[Title 36 CFR 242.25]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2002 Edition]
[Title 36 - PARKS, FORESTS, AND PUBLIC PROPERTY]
[Chapter II - FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE]
[Part 242 - SUBSISTENCE MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS FOR PUBLIC LANDS IN ALASKA]
[Subpart D - Subsistence Taking of Fish and Wildlife]
[Sec. 242.25 - Subsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
36PARKS, FORESTS, AND PUBLIC PROPERTY22002-07-012002-07-01falseSubsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.242.25Sec. 242.25PARKS, FORESTS, AND PUBLIC PROPERTYFOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURESUBSISTENCE MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS FOR PUBLIC LANDS IN ALASKASubsistence Taking of Fish and Wildlife
Sec. 242.25 Subsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.
(a) Definitions. The following definitions shall apply to all
regulations contained in this part:
Abalone iron means a flat device which is used for taking abalone
and which is more than 1 inch (24 mm) in width and less than 24 inches
(610 mm) in length, with all prying edges rounded and smooth.
ADF&G means the Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Airborne means transported by aircraft.
Aircraft means any kind of airplane, glider, or other device used to
transport people or equipment through the air, excluding helicopters.
Airport means an airport listed in the Federal Aviation
Administration, Alaska Airman's Guide and chart supplement.
Anchor means a device used to hold a fishing vessel or net in a
fixed position relative to the beach; this includes using part of the
seine or lead, a ship's anchor, or being secured to another vessel or
net that is anchored.
Animal means those species with a vertebral column (backbone).
Antler means one or more solid, horn-like appendages protruding from
the head of a caribou, deer, elk, or moose.
Antlered means any caribou, deer, elk, or moose having at least one
visible antler.
Antlerless means any caribou, deer, elk, or moose not having visible
antlers attached to the skull.
Bait means any material excluding a scent lure that is placed to
attract an animal by its sense of smell or taste; however, those parts
of legally taken animals that are not required to be salvaged and which
are left at the kill site are not considered bait.
Beach seine means a floating net which is designed to surround fish
and is set from and hauled to the beach.
Bear means black bear, or brown or grizzly bear.
Bow means a longbow, recurve bow, or compound bow, excluding a
crossbow, or any bow equipped with a mechanical device that holds arrows
at full draw.
Broadhead means an arrowhead that is not barbed and has two or more
steel cutting edges having a minimum cutting diameter of not less than
seven-eighths inch.
Brow tine means a tine on the front portion of a moose antler,
typically projecting forward from the base of the antler toward the
nose.
Buck means any male deer.
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Bull means any male moose, caribou, elk, or musk oxen.
Cast net means a circular net with a mesh size of no more than 1\1/
2\ inches and weights attached to the perimeter which, when thrown,
surrounds the fish and closes at the bottom when retrieved.
Char means the following species: Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinis);
lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush); brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis),
and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma).
Closed season means the time when fish, wildlife, or shellfish may
not be taken.
Crab means the following species: red king crab (Paralithodes
camshatica); blue king crab (Paralithodes platypus); brown king crab
(Lithodes aequispina); Lithodes couesi; all species of tanner or snow
crab (Chionoecetes spp.); and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister).
Cub bear means a brown or grizzly bear in its first or second year
of life, or a black bear (including cinnamon and blue phases) in its
first year of life.
Depth of net means the perpendicular distance between cork line and
lead line expressed as either linear units of measure or as a number of
meshes, including all of the web of which the net is composed.
Designated hunter or fisherman means a Federally qualified hunter or
fisherman who may take all or a portion of another Federally qualified
hunter's or fisherman's harvest limit(s) only under situations approved
by the Board.
Dip net means a bag-shaped net supported on all sides by a rigid
frame; the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the
net frame, as measured through the net opening, may not exceed 5 feet;
the depth of the bag must be at least one-half of the greatest straight-
line distance, as measured through the net opening; no portion of the
bag may be constructed of webbing that exceeds a stretched measurement
of 4.5 inches; the frame must be attached to a single rigid handle and
be operated by hand.
Diving gear means any type of hard hat or skin diving equipment,
including SCUBA equipment; a tethered, umbilical, surface-supplied unit;
or snorkel.
