[Title 49 CFR ]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - October 1, 1996 Edition]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]


          49



          Transportation



[[Page i]]

          PARTS 186 to 199

          Revised as of October 1, 1996
          CONTAINING
          A CODIFICATION OF DOCUMENTS
          OF GENERAL APPLICABILITY
          AND FUTURE EFFECT

          AS OF OCTOBER 1, 1996

          With Ancillaries
          Published by
          the Office of the Federal Register
          National Archives and Records
          Administration

          as a Special Edition of
          the Federal Register



[[Page ii]]

                                      

               ----------------------------------------------------------
               As of October 1, 1996

               Title 49, Parts 178 to 199

               Revised as of October 1, 1995

               Is Replaced by

               Title 49, Parts 186 to 199
               ----------------------------------------------------------


                     U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
                            WASHINGTON : 1996



               For sale by U.S. Government Printing Office
 Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328



[[Page iii]]




                            Table of Contents


                                                                    Page
  Explanation.................................................       v
  Title 49:
      Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to 
                                                                                Transportation--Continued:


          Chapter I--Research and Special Programs 
          Administration, Department of Transportation--
          Continued                                                  5
  Finding Aids:
    Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference..........     191
    Table of CFR Titles and Chapters..........................     197
    Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR........     213
    List of CFR Sections Affected.............................     223

[[Page iv]]



      



                                                                                                                
                                  ----------------------------------------------------------                    

    Cite this Code:  CFR                                                         
                                                                                                                
    To cite the regulations in this volume use title, part                       
    and section number. Thus, 49 CFR 190.1 refers to title                      
    49, part 190, section 1.                                                    
                                  ----------------------------------------------------------                    
                                                                                                                


[[Page v]]

                               EXPLANATION

    The Code of Federal Regulations is a codification of the general and 
permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the Executive 
departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The Code is divided 
into 50 titles which represent broad areas subject to Federal 
regulation. Each title is divided into chapters which usually bear the 
name of the issuing agency. Each chapter is further subdivided into 
parts covering specific regulatory areas.
    Each volume of the Code is revised at least once each calendar year 
and issued on a quarterly basis approximately as follows:

Title 1 through Title 16.................................as of January 1
Title 17 through Title 27..................................as of April 1
Title 28 through Title 41...................................as of July 1
Title 42 through Title 50................................as of October 1
    The appropriate revision date is printed on the cover of each 
volume.

LEGAL STATUS

    The contents of the Federal Register are required to be judicially 
noticed (44 U.S.C. 1507). The Code of Federal Regulations is prima facie 
evidence of the text of the original documents (44 U.S.C. 1510).

HOW TO USE THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

    The Code of Federal Regulations is kept up to date by the individual 
issues of the Federal Register. These two publications must be used 
together to determine the latest version of any given rule.
    To determine whether a Code volume has been amended since its 
revision date (in this case, October 1, 1996), consult the ``List of CFR 
Sections Affected (LSA),'' which is issued monthly, and the ``Cumulative 
List of Parts Affected,'' which appears in the Reader Aids section of 
the daily Federal Register. These two lists will identify the Federal 
Register page number of the latest amendment of any given rule.

EFFECTIVE AND EXPIRATION DATES

    Each volume of the Code contains amendments published in the Federal 
Register since the last revision of that volume of the Code. Source 
citations for the regulations are referred to by volume number and page 
number of the Federal Register and date of publication. Publication 
dates and effective dates are usually not the same and care must be 
exercised by the user in determining the actual effective date. In 
instances where the effective date is beyond the cut-off date for the 
Code a note has been inserted to reflect the future effective date. In 
those instances where a regulation published in the Federal Register 
states a date certain for expiration, an appropriate note will be 
inserted following the text.

OMB CONTROL NUMBERS

    The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (Pub. L. 96-511) requires 
Federal agencies to display an OMB control number with their information 
collection request.

[[Page vi]]

Many agencies have begun publishing numerous OMB control numbers as 
amendments to existing regulations in the CFR. These OMB numbers are 
placed as close as possible to the applicable recordkeeping or reporting 
requirements.

OBSOLETE PROVISIONS

    Provisions that become obsolete before the revision date stated on 
the cover of each volume are not carried. Code users may find the text 
of provisions in effect on a given date in the past by using the 
appropriate numerical list of sections affected. For the period before 
January 1, 1986, consult either the List of CFR Sections Affected, 1949-
1963, 1964-1972, or 1973-1985, published in seven separate volumes. For 
the period beginning January 1, 1986, a ``List of CFR Sections 
Affected'' is published at the end of each CFR volume.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

    What is incorporation by reference? Incorporation by reference was 
established by statute and allows Federal agencies to meet the 
requirement to publish regulations in the Federal Register by referring 
to materials already published elsewhere. For an incorporation to be 
valid, the Director of the Federal Register must approve it. The legal 
effect of incorporation by reference is that the material is treated as 
if it were published in full in the Federal Register (5 U.S.C. 552(a)). 
This material, like any other properly issued regulation, has the force 
of law.
    What is a proper incorporation by reference? The Director of the 
Federal Register will approve an incorporation by reference only when 
the requirements of 1 CFR part 51 are met. Some of the elements on which 
approval is based are:
    (a) The incorporation will substantially reduce the volume of 
material published in the Federal Register.
    (b) The matter incorporated is in fact available to the extent 
necessary to afford fairness and uniformity in the administrative 
process.
    (c) The incorporating document is drafted and submitted for 
publication in accordance with 1 CFR part 51.
    Properly approved incorporations by reference in this volume are 
listed in the Finding Aids at the end of this volume.
    What if the material incorporated by reference cannot be found? If 
you have any problem locating or obtaining a copy of material listed in 
the Finding Aids of this volume as an approved incorporation by 
reference, please contact the agency that issued the regulation 
containing that incorporation. If, after contacting the agency, you find 
the material is not available, please notify the Director of the Federal 
Register, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC 
20408, or call (202) 523-4534.

CFR INDEXES AND TABULAR GUIDES

    A subject index to the Code of Federal Regulations is contained in a 
separate volume, revised annually as of January 1, entitled CFR Index 
and Finding Aids. This volume contains the Parallel Table of Statutory 
Authorities and Agency Rules (Table I), and Acts Requiring Publication 
in the Federal Register (Table II). A list of CFR titles, chapters, and 
parts and an alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are 
also included in this volume.
    An index to the text of ``Title 3--The President'' is carried within 
that volume.
    The Federal Register Index is issued monthly in cumulative form. 
This index is based on a consolidation of the ``Contents'' entries in 
the daily Federal Register.

[[Page vii]]

    A List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA) is published monthly, keyed to 
the revision dates of the 50 CFR titles.

REPUBLICATION OF MATERIAL

    There are no restrictions on the republication of material appearing 
in the Code of Federal Regulations.

INQUIRIES

    For a legal interpretation or explanation of any regulation in this 
volume, contact the issuing agency. The issuing agency's name appears at 
the top of odd-numbered pages.
    For inquiries concerning CFR reference assistance, call 202-523-5227 
or write to the Director, Office of the Federal Register, National 
Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC 20408.
SALES

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                              Richard L. Claypoole,
                                    Director,
                          Office of the Federal Register.

October 1, 1996.



[[Page ix]]



                               THIS TITLE

    Title 49--Transportation is composed of seven volumes. The parts in 
these volumes are arranged in the following order: Parts 1-99, parts 
100-185, parts 186-199, parts 200-399, parts 400-999, parts 1000-1199, 
part 1200 to End. The first volume (parts 1-99) contains current 
regulations issued under subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of 
Transportation; the second volume (parts 100-185) and the third volume 
(parts 186-199) contain the current regulations issued under chapter I--
Research and Special Programs Administration (DOT); the fourth volume 
(parts 200-399) contains the current regulations issued under chapter 
II--Federal Railroad Administration (DOT), and chapter III--Federal 
Highway Administration (DOT); the fifth volume (parts 400-999) contains 
the current regulations issued under chapter IV--Coast Guard (DOT), 
chapter V--National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (DOT), chapter 
VI--Federal Transit Administration (DOT), chapter VII--National Railroad 
Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK), and chapter VIII--National 
Transportation Safety Board; the sixth volume (parts 1000-1199) and the 
seventh volume (part 1200 to End) both contain current regulations 
issued under chapter X--Surface Transportation Board, Department of 
Transportation. The contents of these volumes represent all current 
regulations codified under this title of the CFR as of October 1, 1996.

    In the volume containing parts 100-185, see Sec. 172.101 for the 
Hazardous Materials Table, and Sec. 172.102 for the Optional Hazardous 
Materials Table. An Identification Number Cross Reference Index to 
Proper Shipping Names in Secs. 172.101 and 172.102 appears at the 
beginning of part 172. The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards appear 
in part 571.

    Redesignation tables for chapter X--Surface Transportation Board, 
Department of Transportation appear in the Finding Aids section of the 
sixth and seventh volumes.

    For this volume Christopher R. Choate was the Chief Editor. The Code 
of Federal Regulations publication program is under the direction of 
Frances D. McDonald, assisted by Alomha S. Morris.

[[Page x]]



 
[[Page 1]]



                        TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION




                  (This book contains parts 186 to 199)

  --------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                                    Part
SUBTITLE B--Other Regulations Relating To Transportation--Continued

chapter I--Research and Special Programs Administration, 
  Department of Transportation--Continued...................         190

  Editorial Note: Other regulations issued by the Department of 
Transportation appear in 14 CFR chapters I and II, 23 CFR, 33 CFR 
chapters I and IV, 44 CFR chapter IV, 46 CFR chapters I through III, 48 
CFR chapter 12, and 49 CFR chapters I through VI.

[[Page 3]]



   Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to Transportation--Continued

  --------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 5]]



 CHAPTER I--RESEARCH AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF  TRANSPORTATION--Continued




  --------------------------------------------------------------------

                      SUBCHAPTER D--PIPELINE SAFETY
Part                                                                Page

190             Pipeline safety programs and rulemaking 
                    procedures..............................           7
191             Transportation of natural and other gas by 
                    pipeline; annual reports, incident 
                    reports, and safety-related condition 
                    reports.................................          21
192             Transportation of natural and other gas by 
                    pipeline: minimum Federal safety 
                    standards...............................          26
193             Liquefied natural gas facilities: Federal 
                    safety standards........................          86
194             Response plans for onshore oil pipelines....         128
195             Transportation of hazardous liquids by 
                    pipeline................................         137
196-197   [Reserved]
198             Regulations for grants to aid state pipeline 
                    safety programs.........................         168
199             Drug and alcohol testing....................         171

[[Page 7]]



                      SUBCHAPTER D--PIPELINE SAFETY





PART 190 --PIPELINE SAFETY PROGRAMS AND RULEMAKING PROCEDURES--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
190.1  Purpose and scope.
190.3  Definitions.
190.5  Service.
190.7  Subpoenas; witness fees.
190.9  Petitions for finding or approval.

                         Subpart B--Enforcement

190.201  Purpose and scope.
190.203  Inspections.
190.205  Warning letters.
190.207  Notice of probable violation.
190.209  Response options.
190.211  Hearing.
190.213  Final order.
190.215  Petitions for reconsideration.

                            Compliance Orders

190.217  Compliance orders generally.
190.219  Consent order.

                             Civil Penalties

190.221  Civil penalties generally.
190.223  Maximum penalties.
190.225  Assessment considerations.
190.227  Payment of penalty.

                           Criminal Penalties

190.229  Criminal penalties generally.
190.231  Referral for prosecution.

                             Specific Relief

190.233  Hazardous facility orders.
190.235  Injunctive action.
190.237  Amendment of plans or procedures.

               Subpart C--Procedures for Adoption of Rules

190.301  Scope.
190.303  Delegations.
190.305  Regulatory dockets.
190.307  Records.
190.309  Where to file petitions.
190.311  General.
190.313  Initiation of rulemaking.
190.315  Contents of notices of proposed rulemaking.
190.317  Participation by interested persons.
190.319  Petitions for extension of time to comment.
190.321  Contents of written comments.
190.323  Consideration of comments received.
190.325  Additional rulemaking proceedings.
190.327  Hearings.
190.329  Adoption of final rules.
190.331  Petitions for rulemaking.
190.333  Processing of petition.
190.335  Petitions for reconsideration.
190.337  Proceedings on petitions for reconsideration.
190.338  Appeals.
190.339  Direct final rulemaking.

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321; 49 U.S.C. 5101-5127, 60101 et seq.; 49 
CFR 1.53.

    Source: 45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, unless otherwise noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 190.1  Purpose and scope.

    (a) This part prescribes procedures used by the Research and Special 
Programs Administration in carrying out duties regarding pipeline safety 
under 49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq. (the pipeline safety laws) and 49 U.S.C. 
5101 et seq. (the hazardous material transportation laws).
    (b) This subpart defines certain terms and prescribes procedures 
that are applicable to each proceeding described in this part.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18512, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.3  Definitions.

    As used in this part:
    Hearing means an informal conference or a proceeding for oral 
presentation. Unless otherwise specifically prescribed in this part, the 
use of ``hearing'' is not intended to require a hearing on the record in 
accordance with section 554 of title 5, U.S.C.
    OPS means the Office of Pipeline Safety, which is part of the 
Research and Special Programs Administration, U.S. Department of 
Transportation.
    Person means any individual, firm, joint venture, partnership, 
corporation, association, State, municipality, cooperative association, 
or joint stock association, and includes any trustee, receiver, 
assignee, or personal representative thereof.
    Presiding Official means the person who conducts any hearing 
relating to civil penalty assessments, compliance orders or hazardous 
facility orders.

[[Page 8]]

    Regional Director means the head of any one of the Regional Offices 
of the Office of Pipeline Safety, or a designee appointed by the 
Regional Director. Regional Offices are located in Washington, DC 
(Eastern Region); Atlanta, Georgia (Southern Region); Kansas City, 
Missouri (Central Region); Houston, Texas (Southwest Region); and 
Lakewood, Colorado (Western Region).
    Respondent means a person upon whom the OPS has served a notice of 
probable violation.
    RSPA means the Research and Special Programs Administration of the 
United States Department of Transportation.
    State means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia 
and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

[Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18513, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.5  Service.

    (a) Each order, notice, or other document required to be served 
under this part shall be served personally or by registered or certified 
mail.
    (b) Service upon a person's duly authorized representative or agent 
constitutes service upon that person.
    (c) Service by registered or certified mail is complete upon 
mailing. An official U. S. Postal Service receipt from the registered or 
certified mailing constitutes prima facie evidence of service.



Sec. 190.7  Subpoenas; witness fees.

    (a) The Administrator, RSPA, the Chief Counsel, Research and Special 
Programs Administration, or the official designated by the 
Administrator, RSPA to preside over a hearing convened in accordance 
with this part, may sign and issue subpoenas either on his own 
initiative or, upon request and adequate showing by any person 
participating in the proceeding that the information sought will 
materially advance the proceeding.
    (b) A subpoena may require the attendance of a witness, or the 
production of documentary or other tangible evidence in the possession 
or under the control of person served, or both.
    (c) A subpoena may be served personally by any person who is not an 
interested person and is not less than 18 years of age, or by certified 
or registered mail.
    (d) Service of a subpoena upon the person named therein shall be 
made by delivering a copy of the subpoena to such person and by 
tendering the fees for one day's attendance and mileage as specified by 
paragraph (g) of this section. When a subpoena is issued at the instance 
of any officer or agency of the United States, fees and mileage need not 
be tendered at the time of service. Delivery of a copy of a subpoena and 
tender of the fees to a natural person may be made by handing them to 
the person, leaving them at the person's office with the person in 
charge thereof, leaving them at the person's dwelling place or usual 
place of abode with some person of suitable age and discretion then 
residing therein, by mailing them by registered or certified mail to the 
person at the last known address, or by any method whereby actual notice 
is given to the person and the fees are made available prior to the 
return date.
    (e) When the person to be served is not a natural person, delivery 
of a copy of the subpoena and tender of the fees may be effected by 
handing them to a designated agent or representative for service, or to 
any officer, director, or agent in charge of any office of the person, 
or by mailing them by registered or certified mail to that agent or 
representative and the fees are made available prior to the return date.
    (f) The original subpoena bearing a certificate of service shall be 
filed with the official having responsibility for the proceeding in 
connection with which the subpoena was issued.
    (g) A subpoenaed witness shall be paid the same fees and mileage as 
would be paid to a witness in a proceeding in the district courts of the 
United States. The witness fees and mileage shall be paid by the person 
at whose instance the subpoena was issued.
    (h) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (g) of this section, 
and upon request, the witness fees and mileage may be paid by the RSPA 
if the official who issued the subpoena determines on the basis of good 
cause shown, that:
    (1) The presence of the subpoenaed witness will materially advance 
the proceeding; and

[[Page 9]]

    (2) The person at whose instance the subpoena was issued would 
suffer a serious hardship if required to pay the witness fees and 
mileage.
    (i) Any person to whom a subpoena is directed may, prior to the time 
specified therein for compliance, but in no event more than 10 days 
after the date of service of such subpoena, apply to the official who 
issued the subpoena, or if the person is unavailable, to the 
Administrator, RSPA to quash or modify the subpoena. The application 
shall contain a brief statement of the reasons relied upon in support of 
the action sought therein. The Administrator, RSPA, or this issuing 
official, as the case may be, may:
    (1) Deny the application;
    (2) Quash or modify the subpoena; or
    (3) Condition a grant or denial of the application to quash or 
modify the subpoena upon the satisfaction of certain just and reasonable 
requirements. The denial may be summary.
    (j) Upon refusal to obey a subpoena served upon any person under the 
provisions of this section, the RSPA may request the Attorney General to 
seek the aid of the U. S. District Court for any District in which the 
person is found to compel that person, after notice, to appear and give 
testimony, or to appear and produce the subpoenaed documents before the 
RSPA, or both.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18513, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.9  Petitions for finding or approval.

    (a) In circumstances where a rule contained in parts 192, 193 and 
195 of this chapter authorizes the Administrator to make a finding or 
approval, an operator may petition the Administrator for such a finding 
or approval.
    (b) Each petition must refer to the rule authorizing the action 
sought and contain information or arguments that justify the action. 
Unless otherwise specified, no public proceeding is held on a petition 
before it is granted or denied. After a petition is received, the 
Administrator or participating state agency notifies the petitioner of 
the disposition of the petition or, if the request requires more 
extensive consideration or additional information or comments are 
requested and delay is expected, of the date by which action will be 
taken.
    (1) For operators seeking a finding or approval involving intrastate 
pipeline transportation, petitions must be sent to:
    (i) The State agency certified to participate under 49 U.S.C. 60105.
    (ii) Where there is no state agency certified to participate, the 
Administrator, Research and Special Programs Administration, 400 7th 
Street SW., Washington, DC 20590.
    (2) For operators seeking a finding or approval involving interstate 
pipeline transportation, petitions must be sent to the Administrator, 
Research and Special Programs Administration, 400 7th Street SW., 
Washington, DC 20590.
    (c) All petitions must be received at least 90 days prior to the 
date by which the operator requests the finding or approval to be made.
    (d) The Administrator will make all findings or approvals of 
petitions initiated under this section. A participating state agency 
receiving petitions initiated under this section shall provide the 
Administrator a written recommendation as to the disposition of any 
petition received by them. Where the Administrator does not reverse or 
modify a recommendation made by a state agency within 10 business days 
of its receipt, the recommended disposition shall constitute the 
Administrator's decision on the petition.

[Amdt. 190-5, 59 FR 17280, Apr. 12, 1994, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 
FR 18513, Apr. 26, 1996]



                         Subpart B--Enforcement



Sec. 190.201  Purpose and scope.

    (a) This subpart describes the enforcement authority and sanctions 
exercised by the Associate Administrator, OPS for achieving and 
maintaining pipeline safety. It also prescribes the procedures governing 
the exercise of that authority and the imposition of those sanctions.
    (b) A person who is the subject of action pursuant to this subpart 
may be represented by legal counsel at all stages of the proceeding.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18513, 
Apr. 26, 1996]

[[Page 10]]



Sec. 190.203  Inspections.

    (a) Officers, employees, or agents authorized by the Associate 
Administrator, OPS upon presenting appropriate credentials, are 
authorized to enter upon, inspect, and examine, at reasonable times and 
in a reasonable manner, the records and properties of persons to the 
extent such records and properties are relevant to determining the 
compliance of such persons with the requirements of 49 U.S.C. 60101 et 
seq. or regulations, or orders issued thereunder.
    (b) Inspections are ordinarily conducted pursuant to one of the 
following:
    (1) Routine scheduling by the Regional Director of the Region in 
which the facility is located;
    (2) A complaint received from a member of the public;
    (3) Information obtained from a previous inspection;
    (4) Report from a State Agency participating in the Federal Program 
under 49 U.S.C. 60105;
    (5) Pipeline accident or incident; or
    (6) Whenever deemed appropriate by the Administrator, RSPA or his 
designee.
    (c) If, after an inspection, the Associate Administrator, OPS 
believes that further information is needed to determine appropriate 
action, the Associate Administrator, OPS may send the owner or operator 
a ``Request for Specific Information'' to be answered within 45 days 
after receipt of the letter.
    (d) To the extent necessary to carry out the responsibilities under 
49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq., the Administrator, RSPA or the Associate 
Administrator, OPS may require testing of portions of pipeline 
facilities that have been involved in, or affected by, an accident. 
However, before exercising this authority, the Administrator, RSPA or 
the Associate Administrator, OPS shall make every effort to negotiate a 
mutually acceptable plan with the owner of those facilities and, where 
appropriate, the National Transportation Safety Board for performing the 
testing.
    (e) When the information obtained from an inspection or from other 
appropriate sources indicates that further OPS action is warranted, the 
OPS issues a warning letter under Sec. 190.205 or initiates one or more 
of the enforcement proceedings prescribed in Secs. 190.207 through 
190.235.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 17, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-3, 56 FR 31090, 
July 9, 1991; Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18513, Apr. 26, 1996; Amdt. 190-7, 61 
FR 27792, June 3, 1996]



Sec. 190.205   Warning letters.

    Upon determining that a probable violation of 49 U.S.C. 60101 et 
seq. or any regulation or order issued thereunder has occurred, the 
Associate Administrator, OPS, may issue a Warning Letter notifying the 
owner or operator of the probable violation and advising the owner or 
operator to correct it or be subject to enforcement action under 
Secs. 190.207 through 190.235.

[Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 38403, July 24, 1996]



Sec. 190.207  Notice of probable violation.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided by this subpart, a Regional 
Director begins an enforcement proceeding by serving a notice of 
probable violation on a person charging that person with a probable 
violation of 49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq. or any regulation or order issued 
thereunder.
    (b) A notice of probable violation issued under this section shall 
include:
    (1) Statement of the provisions of the laws, regulations or orders 
which the respondent is alleged to have violated and a statement of the 
evidence upon which the allegations are based;
    (2) Notice of response options available to the respondent under 
Sec. 190.209;
    (3) If a civil penalty is proposed under Sec. 190.221, the amount of 
the proposed civil penalty and the maximum civil penalty for which 
respondent is liable under law; and
    (4) If a compliance order is proposed under Sec. 190.217, a 
statement of the remedial action being sought in the form of a proposed 
compliance order.
    (c) The Associate Administrator, OPS may amend a notice of probable 
violation at any time prior to issuance of a final order under 
Sec. 190.213. If an amendment includes any new material allegations of 
fact or proposes an increased civil penalty amount or new or additional 
remedial action under

[[Page 11]]

Sec. 190.217, the respondent shall have the opportunity to respond under 
Sec. 190.209.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18513, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.209  Response options.

    Within 30 days of receipt of a notice of probable violation the 
respondent shall respond to the Regional Director who issued the notice 
in the following way:
    (a) When the notice contains a proposed civil penalty--
    (1) Pay the proposed civil penalty as provided in Sec. 190.227 and 
close the case with prejudice to the respondent;
    (2) Submit written explanations, information or other materials in 
answer to the allegations or in mitigation of the proposed civil 
penalty; or
    (3) Request a hearing under Sec. 190.211.
    (b) When the notice contains a proposed compliance order--
    (1) Agree to the proposed compliance order;
    (2) Request the execution of a consent order under Sec. 190.219;
    (3) Object to the proposed compliance order and submit written 
explanations, information or other materials in answer to the 
allegations in the notice of probable violation; or
    (4) Request a hearing under Sec. 190.211.
    (c) Failure of the respondent to respond in accordance with 
paragraph (a) of this section or, when applicable, paragraph (c) of this 
section, constitutes a waiver of the right to contest the allegations in 
the notice of probable violation and authorizes the Associate 
Administrator, OPS, without further notice to the respondent, to find 
facts to be as alleged in the notice of probable violation and to issue 
a final order under Sec. 190.213.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-1, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 
21, 1988; Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18513, Apr. 26, 1996; Amdt. 190-7, 61 FR 
27792, June 3, 1996]



Sec. 190.211  Hearing.

    (a) A request for a hearing provided for in this part must be 
accompanied by a statement of the issues that the respondent intends to 
raise at the hearing. The issues may relate to the allegations in the 
notice, the proposed corrective action (including a proposed amendment, 
a proposed compliance order, or a proposed hazardous facility order), or 
the proposed civil penalty amount. A respondent's failure to specify an 
issue may result in waiver of the respondent's right to raise that issue 
at the hearing. The respondent's request must also indicate whether or 
not the respondent will be represented by counsel at the hearing.
    (b) A telephone hearing will be held if the amount of the proposed 
civil penalty or the cost of the proposed corrective action is less than 
$10,000, unless the respondent submits a written request for an in-
person hearing. Hearings are held in a location agreed upon by the 
presiding official, OPS and the respondent.
    (c) An attorney from the Office of the Chief Counsel, Research and 
Special Programs Administration, serves as the presiding official at the 
hearing.
    (d) The hearing is conducted informally without strict adherence to 
rules of evidence. The respondent may submit any relevant information 
and material and call witnesses on the respondent's behalf. The 
respondent may also examine the evidence and witnesses presented by the 
government. No detailed record of a hearing is prepared.
    (e) Upon request by respondent, and whenever practicable, the 
material in the case file pertinent to the issues to be determined is 
provided to the respondent 30 days before the hearing. The respondent 
may respond to or rebut this material at the hearing.
    (f) During the hearing, the respondent may offer any facts, 
statements, explanations, documents, testimony or other items which are 
relevant to the issues under consideration.
    (g) At the close of the respondent's presentation, the presiding 
official may present or allow the presentation of any OPS rebuttal 
information. The respondent may then respond to that information.
    (h) After the evidence in the case has been presented, the presiding 
official shall permit argument on the issues under consideration.
    (i) The respondent may also request an opportunity to submit further 
written materal for inclusion in the case file. The presiding official 
shall allow a reasonable time for the submission of

[[Page 12]]

the material and shall specify the date by which it must be submitted. 
If the material is not submitted within the time prescribed, the case 
shall proceed to final action without the material.
    (j) After submission of all materials during and after the hearing, 
the presiding official shall prepare a written recommendation as to 
final action in the case. This recommendation, along with any material 
submitted during and after the hearing, shall be included in the case 
file which is forwarded to the Associate Administrator, OPS for final 
administrative action.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 17, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-3, 56 FR 31090, 
July 9, 1991; Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18514, Apr. 26, 1996; Amdt. 190-7, 61 
FR 27792, June 3, 1996]



Sec. 190.213  Final order.

    (a) After a hearing under Sec. 190.211 or, if no hearing has been 
held, after expiration of the 30 day response period prescribed in 
Sec. 190.209, the case file of an enforcement proceeding commenced under 
Sec. 190.207 is forwarded to the Associate Administrator, OPS for 
issuance of a final order.
    (b) The case file of an enforcement proceeding commenced under 
Sec. 190.207 includes:
    (1) The inspection reports and any other evidence of alleged 
violations;
    (2) A copy of the notice of probable violation issued under 
Sec. 190.207;
    (3) Material submitted by the respondent in accord with Sec. 190.209 
in response to the notice of probable violation;
    (4) The Regional Director's evaluation of response material 
submitted by the respondent and recommendation for final action to be 
taken under this section; and
    (5) In cases involving a Sec. 190.211 hearing, any material 
submitted during and after the hearing and the presiding official's 
recommendation for final action to be taken under this section.
    (c) Based on a review of a case file described in paragraph (b) of 
this section, the Associate Administrator, OPS shall issue a final order 
that includes--
    (1) A statement of findings and determinations on all material 
issues, including a determination as to whether each alleged violation 
has been proved;
    (2) If a civil penalty is assessed, the amount of the penalty and 
the procedures for payment of the penalty, provided that the assessed 
civil penalty may not exceed the penalty proposed in the notice of 
probable violation; and
    (3) If a compliance order is issued, a statement of the actions 
required to be taken by the respondent and the time by which such 
actions must be accomplished.
    (d) Except as provided by Sec. 190.215, an order issued under this 
section regarding an enforcement proceeding is considered final 
administrative action on that enforcement proceeding.
    (e) It is the policy of the Associate Administrator, OPS to issue a 
final order under this section within 45 days of receipt of the case 
file, unless it is found impracticable to take action within that time. 
In cases where it is so found and the delay beyond that period is 
expected to be substantial, notice of that fact and the date by which it 
is expected that action will be taken is issued to the respondent.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18514, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.215  Petitions for reconsideration.

    (a) A respondent may petition the Associate Administrator, OPS for 
reconsideration of a final order issued under Sec. 190.213. It is 
requested, but not required, that three copies be submitted. The 
petition must be received no later than 20 days after service of the 
final order upon the respondent. Petitions received after that time will 
not be considered. The petition must contain a brief statement of the 
complaint and an explanation as to why the effectiveness of the final 
order should be stayed.
    (b) If the respondent requests the consideration of additional facts 
or arguments, the respondent must submit the reasons they were not 
presented prior to issuance of the final order.
    (c) The Associate Administrator, OPS does not consider repetitious 
information, arguments, or petitions.
    (d) The filing of a petition under this section stays the payment of 
any civil penalty assessed. However, unless the Associate Administrator, 
OPS otherwise provides, the order, including any

[[Page 13]]

required corrective action, is not stayed.
    (e) The Associate Administrator, OPS may grant or deny, in whole or 
in part, any petition for reconsideration without further proceedings. 
In the event the Associate Administrator, OPS reconsiders a final order, 
a final decision on reconsideration may be issued without further 
proceedings, or, in the alternative, additional information, data, and 
comment may be requested by the Associate Administrator, OPS as deemed 
appropriate.
    (f) It is the policy of the Associate Administrator, OPS to issue 
notice of the action taken on a petition for reconsideration within 20 
days after receipt of the petition, unless it is found impracticable to 
take action within that time. In cases where it is so found and delay 
beyond that period is expected to be substantial, notice of that fact 
and the date by which it is expected that action will be taken is issued 
to the respondent.

[Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18514, Apr. 26, 1996, as amended by Amdt 190-7, 61 
FR 27792, June 3, 1996]

                            Compliance Orders



Sec. 190.217  Compliance orders generally.

    When the Associate Administrator, OPS has reason to believe that a 
person is engaging in conduct which involves a violation of the 49 
U.S.C. 60101 et seq. or any regulation issued thereunder, and if the 
nature of the violation, and the public interest warrant, the Associate 
Administrator, OPS may conduct proceedings under Secs. 190.207 through 
190.213 of this part to determine the nature and extent of the 
violations and to issue an order directing compliance.

[Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18514, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.219  Consent order.

    (a) At any time before the issuance of a compliance order under 
Sec. 190.213 the Associate Administrator, OPS and the respondent may 
agree to dispose of the case by joint execution of a consent order. Upon 
such joint execution, the consent order shall be considered a final 
order under Sec. 190.213.
    (b) A consent order executed under paragraph (a) of this section 
shall include:
    (1) An admission by the respondent of all jurisdictional facts;
    (2) An express waiver of further procedural steps and of all right 
to seek judicial review or otherwise challenge or contest the validity 
of that order;
    (3) An acknowledgement that the notice of probable violation may be 
used to construe the terms of the consent order; and
    (4) A statement of the actions required of the respondent and the 
time by which such actions shall be accomplished.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18514, 
Apr. 26, 1996]

                             Civil Penalties



Sec. 190.221  Civil penalties generally.

    When the Associate Administrator, OPS has reason to believe that a 
person has committed an act which is a violation of any provision of the 
49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq. or any regulation or order issued thereunder, 
proceedings under Secs. 190.207 through 190.213 may be conducted to 
determine the nature and extent of the violations and to assess and, if 
appropriate, compromise a civil penalty.

[Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18515, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.223  Maximum penalties.

    (a) Any person who is determined to have violated a provision of 49 
U.S.C. 60101 et seq. or any regulation or order issued thereunder, is 
subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $25,000 for each violation for 
each day the violation continues except that the maximum civil penalty 
may not exceed $500,000 for any related series of violations.
    (b) Any person who knowingly violates a regulation or order under 
this subchapter applicable to offshore gas gathering lines issued under 
the authority of 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq is liable for a civil penalty of 
not more than $25,000 for each violation, and if any such violation is a 
continuing one, each day of violation constitutes a separate offense.
    (c) Any person who is determined to have violated any standard or 
order

[[Page 14]]

under 49 U.S.C. 60103 shall be subject to a civil penalty of not to 
exceed $50,000, which penalty shall be in addition to any other 
penalties to which such person may be subject under paragraph (a) of 
this section.
    (d) No person shall be subject to a civil penalty under this section 
for the violation of any requirement of this subchapter and an order 
issued under Sec. 190.217, Sec. 190.219 or Sec. 190.233 if both 
violations are based on the same act.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-2, 54 FR 32344, 
Aug. 7, 1989; Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18515, Apr. 26, 1996; 61 FR 38403, July 
24, 1996]



Sec. 190.225  Assessment considerations.

    The Associate Administrator, OPS assesses a civil penalty under this 
part only after considering:
    (a) The nature, circumstances and gravity of the violation;
    (b) The degree of the respondent's culpability;
    (c) The respondent's history of prior offenses;
    (d) The respondent's ability to pay;
    (e) Any good faith by the respondent in attempting to achieve 
compliance;
    (f) The effect on the respondent's ability to continue in business; 
and
    (g) Such other matters as justice may require.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18515, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.227  Payment of penalty.

    (a) Except for payments exceeding $10,000, payment of a civil 
penalty proposed or assessed under this subpart may be made by certified 
check or money order (containing the CPF Number for this case) payable 
to ``U.S. Department of Transportation'' to the Federal Aviation 
Administration, Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, Financial Operations 
Division (AMZ-320), P.O. Box 25770, Oklahoma City, OK 73125, or by wire 
transfer through the Federal Reserve Communications System (Fedwire) to 
the account of the U.S. Treasury. Payments exceeding $10,000 must be 
made by wire transfer. Payments, or in the case of wire transfers, 
notices of payment, must be sent to the Chief, General Accounting Branch 
(M-86.2), Accounting Operations Division, Office of the Secretary, room 
2228, Department of Transportation, 400 Seventh Street, SW, Washington, 
DC 20590.
    (b) Payment of a civil penalty assessed in a final order issued 
under Sec. 190.213 or affirmed in a decision on a petition for 
reconsideration must be made within 20 days after receipt of the final 
order or decision. Failure to do so will result in the initiation of 
collection action, including the accrual of interest and penalties, in 
accordance with 31 U.S.C. 3717 and 49 CFR part 89.

[Amdt. 190-7, 61 FR 27792, June 3, 1996]

                           Criminal Penalties



Sec. 190.229  Criminal penalties generally.

    (a) Any person who willfully and knowingly violates a provision of 
49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq. or any regulation or order issued thereunder 
shall upon conviction be subject for each offense to a fine of not more 
than $25,000 and imprisonment for not more than five years, or both.
    (b) Any person who willfully violates a regulation or order under 
this subchapter issued under the authority of 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq. as 
applied to offshore gas gathering lines shall upon conviction be subject 
for each offense to a fine of not more than $25,000, imprisonment for a 
term not to exceed 5 years, or both.
    (c) Any person who willfully and knowingly injures or destroys, or 
attempts to injure or destroy, any interstate transmission facility or 
any interstate pipeline facility (as those terms are defined in 49 
U.S.C. 60101 et seq.) shall, upon conviction, be subject for each 
offense to a fine of not more than $25,000, imprisonment for a term not 
to exceed 15 years, or both.
    (d) Any person who willfully and knowingly defaces, damages, 
removes, destroys any pipeline sign, right-of-way marker, or marine buoy 
required by 49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq. or 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq., or any 
regulation or order issued thereunder shall, upon conviction, be subject 
for each offense to a fine of not more than $5,000, imprisonment for a 
term not to exceed 1 year, or both.
    (e) No person shall be subject to criminal penalties under paragraph 
(a)

[[Page 15]]

of this section for violation of any regulation and the violation of any 
order issued under Sec. 190.217, Sec. 190.219 or Sec. 190.229 if both 
violations are based on the same act.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 27, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-2, 54 FR 32344, 
Aug. 7, 1989; Amdt. 190-4, 56 FR 63770, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 
18515, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.231  Referral for prosecution.

    If an employee of the Research and Special Programs Administration 
becomes aware of any actual or possible activity subject to criminal 
penalties under Sec. 190.229, the employee reports it to the Office of 
the Chief Counsel, Research and Special Programs Administration, U.S. 
Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 20590. The Chief Counsel 
refers the report to OPS for investigation. Upon completion of the 
investigation and if appropriate, the Chief Counsel refers the report to 
the Department of Justice for criminal prosecution of the offender.

[Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18515, Apr. 26, 1996]

                             Specific Relief



Sec. 190.233  Hazardous facility orders.

    (a) Except as provided by paragraph (b) of this section, if the 
Associate Administrator, OPS finds, after reasonable notice and 
opportunity for hearing in accord with paragraph (c) of this section, 
and Sec. 190.211(a), a particular pipeline facility to be hazardous to 
life or property, the Associate Administrator, OPS shall issue an order 
pursuant to this section requiring the owner or operator of the facility 
to take corrective action. Corrective action may include suspended or 
restricted use of the facility, physical inspection, testing, repair, 
replacement, or other action, as appropriate.
    (b) The Associate Administrator, OPS may waive the requirement for 
notice and hearing under paragraph (a) of this section before issuing an 
order pursuant to this section when the Associate Administrator, OPS 
determines that the failure to do so would result in the likelihood of 
serious harm to life or property. However, the Associate Administrator, 
OPS shall include in the order an opportunity for hearing as soon as 
practicable after issuance of the order. The provisions of paragraph 
(c)(2) of this section apply to an owner or operator's decision to 
exercise such an opportunity for hearing. The purpose of such a post-
order hearing is for the Associate Administrator, OPS to determine 
whether the order should remain in effect or be rescinded or suspended 
in accord with paragraph (g) of this section.
    (c) Notice and hearing:
    (1) Written notice that OPS intends to issue an order under this 
section shall be served in accordance with Sec. 190.5, upon the owner or 
operator of an alleged hazardous facility. The notice shall allege the 
existence of a hazardous facility, stating the facts and circumstances 
supporting the issuance of a ``hazardous facility order'', and providing 
the owner or operator an opportunity for a hearing, identifying the time 
and location of the hearing.
    (2) An owner or operator elects to exercise his opportunity for a 
hearing under this section, by notifying the Associate Administrator, 
OPS of that election in writing within 10 days of service of the notice 
provided under paragraph (c)(1) of this section or, under paragraph (b) 
of this section when applicable. Absence of such written notification 
waives an owner or operator's opportunity for a hearing and allows the 
Associate Administrator, OPS to proceed to issue a ``hazardous facility 
order'' in accordance with paragraphs (d) through (h) of this section.
    (3) A hearing under this section shall be presided over by an 
attorney from the Office of Chief Counsel, Research and Special Programs 
Administration, acting as Presiding Official, and conducted without 
strict adherence to rules of evidence. The Presiding Official presents 
the allegations contained in the notice issued under this section. The 
owner or operator of the alleged hazardous facility may submit any 
relevant information or materials, call witnesses and present arguments 
on the issue of whether or not a ``hazardous facility order'' should be 
issued.
    (4) Within 48 hours after conclusion of a hearing under this 
section, the Presiding Official shall submit a recommendation to the 
Associate Administrator, OPS as to whether or not a

[[Page 16]]

``hazardous facility order'' is required. Upon receipt of the 
recommendation, the Associate Administrator, OPS shall proceed in 
accordance with paragraphs (d) through (h) of this section. If the 
Associate Administrator, OPS finds the facility to be hazardous to life 
or property the Associate Administrator, OPS shall issue an order in 
accordance with this section. If the Associate Administrator, OPS does 
not find the facility to be hazardous to life or property, the Associate 
Administrator, OPS shall dismiss the allegations contained in the 
notice, and promptly notify the owner or operator in writing by service 
as prescribed in Sec. 190.5.
    (d) The Associate Administrator, OPS may find a pipeline facility to 
be hazardous under paragraph (a) of this section:
    (1) If under the facts and circumstances the Associate 
Administrator, OPS determines the particular facility is hazardous to 
life or property; or
    (2) If the pipeline facility or a component thereof has been 
constructed or operated with any equipment, material, or technique which 
the Associate Administrator, OPS determines is hazardous to life or 
property, unless the operator involved demonstrates to the satisfaction 
of the Associate Administrator, OPS that, under the particular facts and 
circumstances involved, such equipment, material, or technique is not 
hazardous to life or property.
    (e) In making a determination under paragraph (d) of this section, 
the Associate Administrator, OPS shall consider, if relevant:
    (1) The characteristics of the pipe and other equipment used in the 
pipeline facility involved, including its age, manufacturer, physical 
properties (including its resistance to corrosion and deterioration), 
and the method of its manufacture, construction or assembly;
    (2) The nature of the materials transported by such facility 
(including their corrosive and deteriorative qualities), the sequence in 
which such materials are transported, and the pressure required for such 
transportation;
    (3) The aspects of the areas in which the pipeline facility is 
located, in particular the climatic and geologic conditions (including 
soil characteristics) associated with such areas, and the population 
density and population and growth patterns of such areas;
    (4) Any recommendation of the National Transportation Safety Board 
issued in connection with any investigation conducted by the Board; and
    (5) Such other factors as the Associate Administrator, OPS may 
consider appropriate.
    (f) The order shall contain the following information:
    (1) A finding that the pipeline facility is hazardous to life or 
property.
    (2) The relevant facts which form the basis for that finding.
    (3) The legal basis for the order.
    (4) The nature and description of particular corrective action 
required of the respondent.
    (5) The date by which the required action must be taken, or 
completed and, where appropriate, the duration of the order.
    (6) If a hearing has been waived pursuant to paragraph (b) of this 
section, a statement that an opportunity for a hearing is provided at a 
particular location and at a certain time after issuance of the order.
    (g) The Associate Administrator, OPS shall rescind or suspend a 
hazardous facility order whenever the Associate Administrator, OPS 
determines that the facility is no longer hazardous to life or property. 
When appropriate, however, such a rescission or suspension may be 
accompanied by a notice of probable violation issued under Sec. 190.207.
    (h) At any time after an order issued under this section has become 
effective, the Associate Administrator, OPS may request the Attorney 
General to bring an action for appropriate relief in accordance with 
Sec. 190.235.
    (i) Upon petition by the Attorney General, the District Courts of 
the United States shall have jurisdiction, to enforce orders issued 
under this section by appropriate means.

[45 FR 20413, Mar. 17, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 190-3, 56 FR 31090, 
July 9, 1991; Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18515, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 190.235  Injunctive action.

    Whenever it appears to the Associate Administrator, OPS that a 
person has

[[Page 17]]

engaged, is engaged, or is about to engage in any act or practice 
constituting a violation of any provision of 49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq. or 
any regulations issued thereunder, the Administrator, RSPA, or the 
person to whom the authority has been delegated, may request the 
Attorney General to bring an action in the appropriate U.S. District 
Court for such relief as is necessary or appropriate, including 
mandatory or prohibitive injunctive relief, interim equitable relief, 
and punitive damages as provided under 49 U.S.C. 60120 and 49 U.S.C. 
5123.

[Amdt. 190-6, 61 FR 18516, Apr. 26, 1996]



190.237  Amendment of plans or procedures.

    (a) A Regional Director begins a proceeding to determine whether an 
operator's plans or procedures required under parts 192, 193, 195, and 
199 of this subchapter are inadequate to assure safe operation of a 
pipeline facility by issuing a notice of amendment. The notice shall 
provide an opportunity for a hearing under Sec. 190.211 of this part and 
shall specify the alleged inadequacies and the proposed action for 
revision of the plans or procedures. The notice shall allow the operator 
30 days after receipt of the notice to submit written comments or 
request a hearing. After considering all material presented in writing 
or at the hearing, the Associate Administrator, OPS shall determine 
whether the plans or procedures are inadequate as alleged and order the 
required amendment if they are inadequate, or withdraw the notice if 
they are not. In determining the adequacy of an operator's plans or 
procedures, the Associate Administrator, OPS shall consider:
    (1) Relevant available pipeline safety data;
    (2) Whether the plans or procedures are appropriate for the 
particular type of pipeline transportation or facility, and for the 
location of the facility;
    (3) The reasonableness of the plans or procedures; and
    (4) The extent to which the plans or procedures contribute to public 
safety.
    (b) The amendment of an operator's plans or procedures prescribed in 
paragraph (a) of this section is in addition to, and may be used in 
conjunction with, the appropriate enforcement actions prescribed in this 
subpart.

[Amdt. 190-3, 56 FR 31090, July 9, 1991, as amended by Amdt. 190-6, 61 
FR 18516, Apr. 26, 1996]



               Subpart C--Procedures for Adoption of Rules

    Source:  Amdt. 190-1, 61 FR 50909, Sept. 27, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 190.301  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes general rulemaking procedures for the issue, 
amendment, and repeal of Pipeline Safety Program regulations of the 
Research and Special Programs Administration of the Department of 
Transportation.



Sec. 190.303  Delegations.

    For the purposes of this subpart, Administrator means the 
Administrator, Research and Special Programs Administration, or his or 
her delegate.



Sec. 190.305  Regulatory dockets.

    (a) Information and data considered relevant by the Administrator 
relating to rulemaking actions, including notices of proposed 
rulemaking; comments received in response to notices; petitions for 
rulemaking and reconsideration; denials of petitions for rulemaking and 
reconsideration; records of additional rulemaking proceedings under 
Sec. 190.325; and final regulations are maintained by the Research and 
Special Programs Administration at 400 7th Street, SW, Washington, D.C. 
20590-0001.
    (b) Any person may examine any docketed material at the offices of 
the Research and Special Programs Administration at any time during 
regular business hours after the docket is established, except material 
which the Administrator determines should be withheld from public 
disclosure under applicable provisions of any statute administered by 
the Administrator and section 552(b) of Title 5, United States Code, and 
may obtain a copy of it upon payment of a fee.



Sec. 190.307  Records.

    Records of the Research and Special Programs Administration relating 
to

[[Page 18]]

rulemaking proceedings are available for inspection as provided in 
section 552(b) of title 5, United States Code, and part 7 of the 
Regulations of the Office of the Secretary of Transportation (part 7 of 
this title).



Sec. 190.309  Where to file petitions.

    Petitions for extension of time to comment submitted under 
Sec. 190.319, petitions for hearings submitted under Sec. 190.327, 
petitions for rulemaking submitted under Sec. 190.331, and petitions for 
reconsideration submitted under Sec. 190.335 must be submitted to: 
Administrator, Research and Special Programs Administration, U.S. 
Department of Transportation, 400 7th Street, SW., Washington, D.C. 
20590-0001.



Sec. 190.311  General.

    Unless the Administrator, for good cause, finds that notice is 
impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary to the public interest, and 
incorporates that finding and a brief statement of the reasons for it in 
the rule, a notice of proposed rulemaking is issued and interested 
persons are invited to participate in the rulemaking proceedings with 
respect to each substantive rule.



Sec. 190.313  Initiation of rulemaking.

    The Administrator initiates rulemaking on his or her own motion; 
however, in so doing, the Administrator may use discretion to consider 
the recommendations of other agencies of the United States or of other 
interested persons including those of any technical advisory body 
established by statute for that purpose.



Sec. 190.315  Contents of notices of proposed rulemaking.

    (a) Each notice of proposed rulemaking is published in the Federal 
Register, unless all persons subject to it are named and are personally 
served with a copy of it.
    (b) Each notice, whether published in the Federal Register or 
personally served, includes:
    (1) A statement of the time, place, and nature of the proposed 
rulemaking proceeding;
    (2) A reference to the authority under which it is issued;
    (3) A description of the subjects and issues involved or the 
substance and terms of the proposed regulation;
    (4) A statement of the time within which written comments must be 
submitted; and
    (5) A statement of how and to what extent interested persons may 
participate in the proceeding.



Sec. 190.317  Participation by interested persons.

    (a) Any interested person may participate in rulemaking proceedings 
by submitting comments in writing containing information, views or 
arguments in accordance with instructions for participation in the 
rulemaking document.
    (b) The Administrator may invite any interested person to 
participate in the rulemaking proceedings described in Sec. 190.325.
    (c) For the purposes of this subpart, an interested person includes 
any Federal or State government agency or any political subdivision of a 
State.



Sec. 190.319  Petitions for extension of time to comment.

    A petition for extension of the time to submit comments must be 
received not later than 10 days before expiration of the time stated in 
the notice. It is requested, but not required, that three copies be 
submitted. The filing of the petition does not automatically extend the 
time for petitioner's comments. A petition is granted only if the 
petitioner shows good cause for the extension, and if the extension is 
consistent with the public interest. If an extension is granted, it is 
granted to all persons, and it is published in the Federal Register.



Sec. 190.321  Contents of written comments.

    All written comments must be in English. It is requested, but not 
required, that five copies be submitted. Any interested person should 
submit as part of written comments all material considered relevant to 
any statement of fact. Incorporation of material by reference should be 
avoided; however, where necessary, such incorporated material shall be 
identified by document title and page.

[[Page 19]]



Sec. 190.323  Consideration of comments received.

    All timely comments and the recommendations of any technical 
advisory body established by statute for the purpose of reviewing the 
proposed rule concerned are considered before final action is taken on a 
rulemaking proposal. Late filed comments are considered so far as 
practicable.



Sec. 190.325  Additional rulemaking proceedings.

    The Administrator may initiate any further rulemaking proceedings 
that the Administrator finds necessary or desirable. For example, 
interested persons may be invited to make oral arguments, to participate 
in conferences between the Administrator or the Administrator's 
representative and interested persons, at which minutes of the 
conference are kept, to appear at informal hearings presided over by 
officials designated by the Administrator at which a transcript of 
minutes are kept, or participate in any other proceeding to assure 
informed administrative action and to protect the public interest.



Sec. 190.327  Hearings.

    (a) If a notice of proposed rulemaking does not provide for a 
hearing, any interested person may petition the Administrator for an 
informal hearing. The petition must be received by the Administrator not 
later than 20 days before expiration of the time stated in the notice. 
The filing of the petition does not automatically result in the 
scheduling of a hearing. A petition is granted only if the petitioner 
shows good cause for a hearing. If a petition for a hearing is granted, 
notice of the hearing is published in the Federal Register.
    (b) Sections 556 and 557 of title 5, United States Code, do not 
apply to hearings held under this part. Unless otherwise specified, 
hearings held under this part are informal, nonadversary fact-finding 
proceedings, at which there are no formal pleadings or adverse parties. 
Any regulation issued in a case in which an informal hearing is held is 
not necessarily based exclusively on the record of the hearing.
    (c) The Administrator designates a representative to conduct any 
hearing held under this subpart. The Chief Counsel designates a member 
of his or her staff to serve as legal officer at the hearing.



Sec. 190.329  Adoption of final rules.

    Final rules are prepared by representatives of the Office of 
Pipeline Safety and the Office of the Chief Counsel. The regulation is 
then submitted to the Administrator for consideration. If the 
Administrator adopts the regulation, it is published in the Federal 
Register, unless all persons subject to it are named and are personally 
served with a copy of it.



Sec. 190.331  Petitions for rulemaking.

    (a) Any interested person may petition the Associate Administrator 
for Pipeline Safety to establish, amend, or repeal a substantive 
regulation, or may petition the Chief Counsel to establish, amend, or 
repeal a procedural regulation.
    (b) Each petition filed under this section must--
    (1) Summarize the proposed action and explain its purpose;
    (2) State the text of the proposed rule or amendment, or specify the 
rule proposed to be repealed;
    (3) Explain the petitioner's interest in the proposed action and the 
interest of any party the petitioner represents; and
    (4) Provide information and arguments that support the proposed 
action, including relevant technical, scientific or other data as 
available to the petitioner, and any specific known cases that 
illustrate the need for the proposed action.
    (c) If the potential impact of the proposed action is substantial, 
and information and data related to that impact are available to the 
petitioner, the Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel may request 
the petitioner to provide--
    (1) The costs and benefits to society and identifiable groups within 
society, quantifiable and otherwise;
    (2) The direct effects (including preemption effects) of the 
proposed action on States, on the relationship between the Federal 
Government and the States, and on the distribution of

[[Page 20]]

power and responsibilities among the various levels of government;
    (3) The regulatory burden on small businesses, small organizations 
and small governmental jurisdictions;
    (4) The recordkeeping and reporting requirements and to whom they 
would apply; and
    (5) Impacts on the quality of the natural and social environments.
    (d) The Associate Administrator or Chief Counsel may return a 
petition that does not comply with the requirements of this section, 
accompanied by a written statement indicating the deficiencies in the 
petition.



Sec. 190.333  Processing of petition.

    (a) General. Unless the Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel 
otherwise specifies, no public hearing, argument, or other proceeding is 
held directly on a petition before its disposition under this section.
    (b) Grants. If the Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel 
determines that the petition contains adequate justification, he or she 
initiates rulemaking action under this subpart.
    (c) Denials. If the Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel 
determines that the petition does not justify rulemaking, the petition 
is denied.
    (d) Notification. The Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel 
will notify a petitioner, in writing, of the decision to grant or deny a 
petition for rulemaking.



Sec. 190.335  Petitions for reconsideration.

    (a) Except as provided in Sec. 190.339(d), any interested person may 
petition the Associate Administrator for reconsideration of any 
regulation issued under this subpart, or may petition the Chief Counsel 
for reconsideration of any procedural regulation issued under this 
subpart and contained in this subpart. It is requested, but not 
required, that three copies be submitted. The petition must be received 
not later than 30 days after publication of the rule in the Federal 
Register. Petitions filed after that time will be considered as 
petitions filed under Sec. 190.331. The petition must contain a brief 
statement of the complaint and an explanation as to why compliance with 
the rule is not practicable, is unreasonable, or is not in the public 
interest.
    (b) If the petitioner requests the consideration of additional 
facts, the petitioner must state the reason they were not presented to 
the Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel within the prescribed 
time.
    (c) The Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel does not 
consider repetitious petitions.
    (d) Unless the Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel 
otherwise provides, the filing of a petition under this section does not 
stay the effectiveness of the rule.



Sec. 190.337  Proceedings on petitions for reconsideration.

    (a) The Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel may grant or 
deny, in whole or in part, any petition for reconsideration without 
further proceedings, except where a grant of the petition would result 
in issuance of a new final rule. In the event that the Associate 
Administrator or the Chief Counsel determines to reconsider any 
regulation, a final decision on reconsideration may be issued without 
further proceedings, or an opportunity to submit comment or information 
and data as deemed appropriate, may be provided. Whenever the Associate 
Administrator or the Chief Counsel determines that a petition should be 
granted or denied, the Office of the Chief Counsel prepares a notice of 
the grant or denial of a petition for reconsideration, for issuance to 
the petitioner, and the Associate Administrator or the Chief Counsel 
issues it to the petitioner. The Associate Administrator or the Chief 
Counsel may consolidate petitions relating to the same rules.
    (b) It is the policy of the Associate Administrator or the Chief 
Counsel to issue notice of the action taken on a petition for 
reconsideration within 90 days after the date on which the regulation in 
question is published in the Federal Register, unless it is found 
impracticable to take action within that time. In cases where it is so 
found and the delay beyond that period is expected to be substantial, 
notice of that

[[Page 21]]

fact and the date by which it is expected that action will be taken is 
issued to the petitioner and published in the Federal Register.



Sec. 190.338  Appeals.

    (a) Any interested person may appeal a denial of the Associate 
Administrator or the Chief Counsel, issued under Sec. 190.333 or 
Sec. 190.337, to the Administrator.
    (b) An appeal must be received within 20 days of service of written 
notice to petitioner of the Associate Administrator's or the Chief 
Counsel's decision, or within 20 days from the date of publication of 
the decision in the Federal Register, and should set forth the contested 
aspects of the decision as well as any new arguments or information.
    (c) It is requested, but not required, that three copies of the 
appeal be submitted to the Administrator.
    (d) Unless the Administrator otherwise provides, the filing of an 
appeal under this section does not stay the effectiveness of any rule.



Sec. 190.339  Direct final rulemaking.

    (a) Where practicable, the Administrator will use direct final 
rulemaking to issue the following types of rules:
    (1) Minor, substantive changes to regulations;
    (2) Incorporation by reference of the latest edition of technical or 
industry standards;
    (3) Extensions of compliance dates; and
    (4) Other noncontroversial rules where the Administrator determines 
that use of direct final rulemaking is in the public interest, and that 
a regulation is unlikely to result in adverse comment.
    (b) The direct final rule will state an effective date. The direct 
final rule will also state that unless an adverse comment or notice of 
intent to file an adverse comment is received within the specified 
comment period, generally 60 days after publication of the direct final 
rule in the Federal Register, the Administrator will issue a 
confirmation document, generally within 15 days after the close of the 
comment period, advising the public that the direct final rule will 
either become effective on the date stated in the direct final rule or 
at least 30 days after the publication date of the confirmation 
document, whichever is later.
    (c) For purposes of this section, an adverse comment is one which 
explains why the rule would be inappropriate, including a challenge to 
the rule's underlying premise or approach, or would be ineffective or 
unacceptable without a change. Comments that are frivolous or 
insubstantial will not be considered adverse under this procedure. A 
comment recommending a rule change in addition to the rule will not be 
considered an adverse comment, unless the commenter states why the rule 
would be ineffective without the additional change.
    (d) Only parties who filed comments to a direct final rule issued 
under this section may petition under Sec. 190.335 for reconsideration 
of that direct final rule.
    (e) If an adverse comment or notice of intent to file an adverse 
comment is received, a timely document will be published in the Federal 
Register advising the public and withdrawing the direct final rule in 
whole or in part. The Administrator may then incorporate the adverse 
comment into a subsequent direct final rule or may publish a notice of 
proposed rulemaking. A notice of proposed rulemaking will provide an 
opportunity for public comment, generally a minimum of 60 days, and will 
be processed in accordance with Secs. 190.311-190.329.



PART 191--TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL AND OTHER GAS BY PIPELINE; ANNUAL REPORTS, INCIDENT REPORTS, AND SAFETY-RELATED CONDITION REPORTS--Table of Contents




Sec.
191.1  Scope.
191.3  Definitions.
191.5  Telephonic notice of certain incidents.
191.7  Addressee for written reports.
191.9  Distribution system: Incident report.
191.11  Distribution system: Annual report.
191.13  Distribution systems reporting transmission pipelines; 
          transmission or gathering systems reporting distribution 
          pipelines.
191.15  Transmission and gathering systems: Incident report.
191.17  Transmission and gathering systems: Annual report.

[[Page 22]]

191.19  Report forms.
191.21  OMB control number assigned to information collection.
191.23  Reporting safety-related conditions.
191.25  Filing safety-related condition reports.
191.27  Filing offshore pipeline condition reports.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5121, 60102, 60103, 60104, 60108, 60117, 60118, 
and 60124; and 49 CFR 1.53.



Sec. 191.1  Scope.

