier must obtain the 
driver's name, the driver's social security number, and the 
identification number, type, and issuing driver's licensing authority of 
the driver's commercial motor vehicle operator's license. The motor 
carrier must maintain this information for three years after employment 
of the multiple-employer driver ceases.

[63 FR 33278, June 18, 1998, as amended at 79 FR 59457, Oct. 2, 2014; 87 
FR 13209, Mar. 9, 2022]



Sec.  391.64  Grandfathering for certain drivers who participated in
a vision waiver study program.

    (a) [Reserved]
    (b) Until March 22, 2023, the provisions of Sec.  391.41(b)(10) do 
not apply to a driver who was a participant in good standing on March 
31, 1996, in a waiver study program concerning the operation of 
commercial motor vehicles by drivers with visual impairment in one eye; 
provided:
    (1) The driver is physically examined every year, including an 
examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist attesting to the fact 
that the driver:
    (i) Is otherwise qualified under Sec.  391.41; and
    (ii) Continues to measure at least 20/40 (Snellen) in the better 
eye.
    (2) The driver provides a copy of the ophthalmologist or optometrist 
report to the medical examiner at the time of the annual medical 
examination.
    (3) The driver provides a copy of the annual medical certification 
to the employer for retention in the driver's qualification file and 
retains a copy of the certification on his/her person while driving for 
presentation to a duly authorized federal, state or local enforcement 
official.
    (4) On March 22, 2023, the provisions of paragraph (b) of this 
section are no longer in effect, and any medical examiner's certificate 
issued under Sec.  391.43 on the basis that the driver is qualified by 
operation of the provisions of paragraph (b) of this section, related to 
drivers with visual impairment in one eye, is void.

[61 FR 13346, Mar. 26, 1996, as amended at 83 FR 47521, Sept. 19, 2018; 
87 FR 3419, Jan. 21, 2022; 87 FR 7756, Feb. 10, 2022]



Sec.  391.65  Drivers furnished by other motor carriers.

    (a) A motor carrier may employ a driver who is not a single-employer 
driver, as defined in Sec.  390.5, of that motor carrier without 
complying with the generally applicable driver qualification file 
requirements in this part, if--
    (1) The driver is a single-employer driver for another motor 
carrier; and
    (2) That other motor carrier certifies that the driver is fully 
qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle in a written statement 
which--
    (i) Is signed and dated by an officer or authorized employee of the 
motor carrier that employs the single-employer driver;
    (ii) Contains the driver's name and signature;
    (iii) Certifies that the driver has been employed as a single-
employer driver.
    (iv) Certifies that the driver is fully qualified to drive a 
commercial motor vehicle under the rules in part 391 of the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Regulations;

[[Page 524]]

    (v) States the expiration date of the driver's medical examiner's 
certificate;
    (vi) Specifies an expiration date for the certificate, which shall 
be not longer than 2 years or, if earlier, the expiration date of the 
driver's current medical examiner's certificate; and
    (vii) Is substantially in accordance with the following form:

____________________(Name of driver)
____________________(SS No.)
____________________(Signature of driver)

    I certify that the above named driver, as defined in Sec.  390.5, is 
a single-employer driver driving a commercial motor vehicle operated by 
the below named carrier and is fully qualified under part 391, Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Regulations. His/her current medical examiner's 
certificate expires on ______(Date).

This certificate expires:
(Date not later than expiration date of medical certificate)
Issued on______(date)
Issued by__________
(Name of carrier)
(Address)
(Signature)
(Title)

    (b) A motor carrier that obtains a certificate in accordance with 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall:
    (1) Contact the motor carrier which certified the driver's 
qualifications under this section to verify the validity of the 
certificate. This contact may be made in person, by telephone, or by 
letter.
    (2) Retain a copy of that certificate in its files for three years.
    (c) A motor carrier which certifies a driver's qualifications under 
this section shall be responsible for the accuracy of the certificate. 
The certificate is no longer valid if the driver leaves the employment 
of the motor carrier which issued the certificate or is no longer 
qualified under the rules in this part.

[41 FR 36656, Aug. 31, 1976, as amended at 53 FR 18057, May 19, 1988; 60 
FR 38745, July 28, 1995; 63 FR 33278, June 18, 1998; 67 FR 61824, Oct. 
2, 2002; 78 FR 58483, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  391.67  Farm vehicle drivers of articulated commercial motor vehicles.

    The following rules in this part do not apply to a farm vehicle 
driver (as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter) who is 18 years of 
age or older and who drives an articulated commercial motor vehicle:
    (a) Section 391.11(b)(1) and (7) (relating to general qualifications 
of drivers);
    (b) Subpart C (relating to disclosure of, investigation into, and 
inquiries about the background, character, and driving record of 
drivers);
    (c) Subpart D (relating to road tests); and
    (d) Subpart F (relating to maintenance of files and records).

[63 FR 33278, June 18, 1998, as amended at 87 FR 13209, Mar. 9, 2022]



Sec.  391.68  Private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness).

    The following rules in this part do not apply to a private motor 
carrier of passengers (nonbusiness) and its drivers:
    (a) Section 391.11(b)(1) and (7) (relating to general qualifications 
of drivers);
    (b) Subpart C (relating to disclosure of, investigation into, and 
inquiries about the background, character, and driving record of, 
drivers);
    (c) So much of Sec. Sec.  391.41 and 391.45 as require a driver to 
be medically examined and to have a medical examiner's certificate on 
his/her person; and
    (d) Subpart F (relating to maintenance of files and records).

[63 FR 33278, June 18, 1998, as amended at 87 FR 13209, Mar. 9, 2022]



Sec.  391.69  Private motor carrier of passengers (business).

    The provisions of Sec.  391.21 (relating to applications for 
employment), Sec.  391.23 (relating to investigations and inquiries), 
and Sec.  391.31 (relating to road tests) do not apply to a driver who 
was a single-employer driver (as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this 
subchapter) of a private motor carrier of passengers (business) as of 
July 1, 1994, so long as the driver continues to be a single-employer 
driver of that motor carrier.

[63 FR 33278, June 18, 1998]

[[Page 525]]



Sec.  391.71  [Reserved]





         Sec. Appendix A to Part 391--Medical Advisory Criteria

                             I. Introduction

    This appendix contains the Agency's guidelines in the form of 
Medical Advisory Criteria to help medical examiners assess a driver's 
physical qualification. These guidelines are strictly advisory and were 
established after consultation with physicians, States, and industry 
representatives, and, in some areas, after consideration of 
recommendations from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's 
Medical Review Board and Medical Expert Panels.

                 II. Interpretation of Medical Standards

    Since the issuance of the regulations for physical qualifications of 
commercial motor vehicle drivers, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration has published recommendations called Advisory Criteria to 
help medical examiners in determining whether a driver meets the 
physical qualifications for commercial driving. These recommendations 
have been condensed to provide information to medical examiners that is 
directly relevant to the physical examination and is not already 
included in the Medical Examination Report Form.

                   A. Loss of Limb: Sec.  391.41(b)(1)

    A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle 
if that person: Has no loss of a foot, leg, hand or an arm, or has been 
granted a Skills Performance Evaluation certificate pursuant to Sec.  
391.49.

                 B. Limb Impairment: Sec.  391.41(b)(2)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no impairment of:
    (i) A hand or finger which interferes with prehension or power 
grasping; or
    (ii) An arm, foot, or leg which interferes with the ability to 
perform normal tasks associated with operating a commercial motor 
vehicle; or
    (iii) Any other significant limb defect or limitation which 
interferes with the ability to perform normal tasks associated with 
operating a commercial motor vehicle; or
    (iv) Has been granted a Skills Performance Evaluation certificate 
pursuant to Sec.  391.49.
    2. A person who suffers loss of a foot, leg, hand or arm or whose 
limb impairment in any way interferes with the safe performance of 
normal tasks associated with operating a commercial motor vehicle is 
subject to the Skills Performance Evaluation Certificate Program 
pursuant to Sec.  391.49, assuming the person is otherwise qualified.
    3. With the advancement of technology, medical aids and equipment 
modifications have been developed to compensate for certain 
disabilities. The Skills Performance Evaluation Certificate Program 
(formerly the Limb Waiver Program) was designed to allow persons with 
the loss of a foot or limb or with functional impairment to qualify 
under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations by use of prosthetic 
devices or equipment modifications which enable them to safely operate a 
commercial motor vehicle. Since there are no medical aids equivalent to 
the original body or limb, certain risks are still present, and thus 
restrictions may be included on individual Skills Performance Evaluation 
certificates when a State Director for the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration determines they are necessary to be consistent with 
safety and public interest.
    4. If the driver is found otherwise medically qualified (Sec.  
391.41(b)(3) through (13)), the medical examiner must check on the 
Medical Examiner's Certificate that the driver is qualified only if 
accompanied by a Skills Performance Evaluation certificate. The driver 
and the employing motor carrier are subject to appropriate penalty if 
the driver operates a motor vehicle in interstate or foreign commerce 
without a current Skill Performance Evaluation certificate for his/her 
physical disability.

                              C. [Reserved]

             D. Cardiovascular Condition: Sec.  391.41(b)(4)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no current clinical diagnosis of myocardial 
infarction, angina pectoris, coronary insufficiency, thrombosis or any 
other cardiovascular disease of a variety known to be accompanied by 
syncope, dyspnea, collapse or congestive cardiac failure.
    2. The term ``has no current clinical diagnosis of'' is specifically 
designed to encompass: ``a clinical diagnosis of'' a current 
cardiovascular condition, or a cardiovascular condition which has not 
fully stabilized regardless of the time limit. The term ``known to be 
accompanied by'' is designed to include a clinical diagnosis of a 
cardiovascular disease which is accompanied by symptoms of syncope, 
dyspnea, collapse or congestive cardiac failure; and/or which is s 
likely to cause syncope, dyspnea, collapse or congestive cardiac 
failure.
    3. It is the intent of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 
to render unqualified, a driver who has a current cardiovascular disease 
which is accompanied by and/or likely to cause symptoms of syncope, 
dyspnea, collapse, or congestive cardiac failure. However, the 
subjective decision of

[[Page 526]]

whether the nature and severity of an individual's condition will likely 
cause symptoms of cardiovascular insufficiency is on an individual basis 
and qualification rests with the medical examiner and the motor carrier. 
In those cases where there is an occurrence of cardiovascular 
insufficiency (myocardial infarction, thrombosis, etc.), it is suggested 
before a driver is certified that he or she have a normal resting and 
stress electrocardiogram, no residual complications and no physical 
limitations, and is taking no medication likely to interfere with safe 
driving.
    4. Coronary artery bypass surgery and pacemaker implantation are 
remedial procedures and thus, not medically disqualifying. Implantable 
cardioverter defibrillators are disqualifying due to risk of syncope. 
Coumadin is a medical treatment which can improve the health and safety 
of the driver and should not, by its use, medically disqualify the 
commercial motor vehicle driver. The emphasis should be on the 
underlying medical condition(s) which require treatment and the general 
health of the driver. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
should be contacted at (202) 366-4001 for additional recommendations 
regarding the physical qualification of drivers on coumadin.

             E. Respiratory Dysfunction: Sec.  391.41(b)(5)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no established medical history or clinical 
diagnosis of a respiratory dysfunction likely to interfere with ability 
to control and drive a commercial motor vehicle safely.
    2. Since a driver must be alert at all times, any change in his or 
her mental state is in direct conflict with highway safety. Even the 
slightest impairment in respiratory function under emergency conditions 
(when greater oxygen supply is necessary for performance) may be 
detrimental to safe driving.
    3. There are many conditions that interfere with oxygen exchange and 
may result in incapacitation, including emphysema, chronic asthma, 
carcinoma, tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis and sleep apnea. If the 
medical examiner detects a respiratory dysfunction, that in any way is 
likely to interfere with the driver's ability to safely control and 
drive a commercial motor vehicle, the driver must be referred to a 
specialist for further evaluation and therapy. Anticoagulation therapy 
for deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary thromboembolism is not 
medically disqualifying once optimum dose is achieved, provided lower 
extremity venous examinations remain normal and the treating physician 
gives a favorable recommendation.

                   F. Hypertension: Sec.  391.41(b)(6)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no current clinical diagnosis of high blood 
pressure likely to interfere with ability to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle safely.
    2. Hypertension alone is unlikely to cause sudden collapse; however, 
the likelihood increases when target organ damage, particularly cerebral 
vascular disease, is present. This regulatory criteria is based on the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's Cardiovascular Advisory 
Guidelines for the Examination of commercial motor vehicle Drivers, 
which used the Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on 
Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (1997).
    3. Stage 1 hypertension corresponds to a systolic blood pressure of 
140-159 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 90-99 mmHg. The driver 
with a blood pressure in this range is at low risk for hypertension-
related acute incapacitation and may be medically certified to drive for 
a one-year period. Certification examinations should be done annually 
thereafter and should be at or less than 140/90. If less than 160/100, 
certification may be extended one time for 3 months.
    4. A blood pressure of 160-179 systolic and/or 100-109 diastolic is 
considered Stage 2 hypertension, and the driver is not necessarily 
unqualified during evaluation and institution of treatment. The driver 
is given a one-time certification of three months to reduce his or her 
blood pressure to less than or equal to 140/90. A blood pressure in this 
range is an absolute indication for anti-hypertensive drug therapy. 
Provided treatment is well tolerated and the driver demonstrates a blood 
pressure value of 140/90 or less, he or she may be certified for one 
year from date of the initial exam. The driver is certified annually 
thereafter.
    5. A blood pressure at or greater than 180 (systolic) and 110 
(diastolic) is considered Stage 3, high risk for an acute blood 
pressure-related event. The driver may not be qualified, even 
temporarily, until reduced to 140/90 or less and treatment is well 
tolerated. The driver may be certified for 6 months and biannually 
(every 6 months) thereafter if at recheck blood pressure is 140/90 or 
less.
    6. Annual recertification is recommended if the medical examiner 
does not know the severity of hypertension prior to treatment. An 
elevated blood pressure finding should be confirmed by at least two 
subsequent measurements on different days.
    7. Treatment includes nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic modalities 
as well as counseling to reduce other risk factors. Most 
antihypertensive medications also have side effects, the importance of 
which must be judged on an individual basis. Individuals

[[Page 527]]

must be alerted to the hazards of these medications while driving. Side 
effects of somnolence or syncope are particularly undesirable in 
commercial motor vehicle drivers.
    8. Secondary hypertension is based on the above stages. Evaluation 
is warranted if patient is persistently hypertensive on maximal or near-
maximal doses of 2-3 pharmacologic agents. Some causes of secondary 
hypertension may be amenable to surgical intervention or specific 
pharmacologic disease.

G. Rheumatic, Arthritic, Orthopedic, Muscular, Neuromuscular or Vascular 
                       Disease: Sec.  391.41(b)(7)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no established medical history or clinical 
diagnosis of rheumatic, arthritic, orthopedic, muscular, neuromuscular 
or vascular disease which interferes with the ability to control and 
operate a commercial motor vehicle safely.
    2. Certain diseases are known to have acute episodes of transient 
muscle weakness, poor muscular coordination (ataxia), abnormal 
sensations (paresthesia), decreased muscular tone (hypotonia), visual 
disturbances and pain which may be suddenly incapacitating. With each 
recurring episode, these symptoms may become more pronounced and remain 
for longer periods of time. Other diseases have more insidious onsets 
and display symptoms of muscle wasting (atrophy), swelling and 
paresthesia which may not suddenly incapacitate a person but may 
restrict his/her movements and eventually interfere with the ability to 
safely operate a motor vehicle. In many instances these diseases are 
degenerative in nature or may result in deterioration of the involved 
area.
    3. Once the individual has been diagnosed as having a rheumatic, 
arthritic, orthopedic, muscular, neuromuscular or vascular disease, then 
he/she has an established history of that disease. The physician, when 
examining an individual, should consider the following: The nature and 
severity of the individual's condition (such as sensory loss or loss of 
strength); the degree of limitation present (such as range of motion); 
the likelihood of progressive limitation (not always present initially 
but may manifest itself over time); and the likelihood of sudden 
incapacitation. If severe functional impairment exists, the driver does 
not qualify. In cases where more frequent monitoring is required, a 
certificate for a shorter period of time may be issued.

                     H. Epilepsy: Sec.  391.41(b)(8)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no established medical history or clinical 
diagnosis of epilepsy or any other condition which is likely to cause 
loss of consciousness or any loss of ability to control a motor vehicle.
    2. Epilepsy is a chronic functional disease characterized by 
seizures or episodes that occur without warning, resulting in loss of 
voluntary control which may lead to loss of consciousness and/or 
seizures. Therefore, the following drivers cannot be qualified:
    (i) A driver who has a medical history of epilepsy;
    (ii) A driver who has a current clinical diagnosis of epilepsy; or
    (ii) A driver who is taking antiseizure medication.
    3. If an individual has had a sudden episode of a nonepileptic 
seizure or loss of consciousness of unknown cause which did not require 
antiseizure medication, the decision as to whether that person's 
condition will likely cause loss of consciousness or loss of ability to 
control a motor vehicle is made on an individual basis by the medical 
examiner in consultation with the treating physician. Before 
certification is considered, it is suggested that a 6 month waiting 
period elapse from the time of the episode. Following the waiting 
period, it is suggested that the individual have a complete neurological 
examination. If the results of the examination are negative and 
antiseizure medication is not required, then the driver may be 
qualified.
    4. In those individual cases where a driver has a seizure or an 
episode of loss of consciousness that resulted from a known medical 
condition (e.g., drug reaction, high temperature, acute infectious 
disease, dehydration or acute metabolic disturbance), certification 
should be deferred until the driver has fully recovered from that 
condition and has no existing residual complications, and not taking 
antiseizure medication.
    5. Drivers with a history of epilepsy/seizures off antiseizure 
medication and seizure-free for 10 years may be qualified to drive a 
commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce. Interstate drivers with 
a history of a single unprovoked seizure may be qualified to drive a 
commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce if seizure-free and off 
antiseizure medication for a 5-year period or more.

                 I. Mental Disorders: Sec.  391.41(b)(9)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no mental, nervous, organic or functional 
disease or psychiatric disorder likely to interfere with ability to 
drive a motor vehicle safely.
    2. Emotional or adjustment problems contribute directly to an 
individual's level of memory, reasoning, attention, and judgment. These 
problems often underlie physical disorders. A variety of functional 
disorders can cause drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, weakness or 
paralysis that may lead to

[[Page 528]]

incoordination, inattention, loss of functional control and 
susceptibility to accidents while driving. Physical fatigue, headache, 
impaired coordination, recurring physical ailments and chronic 
``nagging'' pain may be present to such a degree that certification for 
commercial driving is inadvisable. Somatic and psychosomatic complaints 
should be thoroughly examined when determining an individual's overall 
fitness to drive. Disorders of a periodically incapacitating nature, 
even in the early stages of development, may warrant disqualification.
    3. Many bus and truck drivers have documented that ``nervous 
trouble'' related to neurotic, personality, or emotional or adjustment 
problems is responsible for a significant fraction of their preventable 
accidents. The degree to which an individual is able to appreciate, 
evaluate and adequately respond to environmental strain and emotional 
stress is critical when assessing an individual's mental alertness and 
flexibility to cope with the stresses of commercial motor vehicle 
driving.
    4. When examining the driver, it should be kept in mind that 
individuals who live under chronic emotional upsets may have deeply 
ingrained maladaptive or erratic behavior patterns. Excessively 
antagonistic, instinctive, impulsive, openly aggressive, paranoid or 
severely depressed behavior greatly interfere with the driver's ability 
to drive safely. Those individuals who are highly susceptible to 
frequent states of emotional instability (schizophrenia, affective 
psychoses, paranoia, anxiety or depressive neuroses) may warrant 
disqualification. Careful consideration should be given to the side 
effects and interactions of medications in the overall qualification 
determination.

                              J. [Reserved]

                     K. Hearing: Sec.  391.41(b)(11)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: First perceives a forced whispered voice in the 
better ear at not less than 5 feet with or without the use of a hearing 
aid, or, if tested by use of an audiometric device, does not have an 
average hearing loss in the better ear greater than 40 decibels at 500 
Hz, 1,000 Hz, and 2,000 Hz with or without a hearing aid when the 
audiometric device is calibrated to American National Standard (formerly 
ADA Standard) Z24.5-1951.
    2. Since the prescribed standard under the Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Regulations is from the American National Standards Institute, 
formerly the American Standards Association, it may be necessary to 
convert the audiometric results from the International Organization for 
Standardization standard to the American National Standards Institute 
standard. Instructions are included on the Medical Examination Report 
Form.
    3. If an individual meets the criteria by using a hearing aid, the 
driver must wear that hearing aid and have it in operation at all times 
while driving. Also, the driver must be in possession of a spare power 
source for the hearing aid.
    4. For the whispered voice test, the individual should be stationed 
at least 5 feet from the medical examiner with the ear being tested 
turned toward the medical examiner. The other ear is covered. Using the 
breath which remains after a normal expiration, the medical examiner 
whispers words or random numbers such as 66, 18, 3, etc. The medical 
examiner should not use only sibilants (s sounding materials). The 
opposite ear should be tested in the same manner.
    5. If the individual fails the whispered voice test, the audiometric 
test should be administered. If an individual meets the criteria by the 
use of a hearing aid, the following statement must appear on the Medical 
Examiner's Certificate ``Qualified only when wearing a hearing aid.''

                    L. Drug Use: Sec.  391.41(b)(12)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person does not use any drug or substance identified in 
21 CFR 1308.11, an amphetamine, a narcotic, or other habit-forming drug. 
A driver may use a non-Schedule I drug or substance that is identified 
in the other Schedules in 21 CFR part 1308 if the substance or drug is 
prescribed by a licensed medical practitioner who:
    (i) Is familiar with the driver's medical history, and assigned 
duties; and
    (ii) Has advised the driver that the prescribed substance or drug 
will not adversely affect the driver's ability to safely operate a 
commercial motor vehicle.
    2. This exception does not apply to methadone. The intent of the 
medical certification process is to medically evaluate a driver to 
ensure that the driver has no medical condition which interferes with 
the safe performance of driving tasks on a public road. If a driver uses 
an amphetamine, a narcotic or any other habit-forming drug, it may be 
cause for the driver to be found medically unqualified. If a driver uses 
a Schedule I drug or substance, it will be cause for the driver to be 
found medically unqualified. Motor carriers are encouraged to obtain a 
practitioner's written statement about the effects on transportation 
safety of the use of a particular drug.
    3. A test for controlled substances is not required as part of this 
biennial certification process. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration or the driver's employer should be contacted directly for 
information on controlled substances and alcohol testing under Part 382 
of the FMCSRs.

[[Page 529]]

    4. The term ``uses'' is designed to encompass instances of 
prohibited drug use determined by a physician through established 
medical means. This may or may not involve body fluid testing. If body 
fluid testing takes place, positive test results should be confirmed by 
a second test of greater specificity. The term ``habit-forming'' is 
intended to include any drug or medication generally recognized as 
capable of becoming habitual, and which may impair the user's ability to 
operate a commercial motor vehicle safely.
    5. The driver is medically unqualified for the duration of the 
prohibited drug(s) use and until a second examination shows the driver 
is free from the prohibited drug(s) use. Recertification may involve a 
substance abuse evaluation, the successful completion of a drug 
rehabilitation program, and a negative drug test result. Additionally, 
given that the certification period is normally two years, the medical 
examiner has the option to certify for a period of less than 2 years if 
this medical examiner determines more frequent monitoring is required.

                   M. Alcoholism: Sec.  391.41(b)(13)

    1. A person is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor 
vehicle if that person: Has no current clinical diagnosis of alcoholism.
    2. The term ``current clinical diagnosis of'' is specifically 
designed to encompass a current alcoholic illness or those instances 
where the individual's physical condition has not fully stabilized, 
regardless of the time element. If an individual shows signs of having 
an alcohol-use problem, he or she should be referred to a specialist. 
After counseling and/or treatment, he or she may be considered for 
certification.

[80 FR 22822, Apr. 23, 2015, as amended at 83 FR 47521, Sept. 19, 2018; 
87 FR 3419, Jan. 21, 2022]



PART 392_DRIVING OF COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLES--Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
392.1 Scope of the rules in this part.
392.2 Applicable operating rules.
392.3 Ill or fatigued operator.
392.4 Drugs and other substances.
392.5 Alcohol prohibition.
392.6 Schedules to conform with speed limits.
392.7 Equipment, inspection and use.
392.8 Emergency equipment, inspection, and use.
392.9 Inspection of cargo, cargo securement devices and systems.
392.9a Operating authority.
392.9b Prohibited transportation.

             Subpart B_Driving of Commercial Motor Vehicles

392.10 Railroad grade crossings; stopping required.
392.11 Railroad grade crossings; slowing down required.
392.12 Highway-rail crossings; safe clearance.
392.13 [Reserved]
392.14 Hazardous conditions; extreme caution.
392.15 Prohibited driving status.
392.16 Use of seat belts.
392.18 [Reserved]

               Subpart C_Stopped Commercial Motor Vehicles

392.20-392.21 [Reserved]
392.22 Emergency signals; stopped commercial motor vehicles.
392.24 Emergency signals; flame-producing.
392.25 Flame producing devices.

              Subpart D_Use of Lighted Lamps and Reflectors

392.30-392.32 [Reserved]
392.33 Obscured lamps or reflective devices/material.

             Subpart E_License Revocation; Duties of Driver

392.40-392.41 [Reserved]

                      Subpart F_Fueling Precautions

392.50 Ignition of fuel; prevention.
392.51 Reserve fuel; materials of trade.
392.52 [Reserved]

                     Subpart G_Prohibited Practices

392.60 Unauthorized persons not to be transported.
392.61 [Reserved]
392.62 Safe operation, buses.
392.63 Towing or pushing loaded buses.
392.64 Riding within closed commercial motor vehicles without proper 
          exits.
392.65 [Reserved]
392.66 Carbon monoxide; use of commercial motor vehicle when detected.
392.67 Heater, flame-producing; on commercial motor vehicle in motion.
392.68-392.69 [Reserved]
392.71 Radar detectors; use and/or possession.

            Subpart H_Limiting the Use of Electronic Devices

392.80 Prohibition against texting.
392.82 Using a hand-held mobile telephone.


[[Page 530]]


    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 504, 13902, 31136, 31151, 31502; Section 112 of 
Pub. L. 103-311, 108 Stat. 1673, 1676 (1994), as amended by sec. 32509 
of Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405-805 (2012); and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, unless otherwise noted.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  392.1  Scope of the rules in this part.

    (a) Every motor carrier, its officers, agents, representatives, and 
employees responsible for the management, maintenance, operation, or 
driving of commercial motor vehicles, or the hiring, supervising, 
training, assigning, or dispatching of drivers, shall be instructed in 
and comply with the rules in this part.
    (b) The rules in this part do not apply to drivers of ``pipeline 
welding trucks'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[53 FR 18057, May 19, 1988, as amended at 60 FR 38746, July 28, 1995; 81 
FR 47721, July 22, 2016]



Sec.  392.2  Applicable operating rules.

    Every commercial motor vehicle must be operated in accordance with 
the laws, ordinances, and regulations of the jurisdiction in which it is 
being operated. However, if a regulation of the Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration imposes a higher standard of care than that law, 
ordinance or regulation, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
regulation must be complied with.

[35 FR 7800, May 21, 1970, as amended at 60 FR 38746, July 28, 1995; 66 
FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001]



Sec.  392.3  Ill or fatigued operator.

    No driver shall operate a commercial motor vehicle, and a motor 
carrier shall not require or permit a driver to operate a commercial 
motor vehicle, while the driver's ability or alertness is so impaired, 
or so likely to become impaired, through fatigue, illness, or any other 
cause, as to make it unsafe for him/her to begin or continue to operate 
the commercial motor vehicle. However, in a case of grave emergency 
where the hazard to occupants of the commercial motor vehicle or other 
users of the highway would be increased by compliance with this section, 
the driver may continue to operate the commercial motor vehicle to the 
nearest place at which that hazard is removed.

[35 FR 7800, May 21, 1970, as amended at 60 FR 38746, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.4  Drugs and other substances.

    (a) No driver shall be on duty and possess, be under the influence 
of, or use, any of the following drugs or other substances:
    (1) Any 21 CFR 1308.11 Schedule I substance;
    (2) An amphetamine or any formulation thereof (including, but not 
limited, to ``pep pills,'' and ``bennies'');
    (3) A narcotic drug or any derivative thereof; or
    (4) Any other substance, to a degree which renders the driver 
incapable of safely operating a motor vehicle.
    (b) No motor carrier shall require or permit a driver to violate 
paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) Paragraphs (a) (2), (3), and (4) do not apply to the possession 
or use of a substance administered to a driver by or under the 
instructions of a licensed medical practitioner, as defined in Sec.  
382.107 of this subchapter, who has advised the driver that the 
substance will not affect the driver's ability to safely operate a motor 
vehicle.
    (d) As used in this section, ``possession'' does not include 
possession of a substance which is manifested and transported as part of 
a shipment.

[61 FR 9567, Mar. 8, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 37153, July 11, 1997]



Sec.  392.5  Alcohol prohibition.

    (a) No driver shall--
    (1) Use alcohol, as defined in Sec.  382.107 of this subchapter, or 
be under the influence of alcohol, within 4 hours before going on duty 
or operating, or having physical control of, a commercial motor vehicle; 
or
    (2) Use alcohol, be under the influence of alcohol, or have any 
measured alcohol concentration or detected presence of alcohol, while on 
duty, or operating, or in physical control of a commercial motor 
vehicle; or
    (3) Be on duty or operate a commercial motor vehicle while the 
driver possesses wine of not less than one-half of

[[Page 531]]

one per centum of alcohol by volume, beer as defined in 26 U.S.C. 
5052(a), of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, or distilled spirits as 
defined in section 5002(a)(8), of such Code. However, this does not 
apply to possession of wine, beer, or distilled spirits which are:
    (i) Manifested and transported as part of a shipment; or
    (ii) Possessed or used by bus passengers.
    (b) No motor carrier shall require or permit a driver to--
    (1) Violate any provision of paragraph (a) of this section; or
    (2) Be on duty or operate a commercial motor vehicle if, by the 
driver's general appearance or conduct or by other substantiating 
evidence, the driver appears to have used alcohol within the preceding 
four hours.
    (c) Any driver who is found to be in violation of the provisons of 
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section shall be placed out-of-service 
immediately for a period of 24 hours.
    (1) The 24-hour out-of-service period will commence upon issuance of 
an out-of-service order.
    (2) No driver shall violate the terms of an out-of-service order 
issued under this section.
    (d) Any driver who is issued an out-of-service order under this 
section shall:
    (1) Report such issuance to his/her employer within 24 hours; and
    (2) Report such issuance to a State official, designated by the 
State which issued his/her driver's license, within 30 days unless the 
driver chooses to request a review of the order. In this case, the 
driver shall report the order to the State official within 30 days of an 
affirmation of the order by either the Division Administrator or State 
Director for the geographical area or the Administrator.
    (e) Any driver who is subject to an out-of-service order under this 
section may petition for review of that order by submitting a petition 
for review in writing within 10 days of the issuance of the order to the 
Division Administrator or State Director for the geographical area in 
which the order was issued. The Division Administrator or State Director 
may affirm or reverse the order. Any driver adversely affected by such 
order of the Regional Director of Motor Carriers may petition the 
Administrator for review in accordance with 49 CFR 386.13.

(49 U.S.C. 304, 1655; 49 CFR 1.48(b) and 301.60)

[47 FR 47837, Oct. 28, 1982, as amended at 52 FR 27201, July 20, 1987; 
59 FR 7515, Feb. 15, 1994; 61 FR 9567, Mar. 8, 1996; 66 FR 49874, Oct. 
1, 2001; 79 FR 59457, Oct. 2, 2014]



Sec.  392.6  Schedules to conform with speed limits.

    No motor carrier shall schedule a run nor permit nor require the 
operation of any commercial motor vehicle between points in such period 
of time as would necessitate the commercial motor vehicle being operated 
at speeds greater than those prescribed by the jurisdictions in or 
through which the commercial motor vehicle is being operated.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38746, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.7  Equipment, inspection and use.

    (a) No commercial motor vehicle shall be driven unless the driver is 
satisfied that the following parts and accessories are in good working 
order, nor shall any driver fail to use or make use of such parts and 
accessories when and as needed:

Service brakes, including trailer brake connections.
Parking (hand) brake.
Steering mechanism.
Lighting devices and reflectors.
Tires.
Horn.
Windshield wiper or wipers.
Rear-vision mirror or mirrors.
Coupling devices.
Wheels and rims.
Emergency equipment.

    (b) Drivers preparing to transport intermodal equipment must make an 
inspection of the following components, and must be satisfied they are 
in good working order before the equipment is operated over the road. 
Drivers who operate the equipment over the road shall be deemed to have 
confirmed the following components were in good working order when the 
driver accepted the equipment:

--Service brake components that are readily visible to a driver 
performing as thorough a visual inspection as possible without

[[Page 532]]

physically going under the vehicle, and trailer brake connections
--Lighting devices, lamps, markers, and conspicuity marking material
--Wheels, rims, lugs, tires
--Air line connections, hoses, and couplers
--King pin upper coupling device
--Rails or support frames
--Tie down bolsters
--Locking pins, clevises, clamps, or hooks
--Sliders or sliding frame lock

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38746, July 28, 1995; 
66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 73 FR 76823, Dec. 17, 2008; 74 FR 68708, Dec. 
29, 2009; 79 FR 75449, Dec. 18, 2014]



Sec.  392.8  Emergency equipment, inspection and use.

    No commercial motor vehicle shall be driven unless the driver 
thereof is satisfied that the emergency equipment required by Sec.  
393.95 of this subchapter is in place and ready for use; nor shall any 
driver fail to use or make use of such equipment when and as needed.

[49 FR 38290, Sept. 28, 1984, as amended at 60 FR 38746, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.9  Inspection of cargo, cargo securement devices and systems.

    (a) General. A driver may not operate a commercial motor vehicle and 
a motor carrier may not require or permit a driver to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle unless--
    (1) The commercial motor vehicle's cargo is properly distributed and 
adequately secured as specified in Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.136 of 
this subchapter.
    (2) The commercial motor vehicle's tailgate, tailboard, doors, 
tarpaulins, spare tire and other equipment used in its operation, and 
the means of fastening the commercial motor vehicle's cargo, are 
secured; and
    (3) The commercial motor vehicle's cargo or any other object does 
not obscure the driver's view ahead or to the right or left sides 
(except for drivers of self-steer dollies), interfere with the free 
movement of his/her arms or legs, prevent his/her free and ready access 
to accessories required for emergencies, or prevent the free and ready 
exit of any person from the commercial motor vehicle's cab or driver's 
compartment.
    (b) Drivers of trucks and truck tractors. Except as provided in 
paragraph (b)(4) of this section, the driver of a truck or truck tractor 
must--
    (1) Assure himself/herself that the provisions of paragraph (a) of 
this section have been complied with before he/she drives that 
commercial motor vehicle;
    (2) Inspect the cargo and the devices used to secure the cargo 
within the first 50 miles after beginning a trip and cause any 
adjustments to be made to the cargo or load securement devices as 
necessary, including adding more securement devices, to ensure that 
cargo cannot shift on or within, or fall from the commercial motor 
vehicle; and
    (3) Reexamine the commercial motor vehicle's cargo and its load 
securement devices during the course of transportation and make any 
necessary adjustment to the cargo or load securement devices, including 
adding more securement devices, to ensure that cargo cannot shift on or 
within, or fall from, the commercial motor vehicle. Reexamination and 
any necessary adjustments must be made whenever--
    (i) The driver makes a change of his/her duty status; or
    (ii) The commercial motor vehicle has been driven for 3 hours; or
    (iii) The commercial motor vehicle has been driven for 150 miles, 
whichever occurs first.
    (4) The rules in this paragraph (b) do not apply to the driver of a 
sealed commercial motor vehicle who has been ordered not to open it to 
inspect its cargo or to the driver of a commercial motor vehicle that 
has been loaded in a manner that makes inspection of its cargo 
impracticable.

[67 FR 61224, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 72 FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  392.9a  Operating authority.

    (a) Operating authority required. A motor vehicle providing 
transportation requiring operating authority must not be operated--
    (1) Without the required operating authority or
    (2) Beyond the scope of the operating authority granted.
    (b) Penalties. Every motor carrier providing transportation 
requiring operating authority shall be ordered out of service if it is 
determined that the motor carrier is operating a vehicle in

[[Page 533]]

violation of paragraph (a) of this section. In addition, the motor 
carrier may be subject to penalties in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 14901.
    (c) Administrative review. Upon issuance of the out-of-service order 
under paragraph (b) of this section, the driver shall comply immediately 
with such order. Opportunity for review shall be provided in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 554 not later than 10 days after issuance of such order.

[71 FR 50867, Aug. 28, 2006, as amended at 78 FR 60233, Oct. 1, 2013]



Sec.  392.9b  Prohibited transportation.

    (a) Safety registration required. A commercial motor vehicle 
providing transportation in interstate commerce must not be operated 
without a safety registration and an active USDOT Number.
    (b) Penalties. If it is determined that the motor carrier 
responsible for the operation of such a vehicle is operating in 
violation of paragraph (a) of this section, it may be subject to 
penalties in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 521.

[78 FR 52655, Aug. 23, 2013, as amended at 81 FR 68358, Oct. 4, 2016]



             Subpart B_Driving of Commercial Motor Vehicles



Sec.  392.10  Railroad grade crossings; stopping required.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the driver 
of a commercial motor vehicle specified in paragraphs (a) (1) through 
(6) of this section shall not cross a railroad track or tracks at grade 
unless he/she first: Stops the commercial motor vehicle within 50 feet 
of, and not closer than 15 feet to, the tracks; thereafter listens and 
looks in each direction along the tracks for an approaching train; and 
ascertains that no train is approaching. When it is safe to do so, the 
driver may drive the commercial motor vehicle across the tracks in a 
gear that permits the commercial motor vehicle to complete the crossing 
without a change of gears. The driver must not shift gears while 
crossing the tracks.
    (1) Every bus transporting passengers,
    (2) Every commercial motor vehicle transporting any quantity of a 
Division 2.3 chlorine.
    (3) Every commercial motor vehicle which, in accordance with the 
regulations of the Department of Transportation, is required to be 
marked or placarded with one of the following classifications:
    (i) Division 1.1
    (ii) Division 1.2, or Division 1.3
    (iii) Division 2.3 Poison gas
    (iv) Division 4.3
    (v) Class 7
    (vi) Class 3 Flammable
    (vii) Division 5.1
    (viii) Division 2.2
    (ix) Division 2.3 Chlorine
    (x) Division 6.1 Poison
    (xi) Division 2.2 Oxygen
    (xii) Division 2.1
    (xiii) Class 3 Combustible liquid
    (xiv) Division 4.1
    (xv) Division 5.1
    (xvi) Division 5.2
    (xvii) Class 8
    (xviii) Division 1.4
    (4) Every cargo tank motor vehicle, whether loaded or empty, used 
for the transportation of any hazardous material as defined in the 
Hazardous Materials Regulations of the Department of Transportation, 
parts 107 through 180 of this title.
    (5) Every cargo tank motor vehicle transporting a commodity which at 
the time of loading has a temperature above its flashpoint as determined 
by Sec.  173.120 of this title.
    (6) Every cargo tank motor vehicle, whether loaded or empty, 
transporting any commodity under exemption in accordance with the 
provisions of subpart B of part 107 of this title.
    (b) A stop need not be made at:
    (1) A streetcar crossing, or railroad tracks used exclusively for 
industrial switching purposes, within a business district, as defined in 
Sec.  390.5 of this chapter.
    (2) A railroad grade crossing when a police officer or crossing 
flagman directs traffic to proceed.
    (3) A railroad grade crossing controlled by a functioning highway 
traffic signal transmitting a green indication which, under local law, 
permits

[[Page 534]]

the commercial motor vehicle to proceed across the railroad tracks 
without slowing or stopping.
    (4) An abandoned railroad grade crossing which is marked with a sign 
indicating that the rail line is abandoned.
    (5) An industrial or spur line railroad grade crossing marked with a 
sign reading ``Exempt.'' Such ``Exempt'' signs shall be erected only by 
or with the consent of the appropriate State or local authority.

(Sec. 12, 80 Stat. 931; 49 U.S.C. 1651 note; 49 U.S.C. 304, 1655; 49 CFR 
1.48(b) and 301.60)

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 35 FR 7801, May 21, 1970; 38 
FR 1589, Jan. 16, 1973; 40 FR 44555, Sept. 29, 1975; 45 FR 46424, July 
10, 1980; 47 FR 47837, Oct. 28, 1982; 59 FR 63924, Dec. 12, 1994; 60 FR 
38746, 38747, July 28, 1995; 84 FR 51435, Sept. 30, 2019]



Sec.  392.11  Railroad grade crossings; slowing down required.

    Every commercial motor vehicle other than those listed in Sec.  
392.10 shall, upon approaching a railroad grade crossing, be driven at a 
rate of speed which will permit said commercial motor vehicle to be 
stopped before reaching the nearest rail of such crossing and shall not 
be driven upon or over such crossing until due caution has been taken to 
ascertain that the course is clear.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.12  Highway-rail crossings; safe clearance.

    No driver of a commercial motor vehicle shall drive onto a highway-
rail grade crossing without having sufficient space to drive completely 
through the crossing without stopping.

[78 FR 58923, Sept. 25, 2013]



Sec.  392.13  [Reserved]



Sec.  392.14  Hazardous conditions; extreme caution.

    Extreme caution in the operation of a commercial motor vehicle shall 
be exercised when hazardous conditions, such as those caused by snow, 
ice, sleet, fog, mist, rain, dust, or smoke, adversely affect visibility 
or traction. Speed shall be reduced when such conditions exist. If 
conditions become sufficiently dangerous, the operation of the 
commercial motor vehicle shall be discontinued and shall not be resumed 
until the commercial motor vehicle can be safely operated. Whenever 
compliance with the foregoing provisions of this rule increases hazard 
to passengers, the commercial motor vehicle may be operated to the 
nearest point at which the safety of passengers is assured.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.15  Prohibited driving status.

    No driver, who holds a commercial learner's permit or a commercial 
driver's license, shall operate a commercial motor vehicle if prohibited 
by Sec.  382.501(a) of this subchapter.

[86 FR 55743, Oct. 7, 2021]



Sec.  392.16  Use of seat belts.

    (a) Drivers. No driver shall operate a commercial motor vehicle, and 
a motor carrier shall not require or permit a driver to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle, that has a seat belt assembly installed at the 
driver's seat unless the driver is properly restrained by the seat belt 
assembly.
    (b) Passengers. No driver shall operate a property-carrying 
commercial motor vehicle, and a motor carrier shall not require or 
permit a driver to operate a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle, 
that has seat belt assemblies installed at the seats for other occupants 
of the vehicle unless all other occupants are properly restrained by 
such seat belt assemblies.

[81 FR 36479, June 7, 2016; 81 FR 43957, July 6, 2016]



Sec.  392.18  [Reserved]



               Subpart C_Stopped Commercial Motor Vehicles



Sec. Sec.  392.20-392.21  [Reserved]



Sec.  392.22  Emergency signals; stopped commercial motor vehicles.

    (a) Hazard warning signal flashers. Whenever a commercial motor 
vehicle is stopped upon the traveled portion of a highway or the 
shoulder of a highway for any cause other than necessary

[[Page 535]]

traffic stops, the driver of the stopped commercial motor vehicle shall 
immediately activate the vehicular hazard warning signal flashers and 
continue the flashing until the driver places the warning devices 
required by paragraph (b) of this section. The flashing signals shall be 
used during the time the warning devices are picked up for storage 
before movement of the commercial motor vehicle. The flashing lights may 
be used at other times while a commercial motor vehicle is stopped in 
addition to, but not in lieu of, the warning devices required by 
paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) Placement of warning devices--(1) General rule. Except as 
provided in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, whenever a commercial 
motor vehicle is stopped upon the traveled portion or the shoulder of a 
highway for any cause other than necessary traffic stops, the driver 
shall, as soon as possible, but in any event within 10 minutes, place 
the warning devices required by Sec.  393.95 of this subchapter, in the 
following manner:
    (i) One on the traffic side of and 4 paces (approximately 3 meters 
or 10 feet) from the stopped commercial motor vehicle in the direction 
of approaching traffic;
    (ii) One at 40 paces (approximately 30 meters or 100 feet) from the 
stopped commercial motor vehicle in the center of the traffic lane or 
shoulder occupied by the commercial motor vehicle and in the direction 
of approaching traffic; and
    (iii) One at 40 paces (approximately 30 meters or 100 feet) from the 
stopped commercial motor vehicle in the center of the traffic lane or 
shoulder occupied by the commercial motor vehicle and in the direction 
away from approaching traffic.
    (2) Special rules--(i) Fusees and liquid-burning flares. The driver 
of a commercial motor vehicle equipped with only fusees or liquid-
burning flares shall place a lighted fusee or liquid-burning flare at 
each of the locations specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. 
There shall be at least one lighted fusee or liquid-burning flare at 
each of the prescribed locations, as long as the commercial motor 
vehicle is stopped. Before the stopped commercial motor vehicle is 
moved, the driver shall extinguish and remove each fusee or liquid-
burning flare.
    (ii) Daylight hours. Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2)(iii) of 
this section, during the period lighted lamps are not required, three 
bidirectional reflective triangles, or three lighted fusees or liquid-
burning flares shall be placed as specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section within a time of 10 minutes. In the event the driver elects to 
use only fusees or liquid-burning flares in lieu of bidirectional 
reflective triangles or red flags, the driver must ensure that at least 
one fusee or liquid-burning flare remains lighted at each of the 
prescribed locations as long as the commercial motor vehicle is stopped 
or parked.
    (iii) Business or residential districts. The placement of warning 
devices is not required within the business or residential district of a 
municipality, except during the time lighted lamps are required and when 
street or highway lighting is insufficient to make a commercial motor 
vehicle clearly discernable at a distance of 500 feet to persons on the 
highway.
    (iv) Hills, curves, and obstructions. If a commercial motor vehicle 
is stopped within 500 feet of a curve, crest of a hill, or other 
obstruction to view, the driver shall place the warning signal required 
by paragraph (b)(1) of this section in the direction of the obstruction 
to view a distance of 100 feet to 500 feet from the stopped commercial 
motor vehicle so as to afford ample warning to other users of the 
highway.
    (v) Divided or one-way roads. If a commercial motor vehicle is 
stopped upon the traveled portion or the shoulder of a divided or one-
way highway, the driver shall place the warning devices required by 
paragraph (b)(1) of this section, one warning device at a distance of 
200 feet and one warning device at a distance of 100 feet in a direction 
toward approaching traffic in the center of the lane or shoulder 
occupied by the commercial motor vehicle. He/she shall place one warning 
device at the traffic side of the commercial motor vehicle within 10 
feet of the rear of the commercial motor vehicle.
    (vi) Leaking, flammable material. If gasoline or any other flammable 
liquid,

[[Page 536]]

or combustible liquid or gas seeps or leaks from a fuel container or a 
commercial motor vehicle stopped upon a highway, no emergency warning 
signal producing a flame shall be lighted or placed except at such a 
distance from any such liquid or gas as will assure the prevention of a 
fire or explosion.

[37 FR 17175, Aug. 25, 1972, as amended at 40 FR 10685, Mar. 7, 1975; 47 
FR 47837, Oct. 28, 1982; 48 FR 57139, Dec. 23, 1983; 59 FR 34711, July 
6, 1994; 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995; 63 FR 33279, June 18, 1998]



Sec.  392.24  Emergency signals; flame-producing.

    No driver shall attach or permit any person to attach a lighted 
fusee or other flame-producing emergency signal to any part of a 
commercial motor vehicle.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.25  Flame producing devices.

    No driver shall use or permit the use of any flame-producing 
emergency signal for protecting any commercial motor vehicle 
transporting Division 1.1, Division 1.2, or Division 1.3 explosives; any 
cargo tank motor vehicle used for the transportation of any Class 3 or 
Division 2.1, whether loaded or empty; or any commercial motor vehicle 
using compressed gas as a motor fuel. In lieu thereof, emergency 
reflective triangles, red electric lanterns, or red emergency reflectors 
shall be used, the placement of which shall be in the same manner as 
prescribed in Sec.  392.22(b).

[59 FR 63925, Dec. 12, 1994, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



              Subpart D_Use of Lighted Lamps and Reflectors



Sec. Sec.  392.30-392.32  [Reserved]



Sec.  392.33  Obscured lamps or reflective devices/material.

    (a) No commercial motor vehicle shall be driven when any of the 
lamps or reflective devices/material required by subpart B of part 393 
of this title are obscured by the tailboard, or by any part of the load 
or its covering, by dirt, or other added vehicle or work equipment or 
otherwise.
    (b) Exception. The conspicuity treatments on the front end 
protection devices of the trailer may be obscured by part of the load 
being transported.

[70 FR 48025, Aug. 15, 2005]



             Subpart E_License Revocation; Duties of Driver



Sec. Sec.  392.40-392.41  [Reserved]



                      Subpart F_Fueling Precautions



Sec.  392.50  Ignition of fuel; prevention.

    No driver or any employee of a motor carrier shall:
    (a) Fuel a commercial motor vehicle with the engine running, except 
when it is necessary to run the engine to fuel the commercial motor 
vehicle;
    (b) Smoke or expose any open flame in the vicinity of a commercial 
motor vehicle being fueled;
    (c) Fuel a commercial motor vehicle unless the nozzle of the fuel 
hose is continuously in contact with the intake pipe of the fuel tank;
    (d) Permit, insofar as practicable, any other person to engage in 
such activities as would be likely to result in fire or explosion.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.51  Reserve fuel; materials of trade.

    Small amounts of fuel for the operation or maintenance of a 
commercial motor vehicle (including its auxiliary equipment) may be 
designated as materials of trade (see 49 CFR 171.8).
    (a) The aggregate gross weight of all materials of trade on a motor 
vehicle may not exceed 200 kg (440 pounds).
    (b) Packaging for gasoline must be made of metal or plastic and 
conform to requirements of 49 CFR Parts 171, 172, 173, and 178 or 
requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration 
contained in 29 CFR 1910.106.
    (c) For Packing Group II (including gasoline), Packing Group III 
(including aviation fuel and fuel oil), or ORM-D, the material is 
limited to 30 kg (66 pounds) or 30 L (8 gallons).

[[Page 537]]

    (d) For diesel fuel, the capacity of the package is limited to 450 L 
(119 gallons).
    (e) A Division 2.1 material in a cylinder is limited to a gross 
weight of 100 kg (220 pounds). (A Division 2.1 material is a flammable 
gas, including liquefied petroleum gas, butane, propane, liquefied 
natural gas, and methane).

[63 FR 33279, June 18, 1998]



Sec.  392.52  [Reserved]



                     Subpart G_Prohibited Practices



Sec.  392.60  Unauthorized persons not to be transported.

    (a) Unless specifically authorized in writing to do so by the motor 
carrier under whose authority the commercial motor vehicle is being 
operated, no driver shall transport any person or permit any person to 
be transported on any commercial motor vehicle other than a bus. When 
such authorization is issued, it shall state the name of the person to 
be transported, the points where the transportation is to begin and end, 
and the date upon which such authority expires. No written 
authorization, however, shall be necessary for the transportation of:
    (1) Employees or other persons assigned to a commercial motor 
vehicle by a motor carrier;
    (2) Any person transported when aid is being rendered in case of an 
accident or other emergency;
    (3) An attendant delegated to care for livestock.
    (b) This section shall not apply to the operation of commercial 
motor vehicles controlled and operated by any farmer and used in the 
transportation of agricultural commodities or products thereof from his/
her farm or in the transportation of supplies to his/her farm.

[60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.61  [Reserved]



Sec.  392.62  Safe operation, buses.

    No person shall drive a bus and a motor carrier shall not require or 
permit a person to drive a bus unless--
    (a) All standees on the bus are rearward of the standee line or 
other means prescribed in Sec.  393.90 of this subchapter;
    (b) All aisle seats in the bus conform to the requirements of Sec.  
393.91 of this subchapter; and
    (c) Baggage or freight on the bus is stowed and secured in a manner 
which assures--
    (1) Unrestricted freedom of movement to the driver and his proper 
operation of the bus;
    (2) Unobstructed access to all exits by any occupant of the bus; and
    (3) Protection of occupants of the bus against injury resulting from 
the falling or displacement of articles transported in the bus.

[63 FR 33278, June 18, 1998]



Sec.  392.63  Towing or pushing loaded buses.

    No disabled bus with passengers aboard shall be towed or pushed; nor 
shall any person use or permit to be used a bus with passengers aboard 
for the purpose of towing or pushing any disabled motor vehicle, except 
in such circumstances where the hazard to passengers would be increased 
by observance of the foregoing provisions of this section, and then only 
in traveling to the nearest point where the safety of the passengers is 
assured.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.64  Riding within closed commercial motor vehicles without
proper exits.

    No person shall ride within the closed body of any commercial motor 
vehicle unless there are means on the inside thereof of obtaining exit. 
Said means shall be in such condition as to permit ready operation by 
the occupant.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.65  [Reserved]



Sec.  392.66  Carbon monoxide; use of commercial motor vehicle when detected.

    (a) No person shall dispatch or drive any commercial motor vehicle 
or permit any passengers thereon, when the following conditions are 
known to

[[Page 538]]

exist, until such conditions have been remedied or repaired:
    (1) Where an occupant has been affected by carbon monoxide;
    (2) Where carbon monoxide has been detected in the interior of the 
commercial motor vehicle;
    (3) When a mechanical condition of the commercial motor vehicle is 
discovered which would be likely to produce a hazard to the occupants by 
reason of carbon monoxide.
    (b) [Reserved]

[60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  392.67  Heater, flame-producing; on commercial motor vehicle in motion.

    No open flame heater used in the loading or unloading of the 
commodity transported shall be in operation while the commercial motor 
vehicle is in motion.

[33 FR 19732, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 60 FR 38747, July 28, 1995]



Sec. Sec.  392.68-392.69  [Reserved]



Sec.  392.71  Radar detectors; use and/or possession.

    (a) No driver shall use a radar detector in a commercial motor 
vehicle, or operate a commercial motor vehicle that is equipped with or 
contains any radar detector.
    (b) No motor carrier shall require or permit a driver to violate 
paragraph (a) of this section.

[58 FR 67375, Dec. 21, 1993]



            Subpart H_Limiting the Use of Electronic Devices



Sec.  392.80  Prohibition against texting.

    (a) Prohibition. No driver shall engage in texting while driving.
    (b) Motor carriers. No motor carrier shall allow or require its 
drivers to engage in texting while driving.
    (c) Definition. For the purpose of this section only, driving means 
operating a commercial motor vehicle, with the motor running, including 
while temporarily stationary because of traffic, a traffic control 
device, or other momentary delays. Driving does not include operating a 
commercial motor vehicle with or without the motor running when the 
driver moved the vehicle to the side of, or off, a highway, as defined 
in 49 CFR 390.5, and halted in a location where the vehicle can safely 
remain stationary.
    (d) Emergency exception. Texting while driving is permissible by 
drivers of a commercial motor vehicle when necessary to communicate with 
law enforcement officials or other emergency services.

[75 FR 59136, Sept. 27, 2010, as amended at 76 FR 75487, Dec. 2, 2011]



Sec.  392.82  Using a hand-held mobile telephone.

    (a)(1) No driver shall use a hand-held mobile telephone while 
driving a CMV.
    (2) No motor carrier shall allow or require its drivers to use a 
hand-held mobile telephone while driving a CMV.
    (b) Definitions. For the purpose of this section only, driving means 
operating a commercial motor vehicle on a highway, including while 
temporarily stationary because of traffic, a traffic control device, or 
other momentary delays. Driving does not include operating a commercial 
motor vehicle when the driver has moved the vehicle to the side of, or 
off, a highway and has halted in a location where the vehicle can safely 
remain stationary.
    (c) Emergency exception. Using a hand-held mobile telephone is 
permissible by drivers of a CMV when necessary to communicate with law 
enforcement officials or other emergency services.

[76 FR 75487, Dec. 2, 2011]



PART 393_PARTS AND ACCESSORIES NECESSARY FOR SAFE OPERATION-
-Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
393.1 Scope of the rules of this part.
393.3 Additional equipment and accessories.
393.5 Definitions.
393.7 Matter incorporated by reference.

       Subpart B_Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Electrical Wiring

393.9 Lamps operable, prohibition of obstructions of lamps and 
          reflectors.
393.11 Lamps and reflective devices.
393.13 Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors, requirements for 
          semitrailers

[[Page 539]]

          and trailers manufactured before December 1, 1993.
393.17 Lamps and reflectors--combinations in driveaway-towaway 
          operation.
393.19 Hazard warning signals.
393.20 [Reserved]
393.22 Combination of lighting devices and reflectors.
393.23 Power supply for lamps.
393.24 Requirements for head lamps, auxiliary driving lamps and front 
          fog lamps.
393.25 Requirements for lamps other than head lamps.
393.26 Requirements for reflex reflectors.
393.27 [Reserved]
393.28 Wiring systems.
393.29 [Reserved]
393.30 Battery installation.
393.31-393.33 [Reserved]

                            Subpart C_Brakes

393.40 Required brake systems.
393.41 Parking brake system.
393.42 Brakes required on all wheels.
393.43 Breakaway and emergency braking.
393.44 Front brake lines, protection.
393.45 Brake tubing and hoses; hose assemblies and end fittings.
393.46 [Reserved]
393.47 Brake actuators, slack adjusters, linings/pads and drums/rotors.
393.48 Brakes to be operative.
393.49 Control valves for brakes.
393.50 Reservoirs required.
393.51 Warning signals, air pressure and vacuum gauges.
393.52 Brake performance.
393.53 Automatic brake adjusters and brake adjustment indicators.
393.55 Antilock brake systems.

                Subpart D_Glazing and Window Construction

393.60 Glazing in specified openings.
393.61 Truck and truck tractor window construction.
393.62 Emergency exits for buses.
393.63 [Reserved]

                         Subpart E_Fuel Systems

393.65 All fuel systems.
393.67 Liquid fuel tanks.
393.68 Compressed natural gas fuel containers.
393.69 Liquefied petroleum gas systems.

              Subpart F_Coupling Devices and Towing Methods

393.70 Coupling devices and towing methods, except for driveaway-towaway 
          operations.
393.71 Coupling devices and towing methods, driveaway-towaway 
          operations.

              Subpart G_Miscellaneous Parts and Accessories

393.75 Tires.
393.76 Sleeper berths.
393.77 Heaters.
393.78 Windshield wiping and washing systems.
393.79 Windshield defrosting and defogging systems.
393.80 Rear-vision mirrors.
393.81 Horn.
393.82 Speedometer.
393.83 Exhaust systems.
393.84 Floors.
393.85 [Reserved]
393.86 Rear impact guards and rear end protection.
393.87 Warning flags on projecting loads.
393.88 Television receivers.
393.89 Buses, driveshaft protection.
393.90 Buses, standee line or bar.
393.91 Buses, aisle seats prohibited.
393.92 [Reserved]
393.93 Seats, seat belt assemblies, and seat belt assembly anchorages.
393.94 Interior noise levels in power units.

                      Subpart H_Emergency Equipment

393.95 Emergency equipment on all power units.

         Subpart I_Protection Against Shifting and Falling Cargo

393.100 Which types of commercial motor vehicles are subject to the 
          cargo securement standards of this subpart, and what general 
          requirements apply?
393.102 What are the minimum performance criteria for cargo securement 
          devices and systems?
393.104 What standards must cargo securement devices and systems meet in 
          order to satisfy the requirements of this subpart?
393.106 What are the general requirements for securing articles of 
          cargo?
393.108 How is the working load limit of a tiedown, or the load 
          restraining value of a friction mat, determined?
393.110 What else do I have to do to determine the minimum number of 
          tiedowns?
393.112 Must a tiedown be adjustable?
393.114 What are the requirements for front end structures used as part 
          of a cargo securement system?

           Specific Securement Requirements by Commodity Type

393.116 What are the rules for securing logs?
393.118 What are the rules for securing dressed lumber or similar 
          building products?
393.120 What are the rules for securing metal coils?

[[Page 540]]

393.122 What are the rules for securing paper rolls?
393.124 What are the rules for securing concrete pipe?
393.126 What are the rules for securing intermodal containers?
393.128 What are the rules for securing automobiles, light trucks and 
          vans?
393.130 What are the rules for securing heavy vehicles, equipment and 
          machinery?
393.132 What are the rules for securing flattened or crushed vehicles?
393.134 What are the rules for securing roll-on/roll-off and hook lift 
          containers?
393.136 What are the rules for securing large boulders?

    Subpart J_Frames, Cab and Body Components, Wheels, Steering, and 
                           Suspension Systems

393.201 Frames.
393.203 Cab and body components.
393.205 Wheels.
393.207 Suspension systems.
393.209 Steering wheel systems.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 31136, 31151, 31502; sec. 1041(b), Pub. L. 102-
240, 105 Stat. 1914, 1993; secs. 5301 and 5524, Pub. L. 114-94, 129 
Stat. 1312, 1543, 1560; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 33 FR 19735, Dec. 25, 1968, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 393 appear at 66 FR 
49874, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General

    Source: 53 FR 49384, Dec. 7, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  393.1  Scope of the rules in this part.

    (a) The rules in this part establish minimum standards for 
commercial motor vehicles as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this title. Only 
motor vehicles (as defined in Sec.  390.5) and combinations of motor 
vehicles which meet the definition of a commercial motor vehicle are 
subject to the requirements of this part. All requirements that refer to 
motor vehicles with a GVWR below 4,536 kg (10,001 pounds) are applicable 
only when the motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles meets the 
definition of a commercial motor vehicle.
    (b)(1) Every motor carrier and its employees must be knowledgeable 
of and comply with the requirements and specifications of this part.
    (2) Every intermodal equipment provider and its employees or agents 
responsible for the inspection, repair, and maintenance of intermodal 
equipment interchanged to motor carriers must be knowledgeable of and 
comply with the applicable requirements and specifications of this part.
    (c) No motor carrier may operate a commercial motor vehicle, or 
cause or permit such vehicle to be operated, unless it is equipped in 
accordance with the requirements and specifications of this part.
    (d) No intermodal equipment provider may operate intermodal 
equipment, or cause or permit such equipment to be operated, unless it 
is equipped in accordance with the requirements and specifications of 
this part.
    (e) The rules in this part do not apply to ``pipeline welding 
trucks'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[70 FR 48025, Aug. 15, 2005, as amended at 73 FR 76823, Dec. 17, 2008; 
81 FR 47721, July 22, 2016]



Sec.  393.3  Additional equipment and accessories.

    The use of additional equipment or accessories in a manner that 
decreases the safety of operation of a commercial motor vehicle in 
interstate commerce is prohibited. Nothing contained in this subchapter 
shall be construed to prohibit the use of additional equipment and 
accessories, not inconsistent with or prohibited by this subchapter, 
provided such equipment and accessories do not decrease the safety of 
operation of the motor vehicles on which they are used.

[78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.5  Definitions.

    As used in this part, the following words and terms are construed to 
mean:
    Aggregate working load limit. The summation of the working load 
limits or restraining capacity of all devices used to secure an article 
of cargo on a vehicle.
    Agricultural commodity trailer. A trailer that is designed to 
transport bulk agricultural commodities in off-road harvesting sites and 
to a processing

[[Page 541]]

plant or storage location, as evidenced by skeletal construction that 
accommodates harvest containers, a maximum length of 28 feet, and an 
arrangement of air control lines and reservoirs that minimizes damage in 
field operations.
    Air brake system. A system, including an air-over-hydraulic brake 
subsystem, that uses air as a medium for transmitting pressure or force 
from the driver control to the service brake, but does not include a 
system that uses compressed air or vacuum only to assist the driver in 
applying muscular force to hydraulic or mechanical components.
    Air-over-hydraulic brake subsystem. A subsystem of the air brake 
system that uses compressed air to transmit a force from the driver 
control to a hydraulic brake system to actuate the service brakes.
    Anchor point. Part of the structure, fitting or attachment on a 
vehicle or article of cargo to which a tiedown is attached.
    Antilock Brake System or ABS means a portion of a service brake 
system that automatically controls the degree of rotational wheel slip 
during braking by:
    (1) Sensing the rate of angular rotation of the wheels;
    (2) Transmitting signals regarding the rate of wheel angular 
rotation to one or more controlling devices which interpret those 
signals and generate responsive controlling output signals; and
    (3) Transmitting those controlling signals to one or more modulators 
which adjust brake actuating forces in response to those signals.
    Article of cargo. A unit of cargo, other than a liquid, gas, or 
aggregate that lacks physical structure (e.g., grain, gravel, etc.) 
including articles grouped together so that they can be handled as a 
single unit or unitized by wrapping, strapping, banding or edge 
protection device(s).
    Auxiliary driving lamp. A lighting device mounted to provide 
illumination forward of the vehicle which supplements the upper beam of 
a standard headlighting system. It is not intended for use alone or with 
the lower beam of a standard headlamp system.
    Bell pipe concrete. Pipe whose flanged end is of larger diameter 
than its barrel.
    Blocking. A structure, device or another substantial article placed 
against or around an article of cargo to prevent horizontal movement of 
the article of cargo.
    Boat trailer. A trailer designed with cradle-type mountings to 
transport a boat and configured to permit launching of the boat from the 
rear of the trailer.
    Bracing. A structure, device, or another substantial article placed 
against an article of cargo to prevent it from tipping, that may also 
prevent it from shifting.
    Brake. An energy conversion mechanism used to stop, or hold a 
vehicle stationary.
    Brake power assist unit. A device installed in a hydraulic brake 
system that reduces the operator effort required to actuate the system, 
but which if inoperative does not prevent the operator from braking the 
vehicle by a continued application of muscular force on the service 
brake control.
    Brake power unit. A device installed in a brake system that provides 
the energy required to actuate the brakes, either directly or indirectly 
through an auxiliary device, with the operator action consisting only of 
modulating the energy application level.
    Brake tubing/hose. Metallic brake tubing, nonmetallic brake tubing 
and brake hose are conduits or lines used in a brake system to transmit 
or contain the medium (fluid or vacuum) used to apply the motor 
vehicle's brakes.
    Chassis. The load-supporting frame of a commercial motor vehicle, 
exclusive of any appurtenances which might be added to accommodate 
cargo.
    Clearance Lamps. Lamps that provide light to the front or rear, 
mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle, such that they 
indicate the overall width of the vehicle.
    Container chassis trailer. A semitrailer of skeleton construction 
limited to a bottom frame, one or more axles, specially built and fitted 
with locking devices for the transport of intermodal cargo containers, 
so that when the chassis and container are assembled,

[[Page 542]]

the units serve the same function as an over the road trailer.
    Converter dolly. A motor vehicle consisting of a chassis equipped 
with one or more axles, a fifth wheel and/or equivalent mechanism, and 
drawbar, the attachment of which converts a semitrailer to a full 
trailer.
    Crib-type log trailer means a trailer equipped with stakes, bunks, a 
front-end structure, and a rear structure to restrain logs. The stakes 
prevent movement of the logs from side to side on the vehicle while the 
front-end and rear structures prevent movement of the logs from front to 
back on the vehicle.
    Curb weight. The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment, 
maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant; and, if so equipped, air 
conditioning and additional weight of optional engine. Curb weight does 
not include the driver.
    Dunnage. All loose materials used to support and protect cargo.
    Dunnage bag. An inflatable bag intended to fill otherwise empty 
space between articles of cargo, or between articles of cargo and the 
wall of the vehicle.
    Edge protector. A device placed on the exposed edge of an article to 
distribute tiedown forces over a larger area of cargo than the tiedown 
itself, to protect the tie-down and/or cargo from damage, and to allow 
the tiedown to slide freely when being tensioned.
    Electric brake system. A system that uses electric current to 
actuate the service brake.
    Emergency brake. A mechanism designed to stop a motor vehicle after 
a failure of the service brake system.
    Emergency brake system. A mechanism designed to stop a vehicle after 
a single failure occurs in the service brake system of a part designed 
to contain compressed air or brake fluid or vacuum (except failure of a 
common valve, manifold brake fluid housing or brake chamber housing).
    Fifth wheel. A device mounted on a truck tractor or similar towing 
vehicle (e.g., converter dolly) which interfaces with and couples to the 
upper coupler assembly of a semitrailer.
    Frame vehicle. A vehicle with skeletal structure fitted with one or 
more bunk units for transporting logs. A bunk unit consists of U-shaped 
front and rear bunks that together cradle logs. The bunks are welded, 
gusseted or otherwise firmly fastened to the vehicle's main beams, and 
are an integral part of the vehicle.
    Friction mat. A device placed between the deck of a vehicle and 
article of cargo, or between articles of cargo, intended to provide 
greater friction than exists naturally between these surfaces.
    Front fog lamp. A lighting device whose beam provides downward 
illumination forward of the vehicle and close to the ground, and is to 
be used only under conditions of rain, snow, dust, smoke or fog. A pair 
of fog lamps may be used alone, with parking, tail, side, marker, 
clearance and identification lamps, or with a lower beam headlamp at the 
driver's discretion in accordance with state and local use law.
    Fuel tank fitting. Any removable device affixed to an opening in the 
fuel tank with the exception of the filler cap.
    g. The acceleration due to gravity, 32.2 ft/sec\2\ (9.81 m/sec\2\).
    Grommet. A device that serves as a support and protection to that 
which passes through it.
    Hazard warning signal. Lamps that flash simultaneously to the front 
and rear, on both the right and left sides of a commercial motor 
vehicle, to indicate to an approaching driver the presence of a 
vehicular hazard.
    Head lamps. Lamps used to provide general illumination ahead of a 
motor vehicle.
    Heater. Any device or assembly of devices or appliances used to heat 
the interior of any motor vehicle. This includes a catalytic heater 
which must meet the requirements of Sec.  177.834(l)(2) of this title 
when Class 3 (flammable liquid) or Division 2.1 (flammable gas) is 
transported.
    Heavy hauler trailer. A trailer which has one or more of the 
following characteristics, but which is not a container chassis trailer:
    (1) Its brake lines are designed to adapt to separation or extension 
of the vehicle frame; or

[[Page 543]]

    (2) Its body consists only of a platform whose primary cargo-
carrying surface is not more than 1,016 mm (40 inches) above the ground 
in an unloaded condition, except that it may include sides that are 
designed to be easily removable and a permanent ``front-end structure'' 
as that term is used in Sec.  393.106 of this title.
    Hook-lift container. A specialized container, primarily used to 
contain and transport materials in the waste, recycling, construction/
demolition and scrap industries, which is used in conjunction with 
specialized vehicles, in which the container is loaded and unloaded onto 
a tilt frame body by an articulating hook-arm.
    Hydraulic brake system. A system that uses hydraulic fluid as a 
medium for transmitting force from a service brake control to the 
service brake, and that may incorporate a brake power assist unit, or a 
brake power unit.
    Identification lamps. Lamps used to identify certain types of 
commercial motor vehicles.
    Integral securement system. A system on certain roll-on/roll-off 
containers and hook-lift containers and their related transport vehicles 
in which compatible front and rear hold down devices are mated to 
provide securement of the complete vehicle and its articles of cargo.
    Lamp. A device used to produce artificial light.
    Length of a manufactured home. The largest exterior length in the 
traveling mode, including any projections which contain interior space. 
Length does not include bay windows, roof projections, overhangs, or 
eaves under which there is no interior space, nor does it include 
drawbars, couplings or hitches.
    License plate lamp. A lamp used to illuminate the license plate on 
the rear of a motor vehicle.
    Longwood. All logs that are not shortwood, i.e., are over 4.9 m (16 
feet) long. Such logs are usually described as long logs or treelength.
    Low chassis vehicle. (1) A trailer or semitrailer manufactured on or 
after January 26, 1998, having a chassis which extends behind the 
rearmost point of the rearmost tires and which has a lower rear surface 
that meets the guard width, height, and rear surface requirements of 
Sec.  571.224 in effect on the date of manufacture, or a subsequent 
edition.
    (2) A motor vehicle, not described by paragraph (1) of this 
definition, having a chassis which extends behind the rearmost point of 
the rearmost tires and which has a lower rear surface that meets the 
guard configuration requirements of Sec.  393.86(b)(1).
    Major tread groove is the space between two adjacent tread ribs or 
lugs on a tire that contains a tread wear indicator or wear bar. (In 
most cases, the locations of tread wear indicators are designated on the 
upper sidewall/shoulder of the tire on original tread tires.)
    Manufactured home means a structure, transportable in one or more 
sections, which in the traveling mode, is eight body feet or more in 
width or forty body feet or more in length, or, when erected on site, is 
three hundred twenty or more square feet, and which is built on a 
permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without 
a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and 
includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems 
contained therein. Calculations used to determine the number of square 
feet in a structure will be based on the structure's exterior dimensions 
measured at the largest horizontal projections when erected on site. 
These dimensions will include all expandable rooms, cabinets, and other 
projections containing interior space, but do not include bay windows. 
This term includes all structures which meet the above requirements 
except the size requirements and with respect to which the manufacturer 
voluntarily files a certification pursuant to 24 CFR 3282.13 and 
complies with the standards set forth in 24 CFR part 3280.
    Metal coil means an article of cargo comprised of elements, 
mixtures, compounds, or alloys commonly known as metal, metal foil, 
metal leaf, forged metal, stamped metal, metal wire, metal rod, or metal 
chain that are packaged as a roll, coil, spool, wind, or wrap, including 
plastic or rubber coated electrical wire and communications cable
    Multi-piece windshield. A windshield consisting of two or more 
windshield glazing surface areas.

[[Page 544]]

    Parking brake system. A mechanism designed to prevent the movement 
of a stationary motor vehicle.
    Play. Any free movement of components.
    Pulpwood trailer. A trailer or semitrailer that is designed 
exclusively for harvesting logs or pulpwood and constructed with a 
skeletal frame with no means for attachment of a solid bed, body, or 
container.
    Rail vehicle. A vehicle whose skeletal structure is fitted with 
stakes at the front and rear to contain logs loaded crosswise.
    Rear extremity. The rearmost point on a motor vehicle that falls 
above a horizontal plane located 560 mm (22 inches) above the ground and 
below a horizontal plane located 1,900 mm (75 inches) above the ground 
when the motor vehicle is stopped on level ground; unloaded; its fuel 
tanks are full; the tires (and air suspension, if so equipped) are 
inflated in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations; and the 
motor vehicle's cargo doors, tailgate, or other permanent structures are 
positioned as they normally are when the vehicle is in motion. 
Nonstructural protrusions such as taillamps, rubber bumpers, hinges and 
latches are excluded from the determination of the rearmost point.
    Reflective material. A material conforming to Federal Specification 
L-S-300, ``Sheeting and Tape, Reflective; Non-exposed Lens, Adhesive 
Backing,'' (September 7, 1965) meeting the performance standard in 
either Table 1 or Table 1A of SAE Standard J594f, ``Reflex Reflectors'' 
(January, 1977).
    Reflex reflector. A device which is used on a vehicle to give an 
indication to an approaching driver by reflected lighted from the lamps 
on the approaching vehicle.
    Road construction controlled horizontal discharge trailer means a 
trailer or semitrailer that is equipped with a mechanical drive and a 
conveyor to deliver asphalt and other road building materials, in a 
controlled horizontal manner, into a lay down machine or paving 
equipment for road construction and paving operations.
    Saddle-mount. A device, designed and constructed as to be readily 
demountable, used in driveaway-towaway operations to perform the 
functions of a conventional fifth wheel:
    (1) Upper-half. Upper-half of a ``saddle-mount'' means that part of 
the device which is securely attached to the towed vehicle and maintains 
a fixed position relative thereto, but does not include the ``king-
pin;''
    (2) Lower-half. Lower-half of a ``saddle-mount'' means that part of 
the device which is securely attached to the towing vehicle and 
maintains a fixed position relative thereto but does not include the 
``king-pin;'' and
    (3) King-pin. King-pin means that device which is used to connect 
the ``upper-half'' to the ``lower-half'' in such manner as to permit 
relative movement in a horizontal plane between the towed and towing 
vehicles.
    Service brake system. A primary brake system used for slowing and 
stopping a vehicle.
    Shoring bar. A device placed transversely between the walls of a 
vehicle and cargo to prevent cargo from tipping or shifting.
    Shortwood. All logs typically up to 4.9 m (16 feet) long. Such logs 
are often described as cut-up logs, cut-to-length logs, bolts or 
pulpwood. Shortwood may be loaded lengthwise or crosswise, though that 
loaded crosswise is usually no more than 2.6 m (102 inches) long.
    Sided vehicle. A vehicle whose cargo compartment is enclosed on all 
four sides by walls of sufficient strength to contain articles of cargo, 
where the walls may include latched openings for loading and unloading, 
and includes vans, dump bodies, and a sided intermodal container carried 
by a vehicle.
    Side extremity. The outermost point on a side of the motor vehicle 
that is above a horizontal plane located 560 mm (22 inches) above the 
ground, below a horizontal plane located 1,900 mm (75 inches) above the 
ground, and between a transverse vertical plane tangent to the rear 
extremity of the vehicle and a transverse vertical plane located 305 mm 
(12 inches) forward of that plane when the vehicle is unloaded; its fuel 
tanks are full; and the tires (and air suspension, if so equipped) are 
inflated in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Non-
structural protrusions such as taillights, hinges and

[[Page 545]]

latches are excluded from the determination of the outermost point.
    Side marker lamp (Intermediate). A lamp mounted on the side, on the 
permanent structure of the motor vehicle that provides light to the side 
to indicate the approximate middle of the vehicle, when the motor 
vehicle is 9.14 meters (30 feet) or more in length.
    Side marker lamps. Lamps mounted on the side, on the permanent 
structure of the motor vehicle as near as practicable to the front and 
rear of the vehicle, that provide light to the side to indicate the 
overall length of the motor vehicle.
    Special purpose vehicle. (1) A trailer or semitrailer manufactured 
on or after January 26, 1998, having work-performing equipment that, 
while the motor vehicle is in transit, resides in or moves through the 
area that could be occupied by the horizontal member of the rear impact 
guard, as defined by the guard width, height and rear surface 
requirements of Sec.  571.224 (paragraphs S5.1.1 through S5.1.3), in 
effect on the date of manufacture, or a subsequent edition.
    (2) A motor vehicle, not described by paragraph (1) of this 
definition, having work-performing equipment that, while the motor 
vehicle is in transit, resides in or moves through the area that could 
be occupied by the horizontal member of the rear impact guard, as 
defined by the guard width, height and rear surface requirements of 
Sec.  393.86(b)(1).
    Split service brake system. A brake system consisting of two or more 
subsystems actuated by a single control designed so that a leakage-type 
failure of a pressure component in a single subsystem (except structural 
failure of a housing that is common to two or more subsystems) shall not 
impair the operation of any other subsystem.
    Steering wheel lash. The condition in which the steering wheel may 
be turned through some part of a revolution without associated movement 
of the front wheels.
    Stop lamps. Lamps shown to the rear of a motor vehicle to indicate 
that the service brake system is engaged.
    Surge brake. A self-contained, permanently closed hydraulic brake 
system for trailers that relies on inertial forces, developed in 
response to the braking action of the towing vehicle, applied to a 
hydraulic device mounted on or connected to the tongue of the trailer, 
to slow down or stop the towed vehicle.
    Tail lamps. Lamps used to designate the rear of a motor vehicle.
    Tiedown. A combination of securing devices which forms an assembly 
that attaches articles of cargo to, or restrains articles of cargo on, a 
vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
    Tow bar. A strut or column-like device temporarily attached between 
the rear of a towing vehicle and the front of the vehicle being towed.
    Tractor-pole trailer. A combination vehicle that carries logs 
lengthwise so that they form the body of the vehicle. The logs are 
supported by a bunk located on the rear of the tractor, and another bunk 
on the skeletal trailer. The tractor bunk may rotate about a vertical 
axis, and the trailer may have a fixed, scoping, or cabled reach, or 
other mechanical freedom, to allow it to turn.
    Trailer kingpin. A pin (with a flange on its lower end) which 
extends vertically from the front of the underside of a semitrailer and 
which locks into a fifth wheel.
    Turn signals. Lamps used to indicate a change in direction by 
emitting a flashing light on the side of a motor vehicle towards which a 
turn will be made.
    Upper coupler assembly. A structure consisting of an upper coupler 
plate, king-pin and supporting framework which interfaces with and 
couples to a fifth wheel.
    Upper coupler plate. A plate structure through which the king-pin 
neck and collar extend. The bottom surface of the plate contacts the 
fifth wheel when coupled.
    Vacuum brake system. A system that uses a vacuum and atmospheric 
pressure for transmitting a force from the driver control to the service 
brake, not including a system that uses vacuum only to assist the driver 
in applying muscular force to hydraulic or mechanical components.
    Vehicle safety technology. Vehicle safety technology includes 
systems and

[[Page 546]]

items of equipment to promote driver, occupant, and roadway safety. 
Examples of vehicle safety technology systems and devices include a 
fleet-related incident management system, performance or behavior 
management system, speed management system, lane departure warning 
system, forward collision warning or mitigation system, active cruise 
control system, transponder, braking warning system, braking assist 
system, driver camera system, attention assist warning, Global 
Positioning Systems, and traffic sign recognition. Vehicle safety 
technology includes systems and devices that contain cameras, lidar, 
radar, sensors, and/or video.
    Void filler. Material used to fill a space between articles of cargo 
and the structure of the vehicle that has sufficient strength to prevent 
movement of the articles of cargo.
    Well. The depression formed between two cylindrical articles of 
cargo when they are laid with their eyes horizontal and parallel against 
each other.
    Wheels back vehicle. (1) A trailer or semitrailer manufactured on or 
after January 26, 1998, whose rearmost axle is permanently fixed and is 
located such that the rearmost surface of the tires (of the size 
recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for the rear axle) is not more 
than 305 mm (12 inches) forward of the transverse vertical plane tangent 
to the rear extremity of the vehicle.
    (2) A motor vehicle, not described by paragraph (1) of this 
definition, whose rearmost axle is permanently fixed and is located such 
that the rearmost surface of the tires (of the size recommended by the 
vehicle manufacturer for the rear axle) is not more than 610 mm (24 
inches) forward of the transverse vertical plane tangent to the rear 
extremity of the vehicle.
    Width of a manufactured home. The largest exterior width in the 
traveling mode, including any projections which contain interior space. 
Width does not include bay windows, roof projections, overhangs, or 
eaves under which there is no interior space.
    Windshield. The principal forward facing glazed surface provided for 
forward vision in operating a motor vehicle.
    Working load limit (WLL). The maximum load that may be applied to a 
component of a cargo securement system during normal service, usually 
assigned by the manufacturer of the component.

[53 FR 49384, Dec. 7, 1988, as amended at 63 FR 8339, Feb. 18, 1998; 63 
FR 24465, May 4, 1998; 64 FR 47707, Sept. 1, 1999; 67 FR 61224, Sept. 
27, 2002; 68 FR 56208, Sept. 30, 2003; 70 FR 48026, Aug. 15, 2005; 71 FR 
35832, June 22, 2006; 72 FR 9870, Mar. 6, 2007; 81 FR 47731, July 22, 
2016; 81 FR 65574, Sept. 23, 2016; 86 FR 62111, Nov. 9, 2021; 87 FR 
12604, Mar. 7, 2022]



Sec.  393.7  Matter incorporated by reference.

    (a) Incorporation by reference. Part 393 includes references to 
certain matter or materials, as listed in paragraph (b) of this section. 
The text of the materials is not included in the regulations contained 
in part 393. The materials are hereby made a part of the regulations in 
part 393. The Director of the Federal Register has approved the 
materials incorporated by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) 
and 1 CFR part 51. For materials subject to change, only the specific 
version approved by the Director of the Federal Register and specified 
in the regulation are incorporated. Material is incorporated as it 
exists on the date of the approval and a notice of any change in these 
materials will be published in the Federal Register.
    (b) Matter or materials referenced in part 393. The matter or 
materials listed in this paragraph are incorporated by reference in the 
corresponding sections noted.
    (1) Auxiliary Upper Beam Lamps, Society of Automotive Engineers 
(SAE) J581, July 2004, incorporation by reference approved for Sec.  
393.24(b).
    (2) Front Fog Lamp, SAE J583, August 2004, incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec.  393.24(b).
    (3) Stop Lamps for Use on Motor Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm in 
Overall Width, SAE J586, March 2000, incorporation by reference approved 
for Sec.  393.25(c).
    (4) Stop Lamps and Front- and Rear-Turn Signal Lamps for Use on 
Motor Vehicles 2032 mm or more in Overall Width, SAE J2261, January 
2002, incorporated by reference approved for Sec.  393.25 (c).
    (5) Tail Lamps (Rear Position Lamps) for Use on Motor Vehicles Less 
Than

[[Page 547]]

2032 mm in Overall Width, SAE J585, March 2000, incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec.  393.25(c).
    (6) Tail Lamps (Rear Position Lamps) for Use on Vehicles 2032 mm or 
More in Overall Width, SAE J2040, March 2002, incorporation by reference 
approved for Sec.  393.25(c).
    (7) Turn Signal Lamps for Use on Motor Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm in 
Overall Width, SAE J588, March 2000, incorporation by reference approved 
for Sec.  393.25(c).
    (8) Sidemarker Lamps for Use on Road Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm in 
Overall Width, SAE J592, August 2000, incorporation by reference 
approved for Sec.  393.25(c).
    (9) Directional Flashing Optical Warning Devices for Authorized 
Emergency, Maintenance, and Service Vehicles, SAE J595, January 2005, 
incorporation by reference approved for Sec.  393.25(e).
    (10) Optical Warning Devices for Authorized Emergency, Maintenance, 
and Service Vehicles, SAE J845, May 1997, incorporation by reference 
approved for Sec.  393.25(e).
    (11) Gaseous Discharge Warning Lamp for Authorized Emergency, 
Maintenance, and Service Vehicles, SAE J1318, May 1998, incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec.  393.25(e).
    (12) Reflex Reflectors, SAE J594, December 2003, incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec.  393.26(c).
    (13) Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic 
Control, American Society of Testing and Materials, ASTM D 4956-04, 
2004, incorporation by reference approved for Sec.  393.26(c).
    (14) Automobile, Truck, Truck-Tractor, Trailer, and Motor Coach 
Wiring, SAE J1292, October 1981, incorporated by reference approved for 
Sec.  393.28.
    (15) Highway Emergency Signals, Fourth Edition, Underwriters 
Laboratories, Inc., UL No. 912, July 30, 1979 (with an amendment dated 
November 9, 1981), incorporation by reference approved for Sec.  
393.95(j).
    (16) American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials for 
Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment Operating on Land 
Highways-Safety Standard, SAE Z26.1-1996, August 1997, incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec.  393.62(d).
    (17) Specification for Sound Level Meters, American National 
Standards Institute, S1.4-1983, incorporation by reference approved for 
Sec.  393.94(c).
    (18) Standard Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and Seals, 
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), D3953-97, February 
1998, incorporation by reference approved for Sec.  393.104(e).
    (19) Welded Steel Chain Specifications, National Association of 
Chain Manufacturers, September 28, 2005, incorporation by reference 
approved for Sec.  393.104(e).
    (20) Recommended Standard Specification for Synthetic Web Tiedowns, 
Web Sling and Tiedown Association, WSTDA-T1, 1998, incorporation by 
reference approved for Sec.  393.104(e).
    (21) Wire Rope Users Manual, 2nd Edition, Wire Rope Technical Board 
November 1985, incorporation by reference approved for Sec.  393.104(e).
    (22) Cordage Institute rope standards approved for incorporation 
into Sec.  393.104(e):
    (i) PETRS-2, Polyester Fiber Rope, 3-Strand and 8-Strand 
Constructions, January 1993;
    (ii) PPRS-2, Polypropylene Fiber Rope, 3-Strand and 8-Strand 
Constructions, August 1992;
    (iii) CRS-1, Polyester/Polypropylene Composite Rope Specifications, 
Three-Strand and Eight-Strand Standard Construction, May 1979;
    (iv) NRS-1, Nylon Rope Specifications, Three-Strand and Eight-Strand 
Standard Construction, May 1979; and
    (v) C-1, Double Braided Nylon Rope Specifications DBN, January 1984.
    (c) Availability. The materials incorporated by reference are 
available as follows:
    (1) Standards of the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Information and 
copies may be obtained by writing to: Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 
333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, Illinois 60062.
    (2) Specifications of the American Society for Testing and 
Materials. Information and copies may be obtained by writing to: 
American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor

[[Page 548]]

Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959.
    (3) Specifications of the National Association of Chain 
Manufacturers. Information and copies may be obtained by writing to: 
National Association of Chain Manufacturers, P.O. Box 22681, Lehigh 
Valley, Pennsylvania 18002-2681.
    (4) Specifications of the Web Sling and Tiedown Association. 
Information and copies may be obtained by writing to: Web Sling and 
Tiedown Association, Inc., 5024-R Campbell Boulevard, Baltimore, 
Maryland 21236-5974.
    (5) Manuals of the Wire Rope Technical Board. Information and copies 
may be obtained by writing to: Wire Rope Technical Committee, P.O. Box 
849, Stevensville, Maryland 21666.
    (6) Standards of the Cordage Institute. Information and copies may 
be obtained by writing to: Cordage Institute, 350 Lincoln Street,  115, 
Hingham, Massachusetts 02043.
    (7) Standards of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). 
Information and copies may be obtained by writing to: Society of 
Automotive Engineers, Inc., 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, 
Pennsylvania 15096.
    (8) Standards of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). 
Information and copies may be obtained by writing to: American National 
Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036.
    (9) [Reserved].
    (10) All of the materials incorporated by reference are available 
for inspection at:
    (i) Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Office of Bus and 
Truck Standards and Operations (MC-PS), 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., 
Washington, DC 20590-0001; and
    (ii) The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For 
information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-
6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/
code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 70 FR 48027, Aug. 15, 2005; 
71 FR 35832, June 22, 2006; 72 FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007; 77 FR 46638, Aug. 
6, 2012; 80 FR 59075, Oct. 1, 2015]



       Subpart B_Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Electrical Wiring



Sec.  393.9  Lamps operable, prohibition of obstructions of lamps and reflectors.

    (a) All lamps required by this subpart shall be capable of being 
operated at all times. This paragraph shall not be construed to require 
that any auxiliary or additional lamp be capable of operating at all 
times.
    (b) Lamps and reflective devices/material required by this subpart 
must not be obscured by the tailboard, or by any part of the load, or 
its covering by dirt, or other added vehicle or work equipment, or 
otherwise. Exception: The conspicuity treatments on the front end 
protection devices may be obscured by part of the load being 
transported.

[70 FR 48027, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.11  Lamps and reflective devices.

    (a)(1) Lamps and reflex reflectors. Table 1 specifies the 
requirements for lamps, reflective devices and associated equipment by 
the type of commercial motor vehicle. The diagrams in this section 
illustrate the position of the lamps, reflective devices and associated 
equipment specified in Table 1. All commercial motor vehicles 
manufactured on or after December 25, 1968, must, at a minimum, meet the 
applicable requirements of 49 CFR 571.108 (FMVSS No. 108) in effect at 
the time of manufacture of the vehicle. Commercial motor vehicles 
manufactured before December 25, 1968, must, at a minimum, meet the 
requirements of subpart B of part 393 in effect at the time of 
manufacture.
    (2) Exceptions: Pole trailers and trailer converter dollies must 
meet the part 393 requirements for lamps, reflective devices and 
electrical equipment in effect at the time of manufacture. Trailers 
which are equipped with conspicuity material which meets the 
requirements of Sec.  393.11(b) are not required to be equipped with the 
reflex reflectors listed in Table 1 if--
    (i) The conspicuity material is placed at the locations where reflex 
reflectors are required by Table 1; and

[[Page 549]]

    (ii) The conspicuity material when installed on the motor vehicle 
meets the visibility requirements for the reflex reflectors.
    (b) Conspicuity Systems. Each trailer of 2,032 mm (80 inches) or 
more overall width, and with a GVWR over 4,536 kg (10,000 pounds), 
manufactured on or after December 1, 1993, except pole trailers and 
trailers designed exclusively for living or office use, shall be 
equipped with either retroreflective sheeting that meets the 
requirements of FMVSS No. 108 (S5.7.1), reflex reflectors that meet the 
requirements FMVSS No. 108 (S5.7.2), or a combination of retroreflective 
sheeting and reflex reflectors that meet the requirements of FMVSS No. 
108 (S5.7.3). The conspicuity system shall be installed and located as 
specified in FMVSS No. 108 [S5.7.1.4 (for retroreflective sheeting), 
S5.7.2.2 (for reflex reflectors), S5.7.3 (for a combination of sheeting 
and reflectors)] and have certification and markings as required by 
S5.7.1.5 (for retroreflective tape) and S5.7.2.3 (for reflex 
reflectors).
    (c) Prohibition on the use of amber stop lamps and tail lamps. No 
commercial motor vehicle may be equipped with an amber stop lamp, a tail 
lamp, or other lamp which is optically combined with an amber stop lamp 
or tail lamp.

                                  Table 1 of Sec.   393.11--Required Lamps and Reflectors on Commercial Motor Vehicles
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                   Height above the
                                                                                                                    road surface in
                                                                                                                   millimeters (mm)
                                                                                                                     (with English    Vehicles for which
       Item on the vehicle             Quantity              Color             Location            Position            units in         the devices are
                                                                                                                     parenthesis)          required
                                                                                                                   measured from the
                                                                                                                  center of the lamp
                                                                                                                    at curb weight
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Headlamps.......................  2.................  White.............  Front.............  On the front at     Not less than 559   A, B, C
                                                                                               the same height,    mm (22 inches)
                                                                                               with an equal       nor more than
                                                                                               number at each      1,372 mm (54
                                                                                               side of the         inches).
                                                                                               vertical center
                                                                                               line as far apart
                                                                                               as practicable.
Turn signal (front). See          2.................  Amber.............  At or near the      One on each side    Not less than 381   A, B, C
 footnotes 2 and 12.                                                      front.              of the vertical     mm (15 inches)
                                                                                               centerline at the   nor more than
                                                                                               same height and     2,108 mm (83
                                                                                               as far apart as     inches).
                                                                                               practicable.
Identification lamps (front).     3.................  Amber.............  Front.............  As close as         All three on the    B, C
 See footnote 1.                                                                              practicable to      same level as
                                                                                               the top of the      close as
                                                                                               vehicle, at the     practicable to
                                                                                               same height, and    the top of the
                                                                                               as close as         motor vehicle.
                                                                                               practicable to
                                                                                               the vertical
                                                                                               centerline of the
                                                                                               vehicle (or the
                                                                                               vertical
                                                                                               centerline of the
                                                                                               cab where
                                                                                               different from
                                                                                               the centerline of
                                                                                               the vehicle) with
                                                                                               lamp centers
                                                                                               spaced not less
                                                                                               than 152 mm (6
                                                                                               inches) or more
                                                                                               than 305 mm (12
                                                                                               inches) apart.
                                                                                               Alternatively,
                                                                                               the front lamps
                                                                                               may be located as
                                                                                               close as
                                                                                               practicable to
                                                                                               the top of the
                                                                                               cab.
Tail lamps. See footnotes 5 and  2.................  Red...............  Rear..............  One lamp on each    Both on the same    A, B, C, D, E, F,
 11.                                                                                           side of the         level between 381   G, H
                                                                                               vertical            mm (15 inches)
                                                                                               centerline at the   and 1,829 mm (72
                                                                                               same height and     inches).
                                                                                               as far apart as
                                                                                               practicable.
Stop lamps. See footnotes 5 and  2.................  Red...............  Rear..............  One lamp on each    Both on the same    A, B, C, D, E, F,
 13.                                                                                           side of the         level between 381   G
                                                                                               vertical            mm (15 inches)
                                                                                               centerline at the   and 1,829 mm (72
                                                                                               same height and     inches).
                                                                                               as far apart as
                                                                                               practicable.
Clearance lamps. See footnotes    2.................  Amber.............  One on each side    One on each side    Both on the same    B, C, D, G, H
 8, 9, 10, 15 & 17.                                                       of the front of     of the vertical     level as high as
                                                                           the vehicle.        centerline to       practicable.
                                                                                               indicate overall
                                                                                               width.