Drainage means all of the lands and waters comprising a watershed,
including tributary rivers, streams, sloughs, ponds, and lakes, which
contribute to the water supply of the watershed.
Drift gillnet means a drifting gillnet that has not been
intentionally staked, anchored, or otherwise fixed in one place.
Edible meat means the breast meat of ptarmigan and grouse, and,
those parts of caribou, deer, elk, mountain goat, moose, musk oxen, and
Dall sheep that are typically used for human consumption, which are: the
meat of the ribs, neck, brisket, front quarters as far as the distal
(bottom) joint of the radius-ulna (knee), hindquarters as far as the
distal joint (bottom) of the tibia-fibula (hock) and that portion of the
animal between the front and hindquarters; however, edible meat of
species listed in this definition does not include: meat of the head,
meat that has been damaged and made inedible by the method of taking,
bones, sinew, and incidental meat reasonably lost as a result of boning
or close trimming of the bones, or viscera. For black bear, brown and
grizzly bear, ``edible meat'' means the meat of the front quarter and
hindquarters and meat along the backbone (backstrap).
Federally-qualified subsistence user means a rural Alaska resident
qualified to harvest fish or wildlife on Federal public lands in
accordance with the Federal Subsistence Management Regulations in this
part.
Fifty-inch (50-inch) moose means a bull moose with an antler spread
of 50 inches or more.
Fishwheel means a fixed, rotating device, with no more than four
baskets on a single axle, for catching fish, which is driven by river
current or other means.
Freshwater of streams and rivers means the line at which freshwater
is separated from saltwater at the mouth of streams and rivers by a line
drawn headland to headland across the mouth as the waters flow into the
sea.
Full curl horn means the horn of a Dall sheep ram; the tip of which
has grown through 360 degrees of a circle described by the outer surface
of the horn, as viewed from the side, or that both horns are broken, or
that the
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sheep is at least 8 years of age as determined by horn growth annuli.
Furbearer means a beaver, coyote, arctic fox, red fox, lynx, marten,
mink, weasel, muskrat, river (land) otter, red squirrel, flying
squirrel, ground squirrel, marmot, wolf, or wolverine.
Fyke net means a fixed, funneling (fyke) device used to entrap fish.
Gear means any type of fishing apparatus.
Gillnet means a net primarily designed to catch fish by entanglement
in a mesh that consists of a single sheet of webbing which hangs between
cork line and lead line, and which is fished from the surface of the
water.
Grappling hook means a hooked device with flukes or claws, which is
attached to a line and operated by hand.
Groundfish or bottomfish means any marine fish except halibut,
osmerids, herring and salmonids.
Grouse collectively refers to all species found in Alaska, including
spruce grouse, ruffed grouse, blue grouse, and sharp-tailed grouse.
Hand purse seine means a floating net which is designed to surround
fish and which can be closed at the bottom by pursing the lead line;
pursing may only be done by hand power, and a free-running line through
one or more rings attached to the lead line is not allowed.
Handicraft means a finished product in which the shape and
appearance of the natural material has been substantially changed by the
skillful use of hands, such as sewing, carving, etching, scrimshawing,
painting, or other means, and which has substantially greater monetary
and aesthetic value than the unaltered natural material alone.
Handline means a hand-held and operated line, with one or more hooks
attached.
Hare or hares collectively refers to all species of hares (commonly
called rabbits) in Alaska and includes snowshoe hare and tundra hare.
Harvest limit means the number of any one species permitted to be
taken by any one person or designated group, per specified time period,
in a Unit or portion of a Unit in which the taking occurs even if part
or all of the harvest is preserved. A fish, when landed and killed by
means of rod and reel becomes part of the harvest limit of the person
originally hooking it.
Herring pound means an enclosure used primarily to contain live
herring over extended periods of time.
Highway means the driveable surface of any constructed road.
Household means that group of people residing in the same residence.
Hung measure means the maximum length of the cork line when measured
wet or dry with traction applied at one end only.
Hunting means the taking of wildlife within established hunting
seasons with archery equipment or firearms, and as authorized by a
required hunting license.