    (a) This part prescribes requirements for the reporting of 
incidents, safety-related conditions, and annual pipeline summary data 
by operators of gas pipeline facilities located in the United States or 
Puerto Rico, including pipelines within the limits of the Outer 
Continental Shelf as that term is defined in the Outer Continental Shelf 
Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331).
    (b) This part does not apply to--
    (1) Offshore gathering of gas upstream from the outlet flange of 
each facility where hydrocarbons are produced or where produced 
hydrocarbons are first separated, dehydrated, or otherwise processed, 
whichever facility is farther downstream; or
    (2) Onshore gathering of gas outside of the following areas:
    (i) An area within the limits of any incorporated or unincorporated 
city, town, or village.
    (ii) Any designated residential or commercial area such as a 
subdivision, business or shopping center, or community development.

[Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18960, May 3, 1984, as amended by Amdt. 191-6, 53 FR 
24949, July 1, 1988; Amdt. 191-11, 61 FR 27793, June 3, 1996]



Sec. 191.3  Definitions.

    As used in this part and the RSPA Forms referenced in this part--
    Administrator means the Administrator of the Research and Special 
Programs Administration or any person to whom authority in the matter 
concerned has been delegated by the Secretary of Transportation.
    Gas means natural gas, flammable gas, or gas which is toxic or 
corrosive;
    Incident means any of the following events:
    (1) An event that involves a release of gas from a pipeline or of 
liquefied natural gas or gas from an LNG facility and
    (i) A death, or personal injury necessitating in-patient 
hospitalization; or
    (ii) Estimated property damage, including cost of gas lost, of the 
operator or others, or both, of $50,000 or more.
    (2) An event that results in an emergency shutdown of an LNG 
facility.
    (3) An event that is significant, in the judgement of the operator, 
even though it did not meet the criteria of paragraphs (1) or (2).
    LNG facility means a liquefied natural gas facility as defined in 
Sec. 193.2007 of part 193 of this chapter;
    Master Meter System means a pipeline system for distributing gas 
within, but not limited to, a definable area, such as a mobile home 
park, housing project, or apartment complex, where the operator 
purchases metered gas from an outside source for resale through a gas 
distribution pipeline system. The gas distribution pipeline system 
supplies the ultimate consumer who either purchases the gas directly 
through a meter or by other means, such as by rents;
    Municipality means a city, county, or any other political 
subdivision of a State;
    Offshore means beyond the line of ordinary low water along that 
portion of the coast of the United States that is in direct contact with 
the open seas and beyond the line marking the seaward limit of inland 
waters;
    Operator means a person who engages in the transportation of gas;
    Person means any individual, firm, joint venture, partnership, 
corporation, association, State, municipality, cooperative association, 
or joint stock association, and includes any trustee, receiver, 
assignee, or personal representative thereof;
    Pipeline or Pipeline System means all parts of those physical 
facilities through which gas moves in transportation, including, but not 
limited to, pipe, valves, and other appurtenance attached to pipe, 
compressor units, metering stations, regulator stations, delivery 
stations, holders, and fabricated assemblies.
    State includes each of the several States, the District of Columbia, 
and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico;
    Transportation of gas means the gathering, transmission, or 
distribution of

[[Page 23]]

gas by pipeline, or the storage of gas in or affecting interstate or 
foreign commerce.

[35 FR 320, Jan. 8, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18960, May 3, 
1984; Amdt. 191-10, 61 FR 18516, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 191.5  Telephonic notice of certain incidents.

    (a) At the earliest practicable moment following discovery, each 
operator shall give notice in accordance with paragraph (b) of this 
section of each incident as defined in Sec. 191.3.
    (b) Each notice required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be 
made by telephone to 800-424-8802 (in Washington, DC, 267-2675) and 
shall include the following information.
    (1) Names of operator and person making report and their telephone 
numbers.
    (2) The location of the incident.
    (3) The time of the incident.
    (4) The number of fatalities and personal injuries, if any.
    (5) All other significant facts that are known by the operator that 
are relevant to the cause of the incident or extent of the damages.

[Amdt. 191-4, 47 FR 32720, July 29, 1982, as amended by Amdt. 191-5, 49 
FR 18960, May 3, 1984; Amdt. 191-8, 54 FR 40878, Oct. 4, 1989]



Sec. 191.7  Addressee for written reports.

    Each written report required by this part must be made to the 
Information Resources Manager, Office of Pipeline Safety, Research and 
Special Programs Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Room 
8417, 400 Seventh Street SW., Washington, DC 20590. However, incident 
and annual reports for intrastate pipeline transportation subject to the 
jurisdiction of a State agency pursuant to a certification under section 
5(a) of the Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act of 1968 may be submitted in 
duplicate to that State agency if the regulations of that agency require 
submission of these reports and provide for further transmittal of one 
copy within 10 days of receipt for incident reports and not later than 
March 15 for annual reports to the Information Resources Manager. 
Safety-related condition reports required by Sec. 191.23 for intrastate 
pipeline transportation must be submitted concurrently to that State 
agency, and if that agency acts as an agent of the Secretary with 
respect to interstate transmission facilities, safety-related condition 
reports for these facilities must be submitted concurrently to that 
agency.

[Amdt. 191-6, 53 FR 24949, July 1, 1988]



Sec. 191.9  Distribution system: Incident report.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, each 
operator of a distribution pipeline system shall submit Department of 
Transportation Form RSPA F 7100.1 as soon as practicable but not more 
than 30 days after detection of an incident required to be reported 
under Sec. 191.5.
    (b) When additional relevant information is obtained after the 
report is submitted under paragraph (a) of this section, the operator 
shall make supplementary reports as deemed necessary with a clear 
reference by date and subject to the original report.
    (c) The incident report required by this section need not be 
submitted with respect to master meter systems or LNG facilities.

[Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18960, May 3, 1984]



Sec. 191.11  Distribution system: Annual report.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
operator of a distribution pipeline system shall submit an annual report 
for that system on Department of Transportation Form RSPA F 7100.1-1. 
This report must be submitted each year, not later than March 15, for 
the preceding calendar year.
    (b) The annual report required by this section need not be submitted 
with respect to:
    (1) Petroleum gas systems which serve fewer than 100 customers from 
a single source;
    (2) Master meter systems; or
    (3) LNG facilities.

[Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18960, May 3, 1984]



Sec. 191.13  Distribution systems reporting transmission pipelines; transmission or gathering systems reporting distribution pipelines.

    Each operator, primarily engaged in gas distribution, who also 
operates gas

[[Page 24]]

transmission or gathering pipelines shall submit separate reports for 
these pipelines as required by Secs. 191.15 and 191.17. Each operator, 
primarily engaged in gas transmission or gathering, who also operates 
gas distribution pipelines shall submit separate reports for these 
pipelines as required by Secs. 191.9 and 191.11.

[Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18961, May 3, 1984]



Sec. 191.15  Transmission and gathering systems: Incident report.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, each 
operator of a transmission or a gathering pipeline system shall submit 
Department of Transportation Form RSPA F 7100.2 as soon as practicable 
but not more than 30 days after detection of an incident required to be 
reported under Sec. 191.5.
    (b) Where additional related information is obtained after a report 
is submitted under paragraph (a) of this section, the operator shall 
make a supplemental report as soon as practicable with a clear reference 
by date and subject to the original report.
    (c) The incident report required by paragraph (a) of this section 
need not be submitted with respect to LNG facilities.

[35 FR 320, Jan. 8, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18961, May 3, 
1984]



Sec. 191.17  Transmission and gathering systems: Annual report.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
operator of a transmission or a gathering pipeline system shall submit 
an annual report for that system on Department of Transportation Form 
RSPA 7100.2-1. This report must be submitted each year, not later than 
March 15, for the preceding calendar year.
    (b) The annual report required by paragraph (a) of this section need 
not be submitted with respect to LNG facilities.

[Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18961, May 3, 1984]



Sec. 191.19  Report forms.

    Copies of the prescribed report forms are available without charge 
upon request from the address given in Sec. 191.7. Additional copies in 
this prescribed format may be reproduced and used if in the same size 
and kind of paper. In addition, the information required by these forms 
may be submitted by any other means that is acceptable to the 
Administrator.

[Amdt. 191-10, 61 FR 18516, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 191.21  OMB control number assigned to information collection.

    This section displays the control number assigned by the Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) to the gas pipeline information collection 
requirements of the Office of Pipeline Safety pursuant to the Paperwork 
Reduction Act of 1980, Public Law 96-511. It is the intent of this 
section to comply with the requirements of section 3507(f) of the 
Paperwork Reduction Act which requires that agencies display a current 
control number assigned by the Director of OMB for each agency 
information collection requirement.


     OMB Control Number 2137-0522 (approved through March 31, 1986)     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Section of 49 CFR part 191 where                                    
               identified                            Form No.           
------------------------------------------------------------------------
191.5..................................  Telephonic.                    
191.9..................................  RSPA 7100.1                    
191.11.................................  RSPA 7100.1-1                  
191.15.................................  RSPA 7100.2                    
191.17.................................  RSPA 7100.2-1.                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[Amdt. 191-5, 49 FR 18961, May 3, 1984]



Sec. 191.23  Reporting safety-related conditions.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
operator shall report in accordance with Sec. 191.25 the existence of 
any of the following safety-related conditions involving facilities in 
service:
    (1) In the case of a pipeline (other than an LNG facility) that 
operates at a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of its specified minimum 
yield strength, general corrosion that has reduced the wall thickness to 
less than that required for the maximum allowable operating pressure, 
and localized corrosion pitting to a degree where leakage might result.
    (2) Unintended movement or abnormal loading by environmental causes, 
such as an earthquake, landslide, or flood, that impairs the 
serviceability of a pipeline or the structural integrity or

[[Page 25]]

reliability of an LNG facility that contains, controls, or processes gas 
or LNG.
    (3) Any crack or other material defect that impairs the structural 
integrity or reliability of an LNG facility that contains, controls, or 
processes gas or LNG.
    (4) Any material defect or physical damage that impairs the 
serviceability of a pipeline that operates at a hoop stress of 20 
percent or more of its specified minimum yield strength.
    (5) Any malfunction or operating error that causes the pressure of a 
pipeline or LNG facility that contains or processes gas or LNG to rise 
above its maximum allowable operating pressure (or working pressure for 
LNG facilities) plus the build-up allowed for operation of pressure 
limiting or control devices.
    (6) A leak in a pipeline or LNG facility that contains or processes 
gas or LNG that constitutes an emergency.
    (7) Inner tank leakage, ineffective insulation, or frost heave that 
impairs the structural integrity of an LNG storage tank.
    (8) Any safety-related condition that could lead to an imminent 
hazard and causes (either directly or indirectly by remedial action of 
the operator), for purposes other than abandonment, a 20 percent or more 
reduction in operating pressure or shutdown of operation of a pipeline 
or an LNG facility that contains or processes gas or LNG.
    (b) A report is not required for any safety-related condition that--
    (1) Exists on a master meter system or a customer-owned service 
line;
    (2) Is an incident or results in an incident before the deadline for 
filing the safety-related condition report;
    (3) Exists on a pipeline (other than an LNG facility) that is more 
than 220 yards from any building intended for human occupancy or outdoor 
place of assembly, except that reports are required for conditions 
within the right-of-way of an active railroad, paved road, street, or 
highway; or
    (4) Is corrected by repair or replacement in accordance with 
applicable safety standards before the deadline for filing the safety-
related condition report, except that reports are required for 
conditions under paragraph (a)(1) of this section other than localized 
corrosion pitting on an effectively coated and cathodically protected 
pipeline.

[Amdt. 191-6, 53 FR 24949, July 1, 1988]



Sec. 191.25  Filing safety-related condition reports.

    (a) Each report of a safety-related condition under Sec. 191.23(a) 
must be filed (received by the Associate Administrator, OPS) in writing 
within five working days (not including Saturday, Sunday, or Federal 
Holidays) after the day a representative of the operator first 
determines that the condition exists, but not later than 10 working days 
after the day a representative of the operator discovers the condition. 
Separate conditions may be described in a single report if they are 
closely related. Reports may be transmitted by facsimile at (202) 366-
7128.
    (b) The report must be headed ``Safety-Related Condition Report'' 
and provide the following information:
    (1) Name and principal address of operator.
    (2) Date of report.
    (3) Name, job title, and business telephone number of person 
submitting the report.
    (4) Name, job title, and business telephone number of person who 
determined that the condition exists.
    (5) Date condition was discovered and date condition was first 
determined to exist.
    (6) Location of condition, with reference to the State (and town, 
city, or county) or offshore site, and as appropriate, nearest street 
address, offshore platform, survey station number, milepost, landmark, 
or name of pipeline.
    (7) Description of the condition, including circumstances leading to 
its discovery, any significant effects of the condition on safety, and 
the name of the commodity transported or stored.
    (8) The corrective action taken (including reduction of pressure or 
shutdown) before the report is submitted and the planned follow-up or 
future

[[Page 26]]

corrective action, including the anticipated schedule for starting and 
concluding such action.

[Amdt. 191-6, 53 FR 24949, July 1, 1988; 53 FR 29800, Aug. 8, 1988, as 
amended by Amdt. 191-7, 54 FR 32344, Aug. 7, 1989; Amdt. 191-8, 54 FR 
40878, Oct. 4, 1989; Amdt. 191-10, 61 FR 18516, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 191.27  Filing offshore pipeline condition reports.

    (a) Each operator shall, within 60 days after completion of the 
inspection of all its underwater pipelines subject to Sec. 192.612(a), 
report the following information:
    (1) Name and principal address of operator.
    (2) Date of report.
    (3) Name, job title, and business telephone number of person 
submitting the report.
    (4) Total number of miles of pipeline inspected.
    (5) Length and date of installation of each exposed pipeline 
segment, and location, including, if available, the location according 
to the Minerals Management Service or state offshore area and block 
number tract.
    (6) Length and date of installation of each pipeline segment, if 
different from a pipeline segment identified under paragraph (a)(5) of 
this section, that is a hazard to navigation, and the location, 
including, if available, the location according to the Minerals 
Management Service or state offshore area and block number tract.
    (b) The report shall be mailed to the Information Officer, Research 
and Special Programs Administration, Department of Transportation, 400 
Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590.

[Amdt. 191-9, 56 FR 63770, Dec. 5, 1991]



PART 192--TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL AND OTHER GAS BY PIPELINE: MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
192.1  Scope of part.
192.3  Definitions.
192.5  Class locations.
192.7  Incorporation by reference.
192.9  Gathering lines.
192.11  Petroleum gas systems.
192.13  General.
192.14  Conversion to service subject to this part.
192.15  Rules of regulatory construction.
192.16  Customer notification.

                          Subpart B--Materials

192.51  Scope.
192.53  General.
192.55  Steel pipe.
192.57  [Reserved]
192.59  Plastic pipe.
192.61  [Reserved]
192.63  Marking of materials.
192.65  Transportation of pipe.

                         Subpart C--Pipe Design

192.101  Scope.
192.103  General.
192.105  Design formula for steel pipe.
192.107  Yield strength (S) for steel pipe.
192.109  Nominal wall thickness (t) for steel pipe.
192.111  Design factor (F) for steel pipe.
192.113  Longitudinal joint factor (E) for steel pipe.
192.115  Temperature derating factor (T) for steel pipe.
192.117  [Reserved]
192.119  [Reserved]
192.121  Design of plastic pipe.
192.123  Design limitations for plastic pipe.
192.125  Design of copper pipe.

                Subpart D--Design of Pipeline Components

192.141  Scope.
192.143  General requirements.
192.144  Qualifying metallic components.
192.145  Valves.
192.147  Flanges and flange accessories.
192.149  Standard fittings.
192.150  Passage of internal inspection devices.
192.151  Tapping.
192.153  Components fabricated by welding.
192.155  Welded branch connections.
192.157  Extruded outlets.
192.159  Flexibility.
192.161  Supports and anchors.
192.163  Compressor stations: Design and construction.
192.165  Compressor stations: Liquid removal.
192.167  Compressor stations: Emergency shutdown.
192.169  Compressor stations: Pressure limiting devices.
192.171  Compressor stations: Additional safety equipment.
192.173  Compressor stations: Ventilation.
192.175  Pipe-type and bottle-type holders.
192.177  Additional provisions for bottle-type holders.
192.179  Transmission line valves.

[[Page 27]]

192.181  Distribution line valves.
192.183  Vaults: Structural design requirements.
192.185  Vaults: Accessibility.
192.187  Vaults: Sealing, venting, and ventilation.
192.189  Vaults: Drainage and waterproofing.
192.191  Design pressure of plastic fittings.
192.193  Valve installation in plastic pipe.
192.195  Protection against accidental overpressuring.
192.197  Control of the pressure of gas delivered from high-pressure 
          distribution systems.
192.199  Requirements for design of pressure relief and limiting 
          devices.
192.201  Required capacity of pressure relieving and limiting stations.
192.203  Instrument, control, and sampling pipe and components.

                Subpart E--Welding of Steel in Pipelines

192.221  Scope.
192.225  Welding--General.
192.227  Qualification of welders.
192.229  Limitations on welders.
192.231  Protection from weather.
192.233  Miter joints.
192.235  Preparation for welding.
192.241  Inspection and test of welds.
192.243  Nondestructive testing.
192.245  Repair or removal of defects.

          Subpart F--Joining of Materials Other Than by Welding

192.271  Scope.
192.273  General.
192.275  Cast iron pipe.
192.277  Ductile iron pipe.
192.279  Copper pipe.
192.281  Plastic pipe.
192.283  Plastic pipe: qualifying joining procedures.
192.285  Plastic pipe: qualifying persons to make joints.
192.287  Plastic pipe: inspection of joints.

Subpart G--General Construction Requirements for Transmission Lines and 
                                  Mains

192.301  Scope.
192.303  Compliance with specifications or standards.
192.305  Inspection: General.
192.307  Inspection of materials.
192.309  Repair of steel pipe.
192.311  Repair of plastic pipe.
192.313  Bends and elbows.
192.315  Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.
192.317  Protection from hazards.
192.319  Installation of pipe in a ditch.
192.321  Installation of plastic pipe.
192.323  Casing.
192.325  Underground clearance.
192.327  Cover.

    Subpart H--Customer Meters, Service Regulators, and Service Lines

192.351  Scope.
192.353  Customer meters and regulators: Location.
192.355  Customer meters and regulators: Protection from damage.
192.357  Customer meters and regulators: Installation.
192.359  Customer meter installations: Operating pressure.
192.361  Service lines: Installation.
192.363  Service lines: Valve requirements.
192.365  Service lines: Location of valves.
192.367  Service lines: General requirements for connections to main 
          piping.
192.369  Service lines: Connections to cast iron or ductile iron mains.
192.371  Service lines: Steel.
192.373  Service lines: Cast iron and ductile iron.
192.375  Service lines: Plastic.
192.377  Service lines: Copper.
192.379  New service lines not in use.
192.381  Service lines: Excess flow valve performance standards.

              Subpart I--Requirements for Corrosion Control

192.451  Scope.
192.452  Applicability to converted pipelines.
192.453  General.
192.455  External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines 
          installed after July 31, 1971.
192.457  External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines 
          installed before August 1, 1971.
192.459  External corrosion control: Examination of buried pipeline when 
          exposed.
192.461  External corrosion control: Protective coating.
192.463  External corrosion control: Cathodic protection.
192.465  External corrosion control: Monitoring.
192.467  External corrosion control: Electrical isolation.
192.469  External corrosion control: Test stations.
192.471  External corrosion control: Test leads.
192.473  External corrosion control: Interference currents.
192.475  Internal corrosion control: General.
192.477  Internal corrosion control: Monitoring.
192.479  Atmospheric corrosion control: General.
192.481  Atmospheric corrosion control: Monitoring.
192.483  Remedial measures: General.
192.485  Remedial measures: Transmission lines.

[[Page 28]]

192.487  Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or 
          ductile iron lines.
192.489  Remedial measures: Cast iron and ductile iron pipelines.
192.491  Corrosion control records.

                      Subpart J--Test Requirements

192.501  Scope.
192.503  General requirements.
192.505  Strength test requirements for steel pipeline to operate at a 
          hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS.
192.507  Test requirements for pipelines to operate at a hoop stress 
          less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i.g.
192.509  Test requirements for pipelines to operate below 100 p.s.i.g.
192.511  Test requirements for service lines.
192.513  Test requirements for plastic pipelines.
192.515  Environmental protection and safety requirements.
192.517  Records.

                           Subpart K--Uprating

192.551  Scope.
192.553  General requirements.
192.555  Uprating to a pressure that will produce a hoop stress of 30 
          percent or more of SMYS in steel pipelines.
192.557  Uprating: Steel pipelines to a pressure that will produce a 
          hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS; plastic, cast iron, 
          and ductile iron pipelines.

                          Subpart L--Operations

192.601  Scope.
192.603  General provisions.
192.605  Procedural manual for operations, maintenance, and emergencies.
192.607  [Reserved]
192.609  Change in class location: Required study.
192.611  Change in class location: Confirmation or revision of maximum 
          allowable operating pressure.
192.612  Underwater inspection and re-burial of pipelines in the Gulf of 
          Mexico and its inlets.
192.613  Continuing surveillance.
192.614  Damage prevention program.
192.615  Emergency plans.
192.616  Public education.
192.617  Investigation of failures.
192.619  Maximum allowable operating pressure: Steel or plastic 
          pipelines.
192.621  Maximum allowable operating pressure: High-pressure 
          distribution systems.
192.623  Maximum and minimum allowable operating pressure; Low-pressure 
          distribution systems.
192.625  Odorization of gas.
192.627  Tapping pipelines under pressure.
192.629  Purging of pipelines.

                         Subpart M--Maintenance

192.701  Scope.
192.703  General.
192.705  Transmission lines: Patrolling.
192.706  Transmission lines: Leakage surveys.
192.707  Line markers for mains and transmission lines.
192.709  Transmission lines: Record keeping.
192.711  Transmission lines: General requirements for repair procedures.
192.713  Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of imperfections and 
          damages.
192.715  Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of welds.
192.717  Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of leaks.
192.719  Transmission lines: Testing of repairs.
192.721  Distribution systems: Patrolling.
192.723  Distribution systems: Leakage surveys.
192.725  Test requirements for reinstating service lines.
192.727  Abandonment or deactivation of facilities.
192.731  Compressor stations: Inspection and testing of relief devices.
192.735  Compressor stations: Storage of combustible materials.
192.736  Compressor stations: Gas detection.
192.739  Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Inspection and 
          testing.
192.741  Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Telemetering or 
          recording gauges.
192.743  Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Testing of relief 
          devices.
192.745  Valve maintenance: Transmission lines.
192.747  Valve maintenance: Distribution systems.
192.749  Vault maintenance.
192.751  Prevention of accidental ignition.
192.753  Caulked bell and spigot joints.
192.755  Protecting cast-iron pipelines.

Appendix A to Part 192--Incorporated by Reference
Appendix B to Part 192--Qualification of Pipe
Appendix C to Part 192--Qualification of Welders for Low Stress Level 
          Pipe
Appendix D to Part 192--Criteria for Cathodic Protection and 
          Determination of Measurements

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5103, 60102, 60104, 60108, 60109, 60110, 60113, 
and 60118; and 49 CFR 1.53.

    Source: 35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, unless otherwise noted.

[[Page 29]]



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 192.1   Scope of part.

    (a) This part prescribes minimum safety requirements for pipeline 
facilities and the transportation of gas, including pipeline facilities 
and the transportation of gas within the limits of the outer continental 
shelf as that term is defined in the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act 
(43 U.S.C. 1331).
    (b) This part does not apply to:
    (1) Offshore pipelines upstream from the outlet flange of each 
facility where hydrocarbons are produced or where produced hydrocarbons 
are first separated, dehydrated, or otherwise processed, whichever 
facility is farther downstream;
    (2) Onshore gathering of gas outside of the following areas:
    (i) An area within the limits of any incorporated or unincorporated 
city, town, or village.
    (ii) Any designated residential or commercial area such as a 
subdivision, business or shopping center, or community development.
    (3) Onshore gathering of gas within inlets of the Gulf of Mexico 
except as provided in Sec. 192.612.
    (4) Any pipeline system that transports only petroleum gas or 
petroleum gas/air mixtures to--
    (i) Fewer than 10 customers, if no portion of the system is located 
in a public place; or
    (ii) A single customer, if the system is located entirely on the 
customer's premises (no matter if a portion of the system is located in 
a public place).

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34605, 
Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-67, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt. 192-78, 61 
FR 28782, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.3   Definitions.

    As used in this part:
    Administrator means the Administrator of the Research and Special 
Programs Administration or any person to whom authority in the matter 
concerned has been delegated by the Secretary of Transportation.
    Distribution line means a pipeline other than a gathering or 
transmission line.
    Exposed pipeline means a pipeline where the top of the pipe is 
protruding above the seabed in water less than 15 feet deep, as measured 
from the mean low water.
    Gas means natural gas, flammable gas, or gas which is toxic or 
corrosive.
    Gathering line means a pipeline that transports gas from a current 
production facility to a transmission line or main.
    Gulf of Mexico and its inlets means the waters from the mean high 
water mark of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets open to the 
sea (excluding rivers, tidal marshes, lakes, and canals) seaward to 
include the territorial sea and Outer Continental Shelf to a depth of 15 
feet, as measured from the mean low water.
    Hazard to navigation means, for the purpose of this part, a pipeline 
where the top of the pipe is less than 12 inches below the seabed in 
water less than 15 feet deep, as measured from the mean low water.
    High-pressure distribution system means a distribution system in 
which the gas pressure in the main is higher than the pressure provided 
to the customer.
    Line section means a continuous run of transmission line between 
adjacent compressor stations, between a compressor station and storage 
facilities, between a compressor station and a block valve, or between 
adjacent block valves.
    Listed specification means a specification listed in section I of 
appendix B of this part.
    Low-pressure distribution system means a distribution system in 
which the gas pressure in the main is substantially the same as the 
pressure provided to the customer.
    Main means a distribution line that serves as a common source of 
supply for more than one service line.
    Maximum actual operating pressure means the maximum pressure that 
occurs during normal operations over a period of 1 year.
    Maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) means the maximum 
pressure at which a pipeline or segment of a pipeline may be operated 
under this part.
    Municipality means a city, county, or any other political 
subdivision of a State.

[[Page 30]]

    Offshore means beyond the line of ordinary low water along that 
portion of the coast of the United States that is in direct contact with 
the open seas and beyond the line marking the seaward limit of inland 
waters.
    Operator means a person who engages in the transportation of gas.
    Person means any individual, firm, joint venture, partnership, 
corporation, association, State, municipality, cooperative association, 
or joint stock association, and including any trustee, receiver, 
assignee, or personal representative thereof.
    Petroleum gas means propane, propylene, butane, (normal butane or 
isobutanes), and butylene (including isomers), or mixtures composed 
predominantly of these gases, having a vapor pressure not exceeding 1434 
kPa (208 psig) at 38 deg.C (100 deg.F).
    Pipe means any pipe or tubing used in the transportation of gas, 
including pipe-type holders.
    Pipeline means all parts of those physical facilities through which 
gas moves in transportation, including pipe, valves, and other 
appurtenance attached to pipe, compressor units, metering stations, 
regulator stations, delivery stations, holders, and fabricated 
assemblies.
    Pipeline facility means new and existing pipelines, rights-of-way, 
and any equipment, facility, or building used in the transportation of 
gas or in the treatment of gas during the course of transportation.
    Service line means a distribution line that transports gas from a 
common source of supply to (1) a customer meter or the connection to a 
customer's piping, whichever is farther downstream, or (2) the 
connection to a customer's piping if there is no customer meter. A 
customer meter is the meter that measures the transfer of gas from an 
operator to a consumer.
    SMYS means specified minimum yield strength is:
    (1) For steel pipe manufactured in accordance with a listed 
specification, the yield strength specified as a minimum in that 
specification; or
    (2) For steel pipe manufactured in accordance with an unknown or 
unlisted specification, the yield strength determined in accordance with 
Sec. 192.107(b).
    State means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, 
and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
    Transmission line means a pipeline, other than a gathering line, 
that:
    (a) Transports gas from a gathering line or storage facility to a 
distribution center, storage facility, or large volume customer that is 
not downstream from a distribution center;
    (b) Operates at a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of SMYS; or
    (c) Transports gas within a storage field. A large volume customer 
may receive similar volumes of gas as a distribution center, and 
includes factories, power plants, and institutional users of gas.
    Transportation of gas means the gathering, transmission, or 
distribution of gas by pipeline or the storage of gas, in or affecting 
interstate or foreign commerce.

[Amdt. 192-13, 38 FR 9084, Apr. 10, 1973, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 
FR 34605, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. 
192-67, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt. 192-72, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 
1994; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.5  Class locations.

    (a) This section classifies pipeline locations for purposes of this 
part. The following criteria apply to classifications under this 
section.
    (1) A ``class location unit'' is an onshore area that extends 220 
yards on either side of the centerline of any continuous 1- mile length 
of pipeline.
    (2) Each separate dwelling unit in a multiple dwelling unit building 
is counted as a separate building intended for human occupancy.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, pipeline 
locations are classified as follows:
    (1) A Class 1 location is:
    (i) An offshore area; or
    (ii) Any class location unit that has 10 or fewer buildings intended 
for human occupancy.
    (2) A Class 2 location is any class location unit that has more than 
10 but fewer than 46 buildings intended for human occupancy.
    (3) A Class 3 location is:
    (i) Any class location unit that has 46 or more buildings intended 
for human occupancy; or

[[Page 31]]

    (ii) An area where the pipeline lies within 100 yards of either a 
building or a small, well-defined outside area (such as a playground, 
recreation area, outdoor theater, or other place of public assembly) 
that is occupied by 20 or more persons on at least 5 days a week for 10 
weeks in any 12-month period. (The days and weeks need not be 
consecutive.)
    (4) A Class 4 location is any class location unit where buildings 
with four or more stories above ground are prevalent.
    (c) The length of Class locations 2, 3, and 4 may be adjusted as 
follows:
    (1) A Class 4 location ends 220 yards from the nearest building with 
four or more stories above ground.
    (2) When a cluster of buildings intended for human occupancy 
requires a Class 2 or 3 location, the class location ends 220 yards from 
the nearest building in the cluster.

[Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996; 61 FR 35139, July 5, 1996]



Sec. 192.7   Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Any documents or portions thereof incorporated by reference in 
this part are included in this part as though set out in full. When only 
a portion of a document is referenced, the remainder is not incorporated 
in this part.
    (b) All incorporated materials are available for inspection in the 
Research and Special Programs Administration, 400 Seventh Street, SW., 
Washington, DC, and at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North 
Capitol Street, NW., suite 700, Washington, DC. These materials have 
been approved for incorporation by reference by the Director of the 
Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. 
In addition, the incorporated materials are available from the 
respective organizations listed in appendix A to this part.
    (c) The full titles for the publications incorporated by reference 
in this part are provided in appendix A to this part. Numbers in 
parentheses indicate applicable editions. Earlier editions of documents 
listed or editions of documents formerly listed in previous editions of 
appendix A may be used for materials and components manufactured, 
designed, or installed in accordance with those earlier editions or 
earlier documents at the time they were listed. The user must refer to 
the appropriate previous edition of 49 CFR for a listing of the earlier 
listed editions or documents.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-37, 46 FR 10159, 
Feb. 2, 1981; Amdt 192-51, 51 FR 15334, Apr. 23, 1986; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 
18, 1993; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.9  Gathering lines.

    Except as provided in Secs. 192.1 and 192.150, each operator of a 
gathering line must comply with the requirements of this part applicable 
to transmission lines.

[Amdt. 192-72, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994]



Sec. 192.11  Petroleum gas systems.

    (a) Each plant that supplies petroleum gas by pipeline to a natural 
gas distribution system must meet the requirements of this part and 
ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59.
    (b) Each pipeline system subject to this part that transports only 
petroleum gas or petroleum gas/air mixtures must meet the requirements 
of this part and of ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59.
    (c) In the event of a conflict between this part and ANSI/NFPA 58 
and 59, ANSI/NFPA 58 and 59 prevail.

[Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.13   General.

    (a) No person may operate a segment of pipeline that is readied for 
service after March 12, 1971, or in the case of an offshore gathering 
line, after July 31, 1977, unless:
    (1) The pipeline has been designed, installed, constructed, 
initially inspected, and initially tested in accordance with this part; 
or
    (2) The pipeline qualifies for use under this part in accordance 
with Sec. 192.14.
    (b) No person may operate a segment of pipeline that is replaced, 
relocated, or otherwise changed after November 12, 1970, or in the case 
of an offshore gathering line, after July 31, 1977, unless that 
replacement, relocation, or change has been made in accordance with this 
part.

[[Page 32]]

    (c) Each operator shall maintain, modify as appropriate, and follow 
the plans, procedures, and programs that it is required to establish 
under this part.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34605, 
Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-30, 42 FR 60148, Nov. 25, 1977]



Sec. 192.14  Conversion to service subject to this part.

    (a) A steel pipeline previously used in service not subject to this 
part qualifies for use under this part if the operator prepares and 
follows a written procedure to carry out the following requirements:
    (1) The design, construction, operation, and maintenance history of 
the pipeline must be reviewed and, where sufficient historical records 
are not available, appropriate tests must be performed to determine if 
the pipeline is in a satisfactory condition for safe operation.
    (2) The pipeline right-of-way, all aboveground segments of the 
pipeline, and appropriately selected underground segments must be 
visually inspected for physical defects and operating conditions which 
reasonably could be expected to impair the strength or tightness of the 
pipeline.
    (3) All known unsafe defects and conditions must be corrected in 
accordance with this part.
    (4) The pipeline must be tested in accordance with subpart J of this 
part to substantiate the maximum allowable operating pressure permitted 
by subpart L of this part.
    (b) Each operator must keep for the life of the pipeline a record of 
the investigations, tests, repairs, replacements, and alterations made 
under the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.

[Amdt. 192-30, 42 FR 60148, Nov. 25, 1977]



Sec. 192.15  Rules of regulatory construction.

    (a) As used in this part:
    Includes means including but not limited to.
    May means ``is permitted to'' or ``is authorized to''.
    May not means ``is not permitted to'' or ``is not authorized to''.
    Shall is used in the mandatory and imperative sense.
    (b) In this part:
    (1) Words importing the singular include the plural;
    (2) Words importing the plural include the singular; and
    (3) Words importing the masculine gender include the feminine.



Sec. 192.16  Customer notification.

    (a) This section applies to each operator of a service line who does 
not maintain the customer's buried piping up to entry of the first 
building downstream, or, if the customer's buried piping does not enter 
a building, up to the principal gas utilization equipment or the first 
fence (or wall) that surrounds that equipment. For the purpose of this 
section, ``customer's buried piping'' does not include branch lines that 
serve yard lanterns, pool heaters, or other types of secondary 
equipment. Also, ``maintain'' means monitor for corrosion according to 
Sec. 192.465 if the customer's buried piping is metallic, survey for 
leaks according to Sec. 192.723, and if an unsafe condition is found, 
shut off the flow of gas, advise the customer of the need to repair the 
unsafe condition, or repair the unsafe condition.
    (b) Each operator shall notify each customer once in writing of the 
following information:
    (1) The operator does not maintain the customer's buried piping.
    (2) If the customer's buried piping is not maintained, it may be 
subject to the potential hazards of corrosion and leakage.
    (3) Buried gas piping should be--
    (i) Periodically inspected for leaks;
    (ii) Periodically inspected for corrosion if the piping is metallic; 
and
    (iii) Repaired if any unsafe condition is discovered.
    (4) When excavating near buried gas piping, the piping should be 
located in advance, and the excavation done by hand.
    (5) The operator (if applicable), plumbers, and heating contractors 
can assist in locating, inspecting, and repairing the customer's buried 
piping.
    (c) Each operator shall notify each customer not later than August 
14, 1996, or 90 days after the customer first receives gas at a 
particular location, whichever is later. However, operators

[[Page 33]]

of master meter systems may continuously post a general notice in a 
prominent location frequented by customers.
    (d) Each operator must make the following records available for 
inspection by the Administrator or a State agency participating under 49 
U.S.C. 60105 or 60106:
    (1) A copy of the notice currently in use; and
    (2) Evidence that notices have been sent to customers within the 
previous 3 years.

[Amdt. 192-74, 60 FR 41828, Aug. 14, 1995, as amended by Amdt. 192-74A, 
60 FR 63451, Dec. 11, 1995]



                          Subpart B--Materials



Sec. 192.51   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for the selection and 
qualification of pipe and components for use in pipelines.



Sec. 192.53   General.

    Materials for pipe and components must be:
    (a) Able to maintain the structural integrity of the pipeline under 
temperature and other environmental conditions that may be anticipated;
    (b) Chemically compatible with any gas that they transport and with 
any other material in the pipeline with which they are in contact; and
    (c) Qualified in accordance with the applicable requirements of this 
subpart.



Sec. 192.55   Steel pipe.

    (a) New steel pipe is qualified for use under this part if:
    (1) It was manufactured in accordance with a listed specification;
    (2) It meets the requirements of--
    (i) Section II of appendix B to this part; or
    (ii) If it was manufactured before November 12, 1970, either section 
II or III of appendix B to this part; or
    (3) It is used in accordance with paragraph (c) or (d) of this 
section.
    (b) Used steel pipe is qualified for use under this part if:
    (1) It was manufactured in accordance with a listed specification 
and it meets the requirements of paragraph II-C of appendix B to this 
part;
    (2) It meets the requirements of:
    (i) Section II of appendix B to this part; or
    (ii) If it was manufactured before November 12, 1970, either section 
II or III of appendix B to this part;
    (3) It has been used in an existing line of the same or higher 
pressure and meets the requirements of paragraph II-C of appendix B to 
this part; or
    (4) It is used in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
    (c) New or used steel pipe may be used at a pressure resulting in a 
hoop stress of less than 6,000 p.s.i. where no close coiling or close 
bending is to be done, if visual examination indicates that the pipe is 
in good condition and that it is free of split seams and other defects 
that would cause leakage. If it is to be welded, steel pipe that has not 
been manufactured to a listed specification must also pass the 
weldability tests prescribed in paragraph II-B of appendix B to this 
part.
    (d) Steel pipe that has not been previously used may be used as 
replacement pipe in a segment of pipeline if it has been manufactured 
prior to November 12, 1970, in accordance with the same specification as 
the pipe used in constructing that segment of pipeline.
    (e) New steel pipe that has been cold expanded must comply with the 
mandatory provisions of API Specification 5L.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 191-1, 35 FR 17660, 
Nov. 17, 1970; Amdt. 192-12, 38 FR 4761, Feb. 22, 1973; Amdt. 192-51, 51 
FR 15335, Apr. 23, 1986; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993]
Sec. 192.57  [Reserved]



Sec. 192.59   Plastic pipe.

    (a) New plastic pipe is qualified for use under this part if:
    (1) It is manufactured in accordance with a listed specification; 
and
    (2) It is resistant to chemicals with which contact may be 
anticipated.
    (b) Used plastic pipe is qualified for use under this part if:
    (1) It was manufactured in accordance with a listed specification;
    (2) It is resistant to chemicals with which contact may be 
anticipated;
    (3) It has been used only in natural gas service;

[[Page 34]]

    (4) Its dimensions are still within the tolerances of the 
specification to which it was manufactured; and
    (5) It is free of visible defects.
    (c) For the purpose of paragraphs (a)(1) and (b)(1) of this section, 
where pipe of a diameter included in a listed specification is 
impractical to use, pipe of a diameter between the sizes included in a 
listed specification may be used if it:
    (1) Meets the strength and design criteria required of pipe included 
in that listed specification; and
    (2) Is manufactured from plastic compounds which meet the criteria 
for material required of pipe included in that listed specification.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-19, 40 FR 10472, 
Mar. 6, 1975; Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988]
Sec. 192.61  [Reserved]



Sec. 192.63   Marking of materials.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, each valve, 
fitting, length of pipe, and other component must be marked--
    (1) As prescribed in the specification or standard to which it was 
manufactured, except that thermoplastic fittings must be marked in 
accordance with ASTM D 2513; or
    (2) To indicate size, material, manufacturer, pressure rating, and 
temperature rating, and as appropriate, type, grade, and model.
    (b) Surfaces of pipe and components that are subject to stress from 
internal pressure may not be field die stamped.
    (c) If any item is marked by die stamping, the die must have blunt 
or rounded edges that will minimize stress concentrations.
    (d) Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to items 
manufactured before November 12, 1970, that meet all of the following:
    (1) The item is identifiable as to type, manufacturer, and model.
    (2) Specifications or standards giving pressure, temperature, and 
other appropriate criteria for the use of items are readily available.

[Amdt. 192-1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 17, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-31, 43 
FR 883, Apr. 3, 1978; Amdt. 192-61, 53 FR 36793, Sept. 22, 1988; Amdt. 
192-62, 54 FR 5627, Feb. 6, 1989; Amdt. 192-61A, 54 FR 32642, Aug. 9, 
1989; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192-76, 61 FR 26122, May 24, 
1996; 61 FR 36826, July 15, 1996]



Sec. 192.65   Transportation of pipe.

    In a pipeline to be operated at a hoop stress of 20 percent or more 
of SMYS, an operator may not use pipe having an outer diameter to wall 
thickness ratio of 70 to 1, or more, that is transported by railroad 
unless:
    (a) The transportation is performed in accordance with API RP 5L1.
    (b) In the case of pipe transported before November 12, 1970, the 
pipe is tested in accordance with subpart J of this part to at least 
1.25 times the maximum allowable operating pressure if it is to be 
installed in a class 1 location and to at least 1.5 times the maximum 
allowable operating pressure if it is to be installed in a class 2, 3, 
or 4 location. Notwithstanding any shorter time period permitted under 
subpart J of this part, the test pressure must be maintained for at 
least 8 hours.

[Amdt. 192-12, 38 FR 4761, Feb. 22, 1973, as amended by Amdt. 192-17, 40 
FR 6346, Feb. 11, 1975; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993]



                         Subpart C--Pipe Design



Sec. 192.101   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes the minimum requirements for the design of 
pipe.



Sec. 192.103   General.

    Pipe must be designed with sufficient wall thickness, or must be 
installed with adequate protection, to withstand anticipated external 
pressures and loads that will be imposed on the pipe after installation.



Sec. 192.105   Design formula for steel pipe.

    (a) The design pressure for steel pipe is determined in accordance 
with the following formula:

                         P=(2 St/D)  x F x E x T

P=Design pressure in pounds per square inch gauge.

[[Page 35]]

S=Yield strength in pounds per square inch determined in accordance with 
Sec. 192.107.
D=Nominal outside diameter of the pipe in inches.
t=Nominal wall thickness of the pipe in inches. If this is unknown, it 
is determined in accordance with Sec. 192.109. Additional wall thickness 
required for concurrent external loads in accordance with Sec. 192.103 
may not be included in computing design pressure.
F=Design factor determined in accordance with Sec. 192.111.
E=Longitudinal joint factor determined in accordance with Sec. 192.113.
T=Temperature derating factor determined in accordance with 
Sec. 192.115.

    (b) If steel pipe that has been subjected to cold expansion to meet 
the SMYS is subsequently heated, other than by welding or stress 
relieving as a part of welding, the design pressure is limited to 75 
percent of the pressure determined under paragraph (a) of this section 
if the temperature of the pipe exceeds 900 deg. F (482 deg. C) at any 
time or is held above 600 deg. F (316 deg. C) for more than 1 hour.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-47, 49 FR 7569, 
Mar. 1, 1984]



Sec. 192.107   Yield strength (S) for steel pipe.

    (a) For pipe that is manufactured in accordance with a specification 
listed in section I of appendix B of this part, the yield strength to be 
used in the design formula in Sec. 192.105 is the SMYS stated in the 
listed specification, if that value is known.
    (b) For pipe that is manufactured in accordance with a specification 
not listed in section I of appendix B to this part or whose 
specification or tensile properties are unknown, the yield strength to 
be used in the design formula in Sec. 192.105 is one of the following:
    (1) If the pipe is tensile tested in accordance with section II-D of 
appendix B to this part, the lower of the following:
    (i) 80 percent of the average yield strength determined by the 
tensile tests.
    (ii) The lowest yield strength determined by the tensile tests.
    (2) If the pipe is not tensile tested as provided in paragraph 
(b)(1) of this section 24,000 p.s.i.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28783, 
June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.109   Nominal wall thickness (t) for steel pipe.

    (a) If the nominal wall thickness for steel pipe is not known, it is 
determined by measuring the thickness of each piece of pipe at quarter 
points on one end.
    (b) However, if the pipe is of uniform grade, size, and thickness 
and there are more than 10 lengths, only 10 percent of the individual 
lengths, but not less than 10 lengths, need be measured. The thickness 
of the lengths that are not measured must be verified by applying a 
gauge set to the minimum thickness found by the measurement. The nominal 
wall thickness to be used in the design formula in Sec. 192.105 is the 
next wall thickness found in commercial specifications that is below the 
average of all the measurements taken. However, the nominal wall 
thickness used may not be more than 1.14 times the smallest measurement 
taken on pipe less than 20 inches in outside diameter, nor more than 
1.11 times the smallest measurement taken on pipe 20 inches or more in 
outside diameter.



Sec. 192.111   Design factor (F) for steel pipe.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of 
this section, the design factor to be used in the design formula in 
Sec. 192.105 is determined in accordance with the following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Design  
                       Class location                         factor (F)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...........................................................        0.72
2...........................................................        0.60
3...........................................................        0.50
4...........................................................        0.40
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) A design factor of 0.60 or less must be used in the design 
formula in Sec. 192.105 for steel pipe in Class 1 locations that:
    (1) Crosses the right-of-way of an unimproved public road, without a 
casing;
    (2) Crosses without a casing, or makes a parallel encroachment on, 
the

[[Page 36]]

right-of-way of either a hard surfaced road, a highway, a public street, 
or a railroad;
    (3) Is supported by a vehicular, pedestrian, railroad, or pipeline 
bridge; or
    (4) Is used in a fabricated assembly, (including separators, 
mainline valve assemblies, cross-connections, and river crossing 
headers) or is used within five pipe diameters in any direction from the 
last fitting of a fabricated assembly, other than a transition piece or 
an elbow used in place of a pipe bend which is not associated with a 
fabricated assembly.
    (c) For Class 2 locations, a design factor of 0.50, or less, must be 
used in the design formula in Sec. 192.105 for uncased steel pipe that 
crosses the right-of-way of a hard surfaced road, a highway, a public 
street, or a railroad.
    (d) For Class 1 and Class 2 locations, a design factor of 0.50, or 
less, must be used in the design formula in Sec. 192.105 for--
    (1) Steel pipe in a compressor station, regulating station, or 
measuring station; and
    (2) Steel pipe, including a pipe riser, on a platform located 
offshore or in inland navigable waters.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34605, 
Aug. 16, 1976]



Sec. 192.113   Longitudinal joint factor (E) for steel pipe.

    The longitudinal joint factor to be used in the design formula in 
Sec. 192.105 is determined in accordance with the following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Longitudinal
           Specification                  Pipe class        joint factor
                                                                 (E)    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASTM A 53.........................  Seamless..............       1.00   
                                    Electric resistance          1.00   
                                     welded.                            
                                    Furnace butt welded...        .60   
ASTM A 106........................  Seamless..............       1.00   
ASTM A 333/A 333M.................  Seamless..............       1.00   
                                    Electric resistance          1.00   
                                     welded.                            
ASTM A 381........................  Double submerged arc         1.00   
                                     welded.                            
ASTM A 671........................  Electric-fusion-welded       1.00   
ASTM A 672........................  Electric-fusion-welded       1.00   
ASTM A 691........................  Electric-fusion-welded       1.00   
API 5 L...........................  Seamless..............       1.00   
                                    Electric resistance          1.00   
                                     welded.                            
                                    Electric flash welded.       1.00   
                                    Submerged arc welded..       1.00   
                                    Furnace butt welded...        .60   
Other.............................  Pipe over 4 inches....        .80   
Other.............................  Pipe 4 inches or less.        .60   
------------------------------------------------------------------------

If the type of longitudinal joint cannot be determined, the joint factor 
to be used must not exceed that designated for ``Other.''

[Amdt. 192-37, 46 FR 10159, Feb. 2, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 192-51, 51 
FR 15335, Apr. 23, 1986; Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5627, Feb. 6, 1989; 58 FR 
14521, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 192.115   Temperature derating factor (T) for steel pipe.

    The temperature derating factor to be used in the design formula in 
Sec. 192.105 is determined as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Temperature
           Gas temperature in degrees Fahrenheit               derating 
                                                              factor (T)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 or less................................................        1.000
300........................................................        0.967
350........................................................        0.933
400........................................................        0.900
450........................................................        0.867
------------------------------------------------------------------------

For intermediate gas temperatures, the derating factor is determined by 
interpolation.
Sec. 192.117  [Reserved]
Sec. 192.119  [Reserved]



Sec. 192.121  Design of plastic pipe.

    Subject to the limitations of Sec. 192.123, the design pressure for 
plastic pipe is determined in accordance with either of the following 
formulas:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR06JN96.013

Where:

P=Design pressure, gauge, kPa (psig).
S=For thermoplastic pipe, the long-term hydrostatic strength determined 
in accordance with the listed specification at a temperature equal to 
23 deg.C (73 deg.F), 38 deg.C (100 deg.F),

[[Page 37]]

49 deg.C (120 deg.F), or 60 deg.C (140 deg.F); for reinforced 
thermosetting plastic pipe, 75,842 kPa (11,000 psi).
t=Specified wall thickness, mm (in).
D=Specified outside diameter, mm (in).
SDR=Standard dimension ratio, the ratio of the average specified outside 
diameter to the minimum specified wall thickness, corresponding to a 
value from a common numbering system that was derived from the American 
National Standards Institute preferred number series 10.

[Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.123  Design limitations for plastic pipe.

    (a) The design pressure may not exceed a gauge pressure of 689 kPa 
(100 psig) for plastic pipe used in:
    (1) Distribution systems; or
    (2) Classes 3 and 4 locations.
    (b) Plastic pipe may not be used where operating temperatures of the 
pipe will be:
    (1) Below -29 deg.C (-20 deg.F), or -40 deg.C (-40 deg.F) if all 
pipe and pipeline components whose operating temperature will be below 
-29 deg.C (-20 deg.F) have a temperature rating by the manufacturer 
consistent with that operating temperature; or
    (2) Above the following applicable temperatures:
    (i) For thermoplastic pipe, the temperature at which the long-term 
hydrostatic strength used in the design formula under Sec. 192.121 is 
determined. However, if the pipe was manufactured before May 18, 1978 
and its long-term hydrostatic strength was determined at 23 deg.C 
(73 deg.F), it may be used at temperatures up to 38 deg.C (100 deg.F).
    (ii) For reinforced thermosetting plastic pipe, 66 deg.C 
(150 deg.F).
    (c) The wall thickness for thermoplastic pipe may not be less than 
1.57 millimeters (0.062 in.).
    (d) The wall thickness for reinforced thermosetting plastic pipe may 
not be less than that listed in the following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Minimum  
                                                                 wall   
                                                              thickness 
                   Nominal size in inches                         in    
                                                             millimeters
                                                               (inches) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2..........................................................         1.52
                                                                 (0.060)
3..........................................................         1.52
                                                                 (0.060)
4..........................................................         1.78
                                                                 (0.070)
6..........................................................         2.54
                                                                 (0.100)
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-31, 43 FR 13883, 
Apr. 3, 1978; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.125   Design of copper pipe.

    (a) Copper pipe used in mains must have a minimum wall thickness of 
0.065 inches and must be hard drawn.
    (b) Copper pipe used in service lines must have wall thickness not 
less than that indicated in the following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Wall thickness (inch)       
  Standard size      Nominal O.D.   ------------------------------------
      (inch)            (inch)            Nominal          Tolerance    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1/2\............           .625              .040              .0035   
\5/8\............           .750              .042              .0035   
\3/4\............           .875              .045              .004    
1................          1.125              .050              .004    
1\1/4\...........          1.375              .055              .0045   
1\1/2\...........          1.625              .060              .0045   
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) Copper pipe used in mains and service lines may not be used at 
pressures in excess of 100 p.s.i.g.
    (d) Copper pipe that does not have an internal corrosion resistant 
lining may not be used to carry gas that has an average hydrogen sulfide 
content of more than 0.3 grains per 100 standard cubic feet of gas.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5628, 
Feb. 6, 1989]



                Subpart D--Design of Pipeline Components



Sec. 192.141   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for the design and 
installation of pipeline components and facilities. In addition, it 
prescribes requirements relating to protection against accidental 
overpressuring.



Sec. 192.143  General requirements.

    Each component of a pipeline must be able to withstand operating 
pressures and other anticipated loadings without impairment of its 
serviceability with unit stresses equivalent to those allowed for 
comparable material in pipe in the same location and kind

[[Page 38]]

of service. However, if design based upon unit stresses is impractical 
for a particular component, design may be based upon a pressure rating 
established by the manufacturer by pressure testing that component or a 
prototype of the component.

[Amdt. 48, 49 FR 19824, May 10, 1984]



Sec. 192.144  Qualifying metallic components.

    Notwithstanding any requirement of this subpart which incorporates 
by reference an edition of a document listed in appendix A of this part, 
a metallic component manufactured in accordance with any other edition 
of that document is qualified for use under this part if--
    (a) It can be shown through visual inspection of the cleaned 
component that no defect exists which might impair the strength or 
tightness of the component; and
    (b) The edition of the document under which the component was 
manufactured has equal or more stringent requirements for the following 
as an edition of that document currently or previously listed in 
appendix A:
    (1) Pressure testing;
    (2) Materials; and
    (3) Pressure and temperature ratings.

[Amdt. 192-45, 48 FR 30639, July 5, 1983]



Sec. 192.145   Valves.

    (a) Except for cast iron and plastic valves, each valve must meet 
the minimum requirements, or equivalent, of API 6D. A valve may not be 
used under operating conditions that exceed the applicable pressure-
temperature ratings contained in those requirements.
    (b) Each cast iron and plastic valve must comply with the following:
    (1) The valve must have a maximum service pressure rating for 
temperatures that equal or exceed the maximum service temperature.
    (2) The valve must be tested as part of the manufacturing, as 
follows:
    (i) With the valve in the fully open position, the shell must be 
tested with no leakage to a pressure at least 1.5 times the maximum 
service rating.
    (ii) After the shell test, the seat must be tested to a pressure not 
less than 1.5 times the maximum service pressure rating. Except for 
swing check valves, test pressure during the seat test must be applied 
successively on each side of the closed valve with the opposite side 
open. No visible leakage is permitted.
    (iii) After the last pressure test is completed, the valve must be 
operated through its full travel to demonstrate freedom from 
interference.
    (c) Each valve must be able to meet the anticipated operating 
conditions.
    (d) No valve having shell components made of ductile iron may be 
used at pressures exceeding 80 percent of the pressure ratings for 
comparable steel valves at their listed temperature. However, a valve 
having shell components made of ductile iron may be used at pressures up 
to 80 percent of the pressure ratings for comparable steel valves at 
their listed temperature, if:
    (1) The temperature-adjusted service pressure does not exceed 1,000 
p.s.i.g.; and
    (2) Welding is not used on any ductile iron component in the 
fabrication of the valve shells or their assembly.
    (e) No valve having pressure containing parts made of ductile iron 
may be used in the gas pipe components of compressor stations.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5628, 
Feb. 6, 1989]



Sec. 192.147   Flanges and flange accessories.

    (a) Each flange or flange accessory (other than cast iron) must meet 
the minimum requirements of ASME/ANSI B16.5, MSS SP-44, or the 
equivalent.
    (b) Each flange assembly must be able to withstand the maximum 
pressure at which the pipeline is to be operated and to maintain its 
physical and chemical properties at any temperature to which it is 
anticipated that it might be subjected in service.
    (c) Each flange on a flanged joint in cast iron pipe must conform in 
dimensions, drilling, face and gasket design to ASME/ANSI B16.1 and be 
cast integrally with the pipe, valve, or fitting.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5628, 
Feb. 6, 1989; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 192.149   Standard fittings.

    (a) The minimum metal thickness of threaded fittings may not be less 
than

[[Page 39]]

specified for the pressures and temperatures in the applicable standards 
referenced in this part, or their equivalent.
    (b) Each steel butt-welding fitting must have pressure and 
temperature ratings based on stresses for pipe of the same or equivalent 
material. The actual bursting strength of the fitting must at least 
equal the computed bursting strength of pipe of the designated material 
and wall thickness, as determined by a prototype that was tested to at 
least the pressure required for the pipeline to which it is being added.



Sec. 192.150  Passage of internal inspection devices.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
each new transmission line and each line section of a transmission line 
where the line pipe, valve, fitting, or other line component is replaced 
must be designed and constructed to accommodate the passage of 
instrumented internal inspection devices.
    (b) This section does not apply to: (1) Manifolds;
    (2) Station piping such as at compressor stations, meter stations, 
or regulator stations;
    (3) Piping associated with storage facilities, other than a 
continuous run of transmission line between a compressor station and 
storage facilities;
    (4) Cross-overs;
    (5) Sizes of pipe for which an instrumented internal inspection 
device is not commercially available;
    (6) Transmission lines, operated in conjunction with a distribution 
system which are installed in Class 4 locations;
    (7) Offshore pipelines, other than transmission lines 10 inches or 
greater in nominal diameter, that transport gas to onshore facilities; 
and
    (8) Other piping that, under Sec. 190.9 of this chapter, the 
Administrator finds in a particular case would be impracticable to 
design and construct to accommodate the passage of instrumented internal 
inspection devices.
    (c) An operator encountering emergencies, construction time 
constraints or other unforeseen construction problems need not construct 
a new or replacement segment of a transmission line to meet paragraph 
(a) of this section, if the operator determines and documents why an 
impracticability prohibits compliance with paragraph (a) of this 
section. Within 30 days after discovering the emergency or construction 
problem the operator must petition, under Sec. 190.9 of this chapter, 
for approval that design and construction to accommodate passage of 
instrumented internal inspection devices would be impracticable. If the 
petition is denied, within 1 year after the date of the notice of the 
denial, the operator must modify that segment to allow passage of 
instrumented internal inspection devices.

[Amdt. 192-72, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994]



Sec. 192.151   Tapping.

    (a) Each mechanical fitting used to make a hot tap must be designed 
for at least the operating pressure of the pipeline.
    (b) Where a ductile iron pipe is tapped, the extent of full-thread 
engagement and the need for the use of outside-sealing service 
connections, tapping saddles, or other fixtures must be determined by 
service conditions.
    (c) Where a threaded tap is made in cast iron or ductile iron pipe, 
the diameter of the tapped hole may not be more than 25 percent of the 
nominal diameter of the pipe unless the pipe is reinforced, except that
    (1) Existing taps may be used for replacement service, if they are 
free of cracks and have good threads; and
    (2) A 1\1/4\-inch tap may be made in a 4-inch cast iron or ductile 
iron pipe, without reinforcement.

However, in areas where climate, soil, and service conditions may create 
unusual external stresses on cast iron pipe, unreinforced taps may be 
used only on 6-inch or larger pipe.



Sec. 192.153   Components fabricated by welding.

    (a) Except for branch connections and assemblies of standard pipe 
and fittings joined by circumferential welds, the design pressure of 
each component fabricated by welding, whose strength cannot be 
determined, must be established in accordance with paragraph UG-101 of 
section VIII, Division 1, of

[[Page 40]]

the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
    (b) Each prefabricated unit that uses plate and longitudinal seams 
must be designed, constructed, and tested in accordance with section I, 
section VIII, Division 1, or section VIII, Division 2 of the ASME Boiler 
and Pressure Vessel Code, except for the following:
    (1) Regularly manufactured butt-welding fittings.
    (2) Pipe that has been produced and tested under a specification 
listed in appendix B to this part.
    (3) Partial assemblies such as split rings or collars.
    (4) Prefabricated units that the manufacturer certifies have been 
tested to at least twice the maximum pressure to which they will be 
subjected under the anticipated operating conditions.
    (c) Orange-peel bull plugs and orange-peel swages may not be used on 
pipelines that are to operate at a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of 
the SMYS of the pipe.
    (d) Except for flat closures designed in accordance with section 
VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Code, flat closures and fish tails 
may not be used on pipe that either operates at 100 p.s.i.g., or more, 
or is more than 3 inches nominal diameter.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-1, 35 FR 17660, 
Nov. 17, 1970; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192-68, 58 FR 45268, 
Aug. 27, 1993]



Sec. 192.155   Welded branch connections.