[[Page 550]]

 
                                  2.................  Red...............  One on each side    One on each side    Both on the same    B, D, G, H
                                                                           of the rear of      of the vertical     level as high as
                                                                           the vehicle.        centerline to       practicable.
                                                                                               indicate overall
                                                                                               width.
Reflex reflector, intermediate    2.................  Amber.............  One on each side..  At or near the      Between 381 mm      A, B, D, F, G
 (side).                                                                                       midpoint between    (15inches) and
                                                                                               the front and       1,524 (60 inches).
                                                                                               rear side marker
                                                                                               lamps, if the
                                                                                               length of the
                                                                                               vehicle is more
                                                                                               than 9,144 mm (30
                                                                                               feet).
Reflex reflector (rear). See      2.................  Red...............  Rear..............  One on each side    Both on the same    A, B, C, D, E, F,
 footnotes 5, 6, and 8.                                                                       of the vertical     level, between      G
                                                                                               centerline, as      381 mm (15
                                                                                               far apart as        inches) and 1,524
                                                                                               practicable and     mm (60 inches).
                                                                                               at the same
                                                                                               height.
Reflex reflector (rear side)....  2.................  Red...............  One on each side    As far to the rear  Both on the same    A, B, D, F, G
                                                                           (rear).             as practicable.     level, between
                                                                                                                   381 mm (15
                                                                                                                   inches) and 1,524
                                                                                                                   mm (60 inches).
Reflex reflector (front side).    2.................  Amber.............  One on each side    As far to the       Between 381 mm (15  A, B, C, D, F, G
 See footnote 16.                                                         (front).            front as            inches) and 1,524
                                                                                               practicable.        mm (60 inches).
License plate lamp (rear). See    1.................  White.............  At rear license                         No requirements...  A, B, C, D, F, G
 footnote 11.                                                             plate to
                                                                           illuminate the
                                                                           plate from the
                                                                           top or sides.
Side marker lamp (front). See     2.................  Amber.............  One on each side..  As far to the       Not less than 381   A, B, C, D, F
 footnote 16.                                                                                 front as            mm (15 inches).
                                                                                               practicable.
Side marker lamp intermediate...  2.................  Amber.............  One on each side..  At or near the      Not less tan 381    A, B, D, F, G
                                                                                               midpoint between    mm (15 inches).
                                                                                               the front and
                                                                                               rear side marker
                                                                                               lamps, if the
                                                                                               length of the
                                                                                               vehicle is more
                                                                                               than 9,144 mm (30
                                                                                               feet).
Side marker lamp (rear). See      2.................  Red...............  One on each side..  As far to the rear  Not less than 381   A, B, D, F, G
 footnotes 4 and 8.                                                                           as practicable.     mm (15 inches),
                                                                                                                   and on the rear
                                                                                                                   of trailers not
                                                                                                                   more than 1,524
                                                                                                                   mm (60 inches).
Turn signal (rear). See           2.................  Amber or red......  Rear..............  One lamp on each    Both on the same    A, B, C, D, E, F,
 footnotes 5 and 12.                                                                          side of the         level, between      G
                                                                                               vertical            381 mm (15
                                                                                               centerline as far   inches) and 2,108
                                                                                               apart as            mm (83 inches).
                                                                                               practicable.
Identification lamp (rear). See   3.................  Red...............  Rear..............  One as close as     All three on the    B, D, G
 footnotes 3, 7, and 15.                                                                      practicable to      same level as
                                                                                               the vertical        close as
                                                                                               centerline. One     practicable to
                                                                                               on each side with   the top of the
                                                                                               lamp centers        vehicle.
                                                                                               spaced not less
                                                                                               than 152 mm (6
                                                                                               inches) or more
                                                                                               than 305 mm (12
                                                                                               inches) apart.
Vehicular hazard warning signal   2.................  Amber.............  Front.............  One lamp on each    Both on the same    A, B, C
 flasher lamps. See footnotes 5                                                               side of the         level, between
 and 12.                                                                                       vertical            381 mm (15
                                                                                               centerline, as      inches) and 2,108
                                                                                               far apart as        mm (83 inches).
                                                                                               practicable.
                                  2.................  Amber or red......  Rear..............  One lamp on each    Both on the same    A, B, C, D, E, F,
                                                                                               side of the         level, between      G
                                                                                               vertical            381 mm (15
                                                                                               centerline, as      inches) and 2,108
                                                                                               far apart as        mm (83 inches).
                                                                                               practicable.

[[Page 551]]

 
Backup lamp. See footnote 14...  1 or 2............  White.............  Rear..............  Rear..............  No requirement....  A, B, C
Parking lamp....................  2.................  Amber or white....  Front.............  One lamp on each    Both on the same    A
                                                                                               side of the         level, between
                                                                                               vertical            381 mm (15
                                                                                               centerline, as      inches) and 2,108
                                                                                               far apart as        mm (83 inches).
                                                                                               practicable.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legend: Types of commercial motor vehicles shown in the last column of Table 1.
A. Buses and trucks less than 2,032 mm (80 inches) in overall width.
B. Buses and trucks 2,032 mm (80 inches) or more in overall width.
C. Truck tractors.
D. Semitrailers and full trailers 2,032 mm (80 inches) or more in overall width except converter dollies.
E. Converter dolly.
F. Semitrailers and full trailers less than 2,032 mm (80 inches) in overall width.
G. Pole trailers.
H. Projecting loads.
Note: Lamps and reflectors may be combined as permitted by Sec.   393.22 and S5.4 of 49 CFR 571.108, Equipment combinations.
Footnote--1 Identification lamps may be mounted on the vertical centerline of the cab where different from the centerline of the vehicle, except where
  the cab is not more than 42 inches wide at the front roofline, then a single lamp at the center of the cab shall be deemed to comply with the
  requirements for identification lamps. No part of the identification lamps or their mountings may extend below the top of the vehicle windshield.
Footnote--2 Unless the turn signals on the front are so constructed (double-faced) and located as to be visible to passing drivers, two turn signals are
  required on the rear of the truck tractor, one at each side as far apart as practicable.
Footnote--3 The identification lamps need not be visible or lighted if obscured by a vehicle in the same combination.
Footnote--4 Any semitrailer or full trailer manufactured on or after March 1, 1979, shall be equipped with rear side-marker lamps at a height of not
  less than 381 mm (15 inches), and on the rear of trailers not more than 1,524 mm (60 inches) above the road surface, as measured from the center of
  the lamp on the vehicle at curb weight.
Footnote--5 Each converter dolly, when towed singly by another vehicle and not as part of a full trailer, shall be equipped with one stop lamp, one tail
  lamp, and two reflectors (one on each side of the vertical centerline, as far apart as practicable) on the rear. Each converter dolly shall be
  equipped with rear turn signals and vehicular hazard warning signal flasher lamps when towed singly by another vehicle and not as part of a full
  trailer, if the converter dolly obscures the turn signals at the rear of the towing vehicle.
Footnote--6 Pole trailers shall be equipped with two reflex reflectors on the rear, one on each side of the vertical centerline as far apart as
  practicable, to indicate the extreme width of the trailer.
Footnote--7 Pole trailers, when towed by motor vehicles with rear identification lamps meeting the requirements of Sec.   393.11 and mounted at a height
  greater than the load being transported on the pole trailer, are not required to have rear identification lamps.
Footnote--8 Pole trailers shall have on the rearmost support for the load: (1) two front clearance lamps, one on each side of the vehicle, both on the
  same level and as high as practicable to indicate the overall width of the pole trailer; (2) two rear clearance lamps, one on each side of the
  vehicle, both on the same level and as high as practicable to indicate the overall width of the pole trailer; (3) two rear side marker lamps, one on
  each side of the vehicle, both on the same level, not less than 375 mm (15 inches) above the road surface; (4) two rear reflex reflectors, one on each
  side, both on the same level, not less than 375 mm (15 inches) above the road surface to indicate maximum width of the pole trailer; and (5) one red
  reflector on each side of the rearmost support for the load. Lamps and reflectors may be combined as allowed in Sec.   393.22.
Footnote--9 Any motor vehicle transporting a load which extends more than 102 mm (4 inches) beyond the overall width of the motor vehicle shall be
  equipped with the following lamps in addition to other required lamps when operated during the hours when headlamps are required to be used.
(1) The foremost edge of that portion of the load which projects beyond the side of the vehicle shall be marked (at its outermost extremity) with an
  amber lamp visible from the front and side.
(2) The rearmost edge of that portion of the load which projects beyond the side of the vehicle shall be marked (at its outermost extremity) with a red
  lamp visible from the rear and side.
(3) If the projecting load does not measure more than 914 mm (3 feet) from front to rear, it shall be marked with an amber lamp visible from the front,
  both sides, and rear, except that if the projection is located at or near the rear it shall be marked by a red lamp visible from front, side, and
  rear.
Footnote--10 Projections beyond rear of motor vehicles. Motor vehicles transporting loads which extend more than 1,219 mm (4 feet) beyond the rear of
  the motor vehicle, or which have tailboards or tailgates extending more than 1,219 mm (4 feet) beyond the body, shall have these projections marked as
  follows when the vehicle is operated during the hours when headlamps are required to be used:
(1) On each side of the projecting load, one red side marker lamp, visible from the side, located so as to indicate maximum overhang.
(2) On the rear of the projecting load, two red lamps, visible from the rear, one at each side; and two red reflectors visible from the rear, one at
  each side, located so as to indicate maximum width.
Footnote--11 To be illuminated when headlamps are illuminated. No rear license plate lamp is required on vehicles that do not display a rear license
  plate.
Footnote--12 Every bus, truck, and truck tractor shall be equipped with a signaling system that, in addition to signaling turning movements, shall have
  a switch or combination of switches that will cause the two front turn signals and the two rear signals to flash simultaneously as a vehicular traffic
  signal warning, required by Sec.   392.22(a). The system shall be capable of flashing simultaneously with the ignition of the vehicle on or off.
Footnote--13 To be actuated upon application of service brakes.
Footnote--14 Backup lamp required to operate when bus, truck, or truck tractor is in reverse.
Footnote--15
(1) For the purposes of Sec.   393.11, the term ``overall width'' refers to the nominal design dimension of the widest part of the vehicle, exclusive of
  the signal lamps, marker lamps, outside rearview mirrors, flexible fender extensions, and mud flaps.
(2) Clearance lamps may be mounted at a location other than on the front and rear if necessary to indicate the overall width of a vehicle, or for
  protection from damage during normal operation of the vehicle.

[[Page 552]]

 
(3) On a trailer, the front clearance lamps may be mounted at a height below the extreme height if mounting at the extreme height results in the lamps
  failing to mark the overall width of the trailer.
(4) On a truck tractor, clearance lamps mounted on the cab may be located to indicate the width of the cab, rather than the width of the vehicle.
(5) When the rear identification lamps are mounted at the extreme height of a vehicle, rear clearance lamps are not required to be located as close as
  practicable to the top of the vehicle.
Footnote--16 A trailer subject to this part that is less than 1829 mm (6 feet) in overall length, including the trailer tongue, need not be equipped
  with front side marker lamps and front side reflex reflectors.
Footnote--17 A boat trailer subject to this part whose overall width is 2032 mm (80 inches) or more need not be equipped with both front and rear
  clearance lamps provided an amber (front) and red (rear) clearance lamp is located at or near the midpoint on each side so as to indicate its extreme
  width.

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[70 FR 48027, Aug. 15, 2005, as amended at 72 FR 32014, June 11, 2007; 
72 FR 33562, June 18, 2007; 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 47731, 
July 22, 2016; 81 FR 60634, Sept. 2, 2016]

[[Page 564]]



Sec.  393.13  Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors,
requirements for semitrailers and trailers manufactured before
December 1, 1993.

    (a) Applicability. All trailers and semitrailers manufactured prior 
to December 1, 1993, which have an overall width of 2,032 mm (80 inches) 
or more and a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kg (10,001 pounds) or 
more, except trailers that are manufactured exclusively for use as 
offices or dwellings, pole trailers (as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this 
subchapter), and trailers transported in a driveaway-towaway operation, 
must be equipped with retroreflective sheeting or an array of reflex 
reflectors that meet the requirements of this section. Motor carriers 
operating trailers, other than container chassis (as defined in Sec.  
393.5), have until June 1, 2001, to comply with the requirements of this 
section. Motor carriers operating container chassis have until December 
1, 2001, to comply with the requirements of this section.
    (b) Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors. Motor carriers 
are encouraged to retrofit their trailers with a conspicuity system that 
meets all of the requirements applicable to trailers manufactured on or 
after December 1, 1993, including the use of retroreflective sheeting or 
reflex reflectors in a red and white pattern (see Federal Motor Vehicle 
Safety Standard No. 108 (49 CFR 571.108), S5.7, Conspicuity systems). 
Motor carriers which do not retrofit their trailers to meet the 
requirements of FMVSS No. 108, for example by using an alternative color 
pattern, must comply with the remainder of this paragraph and with 
paragraph (c) or (d) of this section. Retroreflective sheeting or reflex 
reflectors in colors or color combinations other than red and white may 
be used on the sides or lower rear area of the semitrailer or trailer 
until June 1, 2009. The alternate color or color combination must be 
uniform along the sides and lower rear area of the trailer. The 
retroreflective sheeting or reflex reflectors on the upper rear area of 
the trailer must be white and conform to the requirements of FMVSS No. 
108 (S5.7). Red retroreflective sheeting or reflex reflectors shall not 
be used along the sides of the trailer unless it is used as part of a 
red and white pattern. Retroreflective sheeting shall have a width of at 
least 50 mm (2 inches).
    (c) Locations for retroreflective sheeting--(1) Sides. 
Retroreflective sheeting shall be applied to each side of the trailer or 
semitrailer. Each strip of retroreflective sheeting shall be positioned 
as horizontally as practicable, beginning and ending as close to the 
front and rear as practicable. The strip need not be continuous but the 
sum of the length of all of the segments shall be at least half of the 
length of the trailer and the spaces between the segments of the strip 
shall be distributed as evenly as practicable. The centerline for each 
strip of retroreflective sheeting shall be between 375 mm (15 inches) 
and 1,525 mm (60 inches) above the road surface when measured with the 
trailer empty or unladen, or as close as practicable to this area. If 
necessary to clear rivet heads or other similar obstructions, 50 mm (2 
inches) wide retroreflective sheeting may be separated into two 25 mm (1 
inch) wide strips of the same length and color, separated by a space of 
not more than 25 mm (1 inch).
    (2) Lower rear area. The rear of each trailer and semitrailer must 
be equipped with retroreflective sheeting. Each strip of retroreflective 
sheeting shall be positioned as horizontally as practicable, extending 
across the full width of the trailer, beginning and ending as close to 
the extreme edges as practicable. The centerline for each of the strips 
of retroreflective sheeting shall be between 375 mm (15 inches) and 
1,525 mm (60 inches) above the road surface when measured with the 
trailer empty or unladen, or as close as practicable to this area.
    (3) Upper rear area. Two pairs of white strips of retroreflective 
sheeting, each pair consisting of strips 300 mm (12 inches) long, must 
be positioned horizontally and vertically on the right and left upper 
corners of the rear of the body of each trailer and semitrailer, as 
close as practicable to the top of the trailer and as far apart as 
practicable. If the perimeter of the body, as viewed from the rear, is 
not square or rectangular, the strips may be applied along the 
perimeter, as close as practicable to the uppermost and outermost areas

[[Page 565]]

of the rear of the body on the left and right sides.
    (d) Locations for reflex reflectors--(1) Sides. Reflex reflectors 
shall be applied to each side of the trailer or semitrailer. Each array 
of reflex reflectors shall be positioned as horizontally as practicable, 
beginning and ending as close to the front and rear as practicable. The 
array need not be continuous but the sum of the length of all of the 
array segments shall be at least half of the length of the trailer and 
the spaces between the segments of the strip shall be distributed as 
evenly as practicable. The centerline for each array of reflex 
reflectors shall be between 375 mm (15 inches) and 1,525 mm (60 inches) 
above the road surface when measured with the trailer empty or unladen, 
or as close as practicable to this area. The center of each reflector 
shall not be more than 100 mm (4 inches) from the center of each 
adjacent reflector in the segment of the array. If reflex reflectors are 
arranged in an alternating color pattern, the length of reflectors of 
the first color shall be as close as practicable to the length of the 
reflectors of the second color.
    (2) Lower rear area. The rear of each trailer and semitrailer must 
be equipped with reflex reflectors. Each array of reflex reflectors 
shall be positioned as horizontally as practicable, extending across the 
full width of the trailer, beginning and ending as close to the extreme 
edges as practicable. The centerline for each array of reflex reflectors 
shall be between 375 mm (15 inches) and 1,525 mm (60 inches) above the 
road surface when measured with the trailer empty or unladen, or as 
close as practicable to this area. The center of each reflector shall 
not be more than 100 mm (4 inches) from the center of each adjacent 
reflector in the segment of the array.
    (3) Upper rear area. Two pairs of white reflex reflector arrays, 
each pair at least 300 mm (12 inches) long, must be positioned 
horizontally and vertically on the right and left upper corners of the 
rear of the body of each trailer and semitrailer, as close as 
practicable to the top of the trailer and as far apart as practicable. 
If the perimeter of the body, as viewed from the rear, is not square or 
rectangular, the arrays may be applied along the perimeter, as close as 
practicable to the uppermost and outermost areas of the rear of the body 
on the left and right sides. The center of each reflector shall not be 
more than 100 mm (4 inches) from the center of each adjacent reflector 
in the segment of the array.

[64 FR 15605, Mar. 31, 1999, as amended at 66 FR 30339, June 6, 2001]



Sec.  393.17  Lamps and reflectors--combinations in driveaway-towaway
operation.

    A combination of motor vehicles engaged in driveaway-towaway 
operation must be equipped with operative lamps and reflectors 
conforming to the rules in this section.
    (a) The towing vehicle must be equipped as follows:
    (1) On the front, there must be at least two headlamps, an equal 
number at each side, two turn signals, one at each side, and two 
clearance lamps, one at each side.
    (2) On each side, there must be at least one side-marker lamp, 
located near the front of the vehicle.
    (3) On the rear, there must be at least two tail lamps, one at each 
side, and two stop lamps, one at each side.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, the 
rearmost towed vehicle of the combination (including the towed vehicles 
of a tow-bar combination, the towed vehicle of a single saddle-mount 
combination, and the rearmost towed vehicle of a double or triple 
saddle-mount combination) or, in the case of a vehicle full-mounted on a 
saddle-mount vehicle, either the full-mounted vehicle or the rearmost 
saddle-mounted vehicle must be equipped as follows:
    (1) On each side, there must be at least one side-marker lamp, 
located near the rear of the vehicle.
    (2) On the rear, there must be at least two tail lamps, two stop 
lamps, two turn signals, two clearance lamps, and two reflectors, one of 
each type at each side. In addition, if any vehicle in the combination 
is 80 inches or more in overall width, there must be three 
identification lamps on the rear.
    (c) If the towed vehicle in a combination is a mobile structure 
trailer, it must be equipped in accordance with

[[Page 566]]

the following lighting devices. For the purposes of this part, mobile 
structure trailer means a trailer that has a roof and walls, is at least 
10 feet wide, and can be used off road for dwelling or commercial 
purposes.
    (1) When the vehicle is operated in accordance with the terms of a 
special permit prohibiting operation during the times when lighted lamps 
are required, it must have on the rear--
    (i) Two stop lamps, one on each side of the vertical centerline, at 
the same height, and as far apart as practicable;
    (ii) Two tail lamps, one on each side of the vertical centerline, at 
the same height, and as far apart as practicable;
    (iii) Two red reflex reflectors, one on each side of the vertical 
centerline, at the same height, and as far apart as practicable; and
    (iv) Two turn signal lamps, one on each side of the vertical 
centerline, at the same height, and as far apart as practicable.
    (2) At all other times, the vehicle must be equipped as specified in 
paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) An intermediate towed vehicle in a combination consisting of 
more than two vehicles (including the first saddle-mounted vehicle of a 
double saddle-mount combination and the first and second saddle-mount 
vehicles of a triple saddle-mount combination) must have one side-marker 
lamp on each side, located near the rear of the vehicle.

[[Page 567]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15AU05.017


[[Page 568]]


[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15AU05.018


[[Page 569]]


[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15AU05.019


(49 U.S.C. 304, 1655; 49 CFR 1.48(b) and 301.60)

[40 FR 36126, Aug. 19, 1975, as amended at 47 FR 47837, Oct. 28, 1982; 
70 FR 48044, Aug. 15, 2005; 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012; 80 FR 59075, Oct. 
1, 2015]



Sec.  393.19  Hazard warning signals.

    The hazard warning signal operating unit on each commercial motor 
vehicle shall operate independently of the ignition or equivalent 
switch, and when activated, cause all turn signals required by Sec.  
393.11 to flash simultaneously.

[70 FR 48046, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.20  [Reserved]



Sec.  393.22  Combination of lighting devices and reflectors.

    (a) Permitted combinations. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of 
this section, two or more lighting devices and reflectors (whether or 
not required by the rules in this part) may be combined optically if--
    (1) Each required lighting device and reflector conforms to the 
applicable rules in this part; and
    (2) Neither the mounting nor the use of a nonrequired lighting 
device or reflector impairs the effectiveness of a required lighting 
device or reflector or causes that device or reflector to be 
inconsistent with the applicable rules in this part.

[[Page 570]]

    (b) Prohibited combinations. (1) A turn signal lamp must not be 
combined optically with either a head lamp or other lighting device or 
combination of lighting devices that produces a greater intensity of 
light than the turn signal lamp.
    (2) A turn signal lamp must not be combined optically with a stop 
lamp unless the stop lamp function is always deactivated when the turn 
signal function is activated.
    (3) A clearance lamp must not be combined optically with a tail lamp 
or identification lamp.

[39 FR 26908, July 24, 1974]



Sec.  393.23  Power supply for lamps.

    All required lamps must be powered by the electrical system of the 
motor vehicle with the exception of battery powered lamps used on 
projecting loads.

[70 FR 48046, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.24  Requirements for head lamps, auxiliary driving lamps and 
front fog lamps.

    (a) Headlamps. Every bus, truck and truck tractor shall be equipped 
with headlamps as required by Sec.  393.11(a). The headlamps shall 
provide an upper and lower beam distribution of light, selectable at the 
driver's will and be steady-burning. The headlamps shall be marked in 
accordance with FMVSS No. 108. Auxiliary driving lamps and/or front fog 
lamps may not be used to satisfy the requirements of this paragraph.
    (b) Auxiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps. Commercial motor 
vehicles may be equipped with auxiliary driving lamps and/or front fog 
lamps for use in conjunction with, but not in lieu of the required 
headlamps. Auxiliary driving lamps shall meet SAE Standard J581 
Auxiliary Upper Beam Lamps, July 2004, and front fog lamps shall meet 
SAE Standard J583 Front Fog Lamp, August 2004. (See Sec.  393.7 for 
information on the incorporation by reference and availability of these 
documents.)
    (c) Mounting. Headlamps shall be mounted and aimable in accordance 
with FMVSS No. 108. Auxiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps shall be 
mounted so that the beams are aimable and the mounting shall prevent the 
aim of the lighting device from being disturbed while the vehicle is 
operating on public roads.
    (d) Aiming. Headlamps, auxiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps 
shall be aimed to meet the aiming specifications in FMVSS No. 108 (49 
CFR 571.108), SAE J581, and SAE J583, respectively.

[70 FR 48046, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.25  Requirements for lamps other than head lamps.

    (a) Mounting. All lamps shall be securely mounted on a rigid part of 
the vehicle. Temporary lamps must be securely mounted to the load and 
are not required to be mounted to a permanent part of the vehicle.
    (b) Visibility. Each lamp shall be located so that it meets the 
visibility requirements specified by FMVSS No. 108 in effect at the time 
of manufacture of the vehicle. Vehicles which were not subject to FMVSS 
No. 108 at the time of manufacture shall have each lamp located so that 
it meets the visibility requirements specified in the SAE standards 
listed in paragraph (c) of this section. If motor vehicle equipment 
(e.g., mirrors, snow plows, wrecker booms, backhoes, and winches) 
prevents compliance with this paragraph by any required lamp, an 
auxiliary lamp or device meeting the requirements of this paragraph 
shall be provided. This shall not be construed to apply to lamps on one 
unit which are obscured by another unit of a combination of vehicles.
    (c) Specifications. All required lamps (except marker lamps on 
projecting loads, lamps which are temporarily attached to vehicles 
transported in driveaway-towaway operations, and lamps on converter 
dollies and pole trailers) on vehicles manufactured on or after December 
25, 1968, shall, at a minimum, meet the applicable requirements of FMVSS 
No. 108 in effect on the date of manufacture of the vehicle. Marker 
lamps on projecting loads, all lamps which are temporarily attached to 
vehicles transported in driveaway-towaway operations, and all lamps on 
converter dollies and pole trailers must meet the following applicable 
SAE standards: J586--Stop Lamps for Use on

[[Page 571]]

Motor Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm in Overall Width, March 2000; J2261 
Stop Lamps and Front- and Rear-Turn Signal Lamps for Use on Motor 
Vehicles 2032 mm or More in Overall Width, January 2002; J585--Tail 
Lamps (Rear Position Lamps) for Use on Motor Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm 
in Overall Width, March 2000; J588--Turn Signal Lamps for Use on Motor 
Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm in Overall Width, March 2000; J2040--Tail 
Lamps (Rear Position Lamps) for Use on Vehicles 2032 mm or More in 
Overall Width, March 2002; J592--Sidemarker Lamps for Use on Road 
Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm in Overall Width, August 2000. (See Sec.  
393.7 for information on the incorporation by reference and availability 
of these documents.)
    (d) (Reserved)
    (e) Lamps to be steady-burning. All exterior lamps (both required 
lamps and any additional lamps) shall be steady-burning with the 
exception of turn signal lamps; hazard warning signal lamps; school bus 
warning lamps; amber warning lamps or flashing warning lamps on tow 
trucks and commercial motor vehicles transporting oversized loads; and 
warning lamps on emergency and service vehicles authorized by State or 
local authorities. Lamps combined into the same shell or housing with a 
turn signal are not required to be steady burning while the turn signal 
is in use. Amber warning lamps must meet SAE J845--Optical Warning 
Devices for Authorized Emergency, Maintenance and Service Vehicles, May 
1997. Amber flashing warning lamps must meet SAE J595--Directional 
Flashing Optical Warning Devices for Authorized Emergency, Maintenance 
and Service Vehicles, January 2005. Amber gaseous discharge warning 
lamps must meet SAE J1318 Gaseous Discharge Warning Lamp for Authorized 
Emergency, Maintenance, and Service Vehicles, May 1998. (See Sec.  
393.7(b) for information on the incorporation by reference and 
availability of these documents.)
    (f) Stop lamp operation. The stop lamps on each vehicle shall be 
activated upon application of the service brakes. The stop lamps are not 
required to be activated when the emergency feature of the trailer 
brakes is used or when the stop lamp is optically combined with the turn 
signal and the turn signal is in use.

[70 FR 48047, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.26  Requirements for reflectors.

    (a) Mounting. Reflex reflectors shall be mounted at the locations 
required by Sec.  393.11. In the case of motor vehicles so constructed 
that requirement for a 381 mm (15-inch) minimum height above the road 
surface is not practical, the reflectors shall be mounted as close as 
practicable to the required mounting height range. All permanent reflex 
reflectors shall be securely mounted on a rigid part of the vehicle. 
Temporary reflectors on projecting loads must be securely mounted to the 
load and are not required to be permanently mounted to a part of the 
vehicle. Temporary reflex reflectors on vehicles transported in 
driveaway-towaway operations must be firmly attached.
    (b) Specifications. All required reflex reflectors (except reflex 
reflectors on projecting loads, vehicles transported in a driveaway-
towaway operation, converter dollies and pole trailers) on vehicles 
manufactured on or after December 25, 1968, shall meet the applicable 
requirements of FMVSS No. 108 in effect on the date of manufacture of 
the vehicle. Reflex reflectors on projecting loads, vehicles transported 
in a driveaway-towaway operation, and all reflex reflectors on converter 
dollies and pole trailers must conform to SAE J594--Reflex Reflectors, 
December 2003.
    (c) Substitute material for side reflex reflectors. Reflective 
material conforming to ASTM D 4956-04, Standard Specification for 
Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control, may be used in lieu of 
reflex reflectors if the material as used on the vehicle, meets the 
performance standards in either Table I of SAE J594 or Table IA of SAE 
J594--Reflex Reflectors, December 2003. (See Sec.  393.7(b) for 
information on the incorporation by reference and availability of these 
documents.)
    (d) Use of additional retroreflective surfaces. Additional 
retroreflective surfaces may be used in conjunction with, but not in 
lieu of the reflex reflectors required in subpart B of part 393, and the 
substitute material for side reflex

[[Page 572]]

reflectors allowed by paragraph (c) of this section, provided:
    (1) Designs do not resemble traffic control signs, lights, or 
devices, except that straight edge striping resembling a barricade 
pattern may be used.
    (2) Designs do not tend to distort the length and/or width of the 
motor vehicle.
    (3) Such surfaces shall be at least 3 inches from any required lamp 
or reflector unless of the same color as such lamp or reflector.
    (4) No red color shall be used on the front of any motor vehicle, 
except for display of markings or placards required by Sec.  177.823 of 
this title.
    (5) Retroreflective license plates required by State or local 
authorities may be used.

[33 FR 19735, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 35 FR 3167, Feb. 19, 1970; 53 
FR 49397, Dec. 7, 1988; 70 FR 48047, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.27  [Reserved]



Sec.  393.28  Wiring systems.

    Electrical wiring shall be installed and maintained to conform to 
SAE J1292--Automobile, Truck, Truck-Tractor, Trailer, and Motor Coach 
Wiring, October 1981, except the jumper cable plug and receptacle need 
not conform to SAE J560. The reference to SAE J1292 shall not be 
construed to require circuit protection on trailers. (See Sec.  393.7(b) 
for information on the incorporation by reference and availability of 
this document.)

[70 FR 48047, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.29  [Reserved]



Sec.  393.30  Battery installation.

    Every storage battery on every vehicle, unless located in the engine 
compartment, shall be covered by a fixed part of the motor vehicle or 
protected by a removable cover or enclosure. Removable covers or 
enclosures shall be substantial and shall be securely latched or 
fastened. The storage battery compartment and adjacent metal parts which 
might corrode by reason of battery leakage shall be painted or coated 
with an acid-resisting paint or coating and shall have openings to 
provide ample battery ventilation and drainage. Wherever the cable to 
the starting motor passes through a metal compartment, the cable shall 
be protected against grounding by an acid and waterproof insulating 
bushing. Wherever a battery and a fuel tank are both placed under the 
driver's seat, they shall be partitioned from each other, and each 
compartment shall be provided with an independent cover, ventilation, 
and drainage.



Sec. Sec.  393.31-393.33  [Reserved]



                            Subpart C_Brakes



Sec.  393.40  Required brake systems.

    (a) Each commercial motor vehicle must have brakes adequate to stop 
and hold the vehicle or combination of motor vehicles. Each commercial 
motor vehicle must meet the applicable service, parking, and emergency 
brake system requirements provided in this section.
    (b) Service brakes--(1) Hydraulic brake systems. Motor vehicles 
equipped with hydraulic brake systems and manufactured on or after 
September 2, 1983, must, at a minimum, have a service brake system that 
meets the requirements of FMVSS No. 105 in effect on the date of 
manufacture. Motor vehicles which were not subject to FMVSS No. 105 on 
the date of manufacture must have a service brake system that meets the 
applicable requirements of Sec. Sec.  393.42, 393.48, 393.49, 393.51, 
and 393.52 of this subpart.
    (2) Air brake systems. Buses, trucks and truck-tractors equipped 
with air brake systems and manufactured on or after March 1, 1975, and 
trailers manufactured on or after January 1, 1975, must, at a minimum, 
have a service brake system that meets the requirements of FMVSS No. 121 
in effect on the date of manufacture. Motor vehicles which were not 
subject to FMVSS No. 121 on the date of manufacture must have a service 
brake system that meets the applicable requirements of Sec. Sec.  
393.42, 393.48, 393.49, 393.51, and 393.52 of this subpart.
    (3) Vacuum brake systems. Motor vehicles equipped with vacuum brake 
systems must have a service brake system that meets the applicable 
requirements of Sec. Sec.  393.42, 393.48, 393.49, 393.51, and 393.52 of 
this subpart.

[[Page 573]]

    (4) Electric brake systems. Motor vehicles equipped with electric 
brake systems must have a service brake system that meets the applicable 
requirements of Sec. Sec.  393.42, 393.48, 393.49 and 393.52 of this 
subpart.
    (5) Surge brake systems. Motor vehicles equipped with surge brake 
systems must have a service brake system that meets the applicable 
requirements of Sec. Sec.  393.42, 393.48, 393.49, and 393.52 of this 
subpart.
    (c) Parking brakes. Each commercial motor vehicle must be equipped 
with a parking brake system that meets the applicable requirements of 
Sec.  393.41.
    (d) Emergency brakes--partial failure of service brakes--(1) 
Hydraulic brake systems. Motor vehicles manufactured on or after 
September 2, 1983, and equipped with a split service brake system must, 
at a minimum, meet the partial failure requirements of FMVSS No. 105 in 
effect on the date of manufacture.
    (2) Air brake systems. Buses, trucks and truck tractors manufactured 
on or after March 1, 1975, and trailers manufactured on or after January 
1, 1975, must be equipped with an emergency brake system which, at a 
minumum, meets the requirements of FMVSS No. 121 in effect on the date 
of manufacture.
    (3) Vehicles not subject to FMVSS Nos. 105 and 121 on the date of 
manufacture. Buses, trucks and truck tractors not subject to FMVSS Nos. 
105 or 121 on the date of manufacture must meet the requirements of 
Sec.  393.40(e). Trailers not subject to FMVSS No. 121 at the time of 
manufacture must meet the requirements of Sec.  393.43.
    (e) Emergency brakes, vehicles manufactured on or after July 1, 
1973. (1) A bus, truck, truck tractor, or a combination of motor 
vehicles manufactured on or after July 1, 1973, and not covered under 
paragraphs (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section, must have an emergency 
brake system which consists of emergency features of the service brake 
system or an emergency system separate from the service brake system. 
The emergency brake system must meet the applicable requirements of 
Sec. Sec.  393.43 and 393.52.
    (2) A control by which the driver applies the emergency brake system 
must be located so that the driver can operate it from the normal 
seating position while restrained by any seat belts with which the 
vehicle is equipped. The emergency brake control may be combined with 
either the service brake control or the parking brake control. However, 
all three controls may not be combined.
    (f) Interconnected systems. (1) If the brake systems required by 
Sec.  393.40(a) are interconnected in any way, they must be designed, 
constructed, and maintained so that in the event of a failure of any 
part of the operating mechanism of one or more of the systems (except 
the service brake actuation pedal or valve), the motor vehicle will have 
operative brakes and, for vehicles manufactured on or after July 1, 
1973, be capable of meeting the requirements of Sec.  393.52(b).
    (2) A motor vehicle to which the requirements of FMVSS No. 105 
(S5.1.2), dealing with partial failure of the service brake, applied at 
the time of manufacture meets the requirements of Sec.  393.40(f)(1) if 
the motor vehicle is maintained in conformity with FMVSS No. 105 and the 
motor vehicle is capable of meeting the requirements of Sec.  393.52(b), 
except in the case of a structural failure of the brake master cylinder 
body.
    (3) A bus is considered to meet the requirements of Sec.  
393.40(f)(1) if it meets the requirements of Sec.  393.44 and Sec.  
393.52(b).

[70 FR 48048, Aug. 15, 2005, as amended at 72 FR 9870, Mar. 6, 2007]



Sec.  393.41  Parking brake system.

    (a) Hydraulic-braked vehicles manufactured on or after September 2, 
1983. Each truck and bus (other than a school bus) with a GVWR of 4,536 
kg (10,000 pounds) or less which is subject to this part and school 
buses with a GVWR greater than 4,536 kg (10,000 pounds) shall be 
equipped with a parking brake system as required by FMVSS No. 571.105 
(S5.2) in effect at the time of manufacture. The parking brake shall be 
capable of holding the vehicle or combination of vehicles stationary 
under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public road 
(free of ice and snow). Hydraulic-braked vehicles which were not

[[Page 574]]

subject to the parking brake requirements of FMVSS No. 571.105 (S5.2) 
must be equipped with a parking brake system that meets the requirements 
of paragraph (c) of this section.
    (b) Air-braked power units manufactured on or after March 1, 1975, 
and air-braked trailers manufactured on or after January 1, 1975. Each 
air-braked bus, truck and truck tractor manufactured on and after March 
1, 1975, and each air-braked trailer except an agricultural commodity 
trailer, converter dolly, heavy hauler trailer or pulpwood trailer, 
shall be equipped with a parking brake system as required by FMVSS No. 
121 (S5.6) in effect at the time of manufacture. The parking brake shall 
be capable of holding the vehicle or combination of vehicles stationary 
under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public road 
(free of ice and snow). An agricultural commodity trailer, heavy hauler 
or pulpwood trailer shall carry sufficient chocking blocks to prevent 
movement when parked.
    (c) Vehicles not subject to FMVSS Nos. 105 and 121 on the date of 
manufacture. (1) Each singly driven motor vehicle not subject to parking 
brake requirements of FMVSS Nos. 105 or 121 at the time of manufacturer, 
and every combination of motor vehicles must be equipped with a parking 
brake system adequate to hold the vehicle or combination on any grade on 
which it is operated, under any condition of loading in which it is 
found on a public road (free of ice and snow).
    (2) The parking brake system shall, at all times, be capable of 
being applied by either the driver's muscular effort or by spring 
action. If other energy is used to apply the parking brake, there must 
be an accumulation of that energy isolated from any common source and 
used exclusively for the operation of the parking brake.


Exception: This paragraph shall not be applicable to air-applied, 
mechanically-held parking brake systems which meet the parking brake 
requirements of FMVSS No. 121 (S5.6).
    (3) The parking brake system shall be held in the applied position 
by energy other than fluid pressure, air pressure, or electric energy. 
The parking brake system shall not be capable of being released unless 
adequate energy is available to immediately reapply the parking brake 
with the required effectiveness.

[70 FR 48048, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.42  Brakes required on all wheels.

    (a) Every commercial motor vehicle shall be equipped with brakes 
acting on all wheels. This requirement also applies to certain motor 
vehicles being towed in a driveaway-towaway operation, as follows:
    (1) Any motor vehicle towed by means of a tow-bar when another motor 
vehicle is full-mounted on the towed vehicle; and
    (2) Any saddlemount configuration with a fullmount.
    (b) Exception. (1) Trucks or truck tractors having three or more 
axles and manufactured before July 25, 1980, are not required to have 
brakes on the front wheels. However, these vehicles must meet the 
requirements of Sec.  393.52.
    (2) Motor vehicles being towed in a driveaway-towaway operation 
(including the last truck of triple saddle-mount combinations (see Sec.  
393.71(a)(3)) are not required to have operative brakes provided the 
combination of vehicles meets the requirements of Sec.  393.52.
    (3) Any semitrailer or pole trailer (laden or unladen) with a gross 
weight of 1,361 kg (3,000 pounds) or less which is subject to this part 
is not required to be equipped with brakes if the axle weight of the 
towed vehicle does not exceed 40 percent of the sum of the axle weights 
of the towing vehicle.
    (4) Any full trailer or four-wheel pole trailer (laden or unladen) 
with a gross weight of 1,361 kg (3,000 pounds) or less which is subject 
to this part is not required to be equipped with brakes if the sum of 
the axle weights of the towed vehicle does not exceed 40 percent of the 
sum of the axle weights of the towing vehicle.
    (5) Brakes are not required on the steering axle of a three-axle 
dolly which is steered by a co-driver.
    (6) Loaded housemoving dollies, specialized trailers and dollies 
used to transport industrial furnaces, reactors,

[[Page 575]]

and similar motor vehicles are not required to be equipped with brakes, 
provided the speed at which the combination of vehicles will be operated 
does not exceed 32 km/hour (20 mph) and brakes on the combination of 
vehicles are capable of stopping the combination within 12.2 meters (40 
feet) from the speed at which the vehicle is being operated or 32 km/
hour (20 mph), whichever is less.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15AU05.020


[52 FR 2803, Jan. 27, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 49398, Dec. 7, 1988; 54 
FR 48617, Nov. 24, 1989; 59 FR 25574, May 17, 1994; 61 FR 1843, Jan. 24, 
1996; 70 FR 48049, Aug. 15, 2005; 76 FR 56321, Sept. 13, 2011]



Sec.  393.43  Breakaway and emergency braking.

    (a) Towing vehicle protection system. Every motor vehicle, if used 
to tow a trailer equipped with brakes, shall be equipped with a means 
for providing that in the case of a breakaway of the trailer, the 
service brakes on the towing vehicle will be capable of stopping the 
towing vehicle. For air braked towing units, the tractor protection 
valve

[[Page 576]]

or similar device shall operate automatically when the air pressure on 
the towing vehicle is between 138 kPa and 310 kPa (20 psi and 45 psi).
    (b) Emergency brake requirements, air brakes. Every truck or truck 
tractor equipped with air brakes, when used for towing other vehicles 
equipped with air brakes, shall be equipped with two means of activating 
the emergency features of the trailer brakes. One of these means shall 
operate automatically in the event of reduction of the towing vehicle 
air supply to a fixed pressure which shall not be lower than 20 pounds 
per square inch nor higher than 45 pounds per square inch. The other 
means shall be a manually controlled device readily operable by a person 
seated in the driving seat. Its emergency position or method of 
operation shall be clearly indicated. In no instance may the manual 
means be so arranged as to permit its use to prevent operation of the 
automatic means. The automatic and manual means required by this section 
may be, but are not required to be, separate.
    (c) Emergency brake requirements, vacuum brakes. Every truck tractor 
and truck when used for towing other vehicles equipped with vacuum 
brakes, shall have, in addition to the single control required by Sec.  
393.49 to operate all brakes of the combination, a second manual control 
device which can be used to operate the brakes on the towed vehicles in 
emergencies. Such second control shall be independent of brake air, 
hydraulic, and other pressure, and independent of other controls, unless 
the braking system be so arranged that failure of the pressure on which 
the second control depends will cause the towed vehicle brakes to be 
applied automatically. The second control is not required by this rule 
to provide modulated or graduated braking.
    (d) Breakaway braking requirements for trailers. Every trailer 
required to be equipped with brakes shall have brakes which apply 
automatically and immediately upon breakaway from the towing vehicle. 
With the exception of trailers having three or more axles, all brakes 
with which the trailer is required to be equipped must be applied upon 
breakaway from the towing vehicle. The brakes must remain in the applied 
position for at least 15 minutes.
    (e) Emergency valves. Air brake systems installed on towed vehicles 
shall be so designed, by the use of ``no-bleed-back'' relay emergency 
valves or equivalent devices, that the supply reservoir used to provide 
air for brakes shall be safeguarded against backflow of air to the 
towing vehicle upon reduction of the towing vehicle air pressure.
    (f) Exception. The requirements of paragraphs (b), (c) and (d) of 
this section shall not be applicable to commercial motor vehicles being 
transported in driveaway-towaway operations.

[53 FR 49384, Dec. 7, 1988, as amended at 70 FR 48050, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.44  Front brake lines, protection.

    On every bus, if equipped with air brakes, the braking system shall 
be so constructed that in the event any brake line to any of the front 
wheels is broken, the driver can apply the brakes on the rear wheels 
despite such breakage. The means used to apply the brakes may be located 
forward of the driver's seat as long as it can be operated manually by 
the driver when the driver is properly restrained by any seat belt 
assembly provided for use. Every bus shall meet this requirement or 
comply with the regulations in effect at the time of its manufacture.

[53 FR 49400, Dec. 7, 1988]



Sec.  393.45  Brake tubing and hoses; hose assemblies and end fittings.

    (a) General construction requirements for tubing and hoses, 
assemblies, and end fittings. All brake tubing and hoses, brake hose 
assemblies, and brake hose end fittings must meet the applicable 
requirements of FMVSS No. 106 (49 CFR 571.106).
    (b) Brake tubing and hose installation. Brake tubing and hose must--
    (1) Be long and flexible enough to accommodate without damage all 
normal motions of the parts to which it is attached;
    (2) Be secured against chaffing, kinking, or other mechanical 
damage; and
    (3) Be installed in a manner that prevents it from contacting the 
vehicle's

[[Page 577]]

exhaust system or any other source of high temperatures.
    (c) Nonmetallic brake tubing. Coiled nonmetallic brake tubing may be 
used for connections between towed and towing motor vehicles or between 
the frame of a towed vehicle and the unsprung subframe of an adjustable 
axle of the motor vehicle if--
    (1) The coiled tubing has a straight segment (pigtail) at each end 
that is at least 51 mm (2 inches) in length and is encased in a spring 
guard or similar device which prevents the tubing from kinking at the 
fitting at which it is attached to the vehicle; and
    (2) The spring guard or similar device has at least 51 mm (2 inches) 
of closed coils or similar surface at its interface with the fitting and 
extends at least 38 mm (1\1/2\ inches) into the coiled segment of the 
tubing from its straight segment.
    (d) Brake tubing and hose connections. All connections for air, 
vacuum, or hydraulic braking systems shall be installed so as to ensure 
an attachment free of leaks, constrictions or other conditions which 
would adversely affect the performance of the brake system.

[70 FR 48050, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.46  [Reserved]



Sec.  393.47  Brake actuators, slack adjusters, linings/pads and
drums/rotors.

    (a) General requirements. Brake components must be constructed, 
installed and maintained to prevent excessive fading and grabbing. The 
means of attachment and physical characteristics must provide for safe 
and reliable stopping of the commercial motor vehicle.
    (b) Brake chambers. The service brake chambers and spring brake 
chambers on each end of an axle must be the same size.
    (c) Slack adjusters. The effective length of the slack adjuster on 
each end of an axle must be the same.
    (d) Linings and pads. The thickness of the brake linings or pads 
shall meet the applicable requirements of this paragraph--
    (1) Steering axle brakes. The brake lining/pad thickness on the 
steering axle of a truck, truck-tractor or bus shall not be less than 
4.8 mm (\3/16\ inch) at the shoe center for a shoe with a continuous 
strip of lining; less than 6.4 mm (\1/4\ inch) at the shoe center for a 
shoe with two pads; or worn to the wear indicator if the lining is so 
marked, for air drum brakes. The steering axle brake lining/pad 
thickness shall not be less than 3.2 mm (\1/8\ inch) for air disc 
brakes, or 1.6 mm (\1/16\ inch) or less for hydraulic disc, drum and 
electric brakes.
    (2) Non-steering axle brakes. An air braked commercial motor vehicle 
shall not be operated with brake lining/pad thickness less than 6.4 mm 
(\1/4\ inch) or to the wear indicator if the lining is so marked 
(measured at the shoe center for drum brakes); or less than 3.2 mm (\1/
8\ inch) for disc brakes. Hydraulic or electric braked commercial motor 
vehicles shall not be operated with a lining/pad thickness less than 1.6 
mm (\1/16\ inch) (measured at the shoe center) for disc or drum brakes.
    (e) Clamp, Bendix DD-3, bolt-type, and rotochamber brake actuator 
readjustment limits. (1) The pushrod stroke must not be greater than the 
values specified in the following tables:

                        Clamp-Type Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  Brake readjustment  Brake readjustment
   Type       Outside diameter     limit: standard    limit: long stroke
                                    stroke chamber          chamber
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.........  4 \1/2\ in. (114     1 \1/4\ in. (31.8
             mm).                 mm).
9.........  5 \1/4\ in. (133     1 \3/8\ in. (34.9
             mm).                 mm).
12........  5 \11/16\ in. (145   1 \3/8\ in. (34.9    1 \3/4\ in. (44.5
             mm).                 mm).                 mm).
16........  6 \3/8\ in. (162     1 \3/4\ in. (44.5    2 in. (50.8 mm).
             mm).                 mm).
20........  6 \25/32\ in. (172   1 \3/4\ in. (44.5    2 in. (50.8 mm).
             mm).                 mm).                2 \1/2\ in. (63.5
                                                       mm).\1\
24........  7 \7/32\ in. (184    1 \3/4\ in. (44.5    2 in. (50.8 mm).
             mm).                 mm).                2 \1/2\ in. (63.5
                                                       mm).\2\
30........  8 \3/32\ in. (206    2 in. (50.8 mm)....  2 \1/2\ in. (63.5
             mm).                                      mm).
36........  9 in. (229 mm).....  2\1/2\ in. (63.5
                                  mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ For type 20 chambers with a 3-inch (76 mm) rated stroke.
\2\ For type 24 chambers with a 3-inch (76 mm) rated stroke.


[[Page 578]]


                       Bendix DD-3 Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Type             Outside diameter        Brake readjustment limit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30...............  8 \1/8\ in. (206 mm)......  2 \1/4\ in. (57.2 mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                        Bolt-Type Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Type             Outside diameter        Brake readjustment limit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A................  6 \15/16\ in. (176 mm)....  1 \3/8\ in. (34.9 mm).
B................  9 \3/16\ in. (234 mm).....  1 \3/4\ in. (44.5 mm).
C................  8 \1/16\ in. (205 mm).....  1 \3/4\ in. (44.5 mm).
D................  5 \1/4\ in. (133 mm)......  1 \1/4\ in. (31.8 mm).
E................  6 \3/16\ in. (157 mm).....  1 \3/8\ in. (34.9 mm).
F................  11 in. (279 mm)...........  2 \1/4\ in. (57.2 mm).
G................  9 \7/8\ in. (251 mm)......  2 in. (50.8 mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                     Rotochamber-Type Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Type             Outside diameter        Brake readjustment limit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9................  4 \9/32\ in. (109 mm).....  1 \1/2\ in. (38.1 mm).
12...............  4 \13/16\ in. (122 mm)....  1 \1/2\ in. (38.1 mm).
16...............  5 \13/32\ in. (138 mm)....  2 in. (50.8 mm).
20...............  5 \15/16\ in. (151 mm)....  2 in. (50.8 mm).
24...............  6 \13/32\ in. (163 mm)....  2 in. (50.8 mm).
30...............  7 \1/16\ in. (180 mm).....  2 \1/4\ in. (57.2 mm).
36...............  7 \5/8\ in. (194 mm)......  2 \3/4\ in. (69.9 mm).
50...............  8 \7/8\ in. (226 mm)......  3 in. (76.2 mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) For actuator types not listed in these tables, the pushrod 
stroke must not be greater than 80 percent of the rated stroke marked on 
the actuator by the actuator manufacturer, or greater than the 
readjustment limit marked on the actuator by the actuator manufacturer.
    (f) Wedge brake adjustment. The movement of the scribe mark on the 
lining shall not exceed 1.6 mm (\1/16\ inch).
    (g) Drums and rotors. The thickness of the drums or rotors shall not 
be less than the limits established by the brake drum or rotor 
manufacturer.

[70 FR 48051, Aug. 15, 2005, as amended at 77 FR 46638, Aug. 6, 2012; 86 
FR 57076, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  393.48  Brakes to be operative.

    (a) General rule. Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) 
of this section, all brakes with which a motor vehicle is equipped must 
at all times be capable of operating.
    (b) Devices to reduce or remove front-wheel braking effort. A 
commercial motor vehicle may be equipped with a device to reduce the 
front wheel braking effort (or in the case of a three-axle truck or 
truck tractor manufactured before March 1, 1975, a device to remove the 
front-wheel braking effort) if that device meets the applicable 
requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.
    (1) Manually operated devices. Manually operated devices to reduce 
or remove front-wheel braking effort may only be used on buses, trucks, 
and truck tractors manufactured before March 1, 1975. Such devices must 
not be used unless the vehicle is being operated under adverse 
conditions such as wet, snowy, or icy roads.
    (2) Automatic devices. Automatic devices must not reduce the front-
wheel braking force by more than 50 percent of the braking force 
available when the automatic device is disconnected (regardless of 
whether or not an antilock system failure has occurred on any axle). The 
device must not be operable by the driver except upon application of the 
control that activates the braking system. The device must not be 
operable when the brake control application pressure exceeds 85 psig 
(for vehicles equipped with air brakes) or 85 percent of the maximum 
system pressure (for vehicles which are not equipped with air brakes).

[[Page 579]]

    (c) Exception. Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to--
    (1) A towed vehicle with disabling damage as defined in Sec.  390.5;
    (2) A vehicle which is towed in a driveaway-towaway operation and is 
included in the exemption to the requirement for brakes on all wheels, 
Sec.  393.42(b);
    (3) Unladen converter dollies with a gross weight of 1,361 kg (3,000 
lbs) or less, and manufactured prior to March 1, 1998;
    (4) The steering axle of a three-axle dolly which is steered by a 
co-driver;
    (5) Loaded house moving dollies, specialized trailers and dollies 
used to transport industrial furnaces, reactors, and similar motor 
vehicles provided the speed at which the combination of vehicles will be 
operated does not exceed 32 km/hour (20 mph) and brakes on the 
combination of vehicles are capable of stopping the combination within 
12.2 meters (40 feet) from the speed at which the vehicle is being 
operated or 32 km/hour (20 mph), whichever is less.
    (6) Raised lift axles. Brakes on lift axles need not be capable of 
being operated while the lift axle is raised. However, brakes on lift 
axles must be capable of being applied whenever the lift axle is lowered 
and the tires contact the roadway.
    (d) Surge brakes. (1) Surge brakes are allowed on:
    (i) Any trailer with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 12,000 
pounds or less, when its GVWR does not exceed 1.75 times the GVWR of the 
towing vehicle; and
    (ii) Any trailer with a GVWR greater than 12,000 pounds, but less 
than 20,001 pounds, when its GVWR does not exceed 1.25 times the GVWR of 
the towing vehicle.
    (2) The gross vehicle weight (GVW) of a trailer equipped with surge 
brakes may be used instead of its GVWR to calculate compliance with the 
weight ratios specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section when the 
trailer manufacturer's GVWR label is missing.
    (3) The GVW of a trailer equipped with surge brakes must be used to 
calculate compliance with the weight ratios specified in paragraph 
(d)(1) of this section when the trailer's GVW exceeds its GVWR.
    (4) The surge brakes must meet the requirements of Sec.  393.40.

[70 FR 48051, Aug. 15, 2005, as amended at 72 FR 9870, Mar. 6, 2007]



Sec.  393.49  Control valves for brakes.

    (a) General rule. Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of 
this section, every motor vehicle manufactured after June 30, 1953, 
which is equipped with power brakes, must have the braking system so 
arranged that one application valve must when activated cause all of the 
service brakes on the motor vehicle or combination motor vehicle to 
operate. This requirement must not be construed to prohibit motor 
vehicles from being equipped with an additional valve to be used to 
operate the brakes on a trailer or trailers or as required for buses in 
Sec.  393.44.
    (b) Driveaway-Towaway Exception. This section is not applicable to 
driveaway-towaway operations unless the brakes on such operations are 
designed to be operated by a single valve.
    (c) Surge brake exception. This requirement is not applicable to 
trailers equipped with surge brakes that satisfy the conditions 
specified in Sec.  393.48(d).

[72 FR 9871, Mar. 6, 2007, as amended at 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.50  Reservoirs required.

    (a) Reservoir capacity for air-braked power units manufactured on or 
after March 1, 1975, and air-braked trailers manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1975. Buses, trucks, and truck-tractors manufactured on or 
after March 1, 1975, and air-braked trailers manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1975, must meet the reservoir requirements of FMVSS No. 121, 
S5.1.2, in effect on the date of manufacture.
    (b) Reservoir capacity for air-braked vehicles not subject to FMVSS 
No. 121 on the date of manufacture and all vacuum braked vehicles. Each 
motor vehicle using air or vacuum braking must have either reserve 
capacity, or a reservoir, that would enable the driver to make a full 
service brake application with the engine stopped without depleting the 
air pressure or vacuum below 70 percent of that indicated by the air or 
vacuum gauge immediately before the

[[Page 580]]

brake application is made. For the purposes of this paragraph, a full 
service brake application means depressing the brake pedal or treadle 
valve to the limit of its travel.
    (c) Safeguarding of air and vacuum. Each service reservoir system on 
a motor vehicle shall be protected against a loss of air pressure or 
vacuum due to a failure or leakage in the system between the service 
reservoir and the source of air pressure or vacuum, by check valves or 
equivalent devices whose proper functioning can be checked without 
disconnecting any air or vacuum line, or fitting.
    (d) Drain valves for air braked vehicles. Each reservoir must have a 
condensate drain valve that can be manually operated. Automatic 
condensate drain valves may be used provided (1) they may be operated 
manually, or (2) a manual means of draining the reservoirs is retained.

[70 FR 48052, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.51  Warning signals, air pressure and vacuum gauges.

    (a) General Rule. Every bus, truck and truck tractor, except as 
provided in paragraph (f), must be equipped with a signal that provides 
a warning to the driver when a failure occurs in the vehicle's service 
brake system. The warning signal must meet the applicable requirements 
of paragraphs (b), (c), (d) or (e) of this section.
    (b) Hydraulic brakes. Vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 
1975, must meet the brake system indicator lamp requirements of FMVSS 
No. 571.105 (S5.3) applicable to the vehicle on the date of manufacture. 
Vehicles manufactured on or after July 1, 1973 but before September 1, 
1975, or to which FMVSS No. 571.105 was not applicable on the date of 
manufacture, must have a warning signal which operates before or upon 
application of the brakes in the event of a hydraulic-type complete 
failure of a partial system. The signal must be either visible within 
the driver's forward field of view or audible. The signal must be 
continuous. (NOTE: FMVSS No. 105 was applicable to trucks and buses from 
September 1, 1975 to October 12, 1976, and from September 1, 1983, to 
the present. FMVSS No. 105 was not applicable to trucks and buses 
manufactured between October 12, 1976, and September 1, 1983. Motor 
carriers have the option of equipping those vehicles to meet either the 
indicator lamp requirements of FMVSS No. 105, or the indicator lamp 
requirements specified in this paragraph for vehicles which were not 
subject to FMVSS No. 105 on the date of manufacture.)
    (c) Air brakes. A commercial motor vehicle (regardless of the date 
of manufacture) equipped with service brakes activated by compressed air 
(air brakes) or a commercial motor vehicle towing a vehicle with service 
brakes activated by compressed air (air brakes) must be equipped with a 
pressure gauge and a warning signal. Trucks, truck tractors, and buses 
manufactured on or after March 1, 1975, must, at a minimum, have a 
pressure gauge and a warning signal which meets the requirements of 
FMVSS No. 121 (S5.1.4 for the pressure gauge and S5.1.5 for the warning 
signal) applicable to the vehicle on the date of manufacture of the 
vehicle. Power units to which FMVSS No. 571.121 was not applicable on 
the date of manufacture of the vehicle must be equipped with--
    (1) A pressure gauge, visible to a person seated in the normal 
driving position, which indicates the air pressure (in kilopascals (kPa) 
or pounds per square inch (psi)) available for braking; and
    (2) A warning signal that is audible or visible to a person in the 
normal driving position and provides a continuous warning to the driver 
whenever the air pressure in the service reservoir system is at 379 kPa 
(55 psi) and below, or one-half of the compressor governor cutout 
pressure, whichever is less.
    (d) Vacuum brakes. A commercial motor vehicle (regardless of the 
date it was manufactured) having service brakes activated by vacuum or a 
vehicle towing a vehicle having service brakes activated by vacuum must 
be equipped with--
    (1) A vacuum gauge, visible to a person seated in the normal driving 
position, which indicates the vacuum (in millimeters or inches of 
mercury) available for braking; and
    (2) A warning signal that is audible or visible to a person in the 
normal

[[Page 581]]

driving position and provides a continuous warning to the driver 
whenever the vacuum in the vehicle's supply reservoir is less than 203 
mm (8 inches) of mercury.
    (e) Hydraulic brakes applied or assisted by air or vacuum. Each 
vehicle equipped with hydraulically activated service brakes which are 
applied or assisted by compressed air or vacuum, and to which FMVSS No. 
105 was not applicable on the date of manufacture, must be equipped with 
a warning signal that conforms to paragraph (b) of this section for the 
hydraulic portion of the system; paragraph (c) of this section for the 
air assist/air applied portion; or paragraph (d) of this section for the 
vacuum assist/vacuum applied portion. This paragraph shall not be 
construed as requiring air pressure gauges or vacuum gauges, only 
warning signals.
    (f) Exceptions. The rules in paragraphs (c), (d) and (e) of this 
section do not apply to property carrying commercial motor vehicles 
which have less than three axles and (1) were manufactured before July 
1, 1973, and (2) have a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating less 
than 4,536 kg (10,001 pounds).

[70 FR 48052, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.52  Brake performance.

    (a) Upon application of its service brakes, a motor vehicle or 
combination of motor vehicles must under any condition of loading in 
which it is found on a public highway, be capable of--
    (1) Developing a braking force at least equal to the percentage of 
its gross weight specified in the table in paragraph (d) of this 
section;
    (2) Decelerating to a stop from 20 miles per hour at not less than 
the rate specified in the table in paragraph (d) of this section; and
    (3) Stopping from 20 miles per hour in a distance, measured from the 
point at which movement of the service brake pedal or control begins, 
that is not greater than the distance specified in the table in 
paragraph (d) of this section; or, for motor vehicles or motor vehicle 
combinations that have a GVWR or GVW greater than 4,536 kg (10,000 
pounds),
    (4) Developing only the braking force specified in paragraph (a)(1) 
of this section and the stopping distance specified in paragraph (a)(3) 
of this section, if braking force is measured by a performance-based 
brake tester which meets the requirements of functional specifications 
for performance-based brake testers for commercial motor vehicles, where 
braking force is the sum of the braking force at each wheel of the 
vehicle or vehicle combination as a percentage of gross vehicle or 
combination weight.
    (b) Upon application of its emergency brake system and with no other 
brake system applied, a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles 
must, under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public 
highway, be capable of stopping from 20 miles per hour in a distance, 
measured from the point at which movement of the emergency brake control 
begins, that is not greater than the distance specified in the table in 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (c) Conformity to the stopping-distance requirements of paragraphs 
(a) and (b) of this section shall be determined under the following 
conditions:
    (1) Any test must be made with the vehicle on a hard surface that is 
substantially level, dry, smooth, and free of loose material.
    (2) The vehicle must be in the center of a 12-foot-wide lane when 
the test begins and must not deviate from that lane during the test.
    (d) Vehicle brake performance table:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Service brake systems                    Emergency brake
                                     ---------------------------------------------------------      systems
                                                                                              ------------------
                                       Braking force as                      Application and    Application and
        Type of motor vehicle          a percentage of    Deceleration in    braking distance   braking distance
                                       gross vehicle or   feet per second      in feet from       in feet from
                                         combination         per second      initial speed at   initial speed of
                                            weight                                20 mph             20 mph
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Passenger-carrying vehicles:
    (1) Vehicles with a seating                    65.2                 21                 20                 54
     capacity of 10 persons or less,
     including driver, and built on
     a passenger car chassis........

[[Page 582]]

 
    (2) Vehicles with a seating                    52.8                 17                 25                 66
     capacity of more than 10
     persons, including driver, and
     built on a passenger car
     chassis; vehicles built on a
     truck or bus chassis and having
     a manufacturer's GVWR of 10,000
     pounds or less.................
    (3) All other passenger-carrying               43.5                 14                 35                 85
     vehicles.......................
B. Property-carrying vehicles:
    (1) Single unit vehicles having                52.8                 17                 25                 66
     a manufacturer's GVWR of 10,000
     pounds or less.................
    (2) Single unit vehicles having                43.5                 14                 35                 85
     a manufacturer's GVWR of more
     than 10,000 pounds, except
     truck tractors. Combinations of
     a 2-axle towing vehicle and
     trailer having a GVWR of 3,000
     pounds or less. All
     combinations of 2 or less
     vehicles in drive-away or tow-
     away operation.................
    (3) All other property-carrying                43.5                 14                 40                90
     vehicles and combinations of
     property-carrying vehicles.....
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: (a) There is a definite mathematical relationship between the figures in columns 2 and 3. If the
  decelerations set forth in column 3 are divided by 32.2 feet per-second per-second, the figures in column 2
  will be obtained. (For example, 21 divided by 32.2 equals 65.2 percent.) Column 2 is included in the
  tabulation because certain brake testing devices utilize this factor.
(b) The decelerations specified in column 3 are an indication of the effectiveness of the basic brakes, and as
  measured in practical brake testing are the maximum decelerations attained at some time during the stop. These
  decelerations as measured in brake tests cannot be used to compute the values in column 4 because the
  deceleration is not sustained at the same rate over the entire period of the stop. The deceleration increases
  from zero to a maximum during a period of brake system application and brake-force buildup. Also, other
  factors may cause the deceleration to decrease after reaching a maximum. The added distance that results
  because maximum deceleration is not sustained is included in the figures in column 4 but is not indicated by
  the usual brake-testing devices for checking deceleration.
(c) The distances in column 4 and the decelerations in column 3 are not directly related. ``Brake-system
  application and braking distance in feet'' (column 4) is a definite measure of the overall effectiveness of
  the braking system, being the distance traveled between the point at which the driver starts to move the
  braking controls and the point at which the vehicle comes to rest. It includes distance traveled while the
  brakes are being applied and distance traveled while the brakes are retarding the vehicle.
(d) The distance traveled during the period of brake-system application and brake-force buildup varies with
  vehicle type, being negligible for many passenger cars and greatest for combinations of commercial vehicles.
  This fact accounts for the variation from 20 to 40 feet in the values in column 4 for the various classes of
  vehicles.
(e) The terms ``GVWR'' and ``GVW'' refer to the manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating and the actual gross
  vehicle weight, respectively.


[36 FR 20298, Oct. 20, 1971, as amended at 37 FR 5251, Mar. 11, 1972; 37 
FR 11336, June 7, 1972; 67 FR 51777, Aug. 9, 2002]



Sec.  393.53  Automatic brake adjusters and brake adjustment indicators.

    (a) Automatic brake adjusters (hydraulic brake systems). Each 
commercial motor vehicle manufactured on or after October 20, 1993, and 
equipped with a hydraulic brake system, shall meet the automatic brake 
adjustment system requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 
No. 105 (49 CFR 571.105, S5.1) applicable to the vehicle at the time it 
was manufactured.
    (b) Automatic brake adjusters (air brake systems). Each commercial 
motor vehicle manufactured on or after October 20, 1994, and equipped 
with an air brake system must meet the automatic brake adjustment system 
requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 121 (49 CFR 
571.121, S5.1.8 or S5.2.2) applicable to the vehicle at the time it was 
manufactured.
    (c) Brake adjustment indicator (air brake systems). On each 
commercial motor vehicle manufactured on or after October 20, 1994, and 
equipped with an

[[Page 583]]

air brake system which contains an external automatic adjustment 
mechanism and an exposed pushrod, the condition of service brake under-
adjustment must be displayed by a brake adjustment indicator conforming 
to the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 121 (49 
CFR 571.121, S5.1.8 or S5.2.2) applicable to the vehicle at the time it 
was manufactured.

[60 FR 46245, Sept. 6, 1995, as amended at 77 FR 46639, Aug. 6, 2012]



Sec.  393.55  Antilock brake systems.

    (a) Hydraulic brake systems. Each truck and bus manufactured on or 
after March 1, 1999 (except trucks and buses engaged in driveaway-
towaway operations), and equipped with a hydraulic brake system, shall 
be equipped with an antilock brake system that meets the requirements of 
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 105 (49 CFR 571.105, 
S5.5).
    (b) ABS malfunction indicators for hydraulic braked vehicles. Each 
hydraulic braked vehicle subject to the requirements of paragraph (a) of 
this section shall be equipped with an ABS malfunction indicator system 
that meets the requirements of FMVSS No. 105 (49 CFR 571.105, S5.3).
    (c) Air brake systems. (1) Each truck tractor manufactured on or 
after March 1, 1997 (except truck tractors engaged in driveaway-towaway 
operations), shall be equipped with an antilock brake system that meets 
the requirements of FMVSS No. 121 (49 CFR 571.121, S5.1.6.1(b)).
    (2) Each air braked commercial motor vehicle other than a truck 
tractor, manufactured on or after March 1, 1998 (except commercial motor 
vehicles engaged in driveaway-towaway operations), shall be equipped 
with an antilock brake system that meets the requirements of FMVSS No. 
121 (49 CFR 571.121, S5.1.6.1(a) for trucks and buses, S5.2.3 for 
semitrailers, converter dollies and full trailers).
    (d) ABS malfunction circuits and signals for air braked vehicles. 
(1) Each truck tractor manufactured on or after March 1, 1997, and each 
single-unit air braked vehicle manufactured on or after March 1, 1998, 
subject to the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section, shall be 
equipped with an electrical circuit that is capable of signaling a 
malfunction that affects the generation or transmission of response or 
control signals to the vehicle's antilock brake system (49 CFR 571.121, 
S5.1.6.2(a)).
    (2) Each truck tractor manufactured on or after March 1, 2001, and 
each single-unit vehicle that is equipped to tow another air-braked 
vehicle, subject to the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section, 
shall be equipped with an electrical circuit that is capable of 
transmitting a malfunction signal from the antilock brake system(s) on 
the towed vehicle(s) to the trailer ABS malfunction lamp in the cab of 
the towing vehicle, and shall have the means for connection of the 
electrical circuit to the towed vehicle. The ABS malfunction circuit and 
signal shall meet the requirements of FMVSS No. 121 (49 CFR 571.121, 
S5.1.6.2(b)).
    (3) Each semitrailer, trailer converter dolly, and full trailer 
manufactured on or after March 1, 2001, and subject to the requirements 
of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, shall be equipped with an 
electrical circuit that is capable of signaling a malfunction in the 
trailer's antilock brake system, and shall have the means for connection 
of this ABS malfunction circuit to the towing vehicle. In addition, each 
trailer manufactured on or after March 1, 2001, subject to the 
requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, that is designed to 
tow another air-brake equipped trailer shall be capable of transmitting 
a malfunction signal from the antilock brake system(s) of the trailer(s) 
it tows to the vehicle in front of the trailer. The ABS malfunction 
circuit and signal shall meet the requirements of FMVSS No. 121 (49 CFR 
571.121, S5.2.3.2).
    (e) Exterior ABS malfunction indicator lamps for trailers. Each 
trailer (including a trailer converter dolly) manufactured on or after 
March 1, 1998, and subject to the requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of 
this section, shall be equipped with an ABS malfunction indicator lamp 
which meets the requirements of FMVSS No. 121 (49 CFR 571.121, 
S5.2.3.3).

[63 FR 24465, May 4, 1998, as amended at 75 FR 57396, Sept. 21, 2010]

[[Page 584]]



                Subpart D_Glazing and Window Construction



Sec.  393.60  Glazing in specified openings.

    (a) Glazing material. Glazing material used in windshields, windows, 
and doors on a motor vehicle manufactured on or after December 25, 1968, 
shall at a minimum meet the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety 
Standard (FMVSS) No. 205 in effect on the date of manufacture of the 
motor vehicle. The glazing material shall be marked in accordance with 
FMVSS No. 205 (49 CFR 571.205, S6).
    (b) Windshields required. Each bus, truck and truck-tractor shall be 
equipped with a windshield. Each windshield or portion of a multi-piece 
windshield shall be mounted using the full periphery of the glazing 
material.
    (c) Windshield condition. With the exception of the conditions 
listed in paragraphs (c)(1), (c)(2), and (c)(3) of this section, each 
windshield shall be free of discoloration or damage in the area 
extending upward from the height of the top of the steering wheel 
(excluding a 51 mm (2 inch) border at the top of the windshield) and 
extending from a 25 mm (1 inch) border at each side of the windshield or 
windshield panel. Exceptions:
    (1) Coloring or tinting which meets the requirements of paragraph 
(d) of this section;
    (2) Any crack that is not intersected by any other cracks;
    (3) Any damaged area which can be covered by a disc 19 mm (\3/4\ 
inch) in diameter if not closer than 76 mm (3 inches) to any other 
similarly damaged area.
    (d) Coloring or tinting of windshields and windows. Coloring or 
tinting of windshields and the windows to the immediate right and left 
of the driver is allowed, provided the parallel luminous transmittance 
through the colored or tinted glazing is not less than 70 percent of the 
light at normal incidence in those portions of the windshield or windows 
which are marked as having a parallel luminous transmittance of not less 
than 70 percent. The transmittance restriction does not apply to other 
windows on the commercial motor vehicle.
    (e) Prohibition on obstructions to the driver's field of view--(1) 
Devices mounted on the interior of the windshield. (i) Antennas, and 
similar devices must not be mounted more than 152 mm (6 inches) below 
the upper edge of the windshield. These devices must be located outside 
the area swept by the windshield wipers, and outside the driver's sight 
lines to the road and highway signs and signals.
    (ii) Paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section does not apply to vehicle 
safety technologies, as defined in Sec.  393.5, that are mounted on the 
interior of a windshield. Devices with vehicle safety technologies must 
be mounted:
    (A) Not more than 216 mm (8.5 inches) below the upper edge of the 
area swept by the windshield wipers;
    (B) Not more than 175 mm (7 inches) above the lower edge of the area 
swept by the windshield wipers; and
    (C) Outside the driver's sight lines to the road and highway signs 
and signals.
    (2) Decals and stickers mounted on the windshield. Commercial 
Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA) inspection decals, and stickers and/or 
decals required under Federal or State laws may be placed at the bottom 
or sides of the windshield provided such decals or stickers do not 
extend more than 115 mm (4\1/2\ inches) from the bottom of the 
windshield and are located outside the area swept by the windshield 
wipers, and outside the driver's sight lines to the road and highway 
signs or signals.

[63 FR 1387, Jan. 9, 1998, as amended at 81 FR 65574, Sept. 23, 2016; 83 
FR 22878, May 17, 2018; 87 FR 12604, Mar. 7, 2022]



Sec.  393.61  Truck and truck tractor window construction.

    Each truck and truck tractor (except trucks engaged in armored car 
service) shall have at least one window on each side of the driver's 
compartment. Each window must have a minimum area of 1,290 cm\2\ (200 
in\2\) formed by a rectangle 33 cm by 45 cm (13 inches by 17\3/4\ 
inches). The maximum radius of the corner arcs shall not exceed 152 mm 
(6 inches). The long axis of the rectangle shall not make an angle of 
more than 45 degrees with the surface on which the unladen vehicle 
stands. If the cab is designed with a folding door or doors or with 
clear openings where doors or windows are customarily located, no

[[Page 585]]

windows shall be required in those locations.

[70 FR 48052, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.62  Emergency exits for buses.

    (a) Buses manufactured on or after September 1, 1994. Each bus with 
a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,000 pounds) or less must meet the emergency exit 
requirements of FMVSS No. 217 (S5.2.2.3) in effect on the date of 
manufacture. Each bus with a GVWR of more than 4,536 kg (10,000 pounds) 
must have emergency exits which meet the applicable emergency exit 
requirements of FMVSS No. 217 (S5.2.2 or S5.2.3) in effect on the date 
of manufacture.
    (b) Buses manufactured on or after September 1, 1973, but before 
September 1, 1994. (1) Each bus (including a school bus used in 
interstate commerce for non-school bus operations) with a GVWR of more 
than 4,536 kg (10,000 lbs) must meet the requirements of FMVSS No. 217, 
S5.2.2 in effect on the date of manufacture.
    (2) Each bus (including a school bus used in interstate commerce for 
non-school bus operations) with a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,000 lbs) or less 
must meet the requirements of FMVSS No. 217, S5.2.2.3 in effect on the 
date of manufacture.
    (c) Buses manufactured before September 1, 1973. For each seated 
passenger space provided, inclusive of the driver there shall be at 
least 432 cm\2\ (67 square inches) of glazing if such glazing is not 
contained in a push-out window; or, at least 432 cm\2\ (67 square 
inches) of free opening resulting from opening of a push-out type 
window. No area shall be included in this minimum prescribed area unless 
it will provide an unobstructed opening of at least 1,290 cm\2\ (200 
in\2\) formed by a rectangle 33 cm by 45 cm (13 inches by 17\3/4\ 
inches). The maximum radius of the corner arcs shall not exceed 152 mm 
(6 inches). The long axis of the rectangle shall not make an angle of 
more than 45 degrees with the surface on which the unladen vehicle 
stands. The area shall be measured either by removal of the glazing if 
not of the push-out type, or of the movable sash if of the push-out 
type. The exit must comply with paragraph (d) of this section. Each side 
of the bus must have at least 40 percent of emergency exit space 
required by this paragraph.
    (d) Laminated safety glass/push-out window requirements for buses 
manufactured before September 1, 1973. Emergency exit space used to 
satisfy the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section must have 
laminated safety glass or push-out windows designed and maintained to 
yield outward to provide a free opening.
    (1) Safety glass. Laminated safety glass must meet Test No. 25, 
Egress, of American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials for 
Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment Operating on Land 
Highways--Safety Standards ANSI/SAE Z26.1/96, August 1997. (See Sec.  
393.7 (b) for information on incorporation by reference and availability 
of this document.)
    (2) Push-out windows. Each push-out window shall be releasable by 
operating no more than two mechanisms and allow manual release of the 
exit by a single occupant. For mechanisms which require rotary or 
straight (parallel to the undisturbed exit surface) motions to operate 
the exit, no more than 89 Newtons (20 pounds) of force shall be required 
to release the exit. For exits which require a straight motion 
perpendicular to the undisturbed exit surface, no more than 267 Newtons 
(60 pounds) shall be required to release the exit.
    (e) Emergency exit identification. Each bus and each school bus used 
in interstate commerce for non-school bus operations, manufactured on or 
after September 1, 1973, shall meet the applicable emergency exit 
identification or marking requirements of FMVSS No. 217, S5.5, in effect 
on the date of manufacture. The emergency exits and doors on all buses 
(including school buses used in interstate commerce for non-school bus 
operations) must be marked ``Emergency Exit'' or ``Emergency Door'' 
followed by concise operating instructions describing each motion 
necessary to unlatch or open the exit located within 152 mm (6 inches) 
of the release mechanism.

[[Page 586]]

    (f) Exception for the transportation of prisoners. The requirements 
of this section do not apply to buses used exclusively for the 
transportation of prisoners.

[70 FR 48052, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.63  [Reserved]



                         Subpart E_Fuel Systems



Sec.  393.65  All fuel systems.

    (a) Application of the rules in this section. The rules in this 
section apply to systems for containing and supplying fuel for the 
operation of motor vehicles or for the operation of auxiliary equipment 
installed on, or used in connection with, motor vehicles.
    (b) Location. Each fuel system must be located on the motor vehicle 
so that--
    (1) No part of the system extends beyond the widest part of the 
vehicle;
    (2) No part of a fuel tank is forward of the front axle of a power 
unit;
    (3) Fuel spilled vertically from a fuel tank while it is being 
filled will not contact any part of the exhaust or electrical systems of 
the vehicle, except the fuel level indicator assembly;
    (4) Fill pipe openings are located outside the vehicle's passenger 
compartment and its cargo compartment;
    (5) A fuel line does not extend between a towed vehicle and the 
vehicle that is towing it while the combination of vehicles is in 
motion; and
    (6) No part of the fuel system of a bus manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1973, is located within or above the passenger compartment.
    (c) Fuel tank installation. Each fuel tank must be securely attached 
to the motor vehicle in a workmanlike manner.
    (d) Gravity or syphon feed prohibited. A fuel system must not supply 
fuel by gravity or syphon feed directly to the carburetor or injector.
    (e) Selection control valve location. If a fuel system includes a 
selection control valve which is operable by the driver to regulate the 
flow of fuel from two or more fuel tanks, the valve must be installed so 
that either--
    (1) The driver may operate it while watching the roadway and without 
leaving his/her driving position; or
    (2) The driver must stop the vehicle and leave his/her seat in order 
to operate the valve.
    (f) Fuel lines. A fuel line which is not completely enclosed in a 
protective housing must not extend more than 2 inches below the fuel 
tank or its sump. Diesel fuel crossover, return, and withdrawal lines 
which extend below the bottom of the tank or sump must be protected 
against damage from impact. Every fuel line must be--
    (1) Long enough and flexible enough to accommodate normal movements 
of the parts to which it is attached without incurring damage; and
    (2) Secured against chafing, kinking, or other causes of mechanical 
damage.
    (g) Excess flow valve. When pressure devices are used to force fuel 
from a fuel tank, a device which prevents the flow of fuel from the fuel 
tank if the fuel feed line is broken must be installed in the fuel 
system.

[36 FR 15445, Aug. 14, 1971, as amended at 37 FR 4341, Mar. 2, 1972; 37 
FR 28752, Dec. 29, 1972]



Sec.  393.67  Liquid fuel tanks.

    (a) Application of the rules in this section. The rules in this 
section apply to tanks containing or supplying fuel for the operation of 
commercial motor vehicles or for the operation of auxiliary equipment 
installed on, or used in connection with commercial motor vehicles.
    (1) A liquid fuel tank manufactured on or after January 1, 1973, and 
a side-mounted gasoline tank must conform to all rules in this section.
    (2) A diesel fuel tank manufactured before January 1, 1973, and 
mounted on a bus must conform to the rules in paragraphs (c)(7)(ii) and 
(d)(2) of this section.
    (3) A diesel fuel tank manufactured before January 1, 1973, and 
mounted on a vehicle other than a bus must conform to the rules in 
paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of this section.
    (4) A gasoline tank, other than a side-mounted gasoline tank, 
manufactured before January 1, 1973, and mounted on a bus must conform 
to the rules in paragraphs (c) (1) through (10) and (d)(2) of this 
section.

[[Page 587]]

    (5) A gasoline tank, other than a side-mounted gasoline tank, 
manufactured before January 1, 1973, and mounted on a vehicle other than 
a bus must conform to the rules in paragraphs (c) (1) through (10), 
inclusive, of this section.
    (6) Private motor carrier of passengers. Motor carriers engaged in 
the private transportation of passengers may continue to operate a 
commercial motor vehicle which was not subject to this section or 49 CFR 
571.301 at the time of its manufacture, provided the fuel tank of such 
vehicle is maintained to the original manufacturer's standards.
    (7) Motor vehicles that meet the fuel system integrity requirements 
of 49 CFR 571.301 are exempt from the requirements of this subpart, as 
they apply to the vehicle's fueling system.
    (b) Definitions. As used in this section--
    (1) The term liquid fuel tank means a fuel tank designed to contain 
a fuel that is liquid at normal atmospheric pressures and temperatures.
    (2) A side-mounted fuel tank is a liquid fuel tank which--
    (i) If mounted on a truck tractor, extends outboard of the vehicle 
frame and outside of the plan view outline of the cab; or
    (ii) If mounted on a truck, extends outboard of a line parallel to 
the longitudinal centerline of the truck and tangent to the outboard 
side of a front tire in a straight ahead position. In determining 
whether a fuel tank on a truck or truck tractor is side-mounted, the 
fill pipe is not considered a part of the tank.
    (c) Construction of liquid fuel tanks--(1) Joints. Joints of a fuel 
tank body must be closed by arc-, gas-, seam-, or spot-welding, by 
brazing, by silver soldering, or by techniques which provide heat 
resistance and mechanical securement at least equal to those 
specifically named. Joints must not be closed solely by crimping or by 
soldering with a lead-based or other soft solder.
    (2) Fittings. The fuel tank body must have flanges or spuds suitable 
for the installation of all fittings.
    (3) Threads. The threads of all fittings must be Dryseal American 
Standard Taper Pipe Thread or Dryseal SAE Short Taper Pipe Thread, 
specified in Society of Automotive Engineers Standard J476, as contained 
in the 1971 edition of the ``SAE Handbook,'' except that straight 
(nontapered) threads may be used on fittings having integral flanges and 
using gaskets for sealing. At least four full threads must be in 
engagement in each fitting.
    (4) Drains and bottom fittings. (i) Drains or other bottom fittings 
must not extend more than three-fourths of an inch below the lowest part 
of the fuel tank or sump.
    (ii) Drains or other bottom fittings must be protected against 
damage from impact.
    (iii) If a fuel tank has drains the drain fittings must permit 
substantially complete drainage of the tank.
    (iv) Drains or other bottom fittings must be installed in a flange 
or spud designed to accommodate it.
    (5) Fuel withdrawal fittings. Except for diesel fuel tanks, the 
fittings through which fuel is withdrawn from a fuel tank must be 
located above the normal level of fuel in the tank when the tank is 
full.
    (6) [Reserved]
    (7) Fill pipe. (i) Each fill pipe must be designed and constructed 
to minimize the risk of fuel spillage during fueling operations and when 
the vehicle is involved in a crash.
    (ii) For diesel-fueled vehicles, the fill pipe and vents of a fuel 
tank having a capacity of more than 94.75 L (25 gallons) of fuel must 
permit filling the tank with fuel at a rate of at least 75.8 L/m (20 
gallons per minute) without fuel spillage.
    (iii) For gasoline- and methanol-fueled vehicles with a GVWR of 
3,744 kg (8,500 pounds) or less, the vehicle must permit filling the 
tank with fuel dispensed at the applicable fill rate required by the 
regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency under 40 CFR 80.22.
    (iv) For gasoline- and methanol-fueled vehicles with a GVWR of 
14,000 pounds (6,400 kg) or less, the vehicle must comply with the 
applicable fuel-spitback prevention and onboard refueling vapor recovery 
regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency under 40 CFR part 86.

[[Page 588]]

    (v) Each fill pipe must be fitted with a cap that can be fastened 
securely over the opening in the fill pipe. Screw threads or a bayonet-
type point are methods of conforming to the requirements of paragraph 
(c) of this section.
    (8) Safety venting system. A liquid fuel tank with a capacity of 
more than 25 gallons of fuel must have a venting system which, in the 
event the tank is subjected to fire, will prevent internal tank pressure 
from rupturing the tank's body, seams, or bottom opening (if any).
    (9) Pressure resistance. The body and fittings of a liquid fuel tank 
with a capacity of more than 25 gallons of fuel must be capable of 
withstanding an internal hydrostatic pressure equal to 150 percent of 
the maximum internal pressure reached in the tank during the safety 
venting system test specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
    (10) Air vent. Each fuel tank must be equipped with a nonspill air 
vent (such as a ball check). The air vent may be combined with the fill-
pipe cap or safety vent, or it may be a separate unit installed on the 
fuel tank.
    (11) Markings. If the body of a fuel tank is readily visible when 
the tank is installed on the vehicle, the tank must be plainly marked 
with its liquid capacity. The tank must also be plainly marked with a 
warning against filling it to more than 95 percent of its liquid 
capacity.
    (12) Overfill restriction. A liquid fuel tank manufactured on or 
after January 1, 1973, must be designed and constructed so that--
    (i) The tank cannot be filled, in a normal filling operation, with a 
quantity of fuel that exceeds 95 percent of the tank's liquid capacity; 
and
    (ii) When the tank is filled, normal expansion of the fuel will not 
cause fuel spillage.
    (d) Liquid fuel tank tests. Each liquid fuel tank must be capable of 
passing the tests specified in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this 
section. The specified tests are a measure of performance only. 
Alternative procedures which assure that equipment meets the required 
performance standards may be used. .
    (1) Safety venting system test--(i) Procedure. Fill the tank three-
fourths full with fuel, seal the fuel feed outlet, and invert the tank. 
When the fuel temperature is between 50 [deg]F. and 80 [deg]F., apply an 
enveloping flame to the tank so that the temperature of the fuel rises 
at a rate of not less than 6 [deg]F. and not more than 8 [deg]F. per 
minute.
    (ii) Required performance. The safety venting system required by 
paragraph (c)(8) of this section must activate before the internal 
pressure in the tank exceeds 50 pounds per square inch, gauge, and the 
internal pressure must not thereafter exceed the pressure at which the 
system activated by more than five pounds per square inch despite any 
further increase in the temperature of the fuel.
    (2) Leakage test--(i) Procedure. Fill the tank to capacity with fuel 
having a temperature between 50 [deg]F. and 80 [deg]F. With the fill-
pipe cap installed, turn the tank through an angle of 150[deg] in any 
direction about any axis from its normal position.
    (ii) Required performance. Neither the tank nor any fitting may leak 
more than a total of one ounce by weight of fuel per minute in any 
position the tank assumes during the test.
    (e) Side-mounted liquid fuel tank tests. Each side-mounted liquid 
fuel tank must be capable of passing the tests specified in paragraphs 
(e)(1) and (2) of this section and the test specified in paragraphs 
(d)(1) and (2) of this section. The specified tests are a measure of 
performance only. Alternative procedures which assure that equipment 
meets the required performance criteria may be used.
    (1) Drop test--(i) Procedure. Fill the tank with a quantity of water 
having a weight equal to the weight of the maximum fuel load of the tank 
and drop the tank 30 feet onto an unyielding surface so that it lands 
squarely on one corner.
    (ii) Required performance. Neither the tank nor any fitting may leak 
more than a total of 1 ounce by weight of water per minute.
    (2) Fill-pipe test--(i) Procedure. Fill the tank with a quantity of 
water having a weight equal to the weight of the maximum fuel load of 
the tank and drop the tank 10 feet onto an unyielding surface so that it 
lands squarely on its fill-pipe.

[[Page 589]]

    (ii) Required performance. Neither the tank nor any fitting may leak 
more than a total of 1 ounce by weight of water per minute.
    (f) Certification and markings. Each liquid fuel tank shall be 
legibly and permanently marked by the manufacturer with the following 
minimum information:
    (1) The month and year of manufacture,
    (2) The manufacturer's name on tanks manufactured on and after July 
1, 1989, and means of identifying the facility at which the tank was 
manufactured, and
    (3) A certificate that it conforms to the rules in this section 
applicable to the tank. The certificate must be in the form set forth in 
either of the following:
    (i) If a tank conforms to all rules in this section pertaining to 
side-mounted fuel tanks: ``Meets all FMCSA side-mounted tank 
requirements.''
    (ii) If a tank conforms to all rules in this section pertaining to 
tanks which are not side-mounted fuel tanks: ``Meets all FMCSA 
requirements for non-side-mounted fuel tanks.''
    (iii) The form of certificate specified in paragraph (f)(3) (i) or 
(ii) of this section may be used on a liquid fuel tank manufactured 
before July 11, 1973, but it is not mandatory for liquid fuel tanks 
manufactured before March 7, 1989. The form of certification 
manufactured on or before March 7, 1989, must meet the requirements in 
effect at the time of manufacture.
    (4) Exception. The following previously exempted vehicles are not 
required to carry the certification and marking specified in paragraphs 
(f)(1) through (3) of this section:
    (i) Ford vehicles with GVWR over 10,000 pounds identified as 
follows: The vehicle identification numbers (VINs) contain A, K, L, M, 
N, W, or X in the fourth position.
    (ii) GM G-Vans (Chevrolet Express and GMC Savanna) and full-sized C/
K trucks (Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra) with GVWR over 10,000 
pounds identified as follows: The VINs contain either a ``J'' or a ``K'' 
in the fourth position. In addition, the seventh position of the VINs on 
the G-Van will contain a ``1.''

[36 FR 15445, Aug. 14, 1971, as amended at 37 FR 4341, Mar. 2, 1972; 37 
FR 28753, Dec. 29, 1972; 45 FR 46424, July 10, 1980; 53 FR 49400, Dec. 
7, 1988; 59 FR 8753, Feb. 23, 1994; 69 FR 31305, June 3, 2004; 70 FR 
48053, Aug. 15, 2005; 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.68  Compressed natural gas fuel containers.

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to compressed 
natural gas (CNG) fuel containers used for supplying fuel for the 
operation of commercial motor vehicles or for the operation of auxiliary 
equipment installed on, or used in connection with commercial motor 
vehicles.
    (b) CNG containers manufactured on or after March 26, 1995. Any 
motor vehicle manufactured on or after March 26, 1995, and equipped with 
a CNG fuel tank must meet the CNG container requirements of FMVSS No. 
304 (49 CFR 571.304) in effect at the time of manufacture of the 
vehicle.
    (c) Labeling. Each CNG fuel container shall be permanently labeled 
in accordance with the requirements of FMVSS No. 304, S7.4.

[70 FR 48053, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.69  Liquefied petroleum gas systems.

    (a) A fuel system that uses liquefied petroleum gas as a fuel for 
the operation of a motor vehicle or for the operation of auxiliary 
equipment installed on, or used in connection with, a motor vehicle must 
conform to the ``Standards for the Storage and Handling of Liquefied 
Petroleum Gases'' of the National Fire Protection Association, Battery 
March Park, Quincy, MA 02269, as follows:
    (1) A fuel system installed before December 31, 1962, must conform 
to the 1951 edition of the Standards.
    (2) A fuel system installed on or after December 31, 1962, and 
before January 1, 1973, must conform to Division IV of the June 1959 
edition of the Standards.
    (3) A fuel system installed on or after January 1, 1973, and 
providing fuel for propulsion of the motor vehicle must conform to 
Division IV of the 1969 edition of the Standards.

[[Page 590]]

    (4) A fuel system installed on or after January 1, 1973, and 
providing fuel for the operation of auxiliary equipment must conform to 
Division VII of the 1969 edition of the Standards.
    (b) When the rules in this section require a fuel system to conform 
to a specific edition of the Standards, the fuel system may conform to 
the applicable provisions in a later edition of the Standards specified 
in this section.
    (c) The tank of a fuel system must be marked to indicate that the 
system conforms to the Standards.

[36 FR 15445, Aug. 14, 1971, as amended at 37 FR 4342, Mar. 2, 1972; 41 
FR 53031, Dec. 3, 1976; 53 FR 49400, Dec. 7, 1988]



              Subpart F_Coupling Devices and Towing Methods



Sec.  393.70  Coupling devices and towing methods, except for 
driveaway-towaway operations.