Hydraulic clam digger means a device using water or a combination of
air and water used to harvest clams.
Jigging gear means a line or lines with lures or baited hooks, drawn
through the water by hand, and which are operated during periods of ice
cover from holes cut in the ice, or from shore ice and which are drawn
through the water by hand.
Lead means either a length of net employed for guiding fish into a
seine, set gillnet, or other length of net, or a length of fencing
employed for guiding fish into a fishwheel, fyke net, or dip net.
Legal limit of fishing gear means the maximum aggregate of a single
type of fishing gear permitted to be used by one individual or boat, or
combination of boats in any particular regulatory area, district, or
section.
Long line means either a stationary, buoyed, or anchored line, or a
floating, free-drifting line with lures or baited hooks attached.
Marmot collectively refers to all species of marmot that occur in
Alaska including the hoary marmot, Alaska marmot, and the woodchuck.
Mechanical clam digger means a mechanical device used or capable of
being used for the taking of clams.
Mechanical jigging machine means a mechanical device with line and
hooks used to jig for halibut and bottomfish, but does not include hand
gurdies or rods with reels.
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Mile means a nautical mile when used in reference to marine waters
or a statute mile when used in reference to fresh water.
Motorized vehicle means a motor-driven land, air, or water
conveyance.
Open season means the time when wildlife may be taken by hunting or
trapping; an open season includes the first and last days of the
prescribed season period.
Otter means river or land otter only, excluding sea otter.
Permit hunt means a hunt for which State or Federal permits are
issued by registration or other means.
Poison means any substance that is toxic or poisonous upon contact
or ingestion.
Possession means having direct physical control of wildlife at a
given time or having both the power and intention to exercise dominion
or control of wildlife either directly or through another person or
persons.
Possession limit means the maximum number of fish, grouse, or
ptarmigan a person or designated group may have in possession if they
have not been canned, salted, frozen, smoked, dried, or otherwise
preserved so as to be fit for human consumption after a 15-day period.
Pot means a portable structure designed and constructed to capture
and retain live fish and shellfish in the water.
Ptarmigan collectively refers to all species found in Alaska,
including white-tailed ptarmigan, rock ptarmigan, and willow ptarmigan.
Purse seine means a floating net which is designed to surround fish
and which can be closed at the bottom by means of a free-running line
through one or more rings attached to the lead line.
Ram means a male Dall sheep.
Registration permit means a permit that authorizes hunting and is
issued to a person who agrees to the specified hunting conditions.
Hunting permitted by a registration permit begins on an announced date
and continues throughout the open season, or until the season is closed
by Board action. Registration permits are issued in the order
applications are received and/or are based on priorities as determined
by 50 CFR 100.17 and 36 CFR 242.17.
Ring net means a bag-shaped net suspended between no more than two
frames; the bottom frame may not be larger in perimeter than the top
frame; the gear must be nonrigid and collapsible so that free movement
of fish or shellfish across the top of the net is not prohibited when
the net is employed.
Rockfish means all species of the genus Sebastes.
Rod and reel means either a device upon which a line is stored on a
fixed or revolving spool and is deployed through guides mounted on a
flexible pole, or a line that is attached to a pole. In either case,
bait or an artificial fly or lure is used as terminal tackle. This
definition does not include the use of rod and reel gear for snagging.
Salmon means the following species: pink salmon (Oncorhynchus
gorbuscha); sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka); chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch); and chum
salmon (Oncorhynchus keta).
Salmon stream means any stream used by salmon for spawning, rearing,
or for traveling to a spawning or rearing area.
Salvage means to transport the edible meat, skull, or hide, as
required by regulation, of a regulated fish, wildlife, or shellfish to
the location where the edible meat will be consumed by humans or
processed for human consumption in a manner which saves or prevents the
edible meat from waste, and preserves the skull or hide for human use.
Scallop dredge means a dredge-like device designed specifically for
and capable of taking scallops by being towed along the ocean floor.
Sea urchin rake means a hand-held implement, no longer than 4 feet,
equipped with projecting prongs used to gather sea urchins.