    Each welded branch connection made to pipe in the form of a single 
connection, or in a header or manifold as a series of connections, must 
be designed to ensure that the strength of the pipeline system is not 
reduced, taking into account the stresses in the remaining pipe wall due 
to the opening in the pipe or header, the shear stresses produced by the 
pressure acting on the area of the branch opening, and any external 
loadings due to thermal movement, weight, and vibration.



Sec. 192.157   Extruded outlets.

    Each extruded outlet must be suitable for anticipated service 
conditions and must be at least equal to the design strength of the pipe 
and other fittings in the pipeline to which it is attached.



Sec. 192.159   Flexibility.

    Each pipeline must be designed with enough flexibility to prevent 
thermal expansion or contraction from causing excessive stresses in the 
pipe or components, excessive bending or unusual loads at joints, or 
undesirable forces or moments at points of connection to equipment, or 
at anchorage or guide points.



Sec. 192.161   Supports and anchors.

    (a) Each pipeline and its associated equipment must have enough 
anchors or supports to:
    (1) Prevent undue strain on connected equipment;
    (2) Resist longitudinal forces caused by a bend or offset in the 
pipe; and
    (3) Prevent or damp out excessive vibration.
    (b) Each exposed pipeline must have enough supports or anchors to 
protect the exposed pipe joints from the maximum end force caused by 
internal pressure and any additional forces caused by temperature 
expansion or contraction or by the weight of the pipe and its contents.
    (c) Each support or anchor on an exposed pipeline must be made of 
durable, noncombustible material and must be designed and installed as 
follows:
    (1) Free expansion and contraction of the pipeline between supports 
or anchors may not be restricted.
    (2) Provision must be made for the service conditions involved.
    (3) Movement of the pipeline may not cause disengagement of the 
support equipment.
    (d) Each support on an exposed pipeline operated at a stress level 
of 50 percent or more of SMYS must comply with the following:
    (1) A structural support may not be welded directly to the pipe.
    (2) The support must be provided by a member that completely 
encircles the pipe.
    (3) If an encircling member is welded to a pipe, the weld must be 
continuous and cover the entire circumference.
    (e) Each underground pipeline that is connected to a relatively 
unyielding line or other fixed object must have

[[Page 41]]

enough flexibility to provide for possible movement, or it must have an 
anchor that will limit the movement of the pipeline.
    (f) Except for offshore pipelines, each underground pipeline that is 
being connected to new branches must have a firm foundation for both the 
header and the branch to prevent detrimental lateral and vertical 
movement.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, 
Jan. 21, 1988]



Sec. 192.163   Compressor stations: Design and construction.

    (a) Location of compressor building. Except for a compressor 
building on a platform located offshore or in inland navigable waters, 
each main compressor building of a compressor station must be located on 
property under the control of the operator. It must be far enough away 
from adjacent property, not under control of the operator, to minimize 
the possibility of fire being communicated to the compressor building 
from structures on adjacent property. There must be enough open space 
around the main compressor building to allow the free movement of fire-
fighting equipment.
    (b) Building construction. Each building on a compressor station 
site must be made of noncombustible materials if it contains either--
    (1) Pipe more than 2 inches in diameter that is carrying gas under 
pressure; or
    (2) Gas handling equipment other than gas utilization equipment used 
for domestic purposes.
    (c) Exits. Each operating floor of a main compressor building must 
have at least two separated and unobstructed exits located so as to 
provide a convenient possibility of escape and an unobstructed passage 
to a place of safety. Each door latch on an exit must be of a type which 
can be readily opened from the inside without a key. Each swinging door 
located in an exterior wall must be mounted to swing outward.
    (d) Fenced areas. Each fence around a compressor station must have 
at least two gates located so as to provide a convenient opportunity for 
escape to a place of safety, or have other facilities affording a 
similarly convenient exit from the area. Each gate located within 200 
feet of any compressor plant building must open outward and, when 
occupied, must be openable from the inside without a key.
    (e) Electrical facilities. Electrical equipment and wiring installed 
in compressor stations must conform to the National Electrical Code, 
ANSI/NFPA 70, so far as that code is applicable.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34605, 
Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-37, 46 FR 10159, Feb. 2, 1981; 58 FR 14521, 
Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 192.165   Compressor stations: Liquid removal.

    (a) Where entrained vapors in gas may liquefy under the anticipated 
pressure and temperature conditions, the compressor must be protected 
against the introduction of those liquids in quantities that could cause 
damage.
    (b) Each liquid separator used to remove entrained liquids at a 
compressor station must:
    (1) Have a manually operable means of removing these liquids.
    (2) Where slugs of liquid could be carried into the compressors, 
have either automatic liquid removal facilities, an automatic compressor 
shutdown device, or a high liquid level alarm; and
    (3) Be manufactured in accordance with section VIII of the ASME 
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, except that liquid separators 
constructed of pipe and fittings without internal welding must be 
fabricated with a design factor of 0.4, or less.



Sec. 192.167   Compressor stations: Emergency shutdown.

    (a) Except for unattended field compressor stations of 1,000 
horsepower or less, each compressor station must have an emergency 
shutdown system that meets the following:
    (1) It must be able to block gas out of the station and blow down 
the station piping.
    (2) It must discharge gas from the blowdown piping at a location 
where the gas will not create a hazard.
    (3) It must provide means for the shutdown of gas compressing 
equipment, gas fires, and electrical facilities in the vicinity of gas 
headers and in the compressor building, except that:

[[Page 42]]

    (i) Electrical circuits that supply emergency lighting required to 
assist station personnel in evacuating the compressor building and the 
area in the vicinity of the gas headers must remain energized; and
    (ii) Electrical circuits needed to protect equipment from damage may 
remain energized.
    (4) It must be operable from at least two locations, each of which 
is:
    (i) Outside the gas area of the station;
    (ii) Near the exit gates, if the station is fenced, or near 
emergency exits, if not fenced; and
    (iii) Not more than 500 feet from the limits of the station.
    (b) If a compressor station supplies gas directly to a distribution 
system with no other adequate source of gas available, the emergency 
shutdown system must be designed so that it will not function at the 
wrong time and cause an unintended outage on the distribution system.
    (c) On a platform located offshore or in inland navigable waters, 
the emergency shutdown system must be designed and installed to actuate 
automatically by each of the following events:
    (1) In the case of an unattended compressor station:
    (i) When the gas pressure equals the maximum allowable operating 
pressure plus 15 percent; or
    (ii) When an uncontrolled fire occurs on the platform; and
    (2) In the case of a compressor station in a building:
    (i) When an uncontrolled fire occurs in the building; or
    (ii) When the concentration of gas in air reaches 50 percent or more 
of the lower explosive limit in a building which has a source of 
ignition.

For the purpose of paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, an electrical 
facility which conforms to Class 1, Group D, of the National Electrical 
Code is not a source of ignition.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34605, 
Aug. 16, 1976]



Sec. 192.169   Compressor stations: Pressure limiting devices.

    (a) Each compressor station must have pressure relief or other 
suitable protective devices of sufficient capacity and sensitivity to 
ensure that the maximum allowable operating pressure of the station 
piping and equipment is not exceeded by more than 10 percent.
    (b) Each vent line that exhausts gas from the pressure relief valves 
of a compressor station must extend to a location where the gas may be 
discharged without hazard.



Sec. 192.171   Compressor stations: Additional safety equipment.

    (a) Each compressor station must have adequate fire protection 
facilities. If fire pumps are a part of these facilities, their 
operation may not be affected by the emergency shutdown system.
    (b) Each compressor station prime mover, other than an electrical 
induction or synchronous motor, must have an automatic device to shut 
down the unit before the speed of either the prime mover or the driven 
unit exceeds a maximum safe speed.
    (c) Each compressor unit in a compressor station must have a 
shutdown or alarm device that operates in the event of inadequate 
cooling or lubrication of the unit.
    (d) Each compressor station gas engine that operates with pressure 
gas injection must be equipped so that stoppage of the engine 
automatically shuts off the fuel and vents the engine distribution 
manifold.
    (e) Each muffler for a gas engine in a compressor station must have 
vent slots or holes in the baffles of each compartment to prevent gas 
from being trapped in the muffler.



Sec. 192.173   Compressor stations: Ventilation.

    Each compressor station building must be ventilated to ensure that 
employees are not endangered by the accumulation of gas in rooms, sumps, 
attics, pits, or other enclosed places.



Sec. 192.175   Pipe-type and bottle-type holders.

    (a) Each pipe-type and bottle-type holder must be designed so as to 
prevent the accumulation of liquids in the

[[Page 43]]

holder, in connecting pipe, or in auxiliary equipment, that might cause 
corrosion or interfere with the safe operation of the holder.
    (b) Each pipe-type or bottle-type holder must have minimum clearance 
from other holders in accordance with the following formula:

                          C=(3D x P x F)/1,000

in which:

C=Minimum clearance between pipe containers or bottles in inches.
D=Outside diameter of pipe containers or bottles in inches.
P=Maximum allowable operating pressure, p.s.i.g.
F=Design factor as set forth in Sec. 192.111 of this part.



Sec. 192.177   Additional provisions for bottle-type holders.

    (a) Each bottle-type holder must be--
    (1) Located on a site entirely surrounded by fencing that prevents 
access by unauthorized persons and with minimum clearance from the fence 
as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Minimum    
          Maximum allowable operating pressure              clearance   
                                                              (feet)    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than 1,000 p.s.i.g................................        25       
1,000 p.s.i.g. or more.................................       100       
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Designed using the design factors set forth in Sec. 192.111; and
    (3) Buried with a minimum cover in accordance with Sec. 192.327.
    (b) Each bottle-type holder manufactured from steel that is not 
weldable under field conditions must comply with the following:
    (1) A bottle-type holder made from alloy steel must meet the 
chemical and tensile requirements for the various grades of steel in 
ASTM A 372/A 372M.
    (2) The actual yield-tensile ratio of the steel may not exceed 0.85.
    (3) Welding may not be performed on the holder after it has been 
heat treated or stress relieved, except that copper wires may be 
attached to the small diameter portion of the bottle end closure for 
cathodic protection if a localized thermit welding process is used.
    (4) The holder must be given a mill hydrostatic test at a pressure 
that produces a hoop stress at least equal to 85 percent of the SMYS.
    (5) The holder, connection pipe, and components must be leak tested 
after installation as required by subpart J of this part.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, 
Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt 192-62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 
18, 1993]



Sec. 192.179   Transmission line valves.

    (a) Each transmission line, other than offshore segments, must have 
sectionalizing block valves spaced as follows, unless in a particular 
case the Administrator finds that alternative spacing would provide an 
equivalent level of safety:
    (1) Each point on the pipeline in a Class 4 location must be within 
2\1/2\ miles of a valve.
    (2) Each point on the pipeline in a Class 3 location must be within 
4 miles of a valve.
    (3) Each point on the pipeline in a Class 2 location must be within 
7\1/2\ miles of a valve.
    (4) Each point on the pipeline in a Class 1 location must be within 
10 miles of a valve.
    (b) Each sectionalizing block valve on a transmission line, other 
than offshore segments, must comply with the following:
    (1) The valve and the operating device to open or close the valve 
must be readily accessible and protected from tampering and damage.
    (2) The valve must be supported to prevent settling of the valve or 
movement of the pipe to which it is attached.
    (c) Each section of a transmission line, other than offshore 
segments, between main line valves must have a blowdown valve with 
enough capacity to allow the transmission line to be blown down as 
rapidly as practicable. Each blowdown discharge must be located so the 
gas can be blown to the atmosphere without hazard and, if the 
transmission line is adjacent to an overhead electric line, so that the 
gas is directed away from the electrical conductors.
    (d) Offshore segments of transmission lines must be equipped with 
valves or other components to shut off the flow

[[Page 44]]

of gas to an offshore platform in an emergency.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34606, 
Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.181   Distribution line valves.

    (a) Each high-pressure distribution system must have valves spaced 
so as to reduce the time to shut down a section of main in an emergency. 
The valve spacing is determined by the operating pressure, the size of 
the mains, and the local physical conditions.
    (b) Each regulator station controlling the flow or pressure of gas 
in a distribution system must have a valve installed on the inlet piping 
at a distance from the regulator station sufficient to permit the 
operation of the valve during an emergency that might preclude access to 
the station.
    (c) Each valve on a main installed for operating or emergency 
purposes must comply with the following:
    (1) The valve must be placed in a readily accessible location so as 
to facilitate its operation in an emergency.
    (2) The operating stem or mechanism must be readily accessible.
    (3) If the valve is installed in a buried box or enclosure, the box 
or enclosure must be installed so as to avoid transmitting external 
loads to the main.



Sec. 192.183   Vaults: Structural design requirements.

    (a) Each underground vault or pit for valves, pressure relieving, 
pressure limiting, or pressure regulating stations, must be able to meet 
the loads which may be imposed upon it, and to protect installed 
equipment.
    (b) There must be enough working space so that all of the equipment 
required in the vault or pit can be properly installed, operated, and 
maintained.
    (c) Each pipe entering, or within, a regulator vault or pit must be 
steel for sizes 10 inch, and less, except that control and gage piping 
may be copper. Where pipe extends through the vault or pit structure, 
provision must be made to prevent the passage of gases or liquids 
through the opening and to avert strains in the pipe.



Sec. 192.185   Vaults: Accessibility.

    Each vault must be located in an accessible location and, so far as 
practical, away from:
    (a) Street intersections or points where traffic is heavy or dense;
    (b) Points of minimum elevation, catch basins, or places where the 
access cover will be in the course of surface waters; and
    (c) Water, electric, steam, or other facilities.



Sec. 192.187   Vaults: Sealing, venting, and ventilation.

    Each underground vault or closed top pit containing either a 
pressure regulating or reducing station, or a pressure limiting or 
relieving station, must be sealed, vented or ventilated as follows:
    (a) When the internal volume exceeds 200 cubic feet:
    (1) The vault or pit must be ventilated with two ducts, each having 
at least the ventilating effect of a pipe 4 inches in diameter;
    (2) The ventilation must be enough to minimize the formation of 
combustible atmosphere in the vault or pit; and
    (3) The ducts must be high enough above grade to disperse any gas-
air mixtures that might be discharged.
    (b) When the internal volume is more than 75 cubic feet but less 
than 200 cubic feet:
    (1) If the vault or pit is sealed, each opening must have a tight 
fitting cover without open holes through which an explosive mixture 
might be ignited, and there must be a means for testing the internal 
atmosphere before removing the cover;
    (2) If the vault or pit is vented, there must be a means of 
preventing external sources of ignition from reaching the vault 
atmosphere; or
    (3) If the vault or pit is ventilated, paragraph (a) or (c) of this 
section applies.
    (c) If a vault or pit covered by paragraph (b) of this section is 
ventilated by openings in the covers or gratings and the ratio of the 
internal volume, in cubic feet, to the effective ventilating area of the 
cover or grating, in square feet, is less than 20 to 1, no additional 
ventilation is required.

[[Page 45]]



Sec. 192.189   Vaults: Drainage and waterproofing.

    (a) Each vault must be designed so as to minimize the entrance of 
water.
    (b) A vault containing gas piping may not be connected by means of a 
drain connection to any other underground structure.
    (c) Electrical equipment in vaults must conform to the applicable 
requirements of Class 1, Group D, of the National Electrical Code, ANSI/
NFPA 70.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-76, 61 FR 26122, 
May 24, 1996]



Sec. 192.191   Design pressure of plastic fittings.

    (a) Thermosetting fittings for plastic pipe must conform to ASTM D 
2517.
    (b) Thermoplastic fittings for plastic pipe must conform to ASTM D 
2513.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, 
Jan. 21, 1988]



Sec. 192.193   Valve installation in plastic pipe.

    Each valve installed in plastic pipe must be designed so as to 
protect the plastic material against excessive torsional or shearing 
loads when the valve or shutoff is operated, and from any other 
secondary stresses that might be exerted through the valve or its 
enclosure.



Sec. 192.195   Protection against accidental overpressuring.

    (a) General requirements. Except as provided in Sec. 192.197, each 
pipeline that is connected to a gas source so that the maximum allowable 
operating pressure could be exceeded as the result of pressure control 
failure or of some other type of failure, must have pressure relieving 
or pressure limiting devices that meet the requirements of Secs. 192.199 
and 192.201.
    (b) Additional requirements for distribution systems. Each 
distribution system that is supplied from a source of gas that is at a 
higher pressure than the maximum allowable operating pressure for the 
system must--
    (1) Have pressure regulation devices capable of meeting the 
pressure, load, and other service conditions that will be experienced in 
normal operation of the system, and that could be activated in the event 
of failure of some portion of the system; and
    (2) Be designed so as to prevent accidental overpressuring.



Sec. 192.197   Control of the pressure of gas delivered from high-pressure distribution systems.

    (a) If the maximum actual operating pressure of the distribution 
system is under 60 p.s.i.g. and a service regulator having the following 
characteristics is used, no other pressure limiting device is required:
    (1) A regulator capable of reducing distribution line pressure to 
pressures recommended for household appliances.
    (2) A single port valve with proper orifice for the maximum gas 
pressure at the regulator inlet.
    (3) A valve seat made of resilient material designed to withstand 
abrasion of the gas, impurities in gas, cutting by the valve, and to 
resist permanent deformation when it is pressed against the valve port.
    (4) Pipe connections to the regulator not exceeding 2 inches in 
diameter.
    (5) A regulator that, under normal operating conditions, is able to 
regulate the downstream pressure within the necessary limits of accuracy 
and to limit the build-up of pressure under no-flow conditions to 
prevent a pressure that would cause the unsafe operation of any 
connected and properly adjusted gas utilization equipment.
    (6) A self-contained service regulator with no external static or 
control lines.
    (b) If the maximum actual operating pressure of the distribution 
system is 60 p.s.i.g., or less, and a service regulator that does not 
have all of the characteristics listed in paragraph (a) of this section 
is used, or if the gas contains materials that seriously interfere with 
the operation of service regulators, there must be suitable protective 
devices to prevent unsafe overpressuring of the customer's appliances if 
the service regulator fails.
    (c) If the maximum actual operating pressure of the distribution 
system exceeds 60 p.s.i.g., one of the following methods must be used to 
regulate and limit, to the maximum safe value, the pressure of gas 
delivered to the customer:

[[Page 46]]

    (1) A service regulator having the characteristics listed in 
paragraph (a) of this section, and another regulator located upstream 
from the service regulator. The upstream regulator may not be set to 
maintain a pressure higher than 60 p.s.i.g. A device must be installed 
between the upstream regulator and the service regulator to limit the 
pressure on the inlet of the service regulator to 60 p.s.i.g. or less in 
case the upstream regulator fails to function properly. This device may 
be either a relief valve or an automatic shutoff that shuts, if the 
pressure on the inlet of the service regulator exceeds the set pressure 
(60 p.s.i.g. or less), and remains closed until manually reset.
    (2) A service regulator and a monitoring regulator set to limit, to 
a maximum safe value, the pressure of the gas delivered to the customer.
    (3) A service regulator with a relief valve vented to the outside 
atmosphere, with the relief valve set to open so that the pressure of 
gas going to the customer does not exceed a maximum safe value. The 
relief valve may either be built into the service regulator or it may be 
a separate unit installed downstream from the service regulator. This 
combination may be used alone only in those cases where the inlet 
pressure on the service regulator does not exceed the manufacturer's 
safe working pressure rating of the service regulator, and may not be 
used where the inlet pressure on the service regulator exceeds 125 
p.s.i.g. For higher inlet pressures, the methods in paragraph (c) (1) or 
(2) of this section must be used.
    (4) A service regulator and an automatic shutoff device that closes 
upon a rise in pressure downstream from the regulator and remains closed 
until manually reset.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-1, 35 FR 17660, 
Nov. 7, 1970]



Sec. 192.199   Requirements for design of pressure relief and limiting devices.

    Except for rupture discs, each pressure relief or pressure limiting 
device must:
    (a) Be constructed of materials such that the operation of the 
device will not be impaired by corrosion;
    (b) Have valves and valve seats that are designed not to stick in a 
position that will make the device inoperative;
    (c) Be designed and installed so that it can be readily operated to 
determine if the valve is free, can be tested to determine the pressure 
at which it will operate, and can be tested for leakage when in the 
closed position;
    (d) Have support made of noncombustible material;
    (e) Have discharge stacks, vents, or outlet ports designed to 
prevent accumulation of water, ice, or snow, located where gas can be 
discharged into the atmosphere without undue hazard;
    (f) Be designed and installed so that the size of the openings, 
pipe, and fittings located between the system to be protected and the 
pressure relieving device, and the size of the vent line, are adequate 
to prevent hammering of the valve and to prevent impairment of relief 
capacity;
    (g) Where installed at a district regulator station to protect a 
pipeline system from overpressuring, be designed and installed to 
prevent any single incident such as an explosion in a vault or damage by 
a vehicle from affecting the operation of both the overpressure 
protective device and the district regulator; and
    (h) Except for a valve that will isolate the system under protection 
from its source of pressure, be designed to prevent unauthorized 
operation of any stop valve that will make the pressure relief valve or 
pressure limiting device inoperative.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-1, 35 FR 17660, 
Nov. 17, 1970]



Sec. 192.201   Required capacity of pressure relieving and limiting stations.

    (a) Each pressure relief station or pressure limiting station or 
group of those stations installed to protect a pipeline must have enough 
capacity, and must be set to operate, to insure the following:
    (1) In a low pressure distribution system, the pressure may not 
cause the unsafe operation of any connected and properly adjusted gas 
utilization equipment.
    (2) In pipelines other than a low pressure distribution system:

[[Page 47]]

    (i) If the maximum allowable operating pressure is 60 p.s.i.g. or 
more, the pressure may not exceed the maximum allowable operating 
pressure plus 10 percent, or the pressure that produces a hoop stress of 
75 percent of SMYS, whichever is lower;
    (ii) If the maximum allowable operating pressure is 12 p.s.i.g. or 
more, but less than 60 p.s.i.g., the pressure may not exceed the maximum 
allowable operating pressure plus 6 p.s.i.g.; or
    (iii) If the maximum allowable operating pressure is less than 12 
p.s.i.g., the pressure may not exceed the maximum allowable operating 
pressure plus 50 percent.
    (b) When more than one pressure regulating or compressor station 
feeds into a pipeline, relief valves or other protective devices must be 
installed at each station to ensure that the complete failure of the 
largest capacity regulator or compressor, or any single run of lesser 
capacity regulators or compressors in that station, will not impose 
pressures on any part of the pipeline or distribution system in excess 
of those for which it was designed, or against which it was protected, 
whichever is lower.
    (c) Relief valves or other pressure limiting devices must be 
installed at or near each regulator station in a low-pressure 
distribution system, with a capacity to limit the maximum pressure in 
the main to a pressure that will not exceed the safe operating pressure 
for any connected and properly adjusted gas utilization equipment.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-9, 37 FR 20827, 
Oct. 4, 1972]



Sec. 192.203   Instrument, control, and sampling pipe and components.

    (a) Applicability. This section applies to the design of instrument, 
control, and sampling pipe and components. It does not apply to 
permanently closed systems, such as fluid-filled temperature-responsive 
devices.
    (b) Materials and design. All materials employed for pipe and 
components must be designed to meet the particular conditions of service 
and the following:
    (1) Each takeoff connection and attaching boss, fitting, or adapter 
must be made of suitable material, be able to withstand the maximum 
service pressure and temperature of the pipe or equipment to which it is 
attached, and be designed to satisfactorily withstand all stresses 
without failure by fatigue.
    (2) Except for takeoff lines that can be isolated from sources of 
pressure by other valving, a shutoff valve must be installed in each 
takeoff line as near as practicable to the point of takeoff. Blowdown 
valves must be installed where necessary.
    (3) Brass or copper material may not be used for metal temperatures 
greater than 400 deg. F.
    (4) Pipe or components that may contain liquids must be protected by 
heating or other means from damage due to freezing.
    (5) Pipe or components in which liquids may accumulate must have 
drains or drips.
    (6) Pipe or components subject to clogging from solids or deposits 
must have suitable connections for cleaning.
    (7) The arrangement of pipe, components, and supports must provide 
safety under anticipated operating stresses.
    (8) Each joint between sections of pipe, and between pipe and valves 
or fittings, must be made in a manner suitable for the anticipated 
pressure and temperature condition. Slip type expansion joints may not 
be used. Expansion must be allowed for by providing flexibility within 
the system itself.
    (9) Each control line must be protected from anticipated causes of 
damage and must be designed and installed to prevent damage to any one 
control line from making both the regulator and the over-pressure 
protective device inoperative.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28784, 
June 6, 1996]



                Subpart E--Welding of Steel in Pipelines



Sec. 192.221   Scope.

    (a) This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for welding steel 
materials in pipelines.
    (b) This subpart does not apply to welding that occurs during the 
manufacture of steel pipe or steel pipeline components.

[[Page 48]]



Sec. 192.225  Welding--General.

    (a) Welding must be performed by a qualified welder in accordance 
with welding procedures qualified to produce welds meeting the 
requirements of this subpart. The quality of the test welds used to 
qualify the procedure shall be determined by destructive testing.
    (b) Each welding procedure must be recorded in detail, including the 
results of the qualifying tests. This record must be retained and 
followed whenever the procedure is used.

[Amdt. 192-52, 51 FR 20297, June 4, 1986]



Sec. 192.227   Qualification of welders.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each welder 
must be qualified in accordance with section 3 of API Standard 1104 or 
section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. However, a 
welder qualified under an earlier edition than listed in appendix A may 
weld but may not requalify under that earlier edition.
    (b) A welder may qualify to perform welding on pipe to be operated 
at a pressure that produces a hoop stress of less than 20 percent of 
SMYS by performing an acceptable test weld, for the process to be used, 
under the test set forth in section I of Appendix C of this part. Each 
welder who is to make a welded service line connection to a main must 
first perform an acceptable test weld under section II of Appendix C of 
this part as a requirement of the qualifying test.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, 
Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-52, 51 FR 20297, June 4, 1986; Amdt. 192-78, 61 
FR 28784, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.229   Limitations on welders.

    (a) No welder whose qualification is based on nondestructive testing 
may weld compressor station pipe and components.
    (b) No welder may weld with a particular welding process unless, 
within the preceding 6 calendar months, he has engaged in welding with 
that process.
    (c) A welder qualified under Sec. 192.227(a)--
    (1) May not weld on pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces 
a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of SMYS unless within the preceding 
6 calendar months the welder has had one weld tested and found 
acceptable under section 3 or 6 of API Standard 1104, except that a 
welder qualified under an earlier edition previously listed in Appendix 
A of this part may weld but may not requalify under that earlier 
edition; and
    (2) May not weld on pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces 
a hoop stress of less than 20 percent of SMYS unless the welder is 
tested in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section or 
requalifies under paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section.
    (d) A welder qualified under Sec. 192.227(b) may not weld unless--
    (1) Within the preceding 15 calendar months, but at least once each 
calendar year, the welder has requalified under Sec. 192.227(b); or
    (2) Within the preceding 7\1/2\ calendar months, but at least twice 
each calendar year, the welder has had--
    (i) A production weld cut out, tested, and found acceptable in 
accordance with the qualifying test; or
    (ii) For welders who work only on service lines 2 inches or smaller 
in diameter, two sample welds tested and found acceptable in accordance 
with the test in section III of Appendix C of this part.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-37, 46 FR 10159, 
Feb. 2, 1981; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.231   Protection from weather.

    The welding operation must be protected from weather conditions that 
would impair the quality of the completed weld.



Sec. 192.233   Miter joints.

    (a) A miter joint on steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that 
produces a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS may not deflect the 
pipe more than 3 deg..
    (b) A miter joint on steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that 
produces a hoop stress of less than 30 percent, but more than 10 
percent, of SMYS may not deflect the pipe more than 12\1/2\ deg. and 
must be a distance equal to one pipe diameter or more away from any 
other miter joint, as measured from the crotch of each joint.

[[Page 49]]

    (c) A miter joint on steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that 
produces a hoop stress of 10 percent or less of SMYS may not deflect the 
pipe more than 90 deg..



Sec. 192.235   Preparation for welding.

    Before beginning any welding, the welding surfaces must be clean and 
free of any material that may be detrimental to the weld, and the pipe 
or component must be aligned to provide the most favorable condition for 
depositing the root bead. This alignment must be preserved while the 
root bead is being deposited.



Sec. 192.241   Inspection and test of welds.

    (a) Visual inspection of welding must be conducted to insure that:
    (1) The welding is performed in accordance with the welding 
procedure; and
    (2) The weld is acceptable under paragraph (c) of this section.
    (b) The welds on a pipeline to be operated at a pressure that 
produces a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of SMYS must be 
nondestructively tested in accordance with Sec. 192.243, except that 
welds that are visually inspected and approved by a qualified welding 
inspector need not be nondestructively tested if:
    (1) The pipe has a nominal diameter of less than 6 inches; or
    (2) The pipeline is to be operated at a pressure that produces a 
hoop stress of less than 40 percent of SMYS and the welds are so limited 
in number that nondestructive testing is impractical.
    (c) The acceptability of a weld that is nondestructively tested or 
visually inspected is determined according to the standards in section 6 
of API Standard 1104. However, if a girth weld is unacceptable under 
those standards for a reason other than a crack, and if the Appendix to 
API Standard 1104 applies to the weld, the acceptability of the weld may 
be further determined under that Appendix.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-37, 46 FR 10160, 
Feb. 2, 1981; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.243   Nondestructive testing.