    (a) Tracking. When two or more vehicles are operated in combination, 
the coupling devices connecting the vehicles shall be designed, 
constructed, and installed, and the vehicles shall be designed and 
constructed, so that when the combination is operated in a straight line 
on a level, smooth, paved surface, the path of the towed vehicle will 
not deviate more than 3 inches to either side of the path of the vehicle 
that tows it.
    (b) Fifth wheel assemblies--(1) Mounting--(i) Lower half. The lower 
half of a fifth wheel mounted on a truck tractor or converter dolly must 
be secured to the frame of that vehicle with properly designed brackets, 
mounting plates or angles and properly tightened bolts of adequate size 
and grade, or devices that provide equivalent security. The installation 
shall not cause cracking, warping, or deformation of the frame. The 
installation must include a device for positively preventing the lower 
half of the fifth wheel from shifting on the frame to which it is 
attached.
    (ii) Upper half. The upper half of a fifth wheel must be fastened to 
the motor vehicle with at least the same security required for the 
installation of the lower half on a truck tractor or converter dolly.
    (2) Locking. Every fifth wheel assembly must have a locking 
mechanism. The locking mechanism, and any adapter used in conjunction 
with it, must prevent separation of the upper and lower halves of the 
fifth wheel assembly unless a positive manual release is activated. The 
release may be located so that the driver can operate it from the cab. 
If a motor vehicle has a fifth wheel designed and constructed to be 
readily separable, the fifth wheel locking devices shall apply 
automatically on coupling.
    (3) Location. The lower half of a fifth wheel shall be located so 
that, regardless of the condition of loading, the relationship between 
the kingpin and the rear axle or axles of the towing motor vehicle will 
properly distribute the gross weight of both the towed and towing 
vehicles on the axles of those vehicles, will not unduly interfere with 
the steering, braking, and other maneuvering of the towing vehicle, and 
will not otherwise contribute to unsafe operation of the vehicles 
comprising the combination. The upper half of a fifth wheel shall be 
located so that the weight of the vehicles is properly distributed on 
their axles and the combination of vehicles will operate safely during 
normal operation.
    (c) Towing of full trailers. A full trailer must be equipped with a 
tow-bar and a means of attaching the tow-bar to the towing and towed 
vehicles. The tow-bar and the means of attaching it must--
    (1) Be structurally adequate for the weight being drawn;
    (2) Be properly and securely mounted;
    (3) Provide for adequate articulation at the connection without 
excessive slack at that location; and
    (4) Be provided with a locking device that prevents accidental 
separation of the towed and towing vehicles. The mounting of the trailer 
hitch (pintle hook or equivalent mechanism) on the towing vehicle must 
include reinforcement or bracing of the frame sufficient to produce 
strength and rigidity of the frame to prevent its undue distortion.
    (d) Safety devices in case of tow-bar failure or disconnection. 
Every full trailer and every converter dolly used to convert a 
semitrailer to a full trailer

[[Page 591]]

must be coupled to the frame, or an extension of the frame, of the motor 
vehicle which tows it with one or more safety devices to prevent the 
towed vehicle from breaking loose in the event the tow-bar fails or 
becomes disconnected. The safety device must meet the following 
requirements:
    (1) The safety device must not be attached to the pintle hook or any 
other device on the towing vehicle to which the tow-bar is attached. 
However, if the pintle hook or other device was manufactured prior to 
July 1, 1973, the safety device may be attached to the towing vehicle at 
a place on a pintle hook forging or casting if that place is independent 
of the pintle hook.
    (2) The safety device must have no more slack than is necessary to 
permit the vehicles to be turned properly.
    (3) The safety device, and the means of attaching it to the 
vehicles, must have an ultimate strength of not less than the gross 
weight of the vehicle or vehicles being towed.
    (4) The safety device must be connected to the towed and towing 
vehicles and to the tow-bar in a manner which prevents the tow-bar from 
dropping to the ground in the event it fails or becomes disconnected.
    (5) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(6) of this section, if the 
safety device consists of safety chains or cables, the towed vehicle 
must be equipped with either two safety chains or cables or with a 
bridle arrangement of a single chain or cable attached to its frame or 
axle at two points as far apart as the configuration of the frame or 
axle permits. The safety chains or cables shall be either two separate 
pieces, each equipped with a hook or other means for attachment to the 
towing vehicle, or a single piece leading along each side of the tow-bar 
from the two points of attachment on the towed vehicle and arranged into 
a bridle with a single means of attachment to be connected to the towing 
vehicle. When a single length of cable is used, a thimble and twin-base 
cable clamps shall be used to form the forward bridle eye. The hook or 
other means of attachment to the towing vehicle shall be secured to the 
chains or cables in a fixed position.
    (6) If the towed vehicle is a converter dolly with a solid tongue 
and without a hinged tow-bar or other swivel between the fifth wheel 
mounting and the attachment point of the tongue eye or other hitch 
device--
    (i) Safety chains or cables, when used as the safety device for that 
vehicle, may consist of either two chains or cables or a single chain or 
cable used alone;
    (ii) A single safety device, including a single chain or cable used 
alone as the safety device, must be in line with the centerline of the 
trailer tongue; and
    (iii) The device may be attached to the converter dolly at any point 
to the rear of the attachment point of the tongue eye or other hitch 
device.
    (7) Safety devices other than safety chains or cables must provide 
strength, security of attachment, and directional stability equal to, or 
greater than, safety chains or cables installed in accordance with 
paragraphs (d) (5) and (6) of this section.
    (8)(i) When two safety devices, including two safety chains or 
cables, are used and are attached to the towing vehicle at separate 
points, the points of attachment on the towing vehicle shall be located 
equally distant from, and on opposite sides of, the longitudinal 
centerline of the towing vehicle.
    (ii) Where two chains or cables are attached to the same point on 
the towing vehicle, and where a bridle or a single chain or cable is 
used, the point of attachment must be on the longitudinal centerline or 
within 152 mm (6 inches) to the right of the longitudinal centerline of 
the towing vehicle.
    (iii) A single safety device, other than a chain or cable, must also 
be attached to the towing vehicle at a point on the longitudinal 
centerline or within 152 mm (6 inches) to the right of the longitudinal 
centerline of the towing vehicle.

[37 FR 21439, Oct. 11, 1972, as amended at 70 FR 48053, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.71  Coupling devices and towing methods, driveaway-towaway
operations.

    (a) Number in combination. (1) No more than three saddle-mounts may 
be used in any combination.

[[Page 592]]

    (2) No more than one tow-bar or ball-and-socket type coupling device 
may be used in any combination.
    (3) When motor vehicles are towed by means of triple saddle-mounts, 
all but the final towed vehicle must have brakes acting on all wheels in 
contact with the roadway.
    (b) Carrying vehicles on towing vehicle. (1) When adequately and 
securely attached by means equivalent in security to that provided in 
paragraph (j)(2) of this section, a motor vehicle or motor vehicles may 
be full-mounted on the structure of a towing vehicle engaged in any 
driveaway-towaway operation.
    (2) No motor vehicle or motor vehicles may be full-mounted on a 
towing vehicle unless the relationship of such full-mounted vehicles to 
the rear axle or axles results in proper distribution of the total gross 
weight of the vehicles and does not unduly interfere with the steering, 
braking, or maneuvering of the towing vehicle, or otherwise contribute 
to the unsafe operation of the vehicles comprising the combination.
    (3) Saddle-mounted vehicles must be arranged such that the gross 
weight of the vehicles is properly distributed to prevent undue 
interference with the steering, braking, or maneuvering of the 
combination of vehicles.
    (c) Carrying vehicles on towed vehicles. (1) When adequately and 
securely attached by means equivalent in security to that provided in 
paragraph (j)(2) of this section, a motor vehicle or motor vehicles may 
be full-mounted on the structure of towed vehicles engaged in any 
driveaway-towaway operation.
    (2) No motor vehicle shall be full-mounted on a motor vehicle towed 
by means of a tow-bar unless the towed vehicle is equipped with brakes 
and is provided with means for effective application of brakes acting on 
all wheels and is towed on its own wheels.
    (3) No motor vehicle or motor vehicles shall be full-mounted on a 
motor vehicle towed by means of a saddle-mount unless the center line of 
the kingpin or equivalent means of attachment of such towed vehicle 
shall be so located on the towing vehicle that the relationship to the 
rear axle or axles results in proper distribution of the total gross 
weight of the vehicles and does not unduly interfere with the steering, 
braking, or maneuvering of the towing vehicle or otherwise contribute to 
the unsafe operation of vehicles comprising the combination; and unless 
a perpendicular to the ground from the center of gravity of the full-
mounted vehicles lies forward of the center line of the rear axle of the 
saddle-mounted vehicle.
    (4) If a motor vehicle towed by means of a saddle-mount has any 
vehicle full-mounted on it, the saddle-mounted vehicle must at all times 
while so loaded have effective brakes acting on all wheels in contact 
with the roadway.
    (d) Bumper tow-bars on heavy vehicles prohibited. Tow-bars of the 
type which depend upon the bumpers as a means of transmitting forces 
between the vehicles shall not be used to tow a motor vehicle weighing 
more than 5,000 pounds.
    (e) Front wheels of saddle-mounted vehicles restrained. A motor 
vehicle towed by means of a saddle-mount shall have the motion of the 
front wheels restrained if under any condition of turning of such wheels 
they will project beyond the widest part of either the towed or towing 
vehicle.
    (f) Vehicles to be towed in forward position. Unless the steering 
mechanism is adequately locked in a straight-forward position, all motor 
vehicles towed by means of a saddle-mount shall be towed with the front 
end mounted on the towing vehicle.
    (g) Means required for towing. No motor vehicles or combination of 
motor vehicles shall be towed in driveaway-towaway operations by means 
other than a tow-bar, ball-and-socket type coupling device, saddle-mount 
connections which meet the requirements of this section, or in the case 
of a semi-trailer equipped with an upper coupler assembly, a fifth-wheel 
meeting the requirements of Sec.  393.70.
    (h) Requirements for tow-bars. Tow-bars shall comply with the 
following requirements:
    (1) Tow-bars, structural adequacy and mounting. Every tow-bar shall 
be structurally adequate and properly installed and maintained. To 
ensure that it is structurally adequate, it must, at least, meet the 
requirements of the following table:

[[Page 593]]



------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    Longitudinal strength in tension and
                                               compression \2\
                                   -------------------------------------
                                                 New tow-
                                                   bars      Strength as
   Gross weight of towed vehicle                 acquired    a beam (in
           (pounds) \1\                          and used        any
                                     All tow-   by a motor    direction
                                       bars       carrier   concentrated
                                                   after       load at
                                                 Sept. 30,   center) \2
                                                   1948          3\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   Pounds
 
                                   -------------------------------------
Less than 5,000...................       3,000       6,500        3,000
5,000 and over....................  ..........  ..........  ............
Less than 10,000..................       6,000       (\1\)        (\1\)
10,000 and over...................  ..........  ..........  ............
Less than 15,000..................       9,000       (\1\)        (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The required strength of tow-bars for towed vehicles of 15,000
  pounds and over gross weight and of new tow-bars acquired and used
  after Sept. 30, 1948, for towed vehicles of 5,000 pounds and over
  gross weight shall be computed by means of the following formulae:
  Longitudinal strength = gross weight of towed vehicle x 1.3. Strength
  as a beam = gross weight of towed vehicle x 0.6.
\2\ In testing, the whole unit shall be tested with all clamps, joints,
  and pins so mounted and fastened as to approximate conditions of
  actual operation.
\3\ This test shall be applicable only to tow-bars which are, in normal
  operation, subjected to a bending movement such as tow-bars for house
  trailers.

    (2) Tow-bars, jointed. The tow-bar shall be so constructed as to 
freely permit motion in both horizontal and vertical planes between the 
towed and towing vehicles. The means used to provide the motion shall be 
such as to prohibit the transmission of stresses under normal operation 
between the towed and towing vehicles, except along the longitudinal 
axis of the tongue or tongues.
    (3) Tow-bar fastenings. The means used to transmit the stresses to 
the chassis or frames of the towed and towing vehicles may be either 
temporary structures or bumpers or other integral parts of the vehicles: 
Provided, however, That the means used shall be so constructed, 
installed, and maintained that when tested as an assembly, failure in 
such members shall not occur when the weakest new tow-bar which is 
permissible under paragraph (h)(1) of this section is subjected to the 
tests given therein.
    (4) Means of adjusting length. On tow-bars, adjustable as to length, 
the means used to make such adjustment shall fit tightly and not result 
in any slackness or permit the tow-bar to bend. With the tow-bar 
supported rigidly at both ends and with a load of 50 pounds at the 
center, the sag, measured at the center, in any direction shall not 
exceed 0.25 inch under any condition of adjustment as to length.
    (5) Method of clamping. Adequate means shall be provided for 
securely fastening the tow-bar to the towed and towing vehicles.
    (6) Tow-bar connection to steering mechanism. The tow-bar shall be 
provided with suitable means of attachment to and actuation of the 
steering mechanism, if any, of the towed vehicle. The attachment shall 
provide for sufficient angularity of movement of the front wheels of the 
towed vehicle so that it may follow substantially in the path of the 
towing vehicle without cramping the tow-bar. The tow-bar shall be 
provided with suitable joints to permit such movement.
    (7) Tracking. The tow-bar shall be so designed, constructed, 
maintained, and mounted as to cause the towed vehicle to follow 
substantially in the path of the towing vehicle. Tow-bars of such design 
or in such condition as to permit the towed vehicle to deviate more than 
3 inches to either side of the path of a towing vehicle moving in a 
straight line as measured from the center of the towing vehicle are 
prohibited.
    (8) Passenger car-trailer type couplings. Trailer couplings used for 
driveaway-towaway operations of passenger car trailers shall conform to 
Society of Automotive Engineers Standard No. J684c, ``Trailer Couplings 
and Hitches--Automotive Type,'' July 1970. \1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ See footnote 1 to Sec.  393.24(c).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (9) Marking tow-bars. Every tow-bar acquired and used in driveaway-
towaway operations by a motor carrier shall be plainly marked with the 
following certification of the manufacturer thereof (or words of 
equivalent meaning):

    This tow-bar complies with the requirements of the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration for (maximum gross weight for which tow-
bar is manufactured) vehicles.
Allowable Maximum Gross Weight__________________________________________
Manufactured____________________________________________________________
 (month and year)
by______________________________________________________________________
 (name of manufacturer)


[[Page 594]]



Tow-bar certification manufactured before the effective date of this 
regulation must meet requirements in effect at the time of manufacture.
    (10) Safety devices in case of tow-bar failure or disconnection. (i) 
The towed vehicle shall be connected to the towing vehicle by a safety 
device to prevent the towed vehicle from breaking loose in the event the 
tow-bar fails or becomes disconnected. When safety chains or cables are 
used as the safety device for that vehicle, at least two safety chains 
or cables meeting the requirements of paragraph (h)(10)(ii) of this 
section shall be used. The tensile strength of the safety device and the 
means of attachment to the vehicles shall be at least equivalent to the 
corresponding longitudinal strength for tow-bars required in the table 
of paragraph (h)(1) of this section. If safety chains or cables are used 
as the safety device, the required strength shall be the combined 
strength of the combination of chains and cables.
    (ii) If chains or cables are used as the safety device, they shall 
be crossed and attached to the vehicles near the points of bumper 
attachments to the chassis of the vehicles. The length of chain used 
shall be no more than necessary to permit free turning of the vehicles. 
The chains shall be attached to the tow-bar at the point of crossing or 
as close to that point as is practicable.
    (iii) A safety device other than safety chains or cables must 
provide strength, security of attachment, and directional stability 
equal to, or greater than, that provided by safety chains or cables 
installed in accordance with paragraph (h)(10)(ii) of this section. A 
safety device other than safety chains or cables must be designed, 
constructed, and installed so that, if the tow-bar fails or becomes 
disconnected, the tow-bar will not drop to the ground.
    (i) [Reserved]
    (j) Requirements for upper-half of saddle-mounts. The upper-half of 
any saddle-mount shall comply with the following requirements:
    (1) Upper-half connection to towed vehicle. The upper-half shall be 
securely attached to the frame or axle of the towed vehicle by means of 
U-bolts or other means providing at least equivalent security.
    (2) U-bolts or other attachments. U-bolts used to attach the upper 
half to the towed vehicle shall be made of steel rod, free of defects, 
so shaped as to avoid at any point a radius of less than 1 inch: 
Provided, however, That a lesser radius may be utilized if the U-bolt is 
so fabricated as not to cause more than 5 percent reduction in cross-
sectional area at points of curvature, in which latter event the minimum 
radius shall be one-sixteenth inch. U-bolts shall have a diameter not 
less than required by the following table:

                      Diameter of U-Bolts in Inches
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Double or triple saddle-mount
                                     -----------------------------------
 Weight in pounds of heaviest towed             Middle            Single
               vehicle                 Front      or      Rear   saddle-
                                       mount    front    mount    mount
                                                mount              \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Up to 5,000.........................    0.625   0.5625    0.500    0.500
5,000 and over......................   0.6875    0.625   0.5625   0.5625
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The total weight of all the vehicles being towed shall govern. If
  other devices are used to accomplish the same purposes as U-bolts they
  shall have at least equivalent strength of U-bolts made of mild steel.
  Cast iron shall not be used for clamps or any other holding devices.

    (3) U-bolts and points of support, location. The distance between 
the most widely separated U-bolts shall not be less than 9 inches. The 
distance between the widely separated points where the upper-half 
supports the towed vehicle shall not be less than 9 inches, except that 
saddle-mounts employing ball and socket joints shall employ a device 
which clamps the axle of the towed vehicle throughout a length of not 
less than 5 inches.
    (4) Cradle-type upper-halves, specifications. Upper-halves of the 
cradle-type using vertical members to restrain the towed vehicle from 
relative movement in the direction of motion of the vehicles shall be 
substantially constructed and adequate for the purpose. Such cradle-
mounts shall be equipped with at least one bolt or equivalent means to 
provide against relative vertical movement between the upper-half and 
the towed vehicle. Bolts, if used, shall be at least one-half inch in 
diameter. Devices using equivalent means shall have at least equivalent 
strength. The means used to provide against relative vertical motion 
between the upper-half and the towed vehicle shall be such as not to 
permit a relative motion of over one-half inch. The distance between the 
most widely separated points of

[[Page 595]]

support between the upper-half and the towed vehicle shall be at least 9 
inches.
    (5) Lateral movement of towed vehicle. (i) Towed vehicles having a 
straight axle or an axle having a drop of less than 3 inches, unless the 
saddle-mount is constructed in accordance with paragraph (m)(2) of this 
section, shall be securely fastened by means of chains or cables to the 
upper-half so as to ensure against relative lateral motion between the 
towed vehicle and the upper-half. The chains or cables shall be at least 
\3/16\-inch diameter and secured by bolts of at least equal diameter.
    (ii) Towed vehicles with an axle with a drop of 3 inches or more, or 
connected by a saddle-mount constructed in accordance with paragraph 
(m)(2) of this section, need not be restrained by chains or cables 
provided that the upper-half is so designed as to provide against such 
relative motion.
    (iii) Chains or cables shall not be required if the upper-half is so 
designed as positively to provide against lateral movement of the axle.
    (k) Requirements for lower half of saddle-mounts. The lower half of 
any saddle-mount shall comply with the following requirements:
    (1) U-bolts or other attachments. U-bolts used to attach the lower 
half to the towing vehicle shall be made of steel rod, free of defects, 
so shaped as to avoid at any point a radius of less than 1 inch: 
Provided, however, That a lesser radius may be utilized if the U-bolt is 
so fabricated as not to cause more than 5 percent reduction in cross-
sectional area at points of curvature, in which latter event the minimum 
radius shall be one-sixteenth inch. U-bolts shall have a total cross-
sectional area not less than as required by the following table:

         Total Cross-Sectional Area of U-Bolts in Square Inches
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Double or triple saddle-mount
                                     -----------------------------------
 Weight in pounds of heaviest towed             Middle            Single
               vehicle                 Front      or      Rear   saddle-
                                       mount    front    mount    mount
                                                mount              \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Up to 5,000.........................      1.2      1.0      0.8      0.8
5,000 and over......................      1.4      1.2      1.0      1.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The total weight of all the vehicles being towed shall govern. If
  other devices are used to accomplish the same purposes as U-bolts they
  shall have at least equivalent strength of U-bolts made of mild steel.
  Cast iron shall not be used for clamps or any other holding devices.

    (2) Shifting. Adequate provision shall be made by design and 
installation to provide against relative movement between the lower-half 
and the towing vehicle especially during periods of rapid acceleration 
and deceleration. To ensure against shifting, designs of the tripod type 
shall be equipped with adequate and securely fastened hold-back chains 
or similar devices.
    (3) Swaying. (i) Adequate provision shall be made by design and 
installation to provide against swaying or lateral movement of the towed 
vehicle relative to the towing vehicle. To ensure against swaying, 
lower-halves designed with cross-members attached to but separable from 
vertical members shall have such cross-members fastened to the vertical 
members by at least two bolts on each side. Such bolts shall be of at 
least equivalent cross-sectional area as those required for U-bolts for 
the corresponding saddle-mount as given in the table in paragraph (k)(1) 
of this section. The minimum distance between the most widely separated 
points of support of the cross-member by the vertical member shall be 
three inches as measured in a direction parallel to the longitudinal 
axis of the towing vehicle.
    (ii) The lower-half shall have a bearing surface on the frame of the 
towing vehicle of such dimensions that the pressure exerted by the 
lower-half upon the frame of the towing vehicle shall not exceed 200 
pounds per square inch under any conditions of static loading. Hardwood 
blocks or blocks of other suitable material, such as hard rubber, 
aluminum or brakelining, if used between the lower half and the frame of 
the towing vehicle shall be at least \1/2\ inch thick, 3 inches wide, 
and a combined length of 6 inches.
    (iii) Under no condition shall the highest point of support of the 
towed vehicle by the upper-half be more than 24 inches, measured 
vertically, above the top of the frame of the towing vehicle, measured 
at the point where the lower-half rests on the towing vehicle.
    (4) Wood blocks. (i) Hardwood blocks of good quality may be used to 
build up the height of the front end of the towed vehicle, provided that 
the total height of such wood blocks shall not exceed 8 inches and not 
over two separate pieces

[[Page 596]]

are placed upon each other to obtain such height; however, hardwood 
blocks, not over 4 in number, to a total height not to exceed 14 inches, 
may be used if the total cross-sectional area of the U-bolts used to 
attach the lower-half of the towing vehicle is at least 50 percent 
greater than that required by the table contained in paragraph (k)(1) of 
this section, or, if other devices are used in lieu of U-bolts, they 
shall provide for as great a resistance to bending as is provided by the 
larger U-bolts above prescribed.
    (ii) Hardwood blocks must be at least 4 inches in width and the 
surfaces between blocks or block and lower-half or block and upper-half 
shall be planed and so installed and maintained as to minimize any 
tendency of the towed vehicle to sway or rock.
    (5) Cross-member, general requirements. The cross-member, which is 
that part of the lower-half used to distribute the weight of the towed 
vehicle equally to each member of the frame of the towing vehicle, if 
used, shall be structurally adequate and properly installed and 
maintained adequately to perform this function.
    (6) Cross-member, use of wood. No materials, other than suitable 
metals, shall be used as the cross-member, and wood may not be used 
structurally in any manner that will result in its being subject to 
tensile stresses. Wood may be used in cross-members if supported 
throughout its length by suitable metal cross-members.
    (7) Lower half strength. The lower half shall be capable of 
supporting the loads given in the following table. For the purpose of 
test, the saddle-mount shall be mounted as normally operated and the 
load applied through the upper half:

                       Minimum Test Load in Pounds
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Double or triple saddle-mount
                                     -----------------------------------
 Weight in pounds of heaviest towed             Middle            Single
               vehicle                 Front      or      Rear   saddle-
                                       mount    front    mount    mount
                                                mount              \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Up to 5,000.........................   15,000   10,000    5,000    5,000
5,000 and over......................   30,000   20,000   10,000   10,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The total weight of all the vehicles being towed shall govern.

    (l) Requirements for kingpins of saddle-mounts. The kingpin of any 
saddle-mount shall comply with the following requirements:
    (1) Kingpin size. (i) Kingpins shall be constructed of steel 
suitable for the purpose, free of defects, and having a diameter not 
less than required by the following table:

                                       Diameter of Solid Kingpin in Inches
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Double or triple saddle-mount
                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Front mount     Middle or front     Rear mount      Single saddle-
   Weight in pounds of heaviest towed    ------------------       mount      ------------------     mount \1\
                 vehicle                                   ------------------                  -----------------
                                            Mild    H.T.S.    Mild    H.T.S.    Mild    H.T.S.    Mild
                                           steel     \2\     steel     \2\     steel     \2\     steel    H.T.S.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Up to 5,000.............................    1.125    1.000    1.000    0.875    0.875    0.750    0.875    0.750
5,000 and over..........................    1.500    1.125    1.250    1.000    1.000    0.875    1.000    0.875
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The total weight of all the vehicles being towed shall govern.
\2\ High-tensile steel is steel having a minimum ultimate strength of 65,000 pounds per square inch.

    (ii) If a ball and socket joint is used in place of a kingpin, the 
diameter of the neck of the ball shall be at least equal to the diameter 
of the corresponding solid kingpin given in the above table. If hollow 
kingpins are used, the metallic cross-sectional area shall be at least 
equal to the cross-sectional area of the corresponding solid kingpin.
    (2) Kingpin fit. If a kingpin bushing is not used, the king-pin 
shall fit snugly into the upper and lower-halves but shall not bind. 
Those portions of the upper or lower-halves in moving contact with the 
kingpin shall be smoothly machined with no rough or sharp edges. The 
bearing surface thus provided shall not be less in depth than the radius 
of the kingpin.
    (3) Kingpin bushing on saddle-mounts. The kingpin of all new saddle-
mounts acquired and used shall be snugly enclosed in a bushing at least 
along such length of the kingpin as may be in moving contact with either 
the upper

[[Page 597]]

or lower-halves. The bearing surface thus provided shall not be less in 
depth than the radius of the kingpin.
    (4) Kingpin to restrain vertical motion. The kingpin shall be so 
designed and installed as to restrain the upper-half from moving in a 
vertical direction relative to the lower-half.
    (m) Additional requirements for saddle-mounts. Saddle-mounts shall 
comply with the following requirements:
    (1) Bearing surface between upper and lower-halves. The upper and 
lower-halves shall be so constructed and connected that the bearing 
surface between the two halves shall not be less than 16 square inches 
under any conditions of angularity between the towing and towed 
vehicles: Provided, however, That saddle-mounts using a ball and socket 
joint shall have a ball of such dimension that the static bearing load 
shall not exceed 800 pounds per square inch, based on the projected 
cross-sectional area of the ball: And further provided, That saddle-
mounts having the upper-half supported by ball, taper, or roller-
bearings shall not have such bearings loaded beyond the limits 
prescribed for such bearings by the manufacturer thereof. The upper-half 
shall rest evenly and smoothly upon the lower-half and the contact 
surfaces shall be lubricated and maintained so that there shall be a 
minimum of frictional resistance between the parts.
    (2) Saddle-mounts, angularity. All saddle-mounts acquired and used 
shall provide for angularity between the towing and towed vehicles due 
to vertical curvatures of the highway. Such means shall not depend upon 
either the looseness or deformation of the parts of either the saddle-
mount or the vehicles to provide for such angularity.
    (3) Tracking. The saddle-mount shall be so designed, constructed, 
maintained, and installed that the towed vehicle or vehicles will follow 
substantially in the path of the towing vehicle without swerving. Towed 
vehicles shall not deviate more than 3 inches to either side of the path 
of the towing vehicle when moving in a straight line.
    (4) Prevention of frame bending. Where necessary, provision shall be 
made to prevent the bending of the frame of the towing vehicle by 
insertion of suitable blocks inside the frame channel to prevent 
kinking. The saddle-mount shall not be so located as to cause 
deformation of the frame by reason of cantilever action.
    (5) Extension of frame. No saddle-mount shall be located at a point 
to the rear of the frame of a towing vehicle.
    (6) Nuts, secured. All nuts used on bolts, U-bolts, king-pins, or in 
any other part of the saddle-mount shall be secured against accidental 
disconnection by means of cotter-keys, lock-washers, double nuts, safety 
nuts, or equivalent means. Parts shall be so designed and installed that 
nuts shall be fully engaged.
    (7) Inspection of all parts. The saddle-mount shall be so designed 
that it may be disassembled and each separate part inspected for worn, 
bent, cracked, broken, or missing parts.
    (8) Saddle-mounts, marking. Every new saddle-mount acquired and used 
in driveaway-towaway operations by a motor carrier shall have the upper-
half and the lower-half separately marked with the following 
certification of the manufacturer thereof (or words of equivalent 
meaning).

    This saddle-mount complies with the requirements of the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration for vehicles up to 5,000 pounds (or 
over 5,000 pounds):

Manufactured____________________________________________________________
                                                        (Month and year)
by______________________________________________________________________
                                                  (Name of manufacturer)

    (n) Requirements for devices used to connect motor vehicles or parts 
of motor vehicles together to form one vehicle--(1) Front axle 
attachment. The front axle of one motor vehicle intended to be coupled 
with another vehicle or parts of motor vehicles together to form one 
vehicle shall be attached with U-bolts meeting the requirements of 
paragraph (j)(2) of this section.
    (2) Rear axle attachment. The rear axle of one vehicle shall be 
coupled to the frame of the other vehicle by means of a connecting 
device which when in place forms a rectangle. The device shall be 
composed of two pieces, top and bottom. The device shall be made of 4-
inch by \1/2\-inch steel bar bent to shape and shall have the corners 
reinforced with a plate at least 3 inches by

[[Page 598]]

\1/2\ inch by 8 inches long. The device shall be bolted together with 
\3/4\-inch bolts and at least three shall be used on each side. Wood may 
be used as spacers to keep the frames apart and it shall be at least 4 
inches square.

[33 FR 19735, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 35 FR 10907, July 7, 1970; 37 
FR 21440, Oct. 11, 1972; 53 FR 49400, Dec. 7, 1988; 70 FR 48054, Aug. 
15, 2005; 76 FR 56322, Sept. 13, 2011; 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013; 80 
FR 59075, Oct. 1, 2015; 86 FR 57076, Oct. 14, 2021]



              Subpart G_Miscellaneous Parts and Accessories



Sec.  393.75  Tires.

    (a) No motor vehicle shall be operated on any tire that--
    (1) Has body ply or belt material exposed through the tread or 
sidewall,
    (2) Has any tread or sidewall separation,
    (3) Is flat or has an audible leak, or
    (4) Has a cut to the extent that the ply or belt material is 
exposed.
    (b) Any tire on the front wheels of a bus, truck, or truck tractor 
shall have a tread groove pattern depth of at least \4/32\ of an inch 
when measured at any point on a major tread groove. The measurements 
shall not be made where tie bars, humps, or fillets are located.
    (c) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, tires shall 
have a tread groove pattern depth of at least \2/32\ of an inch when 
measured in a major tread groove. The measurement shall not be made 
where tie bars, humps or fillets are located.
    (d) No bus shall be operated with regrooved, recapped or retreaded 
tires on the front wheels.
    (e) A regrooved tire with a load-carrying capacity equal to or 
greater than 2,232 kg (4,920 pounds) shall not be used on the front 
wheels of any truck or truck tractor.
    (f) No motor vehicle may be operated with speed-restricted tires 
labeled with a maximum speed of 55 mph or less in accordance with 
S6.5(e) of FMVSS No. 119 at speeds that exceed the rated limit of the 
tire.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22JY16.007

    (g) Tire loading restrictions (except on manufactured homes). No 
motor vehicle (except manufactured homes, which are governed by 
paragraph (h) of this section) shall be operated with tires that carry a 
weight greater than that marked on the sidewall of the tire or, in the 
absence of such a marking, a weight greater than that specified for the 
tires in any of the publications of any of the organizations listed in 
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 119 (49 CFR 571.119, S5.1(b)) 
unless:
    (1) The vehicle is being operated under the terms of a special 
permit issued by the State; and

[[Page 599]]

    (2) The vehicle is being operated at a reduced speed to compensate 
for the tire loading in excess of the manufacturer's rated capacity for 
the tire. In no case shall the speed exceed 80 km/hr (50 mph).
    (h)(1) Tire loading restrictions for manufactured homes built before 
January 1, 2002. Manufactured homes that are labeled pursuant to 24 CFR 
3282.362(c)(2)(i) before January 1, 2002, must not be transported on 
tires that are loaded more than 18 percent over the load rating marked 
on the sidewall of the tire or, in the absence of such a marking, more 
than 18 percent over the load rating specified in any of the 
publications of any of the organizations listed in FMVSS No. 119 (49 CFR 
571.119, S5.1(b)). Manufactured homes labeled before January 1, 2002, 
transported on tires overloaded by 9 percent or more must not be 
operated at speeds exceeding 80 km/hr (50 mph).
    (2) Tire loading restrictions for manufactured homes built on or 
after January 1, 2002. Manufactured homes that are labeled pursuant to 
24 CFR 3282.362(c)(2)(i) on or after January 1, 2002, must not be 
transported on tires loaded beyond the load rating marked on the 
sidewall of the tire or, in the absence of such a marking, the load 
rating specified in any of the publications of any of the organizations 
listed in FMVSS No. 119 (49 CFR 571.119, S5.1(b)).
    (i) Tire inflation pressure. (1) No motor vehicle shall be operated 
on a tire which has a cold inflation pressure less than that specified 
for the load being carried.
    (2) If the inflation pressure of the tire has been increased by heat 
because of the recent operation of the vehicle, the cold inflation 
pressure shall be estimated by subtracting the inflation buildup factor 
shown in Table 1 from the measured inflation pressure.

       Table 1--Inflation Pressure Measurement Correction for Heat
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    Minimum inflation pressure buildup
                                 ---------------------------------------
 Average speed of vehicle in the   Tires with 1,814
          previous hour             kg (4,000 lbs.)     Tires with over
                                     maximum load       1,814 kg (4,000
                                    rating or less     lbs.) load rating
------------------------------------------------------------------------
66-88.5 km/hr (41-55 mph).......  34.5 kPa (5 psi)..  103.4 kPa (15
                                                       psi).
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[34 FR 9344, June 13, 1969, as amended at 40 FR 44557, Sept. 29, 1975; 
41 FR 36657, Aug. 31, 1976; 44 FR 25455, May 1, 1979; 44 FR 47938, Aug. 
16, 1979; 53 FR 18057, May 19, 1988; 53 FR 49401, Dec. 7, 1988; 63 FR 
8339, Feb. 18, 1998; 65 FR 70220, Nov. 21, 2000; 66 FR 67694, Dec. 31, 
2001; 70 FR 48054, Aug. 15, 2005; 81 FR 47731, July 22, 2016]



Sec.  393.76  Sleeper berths.

    (a) Dimensions--(1) Size. A sleeper berth must be at least the 
following size:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Height
                                       Length        Width     measured
                                     measured on   measured      from
                                     centerline       on        highest
   Date of installation on motor         of       centerline   point of
              vehicle               longitudinal      of        top of
                                        axis      transverse   mattress
                                      (inches)       axis      (inches)
                                                   (inches)       \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Before January 1, 1953............           72           18          18
After December 31, 1952, and                 75           21          21
 before October 1, 1975...........
After September 30, 1975..........           75           24          24
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ In the case of a sleeper berth which utilizes an adjustable
  mechanical suspension system, the required clearance can be measured
  when the suspension system is adjusted to the height to which it would
  settle when occupied by a driver.

    (2) Shape. A sleeper berth installed on a motor vehicle on or after 
January 1, 1953 must be of generally rectangular shape, except that the 
horizontal corners and the roof corners may be rounded to radii not 
exceeding 10\1/2\ inches.
    (3) Access. A sleeper berth must be constructed so that an 
occupant's ready entrance to, and exit from, the sleeper berth is not 
unduly hindered.
    (b) Location. (1) A sleeper berth must not be installed in or on a 
semitrailer or a full trailer other than a house trailer.
    (2) A sleeper berth located within the cargo space of a motor 
vehicle must be securely compartmentalized from the remainder of the 
cargo space. A sleeper berth installed on or after January 1, 1953 must 
be located in the cab or immediately adjacent to the cab and must be 
securely fixed with relation to the cab.
    (c) Exit from the berth. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) 
of this section, there must be a direct and ready means of exit from a 
sleeper berth into the driver's seat or compartment. If the sleeper 
berth was installed on or after January 1, 1963, the exit must be a 
doorway or opening at least 18 inches

[[Page 600]]

high and 36 inches wide. If the sleeper berth was installed before 
January 1, 1963, the exit must have sufficient area to contain an 
ellipse having a major axis of 24 inches and a minor axis of 16 inches.
    (2) A sleeper berth installed before January 1, 1953 must either:
    (i) Conform to the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this section; 
or
    (ii) Have at least two exits, each of which is at least 18 inches 
high and 21 inches wide, located at opposite ends of the vehicle and 
useable by the occupant without the assistance of any other person.
    (d) Communication with the driver. A sleeper berth which is not 
located within the driver's compartment and has no direct entrance into 
the driver's compartment must be equipped with a means of communication 
between the occupant and the driver. The means of communication may 
consist of a telephone, speaker tube, buzzer, pull cord, or other 
mechanical or electrical device.
    (e) Equipment. A sleeper berth must be properly equipped for 
sleeping. Its equipment must include:
    (1) Adequate bedclothing and blankets; and
    (2) Either:
    (i) Springs and a mattress; or
    (ii) An innerspring mattress; or
    (iii) A cellular rubber or flexible foam mattress at least four 
inches thick; or
    (iv) A mattress filled with a fluid and of sufficient thickness when 
filled to prevent ``bottoming-out'' when occupied while the vehicle is 
in motion.
    (f) Ventilation. A sleeper berth must have louvers or other means of 
providing adequate ventilation. A sleeper berth must be reasonably tight 
against dust and rain.
    (g) Protection against exhaust and fuel leaks and exhaust heat. A 
sleeper berth must be located so that leaks in the vehicle's exhaust 
system or fuel system do not permit fuel, fuel system gases, or exhaust 
gases to enter the sleeper berth. A sleeper berth must be located so 
that it will not be overheated or damaged by reason of its proximity to 
the vehicle's exhaust system.
    (h) Occupant restraint. A motor vehicle manufactured on or after 
July 1, 1971, and equipped with a sleeper berth must be equipped with a 
means of preventing ejection of the occupant of the sleeper berth during 
deceleration of the vehicle. The restraint system must be designed, 
installed, and maintained to withstand a minimum total force of 6,000 
pounds applied toward the front of the vehicle and parallel to the 
longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

[39 FR 14711, Apr. 26, 1974; 39 FR 17233, May 14, 1974, as amended at 53 
FR 49401, Dec. 7, 1988]



Sec.  393.77  Heaters.

    On every motor vehicle, every heater shall comply with the following 
requirements:
    (a) Prohibited types of heaters. The installation or use of the 
following types of heaters is prohibited:
    (1) Exhaust heaters. Any type of exhaust heater in which the engine 
exhaust gases are conducted into or through any space occupied by 
persons or any heater which conducts engine compartment air into any 
such space.
    (2) Unenclosed flame heaters. Any type of heater employing a flame 
which is not fully enclosed, except that such heaters are not prohibited 
when used for heating the cargo of tank motor vehicles.
    (3) Heaters permitting fuel leakage. Any type of heater from the 
burner of which there could be spillage or leakage of fuel upon the 
tilting or overturning of the vehicle in which it is mounted.
    (4) Heaters permitting air contamination. Any heater taking air, 
heated or to be heated, from the engine compartment or from direct 
contact with any portion of the exhaust system; or any heater taking air 
in ducts from the outside atmosphere to be conveyed through the engine 
compartment, unless said ducts are so constructed and installed as to 
prevent contamination of the air so conveyed by exhaust or engine 
compartment gases.
    (5) Solid fuel heaters except wood charcoal. Any stove or other 
heater employing solid fuel except wood charcoal.
    (6) Portable heaters. Portable heaters shall not be used in any 
space occupied by persons except the cargo space of motor vehicles which 
are being loaded or unloaded.

[[Page 601]]

    (b) Heater specifications. All heaters shall comply with the 
following specifications:
    (1) Heating elements, protection. Every heater shall be so located 
or protected as to prevent contact therewith by occupants, unless the 
surface temperature of the protecting grilles or of any exposed portions 
of the heaters, inclusive of exhaust stacks, pipes, or conduits shall be 
lower than would cause contact burns. Adequate protection shall be 
afforded against igniting parts of the vehicle or burning occupants by 
direct radiation. Wood charcoal heaters shall be enclosed within a metal 
barrel, drum, or similar protective enclosure which enclosure shall be 
provided with a securely fastened cover.
    (2) Moving parts, guards. Effective guards shall be provided for the 
protection of passengers or occupants against injury by fans, belts, or 
any other moving parts.
    (3) Heaters, secured. Every heater and every heater enclosure shall 
be securely fastened to the vehicle in a substantial manner so as to 
provide against relative motion within the vehicle during normal usage 
or in the event the vehicle overturns. Every heater shall be so 
designed, constructed, and mounted as to minimize the likelihood of 
disassembly of any of its parts, including exhaust stacks, pipes, or 
conduits, upon overturn of the vehicle in or on which it is mounted. 
Wood charcoal heaters shall be secured against relative motion within 
the enclosure required by paragraph (c)(1) of this section, and the 
enclosure shall be securely fastened to the motor vehicle.
    (4) Relative motion between fuel tank and heater. When either in 
normal operation or in the event of overturn, there is or is likely to 
be relative motion between the fuel tank for a heater and the heater, or 
between either of such units and the fuel lines between them, a suitable 
means shall be provided at the point of greatest relative motion so as 
to allow this motion without causing failure of the fuel lines.
    (5) Operating controls to be protected. On every bus designed to 
transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver, means shall be 
provided to prevent unauthorized persons from tampering with the 
operating controls. Such means may include remote control by the driver; 
installation of controls at inaccessible places; control of adjustments 
by key or keys; enclosure of controls in a locked space, locking of 
controls, or other means of accomplishing this purpose.
    (6) Heater hoses. Hoses for all hot water and steam heater systems 
shall be specifically designed and constructed for that purpose.
    (7) Electrical apparatus. Every heater employing any electrical 
apparatus shall be equipped with electrical conductors, switches, 
connectors, and other electrical parts of ample current-carrying 
capacity to provide against overheating; any electric motor employed in 
any heater shall be of adequate size and so located that it will not be 
overheated; electrical circuits shall be provided with fuses and/or 
circuit breakers to provide against electrical overloading; and all 
electrical conductors employed in or leading to any heater shall be 
secured against dangling, chafing, and rubbing and shall have suitable 
protection against any other condition likely to produce short or open 
circuits.

    Note: Electrical parts certified as proper for use by Underwriters' 
Laboratories, Inc., shall be deemed to comply with the foregoing 
requirements.

    (8) Storage battery caps. If a separate storage battery is located 
within the personnel or cargo space, such battery shall be securely 
mounted and equipped with nonspill filler caps.
    (9) Combustion heater exhaust construction. Every heater employing 
the combustion of oil, gas, liquefied petroleum gas, or any other 
combustible material shall be provided with substantial means of 
conducting the products of combustion to the outside of the vehicle: 
Provided, however, That this requirement shall not apply to heaters used 
solely to heat the cargo space of motor vehicles where such motor 
vehicles or heaters are equipped with means specifically designed and 
maintained so that the carbon monoxide concentration will never exceed 
0.2 percent in the cargo space. The exhaust pipe, stack, or conduit if 
required shall be sufficiently substantial and so secured as to provide 
reasonable assurance against leakage or discharge of

[[Page 602]]

products of combustion within the vehicle and, if necessary, shall be so 
insulated as to make unlikely the burning or charring of parts of the 
vehicle by radiation or by direct contact. The place of discharge of the 
products of combustion to the atmosphere and the means of discharge of 
such products shall be such as to minimize the likelihood of their 
reentry into the vehicle under all operating conditions.
    (10) Combustion chamber construction. The design and construction of 
any combustion-type heater except cargo space heaters permitted by the 
proviso of paragraph (c)(9) of this section and unenclosed flame heaters 
used for heating cargo of tank motor vehicles shall be such as to 
provide against the leakage of products of combustion into air to be 
heated and circulated. The material employed in combustion chambers 
shall be such as to provide against leakage because of corrosion, 
oxidation, or other deterioration. Joints between combustion chambers 
and the air chambers with which they are in thermal and mechanical 
contact shall be so designed and constructed as to prevent leakage 
between the chambers and the materials employed in such joints shall 
have melting points substantially higher than the maximum temperatures 
likely to be attained at the points of jointure.
    (11) Heater fuel tank location. Every bus designed to transport more 
than 15 passengers, including the driver, with heaters of the combustion 
type shall have fuel tanks therefor located outside of and lower than 
the passenger space. When necessary, suitable protection shall be 
afforded by shielding or other means against the puncturing of any such 
tank or its connections by flying stones or other objects.
    (12) Heater, automatic fuel control. Gravity or siphon feed shall 
not be permitted for heaters using liquid fuels. Heaters using liquid 
fuels shall be equipped with automatic means for shutting off the fuel 
or for reducing such flow of fuel to the smallest practicable magnitude, 
in the event of overturn of the vehicle. Heaters using liquefied 
petroleum gas as fuel shall have the fuel line equipped with automatic 
means at the source of supply for shutting off the fuel in the event of 
separation, breakage, or disconnection of any of the fuel lines between 
the supply source and the heater.
    (13) ``Tell-tale'' indicators. Heaters subject to paragraph (b)(14) 
of this section and not provided with automatic controls shall be 
provided with ``tell-tale'' means to indicate to the driver that the 
heater is properly functioning. This requirement shall not apply to 
heaters used solely for the cargo space in semitrailers or full 
trailers.
    (14) Shut-off control. Automatic means, or manual means if the 
control is readily accessible to the driver without moving from the 
driver's seat, shall be provided to shut off the fuel and electrical 
supply in case of failure of the heater to function for any reason, or 
in case the heater should function improperly or overheat. This 
requirement shall not apply to wood charcoal heaters or to heaters used 
solely to heat the contents of cargo tank motor vehicles, but wood 
charcoal heaters must be provided with a controlled method of regulating 
the flow of combustion air.
    (15) Certification required. Every combustion-type heater, except 
wood charcoal heaters, the date of manufacture of which is subsequent to 
December 31, 1952, and every wood charcoal heater, the date of 
manufacture of which is subsequent to September 1, 1953, shall be marked 
plainly to indicate the type of service for which such heater is 
designed and with a certification by the manufacturer that the heater 
meets the applicable requirements for such use. For example, ``Meets 
I.C.C. Bus Heater Requirements,'' Meets I.C.C. Flue-Vented Cargo Space 
Heater Requirements,'' and after December 31, 1967, such certification 
shall read ``Meets FMCSA Bus Heater Requirements,'' ``Meets FMCSA Flue-
Vented Cargo Space Heater Requirements,'' etc.
    (c) Exception. The certification for a catalytic heater which is 
used in transporting flammable liquid or gas shall be as prescribed 
under Sec.  177.834(1) of this title.

[33 FR 19735, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 40 FR 51198, Nov. 4, 1975; 53 
FR 49401, Dec. 7, 1988; 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 58484, Sept. 
24, 2013]

[[Page 603]]



Sec.  393.78  Windshield wiping and washing systems.

    (a) Vehicles manufactured on or after December 25, 1968. Each bus, 
truck, and truck-tractor manufactured on or after December 25, 1968, 
must have a windshield wiping system that meets the requirements of 
FMVSS No. 104 (S4.1) in effect on the date of manufacture. Each of these 
vehicles must have a windshield washing system that meets the 
requirements of FMVSS No. 104 (S4.2.2) in effect on the date of 
manufacture.
    (b) Vehicles manufactured between June 30, 1953, and December 24, 
1968. Each truck, truck-tractor, and bus manufactured between June 30, 
1953, and December 24, 1968, shall be equipped with a power-driven 
windshield wiping system with at least two wiper blades, one on each 
side of the centerline of the windshield. Motor vehicles which depend 
upon vacuum to operate the windshield wipers, shall have the wiper 
system constructed and maintained such that the performance of the 
wipers will not be adversely affected by a change in the intake manifold 
pressure.
    (c) Driveaway-towaway operations. Windshield wiping and washing 
systems need not be in working condition while a commercial motor 
vehicle is being towed in a driveaway-towaway operation.

[70 FR 48054, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.79  Windshield defrosting and defogging systems.

    (a) Vehicles manufactured on or after December 25, 1968. Each bus, 
truck, and truck-tractor manufactured on or after December 25, 1968, 
must have a windshield defrosting and defogging system that meets the 
requirements of FMVSS No. 103 in effect on the date of manufacture.
    (b) Vehicles manufactured before December 25, 1968. Each bus, truck, 
and truck-tractor shall be equipped with a means for preventing the 
accumulation of ice, snow, frost, or condensation that could obstruct 
the driver's view through the windshield while the vehicle is being 
driven.

[70 FR 48054, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.80  Rear-vision mirrors.

    (a) Every bus, truck, and truck tractor shall be equipped with two 
rear-vision mirrors, one at each side, firmly attached to the outside of 
the motor vehicle, and so located as to reflect to the driver a view of 
the highway to the rear, along both sides of the vehicle. All such 
regulated rear-vision mirrors and their replacements shall meet, as a 
minimum, the requirements of FMVSS No. 111 (49 CFR 571.111) in force at 
the time the vehicle was manufactured.
    (b) Exceptions. (1) Mirrors installed on a vehicle manufactured 
prior to January 1, 1981, may be continued in service, provided that if 
the mirrors are replaced they shall be replaced with mirrors meeting, as 
a minimum, the requirements of FMVSS No. 111 (49 CFR 571.111) in force 
at the time the vehicle was manufactured.
    (2) Only one outside mirror shall be required, which shall be on the 
driver's side, on trucks which are so constructed that the driver has a 
view to the rear by means of an interior mirror.
    (3) In driveway-towaway operations, the driven vehicle shall have at 
least one mirror furnishing a clear view to the rear.

[48 FR 57139, Dec. 28, 1983, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001]



Sec.  393.81  Horn.

    Every bus, truck, truck-tractor, and every driven motor vehicle in 
driveaway-towaway operations shall be equipped with a horn and actuating 
elements which shall be in such condition as to give an adequate and 
reliable warning signal.



Sec.  393.82  Speedometer.

    Each bus, truck, and truck-tractor must be equipped with a 
speedometer indicating vehicle speed in miles per hour and/or kilometers 
per hour. The speedometer must be accurate to within plus or minus 8 km/
hr (5 mph) at a speed of 80 km/hr (50 mph).

[70 FR 48054, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.83  Exhaust systems.

    (a) Every motor vehicle having a device (other than as part of its 
cargo)

[[Page 604]]

capable of expelling harmful combustion fumes shall have a system to 
direct the discharge of such fumes. No part shall be located where its 
location would likely result in burning, charring, or damaging the 
electrical wiring, the fuel supply, or any combustible part of the motor 
vehicle.
    (b) No exhaust system shall discharge to the atmosphere at a 
location immediately below the fuel tank or the fuel tank filler pipe.
    (c) The exhaust system of a bus powered by a gasoline engine shall 
discharge to the atmosphere at or within 6 inches forward of the 
rearmost part of the bus.
    (d) The exhaust system of a bus using fuels other than gasoline 
shall discharge to the atmosphere either:
    (1) At or within 15 inches forward of the rearmost part of the 
vehicle; or
    (2) To the rear of all doors or windows designed to be open, except 
windows designed to be opened solely as emergency exits.
    (e) The exhaust system of every truck and truck tractor shall 
discharge to the atmosphere at a location to the rear of the cab or, if 
the exhaust projects above the cab, at a location near the rear of the 
cab.
    (f) No part of the exhaust system shall be temporarily repaired with 
wrap or patches.
    (g) No part of the exhaust system shall leak or discharge at a point 
forward of or directly below the driver/sleeper compartment. The exhaust 
outlet may discharge above the cab/sleeper roofline.
    (h) The exhaust system must be securely fastened to the vehicle.
    (i) Exhaust systems may use hangers which permit required movement 
due to expansion and contraction caused by heat of the exhaust and 
relative motion between engine and chassis of a vehicle.

[53 FR 49401, Dec. 7, 1988]



Sec.  393.84  Floors.

    The flooring in all motor vehicles shall be substantially 
constructed, free of unnecessary holes and openings, and shall be 
maintained so as to minimize the entrance of fumes, exhaust gases, or 
fire. Floors shall not be permeated with oil or other substances likely 
to cause injury to persons using the floor as a traction surface.

[53 FR 49401, Dec. 7, 1988]



Sec.  393.85  [Reserved]



Sec.  393.86  Rear impact guards and rear end protection.

    (a)(1) General requirements for trailers and semitrailers 
manufactured on or after January 26, 1998. Each trailer and semitrailer 
with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kg (10,000 pounds) or more, 
and manufactured on or after January 26, 1998, must be equipped with a 
rear impact guard that meets the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle 
Safety Standard No. 223 (49 CFR 571.223) in effect at the time the 
vehicle was manufactured. When the rear impact guard is installed on the 
trailer or semitrailer, the vehicle must, at a minimum, meet the 
requirements of FMVSS No. 224 (49 CFR 571.224) in effect at the time the 
vehicle was manufactured. The requirements of paragraph (a) of this 
section do not apply to pole trailers (as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this 
chapter); pulpwood trailers, low chassis vehicles, special purpose 
vehicles, wheels back vehicles, and road construction controlled 
horizontal discharge trailers (as defined in Sec.  393.5); and trailers 
towed in driveaway-towaway operations (as defined in Sec.  390.5).
    (2) Impact guard width. The outermost surfaces of the horizontal 
member of the guard must extend to within 100 mm (4 inches) of the side 
extremities of the vehicle. The outermost surface of the horizontal 
member shall not extend beyond the side extremity of the vehicle.
    (3) Guard height. The vertical distance between the bottom edge of 
the horizontal member of the guard and the ground shall not exceed 560 
mm (22 inches) at any point across the full width of the member. Guards 
with rounded corners may curve upward within 255 mm (10 inches) of the 
longitudinal vertical planes that are tangent to the side extremities of 
the vehicle.
    (4) Guard rear surface. At any height 560 mm (22 inches) or more 
above the ground, the rearmost surface of the horizontal member of the 
guard must

[[Page 605]]

be within 305 mm (12 inches) of the rear extremity of the vehicle. This 
paragraph shall not be construed to prohibit the rear surface of the 
guard from extending beyond the rear extremity of the vehicle. Guards 
with rounded corners may curve forward within 255 mm (10 inches) of the 
side extremity.
    (5) Cross-sectional vertical height. The horizontal member of each 
guard must have a cross sectional vertical height of at least 100 mm 
(3.94 inches) at any point across the guard width.
    (6) Certification and labeling requirements for rear impact 
protection guards. Each rear impact guard used to satisfy the 
requirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this section must be permanently 
marked or labeled as required by FMVSS No. 223 (49 CFR 571.223, S5.3). 
The label shall be placed on the forward or rearward facing surface of 
the horizontal member of the guard, provided that the label does not 
interfere with the retroreflective sheeting required by S5.7.1.4.1(c) of 
FMVSS No. 108 (49 CFR 571.108), and is readily accessible for visual 
inspection. The certification label must contain the following 
information:
    (i) The impact guard manufacturer's name and address;
    (ii) The statement ``Manufactured in ___'' (inserting the month and 
year that the guard was manufactured); and,
    (iii) The letters ``DOT'', constituting a certification by the guard 
manufacturer that the guard conforms to all requirements of FMVSS No. 
223.
    (b)(1) Requirements for motor vehicles manufactured after December 
31, 1952 (except trailers or semitrailers manufactured on or after 
January 26, 1998). Each motor vehicle manufactured after December 31, 
1952, (except truck tractors, pole trailers, pulpwood trailers, road 
construction controlled horizontal discharge trailers, or vehicles in 
driveaway-towaway operations) in which the vertical distance between the 
rear bottom edge of the body (or the chassis assembly if the chassis is 
the rearmost part of the vehicle) and the ground is greater than 76.2 cm 
(30 inches) when the motor vehicle is empty, shall be equipped with a 
rear impact guard(s). The rear impact guard(s) must be installed and 
maintained in such a manner that:
    (i) The vertical distance between the bottom of the guard(s) and the 
ground does not exceed 76.2 cm (30 inches) when the motor vehicle is 
empty;
    (ii) The maximum lateral distance between the closest points between 
guards, if more than one is used, does not exceed 61 cm (24 inches);
    (iii) The outermost surfaces of the horizontal member of the guard 
are no more than 45.7 cm (18 inches) from each side extremity of the 
motor vehicle;
    (iv) The impact guard(s) are no more than 61 cm (24 inches) forward 
of the rear extremity of the motor vehicle.
    (2) Construction and attachment. The rear impact guard(s) must be 
substantially constructed and attached by means of bolts, welding, or 
other comparable means.
    (3) Vehicle components and structures that may be used to satisfy 
the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section. Low chassis vehicles, 
special purpose vehicles, or wheels back vehicles constructed and 
maintained so that the body, chassis, or other parts of the vehicle 
provide the rear end protection comparable to impact guard(s) conforming 
to the requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall be 
considered to be in compliance with those requirements.

[64 FR 47708, Sept. 1, 1999, as amended at 67 FR 61824, Oct. 2, 2002; 86 
FR 62111, Nov. 9, 2021]



Sec.  393.87  Warning flags on projecting loads.

    (a) Any commercial motor vehicle transporting a load which extends 
beyond the sides by more than 102 mm (4 inches) or more than 1,219 mm (4 
feet) beyond the rear must have the extremities of the load marked with 
red or orange fluorescent warning flags. Each warning flag must be at 
least 457 mm (18 inches) square.
    (b) Position of flags. There must be a single flag at the extreme 
rear if the projecting load is two feet wide or less. Two warning flags 
are required if the projecting load is wider than two feet. Flags must 
be located to indicate maximum width of loads which extend beyond the 
sides and/or rear of the vehicle.

[70 FR 48054, Aug. 15, 2005]

[[Page 606]]



Sec.  393.88  Television receivers.

    Any motor vehicle equipped with a television viewer, screen or other 
means of visually receiving a television broadcast shall have the viewer 
or screen located in the motor vehicle at a point to the rear of the 
back of the driver's seat if such viewer or screen is in the same 
compartment as the driver and the viewer or screen shall be so located 
as not to be visible to the driver, while he/she is driving the motor 
vehicle. The operating controls for the television receiver shall be so 
located that the driver cannot operate them without leaving the driver's 
seat.



Sec.  393.89  Buses, driveshaft protection.

    Any driveshaft extending lengthways under the floor of the passenger 
compartment of a bus shall be protected by means of at least one guard 
or bracket at that end of the shaft which is provided with a sliding 
connection (spline or other such device) to prevent the whipping of the 
shaft in the event of failure thereof or of any of its component parts. 
A shaft contained within a torque tube shall not require any such 
device.

[33 FR 19735, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 53 FR 49402, Dec. 7, 1988]



Sec.  393.90  Buses, standee line or bar.

    Except as provided below, every bus, which is designed and 
constructed so as to allow standees, shall be plainly marked with a line 
of contrasting color at least 2 inches wide or equipped with some other 
means so as to indicate to any person that he/she is prohibited from 
occupying a space forward of a perpendicular plane drawn through the 
rear of the driver's seat and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of 
the bus. Every bus shall have clearly posted at or near the front, a 
sign with letters at least one-half inch high stating that it is a 
violation of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's 
regulations for a bus to be operated with persons occupying the 
prohibited area. The requirements of this section shall not apply to any 
bus being transported in driveaway-towaway operation or to any level of 
the bus other that the level in which the driver is located nor shall 
they be construed to prohibit any seated person from occupying permanent 
seats located in the prohibited area provided such seats are so located 
that persons sitting therein will not interfere with the driver's safe 
operation of the bus.



Sec.  393.91  Buses, aisle seats prohibited.

    No bus shall be equipped with aisle seats unless such seats are so 
designed and installed as to automatically fold and leave a clear aisle 
when they are unoccupied. No bus shall be operated if any seat therein 
is not securely fastened to the vehicle.

[53 FR 49402, Dec. 7, 1988]



Sec.  393.92  [Reserved]



Sec.  393.93  Seats, seat belt assemblies, and seat belt assembly anchorages.

    (a) Buses--(1) Buses manufactured on or after January 1, 1965, and 
before July 1, 1971. After June 30, 1972, every bus manufactured on or 
after January 1, 1965, and before July 1, 1971, must be equipped with a 
Type 1 or Type 2 seat belt assembly that conforms to Federal Motor 
Vehicle Safety Standard No. 209 \1\ (Sec.  571.209) installed at the 
driver's seat and seat belt assembly anchorages that conform to the 
location and geometric requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety 
Standard No. 210 \1\ (Sec.  571.210) for that seat belt assembly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Individual copies of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards may 
be obtained from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 
1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Buses manufactured on or after July 1, 1971. Every bus 
manufactured on or after July 1, 1971, must conform to the requirements 
of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208 \1\ (Sec.  571.208) 
(relating to installation of seat belt assemblies) and Federal Motor 
Vehicle Safety Standard No. 210 \1\ (Sec.  571.210) (relating to 
installation of seat belt assembly anchorages).
    (3) Buses manufactured on or after January 1, 1972. Every bus 
manufactured on or after January 1, 1972, must conform to the 
requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 207 \1\ (Sec.  
571.207) (relating to seating systems).

[[Page 607]]

    (b) Trucks and truck tractors--(1) Trucks and truck tractors 
manufactured on and after January 1, 1965, and before July 1, 1971. 
Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, after June 30, 
1972, every truck and truck tractor manufactured on or after January 1, 
1965, and before July 1, 1971, must be equipped with a Type 1 or Type 2 
seat belt assembly that conforms to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety 
Standard No. 209 (Sec.  571.209) installed at the driver's seat and at 
the right front outboard seat, if the vehicle has one, and seat belt 
assembly anchorages that conform to the location and geometric 
requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 210 (Sec.  
571.210) for each seat belt assembly that is required by this 
subparagraph.
    (2) Trucks and truck tractors manufactured on or after July 1, 1971. 
Every truck and truck tractor manufactured on or after July 1, 1971, 
except a truck or truck tractor being transported in driveaway-towaway 
operation and having an incomplete vehicle seating and cab 
configuration, must conform to the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle 
Safety Standard No. 208 \1\ (Sec.  571.208) (relating to installation of 
seat belt assemblies) and Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 210 
\1\ (Sec.  571.210) (relating to installation of seat belt assembly 
anchorages).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ See footnote to Sec.  393.93(a).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (3) Trucks and truck tractors manufactured on or after January 1, 
1972. Every truck and truck tractor manufactured on or after January 1, 
1972, except a truck or truck tractor being transported in driveaway-
towaway operation and having an incomplete vehicle seating and cab 
configuration, must conform to the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle 
Safety Standard No. 207 \1\ (Sec.  571.207) (relating to seating 
systems).
    (c) Effective date of standards. Whenever paragraph (a) or (b) of 
this section requires conformity to a Federal Motor Vehicle Safety 
Standard, the vehicle or equipment must conform to the version of the 
Standard that is in effect on the date the vehicle is manufactured or on 
the date the vehicle is modified to conform to the requirements of 
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section, whichever is later.
    (d) Trucks and truck tractors manufactured on or after January 1, 
1965, and before July 1, 1971, and operated in the State of Hawaii, must 
comply with the provisions of paragraph (b) of this section on and after 
January 1, 1976.

[35 FR 16839, Oct. 30, 1970, as amended at 39 FR 32561, Sept. 9, 1974; 
40 FR 32336, Aug. 1, 1975; 72 FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  393.94  Interior noise levels in power units.

    (a) Applicability of this section. The interior noise level 
requirements apply to all trucks, truck-tractors, and buses.
    (b) General rule. The interior sound level at the driver's seating 
position of a motor vehicle must not exceed 90 dB(A) when measured in 
accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
    (c) Test procedure. (1) Park the vehicle at a location so that no 
large reflecting surfaces, such as other vehicles, signboards, 
buildings, or hills, are within 50 feet of the driver's seating 
position.
    (2) Close all vehicle doors, windows, and vents. Turn off all power-
operated accessories.
    (3) Place the driver in his/her normal seated position at the 
vehicle's controls. Evacuate all occupants except the driver and the 
person conducting the test.
    (4) The sound level meters used to determine compliance with the 
requirements of this section must meet the American National Standards 
Institute ``Specification for Sound Level Meters,'' ANSI S1.4--1983. 
(See Sec.  393.7(b) for information on the incorporation by reference 
and availability of this document.)
    (5) Locate the microphone, oriented vertically upward, 6 inches to 
the right of, in the same plane as, and directly in line with, the 
driver's right ear.
    (6) With the vehicle's transmission in neutral gear, accelerate its 
engine to either its maximum governed engine speed, if it is equipped 
with an engine governor, or its speed at its maximum rated horsepower, 
if it is not equipped with an engine governor. Stabilize the engine at 
that speed.

[[Page 608]]

    (7) Observe the A-weighted sound level reading on the meter for the 
stabilized engine speed condition. Record that reading, if the reading 
has not been influenced by extraneous noise sources such as motor 
vehicles operating on adjacent roadways.
    (8) Return the vehicle's engine speed to idle and repeat the 
procedures specified in paragraphs (c) (6) and (7) of this section until 
two maximum sound levels within 2 dB of each other are recorded. 
Numerically average those two maximum sound level readings.
    (9) The average obtained in accordance with paragraph (c)(8) of this 
section is the vehicle's interior sound level at the driver's seating 
position for the purpose of determining whether the vehicle conforms to 
the rule in paragraph (b) of this section. However, a 2 dB tolerance 
over the sound level limitation specified in that paragraph is permitted 
to allow for variations in test conditions and variations in the 
capabilities of meters.
    (10) If the motor vehicle's engine radiator fan drive is equipped 
with a clutch or similar device that automatically either reduces the 
rotational speed of the fan or completely disengages the fan from its 
power source in response to reduced engine cooling loads the vehicle may 
be parked before testing with its engine running at high idle or any 
other speed the operator may choose, for sufficient time but not more 
than 10 minutes, to permit the engine radiator fan to automatically 
disengage.

[38 FR 30881, Nov. 8, 1973, as amended at 40 FR 32336, Aug. 1, 1975; 41 
FR 28268, July 9, 1976; 70 FR 48054, Aug. 15, 2005]



                      Subpart H_Emergency Equipment



Sec.  393.95  Emergency equipment on all power units.

    Each truck, truck tractor, and bus (except those towed in driveaway-
towaway operations) must be equipped as follows:
    (a) Fire extinguishers--(1) Minimum ratings. (i) A power unit that 
is used to transport hazardous materials in a quantity that requires 
placarding (See Sec.  177.823 of this title) must be equipped with a 
fire extinguisher having an Underwriters' Laboratories rating of 10 B:C 
or more.
    (ii) A power unit that is not used to transport hazardous materials 
must be equipped with either:
    (A) A fire extinguisher having an Underwriters' Laboratories rating 
of 5 B:C or more; or
    (B) Two fire extinguishers, each of which has an Underwriters' 
Laboratories rating of 4 B:C or more.
    (2) Labeling and marking. Each fire extinguisher required by this 
section must be labeled or marked by the manufacturer with its 
Underwriters' Laboratories rating.
    (3) Visual Indicators. The fire extinguisher must be designed, 
constructed, and maintained to permit visual determination of whether it 
is fully charged.
    (4) Condition, location, and mounting. The fire extinguisher(s) must 
be filled and located so that it is readily accessible for use. The 
extinguisher(s) must be securely mounted to prevent sliding, rolling, or 
vertical movement relative to the motor vehicle.
    (5) Extinguishing agents. The fire extinguisher must use an 
extinguishing agent that does not need protection from freezing. 
Extinguishing agents must comply with the toxicity provisions of the 
Environmental Protection Agency's Significant New Alternatives Policy 
(SNAP) regulations under 40 CFR Part 82, Subpart G.
    (6) Exception. This paragraph (a) does not apply to the driven unit 
in a driveaway-towaway operation.
    (b) Spare fuses. Power units for which fuses are needed to operate 
any required parts and accessories must have at least one spare fuse for 
each type/size of fuse needed for those parts and accessories.
    (c)-(e) [Reserved]
    (f) Warning devices for stopped vehicles. Except as provided in 
paragraph (g) of this section, one of the following options must be 
used:
    (1) Three bidirectional emergency reflective triangles that conform 
to the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 125, 
Sec.  571.125 of this title; or
    (2) At least 6 fusees or 3 liquid-burning flares. The vehicle must 
have as

[[Page 609]]

many additional fusees or liquid-burning flares as are necessary to 
satisfy the requirements of Sec.  392.22.
    (3) Other warning devices may be used in addition to, but not in 
lieu of, the required warning devices, provided those warning devices do 
not decrease the effectiveness of the required warning devices.
    (g) Restrictions on the use of flame-producing devices. Liquid-
burning flares, fusees, oil lanterns, or any signal produced by a flame 
shall not be carried on any commercial motor vehicle transporting 
Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 (explosives) hazardous materials; any cargo tank 
motor vehicle used for the transportation of Division 2.1 (flammable 
gas) or Class 3 (flammable liquid) hazardous materials whether loaded or 
empty; or any commercial motor vehicle using compressed gas as a motor 
fuel.
    (h)-(i) [Reserved]
    (j) Requirements for fusees and liquid-burning flares. Each fusee 
shall be capable of burning for 30 minutes, and each liquid-burning 
flare shall contain enough fuel to burn continuously for at least 60 
minutes. Fusees and liquid-burning flares shall conform to the 
requirements of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., UL No. 912, Highway 
Emergency Signals, Fourth Edition, July 30, 1979, (with an amendment 
dated November 9, 1981). (See Sec.  393.7 for information on the 
incorporation by reference and availability of this document.) Each 
fusee and liquid-burning flare shall be marked with the UL symbol in 
accordance with the requirements of UL 912.
    (k) Requirements for red flags. Red flags shall be not less than 12 
inches square, with standards adequate to maintain the flags in an 
upright position.

[33 FR 19735, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 35 FR 13019, Aug. 15, 1970; 
35 FR 14619, Sept. 18, 1970; 37 FR 17176, Aug. 25, 1972; 40 FR 10685, 
Mar. 7, 1975; 41 FR 53031, Dec. 3, 1976; 47 FR 47837, Oct. 28, 1982; 59 
FR 34712, July 6, 1994; 67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002; 70 FR 48054, Aug. 
15, 2005; 72 FR 44036, Aug. 7, 2007; 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013; 80 FR 
59075, Oct. 1, 2015]



         Subpart I_Protection Against Shifting and Falling Cargo

    Source: 67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  393.100  Which types of commercial motor vehicles are subject
to the cargo securement standards of this subpart, and what general
requirements apply?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this subpart are applicable to 
trucks, truck tractors, semitrailers, full trailers, and pole trailers.
    (b) Prevention against loss of load. Each commercial motor vehicle 
must, when transporting cargo on public roads, be loaded and equipped, 
and the cargo secured, in accordance with this subpart to prevent the 
cargo from leaking, spilling, blowing or falling from the motor vehicle.
    (c) Prevention against shifting of load. Cargo must be contained, 
immobilized or secured in accordance with this subpart to prevent 
shifting upon or within the vehicle to such an extent that the vehicle's 
stability or maneuverability is adversely affected.



Sec.  393.102  What are the minimum performance criteria for cargo
securement devices and systems?

    (a) Performance criteria--(1) Breaking strength. Tiedown assemblies 
(including chains, wire rope, steel strapping, synthetic webbing, and 
cordage) and other attachment or fastening devices used to secure 
articles of cargo to, or in, commercial motor vehicles must be designed, 
installed, and maintained to ensure that the maximum forces acting on 
the devices or systems do not exceed the manufacturer's breaking 
strength rating under the following conditions, applied separately:
    (i) 0.8 g deceleration in the forward direction;
    (ii) 0.5 g acceleration in the rearward direction; and
    (iii) 0.5 g acceleration in a lateral direction.
    (2) Working Load limit. Tiedown assemblies (including chains, wire 
rope, steel strapping, synthetic webbing, and cordage) and other 
attachment or fastening devices used to secure articles of cargo to, or 
in, commercial motor

[[Page 610]]

vehicles must be designed, installed, and maintained to ensure that the 
forces acting on the devices or systems do not exceed the working load 
limit for the devices under the following conditions, applied 
separately:
    (i) 0.435 g deceleration in the forward direction;
    (ii) 0.5 g acceleration in the rearward direction; and
    (iii) 0.25 g acceleration in a lateral direction.
    (b) Performance criteria for devices to prevent vertical movement of 
loads that are not contained within the structure of the vehicle. 
Securement systems must provide a downward force equivalent to at least 
20 percent of the weight of the article of cargo if the article is not 
fully contained within the structure of the vehicle. If the article is 
fully contained within the structure of the vehicle, it may be secured 
in accordance with Sec.  393.106(b).
    (c) Equivalent means of securement. The means of securing articles 
of cargo are considered to meet the performance requirements of this 
section if the cargo is:
    (1) Immobilized, such so that it cannot shift or tip to the extent 
that the vehicle's stability or maneuverability is adversely affected; 
or
    (2) Transported in a sided vehicle that has walls of adequate 
strength, such that each article of cargo within the vehicle is in 
contact with, or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles, so that 
it cannot shift or tip to the extent that the vehicle's stability or 
maneuverability is adversely affected; or
    (3) Secured in accordance with the applicable requirements of 
Sec. Sec.  393.104 through 393.136.

[71 FR 35832, June 22, 2006, as amended at 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.104  What standards must cargo securement devices and systems
meet in order to satisfy the requirements of this subpart?

    (a) General. All devices and systems used to secure cargo to or 
within a vehicle must be capable of meeting the requirements of Sec.  
393.102.
    (b) Prohibition on the use of damaged securement devices. All 
tiedowns, cargo securement systems, parts and components used to secure 
cargo must be in proper working order when used to perform that function 
with no damaged or weakened components, such as, but not limited to, 
cracks or cuts that will adversely affect their performance for cargo 
securement purposes, including reducing the working load limit.
    (c) Vehicle structures and anchor points. Vehicle structures, 
floors, walls, decks, tiedown anchor points, headerboards, bulkheads, 
stakes, posts, and associated mounting pockets used to contain or secure 
articles of cargo must be strong enough to meet the performance criteria 
of Sec.  393.102, with no damaged or weakened components, such as, but 
not limited to, cracks or cuts that will adversely affect their 
performance for cargo securement purposes, including reducing the 
working load limit.
    (d) Material for dunnage, chocks, cradles, shoring bars, blocking 
and bracing. Material used as dunnage or dunnage bags, chocks, cradles, 
shoring bars, or used for blocking and bracing, must not have damage or 
defects which would compromise the effectiveness of the securement 
system.
    (e) Manufacturing standards for tiedown assemblies. Tiedown 
assemblies (including chains, wire rope, steel strapping, synthetic 
webbing, and cordage) and other attachment or fastening devices used to 
secure articles of cargo to, or in, commercial motor vehicles must 
conform to the following applicable standards:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
   An assembly component of . . .            Must conform to . . .
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Steel strapping \1 2\...........  Standard Specification for
                                       Strapping, Flat Steel and Seals,
                                       American Society for Testing and
                                       Materials (ASTM) D3953-97,
                                       February 1998. \4\
(2) Chain...........................  National Association of Chain
                                       Manufacturers' Welded Steel Chain
                                       Specifications, dated September
                                       28, 2005. \4\
(3) Webbing.........................  Web Sling and Tiedown
                                       Association's Recommended
                                       Standard Specification for
                                       Synthetic Web Tiedowns, WSTDA-T1,
                                       1998. \4\
(4) Wire rope \3\...................  Wire Rope Technical Board's Wire
                                       Rope Users Manual, 2nd Edition,
                                       November 1985. \4\

[[Page 611]]

 
(5) Cordage.........................  Cordage Institute rope standard:
                                         (i) PETRS-2, Polyester Fiber
                                          Rope, three-Strand and eight-
                                          Strand Constructions, January
                                          1993; \4\
                                         (ii) PPRS-2, Polypropylene
                                          Fiber Rope, three-Strand and
                                          eight-Strand Constructions,
                                          August 1992; \4\
                                         (iii) CRS-1, Polyester/
                                          Polypropylene Composite Rope
                                          Specifications, three-Strand
                                          and eight-Strand Standard
                                          Construction, May 1979; \4\
                                         (iv) NRS-1, Nylon Rope
                                          Specifications, three-Strand
                                          and eight-Strand Standard
                                          Construction, May 1979; \4\
                                          and
                                         (v) C-1, Double Braided Nylon
                                          Rope Specifications DBN,
                                          January 1984. \4\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Steel strapping not marked by the manufacturer with a working load
  limit will be considered to have a working load limit equal to one-
  fourth of the breaking strength listed in ASTM D3953-97.
\2\ Steel strapping 25.4 mm (1 inch) or wider must have at least two
  pairs of crimps in each seal and, when an end-over-end lap joint is
  formed, must be sealed with at least two seals.
\3\ Wire rope which is not marked by the manufacturer with a working
  load limit shall be considered to have a working load limit equal to
  one-fourth of the nominal strength listed in the manual.
\4\ See Sec.   393.7 for information on the incorporation by reference
  and availability of this document.

    (f) Use of tiedowns. (1) Tiedowns and securing devices must not 
contain knots.
    (2) If a tiedown is repaired, it must be repaired in accordance with 
the applicable standards in paragraph (e) of this section, or the 
manufacturer's instructions.
    (3) Each tiedown must be attached and secured in a manner that 
prevents it from becoming loose, unfastening, opening or releasing while 
the vehicle is in transit.
    (4) Edge protection must be used whenever a tiedown would be subject 
to abrasion or cutting at the point where it touches an article of 
cargo. The edge protection must resist abrasion, cutting and crushing.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35833, June 22, 2006]



Sec.  393.106  What are the general requirements for securing articles of cargo?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section are applicable to the 
transportation of all types of articles of cargo, except commodities in 
bulk that lack structure or fixed shape (e.g., liquids, gases, grain, 
liquid concrete, sand, gravel, aggregates) and are transported in a 
tank, hopper, box, or similar device that forms part of the structure of 
a commercial motor vehicle. The rules in this section apply to the cargo 
types covered by the commodity-specific rules of Sec.  393.116 through 
Sec.  393.136. The commodity-specific rules take precedence over the 
general requirements of this section when additional requirements are 
given for a commodity listed in those sections.
    (b) General. Cargo must be firmly immobilized or secured on or 
within a vehicle by structures of adequate strength, dunnage or dunnage 
bags, shoring bars, tiedowns or a combination of these.
    (c) Cargo placement and restraint. (1) Articles of cargo that are 
likely to roll must be restrained by chocks, wedges, a cradle or other 
equivalent means to prevent rolling. The means of preventing rolling 
must not be capable of becoming unintentionally unfastened or loose 
while the vehicle is in transit.
    (2) Articles or cargo placed beside each other and secured by 
transverse tiedowns must either:
    (i) Be placed in direct contact with each other, or
    (ii) Be prevented from shifting towards each other while in transit.
    (d) Aggregate working load limit for tiedowns. The aggregate working 
load limit of tiedowns used to secure an article or group of articles 
against movement must be at least one-half times the weight of the 
article or group of articles. The aggregate working load limit is the 
sum of:
    (1) One-half the working load limit of each tiedown that goes from 
an anchor point on the vehicle to an anchor point on an article of 
cargo;
    (2) One-half the working load limit of each tiedown that is attached 
to an anchor point on the vehicle, passes through, over, or around the 
article of cargo, and is then attached to an anchor point on the same 
side of the vehicle.

[[Page 612]]

    (3) The working load limit for each tiedown that goes from an anchor 
point on the vehicle, through, over, or around the article of cargo, and 
then attaches to another anchor point on the other side of the vehicle.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 68 FR 56208, Sept. 30, 2003; 
71 FR 35833, June 22, 2006]



Sec.  393.108  How is the working load limit of a tiedown, or the load 
restraining value of a friction mat, determined?

    (a) The working load limit (WLL) of a tiedown, associated connector 
or attachment mechanism is the lowest working load limit of any of its 
components (including tensioner), or the working load limit of the 
anchor points to which it is attached, whichever is less.
    (b) The working load limits of tiedowns may be determined by using 
either the tiedown manufacturer's markings or by using the tables in 
this section. The working load limits listed in the tables are to be 
used when the tiedown material is not marked by the manufacturer with 
the working load limit. Tiedown materials which are marked by the 
manufacturer with working load limits that differ from the tables, shall 
be considered to have a working load limit equal to the value for which 
they are marked.
    (c) Synthetic cordage (e.g., nylon, polypropylene, polyester) which 
is not marked or labeled to enable identification of its composition or 
working load limit shall be considered to have a working load limit 
equal to that for polypropylene fiber rope.
    (d) Welded steel chain which is not marked or labeled to enable 
identification of its grade or working load limit shall be considered to 
have a working load limit equal to that for grade 30 proof coil chain.
    (e)(1) Wire rope which is not marked by the manufacturer with a 
working load limit shall be considered to have a working load limit 
equal to one-fourth of the nominal strength listed in the Wire Rope 
Users Manual.
    (2) Wire which is not marked or labeled to enable identification of 
its construction type shall be considered to have a working load limit 
equal to that for 6 x 37, fiber core wire rope.
    (f) Manila rope which is not marked by the manufacturer with a 
working load limit shall be considered to have a working load limit 
based on its diameter as provided in the tables of working load limits.
    (g) Friction mats which are not marked or rated by the manufacturer 
shall be considered to provide resistance to horizontal movement equal 
to 50 percent of the weight placed on the mat.

                                                                Tables to Sec.   393.108
                                                           [Working Load Limits (WLL), Chain]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                   WLL in kg (pounds)
                                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Size mm (inches)                          Grade 30 proof     Grade 43 high       Grade 70
                                                                      coil              test            transport      Grade 80 alloy    Grade 100 alloy
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. 7 (1/4)....................................................       580 (1,300)     1,180 (2,600)     1,430 (3,150)     1,570 (3,500)     1,950 (4,300)
2. 8 (5/16)...................................................       860 (1,900)     1,770 (3,900)     2,130 (4,700)     2,000 (4,500)     2,600 (5,700)
3. 10 (3/8)...................................................     1,200 (2,650)     2,450 (5,400)     2,990 (6,600)     3,200 (7,100)     4,000 (8,800)
4. 11 (7/16)..................................................     1,680 (3,700)     3,270 (7,200)     3,970 (8,750)
5. 13 (1/2)...................................................     2,030 (4,500)     4,170 (9,200)    5,130 (11,300)    5,400 (12,000)    6,800 (15,000)
6. 16 (5/8)...................................................     3,130 (6,900)    5,910 (13,000)    7,170 (15,800)    8,200 (18,100)   10,300 (22,600)
Chain Mark Examples:
    Example 1.................................................                 3                 4                 7                 8                10
    Example 2.................................................                30                43                70                80               100
    Example 3.................................................               300               430               700               800              1000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                            Synthetic Webbing
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Width mm (inches)                     WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
45 (1\3/4\)...........................................       790 (1,750)
50 (2)................................................       910 (2,000)
75 (3)................................................     1,360 (3,000)
100 (4)...............................................     1,810 (4,000)
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                     Wire Rope (6 x 37, Fiber Core)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Diameter mm (inches)                    WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 (1/4)...............................................       640 (1,400)
8 (5/16)..............................................       950 (2,100)
10 (3/8)..............................................     1,360 (3,000)
11 (7/16).............................................     1,860 (4,100)
13 (1/2)..............................................     2,400 (5,300)

[[Page 613]]

 
16 (5/8)..............................................     3,770 (8,300)
20 (3/4)..............................................    4,940 (10,900)
22 (7/8)..............................................    7,300 (16,100)
25 (1)................................................    9,480 (20,900)
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                               Manila Rope
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Diameter mm (inches)                    WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 (3/8)..............................................          90 (205)
11 (7/16).............................................         120 (265)
13 (1/2)..............................................         150 (315)
16 (5/8)..............................................         210 (465)
20 (3/4)..............................................         290 (640)
25 (1)................................................       480 (1,050)
------------------------------------------------------------------------


   Polypropylene Fiber Rope WLL (3-Strand and 8-Strand Constructions)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Diameter mm (inches)                    WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 (3/8)..............................................         180 (400)
11 (7/16).............................................         240 (525)
13 (1/2)..............................................         280 (625)
16 (5/8)..............................................         420 (925)
20 (3/4)..............................................       580 (1,275)
25 (1)................................................       950 (2,100)
------------------------------------------------------------------------


     Polyester Fiber Rope WLL (3-Strand and 8-Strand Constructions)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Diameter mm (inches)                    WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 (3/8)..............................................         250 (555)
11 (7/16).............................................         340 (750)
13 (1/2)..............................................         440 (960)
16 (5/8)..............................................       680 (1,500)
20 (3/4)..............................................       850 (1,880)
25 (1)................................................     1,500 (3,300)
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                               Nylon Rope
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Diameter mm (inches)                    WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 (3/8)..............................................         130 (278)
11 (7/16).............................................         190 (410)
13 (1/2)..............................................         240 (525)
16 (5/8)..............................................         420 (935)
20 (3/4)..............................................       640 (1,420)
25 (1)................................................     1,140 (2,520)
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                        Double Braided Nylon Rope
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Diameter mm (inches)                    WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 (3/8)..............................................         150 (336)
11 (7/16).............................................         230 (502)
13 (1/2)..............................................         300 (655)
16 (5/8)..............................................       510 (1,130)
20 (3/4)..............................................       830 (1,840)
25 (1)................................................     1,470 (3,250)
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                             Steel Strapping
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Width x thickness mm (inches)               WLL kg (pounds)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31.7 x .74 (1\1/4\ x 0.029)...........................       540 (1,190)
31.7 x .79 (1\1/4\ x 0.031)...........................       540 (1,190)
31.7 x .89 (1\1/4\ x 0.035)...........................       540 (1,190)
31.7 x 1.12 (1\1/4\ x 0.044)..........................       770 (1,690)
31.7 x 1.27 (1\1/4\ x 0.05)...........................       770 (1,690)
31.7 x 1.5 (1\1/4\ x 0.057)...........................       870 (1,925)
50.8 x 1.12 (2 x 0.044)...............................     1,200 (2,650)
50.8 x 1.27 (2 x 0.05)................................     1,200 (2,650)
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec.  393.110  What else do I have to do to determine the minimum
number of tiedowns?

    (a) When tiedowns are used as part of a cargo securement system, the 
minimum number of tiedowns required to secure an article or group of 
articles against movement depends on the length of the article(s) being 
secured, and the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section. 
These requirements are in addition to the rules under Sec.  393.106.
    (b) When an article is not blocked or positioned to prevent movement 
in the forward direction by a headerboard, bulkhead, other cargo that is 
positioned to prevent movement, or other appropriate blocking devices, 
it must be secured by at least:
    (1) One tiedown for articles 5 feet (1.52 meters) or less in length, 
and 1,100 pounds (500 kg) or less in weight;
    (2) Two tiedowns if the article is:
    (i) 5 feet (1.52 meters) or less in length and more than 1,100 
pounds (500 kg) in weight; or
    (ii) Longer than 5 feet (1.52 meters) but less than or equal to 10 
feet (3.04 meters) in length, irrespective of the weight.
    (3) Two tiedowns if the article is longer than 10 feet (3.04 
meters), and one additional tiedown for every 10 feet (3.04 meters) of 
article length, or fraction thereof, beyond the first 10 feet (3.04 
meters) of length.
    (c) If an individual article is blocked, braced, or immobilized to 
prevent movement in the forward direction by a headerboard, bulkhead, 
other articles which are adequately secured or by an appropriate 
blocking or immobilization method, it must be secured by at least one 
tiedown for every 3.04 meters (10 feet) of article length, or fraction 
thereof.
    (d) Special rule for special purpose vehicles. The rules in this 
section do not

[[Page 614]]

apply to a vehicle transporting one or more articles of cargo such as, 
but not limited to, machinery or fabricated structural items (e.g., 
steel or concrete beams, crane booms, girders, and trusses, etc.) which, 
because of their design, size, shape, or weight, must be fastened by 
special methods. However, any article of cargo carried on that vehicle 
must be securely and adequately fastened to the vehicle.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35833, June 22, 2006]



Sec.  393.112  Must a tiedown be adjustable?

    Each tiedown, or its associated connectors, or its attachment 
mechanisms must be designed, constructed, and maintained so the driver 
of an in-transit commercial motor vehicle can tighten them. However, 
this requirement does not apply to the use of steel strapping.



Sec.  393.114  What are the requirements for front end structures used
as part of a cargo securement system?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section are applicable to 
commercial motor vehicles transporting articles of cargo that are in 
contact with the front end structure of the vehicle. The front end 
structure on these cargo-carrying vehicles must meet the performance 
requirements of this section.
    (b) Height and width. (1) The front end structure must extend either 
to a height of 4 feet above the floor of the vehicle or to a height at 
which it blocks forward movement of any item or article of cargo being 
carried on the vehicle, whichever is lower.
    (2) The front end structure must have a width which is at least 
equal to the width of the vehicle or which blocks forward movement of 
any article of cargo being transported on the vehicle, whichever is 
narrower.
    (c) Strength. The front end structure must be capable of 
withstanding the following horizontal forward static load:
    (1) For a front end structure less than 6 feet in height, a 
horizontal forward static load equal to one-half (0.5) of the weight of 
the articles of cargo being transported on the vehicle uniformly 
distributed over the entire portion of the front end structure that is 
within 4 feet above the vehicle's floor or that is at or below a height 
above the vehicle's floor at which it blocks forward movement of any 
article of the vehicle's cargo, whichever is less; or
    (2) For a front end structure 6 feet in height or higher, a 
horizontal forward static load equal to four-tenths (0.4) of the weight 
of the articles of cargo being transported on the vehicle uniformly 
distributed over the entire front end structure.
    (d) Penetration resistance. The front end structure must be 
designed, constructed, and maintained so that it is capable of resisting 
penetration by any article of cargo that contacts it when the vehicle 
decelerates at a rate of 20 feet per second, per second. The front end 
structure must have no aperture large enough to permit any article of 
cargo in contact with the structure to pass through it.
    (e) Substitute devices. The requirements of this section may be met 
by the use of devices performing the same functions as a front end 
structure, if the devices are at least as strong as, and provide 
protection against shifting articles of cargo at least equal to, a front 
end structure which conforms to those requirements.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35833, June 22, 2006]

           Specific Securement Requirements by Commodity Type



Sec.  393.116  What are the rules for securing logs?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section are applicable to the 
transportation of logs with the following exceptions:
    (1) Logs that are unitized by banding or other comparable means may 
be transported in accordance with the general cargo securement rules of 
Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (2) Loads that consist of no more than four processed logs may be 
transported in accordance with the general cargo securement rules of 
Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (3) Firewood, stumps, log debris and other such short logs must be 
transported in a vehicle or container enclosed on both sides, front, and 
rear

[[Page 615]]

and of adequate strength to contain them. Longer logs may also be so 
loaded.
    (b) Components of a securement system. (1) Logs must be transported 
on a vehicle designed and built, or adapted, for the transportation of 
logs. Any such vehicle must be fitted with bunks, bolsters, stakes or 
standards, or other equivalent means, that cradle the logs and prevent 
them from rolling.
    (2) All vehicle components involved in securement of logs must be 
designed and built to withstand all anticipated operational forces 
without failure, accidental release or permanent deformation. Stakes or 
standards that are not permanently attached to the vehicle must be 
secured in a manner that prevents unintentional separation from the 
vehicle in transit.
    (3) Tiedowns must be used in combination with the stabilization 
provided by bunks, stakes, and bolsters to secure the load unless the 
logs:
    (i) are transported in a crib-type log trailer (as defined in 49 CFR 
393.5), and
    (ii) are loaded in compliance with paragraphs (b)(2) and (c) of this 
section.
    (4) The aggregate working load limit for tiedowns used to secure a 
stack of logs on a frame vehicle, or a flatbed vehicle equipped with 
bunks, bolsters, or stakes must be at least one-sixth the weight of the 
stack of logs.
    (c) Use of securement system. (1) Logs must be solidly packed, and 
the outer bottom logs must be in contact with and resting solidly 
against the bunks, bolsters, stakes or standards.
    (2) Each outside log on the side of a stack of logs must touch at 
least two stakes, bunks, bolsters, or standards. If one end does not 
actually touch a stake, it must rest on other logs in a stable manner 
and must extend beyond the stake, bunk, bolster or standard.
    (3) The center of the highest outside log on each side or end must 
be below the top of each stake, bunk or standard.
    (4) Each log that is not held in place by contact with other logs or 
the stakes, bunks, or standards must be held in place by a tiedown. 
Additional tiedowns or securement devices must be used when the 
condition of the wood results in such low friction between logs that 
they are likely to slip upon each other.
    (d) Securement of shortwood logs loaded crosswise on frame, rail and 
flatbed vehicles. In addition to the requirements of paragraphs (b) and 
(c) of this section, each stack of logs loaded crosswise must meet the 
following rules:
    (1) In no case may the end of a log in the lower tier extend more 
than one-third of the log's total length beyond the nearest supporting 
structure on the vehicle.
    (2) When only one stack of shortwood is loaded crosswise, it must be 
secured with at least two tiedowns. The tiedowns must attach to the 
vehicle frame at the front and rear of the load, and must cross the load 
in this direction.
    (3) When two tiedowns are used, they must be positioned at 
approximately one-third and two-thirds of the length of the logs.
    (4) A vehicle that is more than 10 meters (33 feet) long must be 
equipped with center stakes, or comparable devices, to divide it into 
sections approximately equal in length. Where a vehicle is so divided, 
each tiedown must secure the highest log on each side of the center 
stake, and must be fastened below these logs. It may be fixed at each 
end and tensioned from the middle, or fixed in the middle and tensioned 
from each end, or it may pass through a pulley or equivalent device in 
the middle and be tensioned from one end.
    (5) Any structure or stake that is subjected to an upward force when 
the tiedowns are tensioned must be anchored to resist that force.
    (6) If two stacks of shortwood are loaded side-by-side, in addition 
to meeting the requirements of paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(5) of this 
section, they must be loaded so that:
    (i) There is no space between the two stacks of logs;
    (ii) The outside of each stack is raised at least 2.5 cm (1 in) 
within 10 cm (4 in) of the end of the logs or the side of the vehicle;
    (iii) The highest log is no more than 2.44 m (8 ft) above the deck; 
and
    (iv) At least one tiedown is used lengthwise across each stack of 
logs.