Sealing means placing a mark or tag on a portion of a harvested
animal by an authorized representative of the ADF&G; sealing includes
collecting and
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recording information about the conditions under which the animal was
harvested, and measurements of the specimen submitted for sealing or
surrendering a specific portion of the animal for biological
information.
Set gillnet means a gillnet that has been intentionally set, staked,
anchored, or otherwise fixed.
Seven-eighths curl horn means the horn of a male Dall sheep, the tip
of which has grown through seven-eights (315 degrees) of a circle,
described by the outer surface of the horn, as viewed from the side, or
with both horns broken.
Shovel means a hand-operated implement for digging clams.
Skin, hide, pelt, or fur means any tanned or untanned external
covering of an animal's body; excluding bear. The skin, hide, fur, or
pelt of a bear shall mean the entire external covering with claws
attached.
Spear means a shaft with a sharp point or fork-like implement
attached to one end which is used to thrust through the water to impale
or retrieve fish and which is operated by hand.
Spike-fork moose means a bull moose with only one or two tines on
either antler; male calves are not spike-fork bulls.
Stretched measure means the average length of any series of 10
consecutive meshes measured from inside the first knot and including the
last knot when wet; the 10 meshes, when being measured, shall be an
integral part of the net, as hung, and measured perpendicular to the
selvages; measurements shall be made by means of a metal tape measure
while the 10 meshes being measured are suspended vertically from a
single peg or nail, under 5-pound weight.
Subsistence fishing permit means a permit issued by the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game or the Federal Subsistence Board.
Take or Taking means to fish, pursue, hunt, shoot, trap, net,
capture, collect, kill, harm, or attempt to engage in any such conduct.
Tine or antler point refers to any point on an antler, the length of
which is greater than its width and is at least one inch.
To operate fishing gear means any of the following: to deploy gear
in the water; to remove gear from the water; to remove fish or shellfish
from the gear during an open season or period; or to possess a gillnet
containing fish during an open fishing period, except that a gillnet
which is completely clear of the water is not considered to be operating
for the purposes of minimum distance requirement.
Transportation means to ship, convey, carry, or transport by any
means whatever and deliver or receive for such shipment, conveyance,
carriage, or transportation.
Trapping means the taking of furbearers within established trapping
seasons and with a required trapping license.
Trawl means a bag-shaped net towed through the water to capture fish
or shellfish, and includes beam, otter, or pelagic trawl.
Troll gear means a power gurdy troll gear consisting of a line or
lines with lures or baited hooks which are drawn through the water by a
power gurdy; hand troll gear consisting of a line or lines with lures or
baited hooks which are drawn through the water from a vessel by hand
trolling, strip fishing, or other types of trolling, and which are
retrieved by hand power or hand-powered crank and not by any type of
electrical, hydraulic, mechanical, or other assisting device or
attachment; or dinglebar troll gear consisting of one or more lines,
retrieved and set with a troll gurdy or hand troll gurdy, with a
terminally attached weight from which one or more leaders with one or
more lures or baited hooks are pulled through the water while a vessel
is making way.
Trout means the following species: cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus
clarki) and rainbow/steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Unclassified wildlife or unclassified species means all species of
animals not otherwise classified by the definitions in this paragraph
(a), or regulated under other Federal law as listed in paragraph (i) of
this section.
Ungulate means any species of hoofed mammal, including deer,
caribou, elk, moose, mountain goat, Dall sheep, and musk oxen.
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Unit means one of the 26 geographical areas in the State of Alaska
known as Game Management Units, or GMU, and collectively listed in this
section as Units.
Wildlife means any hare (rabbit), ptarmigan, grouse, ungulate, bear,
furbearer, or unclassified species and includes any part, product, egg,
or offspring thereof, or carcass or part thereof.
(b) Taking fish, wildlife, or shellfish for subsistence uses by a
prohibited method is a violation of this part. Seasons are closed unless
opened by Federal regulation. Hunting, trapping, or fishing during a
closed season or in an area closed by this part is prohibited. You may
not take for subsistence fish, wildlife, or shellfish outside
established Unit or Area seasons, or in excess of the established Unit
or Area harvest limits, unless otherwise provided for by the Board. You
may take fish, wildlife, or shellfish under State regulations on public
lands, except as otherwise restricted at Secs. 242.26 through 242.28.
