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  <FDSYS>
    <CFRTITLE>14</CFRTITLE>
    <CFRTITLETEXT>Aeronautics and Space</CFRTITLETEXT>
    <VOL>1</VOL>
    <DATE>2014-01-01</DATE>
    <ORIGINALDATE>2014-01-01</ORIGINALDATE>
    <COVERONLY>false</COVERONLY>
    <TITLE>Control system details.</TITLE>
    <GRANULENUM>Â§ 29.685</GRANULENUM>
    <HEADING>Section Â§ 29.685</HEADING>
    <ANCESTORS>
      <PARENT HEADING="Title 14" SEQ="5">Aeronautics and Space</PARENT>
      <PARENT HEADING="CHAPTER I" SEQ="4">FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION</PARENT>
      <PARENT HEADING="SUBCHAPTER C" SEQ="3">AIRCRAFT</PARENT>
      <PARENT HEADING="PART 29" SEQ="2">AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT</PARENT>
      <PARENT HEADING="Subpart D" SEQ="1">Design and Construction</PARENT>
      <PARENT HEADING="" SEQ="0">Control Systems</PARENT>
    </ANCESTORS>
  </FDSYS>
  <SECTION>
    <SECTNO>§ 29.685</SECTNO>
    <SUBJECT>Control system details.</SUBJECT>
    <P>(a) Each detail of each control system must be designed to prevent jamming, chafing, and interference from cargo, passengers, loose objects, or the freezing of moisture.</P>
    <P>(b) There must be means in the cockpit to prevent the entry of foreign objects into places where they would jam the system.</P>
    <P>(c) There must be means to prevent the slapping of cables or tubes against other parts.</P>
    <P>(d) Cable systems must be designed as follows:</P>
    <P>(1) Cables, cable fittings, turnbuckles, splices, and pulleys must be of an acceptable kind.</P>
    <P>(2) The design of cable systems must prevent any hazardous change in cable tension throughout the range of travel under any operating conditions and temperature variations.</P>
    <P>(3) No cable smaller than <FR>1/8</FR> inch diameter may be used in any primary control system.</P>
    <P>(4) Pulley kinds and sizes must correspond to the cables with which they are used. The pulley-cable combinations and strength values specified in MIL-HDBK-5 must be used unless they are inapplicable.</P>
    <P>(5) Pulleys must have close fitting guards to prevent the cables from being displaced or fouled.</P>
    <P>(6) Pulleys must lie close enough to the plane passing through the cable to prevent the cable from rubbing against the pulley flange.</P>
    <P>(7) No fairlead may cause a change in cable direction of more than three degrees.</P>
    <P>(8) No clevis pin subject to load or motion and retained only by cotter pins may be used in the control system.</P>
    <P>(9) Turnbuckles attached to parts having angular motion must be installed to prevent binding throughout the range of travel.</P>
    <P>(10) There must be means for visual inspection at each fairlead, pulley, terminal, and turnbuckle.</P>
    <P>(e) Control system joints subject to angular motion must incorporate the following special factors with respect to the ultimate bearing strength of the softest material used as a bearing:</P>
    <P>(1) 3.33 for push-pull systems other than ball and roller bearing systems.</P>
    <P>(2) 2.0 for cable systems.</P>
    <P>(f) For control system joints, the manufacturer's static, non-Brinell rating of ball and roller bearings may not be exceeded.</P>
    <CITA>[Doc. No. 5084, 29 FR 16150, Dec. 3, 1964, as amended by Amdt. 29-12, 41 FR 55471, Dec. 20, 1976]</CITA>
  </SECTION>
</CFRGRANULE>