[[Page 616]]

    (e) Securement of logs loaded lengthwise on flatbed and frame 
vehicles--(1) Shortwood. In addition to meeting the requirements of 
paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, each stack of shortwood loaded 
lengthwise on a frame vehicle or on a flatbed must be cradled in a bunk 
unit or contained by stakes and
    (i) Secured to the vehicle by at least two tiedowns, or
    (ii) If all the logs in any stack are blocked in the front by a 
front-end structure strong enough to restrain the load, or by another 
stack of logs, and blocked in the rear by another stack of logs or 
vehicle end structure, the stack may be secured with one tiedown. If one 
tiedown is used, it must be positioned about midway between the stakes, 
or
    (iii) Be bound by at least two tiedown-type devices such as wire 
rope, used as wrappers that encircle the entire load at locations along 
the load that provide effective securement. If wrappers are being used 
to bundle the logs together, the wrappers are not required to be 
attached to the vehicle.
    (2) Longwood. Longwood must be cradled in two or more bunks and must 
either:
    (i) Be secured to the vehicle by at least two tiedowns at locations 
that provide effective securement, or
    (ii) Be bound by at least two tiedown-type devices, such as wire 
rope, used as wrappers that encircle the entire load at locations along 
the load that provide effective securement. If a wrapper(s) is being 
used to bundle the logs together, the wrapper is not required to be 
attached to the vehicle.
    (f) Securement of logs transported on pole trailers. (1) The load 
must be secured by at least one tiedown at each bunk, or alternatively, 
by at least two tiedowns used as wrappers that encircle the entire load 
at locations along the load that provide effective securement.
    (2) The front and rear wrappers must be at least 3.04 meters (10 
feet) apart.
    (3) Large diameter single and double log loads must be immobilized 
with chock blocks or other equivalent means to prevent shifting.
    (4) Large diameter logs that rise above bunks must be secured to the 
underlying load with at least two additional wrappers.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35833, June 22, 2006]



Sec.  393.118  What are the rules for securing dressed lumber or similar
building products?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of bundles of dressed lumber, packaged lumber, building 
products such as plywood, gypsum board or other materials of similar 
shape. Lumber or building products which are not bundled or packaged 
must be treated as loose items and transported in accordance with 
Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114 of this subpart. For the purpose of 
this section, ``bundle'' refers to packages of lumber, building 
materials or similar products which are unitized for securement as a 
single article of cargo.
    (b) Positioning of bundles. Bundles must be placed side by side in 
direct contact with each other, or a means must be provided to prevent 
bundles from shifting towards each other.
    (c) Securement of bundles transported using no more than one tier. 
Bundles carried on one tier must be secured in accordance with the 
general provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (d) Securement of bundles transported using more than one tier. 
Bundles carried in more than one tier must be either:
    (1) Blocked against lateral movement by stakes on the sides of the 
vehicle and secured by tiedowns laid out over the top tier, as outlined 
in the general provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114; or
    (2) Restrained from lateral movement by blocking or high friction 
devices between tiers and secured by tiedowns laid out over the top 
tier, as outlined in the general provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 
through 393.114; or
    (3) Placed directly on top of other bundles or on spacers and 
secured in accordance with the following:
    (i) The length of spacers between bundles must provide support to 
all pieces in the bottom row of the bundle.
    (ii) The width of individual spacers must be equal to or greater 
than the height.

[[Page 617]]

    (iii) If spacers are comprised of layers of material, the layers 
must be unitized or fastened together in a manner which ensures that the 
spacer performs as a single piece of material.
    (iv) The arrangement of the tiedowns for the bundles must be:
    (A) Secured by tiedowns over the top tier of bundles, in accordance 
with the general provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114 with a 
minimum of two tiedowns for bundles longer than 1.52 meters (5 ft); and
    (B) Secured by tiedowns as follows:
    (1) If there are 3 tiers, the middle and top bundles must be secured 
by tiedowns in accordance with the general provisions of Sec. Sec.  
393.100 through 393.114; or
    (2)(i) If there are more than 3 tiers, then one of the middle 
bundles and the top bundle must be secured by tiedown devices in 
accordance with the general provision of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 
393.114, and the maximum height for the middle tier that must be secured 
may not exceed 6 feet above the deck of the trailer; or
    (ii) Otherwise, the second tier from the bottom must be secured in 
accordance with the general provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 
393.114; or
    (4) Secured by tiedowns over each tier of bundles, in accordance 
with Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114 using a minimum of two tiedowns 
over each of the top bundles longer than 1.52 meters (5 ft), in all 
circumstances; or
    (e) When loaded in a sided vehicle or container of adequate 
strength, dressed lumber or similar building products may be secured in 
accordance with the general provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 
393.114.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35834, June 22, 2006; 
78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.120  What are the rules for securing metal coils?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of one or more metal coils which, individually or grouped 
together, weigh 2268 kg (5000 pounds) or more. Shipments of metal coils 
that weigh less than 2268 kg (5000 pounds) may be secured in accordance 
with the provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (b) Securement of coils transported with eyes vertical on a flatbed 
vehicle, in a sided vehicle or in an intermodal container with anchor 
points--(1) An individual coil. Each coil must be secured by tiedowns 
arranged in a manner to prevent the coils from tipping in the forward, 
rearward, and lateral directions. The restraint system must include the 
following:
    (i) At least one tiedown attached diagonally from the left side of 
the vehicle or intermodal container (near the forwardmost part of the 
coil), across the eye of the coil, to the right side of the vehicle or 
intermodal container (near the rearmost part of the coil);
    (ii) At least one tiedown attached diagonally from the right side of 
the vehicle or intermodal container (near the forwardmost part of the 
coil), across the eye of the coil, to the left side of the vehicle or 
intermodal container (near the rearmost part of the coil);
    (iii) At least one tiedown attached transversely over the eye of the 
coil; and
    (iv) Either blocking and bracing, friction mats or tiedowns to 
prevent longitudinal movement in the forward direction.
    (2) Coils grouped in rows. When coils are grouped and loaded side by 
side in a transverse or longitudinal row, then each row of coils must be 
secured by the following:
    (i) At least one tiedown attached to the front of the row of coils, 
restraining against forward motion, and whenever practicable, making an 
angle no more than 45 degrees with the floor of the vehicle or 
intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or 
container;
    (ii) At least one tiedown attached to the rear of the row of coils, 
restraining against rearward motion, and whenever practicable, making an 
angle no more than 45 degrees with the floor of the vehicle or 
intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or 
container;
    (iii) At least one tiedown over the top of each coil or transverse 
row of coils, restraining against vertical motion. Tiedowns going over 
the top of a coil(s) must be as close as practicable to the

[[Page 618]]

eye of the coil and positioned to prevent the tiedown from slipping or 
becoming unintentionally unfastened while the vehicle is in transit; and
    (iv) Tiedowns must be arranged to prevent shifting or tipping in the 
forward, rearward and lateral directions.
    (c) Securement of coils transported with eyes crosswise on a flatbed 
vehicle, in a sided vehicle or in an intermodal container with anchor 
points--(1) An individual coil. Each coil must be secured by the 
following:
    (i) A means (e.g., timbers, chocks or wedges, a cradle, etc.) to 
prevent the coil from rolling. The means of preventing rolling must 
support the coil off the deck, and must not be capable of becoming 
unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. If 
timbers, chocks or wedges are used, they must be held in place by coil 
bunks or similar devices to prevent them from coming loose. The use of 
nailed blocking or cleats as the sole means to secure timbers, chocks or 
wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is prohibited;
    (ii) At least one tiedown through its eye, restricting against 
forward motion, and whenever practicable, making an angle no more than 
45 degrees with the floor of the vehicle or intermodal container when 
viewed from the side of the vehicle or container; and
    (iii) At least one tiedown through its eye, restricting against 
rearward motion, and whenever practicable, making an angle no more than 
45 degrees with the floor of the vehicle or intermodal container when 
viewed from the side of the vehicle or container.
    (2) Prohibition on crossing of tiedowns when coils are transported 
with eyes crosswise. Attaching tiedowns diagonally through the eye of a 
coil to form an X-pattern when viewed from above the vehicle is 
prohibited.
    (d) Securement of coils transported with eyes lengthwise on a 
flatbed vehicle, in a sided vehicle or in an intermodal container with 
anchor points--(1) An individual coil-option 1. Each coil must be 
secured by:
    (i) A means (e.g., timbers, chocks or wedges, a cradle, etc.) to 
prevent the coil from rolling. The means of preventing rolling must 
support the coil off the deck, and must not be capable of becoming 
unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. If 
timbers, chocks or wedges are used, they must be held in place by coil 
bunks or similar devices to prevent them from coming loose. The use of 
nailed blocking or cleats as the sole means to secure timbers, chocks or 
wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is prohibited;
    (ii) At least one tiedown attached diagonally through its eye from 
the left side of the vehicle or intermodal container (near the forward-
most part of the coil), to the right side of the vehicle or intermodal 
container (near the rearmost part of the coil), making an angle no more 
than 45 degrees, whenever practicable, with the floor of the vehicle or 
intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or 
container;
    (iii) At least one tiedown attached diagonally through its eye, from 
the right side of the vehicle or intermodal container (near the forward-
most part of the coil), to the left side of the vehicle or intermodal 
container (near the rearmost part of the coil), making an angle no more 
than 45 degrees, whenever practicable, with the floor of the vehicle or 
intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or 
container;
    (iv) At least one tiedown attached transversely over the top of the 
coil; and
    (v) Either blocking or friction mats to prevent longitudinal 
movement.
    (2) An individual coil--option 2. Each coil must be secured by:
    (i) A means (e.g., timbers, chocks or wedges, a cradle, etc.) to 
prevent the coil from rolling. The means of preventing rolling must 
support the coil off the deck, and must not be capable of becoming 
unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. If 
timbers, chocks or wedges are used, they must be held in place by coil 
bunks or similar devices to prevent them from coming loose. The use of 
nailed blocking or cleats as the sole means to secure timbers, chocks or 
wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is prohibited;
    (ii) At least one tiedown attached straight through its eye from the 
left

[[Page 619]]

side of the vehicle or intermodal container (near the forward-most part 
of the coil), to the left side of the vehicle or intermodal container 
(near the rearmost part of the coil), and, whenever practicable, making 
an angle no more than 45 degrees with the floor of the vehicle or 
intermodal container when viewed from the side of the vehicle or 
container;
    (iii) At least one tiedown attached straight through its eye, from 
the right side of the vehicle or intermodal container (near the forward-
most part of the coil), to the right side of the vehicle or intermodal 
container (near the rearmost part of the coil), and whenever 
practicable, making an angle no more than 45 degrees with the floor of 
the vehicle or intermodal container when viewed from the side of the 
vehicle or container;
    (iv) At least one tiedown attached transversely over the top of the 
coil; and
    (v) Either blocking or friction mats to prevent longitudinal 
movement.
    (3) An individual coil--option 3. Each coil must be secured by:
    (i) A means (e.g., timbers, chocks or wedges, a cradle, etc.) to 
prevent the coil from rolling. The means of preventing rolling must 
support the coil off the deck, and must not be capable of becoming 
unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit. If 
timbers, chocks or wedges are used, they must be held in place by coil 
bunks or similar devices to prevent them from coming loose. The use of 
nailed blocking or cleats as the sole means to secure timbers, chocks or 
wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is prohibited;
    (ii) At least one tiedown over the top of the coil, located near the 
forward-most part of the coil;
    (iii) At least one tiedown over the top of the coil located near the 
rearmost part of the coil; and
    (iv) Either blocking or friction mats to prevent longitudinal 
movement.
    (4) Rows of coils. Each transverse row of coils having approximately 
equal outside diameters must be secured with:
    (i) A means (e.g., timbers, chocks or wedges, a cradle, etc.) to 
prevent each coil in the row of coils from rolling. The means of 
preventing rolling must support each coil off the deck, and must not be 
capable of becoming unintentionally unfastened or loose while the 
vehicle is in transit. If timbers, chocks or wedges are used, they must 
be held in place by coil bunks or similar devices to prevent them from 
coming loose. The use of nailed blocking or cleats as the sole means to 
secure timbers, chocks or wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is 
prohibited;
    (ii) At least one tiedown over the top of each coil or transverse 
row, located near the forward-most part of the coil;
    (iii) At least one tiedown over the top of each coil or transverse 
row, located near the rearmost part of the coil; and
    (iv) Either blocking, bracing or friction mats to prevent 
longitudinal movement.
    (e) Securement of coils transported in a sided vehicle without 
anchor points or an intermodal container without anchor points. Metal 
coils transported in a vehicle with sides without anchor points or an 
intermodal container without anchor points must be loaded in a manner to 
prevent shifting and tipping. The coils may also be secured using a 
system of blocking and bracing, friction mats, tiedowns, or a 
combination of these to prevent any horizontal movement and tipping.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.122  What are the rules for securing paper rolls?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to shipments of 
paper rolls which, individually or together, weigh 2268 kg (5000 lb) or 
more. Shipments of paper rolls that weigh less than 2268 kg (5000 lb), 
and paper rolls that are unitized on a pallet, may either be secured in 
accordance with the rules in this section or the requirements of 
Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (b) Securement of paper rolls transported with eyes vertical in a 
sided vehicle. (1) Paper rolls must be placed tightly against the walls 
of the vehicle, other paper rolls, or other cargo, to prevent movement 
during transit.
    (2) If there are not enough paper rolls in the shipment to reach the 
walls of the vehicle, lateral movement must be prevented by filling the 
void, blocking,

[[Page 620]]

bracing, tiedowns or friction mats. The paper rolls may also be banded 
together.
    (3) When any void behind a group of paper rolls, including that at 
the rear of the vehicle, exceeds the diameter of the paper rolls, 
rearward movement must be prevented by friction mats, blocking, bracing, 
tiedowns, or banding to other rolls.
    (4)(i) If a paper roll is not prevented from tipping or falling 
sideways or rearwards by vehicle structure or other cargo, and its width 
is more than 2 times its diameter, it must be prevented from tipping or 
falling by banding it to other rolls, bracing, or tiedowns.
    (ii) If the forwardmost roll(s) in a group of paper rolls has a 
width greater than 1.75 times its diameter and it is not prevented from 
tipping or falling forwards by vehicle structure or other cargo, then it 
must be prevented from tipping or falling forwards by banding it to 
other rolls, bracing, or tiedowns.
    (iii) If the forwardmost roll(s) in a group of paper rolls has a 
width equal to or less than 1.75 times its diameter, and it is 
restrained against forward movement by friction mat(s) alone, then 
banding, bracing, or tiedowns are not required to prevent tipping or 
falling forwards.
    (iv) If a paper roll or the forwardmost roll in a group of paper 
rolls has a width greater than 1.25 times its diameter, and it is not 
prevented from tipping or falling forwards by vehicle structure or other 
cargo, and it is not restrained against forward movement by friction 
mat(s) alone, then it must be prevented from tipping or falling by 
banding it to other rolls, bracing or tiedowns.
    (5) If paper rolls are banded together, the rolls must be placed 
tightly against each other to form a stable group. The bands must be 
applied tightly, and must be secured so that they cannot fall off the 
rolls or to the deck.
    (6) A friction mat used to provide the principal securement for a 
paper roll must protrude from beneath the roll in the direction in which 
it is providing that securement.
    (c) Securement of split loads of paper rolls transported with eyes 
vertical in a sided vehicle. (1) If a paper roll in a split load is not 
prevented from forward movement by vehicle structure or other cargo, it 
must be prevented from forward movement by filling the open space, or by 
blocking, bracing, tiedowns, friction mats, or some combination of 
these.
    (2) A friction mat used to provide the principal securement for a 
paper roll must protrude from beneath the roll in the direction in which 
it is providing that securement.
    (d) Securement of stacked loads of paper rolls transported with eyes 
vertical in a sided vehicle. (1) Paper rolls must not be loaded on a 
layer of paper rolls beneath unless the lower layer extends to the front 
of the vehicle.
    (2) Paper rolls in the second and subsequent layers must be 
prevented from forward, rearward or lateral movement by means as allowed 
for the bottom layer, or by use of a blocking roll from a lower layer.
    (3) The blocking roll must be at least 38 mm (1.5 in) taller than 
other rolls, or must be raised at least 38 mm (1.5 in) using dunnage.
    (4) A roll in the rearmost row of any layer raised using dunnage may 
not be secured by friction mats alone.
    (e) Securement of paper rolls transported with eyes crosswise in a 
sided vehicle. (1) The paper rolls must be prevented from rolling or 
shifting longitudinally by contact with vehicle structure or other 
cargo, by chocks, wedges or blocking and bracing of adequate size, or by 
tiedowns.
    (2) Chocks, wedges or blocking must be held securely in place by 
some means in addition to friction, so they cannot become 
unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit.
    (3) The rearmost roll must not be secured using the rear doors of 
the vehicle or intermodal container, or by blocking held in place by 
those doors.
    (4) If there is more than a total of 203 mm (8 in) of space between 
the ends of a paper roll, or a row of rolls, and the walls of the 
vehicle, void fillers, blocking, bracing, friction mats, or tiedowns 
must be used to prevent the roll from shifting towards either wall.
    (f) Securement of stacked loads of paper rolls transported with eyes 
crosswise in a

[[Page 621]]

sided vehicle. (1) Rolls must not be loaded in a second layer unless the 
bottom layer extends to the front of the vehicle.
    (2) Rolls must not be loaded in a third or higher layer unless all 
wells in the layer beneath are filled.
    (3) The foremost roll in each upper layer, or any roll with an empty 
well in front of it, must be secured against forward movement by:
    (i) Banding it to other rolls, or
    (ii) Blocking against an adequately secured eye-vertical blocking 
roll resting on the floor of the vehicle which is at least 1.5 times 
taller than the diameter of the roll being blocked, or
    (iii) Placing it in a well formed by two rolls on the lower row 
whose diameter is equal to or greater than that of the roll on the upper 
row.
    (4) The rearmost roll in each upper layer must be secured by banding 
it to other rolls if it is located in either of the last two wells 
formed by the rearmost rolls in the layer below.
    (5) Rolls must be secured against lateral movement by the same means 
allowed for the bottom layer when there is more than a total of 203 mm 
(8 in) of space between the ends of a paper roll, or a row of rolls, and 
the walls of the vehicle.
    (g) Securement of paper rolls transported with the eyes lengthwise 
in a sided vehicle. (1) Each roll must be prevented from forward 
movement by contact with vehicle structure, other cargo, blocking or 
tiedowns.
    (2) Each roll must be prevented from rearward movement by contact 
with other cargo, blocking, friction mats or tiedowns.
    (3) The paper rolls must be prevented from rolling or shifting 
laterally by contact with the wall of the vehicle or other cargo, or by 
chocks, wedges or blocking of adequate size.
    (4) Chocks, wedges or blocking must be held securely in place by 
some means in addition to friction, so they cannot become 
unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit.
    (h) Securement of stacked loads of paper rolls transported with the 
eyes lengthwise in a sided vehicle. (1) Rolls must not be loaded in a 
higher layer if another roll will fit in the layer beneath.
    (2) An upper layer must be formed by placing paper rolls in the 
wells formed by the rolls beneath.
    (3) A roll in an upper layer must be secured against forward and 
rearward movement by any of the means allowed for the bottom layer, by 
use of a blocking roll, or by banding to other rolls.
    (i) Securement of paper rolls transported on a flatbed vehicle or in 
a curtain-sided vehicle--(1) Paper rolls with eyes vertical or with eyes 
lengthwise. (i) The paper rolls must be loaded and secured as described 
for a sided vehicle, and the entire load must be secured by tiedowns in 
accordance with the requirements of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (ii) Stacked loads of paper rolls with eyes vertical are prohibited.
    (2) Paper rolls with eyes crosswise. (i) The paper rolls must be 
prevented from rolling or shifting longitudinally by contact with 
vehicle structure or other cargo, by chocks, wedges or blocking and 
bracing of adequate size, or by tiedowns.
    (ii) Chocks, wedges or blocking must be held securely in place by 
some means in addition to friction so that they cannot become 
unintentionally unfastened or loose while the vehicle is in transit.
    (iii) Tiedowns must be used in accordance with the requirements of 
Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114 to prevent lateral movement.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35834, June 22, 2006]



Sec.  393.124  What are the rules for securing concrete pipe?

    (a) Applicability. (1) The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of concrete pipe on flatbed trailers and vehicles, and 
lowboy trailers.
    (2) Concrete pipe bundled tightly together into a single rigid 
article that has no tendency to roll, and concrete pipe loaded in a 
sided vehicle or container must be secured in accordance with the 
provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (b) General specifications for tiedowns. (1) The aggregate working 
load limit of all tiedowns on any group of pipes must not be less than 
half the total weight of all the pipes in the group.

[[Page 622]]

    (2) A transverse tiedown through a pipe on an upper tier or over 
longitudinal tiedowns is considered to secure all those pipes beneath on 
which that tiedown causes pressure.
    (c) Blocking. (1) Blocking may be one or more pieces placed 
symmetrically about the center of a pipe.
    (2) One piece must extend at least half the distance from the center 
to each end of the pipe, and two pieces must be placed on the opposite 
side, one at each end of the pipe.
    (3) Blocking must be placed firmly against the pipe, and must be 
secured to prevent it moving out from under the pipe.
    (4) Timber blocking must have minimum dimensions of at least 10 x 15 
cm (4 x 6 in).
    (d) Arranging the load--(1) Pipe of different diameter. If pipe of 
more than one diameter are loaded on a vehicle, groups must be formed 
that consist of pipe of only one size, and each group must be separately 
secured.
    (2) Arranging a bottom tier. The bottom tier must be arranged to 
cover the full length of the vehicle, or as a partial tier in one group 
or two groups.
    (3) Arranging an upper tier. Pipe must be placed only in the wells 
formed by adjacent pipes in the tier beneath. A third or higher tier 
must not be started unless all wells in the tier beneath are filled.
    (4) Arranging the top tier. The top tier must be arranged as a 
complete tier, a partial tier in one group, or a partial tier in two 
groups.
    (5) Arranging bell pipe. (i) Bell pipe must be loaded on at least 
two longitudinal spacers of sufficient height to ensure that the bell is 
clear of the deck.
    (ii) Bell pipe loaded in one tier must have the bells alternating on 
opposite sides of the vehicle.
    (iii) The ends of consecutive pipe must be staggered, if possible, 
within the allowable width, otherwise they must be aligned.
    (iv) Bell pipe loaded in more than one tier must have the bells of 
the bottom tier all on the same side of the vehicle.
    (v) Pipe in every upper tier must be loaded with bells on the 
opposite side of the vehicle to the bells of the tier below.
    (vi) If the second tier is not complete, pipe in the bottom tier 
which do not support a pipe above must have their bells alternating on 
opposite sides of the vehicle.
    (e) Securing pipe with an inside diameter up to 1,143 mm (45 in). In 
addition to the requirements of paragraphs (b), (c) and (d) of this 
section, the following rules must be satisfied:
    (1) Stabilizing the bottom tier. (i) The bottom tier must be 
immobilized longitudinally at each end by blocking, vehicle end 
structure, stakes, a locked pipe unloader, or other equivalent means.
    (ii) Other pipe in the bottom tier may also be held in place by 
blocks and/or wedges; and
    (iii) Every pipe in the bottom tier must also be held firmly in 
contact with the adjacent pipe by tiedowns though the front and rear 
pipes:
    (A) At least one tiedown through the front pipe of the bottom tier 
must run aft at an angle not more than 45 degrees with the horizontal, 
whenever practicable.
    (B) At least one tiedown through the rear pipe of the bottom tier 
must run forward at an angle not more than 45 degrees with the 
horizontal, whenever practicable.
    (2) Use of tiedowns. (i) Each pipe may be secured individually with 
tiedowns through the pipe.
    (ii) If each pipe is not secured individually with a tiedown, then:
    (A) Either one 1/2-inch diameter chain or wire rope, or two 3/8-inch 
diameter chain or wire rope, must be placed longitudinally over the 
group of pipes;
    (B) One transverse tiedown must be used for every 3.04 m (10 ft) of 
load length. The transverse tiedowns may be placed through a pipe, or 
over both longitudinal tiedowns between two pipes on the top tier;
    (C) If the first pipe of a group in the top tier is not placed in 
the first well formed by pipes at the front of the tier beneath, it must 
be secured by an additional tiedown that runs rearward at an angle not 
more than 45 degrees to the horizontal, whenever practicable. This 
tiedown must pass either through

[[Page 623]]

the front pipe of the upper tier, or outside it and over both 
longitudinal tiedowns; and
    (D) If the last pipe of a group in the top tier is not placed in the 
last well formed by pipes at the rear of the tier beneath, it must be 
secured by an additional tiedown that runs forward at an angle not more 
than 45 degrees to the horizontal, whenever practicable. This tiedown 
must pass either through the rear pipe of the upper tier or outside it 
and over both longitudinal tiedowns.
    (f) Securing large pipe, with an inside diameter over 1143 mm (45 
in). In addition to the requirements of paragraphs (b), (c) and (d) of 
this section, the following rules must be satisfied:
    (1) The front pipe and the rear pipe must be immobilized by 
blocking, wedges, vehicle end structure, stakes, locked pipe unloader, 
or other equivalent means.
    (2) Each pipe must be secured by tiedowns through the pipe:
    (i) At least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the 
load, which includes the middle one if there is an odd number, and must 
run rearward at an angle not more than 45 degrees with the horizontal, 
whenever practicable;
    (ii) At least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the 
load, and must run forward at an angle not more than 45 degrees with the 
horizontal, whenever practicable, to hold each pipe firmly in contact 
with adjacent pipe; and
    (iii) If the front or rear pipe is not also in contact with vehicle 
end structure, stakes, a locked pipe unloader, or other equivalent 
means, at least two tiedowns positioned as described in paragraphs 
(f)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section, must be used through that pipe.
    (3) If only one pipe is transported, or if several pipes are 
transported without contact between other pipes, the requirements in 
this paragraph apply to each pipe as a single front and rear article.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.126  What are the rules for securing intermodal containers?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of intermodal containers. Cargo contained within an 
intermodal container must be secured in accordance with the provisions 
of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114 or, if applicable, the commodity 
specific rules of this part.
    (b) Securement of intermodal containers transported on container 
chassis vehicle(s). (1) All lower corners of the intermodal container 
must be secured to the container chassis with securement devices or 
integral locking devices that cannot unintentionally become unfastened 
while the vehicle is in transit.
    (2) The securement devices must restrain the container from moving 
more than 1.27 cm (1/2 in) forward, more than 1.27 cm (1/2 in) aft, more 
than 1.27 cm (1/2 in) to the right, more than 1.27 cm (1/2 in) to the 
left, or more than 2.54 cm (1 in) vertically.
    (3) The front and rear of the container must be secured 
independently.
    (c) Securement of loaded intermodal containers transported on 
vehicles other than container chassis vehicle(s). (1) All lower corners 
of the intermodal container must rest upon the vehicle, or the corners 
must be supported by a structure capable of bearing the weight of the 
container and that support structure must be independently secured to 
the motor vehicle.
    (2) Each container must be secured to the vehicle by:
    (i) Chains, wire ropes or integral devices which are fixed to all 
lower corners; or
    (ii) Crossed chains which are fixed to all upper corners; and,
    (3) The front and rear of the container must be secured 
independently. Each chain, wire rope, or integral locking device must be 
attached to the container in a manner that prevents it from being 
unintentionally unfastened while the vehicle is in transit.
    (d) Securement of empty intermodal containers transported on 
vehicles other than container chassis vehicle(s). Empty intermodal 
containers transported on vehicles other than container chassis vehicles 
do not have to have all lower corners of the intermodal container 
resting upon the vehicle, or have all lower corners supported by a 
structure capable of bearing the weight of the empty container, 
provided:

[[Page 624]]

    (1) The empty intermodal container is balanced and positioned on the 
vehicle in a manner such that the container is stable before the 
addition of tiedowns or other securement equipment; and,
    (2) The amount of overhang for the empty container on the trailer 
does not exceed five feet on either the front or rear of the trailer;
    (3) The empty intermodal container must not interfere with the 
vehicle's maneuverability; and,
    (4) The empty intermodal container is secured to prevent lateral, 
longitudinal, or vertical shifting.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35834, June 22, 2006]



Sec.  393.128  What are the rules for securing automobiles, light
trucks and vans?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of automobiles, light trucks, and vans which individually 
weigh 4,536 kg. (10,000 lb) or less. Vehicles which individually are 
heavier than 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) must be secured in accordance with the 
provisions of Sec.  393.130 of this part.
    (b) Securement of automobiles, light trucks, and vans. (1) 
Automobiles, light trucks, and vans must be restrained at both the front 
and rear to prevent lateral, forward, rearward, and vertical movement 
using a minimum of two tiedowns.
    (2) Tiedowns that are designed to be affixed to the structure of the 
automobile, light truck, or van must use the mounting points on those 
vehicles that have been specifically designed for that purpose.
    (3) Tiedowns that are designed to fit over or around the wheels of 
an automobile, light truck, or van must provide restraint in the 
lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions.
    (4) Edge protectors are not required for synthetic webbing at points 
where the webbing comes in contact with the tires.



Sec.  393.130  What are the rules for securing heavy vehicles, equipment
and machinery?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of heavy vehicles, equipment and machinery which operate 
on wheels or tracks, such as front end loaders, bulldozers, tractors, 
and power shovels and which individually weigh 4,536 kg (10,000 lb.) or 
more. Vehicles, equipment and machinery which is lighter than 4,536 kg 
(10,000 lb.) may also be secured in accordance with the provisions of 
this section, with Sec.  393.128, or in accordance with the provisions 
of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (b) Preparation of equipment being transported. (1) Accessory 
equipment, such as hydraulic shovels, must be completely lowered and 
secured to the vehicle.
    (2) Articulated vehicles shall be restrained in a manner that 
prevents articulation while in transit.
    (c) Securement of heavy vehicles, equipment or machinery with 
crawler tracks or wheels. (1) In addition to the requirements of 
paragraph (b) of this section, heavy equipment or machinery with crawler 
tracks or wheels must be restrained against movement in the lateral, 
forward, rearward, and vertical direction using a minimum of four 
tiedowns.
    (2) Each of the tiedowns must be affixed as close as practicable to 
the front and rear of the vehicle, or mounting points on the vehicle 
that have been specifically designed for that purpose.



Sec.  393.132  What are the rules for securing flattened or crushed 
vehicles?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of vehicles such as automobiles, light trucks, and vans 
that have been flattened or crushed.
    (b) Prohibition on the use of synthetic webbing. The use of 
synthetic webbing to secure flattened or crushed vehicles is prohibited 
except that such webbing may be used to connect wire rope or chain to 
anchor points on the commercial motor vehicle. However, the webbing 
(regardless of whether edge protection is used) must not come into 
contact with the flattened or crushed cars.
    (c) Securement of flattened or crushed vehicles. Flattened or 
crushed vehicles must be transported on vehicles which have:

[[Page 625]]

    (1) Containment walls or comparable means on four sides which extend 
to the full height of the load and which block against movement of the 
cargo in the forward, rearward and lateral directions; or
    (2)(i) Containment walls or comparable means on three sides which 
extend to the full height of the load and which block against movement 
of the cargo in the direction for which there is a containment wall or 
comparable means, and
    (ii) A minimum of two tiedowns are required per vehicle stack; or
    (3)(i) Containment walls on two sides which extend to the full 
height of the load and which block against movement of the cargo in the 
forward and rearward directions, and
    (ii) A minimum of three tiedowns are required per vehicle stack; or
    (4) A minimum of four tiedowns per vehicle stack.
    (5) In addition to the requirements of paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and 
(4), the following rules must be satisfied:
    (i) Vehicles used to transport flattened or crushed vehicles must be 
equipped with a means to prevent liquids from leaking from the bottom of 
the vehicle, and loose parts from falling from the bottom and all four 
sides of the vehicle extending to the full height of the cargo.
    (ii) The means used to contain loose parts may consist of structural 
walls, sides or sideboards, or suitable covering material, alone or in 
combinations.
    (iii) The use of synthetic material for containment of loose parts 
is permitted.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 71 FR 35834, June 22, 2006]



Sec.  393.134  What are the rules for securing roll-on/roll-off or hook 
lift containers?

    (a) Applicability. The rules in this section apply to the 
transportation of roll-on/roll-off or hook lift containers.
    (b) Securement of a roll-on/roll-off and hook lift container. Each 
roll-on/roll-off and hook lift container carried on a vehicle which is 
not equipped with an integral securement system must be:
    (1) Blocked against forward movement by the lifting device, stops, a 
combination of both or other suitable restraint mechanism;
    (2) Secured to the front of the vehicle by the lifting device or 
other suitable restraint against lateral and vertical movement;
    (3) Secured to the rear of the vehicle with at least one of the 
following mechanisms:
    (i) One tiedown attached to both the vehicle chassis and the 
container chassis;
    (ii) Two tiedowns installed lengthwise, each securing one side of 
the container to one of the vehicle's side rails; or
    (iii) Two hooks, or an equivalent mechanism, securing both sides of 
the container to the vehicle chassis at least as effectively as the 
tiedowns in the two previous items.
    (4) The mechanisms used to secure the rear end of a roll-on/roll off 
or hook lift container must be installed no more than two meters (6 ft 7 
in) from the rear of the container.
    (5) In the event that one or more of the front stops or lifting 
devices are missing, damaged or not compatible, additional manually 
installed tiedowns must be used to secure the container to the vehicle, 
providing the same level of securement as the missing, damaged or 
incompatible components.



Sec.  393.136  What are the rules for securing large boulders?

    (a) Applicability. (1) The rules in this section are applicable to 
the transportation of any large piece of natural, irregularly shaped 
rock weighing in excess of 5,000 kg (11,000 lb.) or with a volume in 
excess of 2 cubic-meters on an open vehicle, or in a vehicle whose sides 
are not designed and rated to contain such cargo.
    (2) Pieces of rock weighing more than 100 kg (220 lb.), but less 
than 5,000 kg (11,000 lb.) must be secured, either in accordance with 
this section, or in accordance with the provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 
through 393.114, including:
    (i) Rock contained within a vehicle which is designed to carry such 
cargo; or
    (ii) Secured individually by tiedowns, provided each piece can be 
stabilized and adequately secured.

[[Page 626]]

    (3) Rock which has been formed or cut to a shape and which provides 
a stable base for securement must also be secured, either in accordance 
with the provisions of this section, or in accordance with the 
provisions of Sec. Sec.  393.100 through 393.114.
    (b) General requirements for the positioning of boulders on the 
vehicle. (1) Each boulder must be placed with its flattest and/or 
largest side down.
    (2) Each boulder must be supported on at least two pieces of 
hardwood blocking at least 10 cm x 10 cm (4 inches x 4 inches) side 
dimensions extending the full width of the boulder.
    (3) Hardwood blocking pieces must be placed as symmetrically as 
possible under the boulder and should support at least three-fourths of 
the length of the boulder.
    (4) If the flattest side of a boulder is rounded or partially 
rounded, so that the boulder may roll, it must be placed in a crib made 
of hardwood timber fixed to the deck of the vehicle so that the boulder 
rests on both the deck and the timber, with at least three well-
separated points of contact that prevent its tendency to roll in any 
direction.
    (5) If a boulder is tapered, the narrowest end must point towards 
the front of the vehicle.
    (c) General tiedown requirements. (1) Only chain may be used as 
tiedowns to secure large boulders.
    (2) Tiedowns which are in direct contact with the boulder should, 
where possible, be located in valleys or notches across the top of the 
boulder, and must be arranged to prevent sliding across the rock 
surface.
    (d) Securement of a cubic shaped boulder. In addition to the 
requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, the following 
rules must be satisfied:
    (1) Each boulder must be secured individually with at least two 
chain tiedowns placed transversely across the vehicle.
    (2) The aggregate working load limit of the tiedowns must be at 
least half the weight of the boulder.
    (3) The tiedowns must be placed as closely as possible to the wood 
blocking used to support the boulder.
    (e) Securement of a non-cubic shaped boulder--with a stable base. In 
addition to the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
the following rules must be satisfied:
    (1) The boulder must be secured individually with at least two chain 
tiedowns forming an ``X'' pattern over the boulder.
    (2) The aggregate working load limit of the tiedowns must be at 
least half the weight of the boulder.
    (3) The tiedowns must pass over the center of the boulder and must 
be attached to each other at the intersection by a shackle or other 
connecting device.
    (f) Securement of a non-cubic shaped boulder--with an unstable base. 
In addition to the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this 
section, each boulder must be secured by a combination of chain tiedowns 
as follows:
    (1) One chain must surround the top of the boulder (at a point 
between one-half and two-thirds of its height). The working load limit 
of the chain must be at least half the weight of the boulder.
    (2) Four chains must be attached to the surrounding chain and the 
vehicle to form a blocking mechanism which prevents any horizontal 
movement. Each chain must have a working load limit of at least one-
fourth the weight of the boulder. Whenever practicable, the angle of the 
chains must not exceed 45 degrees from the horizontal.

[67 FR 61225, Sept. 27, 2002, as amended at 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



    Subpart J_Frames, Cab and Body Components, Wheels, Steering, and 
                           Suspension Systems

    Source: 53 FR 49402, Dec. 7, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  393.201  Frames.

    (a) The frame or chassis of each commercial motor vehicle shall not 
be cracked, loose, sagging or broken.
    (b) Bolts or brackets securing the cab or the body of the vehicle to 
the frame must not be loose, broken, or missing.
    (c) The frame rail flanges between the axles shall not be bent, cut 
or notched, except as specified by the manufacturer.

[[Page 627]]

    (d) Parts and accessories shall not be welded to the frame or 
chassis of a commercial motor vehicle except in accordance with the 
vehicle manufacturer's recommendations. Any welded repair of the frame 
must also be in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's 
recommendations.
    (e) No holes shall be drilled in the top or bottom rail flanges, 
except as specified by the manufacturer.

[53 FR 49402, Dec. 7, 1988, as amended at 70 FR 48055, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.203  Cab and body components.

    (a) The cab compartment doors or door parts used as an entrance or 
exits shall not be missing or broken. Doors shall not sag so that they 
cannot be properly opened or closed. No door shall be wired shut or 
otherwise secured in the closed position so that it cannot be readily 
opened. Exception: When the vehicle is loaded with pipe or bar stock 
that blocks the door and the cab has a roof exit.
    (b) Bolts or brackets securing the cab or the body of the vehicle to 
the frame shall not be loose, broken, or missing.
    (c) The hood must be securely fastened.
    (d) All seats must be securely mounted.
    (e) The front bumper must not be missing, loosely attached, or 
protruding beyond the confines of the vehicle so as to create a hazard.

[53 FR 49402, Dec. 7, 1988, as amended at 78 FR 58484, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  393.205  Wheels.

    (a) Wheels and rims shall not be cracked or broken.
    (b) Stud or bolt holes on the wheels shall shall not be elongated 
(out of round).
    (c) Nuts or bolts shall not be missing or loose.



Sec.  393.207  Suspension systems.

    (a) Axles. No axle positioning part shall be cracked, broken, loose 
or missing. All axles must be in proper alignment.
    (b) Adjustable axles. Adjustable axle assemblies shall not have 
locking pins missing or disengaged.
    (c) Leaf springs. No leaf spring shall be cracked, broken, or 
missing nor shifted out of position.
    (d) Coil springs. No coil spring shall be cracked or broken.
    (e) Torsion bar. No torsion bar or torsion bar suspension shall be 
cracked or broken.
    (f) Air suspensions. The air pressure regulator valve shall not 
allow air into the suspension system until at least 55 psi is in the 
braking system. The vehicle shall be level (not tilting to the left or 
right). Air leakage shall not be greater than 3 psi in a 5-minute time 
period when the vehicle's air pressure gauge shows normal operating 
pressure.
    (g) Air suspension exhaust controls. The air suspension exhaust 
controls must not have the capability to exhaust air from the suspension 
system of one axle of a two-axle air suspension trailer unless the 
controls are either located on the trailer, or the power unit and 
trailer combination are not capable of traveling at a speed greater than 
10 miles per hour while the air is exhausted from the suspension system. 
This paragraph shall not be construed to prohibit--
    (1) Devices that could exhaust air from both axle systems 
simultaneously; or
    (2) Lift axles on multi-axle units.

[53 FR 49402, Dec. 7, 1988, as amended at 70 FR 48055, Aug. 15, 2005]



Sec.  393.209  Steering wheel systems.

    (a) The steering wheel shall be secured and must not have any spokes 
cracked through or missing.
    (b) Steering wheel lash. (1) The steering wheel lash shall not 
exceed the following parameters:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 Manual steering       Power steering
   Steering wheel diameter           system                system
------------------------------------------------------------------------
406 mm or less (16 inches or  51 mm (2 inches)....  108 mm (4\1/4\
 less).                                              inches).
457 mm (18 inches)..........  57 mm (2\1/4\         121 mm (4\3/4\
                               inches).              inches).
483 mm (19 inches)..........  60 mm (2\3/8\         127 mm (5 inches).
                               inches).
508 mm (20 inches)..........  64 mm (2\1/2\         133 mm (5\1/4\
                               inches).              inches).
533 mm (21 inches)..........  67 mm (2\5/8\         140 mm (5\1/2\
                               inches).              inches).

[[Page 628]]

 
559 mm (22 inches)..........  70 mm (2\3/4\         146 mm (5\3/4\
                               inches).              inches).
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) For steering wheel diameters not listed in paragraph (b)(1) of 
this section the steering wheel lash shall not exceed 14 degrees angular 
rotation for manual steering systems, and 30 degrees angular rotation 
for power steering systems.
    (c) Steering column. The steering column must be securely fastened.
    (d) Steering system. Universal joints and ball-and-socket joints 
shall not be worn, faulty or repaired by welding. The steering gear box 
shall not have loose or missing mounting bolts or cracks in the gear box 
or mounting brackets. The pitman arm on the steering gear output shaft 
shall not be loose. Steering wheels shall turn freely through the limit 
of travel in both directions.
    (e) Power steering systems. All components of the power system must 
be in operating condition. No parts shall be loose or broken. Belts 
shall not be frayed, cracked or slipping. The system shall not leak. The 
power steering system shall have sufficient fluid in the reservoir.

[53 FR 49402, Dec. 7, 1988, as amended at 70 FR 48055, Aug. 15, 2005]

                           PART 394 [RESERVED]



PART 395_HOURS OF SERVICE OF DRIVERS--Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
395.1 Scope of rules in this part.
395.2 Definitions.
395.3 Maximum driving time for property-carrying vehicles.
395.5 Maximum driving time for passenger-carrying vehicles.
395.7 [Reserved]
395.8 Driver's record of duty status.
395.10 [Reserved]
395.11 Supporting documents.
395.12 [Reserved]
395.13 Drivers ordered out of service.
395.15 Automatic on-board recording devices.
395.16-19 [Reserved]

               Subpart B_Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs)

395.20 ELD applicability and scope.
395.22 Motor carrier responsibilities--In general.
395.24 Driver responsibilities--In general.
395.26 ELD data automatically recorded.
395.28 Special driving categories; other driving statuses.
395.30 ELD record submissions, edits, annotations, and data retention.
395.32 Non-authenticated driver logs.
395.34 ELD malfunctions and data diagnostic events.
395.36 Driver access to records.
395.38 Incorporation by reference.

Appendix A to Subpart B of Part 395--Functional Specifications for All 
          Electronic Logging Devices (ELDS)

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 504, 21104(e), 31133, 31136, 31137, 31502; sec. 
113, Pub. L. 103-311, 108 Stat. 1673, 1676; sec. 229, Pub. L. 106-159 
(as added and transferred by sec. 4115 and amended by secs. 4130-4132, 
Pub. L. 109-59, 119 Stat. 1144, 1726, 1743, 1744), 113 Stat. 1748, 1773; 
sec. 4133, Pub. L. 109-59, 119 Stat. 1144, 1744; sec. 32934, Pub. L. 
112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 830; sec. 5206(b), Pub. L. 114-94, 129 Stat. 
1312, 1537; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 33 FR 19758, Dec. 25, 1968, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 395 appear at 66 FR 
49874, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  395.1  Scope of rules in this part.

    (a) General. (1) The rules in this part apply to all motor carriers 
and drivers, except as provided in paragraphs (b) through (x) of this 
section.
    (2) The exceptions from Federal requirements contained in paragraphs 
(l) and (m) of this section do not preempt State laws and regulations 
governing the safe operation of commercial motor vehicles.
    (b) Driving conditions--(1) Adverse driving conditions. Except as 
provided in paragraph (h)(3) of this section, a driver who encounters 
adverse driving conditions, as defined in Sec.  395.2, and cannot, 
because of those conditions, safely complete the run within the maximum 
driving time or duty time during which

[[Page 629]]

driving is permitted under Sec.  395.3(a) or Sec.  395.5(a) may drive 
and be permitted or required to drive a commercial motor vehicle for not 
more than two additional hours beyond the maximum allowable hours 
permitted under Sec.  395.3(a) or Sec.  395.5(a) to complete that run or 
to reach a place offering safety for the occupants of the commercial 
motor vehicle and security for the commercial motor vehicle and its 
cargo.
    (2) Emergency conditions. In case of any emergency, a driver may 
complete his/her run without being in violation of the provisions of the 
regulations in this part, if such run reasonably could have been 
completed absent the emergency.
    (c) Driver-salesperson. The provisions of Sec.  395.3(b) shall not 
apply to any driver-salesperson whose total driving time does not exceed 
40 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days.
    (d) Oilfield operations. (1) In the instance of drivers of 
commercial motor vehicles used exclusively in the transportation of 
oilfield equipment, including the stringing and picking up of pipe used 
in pipelines, and servicing of the field operations of the natural gas 
and oil industry, any period of 8 consecutive days may end with the 
beginning of any off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours.
    (2) In the case of specially trained drivers of commercial motor 
vehicles that are specially constructed to service oil wells, on-duty 
time shall not include waiting time at a natural gas or oil well site. 
Such waiting time shall be recorded as ``off duty'' for purposes of 
Sec. Sec.  395.8 and 395.15, with remarks or annotations to indicate the 
specific off-duty periods that are waiting time, or on a separate 
``waiting time'' line on the record of duty status to show that off-duty 
time is also waiting time. Waiting time shall not be included in 
calculating the 14-hour period in Sec.  395.3(a)(2). Specially trained 
drivers of such commercial motor vehicles are not eligible to use the 
provisions of Sec.  395.1(e)(1).
    (e) Short-haul operations--(1) 150 air-mile radius driver. A driver 
is exempt from the requirements of Sec. Sec.  395.8 and 395.11 if:
    (i) The driver operates within a 150 air-mile radius (172.6 statute 
miles) of the normal work reporting location;
    (ii) The driver, except a driver-salesperson, returns to the work 
reporting location and is released from work within 14 consecutive 
hours;
    (iii)(A) A property-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver has at 
least 10 consecutive hours off-duty separating each 14 hours on-duty;
    (B) A passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver has at 
least 8 consecutive hours off-duty separating each 14 hours on-duty; and
    (iv) The motor carrier that employs the driver maintains and retains 
for a period of 6 months accurate and true time records showing:
    (A) The time the driver reports for duty each day;
    (B) The total number of hours the driver is on-duty each day;
    (C) The time the driver is released from duty each day; and
    (D) The total time for the preceding 7 days in accordance with Sec.  
395.8(j)(2) for drivers used for the first time or intermittently.
    (2) Operators of property-carrying commercial motor vehicles not 
requiring a commercial driver's license. Except as provided in this 
paragraph, a driver is exempt from the requirements of Sec. Sec.  
395.3(a)(2), 395.8, and 395.11 and ineligible to use the provisions of 
Sec.  395.1(e)(1), (g), and (o) if:
    (i) The driver operates a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle 
for which a commercial driver's license is not required under part 383 
of this subchapter;
    (ii) The driver operates within a 150 air-mile radius of the 
location where the driver reports to and is released from work, i.e., 
the normal work reporting location;
    (iii) The driver returns to the normal work reporting location at 
the end of each duty tour;
    (iv) The driver does not drive:
    (A) After the 14th hour after coming on duty on 5 days of any period 
of 7 consecutive days; and
    (B) After the 16th hour after coming on duty on 2 days of any period 
of 7 consecutive days;
    (v) The motor carrier that employs the driver maintains and retains 
for a

[[Page 630]]

period of 6 months accurate and true time records showing:
    (A) The time the driver reports for duty each day;
    (B) The total number of hours the driver is on duty each day;
    (C) The time the driver is released from duty each day;
    (D) The total time for the preceding 7 days in accordance with Sec.  
395.8(j)(2) for drivers used for the first time or intermittently.
    (f) Retail store deliveries. The provisions of Sec.  395.3 (a) and 
(b) shall not apply with respect to drivers of commercial motor vehicles 
engaged solely in making local deliveries from retail stores and/or 
retail catalog businesses to the ultimate consumer, when driving solely 
within a 100-air mile radius of the driver's work-reporting location, 
during the period from December 10 to December 25, both inclusive, of 
each year.
    (g) Sleeper berths--(1) Property-carrying commercial motor vehicle--
(i) General. A driver who operates a property-carrying commercial motor 
vehicle equipped with a sleeper berth, as defined in Sec.  395.2, and 
uses the sleeper berth to obtain the off-duty time required by Sec.  
395.3(a)(1) must accumulate:
    (A) At least 10 consecutive hours off-duty;
    (B) At least 10 consecutive hours of sleeper berth time;
    (C) A combination of consecutive sleeper berth and off-duty time 
amounting to at least 10 hours;
    (D) A combination of sleeper berth time of at least 7 consecutive 
hours and up to 3 hours riding in the passenger seat of the vehicle 
while the vehicle is moving on the highway, either immediately before or 
after the sleeper berth time, amounting to at least 10 consecutive 
hours; or
    (E) The equivalent of at least 10 consecutive hours off-duty 
calculated under paragraphs (g)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section.
    (ii) Sleeper berth. A driver may accumulate the equivalent of at 
least 10 consecutive hours off-duty by taking not more than two periods 
of either sleeper berth time or a combination of off-duty time and 
sleeper berth time if:
    (A) Neither rest period is shorter than 2 consecutive hours;
    (B) One rest period is at least 7 consecutive hours in the sleeper 
berth;
    (C) The total of the two periods is at least 10 hours; and
    (D) Driving time in the period immediately before and after each 
rest period, when added together:
    (1) Does not exceed 11 hours under Sec.  395.3(a)(3); and
    (2) Does not violate the 14-hour duty-period limit under Sec.  
395.3(a)(2).
    (iii) Calculation--(A) In general. The driving time limit and the 
14-hour duty-period limit must be re-calculated from the end of the 
first of the two periods used to comply with paragraph (g)(1)(i)(E) of 
this section.
    (B) 14-hour period. The 14-hour driving window for purposes of Sec.  
395.3(a)(2) does not include qualifying rest periods under paragraph 
(g)(1)(ii) of this section.
    (2) Specially trained driver of a specially constructed oil well 
servicing commercial motor vehicle at a natural gas or oil well 
location. A specially trained driver who operates a commercial motor 
vehicle specially constructed to service natural gas or oil wells that 
is equipped with a sleeper berth, as defined in Sec. Sec.  395.2 and 
393.76 of this subchapter, or who is off duty at a natural gas or oil 
well location, may accumulate the equivalent of 10 consecutive hours off 
duty time by taking a combination of at least 10 consecutive hours of 
off-duty time, sleeper-berth time, or time in other sleeping 
accommodations at a natural gas or oil well location; or by taking two 
periods of rest in a sleeper berth, or other sleeping accommodation at a 
natural gas or oil well location, providing:
    (i) Neither rest period is shorter than 2 hours;
    (ii) The driving time in the period immediately before and after 
each rest period, when added together, does not exceed the limit 
specified in Sec.  395.3(a)(3);
    (iii) The driver does not drive after the 14th hour after coming on 
duty following 10 hours off duty, where the 14th hour is calculated:
    (A) By excluding any sleeper berth or other sleeping accommodation 
period of at least 2 hours which, when added to a subsequent sleeper 
berth or other

[[Page 631]]

sleeping accommodation period, totals at least 10 hours, and
    (B) By including all on-duty time, all off-duty time not spent in 
the sleeper berth or other sleeping accommodations, all such periods of 
less than 2 hours, and any period not described in paragraph 
(g)(2)(iii)(A) of this section; and
    (iv) The driver may not return to driving subject to the normal 
limits under Sec.  395.3 without taking at least 10 consecutive hours 
off duty, at least 10 consecutive hours in the sleeper berth or other 
sleeping accommodations, or a combination of at least 10 consecutive 
hours off duty, sleeper berth time, or time in other sleeping 
accommodations.
    (3) Passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicles. A driver who is 
driving a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle that is equipped 
with a sleeper berth, as defined in Sec. Sec.  395.2 and 393.76 of this 
subchapter, may accumulate the equivalent of 8 consecutive hours of off-
duty time by taking a combination of at least 8 consecutive hours off-
duty and sleeper berth time; or by taking two periods of rest in the 
sleeper berth, providing:
    (i) Neither rest period is shorter than two hours;
    (ii) The driving time in the period immediately before and after 
each rest period, when added together, does not exceed 10 hours;
    (iii) The on-duty time in the period immediately before and after 
each rest period, when added together, does not include any driving time 
after the 15th hour; and
    (iv) The driver may not return to driving subject to the normal 
limits under Sec.  395.5 without taking at least 8 consecutive hours off 
duty, at least 8 consecutive hours in the sleeper berth, or a 
combination of at least 8 consecutive hours off duty and sleeper berth 
time.
    (h) State of Alaska--(1) Property-carrying commercial motor 
vehicle--(i) In general. The provisions of Sec.  395.3(a) and (b) do not 
apply to any driver who is driving a commercial motor vehicle in the 
State of Alaska. A driver who is driving a property-carrying commercial 
motor vehicle in the State of Alaska must not drive or be required or 
permitted to drive:
    (A) More than 15 hours following 10 consecutive hours off-duty;
    (B) After being on-duty for 20 hours or more following 10 
consecutive hours off-duty;
    (C) After having been on-duty for 70 hours in any period of 7 
consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives does 
not operate every day in the week; or
    (D) After having been on-duty for 80 hours in any period of 8 
consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives 
operates every day in the week.
    (ii) Off-duty periods. Before driving, a driver who operates a 
property-carrying commercial motor vehicle equipped with a sleeper 
berth, as defined in Sec.  395.2, and uses the sleeper berth to obtain 
the required off-duty time in the State of Alaska, must accumulate:
    (A) At least 10 consecutive hours off-duty;
    (B) At least 10 consecutive hours of sleeper berth time;
    (C) A combination of consecutive sleeper berth and off-duty time 
amounting to at least 10 hours;
    (D) A combination of consecutive sleeper berth time and up to 3 
hours riding in the passenger seat of the vehicle while the vehicle is 
moving on a highway, either immediately before or after a period of at 
least 7, but less than 10, consecutive hours in the sleeper berth; or
    (E) The equivalent of at least 10 consecutive hours off-duty 
calculated under paragraph (h)(1)(iii) of this section.
    (iii) Sleeper berth. A driver who uses a sleeper berth to comply 
with the hours of service regulations may accumulate the equivalent of 
at least 10 consecutive hours off-duty by taking not more than two 
periods of either sleeper berth time or a combination of off-duty time 
and sleeper berth time if:
    (A) Neither rest period is shorter than 2 consecutive hours;
    (B) One rest period is at least 7 consecutive hours in the sleeper 
berth;
    (C) The total of the two periods is at least 10 hours; and

[[Page 632]]

    (D) Driving time in the period immediately before and after each 
rest period, when added together:
    (1) Does not exceed 15 hours; and
    (2) Does not violate the 20-hour duty period under paragraph 
(h)(1)(i)(B) of this section.
    (iv) Calculation--(A) In general. The driving time limit and the 20-
hour duty-period limit must be re-calculated from the end of the first 
of the two periods used to comply with paragraph (h)(1)(ii)(E) of this 
section.
    (B) 20-hour period. The 20-hour duty period under paragraph 
(h)(1)(i)(B) does not include off-duty or sleeper berth time.
    (2) Passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle. The provisions of 
Sec.  395.5 do not apply to any driver who is driving a passenger-
carrying commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska. A driver who 
is driving a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle in the State of 
Alaska must not drive or be required or permitted to drive--
    (i) More than 15 hours following 8 consecutive hours off-duty;
    (ii) After being on-duty for 20 hours or more following 8 
consecutive hours off-duty;
    (iii) After having been on-duty for 70 hours in any period of 7 
consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives does 
not operate every day in the week; or
    (iv) After having been on-duty for 80 hours in any period of 8 
consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives 
operates every day in the week.
    (3) Adverse driving conditions. (i) A driver who is driving a 
commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska and who encounters 
adverse driving conditions (as defined in Sec.  395.2) may drive and be 
permitted or required to drive a commercial motor vehicle for the period 
of time needed to complete the run.
    (ii) After a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver 
completes the run, that driver must be off-duty for at least 10 
consecutive hours before he/she drives again; and
    (iii) After a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver 
completes the run, that driver must be off-duty for at least 8 
consecutive hours before he/she drives again.
    (i) State of Hawaii. The rules in Sec.  395.8 do not apply to a 
driver who drives a commercial motor vehicle in the State of Hawaii, if 
the motor carrier who employs the driver maintains and retains for a 
period of 6 months accurate and true records showing--
    (1) The total number of hours the driver is on duty each day; and
    (2) The time at which the driver reports for, and is released from, 
duty each day.
    (j) Travel time--(1) When a property-carrying commercial motor 
vehicle driver at the direction of the motor carrier is traveling, but 
not driving or assuming any other responsibility to the carrier, such 
time must be counted as on-duty time unless the driver is afforded at 
least 10 consecutive hours off duty when arriving at destination, in 
which case he/she must be considered off duty for the entire period.
    (2) When a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver at the 
direction of the motor carrier is traveling, but not driving or assuming 
any other responsibility to the carrier, such time must be counted as 
on-duty time unless the driver is afforded at least 8 consecutive hours 
off duty when arriving at destination, in which case he/she must be 
considered off duty for the entire period.
    (k) Agricultural operations. The provisions of this part shall not 
apply during planting and harvesting periods, as determined by each 
State, to drivers transporting
    (1) Agricultural commodities from the source of the agricultural 
commodities to a location within a 150 air-mile radius from the source;
    (2) Farm supplies for agricultural purposes from a wholesale or 
retail distribution point of the farm supplies to a farm or other 
location where the farm supplies are intended to be used within a 150 
air-mile radius from the distribution point;
    (3) Farm supplies for agricultural purposes from a wholesale 
distribution point of the farm supplies to a retail distribution point 
of the farm supplies within a 150 air-mile radius from the wholesale 
distribution point; or

[[Page 633]]

    (4) Livestock (as defined in section 602 of the Emergency Livestock 
Feed Assistance Act of 1988 (7 U.S.C. 1471) including insects)) within a 
150 air-mile radius from the final destination of the livestock.
    (l) Ground water well drilling operations. In the instance of a 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle who is used primarily in the 
transportation and operations of a ground water well drilling rig, any 
period of 7 or 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-
duty period of 24 or more successive hours.
    (m) Construction materials and equipment. In the instance of a 
driver of a commercial motor vehicle who is used primarily in the 
transportation of construction materials and equipment, any period of 7 
or 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-duty period 
of 24 or more successive hours.
    (n) Utility service vehicles. The provisions of this part shall not 
apply to a driver of a utility service vehicle as defined in Sec.  
395.2.
    (o) Property-carrying driver. A property-carrying driver is exempt 
from the requirements of Sec.  395.3(a)(2) if:
    (1) The driver has returned to the driver's normal work reporting 
location and the carrier released the driver from duty at that location 
for the previous five duty tours the driver has worked;
    (2) The driver has returned to the normal work reporting location 
and the carrier releases the driver from duty within 16 hours after 
coming on duty following 10 consecutive hours off duty; and
    (3) The driver has not taken this exemption within the previous 6 
consecutive days, except when the driver has begun a new 7- or 8-
consecutive day period with the beginning of any off-duty period of 34 
or more consecutive hours as allowed by Sec.  395.3(c).
    (p) Commercial motor vehicle transportation to or from a motion 
picture production site. A driver of a commercial motor vehicle 
providing transportation of property or passengers to or from a 
theatrical or television motion picture production site is exempt from 
the requirements of Sec.  395.3(a) if the driver operates within a 100 
air-mile radius of the location where the driver reports to and is 
released from work, i.e., the normal work-reporting location. With 
respect to the maximum daily hours of service, such a driver may not 
drive--
    (1) More than 10 hours following 8 consecutive hours off duty;
    (2) For any period after having been on duty 15 hours following 8 
consecutive hours off duty.
    (3) If a driver of a commercial motor vehicle providing 
transportation of property or passengers to or from a theatrical or 
television motion picture production site operates beyond a 100 air-mile 
radius of the normal work-reporting location, the driver is subject to 
Sec.  395.3(a), and paragraphs (p)(1) and (2) of this section do not 
apply.
    (q) Attendance on commercial motor vehicles containing Division 1.1, 
1.2, or 1.3 explosives. Operators who are required by 49 CFR 397.5 to be 
in attendance on commercial motor vehicles containing Division 1.1, 1.2, 
or 1.3 explosives are on duty at all times while performing attendance 
functions or any other work for a motor carrier. Operators of commercial 
motor vehicles containing Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 explosives subject 
to the requirements for a 30-minute rest break in Sec.  395.3(a)(3)(ii) 
may use 30 minutes or more of attendance time to meet the requirement 
for a rest break, providing they perform no other work during the break. 
Such drivers must record the rest break as on-duty time in their record 
of duty status with remarks or annotations to indicate the specific on-
duty periods that are used to meet the requirement for break.
    (r) Railroad signal employees. The provisions of this part shall not 
apply to a signal employee, as defined in Sec.  395.2, who operates a 
commercial motor vehicle, is engaged in installing, repairing, or 
maintaining signal systems, is employed by a railroad carrier or a 
contractor or subcontractor to a railroad carrier, while regulated by 
the Federal Railroad Administration.
    (s) Covered farm vehicles. The rules in this part do not apply to 
drivers of ``covered farm vehicles,'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.5.
    (t) Ready-mixed concrete delivery vehicle. A driver of a ready-mixed 
concrete delivery vehicle subject to the requirement for a 30-minute 
rest break in

[[Page 634]]

Sec.  395.3(a)(3)(ii) may use 30-minutes or more of time spent while 
waiting with the commercial motor vehicle at a job site or terminal to 
meet the requirement for the 30-minute rest break, providing the driver 
performs no other work during the break.
    (u) Transport of commercial bees. The provisions of Sec.  
395.3(a)(3)(ii), requiring a 30-minute rest break, do not apply to a 
driver engaged in the interstate transportation of bees by commercial 
motor vehicle as long as the bees are on the vehicle.
    (v) Transport of livestock. The provisions of Sec.  395.3(a)(3)(ii), 
requiring a 30-minute rest break, do not apply to a driver engaged in 
the interstate transportation of livestock by commercial motor vehicle 
while the livestock are on the vehicle.
    (w) Hi-rail vehicles. For the driver of a hi-rail vehicle, the 
maximum on duty time under Sec.  395.3 shall not include time in 
transportation to or from a duty assignment if such time in 
transportation--
    (1) Does not exceed 2 hours per calendar day or a total of 30 hours 
per calendar month; and
    (2) Is fully and accurately accounted for in records to be 
maintained by the motor carrier and such records are made available upon 
request of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration or the 
Federal Railroad Administration.
    (x) Pipeline welding trucks. The rules in this part do not apply to 
drivers of ``pipeline welding trucks,'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[57 FR 33647, July 30, 1992]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
395.1, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.



Sec.  395.2  Definitions.

    As used in this part, the following words and terms are construed to 
mean:
    Adverse driving conditions means snow, ice, sleet, fog, or other 
adverse weather conditions or unusual road or traffic conditions that 
were not known, or could not reasonably be known, to a driver 
immediately prior to beginning the duty day or immediately before 
beginning driving after a qualifying rest break or sleeper berth period, 
or to a motor carrier immediately prior to dispatching the driver.
    Agricultural commodity means:
    (1) Any agricultural commodity, non-processed food, feed, fiber, or 
livestock as defined in this section.
    (2) As used in this definition, the term ``any agricultural 
commodity'' means horticultural products at risk of perishing, or 
degrading in quality, during transport by commercial motor vehicle, 
including plants, sod, flowers, shrubs, ornamentals, seedlings, live 
trees, and Christmas trees.
    Automatic on-board recording device means an electric, electronic, 
electromechanical, or mechanical device capable of recording driver's 
duty status information accurately and automatically as required by 
Sec.  395.15. The device must be integrally synchronized with specific 
operations of the commercial motor vehicle in which it is installed. At 
a minimum, the device must record engine use, road speed, miles driven, 
the date, and time of day.
    Driver-salesperson means any employee who is employed solely as such 
by a private carrier of property by commercial motor vehicle, who is 
engaged both in selling goods, services, or the use of goods, and in 
delivering by commercial motor vehicle the goods sold or provided or 
upon which the services are performed, who does so entirely within a 
radius of 100 miles of the point at which he/she reports for duty, who 
devotes not more than 50 percent of his/her hours on duty to driving 
time. The term selling goods for purposes of this section shall include 
in all cases solicitation or obtaining of reorders or new accounts, and 
may also include other selling or merchandising activities designed to 
retain the customer or to increase the sale of goods or services, in 
addition to solicitation or obtaining of reorders or new accounts.
    Driving time means all time spent at the driving controls of a 
commercial motor vehicle in operation.
    Eight consecutive days means the period of 8 consecutive days 
beginning on any day at the time designated by the motor carrier for a 
24-hour period.

[[Page 635]]

    Electronic logging device (ELD) means a device or technology that 
automatically records a driver's driving time and facilitates the 
accurate recording of the driver's hours of service, and that meets the 
requirements of subpart B of this part.
    ELD record means a record of duty status, recorded on an ELD, that 
reflects the data elements that an ELD must capture.
    Farm supplies for agricultural purposes means products directly 
related to the growing or harvesting of agricultural commodities during 
the planting and harvesting seasons within each State, as determined by 
the State, and livestock feed at any time of the year.
    Ground water well drilling rig means any vehicle, machine, tractor, 
trailer, semi-trailer, or specialized mobile equipment propelled or 
drawn by mechanical power and used on highways to transport water well 
field operating equipment, including water well drilling and pump 
service rigs equipped to access ground water.
    Hi-rail vehicle means an internal rail flaw detection vehicle 
equipped with flange hi-rails.
    Livestock means livestock as defined in sec. 602 of the Emergency 
Livestock Feed Assistance Act of 1988 [7 U.S.C. 1471], as amended, 
insects, and all other living animals cultivated, grown, or raised for 
commercial purposes, including aquatic animals.
    Multiple stops means all stops made in any one village, town, or 
city may be computed as one.
    Non-processed food means food commodities in a raw or natural state 
and not subjected to significant post-harvest changes to enhance shelf 
life, such as canning, jarring, freezing, or drying. The term ``non-
processed food'' includes fresh fruits and vegetables, and cereal and 
oilseed crops which have been minimally processed by cleaning, cooling, 
trimming, cutting, chopping, shucking, bagging, or packaging to 
facilitate transport by commercial motor vehicle.
    On-duty time means all time from the time a driver begins to work or 
is required to be in readiness to work until the time the driver is 
relieved from work and all responsibility for performing work. On-duty 
time shall include:
    (1) All time at a plant, terminal, facility, or other property of a 
motor carrier or shipper, or on any public property, waiting to be 
dispatched, unless the driver has been relieved from duty by the motor 
carrier;
    (2) All time inspecting, servicing, or conditioning any commercial 
motor vehicle at any time;
    (3) All driving time as defined in the term driving time;
    (4) All time in or on a commercial motor vehicle, other than:
    (i) Time spent resting in or on a parked vehicle, except as 
otherwise provided in Sec.  397.5 of this subchapter;
    (ii) Time spent resting in a sleeper berth; or
    (iii) Up to 3 hours riding in the passenger seat of a property-
carrying vehicle moving on the highway immediately before or after a 
period of at least 7 consecutive hours in the sleeper berth;
    (5) All time loading or unloading a commercial motor vehicle, 
supervising, or assisting in the loading or unloading, attending a 
commercial motor vehicle being loaded or unloaded, remaining in 
readiness to operate the commercial motor vehicle, or in giving or 
receiving receipts for shipments loaded or unloaded;
    (6) All time repairing, obtaining assistance, or remaining in 
attendance upon a disabled commercial motor vehicle;
    (7) All time spent providing a breath sample or urine specimen, 
including travel time to and from the collection site, to comply with 
the random, reasonable suspicion, post-crash, or follow-up testing 
required by part 382 of this subchapter when directed by a motor 
carrier;
    (8) Performing any other work in the capacity, employ, or service 
of, a motor carrier; and
    (9) Performing any compensated work for a person who is not a motor 
carrier.
    Ready-mixed concrete delivery vehicle means a vehicle designed to 
deliver ready-mixed concrete on a daily basis and equipped with a 
mechanism under which the vehicle's propulsion engine provides the power 
to operate a mixer

[[Page 636]]

drum to agitate and mix the product en route to the delivery site.
    Seven consecutive days means the period of 7 consecutive days 
beginning on any day at the time designated by the motor carrier for a 
24-hour period.
    Signal employee, as defined in 49 U.S.C. 21101(4), means an 
individual who is engaged in installing, repairing, or maintaining 
signal systems.
    Sleeper berth means a berth conforming to the requirements of Sec.  
393.76 of this chapter.
    Supporting document means a document, in any medium, generated or 
received by a motor carrier in the normal course of business as 
described in Sec.  395.11 that can be used, as produced or with 
additional identifying information, by the motor carrier and enforcement 
officials to verify the accuracy of a driver's record of duty status.
    Transportation of construction material and equipment means the 
transportation of construction and pavement materials, construction 
equipment, and construction maintenance vehicles, by a driver to or from 
an active construction site (a construction site between mobilization of 
equipment and materials to the site to the final completion of the 
construction project) within a 75 air mile radius of the normal work 
reporting location of the driver, except that a State, upon notice to 
the Administrator, may establish a different air mile radius limitation 
for purposes of this definition if such limitation is between 50 and 75 
air miles and applies only to movements that take place entirely within 
the State. This paragraph does not apply to the transportation of 
material found by the Secretary to be hazardous under 49 U.S.C. 5103 in 
a quantity requiring placarding under regulations issued to carry out 
such section.
    Twenty-four-hour period means any 24-consecutive-hour period 
beginning at the time designated by the motor carrier for the terminal 
from which the driver is normally dispatched.
    Utility service vehicle means any commercial motor vehicle:
    (1) Used in the furtherance of repairing, maintaining, or operating 
any structures or any other physical facilities necessary for the 
delivery of public utility services, including the furnishing of 
electric, gas, water, sanitary sewer, telephone, and television cable or 
community antenna service;
    (2) While engaged in any activity necessarily related to the 
ultimate delivery of such public utility services to consumers, 
including travel or movement to, from, upon, or between activity sites 
(including occasional travel or movement outside the service area 
necessitated by any utility emergency as determined by the utility 
provider); and
    (3) Except for any occasional emergency use, operated primarily 
within the service area of a utility's subscribers or consumers, without 
regard to whether the vehicle is owned, leased, or rented by the 
utility.

[57 FR 33648, July 30, 1992]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
395.2, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.fdsys.gov.



Sec.  395.3  Maximum driving time for property-carrying vehicles.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in Sec.  395.1, no motor carrier 
shall permit or require any driver used by it to drive a property-
carrying commercial motor vehicle, nor shall any such driver drive a 
property-carrying commercial motor vehicle, regardless of the number of 
motor carriers using the driver's services, unless the driver complies 
with the following requirements:
    (1) Start of work shift. A driver may not drive without first taking 
10 consecutive hours off duty;
    (2) 14-hour period. A driver may not drive after a period of 14 
consecutive hours after coming on-duty following 10 consecutive hours 
off-duty.
    (3) Driving time and interruptions of driving periods--(i) Driving 
time. A driver may drive a total of 11 hours during the period specified 
in paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (ii) Interruption of driving time. Except for drivers who qualify 
for either of the short-haul exceptions in Sec.  395.1(e)(1) or (2), 
driving is not permitted if more than 8 hours of driving time have 
passed without at least a consecutive 30-minute interruption in driving 
status. A consecutive 30-minute interruption of driving status may be 
satisfied

[[Page 637]]

either by off-duty, sleeper berth or on-duty not driving time or by a 
combination of off-duty, sleeper berth and on-duty not driving time.
    (b) No motor carrier shall permit or require a driver of a property-
carrying commercial motor vehicle to drive, nor shall any driver drive a 
property-carrying commercial motor vehicle, regardless of the number of 
motor carriers using the driver's services, for any period after--
    (1) Having been on duty 60 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days 
if the employing motor carrier does not operate commercial motor 
vehicles every day of the week; or
    (2) Having been on duty 70 hours in any period of 8 consecutive days 
if the employing motor carrier operates commercial motor vehicles every 
day of the week.
    (c)(1) Any period of 7 consecutive days may end with the beginning 
of an off-duty period of 34 or more consecutive hours.
    (2) Any period of 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of 
an off-duty period of 34 or more consecutive hours.

[76 FR 81188, Dec. 27, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013; 
78 FR 64181, Oct. 28, 2013; 84 FR 48081, Sept. 12, 2019; 85 FR 33452, 
June 1, 2020]



Sec.  395.5  Maximum driving time for passenger-carrying vehicles.

    Subject to the exceptions and exemptions in Sec.  395.1:
    (a) No motor carrier shall permit or require any driver used by it 
to drive a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, nor shall any 
such driver drive a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle:
    (1) More than 10 hours following 8 consecutive hours off duty; or
    (2) For any period after having been on duty 15 hours following 8 
consecutive hours off duty.
    (b) No motor carrier shall permit or require a driver of a 
passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle to drive, nor shall any 
driver drive a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle, regardless 
of the number of motor carriers using the driver's services, for any 
period after--
    (1) Having been on duty 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days if the 
employing motor carrier does not operate commercial motor vehicles every 
day of the week; or
    (2) Having been on duty 70 hours in any period of 8 consecutive days 
if the employing motor carrier operates commercial motor vehicles every 
day of the week.

[70 FR 50073, Aug. 25, 2005]



Sec.  395.7  [Reserved]



Sec.  395.8  Driver's record of duty status.

    (a)(1) Except for a private motor carrier of passengers 
(nonbusiness), as defined in Sec.  390.5 of this subchapter, a motor 
carrier subject to the requirements of this part must require each 
driver used by the motor carrier to record the driver's duty status for 
each 24-hour period using the method prescribed in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) 
through (iv) of this section, as applicable.
    (i) Subject to paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section, a 
motor carrier operating commercial motor vehicles must install and 
require each of its drivers to use an ELD to record the driver's duty 
status in accordance with subpart B of this part no later than December 
18, 2017.
    (ii) A motor carrier that installs and requires a driver to use an 
automatic on-board recording device in accordance with Sec.  395.15 
before December 18, 2017 may continue to use the compliant automatic on-
board recording device no later than December 16, 2019.
    (iii)(A) A motor carrier may require a driver to record the driver's 
duty status manually in accordance with this section, rather than 
require the use of an ELD, if the driver is operating a commercial motor 
vehicle:
    (1) In a manner requiring completion of a record of duty status on 
not more than 8 days within any 30-day period;
    (2) In a driveaway-towaway operation in which the vehicle being 
driven is part of the shipment being delivered;
    (3) In a driveaway-towaway operation in which the vehicle being 
transported is a motor home or a recreation vehicle trailer; or

[[Page 638]]

    (4) That was manufactured before model year 2000, as reflected in 
the vehicle identification number as shown on the vehicle's 
registration.
    (B) The record of duty status must be recorded in duplicate for each 
24-hour period for which recording is required. The duty status shall be 
recorded on a specified grid, as shown in paragraph (g) of this section. 
The grid and the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section may be 
combined with any company form.
    (iv) Subject to paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, 
until December 18, 2017, a motor carrier operating commercial motor 
vehicles shall require each of its drivers to record the driver's record 
of duty status:
    (A) Using an ELD that meets the requirements of subpart B of this 
part;
    (B) Using an automatic on-board recording device that meets the 
requirements of Sec.  395.15; or
    (C) Manually, recorded on a specified grid as shown in paragraph (g) 
of this section. The grid and the requirements of paragraph (d) of this 
section may be combined with any company form. The record of duty status 
must be recorded in duplicate for each 24-hour period for which 
recording is required.
    (2) A driver operating a commercial motor vehicle must:
    (i) Record the driver's duty status using one of the methods under 
paragraph (a)(1) of this section; and
    (ii) Submit the driver's record of duty status to the motor carrier 
within 13 days of the 24-hour period to which the record pertains.
    (b) The duty status shall be recorded as follows:
    (1) ``Off duty'' or ``OFF.''
    (2) ``Sleeper berth'' or ``SB'' (only if a sleeper berth used).
    (3) ``Driving'' or ``D.''
    (4) ``On-duty not driving'' or ``ON.''
    (c) For each change of duty status (e.g., the place of reporting for 
work, starting to drive, on-duty not driving and where released from 
work), the name of the city, town, or village, with State abbreviation, 
shall be recorded.

    Note: If a change of duty status occurs at a location other than a 
city, town, or village, show one of the following: (1) The highway 
number and nearest milepost followed by the name of the nearest city, 
town, or village and State abbreviation, (2) the highway number and the 
name of the service plaza followed by the name of the nearest city, 
town, or village and State abbreviation, or (3) the highway numbers of 
the nearest two intersecting roadways followed by the name of the 
nearest city, town, or village and State abbreviation.

    (d) The following information must be included on the form in 
addition to the grid:
    (1) Date;
    (2) Total miles driving today;
    (3) Truck or tractor and trailer number;
    (4) Name of carrier;
    (5) Driver's signature/certification;
    (6) 24-hour period starting time (e.g. midnight, 9:00 a.m., noon, 
3:00 p.m.);
    (7) Main office address;
    (8) Remarks;
    (9) Name of co-driver;
    (10) Total hours (far right edge of grid);
    (11) Shipping document number(s), or name of shipper and commodity;
    (e)(1) No driver or motor carrier may make a false report in 
connection with a duty status.
    (2) No driver or motor carrier may disable, deactivate, disengage, 
jam, or otherwise block or degrade a signal transmission or reception, 
or reengineer, reprogram, or otherwise tamper with an automatic on-board 
recording device or ELD so that the device does not accurately record 
and retain required data.
    (3) No driver or motor carrier may permit or require another person 
to disable, deactivate, disengage, jam, or otherwise block or degrade a 
signal transmission or reception, or reengineer, reprogram, or otherwise 
tamper with an automatic on-board recording device or ELD so that the 
device does not accurately record and retain required data.
    (f) The driver's activities shall be recorded in accordance with the 
following provisions:
    (1) Entries to be current. Drivers shall keep their records of duty 
status current to the time shown for the last change of duty status.
    (2) Entries made by driver only. All entries relating to a driver's 
duty status must be legible and made by the driver.
    (3) Date. The month, day and year for the beginning of each 24-hour 
period

[[Page 639]]

shall be shown on the form containing the driver's duty status record.
    (4) Total miles driving today. Total mileage driven during the 24-
hour period shall be recorded on the form containing the driver's duty 
status record.
    (5) Commercial motor vehicle identification. The driver shall show 
the number assigned by the motor carrier, or the license number and 
licensing State of each commercial motor vehicle operated during each 
24-hour period on his/her record of duty status. The driver of an 
articulated (combination) commercial motor vehicle shall show the number 
assigned by the motor carrier, or the license number and licensing State 
of each motor vehicle used in each commercial motor vehicle combination 
operated during that 24-hour period on his/her record of duty status.
    (6) Name of motor carrier. The name(s) of the motor carrier(s) for 
which work is performed shall be shown on the form containing the 
driver's record of duty status. When work is performed for more than one 
motor carrier during the same 24-hour period, the beginning and 
finishing time, showing a.m. or p.m., worked for each motor carrier 
shall be shown after each motor carrier's name. Drivers of leased 
commercial motor vehicles shall show the name of the motor carrier 
performing the transportation.
    (7) Signature/certification. The driver shall certify to the 
correctness of all entries by signing the form containing the driver's 
duty status record with his/her legal name or name of record. The 
driver's signature certifies that all entries required by this section 
made by the driver are true and correct.
    (8) Time base to be used. (i) The driver's duty status record shall 
be prepared, maintained, and submitted using the time standard in effect 
at the driver's home terminal, for a 24-hour period beginning with the 
time specified by the motor carrier for that driver's home terminal.
    (ii) The term ``7 or 8 consecutive days'' means the 7 or 8 
consecutive 24-hour periods as designated by the carrier for the 
driver's home terminal.
    (iii) The 24-hour period starting time must be identified on the 
driver's duty status record. One-hour increments must appear on the 
graph, be identified, and preprinted. The words ``Midnight'' and 
``Noon'' must appear above or beside the appropriate one-hour increment.
    (9) Main office address. The motor carrier's main office address 
shall be shown on the form containing the driver's duty status record.
    (10) Recording days off duty. Two or more consecutive 24-hour 
periods off duty may be recorded on one duty status record.
    (11) Total hours. The total hours in each duty status: off duty 
other than in a sleeper berth; off duty in a sleeper berth; driving, and 
on duty not driving, shall be entered to the right of the grid, the 
total of such entries shall equal 24 hours.
    (12) Shipping document number(s) or name of shipper and commodity 
shall be shown on the driver's record of duty status.
    (g) Graph grid. The following graph grid must be incorporated into a 
motor carrier recordkeeping system which must also contain the 
information required in paragraph (d) of this section.

[[Page 640]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.034

    (h) Graph grid preparation. The graph grid may be used horizontally 
or vertically and shall be completed as follows:
    (1) Off duty. Except for time spent resting in a sleeper berth, a 
continuous line shall be drawn between the appropriate time markers to 
record the period(s) of time when the driver is not on duty, is not 
required to be in readiness to work, or is not under any responsibility 
for performing work.
    (2) Sleeper berth. A continuous line shall be drawn between the 
appropriate time markers to record the period(s) of time off duty 
resting in a sleeper berth, as defined in Sec.  395.2. (If a non-sleeper 
berth operation, sleeper berth need not be shown on the grid.)
    (3) Driving. A continuous line shall be drawn between the 
appropriate time markers to record the period(s) of driving time, as 
defined in Sec.  395.2.
    (4) On duty not driving. A continuous line shall be drawn between 
the appropriate time markers to record the period(s) of time on duty not 
driving specified in Sec.  395.2.
    (5) Location--remarks. The name of the city, town, or village, with 
State abbreviation where each change of duty status occurs shall be 
recorded.


[[Page 641]]


    Note: If a change of duty status occurs at a location other than a 
city, town, or village, show one of the following: (1) The highway 
number and nearest milepost followed by the name of the nearest city, 
town, or village and State abbreviation, (2) the highway number and the 
name of the service plaza followed by the name of the nearest city, 
town, or village and State abbreviation, or (3) the highway numbers of 
the nearest two intersecting roadways followed by the name of the 
nearest city, town, or village and State abbreviation.

    (i) [Reserved]
    (j) Drivers used by more than one motor carrier. (1) When the 
services of a driver are used by more than one motor carrier during any 
24-hour period in effect at the driver's home terminal, the driver shall 
submit a copy of the record of duty status to each motor carrier. The 
record shall include:
    (i) All duty time for the entire 24-hour period;
    (ii) The name of each motor carrier served by the driver during that 
period; and
    (iii) The beginning and finishing time, including a.m. or p.m., 
worked for each carrier.
    (2) Motor carriers, when using a driver for the first time or 
intermittently, shall obtain from the driver a signed statement giving 
the total time on duty during the immediately preceding 7 days and the 
time at which the driver was last relieved from duty prior to beginning 
work for the motor carriers.
    (k) Retention of driver's record of duty status and supporting 
documents. (1) A motor carrier shall retain records of duty status and 
supporting documents required under this part for each of its drivers 
for a period of not less than 6 months from the date of receipt.
    (2) The driver shall retain a copy of each record of duty status for 
the previous 7 consecutive days which shall be in his/her possession and 
available for inspection while on duty.

    Note: Driver's Record of Duty Status.

    The graph grid, when incorporated as part of any form used by a 
motor carrier, must be of sufficient size to be legible.
    The following executed specimen grid illustrates how a driver's duty 
status should be recorded for a trip from Richmond, Virginia, to Newark, 
New Jersey. The grid reflects the midnight to midnight 24 hour period.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.035

               Graph Grid (Midnight to Midnight Operation)

    The driver in this instance reported for duty at the motor carrier's 
terminal. The driver reported for work at 6 a.m., helped load, checked 
with dispatch, made a pretrip inspection, and performed other duties 
until 7:30 a.m. when the driver began driving. At 9 a.m. the driver had 
a minor accident in Fredericksburg, Virginia, and spent one half hour 
handling details with the local police. The driver arrived at the 
company's Baltimore, Maryland, terminal at noon and went to lunch while 
minor repairs were made to the tractor. At 1 p.m. the driver resumed the 
trip and made a delivery in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, between 3 p.m. 
and 3:30 p.m. at which time the driver started driving again. Upon 
arrival at Cherry Hill, New Jersey, at 4 p.m., the driver entered the 
sleeper berth for a rest break until 5:45 p.m. at which time the driver 
resumed driving again. At 7 p.m. the driver arrived at the company's 
terminal in Newark, New Jersey. Between 7 p.m. and

[[Page 642]]

8 p.m. the driver prepared the required paperwork including completing 
the driver's record of duty status, driver vehicle inspection report, 
insurance report for the Fredericksburg, Virginia accident, checked for 
the next day's dispatch, etc. At 8 p.m., the driver went off duty.

[47 FR 53389, Nov. 26, 1982]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec.  
395.8, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the 
Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.



Sec.  395.10  [Reserved]



Sec.  395.11  Supporting documents.

    (a) Effective date. This section takes effect December 18, 2017.
    (b) Submission of supporting documents to motor carrier. Except 
drivers for a private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness), a 
driver must submit to the driver's employer the driver's supporting 
documents within 13 days of either the 24-hour period to which the 
documents pertain or the day the document comes into the driver's 
possession, whichever is later.
    (c) Supporting document retention. (1) Subject to paragraph (d) of 
this section, a motor carrier must retain each supporting document 
generated or received in the normal course of business in the following 
categories for each of its drivers for every 24-hour period to verify 
on-duty not driving time in accordance with Sec.  395.8(k):
    (i) Each bill of lading, itinerary, schedule, or equivalent document 
that indicates the origin and destination of each trip;
    (ii) Each dispatch record, trip record, or equivalent document;
    (iii) Each expense receipt related to any on-duty not driving time;
    (iv) Each electronic mobile communication record, reflecting 
communications transmitted through a fleet management system; and
    (v) Each payroll record, settlement sheet, or equivalent document 
that indicates payment to a driver.
    (2)(i) A supporting document must include each of the following data 
elements:
    (A) On the document or on another document that enables the carrier 
to link the document to the driver, the driver's name or personal 
identification number (PIN) or a unit (vehicle) number if the unit 
number can be associated with the driver operating the unit;
    (B) The date, which must be the date at the location where the date 
is recorded;
    (C) The location, which must include the name of the nearest city, 
town, or village to enable Federal, State, or local enforcement 
personnel to quickly determine a vehicle's location on a standard map or 
road atlas; and
    (D) Subject to paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, the time, which 
must be convertible to the local time at the location where it is 
recorded.
    (ii) If a driver has fewer than eight supporting documents 
containing the four data elements under paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this 
section for a 24-hour period, a document containing the data elements 
under paragraphs (c)(2)(i)(A) through (C) of this section is considered 
a supporting document for purposes of paragraph (d) of this section.
    (d) Maximum number of supporting documents. (1) Subject to 
paragraphs (d)(3) and (4) of this section, a motor carrier need not 
retain more than eight supporting documents for an individual driver's 
24-hour period under paragraph (c) of this section.
    (2) In applying the limit on the number of documents required under 
paragraph (d)(1) of this section, each electronic mobile communication 
record applicable to an individual driver's 24-hour period shall be 
counted as a single document.
    (3) If a motor carrier has more than eight supporting documents for 
a driver's 24 hour period, the motor carrier must retain the supporting 
documents containing the earliest and the latest time indications among 
the eight supporting documents retained.
    (4) In addition to other supporting documents required under this 
section, and notwithstanding the maximum number of documents under 
paragraph (d)(1) of this section, a motor carrier that requires a driver 
to complete a paper record of duty status under Sec.  395.8(a)(1)(iii) 
must maintain toll receipts for any period when the driver kept paper 
records of duty status.

[[Page 643]]

    (e) Link to driver's record of duty status. A motor carrier must 
retain supporting documents in such a manner that they may be 
effectively matched to the corresponding driver's record of duty status.
    (f) Prohibition of destruction. No motor carrier or driver may 
obscure, deface, destroy, mutilate, or alter existing information 
contained in a supporting document.
    (g) Supporting documents at roadside. (1) Upon request during a 
roadside inspection, a driver must make available to an authorized 
Federal, State, or local official for the official's review any 
supporting document in the driver's possession.
    (2) A driver need not produce a supporting document under paragraph 
(g)(1) of this section in a format other than the format in which the 
driver possesses it.
    (h) Self-compliance systems. (1) FMCSA may authorize on a case-by-
case basis motor carrier self-compliance systems.
    (2) Requests for use of a supporting document self-compliance system 
may be submitted to FMCSA under the procedures described in 49 CFR part 
381, subpart C (Procedures for Applying for Exemptions).
    (3) FMCSA will consider requests concerning types of supporting 
documents retained by a motor carrier under Sec.  395.8(k)(1) and the 
method by which a driver retains a copy of the record of duty status for 
the previous 7 days and makes it available for inspection while on duty 
in accordance with Sec.  395.8.

[80 FR 78384, Dec. 16, 2015]



Sec.  395.12  [Reserved]



Sec.  395.13  Drivers ordered out of service.

    (a) Authority to order drivers out of service. Every special agent 
of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (as defined in 
appendix B to this subchapter) is authorized to order a driver out of 
service and to notify the motor carrier of that order, upon finding at 
the time and place of examination that the driver has violated the out-
of- service criteria as set forth in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) Out of service criteria. (1) No driver shall drive after being 
on duty in excess of the maximum periods permitted by this part.
    (2) No driver required to maintain a record of duty status under 
Sec.  395.8 or Sec.  395.15 of this part shall fail to have a record of 
duty status current on the day of examination and for the prior seven 
consecutive days.
    (3) Exception. A driver failing only to have possession of a record 
of duty status current on the day of examination and the prior day, but 
has completed records of duty status up to that time (previous 6 days), 
will be given the opportunity to make the duty status record current.
    (c) Responsibilities of motor carriers. (1) No motor carrier shall:
    (i) Require or permit a driver who has been ordered out of service 
to operate a commercial motor vehicle until that driver may lawfully do 
so under the rules in this part.
    (ii) Require a driver who has been ordered out of service for 
failure to prepare a record of duty status to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle until that driver has been off duty for the appropriate number 
of consecutive hours required by this part and is in compliance with 
this section. The appropriate consecutive hours off duty may include 
sleeper berth time.
    (2) A motor carrier shall complete the ``Motor Carrier Certification 
of Action Taken'' portion of the form ``Driver/Vehicle Examination 
Report'' and deliver the copy of the form either personally or by mail 
to the Division Administrator or State Director Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration, at the address specified upon the form within 15 
days following the date of examination. If the motor carrier mails the 
form, delivery is made on the date it is postmarked.
    (d) Responsibilities of the driver. (1) No driver who has been 
ordered out of service shall operate a commercial motor vehicle until 
that driver may lawfully do so under the rules of this part.
    (2) No driver who has been ordered out of service, for failing to 
prepare a record of duty status, shall operate a commercial motor 
vehicle until the

[[Page 644]]

driver has been off duty for the appropriate number of consecutive hours 
required by this part and is in compliance with this section.
    (3) A driver to whom a form has been tendered ordering the driver 
out of service shall within 24 hours thereafter deliver or mail the copy 
to a person or place designated by the motor carrier to receive it.
    (4) Section 395.13 does not alter the hazardous materials 
requirements prescribed in Sec.  397.5 pertaining to attendance and 
surveillance of commercial motor vehicles.

[44 FR 34963, June 18, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 53392, Nov. 26, 1982; 
51 FR 12622, Apr. 14, 1986; 53 FR 18058, May 19, 1988; 53 FR 38670, 
Sept. 30, 1988; 53 FR 47544, Nov. 23, 1988; 60 FR 38748, July 28, 1995; 
66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 68 FR 22516, Apr. 28, 2003; 70 FR 50073, Aug. 
25, 2005; 75 FR 17245, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 FR 28451, May 14, 2012; 83 FR 
22878, May 17, 2018; 86 FR 57076, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  395.15  Automatic on-board recording devices.

    (a) Authority to use. (1) A motor carrier that installs and requires 
a driver to use an automatic on-board recording device in accordance 
with this section before December 18, 2017 may continue to use the 
compliant automatic on-board recording device no later than December 16, 
2019. Otherwise, the authority to use automatic on-board recording 
devices under this section ends on December 18, 2017.
    (2) In accordance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section, a motor 
carrier may require a driver to use an automatic on-board recording 
device to record the driver's hours of service.
    (3) Every driver required by a motor carrier to use an automatic on-
board recording device shall use such device to record the driver's 
hours of service.
    (b) Information requirements. (1) Automatic on-board recording 
devices shall produce, upon demand, a driver's hours of service chart, 
electronic display, or printout showing the time and sequence of duty 
status changes including the drivers' starting time at the beginning of 
each day.
    (2) The device shall provide a means whereby authorized Federal, 
State, or local officials can immediately check the status of a driver's 
hours of service. This information may be used in conjunction with 
records of duty status maintained in other media, for the previous 7 
days.
    (3) Support systems used in conjunction with on-board recorders at a 
driver's home terminal or the motor carrier's principal place of 
business must be capable of providing authorized Federal, State or local 
officials with summaries of an individual driver's hours of service 
records, including the information specified in Sec.  395.8(d) of this 
part. The support systems must also provide information concerning on-
board system sensor failures and identification of edited data. Such 
support systems should meet the information interchange requirements of 
the American National Standard Code for Information Interchange (ANSCII) 
(EIARS-232/CCITT V.24 port (National Bureau of Standards ``Code for 
Information Interchange,'' FIPS PUB 1-1)).
    (4) The driver shall have in his/her possession records of duty 
status for the previous 7 consecutive days available for inspection 
while on duty. These records shall consist of information stored in and 
retrievable from the automatic on-board recording device, other written 
records, or any combination thereof.
    (5) All copies of other written records of duty status referenced in 
paragraph (b)(4) of this section must be signed by the driver. The 
driver's signature certifies that the information contained thereon is 
true and correct.
    (c) The duty status and additional information shall be recorded as 
follows:
    (1) ``Off duty'' or ``OFF'', or by an identifiable code or 
character;
    (2) ``Sleeper berth'' or ``SB'' or by an identifiable code or 
character (only if the sleeper berth is used);
    (3) ``Driving'' or ``D'', or by an identifiable code or character; 
and
    (4) ``On-duty not driving'' or ``ON'', or by an identifiable code or 
character.
    (5) Date;
    (6) Total miles driving today;
    (7) Truck or tractor and trailer number;
    (8) Name of carrier;
    (9) Main office address;
    (10) 24-hour period starting time (e.g., midnight, 9:00 a.m., noon, 
3:00 p.m.)
    (11) Name of co-driver;
    (12) Total hours; and

[[Page 645]]

    (13) Shipping document number(s), or name of shipper and commodity.
    (d) Location of duty status change. (1) For each change of duty 
status (e.g., the place and time of reporting for work, starting to 
drive, on-duty not driving and where released from work), the name of 
the city, town, or village, with State abbreviation, shall be recorded.
    (2) Motor carriers are permitted to use location codes in lieu of 
the requirements of paragraph (d)(1) of this section. A list of such 
codes showing all possible location identifiers shall be carried in the 
cab of the commercial motor vehicle and available at the motor carrier's 
principal place of business. Such lists shall be made available to an 
enforcement official on request.
    (e) Entries made by driver only. If a driver is required to make 
written entries relating to the driver's duty status, such entries must 
be made by the driver and be legible.
    (f) Reconstruction of records of duty status. Drivers are required 
to note any failure of automatic on-board recording devices, and to 
reconstruct the driver's record of duty status for the current day and 
the past 7 days, less any days for which the drivers have records, and 
to continue to prepare a written record of all subsequent duty status 
until the device is again operational.
    (g) On-board information. Each commercial motor vehicle must have 
on-board the commercial motor vehicle an information packet containing 
the following items:
    (1) An instruction sheet describing in detail how data may be stored 
and retrieved from an automatic on-board recording system; and
    (2) A supply of blank driver's records of duty status graph-grids 
sufficient to record the driver's duty status and other related 
information for the duration of the current trip.
    (h) Submission of driver's record of duty status. (1) The driver 
shall submit to the employing motor carrier, each record of the driver's 
duty status within 13 days following the completion of each record;
    (2) The driver shall review and verify that all entries are accurate 
prior to submission to the employing motor carrier; and
    (3) The submission of the record of duty status certifies that all 
entries made by the driver are true and correct.
    (i) Performance of recorders. Motor carriers that use automatic on-
board recording devices for recording their drivers' records of duty 
status shall ensure that:
    (1) A certificate is obtained from the manufacturer certifying that 
the design of the automatic on-board recorder has been sufficiently 
tested to meet the requirements of this section and under the conditions 
it will be used;
    (2) The automatic on-board recording device permits duty status to 
be updated only when the commercial motor vehicle is at rest, except 
when registering the time a commercial motor vehicle crosses a State 
boundary;
    (3) The automatic on-board recording device and associated support 
systems are, to the maximum extent practicable, tamperproof and do not 
permit altering of the information collected concerning the driver's 
hours of service;
    (4) The automatic on-board recording device warns the driver 
visually and/or audibly that the device has ceased to function;
    (5) Automatic on-board recording devices with electronic displays 
shall have the capability of displaying the following:
    (i) Driver's total hours of driving today;
    (ii) The total hours on duty today;
    (iii) Total miles driving today;
    (iv) Total hours on duty for the 7 consecutive day period, including 
today;
    (v) Total hours on duty for the prior 8 consecutive day period, 
including the present day; and
    (vi) The sequential changes in duty status and the times the changes 
occurred for each driver using the device.
    (6) The on-board recorder is capable of recording separately each 
driver's duty status when there is a multiple-driver operation;
    (7) The on-board recording device/system identifies sensor failures 
and edited data;

[[Page 646]]

    (8) The on-board recording device is maintained and recalibrated in 
accordance with the manufacturer's specifications;
    (9) The motor carrier's drivers are adequately trained regarding the 
proper operation of the device; and
    (10) The motor carrier must maintain a second copy (back-up copy) of 
the electronic hours-of-service files, by month, in a different physical 
location than where the original data is stored.
    (j) Rescission of authority. (1) The FMCSA may, after notice and 
opportunity to reply, order any motor carrier or driver to comply with 
the requirements of Sec.  395.8 of this part.
    (2) The FMCSA may issue such an order if the FMCSA has determined 
that--
    (i) The motor carrier has been issued a conditional or 
unsatisfactory safety rating by the FMCSA;
    (ii) The motor carrier has required or permitted a driver to 
establish, or the driver has established, a pattern of exceeding the 
hours of service limitations of this part;
    (iii) The motor carrier has required or permitted a driver to fail, 
or the driver has failed, to accurately and completely record the 
driver's hours of service as required in this section; or
    (iv) The motor carrier or driver has tampered with or otherwise 
abused the automatic on-board recording device on any commercial motor 
vehicle.