    (a) Nondestructive testing of welds must be performed by any 
process, other than trepanning, that will clearly indicate defects that 
may affect the integrity of the weld.
    (b) Nondestructive testing of welds must be performed:
    (1) In accordance with written procedures; and
    (2) By persons who have been trained and qualified in the 
established procedures and with the equipment employed in testing.
    (c) Procedures must be established for the proper interpretation of 
each nondestructive test of a weld to ensure the acceptability of the 
weld under Sec. 192.241(c).
    (d) When nondestructive testing is required under Sec. 192.241(b), 
the following percentages of each day's field butt welds, selected at 
random by the operator, must be nondestructively tested over their 
entire circumference:
    (1) In Class 1 locations, except offshore, at least 10 percent.
    (2) In Class 2 locations, at least 15 percent.
    (3) In Class 3 and Class 4 locations, at crossings of major or 
navigable rivers, offshore, and within railroad or public highway 
rights-of-way, including tunnels, bridges, and overhead road crossings, 
100 percent unless impracticable, in which case at least 90 percent. 
Nondestructive testing must be impracticable for each girth weld not 
tested.
    (4) At pipeline tie-ins, including tie-ins of replacement sections, 
100 percent.
    (e) Except for a welder whose work is isolated from the principal 
welding activity, a sample of each welder's work for each day must be 
nondestructively tested, when nondestructive testing is required under 
Sec. 192.241(b).
    (f) When nondestructive testing is required under Sec. 192.241(b), 
each operator must retain, for the life of the pipeline, a record 
showing by milepost, engineering station, or by geographic feature, the 
number of girth welds made, the number nondestructively tested, the 
number rejected, and the disposition of the rejects.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34606, 
Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-50, 50 FR 37192, Sept. 12, 1985; Amdt. 192-78, 
61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996]

[[Page 50]]



Sec. 192.245  Repair or removal of defects.

    (a) Each weld that is unacceptable under Sec. 192.241(c) must be 
removed or repaired. Except for welds on an offshore pipeline being 
installed from a pipeline vessel, a weld must be removed if it has a 
crack that is more than 8 percent of the weld length.
    (b) Each weld that is repaired must have the defect removed down to 
sound metal and the segment to be repaired must be preheated if 
conditions exist which would adversely affect the quality of the weld 
repair. After repair, the segment of the weld that was repaired must be 
inspected to ensure its acceptability.
    (c) Repair of a crack, or of any defect in a previously repaired 
area must be in accordance with written weld repair procedures that have 
been qualified under Sec. 192.225. Repair procedures must provide that 
the minimum mechanical properties specified for the welding procedure 
used to make the original weld are met upon completion of the final weld 
repair.

[Amdt. 192-46, 48 FR 48674, Oct. 20, 1983]



          Subpart F--Joining of Materials Other Than by Welding



Sec. 192.271   Scope.

    (a) This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for joining 
materials in pipelines, other than by welding.
    (b) This subpart does not apply to joining during the manufacture of 
pipe or pipeline components.



Sec. 192.273   General.

    (a) The pipeline must be designed and installed so that each joint 
will sustain the longitudinal pullout or thrust forces caused by 
contraction or expansion of the piping or by anticipated external or 
internal loading.
    (b) Each joint must be made in accordance with written procedures 
that have been proven by test or experience to produce strong gastight 
joints.
    (c) Each joint must be inspected to insure compliance with this 
subpart.



Sec. 192.275   Cast iron pipe.

    (a) Each caulked bell and spigot joint in cast iron pipe must be 
sealed with mechanical leak clamps.
    (b) Each mechanical joint in cast iron pipe must have a gasket made 
of a resilient material as the sealing medium. Each gasket must be 
suitably confined and retained under compression by a separate gland or 
follower ring.
    (c) Cast iron pipe may not be joined by threaded joints.
    (d) Cast iron pipe may not be joined by brazing.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5628, 
Feb. 6, 1989]



Sec. 192.277   Ductile iron pipe.

    (a) Ductile iron pipe may not be joined by threaded joints.
    (b) Ductile iron pipe may not be joined by brazing.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5628, 
Feb. 6, 1989]



Sec. 192.279  Copper pipe.

    Copper pipe may not be threaded except that copper pipe used for 
joining screw fittings or valves may be threaded if the wall thickness 
is equivalent to the comparable size of Schedule 40 or heavier wall pipe 
listed in Table C1 of ASME/ANSI B16.5.

[Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989, as amended at 58 FR 14521, Mar. 
18, 1993]



Sec. 192.281   Plastic pipe.

    (a) General. A plastic pipe joint that is joined by solvent cement, 
adhesive, or heat fusion may not be disturbed until it has properly set. 
Plastic pipe may not be joined by a threaded joint or miter joint.
    (b) Solvent cement joints. Each solvent cement joint on plastic pipe 
must comply with the following:
    (1) The mating surfaces of the joint must be clean, dry, and free of 
material which might be deterimental to the joint.
    (2) The solvent cement must conform to ASTM Designation D 2513.
    (3) The joint may not be heated to accelerate the setting of the 
cement.
    (c) Heat-fusion joints. Each heat-fusion joint on plastic pipe must 
comply with the following:
    (1) A butt heat-fusion joint must be joined by a device that holds 
the heater

[[Page 51]]

element square to the ends of the piping, compresses the heated ends 
together, and holds the pipe in proper alignment while the plastic 
hardens.
    (2) A socket heat-fusion joint must be joined by a device that heats 
the mating surfaces of the joint uniformly and simultaneously to 
essentially the same temperature.
    (3) An electrofusion joint must be joined utilizing the equipment 
and techniques of the fittings manufacturer or equipment and techniques 
shown, by testing joints to the requirements of Sec. 192.283(a)(1)(iii), 
to be at least equivalent to those of the fittings manufacturer.
    (4) Heat may not be applied with a torch or other open flame.
    (d) Adhesive joints. Each adhesive joint on plastic pipe must comply 
with the following:
    (1) The adhesive must conform to ASTM Designation D 2517.
    (2) The materials and adhesive must be compatible with each other.
    (e) Mechanical joints. Each compression type mechanical joint on 
plastic pipe must comply with the following:
    (1) The gasket material in the coupling must be compatible with the 
plastic.
    (2) A rigid internal tubular stiffener, other than a split tubular 
stiffener, must be used in conjunction with the coupling.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-34, 44 FR 42973, 
July 23, 1979; Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. 192-61, 53 
FR 36793, Sept. 22, 1988; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192-78, 61 
FR 28784, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.283  Plastic pipe: qualifying joining procedures.

    (a) Heat fusion, solvent cement, and adhesive joints. Before any 
written procedure established under Sec. 192.273(b) is used for making 
plastic pipe joints by a heat fusion, solvent cement, or adhesive 
method, the procedure must be qualified by subjecting specimen joints 
made according to the procedure to the following tests:
    (1) The burst test requirements of--
    (i) In the case of thermoplastic pipe, paragraph 6.6 (Sustained 
Pressure Test) or paragraph 6.7 (Minimum Hydrostatic Burst Pressure 
(Quick Burst)) of ASTM D 2513;
    (ii) In the case of thermosetting plastic pipe, paragraph 8.5 
(Minimum Hydrostatic Burst Pressure) or paragraph 8.9 (Sustained Static 
Pressure Test) of ASTM D2517; or
    (iii) In the case of electrofusion fittings for polyethylene pipe 
and tubing, paragraph 9.1 (Minimum Hydraulic Burst Pressure Test), 
paragraph 9.2 (Sustained Pressure Test), paragraph 9.3 (Tensile Strength 
Test), or paragraph 9.4 (Joint Integrity Tests) of ASTM Designation 
F1055.
    (2) For procedures intended for lateral pipe connections, subject a 
specimen joint made from pipe sections joined at right angles according 
to the procedure to a force on the lateral pipe until failure occurs in 
the specimen. If failure initiates outside the joint area, the procedure 
qualifies for use; and
    (3) For procedures intended for nonlateral pipe connections, follow 
the tensile test requirements of ASTM D638, except that the test may be 
conducted at ambient temperature and humidity. If the specimen elongates 
no less than 25 percent or failure initiates outside the joint area, the 
procedure qualifies for use.
    (b) Mechanical joints. Before any written procedure established 
under Sec. 192.273(b) is used for making mechanical plastic pipe joints 
that are designed to withstand tensile forces, the procedure must be 
qualified by subjecting 5 specimen joints made according to the 
procedure to the following tensile test:
    (1) Use an apparatus for the test as specified in ASTM D 638 (except 
for conditioning).
    (2) The specimen must be of such length that the distance between 
the grips of the apparatus and the end of the stiffener does not affect 
the joint strength.
    (3) The speed of testing is 5.0 mm (0.20 in) per minute, plus or 
minus 25 percent.
    (4) Pipe specimens less than 102 mm (4 in) in diameter are qualified 
if the pipe yields to an elongation of no less than 25 percent or 
failure initiates outside the joint area.
    (5) Pipe specimens 102 mm (4 in) and larger in diameter shall be 
pulled until the pipe is subjected to a tensile stress

[[Page 52]]

equal to or greater than the maximum thermal stress that would be 
produced by a temperature change of 38 deg. C (100 deg. F) or until the 
pipe is pulled from the fitting. If the pipe pulls from the fitting, the 
lowest value of the five test results or the manufacturer's rating, 
whichever is lower must be used in the design calculations for stress.
    (6) Each specimen that fails at the grips must be retested using new 
pipe.
    (7) Results obtained pertain only to the specific outside diameter, 
and material of the pipe tested, except that testing of a heavier wall 
pipe may be used to qualify pipe of the same material but with a lesser 
wall thickness.
    (c) A copy of each written procedure being used for joining plastic 
pipe must be available to the persons making and inspecting joints.
    (d) Pipe or fittings manufactured before July 1, 1980, may be used 
in accordance with procedures that the manufacturer certifies will 
produce a joint as strong as the pipe.

[Amdt. 192-34A, 45 FR 9935, Feb. 14, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 192-34B, 
46 FR 39, Jan. 2, 1981; 47 FR 32720, July 29, 1982; 47 FR 49973, Nov. 4, 
1982; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 
1996]



Sec. 192.285  Plastic pipe: qualifying persons to make joints.

    (a) No person may make a plastic pipe joint unless that person has 
been qualified under the applicable joining procedure by:
    (1) Appropriate training or experience in the use of the procedure; 
and
    (2) Making a specimen joint from pipe sections joined according to 
the procedure that passes the inspection and test set forth in paragraph 
(b) of this section.
    (b) The specimen joint must be:
    (1) Visually examined during and after assembly or joining and found 
to have the same appearance as a joint or photographs of a joint that is 
acceptable under the procedure; and
    (2) In the case of a heat fusion, solvent cement, or adhesive joint:
    (i) Tested under any one of the test methods listed under 
Sec. 192.283(a) applicable to the type of joint and material being 
tested;
    (ii) Examined by ultrasonic inspection and found not to contain 
flaws that would cause failure; or
    (iii) Cut into at least 3 longitudinal straps, each of which is:
    (A) Visually examined and found not to contain voids or 
discontinuities on the cut surfaces of the joint area; and
    (B) Deformed by bending, torque, or impact, and if failure occurs, 
it must not initiate in the joint area.
    (c) A person must be requalified under an applicable procedure, if 
during any 12-month period that person:
    (1) Does not make any joints under that procedure; or
    (2) Has 3 joints or 3 percent of the joints made, whichever is 
greater, under that procedure that are found unacceptable by testing 
under Sec. 192.513.
    (d) Each operator shall establish a method to determine that each 
person making joints in plastic pipelines in his system is qualified in 
accordance with this section.

[Amdt. 192-34A, 45 FR 9935, Feb. 14, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 192-34B, 
46 FR 39, Jan. 2, 1981]



Sec. 192.287  Plastic pipe: inspection of joints.

    No person may carry out the inspection of joints in plastic pipes 
required by Secs. 192.273(c) and 192.285(b) unless that person has been 
qualified by appropriate training or experience in evaluating the 
acceptability of plastic pipe joints made under the applicable joining 
procedure.

[Amdt. 192-34, 44 FR 42974, July 23, 1979]



Subpart G--General Construction Requirements for Transmission Lines and 
                                  Mains



Sec. 192.301   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for constructing 
transmission lines and mains.



Sec. 192.303   Compliance with specifications or standards.

    Each transmission line or main must be constructed in accordance 
with comprehensive written specifications or standards that are 
consistent with this part.

[[Page 53]]



Sec. 192.305   Inspection: General.

    Each transmission line or main must be inspected to ensure that it 
is constructed in accordance with this part.



Sec. 192.307   Inspection of materials.

    Each length of pipe and each other component must be visually 
inspected at the site of installation to ensure that it has not 
sustained any visually determinable damage that could impair its 
serviceability.



Sec. 192.309   Repair of steel pipe.

    (a) Each imperfection or damage that impairs the serviceability of a 
length of steel pipe must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by 
grinding, the remaining wall thickness must at least be equal to either:
    (1) The minimum thickness required by the tolerances in the 
specification to which the pipe was manufactured; or
    (2) The nominal wall thickness required for the design pressure of 
the pipeline.
    (b) Each of the following dents must be removed from steel pipe to 
be operated at a pressure that produces a hoop stress of 20 percent, or 
more, of SMYS:
    (1) A dent that contains a stress concentrator such as a scratch, 
gouge, groove, or arc burn.
    (2) A dent that affects the longitudinal weld or a circumferential 
weld.
    (3) In pipe to be operated at a pressure that produces a hoop stress 
of 40 percent or more of SMYS, a dent that has a depth of:
    (i) More than one-quarter inch in pipe 12\3/4\ inches or less in 
outer diameter; or
    (ii) More than 2 percent of the nominal pipe diameter in pipe over 
12\3/4\ inches in outer diameter.

For the purpose of this section a ``dent'' is a depression that produces 
a gross disturbance in the curvature of the pipe wall without reducing 
the pipe-wall thickness. The depth of a dent is measured as the gap 
between the lowest point of the dent and a prolongation of the original 
contour of the pipe.
    (c) Each arc burn on steel pipe to be operated at a pressure that 
produces a hoop stress of 40 percent, or more, of SMYS must be repaired 
or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the arc burn must be 
completely removed and the remaining wall thickness must be at least 
equal to either:
    (1) The minimum wall thickness required by the tolerances in the 
specification to which the pipe was manufactured; or
    (2) The nominal wall thickness required for the design pressure of 
the pipeline.
    (d) A gouge, groove, arc burn, or dent may not be repaired by insert 
patching or by pounding out.
    (e) Each gouge, groove, arc burn, or dent that is removed from a 
length of pipe must be removed by cutting out the damaged portion as a 
cylinder.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-1, 35 FR 17660, 
Nov. 17, 1970]



Sec. 192.311   Repair of plastic pipe.

    Each imperfection or damage that would impair the serviceability of 
plastic pipe must be repaired by a patching saddle or removed.



Sec. 192.313   Bends and elbows.

    (a) Each field bend in steel pipe, other than a wrinkle bend made in 
accordance with Sec. 192.315, must comply with the following:
    (1) A bend must not impair the serviceability of the pipe.
    (2) Each bend must have a smooth contour and be free from buckling, 
cracks, or any other mechanical damage.
    (3) On pipe containing a longitudinal weld, the longitudinal weld 
must be as near as practicable to the neutral axis of the bend unless:
    (i) The bend is made with an internal bending mandrel; or
    (ii) The pipe is 12 inches or less in outside diameter or has a 
diameter to wall thickness ratio less than 70.
    (b) Each circumferential weld of steel pipe which is located where 
the stress during bending causes a permanent deformation in the pipe 
must be nondestructively tested either before or after the bending 
process.
    (c) Wrought-steel welding elbows and transverse segments of these 
elbows may not be used for changes in direction on steel pipe that is 2 
inches or more in diameter unless the arc length,

[[Page 54]]

as measured along the crotch, is at least 1 inch.

[Amdt. No. 192-26, 41 FR 26018, June 24, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 192-
29, 42 FR 42866, Aug. 25, 1977; Amdt. 192-29, 42 FR 60148, Nov. 25, 
1977; Amdt. 192-49, 50 FR 13225, Apr. 3, 1985]



Sec. 192.315   Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.

    (a) A wrinkle bend may not be made on steel pipe to be operated at a 
pressure that produces a hoop stress of 30 percent, or more, of SMYS.
    (b) Each wrinkle bend on steel pipe must comply with the following:
    (1) The bend must not have any sharp kinks.
    (2) When measured along the crotch of the bend, the wrinkles must be 
a distance of at least one pipe diameter.
    (3) On pipe 16 inches or larger in diameter, the bend may not have a 
deflection of more than 1\1/2\ deg. for each wrinkle.
    (4) On pipe containing a longitudinal weld the longitudinal seam 
must be as near as practicable to the neutral axis of the bend.



Sec. 192.317   Protection from hazards.

    (a) The operator must take all practicable steps to protect each 
transmission line or main from washouts, floods, unstable soil, 
landslides, or other hazards that may cause the pipeline to move or to 
sustain abnormal loads. In addition, the operator must take all 
practicable steps to protect offshore pipelines from damage by mud 
slides, water currents, hurricanes, ship anchors, and fishing 
operations.
    (b) Each aboveground transmission line or main, not located offshore 
or in inland navigable water areas, must be protected from accidental 
damage by vehicular traffic or other similar causes, either by being 
placed at a safe distance from the traffic or by installing barricades.
    (c) Pipelines, including pipe risers, on each platform located 
offshore or in inland navigable waters must be protected from accidental 
damage by vessels.

[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34606, Aug. 16, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 192-78, 
61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.319   Installation of pipe in a ditch.

    (a) When installed in a ditch, each transmission line that is to be 
operated at a pressure producing a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of 
SMYS must be installed so that the pipe fits the ditch so as to minimize 
stresses and protect the pipe coating from damage.
    (b) When a ditch for a transmission line or main is backfilled, it 
must be backfilled in a manner that:
    (1) Provides firm support under the pipe; and
    (2) Prevents damage to the pipe and pipe coating from equipment or 
from the backfill material.
    (c) All offshore pipe in water at least 12 feet deep but not more 
than 200 feet deep, as measured from the mean low tide, except pipe in 
the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets under 15 feet of water, must be 
installed so that the top of the pipe is below the natural bottom unless 
the pipe is supported by stanchions, held in place by anchors or heavy 
concrete coating, or protected by an equivalent means. Pipe in the Gulf 
of Mexico and its inlets under 15 feet of water must be installed so 
that the top of the pipe is 36 inches below the seabed for normal 
excavation or 18 inches for rock excavation.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34606, 
Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.321   Installation of plastic pipe.

    (a) Plastic pipe must be installed below ground level unless 
otherwise permitted by paragraph (g) of this section.
    (b) Plastic pipe that is installed in a vault or any other below 
grade enclosure must be completely encased in gas-tight metal pipe and 
fittings that are adequately protected from corrosion.
    (c) Plastic pipe must be installed so as to minimize shear or 
tensile stresses.
    (d) Thermoplastic pipe that is not encased must have a minimum wall 
thickness of 0.090 inch, except that pipe with an outside diameter of 
0.875 inch or less may have a minimum wall thickness of 0.062 inch.
    (e) Plastic pipe that is not encased must have an electrically 
conductive

[[Page 55]]

wire or other means of locating the pipe while it is underground.
    (f) Plastic pipe that is being encased must be inserted into the 
casing pipe in a manner that will protect the plastic. The leading end 
of the plastic must be closed before insertion.
    (g) Uncased plastic pipe may be temporarily installed above ground 
level under the following conditions:
    (1) The operator must be able to demonstrate that the cumulative 
aboveground exposure of the pipe does not exceed the manufacturer's 
recommended maximum period of exposure or 2 years, whichever is less.
    (2) The pipe either is located where damage by external forces is 
unlikely or is otherwise protected against such damage.
    (3) The pipe adequately resists exposure to ultraviolet light and 
high and low temperatures.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28784, 
June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.323   Casing.

    Each casing used on a transmission line or main under a railroad or 
highway must comply with the following:
    (a) The casing must be designed to withstand the superimposed loads.
    (b) If there is a possibility of water entering the casing, the ends 
must be sealed.
    (c) If the ends of an unvented casing are sealed and the sealing is 
strong enough to retain the maximum allowable operating pressure of the 
pipe, the casing must be designed to hold this pressure at a stress 
level of not more than 72 percent of SMYS.
    (d) If vents are installed on a casing, the vents must be protected 
from the weather to prevent water from entering the casing.



Sec. 192.325   Underground clearance.

    (a) Each transmission line must be installed with at least 12 inches 
of clearance from any other underground structure not associated with 
the transmission line. If this clearance cannot be attained, the 
transmission line must be protected from damage that might result from 
the proximity of the other structure.
    (b) Each main must be installed with enough clearance from any other 
underground structure to allow proper maintenance and to protect against 
damage that might result from proximity to other structures.
    (c) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) or (b) 
of this section, each plastic transmission line or main must be 
installed with sufficient clearance, or must be insulated, from any 
source of heat so as to prevent the heat from impairing the 
serviceability of the pipe.
    (d) Each pipe-type or bottle-type holder must be installed with a 
minimum clearance from any other holder as prescribed in 
Sec. 192.175(b).



Sec. 192.327   Cover.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (c), (e), (f), and (g) of this 
section, each buried transmission line must be installed with a minimum 
cover as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  Normal    Consolidated
                   Location                        soil         rock    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Inches         
                                                                        
                                               -------------------------
Class 1 locations.............................          30           18 
Class 2, 3, and 4 locations...................          36           24 
Drainage ditches of public roads and railroad                           
 crossings....................................          36           24 
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, 
each buried main must be installed with at least 24 inches of cover.
    (c) Where an underground structure prevents the installation of a 
transmission line or main with the minimum cover, the transmission line 
or main may be installed with less cover if it is provided with 
additional protection to withstand anticipated external loads.
    (d) A main may be installed with less than 24 inches of cover if the 
law of the State or municipality:
    (1) Establishes a minimum cover of less than 24 inches;
    (2) Requires that mains be installed in a common trench with other 
utility lines; and
    (3) Provides adequately for prevention of damage to the pipe by 
external forces.
    (e) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, all pipe 
installed in a navigable river, stream, or harbor must be installed with 
a minimum

[[Page 56]]

cover of 48 inches in soil or 24 inches in consolidated rock between the 
top of the pipe and the natural bottom.
    (f) All pipe installed offshore, except in the Gulf of Mexico and 
its inlets, under water not more than 200 feet deep, as measured from 
the mean low tide, must be installed as follows:
    (1) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, pipe under 
water less than 12 feet deep, must be installed with a minimum cover of 
36 inches in soil or 18 inches in consolidated rock between the top of 
the pipe and the natural bottom.
    (2) Pipe under water at least 12 feet deep must be installed so that 
the top of the pipe is below the natural bottom, unless the pipe is 
supported by stanchions, held in place by anchors or heavy concrete 
coating, or protected by an equivalent means.
    (g) All pipelines installed under water in the Gulf of Mexico and 
its inlets, as defined in Sec. 192.3, must be installed in accordance 
with Sec. 192.612(b)(3).

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34606, 
Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]



    Subpart H--Customer Meters, Service Regulators, and Service Lines



Sec. 192.351   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for installing customer 
meters, service regulators, service lines, service line valves, and 
service line connections to mains.



Sec. 192.353   Customer meters and regulators: Location.

    (a) Each meter and service regulator, whether inside or outside of a 
building, must be installed in a readily accessible location and be 
protected from corrosion and other damage. However, the upstream 
regulator in a series may be buried.
    (b) Each service regulator installed within a building must be 
located as near as practical to the point of service line entrance.
    (c) Each meter installed within a building must be located in a 
ventilated place and not less than 3 feet from any source of ignition or 
any source of heat which might damage the meter.
    (d) Where feasible, the upstream regulator in a series must be 
located outside the building, unless it is located in a separate 
metering or regulating building.



Sec. 192.355   Customer meters and regulators: Protection from damage.

    (a) Protection from vacuum or back pressure. If the customer's 
equipment might create either a vacuum or a back pressure, a device must 
be installed to protect the system.
    (b) Service regulator vents and relief vents. Service regulator 
vents and relief vents must terminate outdoors, and the outdoor terminal 
must--
    (1) Be rain and insect resistant;
    (2) Be located at a place where gas from the vent can escape freely 
into the atmosphere and away from any opening into the building; and
    (3) Be protected from damage caused by submergence in areas where 
flooding may occur.
    (c) Pits and vaults. Each pit or vault that houses a customer meter 
or regulator at a place where vehicular traffic is anticipated, must be 
able to support that traffic.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, 
Jan. 21, 1988]



Sec. 192.357   Customer meters and regulators: Installation.

    (a) Each meter and each regulator must be installed so as to 
minimize anticipated stresses upon the connecting piping and the meter.
    (b) When close all-thread nipples are used, the wall thickness 
remaining after the threads are cut must meet the minimum wall thickness 
requirements of this part.
    (c) Connections made of lead or other easily damaged material may 
not be used in the installation of meters or regulators.
    (d) Each regulator that might release gas in its operation must be 
vented to the outside atmosphere.



Sec. 192.359   Customer meter installations: Operating pressure.

    (a) A meter may not be used at a pressure that is more than 67 
percent

[[Page 57]]

of the manufacturer's shell test pressure.
    (b) Each newly installed meter manufactured after November 12, 1970, 
must have been tested to a minimum of 10 p.s.i.g.
    (c) A rebuilt or repaired tinned steel case meter may not be used at 
a pressure that is more than 50 percent of the pressure used to test the 
meter after rebuilding or repairing.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-1, 35 FR 17660, 
Nov. 17, 1970]



Sec. 192.361   Service lines: Installation.

    (a) Depth. Each buried service line must be installed with at least 
12 inches of cover in private property and at least 18 inches of cover 
in streets and roads. However, where an underground structure prevents 
installation at those depths, the service line must be able to withstand 
any anticipated external load.
    (b) Support and backfill. Each service line must be properly 
supported on undisturbed or well-compacted soil, and material used for 
backfill must be free of materials that could damage the pipe or its 
coating.
    (c) Grading for drainage. Where condensate in the gas might cause 
interruption in the gas supply to the customer, the service line must be 
graded so as to drain into the main or into drips at the low points in 
the service line.
    (d) Protection against piping strain and external loading. Each 
service line must be installed so as to minimize anticipated piping 
strain and external loading.
    (e) Installation of service lines into buildings. Each underground 
service line installed below grade through the outer foundation wall of 
a building must:
    (1) In the case of a metal service line, be protected against 
corrosion;
    (2) In the case of a plastic service line, be protected from 
shearing action and backfill settlement; and
    (3) Be sealed at the foundation wall to prevent leakage into the 
building.
    (f) Installation of service lines under buildings. Where an 
underground service line is installed under a building:
    (1) It must be encased in a gas tight conduit;
    (2) The conduit and the service line must, if the service line 
supplies the building it underlies, extend into a normally usable and 
accessible part of the building; and
    (3) The space between the conduit and the service line must be 
sealed to prevent gas leakage into the building and, if the conduit is 
sealed at both ends, a vent line from the annular space must extend to a 
point where gas would not be a hazard, and extend above grade, 
terminating in a rain and insect resistant fitting.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-75, 61 FR 18517, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 192.363   Service lines: Valve requirements.

    (a) Each service line must have a service-line valve that meets the 
applicable requirements of subparts B and D of this part. A valve 
incorporated in a meter bar, that allows the meter to be bypassed, may 
not be used as a service-line valve.
    (b) A soft seat service line valve may not be used if its ability to 
control the flow of gas could be adversely affected by exposure to 
anticipated heat.
    (c) Each service-line valve on a high-pressure service line, 
installed above ground or in an area where the blowing of gas would be 
hazardous, must be designed and constructed to minimize the possibility 
of the removal of the core of the valve with other than specialized 
tools.



Sec. 192.365   Service lines: Location of valves.

    (a) Relation to regulator or meter. Each service-line valve must be 
installed upstream of the regulator or, if there is no regulator, 
upstream of the meter.
    (b) Outside valves. Each service line must have a shut-off valve in 
a readily accessible location that, if feasible, is outside of the 
building.
    (c) Underground valves. Each underground service-line valve must be 
located in a covered durable curb box or standpipe that allows ready 
operation of the valve and is supported independently of the service 
lines.

[[Page 58]]



Sec. 192.367   Service lines: General requirements for connections to main piping.

    (a) Location. Each service line connection to a main must be located 
at the top of the main or, if that is not practical, at the side of the 
main, unless a suitable protective device is installed to minimize the 
possibility of dust and moisture being carried from the main into the 
service line.
    (b) Compression-type connection to main. Each compression-type 
service line to main connection must:
    (1) Be designed and installed to effectively sustain the 
longitudinal pull-out or thrust forces caused by contraction or 
expansion of the piping, or by anticipated external or internal loading; 
and
    (2) If gaskets are used in connecting the service line to the main 
connection fitting, have gaskets that are compatible with the kind of 
gas in the system.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-75, 61 FR 18517, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 192.369   Service lines: Connections to cast iron or ductile iron mains.

    (a) Each service line connected to a cast iron or ductile iron main 
must be connected by a mechanical clamp, by drilling and tapping the 
main, or by another method meeting the requirements of Sec. 192.273.
    (b) If a threaded tap is being inserted, the requirements of 
Sec. 192.151 (b) and (c) must also be met.



Sec. 192.371   Service lines: Steel.

    Each steel service line to be operated at less than 100 p.s.i.g. 
must be constructed of pipe designed for a minimum of 100 p.s.i.g.

[Amdt. 192-1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 17, 1970]



Sec. 192.373   Service lines: Cast iron and ductile iron.

    (a) Cast or ductile iron pipe less than 6 inches in diameter may not 
be installed for service lines.
    (b) If cast iron pipe or ductile iron pipe is installed for use as a 
service line, the part of the service line which extends through the 
building wall must be of steel pipe.
    (c) A cast iron or ductile iron service line may not be installed in 
unstable soil or under a building.



Sec. 192.375   Service lines: Plastic.