Unit/Area-specific restrictions or allowances for subsistence taking of
fish, wildlife, or shellfish are identified at Secs. 242.26 through
242.28.
(c) Harvest limits. (1) Harvest limits, including those related to
ceremonial uses, authorized by this section and harvest limits
established in State regulations may not be accumulated.
(2) Fish, wildlife, or shellfish taken by a designated individual
for another person pursuant to Sec. 242.10(d)(5)(ii), counts toward the
individual harvest limit of the person for whom the fish, wildlife, or
shellfish is taken.
(3) A harvest limit applies to the number of fish, wildlife, or
shellfish that can be taken during a regulatory year; however, harvest
limits for grouse, ptarmigan, and caribou (in some Units) are regulated
by the number that may be taken per day. Harvest limits of grouse and
ptarmigan are also regulated by the number that can be held in
possession.
(4) Unless otherwise provided, any person who gives or receives
fish, wildlife, or shellfish shall furnish, upon a request made by a
Federal or State agent, a signed statement describing the following:
names and addresses of persons who gave and received fish, wildlife, or
shellfish, the time and place that the fish, wildlife, or shellfish was
taken, and identification of species transferred. Where a qualified
subsistence user has designated another qualified subsistence user to
take fish, wildlife, or shellfish on his or her behalf in accordance
with Sec. 242.10(d)(5)(ii), the permit shall be furnished in place of a
signed statement.
(d) Fishing by designated harvest permit. (1) Any species of fish
that may be taken by subsistence fishing under this part may be taken
under a designated harvest permit.
(2) If you are a Federally-qualified subsistence user, you
(beneficiary) may designate another Federally-qualified subsistence user
to take fish on your behalf. The designated fisherman must obtain a
designated harvest permit prior to attempting to harvest fish and must
return a completed harvest report. The designated fisherman may fish for
any number of beneficiaries but may have no more than two harvest limits
in his/her possession at any one time.
(3) The designated fisherman must have in possession a valid
designated fishing permit when taking, attempting to take, or
transporting fish taken under this section, on behalf of a beneficiary.
(4) The designated fisherman may not fish with more than one legal
limit of gear.
(5) You may not designate more than one person to take or attempt to
take fish on your behalf at one time. You may not personally take or
attempt to take fish at the same time that a designated fisherman is
taking or attempting to take fish on your behalf.
(e) Hunting by designated harvest permit. (1) As allowed by
Sec. 242.26, if you are a Federally-qualified subsistence user, you
(beneficiary) may designate another Federally-qualified subsistence user
to take wildlife on your behalf unless you are a member of a community
operating under a community harvest system.
(2) The designated hunter must obtain a designated hunter permit and
must return a completed harvest report.
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(3) You may not designate more than one person to take or attempt to
take fish on your behalf at one time.
(4) The designated hunter may hunt for any number of recipients but
may have no more than two harvest limits in his/her possession at any
one time, unless otherwise specified in Sec. 242.26.
(f) A rural Alaska resident who has been designated to take fish,
wildlife, or shellfish on behalf of another rural Alaska resident in
accordance with Sec. 242.10(d)(5)(ii), shall promptly deliver the fish,
wildlife, or shellfish to that rural Alaska resident.
(g) The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Subsistence
Management may issue a permit to harvest fish, wildlife, or shellfish
for a qualifying cultural/educational program to an organization that
has been granted a Federal subsistence permit for a similar event within
the previous five years. A qualifying program must have instructors,
enrolled students, minimum attendance requirements, and standards for
successful completion of the course. Applications must be submitted to
the Office of Subsistence Management 60 days prior to the earliest
desired date of harvest. Permits will be issued for no more than one
large mammal per culture/education camp. Large mammal species allowed to
be harvested are limited to deer, moose, caribou, black bear, and
mountain goat. Permits will be issued for no more than 25 fish per
culture/education camp. Any animals harvested will count against any
established Federal harvest quota for the area in which harvested.