[53 FR 38670, Sept. 30, 1988, as amended at 60 FR 38748, July 28, 1995; 
68 FR 22516, Apr. 28, 2003; 70 FR 50073, Aug. 25, 2005; 75 FR 17245, 
Apr. 5, 2010; 77 FR 28451, May 14, 2012; 80 FR 78385, Dec. 16, 2015; 83 
FR 16227, Apr. 16, 2018; 83 FR 24228, May 25, 2018]



Sec. Sec.  395.16-395.19  [Reserved]



               Subpart B_Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs)

    Source: 80 FR 78385, Dec. 16, 2015, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  395.20  ELD applicability and scope.

    (a) Scope. This subpart applies to ELDs used to record a driver's 
hours of service under Sec.  395.8(a).
    (b) Applicability. An ELD used after December 18, 2017 must meet the 
requirements of this subpart.



Sec.  395.22  Motor carrier responsibilities--In general.

    (a) Registered ELD required. A motor carrier required to use an ELD 
must use only an ELD that is listed on the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration's registered ELDs list, accessible through the Agency's 
Web site, www.fmcsa.dot.gov/devices.
    (b) User rights management. (1) This paragraph applies to a motor 
carrier whose drivers use ELDs and to the motor carrier's support 
personnel who have been authorized by the motor carrier to access ELD 
records and make or suggest authorized edits.
    (2) A motor carrier must:
    (i) Manage ELD accounts, including creating, deactivating, and 
updating accounts, and ensure that properly authenticated individuals 
have ELD accounts with appropriate rights;
    (ii) Assign a unique ELD username to each user account with the 
required user identification data;
    (iii) Ensure that a driver's license used in the creation of an ELD 
driver account is valid and corresponds to the driver using the ELD 
account; and
    (iv) Ensure that information entered to create a new account is 
accurate.
    (c) Driver identification data. (1) The ELD user account assigned by 
the motor carrier to a driver requires the following data elements:
    (i) A driver's first and last name, as reflected on the driver's 
license;
    (ii) A unique ELD username selected by the motor carrier;
    (iii) The driver's valid driver's license number; and
    (iv) The State or jurisdiction that issued the driver's license.
    (2) The driver's license number or Social Security number must not 
be used as, or as part of, the username for the account created on an 
ELD.
    (d) Motor carrier support personnel identification data. The ELD 
user account assigned by a motor carrier to support personnel requires 
the following data elements:
    (1) The individual's first and last name, as reflected on a 
government issued identification; and
    (2) A unique ELD username selected by the motor carrier.
    (e) Proper log-in required. The motor carrier must require that its 
drivers

[[Page 647]]

and support personnel log into the ELD system using their proper 
identification data.
    (f) Calibration. A motor carrier must ensure that an ELD is 
calibrated and maintained in accordance with the provider's 
specifications.
    (g) Portable ELDs. If a driver uses a portable ELD, the motor 
carrier shall ensure that the ELD is mounted in a fixed position during 
the operation of the commercial motor vehicle and visible to the driver 
when the driver is seated in the normal driving position.
    (h) In-vehicle information. A motor carrier must ensure that its 
drivers possess onboard a commercial motor vehicle an ELD information 
packet containing the following items:
    (1) A user's manual for the driver describing how to operate the 
ELD;
    (2) An instruction sheet for the driver describing the data transfer 
mechanisms supported by the ELD and step-by-step instructions for the 
driver to produce and transfer the driver's hours-of-service records to 
an authorized safety official;
    (3) An instruction sheet for the driver describing ELD malfunction 
reporting requirements and recordkeeping procedures during ELD 
malfunctions; and
    (4) A supply of blank driver's records of duty status graph-grids 
sufficient to record the driver's duty status and other related 
information for a minimum of 8 days.
    (i) Record backup and security. (1) A motor carrier must retain for 
6 months a back-up copy of the ELD records on a device separate from 
that on which the original data are stored.
    (2) A motor carrier must retain a driver's ELD records so as to 
protect a driver's privacy in a manner consistent with sound business 
practices.
    (j) Record production. When requested by an authorized safety 
official, a motor carrier must produce ELD records in an electronic 
format either at the time of the request or, if the motor carrier has 
multiple offices or terminals, within the time permitted under Sec.  
390.29 of this subchapter.



Sec.  395.24  Driver responsibilities--In general.

    (a) In general. A driver must provide the information the ELD 
requires as prompted by the ELD and required by the motor carrier.
    (b) Driver's duty status. A driver must input the driver's duty 
status by selecting among the following categories available on the ELD:
    (1) ``Off duty'' or ``OFF'' or ``1'';
    (2) ``Sleeper berth'' or ``SB'' or ``2'', to be used only if sleeper 
berth is used;
    (3) ``Driving'' or ``D'' or ``3''; or
    (4) ``On-duty not driving'' or ``ON'' or ``4''.
    (c) Miscellaneous data. (1) A driver must manually input the 
following information in the ELD:
    (i) Annotations, when applicable;
    (ii) Driver's location description, when prompted by the ELD; and
    (iii) Output file comment, when directed by an authorized safety 
officer.
    (2) A driver must manually input or verify the following information 
on the ELD:
    (i) Commercial motor vehicle power unit number;
    (ii) Trailer number(s), if applicable; and
    (iii) Shipping document number, if applicable.
    (d) Driver use of ELD. On request by an authorized safety official, 
a driver must produce and transfer from an ELD the driver's hours-of-
service records in accordance with the instruction sheet provided by the 
motor carrier.



Sec.  395.26  ELD data automatically recorded.

    (a) In general. An ELD provides the following functions and 
automatically records the data elements listed in this section in 
accordance with the requirements contained in appendix A to subpart B of 
this part.
    (b) Data automatically recorded. The ELD automatically records the 
following data elements:
    (1) Date;
    (2) Time;
    (3) CMV geographic location information;
    (4) Engine hours;
    (5) Vehicle miles;
    (6) Driver or authenticated user identification data;
    (7) Vehicle identification data; and
    (8) Motor carrier identification data.

[[Page 648]]

    (c) Change of duty status. When a driver indicates a change of duty 
status under Sec.  395.24(b), the ELD records the data elements in 
paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section.
    (d) Intermediate recording. (1) When a commercial motor vehicle is 
in motion and there has not been a duty status change or another 
intermediate recording in the previous 1 hour, the ELD automatically 
records an intermediate recording that includes the data elements in 
paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section.
    (2) If the intermediate recording is created during a period when 
the driver indicates authorized personal use of a commercial motor 
vehicle, the data elements in paragraphs (b)(4) and (5) of this section 
(engine hours and vehicle miles) will be left blank and paragraph (b)(3) 
of this section (location) will be recorded with a single decimal point 
resolution (approximately within a 10-mile radius).
    (e) Change in special driving category. If a driver indicates a 
change in status under Sec.  395.28(a)(2), the ELD records the data 
elements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section.
    (f) Certification of the driver's daily record. The ELD provides a 
function for recording the driver's certification of the driver's 
records for every 24-hour period. When a driver certifies or recertifies 
the driver's records for a given 24-hour period under Sec.  
395.30(b)(2), the ELD records the date, time and driver identification 
data elements in paragraphs (b)(1), (2), and (6) of this section.
    (g) Log in/log out. When an authorized user logs into or out of an 
ELD, the ELD records the data elements in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) and 
(b)(4) through (8) of this section.
    (h) Engine power up/shut down. When a commercial motor vehicle's 
engine is powered up or powered down, the ELD records the data elements 
in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section.
    (i) Authorized personal use. If the record is created during a 
period when the driver has indicated authorized personal use of a 
commercial motor vehicle, the data element in paragraph (b)(3) of this 
section is logged with a single decimal point resolution (approximately 
within a 10-mile radius).
    (j) Malfunction and data diagnostic event. When an ELD detects or 
clears a malfunction or data diagnostic event, the ELD records the data 
elements in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) and (b)(4) through (8) of this 
section.



Sec.  395.28  Special driving categories; other driving statuses.

    (a) Special driving categories--(1) Motor carrier options. A motor 
carrier may configure an ELD to authorize a driver to indicate that the 
driver is operating a commercial motor vehicle under any of the 
following special driving categories:
    (i) Authorized personal use; and
    (ii) Yard moves.
    (2) Driver's responsibilities. A driver operating a commercial motor 
vehicle under one of the authorized categories listed in paragraph 
(a)(1) of this section:
    (i) Must select on the ELD the applicable special driving category 
before the start of the status and deselect when the indicated status 
ends; and
    (ii) When prompted by the ELD, annotate the driver's ELD record 
describing the driver's activity.
    (b) Drivers exempt from ELD use. A motor carrier may configure an 
ELD to designate a driver as exempt from ELD use.
    (c) Other driving statuses. A driver operating a commercial motor 
vehicle under any exception under Sec.  390.3(f) of this subchapter or 
Sec.  395.1 who is not covered under paragraph (a) or (b) of this 
section must annotate the driver's ELD record to explain the applicable 
exemption.



Sec.  395.30  ELD record submissions, edits, annotations, and data retention.

    (a) Accurate record keeping. A driver and the motor carrier must 
ensure that the driver's ELD records are accurate.
    (b) Review of records and certification by driver. (1) A driver must 
review the driver's ELD records, edit and correct inaccurate records, 
enter any missing information, and certify the accuracy of the 
information.
    (2) Using the certification function of the ELD, the driver must 
certify the driver's records by affirmatively selecting ``Agree'' 
immediately following

[[Page 649]]

a statement that reads, ``I hereby certify that my data entries and my 
record of duty status for this 24-hour period are true and correct.'' 
The driver must certify the record immediately after the final required 
entry has been made or corrected for the 24-hour period.
    (3) The driver must submit the driver's certified ELD records to the 
motor carrier in accordance with Sec.  395.8(a)(2).
    (4) If any edits are necessary after the driver submits the records 
to the motor carrier, the driver must recertify the record after the 
edits are made.
    (c) Edits, entries, and annotations. (1) Subject to the edit 
limitations of an ELD, a driver may edit, enter missing information, and 
annotate ELD recorded events. When edits, additions, or annotations are 
necessary, a driver must use the ELD and respond to the ELD's prompts.
    (2) The driver or support personnel must annotate each change or 
addition to a record.
    (3) In the case of team drivers, if there were a mistake resulting 
in the wrong driver being assigned driving-time hours by the ELD, and if 
the team drivers were both indicated in each other's records for that 
period as co-drivers, driving time may be edited and reassigned between 
the team drivers following the procedure supported by the ELD.
    (d) Motor carrier-proposed edits. (1) On review of a driver's 
submitted records, the motor carrier may request edits to a driver's 
records of duty status to ensure accuracy. A driver must confirm or 
reject any proposed change, implement the appropriate edits on the 
driver's record of duty status, and recertify and resubmit the records 
in order for any motor carrier-proposed changes to take effect.
    (2) A motor carrier may not request edits to the driver's electronic 
records before the records have been submitted by the driver.
    (3) Edits requested by any system or by any person other than the 
driver must require the driver's electronic confirmation or rejection.
    (e) Coercion prohibited. A motor carrier may not coerce a driver to 
make a false certification of the driver's data entries or record of 
duty status.
    (f) Motor carrier data retention requirements. A motor carrier must 
not alter or erase, or permit or require alteration or erasure of, the 
original information collected concerning the driver's hours of service, 
the source data streams used to provide that information, or information 
contained in any ELD that uses the original information and HOS source 
data.



Sec.  395.32  Non-authenticated driver logs.

    (a) Tracking non-authenticated operation. The ELD must associate the 
non-authenticated operation of a commercial motor vehicle with a single 
account labeled ``Unidentified Driver'' as soon as the vehicle is in 
motion, if no driver has logged into the ELD.
    (b) Driver. When a driver logs into an ELD, the driver must review 
any unassigned driving time when prompted by the ELD and must:
    (1) Assume any records that belong to the driver under the driver's 
account; or
    (2) Indicate that the records are not attributable to the driver.
    (c) Motor carrier. (1) A motor carrier must ensure that records of 
unidentified driving are reviewed and must:
    (i) Annotate the record, explaining why the time is unassigned; or
    (ii) Assign the record to the appropriate driver to correctly 
reflect the driver's hours of service.
    (2) A motor carrier must retain unidentified driving records for 
each ELD for a minimum of 6 months from the date of receipt.
    (3) During a safety inspection, audit or investigation by an 
authorized safety official, a motor carrier must make available 
unidentified driving records from the ELD corresponding to the time 
period for which ELD records are required.



Sec.  395.34  ELD malfunctions and data diagnostic events.

    (a) Recordkeeping during ELD malfunctions. In case of an ELD 
malfunction, a driver must do the following:
    (1) Note the malfunction of the ELD and provide written notice of 
the malfunction to the motor carrier within 24 hours;

[[Page 650]]

    (2) Reconstruct the record of duty status for the current 24-hour 
period and the previous 7 consecutive days, and record the records of 
duty status on graph-grid paper logs that comply with Sec.  395.8, 
unless the driver already possesses the records or the records are 
retrievable from the ELD; and
    (3) Continue to manually prepare a record of duty status in 
accordance with Sec.  395.8 until the ELD is serviced and brought back 
into compliance with this subpart.
    (b) Inspections during malfunctions. When a driver is inspected for 
hours of service compliance during an ELD malfunction, the driver must 
provide the authorized safety official the driver's records of duty 
status manually kept as specified under paragraphs (a)(2) and (3) of 
this section.
    (c) Driver requirements during ELD data diagnostic events. If an ELD 
indicates that there is a data inconsistency that generates a data 
diagnostic event, the driver must follow the motor carrier's and ELD 
provider's recommendations in resolving the data inconsistency.
    (d) Motor carrier requirements for repair, replacement, or service. 
(1) If a motor carrier receives or discovers information concerning the 
malfunction of an ELD, the motor carrier must take actions to correct 
the malfunction of the ELD within 8 days of discovery of the condition 
or a driver's notification to the motor carrier, whichever occurs first.
    (2) A motor carrier seeking to extend the period of time permitted 
for repair, replacement, or service of one or more ELDs shall notify the 
FMCSA Division Administrator for the State of the motor carrier's 
principal place of business within 5 days after a driver notifies the 
motor carrier under paragraph (a)(1) of this section. Each request for 
an extension under this section must be signed by the motor carrier and 
must contain:
    (i) The name, address, and telephone number of the motor carrier 
representative who files the request;
    (ii) The make, model, and serial number of each ELD;
    (iii) The date and location of each ELD malfunction as reported by 
the driver to the carrier; and
    (iv) A concise statement describing actions taken by the motor 
carrier to make a good faith effort to repair, replace, or service the 
ELD units, including why the carrier needs additional time beyond the 8 
days provided by this section.
    (3) If FMCSA determines that the motor carrier is continuing to make 
a good faith effort to ensure repair, replacement, or service to address 
the malfunction of each ELD, FMCSA may allow an additional period.
    (4) FMCSA will provide written notice to the motor carrier of its 
determination. The determination may include any conditions that FMCSA 
considers necessary to ensure hours-of-service compliance. The 
determination shall constitute a final agency action.
    (5) A motor carrier providing a request for extension that meets the 
requirements of paragraph (d)(2) of this section is deemed in compliance 
with Sec.  395.8(a)(1)(i) and (a)(2) until FMCSA makes an extension 
determination under this section, provided the motor carrier and driver 
continue to comply with the other requirements of this section.



Sec.  395.36  Driver access to records.

    (a) Records on ELD. Drivers must be able to access their own ELD 
records. A motor carrier must not introduce a process that would require 
a driver to go through the motor carrier to obtain copies of the 
driver's own ELD records if such records exist on or are automatically 
retrievable through the ELD operated by the driver.
    (b) Records in motor carrier's possession. On request, a motor 
carrier must provide a driver with access to and copies of the driver's 
own ELD records unavailable under paragraph (a) of this section during 
the period a motor carrier is required to retain the records under Sec.  
395.8(k).



Sec.  395.38  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Incorporation by reference. Certain materials are incorporated 
by reference in part 395, with the approval of the Director of the 
Office of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a), and 1 CFR part 51. 
To enforce any edition other than that specified in this section, the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety

[[Page 651]]

Administration must publish notice of the change in the Federal 
Register, and the material must be available to the public. All approved 
material is available for inspection at the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, Office of Analysis, Research and Technology, (800) 832-
5660, and is available from the sources listed below. It is also 
available for inspection at the National Archives and Records 
Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this 
material at NARA, call 202-741-6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/
federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.
    (b) American National Standards Institute (ANSI). 11 West 42nd 
Street, New York, New York 10036, http://webstore.ansi.org, (212) 642-
4900.
    (1) ANSI INCITS 4-1986 (R2012), American National Standard for 
Information Systems--Coded Character Sets--7-Bit American National 
Standard Code for Information Interchange (7-Bit ASCII), approved June 
14, 2007, IBR in section 4.8.2.1, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) ANSI INCITS 446-2008 (R2013), American National Standard for 
Information Technology--Identifying Attributes for Named Physical and 
Cultural Geographic Features (Except Roads and Highways) of the United 
States, Territories, Outlying Areas, and Freely Associated Areas, and 
the Waters of the Same to the Limit of the Twelve-Mile Statutory Zone, 
approved October 28, 2008, IBR in section 4.4.2, Appendix A to subpart 
B.
    (c) Bluetooth SIG, Inc. 5209 Lake Washington Blvd. NE., Suite 350, 
Kirkland, WA 98033, https://www.bluetooth.org/Technical/Specifications/
adopted.htm, (425) 691-3535.
    (1) Bluetooth SIG, Inc., Specification of the Bluetooth System: 
Wireless Connections Made Easy, Covered Core Package version 2.1 + EDR, 
volumes 0 through 4, approved July 26, 2007, IBR in sections 4.9.1, 
4.9.2, 4.10.1.4, 4.10.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (d) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 
Standards Association. 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-4141, http://
standards.ieee.org/index.html, (732) 981-0060.
    (1) IEEE Std 1667-2009, IEEE Standard for Authentication in Host 
Attachments of Transient Storage Devices, approved 11 November 2009, IBR 
in section 4.10.1.3, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (e) Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). C/o Association 
Management Solutions, LLC (AMS) 48377 Freemont Blvd., Suite 117, 
Freemont, CA 94538, (510) 492-4080.
    (1) IETF RFC 3565, Use of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 
Encryption Algorithm in Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS), approved 
July 2003, IBR in section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) IETF RFC 4056, Use of the RSASSA-PSS Signature Algorithm in 
Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS), approved June 2005, IBR in section 
4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (3) IETF RFC 5246, The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol 
Version 1.2, approved August 2008, IBR in section 4.10.1.1, Appendix A 
to subpart B.
    (4) IETF RFC 5321, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, approved October 
2008, IBR in section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (5) IETF RFC 5322, Internet Message Format, approved October 2008, 
IBR in section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (6) IETF RFC 5751, Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/
MIME) Version 3.2, Message Specification, approved January 2010, IBR in 
section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (7) IETF RFC 7230, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message 
Syntax and Routing, approved June 2014, IBR in section 4.10.1.1, 
Appendix A to subpart B.
    (8) IETF RFC 7231, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics 
and Content, approved June 2014, IBR in section 4.10.1.1, Appendix A to 
subpart B.
    (f) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). 100 
Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://
www.nist.gov, (301) 975-6478.
    (1) Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS PUB) 
197, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES),

[[Page 652]]

approved November 26, 2001, IBR in sections 4.10.1.2 and 4.10.1.3, 
Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) SP 800-32, Introduction to Public Key Technology and the Federal 
PKI Infrastructure, approved February 26, 2001, IBR in section 4.10.1.2, 
Appendix A to subpart B.
    (g) Universal Serial Bus Implementers Forum (USBIF). 3855 SW. 153rd 
Drive, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, http://www.usb.org, (503) 619-0426.
    (1) USB Implementers Forum, Inc., Universal Serial Bus 
Specification, Revision 2.0, approved April 27, 2000, as revised through 
April 3, 2015, IBR in sections 4.9.1, 4.9.2, 4.10.1.3, and 4.10.2, 
Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (h) World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). 32 Vassar Street, Building 32-
G514, Cambridge, MA 02139, http://www.w3.org, (617) 253-2613.
    (1) W3C Recommendation 27, SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging 
Framework (Second Edition), including errata, approved April 2007, IBR 
in section 4.10.1.1, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]



Sec. Appendix A to Subpart B of Part 395--Functional Specifications for 
                  All Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs)

                            Table of Contents

1. Scope and Description Scope
    1.1. ELD Function
    1.2. System Users
    1.3. System Architecture
    1.4. System Design
    1.5. Sections of Appendix
2. Abbreviations
3. Definitions; Notations
    3.1. Definitions
    3.1.1. Databus
    3.1.2. ELD Event
    3.1.3. Exempt Driver
    3.1.4. Geo-Location
    3.1.5. Ignition Power Cycle, Ignition Power On Cycle, Ignition Power 
Off Cycle
    3.1.6. Unidentified Driver
    3.2. Notations
4. Functional Requirements
    4.1. ELD User Accounts
    4.1.1. Account Types
    4.1.2. Account Creation
    4.1.3. Account Security
    4.1.4. Account Management
    4.1.5. Non-Authenticated Operation
    4.2. ELD-Vehicle Interface
    4.3. ELD Inputs
    4.3.1. ELD Sensing
    4.3.1.1. Engine Power Status
    4.3.1.2. Vehicle Motion Status
    4.3.1.3. Vehicle Miles
    4.3.1.4. Engine Hours
    4.3.1.5. Date and Time
    4.3.1.6. CMV Position
    4.3.1.7. CMV VIN
    4.3.2. Driver's Manual Entries
    4.3.2.1. Driver's Entry of Required Event Data Fields
    4.3.2.2. Driver's Status Inputs
    4.3.2.2.1. Driver's Indication of Duty Status
    4.3.2.2.2. Driver's Indication of Situations Impacting Driving Time 
Recording
    4.3.2.3. Driver's Certification of Records
    4.3.2.4. Driver's Data Transfer Initiation Input
    4.3.2.5. Driver's Entry of an Output File Comment
    4.3.2.6. Driver's Annotation of Records
    4.3.2.7. Driver's Entry of Location Information
    4.3.2.8. Driver's Record Entry/Edit
    4.3.2.8.1 Mechanism for Driver Edits and Annotations
    4.3.2.8.2 Driver Edit Limitations
    4.3.3. Motor Carrier's Manual Entries
    4.3.3.1. ELD Configuration
    4.3.3.1.1. Configuration of Available Categories Impacting Driving 
Time Recording
    4.3.3.1.2. Configuration of Using ELDs
    4.3.3.1.3. Motor Carrier's Post-Review Electronic Edit Request
    4.4. ELD Processing and Calculations
    4.4.1. Conditions for Automatic Setting of Duty Status
    4.4.1.1. Automatic Setting of Duty Status to Driving
    4.4.1.2. Automatic Setting of Duty Status to On-Duty Not Driving
    4.4.1.3. Other Automatic Duty-Status Setting Actions Prohibited
    4.4.2. Geo-Location Conversions
    4.4.3. Date and Time Conversions
    4.4.4. Setting of Event Parameters in Records, Edits, and Entries
    4.4.4.1. Event Sequence Identifier (ID) Number
    4.4.4.2. Event Record Status, Event Record Origin, Event Type 
Setting
    4.4.4.2.1. Records Automatically Logged by ELD
    4.4.4.2.2. Driver Edits
    4.4.4.2.3. Driver Entries
    4.4.4.2.4. Driver's Assumption of Unidentified Driver Logs
    4.4.4.2.5. Motor Carrier Edit Suggestions
    4.4.4.2.6. Driver's Actions Over Motor Carrier Edit Suggestions
    4.4.5. Data Integrity Check Functions
    4.4.5.1. Event Data Check
    4.4.5.1.1. Event Checksum Calculation
    4.4.5.1.2. Event Data Check Calculation
    4.4.5.2. Line Data Check
    4.4.5.2.1. Line Checksum Calculation
    4.4.5.2.2. Line Data Check Calculation

[[Page 653]]

    4.4.5.2.3. Line Data Check Value Inclusion in Output File
    4.4.5.3. File Data Check
    4.4.5.3.1. File Checksum Calculation
    4.4.5.3.2. File Data Check Value Calculation
    4.4.5.3.3. File Data Check Value Inclusion in Output File.
    4.5. ELD Recording
    4.5.1. Events and Data To Record
    4.5.1.1. Event: Change in Driver's Duty Status
    4.5.1.2. Event: Intermediate Logs
    4.5.1.3. Event: Change in Driver's Indication of Allowed Conditions 
that Impact Driving Time Recording
    4.5.1.4. Event: Driver's Certification of Own Records
    4.5.1.5. Event: Driver's Login/Logout Activity
    4.5.1.6. Event: CMV's Engine Power Up and Shut Down Activity
    4.5.1.7. Event: ELD Malfunction and Data Diagnostics Occurrence
    4.6. ELD's Self-Monitoring of Required Functions
    4.6.1. Compliance Self-Monitoring, Malfunctions and Data Diagnostic 
Events
    4.6.1.1. Power Compliance Monitoring
    4.6.1.2. Engine Synchronization Compliance Monitoring
    4.6.1.3. Timing Compliance Monitoring
    4.6.1.4. Positioning Compliance Monitoring
    4.6.1.5. Data Recording Compliance Monitoring
    4.6.1.6. Monitoring Records Logged under the Unidentified Driver 
Profile
    4.6.1.7. Data Transfer Compliance Monitoring
    4.6.1.8. Other Technology-Specific Operational Health Monitoring
    4.6.2. ELD Malfunction Status Indicator
    4.6.2.1. Visual Malfunction Indicator
    4.6.3. ELD Data Diagnostic Status Indicator
    4.6.3.1. Visual Data Diagnostics Indicator
    4.7. Special Purpose ELD Functions
    4.7.1. Driver's ELD Volume Control
    4.7.2. Driver's Access To Own ELD Records
    4.7.3. Privacy Preserving Provision for Use During Personal Uses of 
a CMV
    4.8. ELD Outputs
    4.8.1. Printout or Display
    4.8.1.1. Print Paper Requirements
    4.8.1.2. Display Requirements
    4.8.1.3. Information To Be Shown on the Printout and Display at 
Roadside
    4.8.2. ELD Data File
    4.8.2.1. ELD Output File Standard
    4.8.2.1.1. Header Segment
    4.8.2.1.2. User List
    4.8.2.1.3. CMV List
    4.8.2.1.4. ELD Event List for Driver's Record of Duty Status
    4.8.2.1.5. Event Annotations, Comments, and Driver's Location 
Description
    4.8.2.1.6. ELD Event List for Driver's Certification of Own Records
    4.8.2.1.7. Malfunction and Diagnostic Event Records
    4.8.2.1.8. ELD Login/Logout Report
    4.8.2.1.9. CMV's Engine Power-Up and Shut Down Activity
    4.8.2.1.10. ELD Event Log List for the Unidentified Driver Profile
    4.8.2.1.11. File Data Check Value
    4.8.2.2. ELD Output File Name Standard
    4.9. Data Transfer Capability Requirements
    4.9.1. Data Transfer During Roadside Safety Inspections
    4.9.2. Motor Carrier Data Reporting
    4.10. Communications Standards for the Transmittal of Data Files 
From ELDs
    4.10.1. Data Transfer Mechanisms
    4.10.1.1. Wireless Data Transfer via Web Services
    4.10.1.2. Wireless Data Transfer Through E-Mail
    4.10.1.3. Data Transfer via USB 2.0
    4.10.1.4 Wireless Data Transfer via Bluetooth[supreg]
    4.10.2. Motor Carrier Data Transmission
5. ELD Registration and Certification
    5.1. ELD Provider's Registration
    5.1.1. Registering Online
    5.1.2. Keeping Information Current
    5.1.3. Authentication Information Distribution
    5.2. Certification of Conformity With FMCSA Standards
    5.2.1. Online Certification
    5.2.2. Procedure To Validate an ELD's Authenticity
    5.3. Publicly Available Information
    5.4. Removal of Listed Certification
    5.4.1. Removal Process
    5.4.2. Notice
    5.4.3. Response
    5.4.4. Agency Action
    5.4.5. Administrative Review
6. References
7. Data Elements Dictionary
    7.1. 24-Hour Period Starting Time
    7.2. Carrier Name
    7.3. Carrier's USDOT Number
    7.4. CMV Power Unit Number
    7.5. CMV VIN
    7.6. Comment/Annotation
    7.7. Data Diagnostic Event Indicator Status
    7.8. Date
    7.9. Distance Since Last Valid Coordinates
    7.10. Driver's License Issuing State
    7.11. Driver's License Number
    7.12. Driver's Location Description
    7.13. ELD Account Type
    7.14. ELD Authentication Value
    7.15. ELD Identifier
    7.16. ELD Provider
    7.17. ELD Registration ID
    7.18. ELD Username
    7.19. Engine Hours
    7.20. Event Code
    7.21. Event Data Check Value
    7.22. Event Record Origin

[[Page 654]]

    7.23. Event Record Status
    7.24. Event Sequence ID Number
    7.25. Event Type
    7.26. Exempt Driver Configuration
    7.27. File Data Check Value
    7.28. First Name
    7.29. Geo-Location
    7.30. Last Name
    7.31. Latitude
    7.32. Line Data Check Value
    7.33. Longitude
    7.34. Malfunction/Diagnostic Code
    7.35. Malfunction Indicator Status
    7.36. Multiday Basis Used
    7.37. Order Number
    7.38. Output File Comment
    7.39. Shipping Document Number
    7.40. Time
    7.41. Time Zone Offset from UTC
    7.42. Trailer Number(s)
    7.43. Vehicle Miles

                        1. Scope and Description

    (a) This appendix specifies the minimal requirements for an 
electronic logging device (ELD) necessary for an ELD provider to build 
and certify that its technology is compliant with this appendix.

                            1.1. ELD Function

    The ELD discussed in this appendix is an electronic module capable 
of recording the electronic records of duty status for CMV drivers using 
the unit in a driving environment within a CMV and meets the compliance 
requirements in this appendix.

                            1.2. System Users

    Users of ELDs are:
    (a) CMV drivers employed by a motor carrier; and
    (b) Support personnel who have been authorized by the motor carrier 
to:
    (1) Create, remove, and manage user accounts;
    (2) Configure allowed ELD parameters; and
    (3) Access, review, and manage drivers' ELD records on behalf of the 
motor carrier.

                        1.3. System Architecture

    An ELD may be implemented as a stand-alone technology or within 
another electronic module. It may be installed in a CMV or may be 
implemented on a handheld unit that may be moved from vehicle to 
vehicle. The functional requirements are the same for all types of 
system architecture that may be used in implementing the ELD 
functionality.

                           1.4. System Design

    (a) An ELD is integrally synchronized with the engine of the CMV 
such that driving time can be automatically recorded for the driver 
operating the CMV and using the ELD.
    (b) An ELD allows for manual inputs from the driver and the motor 
carrier support personnel and automatically captures date and time, 
vehicle position, and vehicle operational parameters.
    (c) An ELD records a driver's electronic RODS and other supporting 
events with the required data elements specified in this appendix and 
retains data to support the performance requirements specified in this 
appendix.
    (d) An ELD generates a standard data file output and transfers it to 
an authorized safety official upon request.
    (e) This appendix specifies minimally required data elements that 
must be part of an event record such that a standard ELD output file can 
be produced by all compliant ELDs.
    (f) Figure 1 provides a visual layout of how this appendix is 
generally organized to further explain the required sub-functions of an 
ELD.

[[Page 655]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.000

                        1.5. Sections of Appendix

    (a) Section 2 lists the abbreviations used throughout this appendix.
    (b) Section 3 provides definitions for terms and notations used in 
this document.
    (c) Section 4 lists functional requirements for an ELD. More 
specifically, section 4.1 describes the security requirements for 
account management within an ELD system and introduces the term 
``Unidentified Driver'' account. Section 4.2 explains internal engine 
synchronization requirements and its applicability when used in 
recording a driver's record of duty status in CMVs. Section 4.3 
describes the inputs of an ELD which includes automatically measured 
signals by the ELD as covered in section 4.3.1, and manual entries by 
the authenticated driver as covered in section 4.3.2 and by the motor 
carrier as covered in section 4.3.3. The ELD requirements for internal 
processing and tracking of information flow are described in section 
4.4, which includes conditions for and prohibitions against automatic 
setting of duty-status in section 4.4.1, required geo-location and date 
and time conversion functions in sections 4.4.2 and 4.4.3, respectively, 
use of event attributes for tracking of edit and entry history in 
section 4.4.4, and the use of data check functions in the recording of 
ELD logs in section 4.4.5 as standard security measures for all ELDs. 
Section 4.5 describes the events an ELD must record and the data 
elements each type of event must include. Section 4.6 introduces device 
self-monitoring requirements and standardizes the minimal set of 
malfunctions and data diagnostic events an ELD must be able to detect. 
Section 4.7 introduces technical functions that are intended to guard a 
driver against harassment and introduces a privacy preserving provision 
when a driver operates a CMV for personal purposes. Section 4.8 explains 
ELD outputs, which are the information displayed to a user and the 
standard data output file an ELD must produce. Sections 4.9 and 4.10, 
respectively, describe the data reporting requirements and the 
communications protocols.
    (d) Section 5 describes the ELD certification and registration 
process.
    (e) Section 6 lists the cited references throughout this appendix.
    (f) Section 7 provides a data elements dictionary referencing each 
data element identified in this appendix.

[[Page 656]]

                            2. Abbreviations

3pDP Third-Party Developers' Partnership
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
CAN Control Area Network
CMV Commercial Motor Vehicle
ECM Electronic Control Module
ELD Electronic Logging Device
FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
HOS Hours of Service
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
ICD Interface Control Document
SAFER Safety and Fitness Electronic Records
RFC Request for Comments
RODS Records of Duty Status
TLS Transport Layer Security
UCT Coordinated Universal Time
USB Universal Serial Bus
WSDL Web Services Definition Language
XML Extensible Markup Language
XOR Exclusive Or {bitwise binary operation{time} 

                        3. Definitions; Notations

                            3.1. Definitions

                             3.1.1. Databus

    A vehicle databus refers to an internal communications network that 
interconnects components inside a vehicle and facilitates exchange of 
data between subsystems typically using serial or control area network 
protocols.

                            3.1.2. ELD Event

    An ELD event refers to a discrete instance in time when the ELD 
records data with the data elements specified in this appendix. The 
discrete ELD events relate to the driver's duty status and ELD's 
operational integrity. They are either triggered by input from the 
driver (driver's duty status changes, driver's login/logout activity, 
etc.) or triggered by the ELD's internal monitoring functions (ELD 
malfunction detection, data diagnostics detection, intermediate logs, 
etc.). ELD events and required data elements for each type of ELD event 
are described in detail in section 4.5.1 of this appendix.

                          3.1.3. Exempt Driver

    As specified in further detail in section 4.3.3.1.2 of this 
appendix, an ELD must allow a motor carrier to configure an ELD for a 
driver who may be exempt from the use of the ELD. An example of an 
exempt driver would be a driver operating under the short-haul exemption 
in Sec.  395.1(e) of this part (100 air-mile radius driver and non-CDL 
150-air mile radius driver). Even though exempt drivers do not have to 
use an ELD, in operations when an ELD equipped CMV may be shared between 
exempt and non-exempt drivers, motor carriers can use this allowed 
configuration to avoid issues with unidentified driver data diagnostics 
errors.

                           3.1.4. Geo-Location

    Geo-location is the conversion of a position measurement in 
latitude/longitude coordinates into a description of the distance and 
direction to a recognizable nearby location name. Geo-location 
information is used on an ELD's display or printout.

3.1.5. Ignition Power Cycle, Ignition Power On Cycle, Ignition Power Off 
                                  Cycle

    (a) An ignition power cycle refers to the engine's power status 
changing from ``on to off'' or ``off to on'', typically with the driver 
controlling engine power status by switching the ignition key positions.
    (b) An ignition power on cycle refers to the engine power sequence 
changing from ``off to on and then off''. This refers to a continuous 
period when a CMV's engine is powered.
    (c) An ignition power off cycle refers to the engine power sequence 
changing from ``on to off and then on''. This refers to a continuous 
period when a CMV's engine is not powered.

                       3.1.6. Unidentified Driver

    ``Unidentified Driver'' refers to the operation of a CMV featuring 
an ELD without an authenticated driver logging in the system. Functional 
specifications in this appendix require an ELD to automatically capture 
driving time under such conditions and attribute such records to the 
unique ``Unidentified Driver account,'' as specified in section 4.1.5 of 
this appendix, until the motor carrier and the driver review the records 
and they are assigned to the true and correct owner, as described in 
Sec.  395.32 of this part.

                             3.2. Notations

    Throughout this appendix the following notations are used when data 
elements are referenced.
    (a) < .  indicates a parameter an ELD must track. For 
example refers to the unique  or identifier 
specified during the creation of an ELD account with the requirements 
set forth in section 7.18 of this appendix.
    (b) { .{time}  indicates which of multiple values of a parameter is 
being referenced. For example  refers specifically to the ELD username for the 
co-driver.
    (c)  indicates a carriage return or new line or end of 
the current line. This notation is used in section 4.8.2 of this 
appendix, which describes the standard ELD output file.

[[Page 657]]

                       4. Functional Requirements

                         4.1. ELD User Accounts

                          4.1.1. Account Types

    An ELD must support a user account structure that separates drivers 
and motor carrier's support personnel (i.e. non-drivers).

                         4.1.2. Account Creation

    (a) Each user of the ELD must have a valid active account on the ELD 
with a unique identifier assigned by the motor carrier.
    (b) Each driver account must require the entry of the driver's 
license number and the State or jurisdiction that issued the driver's 
license into the ELD during the account creation process. The driver 
account must securely store this information on the ELD.
    (c) An ELD must not allow creation of more than one driver account 
associated with a driver's license for a given motor carrier.
    (d) A driver account must not have administrative rights to create 
new accounts on the ELD.
    (e) A support personnel account must not allow recording of ELD data 
for its account holder.
    (f) An ELD must reserve a unique driver account for recording events 
during non-authenticated operation of a CMV. This appendix will refer to 
this account as the ``unidentified driver account.''

                         4.1.3. Account Security

    (a) An ELD must provide secure access to data recorded and stored on 
the system by requiring user authentication during system login.
    (b) Driver accounts must only have access to data associated with 
that driver, protecting the authenticity and confidentiality of the 
collected information.

                        4.1.4. Account Management

    (a) An ELD must be capable of separately recording and retaining ELD 
data for each individual driver using the ELD.
    (b) An ELD must provide for and require concurrent authentication 
for team drivers.
    (c) If more than one ELD unit is used to record a driver's 
electronic records within a motor carrier's operation, the ELD in the 
vehicle the driver is operating most recently must be able to produce a 
complete ELD report for that driver, on demand, for the current 24-hour 
period and the previous 7 consecutive days.

                   4.1.5. Non-Authenticated Operation

    (a) An ELD must associate all non-authenticated operation of a CMV 
with a single ELD account labeled unidentified driver.
    (b) If a driver does not log onto the ELD, as soon as the vehicle is 
in motion, the ELD must:
    (1) Provide a visual or visual and audible warning reminding the 
driver to stop and log in to the ELD;
    (2) Record accumulated driving and on-duty, not-driving, time in 
accordance with the ELD defaults described in section 4.4.1 of this 
appendix under the unidentified driver profile; and
    (3) Not allow entry of any information into the ELD other than a 
response to the login prompt.

                       4.2. ELD-Vehicle Interface

    (a) An ELD must be integrally synchronized with the engine of the 
CMV. Engine synchronization for purposes of ELD compliance means the 
monitoring of the vehicle's engine operation to automatically capture 
the engine's power status, vehicle's motion status, miles driven value, 
and engine hours value when the CMV's engine is powered.
    (b) An ELD used while operating a CMV that is a model year 2000 or 
later model year, as indicated by the vehicle identification number 
(VIN), that has an engine electronic control module (ECM) must establish 
a link to the engine ECM when the CMV's engine is powered and receive 
automatically the engine's power status, vehicle's motion status, miles 
driven value, and engine hours value through the serial or Control Area 
Network communication protocols supported by the engine ECM or the 
vehicle's databus. If the vehicle does not have an ECM, an ELD may use 
alternative sources to obtain or estimate these vehicle parameters with 
the listed accuracy requirements under section 4.3.1 of this appendix.

                             4.3. ELD Inputs

                           4.3.1. ELD Sensing

                      4.3.1.1. Engine Power Status

    An ELD must be powered and become fully functional within 1 minute 
of the vehicle's engine receiving power and must remain powered for as 
long as the vehicle's engine stays powered.

                     4.3.1.2. Vehicle Motion Status

    (a) An ELD must automatically determine whether a CMV is in motion 
or stopped by comparing the vehicle speed information with respect to a 
set speed threshold as follows:
    (1) Once the vehicle speed exceeds the set speed threshold, it must 
be considered in motion.
    (2) Once in motion, the vehicle must be considered in motion until 
its speed falls to 0 miles per hour and stays at 0 miles per

[[Page 658]]

hour for 3 consecutive seconds. Then, the vehicle will be considered 
stopped.
    (3) An ELD's set speed threshold for determination of the in-motion 
state for the purpose of this section must not be configurable to 
greater than 5 miles per hour.
    (b) If an ELD is required to have a link to the vehicle's engine 
ECM, vehicle speed information must be acquired from the engine ECM or 
the vehicle's databus. Otherwise, vehicle speed information must be 
acquired using an independent source apart from the positioning services 
described under section 4.3.1.6 of this appendix and must be accurate 
within 3 miles per hour of the CMV's true ground 
speed for purposes of determining the in-motion state for the CMV.

                         4.3.1.3. Vehicle Miles

    (a) An ELD must monitor vehicle miles as accumulated by a CMV over 
the course of an ignition power on cycle (accumulated vehicle miles) and 
over the course of CMV's operation (total vehicle miles). Vehicle miles 
information must use or must be converted to units of whole miles.
    (b) If the ELD is required to have a link to the vehicle's engine 
ECM as specified in section 4.2 of this appendix:
    (1) The ELD must monitor the odometer message broadcast on the 
engine ECM or the vehicle's databus and use it to log total vehicle 
miles information; and
    (2) The ELD must use the odometer message to determine accumulated 
vehicle miles since engine's last power on instance.
    (c) If the ELD is not required to have a link to the vehicle's 
engine ECM as specified in section 4.2 of this appendix, the accumulated 
vehicle miles indication must be obtained or estimated from a source 
that is accurate to within 10% of miles 
accumulated by the CMV over a 24-hour period as indicated on the 
vehicle's odometer display.

                          4.3.1.4. Engine Hours

    (a) An ELD must monitor engine hours of the CMV over the course of 
an ignition power on cycle (elapsed engine hours) and over the course of 
the total engine hours of the CMV's operation. Engine hours must use or 
must be converted to hours in intervals of a tenth of an hour.
    (b) If an ELD is required to have a link to the vehicle's engine 
ECM, the ELD must monitor the total engine hours message broadcast on 
the engine ECM or the vehicle's databus and use it to log total engine 
hours information. Otherwise, engine hours must be obtained or estimated 
from a source that monitors the ignition power of the CMV and must be 
accurate within 0.1 hour of the engine's total 
operation within a given ignition power on cycle.

                         4.3.1.5. Date and Time

    (a) The ELD must obtain and record the date and time information 
automatically without allowing any external input or interference from a 
motor carrier, driver, or any other person.
    (b) The ELD time must be synchronized to Coordinated Universal Time 
(UCT) and the absolute deviation from UCT must not exceed 10 minutes at 
any point in time.

                          4.3.1.6. CMV Position

    (a) An ELD must determine automatically the position of the CMV in 
standard latitude/longitude coordinates with the accuracy and 
availability requirements of this section.
    (b) The ELD must obtain and record this information without allowing 
any external input or interference from a motor carrier, driver, or any 
other person.
    (c) CMV position measurement must be accurate to 0.5 mile of absolute position of the CMV when an ELD 
measures a valid latitude/longitude coordinate value.
    (d) Position information must be obtained in or converted to 
standard signed latitude and longitude values and must be expressed as 
decimal degrees to hundreds of a degree precision (i.e., a decimal point 
and two decimal places).
    (e) Measurement accuracy combined with the reporting precision 
requirement implies that position reporting accuracy will be on the 
order of 1mile of absolute position of the CMV 
during the course of a CMV's commercial operation.
    (f) During periods of a driver's indication of personal use of the 
CMV, the measurement reporting precision requirement is reduced to 
tenths of a degree (i.e., a decimal point and single decimal place) as 
further specified in section 4.7.3 of this appendix.
    (g) An ELD must be able to acquire a valid position measurement at 
least once every 5 miles of driving; however, the ELD records CMV 
location information only during ELD events as specified in section 
4.5.1 of this appendix.

                            4.3.1.7. CMV VIN

    The vehicle identification number (VIN) for the power unit of a CMV 
must be automatically obtained and recorded if it is available on the 
vehicle databus.

                     4.3.2. Driver's Manual Entries

    (a) An ELD must prompt the driver to input information into the ELD 
only when the CMV is stationary and driver's duty status is not on-duty 
driving, except for the condition specified in section 4.4.1.2 of this 
appendix.
    (b) If the driver's duty status is driving, an ELD must only allow 
the driver who is operating the CMV to change the driver's duty status 
to another duty status.

[[Page 659]]

    (c) A stopped vehicle must maintain zero (0) miles per hour speed to 
be considered stationary for purposes of information entry into an ELD.
    (d) An ELD must allow an authenticated co-driver who is not driving, 
but who has logged into the ELD prior to the vehicle being in motion, to 
make entries over his or her own records when the vehicle is in motion. 
The ELD must not allow co-drivers to switch driving roles when the 
vehicle is in motion.

          4.3.2.1. Driver's Entry of Required Event Data Fields

    (a) An ELD must provide a means for a driver to enter information 
pertaining to the driver's ELD records manually, e.g., CMV power unit 
number, as specified in section 7.4 of this appendix; trailer number(s), 
as specified in section 7.42; and shipping document number, as specified 
in section 7.39.
    (b) If the motor carrier populates these fields automatically, the 
ELD must provide means for the driver to review such information and 
make corrections as necessary.

                     4.3.2.2. Driver's Status Inputs

              4.3.2.2.1. Driver's Indication of Duty Status

    (a) An ELD must provide a means for the authenticated driver to 
select a driver's duty status.
    (b) The ELD must use the ELD duty status categories listed in Table 
1 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.001

  4.3.2.2.2. Driver's Indication of Situations Impacting Driving Time 
                                Recording

    (a) An ELD must provide the means for a driver to indicate the 
beginning and end of a period when the driver may use the CMV for 
authorized personal use or for performing yard moves. The ELD must 
acquire this status in a standard format from the category list in Table 
2 of this appendix. This list must be supported independent of the duty 
status categories described in section 4.3.2.2.1 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.002

    (b) An ELD must allow a driver to select only categories that a 
motor carrier enables by configuration for that driver, as described in 
section 4.3.3.1.1 of this appendix.
    (c) An ELD must only allow one category to be selected at any given 
time and use the latest selection by the driver.

[[Page 660]]

    (d) The ELD must prompt the driver to enter an annotation upon 
selection of a category from Table 2 of this appendix and record the 
driver's entry.
    (e) A driver's indication of special driving situation must reset to 
none if the ELD or CMV's engine goes through a power off cycle (ELD or 
CMV's engine turns off and then on) except if the driver has indicated 
authorized personal use of CMV. If the driver has indicated authorized 
personal use of the CMV, the ELD must require confirmation of 
continuation of the authorized personal use of CMV condition by the 
driver. If not confirmed by the driver and the vehicle is in motion, the 
ELD must default to none.

               4.3.2.3. Driver's Certification of Records

    (a) An ELD must include a function whereby a driver can certify the 
driver's records at the end of a 24-hour period.
    (1) This function, when selected, must display a statement that 
reads ``I hereby certify that my data entries and my record of duty 
status for this 24-hour period are true and correct.''
    (2) An ELD must prompt the driver to select ``Agree'' or ``Not 
ready.'' An ELD must record the driver's affirmative selection of 
``Agree'' as an event.
    (b) An ELD must only allow the authenticated driver to certify 
records associated with that driver.
    (c) If any edits are necessary after the driver certifies the 
records for a given 24-hour period, the ELD must require and prompt the 
driver to re-certify the updated records.
    (d) If there are any past records on the ELD (excluding the current 
24-hour period) that require certification or re-certification by the 
driver, the ELD must indicate the required driver action on the ELD's 
display and prompt the driver to take the necessary action during the 
login and logout processes.

            4.3.2.4. Driver's Data Transfer Initiation Input

    (a) An ELD must provide a standardized single-step driver interface 
for compilation of driver's ELD records and initiation of the data 
transfer to authorized safety officials when requested during a roadside 
inspection.
    (b) The ELD must input the data transfer request from the driver, 
require confirmation, present and request selection of the supported 
data transfer options by the ELD, and prompt for entry of the output 
file comment as specified in section 4.3.2.5 of this appendix. Upon 
confirmation, the ELD must generate the compliant output file and 
perform the data transfer.
    (c) The supported single-step data transfer initiation mechanism 
(such as a switch or an icon on a touch-screen display) must be clearly 
marked and visible to the driver when the vehicle is stopped.

            4.3.2.5. Driver's Entry of an Output File Comment

    An ELD must accommodate the entry of an output file comment up to 60 
characters long. If an authorized safety official provides a key phrase 
or code during an inspection to be included in the output file comment, 
it must be entered and embedded in the electronic ELD records in the 
exchanged dataset as specified in section 4.8.2.1.1 of this appendix. 
The default value for the output file comment must be blank. This output 
file comment must be used only for the creation of the related data 
files for the intended time, place, and ELD user.

                 4.3.2.6. Driver's Annotation of Records

    (a) An ELD must allow a driver to add annotations in text format to 
recorded, entered, or edited ELD events.
    (b) The ELD must require annotations to be 4 characters or longer, 
including embedded spaces if driver annotation is required and driver is 
prompted by the ELD.

             4.3.2.7. Driver's Entry of Location Information

    (a) An ELD must allow manual entry of a CMV's location by the driver 
in text format in support of the driver edit requirements described in 
section 4.3.2.8 of this appendix.
    (b) The driver's manual location entry must be available as an 
option to a driver only when prompted by the ELD under allowed 
conditions as described in section 4.6.1.4 of this appendix.
    (c) A manual location entry must show ``M'' in the latitude/
longitude coordinates fields in ELD records.

                   4.3.2.8. Driver's Record Entry/Edit

    (a) An ELD must provide a mechanism for a driver to review, edit, 
and annotate the driver's ELD records when a notation of errors or 
omissions is necessary or enter the driver's missing ELD records subject 
to the requirements specified in this section.
    (b) An ELD must not permit alteration or erasure of the original 
information collected concerning the driver's ELD records or alteration 
of the source data streams used to provide that information.

          4.3.2.8.1. Mechanism for Driver Edits and Annotations

    (a) If a driver edits or annotates an ELD record or enters missing 
information, the act must not overwrite the original record.
    (b) The ELD must use the process outlined in section 4.4.4.2 of this 
appendix to configure required event attributes to track the edit 
history of records.
    (c) Driver edits must be accompanied by an annotation. The ELD must 
prompt the driver to annotate edits.

[[Page 661]]

                   4.3.2.8.2. Driver Edit Limitations

    (a) An ELD must not allow or require the editing or manual entry of 
records with the following event types, as described in section 7.25 of 
this appendix:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Event type                          Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2......................................  An intermediate log,
5......................................  A driver's login/logout
                                          activity,
6......................................  CMV's engine power up/shut
                                          down, or
7......................................  ELD malfunctions and data
                                          diagnostic events.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) An ELD must not allow automatically recorded driving time to be 
shortened or the ELD username associated with an ELD record to be edited 
or reassigned, except under the following circumstances:
    (1) Assignment of Unidentified Driver records. ELD events recorded 
under the ``Unidentified Driver'' profile may be edited and assigned to 
the driver associated with the record; and
    (2) Correction of errors with team drivers. In the case of team 
drivers, the driver account associated with the driving time records may 
be edited and reassigned between the team drivers if there was a mistake 
resulting in a mismatch between the actual driver and the driver 
recorded by the ELD and if both team drivers were respectively indicated 
in each other's records as a co-driver. The ELD must require each co-
driver to confirm the change for the corrective action to take effect.

                  4.3.3. Motor Carrier's Manual Entries

    An ELD must restrict availability of motor carrier entries outlined 
in this section only to authenticated ``support personnel'' account 
holders.

                       4.3.3.1. ELD Configuration

    If an ELD or a technology that includes an ELD function offers 
configuration options to the motor carrier or the driver that are not 
otherwise addressed or prohibited in this appendix, the configuration 
options must not affect the ELD's compliance with the requirements of 
this rule for each configuration setting of the ELD.

4.3.3.1.1. Configuration of Available Categories Impacting Driving Time 
                                Recording

    (a) An ELD must allow a motor carrier to unilaterally configure the 
availability of each of the three categories listed on Table 2 of this 
appendix that the motor carrier chooses to authorize for each of its 
drivers. By default, none of these categories must be available to a new 
driver account without the motor carrier proactively configuring their 
availability.
    (b) A motor carrier may change the configuration for the 
availability of each category for each of its drivers. Changes to the 
configuration setting must be recorded on the ELD and communicated to 
the applicable authenticated driver during the ELD login process.

                 4.3.3.1.2. Configuration of Using ELDs

    (a) An ELD must provide the motor carrier the ability to configure a 
driver account exempt from use of an ELD.
    (b) The ELD must default the setting of this configuration option 
for each new driver account created on an ELD to ``no exemption.''
    (c) An exemption must be proactively configured for an applicable 
driver account by the motor carrier. The ELD must prompt the motor 
carrier to annotate the record and provide an explanation for the 
configuration of exemption.
    (d) If a motor carrier configures a driver account as exempt
    (1) The ELD must present the configured indication that is in effect 
for that driver during the ELD login and logout processes.
    (2) The ELD must continue to record ELD driving time but suspend 
detection of missing data elements data diagnostic event for the driver 
described in section 4.6.1.5 of this appendix and data transfer 
compliance monitoring function described in section 4.6.1.7 when such 
driver is authenticated on the ELD.

     4.3.3.1.3 Motor Carrier's Post-Review Electronic Edit Requests

    (a) An ELD may allow the motor carrier (via a monitoring algorithm 
or support personnel) to screen, review, and request corrective edits to 
the driver's certified (as described in section 4.3.2.3 of this 
appendix) and submitted records through the ELD system electronically. 
If this function is implemented by the ELD, the ELD must also support 
functions for the driver to see and review the requested edits.
    (b) Edits requested by anyone or any system other than the driver 
must require the driver's electronic confirmation or rejection.

                  4.4. ELD Processing and Calculations

         4.4.1. Conditions for Automatic Setting of Duty Status

          4.4.1.1. Automatic Setting of Duty Status to Driving

    An ELD must automatically record driving time when the vehicle is in 
motion by setting duty status to driving for the driver unless, before 
the vehicle is in motion, the driver:
    (a) Sets the duty status to off-duty and indicates personal use of 
CMV, in which case duty status must remain off-duty until driver's 
indication of the driving condition ends; or
    (b) Sets the duty status to on-duty not driving and indicates yard 
moves, in which

[[Page 662]]

case duty status must remain on-duty not driving until driver's 
indication of the driving condition ends.

    4.4.1.2. Automatic Setting of Duty Status to On-Duty Not Driving

    When the duty status is set to driving, and the CMV has not been in-
motion for 5 consecutive minutes, the ELD must prompt the driver to 
confirm continued driving status or enter the proper duty status. If the 
driver does not respond to the ELD prompt within 1-minute after 
receiving the prompt, the ELD must automatically switch the duty status 
to on-duty not driving. The time thresholds for purposes of this section 
must not be configurable.

     4.4.1.3. Other Automatic Duty-Status Setting Actions Prohibited

    An ELD must not feature any other automatic records of duty setting 
mechanism than those described in sections 4.4.1.1 and 4.4.1.2 of this 
appendix. Duty status changes that are not initiated by the driver, 
including duty status alteration recommendations by motor carrier 
support personnel or a software algorithm, are subject to motor carrier 
edit requirements in section 4.3.3.1.3.

                     4.4.2. Geo-Location Conversions

    (a) For each change in duty status, the ELD must convert 
automatically captured vehicle position in latitude/longitude 
coordinates into geo-location information, indicating approximate 
distance and direction to an identifiable location corresponding to the 
name of a nearby city, town, or village, with a State abbreviation.
    (b) Geo-location information must be derived from a database that 
contains all cities, towns, and villages with a population of 5,000 or 
greater and listed in ANSI INCITS 446-2008 (R2013) (incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38).
    (c) An ELD's viewable outputs (such as printouts or display) must 
feature geo-location information as place names in text format.

                    4.4.3. Date and Time Conversions

    (a) An ELD must have the capability to convert and track date and 
time captured in UTC standard to the time standard in effect at driver's 
home terminal, taking the daylight savings time changes into account by 
using the parameter ``Time Zone Offset from UTC'' as specified in 
section 7.41 of this appendix.
    (b) An ELD must record the driver's record of duty status using the 
time standard in effect at the driver's home terminal for a 24-hour 
period beginning with the time specified by the motor carrier for that 
driver's home terminal.
    (c) The data element ``Time Zone Offset from UTC'' must be included 
in the ``Driver's Certification of Own Records'' events as specified in 
section 4.5.1.4 of this appendix.

    4.4.4. Setting of Event Parameters in Records, Edits, and Entries

    This section describes the security measures for configuring and 
tracking event attributes for ELD records, edits, and entries in a 
standardized manner.

             4.4.4.1. Event Sequence Identifier (ID) Number

    (a) Each ELD event must feature an event sequence ID number.
    (1) The event sequence ID number for each ELD event must use 
continuous numbering across all users of that ELD and across engine and 
ELD power on and off cycles.
    (2) An ELD must use the next available event sequence ID number 
(incremented by one) each time a new event log is recorded.
    (3) The event sequence ID number must track at least the last 65,536 
unique events recorded on the ELD.
    (b) The continuous event sequence ID numbering structure used by the 
ELD must be mapped into a continuous hexadecimal number between 0000 
(Decimal 0) and FFFF (Decimal 65535).

  4.4.4.2. Event Record Status, Event Record Origin, Event Type Setting

    (a) An ELD must retain the original records even when allowed edits 
and entries are made over a driver's ELD records.
    (b) An ELD must keep track of all event record history, and the 
process used by the ELD must produce the event record status, event 
record origin, and event type for the ELD records in the standard 
categories specified in sections 7.23, 7.22, and 7.25 of this appendix, 
respectively for each record as a standard security measure. For 
example, an ELD may use the process outlined in sections 4.4.4.2.1-
4.4.4.2.6 to meet the requirements of this section.

             4.4.4.2.1. Records Automatically Logged by ELD

    At the instance an ELD creates a record automatically, the ELD must:
    (a) Set the ``Event Record Status'' to ``1'' (active); and
    (b) Set the ``Event Record Origin'' to ``1'' (automatically recorded 
by ELD).

                         4.4.4.2.2. Driver Edits

    At the instance of a driver editing existing record(s), the ELD 
must:
    (a) Identify the ELD record(s) being modified for which the ``Event 
Record Status'' is currently set to ``1'' (active);
    (b) Acquire driver input for the intended edit and construct the ELD 
record(s) that

[[Page 663]]

will replace the record(s) identified in paragraph 4.4.4.2.2(a) of this 
appendix;
    (c) Set the ``Event Record Status'' of the ELD record(s) identified 
in paragraph 4.4.4.2.2(a) of this appendix, which is being modified, to 
``2'' (inactive-changed);
    (d) Set the ``Event Record Status'' of the ELD record(s) constructed 
in paragraph 4.4.4.2.2(b) of this appendix to ``1'' (active); and
    (e) Set the ``Event Record Origin'' of the ELD record(s) constructed 
in paragraph 4.4.4.2.2(b) of this appendix to ``2'' (edited or entered 
by the driver).

                        4.4.4.2.3. Driver Entries

    When a driver enters missing record(s), the ELD must:
    (a) Acquire driver input for the missing entries being implemented 
and construct the new ELD record(s) that will represent the driver 
entries;
    (b) Set the ``event record status'' of the ELD record(s) constructed 
in paragraph 4.4.4.2.3(a) of this appendix to ``1'' (active); and
    (c) Set the ``event record origin'' of the ELD record(s) constructed 
in paragraph 4.4.4.2.3(a) of this appendix to ``2'' (edited or entered 
by the driver).

       4.4.4.2.4. Driver's Assumption of Unidentified Driver Logs

    When a driver reviews and assumes ELD record(s) logged under the 
unidentified driver profile, the ELD must:
    (a) Identify the ELD record(s) logged under the unidentified driver 
profile that will be reassigned to the driver;
    (b) Use elements of the unidentified driver log(s) from paragraph 
4.4.4.2.4(a) of this appendix and acquire driver input to populate 
missing elements of the log originally recorded under the unidentified 
driver profile, and construct the new event record(s) for the driver;
    (c) Set the event record status of the ELD record(s) identified in 
paragraph 4.4.4.2.4(a) of this appendix, which is being modified, to 
``2'' (inactive-changed);
    (d) Set the event record status of the ELD record(s) constructed in 
paragraph 4.4.4.2.4(b) of this appendix to ``1'' (active); and
    (e) Set the event record origin of the ELD record(s) constructed in 
paragraph 4.4.4.2.4(b) of this appendix to ``4'' (assumed from 
unidentified driver profile).

                4.4.4.2.5. Motor Carrier Edit Suggestions

    If a motor carrier requests an edit on a driver's records 
electronically, the ELD must:
    (a) Identify the ELD record(s) the motor carrier requests to be 
modified for which the ``event record status'' is currently set to ``1'' 
(active);
    (b) Acquire motor carrier input for the intended edit and construct 
the ELD record(s) that will replace the record identified in paragraph 
4.4.4.2.5(a) of this appendix--if approved by the driver;
    (c) Set the event record status of the ELD record(s) in paragraph 
4.4.4.2.5(b) of this appendix to ``3'' (inactive-change requested); and
    (d) Set the event record origin of the ELD record constructed in 
paragraph 4.4.4.2.5(b) of this appendix to ``3'' (edit requested by an 
authenticated user other than the driver).

     4.4.4.2.6. Driver's Actions Over Motor Carrier Edit Suggestions

    (a) If edits are requested by the motor carrier, the ELD must allow 
the driver to review the requested edits and indicate on the ELD whether 
the driver confirms or rejects the requested edit(s).
    (b) If the driver approves the motor carrier's edit suggestion the 
ELD must:
    (1) Set the event record status of the ELD record(s) identified 
under paragraph 4.4.4.2.5 (a) of this appendix being modified, to ``2'' 
(inactive-changed); and
    (2) Set the ``event record status'' of the ELD record(s) constructed 
in paragraph 4.4.4.2.5 (b) of this appendix to ``1'' (active).
    (c) If the driver disapproves the motor carrier's edit(s) 
suggestion, the ELD must set the ``event record status'' of the ELD 
record(s) identified in paragraph 4.4.4.2.5 (b) of this appendix to 
``4'' (inactive-change rejected).

                  4.4.5. Data Integrity Check Functions

    (a) An ELD must support standard security measures that require the 
calculation and recording of standard data check values for each ELD 
event recorded, for each line of the output file, and for the entire 
data file to be generated for transmission to an authorized safety 
official or the motor carrier.
    (b) For purposes of implementing data check calculations, the 
alphanumeric-to-numeric mapping provided in Table 3 of this appendix 
must be used.
    (c) Each ELD event record type specified in sections 4.5.1.1 and 
4.5.1.3 of this appendix must include an event data check value, which 
must be calculated as specified in section 4.4.5.1. An event data check 
value must be calculated at the time of the following instances and must 
accompany that event record thereafter:
    (1) When an event record is automatically created by the ELD;
    (2) When an authorized edit is performed by the driver on the ELD;
    (3) When an electronic edit proposal is created by the motor carrier 
through the ELD system.
    (d) Each line of the ELD output file must include a line data check 
value, which must

[[Page 664]]

be calculated as specified in section 4.4.5.2 of this appendix.
    (e) Each ELD report must also include a file data check value, which 
must be calculated as specified in section 4.4.5.3 of this appendix.

                        4.4.5.1. Event Data Check

    The event data check value must be calculated as follows.

                  4.4.5.1.1. Event Checksum Calculation

    (a) A checksum calculation includes the summation of numeric values 
or mappings of a specified group of alphanumeric data elements. The ELD 
must calculate an event checksum value associated with each ELD event at 
the instance of the event record being created.
    (b) The event record elements that must be included in the checksum 
calculation are the following:
    (1) ,
    (2) ,
    (3) ,
    (4) ,
    (5) ,
    (6) ,
    (7) ,
    (8) ,
    (9) '', and
    (10) .
    (c) The ELD must sum the numeric values of all individual characters 
making up the listed data elements using the character to decimal value 
coding specified in Table 3 of this appendix, and use the 8-bit lower 
byte of the hexadecimal representation of the summed total as the event 
checksum value for that event.

                 4.4.5.1.2. Event Data Check Calculation

    The event data check value must be the hexadecimal representation of 
the output 8-bit byte, after the below bitwise operations are performed 
on the binary representation of the event checksum value, as set forth 
below:
    (a) Three consecutive circular shift left (rotate no carry -left) 
operations; and
    (b) A bitwise exclusive OR (XOR) operation with the hexadecimal 
value C3 (decimal 195; binary 11000011).

                        4.4.5.2. Line Data Check

    A line data check value must be calculated at the time of the 
generation of the ELD output file, to transfer data to authorized safety 
officials or to catalogue drivers' ELD records at a motor carrier's 
facility. A line data check value must be calculated as follows.

                  4.4.5.2.1. Line Checksum Calculation

    (a) The ELD must calculate a line checksum value associated with 
each line of ELD output file at the instance when an ELD output file is 
generated.
    (b) The data elements that must be included in the line checksum 
calculation vary as per the output data file specified in section 
4.8.2.1 of this appendix.
    (c) The ELD must convert each character featured in a line of output 
using the character to decimal value coding specified on Table 3 of this 
appendix and sum the converted numeric values of each character listed 
on a given ELD output line item (excluding the line data check value 
being calculated), and use the 8-bit lower byte value of the hexadecimal 
representation of the summed total as the line checksum value for that 
line of output.

                 4.4.5.2.2. Line Data Check Calculation

    The line data check value must be calculated by performing the 
following operations on the binary representation of the line checksum 
value as follows:
    (a) Three consecutive circular shift left (rotate no carry -left) 
operations on the line checksum value; and
    (b) A bitwise XOR operation with the hexadecimal value 96 (decimal 
150; binary 10010110).

        4.4.5.2.3. Line Data Check Value Inclusion in Output File

    The calculated line data check value must be appended as the last 
line item of each of the individual line items of the ELD output file as 
specified in the output file format in section 4.8.2.1 of this appendix.

                        4.4.5.3. File Data Check

    A file data check value must also be calculated at the time of the 
creation of an ELD output file. A file data check value must be 
calculated as follows.

                  4.4.5.3.1. File Checksum Calculation

    (a) The ELD must calculate a single 16-bit file checksum value 
associated with an ELD output file at the instance when an ELD output 
file is generated.
    (b) The file data check value calculation must include all 
individual line data check values contained in that file.
    (c) The ELD must sum all individual line data check values contained 
in a data file output created, and use the lower two 8-bit byte values 
of the hexadecimal representation of the summed total as the ``file 
checksum'' value.

              4.4.5.3.2. File Data Check Value Calculation

    (a) The file data check value must be calculated by performing the 
following operations on the binary representation of the file checksum 
value:

[[Page 665]]

    (1) Three consecutive circular shift left (aka rotate no carry -
left) operations on each 8-bit bytes of the value; and
    (2) A bitwise XOR operation with the hexadecimal value 969C (decimal 
38556; binary 1001011010011100).
    (b) The file data check value must be the 16-bit output obtained 
from the above process.

        4.4.5.3.3. File Data Check Value Inclusion in Output File

    The calculated 16-bit file data check value must be converted to 
hexadecimal 8-bit bytes and must be appended as the last line item of 
the ELD output file as specified in the output file format in section 
4.8.2.1.11 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.003

                           4.5. ELD Recording

                    4.5.1. Events and Data To Record

    An ELD must record data at the following discrete events:

             4.5.1.1. Event: Change in Driver's Duty Status

    When a driver's duty status changes, the ELD must associate the 
record with the driver, the record originator--if created during an edit 
or entry--the vehicle, the motor carrier, and the shipping document 
number and must include the following data elements:
    (a)  as described in section 
7.24 of this appendix;
    (b)  as described in section 7.23;
    (c)  Origin as described in section 7.22;
    (d)  as described in section 7.25;
    (e)  as described in section 7.8;
    (g) <{Event{time}  Time as described in section 7.40;
    (h) <{Accumulated{time}  Vehicle Miles as described in 
section 7.43;
    (i) <{Elapsed{time}  Engine Hours as described in section 
7.19;
    (j) <{Event{time}  Latitude as described in section 7.31;
    (k) <{Event{time}  Longitude as described in section 
7.33;

[[Page 666]]

    (l)  as described 
in section 7.9;
    (m)  as 
described in section 7.35;
    (n)  as described in section 7.7;
    (o) <{Event{time}  Comment/Annotation as described in 
section 7.6;
    (p)  as described in 
section 7.12; and
    (q)  as described in section 7.21.

                    4.5.1.2. Event: Intermediate Logs

    (a) When a CMV is in motion, as described in section 4.3.1.2 of this 
appendix, and there has not been a duty status change event or another 
intermediate log event recorded in the previous 1-hour period, the ELD 
must record a new intermediate log event.
    (b) The ELD must associate the record to the driver, the vehicle, 
the motor carrier, and the shipping document number, and must include 
the same data elements outlined in section 4.5.1.1 of this appendix 
except for item (p) in section 4.5.1.1.

4.5.1.3. Event: Change in Driver's Indication of Allowed Conditions That 
                      Impact Driving Time Recording

    (a) At each instance when the status of a driver's indication of 
personal use of CMV or yard moves changes, the ELD must record a new 
event.
    (b) The ELD must associate the record with the driver, the vehicle, 
the motor carrier, and the shipping document number, and must include 
the same data elements outlined in section 4.5.1.1 of this appendix.

          4.5.1.4. Event: Driver's Certification of Own Records

    (a) At each instance when a driver certifies or re-certifies that 
the driver's records for a given 24-hour period are true and correct, 
the ELD must record the event.
    (b) The ELD must associate the record with the driver, the vehicle, 
the motor carrier, and the shipping document number and must include the 
following data elements:
    (1) as described in section 7.24 
of this appendix;
    (2) as described in section 7.25;
    (3) as described in section 7.20;
    (4) as described in section 
7.41.
    (5) <{Event{time}  Date and  as described in section 7.8; and
    (6) <{Event{time}  Time as described in section 7.40.

             4.5.1.5. Event: Driver's Login/Logout Activity

    (a) At each instance when an authorized user logs in and out of the 
ELD, the ELD must record the event.
    (b) The ELD must associate the record with the driver, the vehicle, 
the motor carrier, and the shipping document number, and must include 
the following data elements:
    (1)  as described in section 
7.24 of this appendix;
    (2)  as described in section 7.25;
    (3)  as described in section 7.20;
    (4) <{Event{time}  Date as described in section 7.8;
    (5) <{Event{time}  Time as described in section 7.40;
    (6) <{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles as described in section 
7.43; and
    (7) <{Total{time}  Engine Hours as described in section 
7.19.

      4.5.1.6. Event: CMV's Engine Power Up and Shut Down Activity

    (a) When a CMV's engine is powered up or shut down, an ELD must 
record the event within 1 minute of occurrence and retain the earliest 
shut down and latest power-up event if the CMV has not moved since the 
last ignition power on cycle.
    (b) The ELD must associate the record with the driver or the 
unidentified driver profile, the vehicle, the motor carrier, and the 
shipping document number, and must include the following data elements:
    (1)  as described in section 
7.24 of this appendix;
    (2)  as described in section 7.25;
    (3)  as described in section 7.20;
    (4) <{Event{time}  Date as described in section 7.8;
    (5) <{Event{time}  Time as described in section 7.40;
    (6) <{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles as described in section 
7.43;
    (7) <{Total{time}  Engine Hours as described in section 
7.19;
    (8) <{Event{time}  Latitude as described in section 7.31;
    (9) <{Event{time}  Longitude as described in section 
7.33; and
    (10)  as described 
in section 7.9.

     4.5.1.7. Event: ELD Malfunction and Data Diagnostics Occurrence

    (a) At each instance when an ELD malfunction or data diagnostic 
event is detected or cleared by the ELD, the ELD must record the event.

[[Page 667]]

    (b) The ELD must associate the record with the driver, the vehicle, 
the motor carrier, and the shipping document number, and must include 
the following data elements:
    (1)  as described in section 
7.24 of this appendix;
    (2)  as described in section 7.25;
    (3)  as described in section 7.20;
    (4)  as described in section 
7.34;
    (5) <{Event{time}  Date as described in section 7.8;
    (6) <{Event{time}  Time as described in section 7.40;
    (7) <{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles as described in section 
7.43; and
    (8) <{Total{time}  Engine Hours as described in section 
7.19.

            4.6. ELD's Self-Monitoring of Required Functions

    An ELD must have the capability to monitor its compliance with the 
technical requirements of this section for the detectable malfunctions 
and data inconsistencies listed in Table 4 of this appendix and must 
keep records of its malfunction and data diagnostic event detection.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.004

  4.6.1. Compliance Self-Monitoring, Malfunctions and Data Diagnostic 
                                 Events

                  4.6.1.1. Power Compliance Monitoring

    (a) An ELD must monitor data it receives from the engine ECM or 
alternative sources as allowed in sections 4.3.1.1-4.3.1.4 of this 
appendix, its onboard sensors, and data record history to identify 
instances when it may not have complied with the power requirements 
specified in section 4.3.1.1, in which case, the ELD must record a power 
data diagnostics event for the corresponding driver(s), or under the 
unidentified driver profile if no drivers were authenticated at the time 
of detection.
    (b) An ELD must set a power compliance malfunction if the power data 
diagnostics event described in paragraph 4.6.1.1(a) of this appendix 
indicates an aggregated in-motion driving time understatement of 30 
minutes or more on the ELD over a 24-hour period across all driver 
profiles, including the unidentified driver profile.

[[Page 668]]

          4.6.1.2. Engine Synchronization Compliance Monitoring

    (a) An ELD must monitor the data it receives from the engine ECM or 
alternative sources as allowed in sections 4.3.1.1-4.3.1.4 of this 
appendix, its onboard sensors, and data record history to identify 
instances and durations of its non-compliance with the ELD engine 
synchronization requirement specified in section 4.2.
    (b) An ELD required to establish a link to the engine ECM as 
described in section 4.2 must monitor its connectivity to the engine ECM 
and its ability to retrieve the vehicle parameters described under 
section 4.3.1 of this appendix and must record an engine-synchronization 
data diagnostics event when it no longer can acquire updated values for 
the ELD parameters required for records within 5 seconds of the need.
    (c) An ELD must set an engine synchronization compliance malfunction 
if connectivity to any of the required data sources specified in section 
4.3.1 of this appendix is lost for more than 30 minutes during a 24-hour 
period aggregated across all driver profiles, including the unidentified 
driver profile.

                  4.6.1.3. Timing Compliance Monitoring

    The ELD must periodically cross-check its compliance with the 
requirement specified in section 4.3.1.5 of this appendix with respect 
to an accurate external UTC source and must record a timing compliance 
malfunction when it can no longer meet the underlying compliance 
requirement.

               4.6.1.4. Positioning Compliance Monitoring

    (a) An ELD must continually monitor the availability of valid 
position measurements meeting the listed accuracy requirements in 
section 4.3.1.6 of this appendix and must track the distance and elapsed 
time from the last valid measurement point.
    (b) ELD records requiring location information must use the last 
valid position measurement and include the latitude/longitude 
coordinates and distance traveled, in miles, since the last valid 
position measurement.
    (c) An ELD must monitor elapsed time during periods when the ELD 
fails to acquire a valid position measurement within 5 miles of the 
CMV's movement. When such elapsed time exceeds a cumulative 60 minutes 
over a 24 hour period, the ELD must set and record a positioning 
compliance malfunction.
    (d) If a new ELD event must be recorded at an instance when the ELD 
had failed to acquire a valid position measurement within the most 
recent elapsed 5 miles of driving, but the ELD has not yet set a 
positioning compliance malfunction, the ELD must record the character 
``X'' in both the latitude and longitude fields, unless location is 
entered manually by the driver, in which case it must log the character 
``M'' instead. Under the circumstances listed in this paragraph, if the 
ELD event is due to a change in duty status for the driver, the ELD must 
prompt the driver to enter location manually in accordance with section 
4.3.2.7 of this appendix. If the driver does not enter the location 
information and the vehicle is in motion, the ELD must record a missing 
required data element data diagnostic event for the driver.
    (e) If a new ELD event must be recorded at an instance when the ELD 
has set a positioning compliance malfunction, the ELD must record the 
character ``E'' in both the latitude and longitude fields regardless of 
whether the driver is prompted and manually enters location information.

              4.6.1.5. Data Recording Compliance Monitoring

    (a) An ELD must monitor its storage capacity and integrity and must 
detect a data recording compliance malfunction if it can no longer 
record or retain required events or retrieve recorded logs that are not 
otherwise catalogued remotely by the motor carrier.
    (b) An ELD must monitor the completeness of the ELD event record 
information in relation to the required data elements for each event 
type and must record a missing data elements data diagnostics event for 
the driver if any required field is missing at the time of recording.

4.6.1.6. Monitoring Records Logged Under the Unidentified Driver Profile

    (a) When there are ELD records involving driving time logged on an 
ELD under the unidentified driver profile, the ELD must prompt the 
driver(s) logging in with a warning indicating the existence of new 
unassigned driving time.
    (b) The ELD must provide a mechanism for the driver to review and 
either acknowledge the assignment of one or more of the unidentified 
driver records attributable to the driver under the authenticated 
driver's profile as described in paragraph 4.3.2.8.2(b)(1) of this 
appendix or indicate that these records are not attributable to the 
driver.
    (c) If more than 30 minutes of driving in a 24-hour period show 
unidentified driver on the ELD, the ELD must detect and record an 
unidentified driving records data diagnostic event and the data 
diagnostic indicator must be turned on for all drivers logged in to that 
ELD for the current 24-hour period and the following 7 days.
    (d) An unidentified driving records data diagnostic event can be 
cleared by the ELD when driving time logged under the unidentified 
driver profile for the current 24-hour period and the previous 7 
consecutive days drops to 15 minutes or less.

[[Page 669]]

              4.6.1.7. Data Transfer Compliance Monitoring

    (a) An ELD must implement in-service monitoring functions to verify 
that the data transfer mechanism(s) described in section 4.9.1 of this 
appendix are continuing to function properly. An ELD must verify this 
functionality at least once every 7 days. These monitoring functions may 
be automatic or may involve manual steps for a driver.
    (b) If the monitoring mechanism fails to confirm proper in-service 
operation of the data transfer mechanism(s), an ELD must record a data 
transfer data diagnostic event and enter an unconfirmed data transfer 
mode.
    (c) After an ELD records a data transfer data diagnostic event, the 
ELD must increase the frequency of the monitoring function to check at 
least once every 24-hour period. If the ELD stays in the unconfirmed 
data transfer mode following the next three consecutive monitoring 
checks, the ELD must detect a data transfer compliance malfunction.

    4.6.1.8. Other Technology-Specific Operational Health Monitoring

    In addition to the required monitoring schemes described in sections 
4.6.1.1-4.6.1.7 of this appendix, the ELD provider may implement 
additional, technology-specific malfunction and data diagnostic 
detection schemes and may use the ELD's malfunction status indicator and 
data diagnostic status indicator (described in sections 4.6.2.1 and 
4.6.3.1) to communicate the ELD's malfunction or non-compliant state to 
the operator(s) of the ELD.

                 4.6.2. ELD Malfunction Status Indicator

    ELD malfunctions affect the integrity of the device and its 
compliance; therefore, active malfunctions must be indicated to all 
drivers who may use that ELD. An ELD must provide a recognizable visual 
indicator, and may provide an audible signal, to the operator as to its 
malfunction status.

                  4.6.2.1. Visual Malfunction Indicator

    (a) An ELD must display a single visual malfunction indicator for 
all drivers using the ELD on the ELD's display or on a stand-alone 
indicator. The visual signal must be visible to the driver when the 
driver is seated in the normal driving position.
    (b) The ELD malfunction indicator must be clearly illuminated when 
there is an active malfunction on the ELD.
    (c) The malfunction status must be continuously communicated to the 
driver when the ELD is powered.

               4.6.3. ELD Data Diagnostic Status Indicator

    ELD data diagnostic status affects only the authenticated user; 
therefore, an ELD must only indicate the active data diagnostics status 
applicable to the driver logged into the ELD. An ELD must provide a 
recognizable visual indicator, and may provide an audible signal, to the 
driver as to its data diagnostics status.

               4.6.3.1. Visual Data Diagnostics Indicator

    (a) An ELD must display a single visual data diagnostics indicator, 
apart from the visual malfunction indicator described in section 4.6.2.1 
of this appendix, to communicate visually the existence of active data 
diagnostics events for the applicable driver.
    (b) The visual signal must be visible to the driver when the driver 
is seated in the normal driving position.

                   4.7. Special Purpose ELD Functions

                   4.7.1. Driver's ELD Volume Control

    (a) If a driver selects the sleeper-berth state for the driver's 
record of duty status, and no co-driver has logged into the ELD as on-
duty driving, and if the ELD outputs audible signals, the ELD must 
either:
    (1) Allow the driver to mute the ELD's volume or turn off the ELD's 
audible output, or
    (2) Automatically mute the ELD's volume or turn off the ELD's 
audible output.
    (b) For purposes of this section, if an ELD operates in combination 
with another device or other hardware or software technology that is not 
separate from the ELD, the volume controls required herein apply to the 
combined device or technology.

                4.7.2. Driver's Access to Own ELD Records

    (a) An ELD must provide a mechanism for a driver to obtain a copy of 
the driver's own ELD records on demand, in either an electronic or 
printout format compliant with inspection standards outlined in section 
4.8.2.1 of this appendix.
    (b) The process must not require a driver to go through the motor 
carrier to obtain copies of the driver's own ELD records if driver's 
records reside on or are accessible directly by the ELD unit used by the 
driver.
    (c) If an ELD meets the requirements of this section by making data 
files available to the driver, it must also provide a utility function 
for the driver to display the data on a computer, at a minimum, as 
specified in Sec.  395.8(g).

 4.7.3. Privacy Preserving Provision for Use During Personal Uses of a 
                                   CMV

    (a) An ELD must record the events listed in section 4.5.1 of this 
appendix under all circumstances. However, when a driver indicates that 
the driver is temporarily using the CMV for an authorized personal 
purpose,

[[Page 670]]

a subset of the recorded elements must either be omitted in the records 
or recorded at a lower precision level, as described in further detail 
below. The driver indicates this intent by setting the driver's duty 
status to off-duty, as described in section 4.3.2.2.1, and indicating 
authorized personal use of CMV as described in section 4.3.2.2.2.
    (b) During a period when a driver indicates authorized personal use 
of CMV, the ELD must:
    (1) Record all new ELD events with latitude/longitude coordinates 
information rounded to a single decimal place resolution; and
    (2) Omit recording vehicle miles and engine hours fields in new ELD 
logs by leaving them blank, except for events corresponding to a CMV's 
engine power-up and shut-down activity as described in section 4.5.1.6 
of this appendix.
    (c) A driver's indication that the CMV is being operated for 
authorized personal purposes may span more than one CMV ignition on 
cycle if the driver proactively confirms continuation of the personal 
use condition prior to placing the vehicle in motion when the ELD 
prompts the driver at the beginning of the new ignition power on cycle.

                            4.8. ELD Outputs

                       4.8.1. Printout or Display

    The ELD must be able to generate a compliant report as specified in 
this section, either as a printout or on a display.

                    4.8.1.1. Print Paper Requirements

    Print paper must be able to accommodate the graph grid 
specifications as listed in section 4.8.1.3 of this appendix.

                      4.8.1.2. Display Requirements

    (a) This section does not apply if an ELD produces a printout for 
use at a roadside inspection.
    (b) An ELD must be designed so that its display may be reasonably 
viewed by an authorized safety official without entering the commercial 
motor vehicle. For example, the display may be untethered from its mount 
or connected in a manner that would allow it to be passed outside of the 
vehicle for a reasonable distance.

4.8.1.3. Information To Be Shown on the Printout and Display at Roadside

    (a) The printout and display must show reports for the inspected 
driver's profile and the unidentified driver profile separately. If 
there are no unidentified driver records existing on the ELD for the 
current 24-hour period and for any of the previous 7 consecutive days, 
an ELD does not need to print or display unidentified driver records for 
the authorized safety official. Otherwise, both reports must be printed 
or displayed and provided to the authorized safety official.
    (b) The printout and display must show the following information for 
the current 24-hour period and each of the previous 7 consecutive days: 
(Items in < .  are data elements.)

Date: 
24-hour Starting Time, Time Zone Offset from UTC: <24-Hour Period 
Starting Time, 
Carrier: ,
Driver Name: <{Driver{time}  Last Name, <{Driver{time}  First 
Name
Driver ID < ELD username{for the driver{time}  
Driver License State <{Driver{time}  Driver License Issuing 
State
Driver License Number: <{Driver{time}  Driver License Number
Co-Driver: <{Co-Driver's{time}  Last Name, <{Co-
Driver's{time}  First Name
Co-Driver ID: < ELD username{for the co-driver{time} 
Current Odometer: <{Current{time} {Total{time}  Vehicle Miles
Current Engine Hours: <{Current{time} {Total{time}  Engine 
Hours
ELD ID: [ELD Identifier]
ELD Provider: 
Truck Tractor ID: 
Truck Tractor VIN: 
Shipping ID: 
Current Location: <{Current{time}  Geo-location
Unidentified Driving Records: <{Current{time}  Data Diagnostic Event 
Indicator Status {for ``Unidentified driving records data diagnostic'' 
event{time} 
Exempt Driver Status: 
ELD Malfunction Indicators: 
Driver's Data Diagnostic Status: 
Date: 
Change of Duty Status, Intervening Interval Records and Change in 
Driver's Indication of Special Driving Conditions:
,,,<{Event{time}  Date, <{Event{time}  
Time,<{Accumulated{time}  Vehicle 
Miles,<{Elapsed{time}  Engine Hours,#,<{Event{time}  Comment/
Annotation
,,,,,<{Event{time}  
Date,<{Event{time}  Time,<{Accumulated{time}  
Vehicle Miles,<{Elapsed{time}  Engine Hours,#,<{Event{time}  Comment/
Annotation
 `` must be substituted with ``'' field for manual entries and with 
``<{blank{time} '' field for intervening logs.

[[Page 671]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.005

24 Hours [Print/Display Graph Grid]
Total hours 
Off duty 
Sleeper Berth 
Driving 
On duty not driving 
Miles Today 
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.006

[For Each Row of Driver's Record Certification Events]
Time: <{Event{time}  Time
Location: 
Odometer: <{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles
Engine Hours: <{Total{time}  Engine Hours
Event: 
Origin: Driver
Comment: <{Event{time}  Comment/Annotation

[For Each Row of Malfunctions and Data Diagnostic Events]
Time: <{Event{time}  Time
Location: 
Odometer: <{Total{time} Vehicle Miles
Engine Hours: <{Total{time} Engine Hours
Event: 
Origin: 
Comment: <{Event{time}  Comment/Annotation

[For Each Row of ELD Login/Logout Events]
Time: <{Event{time}  Time
Location: 
Odometer: <{Total{time} Vehicle Miles
Engine Hours: <{Total{time} Engine Hours
Event: 
Origin: 
Comment: <{Event{time}  Comment/Annotation

[For Each Row of CMV Engine Power up/Shut Down Events]
Time: <{Event{time}  Time (24 hours)
Location: 
Odometer: <{Total{time} Vehicle Miles
Engine Hours: <{Total{time} Engine Hours
Event: 
Origin: Auto
Comment/Annotation
    \1\ Printout report must only list up to 10 most recent ELD 
malfunctions and up to 10 most recent data diagnostics events within the 
time period for which the report is generated.

[[Page 672]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.007


[[Page 673]]


[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.008

    (c) The printout and display must show a graph-grid consistent with 
Sec.  395.8(g) showing each change of duty status.
    (1) On the printout, the graph-grid for each day's RODS must be at 
least 6 inches by 1.5 inches in size.
    (2) The graph-grid must overlay periods of driver's indications of 
authorized personal use of CMV and yard moves using a different style 
line (such as dashed or dotted line) or shading. The appropriate 
abbreviation must also be indicated on the graph-grid.

                          4.8.2. ELD Data File

    An ELD must have the capability to generate a consistent electronic 
file output compliant with the format described herein to facilitate the 
transfer, processing, and standardized display of ELD data sets on the 
authorized safety officials' computing environments.

                    4.8.2.1. ELD Output File Standard

    (a) Regardless of the particular database architecture used for 
recording the ELD events in electronic format, the ELD must produce a 
standard ELD data output file for transfer purposes, which must be 
generated according to the standard specified in this section.
    (b) Data output must be provided in a single comma-delimited file 
outlined in this section using American National Standard Code for 
Information Exchange (ASCII) character sets meeting the standards of 
ANSI INCITS 4-1986 (R2012) (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
395.38). It must include:
    (1) A header segment, which specifies current or non-varying 
elements of an ELD file; and
    (2) Variable length comma-delimited segments for the drivers, 
vehicles, ELD events, ELD malfunction and data diagnostics records, ELD 
login and logout activity, and unidentified driver records.
    (3) Any field value that may contain a comma (``,'') or a carriage 
return () must be replaced with a semicolon (`;') before 
generating the compliant CSV output file.