    (a) Each plastic service line outside a building must be installed 
below ground level, except that--
    (1) It may be installed in accordance with Sec. 192.321(g); and
    (2) It may terminate above ground level and outside the building, 
if--
    (i) The above ground level part of the plastic service line is 
protected against deterioration and external damage; and
    (ii) The plastic service line is not used to support external loads.
    (b) Each plastic service line inside a building must be protected 
against external damage.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28785, 
June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.377   Service lines: Copper.

    Each copper service line installed within a building must be 
protected against external damage.



Sec. 192.379   New service lines not in use.

    Each service line that is not placed in service upon completion of 
installation must comply with one of the following until the customer is 
supplied with gas:
    (a) The valve that is closed to prevent the flow of gas to the 
customer must be provided with a locking device or other means designed 
to prevent the opening of the valve by persons other than those 
authorized by the operator.
    (b) A mechanical device or fitting that will prevent the flow of gas 
must be installed in the service line or in the meter assembly.
    (c) The customer's piping must be physically disconnected from the 
gas supply and the open pipe ends sealed.

[Amdt. 192-8, 37 FR 20694, Oct. 3, 1972]



Sec. 192.381  Service lines: Excess flow valve performance standards.

    (a) Excess flow valves to be used on single residence service lines 
that operate continuously throughout the year at a pressure not less 
than 10 psig must be manufactured and tested by the manufacturer 
according to an industry specification, or the manufacturer's written 
specification, to ensure that each valve will:

[[Page 59]]

    (1) Function properly up to the maximum operating pressure at which 
the valve is rated;
    (2) Function properly at all temperatures reasonably expected in the 
operating environment of the service line;
    (3) At 10 psig:
    (i) Be sized to close at, or not more than 50 percent above the 
rated closure flow rate specified by the manufacturer; and
    (ii) Upon closure, reduce gas flow--
    (A) For an excess flow valve designed to allow pressure to equalize 
across the valve, to no more than 5 percent of the manufacturer's 
specified closure flow rate, up to a maximum of 20 cubic feet per hour; 
or
    (B) For an excess flow valve designed to prevent equalization of 
pressure across the valve, to no more than 0.4 cubic feet per hour; and
    (4) Not close when the pressure is less than the manufacturer's 
minimum specified operating pressure and the flow rate is below the 
manufacturer's minimum specified closure flow rate.
    (b) An excess flow valve must meet the applicable requirements of 
Subparts B and D of this part.
    (c) An operator must mark or otherwise identify the presence of an 
excess flow valve in the service line.
    (d) An operator should locate an excess flow valve beyond the hard 
surface and as near as practical to the fitting connecting the service 
line to its source of gas supply.
    (e) An operator should not install an excess flow valve on a service 
line where the operator has prior experience with contaminants in the 
gas stream, where these contaminants could be expected to cause the 
excess flow valve to malfunction or where the excess flow valve would 
interfere with necessary operation and maintenance activities on the 
service, such as blowing liquids from the line.

[Amdt. 192-79, 61 FR 31459, June 20, 1996]



              Subpart I--Requirements for Corrosion Control

    Source: Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 192.451   Scope.

    (a) This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for the protection 
of metallic pipelines from external, internal, and atmospheric 
corrosion.
    (b) [Reserved]

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 
FR 34606, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-33, 43 FR 39389, Sept. 5, 1978]



Sec. 192.452  Applicability to converted pipelines.

    Notwithstanding the date the pipeline was installed or any earlier 
deadlines for compliance, each pipeline which qualifies for use under 
this part in accordance with Sec. 192.14 must meet the requirements of 
this subpart specifically applicable to pipelines installed before 
August 1, 1971, and all other applicable requirements within 1 year 
after the pipeline is readied for service. However, the requirements of 
this subpart specifically applicable to pipelines installed after July 
31, 1971, apply if the pipeline substantially meets those requirements 
before it is readied for service or it is a segment which is replaced, 
relocated, or substantially altered.

[Amdt. 192-30, 42 FR 60148, Nov. 25, 1977]



Sec. 192.453  General.

    The corrosion control procedures required by Sec. 192.605(b)(2), 
including those for the design, installation, operation, and maintenance 
of cathodic protection systems, must be carried out by, or under the 
direction of, a person qualified in pipeline corrosion control methods.

[Amdt. 192-71, 59 FR 6584, Feb. 11, 1994]



Sec. 192.455   External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines installed after July 31, 1971.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (f) of this 
section, each buried or submerged pipeline installed after July 31, 
1971, must be protected against external corrosion, including the 
following:
    (1) It must have an external protective coating meeting the 
requirements of Sec. 192.461.
    (2) It must have a cathodic protection system designed to protect 
the

[[Page 60]]

pipeline in accordance with this subpart, installed and placed in 
operation within 1 year after completion of construction.
    (b) An operator need not comply with paragraph (a) of this section, 
if the operator can demonstrate by tests, investigation, or experience 
in the area of application, including, as a minimum, soil resistivity 
measurements and tests for corrosion accelerating bacteria, that a 
corrosive environment does not exist. However, within 6 months after an 
installation made pursuant to the preceding sentence, the operator shall 
conduct tests, including pipe-to-soil potential measurements with 
respect to either a continuous reference electrode or an electrode using 
close spacing, not to exceed 20 feet, and soil resistivity measurements 
at potential profile peak locations, to adequately evaluate the 
potential profile along the entire pipeline. If the tests made indicate 
that a corrosive condition exists, the pipeline must be cathodically 
protected in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (c) An operator need not comply with paragraph (a) of this section, 
if the operator can demonstrate by tests, investigation, or experience 
that--
    (1) For a copper pipeline, a corrosive environment does not exist; 
or
    (2) For a temporary pipeline with an operating period of service not 
to exceed 5 years beyond installation, corrosion during the 5-year 
period of service of the pipeline will not be detrimental to public 
safety.
    (d) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b) or (c) of this 
section, if a pipeline is externally coated, it must be cathodically 
protected in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (e) Aluminum may not be installed in a buried or submerged pipeline 
if that aluminum is exposed to an environment with a natural pH in 
excess of 8, unless tests or experience indicate its suitability in the 
particular environment involved.
    (f) This section does not apply to electrically isolated, metal 
alloy fittings in plastic pipelines, if:
    (1) For the size fitting to be used, an operator can show by test, 
investigation, or experience in the area of application that adequate 
corrosion control is provided by the alloy composition; and
    (2) The fitting is designed to prevent leakage caused by localized 
corrosion pitting.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended at Amdt. 192-28, 42 
FR 35654, July 11, 1977; Amdt. 192-39, 47 FR 9844, Mar. 8, 1982; Amdt. 
192-78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.457   External corrosion control: Buried or submerged pipelines installed before August 1, 1971.

    (a) Except for buried piping at compressor, regulator, and measuring 
stations, each buried or submerged transmission line installed before 
August 1, 1971, that has an effective external coating must be 
cathodically protected along the entire area that is effectively coated, 
in accordance with this subpart. For the purposes of this subpart, a 
pipeline does not have an effective external coating if its cathodic 
protection current requirements are substantially the same as if it were 
bare. The operator shall make tests to determine the cathodic protection 
current requirements.
    (b) Except for cast iron or ductile iron, each of the following 
buried or submerged pipelines installed before August 1, 1971, must be 
cathodically protected in accordance with this subpart in areas in which 
active corrosion is found:
    (1) Bare or ineffectively coated transmission lines.
    (2) Bare or coated pipes at compressor, regulator, and measuring 
stations.
    (3) Bare or coated distribution lines. The operator shall determine 
the areas of active corrosion by electrical survey, or where electrical 
survey is impractical, by the study of corrosion and leak history 
records, by leak detection survey, or by other means.
    (c) For the purpose of this subpart, active corrosion means 
continuing corrosion which, unless controlled, could result in a 
condition that is detrimental to public safety.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-33, 43 
FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978]

[[Page 61]]



Sec. 192.459   External corrosion control: Examination of buried pipeline when exposed.

    Whenever an operator has knowledge that any portion of a buried 
pipeline is exposed, the exposed portion must be examined for evidence 
of external corrosion if the pipe is bare, or if the coating is 
deteriorated. If external corrosion is found, remedial action must be 
taken to the extent required by Sec. 192.483 and the applicable 
paragraphs of Secs. 192.485, 192.487, or 192.489.



Sec. 192.461   External corrosion control: Protective coating.

    (a) Each external protective coating, whether conductive or 
insulating, applied for the purpose of external corrosion control must--
    (1) Be applied on a properly prepared surface;
    (2) Have sufficient adhesion to the metal surface to effectively 
resist underfilm migration of moisture;
    (3) Be sufficiently ductile to resist cracking;
    (4) Have sufficient strength to resist damage due to handling and 
soil stress; and
    (5) Have properties compatible with any supplemental cathodic 
protection.
    (b) Each external protective coating which is an electrically 
insulating type must also have low moisture absorption and high 
electrical resistance.
    (c) Each external protective coating must be inspected just prior to 
lowering the pipe into the ditch and backfilling, and any damage 
detrimental to effective corrosion control must be repaired.
    (d) Each external protective coating must be protected from damage 
resulting from adverse ditch conditions or damage from supporting 
blocks.
    (e) If coated pipe is installed by boring, driving, or other similar 
method, precautions must be taken to minimize damage to the coating 
during installation.



Sec. 192.463   External corrosion control: Cathodic protection.

    (a) Each cathodic protection system required by this subpart must 
provide a level of cathodic protection that complies with one or more of 
the applicable criteria contained in appendix D of this part. If none of 
these criteria is applicable, the cathodic protection system must 
provide a level of cathodic protection at least equal to that provided 
by compliance with one or more of these criteria.
    (b) If amphoteric metals are included in a buried or submerged 
pipeline containing a metal of different anodic potential--
    (1) The amphoteric metals must be electrically isolated from the 
remainder of the pipeline and cathodically protected; or
    (2) The entire buried or submerged pipeline must be cathodically 
protected at a cathodic potential that meets the requirements of 
appendix D of this part for amphoteric metals.
    (c) The amount of cathodic protection must be controlled so as not 
to damage the protective coating or the pipe.



Sec. 192.465  External corrosion control: Monitoring.

    (a) Each pipeline that is under cathodic protection must be tested 
at least once each calendar year, but with intervals not exceeding 15 
months, to determine whether the cathodic protection meets the 
requirements of Sec. 192.463. However, if tests at those intervals are 
impractical for separately protected short sections of mains or 
transmission lines, not in excess of 100 feet, or separately protected 
service lines, these pipelines may be surveyed on a sampling basis. At 
least 10 percent of these protected structures, distributed over the 
entire system must be surveyed each calendar year, with a different 10 
percent checked each subsequent year, so that the entire system is 
tested in each 10-year period.
    (b) Each cathodic protection rectifier or other impressed current 
power source must be inspected six times each calendar year, but with 
intervals not exceeding 2\1/2\ months, to insure that it is operating.
    (c) Each reverse current switch, each diode, and each interference 
bond whose failure would jeopardize structure protection must be 
electrically checked for proper performance six times each calendar 
year, but with intervals not exceeding 2\1/2\ months. Each other 
interference bond must be

[[Page 62]]

checked at least once each calendar year, but with intervals not 
exceeding 15 months.
    (d) Each operator shall take prompt remedial action to correct any 
deficiencies indicated by the monitoring.
    (e) After the initial evaluation required by paragraphs (b) and (c) 
of Sec. 192.455 and paragraph (b) of Sec. 192.457, each operator shall, 
at intervals not exceeding 3 years, reevaluate its unprotected pipelines 
and cathodically protect them in accordance with this subpart in areas 
in which active corrosion is found. The operator shall determine the 
areas of active corrosion by electrical survey, or where electrical 
survey is impractical, by the study of corrosion and leak history 
records, by leak detection survey, or by other means.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-33, 43 
FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978; Amdt. 192-35A, 45 FR 23441, Apr. 7, 1980]



Sec. 192.467   External corrosion control: Electrical isolation.

    (a) Each buried or submerged pipeline must be electrically isolated 
from other underground metallic structures, unless the pipeline and the 
other structures are electrically interconnected and cathodically 
protected as a single unit.
    (b) One or more insulating devices must be installed where 
electrical isolation of a portion of a pipeline is necessary to 
facilitate the application of corrosion control.
    (c) Except for unprotected copper inserted in ferrous pipe, each 
pipeline must be electrically isolated from metallic casings that are a 
part of the underground system. However, if isolation is not achieved 
because it is impractical, other measures must be taken to minimize 
corrosion of the pipeline inside the casing.
    (d) Inspection and electrical tests must be made to assure that 
electrical isolation is adequate.
    (e) An insulating device may not be installed in an area where a 
combustible atmosphere is anticipated unless precautions are taken to 
prevent arcing.
    (f) Where a pipeline is located in close proximity to electrical 
transmission tower footings, ground cables or counterpoise, or in other 
areas where fault currents or unusual risk of lightning may be 
anticipated, it must be provided with protection against damage due to 
fault currents or lightning, and protective measures must also be taken 
at insulating devices.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-33, 43 
FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978]



Sec. 192.469   External corrosion control: Test stations.

    Each pipeline under cathodic protection required by this subpart 
must have sufficient test stations or other contact points for 
electrical measurement to determine the adequacy of cathodic protection.

[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34606, Aug. 16, 1976]



Sec. 192.471   External corrosion control: Test leads.

    (a) Each test lead wire must be connected to the pipeline so as to 
remain mechanically secure and electrically conductive.
    (b) Each test lead wire must be attached to the pipeline so as to 
minimize stress concentration on the pipe.
    (c) Each bared test lead wire and bared metallic area at point of 
connection to the pipeline must be coated with an electrical insulating 
material compatible with the pipe coating and the insulation on the 
wire.



Sec. 192.473   External corrosion control: Interference currents.

    (a) Each operator whose pipeline system is subjected to stray 
currents shall have in effect a continuing program to minimize the 
detrimental effects of such currents.
    (b) Each impressed current type cathodic protection system or 
galvanic anode system must be designed and installed so as to minimize 
any adverse effects on existing adjacent underground metallic 
structures.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-33, 43 
FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978]

[[Page 63]]



Sec. 192.475   Internal corrosion control: General.

    (a) Corrosive gas may not be transported by pipeline, unless the 
corrosive effect of the gas on the pipeline has been investigated and 
steps have been taken to minimize internal corrosion.
    (b) Whenever any pipe is removed from a pipeline for any reason, the 
internal surface must be inspected for evidence of corrosion. If 
internal corrosion is found--
    (1) The adjacent pipe must be investigated to determine the extent 
of internal corrosion;
    (2) Replacement must be made to the extent required by the 
applicable paragraphs of Secs. 192.485, 192.487, or 192.489; and
    (3) Steps must be taken to minimize the internal corrosion.
    (c) Gas containing more than 0.25 grain of hydrogen sulfide per 100 
standard cubic feet (4 parts per million) may not be stored in pipe-type 
or bottle-type holders.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-33, 43 
FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.477   Internal corrosion control: Monitoring.

    If corrosive gas is being transported, coupons or other suitable 
means must be used to determine the effectiveness of the steps taken to 
minimize internal corrosion. Each coupon or other means of monitoring 
internal corrosion must be checked two times each calendar year, but 
with intervals not exceeding 7\1/2\ months.

[Amdt. 192-33, 43 FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978]



Sec. 192.479   Atmospheric corrosion control: General.

    (a) Pipelines installed after July 31, 1971. Each aboveground 
pipeline or portion of a pipeline installed after July 31, 1971 that is 
exposed to the atmosphere must be cleaned and either coated or jacketed 
with a material suitable for the prevention of atmospheric corrosion. An 
operator need not comply with this paragraph, if the operator can 
demonstrate by test, investigation, or experience in the area of 
application, that a corrosive atmosphere does not exist.
    (b) Pipelines installed before August 1, 1971. Each operator having 
an above-ground pipeline or portion of a pipeline installed before 
August 1, 1971 that is exposed to the atmosphere, shall--
    (1) Determine the areas of atmospheric corrosion on the pipeline;
    (2) If atmospheric corrosion is found, take remedial measures to the 
extent required by the applicable paragraphs of Secs. 192.485, 192.487, 
or 192.489; and
    (3) Clean and either coat or jacket the areas of atmospheric 
corrosion on the pipeline with a material suitable for the prevention of 
atmospheric corrosion.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-33, 43 
FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978]



Sec. 192.481   Atmospheric corrosion control: Monitoring.

    After meeting the requirements of Sec. 192.479 (a) and (b), each 
operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 3 years for onshore pipelines 
and at least once each calendar year, but with intervals not exceeding 
15 months, for offshore pipelines, reevaluate each pipeline that is 
exposed to the atmosphere and take remedial action whenever necessary to 
maintain protection against atmospheric corrosion.

[Amdt. 192-33, 43 FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978]



Sec. 192.483   Remedial measures: General.

    (a) Each segment of metallic pipe that replaces pipe removed from a 
buried or submerged pipeline because of external corrosion must have a 
properly prepared surface and must be provided with an external 
protective coating that meets the requirements of Sec. 192.461.
    (b) Each segment of metallic pipe that replaces pipe removed from a 
buried or submerged pipeline because of external corrosion must be 
cathodically protected in accordance with this subpart.
    (c) Except for cast iron or ductile iron pipe, each segment of 
buried or submerged pipe that is required to be repaired because of 
external corrosion must be cathodically protected in accordance with 
this subpart.

[[Page 64]]



Sec. 192.485   Remedial measures: Transmission lines.

    (a) General corrosion. Each segment of transmission line with 
general corrosion and with a remaining wall thickness less than that 
required for the maximum allowable operating pressure of the pipeline 
must be replaced or the operating pressure reduced commensurate with the 
strength of the pipe based on actual remaining wall thickness. However, 
if the area of general corrosion is small, the corroded pipe may be 
repaired. Corrosion pitting so closely grouped as to affect the overall 
strength of the pipe is considered general corrosion for the purpose of 
this paragraph.
    (b) Localized corrosion pitting. Each segment of transmission line 
pipe with localized corrosion pitting to a degree where leakage might 
result must be replaced or repaired, or the operating pressure must be 
reduced commensurate with the strength of the pipe, based on the actual 
remaining wall thickness in the pits.
    (c) Under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, the strength of 
pipe based on actual remaining wall thickness may be determined by the 
procedure in ASME/ANSI B31G or the procedure in AGA Pipeline Research 
Committee Project PR 3-805 (with RSTRENG disk). Both procedures apply to 
corroded regions that do not penetrate the pipe wall, subject to the 
limitations prescribed in the procedures.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as amended by Amdt. 192-33, 43 
FR 39390, Sept. 5, 1978; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.487   Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines.

    (a) General corrosion. Except for cast iron or ductile iron pipe, 
each segment of generally corroded distribution line pipe with a 
remaining wall thickness less than that required for the maximum 
allowable operating pressure of the pipeline, or a remaining wall 
thickness less than 30 percent of the nominal wall thickness, must be 
replaced. However, if the area of general corrosion is small, the 
corroded pipe may be repaired. Corrosion pitting so closely grouped as 
to affect the overall strength of the pipe is considered general 
corrosion for the purpose of this paragraph.
    (b) Localized corrosion pitting. Except for cast iron or ductile 
iron pipe, each segment of distribution line pipe with localized 
corrosion pitting to a degree where leakage might result must be 
replaced or repaired.



Sec. 192.489   Remedial measures: Cast iron and ductile iron pipelines.

    (a) General graphitization. Each segment of cast iron or ductile 
iron pipe on which general graphitization is found to a degree where a 
fracture or any leakage might result, must be replaced.
    (b) Localized graphitization. Each segment of cast iron or ductile 
iron pipe on which localized graphitization is found to a degree where 
any leakage might result, must be replaced or repaired, or sealed by 
internal sealing methods adequate to prevent or arrest any leakage.



Sec. 192.491  Corrosion control records.

    (a) Each operator shall maintain records or maps to show the 
location of cathodically protected piping, cathodic protection 
facilities, galvanic anodes, and neighboring structures bonded to the 
cathodic protection system. Records or maps showing a stated number of 
anodes, installed in a stated manner or spacing, need not show specific 
distances to each buried anode.
    (b) Each record or map required by paragraph (a) of this section 
must be retained for as long as the pipeline remains in service.
    (c) Each operator shall maintain a record of each test, survey, or 
inspection required by this subpart in sufficient detail to demonstrate 
the adequacy of corrosion control measures or that a corrosive condition 
does not exist. These records must be retained for at least 5 years, 
except that records related to Secs. 192.465 (a) and (e) and 192.475(b) 
must be retained for as long as the pipeline remains in service.

[Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]

[[Page 65]]



                      Subpart J--Test Requirements



Sec. 192.501   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum leak-test and strength-test 
requirements for pipelines.



Sec. 192.503   General requirements.

    (a) No person may operate a new segment of pipeline, or return to 
service a segment of pipeline that has been relocated or replaced, 
until--
    (1) It has been tested in accordance with this subpart and 
Sec. 192.619 to substantiate the maximum allowable operating pressure; 
and
    (2) Each potentially hazardous leak has been located and eliminated.
    (b) The test medium must be liquid, air, natural gas, or inert gas 
that is--
    (1) Compatible with the material of which the pipeline is 
constructed;
    (2) Relatively free of sedimentary materials; and
    (3) Except for natural gas, nonflammable.
    (c) Except as provided in Sec. 192.505(a), if air, natural gas, or 
inert gas is used as the test medium, the following maximum hoop stress 
limitations apply:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                       Maximum hoop stress allowed as   
                                             percentage of SMYS         
          Class location           -------------------------------------
                                       Natural gas      Air or inert gas
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.................................         80                 80        
2.................................         30                 75        
3.................................         30                 50        
4.................................         30                 40        
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) Each joint used to tie in a test segment of pipeline is excepted 
from the specific test requirements of this subpart, but each non-welded 
joint must be leak tested at not less than its operating pressure.


[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, 
Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. 192-60, 53 FR 36029, Sept. 16, 1988; Amdt. 192-60A, 
54 FR 5485, Feb. 3, 1989]



Sec. 192.505   Strength test requirements for steel pipeline to operate at a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS.

    (a) Except for service lines, each segment of a steel pipeline that 
is to operate at a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS must be 
strength tested in accordance with this section to substantiate the 
proposed maximum allowable operating pressure. In addition, in a Class 1 
or Class 2 location, if there is a building intended for human occupancy 
within 300 feet of a pipeline, a hydrostatic test must be conducted to a 
test pressure of at least 125 percent of maximum operating pressure on 
that segment of the pipeline within 300 feet of such a building, but in 
no event may the test section be less than 600 feet unless the length of 
the newly installed or relocated pipe is less than 600 feet. However, if 
the buildings are evacuated while the hoop stress exceeds 50 percent of 
SMYS, air or inert gas may be used as the test medium.
    (b) In a Class 1 or Class 2 location, each compressor station 
regulator station, and measuring station, must be tested to at least 
Class 3 location test requirements.
    (c) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, the 
strength test must be conducted by maintaining the pressure at or above 
the test pressure for at least 8 hours.
    (d) If a component other than pipe is the only item being replaced 
or added to a pipeline, a strength test after installation is not 
required, if the manufacturer of the component certifies that--
    (1) The component was tested to at least the pressure required for 
the pipeline to which it is being added; or
    (2) The component was manufactured under a quality control system 
that ensures that each item manufactured is at least equal in strength 
to a prototype and that the prototype was tested to at least the 
pressure required for the pipeline to which it is being added.
    (e) For fabricated units and short sections of pipe, for which a 
post installation test is impractical, a preinstallation strength test 
must be conducted by maintaining the pressure at or above the test 
pressure for at least 4 hours.



Sec. 192.507  Test requirements for pipelines to operate at a hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i.g.

    Except for service lines and plastic pipelines, each segment of a 
pipeline that is to be operated at a hoop stress less than 30 percent of 
SMYS and at or

[[Page 66]]

above 100 p.s.i.g. must be tested in accordance with the following:
    (a) The pipeline operator must use a test procedure that will ensure 
discovery of all potentially hazardous leaks in the segment being 
tested.
    (b) If, during the test, the segment is to be stressed to 20 percent 
or more of SMYS and natural gas, inert gas, or air is the test medium--
    (1) A leak test must be made at a pressure between 100 p.s.i.g. and 
the pressure required to produce a hoop stress of 20 percent of SMYS; or
    (2) The line must be walked to check for leaks while the hoop stress 
is held at approximately 20 percent of SMYS.
    (c) The pressure must be maintained at or above the test pressure 
for at least 1 hour.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, 
Jan. 21, 1988]



Sec. 192.509  Test requirements for pipelines to operate below 100 p.s.i.g.

    Except for service lines and plastic pipelines, each segment of a 
pipeline that is to be operated below 100 p.s.i.g. must be leak tested 
in accordance with the following:
    (a) The test procedure used must ensure discovery of all potentially 
hazardous leaks in the segment being tested.
    (b) Each main that is to be operated at less than 1 p.s.i.g. must be 
tested to at least 10 p.s.i.g. and each main to be operated at or above 
1 p.s.i.g. must be tested to at least 90 p.s.i.g.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, 
Jan. 21, 1988]



Sec. 192.511   Test requirements for service lines.

    (a) Each segment of a service line (other than plastic) must be leak 
tested in accordance with this section before being placed in service. 
If feasible, the service line connection to the main must be included in 
the test; if not feasible, it must be given a leakage test at the 
operating pressure when placed in service.
    (b) Each segment of a service line (other than plastic) intended to 
be operated at a pressure of at least 1 p.s.i.g. but not more than 40 
p.s.i.g. must be given a leak test at a pressure of not less than 50 
p.s.i.g.
    (c) Each segment of a service line (other than plastic) intended to 
be operated at pressures of more than 40 p.s.i.g. must be tested to at 
least 90 p.s.i.g., except that each segment of a steel service line 
stressed to 20 percent or more of SMYS must be tested in accordance with 
Sec. 192.507 of this subpart.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-74, 61 FR 18517, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 192.513   Test requirements for plastic pipelines.

    (a) Each segment of a plastic pipeline must be tested in accordance 
with this section.
    (b) The test procedure must insure discovery of all potentially 
hazardous leaks in the segment being tested.
    (c) The test pressure must be at least 150 percent of the maximum 
operating pressure or 50 psig, whichever is greater. However, the 
maximum test pressure may not be more than three times the pressure 
determined under Sec. 192.121, at a temperature not less than the pipe 
temperature during the test.
    (d) During the test, the temperature of thermoplastic material may 
not be more than 38  deg.C (100  deg.F), or the temperature at which the 
material's long-term hydrostatic strength has been determined under the 
listed specification, whichever is greater.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-77, 61 FR 27793, 
June 3, 1996; 61 FR 45905, Aug. 30, 1996]



Sec. 192.515   Environmental protection and safety requirements.

    (a) In conducting tests under this subpart, each operator shall 
insure that every reasonable precaution is taken to protect its 
employees and the general public during the testing. Whenever the hoop 
stress of the segment of the pipeline being tested will exceed 50 
percent of SMYS, the operator shall take all practicable steps to keep 
persons not working on the testing operation outside of the testing area 
until the pressure is reduced to or below the proposed maximum allowable 
operating pressure.
    (b) The operator shall insure that the test medium is disposed of in 
a manner that will minimize damage to the environment.

[[Page 67]]



Sec. 192.517   Records.

    Each operator shall make, and retain for the useful life of the 
pipeline, a record of each test performed under Secs. 192.505 and 
192.507. The record must contain at least the following information:
    (a) The operator's name, the name of the operator's employee 
responsible for making the test, and the name of any test company used.
    (b) Test medium used.
    (c) Test pressure.
    (d) Test duration.
    (e) Pressure recording charts, or other record of pressure readings.
    (f) Elevation variations, whenever significant for the particular 
test.
    (g) Leaks and failures noted and their disposition.



                           Subpart K--Uprating



Sec. 192.551   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for increasing maximum 
allowable operating pressures (uprating) for pipelines.



Sec. 192.553   General requirements.

    (a) Pressure increases. Whenever the requirements of this subpart 
require that an increase in operating pressure be made in increments, 
the pressure must be increased gradually, at a rate that can be 
controlled, and in accordance with the following:
    (1) At the end of each incremental increase, the pressure must be 
held constant while the entire segment of pipeline that is affected is 
checked for leaks.
    (2) Each leak detected must be repaired before a further pressure 
increase is made, except that a leak determined not to be potentially 
hazardous need not be repaired, if it is monitored during the pressure 
increase and it does not become potentially hazardous.
    (b) Records. Each operator who uprates a segment of pipeline shall 
retain for the life of the segment a record of each investigation 
required by this subpart, of all work performed, and of each pressure 
test conducted, in connection with the uprating.
    (c) Written plan. Each operator who uprates a segment of pipeline 
shall establish a written procedure that will ensure that each 
applicable requirement of this subpart is complied with.
    (d) Limitation on increase in maximum allowable operating pressure. 
Except as provided in Sec. 192.555(c), a new maximum allowable operating 
pressure established under this subpart may not exceed the maximum that 
would be allowed under this part for a new segment of pipeline 
constructed of the same materials in the same location. However, when 
uprating a steel pipeline, if any variable necessary to determine the 
design pressure under the design formula (Sec. 192.105) is unknown, the 
MAOP may be increased as provided in Sec. 192.619(a)(1).

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 10, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28785, 
June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.555   Uprating to a pressure that will produce a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS in steel pipelines.