Appeal of a rejected request can be made to the Federal Subsistence
Board. Application for an initial permit for a qualifying cultural/
educational program, for a permit when the circumstances have changed
significantly, when no permit has been issued within the previous five
years, or when there is a request for harvest in excess of that provided
in this paragraph (g), will be considered by the Federal Subsistence
Board.
(h) If a subsistence fishing or hunting permit is required by this
part, the following permit conditions apply unless otherwise specified
in this section:
(1) You may not take more fish, wildlife, or shellfish for
subsistence use than the limits set out in the permit;
(2) You must obtain the permit prior to fishing or hunting;
(3) You must have the permit in your possession and readily
available for inspection while fishing, hunting, or transporting
subsistence-taken fish, wildlife, or shellfish;
(4) If specified on the permit, you shall keep accurate daily
records of the harvest, showing the number of fish, wildlife, or
shellfish taken by species, location and date of harvest, and other such
information as may be required for management or conservation purposes;
and
(5) If the return of harvest information necessary for management
and conservation purposes is required by a permit and you fail to comply
with such reporting requirements, you are ineligible to receive a
subsistence permit for that activity during the following calendar year,
unless you demonstrate that failure to report was due to loss in the
mail, accident, sickness, or other unavoidable circumstances.
(i) You may not possess, transport, give, receive, or barter fish,
wildlife, or shellfish that was taken in violation of Federal or State
statutes or a regulation promulgated thereunder.
(j) Utilization of fish, wildlife, or shellfish. (1) You may not use
wildlife as food for a dog or furbearer, or as bait, except as allowed
for in Sec. 242.26, Sec. 242.27, or Sec. 242.28, or except for the
following:
(i) The hide, skin, viscera, head, or bones of wildlife;
(ii) The skinned carcass of a furbearer;
(iii) Squirrels, hares (rabbits), grouse, and ptarmigan; however,
you may not use the breast meat of grouse and ptarmigan as animal food
or bait;
(iv) Unclassified wildlife.
(2) If you take wildlife for subsistence, you must salvage the
following parts for human use:
(i) The hide of a wolf, wolverine, coyote, fox, lynx, marten, mink,
weasel, or otter;
(ii) The hide and edible meat of a brown bear, except that the hide
of brown bears taken in the Western and
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Northwestern Alaska Brown Bear Management Areas and Units 5 and 9(B)
need not be salvaged;
(iii) The hide and edible meat of a black bear;
(iv) The hide or meat of squirrels, hares (rabbits), marmots,
beaver, muskrats, or unclassified wildlife.
(3) You must salvage the edible meat of ungulates, bear, grouse and
ptarmigan.
(4) You may not intentionally waste or destroy any subsistence-
caught fish or shellfish; however, you may use for bait or other
purposes, whitefish, herring, and species for which bag limits, seasons,
or other regulatory methods and means are not provided in this section,
as well as the head, tail, fins, and viscera of legally-taken
subsistence fish.
(5) Failure to salvage the edible meat may not be a violation if
such failure is caused by circumstances beyond the control of a person,
including theft of the harvested fish, wildlife, or shellfish,
unanticipated weather conditions, or unavoidable loss to another animal.
(6) You may sell handicraft articles made from the fur of a black
bear.
(k) The regulations found in this part do not apply to the
subsistence taking and use of fish, wildlife, or shellfish regulated
pursuant to the Fur Seal Act of 1966 (80 Stat. 1091, 16 U.S.C. 1187),
the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87 Stat. 884, 16 U.S.C. 1531-1543),
the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (86 Stat. 1027; 16 U.S.C. 1361-
1407), and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (40 Stat. 755; 16 U.S.C. 703-
711), or any amendments to these Acts. The taking and use of fish,
wildlife, or shellfish, covered by these Acts, will conform to the
specific provisions contained in these Acts, as amended, and any
implementing regulations.
(l) Rural residents, nonrural residents, and nonresidents not
specifically prohibited by Federal regulations from fishing, hunting, or
trapping on public lands in an area, may fish, hunt, or trap on public
lands in accordance with the appropriate State regulations.
[67 FR 43722, June 28, 2002]