                        4.8.2.1.1. Header Segment

    This segment must include the following data elements and format:

                 ELD File Header Segment: 

<{Driver's{time}  Last Name,<{Driver's{time}  First 
Name,< ELD username{for the driver{time} ,< 
{Driver's{time}  Driver's License Issuing 
State,<{Driver's{time}  Driver's License 
Number, 
<{Co-Driver's{time}  Last Name,<{Co-Driver's{time}  First 
Name,, 
,,, 
,,,<24-Hour Period Starting Time,, 
,, 

<{Current{time}  Date,< {Current{time}  Time, < 
{Current{time}  Latitude,<{Current{time}  Longitude,< 
{Current{time}  {Total{time}  Vehicle Miles,< {Current{time}  
{Total{time}  Engine Hours, 

,,,, 

                          4.8.2.1.2. User List

    This segment must list all drivers and co-drivers with driving time 
records on the most recent CMV operated by the inspected driver and 
motor carrier's support personnel who requested edits within the time 
period for which this file is generated. The list must be in 
chronological order with most recent user of the ELD on top, and include 
the driver being inspected, the co-driver, and the unidentified driver 
profile. This segment has a variable number of rows depending on the 
number of profiles with activity over the time period for which this 
file is generated. This section must start with the following title:

                        User List: 

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

<{Assigned User{time}  Order Number,<{User's{time}  ELD 
Account Type,<{User's{time}  Last Name,<{User's{time}  First 
Name, 

                           4.8.2.1.3. CMV List

    This segment must list each CMV that the current driver operated and 
that has been recorded on the driver's ELD records within the time 
period for which this file is generated. The list must be rank ordered 
in accordance with the time of CMV operation with the most recent CMV 
being on top. This segment has a variable number of rows depending on 
the number of CMVs operated by the driver over the time period for which 
this file is generated. This section must start with the following 
title:

                        CMV List: 

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

<{Assigned CMV{time}  Order Number,,, 


      4.8.2.1.4. ELD Event List for Driver's Record of Duty Status

    This segment must list ELD event records tagged with event types 1 
(a change in duty status as described in section 4.5.1.1 of this 
appendix), 2 (an intermediate log as described in section 4.5.1.2), and 
3 (a change in driver's indication of conditions impacting driving time 
recording as described in section 4.5.1.3). The segment must list all 
event record status types and all event record origins for the driver, 
rank ordered with the most current log on top in accordance with the 
date and time fields of the record. This segment has a variable number 
of rows depending on the number of ELD events recorded for the driver 
over the time period for which this file is generated. This section must 
start with the following title:

                     ELD Event List: 

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

,,,, ,<{Event{time}  
Date,<{Event{time} Time,<{Accumulated{time}  
Vehicle Miles,<{Elapsed{time}  Engine Hours, 
{Event{time}  
,<{Event{time} Longitude,, <{Corresponding CMV{time}  Order 
Number,<{User{time}  Order Number {for Record 
Originator{time} ,,,, 

     4.8.2.1.5. Event Annotations, Comments, and Driver's Location 
                               Description

    This segment must list only the elements of the ELD event list 
created in section 4.8.2.1.4 of this appendix that have an annotation, 
comment, or a manual entry of location description by the driver. This 
segment has a variable number of rows depending on the number of ELD 
events under section 4.8.2.1.4 that feature a comment, annotation, or 
manual location entry by the driver. This section must start with the 
following title:

            ELD Event Annotations or Comments: 

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

,,<{Event{time}  Comment Text or 
Annotation,<{Event{time}  Date,<{Event{time}  
Time, , 

   4.8.2.1.6. ELD Event List for Driver's Certification of Own Records

    This segment must list ELD event records with event type 4 (driver's 
certification of own records as described in section 4.5.1.4 of this 
appendix) for the inspected driver for the time period for which this 
file is generated. It must be rank ordered with the most current record 
on top. This segment has a variable number of rows depending on the 
number of certification and re-certification actions the authenticated 
driver may have executed on the ELD over the time period for which this 
file is generated. This section must start with the following title:

[[Page 675]]

          Driver's Certification/Recertification Actions: [CR]

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

,,<{Event{time}  Date,<{Event{time}  
Time,,<{Corresponding CMV{time}  Order 
Number, 

           4.8.2.1.7. Malfunction and Diagnostic Event Records

    This segment must list all malfunctions that have occurred on this 
ELD during the time period for which this file is generated. It must 
list diagnostic event records related to the driver being inspected, 
rank ordered with the most current record on top. This segment has a 
variable number of rows depending on the number of ELD malfunctions and 
ELD diagnostic event records recorded and relevant to the inspected 
driver over the time period for which this file is generated. This 
section must start with the following title:

         Malfunctions and Data Diagnostic Events: 

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

,,,<{Event{time}  
Date,<{Event{time}  Time,<{Total{time}  Vehicle 
Miles,<{Total{time}  Engine Hours, <{Corresponding 
CMV{time}  Order Number, 


                   4.8.2.1.8. ELD Login/Logout Report

    This segment must list the login and logout activity on the ELD (ELD 
events with event type 5 (A driver's login/logout activity)) for the 
inspected driver for the time period for which this file is generated. 
It must be rank ordered with the most recent activity on top. This 
section must start with the following title:

                 ELD Login/Logout Report: 

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

,,,<{Event{time}  Date,<{Event{time}  
Time,<{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles,<{Total{time}  
Engine Hours, 

         4.8.2.1.9. CMV's Engine Power-Up and Shut Down Activity

    This segment must list the logs created when a CMV's engine is 
powered up and shut down (ELD events with event type 6 (CMV's engine 
power up/shut down)) for the time period for which this file is 
generated. It must be rank ordered with the latest activity on top. This 
section must start with the following title:

       CMV Engine Power-Up and Shut Down Activity: 

Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

,,<{Event{time}  Date,<{Event{time}  
Time,<{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles,<{Total{time}  
Engine Hours,<{Event{time}  
Latitude,<{Event{time}  Longitude,,,,, 

   4.8.2.1.10. ELD Event Log List for the Unidentified Driver Profile

    This segment must list the ELD event records for the Unidentified 
Driver profile, rank ordered with most current log on top in accordance 
with the date and time fields of the logs. This segment has a variable 
number of rows depending on the number of Unidentified Driver ELD 
records recorded over the time period for which this file is generated. 
This section must start with the following title:

           Unidentified Driver Profile Records: 

    Each subsequent row must have the following data elements:

,,,,,<{Event{time}  
Date,<{Event{time}  Time,< {Accumulated{time}  
Vehicle Miles,< {Elapsed{time}  Engine 
Hours,<{Event{time}  Latitude,<{Event{time}  
Longitude,, 
<{Corresponding CMV{time}  Order Number,,, 

                    4.8.2.1.11. File Data Check Value

    This segment lists the file data check value as specified in section 
4.4.5.3 of this appendix. This part includes a single line as follows:

                       End of File: 

 

                 4.8.2.2. ELD Output File Name Standard

    If the ELD output is saved in a file for transfer or maintenance 
purposes, it must follow the 25 character-long filename standard below:
    (a) The first five position characters of the filename must 
correspond to the first five letters of the last name of the driver for 
whom the file is compiled. If the last name of the driver is shorter 
than five characters, remaining positions must use the character ``_'' 
[underscore] as a substitute character.

[[Page 676]]

For example, if the last name of the driver is ``Lee'', the first five 
characters of the output file must feature ``Lee__ __''.
    (b) The sixth and seventh position characters of the filename must 
correspond to the last two digits of the driver's license number for the 
driver for whom the file is compiled.
    (c) The eighth and ninth position characters of the filename must 
correspond to the sum of all individual numeric digits in the driver's 
license number for the driver for whom the file is compiled. The result 
must be represented in two-digit format. If the sum value exceeds 99, 
use the last two digits of the result. For example, if the result equals 
``113'', use ``13''. If the result is less than 10, use 0 as the first 
digit. For example, if the result equals ``5'', use ``05''.
    (d) The tenth through fifteenth position characters of the filename 
must correspond to the date the file is created. The result must be 
represented in six digit format ``MMDDYY'' where ``MM'' represents the 
month, ``''DD'' represents the day, and ``YY'' represents the last two 
digits of the year. For example, February 5, 2013, must be represented 
as ``020513''.
    (e) The sixteenth position character of the filename must be a 
hyphen ``-''.
    (f) The seventeenth through twenty-fifth position characters of the 
filename must, by default, be ``000000000'' but each of these nine 
digits can be freely configured by the motor carrier or the ELD provider 
to be a number between 0 and 9 or a character between A and Z to be able 
to produce distinct files--if or when necessary--that may otherwise be 
identical in filename as per the convention proposed in this section. 
ELD providers or motor carriers do not need to disclose details of 
conventions they may use for configuring the seventeenth through twenty-
fifth digits of the filename.

               4.9. Data Transfer Capability Requirements

    An ELD must be able to present the captured ELD records of a driver 
in the standard electronic format as described below, and transfer the 
data file to an authorized safety official, on demand, for inspection 
purposes.

         4.9.1. Data Transfer During Roadside Safety Inspections

    (a) On demand during a roadside safety inspection, an ELD must 
produce ELD records for the current 24-hour period and the previous 7 
consecutive days in electronic format, in the standard data format 
described in section 4.8.2.1 of this appendix.
    (b) When a driver uses the single-step driver interface, as 
described in section 4.3.2.4 of this appendix, to indicate that the ELD 
compile and transfer the driver's ELD records to authorized safety 
officials, the ELD must transfer the generated ELD data output to the 
computing environment used by authorized safety officials via the 
standards referenced in this section. To meet roadside electronic data 
transfer requirements, an ELD must do at least one of the following:
    (1) Option 1--Telematics transfer methods. Transfer the electronic 
data using both:
    (i) Wireless Web services, and
    (ii) Email, or
    (2) Option 2--Local transfer methods. Transfer the electronic data 
using both:
    (i) USB2 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38), and
    (ii) Bluetooth (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38).
    (c) The ELD must provide an ELD record for the current 24-hour 
period and the previous 7 consecutive days as described in section 
4.8.1.3 either on a display or on a printout.
    (d) An ELD must support one of the two options for roadside data 
transfer in paragraph (b) of this section, and must certify proper 
operation of each element under that option. An authorized safety 
official will specify which transfer mechanism the official will use 
within the certified transfer mechanisms of an ELD.

                   4.9.2. Motor Carrier Data Reporting

    (a) An ELD must be capable of retaining copies of electronic ELD 
records for a period of at least 6 months from the date of receipt.
    (b) An ELD must produce, on demand, a data file or a series of data 
files of ELD records for a subset of its drivers, a subset of its 
vehicles, and for a subset of the 6-month record retention period, to be 
specified by an authorized safety official, in an electronic format 
standard described in section 4.8.2.1 of this appendix or, if the motor 
carrier has multiple offices or terminals, within the time permitted 
under Sec.  390.29.
    (c) At a minimum, an ELD must be able to transfer the ELD records 
electronically by one of the following transfer mechanisms:
    (1) Web Services as specified in section 4.10.1.1 of this appendix 
(but not necessarily wirelessly), and Email as specified 4.10.1.2 (but 
not necessarily wirelessly); or
    (2) USB 2.0 as specified in section 4.10.1.3 of this appendix and 
Bluetooth, as specified in section 4.10.1.4 (both incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38).

 4.10. Communications Standards for the Transmittal of Data Files from 
                                  ELDs

    ELDs must transmit ELD records electronically in accordance with the 
file format specified in section 4.8.2.1 of this appendix and must be 
capable of a one-way transfer of these records to authorized safety 
officials upon request as specified in section 4.9.

[[Page 677]]

                    4.10.1. Data Transfer Mechanisms

    For each type of data transfer mechanism, an ELD must follow the 
specifications in this section.

            4.10.1.1. Wireless Data Transfer via Web Services

    (a) Transfer of ELD data to FMCSA via Web Services must follow the 
following standards:
    (1) Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1.
    (2) Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 1.2 (incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38).
    (3) Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 5th Edition.
    (b) If an ELD provider plans to use Web Services, upon ELD provider 
registration as described in section 5.1 of this appendix,
    (1) FMCSA will provide formatting files necessary to convert the ELD 
file into an XML format and upload the data to the FMCSA servers. These 
files include FMCSA's Rules of Behavior, XML Schema, WSDL file, 
Interface Control Document (ICD), and the ELD Web Services Development 
Handbook, and
    (2) ELD Providers must obtain a Public/Private Key pair compliant 
with the NIST SP 800-32, Introduction to Public Key Technology and the 
Federal PKI Infrastructure (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
395.38), and submit the public key with their registration.
    (3) ELD Providers will be required to complete a test procedure to 
ensure their data is properly formatted before they can begin submitting 
driver's ELD data to the FMCSA server.
    (c) ELD data transmission must be accomplished in a way that 
protects the privacy of the driver(s).
    (d) At roadside, if both the vehicle operator and law enforcement 
have an available data connection, the vehicle operator will initiate 
the transfer of ELD data to an authorized safety official. In some 
cases, an ELD may be capable of converting the ELD file to an XML format 
using an FMCSA-provided schema and upload it using information provided 
in the WSDL file using SOAP via RFC 7230, RFC 7231, and RFC 5246, 
Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2 (incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38).

             4.10.1.2. Wireless Data Transfer Through Email

    (a) The ELD must attach a file to an email message to be sent using 
RFC 5321 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) (incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38), to a specific email address, which will be 
shared with the ELD providers during the technology registration 
process.
    (b) The file must have the format described in section 4.8.2.1 of 
this appendix and must be encrypted using the Secure/Multipurpose 
Internet Mail Extensions as described in RFC 5751 (incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38), and the RSA algorithm as described in RFC 
4056 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38), with the FMCSA 
public key compliant with NIST SP 800-32 (incorporated by reference, see 
Sec.  395.38) to be provided to the ELD provider at the time of 
registration. The content must be encrypted using AESin FIPS Publication 
197 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38), and RFC 3565 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38).
    (c) The email must be formatted using the RFC 5322 Internet Message 
Format (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38), as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Element                               Format
------------------------------------------------------------------------
To :.............................  
From :...........................  
Subject :........................  ELD records from <':'
                                   
Body :...........................  
Attachment:......................  MIME encoded AES-256 encrypted file
                                    with ...aes
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) A message confirming receipt of the ELD file will be sent to the 
address specified in the email. The filename must follow the convention 
specified in section 4.8.2.2 of this appendix.

                   4.10.1.3 Data Transfer via USB 2.0

    (a) ELDs certified for the USB data transfer mechanism must be 
capable of transferring ELD records using the Universal Serial Bus 
Specification (Revision 2.0) (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
395.38).
    (b) Each ELD technology must implement a single USB-compliant 
interface with the necessary adaptors for a Type A connector. The USB 
interface must implement the Mass Storage class (08h) for driverless 
operation, to comply with IEEE standard 1667-2009, (incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38).
    (c) The ELD must be capable of providing power to a standard USB-
compatible drive.
    (d) An ELD must re-authenticate the driver prior to saving the 
driver's ELD file to an external device.
    (e) On initiation by an authenticated driver, an ELD must be capable 
of saving ELD file(s) to USB-compatible drives (AES, in FIPS Publication 
197, incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38) that are provided by 
authorized safety officials during an inspection. Prior to initiating 
this action, ELDs must be capable of reading a text file from an 
authorized safety officials' drive and verifying it against a file 
provided to ELD providers who have registered their technologies as 
described in section 5.1 of this appendix.

[[Page 678]]

              4.10.1.4. Data Transfer via Bluetooth[supreg]

    (a) Bluetooth SIG Specification of the Bluetooth System covering 
core package version 2.1 + EDR (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
395.38) must be followed. ELDs using this standard must be capable of 
displaying a Personal Identification Number generated by the Bluetooth 
application profile for bonding with other devices(incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  395.38).
    (b) Upon request of an authorized official, the ELD must become 
discoverable by the authorized safety officials' Bluetooth-enabled 
computing platform, and generate a random code, which the driver must 
share with the official (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  395.38).
    (c) The ELD must connect to the roadside authorized safety 
officials' technology via wireless personal area network and transmit 
the required data via Web Services as described in section 4.10.1.1 of 
this appendix.

                 4.10.2. Motor Carrier Data Transmission

    Regardless of the roadside transmission option supported by an ELD, 
ELD records are to be retained and must be able to transmit enforcement-
specified historical data for their drivers using one of the methods 
specified under section 4.9.2 of this appendix.
    (a) Web services option must follow the specifications described 
under section 4.10.1.1 of this appendix.
    (b) The email option must follow the specifications described under 
section 4.10.1.2 of this appendix.
    (c) The USB option must follow the specifications of Universal 
Serial Bus Specification, revision 2.0 (incorporated by reference, see 
Sec.  395.38) and described in section 4.10.1.3 of this appendix.
    (d) Bluetooth must follow the specifications incorporated by 
reference (see Sec.  395.38) and described in section 4.10.1.4 of this 
appendix.

                  5. ELD Registration and Certification

    As described in Sec.  395.22(a) of this part, motor carriers must 
only use ELDs that are listed on the FMCSA Web site. An ELD provider 
must register with FMCSA and certify each ELD model and version for that 
ELD to be listed on this Web site.

                    5.1. ELD Provider's Registration

                        5.1.1. Registering Online

    (a) An ELD provider developing an ELD technology must register 
online at a secure FMCSA Web site where the ELD provider can securely 
certify that its ELD is compliant with this appendix.
    (b) Provider's registration must include the following information:
    (1) Company name of the technology provider/manufacturer.
    (2) Name of an individual authorized by the provider to verify that 
the ELD is compliant with this appendix and to certify it under section 
5.2 of this appendix.
    (3) Address of the registrant.
    (4) Email address of the registrant.
    (5) Telephone number of the registrant.

                   5.1.2. Keeping Information Current

    The ELD provider must keep the information in section 5.1.1(b) of 
this appendix current through FMCSA's Web site.

             5.1.3. Authentication Information Distribution

    FMCSA will provide a unique ELD registration ID, authentication 
key(s), authentication file(s), and formatting and configuration details 
required in this appendix to registered providers during the 
registration process.

          5.2. Certification of Conformity With FMCSA Standards

    A registered ELD provider must certify that each ELD model and 
version has been sufficiently tested to meet the functional requirements 
included in this appendix under the conditions in which the ELD would be 
used.

                       5.2.1. Online Certification

    (a) An ELD provider registered online as described in section 5.1.1 
of this appendix must disclose the information in paragraph (b) of this 
section about each ELD model and version and certify that the particular 
ELD is compliant with the requirements of this appendix.
    (b) The online process will only allow a provider to complete 
certification if the provider successfully discloses all of the 
following required information:
    (1) Name of the product.
    (2) Model number of the product.
    (3) Software version of the product.
    (4) An ELD identifier, uniquely identifying the certified model and 
version of the ELD, assigned by the ELD provider in accordance with 
section 7.15 of this appendix.
    (5) Picture and/or screen shot of the product.
    (6) User's manual describing how to operate the ELD.
    (7) Description of the supported and certified data transfer 
mechanisms and step-by-step instructions for a driver to produce and 
transfer the ELD records to an authorized safety official.
    (8) Summary description of ELD malfunctions.
    (9) Procedure to validate an ELD authentication value as described 
in section 7.14 of this appendix.

[[Page 679]]

    (10) Certifying statement describing how the product was tested to 
comply with FMCSA regulations.

           5.2.2. Procedure To Validate an ELD's Authenticity

    Paragraph 5.2.1(b)(9) of this appendix requires that the ELD 
provider identify its authentication process and disclose necessary 
details for FMCSA systems to independently verify the ELD authentication 
values included in the dataset of inspected ELD outputs. The 
authentication value must include a hash component that only uses data 
elements included in the ELD dataset and datafile. ELD authentication 
value must meet the requirements specified in section 7.14 of this 
appendix.

                   5.3. Publicly Available Information

    Except for the information listed under paragraphs 5.1.1(b)(2), (4), 
and (5) and 5.2.1(b)(9) of this appendix, FMCSA will make the 
information in sections 5.1.1 and 5.2.1 for each certified ELD publicly 
available on a Web site to allow motor carriers to determine which 
products have been properly registered and certified as ELDs compliant 
with this appendix.

                  5.4. Removal of Listed Certification

                         5.4.1. Removal Process

    FMCSA may remove an ELD model or version from the list of ELDs on 
the FMCSA Web site in accordance with this section.

                              5.4.2. Notice

    FMCSA shall initiate the removal of an ELD model or version from the 
list of ELDs on the FMCSA Web site by providing the ELD provider written 
notice stating:
    (a) The reasons FMCSA proposes to remove the model or version from 
the FMCSA list; and
    (b) Any corrective action that the ELD provider must take for the 
ELD model or version to remain on the list.

                             5.4.3. Response

    An ELD provider that receives notice under section 5.4.2 of this 
appendix may submit a response to FMCSA no later than 30 days after 
issuance of the notice of proposed removal, explaining:
    (a) The reasons why the ELD provider believes the facts relied on by 
the Agency, in proposing removal, are wrong; or
    (b) The action the ELD provider will take to correct the 
deficiencies that FMCSA identified.

                          5.4.4. Agency Action

    (a) If the ELD provider fails to respond within 30 days of the date 
of the notice issued under section 5.4.2 of this appendix, the ELD model 
or version shall be removed from the FMCSA list.
    (b) If the ELD provider submits a timely response, FMCSA shall 
review the response and withdraw the notice of proposed removal, modify 
the notice of proposed removal, or affirm the notice of proposed 
removal, and notify the ELD provider in writing of the determination.
    (c) Within 60 days of the determination, the ELD provider shall take 
any action required to comply. If FMCSA determines that the ELD provider 
failed to timely take the required action within the 60 day period, the 
ELD model or version shall be removed from the FMCSA list.
    (d) FMCSA may request from the ELD provider any information that 
FMCSA considers necessary to make a determination under this section.

                      5.4.5. Administrative Review

    (a) Within 30 days of removal of an ELD model or version from the 
FMCSA list of certified ELDs under section 5.4.4 of this appendix, the 
ELD provider may request administrative review.
    (b) A request for administrative review must be submitted in writing 
to FMCSA, ATTN: ELD Removal--Request for Administrative Review. The 
request must explain the error committed in removing the ELD model or 
version from the FMCSA list, identify all factual, legal, and procedural 
issues in dispute, and include any supporting information or documents.
    (c) FMCSA may ask the ELD provider to submit additional information 
or attend a conference to discuss the removal. If the ELD provider does 
not submit the requested information or attend the scheduled conference, 
FMCSA may dismiss the request for administrative review.
    (d) FMCSA will complete the administrative review and notify the ELD 
provider of the decision in writing. The decision constitutes a final 
Agency action.

                              6. References

    (a) American National Standards Institute (ANSI). 11 West 42nd 
Street, New York, New York 10036, http://webstore.ansi.org, (212) 642-
4900.
    (1) ANSI INCITS 4-1986 (R2012), American National Standard for 
Information Systems--Coded Character Sets--7-Bit American National 
Standard Code for Information Interchange (7-Bit ASCII), approved June 
14, 2007, IBR in section 4.8.2.1, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) ANSI INCITS 446-2008 (R2013), American National Standard for 
Information Technology--Identifying Attributes for Named Physical and 
Cultural Geographic Features (Except Roads and Highways) of the United 
States, Territories, Outlying Areas, and

[[Page 680]]

Freely Associated Areas, and the Waters of the Same to the Limit of the 
Twelve-Mile Statutory Zone, approved October 28, 2008, IBR in section 
4.4.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (b) Bluetooth SIG, Inc. 5209 Lake Washington Blvd. NE., Suite 350, 
Kirkland, WA 98033, https://www.bluetooth.org/Technical/Specifications/
adopted.htm, (425) 691-3535.
    (1) Bluetooth SIG, Inc., Specification of the Bluetooth System: 
Wireless Connections Made Easy, Covered Core Package version 2.1 + EDR, 
volumes 0 through 4, approved July 26, 2007, IBR in sections 4.9.1, 
4.9.2, 4.10.1.4, 4.10.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (c) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 
Standards Association. 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-4141, http://
standards.ieee.org/index.html, (732) 981-0060.
    (1) IEEE Std 1667-2009, IEEE Standard for Authentication in Host 
Attachments of Transient Storage Devices, approved 11 November 2009, IBR 
in section 4.10.1.3, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (d) Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). C/o Association 
Management Solutions, LLC (AMS) 48377 Freemont Blvd., Suite 117, 
Freemont, CA 94538, (510) 492-4080.
    (1) IETF RFC 3565, Use of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 
Encryption Algorithm in Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS), approved 
July 2003, IBR in section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) IETF RFC 4056, Use of the RSASSA-PSS Signature Algorithm in 
Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS), approved June 2005, IBR in section 
4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (3) IETF RFC 5246, The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol 
Version 1.2, approved August 2008, IBR in section 4.10.1.1, Appendix A 
to subpart B.
    (4) IETF RFC 5321, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, approved October 
2008, IBR in section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (5) IETF RFC 5322, Internet Message Format, approved October 2008, 
IBR in section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (6) IETF RFC 5751, Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/
MIME) Version 3.2, Message Specification, approved January 2010, IBR in 
section 4.10.1.2, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (7) IETF RFC 7230, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message 
Syntax and Routing, approved June 2014, IBR in section 4.10.1.1, 
Appendix A to subpart B.
    (8) IETF RFC 7231, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics 
and Content, approved June 2014, IBR in section 4.10.1.1, Appendix A to 
subpart B.
    (e) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). 100 
Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://
www.nist.gov, (301) 975-6478.
    (1) Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS PUB) 
197, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), approved November 26, 2001, IBR 
in sections 4.10.1.2 and 4.10.1.3, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) SP 800-32, Introduction to Public Key Technology and the Federal 
PKI Infrastructure, approved February 26, 2001, IBR in section 4.10.1.2, 
Appendix A to subpart B.
    (f) Universal Serial Bus Implementers Forum (USBIF). 3855 SW. 153rd 
Drive, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, http://www.usb.org, (503) 619-0426.
    (1) USB Implementers Forum, Inc., Universal Serial Bus 
Specification, Revision 2.0, approved April 27, 2000, as revised through 
April 3, 2015, IBR in sections 4.9.1, 4.9.2, 4.10.1.3, and 4.10.2, 
Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (g) World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). 32 Vassar Street, Building 32-
G514, Cambridge, MA 02139, http://www.w3.org, (617) 253-2613.
    (1) W3C Recommendation 27, SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging 
Framework (Second Edition), including errata, approved April 2007, IBR 
in section 4.10.1.1, Appendix A to subpart B.
    (2) [Reserved]

                       7. Data Elements Dictionary

                    7.1. 24-Hour Period Starting Time

    Description: This data element refers to the 24-hour period starting 
time specified by the motor carrier for driver's home terminal.
    Purpose: Identifies the bookends of the work day for the driver; 
makes ELD records consistent with Sec.  395.8 requirements, which 
require this information to be included on the form.
    Source: Motor carrier.
    Used in: ELD account profile; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Programmed or populated on the ELD during account 
creation and maintained by the motor carrier to reflect true and 
accurate information for drivers.
    Data Range: 000000 to 235959; first two digits 00 to 23; middle two 
digits and last two digits 00 to 59.
    Data Length: 6 characters.
    Data Format:  Military time format, where ``HH'' 
refers to hours,
    ``MM'' refers to minutes, and ``SS'' refers to seconds; designation 
for start time expressed in time standard in effect at the driver's home 
terminal.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [060000], [073000], [180000].

                            7.2. Carrier Name

    Description: This data element refers to the motor carrier's legal 
name for conducting commercial business.
    Purpose: Provides a recognizable identifier about the motor carrier 
on viewable ELD outputs; provides ability to cross check against USDOT 
number.

[[Page 681]]

    Source: FMCSA's Safety and Fitness Electronic Records (SAFER) 
System.
    Used in: ELD account profile.
    Data Type: Programmed on the ELD or entered once during the ELD 
account creation process.
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: 4; Maximum: 120 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  to 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Example: [CONSOLIDATED TRUCKLOAD INC.].

                       7.3. Carrier's USDOT Number

    Description: This data element refers to the motor carrier's USDOT 
number.
    Purpose: Uniquely identifies the motor carrier employing the driver 
using the ELD.
    Source: FMCSA's Safety and Fitness Electronic Records (SAFER) 
System.
    Used in: ELD account profiles; ELD event records; ELD output file.
    Data Type: Programmed on the ELD or entered once during the ELD 
account creation process.
    Data Range: An integer number of length 1-8 assigned to the motor 
carrier by FMCSA (9 position numbers reserved).
    Data Length: Minimum: 1; Maximum: 9 characters.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1], [1000003].

                       7.4. CMV Power Unit Number

    Description: This data element refers to the identifier the motor 
carrier uses for their CMVs in their normal course of business.
    Purpose: Identifies the vehicle a driver operates while a driver's 
ELD records are recorded; Makes ELD records consistent with Sec.  395.8 
requirements, which require the truck or tractor number to be included 
on the form.
    Source: Unique CMV identifiers a motor carrier uses in its normal 
course of business and includes on dispatch documents, or the license 
number and the licensing State of the power unit.
    Used in: ELD event records; ELD output file.
    Data Type: Programmed on the ELD or populated by motor carrier's 
extended ELD system or entered by the driver.
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: 1; Maximum: 10 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  
to .
    Disposition: Mandatory for all CMVs operated while using an ELD.
    Examples: [123], [00123], [BLUEKW123], [TX12345].

                              7.5. CMV VIN

    Description: This data element refers to the manufacturer-assigned 
vehicle identification number (VIN) for the CMV powered unit.
    Purpose: Uniquely identifies the operated CMV not only within a 
motor carrier at a given time but across all CMVs sold within a 30-year 
rolling period.
    Source: A robust unique CMV identifier standardized in North 
America.
    Used in: ELD event records; ELD output file.
    Data Type: Retrieved from the engine ECM via the vehicle databus.
    Data Range: Either blank or 17 characters long as specified by NHTSA 
in 49 CFR part 565, or 18 characters long with first character assigned 
as ``-'' (dash) followed by the 17 character long VIN. Check digit, 
i.e., VIN character position 9, as specified in 49 CFR part 565 must 
imply a valid VIN.
    Data Length: Blank or 17-18 characters.
    Data Format:  or <``-''  or <{blank{time}  as in 
, or <-CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC or 
<.
    Disposition: Mandatory for all ELDs linked to the engine ECM and 
when VIN is available from the engine ECM over the vehicle databus; 
otherwise optional. If optionally populated and source is not the engine 
ECM, precede VIN with the character ``-'' in records.
    Examples: [1FUJGHDV0CLBP8834], [-1FUJGHDV0CLBP8896], [].

                         7.6. Comment/Annotation

    Description: This is a textual note related to a record, update, or 
edit capturing the comment or annotation a driver or authorized support 
personnel may input to the ELD.
    Purpose: Provides ability for a driver to offer explanations to 
records, selections, edits, or entries.
    Source: Driver or authorized support personnel.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Entered by the authenticated user via ELD's interface.
    Data Range: Free form text of any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: 0-60 characters if optionally entered; 4-60 characters 
if annotation is required and driver is prompted by the ELD.
    Data Format:  as in 
<{blank{time}  or  to .
    Disposition: Optional in general; Mandatory if prompted by ELD.
    Examples: [], [Personal Conveyance. Driving to Restaurant in bobtail 
mode], [Forgot to switch to SB. Correcting here].

[[Page 682]]

               7.7. Data Diagnostic Event Indicator Status

    Description: This is a Boolean indicator identifying whether the 
used ELD unit has an active data diagnostic event set for the 
authenticated driver at the time of event recording.
    Purpose: Documents the snapshot of ELD's data diagnostic status for 
the authenticated driver at the time of an event recording.
    Source: ELD internal monitoring functions.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Internally monitored and managed.
    Data Range: 0 (no active data diagnostic events for the driver) or 1 
(at least one active data diagnostic event set for the driver).
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as 
in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [0] or [1].

                                7.8. Date

    Description: In combination with the variable ``Time'', this 
parameter stamps records with a reference in time; even though date and 
time must be captured in UTC, event records must use date and time 
converted to the time zone in effect at the driver's home terminal as 
specified in section 4.4.3.
    Purpose: Provides ability to record the instance of recorded events.
    Source: ELD's converted time measurement.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: UTC date must be automatically captured by ELD; date in 
effect at the driver's home terminal must be calculated as specified in 
section 4.4.3.
    Data Range: Any valid date combination expressed in 
 format where ``MM'' refers to months, ``DD'' refers 
to days of the month and ``YY'' refers to the last two digits of the 
calendar year.
    Data Length: 6 characters.
    Data Format:  where  must be between 
01 and 12,  must be between 01 and 31, and  
must be between 00 and 99.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [122815], [010114], [061228].

               7.9. Distance Since Last Valid Coordinates

    Description: Distance in whole miles traveled since the last valid 
latitude, longitude pair the ELD measured with the required accuracy.
    Purpose: Provides ability to keep track of location for recorded 
events in cases of temporary position measurement outage.
    Source: ELD internal calculations.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Kept track of by the ELD based on position measurement 
validity.
    Data Range: An integer value between 0 and 6; If the distance 
traveled since the last valid coordinate measurement exceeds 6 miles, 
the ELD must enter the value as 6.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [0], [1], [5], [6].

                  7.10. Driver's License Issuing State

    Description: This data element refers to the issuing State, Province 
or jurisdiction of the listed Driver's License for the ELD account 
holder.
    Purpose: In combination with ``Driver's License Number'', it links 
the ELD driver account holder uniquely to an individual with driving 
credentials; ensures that only one driver account can be created per 
individual.
    Source: Driver's license.
    Used in: ELD account profile(s); ELD output file.
    Data Type: Entered (during the creation of a new ELD account).
    Data Range: To character abbreviation listed on Table 5 of this 
appendix.
    Data Length: 2 characters.
    Data Format:  as in 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory for all driver accounts created on the ELD; 
optional for ``non-driver'' accounts.
    Example: [WA].

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                      7.11. Driver's License Number

    Description: This data element refers to the unique Driver's License 
information required for each driver account on the ELD.
    Purpose: In combination with driver's license issuing State, it 
links the ELD driver account holder to an individual with driving 
credentials; ensures that only one driver account can be created per 
individual.
    Source: Driver's license.
    Used in: ELD account profile(s); ELD output file.
    Data Type: Entered (during the creation of a new ELD account).
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: 1; Maximum: 20 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  
to . For ELD record keeping purposes, 
ELD must only retain characters in a Driver's License Number entered 
during an account creation process that are a number between 0-9 or a 
character between A-Z (non-case sensitive).

[[Page 685]]

    Disposition: Mandatory for all driver accounts created on the ELD; 
optional for ``non-driver'' accounts.
    Examples: [SAMPLMJ065LD], [D000368210361], [198], [N02632676353666].

                   7.12. Driver's Location Description

    Description: This is a textual note related to the location of the 
CMV input by the driver upon ELD's prompt.
    Purpose: Provides ability for a driver to enter location information 
related to entry of missing records; provides ability to accommodate 
temporary positioning service interruptions or outage without setting 
positioning malfunctions.
    Source: Driver, only when prompted by the ELD.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Entered by the authenticated driver when ELD solicits 
this information as specified in section 4.3.2.7.
    Data Range: Free form text of any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: 5-60 characters.
    Data Format:  to .
    Disposition: Mandatory when prompted by ELD.
    Examples: [], [5 miles SW of Indianapolis, IN], [Reston, VA].

                         7.13. ELD Account Type

    Description: An indicator designating whether an ELD account is a 
driver account or support personnel (non-driver) account.
    Purpose: Enables authorized safety officials to verify account type 
specific requirements set forth in this document.
    Source: ELD designated.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Specified during the account creation process and 
recorded on ELD.
    Data Range: Character ``D'', indicating account type ``Driver'', or 
``S'', indicating account type ``motor carrier's support personnel'' 
(i.e. non-driver); ``Unidentified Driver'' account must be designated 
with type ``D''.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format: .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [D], [S].

                     7.14. ELD Authentication Value

    Description: An alphanumeric value that is unique to an ELD and 
verifies the authenticity of the given ELD.
    Purpose: Provides ability to cross-check the authenticity of an ELD 
used in the recording of a driver's records during inspections.
    Source: ELD provider-assigned value; includes a certificate 
component and a hashed component; necessary information related to 
authentication keys and hash procedures disclosed by the registered ELD 
provider during the online ELD certification process for independent 
verification by FMCSA systems. For example, an ELD Authentication Value 
could be generated by creating a string that concatenates a 
predetermined selection of values that will be included in the ELD 
Output File, signing that string (using the ELD private key and a 
predetermined hash algorithm), then using a binary-to-text encoding 
algorithm to encode the signature into alphanumeric characters.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Calculated from the authentication ELD provider's private 
key not provided to FMCSA but corresponding to the ELD provider's public 
key certificate and calculation procedure privately distributed by the 
ELD provider to FMCSA during the ELD registration process.
    Data Range: Alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Greater than 16 characters.
    Data Format: .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Example: [bGthamRrZmpha3NkamZsa2pzZGxma 
2phc2xka2Y7ajtza25rbCBucms7Y2 . . . RuZHN udm5hc21kbnZBU0RGS0xKQVNMS0R 
KTEs7QVNKRDtGTEtBSlNERktMSk FEU0w7S1NESkZMSw==].

                          7.15. ELD Identifier

    Description: An alphanumeric identifier assigned by the ELD provider 
to the ELD technology that is certified by the registered provider at 
FMCSA's Web site.
    Purpose: Provides ability to cross-check that the ELD used in the 
recording of a driver's records is certified through FMCSA's 
registration and certification process as required.
    Source: Assigned and submitted by the ELD provider during the online 
certification of an ELD model and version.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Coded on the ELD by the ELD provider and disclosed to 
FMCSA during the online certification process.
    Data Range: A six character alphanumeric identifier using characters 
A-Z and number 0-9.
    Data Length: 6 characters.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1001ZE], [GAM112], [02P3P1].

                           7.16. ELD Provider

    Description: An alphanumeric company name of the technology provider 
as registered at the FMCSA's Web site.
    Purpose: Provides ability to cross-check that the ELD used in the 
recording of a driver's records is certified through FMCSA's 
registration and certification process as required.

[[Page 686]]

    Source: Assigned and submitted by the ELD provider during the online 
registration process.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Coded on the ELD by the ELD provider and disclosed to 
FMCSA during the online registration process.
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: 4; Maximum 120 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  to 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [ELD PROVIDER INC].

                        7.17. ELD Registration ID

    Description: An alphanumeric registration identifier assigned to the 
ELD provider that is registered with FMCSA during the ELD registration 
process.
    Purpose: Provides ability to cross-check that the ELD provider has 
registered as required.
    Source: Received from FMCSA during online provider registration.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Coded on the ELD by the provider.
    Data Range: A four character alphanumeric registration identifier 
using characters A-Z and numbers 0-9.
    Data Length: 4 characters.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [ZA10], [QA0C], [FAZ2].

                           7.18. ELD Username

    Description: This data element refers to the unique user identifier 
assigned to the account holder on the ELD to authenticate the 
corresponding individual during an ELD login process; the individual may 
be a driver or a motor carrier's support personnel.
    Purpose: Documents the user identifier assigned to the driver linked 
to the ELD account.
    Source: Assigned by the motor carrier during the creation of a new 
ELD account.
    Used in: ELD account profile; event records; ELD login process.
    Data Type: Entered (during account creation and user 
authentication).
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: 4; Maximum: 60 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  to 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory for all accounts created on the ELD.
    Examples: [smithj], [100384], [sj2345], [john.smith].

                           7.19. Engine Hours

    Description: This data element refers to the time the CMV's engine 
is powered in decimal hours with 0.1 hr (6-minute) resolution; this 
parameter is a placeholder for <{Total{time}  Engine Hours, 
which refers to the aggregated time of a vehicle's engine's operation 
since its inception, and used in recording ``engine power on'' and 
``engine shut down'' events, and also for <{Elapsed{time}  Engine 
Hours, which refers to the elapsed time in the engine's 
operation in the given ignition power on cycle, and used in the 
recording of all other events.
    Purpose: Provides ability to identify gaps in the operation of a 
CMV, when the vehicle's engine may be powered but the ELD may not; 
provides ability to cross check integrity of recorded data elements in 
events and prevent gaps in the recording of ELD.
    Source: ELD measurement or sensing.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Acquired from the engine ECM or a comparable other source 
as allowed in section 4.3.1.4.
    Data Range: For <{Total{time}  Engine hours, range is 
between 0.0 and 99999.9; for <{Elapsed{time}  Engine hours, 
range is between 0.0 and 99999.9.
    Data Length: 3-7 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  to 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory for any event whose origin is the ELD or the 
unidentified driver profile. For events created by the driver or another 
authenticated user when engine hours are not available and cannot 
accurately be determined this field can be blank.
    Examples: [0.0], [9.9], [346.1], [2891.4].

                            7.20. Event Code

    Description: A dependent attribute on ``Event Type'' parameter that 
further specifies the nature of the change indicated in ``Event Type''; 
this parameter indicates the new status after the change.
    Purpose: Provides ability to code the specific nature of the change 
electronically.
    Source: ELD internal calculations.
    Used in: ELD event records; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: ELD recorded and maintained event attribute in accordance 
with the type of event and nature of the new status being recorded.
    Data Range: Dependent on the ``Event Type'' as indicated on Table 6 
of this appendix.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [0], [1], [4], [9].

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                      7.21. Event Data Check Value

    Description: A hexadecimal ``check'' value calculated in accordance 
with the procedure outlined in section 4.4.5.1 of this appendix and 
attached to each event record at the time of recording.
    Purpose: Provides ability to identify cases where an ELD event 
record may have been inappropriately modified after its original 
recording.
    Source: ELD internal.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD output file.
    Data Type: Calculated by the ELD in accordance with section 4.4.5.1 
of this appendix.
    Data Range: A number between hexadecimal 00 (decimal 0) and 
hexadecimal FF (decimal 255).
    Data Length: 2 characters.
    Data Format:  as in 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [05], [CA], [F3].

                        7.22. Event Record Origin

    Description: An attribute for the event record indicating whether it 
is automatically recorded, or edited, entered or accepted by the driver, 
requested by another authenticated user, or assumed from unidentified 
driver profile.
    Purpose: Provides ability to track origin of the records.
    Source: ELD internal calculations.
    Used in: ELD event records; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: ELD recorded and maintained event attribute in accordance 
with the procedures outlined in sections 4.4.4.2.2, 4.4.4.2.3, 
4.4.4.2.4, 4.4.4.2.5, and 4.4.4.2.6 of this appendix.
    Data Range: 1, 2, 3 or 4 as described on Table 7 of this appendix.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1], [2], [3], [4].

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                        7.23. Event Record Status

    Description: An attribute for the event record indicating whether an 
event is active or inactive and further, if inactive, whether it is due 
to a change or lack of confirmation by the driver or due to a driver's 
rejection of change request.
    Purpose: Provides ability to keep track of edits and entries 
performed over ELD records while retaining original records.
    Source: ELD internal calculations.
    Used in: ELD event records; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: ELD recorded and maintained event attribute in accordance 
with the procedures outlined in sections 4.4.4.2.2, 4.4.4.2.3, 
4.4.4.2.4, 4.4.4.2.5, and 4.4.4.2.6 of this appendix.
    Data Range: 1, 2, 3 or 4 as described on Table 8 of this appendix.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1], [2], [3], [4].
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.013
    
                     7.24. Event Sequence ID Number

    Description: This data element refers to the serial identifier 
assigned to each required ELD event as described in section 4.5.1 of 
this appendix.
    Purpose: Provides ability to keep a continuous record, on a given 
ELD, across all users of that ELD.
    Source: ELD internal calculations.
    Used in: ELD event records; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: ELD maintained; incremented by 1 for each new record on 
the ELD; continuous for each new event the ELD records regardless of 
owner of the records.
    Data Range: 0 to FFFF; initial factory value must be 0; after FFFF 
hexadecimal (decimal 65535), the next Event Sequence ID number must be 
0.
    Data Length: 1-4 characters.
    Data Format:  as in 
 to .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1], [1F2C], p2D3], [BB], [FFFE].

[[Page 689]]

                            7.25. Event Type

    Description: An attribute specifying the type of the event record.
    Purpose: Provides ability to code the type of the recorded event in 
electronic format.
    Source: ELD internal calculations.
    Used in: ELD event records; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: ELD recorded and maintained event attribute in accordance 
with the type of event being recorded.
    Data Range: 1-7 as described on Table 9 of this appendix.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1], [5], [4], [7].
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                    7.26. Exempt Driver Configuration

    Description: A parameter indicating whether the motor carrier 
configured a driver's profile to claim exemption from ELD use.
    Purpose: Provides ability to code the motor carrier-indicated 
exemption for the driver electronically.
    Source: Motor carrier's configuration for a given driver.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Motor carrier configured and maintained parameter in 
accordance with the qualification requirements listed in Sec.  395.1.
    Data Range: E (exempt) or 0 (number zero).
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [E], [0].

                       7.27. File Data Check Value

    Description: A hexadecimal ``check'' value calculated in accordance 
with the procedure outlined in section 4.4.5.3 of this appendix and 
attached to each ELD output file.
    Purpose: Provides ability to identify cases where an ELD file may 
have been inappropriately modified after its original creation.
    Source: ELD internal.
    Used in: ELD output files.
    Data Type: Calculated by the ELD in accordance with section 4.4.5.3 
of this appendix.
    Data Range: A number between hexadecimal 0000 (decimal 0) and 
hexadecimal FFFF (decimal 65535).
    Data Length: 4 characters.
    Data Format:  as in 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [F0B5], [00CA], [523E].

                            7.28. First Name

    Description: This data element refers to the given name of the 
individual holding an ELD account.
    Purpose: Links an individual to the associated ELD account.
    Source: Driver's license for driver accounts; driver's license or 
government-issued ID for support personnel accounts.
    Used in: ELD account profile(s); ELD outputs (display and file).
    Data Type: Entered (during the creation of a new ELD account).
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: 2; Maximum: 30 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  to 
 where ``C'' denotes a character.
    Disposition: Mandatory for all accounts created on the ELD.
    Example: [John].

[[Page 690]]

                           7.29. Geo-Location

    Description: A descriptive indicator of the CMV position in terms of 
a distance and direction to a recognizable location derived from a GNIS 
database at a minimum containing all cities, towns and villages with a 
population of 5,000 or greater.
    Purpose: Provide recognizable location information on a display or 
printout to users of the ELD.
    Source: ELD internal calculations as specified in section 4.4.2 of 
this appendix.
    Used in: ELD display or printout.
    Data Type: Identified from the underlying latitude/longitude 
coordinates by the ELD.
    Data Range: Contains four segments in one text field; a recognizable 
location driven from GNIS database containing--at a minimum--all cities, 
towns and villages with a population of 5,000 in text format containing 
a location name and the State abbreviation, distance from this location 
and direction from this location.
    Data Length: Minimum: 5; Maximum: 60 characters.
    Data Format:  <'mi `  <' `  <' `  where:

 must either be 
<{blank{time}  or  or  where the 
up-to two character number specifies absolute distance between 
identified geo-location and event location;
 must either 
be <{blank{time}  or  or  or 
, must represent direction of event location with respect 
to the identified geo-location, and must take a value listed on Table 10 
of this appendix; must take values listed on Table 5;  must be the text description 
of the identified reference location;
Overall length of the ``Geo-location'' parameter must not be longer than 
60 characters long.

    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [2mi ESE IL Darien], [1mi SE TX Dallas], [11mi NNW IN West 
Lafayette].
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16DE15.015


[[Page 691]]



                             7.30. Last Name

    Description: This data element refers to the last name of the 
individual holding an ELD account.
    Purpose: Links an individual to the associated ELD account.
    Source: Driver's license for driver accounts; driver's license or 
government-issued ID for support personnel accounts.
    Used in: ELD account profile(s); ELD outputs (display and file).
    Data Type: Entered (during the creation of a new ELD account).
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: 2; Maximum: 30 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  to 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory for all accounts created on the ELD.
    Example: [Smith].

                             7.31. Latitude

    Description: An angular distance in degrees north and south of the 
equator.
    Purpose: In combination with the variable ``Longitude'', this 
parameter stamps records requiring a position attribute with a reference 
point on the face of the earth.
    Source: ELD's position measurement.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Latitude and Longitude must be automatically captured by 
the ELD.
    Data Range: X, M, E or -90.00 to 90.00 in decimal degrees (two 
decimal point resolution) in records using conventional positioning 
precision; -90.0 to 90.0 in decimal degrees (single decimal point 
resolution) in records using reduced positioning precision when allowed; 
latitudes north of the equator must be specified by the absence of a 
minus sign (-) preceding the digits designating degrees; latitudes south 
of the Equator must be designated by a minus sign (-) preceding the 
digits designating degrees.
    Data Length: 1, or 3 to 6 characters.
    Data Format:  or First character: [<'-' or 
<{blank{time} ]; then [ or ]; then 
<'.'; then [ or ].
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [X], [M], [E], [-15.68], [38.89], [5.07], [-6.11], [-
15.7], [38.9], [5.1], [-6.1].

                       7.32. Line Data Check Value

    Description: A hexadecimal ``check'' value calculated in accordance 
with procedure outlined in section 4.4.5.2 and attached to each line of 
output featuring data at the time of output file being generated.
    Purpose: Provides ability to identify cases where an ELD output file 
may have been inappropriately modified after its original generation.
    Source: ELD internal.
    Used in: ELD output file.
    Data Type: Calculated by the ELD in accordance with 4.4.5.2.
    Data Range: A number between hexadecimal 00 (decimal 0) and 
hexadecimal FF (decimal 255) .
    Data Length: 2 characters.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [01], [A4], [CC].

                             7.33. Longitude

    Description: An angular distance in degrees measured on a circle of 
reference with respect to the zero (or prime) meridian; The prime 
meridian runs through Greenwich, England.
    Purpose: In combination with the variable ``Latitude'', this 
parameter stamps records requiring a position attribute with a reference 
point on the face of the earth.
    Source: ELD's position measurement.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Latitude and Longitude must be automatically captured by 
the ELD.
    Data Range: X, M, E or -179.99 to 180.00 in decimal degrees (two 
decimal point resolution) in records using conventional positioning 
precision; -179.9 to 180.0 in decimal degrees (single decimal point 
resolution) in records using reduced positioning precision when allowed; 
longitudes east of the prime meridian must be specified by the absence 
of a minus sign (-) preceding the digits designating degrees of 
longitude; longitudes west of the prime meridian must be designated by 
minus sign (-) preceding the digits designating degrees.
    Data Length: 1, or 3 to 7 characters.
    Data Format:  or First character: [<`-' or 
<{blank{time} ]; then [,  or 
]; then <`.'; then [ or 
].
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [X], [M], [E], [-157.81], [-77.03], [9.05], [-0.15], [-
157.8], [-77.0], [9.1], [-0.2].

                    7.34. Malfunction/Diagnostic Code

    Description: A code that further specifies the underlying 
malfunction or data diagnostic event.
    Purpose: Enables coding the type of malfunction and data diagnostic 
event to cover the standardized set in Table 4 of this appendix.
    Source: ELD internal monitoring.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Recorded by ELD when malfunctions and data diagnostic 
events are set or reset.
    Data Range: As specified in Table 4 of this appendix.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format: .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1], [5], [P], [L].

[[Page 692]]

                   7.35. Malfunction Indicator Status

    Description: This is a Boolean indicator identifying whether the 
used ELD unit has an active malfunction set at the time of event 
recording.
    Purpose: Documents the snapshot of ELD's malfunction status at the 
time of an event recording.
    Source: ELD internal monitoring functions.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Internally monitored and managed.
    Data Range: 0 (no active malfunction) or 1 (at least one active 
malfunction).
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [0] or [1].

                        7.36. Multiday Basis Used

    Description: This data element refers to the multiday basis (7 or 8 
days) used by the motor carrier to compute cumulative duty hours.
    Purpose: Provides ability to apply the HOS rules accordingly.
    Source: Motor carrier.
    Used in: ELD account profile; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Entered by the motor carrier during account creation 
process.
    Data Range: 7 or 8.
    Data Length: 1 character.
    Data Format:  as in .
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [7], [8].

                           7.37. Order Number

    Description: A continuous integer number assigned in the forming of 
a list, starting at 1 and incremented by 1 for each unique item on the 
list.
    Purpose: Allows for more compact report file output generation 
avoiding repetitious use of CMV identifiers and usernames affected in 
records.
    Source: ELD internal.
    Used in: ELD outputs, listing of users and CMVs referenced in ELD 
logs.
    Data Type: Managed by ELD.
    Data Range: Integer between 1 and 99.
    Data Length: 1-2 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  or 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [1], [5], [11], [28].

                        7.38. Output File Comment

    Description: A textual field that may be populated with information 
pertaining to the created ELD output file; An authorized safety official 
may provide a key phrase or code to be included in the output file 
comment, which may be used to link the requested data to an inspection, 
inquiry, or other enforcement action; if provided to the driver by an 
authorized safety official, it must be entered into the ELD and included 
in the exchanged dataset as specified.
    Purpose: The output file comment field provides an ability to link 
submitted data to an inspection, inquiry, or other enforcement action, 
if deemed necessary; further, it may also link a dataset to a vehicle, 
driver, carrier, and/or ELD that may participate in voluntary future 
programs that may involve exchange of ELD data.
    Source: Enforcement personnel or driver or motor carrier.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: If provided, output file comment is entered or appended 
to the ELD dataset prior to submission of ELD data to enforcement.
    Data Range: Blank or any alphanumeric combination specified and 
provided by an authorized safety official.
    Data Length: 0-60 characters.
    Data Format: <{blank{time} , or  thru 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: [], [3BHG701015], [113G1EFW02], [7353930].

                     7.39. Shipping Document Number

    Description: Shipping document number the motor carrier uses in 
their system and dispatch documents.
    Purpose: Links ELD data to the shipping records; makes ELD dataset 
consistent with Sec.  395.8 requirements.
    Source: Motor carrier.
    Used in: ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Entered in the ELD by the authenticated driver or motor 
carrier and verified by the driver.
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: 0-40 characters.
    Data Format: <{blank{time} , or  thru 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory if a shipping number is used on motor 
carrier's system.
    Examples: [], [B 75354], [FX334411707].

                               7.40. Time

    Description: In combination with the variable ``Date'', this 
parameter stamps records with a reference in time; even though date and 
time must be captured in UTC, event records must use date and time 
converted to the time zone in effect at the driver's home terminal as 
specified in section 4.4.3 of this appendix.
    Purpose: Provides ability to record the instance of recorded events.
    Source: ELD's converted time measurement.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: UTC time must be automatically captured by ELD; time in 
effect at the

[[Page 693]]

driver's home terminal must be calculated as specified in section 4.4.3 
of this appendix.
    Data Range: Any valid date combination expressed in 
 format where ``HH'' refers to hours of the day, 
``MM'' refers to minutes, and ``SS'' refers to seconds.
    Data Length: 6 characters.
    Data Format:  where  must be between 
00 and 23,  and  must be between 00 and 59.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: {070111{time} , {001259{time} , {151522{time} , 
{230945{time} .

                     7.41. Time Zone Offset from UTC

    Description: This data element refers to the offset in time between 
UTC time and the time standard in effect at the driver's home terminal.
    Purpose: Establishes the ability to link records stamped with local 
time to a universal reference.
    Source: Calculated from measured variable <{UTC{time}  
Time and <{Time Standard in Effect at driver's home 
terminal{time}  Time; Maintained together with ``24-hour 
Period Starting Time'' parameter by the motor carrier or tracked 
automatically by ELD.
    Used in: ELD account profile; ELD event: Driver's certification of 
own records.
    Data Type: Programmed or populated on the ELD during account 
creation and maintained by the motor carrier or ELD to reflect true and 
accurate information for drivers. This parameter must adjust for 
Daylight Saving Time changes in effect at the driver's home terminal.
    Data Range: 04 to 11; omit sign.
    Data Length: 2 characters.
    Data Format:  as in 
 where ``HH'' refer to hours in difference.
    Disposition: Mandatory.
    Examples: {04{time} , {05{time} , {10{time} .

                         7.42. Trailer Number(s)

    Description: This data element refers to the identifier(s) the motor 
carrier uses for the trailers in their normal course of business.
    Purpose: Identifies the trailer(s) a driver operates while a 
driver's ELD records are recorded; makes ELD records consistent with 
Sec.  395.8 which requires the trailer number(s) to be included on the 
form.
    Source: Unique trailer identifiers a motor carrier uses in their 
normal course of business and includes on dispatch documents, or the 
license number and licensing State of each towed unit; trailer number(s) 
must be updated each time hauled trailers change.
    Data Type: Automatically captured by the ELD or populated by motor 
carrier's extended ELD system or entered by the driver; must be updated 
each time the hauled trailer(s) change.
    Data Range: Any alphanumeric combination.
    Data Length: Minimum: blank; Maximum: 32 characters (3 trailer 
numbers each maximum 10 characters long, separated by spaces).
    Data Format: Trailer numbers; separated by space in case of multiple 
trailers hauled at one time; field to be left ``blank'' for non-
combination vehicles (such as a straight truck or bobtail tractor).

<' ` <' ` as in <{blank{time}  to .

    Disposition: Mandatory when operating combination vehicles.
    Examples: {987{time} , {00987 PP2345{time} , {BX987 POP712 
10567{time} , {TX12345 LA22A21{time} .

                           7.43. Vehicle Miles

    Description: This data element refers to the distance traveled using 
the CMV in whole miles; this parameter is a placeholder for 
<{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles, which refers to the odometer 
reading and is used in recording ``engine power on'' and ``engine shut 
down'' events, and also for <{Accumulated{time}  Vehicle 
Miles, which refers to the accumulated miles in the given 
ignition power on cycle and is used in the recording of all other 
events.
    Purpose: Provides ability to track distance traveled while operating 
the CMV in each duty status. Total miles traveled within a 24-hour 
period is a required field in Sec.  395.8.
    Source: ELD measurement or sensing.
    Used in: ELD events; ELD outputs.
    Data Type: Acquired from the engine ECM or a comparable other source 
as allowed in section 4.3.1.3.
    Data Range: For <{Total{time}  Vehicle Miles, range is 
between 0 and 9,999,999; for <{Accumulated{time}  Vehicle 
Miles, range is between 0 and 9,999.
    Data Length: 1-7 characters.
    Data Format:  as in  to 
.
    Disposition: Mandatory for any event whose origin is the ELD or the 
unidentified driver profile. For events created by the driver or another 
authenticated user when vehicle miles are not available and cannot 
accurately be determined this field can be blank.
    Examples: [99], [1004566], [0], [422].

[80 FR 78385, Dec. 16, 2015, as amended at 83 FR 22879, May 17, 2018; 86 
FR 57077, Oct. 14, 2021]



PART 396_INSPECTION, REPAIR, AND MAINTENANCE--Table of Contents



Sec.
396.1 Scope.

[[Page 694]]

396.3 Inspection, repair, and maintenance.
396.5 Lubrication.
396.7 Unsafe operations forbidden.
396.9 Inspection of motor vehicles and intermodal equipment in 
          operation.
396.11 Inspection of motor vehicles in operation.
396.12 Procedures for intermodal equipment providers to accept reports 
          required by Sec.  390.42(b) of this chapter.
396.13 Driver inspection.
396.15 Driveaway-towaway operations and inspections.
396.17 Periodic inspection.
396.19 Inspector qualifications.
396.21 Periodic inspection recordkeeping requirements.
396.23 Equivalent to periodic inspection.
396.25 Qualifications of brake inspectors.

Appendix A to Part 396--Minimum Periodic Inspection Standards

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 504, 31133, 31136, 31151, 31502; sec. 32934, 
Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 830; sec. 5524, Pub. L. 114-94, 129 
Stat. 1312, 1560; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 44 FR 38526, July 2, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 396 appear at 66 FR 
49874, Oct. 1, 2001.



Sec.  396.1  Scope.

    (a) Every motor carrier, its officers, drivers, agents, 
representatives, and employees directly concerned with the inspection or 
maintenance of commercial motor vehicles must be knowledgeable of and 
comply with the rules of this part.
    (b) Every intermodal equipment provider, its officers, agents, 
representatives, and employees directly concerned with the inspection or 
maintenance of intermodal equipment interchanged or offered for 
interchange to motor carriers must be knowledgeable of and comply with 
the rules of this part.
    (c) This part does not apply to ``covered farm vehicles,'' as 
defined in 49 CFR 390.5, or to the drivers of such vehicles.
    (d) The rules in this part do not apply to ``pipeline welding 
trucks'' as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[73 FR 76823, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 78 FR 16195, Mar. 14, 2013; 
81 FR 47722, July 22, 2016]



Sec.  396.3  Inspection, repair, and maintenance.

    (a) General. Every motor carrier and intermodal equipment provider 
must systematically inspect, repair, and maintain, or cause to be 
systematically inspected, repaired, and maintained, all motor vehicles 
and intermodal equipment subject to its control.
    (1) Parts and accessories shall be in safe and proper operating 
condition at all times. These include those specified in part 393 of 
this subchapter and any additional parts and accessories which may 
affect safety of operation, including but not limited to, frame and 
frame assemblies, suspension systems, axles and attaching parts, wheels 
and rims, and steering systems.
    (2) Pushout windows, emergency doors, and emergency door marking 
lights in buses shall be inspected at least every 90 days.
    (b) Required records. Motor carriers, except for a private motor 
carrier of passengers (nonbusiness), must maintain, or cause to be 
maintained, records for each motor vehicle they control for 30 
consecutive days. Intermodal equipment providers must maintain or cause 
to be maintained, records for each unit of intermodal equipment they 
tender or intend to tender to a motor carrier. These records must 
include:
    (1) An identification of the vehicle including company number, if so 
marked, make, serial number, year, and tire size. In addition, if the 
motor vehicle is not owned by the motor carrier, the record shall 
identify the name of the person furnishing the vehicle;
    (2) A means to indicate the nature and due date of the various 
inspection and maintenance operations to be performed;
    (3) A record of inspection, repairs, and maintenance indicating 
their date and nature; and
    (4) A record of tests conducted on pushout windows, emergency doors, 
and emergency door marking lights on buses.
    (c) Record retention. The records required by this section shall be 
retained where the vehicle is either housed or maintained for a period 
of 1 year and

[[Page 695]]

for 6 months after the motor vehicle leaves the motor carrier's control.

[44 FR 38526, July 2, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 55868, Dec. 16, 1983; 53 
FR 18058, May 19, 1988; 59 FR 8753, Feb. 23, 1994; 59 FR 60324, Nov. 23, 
1994; 73 FR 75824, Dec. 17, 2008]



Sec.  396.5  Lubrication.

    Every motor carrier shall ensure that each motor vehicle subject to 
its control is--
    (a) Properly lubricated; and
    (b) Free of oil and grease leaks.



Sec.  396.7  Unsafe operations forbidden.

    (a) General. A motor vehicle shall not be operated in such a 
condition as to likely cause an accident or a breakdown of the vehicle.
    (b) Exemption. Any motor vehicle discovered to be in an unsafe 
condition while being operated on the highway may be continued in 
operation only to the nearest place where repairs can safely be 
effected. Such operation shall be conducted only if it is less hazardous 
to the public than to permit the vehicle to remain on the highway.



Sec.  396.9  Inspection of motor vehicles and intermodal equipment in operation.

    (a) Personnel authorized to perform inspections. Every special agent 
of the FMCSA (as defined in appendix B to this subchapter) is authorized 
to enter upon and perform inspections of a motor carrier's vehicles in 
operation and intermodal equipment in operation.
    (b) Prescribed inspection report. The Driver Vehicle Examination 
Report shall be used to record results of motor vehicle inspections and 
results of intermodal equipment inspections conducted by authorized 
FMCSA personnel.
    (c) Motor vehicles and intermodal equipment declared ``out-of-
service.'' (1) Authorized personnel shall declare and mark ``out-of-
service'' any motor vehicle or intermodal equipment which by reason of 
its mechanical condition or loading would likely cause an accident or a 
breakdown. An ``Out-of-Service Vehicle'' sticker shall be used to mark 
vehicles and intermodal equipment ``out-of-service.''
    (2) No motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider shall require 
or permit any person to operate nor shall any person operate any motor 
vehicle or intermodal equipment declared and marked ``out-of-service'' 
until all repairs required by the ``out-of-service notice'' have been 
satisfactorily completed. The term operate as used in this section shall 
include towing the vehicle or intermodal equipment, except that vehicles 
or intermodal equipment marked ``out-of-service'' may be towed away by 
means of a vehicle using a crane or hoist. A vehicle combination 
consisting of an emergency towing vehicle and an ``out-of-service'' 
vehicle shall not be operated unless such combination meets the 
performance requirements of this subchapter except for those conditions 
noted on the Driver Vehicle Examination Report.
    (3) No person shall remove the ``Out-of-Service Vehicle'' sticker 
from any motor vehicle or intermodal equipment prior to completion of 
all repairs required by the ``out-of-service notice.''
    (d) Motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider disposition. (1) 
The driver of any motor vehicle, including a motor vehicle transporting 
intermodal equipment, who receives an inspection report shall deliver a 
copy to both the motor carrier operating the vehicle and the intermodal 
equipment provider upon his/her arrival at the next terminal or 
facility. If the driver is not scheduled to arrive at a terminal or 
facility of the motor carrier operating the vehicle or at a facility of 
the intermodal equipment provider within 24 hours, the driver shall 
immediately mail, fax, or otherwise transmit the report to the motor 
carrier and intermodal equipment provider.
    (2) Motor carriers and intermodal equipment providers shall examine 
the report. Violations or defects noted thereon shall be corrected in 
accordance with Sec.  396.11(a)(3). Repairs of items of intermodal 
equipment placed out-of-service are also to be documented in the 
maintenance records for such equipment.
    (3) Within 15 days following the date of the inspection, the motor 
carrier or intermodal equipment provider shall--
    (i) Certify that all violations noted have been corrected by 
completing the

[[Page 696]]

``Signature of Carrier/Intermodal Equipment Provider Official, Title, 
and Date Signed'' portions of the form; and
    (ii) Return the completed roadside inspection form to the issuing 
agency at the address indicated on the form and retain a copy at the 
motor carrier's principal place of business, at the intermodal equipment 
provider's principal place of business, or where the vehicle is housed 
for 12 months from the date of the inspection.

[73 FR 76824, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 75 FR 17252, Apr. 5, 2010; 77 
FR 28451, May 14, 2012; 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 47731, July 
22, 2016]



Sec.  396.11  Driver vehicle inspection report(s).

    (a) Equipment provided by motor carrier. (1) Report required. Every 
motor carrier shall require its drivers to report, and every driver 
shall prepare a report in writing at the completion of each day's work 
on each vehicle operated, except for intermodal equipment tendered by an 
intermodal equipment provider. The report shall cover at least the 
following parts and accessories:
    (i) Service brakes including trailer brake connections;
    (ii) Parking brake;
    (iii) Steering mechanism;
    (iv) Lighting devices and reflectors;
    (v) Tires;
    (vi) Horn;
    (vii) Windshield wipers;
    (viii) Rear vision mirrors;
    (ix) Coupling devices;
    (x) Wheels and rims;
    (xi) Emergency equipment.
    (2) Report content. (i) The report must identify the vehicle and 
list any defect or deficiency discovered by or reported to the driver 
which would affect the safety of operation of the vehicle or result in 
its mechanical breakdown. If a driver operates more than one vehicle 
during the day, a report must be prepared for each vehicle operated. 
Drivers are not required to prepare a report if no defect or deficiency 
is discovered by or reported to the driver.
    (ii) The driver must sign the report. On two-driver operations, only 
one driver needs to sign the driver vehicle inspection report, provided 
both drivers agree as to the defects or deficiencies identified.
    (3) Corrective action. (i) Prior to requiring or permitting a driver 
to operate a vehicle, every motor carrier or its agent shall repair any 
defect or deficiency listed on the driver vehicle inspection report 
which would be likely to affect the safety of operation of the vehicle.
    (ii) Every motor carrier or its agent shall certify on the driver 
vehicle inspection report which lists any defect or deficiency that the 
defect or deficiency has been repaired or that repair is unnecessary 
before the vehicle is operated again.
    (4) Retention period for reports. Every motor carrier shall maintain 
the driver vehicle inspection report, the certification of repairs, and 
the certification of the driver's review for three months from the date 
the written report was prepared.
    (5) Exceptions. The rules in this section shall not apply to a 
private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness), a driveaway-towaway 
operation, or any motor carrier operating only one commercial motor 
vehicle.
    (b) Equipment provided by intermodal equipment provider. (1) Report 
required. Every intermodal equipment provider must have a process to 
receive driver reports of, and each driver or motor carrier transporting 
intermodal equipment must report to the intermodal equipment provider or 
its designated agent, any known damage, defects, or deficiencies in the 
intermodal equipment at the time the equipment is returned to the 
provider or the provider's designated agent. The report must include, at 
a minimum, the following parts and accessories:
    (i) Brakes;
    (ii) Lighting devices, lamps, markers, and conspicuity marking 
material;
    (iii) Wheels, rims, lugs, tires;
    (iv) Air line connections, hoses, and couplers;
    (v) King pin upper coupling device;
    (vi) Rails or support frames;
    (vii) Tie down bolsters;
    (viii) Locking pins, clevises, clamps, or hooks;
    (ix) Sliders or sliding frame lock.

[[Page 697]]

    (2) Report content. (i) Name of the motor carrier responsible for 
the operation of the intermodal equipment at the time the damage, 
defects, or deficiencies were discovered by, or reported to, the driver.
    (ii) Motor carrier's USDOT number; intermodal equipment provider's 
USDOT number, and a unique identifying number for the item of intermodal 
equipment.
    (iii) Date and time the report was submitted.
    (iv) All damage, defects, or deficiencies of the intermodal 
equipment reported to the equipment provider and discovered by, or 
reported to, the motor carrier or its driver which would
    (A) Affect the safety of operation of the intermodal equipment, or
    (B) Result in its mechanical breakdown while transported on public 
roads.
    (v) The signature of the driver who prepared the report.
    (3) Corrective action. (i) Prior to allowing or permitting a motor 
carrier to transport a piece of intermodal equipment for which a motor 
carrier or driver has submitted a report about damage, defects or 
deficiencies, each intermodal equipment provider or its agent must 
repair the reported damage, defects, or deficiencies that are likely to 
affect the safety of operation of the vehicle.
    (ii) Each intermodal equipment provider or its agent must certify on 
the original driver's report which lists any damage, defects, or 
deficiencies of the intermodal equipment that the reported damage, 
defects, or deficiencies have been repaired, or that repair is 
unnecessary, before the vehicle is operated again.
    (4) Retention period for reports. Each intermodal equipment provider 
must maintain all documentation required by this section, including the 
driver report and the certification of repairs on all intermodal 
equipment, for a period of three months from the date that a motor 
carrier or its driver submits the report to the intermodal equipment 
provider or its agent.

[44 FR 38526, July 2, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 46425, July 10, 1980; 53 
FR 18058, May 19, 1988; 59 FR 8753, Feb. 23, 1994; 63 FR 33279, June 18, 
1998; 73 FR 76824, Dec. 17, 2008; 74 FR 68709, Dec. 29, 2009; 77 FR 
34852, June 12, 2012; 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 
2013; 79 FR 75449, Dec. 18, 2014; 83 FR 16227, Apr. 16, 2018; 85 FR 
50793, Aug. 18, 2020]



Sec.  396.12  Procedures for intermodal equipment providers to accept 
reports required by Sec.  390.42(b) of this chapter.

    (a) System for reports. Each intermodal equipment provider must 
establish a system for motor carriers and drivers to report to it any 
damage, defects, or deficiencies of intermodal equipment discovered by, 
or reported to, the motor carrier or driver which would--
    (1) Affect the safety of operation of the intermodal equipment, or
    (2) Result in its mechanical breakdown while transported on public 
roads.
    (b) Report content. The system required by paragraph (a) of this 
section must include documentation of all of the following:
    (1) Name of the motor carrier responsible for the operation of the 
intermodal equipment at the time the damage, defects, or deficiencies 
were discovered by, or reported to, the driver.
    (2) Motor carrier's USDOT number; intermodal equipment provider's 
USDOT number, and a unique identifying number for the item of intermodal 
equipment.
    (3) Date and time the report was submitted.
    (4) All damage, defects, or deficiencies of the intermodal equipment 
must be reported to the equipment provider by the motor carrier or its 
driver. If no defect or deficiency in the intermodal equipment is 
discovered by or reported to the driver, no written report is required.
    (5) The signature of the driver who prepared the report.
    (c) Corrective action. (1) Prior to allowing or permitting a motor 
carrier to

[[Page 698]]

transport a piece of intermodal equipment for which a motor carrier or 
driver has submitted a report about damage, defects or deficiencies, 
each intermodal equipment provider or its agent must repair the reported 
damage, defects, or deficiencies that are likely to affect the safety of 
operation of the vehicle.
    (2) Each intermodal equipment provider or its agent must certify on 
the original driver's report which lists any damage, defects, or 
deficiencies of the intermodal equipment that the reported damage, 
defects, or deficiencies have been repaired, or that repair is 
unnecessary, before the vehicle is operated again.
    (d) Retention period for reports. Each intermodal equipment provider 
must maintain all documentation required by this section, including the 
driver report and the certification of repairs on all intermodal 
equipment, for a period of three months from the date that a motor 
carrier or its driver submits the report to the intermodal equipment 
provider or its agent.

[73 FR 76824, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 74 FR 68709, Dec. 29, 2009; 
77 FR 34852, June 12, 2012; 83 FR 16227, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  396.13  Driver inspection.

    Before driving a motor vehicle, the driver shall:
    (a) Be satisfied that the motor vehicle is in safe operating 
condition;
    (b) Review the last driver vehicle inspection report if required by 
Sec.  396.11(a)(2)(i); and
    (c) Sign the report to acknowledge that the driver has reviewed it 
and that there is a certification that the required repairs have been 
performed. The signature requirement does not apply to listed defects on 
a towed unit which is no longer part of the vehicle combination.

[44 FR 76526, Dec. 27, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 55868, Dec. 16, 1983; 
63 FR 33280, June 18, 1998; 85 FR 50793, Aug. 18, 2020]



Sec.  396.15  Driveaway-towaway operations and inspections.

    (a) General. Every motor carrier, with respect to motor vehicles 
engaged in driveaway-towaway operations, shall comply with the 
requirements of this part. Exception: Maintenance records required by 
Sec.  396.3, the vehicle inspection report required by Sec.  396.11, and 
the periodic inspection required by Sec.  396.17 of this part shall not 
be required for any vehicle which is part of the shipment being 
delivered.
    (b) Pre-trip inspection. Before the beginning of any driveaway-
towaway operation of motor vehicles in combination, the motor carrier 
shall make a careful inspection and test to ascertain that:
    (1) The tow-bar or saddle-mount connections are properly secured to 
the towed and towing vehicle;
    (2) They function adequately without cramping or binding of any of 
the parts; and
    (3) The towed motor vehicle follows substantially in the path of the 
towing vehicle without whipping or swerving.
    (c) Post-trip inspection. Motor carriers shall maintain practices to 
ensure that following completion of any trip in driveaway-towaway 
operation of motor vehicles in combination, and before they are used 
again, the tow-bars and saddle-mounts are disassembled and inspected for 
worn, bent, cracked, broken, or missing parts. Before reuse, suitable 
repair or replacement shall be made of any defective parts and the 
devices shall be properly reassembled.

[44 FR 38526, July 2, 1979, as amended at 53 FR 49410, Dec. 7, 1988; 53 
FR 49968, Dec. 12, 1988; 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013; 84 FR 51435, Sept. 
30, 2019]



Sec.  396.17  Periodic inspection.

    (a) Every commercial motor vehicle must be inspected as required by 
this section. The inspection must include, at a minimum, the parts and 
accessories set forth in appendix A to this part. The term commercial 
motor vehicle includes each vehicle in a combination vehicle. For 
example, for a tractor semitrailer, full trailer combination, the 
tractor, semitrailer, and the full trailer (including the converter 
dolly if so equipped) must each be inspected.
    (b) Except as provided in Sec.  396.23 and this paragraph, motor 
carriers must inspect or cause to be inspected all motor vehicles 
subject to their control. Intermodal equipment providers must inspect or 
cause to be inspected intermodal equipment that is interchanged

[[Page 699]]

or intended for interchange to motor carriers in intermodal 
transportation.
    (c) A motor carrier must not use a commercial motor vehicle, and an 
intermodal equipment provider must not tender equipment to a motor 
carrier for interchange, unless each component identified in appendix A 
to this part has passed an inspection in accordance with the terms of 
this section at least once during the preceding 12 months and 
documentation of such inspection is on the vehicle. The documentation 
may be:
    (1) The inspection report prepared in accordance with Sec.  
396.21(a), or
    (2) Other forms of documentation, based on the inspection report 
(e.g., sticker or decal), which contains the following information:
    (i) The date of inspection;
    (ii) Name and address of the motor carrier, intermodal equipment 
provider, or other entity where the inspection report is maintained;
    (iii) Information uniquely identifying the vehicle inspected if not 
clearly marked on the motor vehicle; and
    (iv) A certification that the vehicle has passed an inspection in 
accordance with Sec.  396.17.
    (d) A motor carrier may perform the required annual inspection for 
vehicles under the carrier's control which are not subject to an 
inspection under Sec.  396.23(a)(1). An intermodal equipment provider 
may perform the required annual inspection for intermodal equipment 
interchanged or intended for interchange to motor carriers that are not 
subject to an inspection under Sec.  396.23(a)(1).
    (e) In lieu of the self-inspection provided for in paragraph (d) of 
this section, a motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider 
responsible for the inspection may choose to have a commercial garage, 
fleet leasing company, truck stop, or other similar commercial business 
perform the inspection as its agent, provided that business operates and 
maintains facilities appropriate for commercial vehicle inspections and 
it employs qualified inspectors, as required by Sec.  396.19.
    (f) Vehicles passing periodic inspections performed under the 
auspices of any State government or equivalent jurisdiction in the 
Canadian Provinces, the Yukon Territory, and Mexico, meeting the minimum 
standards contained in appendix A to this part, will be considered to 
have met the requirements of an annual inspection for a period of 12 
months commencing from the last day of the month in which the inspection 
was performed.
    (g) It is the responsibility of the motor carrier or intermodal 
equipment provider to ensure that all parts and accessories on 
commercial motor vehicles intended for use in interstate commerce for 
which they are responsible are maintained at, or promptly repaired to, 
the minimum standards set forth in appendix A to this part.
    (h) Failure to perform properly the annual inspection required by 
this section shall cause the motor carrier or intermodal equipment 
provider to be subject to the penalty provisions of 49 U.S.C. 521(b).

[73 FR 76825, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 81 FR 47732, July 22, 2016; 
83 FR 22881, May 17, 2018; 86 FR 57077, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  396.19  Inspector qualifications.

    (a) Motor carriers and intermodal equipment providers must ensure 
that individuals performing annual inspections under Sec.  396.17(d) or 
(e) are qualified as follows:
    (1) Understand the inspection criteria set forth in part 393 and 
appendix A to this part and can identify defective components;
    (2) Are knowledgeable of and have mastered the methods, procedures, 
tools and equipment used when performing an inspection; and
    (3) Are capable of performing an inspection by reason of experience, 
training, or both as follows:
    (i) Successfully completed a Federal-or State-sponsored training 
program or have a certificate from a State or Canadian Province that 
qualifies the individuals to perform commercial motor vehicle safety 
inspections, or
    (ii) Have a combination of training or experience totaling at least 
1 year. Such training or experience may consist of:
    (A) Participation in a commercial motor vehicle manufacturer-
sponsored training program or similar commercial training program 
designed to train

[[Page 700]]

students in commercial motor vehicle operation and maintenance;
    (B) Experience as a mechanic or inspector in a motor carrier or 
intermodal equipment maintenance program;
    (C) Experience as a mechanic or inspector in commercial motor 
vehicle maintenance at a commercial garage, fleet leasing company, or 
similar facility; or
    (D) Experience as a commercial motor vehicle inspector for a State, 
Provincial or Federal government.
    (b) Motor carriers and intermodal equipment providers must retain 
evidence of that individual's qualifications under this section. They 
must retain this evidence for the period during which that individual is 
performing annual motor vehicle inspections for the motor carrier or 
intermodal equipment provider, and for one year thereafter. However, 
motor carriers and intermodal equipment providers do not have to 
maintain documentation of inspector qualifications for those inspections 
performed as part of a State periodic inspection program.

[73 FR 76825, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 81 FR 47732, July 22, 2016; 
86 FR 57077, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  396.21  Periodic inspection recordkeeping requirements.

    (a) The qualified inspector performing the inspection shall prepare 
a report that:
    (1) Identifies the individual performing the inspection;
    (2) Identifies the motor carrier operating the vehicle or intermodal 
equipment provider intending to interchange the vehicle to a motor 
carrier;
    (3) Identifies the date of the inspection;
    (4) Identifies the vehicle inspected;
    (5) Identifies the vehicle components inspected and describes the 
results of the inspection, including the identification of those 
components not meeting the minimum standards set forth in appendix A to 
this part; and
    (6) Certifies the accuracy and completeness of the inspection as 
complying with all the requirements of this section.
    (b)(1) The original or a copy of the inspection report shall be 
retained by the motor carrier, intermodal equipment provider, or other 
entity that is responsible for the inspection for a period of fourteen 
months from the date of the inspection report. The original or a copy of 
the inspection report must be retained where the vehicle is either 
housed or maintained.
    (2) The original or a copy of the inspection report must be 
available for inspection upon demand of an authorized Federal, State or 
local official.
    (3) Exception. If the motor carrier operating the commercial motor 
vehicles did not perform the commercial motor vehicle's last annual 
inspection, or if an intermodal equipment provider did not itself 
perform the annual inspection on equipment intended for interchange to a 
motor carrier, the motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider is 
responsible for obtaining the original or a copy of the last annual 
inspection report upon demand of an authorized Federal, State, or local 
official.

[73 FR 76825, Dec. 17, 2008, as amended at 86 FR 57077, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  396.23  Equivalent to periodic inspection.

    (a)(1) If a commercial motor vehicle is subject to a mandatory 
inspection program that is determined by the Administrator to be as 
effective as Sec.  396.17, the motor carrier or intermodal equipment 
provider must meet the requirement of Sec.  396.17 through that 
inspection program. Commercial motor vehicle inspections may be 
conducted by government personnel, at commercial facilities authorized 
by a State government or equivalent jurisdiction in the Canadian 
Provinces, the Yukon Territory, or Mexico, or by the motor carrier or 
intermodal equipment provider itself under the auspices of a self-
inspection program authorized by a State government or equivalent 
jurisdiction in the Canadian Provinces, the Yukon Territory, or Mexico.
    (2) Should FMCSA determine that an inspection program, in whole or 
in part, is not as effective as Sec.  396.17, the motor carrier or 
intermodal equipment provider must ensure that the periodic

[[Page 701]]

inspection required by Sec.  396.17 is performed on all commercial motor 
vehicles under its control in a manner specified in Sec.  396.17.
    (b) [Reserved]

[83 FR 22881, May 17, 2018]



Sec.  396.25  Qualifications of brake inspectors.

    (a) Motor carriers and intermodal equipment providers must ensure 
that all inspections, maintenance, repairs or service to the brakes of 
its commercial motor vehicles, are performed in compliance with the 
requirements of this section.
    (b) For purposes of this section, brake inspector means any employee 
of a motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider who is responsible 
for ensuring that all brake inspections, maintenance, service, or 
repairs to any commercial motor vehicle, subject to the motor carrier's 
or intermodal equipment provider's control, meet the applicable Federal 
standards.
    (c) No motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider may require or 
permit any employee who does not meet the minimum brake inspector 
qualifications of paragraph (d) of this section to be responsible for 
the inspection, maintenance, service or repairs of any brakes on its 
commercial motor vehicles.
    (d) The motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider must ensure 
that each brake inspector is qualified as follows:
    (1) Understands the brake service or inspection task to be 
accomplished and can perform that task; and
    (2) Is knowledgeable of and has mastered the methods, procedures, 
tools and equipment used when performing an assigned brake service or 
inspection task; and
    (3) Is capable of performing the assigned brake service or 
inspection by reason of experience, training, or both as follows:
    (i) Has successfully completed an apprenticeship program sponsored 
by a State, a Canadian Province, a Federal agency or a labor union, or a 
training program approved by a State, Provincial or Federal agency, or 
has a certificate from a State or Canadian Province that qualifies the 
person to perform the assigned brake service or inspection task 
(including passage of Commercial Driver's License air brake tests in the 
case of a brake inspection); or
    (ii) Has brake-related training or experience or a combination 
thereof totaling at least one year. Such training or experience may 
consist of:
    (A) Participation in a training program sponsored by a brake or 
vehicle manufacturer or similar commercial training program designed to 
train students in brake maintenance or inspection similar to the 
assigned brake service or inspection tasks; or
    (B) Experience performing brake maintenance or inspection similar to 
the assigned brake service or inspection task in a motor carrier or 
intermodal equipment provider maintenance program; or
    (C) Experience performing brake maintenance or inspection similar to 
the assigned brake service or inspection task at a commercial garage, 
fleet leasing company, or similar facility.
    (e) No motor carrier or intermodal equipment provider may employ any 
person as a brake inspector unless the evidence of the inspector's 
qualifications, required under this section, is maintained by the motor 
carrier or intermodal equipment provider at its principal place of 
business, or at the location at which the brake inspector is employed. 
The evidence must be maintained for the period during which the brake 
inspector is employed in that capacity and for one year thereafter. 
However, motor carriers and intermodal equipment providers do not have 
to maintain evidence of qualifications to inspect air brake systems for 
such inspections performed by persons who have passed the air brake 
knowledge and skills test for a Commercial Driver's License.

[73 FR 76825, Dec. 17, 2008]



   Sec. Appendix A to Part 396--Minimum Periodic Inspection Standards

    A vehicle does not pass an inspection if it has one of the following 
defects or deficiencies:
    1. Brake System.
    a. Service brakes. (1) Absence of braking action on any axle 
required to have brakes upon application of the service brakes (such

[[Page 702]]

as missing brakes or brake shoe(s) failing to move upon application of a 
wedge, S-cam, cam, or disc brake).
    (2) Missing or broken mechanical components including: shoes, 
lining, pads, springs, anchor pins, spiders, cam rollers, push-rods, and 
air chamber mounting bolts.
    (3) Loose brake components including air chambers, spiders, and cam 
shaft support brackets.
    (4) Audible air leak at brake chamber (Example-ruptured diaphragm, 
loose chamber clamp, etc.).
    (5) Readjustment limits. (a) The maximum pushrod stroke must not be 
greater than the values given in the tables below and at Sec.  
393.47(e). Any brake stroke exceeding the readjustment limit will be 
rejected. Stroke must be measured with engine off and reservoir pressure 
of 80 to 90 psi with brakes fully applied.

                        Clamp-Type Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  Brake readjustment  Brake readjustment
   Type       Outside diameter     limit: standard    limit: long stroke
                                    stroke chamber          chamber
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.........  4 \1/2\ in. (114     1 \1/4\ in. (31.8
             mm).                 mm).
9.........  5 \1/4\ in. (133     1 \3/8\ in. (34.9
             mm).                 mm).
12........  5 \11/16\ in. (145   1 \3/8\ in. (34.9    1 \3/4\ in. (44.5
             mm).                 mm).                 mm).
16........  6 \3/8\ in. (162     1 \3/4\ in. (44.5    2 in. (50.8 mm).
             mm).                 mm).
20........  6 \25/32\ in. (172   1 \3/4\ in. (44.5    2 in. (50.8 mm).
             mm).                 mm).                2 \1/2\ in. (63.5
                                                       mm).\1\
24........  7 \7/32\ in. (184    1 \3/4\ in. (44.5    2 in. (50.8 mm).
             mm).                 mm).                2 \1/2\ in. (63.5
                                                       mm).\2\
30........  8 \3/32\ in. (206    2 in. (50.8 mm)....  2 \1/2\ in. (63.5
             mm).                                      mm).
36........  9 in. (229 mm).....  2 \1/2\ in. (63.5
                                  mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ For type 20 chambers with a 3-inch (76 mm) rated stroke.
\2\ For type 24 chambers with a 3-inch (76 mm) rated stroke.


                       Bendix DD-3 Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Type             Outside diameter        Brake readjustment limit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30...............  8 \1/8\ in. (206 mm)......  2 \1/4\ in. (57.2 mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                        Bolt-Type Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Type             Outside diameter        Brake readjustment limit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A................  6 \15/16\ in. (176 mm)....  1 \3/8\ in. (34.9 mm).
B................  9 \3/16\ in. (234 mm).....  1 \3/4\ in. (44.5mm).
C................  8 \1/16\ in. (205 mm).....  1 \3/4\ in. (44.5 mm).
D................  5 \1/4\ in. (133 mm)......  1 \1/4\ in. (31.8 mm).
E................  6 \3/16\ in. (157 mm).....  1 \3/8\ in. (34.9 mm).
F................  11 in. (279 mm)...........  2 \1/4\ in. (57.2 mm).
G................  9 \7/8\ in. (251 mm)......  2 in. (50.8 mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                     Rotochamber-Type Brake Chambers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Type             Outside diameter        Brake readjustment limit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9................  4 \9/32\ in. (109 mm).....  1 \1/2\ in. (38.1 mm).
12...............  4 \13/16\ in. (122 mm)....  1 \1/2\ in. (38.1 mm).
16...............  5 \13/32\ in. (138 mm)....  2 in. (50.8 mm).
20...............  5 \15/16\ in. (151 mm)....  2 in. (50.8 mm).
24...............  6 \13/32\ in. (163 mm)....  2 in. (50.8 mm).
30...............  7 \1/16\ in. (180 mm).....  2\1/4\ in. (57.2 mm).
36...............  7 \5/8\ in. (194 mm)......  2 \3/4\ in. (69.9 mm).
50...............  8 \7/8\ in. (226 mm)......  3 in. (76.2 mm).
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) For actuator types not listed in these tables, the pushrod 
stroke must not be greater than 80 percent of the rated stroke marked on 
the actuator by the actuator manufacturer, or greater than the 
readjustment limit marked on the actuator by the actuator manufacturer.
    (6) Brake linings or pads.
    (a) Lining or pad is not firmly attached to the shoe;
    (b) Saturated with oil, grease, or brake fluid; or
    (c) Non-steering axles: Lining with a thickness less than \1/4\ inch 
at the shoe center for air drum brakes, \1/16\ inch or less at the shoe 
center for hydraulic and electric drum

[[Page 703]]

brakes, and less than \1/8\ inch for air disc brakes.
    (d) Steering axles: Lining with a thickness less than \1/4\ inch at 
the shoe center for drum brakes, less than \1/8\ inch for air disc 
brakes and \1/16\ inch or less for hydraulic disc and electric brakes.
    (7) Missing brake on any axle required to have brakes.
    (8) Mismatch across any power unit steering axle of:
    (a) Air chamber sizes.
    (b) Slack adjuster length.
    Wedge Brake Data--Movement of the scribe mark on the lining shall 
not exceed 1/16 inch.
    b. Parking Brake System. No brakes on the vehicle or combination are 
applied upon actuation of the parking brake control, including driveline 
hand controlled parking brakes.
    c. Brake Drums or Rotors.
    (1) With any external crack or cracks that open upon brake 
application (do not confuse short hairline heat check cracks with 
flexural cracks).
    (2) Any portion of the drum or rotor missing or in danger of falling 
away.
    d. Brake Hose.
    (1) Hose with any damage extending through the outer reinforcement 
ply. (Rubber impregnated fabric cover is not a reinforcement ply). 
(Thermoplastic nylon may have braid reinforcement or color difference 
between cover and inner tube. Exposure of second color is cause for 
rejection.
    (2) Bulge or swelling when air pressure is applied.
    (3) Any audible leaks.
    (4) Two hoses improperly joined (such as a splice made by sliding 
the hose ends over a piece of tubing and clamping the hose to the tube).
    (5) Air hose cracked, broken or crimped.
    e. Brake Tubing.
    (1) Any audible leak.
    (2) Tubing cracked, damaged by heat, broken or crimped.
    f. Low Pressure Warning Device missing, inoperative, or does not 
operate at 55 psi and below, or \1/2\ the governor cut-out pressure, 
whichever is less.
    g. Tractor Protection Valve. Inoperable or missing tractor 
protection valve(s) on power unit.
    h. Air Compressor.
    (1) Compressor drive belts in condition of impending or probable 
failure.
    (2) Loose compressor mounting bolts.
    (3) Cracked, broken or loose pulley.
    (4) Cracked or broken mounting brackets, braces or adapters.
    i. Electric Brakes.
    (1) Absence of braking action on any wheel required to have brakes.
    (2) Missing or inoperable breakaway braking device.
    j. Hydraulic Brakes. (Including Power Assist Over Hydraulic and 
Engine Drive Hydraulic Booster).
    (1) Master cylinder less than \1/4\ full.
    (2) No pedal reserve with engine running except by pumping pedal.
    (3) Power assist unit fails to operate.
    (4) Seeping or swelling brake hose(s) under application of pressure.
    (5) Missing or inoperative check valve.
    (6) Has any visually observed leaking hydraulic fluid in the brake 
system.
    (7) Has hydraulic hose(s) abraded (chafed) through outer cover-to-
fabric layer.
    (8) Fluid lines or connections leaking, restricted, crimped, cracked 
or broken.
    (9) Brake failure or low fluid warning light on and/or inoperative.
    k. Vacuum Systems. Any vacuum system which:
    (1) Has insufficient vacuum reserve to permit one full brake 
application after engine is shut off.
    (2) Has vacuum hose(s) or line(s) restricted, abraded (chafed) 
through outer cover to cord ply, crimped, cracked, broken or has 
collapse of vacuum hose(s) when vacuum is applied.
    (3) Lacks an operative low-vacuum warning device as required.
    l. Antilock Brake System \1 2 3\
    (1) Missing ABS malfunction indicator components (i.e., bulb, 
wiring, etc.).
    (2) ABS malfunction indicator that does not illuminate when power is 
first applied to the ABS controller (ECU) during initial power up.
    (3) ABS malfunction indicator that stays illuminated while power is 
continuously applied to the ABS controller (ECU).
    (4) ABS malfunction indicator lamp on a trailer or dolly does not 
cycle when electrical power is applied (a) only to the vehicle's 
constant ABS power circuit, or (b) only to the vehicle's stop lamp 
circuit.
    (5) With its brakes released and its ignition switch in the normal 
run position, power unit does not provide continuous electrical power to 
the ABS on any air-braked vehicle it is equipped to tow.
    (6) Other missing or inoperative ABS components.
    \1\ Power units manufactured after March 1, 2001, have two ABS 
malfunction indicators, one for the power unit and one for the units 
that they tow. Both malfunction indicators are required to be fully 
functional.
    \2\ Air-braked vehicles: Subsections (1)-(6) of this section are 
applicable to tractors with air brakes built on or after March 1, 1997, 
and all other vehicles with air brakes built on or after March 1, 1998.
    \3\ Hydraulic-braked vehicles: Subsections (1)-(3) of this section 
are applicable to vehicles over 10,000 lbs. GVWR with hydraulic brakes 
built on or after September 1, 1999. Subsection (6) of this section is 
applicable to

[[Page 704]]

vehicles over 10,000 lbs. with hydraulic brakes built on or after March 
1, 1999.
    m. Automatic Brake Adjusters
    (1) Failure to maintain a brake within the brake stroke limit 
specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
    (2) Any automatic brake adjuster that has been replaced with a 
manual adjuster.
    (3) Damaged, loose, or missing components.
    (4) Any brake that is found to be out of adjustment on initial 
inspection must be evaluated to determine why the automatic brake 
adjuster is not functioning properly and the problem must be corrected 
in order for the vehicle to pass the inspection. It is not acceptable to 
manually adjust automatic brake adjusters without first correcting the 
underlying problem. For example, there may be other components within 
the braking system that are distressed or out of specification (i.e., 
broken welds, loose mounting hardware, cracked brake drums, worn 
bushings, etc.) that would require immediate attention.
    2. Coupling devices.
    a. Fifth Wheels.
    (1) Mounting to frame.
    (a) Any fasteners missing or ineffective.
    (b) Any movement between mounting components.
    (c) Any mounting angle iron cracked or broken.
    (2) Mounting plates and pivot brackets.
    (a) Any fasteners missing or ineffective.
    (b) Any welds or parent metal cracked.
    (c) More than \3/8\ inch horizontal movement between pivot bracket 
pin and bracket.
    (d) Pivot bracket pin missing or not secured.
    (3) Sliders.
    (a) Any latching fasteners missing or ineffective.
    (b) Any fore or aft stop missing or not securely attached.
    (c) Movement more than \3/8\ inch between slider bracket and slider 
base.
    (d) Any slider component cracked in parent metal or weld.
    (4) Lower coupler.
    (a) Horizontal movement between the upper and lower fifth wheel 
halves exceeds \1/2\ inch.
    (b) Operating handle not in closed or locked position.
    (c) Kingpin not properly engaged.
    (d) Separation between upper and lower coupler allowing light to 
show through from side to side.
    (e) Cracks in the fifth wheel plate.
    Exceptions: Cracks in fifth wheel approach ramps and casting 
shrinkage cracks in the ribs of the body of a cast fifth wheel.
    (f) Locking mechanism parts missing, broken, or deformed to the 
extent the kingpin is not securely held.
    b. Pintle Hooks.
    (1) Mounting to frame.
    (a) Any missing or ineffective fasteners (a fastener is not 
considered missing if there is an empty hole in the device but no 
corresponding hole in the frame or vice versa).
    (b) Mounting surface cracks extending from point of attachment 
(e.g., cracks in the frame at mounting bolt holes).
    (c) Loose mounting.
    (d) Frame cross member providing pintle hook attachment cracked.
    (2) Integrity.
    (a) Cracks anywhere in pintle hook assembly.
    (b) Any welded repairs to the pintle hook.
    (c) Any part of the horn section reduced by more than 20%.
    (d) Latch insecure.
    c. Drawbar/Towbar Eye.
    (1) Mounting.
    (a) Any cracks in attachment welds.
    (b) Any missing or ineffective fasteners.
    (2) Integrity.
    (a) Any cracks.
    (b) Any part of the eye reduced by more than 20%.
    d. Drawbar/Towbar Tongue.
    (1) Slider (power or manual).
    (a) Ineffective latching mechanism
    (b) Missing or ineffective stop.
    (c) Movement of more than \1/4\ inch between slider and housing.
    (d) Any leaking, air or hydraulic cylinders, hoses, or chambers 
(other than slight oil weeping normal with hydraulic seals).
    (2) Integrity.
    (a) Any cracks.
    (b) Movement of \1/4\ inch between subframe and drawbar at point of 
attachment.
    e. Safety Devices.
    (1) Safety devices missing.
    (2) Unattached or incapable of secure attachment.
    (3) Chains and hooks.
    (a) Worn to the extent of a measurable reduction in link cross 
section.
    (b) Improper repairs including welding, wire, small bolts, rope and 
tape.
    (4) Cable.
    (a) Kinked or broken cable strands.
    (b) Improper clamps or clamping.
    f. Saddle-Mounts.
    (1) Method of attachment.
    (a) Any missing or ineffective fasteners.
    (b) Loose mountings.
    (c) Any cracks or breaks in a stress or load bearing member.
    (d) Horizontal movement between upper and lower saddle-mount halves 
exceeds \1/4\ inch.
    3. Exhaust System.
    a. Any exhaust system determined to be leaking at a point forward of 
or directly below the driver/sleeper compartment.
    b. A bus exhaust system leaking or discharging to the atmosphere:
    (1) Gasoline powered--excess of 6 inches forward of the rearmost 
part of the bus.

[[Page 705]]

    (2) Other than gasoline powered--in excess of 15 inches forward of 
the rearmost part of the bus.
    (3) Other than gasoline powered--forward of a door or window 
designed to be opened. (exception: Emergency exits).
    c. No part of the exhaust system of any motor vehicle shall be so 
located as would be likely to result in burning, charring, or damaging 
the electrical wiring, the fuel supply, or any combustible part of the 
motor vehicle.
    4. Fuel System.
    a. A fuel system with a visable leak at any point.
    b. A fuel tank filler cap missing.
    c. A fuel tank not securely attached to the motor vehicle by reason 
of loose, broken or missing mounting bolts or brackets (some fuel tanks 
use springs or rubber bushings to permit movement).
    5. Lighting Devices. All lighting devices and reflectors required by 
part 393 shall be operable.
    6. Safe Loading.
    a. Part(s) of vehicle or condition of loading such that the spare 
tire or any part of the load or dunnage can fall onto the roadway.
    b. Protection Against Shifting Cargo--Any vehicle without a front-
end structure or equivalent device as required.
    c. Container securement devices on intermodal equipment--All devices 
used to secure an intermodal container to a chassis, including rails or 
support frames, tiedown bolsters, locking pins, clevises, clamps, and 
hooks that are cracked, broken, loose, or missing.
    7. Steering Mechanism.
    a. Steering Wheel Free Play (on vehicles equipped with power 
steering the engine must be running).

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   Manual       Power
            Steering wheel diameter               steering     steering
                                                   system       system
------------------------------------------------------------------------
16.................................  2      thn-eq>
18.................................   2\1/4\      thn-eq>
20.................................   2\1/2\      thn-eq>
22.................................   2\3/4\      thn-eq>
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    b. Steering Column.
    (1) Any absence or looseness of U-bolt(s) or positioning part(s).
    (2) Worn, faulty or obviously repair welded universal joint(s).
    (3) Steering wheel not properly secured.
    c. Front Axle Beam and All Steering Components Other Than Steering 
Column.
    (1) Any crack(s).
    (2) Any obvious welded repair(s).
    d. Steering Gear Box.
    (1) Any mounting bolt(s) loose or missing.
    (2) Any crack(s) in gear box or mounting brackets.
    e. Pitman Arm. Any looseness of the pitman arm on the steering gear 
output shaft.
    f. Power Steering. Auxiliary power assist cylinder loose.
    g. Ball and Socket Joints.
    (1) Any movement under steering load of a stud nut.
    (2) Any motion, other than rotational, between any linkage member 
and its attachment point of more than \1/4\ inch.
    h. Tie Rods and Drag Links.
    (1) Loose clamp(s) or clamp bolt(s) on tie rods or drag links.
    (2) Any looseness in any threaded joint.
    i. Nuts. Nut(s) loose or missing on tie rods, pitman arm, drag link, 
steering arm or tie rod arm.
    j. Steering System. Any modification or other condition that 
interferes with free movement of any steering component.
    8. Suspension.
    a. Any U-bolt(s), spring hanger(s), or other axle positioning 
part(s) cracked, broken, loose or missing resulting in shifting of an 
axle from its normal position. (After a turn, lateral axle displacement 
is normal with some suspensions. Forward or rearward operation in a 
straight line will cause the axle to return to alignment).
    b. Spring Assembly.
    (1) Any leaves in a leaf spring assembly broken or missing.
    (2) Any broken main leaf in a leaf spring assembly. (Includes 
assembly with more than one main spring).
    (3) Coil spring broken.
    (4) Rubber spring missing.
    (5) One or more leaves displaced in a manner that could result in 
contact with a tire, rim, brake drum or frame.
    (6) Broken torsion bar spring in a torsion bar suspension.
    (7) Deflated air suspension, i.e., system failure, leak, etc.
    c. Torque, Radius or Tracking Components. Any part of a torque, 
radius or tracking component assembly or any part used for attaching the 
same to the vehicle frame or axle that is cracked, loose, broken or 
missing. (Does not apply to loose bushings in torque or track rods.)
    9. Frame.
    a. Frame Members.
    (1) Any cracked, broken, loose, or sagging frame member.
    (2) Any loose or missing fasteners including fasteners attaching 
functional component such as engine, transmission, steering gear, 
suspension, body parts, and fifth wheel.
    b. Tire and Wheel Clearance. Any condition, including loading, that 
causes the body or frame to be in contact with a tire or any part of the 
wheel assemblies.
    c. (1) Adjustable Axle Assemblies (Sliding Subframes). Adjustable 
axle assembly with locking pins missing or not engaged.
    10. Tires.
    a. Any tire on any steering axle of a power unit.

[[Page 706]]

    (1) With less than \4/32\ inch tread when measured at any point on a 
major tread groove.
    (2) Has body ply or belt material exposed through the tread or 
sidewall.
    (3) Has any tread or sidewall separation.
    (4) Has a cut where the ply or belt material is exposed.
    (5) Labeled ``Not for Highway Use'' or displaying other marking 
which would exclude use on steering axle.
    (6) A tube-type radial tire without radial tube stem markings. These 
markings include a red band around the tube stem, the word ``radial'' 
embossed in metal stems, or the word ``radial'' molded in rubber stems.
    (7) Mixing bias and radial tires on the same axle.
    (8) Tire flap protrudes through valve slot in rim and touches stem.
    (9) Regrooved tire except motor vehicles used solely in urban or 
suburban service (see exception in Sec.  393.75(e).
    (10) Boot, blowout patch or other ply repair.
    (11) Weight carried exceeds tire load limit. This includes 
overloaded tire resulting from low air pressure.
    (12) Tire is flat or has noticeable (e.g., can be heard or felt) 
leak.
    (13) Any bus equipped with recapped or retreaded tire(s).
    (14) So mounted or inflated that it comes in contact with any part 
of the vehicle.
    b. All tires other than those found on the steering axle of a power 
unit:
    (1) Weight carried exceeds tire load limit. This includes overloaded 
tire resulting from low air pressure.
    (2) Tire is flat or has noticeable (e.g., can be heard or felt) 
leak.
    (3) Has body ply or belt material exposed through the tread or 
sidewall.
    (4) Has any tread or sidewall separation.
    (5) Has a cut where ply or belt material is exposed.
    (6) So mounted or inflated that it comes in contact with any part of 
the vehicle. (This includes a tire that contacts its mate.)
    (7) Is marked ``Not for highway use'' or otherwise marked and having 
like meaning.
    (8) With less than \2/32\ inch tread when measured at any point on a 
major tread groove.
    c. Installation of speed-restricted tires unless specifically 
designated by motor carrier.
    11. Wheels and Rims.
    a. Lock or Side Ring. Bent, broken, cracked, improperly seated, 
sprung or mismatched ring(s).
    b. Wheels and rims. Cracked or broken or has elongated bolt holes.
    c. Fasteners (both spoke and disc wheels). Any loose, missing, 
broken, cracked, stripped or otherwise ineffective fasteners.
    d. Welds.
    (1) Any cracks in welds attaching disc wheel disc to rim.
    (2) Any crack in welds attaching tubeless demountable rim to 
adapter.
    (3) Any welded repair on aluminum wheel(s) on a steering axle.
    (4) Any welded repair other than disc to rim attachment on steel 
disc wheel(s) mounted on the steering axle.
    12. Windshield Glazing. (Not including a 2 inch border at the top, a 
1 inch border at each side and the area below the topmost portion of the 
steering wheel.) Any crack, discoloration or vision reducing matter 
except: (1) coloring or tinting applied at time of manufacture; (2) any 
crack not over \1/4\ inch wide, if not intersected by any other crack; 
(3) any damaged area not more than \3/4\ inch in diameter, if not closer 
than 3 inches to any other such damaged area; (4) labels, stickers, 
decalcomania, etc. (see Sec.  393.60 for exceptions).
    13. Windshield Wipers. Any power unit that has an inoperative wiper, 
or missing or damaged parts that render it ineffective.
    14. Motorcoach Seats.
    a. Any passenger seat that is not securely fastened to the vehicle 
structure.
    b. [Reserved]
    15. Rear Impact Guard.
    a. Trailers and semitrailers with a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,001 lbs.) 
or more, manufactured on or after January 26, 1998 (see exceptions in 
Sec.  393.86(a)(1) of this subchapter).
    (1) Missing guard.
    (2) Guard is not securely attached to trailer, including broken or 
missing fasteners, any welds or parent metal cracked, or other damage 
that compromises secure attachment of the guard.
    (3) Guard horizontal member does not extend to within 100 mm (4 
inches) of each, or extends beyond either, side extremity of the 
vehicle.
    (4) Guard horizontal member is more than 560 mm (22 inches) above 
the ground.
    (5) Guard horizontal member is more than 305 mm (12 inches) forward 
of the rear extremity of the vehicle.
    (6) Guard horizontal member does not have a cross sectional vertical 
height of at least 100 mm (4 inches) across its entire width.
    b. Commercial motor vehicles manufactured after December 31, 1952 
(except trailers and semitrailers manufactured on or after January 26, 
1998) (see exceptions in Sec.  393.86(b)(1) and 393.86(b)(3) of this 
subchapter).
    (1) Missing guard.
    (2) Guard is not securely attached to trailer by bolts, welding, or 
other comparable means.
    (3) Guard horizontal member is more than 762 mm (30 inches) above 
the ground.
    (4) Guard horizontal member does not extend to within 457 mm (18 
inches) of each side extremity of the vehicle.

[[Page 707]]

    (5) Guard horizontal member is more than 610 mm (24 inches) forward 
of the rear extremity of the vehicle.

[53 FR 49411, Dec. 7, 1988; 53 FR 49968, Dec. 12, 1988, as amended at 66 
FR 49875, Oct. 1, 2001; 73 FR 76827, Dec. 17, 2008; 77 FR 46639, Aug. 8, 
2012; 77 FR 59829, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 58486, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 
47732, July 22, 2016; 81 FR 60634, Sept. 2, 2016. Redesignated and 
amended at 86 FR 57068, 57077, Oct. 14, 2021; 86 FR 62111, Nov. 9, 2021; 
87 FR 59037, Sept. 29, 2022]



PART 397_TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; DRIVING AND PARKING RULES--Table of Contents



                            Subpart A_General

Sec.
397.1 Application of the rules in this part.
397.2 Compliance with Federal motor carrier safety regulations.
397.3 State and local laws, ordinances, and regulations.
397.5 Attendance and surveillance of motor vehicles.
397.7 Parking.
397.9 [Reserved]
397.11 Fires.
397.13 Smoking.
397.15 Fueling.
397.17 Tires.
397.19 Instructions and documents.

Subpart B [Reserved]

        Subpart C_Routing of Non-Radioactive Hazardous Materials

397.61 Purpose and scope.
397.63 Applicability.
397.65 Definitions.
397.67 Motor carrier responsibility for routing.
397.69 Highway routing designations; preemption.
397.71 Federal standards.
397.73 Public information and reporting requirements.
397.75 Dispute resolution.
397.77 Judicial review of dispute decision.

          Subpart D_Routing of Class 7 (Radioactive) Materials

397.101 Requirements for motor carriers and drivers.
397.103 Requirements for State routing designations.

                     Subpart E_Preemption Procedures

397.201 Purpose and scope of the procedures.
397.203 Standards for determining preemption.
397.205 Preemption application.
397.207 Preemption notice.
397.209 Preemption processing.
397.211 Preemption determination.
397.213 Waiver of preemption application.
397.215 Waiver notice.
397.217 Waiver processing.
397.219 Waiver determination and order.
397.221 Timeliness.
397.223 Petition for reconsideration.
397.225 Judicial review.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322; 49 CFR 1.87. Subpart A also issued under 
49 U.S.C. 5103, 31136, 31502, and 49 CFR 1.97. Subparts C, D, and E also 
issued under 49 U.S.C. 5112, 5125.

    Source: 36 FR 4876, Mar. 13, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 397 appear at 66 FR 
49874, Oct. 1, 2001.



                            Subpart A_General



Sec.  397.1  Application of the rules in this part.

    (a) The rules in this part apply to each motor carrier engaged in 
the transportation of hazardous materials by a motor vehicle which must 
be marked or placarded in accordance with Sec.  177.823 of this title 
and to--
    (1) Each officer or employee of the motor carrier who performs 
supervisory duties related to the transportation of hazardous materials; 
and
    (2) Each person who operates or who is in charge of a motor vehicle 
containing hazardous materials.
    (b) Each person designated in paragraph (a) of this section must 
know and obey the rules in this part.

[36 FR 4876, Mar. 13, 1971, as amended at 36 FR 16067, Aug. 19, 1971; 53 
FR 18058, May 19, 1988; 60 FR 38749, July 28, 1995]



Sec.  397.2  Compliance with Federal motor carrier safety regulations.

    A motor carrier or other person to whom this part is applicable must 
comply with the rules in parts 390 through 397, inclusive, of this 
subchapter when he/she is transporting hazardous materials by a motor 
vehicle which must be marked or placarded in accordance with Sec.  
177.823 of this title.

[37 FR 18080, Sept. 7, 1972]



Sec.  397.3  State and local laws, ordinances, and regulations.

    Every motor vehicle containing hazardous materials must be driven 
and

[[Page 708]]

parked in compliance with the laws, ordinances, and regulations of the 
jurisdiction in which it is being operated, unless they are at variance 
with specific regulations of the Department of Transportation which are 
applicable to the operation of that vehicle and which impose a more 
stringent obligation or restraint.



Sec.  397.5  Attendance and surveillance of motor vehicles.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a motor 
vehicle which contains a Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) material 
must be attended at all times by its driver or a qualified 
representative of the motor carrier that operates it.
    (b) The rules in paragraph (a) of this section do not apply to a 
motor vehicle which contains Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 material if all 
the following conditions exist--
    (1) The vehicle is located on the property of a motor carrier, on 
the property of a shipper or consignee of the explosives, in a safe 
haven, or, in the case of a vehicle containing 50 pounds or less of a 
Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 material, on a construction or survey site; 
and
    (2) The lawful bailee of the explosives is aware of the nature of 
the explosives the vehicle contains and has been instructed in the 
procedures which must be followed in emergencies; and
    (3) The vehicle is within the bailee's unobstructed field of view or 
is located in a safe haven.
    (c) A motor vehicle which contains hazardous materials other than 
Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3, materials, and which is located on a public 
street or highway, or the shoulder of a public highway, must be attended 
by its driver. However, the vehicle need not be attended while its 
driver is performing duties which are incident and necessary to the 
driver's duties as the operator of the vehicle.
    (d) For purposes of this section--
    (1) A motor vehicle is attended when the person in charge of the 
vehicle is on the vehicle, awake, and not in a sleeper berth, or is 
within 100 feet of the vehicle and has it within his/her unobstructed 
field of view.
    (2) A qualified representative of a motor carrier is a person who--
    (i) Has been designated by the carrier to attend the vehicle;
    (ii) Is aware of the nature of the hazardous materials contained in 
the vehicle he/she attends;
    (iii) Has been instructed in the procedures he/she must follow in 
emergencies; and
    (iv) Is authorized to move the vehicle and has the means and ability 
to do so.
    (3) A safe haven is an area specifically approved in writing by 
local, State, or Federal governmental authorities for the parking of 
unattended vehicles containing Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials.
    (e) The rules in this section do not relieve the driver from any 
obligation imposed by law relating to the placing of warning devices 
when a motor vehicle is stopped on a public street or highway.

[59 FR 63925, Dec. 12, 1994, as amended at 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012]



Sec.  397.7  Parking.

    (a) A motor vehicle which contains Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 
materials must not be parked under any of the following circumstances--
    (1) On or within 5 feet of the traveled portion of a public street 
or highway;
    (2) On private property (including premises of fueling or eating 
facility) without the knowledge and consent of the person who is in 
charge of the property and who is aware of the nature of the hazardous 
materials the vehicle contains; or
    (3) Within 300 feet of a bridge, tunnel, dwelling, or place where 
people work, congregate, or assemble, except for brief periods when the 
necessities of operation require the vehicle to be parked and make it 
impracticable to park the vehicle in any other place.
    (b) A motor vehicle which contains hazardous materials other than 
Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials must not be parked on or within five 
feet of the traveled portion of public street or highway except for 
brief periods when the necessities of operation require the vehicle to 
be parked and make it impracticable to park the vehicle in any other 
place.

[59 FR 63925, Dec. 12, 1994]

[[Page 709]]



Sec.  397.9  [Reserved]



Sec.  397.11  Fires.

    (a) A motor vehicle containing hazardous materials must not be 
operated near an open fire unless its driver has first taken precautions 
to ascertain that the vehicle can safely pass the fire without stopping.
    (b) A motor vehicle containing hazardous materials must not be 
parked within 300 feet of an open fire.



Sec.  397.13  Smoking.

    No person may smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar, or pipe on 
or within 25 feet of--
    (a) A motor vehicle which contains Class 1 materials, Class 5 
materials, or flammable materials classified as Division 2.1, Class 3, 
Divisions 4.1 and 4.2; or
    (b) An empty tank motor vehicle which has been used to transport 
Class 3, flammable materials, or Division 2.1 flammable gases, which 
when so used, was required to be marked or placarded in accordance with 
the rules in Sec.  177.823 of this title.

[59 FR 63925, Dec. 12, 1994]



Sec.  397.15  Fueling.

    When a motor vehicle which contains hazardous materials is being 
fueled--
    (a) Its engine must not be operating; and
    (b) A person must be in control of the fueling process at the point 
where the fuel tank is filled.



Sec.  397.17  Tires.

    (a) A driver must examine each tire on a motor vehicle at the 
beginning of each trip and each time the vehicle is parked.
    (b) If, as the result of an examination pursuant to paragraph (a) of 
this section, or otherwise, a tire if found to be flat, leaking, or 
improperly inflated, the driver must cause the tire to be repaired, 
replaced, or properly inflated before the vehicle is driven. However, 
the vehicle may be driven to the nearest safe place to perform the 
required repair, replacement, or inflation.
    (c) If, as the result of an examination pursuant to paragraph (a) of 
this section, or otherwise, a tire is found to be overheated, the driver 
shall immediately cause the overheated tire to be removed and placed at 
a safe distance from the vehicle. The driver shall not operate the 
vehicle until the cause of the overheating is corrected.
    (d) Compliance with the rules in this section does not relieve a 
driver from the duty to comply with the rules in Sec. Sec.  397.5 and 
397.7.



Sec.  397.19  Instructions and documents.

    (a) A motor carrier that transports Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 
(explosive) materials must furnish the driver of each motor vehicle in 
which the explosives are transported with the following documents:
    (1) A copy of the rules in this part;
    (2) [Reserved]
    (3) A document containing instructions on procedures to be followed 
in the event of accident or delay. The documents must include the names 
and telephone numbers of persons (including representatives of carriers 
or shippers) to be contacted, the nature of the explosives being 
transported, and the precautions to be taken in emergencies such as 
fires, accidents, or leakages.
    (b) A driver who receives documents in accordance with paragraph (a) 
of this section must sign a receipt for them. The motor carrier shall 
maintain the receipt for a period of one year from the date of 
signature.
    (c) A driver of a motor vehicle which contains Division 1.1, 1.2, or 
1.3 materials must be in possession of, be familiar with, and be in 
compliance with
    (1) The documents specified in paragraph (a) of this section;
    (2) The documents specified in Sec.  177.817 of this title; and
    (3) The written route plan specified in Sec.  397.67.

[59 FR 63925, Dec. 12, 1994, as amended at 63 FR 33280, June 18, 1998; 
77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012]

Subpart B [Reserved]



        Subpart C_Routing of Non-Radioactive Hazardous Materials

    Source: 59 FR 51830, Oct. 12, 1994, unless otherwise noted.

[[Page 710]]



Sec.  397.61  Purpose and scope.

    This subpart contains routing requirements and procedures that 
States and Indian tribes are required to follow if they establish, 
maintain, or enforce routing designations over which a non-radioactive 
hazardous material (NRHM) in a quantity which requires placarding may or 
may not be transported by a motor vehicle. It also provides regulations 
for motor carriers transporting placarded or marked NRHM and procedures 
for dispute resolutions regarding NRHM routing designations.



Sec.  397.63  Applicability.

    The provisions of this subpart apply to any State or Indian tribe 
that establishes, maintains, or enforces any routing designations over 
which NRHM may or may not be transported by motor vehicle. They also 
apply to any motor carrier that transports or causes to be transported 
placarded or marked NRHM in commerce.



Sec.  397.65  Definitions.

    For purposes of this subpart, the following definitions apply:
    Administrator. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator, who 
is the chief executive of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, an agency within the United States Department of 
Transportation, or his/her designate.
    Commerce. Any trade, traffic, or transportation in the United States 
which:
    (1) Is between a place under the jurisdiction of a State or Indian 
tribe and any place outside of such jurisdiction; or
    (2) Is solely within a place under the jurisdiction of a State or 
Indian tribe but which affects trade, traffic, or transportation 
described in subparagraph (a).
    FMCSA. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, an agency 
within the Department of Transportation.
    Hazardous material. A substance or material, including a hazardous 
substance, which has been determined by the Secretary of Transportation 
to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, or 
property when transported in commerce, and which has been so designated.
    Indian tribe. Has the same meaning as contained in section 4 of the 
Indian Self-Determination and Education Act, 25 U.S.C. 450b.
    Motor carrier. A for-hire motor carrier or a private motor carrier 
of property. The term includes a motor carrier's agents, officers and 
representatives as well as employees responsible for hiring, 
supervising, training, assigning, or dispatching of drivers.
    Motor vehicle. Any vehicle, machine, tractor, trailer, or 
semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power and used upon the 
highways in the transportation of passengers or property, or any 
combination thereof.
    NRHM. A non-radioactive hazardous material transported by motor 
vehicle in types and quantities which require placarding, pursuant to 
Table 1 or 2 of 49 CFR 172.504.
    Political subdivision. A municipality, public agency or other 
instrumentality of one or more States, or a public corporation, board, 
or commission established under the laws of one or more States.
    Radioactive material. As defined in 49 CFR 173.403, radioactive 
material means any material containing radionuclides where both the 
activity concentration and the total activity in the consignment exceed 
the values of the table in 49 CFR 173.436 or values derived according to 
the instructions in 49 CFR 173.433.
    Routing agency. The State highway agency or other State agency 
designated by the Governor of that State, or an agency designated by an 
Indian tribe, to supervise, coordinate, and approve the NRHM routing 
designations for that State or Indian tribe.
    Routing designations. Any regulation, limitation, restriction, 
curfew, time of travel restriction, lane restriction, routing ban, port-
of-entry designation, or route weight restriction, applicable to the 
highway transportation of NRHM over a specific highway route or portion 
of a route.
    Secretary. The Secretary of Transportation.

[[Page 711]]

    State. A State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the 
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
Islands, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa or Guam.

[59 FR 51830, Oct. 12, 1994, as amended at 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  397.67  Motor carrier responsibility for routing.

    (a) A motor carrier transporting NRHM shall comply with NRHM routing 
designations of a State or Indian tribe pursuant to this subpart.
    (b) A motor carrier carrying hazardous materials required to be 
placarded or marked in accordance with 49 CFR 177.823 and not subject to 
NRHM routing designations pursuant to this subpart, shall operate the 
vehicle over routes which do not go through or near heavily populated 
areas, places where crowds are assembled, tunnels, narrow streets, or 
alleys, except where the motor carrier determines that:
    (1) There is no practicable alternative;
    (2) A reasonable deviation is necessary to reach terminals, points 
of loading and unloading, facilities for food, fuel, repairs, rest, or a 
safe haven; or
    (3) A reasonable deviation is required by emergency conditions, such 
as a detour that has been established by a highway authority, or a 
situation exists where a law enforcement official requires the driver to 
take an alternative route.
    (c) Operating convenience is not a basis for determining whether it 
is practicable to operate a motor vehicle in accordance with paragraph 
(b) of this section.
    (d) Before a motor carrier requires or permits a motor vehicle 
containing explosives in Class 1, Divisions 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3, as defined 
in 49 CFR 173.50 and 173.53 respectively, to be operated, the carrier or 
its agent shall prepare a written route plan that complies with this 
section and shall furnish a copy to the driver. However, the driver may 
prepare the written plan as agent for the motor carrier when the trip 
begins at a location other than the carrier's terminal.

[59 FR 51830, Oct. 12, 1994, as amended at 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  397.69  Highway routing designations; preemption.

    (a) Any State or Indian tribe that establishes or modifies a highway 
routing designation over which NRHM may or may not be transported on or 
after November 14, 1994, and maintains or enforces such designation, 
shall comply with the highway routing standards set forth in Sec.  
397.71 of this subpart. For purposes of this subpart, any highway 
routing designation affecting the highway transportation of NRHM, made 
by a political subdivision of a State is considered as one made by that 
State, and all requirements of this subpart apply.
    (b) Except as provided in Sec. Sec.  397.75 and 397.219, an NRHM 
route designation made in violation of paragraph (a) of this section is 
preempted pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 5125(c).
    (c) A highway routing designation established by a State, political 
subdivision, or Indian tribe before November 14, 1994 is subject to 
preemption in accordance with the preemption standards in paragraphs 
(a)(1) and (a)(2) of Sec.  397.203.
    (d) A State, political subdivision, or Indian tribe may petition for 
a waiver of preemption in accordance with Sec.  397.213 of this part.

[59 FR 51830, Oct. 12, 1994, as amended at 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013; 
79 FR 59457, Oct. 2, 2014]



Sec.  397.71  Federal standards.

    (a) A State or Indian tribe shall comply with the Federal standards 
under paragraph (b) of this section when establishing, maintaining or 
enforcing specific NRHM routing designations over which NRHM may or may 
not be transported.
    (b) The Federal standards are as follows:
    (1) Enhancement of public safety. The State or Indian tribe shall 
make a finding, supported by the record to be developed in accordance 
with paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) and (b)(3)(iv) of this section, that any NRHM 
routing designation enhances public safety in the areas

[[Page 712]]

subject to its jurisdiction and in other areas which are directly 
affected by such highway routing designation. In making such a finding, 
the State or Indian tribe shall consider:
    (i) The factors listed in paragraph (b)(9) of this section; and
    (ii) The DOT ``Guidelines for Applying Criteria to Designate Routes 
for Transporting Hazardous Materials,'' DOT/RSPA/OHMT-89-02, July 1989 
\1\ or its most current version; or an equivalent routing analysis which 
adequately considers overall risk to the public.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ This document may be obtained from Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, Office of Enforcement and Compliance (MC-SE), 1200 New 
Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Public participation. Prior to the establishment of any NRHM 
routing designation, the State or Indian tribe shall undertake the 
following actions to ensure participation by the public in the routing 
process:
    (i) The State or Indian tribe shall provide the public with notice 
of any proposed NRHM routing designation and a 30-day period in which to 
comment. At any time during this period or following review of the 
comments received, the State or Indian tribe shall decide whether to 
hold a public hearing on the proposed NRHM route designation. The public 
shall be given 30 days prior notice of the public hearing which shall be 
conducted as described in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section. Notice 
for both the comment period and the public hearing, if one is held, 
shall be given by publication in at least two newspapers of general 
circulation in the affected area or areas and shall contain a complete 
description of the proposed routing designation, together with the date, 
time, and location of any public hearings. Notice for both the comment 
period and any public hearing may also be published in the official 
register of the State.
    (ii) If it is determined that a public hearing is necessary, the 
State or Indian tribe shall hold at least one public hearing on the 
record during which the public will be afforded the opportunity to 
present its views and any information or data related to the proposed 
NRHM routing designation. The State shall make available to the public, 
upon payment of prescribed costs, copies of the transcript of the 
hearing, which shall include all exhibits and documents presented during 
the hearing or submitted for the record.
    (3) Consultation with others. Prior to the establishment of any NRHM 
routing designation, the State or Indian tribe shall provide notice to, 
and consult with, officials of affected political subdivisions, States 
and Indian tribes, and any other affected parties. Such actions shall 
include the following:
    (i) At least 60 days prior to establishing a routing designation, 
the State or Indian tribe shall provide notice, in writing, of the 
proposed routing designation to officials responsible for highway 
routing in all other affected States or Indian tribes. A copy of this 
notice may also be sent to all affected political subdivisions. This 
notice shall request approval, in writing, by those States or Indian 
tribes, of the proposed routing designations. If no response is received 
within 60 days from the day of receipt of the notification of the 
proposed routing designation, the routing designation shall be 
considered approved by the affected State or Indian tribe.
    (ii) The manner in which consultation under this paragraph is 
conducted is left to the discretion of the State or Indian tribe.
    (iii) The State or Indian tribe shall attempt to resolve any concern 
or disagreement expressed by any consulted official related to the 
proposed routing designation.
    (iv) The State or Indian tribe shall keep a record of the names and 
addresses of the officials notified pursuant to this section and of any 
consultation or meeting conducted with these officials or their 
representatives. Such record shall describe any concern or disagreement 
expressed by the officials and any action undertaken to resolve such 
disagreement or address any concern.
    (4) Through routing. In establishing any NRHM routing designation, 
the State or Indian tribe shall ensure through highway routing for the 
transportation of NRHM between adjacent areas. The term ``through 
highway routing'' as used in this paragraph means that the routing 
designation

[[Page 713]]

must ensure continuity of movement so as to not impede or unnecessarily 
delay the transportation of NRHM. The State or Indian tribe shall 
utilize the procedures established in paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of 
this section in meeting these requirements. In addition, the State or 
Indian tribe shall make a finding, supported by a risk analysis 
conducted in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, that the 
routing designation enhances public safety. If the risk analysis shows--
    (i) That the current routing presents at least 50 percent more risk 
to the public than the deviation under the proposed routing designation, 
then the proposed routing designation may go into effect.
    (ii) That the current routing presents a greater risk but less than 
50 percent more risk to the public than the deviation under the proposed 
routing restriction, then the proposed routing restriction made by a 
State or Indian tribe shall only go into effect if it does not force a 
deviation of more than 25 miles or result in an increase of more than 25 
percent of that part of a trip affected by the deviation, whichever is 
shorter, from the most direct route through a jurisdiction as compared 
to the intended deviation.
    (iii) That the current route has the same or less risk to the public 
than the deviation resulting from the proposed routing designation, then 
the routing designation shall not be allowed.
    (5) Agreement of other States; burden on commerce. Any NRHM routing 
designation which affects another State or Indian tribe shall be 
established, maintained, or enforced only if:
    (i) It does not unreasonably burden commerce, and
    (ii) It is agreed to by the affected State or Indian tribe within 60 
days of receipt of the notice sent pursuant to paragraph (b)(3)(i) of 
this section, or it is approved by the Administrator pursuant to Sec.  
397.75.
    (6) Timeliness. The establishment of an NRHM routing designation by 
any State or Indian tribe shall be completed within 18 months of the 
notice given in either paragraph (b)(2) or (b)(3) of this section, 
whichever occurs first.
    (7) Reasonable routes to terminals and other facilities. In 
establishing or providing for reasonable access to and from designated 
routes, the State or Indian tribe shall use the shortest practicable 
route considering the factors listed in paragraph (b)(9) of this 
section. In establishing any NRHM routing designation, the State or 
Indian tribe shall provide reasonable access for motor vehicles 
transporting NRHM to reach:
    (i) Terminals,
    (ii) Points of loading, unloading, pickup and delivery, and
    (iii) Facilities for food, fuel, repairs, rest, and safe havens.
    (8) Responsibility for local compliance. The States shall be 
responsible for ensuring that all of their political subdivisions comply 
with the provisions of this subpart. The States shall be responsible for 
resolving all disputes between such political subdivisions within their 
jurisdictions. If a State or any political subdivision thereof, or an 
Indian tribe chooses to establish, maintain, or enforce any NRHM routing 
designation, the Governor, or Indian tribe, shall designate a routing 
agency for the State or Indian tribe, respectively. The routing agency 
shall ensure that all NRHM routing designations within its jurisdiction 
comply with the Federal standards in this section. The State or Indian 
tribe shall comply with the public information and reporting 
requirements contained in Sec.  397.73.
    (9) Factors to consider. In establishing any NRHM routing 
designation, the State or Indian tribe shall consider the following 
factors:
    (i) Population density. The population potentially exposed to an 
NRHM release shall be estimated from the density of the residents, 
employees, motorists, and other persons in the area, using United States 
census tract maps or other reasonable means for determining the 
population within a potential impact zone along a designated highway 
route. The impact zone is the potential range of effects in the event of 
a release. Special populations such as schools, hospitals, prisons, and 
senior citizen homes shall, among other things, be considered when 
determining the potential risk to the populations along a highway 
routing. Consideration shall be given to the amount of time

[[Page 714]]

during which an area will experience a heavy population density.
    (ii) Type of highway. The characteristics of each alternative NRHM 
highway routing designation shall be compared. Vehicle weight and size 
limits, underpass and bridge clearances, roadway geometrics, number of 
lanes, degree of access control, and median and shoulder structures are 
examples of characteristics which a State or Indian tribe shall 
consider.
    (iii) Types and quantities of NRHM. An examination shall be made of 
the type and quantity of NRHM normally transported along highway routes 
which are included in a proposed NRHM routing designation, and 
consideration shall be given to the relative impact zone and risks of 
each type and quantity.
    (iv) Emergency response capabilities. In consultation with the 
proper fire, law enforcement, and highway safety agencies, consideration 
shall be given to the emergency response capabilities which may be 
needed as a result of an NRHM routing designation. The analysis of the 
emergency response capabilities shall be based upon the proximity of the 
emergency response facilities and their capabilities to contain and 
suppress NRHM releases within the impact zones.
    (v) Results of consultation with affected persons. Consideration 
shall be given to the comments and concerns of all affected persons and 
entities provided during public hearings and consultations conducted in 
accordance with this section.
    (vi) Exposure and other risk factors. States and Indian tribes shall 
define the exposure and risk factors associated with any NRHM routing 
designations. The distance to sensitive areas shall be considered. 
Sensitive areas include, but are not limited to, homes and commercial 
buildings; special populations in hospitals, schools, handicapped 
facilities, prisons and stadiums; water sources such as streams and 
lakes; and natural areas such as parks, wetlands, and wildlife reserves.
    (vii) Terrain considerations. Topography along and adjacent to the 
proposed NRHM routing designation that may affect the potential severity 
of an accident, the dispersion of the NRHM upon release and the control 
and clean up of NRHM if released shall be considered.
    (viii) Continuity of routes. Adjacent jurisdictions shall be 
consulted to ensure routing continuity for NRHM across common borders. 
Deviations from the most direct route shall be minimized.
    (ix) Alternative routes. Consideration shall be given to the 
alternative routes to, or resulting from, any NRHM route designation. 
Alternative routes shall be examined, reviewed, or evaluated to the 
extent necessary to demonstrate that the most probable alternative 
routing resulting from a routing designation is safer than the current 
routing.
    (x) Effects on commerce. Any NRHM routing designation made in 
accordance with this subpart shall not create an unreasonable burden 
upon interstate or intrastate commerce.
    (xi) Delays in transportation. No NRHM routing designations may 
create unnecessary delays in the transportation of NRHM.
    (xii) Climatic conditions. Weather conditions unique to a highway 
route such as snow, wind, ice, fog, or other climatic conditions that 
could affect the safety of a route, the dispersion of the NRHM upon 
release, or increase the difficulty of controlling it and cleaning it up 
shall be given appropriate consideration.
    (xiii) Congestion and accident history. Traffic conditions unique to 
a highway routing such as: traffic congestion; accident experience with 
motor vehicles, traffic considerations that could affect the potential 
for an accident, exposure of the public to any release, ability to 
perform emergency response operations, or the temporary closing of a 
highway for cleaning up any release shall be given appropriate 
consideration.

[36 FR 4876, Mar. 13, 1971, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 72 
FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007; 78 FR 58485, Sept. 24, 2013; 87 FR 59037, Sept. 
29, 2022]



Sec.  397.73  Public information and reporting requirements.

    (a) Public information. Information on NRHM routing designations 
must be made available by the States and Indian tribes to the public in 
the form of

[[Page 715]]

maps, lists, road signs or some combination thereof. If road signs are 
used, those signs and their placements must comply with the provisions 
of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and 
Highways, published by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), 
particularly the Hazardous Cargo signs identified as R14-2 and R14-3 
shown in Section 2B-62 of that Manual. This publication may be accessed 
free of charge on the Internet at http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/.
    (b) Reporting and publishing requirements. (1) Each State or Indian 
tribe, through its routing agency, shall provide information identifying 
all NRHM routing designations that exist within its jurisdiction:
    (i) Electronically, by email to [email protected]; or
    (ii) By mail to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
Office of Enforcement and Compliance (MC-SE), 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, 
Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (2) States and Indian tribes shall also submit to FMCSA the current 
name of the State or Indian tribal agency responsible for NHRM highway 
routing designations. The State or Indian tribe shall include 
descriptions of these routing designations, along with the dates they 
were established. Information on any subsequent changes or new NRHM 
routing designations shall be furnished within 60 days after 
establishment to the FMCSA.
    (3)(i) FMCSA will consolidate information on the NRHM routing 
designations, make it available on its website, https://
www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/hazardous-materials/national-hazardous-
materials-route-registry, and publish it annually in whole or as updates 
in the Federal Register.
    (ii) Each State or Indian tribe may also publish this information in 
its official register of State or tribal regulations.
    (c) A State or Tribally-designated route is effective only after it 
is published in the National Hazardous Materials Route Registry on 
FMCSA's website at https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/hazardous-
materials/national-hazardous-materials-route-registry.

[79 FR 59457, Oct. 2, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 68358, Oct. 4, 2016; 83 
FR 22881, May 17, 2018; 83 FR 48726, Sept. 27, 2018; 87 FR 59037, Sept. 
29, 2022]



Sec.  397.75  Dispute resolution.

    (a) Petition. One or more States or Indian tribes may petition the 
Administrator to resolve a dispute relating to an agreement on a 
proposed NRHM routing designation. In resolving a dispute under these 
provisions, the Administrator will provide the greatest level of safety 
possible without unreasonably burdening commerce, and ensure compliance 
with the Federal standards established at Sec.  397.71 of this subpart.
    (b) Filing. Each petition for dispute resolution filed under this 
section must:
    (1) Be submitted to the Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. 
Attention: Office of the Chief Counsel (MC-CC).
    (2) Identify the State or Indian tribe filing the petition and any 
other State, political subdivision, or Indian tribe whose NRHM routing 
designation is the subject of the dispute.
    (3) Contain a certification that the petitioner has complied with 
the notification requirements of paragraph (c) of this section, and 
include a list of the names and addresses of each State, political 
subdivision, or Indian tribe official who was notified of the filing of 
the petition.
    (4) Clearly set forth the dispute for which resolution is sought, 
including a complete description of any disputed NRHM routing 
designation and an explanation of how the disputed routing designation 
affects the petitioner or how it impedes through highway routing. If the 
routing designation being disputed results in alternative routing, then 
a comparative risk analysis for the designated route and the resulting 
alternative routing shall be provided.
    (5) Describe any actions taken by the State or Indian tribe to 
resolve the dispute.
    (6) Explain the reasons why the petitioner believes that the 
Administrator

[[Page 716]]

should intervene in resolving the dispute.
    (7) Describe any proposed actions that the Administrator should take 
to resolve the dispute and how these actions would provide the greatest 
level of highway safety without unreasonably burdening commerce and 
would ensure compliance with the Federal standards established in this 
subpart.
    (c) Notice. (1) Any State or Indian tribe that files a petition for 
dispute resolution under this subpart shall mail a copy of the petition 
to any affected State, political subdivision, or Indian tribe, 
accompanied by a statement that the State, political subdivision, or 
Indian tribe may submit comments regarding the petition to the 
Administrator within 45 days.
    (2) By serving notice on any other State, political subdivision, or 
Indian tribe determined by the Administrator to be possibly affected by 
the issues in dispute or the resolution sought, or by publication in the 
Federal Register, the Administrator may afford those persons an 
opportunity to file written comments on the petition.
    (3) Any affected State, political subdivision, or Indian tribe 
submitting written comments to the Administrator with respect to a 
petition filed under this section shall send a copy of the comments to 
the petitioner and certify to the Administrator as to having complied 
with this requirement. The Administrator may notify other persons 
participating in the proceeding of the comments and provide an 
opportunity for those other persons to respond.
    (d) Court actions. After a petition for dispute resolution is filed 
in accordance with this section, no court action may be brought with 
respect to the subject matter of such dispute until a final decision has 
been issued by the Administrator or until the last day of the one-year 
period beginning on the day the Administrator receives the petition, 
whichever occurs first.
    (e) Hearings; alternative dispute resolution. Upon receipt of a 
petition filed pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section, the 
Administrator may schedule a hearing to attempt to resolve the dispute 
and, if a hearing is scheduled, will notify all parties to the dispute 
of the date, time, and place of the hearing. During the hearing the 
parties may offer any information pertinent to the resolution of the 
dispute. If an agreement is reached, it may be stipulated by the 
parties, in writing, and, if the Administrator agrees, made part of the 
decision in paragraph (f) of this section. If no agreement is reached, 
the Administrator may take the matter under consideration and announce 
his or her decision in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section. 
Nothing in this section shall be construed as prohibiting the parties 
from settling the dispute or seeking other methods of alternative 
dispute resolution prior to the final decision by the Administrator.
    (f) Decision. The Administrator will issue a decision based on the 
petition, the written comments submitted by the parties, the record of 
the hearing, and any other information in the record. The decision will 
include a written statement setting forth the relevant facts and the 
legal basis for the decision.
    (g) Record. The Administrator will serve a copy of the decision upon 
the petitioner and any other party who participated in the proceedings. 
A copy of each decision will be placed on file in the public docket. The 
Administrator may publish the decision or notice of the decision in the 
Federal Register.

[36 FR 4876, Mar. 13, 1971, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 72 
FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  397.77  Judicial review of dispute decision.

    Any State or Indian tribe adversely affected by the Administrator's 
decision under Sec.  397.75 of this subpart may seek review by the 
appropriate district court of the United States under such proceeding 
only by filing a petition with such court within 90 days after such 
decision becomes final.



          Subpart D_Routing of Class 7 (Radioactive) Materials



Sec.  397.101  Requirements for motor carriers and drivers.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section or in 
circumstances when there is only one practicable

[[Page 717]]

highway route available, considering operating necessity and safety, a 
carrier or any person operating a motor vehicle that contains a Class 7 
(radioactive) material, as defined in 49 CFR 172.403, for which 
placarding is required under 49 CFR part 172 shall:
    (1) Ensure that the motor vehicle is operated on routes that 
minimize radiological risk;
    (2) Consider available information on accident rates, transit time, 
population density and activities, and the time of day and the day of 
week during which transportation will occur to determine the level of 
radiological risk; and
    (3) Tell the driver which route to take and that the motor vehicle 
contains Class 7 (radioactive) materials.
    (b) Except as otherwise permitted in this paragraph and in paragraph 
(f) of this section, a carrier or any person operating a motor vehicle 
containing a highway route controlled quantity of Class 7 (radioactive) 
materials, as defined in 49 CFR 173.403, shall operate the motor vehicle 
only over preferred routes.
    (1) For purposes of this subpart, a preferred route is an Interstate 
System highway for which an alternative route is not designated by a 
State routing agency; a State-designated route selected by a State 
routing agency pursuant to Sec.  397.103; or both of the above.
    (2) The motor carrier or the person operating a motor vehicle 
containing a highway route controlled quantity of Class 7 (radioactive) 
materials, as defined in 49 CFR 173.403, shall select routes to reduce 
time in transit over the preferred route segment of the trip. An 
Interstate System bypass or Interstate System beltway around a city, 
when available, shall be used in place of a preferred route through a 
city, unless a State routing agency has designated an alternative route.
    (c) A motor vehicle may be operated over a route, other than a 
preferred route, only under the following conditions:
    (1) The deviation from the preferred route is necessary to pick up 
or deliver a highway route controlled quantity of Class 7 (radioactive) 
materials, to make necessary rest, fuel or motor vehicle repair stops, 
or because emergency conditions make continued use of the preferred 
route unsafe or impossible;
    (2) For pickup and delivery not over preferred routes, the route 
selected must be the shortest-distance route from the pickup location to 
the nearest preferred route entry location, and the shortest-distance 
route to the delivery location from the nearest preferred route exit 
location. Deviation from the shortest-distance pickup or delivery route 
is authorized if such deviation:
    (i) Is based upon the criteria in paragraph (a) of this section to 
minimize the radiological risk; and
    (ii) Does not exceed the shortest-distance pickup or delivery route 
by more than 25 miles and does not exceed 5 times the length of the 
shortest-distance pickup or delivery route.
    (iii) Deviations from preferred routes, or pickup or delivery routes 
other than preferred routes, which are necessary for rest, fuel, or 
motor vehicle repair stops or because of emergency conditions, shall be 
made in accordance with the criteria in paragraph (a) of this section to 
minimize radiological risk, unless due to emergency conditions, time 
does not permit use of those criteria.
    (d) A carrier (or a designated agent) who operates a motor vehicle 
which contains a package of highway route controlled quantity of Class 7 
(radioactive) materials, as defined in 49 CFR 173.403, shall prepare a 
written route plan and supply a copy before departure to the motor 
vehicle driver and a copy to the shipper (before departure for exclusive 
use shipments, as defined in 49 CFR 173.403, or within fifteen working 
days following departure for all other shipments). Any variation between 
the route plan and routes actually used, and the reason for it, shall be 
reported in an amendment to the route plan delivered to the shipper as 
soon as practicable but within 30 days following the deviation. The 
route plan shall contain:
    (1) A statement of the origin and destination points, a route 
selected in compliance with this section, all planned stops, and 
estimated departure and arrival times; and
    (2) Telephone numbers which will access emergency assistance in each 
State to be entered.

[[Page 718]]

    (e) No person may transport a package of highway route controlled 
quantity of Class 7 (radioactive) materials on a public highway unless:
    (1) The driver has received within the two preceding years, written 
training on:
    (i) Requirements in 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 177 pertaining to the 
Class 7 (radioactive) materials transported;
    (ii) The properties and hazards of the Class 7 (radioactive) 
materials being transported; and
    (iii) Procedures to be followed in case of an accident or other 
emergency.
    (2) The driver has in his or her immediate possession a certificate 
of training as evidence of training required by this section, and a copy 
is placed in his or her qualification file (see Sec.  391.51 of this 
subchapter), showing:
    (i) The driver's name and operator's license number;
    (ii) The dates training was provided;
    (iii) The name and address of the person providing the training;
    (iv) That the driver has been trained in the hazards and 
characteristics of highway route controlled quantity of Class 7 
(radioactive) materials; and
    (v) A statement by the person providing the training that 
information on the certificate is accurate.
    (3) The driver has in his or her immediate possession the route plan 
required by paragraph (d) of this section and operates the motor vehicle 
in accordance with the route plan.
    (f) A person may transport irradiated reactor fuel only in 
compliance with a plan if required under 49 CFR 173.22(c) that will 
ensure the physical security of the material. Variation for security 
purposes from the requirements of this section is permitted so far as 
necessary to meet the requirements imposed under such a plan, or 
otherwise imposed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission in 10 CFR 
part 73.

[57 FR 44131, Sept. 24, 1992, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 
72 FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007; 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 58485, Sept. 
24, 2013; 81 FR 68359, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  397.103  Requirements for State routing designations.

    (a) The State routing agency, as defined in Sec.  397.201(c), shall 
select routes to minimize radiological risk using ``Guidelines for 
Selecting Preferred Highway Routes for Highway Route Controlled Quantity 
Shipments of Radioactive Materials,'' or an equivalent routing analysis 
which adequately considers overall risk to the public. Designations must 
be preceded by substantive consultation with affected local 
jurisdictions and with any other affected States to ensure consideration 
of all impacts and continuity of designated routes.
    (b) State routing agencies may designate preferred routes as an 
alternative to, or in addition to, one or more Interstate System 
highways, including interstate system bypasses, or Interstate System 
beltways.
    (c) A State-designated route is effective when--
    (1) The State gives written notice to the Federal Motor Carrier 
Safety Administration:
    (i) By email to [email protected]; or
    (ii) By certified mail, return receipt requested, to the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Office of Enforcement and 
Compliance (MC-SE), 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-
0001. Attention: National Hazardous Materials Route Registry.
    (2) Receipt thereof is acknowledged in writing by the FMCSA.
    (3) The route is published in the National Hazardous Materials Route 
Registry on FMCSA's website at https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/
hazardous-materials/national-hazardous-materials-route-registry.
    (d) A list of State-designated preferred routes and a copy of the 
``Guidelines for Selecting Preferred Highway Routes for Highway Route 
Controlled Quantity Shipments of Radioactive Materials'' are available 
upon request to Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Office of 
Enforcement and Compliance (MC-EC), 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, Washington, 
DC 20590-0001, or by email to [email protected].

[57 FR 44131, Sept. 24, 1992, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 
72 FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007; 79 FR 59458, Oct. 2, 2014; 81 FR 68359, Oct. 
4, 2016; 83 FR 22881, May 17, 2018; 83 FR 48726, Sept. 27, 2018; 87 FR 
59037, Sept. 29, 2022]

[[Page 719]]



                     Subpart E_Preemption Procedures

    Source: 57 FR 44132, Sept. 24, 1992, unless otherwise noted.



Sec.  397.201  Purpose and scope of the procedures.

    (a) This subpart prescribes procedures by which:
    (1) Any person, including a State, political subdivision thereof, or 
Indian tribe, directly affected by any highway routing designation for 
hazardous materials may apply to the Administrator for a determination 
as to whether that highway routing designation is preempted under 49 
U.S.C. 5125, or Sec.  397.69 or Sec.  397.203 of this part; and
    (2) A State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe may 
apply to the Administrator for a waiver of preemption with respect to 
any highway routing designation that the State, political subdivision 
thereof, or Indian tribe acknowledges to be preempted by 49 U.S.C. 5125, 
or Sec.  397.69 or Sec.  397.203 of this part, or that has been 
determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be so preempted.
    (b) Unless otherwise ordered by the Administrator, an application 
for a preemption determination which includes an application for a 
waiver of preemption will be treated and processed solely as an 
application for a preemption determination.
    (c) For purposes of this part:
    Act means 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq., formerly known as the Hazardous 
Materials Transportation Act.
    Administrator means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator, 
who is the chief executive of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, an agency of the United States Department of 
Transportation, or his/her designate.
    Hazardous material means a substance or material, including a 
hazardous substance, which has been determined by the Secretary of 
Transportation to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, 
safety, or property, when transported in commerce, and which has been so 
designated.
    Indian tribe has the same meaning as contained in section 4 of the 
Indian Self-Determination and Education Act, 25 U.S.C. 450b.
    Person means an individual, firm, copartnership, corporation, 
company, association, joint-stock association, including any trustee, 
receiver, assignee, or similar representative thereof, or government, 
Indian tribe, or agency or instrumentality of any government or Indian 
tribe when it offers hazardous materials for transportation in commerce 
or transports hazardous materials in furtherance of a commercial 
enterprise, but such term does not include the United States Postal 
Service.
    Political subdivision includes a municipality; a public agency or 
other instrumentality of one or more States, or a public corporation, 
board, or commission established under the laws of one or more States.
    Routing agency means the State highway agency or other State agency 
designated by the Governor of a State, or an agency designated by an 
Indian tribe, to supervise, coordinate, and approve the highway routing 
designations for that State or Indian tribe. Any highway routing 
designation made by a political subdivision of a State shall be 
considered a designation made by that State.
    Routing designation includes any regulation, limitation, 
restriction, curfew, time of travel restriction, lane restriction, 
routing ban, port-of-entry designation, or route weight restriction 
applicable to the highway transportation of hazardous materials over a 
specific highway route or portion of a route.
    State means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, 
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern 
Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, or any other 
territory or possession of the United States designated by the 
Secretary.

[57 FR 44132, Sept. 24, 1992, as amended at 59 FR 51834, Oct. 12, 1994; 
78 FR 58486, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  397.203  Standards for determining preemption.

    (a) Any highway routing designation established, maintained, or 
enforced by a State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe is 
preempted if--

[[Page 720]]

    (1) Compliance with both the highway routing designation and any 
requirement under the Act or of a regulation issued under the Act is not 
possible;
    (2) The highway routing designation as applied or enforced creates 
an obstacle to the accomplishment and execution of the Act or the 
regulations issued under the Act; or
    (3) The highway routing designation is preempted pursuant to Sec.  
397.69(b) of this part.
    (b) [Reserved]

[57 FR 44132, Sept. 24, 1992, as amended at 59 FR 51834, Oct. 12, 1994]



Sec.  397.205  Preemption application.

    (a) Any person, including a State, political subdivision thereof, or 
Indian tribe directly affected by any highway routing designation of 
another State, political subdivision, or Indian tribe, may apply to the 
Administrator for a determination of whether that highway routing 
designation is preempted by the Act or Sec.  397.203 of this subpart. 
The Administrator shall publish notice of the application in the Federal 
Register.
    (b) Each application filed under this section for a determination 
must:
    (1) Be submitted to the Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. 
Attention: Office of the Chief Counsel, Enforcement and Litigation 
Division (MC-CCE);
    (2) Set forth a detailed description of the highway routing 
designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe 
for which the determination is sought;
    (3) If applicable, specify the provisions of the Act or the 
regulations issued under the Act under which the applicant seeks 
preemption of the highway routing designation of the State, political 
subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe;
    (4) Explain why the applicant believes the highway routing 
designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe 
should or should not be preempted under the standards of Sec.  397.203; 
and
    (5) State how the applicant is affected by the highway routing 
designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian 
tribe.
    (c) The filing of an application for a determination under this 
section does not constitute grounds for noncompliance with any 
requirement of the Act or any regulation issued under the Act.
    (d) Once the Administrator has published notice in the Federal 
Register of an application received under paragraph (a) of this section, 
no applicant for such determination may seek relief with respect to the 
same or substantially the same issue in any court until final action has 
been taken on the application or until 180 days after filing of the 
application, whichever occurs first. Nothing in this section shall be 
construed as prohibiting any person, including a State, political 
subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe, directly affected by any highway 
routing designation from seeking a determination of preemption in any 
court of competent jurisdiction in lieu of applying to the Administrator 
under paragraph (a) of this section.

[57 FR 44132, Sept. 24, 1992, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 
72 FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007]



Sec.  397.207  Preemption notice.

    (a) If the applicant is other than a State, political subdivision 
thereof, or Indian tribe, the applicant shall mail a copy of the 
application to the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe 
concerned, accompanied by a statement that comments may be submitted 
regarding the application to the Administrator within 45 days. The 
application filed with the Administrator must include a certification 
that the applicant has complied with this paragraph and must include the 
names and addresses of each official to whom a copy of the application 
was sent.
    (b) The Administrator may afford interested persons an opportunity 
to file written comments on the application by serving notice on any 
persons readily identifiable by the Administrator as persons who will be 
affected by the ruling sought or by publication in the Federal Register.
    (c) Each person submitting written comments to the Administrator 
with respect to an application filed under this section shall send a 
copy of the comments to the applicant and certify

[[Page 721]]

to the Administrator that he or she has complied with this requirement. 
The Administrator may notify other persons participating in the 
proceeding of the comments and provide an opportunity for those other 
persons to respond.



Sec.  397.209  Preemption processing.

    (a) The Administrator may initiate an investigation of any statement 
in an application and utilize in his or her evaluation any relevant 
facts obtained by that investigation. The Administrator may solicit and 
accept submissions from third persons relevant to an application and 
will provide the applicant an opportunity to respond to all third person 
submissions. In evaluating an application, the Administrator may 
consider any other source of information. The Administrator may convene 
a hearing or conference, if a hearing or conference will advance the 
evaluation of the application.
    (b) The Administrator may dismiss the application without prejudice 
if:
    (1) he or she determines that there is insufficient information upon 
which to base a determination; or
    (2) he or she requests additional information from the applicant and 
it is not submitted.



Sec.  397.211  Preemption determination.

    (a) Upon consideration of the application and other relevant 
information received, the Administrator issues a determination.
    (b) Notwithstanding that an application for a determination has not 
been filed under Sec.  397.205, the Administrator, on his or her own 
initiative, may issue a determination as to whether a particular highway 
routing designation of a State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian 
tribe is preempted under the Act or the regulations issued under the 
Act.
    (c) The determination includes a written statement setting forth the 
relevant facts and the legal basis for the determination, and provides 
that any person aggrieved thereby may file a petition for 
reconsideration within 20 days in accordance with Sec.  397.223.
    (d) Unless the determination is issued pursuant to paragraph (b) of 
this section, the Administrator serves a copy of the determination upon 
the applicant. In all preemption determinations, the Administrator 
serves a copy of the determination upon any other person who 
participated in the proceeding or who is readily identifiable by the 
Administrator as affected by the determination. A copy of each 
determination is placed on file in the public docket. The Administrator 
may publish the determination or notice of the determination in the 
Federal Register.
    (e) If no petition for reconsideration is filed within 20 days in 
accordance with Sec.  397.223, a determination issued under this section 
constitutes the final agency decision as to whether a particular highway 
routing designation of a State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian 
tribe is preempted under the Act or regulations issued thereunder. The 
fact that a determination has not been issued under this section with 
respect to a particular highway routing designation of a State, 
political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe carries no implication as 
to whether the requirement is preempted under the Act or regulations 
issued thereunder.



Sec.  397.213  Waiver of preemption application.

    (a) Any State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe may 
apply to the Administrator for a waiver of preemption with respect to 
any highway routing designation that the State, political subdivision 
thereof, or Indian tribe acknowledges to be preempted by the Act, Sec.  
397.203 of this subpart, or a court of competent jurisdiction. The 
Administrator may waive preemption with respect to such requirement upon 
a determination that such requirement--
    (1) Affords an equal or greater level of protection to the public 
than is afforded by the requirements of the Act or regulations issued 
under the Act, and
    (2) Does not unreasonably burden commerce.
    (b) Each application filed under this section for a waiver of 
preemption determination must:
    (1) Be submitted to the Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave.,

[[Page 722]]

SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. Attention: Office of the Chief Counsel, 
Enforcement and Litigation Division (MC-CCE);
    (2) Set forth a detailed description of the highway routing 
designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe 
for which the determination is being sought;
    (3) Include a copy of any relevant court order or determination 
issued pursuant to Sec.  397.211;
    (4) Contain an express acknowledgment by the applicant that the 
highway routing designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, 
or Indian tribe is preempted under the Act or the regulations issued 
under the Act, unless it has been so determined by a court of competent 
jurisdiction or in a determination issued under this subpart;
    (5) Specify each provision of the Act or the regulations issued 
under the Act that preempts the highway routing designation of the 
State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe;
    (6) State why the applicant believes that the highway routing 
designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe 
affords an equal or greater level of protection to the public than is 
afforded by the requirements of the Act or the regulations issued under 
the Act;
    (7) State why the applicant believes that the highway routing 
designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe 
does not unreasonably burden commerce; and
    (8) Specify what steps the State, political subdivision thereof, or 
Indian tribe is taking to administer and enforce effectively the 
preempted requirement.

[57 FR 44132, Sept. 24, 1992, as amended at 66 FR 49874, Oct. 1, 2001; 
72 FR 55703, Oct. 1, 2007; 78 FR 58486, Sept. 24, 2013]



Sec.  397.215  Waiver notice.

    (a) The applicant State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian 
tribe shall mail a copy of the application and any subsequent amendments 
or other documents relating to the application to each person whom the 
applicant reasonably ascertains will be affected by the determination 
sought. The copy of the application must be accompanied by a statement 
that the person may submit comments regarding the application to the 
Administrator within 45 days. The application filed with the 
Administrator must include a certification that the application complies 
with this paragraph and must include the names and addresses of each 
person to whom the application was sent.
    (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, 
if the State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe determines 
that compliance with paragraph (a) of this section would be 
impracticable, the applicant shall:
    (1) Comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section 
with regard to those persons whom it is reasonable and practicable to 
notify; and
    (2) Include with the application filed with the Administrator a 
description of the persons or class or classes of persons to whom notice 
was not sent.
    (c) The Administrator may require the applicant to provide notice in 
addition to that required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, or 
may determine that the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section 
is not impracticable, or that notice should be published in the Federal 
Register.
    (d) The Administrator may serve notice on any other persons readily 
identifiable by the Administrator as persons who will be affected by the 
determination sought and may afford those persons an opportunity to file 
written comments on the application.
    (e) Any person submitting written comments to the Administrator with 
respect to an application filed under this section shall send a copy of 
the comments to the applicant. The person shall certify to the 
Administrator that he or she has complied with the requirements of this 
paragraph. The Administrator may notify other persons participating in 
the proceeding of the comments and provide an opportunity for those 
other persons to respond.

[57 FR 44132, Sept. 24, 1992, as amended at 80 FR 59075, Oct. 1, 2015]



Sec.  397.217  Waiver processing.

    (a) The Administrator may initiate an investigation of any statement 
in an application and utilize any relevant facts obtained by that 
investigation.

[[Page 723]]

The Administrator may solicit and accept submissions from third persons 
relevant to an application and will provide the applicant an opportunity 
to respond to all third person submissions. In evaluating an 
application, the Administrator may convene a hearing or conference, if a 
hearing or conference will advance the evaluation of the application.
    (b) The Administrator may dismiss the application without prejudice 
if:
    (1) he or she determines that there is insufficient information upon 
which to base a determination;
    (2) Upon his or her request, additional information is not submitted 
by the applicant; or
    (3) The applicant fails to provide the notice required by this 
subpart.
    (c) Except as provided in this subpart, the Administrator will only 
consider an application for a waiver of preemption determination if:
    (1) The applicant expressly acknowledges in its application that the 
highway routing designation of the State, political subdivision thereof, 
or Indian tribe for which the determination is sought is preempted by 
the Act or the regulations thereunder; or
    (2) The highway routing designation of the State, political 
subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe has been determined by a court of 
competent jurisdiction or in a determination issued pursuant to Sec.  
397.211 to be preempted by the Act or the regulations issued thereunder.
    (d) When the Administrator has received all substantive information 
necessary to process an application for a waiver of preemption 
determination, notice of that fact will be served upon the applicant. 
Additional notice to all other persons who received notice of the 
proceeding may be served by publishing a notice in the Federal Register.



Sec.  397.219  Waiver determination and order.

    (a) Upon consideration of the application and other relevant 
information received or obtained during the proceeding, the 
Administrator issues an order setting forth his or her determination.
    (b) The Administrator may issue a waiver of preemption order only if 
he or she finds that the requirement of the State, political subdivision 
thereof, or Indian tribe affords the public a level of safety at least 
equal to that afforded by the requirements of the Act and the 
regulations issued under the Act and does not unreasonably burden 
commerce. In determining whether the requirement of the State, political 
subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe unreasonably burdens commerce, the 
Administrator may consider the following factors:
    (1) The extent to which increased costs and impairment of efficiency 
result from the highway routing designation of the State, political 
subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe;
    (2) Whether the highway routing designation of the State, political 
subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe has a rational basis;
    (3) Whether the highway routing designation of the State, political 
subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe achieves its stated purpose; and
    (4) Whether there is need for uniformity with regard to the subject 
concerned and if so, whether the highway routing designation of the 
State, political subdivision thereof, or Indian tribe competes or 
conflicts with those of other States, political subdivisions thereof, or 
Indian tribes.
    (c) The order includes a written statement setting forth the 
relevant facts and the legal basis for the determination, and provides 
that any person aggrieved by the order may file a petition for 
reconsideration in accordance with Sec.  397.223.
    (d) The Administrator serves a copy of the order upon the applicant, 
any other person who participated in the proceeding and upon any other 
person readily identifiable by the Administrator as one who may be 
affected by the order. A copy of each order is placed on file in the 
public docket. The Administrator may publish the order or notice of the 
order in the Federal Register.
    (e) If no petition for reconsideration is filed within 20 days in 
accordance with Sec.  397.223, an order issued under

[[Page 724]]

this section constitutes the final agency decision regarding whether a 
particular requirement of a State, political subdivision thereof, or 
Indian tribe is preempted under the Act or any regulations issued 
thereunder, or whether preemption is waived.



Sec.  397.221  Timeliness.

    If the Administrator fails to take action on the application within 
90 days of serving the notice required by Sec.  397.217(d), the 
applicant may treat the application as having been denied in all 
respects.



Sec.  397.223  Petition for reconsideration.

    (a) Any person aggrieved by an order issued under Sec.  397.211 or 
Sec.  397.219 may file a petition for reconsideration with the 
Administrator. The petition must be filed within 20 days of service of 
the determination or order issued under the above sections.
    (b) The petition must contain a concise statement of the basis for 
seeking reconsideration, including any specific factual or legal errors, 
or material information not previously available.
    (c) The petitioner shall mail a copy of the petition to each person 
who participated, either as an applicant or routing, in the waiver of 
preemption proceeding, accompanied by a statement that the person may 
submit comments concerning the petition to the Administrator within 20 
days. The petition filed with the Administrator must contain a 
certification that the petitioner has complied with this paragraph and 
include the names and addresses of all persons to whom a copy of the 
petition was sent.
    (d) The Administrator's decision under this section constitutes the 
final agency decision. If no petition for reconsideration is filed under 
this section, then the determination issued under Sec.  397.211 or Sec.  
397.219 becomes the final agency decision at the end of the 20 day 
period.



Sec.  397.225  Judicial review.

    A party to a proceeding under Sec.  397.205(a), Sec.  397.213(a), or 
Sec.  397.223(a) may seek review by the appropriate district court of 
the United States of the decision of the Administrator under such 
proceeding only by filing a petition with such court within 60 days 
after the final agency decision.



PART 398_TRANSPORTATION OF MIGRANT WORKERS--Table of Contents



Sec.
398.1 Definitions.
398.2 Applicability.
398.3 Qualifications of drivers or operators.
398.4 Driving of motor vehicles.
398.5 Parts and accessories necessary for safe operation.
398.6 Hours of service of drivers; maximum driving time.
398.7 Inspection and maintenance of motor vehicles.
398.8 Administration inspection of motor vehicles in operation.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 13301, 13902, 31132, 31133, 31136, 31502, 
31504; sec. 204, Pub. L. 104-88, 109 Stat. 803, 941; sec. 212, Pub. L. 
106-159, 113 Stat. 1748, 1766; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 33 FR 19765, Dec. 25, 1968, unless otherwise noted.

    Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 398 appear at 66 FR 
49875, Oct. 1, 2001.



Sec.  398.1  Definitions.

    (a) Migrant worker. ``Migrant worker'' means any individual 
proceeding to or returning from employment in agriculture as defined in 
section 3(f) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended (29 
U.S.C. 203(f)) or section 3121(g) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 
(26 U.S.C. 3121(g)).
    (b) Carrier of migrant workers by motor vehicle. ``Carrier of 
migrant worker by motor vehicle'' means any person, including any for-
hire, non-exempt motor carrier conducting contract carriage operations 
as defined in 49 U.S.C. 13102(4)(B), but not including any for-hire, 
non-exempt motor carrier subject to other requirements in 49 U.S.C. 
subtitle IV, part B besides contract carriage operations, who or which 
transports in interstate or foreign commerce at any one time three or 
more migrant workers to or from their employment by any motor vehicle 
other than a passenger automobile or station wagon, except a migrant 
worker transporting himself/herself or his/her immediate family.
    (c) Motor carrier. ``Motor carrier'' means any carrier of migrant 
workers by motor vehicle as defined in paragraph (b) of this section.

[[Page 725]]

    (d) Motor vehicle. ``Motor vehicle'' means any vehicle, machine, 
tractor, trailer, or semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power 
and used upon the highways in the transportation of passengers or 
property, or any combination thereof, determined by the Administration, 
but does not include a passenger automobile or station wagon, any 
vehicle, locomotive, or car operated exclusively on a rail or rails, or 
a trolley bus operated by electric power derived from a fixed overhead 
wire, furnishing local passenger transportation in street-railway 
service.
    (e) Bus. ``Bus'' means any motor vehicle designed, constructed, and 
used for the transportation of passengers: Except passenger automobiles 
or station wagons other than taxicabs.
    (f) Truck. ``Truck'' means any self-propelled motor vehicle except a 
truck tractor, designed and constructed primarily for the transportation 
of property.
    (g) Truck tractor. ``Truck tractor'' means a self-propelled motor 
vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing other vehicles and not 
so constructed as to carry a load other than a part of the weight of the 
vehicle and load so drawn.
    (h) Semitrailer. ``Semitrailer'' means any motor vehicle other than 
a ``pole trailer'', with or without motive power designed to be drawn by 
another motor vehicle and so constructed that some part of its weight 
rests upon the towing vehicle.
    (i) Driver or operator. ``Driver or operator'' means any person who 
drives any motor vehicle.
    (j) Highway. ``Highway'' means the entire width between the boundary 
lines of every way publicly maintained when any part thereof is open to 
the use of the public for purposes of vehicular traffic.

[33 FR 19765, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 81 FR 68359, Oct. 4, 2016]



Sec.  398.2  Applicability.

    (a) General. The regulations prescribed in this part are applicable 
to carriers of migrant workers by motor vehicle, as defined in Sec.  
398.1(b), but only in the case of transportation of any migrant worker 
for a total distance of more than 75 miles (120.7 kilometers) in 
interstate commerce, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5.
    (b) Exception. (1) The regulations prescribed in this part are not 
applicable to carriers of migrant workers by motor vehicle, as defined 
in Sec.  398.1(b), when:
    (i) The motor vehicle is designed or used to transport between 9 and 
15 passengers (including the driver);
    (ii) The motor carrier is directly compensated for the 
transportation service; and
    (iii) The vehicle used to transport mirgrant workers is operated 
beyond a 75 air-mile radius (86.3 statute miles or 138.9 kilometers) 
from the driver's normal work-reporting location.
    (2) Carriers of migrant workers by motor vehicle that operate 
vehicles, designed or used to transport between 9 and 15 passengers 
(including the driver) for direct compensation, in interstate commerce, 
must comply with the applicable requirements of 49 CFR parts 385, 390, 
391, 392, 393, 395, and 396, when the motor vehicle is operated beyond a 
75 air-mile radius (86.3 statute miles or 138.9 kilometers) from the 
driver's normal work-reporting location.

[68 FR 47875, Aug. 12, 2003]



Sec.  398.3  Qualifications of drivers or operators.

    (a) Compliance required. Every motor carrier, and its officers, 
agents, representatives and employees who drive motor vehicles or are 
responsible for the hiring, supervision, training, assignment or 
dispatching of drivers shall comply and be conversant with the 
requirements of this part.
    (b) Minimum physical requirements. No person shall drive, nor shall 
any motor carrier require or permit any person to drive, any motor 
vehicle unless such person possesses the following minimum 
qualifications:
    (1) No loss of foot, leg, hand or arm,
    (2) No mental, nervous, organic, or functional disease, likely to 
interfere with safe driving.
    (3) No loss of fingers, impairment of use of foot, leg, fingers, 
hand or arm, or other structural defect or limitation, likely to 
interfere with safe driving.

[[Page 726]]

    (4) Eyesight. Visual acuity of at least 20/40 (Snellen) in each eye 
either without glasses or by correction with glasses; form field of 
vision in the horizontal meridian shall not be less than a total of 140 
degrees; ability to distinguish colors red, green and yellow; drivers 
requiring correction by glasses shall wear properly prescribed glasses 
at all times when driving.
    (5) Hearing. Hearing shall not be less than 10/20 in the better ear, 
for conversational tones, without a hearing aid.
    (6) Liquor, narcotics and drugs. Shall not be addicted to the use of 
narcotics or habit forming drugs, or the excessive use of alcoholic 
beverages or liquors.
    (7) Initial and periodic physical examination of drivers. No person 
shall drive nor shall any motor carrier require or permit any person to 
drive any motor vehicle unless within the immediately preceding 36 month 
period such person shall have been physically examined and shall have 
been certified in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (b)(8) of 
this section by a licensed doctor of medicine or osteopathy as meeting 
the requirements of this subsection.
    (8) Certificate of physical examination. Every motor carrier shall 
have in its files at its principal place of business for every driver 
employed or used by it a legible certificate of a licensed doctor of 
medicine or osteopathy based on a physical examination as required by 
paragraph (b)(7) of this section or a legible copy thereof, and every 
driver shall have in his/her possession while driving, such a 
certificate or a copy thereof covering himself/herself.
    (9) Doctor's certificate. The doctor's certificate shall certify as 
follows:

                          Doctor's Certificate

                       (Driver of Migrant Workers)

    This is to certify that I have this day examined ______________ in 
accordance with Sec.  398.3(b) of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Regulations of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration and that 
I find him/her
    Qualified under said rules [squ]
    Qualified only when wearing glasses [squ]
    I have kept on file in my office a completed examination.

________________________________________________________________________
                                                                  (Date)

                                                                 (Place)

                                         (Signature of examining doctor)
________________________________________________________________________
                                                     (Address of doctor)
Signature of driver_____________________________________________________
Address of driver_______________________________________________________

    (c) Minimum age and experience requirements. No person shall drive, 
nor shall any motor carrier require or permit any person to drive, any 
motor vehicle unless such person possesses the following minimum 
qualifications:
    (1) Age. Minimum age shall be 21 years.
    (2) Driving skill. Experience in driving some type of motor vehicle 
(including private automobiles) for not less than one year, including 
experience throughout the four seasons.
    (3) Knowledge of regulations. Familiarity with the rules and 
regulations prescribed in this part pertaining to the driving of motor 
vehicles.
    (4) Knowledge of English. Every driver shall be able to read and 
speak the English language sufficiently to understand highway traffic 
signs and signals and directions given in English and to respond to 
official inquiries.
    (5) Driver's permit. Possession of a valid permit qualifying the 
driver to operate the type of vehicle driven by him/her in the 
jurisdiction by which the permit is issued.

[33 FR 19765, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 40 FR 44557, Sept. 29, 1975; 
83 FR 16227, Apr. 16, 2018]



Sec.  398.4  Driving of motor vehicles.

    (a) Compliance required. Every motor carrier shall comply with the 
requirements of this part, shall instruct its officers, agents, 
representatives and drivers with respect thereto, and shall take such 
measures as are necessary to ensure compliance therewith by such 
persons. All officers, agents, representatives, drivers, and employees 
of motor carriers directly concerned with the management, maintenance, 
operation, or driving of motor vehicles, shall comply with and be 
conversant with the requirements of this part.
    (b) Driving rules to be obeyed. Every motor vehicle shall be driven 
in accordance with the laws, ordinances, and regulations of the 
jurisdiction in

[[Page 727]]

which it is being operated, unless such laws, ordinances and regulations 
are at variance with specific regulations of this Administration which 
impose a greater affirmative obligation or restraint.
    (c) Driving while ill or fatigued. No driver shall drive or be 
required or permitted to drive a motor vehicle while his/her ability or 
alertness is so impaired through fatigue, illness, or any other cause as 
to make it unsafe for him/her to begin or continue to drive, except in 
case of grave emergency where the hazard to passengers would be 
increased by observance of this section and then only to the nearest 
point at which the safety of passengers is assured.
    (d) Alcoholic beverages. No driver shall drive or be required or 
permitted to drive a motor vehicle, be in active control of any such 
vehicle, or go on duty or remain on duty, when under the influence of 
any alcoholic beverage or liquor, regardless of its alcoholic content, 
nor shall any driver drink any such beverage or liquor while on duty.
    (e) Schedules to conform with speed limits. No motor carrier shall 
permit nor require the operation of any motor vehicle between points in 
such period of time as would necessitate the vehicle being operated at 
speeds greater than those prescribed by the jurisdictions in or through 
which the vehicle is being operated.
    (f) Equipment and emergency devices. No motor vehicle shall be 
driven unless the driver thereof shall have satisfied himself/herself 
that the following parts, accessories, and emergency devices are in good 
working order; nor shall any driver fail to use or make use of such 
parts, accessories, and devices when and as needed:

Service brakes, including trailer brake connections.
    Parking (hand) brake.
    Steering mechanism.
Lighting devices and reflectors.
    Tires.
    Horn.
    Windshield wiper or wipers.
Rear-vision mirror or mirrors.
Coupling devices.
Fire extinguisher, at least one properly mounted.
Road warning devices, at least one red burning fusee and at least three 
flares (oil burning pot torches), red electric lanterns, or red 
emergency reflectors.

    (g) Safe loading--(1) Distribution and securing of load. No motor 
vehicle shall be driven nor shall any motor carrier permit or require 
any motor vehicle to be driven if it is so loaded, or if the load 
thereon is so improperly distributed or so inadequately secured, as to 
prevent its safe operation.
    (2) Doors, tarpaulins, tailgates and other equipment. No motor 
vehicle shall be driven unless the tailgate, tailboard, tarpaulins, 
doors, all equipment and rigging used in the operation of said vehicle, 
and all means of fastening the load, are securely in place.
    (3) Interference with driver. No motor vehicle shall be driven when 
any object obscures his/her view ahead, or to the right or left sides, 
or to the rear, or interferes with the free movement of his/her arms or 
legs, or prevents his/her free and ready access to the accessories 
required for emergencies, or prevents the free and ready exit of any 
person from the cab or driver's compartment.
    (4) Property on motor vehicles. No vehicle transporting persons and 
property shall be driven unless such property is stowed in a manner 
which will assure:
    (i) Unrestricted freedom of motion to the driver for proper 
operation of the vehicle;
    (ii) Unobstructed passage to all exits by any person; and
    (iii) Adequate protection to passengers and others from injury as a 
result of the displacement or falling of such articles.
    (5) Maximum passengers on motor vehicles. No motor vehicle shall be 
driven if the total number of passengers exceeds the seating capacity 
which will be permitted on seats prescribed in Sec.  398.5(f) when that 
section is effective. All passengers carried on such vehicle shall 
remain seated while the motor vehicle is in motion.
    (h) Rest and meal stops. Every carrier shall provide for reasonable 
rest stops at least once between meal stops. Meal stops shall be made at 
intervals not to exceed six hours and shall be for a period of not less 
than 30 minutes duration.
    (i) Kinds of motor vehicles in which workers may be transported. 
Workers may be transported in or on only the

[[Page 728]]

following types of motor vehicles: A bus, a truck with no trailer 
attached, or a semitrailer attached to a truck-tractor provided that no 
other trailer is attached to the semitrailer. Closed vans without 
windows or means to assure ventilation shall not be used.
    (j) Limitation on distance of travel in trucks. Any truck when used 
for the transportation of migrant workers, if such workers are being 
transported in excess of 600 miles, shall be stopped for a period of not 
less than eight consecutive hours either before or upon completion of 
600 miles travel, and either before or upon completion of any subsequent 
600 miles travel to provide rest for drivers and passengers.
    (k) Lighting devices and reflectors. No motor vehicle shall be 
driven when any of the required lamps or reflectors are obscured by the 
tailboard, by any and all lighting devices required by subpart B of part 
393 of this subchapter shall be lighted during darkness or at any other 
time when there is not sufficient light to render vehicles and persons 
visible upon the highway at a distance of 500 feet.
    (l) Ignition of fuel; prevention. No driver or any employee of a 
motor carrier shall:
    (1) Fuel a motor vehicle with the engine running, except when it is 
necessary to run the engine to fuel the vehicle;
    (2) Smoke or expose any open flame in the vicinity of a vehicle 
being fueled;
    (3) Fuel a motor vehicle unless the nozzle of the fuel hose is 
continuously in contact with the intake pipe of the fuel tank;
    (4) Permit any other person to engage in such activities as would be 
likely to result in fire or explosion.
    (m) Reserve fuel. No supply of fuel for the propulsion of any motor 
vehicle or for the operation of any accessory thereof shall be carried 
on the motor vehicle except in a properly mounted fuel tank or tanks.
    (n) Driving by unauthorized person. Except in case of emergency, no 
driver shall permit a motor vehicle to which he/she is assigned to be 
driven by any person not authorized to drive such vehicle by the motor 
carrier in control thereof.
    (o) Protection of passengers from weather. No motor vehicle shall be 
driven while transporting passengers unless the passengers therein are 
protected from inclement weather conditions such as rain, snow, or 
sleet, by use of the top or protective devices required by Sec.  
398.5(f).
    (p) Unattended vehicles; precautions. No motor vehicle shall be left 
unattended by the driver until the parking brake has been securely set, 
the wheels chocked, and all reasonable precautions have been taken to 
prevent the movement of such vehicle.
    (q) Railroad grade crossings; stopping required; sign on rear of 
vehicle. Every motor vehicle shall, upon approaching any railroad grade 
crossing, make a full stop not more than 50 feet, nor less than 15 feet 
from the nearest rail of such railroad grade crossing, and shall not 
proceed until due caution has been taken to ascertain that the course is 
clear; except that a full stop need not be made at:
    (1) A street car crossing within a business or residence district of 
a municipality;
    (2) A railroad grade crossing where a police officer or a traffic-
control signal (not a railroad flashing signal) directs traffic to 
proceed;
    (3) An abandoned or exempted grade crossing which is clearly marked 
as such by or with the consent of the proper state authority, when such 
marking can be read from the driver's position.


All such motor vehicles shall display a sign on the rear reading, ``This 
Vehicle Stops at Railroad Crossings.''

[33 FR 19765, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 40 FR 44557, Sept. 29, 1975; 
86 FR 57077, Oct. 14, 2021]



Sec.  398.5  Parts and accessories necessary for safe operation.

    (a) Compliance. Every motor carrier and its officers, agents, 
drivers, representatives and employees directly concerned with the 
installation and maintenance of equipment and accessories shall comply 
and be conversant with the requirements and specifications of this part, 
and no motor carrier shall operate any motor vehicle, or

[[Page 729]]

cause or permit it to be operated, unless it is equipped in accordance 
with said requirements and specifications.
    (b) Lighting devices. Every motor vehicle shall be equipped with the 
lighting devices and reflectors required by subpart B of part 393 of 
this subchapter.
    (c) Brakes. Every motor vehicle shall be equipped with brakes as 
required by subpart C of part 393 of this subchapter, except Sec.  
393.44 of this subchapter, and shall satisfy the braking performance 
requirements contained therein.
    (d) Coupling devices; fifth wheel mounting and locking. The lower 
half of every fifth wheel mounted on any truck-tractor or dolly shall be 
securely affixed to the frame thereof by U-bolts of adequate size, 
securely tightened, or by other means providing at least equivalent 
security. Such U-bolts shall not be of welded construction. The 
installation shall be such as not to cause cracking, warping, or 
deformation of the frame. Adequate means shall be provided positively to 
prevent the shifting of the lower half of a fifth wheel on the frame to 
which it is attached. The upper half of every fifth wheel shall be 
fastened to the motor vehicle with at least the security required for 
the securing of the lower half to a truck-tractor or dolly. Locking 
means shall be provided in every fifth wheel mechanism including 
adapters when used, so that the upper and lower halves may not be 
separated without the operation of a positive manual release. A release 
mechanism operated by the driver from the cab shall be deemed to meet 
this requirement. On fifth wheels designed and constructed as to be 
readily separable, the fifth wheel locking devices shall apply 
automatically on coupling for any motor vehicle the date of manufacture 
of which is subsequent to December 31, 1952.
    (e) Tires. Every motor vehicle shall be equipped with tires of 
adequate capacity to support its gross weight. No motor vehicle shall be 
operated on tires which have been worn so smooth as to expose any tread 
fabric or which have any other defect likely to cause failure. No 
vehicle shall be operated while transporting passengers while using any 
tire which does not have tread configurations on that part of the tire 
which is in contact with the road surface. No vehicle transporting 
passengers shall be operated with re-grooved, re-capped, or re-treaded 
tires on front wheels.
    (f) Passenger compartment. Every motor vehicle transporting 
passengers, other than a bus, shall have a passenger compartment meeting 
the following requirements:
    (1) Floors. A substantially smooth floor, without protruding 
obstructions more than two inches high, except as are necessary for 
securing seats or other devices to the floor, and without cracks or 
holes.
    (2) Sides. Side walls and ends above the floor at least 60 inches 
high, by attachment of sideboards to the permanent body construction if 
necessary. Stake body construction shall be construed to comply with 
this requirement only if all six-inch or larger spaces between stakes 
are suitably closed to prevent passengers from falling off the vehicle.
    (3) Nails, screws, splinters. The floor and the interior of the 
sides and ends of the passenger-carrying space shall be free of inwardly 
protruding nails, screws, splinters, or other projecting objects likely 
to be injurious to passengers or their apparel.
    (4) Seats. On and after November 1, 1957, a seat shall be provided 
for each worker transported. The seats shall be: Securely attached to 
the vehicle during the course of transportation; not less than 16 inches 
nor more than 19 inches above the floor; at least 13 inches deep; 
equipped with backrests extending to a height of at least 36 inches 
above the floor, with at least 24 inches of space between the backrests 
or between the edges of the opposite seats when face to face; designed 
to provide at least 18 inches of seat for each passenger; without cracks 
more than two inches wide, and the exposed surfaces, if made of wood, 
planed or sanded smooth and free of splinters.
    (5) Protection from weather. Whenever necessary to protect the 
passengers from inclement weather conditions, be equipped with a top at 
least 80 inches high above the floor and facilities for

[[Page 730]]

closing the sides and ends of the passenger-carrying compartment. 
Tarpaulins or other such removable devices for protection from the 
weather shall be secured in place.
    (6) Exit. Adequate means of ingress and egress to and from the 
passenger space shall be provided on the rear or at the right side. Such 
means of ingress and egress shall be at least 18 inches wide. The top 
and the clear opening shall be at least 60 inches high, or as high as 
the side wall of the passenger space if less than 60 inches. The bottom 
shall be at the floor of the passenger space.
    (7) Gates and doors. Gates or doors shall be provided to close the 
means of ingress and egress and each such gate or door shall be equipped 
with at least one latch or other fastening device of such construction 
as to keep the gate or door securely closed during the course of 
transportation; and readily operative without the use of tools.
    (8) Ladders or steps. Ladders or steps for the purpose of ingress or 
egress shall be used when necessary. The maximum verticle spacing of 
footholds shall not exceed 12 inches, except that the lowest step may be 
not more than 18 inches above the ground when the vehicle is empty.
    (9) Hand holds. Hand holds or devices for similar purpose shall be 
provided to permit ingress and egress without hazard to passengers.
    (10) Emergency exit. Vehicles with permanently affixed roofs shall 
be equipped with at least one emergency exit having a gate or door, 
latch and hand hold as prescribed in paragraphs (f) (7) and (9) of this 
section and located on a side or rear not equipped with the exit 
prescribed in paragraph (f)(6) of this section.
    (11) Communication with driver. Means shall be provided to enable 
the passengers to communicate with the driver. Such means may include 
telephone, speaker tubes, buzzers, pull cords, or other mechanical or 
electrical means.
    (g) Protection from cold. Every motor vehicle shall be provided with 
a safe means of protecting passengers from cold or undue exposure, but 
in no event shall heaters of the following types be used:
    (1) Exhaust heaters. Any type of exhaust heater in which the engine 
exhaust gases are conducted into or through any space occupied by 
persons or any heater which conducts engine compartment air into any 
such space.
    (2) Unenclosed flame heaters. Any type of heater employing a flame 
which is not fully enclosed.
    (3) Heaters permitting fuel leakage. Any type of heater from the 
burner of which there could be spillage or leakage of fuel upon the 
tilting or overturning of the vehicle in which it is mounted.
    (4) Heaters permitting air contamination. Any heater taking air, 
heated or to be heated, from the engine compartment or from direct 
contact with any portion of the exhaust system; or any heater taking air 
in ducts from the outside atmosphere to be conveyed through the engine 
compartment, unless said ducts are so constructed and installed as to 
prevent contamination of the air so conveyed by exhaust or engine 
compartment gases.
    (5) Any heater not securely fastened to the vehicle.

[33 FR 19765, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012]



Sec.  398.6  Hours of service of drivers; maximum driving time.

    No person shall drive nor shall any motor carrier permit or require 
a driver employed or used by it to drive or operate for more than 10 
hours in the aggregate (excluding rest stops and stops for meals) in any 
period of 24 consecutive hours, unless such driver be afforded eight 
consecutive hours rest immediately following the 10 hours aggregate 
driving. The term ``24 consecutive hours'' as used in this part means 
any such period starting at the time the driver reports for duty.



Sec.  398.7  Inspection and maintenance of motor vehicles.

    Every motor carrier shall systematically inspect and maintain or 
cause to be systematically maintained, all motor vehicles and their 
accessories subject to its control, to ensure that such motor vehicles 
and accessories are in safe and proper operating condition.

[33 FR 19765, Dec. 25, 1968, as amended at 86 FR 57077, Oct. 14, 2021]

[[Page 731]]



Sec.  398.8  Administration inspection of motor vehicles in operation.

    (a) Administration personnel authorized to perform inspections. All 
persons designated as Special Agents of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration, as detailed in Appendix B of chapter III of this title, 
are authorized to enter upon and perform inspections of motor carrier's 
vehicles in operation.
    (b) Prescribed inspection report. The ``Driver/Vehicle Examination 
Report'' shall be used to record findings from motor vehicles selected 
for final inspection by authorized Administration employees.
    (c) Motor vehicles declared ``out of service.'' (1) Authorized 
Administration employees shall declare and mark ``out of service'' any 
motor vehicle which by reason of its mechanical condition or loading is 
so imminently hazardous to operate as to be likely to cause an accident 
or a breakdown. The ``Out of Service Vehicle'' sticker shall be used to 
mark vehicles ``out of service.''
    (2) No motor carrier shall require or permit any person to operate 
nor shall any person operate any motor vehicle declared and marked, 
``out of service'' until all repairs required by the ``out of service 
notice'' on the ``Driver/Vehicle Examination Report'' have been 
satisfactorily completed. The term ``operate'' as used in this section 
shall include towing the vehicle; provided, however, that vehicles 
marked ``out of service'' may be towed away by means of a vehicle using 
a crane or hoist; and provided further, that the vehicle combination 
consisting of the emergency towing vehicle and the ``out of service'' 
vehicle meets the performance requirements of Sec.  393.52 of this 
subchapter.
    (3) No person shall remove the ``Out of Service Vehicle'' sticker 
from any motor vehicle prior to completion of all repairs required by 
the ``out of service notice'' on the ``Driver/Vehicle Examination 
Report.''
    (4) The person or persons completing the repairs required by the 
``out of service notice'' shall sign the ``Certification of Repairman'' 
in accordance with the terms prescribed on the ``Driver/Vehicle 
Examination Report,'' entering the name of his/her shop or garage and 
the date and time the required repairs were completed. If the driver 
completes the required repairs, he/she shall sign and complete the 
``Certification of Repairman.''
    (d) Motor carrier's disposition of the ``Driver/Vehicle Examination 
Report.'' (1) Motor carriers shall carefully examine the ``Driver/
Vehicle Examination Reports.'' Any and all violations or mechanical 
defects noted thereon shall be corrected. To the extent drivers are 
shown not to be in compliance with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Regulations, appropriate corrective action shall be taken by the motor 
carrier.
    (2) Motor carriers shall complete the ``Motor Carrier Certification 
of Action Taken'' on the ``Driver/Vehicle Examination Report'' in 
accordance with the terms prescribed thereon. Motor carriers shall 
return the ``Driver/Vehicle Examination Reports'' to the address 
indicated on the report within fifteen (15) days following the date of 
the vehicle inspection.

[83 FR 22881, May 17, 2018]



PART 399_EMPLOYEE SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS--Table of Contents



Subparts A-K [Reserved]

  Subpart L_Step, Handhold, and Deck Requirements for Commercial Motor 
                                Vehicles

Sec.
399.201 Purpose and scope.
399.203 Applicability.
399.205 Definitions.
399.207 Truck and truck-tractor access requirements.
399.209 Test procedures.
399.211 Maintenance.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 31502; and 49 CFR 1.87.

    Source: 44 FR 43732, July 26, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

Subparts A-K [Reserved]



  Subpart L_Step, Handhold, and Deck Requirements for Commercial Motor 
                                Vehicles



Sec.  399.201  Purpose and scope.

    This subpart prescribes step, handhold, and deck requirements on 
commercial motor vehicles. These requirements are intended to enhance 
the safety of motor carrier employees.

[[Page 732]]



Sec.  399.203  Applicability.

    This subpart applies to all trucks and truck-tractors, having a high 
profile cab-over-engine (COE) configuration, for entrance, egress and 
back of cab access, manufactured on and after September 1, 1982.

[44 FR 43732, July 26, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 56799, Nov. 19, 1981]



Sec.  399.205  Definitions.

    Cab-over-engine (COE) A truck or truck-tractor having all, or the 
front portion, of the engine under the cab.
    COE--High profile A COE having the door sill step above the height 
of the front tires.
    Deck plate A horizontal surface designed to provide a person with 
stable footing for the performance of work such as the connection and 
disconnection of air and electrical lines, gaining access to 
permanently-mounted equipment or machinery or for similar needs.
    Door sill step Any step normally protected from the elements by the 
cab door when closed.
    Effective peripheral grip Any shaped surface, free of sharp edges, 
in which a full grasp can be made to secure a handhold by a person.
    Fingertip grasp A handhold surface which provides a person contact 
restricted to finger segments 1 and/or 2 only; or which limits wrap-
around closure of finger segment 1 with the palm of the hand to 90 
degrees as shown in Illustration I.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.036

    Full grasp A handhold surface which provides a person contact with 
finger segments 2 and 3 and which provides space for finger segment 1 to 
wrap around toward the palm of the hand beyond the 90-degree surface 
restriction shown in Illustration I. The handhold need not require 
contact between fingers and thumb. For example, the hand position shown 
in Illustration II qualifies as full grasp.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.037

    Ground The flat horizontal surface on which the tires of a motor 
vehicle rest.
    Handhold That which qualifies as providing full grasp if a person is 
able

[[Page 733]]

to find a hand position on the handhold which allows more than fingertip 
grasp.
    Handprint The surface area contacted by the hand when grasping a 
handhold. The size of this area is the width of the hand across the 
metacarpal and half the circumference of the handhold. The hand breadth 
of the typical person is 88.9 millimeters (3.5 inches).
    Person Any individual within the 5th percentile female adult through 
the 95th percentile male adult of anthropometric measures as described 
by the 1962 Health Examination Survey, ``Weight, Height and Selected 
Body Dimensions of Adults, United States 1960-1962'' which is 
incorporated by reference. It is Public Health Service publication No. 
1000-Series 11-No. 8 and is for sale from the U.S. Department of 
Commerce, National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, 
Springfield, Virginia 22161. When ordering use NTIS Accession No. PB 
267174. It is also available for inspection at the National Archives and 
Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of 
this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://
www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/
ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the 
Director of the Federal Register on July 17, 1979. These materials are 
incorporated as they exist on the date of the approval and a notice of 
any change in these materials will be published in the Federal Register.
    Slip resistant material Any material designed to minimize the 
accumulation of grease, ice, mud or other debris and afford protection 
from accidental slipping.



Sec.  399.207  Truck and truck-tractor access requirements.

    (a) General rule. Any person entering or exiting the cab or 
accessing the rear portion of a high profile COE truck or truck-tractor 
shall be afforded sufficient steps and handholds, and/or deck plates to 
allow the user to have at least 3 limbs in contact with the truck or 
truck-tractor at any time. This rule applies to intermediate positions 
as well as transition between intermediate positions. To allow for 
changes in climbing sequence, the step design shall include, as a 
minimum, one intermediate step of sufficient size to accommodate two 
feet. Exception. If air and electrical connections necessary to couple 
or uncouple a truck-tractor from a trailer are accessible from the 
ground, no step, handholds or deck plates are required to permit access 
to the rear of the cab.
    (b) Performance requirements. All high profile COE trucks or truck-
tractors shall be equipped on each side of the vehicle where a seat is 
located, with a sufficient number of steps and handholds to conform with 
the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and shall meet the 
performance requirements:
    (1) Vertical height. All measurements of vertical height shall be 
made from ground level with the vehicle at unladen weight.
    (2) Distance between steps. The distance between steps, up to and 
including the door sill step, shall provide any person a stable resting 
position which can be sustained without body motion and by exerting no 
more arm force than 35 percent of the person's body weight per grasp 
during all stages of entry and exit. This criterion applies to 
intermediate positions as well as transition between intermediate 
positions above ground level.
    (i) When the ground provides the person foot support during entry or 
is the final step in the sequence during exit, and the step is 508 
millimeters (20 inches) or more above ground, the stable resting 
position shall be achievable by the person using both hands to grasp the 
handhold(s) and requiring no more arm force than 35 percent of body 
weight per grasp.
    (ii) The vertical height of the first step shall be no more than 609 
millimeters (24 inches) from ground level.
    (3) Construction. Each step or deck plate shall be of a slip 
resistant design which minimizes the accumulation of foreign material. 
Wherever practicable, a self-cleaning material should be used.
    (4) Foot accommodation. Step depth or clearance and step width 
necessary to accommodate a climbing person are defined by using a 
minimum 127 millimeter (5 inch) diameter disc as shown in Illustration 
III.

[[Page 734]]

    (i) Single foot accommodation. The disc shall fit on a tread rung, 
or in a step recess, with no exterior overhang.
    (ii) Two-foot accommodation. Two discs shall fit on a tread rung, or 
in a step recess, with no exterior overhang.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AP91.038

    Note: The 127 millimeter (5 inch) disc is only intended to test for 
a minimum depth and width requirement. The step need not retain the disc 
at rest.

    (5) Step strength. Each step must withstand a vertical static load 
of at least 204 kilograms (450 pounds) uniformly distributed over any 
127 millimeter (5 inch) increment of step width.
    (6) Handhold location. A handhold must be located within the reach 
of any person entering or exiting the vehicle.
    (7) Exterior mounting specifications for handholds. Each handhold, 
affixed to the exterior of the vehicle, shall have at least 38 
millimeters (1.5 inches) clearance between the handhold and the surface 
to which it is mounted for the distance between its mounting points.
    (8) Handhold size and shape. Each handhold shall be free of sharp 
edges (minimum 1 millimeter [0.04 inch] radius) and have an effective 
peripheral grip length that permits full grasp by any person.
    (9) Handhold strength. Each handhold shall withstand a horizontal 
static load of at least 114 kilograms (250 pounds) uniformly distributed 
over the area of a hand print and applied away from the mounting 
surface.
    (10) Deck plates. Deck plates shall be on the rear of a truck-
tractor as necessary to couple or uncouple air and/or electrical 
connections.
    (11) Deck plate strength. Each deck plate shall be capable of 
withstanding the vertical static load of at least 205 kilograms (450 
pounds) uniformly distributed over a 127 millimeter (5 inch) diameter 
disc.



Sec.  399.209  Test procedures.

    (a) The force exerted on a handhold will be measured using a 
handheld spring scale or force transducer which can be attached to the 
vehicle and is free to rotate into alignment with a person's hand 
position.
    (b) Hand grasp will be evaluated by observing the handgrip of any 
individual who conforms with the definition of ``person'' appearing in 
Sec.  399.205 of this subpart.



Sec.  399.211  Maintenance.

    All steps, handholds, and/or deck plates required by this subpart 
shall be adequately maintained to serve their intended function.



        Sec. Appendix A to Subchapter B of Chapter III [Reserved]



     Sec. Appendix B to Subchapter B of Chapter III--Special Agents

    Cautionary note: This appendix relates only to Federal authority to 
enforce the regulations in this subchapter. In its present

[[Page 735]]

form, it has no application for the States and is not to be included in 
any adoption of these regulations by State authorities as a condition of 
eligibility for grants under part 350 of this chapter.

    1. Authority. Persons appointed as special agents of the Federal 
Motor Carrier Safety Administration (``Administration''), are authorized 
to enter upon, to inspect, and to examine any and all lands, buildings, 
and equipment of motor carriers and other persons subject to the 
Interstate Commerce Act, the Department of Transportation Act, and other 
related Acts, and to inspect and copy any and all accounts, books, 
records, memoranda, correspondence, and other documents of such carriers 
and other persons.
    2. Compliance. Motor carriers and other persons subject to these 
Acts shall submit their accounts, books, records, memoranda, 
correspondence, and other documents for inspection and copying, and they 
shall submit their lands, buildings, and equipment for examination and 
inspection, to any special agent of the Administration upon demand and 
display of an Administration credential, either in person or in writing, 
identifying him/her as a special agent.
    3. Definition of Special Agent. Special agents are Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) employees who are identified by 
credentials issued by the FMCSA authorizing them to enforce 42 U.S.C. 
4917 and to exercise relevant authority of the Secretary of 
Transportation under 49 U.S.C. 113, chapters 5, 51, 57, 131-149, 311, 
313, and 315 and other statutes, as delegated to FMCSA by 49 CFR 1.87, 
and under regulations issued on the authority of those statutes. Special 
agents are authorized to inspect and copy records and to inspect and 
examine land, buildings, and equipment in the manner and to the extent 
provided by law.
    4. Facsimile of the Administration Credential:

                        United States of America

Department of Transportation Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

    This is to certify that ____________ whose photograph and signature 
appear hereon is duly accredited as ____________ with authority to enter 
upon, to inspect, and examine lands, buildings, and equipment, and to 
inspect and copy records and papers of carriers and other persons, in 
performance of his/her duties under the Department of Transportation 
Act, related acts, and regulations of the Department.
    By direction of the Secretary

    (Certifying Authority) (Bearer)

(49 U.S.C. 504, 5121, 14122, 31502 and 31503; and 49 CFR 1.87)

[35 FR 1016, Jan. 24, 1970, as amended at 36 FR 16067, Aug. 19, 1971; 43 
FR 20011, May 10, 1978; 44 FR 46425, July 10, 1980; 49 FR 38290, Sept. 
28, 1984; 60 FR 38749, July 28, 1995; 61 FR 1843, Jan. 24, 1996; 66 FR 
49875, Oct. 1, 2001; 77 FR 59828, Oct. 1, 2012; 78 FR 60234, Oct. 1, 
2013]



      Sec. Appendixes C-E to Subchapter B of Chapter III [Reserved]

[[Page 737]]



                              FINDING AIDS




  --------------------------------------------------------------------

  A list of CFR titles, subtitles, chapters, subchapters and parts and 
an alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are included in 
the CFR Index and Finding Aids volume to the Code of Federal Regulations 
which is published separately and revised annually.

  Table of CFR Titles and Chapters
  Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR
  List of CFR Sections Affected

[[Page 739]]



                    Table of CFR Titles and Chapters




                     (Revised as of October 1, 2023)

                      Title 1--General Provisions

         I  Administrative Committee of the Federal Register 
                (Parts 1--49)
        II  Office of the Federal Register (Parts 50--299)
       III  Administrative Conference of the United States (Parts 
                300--399)
        IV  Miscellaneous Agencies (Parts 400--599)
        VI  National Capital Planning Commission (Parts 600--699)

                    Title 2--Grants and Agreements

            Subtitle A--Office of Management and Budget Guidance 
                for Grants and Agreements
         I  Office of Management and Budget Governmentwide 
                Guidance for Grants and Agreements (Parts 2--199)
        II  Office of Management and Budget Guidance (Parts 200--
                299)
            Subtitle B--Federal Agency Regulations for Grants and 
                Agreements
       III  Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 300--
                399)
        IV  Department of Agriculture (Parts 400--499)
        VI  Department of State (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Agency for International Development (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Department of Energy (Parts 900--999)
         X  Department of the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  Department of Defense (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  Department of Transportation (Parts 1200--1299)
      XIII  Department of Commerce (Parts 1300--1399)
       XIV  Department of the Interior (Parts 1400--1499)
        XV  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1500--1599)
     XVIII  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                1800--1899)
        XX  United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 
                2000--2099)
      XXII  Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 
                2200--2299)
     XXIII  Social Security Administration (Parts 2300--2399)
      XXIV  Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                2400--2499)
       XXV  National Science Foundation (Parts 2500--2599)
      XXVI  National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 
                2600--2699)

[[Page 740]]

     XXVII  Small Business Administration (Parts 2700--2799)
    XXVIII  Department of Justice (Parts 2800--2899)
      XXIX  Department of Labor (Parts 2900--2999)
       XXX  Department of Homeland Security (Parts 3000--3099)
      XXXI  Institute of Museum and Library Services (Parts 3100--
                3199)
     XXXII  National Endowment for the Arts (Parts 3200--3299)
    XXXIII  National Endowment for the Humanities (Parts 3300--
                3399)
     XXXIV  Department of Education (Parts 3400--3499)
      XXXV  Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 3500--
                3599)
     XXXVI  Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive 
                Office of the President (Parts 3600--3699)
    XXXVII  Peace Corps (Parts 3700--3799)
     LVIII  Election Assistance Commission (Parts 5800--5899)
       LIX  Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council (Parts 5900--
                5999)
        LX  Federal Communications Commission (Parts 6000--6099)

                        Title 3--The President

         I  Executive Office of the President (Parts 100--199)

                           Title 4--Accounts

         I  Government Accountability Office (Parts 1--199)

                   Title 5--Administrative Personnel

         I  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1--1199)
        II  Merit Systems Protection Board (Parts 1200--1299)
       III  Office of Management and Budget (Parts 1300--1399)
        IV  Office of Personnel Management and Office of the 
                Director of National Intelligence (Parts 1400--
                1499)
         V  The International Organizations Employees Loyalty 
                Board (Parts 1500--1599)
        VI  Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Parts 
                1600--1699)
      VIII  Office of Special Counsel (Parts 1800--1899)
        IX  Appalachian Regional Commission (Parts 1900--1999)
        XI  Armed Forces Retirement Home (Parts 2100--2199)
       XIV  Federal Labor Relations Authority, General Counsel of 
                the Federal Labor Relations Authority and Federal 
                Service Impasses Panel (Parts 2400--2499)
       XVI  Office of Government Ethics (Parts 2600--2699)
       XXI  Department of the Treasury (Parts 3100--3199)
      XXII  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Parts 3200--
                3299)
     XXIII  Department of Energy (Parts 3300--3399)
      XXIV  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Parts 3400--
                3499)
       XXV  Department of the Interior (Parts 3500--3599)

[[Page 741]]

      XXVI  Department of Defense (Parts 3600--3699)
    XXVIII  Department of Justice (Parts 3800--3899)
      XXIX  Federal Communications Commission (Parts 3900--3999)
       XXX  Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 4000--
                4099)
      XXXI  Farm Credit Administration (Parts 4100--4199)
    XXXIII  U.S. International Development Finance Corporation 
                (Parts 4300--4399)
     XXXIV  Securities and Exchange Commission (Parts 4400--4499)
      XXXV  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 4500--4599)
     XXXVI  Department of Homeland Security (Parts 4600--4699)
    XXXVII  Federal Election Commission (Parts 4700--4799)
        XL  Interstate Commerce Commission (Parts 5000--5099)
       XLI  Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Parts 5100--
                5199)
      XLII  Department of Labor (Parts 5200--5299)
     XLIII  National Science Foundation (Parts 5300--5399)
       XLV  Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 5500--
                5599)
      XLVI  Postal Rate Commission (Parts 5600--5699)
     XLVII  Federal Trade Commission (Parts 5700--5799)
    XLVIII  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 5800--5899)
      XLIX  Federal Labor Relations Authority (Parts 5900--5999)
         L  Department of Transportation (Parts 6000--6099)
       LII  Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 6200--
                6299)
      LIII  Department of Education (Parts 6300--6399)
       LIV  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 6400--6499)
        LV  National Endowment for the Arts (Parts 6500--6599)
       LVI  National Endowment for the Humanities (Parts 6600--
                6699)
      LVII  General Services Administration (Parts 6700--6799)
     LVIII  Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 
                (Parts 6800--6899)
       LIX  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                6900--6999)
        LX  United States Postal Service (Parts 7000--7099)
       LXI  National Labor Relations Board (Parts 7100--7199)
      LXII  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Parts 7200--
                7299)
     LXIII  Inter-American Foundation (Parts 7300--7399)
      LXIV  Merit Systems Protection Board (Parts 7400--7499)
       LXV  Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                7500--7599)
      LXVI  National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 
                7600--7699)
     LXVII  Institute of Museum and Library Services (Parts 7700--
                7799)
    LXVIII  Commission on Civil Rights (Parts 7800--7899)
      LXIX  Tennessee Valley Authority (Parts 7900--7999)
       LXX  Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency for the 
                District of Columbia (Parts 8000--8099)
      LXXI  Consumer Product Safety Commission (Parts 8100--8199)

[[Page 742]]

    LXXIII  Department of Agriculture (Parts 8300--8399)
     LXXIV  Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission 
                (Parts 8400--8499)
     LXXVI  Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Parts 
                8600--8699)
    LXXVII  Office of Management and Budget (Parts 8700--8799)
      LXXX  Federal Housing Finance Agency (Parts 9000--9099)
   LXXXIII  Special Inspector General for Afghanistan 
                Reconstruction (Parts 9300--9399)
    LXXXIV  Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (Parts 9400--
                9499)
    LXXXVI  National Credit Union Administration (Parts 9600--
                9699)
     XCVII  Department of Homeland Security Human Resources 
                Management System (Department of Homeland 
                Security--Office of Personnel Management) (Parts 
                9700--9799)
    XCVIII  Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and 
                Efficiency (Parts 9800--9899)
      XCIX  Military Compensation and Retirement Modernization 
                Commission (Parts 9900--9999)
         C  National Council on Disability (Parts 10000--10049)
        CI  National Mediation Board (Parts 10100--10199)
       CII  U.S. Office of Special Counsel (Parts 10200--10299)
       CIV  Office of the Intellectual Property Enforcement 
                Coordinator (Part 10400--10499)

                      Title 6--Domestic Security

         I  Department of Homeland Security, Office of the 
                Secretary (Parts 1--199)
         X  Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (Parts 
                1000--1099)

                         Title 7--Agriculture

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Agriculture 
                (Parts 0--26)
            Subtitle B--Regulations of the Department of 
                Agriculture
         I  Agricultural Marketing Service (Standards, 
                Inspections, Marketing Practices), Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 27--209)
        II  Food and Nutrition Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 210--299)
       III  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 400--499)
         V  Agricultural Research Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Natural Resources Conservation Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Farm Service Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                700--799)

[[Page 743]]

      VIII  Agricultural Marketing Service (Federal Grain 
                Inspection Service, Fair Trade Practices Program), 
                Department of Agriculture (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 900--999)
         X  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Milk), Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 1000--1199)
        XI  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Miscellaneous Commodities), Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 1200--1299)
       XIV  Commodity Credit Corporation, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 1400--1499)
        XV  Foreign Agricultural Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 1500--1599)
       XVI  [Reserved]
      XVII  Rural Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 1700--1799)
     XVIII  Rural Housing Service, Rural Business-Cooperative 
                Service, Rural Utilities Service, and Farm Service 
                Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1800--
                2099)
        XX  [Reserved]
       XXV  Office of Advocacy and Outreach, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 2500--2599)
      XXVI  Office of Inspector General, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 2600--2699)
     XXVII  Office of Information Resources Management, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 2700--2799)
    XXVIII  Office of Operations, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                2800--2899)
      XXIX  Office of Energy Policy and New Uses, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 2900--2999)
       XXX  Office of the Chief Financial Officer, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3000--3099)
      XXXI  Office of Environmental Quality, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3100--3199)
     XXXII  Office of Procurement and Property Management, 
                Department of Agriculture (Parts 3200--3299)
    XXXIII  Office of Transportation, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3300--3399)
     XXXIV  National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Parts 
                3400--3499)
      XXXV  Rural Housing Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3500--3599)
     XXXVI  National Agricultural Statistics Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 3600--3699)
    XXXVII  Economic Research Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3700--3799)
   XXXVIII  World Agricultural Outlook Board, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3800--3899)
       XLI  [Reserved]

[[Page 744]]

      XLII  Rural Business-Cooperative Service and Rural Utilities 
                Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 4200--
                4299)
         L  Rural Business-Cooperative Service, and Rural 
                Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 5000--5099)

                    Title 8--Aliens and Nationality

         I  Department of Homeland Security (Parts 1--499)
         V  Executive Office for Immigration Review, Department of 
                Justice (Parts 1000--1399)

                 Title 9--Animals and Animal Products

         I  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 1--199)
        II  Agricultural Marketing Service (Fair Trade Practices 
                Program), Department of Agriculture (Parts 200--
                299)
       III  Food Safety and Inspection Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 300--599)

                           Title 10--Energy

         I  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 0--199)
        II  Department of Energy (Parts 200--699)
       III  Department of Energy (Parts 700--999)
         X  Department of Energy (General Provisions) (Parts 
                1000--1099)
      XIII  Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board (Parts 1300--
                1399)
      XVII  Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (Parts 1700--
                1799)
     XVIII  Northeast Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste 
                Commission (Parts 1800--1899)

                      Title 11--Federal Elections

         I  Federal Election Commission (Parts 1--9099)
        II  Election Assistance Commission (Parts 9400--9499)

                      Title 12--Banks and Banking

         I  Comptroller of the Currency, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 1--199)
        II  Federal Reserve System (Parts 200--299)
       III  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 400--
                499)
         V  [Reserved]
        VI  Farm Credit Administration (Parts 600--699)
       VII  National Credit Union Administration (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Federal Financing Bank (Parts 800--899)
        IX  (Parts 900--999) [Reserved]

[[Page 745]]

         X  Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (Parts 1000--
                1099)
        XI  Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  Federal Housing Finance Agency (Parts 1200--1299)
      XIII  Financial Stability Oversight Council (Parts 1300--
                1399)
       XIV  Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 1400--
                1499)
        XV  Department of the Treasury (Parts 1500--1599)
       XVI  Office of Financial Research, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 1600--1699)
      XVII  Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                1700--1799)
     XVIII  Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, 
                Department of the Treasury (Parts 1800--1899)

               Title 13--Business Credit and Assistance

         I  Small Business Administration (Parts 1--199)
       III  Economic Development Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Emergency Steel Guarantee Loan Board (Parts 400--499)
         V  Emergency Oil and Gas Guaranteed Loan Board (Parts 
                500--599)

                    Title 14--Aeronautics and Space

         I  Federal Aviation Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1--199)
        II  Office of the Secretary, Department of Transportation 
                (Aviation Proceedings) (Parts 200--399)
       III  Commercial Space Transportation, Federal Aviation 
                Administration, Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 400--1199)
         V  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                1200--1299)
        VI  Air Transportation System Stabilization (Parts 1300--
                1399)

                 Title 15--Commerce and Foreign Trade

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Commerce (Parts 
                0--29)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Commerce and 
                Foreign Trade
         I  Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                30--199)
        II  National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 200--299)
       III  International Trade Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Foreign-Trade Zones Board, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 400--499)
       VII  Bureau of Industry and Security, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 700--799)

[[Page 746]]

      VIII  Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 800--899)
        IX  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 900--999)
        XI  National Technical Information Service, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 1100--1199)
      XIII  East-West Foreign Trade Board (Parts 1300--1399)
       XIV  Minority Business Development Agency (Parts 1400--
                1499)
        XV  Office of the Under-Secretary for Economic Affairs, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 1500--1599)
            Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade 
                Agreements
        XX  Office of the United States Trade Representative 
                (Parts 2000--2099)
            Subtitle D--Regulations Relating to Telecommunications 
                and Information
     XXIII  National Telecommunications and Information 
                Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                2300--2399) [Reserved]

                    Title 16--Commercial Practices

         I  Federal Trade Commission (Parts 0--999)
        II  Consumer Product Safety Commission (Parts 1000--1799)

             Title 17--Commodity and Securities Exchanges

         I  Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Parts 1--199)
        II  Securities and Exchange Commission (Parts 200--399)
        IV  Department of the Treasury (Parts 400--499)

          Title 18--Conservation of Power and Water Resources

         I  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Department of 
                Energy (Parts 1--399)
       III  Delaware River Basin Commission (Parts 400--499)
        VI  Water Resources Council (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Susquehanna River Basin Commission (Parts 800--899)
      XIII  Tennessee Valley Authority (Parts 1300--1399)

                       Title 19--Customs Duties

         I  U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of 
                Homeland Security; Department of the Treasury 
                (Parts 0--199)
        II  United States International Trade Commission (Parts 
                200--299)
       III  International Trade Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)
        IV  U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Department 
                of Homeland Security (Parts 400--599) [Reserved]

[[Page 747]]

                     Title 20--Employees' Benefits

         I  Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Department 
                of Labor (Parts 1--199)
        II  Railroad Retirement Board (Parts 200--399)
       III  Social Security Administration (Parts 400--499)
        IV  Employees' Compensation Appeals Board, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 500--599)
         V  Employment and Training Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 600--699)
        VI  Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Department 
                of Labor (Parts 700--799)
       VII  Benefits Review Board, Department of Labor (Parts 
                800--899)
      VIII  Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries (Parts 
                900--999)
        IX  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans' 
                Employment and Training Service, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 1000--1099)

                       Title 21--Food and Drugs

         I  Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 1--1299)
        II  Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice 
                (Parts 1300--1399)
       III  Office of National Drug Control Policy (Parts 1400--
                1499)

                      Title 22--Foreign Relations

         I  Department of State (Parts 1--199)
        II  Agency for International Development (Parts 200--299)
       III  Peace Corps (Parts 300--399)
        IV  International Joint Commission, United States and 
                Canada (Parts 400--499)
         V  United States Agency for Global Media (Parts 500--599)
       VII  U.S. International Development Finance Corporation 
                (Parts 700--799)
        IX  Foreign Service Grievance Board (Parts 900--999)
         X  Inter-American Foundation (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  International Boundary and Water Commission, United 
                States and Mexico, United States Section (Parts 
                1100--1199)
       XII  United States International Development Cooperation 
                Agency (Parts 1200--1299)
      XIII  Millennium Challenge Corporation (Parts 1300--1399)
       XIV  Foreign Service Labor Relations Board; Federal Labor 
                Relations Authority; General Counsel of the 
                Federal Labor Relations Authority; and the Foreign 
                Service Impasse Disputes Panel (Parts 1400--1499)
        XV  African Development Foundation (Parts 1500--1599)
       XVI  Japan-United States Friendship Commission (Parts 
                1600--1699)
      XVII  United States Institute of Peace (Parts 1700--1799)

[[Page 748]]

                          Title 23--Highways

         I  Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1--999)
        II  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and 
                Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1200--1299)
       III  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 1300--1399)

                Title 24--Housing and Urban Development

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of 
                Housing and Urban Development (Parts 0--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban 
                Development
         I  Office of Assistant Secretary for Equal Opportunity, 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                100--199)
        II  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing-Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 200--299)
       III  Government National Mortgage Association, Department 
                of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Housing and Office of Multifamily Housing 
                Assistance Restructuring, Department of Housing 
                and Urban Development (Parts 400--499)
         V  Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning 
                and Development, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning 
                and Development, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 600--699) [Reserved]
       VII  Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Housing Assistance Programs and 
                Public and Indian Housing Programs) (Parts 700--
                799)
      VIII  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Section 8 Housing Assistance 
                Programs, Section 202 Direct Loan Program, Section 
                202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly Program and 
                Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons With 
                Disabilities Program) (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Office of Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian 
                Housing, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 900--1699)
         X  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Interstate Land Sales 
                Registration Program) (Parts 1700--1799) 
                [Reserved]
       XII  Office of Inspector General, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 2000--2099)
        XV  Emergency Mortgage Insurance and Loan Programs, 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                2700--2799) [Reserved]

[[Page 749]]

        XX  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 3200--3899)
      XXIV  Board of Directors of the HOPE for Homeowners Program 
                (Parts 4000--4099) [Reserved]
       XXV  Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (Parts 4100--
                4199)

                           Title 25--Indians

         I  Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--299)
        II  Indian Arts and Crafts Board, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 300--399)
       III  National Indian Gaming Commission, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 500--599)
        IV  Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation (Parts 
                700--899)
         V  Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, 
                and Indian Health Service, Department of Health 
                and Human Services (Part 900--999)
        VI  Office of the Assistant Secretary, Indian Affairs, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 1000--1199)
       VII  Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 1200--1299)

                      Title 26--Internal Revenue

         I  Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury 
                (Parts 1--End)

           Title 27--Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms

         I  Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Department 
                of the Treasury (Parts 1--399)
        II  Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, 
                Department of Justice (Parts 400--799)

                   Title 28--Judicial Administration

         I  Department of Justice (Parts 0--299)
       III  Federal Prison Industries, Inc., Department of Justice 
                (Parts 300--399)
         V  Bureau of Prisons, Department of Justice (Parts 500--
                599)
        VI  Offices of Independent Counsel, Department of Justice 
                (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Office of Independent Counsel (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency for the 
                District of Columbia (Parts 800--899)
        IX  National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact Council 
                (Parts 900--999)

[[Page 750]]

        XI  Department of Justice and Department of State (Parts 
                1100--1199)

                            Title 29--Labor

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Labor (Parts 
                0--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Labor
         I  National Labor Relations Board (Parts 100--199)
        II  Office of Labor-Management Standards, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 200--299)
       III  National Railroad Adjustment Board (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Labor-Management Standards, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 400--499)
         V  Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor (Parts 
                500--899)
        IX  Construction Industry Collective Bargaining Commission 
                (Parts 900--999)
         X  National Mediation Board (Parts 1200--1299)
       XII  Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (Parts 
                1400--1499)
       XIV  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Parts 1600--
                1699)
      XVII  Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 
                Department of Labor (Parts 1900--1999)
        XX  Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission 
                (Parts 2200--2499)
       XXV  Employee Benefits Security Administration, Department 
                of Labor (Parts 2500--2599)
     XXVII  Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission 
                (Parts 2700--2799)
        XL  Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (Parts 4000--
                4999)

                      Title 30--Mineral Resources

         I  Mine Safety and Health Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 1--199)
        II  Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 200--299)
        IV  Geological Survey, Department of the Interior (Parts 
                400--499)
         V  Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 500--599)
       VII  Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 700--999)
       XII  Office of Natural Resources Revenue, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 1200--1299)

                 Title 31--Money and Finance: Treasury

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Treasury 
                (Parts 0--50)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Money and Finance

[[Page 751]]

         I  Monetary Offices, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                51--199)
        II  Fiscal Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                200--399)
        IV  Secret Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                400--499)
         V  Office of Foreign Assets Control, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Department of 
                the Treasury (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Office of Investment Security, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Federal Claims Collection Standards (Department of the 
                Treasury--Department of Justice) (Parts 900--999)
         X  Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, Department of 
                the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099)

                      Title 32--National Defense

            Subtitle A--Department of Defense
         I  Office of the Secretary of Defense (Parts 1--399)
         V  Department of the Army (Parts 400--699)
        VI  Department of the Navy (Parts 700--799)
       VII  Department of the Air Force (Parts 800--1099)
            Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to National 
                Defense
       XII  Department of Defense, Defense Logistics Agency (Parts 
                1200--1299)
       XVI  Selective Service System (Parts 1600--1699)
      XVII  Office of the Director of National Intelligence (Parts 
                1700--1799)
     XVIII  National Counterintelligence Center (Parts 1800--1899)
       XIX  Central Intelligence Agency (Parts 1900--1999)
        XX  Information Security Oversight Office, National 
                Archives and Records Administration (Parts 2000--
                2099)
       XXI  National Security Council (Parts 2100--2199)
      XXIV  Office of Science and Technology Policy (Parts 2400--
                2499)
     XXVII  Office for Micronesian Status Negotiations (Parts 
                2700--2799)
    XXVIII  Office of the Vice President of the United States 
                (Parts 2800--2899)

               Title 33--Navigation and Navigable Waters

         I  Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 
                1--199)
        II  Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army, Department 
                of Defense (Parts 200--399)
        IV  Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development 
                Corporation, Department of Transportation (Parts 
                400--499)

[[Page 752]]

                          Title 34--Education

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of 
                Education (Parts 1--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations of the Offices of the 
                Department of Education
         I  Office for Civil Rights, Department of Education 
                (Parts 100--199)
        II  Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, 
                Department of Education (Parts 200--299)
       III  Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative 
                Services, Department of Education (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education, 
                Department of Education (Parts 400--499)
         V  Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Languages 
                Affairs, Department of Education (Parts 500--599) 
                [Reserved]
        VI  Office of Postsecondary Education, Department of 
                Education (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 
                Department of Education (Parts 700--799) 
                [Reserved]
            Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Education
        XI  [Reserved]
       XII  National Council on Disability (Parts 1200--1299)

                          Title 35 [Reserved]

             Title 36--Parks, Forests, and Public Property

         I  National Park Service, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--199)
        II  Forest Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 200--
                299)
       III  Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army (Parts 
                300--399)
        IV  American Battle Monuments Commission (Parts 400--499)
         V  Smithsonian Institution (Parts 500--599)
        VI  [Reserved]
       VII  Library of Congress (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (Parts 800--
                899)
        IX  Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation (Parts 
                900--999)
         X  Presidio Trust (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance 
                Board (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 
                1200--1299)
        XV  Oklahoma City National Memorial Trust (Parts 1500--
                1599)
       XVI  Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in National 
                Environmental Policy Foundation (Parts 1600--1699)

             Title 37--Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights

         I  United States Patent and Trademark Office, Department 
                of Commerce (Parts 1--199)
        II  U.S. Copyright Office, Library of Congress (Parts 
                200--299)

[[Page 753]]

       III  Copyright Royalty Board, Library of Congress (Parts 
                300--399)
        IV  National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 400--599)

           Title 38--Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief

         I  Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 0--199)
        II  Armed Forces Retirement Home (Parts 200--299)

                       Title 39--Postal Service

         I  United States Postal Service (Parts 1--999)
       III  Postal Regulatory Commission (Parts 3000--3099)

                  Title 40--Protection of Environment

         I  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1--1099)
        IV  Environmental Protection Agency and Department of 
                Justice (Parts 1400--1499)
         V  Council on Environmental Quality (Parts 1500--1599)
        VI  Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (Parts 
                1600--1699)
       VII  Environmental Protection Agency and Department of 
                Defense; Uniform National Discharge Standards for 
                Vessels of the Armed Forces (Parts 1700--1799)
      VIII  Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council (Parts 1800--
                1899)
        IX  Federal Permitting Improvement Steering Council (Part 
                1900)

          Title 41--Public Contracts and Property Management

            Subtitle A--Federal Procurement Regulations System 
                [Note]
            Subtitle B--Other Provisions Relating to Public 
                Contracts
        50  Public Contracts, Department of Labor (Parts 50-1--50-
                999)
        51  Committee for Purchase From People Who Are Blind or 
                Severely Disabled (Parts 51-1--51-99)
        60  Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Equal 
                Employment Opportunity, Department of Labor (Parts 
                60-1--60-999)
        61  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans' 
                Employment and Training Service, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 61-1--61-999)
   62--100  [Reserved]
            Subtitle C--Federal Property Management Regulations 
                System
       101  Federal Property Management Regulations (Parts 101-1--
                101-99)
       102  Federal Management Regulation (Parts 102-1--102-299)
  103--104  (Parts 103-001--104-099) [Reserved]
       105  General Services Administration (Parts 105-1--105-999)

[[Page 754]]

       109  Department of Energy Property Management Regulations 
                (Parts 109-1--109-99)
       114  Department of the Interior (Parts 114-1--114-99)
       115  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 115-1--115-99)
       128  Department of Justice (Parts 128-1--128-99)
  129--200  [Reserved]
            Subtitle D--Federal Acquisition Supply Chain Security
       201  Federal Acquisition Security Council (Parts 201-1--
                201-99)
            Subtitle E [Reserved]
            Subtitle F--Federal Travel Regulation System
       300  General (Parts 300-1--300-99)
       301  Temporary Duty (TDY) Travel Allowances (Parts 301-1--
                301-99)
       302  Relocation Allowances (Parts 302-1--302-99)
       303  Payment of Expenses Connected with the Death of 
                Certain Employees (Part 303-1--303-99)
       304  Payment of Travel Expenses from a Non-Federal Source 
                (Parts 304-1--304-99)

                        Title 42--Public Health

         I  Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human 
                Services (Parts 1--199)
   II--III  [Reserved]
        IV  Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Department 
                of Health and Human Services (Parts 400--699)
         V  Office of Inspector General-Health Care, Department of 
                Health and Human Services (Parts 1000--1099)

                   Title 43--Public Lands: Interior

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--199)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Lands
         I  Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 400--999)
        II  Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1000--9999)
       III  Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation 
                Commission (Parts 10000--10099)

             Title 44--Emergency Management and Assistance

         I  Federal Emergency Management Agency, Department of 
                Homeland Security (Parts 0--399)
        IV  Department of Commerce and Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 400--499)

[[Page 755]]

                       Title 45--Public Welfare

            Subtitle A--Department of Health and Human Services 
                (Parts 1--199)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Welfare
        II  Office of Family Assistance (Assistance Programs), 
                Administration for Children and Families, 
                Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 
                200--299)
       III  Office of Child Support Enforcement (Child Support 
                Enforcement Program), Administration for Children 
                and Families, Department of Health and Human 
                Services (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Refugee Resettlement, Administration for 
                Children and Families, Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 400--499)
         V  Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United 
                States, Department of Justice (Parts 500--599)
        VI  National Science Foundation (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Commission on Civil Rights (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Denali Commission (Parts 900--999)
         X  Office of Community Services, Administration for 
                Children and Families, Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 
                1200--1299)
      XIII  Administration for Children and Families, Department 
                of Health and Human Services (Parts 1300--1399)
       XVI  Legal Services Corporation (Parts 1600--1699)
      XVII  National Commission on Libraries and Information 
                Science (Parts 1700--1799)
     XVIII  Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation (Parts 1800--
                1899)
       XXI  Commission of Fine Arts (Parts 2100--2199)
     XXIII  Arctic Research Commission (Parts 2300--2399)
      XXIV  James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (Parts 
                2400--2499)
       XXV  Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 
                2500--2599)

                          Title 46--Shipping

         I  Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 
                1--199)
        II  Maritime Administration, Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 200--399)
       III  Coast Guard (Great Lakes Pilotage), Department of 
                Homeland Security (Parts 400--499)
        IV  Federal Maritime Commission (Parts 500--599)

[[Page 756]]

                      Title 47--Telecommunication

         I  Federal Communications Commission (Parts 0--199)
        II  Office of Science and Technology Policy and National 
                Security Council (Parts 200--299)
       III  National Telecommunications and Information 
                Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                300--399)
        IV  National Telecommunications and Information 
                Administration, Department of Commerce, and 
                National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 400--499)
         V  The First Responder Network Authority (Parts 500--599)

           Title 48--Federal Acquisition Regulations System

         1  Federal Acquisition Regulation (Parts 1--99)
         2  Defense Acquisition Regulations System, Department of 
                Defense (Parts 200--299)
         3  Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 300--
                399)
         4  Department of Agriculture (Parts 400--499)
         5  General Services Administration (Parts 500--599)
         6  Department of State (Parts 600--699)
         7  Agency for International Development (Parts 700--799)
         8  Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 800--899)
         9  Department of Energy (Parts 900--999)
        10  Department of the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099)
        12  Department of Transportation (Parts 1200--1299)
        13  Department of Commerce (Parts 1300--1399)
        14  Department of the Interior (Parts 1400--1499)
        15  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1500--1599)
        16  Office of Personnel Management, Federal Employees 
                Health Benefits Acquisition Regulation (Parts 
                1600--1699)
        17  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1700--1799)
        18  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                1800--1899)
        19  Broadcasting Board of Governors (Parts 1900--1999)
        20  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 2000--2099)
        21  Office of Personnel Management, Federal Employees 
                Group Life Insurance Federal Acquisition 
                Regulation (Parts 2100--2199)
        23  Social Security Administration (Parts 2300--2399)
        24  Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                2400--2499)
        25  National Science Foundation (Parts 2500--2599)
        28  Department of Justice (Parts 2800--2899)
        29  Department of Labor (Parts 2900--2999)
        30  Department of Homeland Security, Homeland Security 
                Acquisition Regulation (HSAR) (Parts 3000--3099)
        34  Department of Education Acquisition Regulation (Parts 
                3400--3499)

[[Page 757]]

        51  Department of the Army Acquisition Regulations (Parts 
                5100--5199) [Reserved]
        52  Department of the Navy Acquisition Regulations (Parts 
                5200--5299)
        53  Department of the Air Force Federal Acquisition 
                Regulation Supplement (Parts 5300--5399) 
                [Reserved]
        54  Defense Logistics Agency, Department of Defense (Parts 
                5400--5499)
        57  African Development Foundation (Parts 5700--5799)
        61  Civilian Board of Contract Appeals, General Services 
                Administration (Parts 6100--6199)
        99  Cost Accounting Standards Board, Office of Federal 
                Procurement Policy, Office of Management and 
                Budget (Parts 9900--9999)

                       Title 49--Transportation

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Transportation 
                (Parts 1--99)
            Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to 
                Transportation
         I  Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
                Administration, Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 100--199)
        II  Federal Railroad Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 200--299)
       III  Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 
                400--499)
         V  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Federal Transit Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 600--699)
       VII  National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK) 
                (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  National Transportation Safety Board (Parts 800--999)
         X  Surface Transportation Board (Parts 1000--1399)
        XI  Research and Innovative Technology Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 1400--1499) 
                [Reserved]
       XII  Transportation Security Administration, Department of 
                Homeland Security (Parts 1500--1699)

                   Title 50--Wildlife and Fisheries

         I  United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of 
                the Interior (Parts 1--199)
        II  National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 200--299)
       III  International Fishing and Related Activities (Parts 
                300--399)

[[Page 758]]

        IV  Joint Regulations (United States Fish and Wildlife 
                Service, Department of the Interior and National 
                Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and 
                Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce); Endangered Species Committee 
                Regulations (Parts 400--499)
         V  Marine Mammal Commission (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Fishery Conservation and Management, National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 600--699)

[[Page 759]]





           Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR




                     (Revised as of October 1, 2023)

                                                  CFR Title, Subtitle or 
                     Agency                               Chapter

Administrative Conference of the United States    1, III
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation         36, VIII
Advocacy and Outreach, Office of                  7, XXV
Afghanistan Reconstruction, Special Inspector     5, LXXXIII
     General for
African Development Foundation                    22, XV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 57
Agency for International Development              2, VII; 22, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 7
Agricultural Marketing Service                    7, I, VIII, IX, X, XI; 9, 
                                                  II
Agricultural Research Service                     7, V
Agriculture, Department of                        2, IV; 5, LXXIII
  Advocacy and Outreach, Office of                7, XXV
  Agricultural Marketing Service                  7, I, VIII, IX, X, XI; 9, 
                                                  II
  Agricultural Research Service                   7, V
  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service      7, III; 9, I
  Chief Financial Officer, Office of              7, XXX
  Commodity Credit Corporation                    7, XIV
  Economic Research Service                       7, XXXVII
  Energy Policy and New Uses, Office of           2, IX; 7, XXIX
  Environmental Quality, Office of                7, XXXI
  Farm Service Agency                             7, VII, XVIII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 4
  Federal Crop Insurance Corporation              7, IV
  Food and Nutrition Service                      7, II
  Food Safety and Inspection Service              9, III
  Foreign Agricultural Service                    7, XV
  Forest Service                                  36, II
  Information Resources Management, Office of     7, XXVII
  Inspector General, Office of                    7, XXVI
  National Agricultural Library                   7, XLI
  National Agricultural Statistics Service        7, XXXVI
  National Institute of Food and Agriculture      7, XXXIV
  Natural Resources Conservation Service          7, VI
  Operations, Office of                           7, XXVIII
  Procurement and Property Management, Office of  7, XXXII
  Rural Business-Cooperative Service              7, XVIII, XLII
  Rural Development Administration                7, XLII
  Rural Housing Service                           7, XVIII, XXXV
  Rural Utilities Service                         7, XVII, XVIII, XLII
  Secretary of Agriculture, Office of             7, Subtitle A
  Transportation, Office of                       7, XXXIII
  World Agricultural Outlook Board                7, XXXVIII
Air Force, Department of                          32, VII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement       48, 53
Air Transportation Stabilization Board            14, VI
Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau          27, I
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives,       27, II
     Bureau of
AMTRAK                                            49, VII
American Battle Monuments Commission              36, IV
American Indians, Office of the Special Trustee   25, VII
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service        7, III; 9, I
Appalachian Regional Commission                   5, IX
Architectural and Transportation Barriers         36, XI
   Compliance Board
[[Page 760]]

Arctic Research Commission                        45, XXIII
Armed Forces Retirement Home                      5, XI; 38, II
Army, Department of                               32, V
  Engineers, Corps of                             33, II; 36, III
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 51
Benefits Review Board                             20, VII
Bilingual Education and Minority Languages        34, V
     Affairs, Office of
Blind or Severely Disabled, Committee for         41, 51
     Purchase from People Who Are
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 19
Career, Technical, and Adult Education, Office    34, IV
     of
Census Bureau                                     15, I
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services          42, IV
Central Intelligence Agency                       32, XIX
Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board    40, VI
Chief Financial Officer, Office of                7, XXX
Child Support Enforcement, Office of              45, III
Children and Families, Administration for         45, II, III, IV, X, XIII
Civil Rights, Commission on                       5, LXVIII; 45, VII
Civil Rights, Office for                          34, I
Coast Guard                                       33, I; 46, I; 49, IV
Coast Guard (Great Lakes Pilotage)                46, III
Commerce, Department of                           2, XIII; 44, IV; 50, VI
  Census Bureau                                   15, I
  Economic Affairs, Office of the Under-          15, XV
       Secretary for
  Economic Analysis, Bureau of                    15, VIII
  Economic Development Administration             13, III
  Emergency Management and Assistance             44, IV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 13
  Foreign-Trade Zones Board                       15, IV
  Industry and Security, Bureau of                15, VII
  International Trade Administration              15, III; 19, III
  National Institute of Standards and Technology  15, II; 37, IV
  National Marine Fisheries Service               50, II, IV
  National Oceanic and Atmospheric                15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, 
       Administration                             VI
  National Technical Information Service          15, XI
  National Telecommunications and Information     15, XXIII; 47, III, IV
       Administration
  National Weather Service                        15, IX
  Patent and Trademark Office, United States      37, I
  Secretary of Commerce, Office of                15, Subtitle A
Commercial Space Transportation                   14, III
Commodity Credit Corporation                      7, XIV
Commodity Futures Trading Commission              5, XLI; 17, I
Community Planning and Development, Office of     24, V, VI
     Assistant Secretary for
Community Services, Office of                     45, X
Comptroller of the Currency                       12, I
Construction Industry Collective Bargaining       29, IX
     Commission
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau              5, LXXXIV; 12, X
Consumer Product Safety Commission                5, LXXI; 16, II
Copyright Royalty Board                           37, III
Corporation for National and Community Service    2, XXII; 45, XII, XXV
Cost Accounting Standards Board                   48, 99
Council on Environmental Quality                  40, V
Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity    5, XCVIII
     and Efficiency
Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency    5, LXX; 28, VIII
     for the District of Columbia
Customs and Border Protection                     19, I
Defense, Department of                            2, XI; 5, XXVI; 32, 
                                                  Subtitle A; 40, VII
  Advanced Research Projects Agency               32, I
  Air Force Department                            32, VII
  Army Department                                 32, V; 33, II; 36, III; 
                                                  48, 51
  Defense Acquisition Regulations System          48, 2
  Defense Intelligence Agency                     32, I

[[Page 761]]

  Defense Logistics Agency                        32, I, XII; 48, 54
  Engineers, Corps of                             33, II; 36, III
  National Imagery and Mapping Agency             32, I
  Navy, Department of                             32, VI; 48, 52
  Secretary of Defense, Office of                 2, XI; 32, I
Defense Contract Audit Agency                     32, I
Defense Intelligence Agency                       32, I
Defense Logistics Agency                          32, XII; 48, 54
Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board           10, XVII
Delaware River Basin Commission                   18, III
Denali Commission                                 45, IX
Disability, National Council on                   5, C; 34, XII
District of Columbia, Court Services and          5, LXX; 28, VIII
     Offender Supervision Agency for the
Drug Enforcement Administration                   21, II
East-West Foreign Trade Board                     15, XIII
Economic Affairs, Office of the Under-Secretary   15, XV
     for
Economic Analysis, Bureau of                      15, VIII
Economic Development Administration               13, III
Economic Research Service                         7, XXXVII
Education, Department of                          2, XXXIV; 5, LIII
  Bilingual Education and Minority Languages      34, V
       Affairs, Office of
  Career, Technical, and Adult Education, Office  34, IV
       of
  Civil Rights, Office for                        34, I
  Educational Research and Improvement, Office    34, VII
       of
  Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of   34, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 34
  Postsecondary Education, Office of              34, VI
  Secretary of Education, Office of               34, Subtitle A
  Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,  34, III
       Office of
Educational Research and Improvement, Office of   34, VII
Election Assistance Commission                    2, LVIII; 11, II
Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of     34, II
Emergency Oil and Gas Guaranteed Loan Board       13, V
Emergency Steel Guarantee Loan Board              13, IV
Employee Benefits Security Administration         29, XXV
Employees' Compensation Appeals Board             20, IV
Employees Loyalty Board                           5, V
Employment and Training Administration            20, V
Employment Policy, National Commission for        1, IV
Employment Standards Administration               20, VI
Endangered Species Committee                      50, IV
Energy, Department of                             2, IX; 5, XXIII; 10, II, 
                                                  III, X
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 9
  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission            5, XXIV; 18, I
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 109
Energy, Office of                                 7, XXIX
Engineers, Corps of                               33, II; 36, III
Engraving and Printing, Bureau of                 31, VI
Environmental Protection Agency                   2, XV; 5, LIV; 40, I, IV, 
                                                  VII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 15
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 115
Environmental Quality, Office of                  7, XXXI
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission           5, LXII; 29, XIV
Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant Secretary  24, I
     for
Executive Office of the President                 3, I
  Environmental Quality, Council on               40, V
  Management and Budget, Office of                2, Subtitle A; 5, III, 
                                                  LXXVII; 14, VI; 48, 99
  National Drug Control Policy, Office of         2, XXXVI; 21, III
  National Security Council                       32, XXI; 47, II
  Presidential Documents                          3
  Science and Technology Policy, Office of        32, XXIV; 47, II
  Trade Representative, Office of the United      15, XX
     States
[[Page 762]]

Export-Import Bank of the United States           2, XXXV; 5, LII; 12, IV
Family Assistance, Office of                      45, II
Farm Credit Administration                        5, XXXI; 12, VI
Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation          5, XXX; 12, XIV
Farm Service Agency                               7, VII, XVIII
Federal Acquisition Regulation                    48, 1
Federal Acquisition Security Council              41, 201
Federal Aviation Administration                   14, I
  Commercial Space Transportation                 14, III
Federal Claims Collection Standards               31, IX
Federal Communications Commission                 2, LX; 5, XXIX; 47, I
Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office of   41, 60
Federal Crop Insurance Corporation                7, IV
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation             5, XXII; 12, III
Federal Election Commission                       5, XXXVII; 11, I
Federal Emergency Management Agency               44, I
Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal    48, 21
     Acquisition Regulation
Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition     48, 16
     Regulation
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission              5, XXIV; 18, I
Federal Financial Institutions Examination        12, XI
     Council
Federal Financing Bank                            12, VIII
Federal Highway Administration                    23, I, II
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation            1, IV
Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight Office       12, XVII
Federal Housing Finance Agency                    5, LXXX; 12, XII
Federal Labor Relations Authority                 5, XIV, XLIX; 22, XIV
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center           31, VII
Federal Management Regulation                     41, 102
Federal Maritime Commission                       46, IV
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service        29, XII
Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission  5, LXXIV; 29, XXVII
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration       49, III
Federal Permitting Improvement Steering Council   40, IX
Federal Prison Industries, Inc.                   28, III
Federal Procurement Policy Office                 48, 99
Federal Property Management Regulations           41, 101
Federal Railroad Administration                   49, II
Federal Register, Administrative Committee of     1, I
Federal Register, Office of                       1, II
Federal Reserve System                            12, II
  Board of Governors                              5, LVIII
Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board        5, VI, LXXVI
Federal Service Impasses Panel                    5, XIV
Federal Trade Commission                          5, XLVII; 16, I
Federal Transit Administration                    49, VI
Federal Travel Regulation System                  41, Subtitle F
Financial Crimes Enforcement Network              31, X
Financial Research Office                         12, XVI
Financial Stability Oversight Council             12, XIII
Fine Arts, Commission of                          45, XXI
Fiscal Service                                    31, II
Fish and Wildlife Service, United States          50, I, IV
Food and Drug Administration                      21, I
Food and Nutrition Service                        7, II
Food Safety and Inspection Service                9, III
Foreign Agricultural Service                      7, XV
Foreign Assets Control, Office of                 31, V
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the       45, V
     United States
Foreign Service Grievance Board                   22, IX
Foreign Service Impasse Disputes Panel            22, XIV
Foreign Service Labor Relations Board             22, XIV
Foreign-Trade Zones Board                         15, IV
Forest Service                                    36, II
General Services Administration                   5, LVII; 41, 105
  Contract Appeals, Board of                      48, 61
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 5

[[Page 763]]

  Federal Management Regulation                   41, 102
  Federal Property Management Regulations         41, 101
  Federal Travel Regulation System                41, Subtitle F
  General                                         41, 300
  Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel    41, 304
       Expenses
  Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death    41, 303
       of Certain Employees
  Relocation Allowances                           41, 302
  Temporary Duty (TDY) Travel Allowances          41, 301
Geological Survey                                 30, IV
Government Accountability Office                  4, I
Government Ethics, Office of                      5, XVI
Government National Mortgage Association          24, III
Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards          7, VIII; 9, II
     Administration
Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development       33, IV
     Corporation
Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council          2, LIX; 40, VIII
Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation            45, XVIII
Health and Human Services, Department of          2, III; 5, XLV; 45, 
                                                  Subtitle A
  Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services        42, IV
  Child Support Enforcement, Office of            45, III
  Children and Families, Administration for       45, II, III, IV, X, XIII
  Community Services, Office of                   45, X
  Family Assistance, Office of                    45, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 3
  Food and Drug Administration                    21, I
  Indian Health Service                           25, V
  Inspector General (Health Care), Office of      42, V
  Public Health Service                           42, I
  Refugee Resettlement, Office of                 45, IV
Homeland Security, Department of                  2, XXX; 5, XXXVI; 6, I; 8, 
                                                  I
  Coast Guard                                     33, I; 46, I; 49, IV
  Coast Guard (Great Lakes Pilotage)              46, III
  Customs and Border Protection                   19, I
  Federal Emergency Management Agency             44, I
  Human Resources Management and Labor Relations  5, XCVII
       Systems
  Immigration and Customs Enforcement Bureau      19, IV
  Transportation Security Administration          49, XII
HOPE for Homeowners Program, Board of Directors   24, XXIV
     of
Housing and Urban Development, Department of      2, XXIV; 5, LXV; 24, 
                                                  Subtitle B
  Community Planning and Development, Office of   24, V, VI
       Assistant Secretary for
  Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant          24, I
       Secretary for
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 24
  Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, Office    12, XVII
       of
  Government National Mortgage Association        24, III
  Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office   24, II, VIII, X, XX
       of Assistant Secretary for
  Housing, Office of, and Multifamily Housing     24, IV
       Assistance Restructuring, Office of
  Inspector General, Office of                    24, XII
  Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant  24, IX
       Secretary for
  Secretary, Office of                            24, Subtitle A, VII
Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office of  24, II, VIII, X, XX
     Assistant Secretary for
Housing, Office of, and Multifamily Housing       24, IV
     Assistance Restructuring, Office of
Immigration and Customs Enforcement Bureau        19, IV
Immigration Review, Executive Office for          8, V
Independent Counsel, Office of                    28, VII
Independent Counsel, Offices of                   28, VI
Indian Affairs, Bureau of                         25, I, V
Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant           25, VI
     Secretary
Indian Arts and Crafts Board                      25, II

[[Page 764]]

Indian Health Service                             25, V
Industry and Security, Bureau of                  15, VII
Information Resources Management, Office of       7, XXVII
Information Security Oversight Office, National   32, XX
     Archives and Records Administration
Inspector General
  Agriculture Department                          7, XXVI
  Health and Human Services Department            42, V
  Housing and Urban Development Department        24, XII, XV
Institute of Peace, United States                 22, XVII
Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator,    5, CIV
     Office of
Inter-American Foundation                         5, LXIII; 22, X
Interior, Department of                           2, XIV
  American Indians, Office of the Special         25, VII
       Trustee
  Endangered Species Committee                    50, IV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 14
  Federal Property Management Regulations System  41, 114
  Fish and Wildlife Service, United States        50, I, IV
  Geological Survey                               30, IV
  Indian Affairs, Bureau of                       25, I, V
  Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant         25, VI
       Secretary
  Indian Arts and Crafts Board                    25, II
  Land Management, Bureau of                      43, II
  National Indian Gaming Commission               25, III
  National Park Service                           36, I
  Natural Resource Revenue, Office of             30, XII
  Ocean Energy Management, Bureau of              30, V
  Reclamation, Bureau of                          43, I
  Safety and Environmental Enforcement, Bureau    30, II
       of
  Secretary of the Interior, Office of            2, XIV; 43, Subtitle A
  Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement,     30, VII
       Office of
Internal Revenue Service                          26, I
International Boundary and Water Commission,      22, XI
     United States and Mexico, United States 
     Section
International Development, United States Agency   22, II
     for
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 7
International Development Cooperation Agency,     22, XII
     United States
International Development Finance Corporation,    5, XXXIII; 22, VII
     U.S.
International Joint Commission, United States     22, IV
     and Canada
International Organizations Employees Loyalty     5, V
     Board
International Trade Administration                15, III; 19, III
International Trade Commission, United States     19, II
Interstate Commerce Commission                    5, XL
Investment Security, Office of                    31, VIII
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation      45, XXIV
Japan-United States Friendship Commission         22, XVI
Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries       20, VIII
Justice, Department of                            2, XXVIII; 5, XXVIII; 28, 
                                                  I, XI; 40, IV
  Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives,     27, II
       Bureau of
  Drug Enforcement Administration                 21, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 28
  Federal Claims Collection Standards             31, IX
  Federal Prison Industries, Inc.                 28, III
  Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the     45, V
       United States
  Immigration Review, Executive Office for        8, V
  Independent Counsel, Offices of                 28, VI
  Prisons, Bureau of                              28, V
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 128
Labor, Department of                              2, XXIX; 5, XLII
  Benefits Review Board                           20, VII
  Employee Benefits Security Administration       29, XXV
  Employees' Compensation Appeals Board           20, IV
  Employment and Training Administration          20, V
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 29

[[Page 765]]

  Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office    41, 60
       of
  Federal Procurement Regulations System          41, 50
  Labor-Management Standards, Office of           29, II, IV
  Mine Safety and Health Administration           30, I
  Occupational Safety and Health Administration   29, XVII
  Public Contracts                                41, 50
  Secretary of Labor, Office of                   29, Subtitle A
  Veterans' Employment and Training Service,      41, 61; 20, IX
       Office of the Assistant Secretary for
  Wage and Hour Division                          29, V
  Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of       20, I, VI
Labor-Management Standards, Office of             29, II, IV
Land Management, Bureau of                        43, II
Legal Services Corporation                        45, XVI
Libraries and Information Science, National       45, XVII
     Commission on
Library of Congress                               36, VII
  Copyright Royalty Board                         37, III
  U.S. Copyright Office                           37, II
Management and Budget, Office of                  5, III, LXXVII; 14, VI; 
                                                  48, 99
Marine Mammal Commission                          50, V
Maritime Administration                           46, II
Merit Systems Protection Board                    5, II, LXIV
Micronesian Status Negotiations, Office for       32, XXVII
Military Compensation and Retirement              5, XCIX
     Modernization Commission
Millennium Challenge Corporation                  22, XIII
Mine Safety and Health Administration             30, I
Minority Business Development Agency              15, XIV
Miscellaneous Agencies                            1, IV
Monetary Offices                                  31, I
Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in     36, XVI
     National Environmental Policy Foundation
Museum and Library Services, Institute of         2, XXXI
National Aeronautics and Space Administration     2, XVIII; 5, LIX; 14, V
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 18
National Agricultural Library                     7, XLI
National Agricultural Statistics Service          7, XXXVI
National and Community Service, Corporation for   2, XXII; 45, XII, XXV
National Archives and Records Administration      2, XXVI; 5, LXVI; 36, XII
  Information Security Oversight Office           32, XX
National Capital Planning Commission              1, IV, VI
National Counterintelligence Center               32, XVIII
National Credit Union Administration              5, LXXXVI; 12, VII
National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact     28, IX
     Council
National Drug Control Policy, Office of           2, XXXVI; 21, III
National Endowment for the Arts                   2, XXXII
National Endowment for the Humanities             2, XXXIII
National Foundation on the Arts and the           45, XI
     Humanities
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency           32, I
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration    23, II, III; 47, VI; 49, V
National Imagery and Mapping Agency               32, I
National Indian Gaming Commission                 25, III
National Institute of Food and Agriculture        7, XXXIV
National Institute of Standards and Technology    15, II; 37, IV
National Intelligence, Office of Director of      5, IV; 32, XVII
National Labor Relations Board                    5, LXI; 29, I
National Marine Fisheries Service                 50, II, IV
National Mediation Board                          5, CI; 29, X
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration   15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, 
                                                  VI
National Park Service                             36, I
National Railroad Adjustment Board                29, III
National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK)  49, VII
National Science Foundation                       2, XXV; 5, XLIII; 45, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 25
National Security Council                         32, XXI; 47, II

[[Page 766]]

National Technical Information Service            15, XI
National Telecommunications and Information       15, XXIII; 47, III, IV, V
     Administration
National Transportation Safety Board              49, VIII
Natural Resource Revenue, Office of               30, XII
Natural Resources Conservation Service            7, VI
Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation, Office of      25, IV
Navy, Department of                               32, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 52
Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation             24, XXV
Northeast Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste  10, XVIII
     Commission
Nuclear Regulatory Commission                     2, XX; 5, XLVIII; 10, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 20
Occupational Safety and Health Administration     29, XVII
Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission  29, XX
Ocean Energy Management, Bureau of                30, V
Oklahoma City National Memorial Trust             36, XV
Operations Office                                 7, XXVIII
Patent and Trademark Office, United States        37, I
Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel      41, 304
     Expenses
Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death of   41, 303
     Certain Employees
Peace Corps                                       2, XXXVII; 22, III
Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation       36, IX
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation              29, XL
Personnel Management, Office of                   5, I, IV, XXXV; 45, VIII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 17
  Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal  48, 21
       Acquisition Regulation
  Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition   48, 16
       Regulation
  Human Resources Management and Labor Relations  5, XCVII
       Systems, Department of Homeland Security
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety           49, I
     Administration
Postal Regulatory Commission                      5, XLVI; 39, III
Postal Service, United States                     5, LX; 39, I
Postsecondary Education, Office of                34, VI
President's Commission on White House             1, IV
     Fellowships
Presidential Documents                            3
Presidio Trust                                    36, X
Prisons, Bureau of                                28, V
Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board       6, X
Procurement and Property Management, Office of    7, XXXII
Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant    24, IX
     Secretary for
Public Contracts, Department of Labor             41, 50
Public Health Service                             42, I
Railroad Retirement Board                         20, II
Reclamation, Bureau of                            43, I
Refugee Resettlement, Office of                   45, IV
Relocation Allowances                             41, 302
Research and Innovative Technology                49, XI
     Administration
Rural Business-Cooperative Service                7, XVIII, XLII, L
Rural Development Administration                  7, XLII
Rural Housing Service                             7, XVIII, XXXV, L
Rural Utilities Service                           7, XVII, XVIII, XLII, L
Safety and Environmental Enforcement, Bureau of   30, II
Science and Technology Policy, Office of          32, XXIV; 47, II
Secret Service                                    31, IV
Securities and Exchange Commission                5, XXXIV; 17, II
Selective Service System                          32, XVI
Small Business Administration                     2, XXVII; 13, I
Smithsonian Institution                           36, V
Social Security Administration                    2, XXIII; 20, III; 48, 23
Soldiers' and Airmen's Home, United States        5, XI
Special Counsel, Office of                        5, VIII
Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,    34, III
     Office of
State, Department of                              2, VI; 22, I; 28, XI

[[Page 767]]

  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 6
Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement,       30, VII
     Office of
Surface Transportation Board                      49, X
Susquehanna River Basin Commission                18, VIII
Tennessee Valley Authority                        5, LXIX; 18, XIII
Trade Representative, United States, Office of    15, XX
Transportation, Department of                     2, XII; 5, L
  Commercial Space Transportation                 14, III
  Emergency Management and Assistance             44, IV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 12
  Federal Aviation Administration                 14, I
  Federal Highway Administration                  23, I, II
  Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration     49, III
  Federal Railroad Administration                 49, II
  Federal Transit Administration                  49, VI
  Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development     33, IV
       Corporation
  Maritime Administration                         46, II
  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration  23, II, III; 47, IV; 49, V
  Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety         49, I
       Administration
  Secretary of Transportation, Office of          14, II; 49, Subtitle A
  Transportation Statistics Bureau                49, XI
Transportation, Office of                         7, XXXIII
Transportation Security Administration            49, XII
Transportation Statistics Bureau                  49, XI
Travel Allowances, Temporary Duty (TDY)           41, 301
Treasury, Department of the                       2, X; 5, XXI; 12, XV; 17, 
                                                  IV; 31, IX
  Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau        27, I
  Community Development Financial Institutions    12, XVIII
       Fund
  Comptroller of the Currency                     12, I
  Customs and Border Protection                   19, I
  Engraving and Printing, Bureau of               31, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 10
  Federal Claims Collection Standards             31, IX
  Federal Law Enforcement Training Center         31, VII
  Financial Crimes Enforcement Network            31, X
  Fiscal Service                                  31, II
  Foreign Assets Control, Office of               31, V
  Internal Revenue Service                        26, I
  Investment Security, Office of                  31, VIII
  Monetary Offices                                31, I
  Secret Service                                  31, IV
  Secretary of the Treasury, Office of            31, Subtitle A
Truman, Harry S. Scholarship Foundation           45, XVIII
United States Agency for Global Media             22, V
United States and Canada, International Joint     22, IV
     Commission
United States and Mexico, International Boundary  22, XI
     and Water Commission, United States Section
U.S. Copyright Office                             37, II
U.S. Office of Special Counsel                    5, CII
Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation      43, III
     Commission
Veterans Affairs, Department of                   2, VIII; 38, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 8
Veterans' Employment and Training Service,        41, 61; 20, IX
     Office of the Assistant Secretary for
Vice President of the United States, Office of    32, XXVIII
Wage and Hour Division                            29, V
Water Resources Council                           18, VI
Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of         20, I, VII
World Agricultural Outlook Board                  7, XXXVIII

[[Page 769]]



List of CFR Sections Affected



All changes in this volume of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) that 
were made by documents published in the Federal Register since January 
1, 2018 are enumerated in the following list. Entries indicate the 
nature of the changes effected. Page numbers refer to Federal Register 
pages. The user should consult the entries for chapters, parts and 
subparts as well as sections for revisions.
For changes to this volume of the CFR prior to this listing, consult the 
annual edition of the monthly List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA). The 
LSA is available at www.govinfo.gov. For changes to this volume of the 
CFR prior to 2001, see the ``List of CFR Sections Affected, 1949-1963, 
1964-1972, 1973-1985, and 1986-2000'' published in 11 separate volumes. 
The ``List of CFR Sections Affected 1986-2000'' is available at 
www.govinfo.gov.

                                  2018

49 CFR
                                                                   83 FR
                                                                    Page
Subtitle B
Chapter III
350 Authority citation revised.....................................22873
350.105 Amend......................................................22873
350.335 (a) introductory text amended..............................22873
360.1 Stay lifted; (a) and (d)(2) revised; stayed indefinitely.....48725
360.1T (a) and (d)(2) revised...............................22873, 48725
360.3T (a)(2) introductory text, (iii) introductory text, 
        (e)(2)(i), and (iii) revised...............................22873
365.403T (a) revised...............................................22873
367.30 Revised.......................................................612
367.40 Added.........................................................612
367.50 Added.........................................................612
367.50 Revised.....................................................67130
367.60 Added.......................................................67130
370 Technical correction...........................................24228
370.3 (b) introductory text and (3) amended........................16223
370.5 (a) amended..................................................16223
370.7 (b) revised..................................................16223
370.9 (a) amended..................................................16224
371 Technical correction...........................................24228
371.109 (a) and (b) amended........................................16224
371.111 (c) amended................................................16224
373 Technical correction...........................................24228
373.103 (a) introductory text, (1) through (11), (b) introductory 
        text, and (1) through (11) redesignated as (a)(1), (i) 
        through (xi), (b)(1), and (i) through (xi); new (a)(1)(xi) 
        concluding text and new (b)(1)(xi) concluding text 
        designated as (a)(2) and (b)(2); new (a)(2) and new (b)(2) 
        revised....................................................16224
373.103 Revised....................................................22873
373.103 Regulation at 83 FR 16224 withdrawn........................22873
373.103 Regulation at 83 FR 22873 withdrawn........................26374
375 Technical correction...........................................24228
375.209 (b)(3) revised.............................................16224
375.213 (a), (b)(1), (e) introductory text, and (2) revised........16224
375.505 (b)(5) revised.............................................16224
376 Technical correction...........................................24228
376.11 (b)(1) and (d)(1) amended...................................16224
376.12 (f), (g), and (l) revised...................................16224
376.12 Regulation at 83 FR 16224 corrected.........................24228
378 Technical correction...........................................24228
378.3 (a) amended..................................................16225
378.4 (b) introductory text and (c) revised; (e) amended...........16225
378.5 (c) amended..................................................16225
378.6 Amended......................................................16225
378.7 Revised......................................................16225

[[Page 770]]

378.8 Revised......................................................16225
379 Technical correction...........................................24228
379.5 Revised......................................................16225
379.7 Revised......................................................16225
379 Appendix A amended.............................................16225
380 Authority citation revised..............................22874, 48725
380 Technical correction...........................................24228
380.107 (a) amended................................................22874
380.109 (a)(1), (5), (6), and (7) amended; (d) removed.............22874
380.201 (a) introductory text and (b) amended......................22874
380.203 (b) amended................................................22874
380.205 (b) amended................................................22874
380.303 (a) amended................................................22874
380.501--380.513 (Subpart E) Heading revised.......................22874
380.603 (b) revised................................................48725
380.605 Revised....................................................22874
380.713 Revised....................................................22875
380.715 (a) revised................................................16225
380 Appendix A amended.............................................22875
380 Appendix B amended.............................................22875
382 Authority citation revised.....................................48725
382 Technical correction...........................................24228
382.107 Amended....................................................48726
382.403 (e) amended................................................22875
382.601 (d) amended................................................16226
383 Authority citation revised; eff. 11-27-18......................48975
383.5 Amended......................................................22875
383.5 Regulation at 68 FR 23849 comment period reopened............62503
383.23 (b)(1) and footnote 1 revised...............................22875
383.23 (a)(1) revised; eff. 11-27-18...............................48975
383.23 Regulation at 68 FR 23849 comment period reopened...........62503
383.25 (c) revised.................................................65571
383.71 (h)(1) and (3) revised; (h)(4) added; interim...............28780
383.71 Regulation at 68 FR 23849 comment period reopened...........62503
383.73 (b)(8) amended..............................................22876
383.73 (a)(2)(vii), (b)(5), (o)(1)(i) introductory text, (ii) 
        introductory text, (2), (3), (4)(i)(A), and (ii) revised; 
        (o)(6) added; interim......................................28781
383.73 Regulation at 68 FR 23850 comment period reopened...........62503
383.73 (a)(2)(iii) revised.........................................65571
383.77 Revised; eff. 11-27-18......................................48975
383.79 Revised; eff. 11-27-18......................................48976
383.93 Regulation at 68 FR 23850 comment period reopened...........62503
383.141 (Subpart I) Regulation at 68 FR 23850 comment period 
        reopened...................................................62503
383.141 (Subpart I) Regulation at 70 FR 22271 comment period 
        reopened...................................................62503
384 Authority citation revised; eff. 11-27-18......................22876
384 Authority citation revised; eff. 11-27-18......................48976
384.233 Regulation at 68 FR 23850 comment period reopened..........62503
384.301 (k) added..................................................22876
384.301 (i) revised; interim.......................................28781
384.301 (l) added; eff. 11-27-18...................................48976
385 Authority citation revised.....................................48726
385.203 (c) revised................................................22876
385 Appendix B amended......................................22876, 48726
386 Authority citation revised.....................................60750
386 Appendix A amended.............................................60750
386 Appendix B amended.............................................60751
387 Authority citation revised.....................................22876
387 Technical correction...........................................24228
387.3 (c) amended..................................................22876
387.7 (b)(1) revised...............................................16226
387.7 (b)(3) revised...............................................22876
387.15 Revised.....................................................16226
387.31 (b)(1) revised..............................................16226
387.33 Reinstated; (a) revised; stayed indefinitely................22876
387.33T Revised....................................................22877
387.39 Revised.....................................................16226
387.301 Reinstated; (b) amended; stayed indefinitely...............22877
387.301T (b) amended...............................................22877
387.303 Reinstated; existing text designated as (b)(5); stayed 
        indefinitely...............................................22877
387.303T Existing text designated as (b)(5)........................22877
387.313 Reinstated; (a)(6)(1) and (2) redesignated as (a)(6)(i) 
        and (ii); stayed indefinitely..............................22877
387.313T (b) amended...............................................16226
387.413T (b) amended...............................................16226
390 Authority citation revised..............................22877, 26859
390 Technical correction...........................................24228
390 Regulatory guidance withdrawn..................................24228
390.3 Reinstated; (i)(4) and (j)(3) revised; (l) added; stayed 
        indefinitely...............................................22877

[[Page 771]]

390.3T (a)(2) introductory text amended............................22877
390.5 Stay lifted; amended; stayed indefinitely.....16226, 22877, 26860, 
                                                                   48726
390.5 Regulation at 83 FR 16226 corrected..........................24228
390.5T Amended................................16226, 22878, 26860, 48726
390.5T Regulation at 83 FR 16226 corrected.........................24228
390.7 (b)(2) removed; (b)(3) through (7) redesignated as new 
        (b)(2) through (6).........................................16226
390.15 (b) introductory text revised...............................22878
390.19T Heading revised............................................22878
390.27 Revised.....................................................22878
390.31 Revised.....................................................16226
390.32 Added.......................................................16226
390.101 Revised....................................................26860
390.103 Undesignated center heading added; (a) revised.............26860
390.109 Amended....................................................26860
390.111 (a)(1), (2), and (5)(ii)(B) revised........................26860
390.113 introductory text and (e) amended..........................26860
390.115 (a) amended; (d) introductory text revised.................22878
390.115 (c)(1)(i), (ii), (2)(i), (d)(2)(i), and (f)(1) amended; 
        (d)(2)(ii) and (f)(2) revised..............................26860
390.123--390.135 Undesignated center heading added.................26861
390.123 Added......................................................26861
390.125 Added......................................................26861
390.127 Added......................................................26861
390.129 Added......................................................26861
390.131 Added......................................................26861
390.133 Added......................................................26861
390.135 Added......................................................26861
390.300T Revised (temporary).......................................62508
391 Authority citation revised.....................................26863
391 Technical correction...........................................24228
391.23 (m)(2)(i)(B)(1), (C), (3)(i)(B)(1), and (C) revised; (m)(4) 
        added; interim.............................................28782
391.23 (a)(1) revised..............................................48726
391.41 (a)(2)(i) and (ii) revised; (a)(2)(iv) added; interim.......28782
391.41 (b)(3) revised; eff. 11-19-18...............................47520
391.43 (b) revised.................................................26863
391.43 (g)(2) and (3) revised; interim.............................28782
391.45 (d) revised; interim........................................28782
391.45 Revised; eff. 11-19-18......................................47520
391.46 Added; eff. 11-19-18........................................47520
391.51 (b)(7)(ii) and (9)(ii) revised; interim.....................28782
391.55 (b)(2) amended..............................................16227
391.64 (a) introductory text revised; (a)(3) added; eff. 11-19-18 
                                                                   47521
391.64 (a) removed; eff. 11-19-19..................................47521
391 Appendix A amended; eff. 11-19-18..............................47521
393.60 (e)(1)(ii) revised..........................................22878
395 Authority citation revised.....................................48726
395 Policy statement.........................................2744, 26377
395 Notification............................................12685, 26374
395 Technical correction...........................................24228
395.2 Amended......................................................48726
395.8 (f)(2) revised...............................................16227
395.13 (c)(2) revised..............................................22878
395.15 (b)(2), (4), (5), (e), (f), (h)(1), (i) introductory text, 
        (4), and (7) revised.......................................16227
395.15 Regulation at 83 FR 16227 corrected.........................24228
395.20--395.38 (Subpart B) Appendix A amended......................22879
396 Authority citation revised.....................................48726
396 Technical correction...........................................24228
396.11 (a)(3)(ii), (4), and (b)(4) amended.........................16227
396.12 (d) amended.................................................16227
396.17 (d) and (f) amended.........................................22881
396.23 Revised.....................................................22881
397.73 (b) revised.................................................22881
397.73 (c) revised.................................................48726
397.103 (c)(3) and (d) revised.....................................22881
397.103 (c)(3) revised.............................................48726
398 Technical correction...........................................24228
398.3 (b)(8) amended...............................................16227
398.8 Revised......................................................22881

                                  2019

49 CFR
                                                                   84 FR
                                                                    Page
Subtitle B
Chapter III
325.3 Removed......................................................51432
350.213 (b) introductory text amended..............................51432
365.203 Reinstated; section amended; stayed indefinitely...........51432
365.203T Revised...................................................51432
380 Authority citation revised......................................8040
380.707 (a) amended..........................................8040, 10437
380.725 (a) amended................................................51432

[[Page 772]]

380 Appendix A amended..............................................8040
382.107 Amended....................................................51432
382.725 (a) revised................................................68057
383 Notification....................................................8464
383.5 Regulation at 68 FR 23849 confirmed; section amended; eff. 
        10-31-19...................................................52034
383.25 (c) revised.................................................51432
383.51 (b)(10) table 1 amended.....................................35338
383.73 (b)(10), (c)(10), (d)(9), (e)(8), and (f)(4) amended........68057
383.93 Regulation at 68 FR 23850 confirmed; (b)(4) amended; eff. 
        10-31-19...................................................52034
383.141 Regulations at 68 FR 23850 and 70 FR 22271 confirmed; (b) 
        revised; eff. 10-31-19.....................................52034
384 Notification....................................................8464
384.233 Regulation at 68 FR 23850 confirmed; eff. 10-31-19.........52035
384.235 Amended....................................................68057
384.301 (j) added..................................................35339
384.301 (m) added; Correction......................................36840
385 Authority citation revised.....................................32326
385.4 Revised......................................................32326
385.13 (a) introductory text, (2), and (c) revised.................51432
385.19 (c) revised.................................................51433
385.403 Introductory text revised..................................51433
385.405 Reinstated; (b) revised; stayed indefinitely...............51433
385.405T (b) revised...............................................51433
385.415 (b)(2) removed; (b)(1) redesignated as (b); new (b) 
        heading added..............................................32326
385.417 Revised....................................................51433
385 Appendix B amended.............................................51433
386 Appendix A and Appendix B amended..............................37076
387.303 Reinstated; (b)(2)(iii) revised; stayed indefinitely.......51433
387.303T (b)(2)(iii) revised.......................................51433
387.307 (c)(4) revised.............................................51434
387.313 Reinstated; (f) removed; stayed indefinitely...............51434
387.313T (f) removed...............................................51434
387.413 Reinstated; heading revised; (f) removed; stayed 
        indefinitely...............................................51434
387.413T (f) removed...............................................51434
389.9 Heading and (a) revised......................................51434
389.39 Introductory text, (c), and (d)(1) revised..................71733
390.5 Amended; stayed indefinitely; eff. 10-15-19..................40293
390.5T Amended; eff. 10-15-19......................................40294
390.21 Reinstated; (e) revised; (f) removed; (g) and (h) 
        redesignated as (f) and (g); stayed indefinitely; eff. 10-
        15-19......................................................40294
390.21T (e) revised; (f) removed; (g) and (h) redesignated as (f) 
        and (g); eff. 10-15-19.....................................40294
390.300T--390.305 (Subpart F) Removed; eff. 10-15-19...............40295
390.401--390.403 (Subpart G) Added; eff. 10-15-19..................40295
391.41 (a)(1)(i) revised...........................................51434
391.46 (c)(2)(iv) amended..........................................51434
391.51 (b)(7)(ii) revised..........................................51434
391.53 (a) introductory text and (b)(1) revised....................51434
392 Authority citation revised.....................................51435
392.10 (b)(2) and (4) amended......................................51435
395.1 (a)(1) revised...............................................51435
395.2 Amended......................................................51435
395.3 (c) revised; (d) removed.....................................48081
396.15 (a) revised.................................................51435

                                  2020

49 CFR
                                                                   85 FR
                                                                    Page
Subtitle B
Chapter III
350 Revised........................................................37796
355 Removed........................................................37805
367.60 Revised......................................................8198
380.600 Amended; interim............................................6100
380.603 (b), (c)(1), and (2) amended; interim.......................6100
383.71 (a)(3), (b)(11), and (e)(5) amended; interim.................6100
383.73 (b)(3) introductory text, (ii), and (e)(9) revised; (b)(11) 
        and (p) amended; interim....................................6100
384.230 Amended; interim............................................6101
384.301 (k) amended; interim........................................6101
385 Authority citation revised.....................................10310
385.4 (a) amended; (b)(1) revised..................................10310
385 Appendix B amended.............................................33451
388 Removed........................................................37805
389 Authority citation revised.....................................86848
389.3 Amended......................................................86848
389.7 Amended......................................................86848
389.13 Revised.....................................................86848
389.15 (a) and (b)(1) amended......................................86849
389.21 Revised.....................................................86849
389.29 Revised.....................................................86849
389.31 Revised.....................................................86849
389.35 (a) revised.................................................86849

[[Page 773]]

395.1 (b)(1), (e)(1), (g)(1), and (h) revised......................33451
395.2 Amended......................................................33452
395.2 Amended; interim.............................................74918
395.3 (a)(2) and (3) revised.......................................33452
396.11 (a)(2)(i) revised...........................................50793
396.13 (b) and (c) revised.........................................50793

                                  2021

49 CFR
                                                                   86 FR
                                                                    Page
Subtitle B
Chapter III
350--399 (Subchapter B) Appendix F transferred to 372..............57068
350--399 (Subchapter B) Appendix G transferred to 396..............57068
365.101 Stay lifted; (h) revised; stayed indefinitely..............57068
365.101T (h) revised...............................................57068
368 Authority citation revised.....................................57068
368.8 Stay lifted; amended; stayed indefinitely....................57068
368.8T Amended.....................................................57068
371.111 (c) amended; CFR correction................................53228
372 Appendix F transferred from Subchapter B; Appendix F 
        redesignated as Appendix A.................................57068
380 Authority citation revised.....................................57069
380.501--380.513 (Subpart E) Heading revised.......................34636
380.600--380.609 (Subpart F) Heading revised.......................34636
380.603 (a)(3) revised.............................................57069
380.700--380.725 (Subpart G) Heading revised.......................34636
380.707 (a) amended................................................34636
380.723 (a), (c) introductory text, (1) introductory text, (i), 
        (ii), (2)(i), (ii), (d) introductory text, (1), (2), (e) 
        introductory text, (f)(1), and (2) amended.................57069
380.725 (b)(4) removed; (b)(5) and (6) redesignated as new (b)(4) 
        and (5)....................................................57069
380 Appendix B amended.............................................57069
381 Authority citation revised.....................................57069
381.110 Amended....................................................35639
381.200 (d)(3) through (10) redesignated as (5) through (12); 
        (d)(1) and (2) redesignated as new (d)(2) and new (3); new 
        (d)(1) and new (4) added...................................35639
381.200 (c) revised................................................57069
381.300 (c)(3) through (8) redesignated as (c)(5) through (10); 
        (c)(1) and (2) redesignated as new (c)(2) and new (3); new 
        (c)(1) and new (4) added...................................35639
381.400 (f)(3) through (8) redesignated as (f)(5) through (10); 
        (f)(1) and (2) redesignated as new (f)(2) and new (3); new 
        (f)(1) and new (4) added...................................35639
382 Authority citation revised.....................................55741
382.103 (d)(1) amended.............................................35639
382.107 Amended....................................................57069
382.121 (b)(4)(i) and (i) revised..................................35639
382.123 (b)(2) revised.............................................35639
382.305 (b)(2) amended.............................................57069
382.503 Heading revised; undesignated text designated as (a); (b) 
        added......................................................55741
382.701 (d) introductory text revised..............................35639
382.705 (b)(3)(iii), (iv), and (5)(vii) revised....................35639
382.717 Heading, (a) heading, and (1) revised......................35640
382.717 (a)(2)(i) revised..........................................55742
382.717 (c), (f)(2), and (4) amended...............................57069
382.725 (c) revised................................................35640
382.725 (a) and (b) revised........................................55742
383 Authority citation revised..............................35640, 55742
383.3 (c) revised..................................................35640
383.5 Amended...............................................35640, 55742
383.51 (b) table 1 amended.........................................35640
383.71 (h)(1) and (3) revised......................................32649
383.71 (a)(1), (a)(2) heading, and introductory text removed; 
        (a)(3), (a)(2)(i), (ii), and (iii) through (ix) 
        redesignated as (a)(10), new (a)(1), new (2), and (3) 
        through (9)................................................57070
383.73 (a)(2)(vii), (b)(5), (o)(1)(i) introductory text, (ii) 
        introductory text, (2), (3), (4)(i)(A), and (ii) revised 
                                                                   32649
383.73 (a) introductory text added; (a)(1), (2) heading, 
        introductory text removed; (a)(2)(i) through (vii) 
        redesignated as new (a)(1) through (7); new (a)(1), new 
        (6), (o)(4)(i)(A), (5), and (6) revised; new (a)(7)(A) and 
        new (B) redesignated as (a)(7)(i) and (ii).................57070
383.73 Correction: (a)(8) added....................................59872

[[Page 774]]

383.91 (d) amended.................................................35640
384 Authority citation revised.......................35642, 38940, 55743
384.208 (a) revised................................................38940
384.209 (c) revised................................................38940
384.225 (a)(3) added...............................................55743
384.230 (a) revised................................................34636
384.235 Revised....................................................55743
384.301 (i) revised................................................32650
384.301 (n) added..................................................38940
384.301 (o) added..................................................55743
384.401 Revised....................................................35642
385 Authority citation revised.....................................48044
385.3 Amended......................................................35642
385.4 (a) amended; (b) introductory text revised; (b)(2) added.....48044
385.4 (b)(1) revised...............................................72854
385.15 (c) introductory text amended...............................57070
385.21 Added.......................................................35642
385.113 (b) and (d) amended........................................57070
385.201 Revised....................................................48044
385.203 Revised....................................................48044
385.205 Revised....................................................48044
385.207 Added......................................................48044
385.423 (b), (c)(1) introductory text, (i), (3), (4), (5) 
        introductory text, (ii), (6), and (7) amended..............57070
385.711 (b) and (d) amended........................................57070
385.903 Amended....................................................57070
385.1003 Amended...................................................57071
385 Appendix B amended.............................................35642
386 Authority citation revised........................1760, 23256, 57071
386.2 Amended......................................................57071
386.3 (b) revised..................................................57071
386.11 (a) introductory text amended...............................57071
386.48 Amended.....................................................57071
386.71 Amended.....................................................57071
386.72 (b)(1) introductory text amended............................57071
386.73 (a) introductory text, (b) introductory text, (c) 
        introductory text, (1), (d), (f) introductory text, 
        (g)(1), (2), (5), (7), (h)(1), and (3) through (6) amended
                                                                   57071
386.83 (b)(2) introductory text amended............................57071
386.84 (b)(2) introductory text amended............................57071
386 Appendix A amended.......................................1760, 23256
386 Appendix B amended.......................................1761, 23257
387 Authority citation revised.....................................57071
387.9 Revised......................................................57071
387.323 Stay lifted; (c) revised; stayed indefinitely..............57072
387.323T (c) introductory text revised.............................57072
389.3 Regulation at 85 FR 86848 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21.......11891
389.7 Regulation at 85 FR 86848 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21.......11891
389.13 Regulation at 85 FR 86848 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21......11891
389.13 (a) amended.................................................17296
389.15 Regulation at 85 FR 86849 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21......11891
389.21 Regulation at 85 FR 86849 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21......11891
389.29 Regulation at 85 FR 86849 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21......11891
389.31 Regulation at 85 FR 86849 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21......11891
389.35 Regulation at 85 FR 86849 eff. date delayed to 3-21-21......11891
389.39 (d)(1) revised..............................................17296
390.3 (f)(1) revised; stayed indefinitely..........................55743
390.3T (h) introductory text revised...............................57072
390.3T (f)(1) revised..............................................55743
390.4 Added........................................................57072
390.5 Reinstated; section amended; stayed indefinitely.............35642
390.5 Stay lifted; amended; stayed indefinitely....................57072
390.5T Amended.....................................................35642
390.5T Amended.....................................................57073
390.8 Added........................................................57073
391.23 (m)(2)(i)(B)(1), (C), (3)(i)(B)(1), and (C) revised.........32650
390.23 (a)(1)(i)(B), (ii)(A), (2)(i)(B), and (ii) amended..........57073
390.25 Amended.....................................................57073
390.115 (a), (c) introductory text, (1) introductory text, (i), 
        (ii), (2)(i), (ii), (3), (d) introductory text, (1), (2) 
        introductory text, (v), (e), (f) introductory text, and 
        (5) amended................................................57074
390.135 (a), (c) introductory text, (1) introductory text, (i), 
        (ii) (2)(i), (ii), (3), (d) introductory text, (1), (2) 
        introductory text, (v), (e), (f) introductory text, and 
        (5) amended................................................57074
391.41 (a)(2)(i) and (ii) revised..................................32650

[[Page 775]]

391.41 (b)(2)(ii), (4), (11), and (12) revised.....................35643
391.43 (g)(2) and (3) revised......................................32651
391.43 (e) and (g)(4) revised......................................35643
391.43 (f) revised.................................................35643
391.45 (g) revised.................................................32651
391.47 (c), (d)(1), (2), (e), and (f) amended......................57074
391.49 (a), (b)(2), (c)(1)(i), (2)(i), (4)(i), (5)(ii), (d)(1), 
        (2), (3) introductory text, (5)(i), (e)(1), (g), (h), (i) 
        introductory text, (7), (j), and (k) revised; (b) heading 
        and (e) heading removed....................................57075
391.51 (b)(7)(ii) and (9)(ii) revised..............................32651
391.51 (b)(8) revised..............................................57076
391.61 Revised.....................................................57076
391.64 Heading revised.............................................35653
391.61 Revised.....................................................57076
392 Authority citation revised.....................................55743
392.15 Added.......................................................55743
393 Authority citation revised.....................................57076
393.5 Amended......................................................62111
393.47 (e)(1) table amended........................................57076
393.71 (h)(1) introductory text, (j)(5)(i), (k)(2), and (3)(i) 
        amended....................................................57076
393.86 (a)(1), (6) introductory text, and (b)(1) introductory text 
        revised....................................................62111
395 Authority citation revised.....................................57076
395.13 Heading, (a), (c)(1)(i), (ii), and (d)(1) through (3) 
        revised....................................................57076
395.20--395.38 (Subpart B) Appendix A amended......................57077
396.17 (a), (c) introductory text, (f), and (g) amended............57077
396.19 (a)(1) amended..............................................57077
396.21 (a)(5) amended..............................................57077
396 Appendix G transferred from Subchapter B; Appendix G 
        redesignated as Appendix A.................................57068
396 Appendix A amended......................................57077, 62111
398 Authority citation revised.....................................57077
398.4 (a) amended..................................................57077
398.7 Amended......................................................57077

                                  2022

49 CFR
                                                                   87 FR
                                                                    Page
Subtitle B
Chapter III
350.221 Amended....................................................59035
350.227 (c)(2)(ii) amended.........................................59035
350.403 (h) revised; (i) amended; (j) redesignated as (k); new (j) 
        added......................................................59035
350.405 (a) amended................................................59035
350.411 (a) amended................................................59035
360.3 Stay lifted; (e)(3)(iii) revised; stayed indefinitely........59035
360.3T (e)(2)(iii) revised.........................................59035
365 Technical correction...........................................72898
365 Appendix A added...............................................68371
367 Revised........................................................53694
367 Authority citation revised.....................................54902
371 Notification...................................................68635
371.103 Amended....................................................24446
371.111 (e) added..................................................24446
371.113 (a) revised................................................24446
375.103 Amended....................................................24446
375.211 (a)(2) introductory text revised...........................24446
375.213 (b)(1) removed; (b)(2) through (5) and (e) redesignated as 
        new (b)(1) through (4) and (f); (a), (b) introductory 
        text, and new (f) revised; new (e) added...................24446
375.215 Revised....................................................24447
375.217 (b) revised................................................24447
375.221 (c) revised................................................24447
375.401 (a), (b) introductory text, and (f) revised................24447
375.403 (a)(1), (6)(ii), and (9) revised...........................24447
375.405 (b)(7)(ii) and (c) revised.................................24447
375.501 Removed....................................................24447
375.505 (a), (b)(1) introductory text, (1) through (3), (6), (14), 
        and (d) revised; (b)(15) through (17) and (e) through (h) 
        added......................................................24447
375.605 (a) introductory text revised..............................24448
375.801 Heading revised; (a) amended...............................24448
375.803 Amended....................................................24448
375.805 Amended....................................................24448
375.807 Heading, (a), and (c)(1) through (4) amended...............24448
375 Appendix A revised.............................................24448
380.501--380.513 (Subpart E) Correction: Removed...................15345
380.703 (a)(7) and (b) amended.....................................59035
380.717 Introductory text amended..................................59035
380.723 (a) and (b) revised........................................59035
382.119 (e) amended................................................59035
382.303 (g) revised................................................59035

[[Page 776]]

383 Guidance........................................................6045
383 Authority citation revised.....................................59036
383.3 (f)(3)(ii) revised...........................................59036
383.73 (q) introductory text revised...............................59036
385.3 Amended......................................................59036
385.4 Revised......................................................78582
385 Appendix B amended......................................13208, 59036
386 Appendix A amended.............................................15870
386 Appendix B amended.............................................15871
387 Technical correction...........................................72898
387 Appendix A added...............................................68372
390 Technical correction...........................................72898
390.5 Stay lifted; amended; stayed indefinitely....................13208
390.5T Amended.....................................................13208
390 Appendix A added...............................................68372
391.11 (b)(6) removed; (b)(7) and (8) redesignated as new (b)(6) 
        and (7)....................................................13208
391.21 (b)(5) revised..............................................13208
391.23 (a)(1) and (b) revised......................................13209
391.23 (c)(4), (e)(4), (g)(5), (m)(2), and (m)(3) introductory 
        text revised...............................................59036
391.25 (a) revised.................................................13209
391.25 (c) removed.................................................59036
391.27 Removed.....................................................13209
391.31 (f) amended; (h) added.......................................3417
391.41 (b)(10) revised..............................................3417
391.43 (b)(1) revised...............................................3417
391.44 Added........................................................3417
391.45 (b) revised; (f) and (g) redesignated as (g) and (h); new 
        (f) added...................................................3419
391.51 (b)(3) revised...............................................3419
391.51 (b)(6) and (d)(3) removed; (b)(7) through (9) and (d)(4) 
        through (6) redesignated as new (b)(6) through (8) and 
        (d)(3) through (5); (b)(2), (4), new (b)(6)(iii), (d)(1), 
        and new (3) revised........................................13209
391.63 (a)(3) and (4) revised; (a)(5) removed; (b) amended.........13209
391.64 (b) introductory text revised; (b)(4) added..................3419
391.64 Correction: (b) introductory text and (4) amended............7756
391.67 (a) revised.................................................13209
391.68 (a) revised.................................................13209
391 Appendix A amended..............................................3419
393.5 Amended......................................................12604
393.60 (e)(1)(ii) revised..........................................12604
395 Notification...................................................54630
395.1 (k)(2) and (3) amended; (k)(4) added.........................59037
396 Appendix A amended.............................................59037
397.71 Footnote 1 amended..........................................59037
397.73 (b)(1)(ii) amended..........................................59037
397.103 (c)(1)(ii) amended.........................................59037

                                  2023

  (Regulations published from January 1, 2023, through October 1, 2023)

49 CFR
                                                                   88 FR
                                                                    Page
Subtitle B
Chapter III
367.30 Revised.....................................................40723
367.40 Added.......................................................40723
371 Policy statement...............................................39368
382.107 Amended....................................................27653
382.401 (b)(3) and (c)(1)(vii) amended.............................27653
382.403 (b) amended................................................27653
382.409 (b) amended................................................27653
382.705 (a)(2)(vii)(D) amended.....................................27653
386 Appendix A amended..............................................1129
386 Appendix B amended..............................................1130
391 Policy statement...............................................43065


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