    (a) Unless the requirements of this section have been met, no person 
may subject any segment of a steel pipeline to an operating pressure 
that will produce a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS and that 
is above the established maximum allowable operating pressure.
    (b) Before increasing operating pressure above the previously 
established maximum allowable operating pressure the operator shall:
    (1) Review the design, operating, and maintenance history and 
previous testing of the segment of pipeline and determine whether the 
proposed increase is safe and consistent with the requirements of this 
part; and
    (2) Make any repairs, replacements, or alterations in the segment of 
pipeline that are necessary for safe operation at the increased 
pressure.
    (c) After complying with paragraph (b) of this section, an operator 
may increase the maximum allowable operating pressure of a segment of 
pipeline constructed before September 12, 1970, to the highest pressure 
that is permitted under Sec. 192.619, using as test pressure the highest 
pressure to which the segment of pipeline was previously

[[Page 68]]

subjected (either in a strength test or in actual operation).
    (d) After complying with paragraph (b) of this section, an operator 
that does not qualify under paragraph (c) of this section may increase 
the previously established maximum allowable operating pressure if at 
least one of the following requirements is met:
    (1) The segment of pipeline is successfully tested in accordance 
with the requirements of this part for a new line of the same material 
in the same location.
    (2) An increased maximum allowable operating pressure may be 
established for a segment of pipeline in a Class 1 location if the line 
has not previously been tested, and if:
    (i) It is impractical to test it in accordance with the requirements 
of this part;
    (ii) The new maximum operating pressure does not exceed 80 percent 
of that allowed for a new line of the same design in the same location; 
and
    (iii) The operator determines that the new maximum allowable 
operating pressure is consistent with the condition of the segment of 
pipeline and the design requirements of this part.
    (e) Where a segment of pipeline is uprated in accordance with 
paragraph (c) or (d)(2) of this section, the increase in pressure must 
be made in increments that are equal to:
    (1) 10 percent of the pressure before the uprating; or
    (2) 25 percent of the total pressure increase,

whichever produces the fewer number of increments.



Sec. 192.557   Uprating: Steel pipelines to a pressure that will produce a hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS: plastic, cast iron, and ductile iron 
          pipelines.

    (a) Unless the requirements of this section have been met, no person 
may subject:
    (1) A segment of steel pipeline to an operating pressure that will 
produce a hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS and that is above the 
previously established maximum allowable operating pressure; or
    (2) A plastic, cast iron, or ductile iron pipeline segment to an 
operating pressure that is above the previously established maximum 
allowable operating pressure.
    (b) Before increasing operating pressure above the previously 
established maximum allowable operating pressure, the operator shall:
    (1) Review the design, operating, and maintenance history of the 
segment of pipeline;
    (2) Make a leakage survey (if it has been more than 1 year since the 
last survey) and repair any leaks that are found, except that a leak 
determined not to be potentially hazardous need not be repaired, if it 
is monitored during the pressure increase and it does not become 
potentially hazardous;
    (3) Make any repairs, replacements, or alterations in the segment of 
pipeline that are necessary for safe operation at the increased 
pressure;
    (4) Reinforce or anchor offsets, bends and dead ends in pipe joined 
by compression couplings or bell and spigot joints to prevent failure of 
the pipe joint, if the offset, bend, or dead end is exposed in an 
excavation;
    (5) Isolate the segment of pipeline in which the pressure is to be 
increased from any adjacent segment that will continue to be operated at 
a lower pressure; and
    (6) If the pressure in mains or service lines, or both, is to be 
higher than the pressure delivered to the customer, install a service 
regulator on each service line and test each regulator to determine that 
it is functioning. Pressure may be increased as necessary to test each 
regulator, after a regulator has been installed on each pipeline subject 
to the increased pressure.
    (c) After complying with paragraph (b) of this section, the increase 
in maximum allowable operating pressure must be made in increments that 
are equal to 10 p.s.i.g. or 25 percent of the total pressure increase, 
whichever produces the fewer number of increments. Whenever the 
requirements of paragraph (b)(6) of this section apply, there must be at 
least two approximately equal incremental increases.
    (d) If records for cast iron or ductile iron pipeline facilities are 
not complete enough to determine stresses produced by internal pressure, 
trench loading, rolling loads, beam stresses,

[[Page 69]]

and other bending loads, in evaluating the level of safety of the 
pipeline when operating at the proposed increased pressure, the 
following procedures must be followed:
    (1) In estimating the stresses, if the original laying conditions 
cannot be ascertained, the operator shall assume that cast iron pipe was 
supported on blocks with tamped backfill and that ductile iron pipe was 
laid without blocks with tamped backfill.
    (2) Unless the actual maximum cover depth is known, the operator 
shall measure the actual cover in at least three places where the cover 
is most likely to be greatest and shall use the greatest cover measured.
    (3) Unless the actual nominal wall thickness is known, the operator 
shall determine the wall thickness by cutting and measuring coupons from 
at least three separate pipe lengths. The coupons must be cut from pipe 
lengths in areas where the cover depth is most likely to be the 
greatest. The average of all measurements taken must be increased by the 
allowance indicated in the following table:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               Allowance (inches)               
                                                              --------------------------------------------------
                                                                         Cast iron pipe                         
                      Pipe size (inches)                      ------------------------------------  Ductile iron
                                                                                  Centrifugally         pipe    
                                                                Pit cast pipe       cast pipe                   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 to 8.......................................................         0.075             0.065            0.065  
10 to 12.....................................................         0.08              0.07             0.07   
14 to 24.....................................................         0.08              0.08             0.075  
30 to 42.....................................................         0.09              0.09             0.075  
48...........................................................         0.09              0.09             0.08   
54 to 60.....................................................         0.09      .................  .............
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                

    (4) For cast iron pipe, unless the pipe manufacturing process is 
known, the operator shall assume that the pipe is pit cast pipe with a 
bursting tensile strength of 11,000 p.s.i. and a modulus of rupture of 
31,000 p.s.i.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-37, 46 FR 10160, 
Feb. 2, 1981; Amdt. 192-62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989]



                          Subpart L--Operations



Sec. 192.601   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for the operation of 
pipeline facilities.



Sec. 192.603   General provisions.

    (a) No person may operate a segment of pipeline unless it is 
operated in accordance with this subpart.
    (b) Each operator shall keep records necessary to administer the 
procedures established under Sec. 192.605.
    (c) The Administrator or the State Agency that has submitted a 
current certification under the pipeline safety laws, (49 U.S.C. 60101 
et seq.) with respect to the pipeline facility governed by an operator's 
plans and procedures may, after notice and opportunity for hearing as 
provided in 49 CFR 190.237 or the relevant State procedures, require the 
operator to amend its plans and procedures as necessary to provide a 
reasonable level of safety.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-66, 56 FR 31090, 
July 9, 1991; Amdt. 192-71, 59 FR 6584, Feb. 11, 1994; Amdt. 192-75, 61 
FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 192.605  Procedural manual for operations, maintenance, and emergencies.

    (a) General. Each operator shall prepare and follow for each 
pipeline, a manual of written procedures for conducting operations and 
maintenance activities and for emergency response. For transmission 
lines, the manual must also include procedures for handling abnormal 
operations. This manual must be reviewed and updated by the operator at 
intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year. 
This manual must be prepared before operations of a pipeline system 
commence. Appropriate parts of the manual must be kept at locations 
where operations and maintenance activities are conducted.

[[Page 70]]

    (b) Maintenance and normal operations. The manual required by 
paragraph (a) of this section must include procedures for the following, 
if applicable, to provide safety during maintenance and operations.
    (1) Operating, maintaining, and repairing the pipeline in accordance 
with each of the requirements of this subpart and subpart M of this 
part.
    (2) Controlling corrosion in accordance with the operations and 
maintenance requirements of subpart I of this part.
    (3) Making construction records, maps, and operating history 
available to appropriate operating personnel.
    (4) Gathering of data needed for reporting incidents under Part 191 
of this chapter in a timely and effective manner.
    (5) Starting up and shutting down any part of the pipeline in a 
manner designed to assure operation within the MAOP limits prescribed by 
this part, plus the build-up allowed for operation of pressure-limiting 
and control devices.
    (6) Maintaining compressor stations, including provisions for 
isolating units or sections of pipe and for purging before returning to 
service.
    (7) Starting, operating and shutting down gas compressor units.
    (8) Periodically reviewing the work done by operator personnel to 
determine the effectiveness, and adequacy of the procedures used in 
normal operation and maintenance and modifying the procedures when 
deficiencies are found.
    (9) Taking adequate precautions in excavated trenches to protect 
personnel from the hazards of unsafe accumulations of vapor or gas, and 
making available when needed at the excavation, emergency rescue 
equipment, including a breathing apparatus and, a rescue harness and 
line.
    (10) Systematic and routine testing and inspection of pipe-type or 
bottle-type holders including--
    (i) Provision for detecting external corrosion before the strength 
of the container has been impaired;
    (ii) Periodic sampling and testing of gas in storage to determine 
the dew point of vapors contained in the stored gas which, if condensed, 
might cause internal corrosion or interfere with the safe operation of 
the storage plant; and
    (iii) Periodic inspection and testing of pressure limiting equipment 
to determine that it is in safe operating condition and has adequate 
capacity.
    (c) Abnormal operation. For transmission lines, the manual required 
by paragraph (a) of this section must include procedures for the 
following to provide safety when operating design limits have been 
exceeded:
    (1) Responding to, investigating, and correcting the cause of:
    (i) Unintended closure of valves or shutdowns;
    (ii) Increase or decrease in pressure or flow rate outside normal 
operating limits;
    (iii) Loss of communications;
    (iv) Operation of any safety device; and
    (v) Any other foreseeable malfunction of a component, deviation from 
normal operation, or personnel error, which may result in a hazard to 
persons or property.
    (2) Checking variations from normal operation after abnormal 
operation has ended at sufficient critical locations in the system to 
determine continued integrity and safe operation.
    (3) Notifying responsible operator personnel when notice of an 
abnormal operation is received.
    (4) Periodically reviewing the response of operator personnel to 
determine the effectiveness of the procedures controlling abnormal 
operation and taking corrective action where deficiencies are found.
    (5) The requirements of this paragraph (c) do not apply to natural 
gas distribution operators that are operating transmission lines in 
connection with their distribution system.
    (d) Safety-related condition reports. The manual required by 
paragraph (a) of this section must include instructions enabling 
personnel who perform operation and maintenance activities to recognize 
conditions that potentially may be safety-related conditions that are 
subject to the reporting requirements of Sec. 191.23 of this subchapter.
    (e) Surveillance, emergency response, and accident investigation. 
The procedures required by Secs. 192.613(a), 192.615,

[[Page 71]]

and 192.617 must be included in the manual required by paragraph (a) of 
this section.

[Amdt. 192-71, 59 FR 6584, Feb. 11, 1994, as amended by Amdt. 192-71A, 
60 FR 14381, Mar. 17, 1995]
Sec. 192.607  [Reserved]



Sec. 192.609   Change in class location: Required study.

    Whenever an increase in population density indicates a change in 
class location for a segment of an existing steel pipeline operating at 
hoop stress that is more than 40 percent of SMYS, or indicates that the 
hoop stress corresponding to the established maximum allowable operating 
pressure for a segment of existing pipeline is not commensurate with the 
present class location, the operator shall immediately make a study to 
determine:
    (a) The present class location for the segment involved.
    (b) The design, construction, and testing procedures followed in the 
original construction, and a comparison of these procedures with those 
required for the present class location by the applicable provisions of 
this part.
    (c) The physical condition of the segment to the extent it can be 
ascertained from available records;
    (d) The operating and maintenance history of the segment;
    (e) The maximum actual operating pressure and the corresponding 
operating hoop stress, taking pressure gradient into account, for the 
segment of pipeline involved; and
    (f) The actual area affected by the population density increase, and 
physical barriers or other factors which may limit further expansion of 
the more densely populated area.



Sec. 192.611  Change in class location: Confirmation or revision of maximum allowable operating pressure.

    (a) If the hoop stress corresponding to the established maximum 
allowable operating pressure of a segment of pipeline is not 
commensurate with the present class location, and the segment is in 
satisfactory physical condition, the maximum allowable operating 
pressure of that segment of pipeline must be confirmed or revised 
according to one of the following requirements:
    (1) If the segment involved has been previously tested in place for 
a period of not less than 8 hours, the maximum allowable operating 
pressure is 0.8 times the test pressure in Class 2 locations, 0.667 
times the test pressure in Class 3 locations, or 0.555 times the test 
pressure in Class 4 locations. The corresponding hoop stress may not 
exceed 72 percent of the SMYS of the pipe in Class 2 locations, 60 
percent of SMYS in Class 3 locations, or 50 percent of SMYS in Class 4 
locations.
    (2) The maximum allowable operating pressure of the segment involved 
must be reduced so that the corresponding hoop stress is not more than 
that allowed by this part for new segments of pipelines in the existing 
class location.
    (3) The segment involved must be tested in accordance with the 
applicable requirements of subpart J of this part, and its maximum 
allowable operating pressure must then be established according to the 
following criteria:
    (i) The maximum allowable operating pressure after the 
requalification test is 0.8 times the test pressure for Class 2 
locations, 0.667 times the test pressure for Class 3 locations, and 
0.555 times the test pressure for Class 4 locations.
    (ii) The corresponding hoop stress may not exceed 72 percent of the 
SMYS of the pipe in Class 2 locations, 60 percent of SMYS in Class 3 
locations, or 50 percent of SMYS in Class 4 locations.
    (b) The maximum allowable operating pressure confirmed or revised in 
accordance with this section, may not exceed the maximum allowable 
operating pressure established before the confirmation or revision.
    (c) Confirmation or revision of the maximum allowable operating 
pressure of a segment of pipeline in accordance with this section does 
not preclude the application of Secs. 192.553 and 192.555.
    (d) Confirmation or revision of the maximum allowable operating 
pressure that is required as a result of a study

[[Page 72]]

under Sec. 192.609 must be completed within 18 months of the change in 
class location. Pressure reduction under paragraph (a) (1) or (2) of 
this section within the 18-month period does not preclude establishing a 
maximum allowable operating pressure under paragraph (a)(3) of this 
section at a later date.

[Amdt. 192-63A, 54 FR 24174, June 6, 1989 as amended by Amdt. 192-78, 61 
FR 28785, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.612  Underwater inspection and re-burial of pipelines in the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets.

    (a) Each operator shall, in accordance with this section, conduct an 
underwater inspection of its pipelines in the Gulf of Mexico and its 
inlets. The inspection must be conducted after October 3, 1989 and 
before November 16, 1992.
    (b) If, as a result of an inspection under paragraph (a) of this 
section, or upon notification by any person, an operator discovers that 
a pipeline it operates is exposed on the seabed or constitutes a hazard 
to navigation, the operator shall--
    (1) Promptly, but not later than 24 hours after discovery, notify 
the National Response Center, telephone: 1-800-424-8802 of the location, 
and, if available, the geographic coordinates of that pipeline;
    (2) Promptly, but not later than 7 days after discovery, mark the 
location of the pipeline in accordance with 33 CFR part 64 at the ends 
of the pipeline segment and at intervals of not over 500 yards long, 
except that a pipeline segment less than 200 yards long need only be 
marked at the center; and
    (3) Within 6 months after discovery, or not later than November 1 of 
the following year if the 6 month period is later than November 1 of the 
year the discovery is made, place the pipeline so that the top of the 
pipe is 36 inches below the seabed for normal excavation or 18 inches 
for rock excavation.

[Amdt. 192-67, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991]



Sec. 192.613   Continuing surveillance.

    (a) Each operator shall have a procedure for continuing surveillance 
of its facilities to determine and take appropriate action concerning 
changes in class location, failures, leakage history, corrosion, 
substantial changes in cathodic protection requirements, and other 
unusual operating and maintenance conditions.
    (b) If a segment of pipeline is determined to be in unsatisfactory 
condition but no immediate hazard exists, the operator shall initiate a 
program to recondition or phase out the segment involved, or, if the 
segment cannot be reconditioned or phased out, reduce the maximum 
allowable operating pressure in accordance with Sec. 192.619 (a) and 
(b).



Sec. 192.614  Damage prevention program.

    (a) Except for pipelines listed in paragraph (c) of this section, 
each operator of a buried pipeline shall carry out in accordance with 
this section a written program to prevent damage to that pipeline by 
excavation activities. For the purpose of this section, ``excavation 
activities'' include excavation, blasting, boring, tunneling, 
backfilling, the removal of aboveground structures by either explosive 
or mechanical means, and other earth moving operations. An operator may 
perform any of the duties required by paragraph (b) of this section 
through participation in a public service program, such as a ``one-
call'' system, but such participation does not relieve the operator of 
responsibility for compliance with this section.
    (b) The damage prevention program required by paragraph (a) of this 
section must, at a minimum:
    (1) Include the identity, on a current basis, of persons who 
normally engage in excavation activities in the area in which the 
pipeline is located.
    (2) Provide for general notification of the public in the vicinity 
of the pipeline and actual notification of the persons identified in 
paragraph (b)(1) of the following as often as needed to make them aware 
of the damage prevention program:
    (i) The program's existence and purpose; and
    (ii) How to learn the location of underground pipelines before 
excavation activities are begun.
    (3) Provide a means of receiving and recording notification of 
planned excavation activities.

[[Page 73]]

    (4) If the operator has buried pipelines in the area of excavation 
activity, provide for actual notification of persons who give notice of 
their intent to excavate of the type of temporary marking to be provided 
and how to identify the markings.
    (5) Provide for temporary marking of buried pipelines in the area of 
excavation activity before, as far as practical, the activity begins.
    (6) Provide as follows for inspection of pipelines that an operator 
has reason to believe could be damaged by excavation activities:
    (i) The inspection must be done as frequently as necessary during 
and after the activities to verify the integrity of the pipeline; and
    (ii) In the case of blasting, any inspection must include leakage 
surveys.
    (c) A damage prevention program under this section is not required 
for the following pipelines:
    (1) Pipelines located offshore.
    (2) Pipelines, other than those located offshore, in Class 1 or 2 
locations until September 20, 1995.
    (3) Pipelines to which access is physically controlled by the 
operator.
    (4) Pipelines that are part of a petroleum gas system subject to 
Sec. 192.11 or part of a distribution system operated by a person in 
connection with that person's leasing of real property or by a 
condominium or cooperative association.

[Amdt. 192-40, 47 FR 13824, Apr. 1, 1982, as amended by Amdt. 192-57, 52 
FR 32800, Aug. 31, 1987; Amdt. 192-73, 60 FR 14650, Mar. 20, 1995; Amdt. 
192-78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.615   Emergency plans.

    (a) Each operator shall establish written procedures to minimize the 
hazard resulting from a gas pipeline emergency. At a minimum, the 
procedures must provide for the following:
    (1) Receiving, identifying, and classifying notices of events which 
require immediate response by the operator.
    (2) Establishing and maintaining adequate means of communication 
with appropriate fire, police, and other public officials.
    (3) Prompt and effective response to a notice of each type of 
emergency, including the following:
    (i) Gas detected inside or near a building.
    (ii) Fire located near or directly involving a pipeline facility.
    (iii) Explosion occurring near or directly involving a pipeline 
facility.
    (iv) Natural disaster.
    (4) The availability of personnel, equipment, tools, and materials, 
as needed at the scene of an emergency.
    (5) Actions directed toward protecting people first and then 
property.
    (6) Emergency shutdown and pressure reduction in any section of the 
operator's pipeline system necessary to minimize hazards to life or 
property.
    (7) Making safe any actual or potential hazard to life or property.
    (8) Notifying appropriate fire, police, and other public officials 
of gas pipeline emergencies and coordinating with them both planned 
responses and actual responses during an emergency.
    (9) Safely restoring any service outage.
    (10) Beginning action under Sec. 192.617, if applicable, as soon 
after the end of the emergency as possible.
    (b) Each operator shall:
    (1) Furnish its supervisors who are responsible for emergency action 
a copy of that portion of the latest edition of the emergency procedures 
established under paragraph (a) of this section as necessary for 
compliance with those procedures.
    (2) Train the appropriate operating personnel to assure that they 
are knowledgeable of the emergency procedures and verify that the 
training is effective.
    (3) Review employee activities to determine whether the procedures 
were effectively followed in each emergency.
    (c) Each operator shall establish and maintain liaison with 
appropriate fire, police, and other public officials to:
    (1) Learn the responsibility and resources of each government 
organization that may respond to a gas pipeline emergency;
    (2) Acquaint the officials with the operator's ability in responding 
to a gas pipeline emergency;
    (3) Identify the types of gas pipeline emergencies of which the 
operator notifies the officials; and

[[Page 74]]

    (4) Plan how the operator and officials can engage in mutual 
assistance to minimize hazards to life or property.

[Amdt. 192-24, 41 FR 13587, Mar. 31, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 192-71, 
59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, 1994]



Sec. 192.616  Public education.

    Each operator shall establish a continuing educational program to 
enable customers, the public, appropriate government organizations, and 
persons engaged in excavation related activities to recognize a gas 
pipeline emergency for the purpose of reporting it to the operator or 
the appropriate public officials. The program and the media used must be 
as comprehensive as necessary to reach all areas in which the operator 
transports gas. The program must be conducted in English and in other 
languages commonly understood by a significant number and concentration 
of the non-English speaking population in the operator's area.

[Amdt. 192-71, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, 1994]



Sec. 192.617   Investigation of failures.

    Each operator shall establish procedures for analyzing accidents and 
failures, including the selection of samples of the failed facility or 
equipment for laboratory examination, where appropriate, for the purpose 
of determining the causes of the failure and minimizing the possibility 
of a recurrence.



Sec. 192.619   Maximum allowable operating pressure: Steel or plastic pipelines.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, no person 
may operate a segment of steel or plastic pipeline at a pressure that 
exceeds the lowest of the following:
    (1) The design pressure of the weakest element in the segment, 
determined in accordance with subparts C and D of this part. However, 
for steel pipe in pipelines being converted under Sec. 192.14 or uprated 
under subpart K of this part, if any variable necessary to determine the 
design pressure under the design formula (Sec. 192.105) is unknown, one 
of the following pressures is to be used as design pressure:
    (i) Eighty percent of the first test pressure that produces yield 
under section N5.0 of Appendix N of ASME B31.8, reduced by the 
appropriate factor in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section; or
    (ii) If the pipe is 324 mm (12\3/4\ in) or less in outside diameter 
and is not tested to yield under this paragraph, 1379 kPa (200 psig).
    (2) The pressure obtained by dividing the pressure to which the 
segment was tested after construction as follows:
    (i) For plastic pipe in all locations, the test pressure is divided 
by a factor of 1.5.
    (ii) For steel pipe operated at 100 p.s.i.g. or more, the test 
pressure is divided by a factor determined in accordance with the 
following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Factors\1\, segment--       
                                   -------------------------------------
                                     Installed   Installed              
          Class location              before       after      Converted 
                                     (Nov. 12,   (Nov. 11,   under Sec. 
                                       1970)       1970)       192.14   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.................................         1.1         1.1         1.25 
2.................................        1.25        1.25         1.25 
3.................................         1.4         1.5          1.5 
4.................................         1.4         1.5          1.5 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\For offshore segments installed, uprated or converted after July 31, 
  1977, that are not located on an offshore platform, the factor is     
  1.25. For segments installed, uprated or converted after July 31,     
  1977, that are located on an offshore platform or on a platform in    
  inland navigable waters, including a pipe riser, the factor is 1.5.   

    (3) The highest actual operating pressure to which the segment was 
subjected during the 5 years preceding July 1, 1970 (or in the case of 
offshore gathering lines, July 1, 1976), unless the segment was tested 
in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section after July 1, 1965 
(or in the case of offshore gathering lines, July 1, 1971), or the 
segment was uprated in accordance with subpart K of this part.
    (4) The pressure determined by the operator to be the maximum safe 
pressure after considering the history of the segment, particularly 
known corrosion and the actual operating pressure.
    (b) No person may operate a segment to which paragraph (a)(4) of 
this section is applicable, unless over-pressure protective devices are 
installed on the segment in a manner that will prevent the maximum 
allowable operating pressure from being exceeded, in accordance with 
Sec. 192.195.
    (c) Notwithstanding the other requirements of this section, an 
operator may operate a segment of pipeline found to be in satisfactory 
condition,

[[Page 75]]

considering its operating and maintenance history, at the highest actual 
operating pressure to which the segment was subjected during the 5 years 
preceding July 1, 1970, or in the case of offshore gathering lines, July 
1, 1976, subject to the requirements of Sec. 192.611.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting 
Sec. 192.619, see the List of CFR Sections Affected in the Finding Aids 
section of this volume.



Sec. 192.621   Maximum allowable operating pressure: High-pressure distribution systems.

    (a) No person may operate a segment of a high pressure distribution 
system at a pressure that exceeds the lowest of the following pressures, 
as applicable:
    (1) The design pressure of the weakest element in the segment, 
determined in accordance with subparts C and D of this part.
    (2) 60 p.s.i.g., for a segment of a distribution system otherwise 
designed to operate at over 60 p.s.i.g., unless the service lines in the 
segment are equipped with service regulators or other pressure limiting 
devices in series that meet the requirements of Sec. 192.197(c).
    (3) 25 p.s.i.g. in segments of cast iron pipe in which there are 
unreinforced bell and spigot joints.
    (4) The pressure limits to which a joint could be subjected without 
the possibility of its parting.
    (5) The pressure determined by the operator to be the maximum safe 
pressure after considering the history of the segment, particularly 
known corrosion and the actual operating pressures.
    (b) No person may operate a segment of pipeline to which paragraph 
(a)(5) of this section applies, unless overpressure protective devices 
are installed on the segment in a manner that will prevent the maximum 
allowable operating pressure from being exceeded, in accordance with 
Sec. 192.195.



Sec. 192.623  Maximum and minimum allowable operating pressure; Low-pressure distribution systems.

    (a) No person may operate a low-pressure distribution system at a 
pressure high enough to make unsafe the operation of any connected and 
properly adjusted low-pressure gas burning equipment.
    (b) No person may operate a low pressure distribution system at a 
pressure lower than the minimum pressure at which the safe and 
continuing operation of any connected and properly adjusted low-pressure 
gas burning equipment can be assured.



Sec. 192.625   Odorization of gas.

    (a) A combustible gas in a distribution line must contain a natural 
odorant or be odorized so that at a concentration in air of one-fifth of 
the lower explosive limit, the gas is readily detectable by a person 
with a normal sense of smell.
    (b) After December 31, 1976, a combustible gas in a transmission 
line in a Class 3 or Class 4 location must comply with the requirements 
of paragraph (a) of this section unless:
    (1) At least 50 percent of the length of the line downstream from 
that location is in a Class 1 or Class 2 location;
    (2) The line transports gas to any of the following facilities which 
received gas without an odorant from that line before May 5, 1975;
    (i) An underground storage field;
    (ii) A gas processing plant;
    (iii) A gas dehydration plant; or
    (iv) An industrial plant using gas in a process where the presence 
of an odorant:
    (A) Makes the end product unfit for the purpose for which it is 
intended;
    (B) Reduces the activity of a catalyst; or
    (C) Reduces the percentage completion of a chemical reaction;
    (3) In the case of a lateral line which transports gas to a 
distribution center, at least 50 percent of the length of that line is 
in a Class 1 or Class 2 location; or
    (4) The combustible gas is hydrogen intended for use as a feedstock 
in a manufacturing process.
    (c) In the concentrations in which it is used, the odorant in 
combustible gases must comply with the following:
    (1) The odorant may not be deleterious to persons, materials, or 
pipe.
    (2) The products of combustion from the odorant may not be toxic 
when breathed nor may they be corrosive or

[[Page 76]]

harmful to those materials to which the products of combustion will be 
exposed.
    (d) The odorant may not be soluble in water to an extent greater 
than 2.5 parts to 100 parts by weight.
    (e) Equipment for odorization must introduce the odorant without 
wide variations in the level of odorant.
    (f) Each operator shall conduct periodic sampling of combustible 
gases to assure the proper concentration of odorant in accordance with 
this section. Operators of master meter systems may comply with this 
requirement by--
    (1) Receiving written verification from their gas source that the 
gas has the proper concentration of odorant; and
    (2) Conducting periodic ``sniff'' tests at the extremities of the 
system to confirm that the gas contains odorant.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting 
Sec. 192.625, see the List of CFR Sections Affected in the Finding Aids 
section of this volume.



Sec. 192.627   Tapping pipelines under pressure.

    Each tap made on a pipeline under pressure must be performed by a 
crew qualified to make hot taps.



Sec. 192.629   Purging of pipelines.

    (a) When a pipeline is being purged of air by use of gas, the gas 
must be released into one end of the line in a moderately rapid and 
continuous flow. If gas cannot be supplied in sufficient quantity to 
prevent the formation of a hazardous mixture of gas and air, a slug of 
inert gas must be released into the line before the gas.
    (b) When a pipeline is being purged of gas by use of air, the air 
must be released into one end of the line in a moderately rapid and 
continuous flow. If air cannot be supplied in sufficient quantity to 
prevent the formation of a hazardous mixture of gas and air, a slug of 
inert gas must be released into the line before the air.



                         Subpart M--Maintenance



Sec. 192.701   Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for maintenance of 
pipeline facilities.



Sec. 192.703   General.

    (a) No person may operate a segment of pipeline, unless it is 
maintained in accordance with this subpart.
    (b) Each segment of pipeline that becomes unsafe must be replaced, 
repaired, or removed from service.
    (c) Hazardous leaks must be repaired promptly.



Sec. 192.705   Transmission lines: Patrolling.

    (a) Each operator shall have a patrol program to observe surface 
conditions on and adjacent to the transmission line right-of-way for 
indications of leaks, construction activity, and other factors affecting 
safety and operation.
    (b) The frequency of patrols is determined by the size of the line, 
the operating pressures, the class location, terrain, weather, and other 
relevant factors, but intervals between patrols may not be longer than 
prescribed in the following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Maximum interval between patrols   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    At highway and       At all other   
     Class location of line       railroad crossings        places      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1, 2............................  7\1/2\ months; but  15 months; but at 
                                   at least twice      least once each  
                                   each calendar       calendar year.   
                                   year.                                
3...............................  4\1/2\ months; but  7\1/2\ months; but
                                   at least four       at least twice   
                                   times each          each calendar    
                                   calendar year.      year.            
4...............................  4\1/2\ months; but  4\1/2\ months; but
                                   at least four       at least four    
                                   times each          times each       
                                   calendar year.      calendar year.   
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) Methods of patrolling include walking, driving, flying or other 
appropriate means of traversing the right-of-way.
[Amdt. 192-21, 40 FR 20283, May 9, 1975, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 
FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28786, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.706   Transmission lines: Leakage surveys.

    Leakage surveys of a transmission line must be conducted at 
intervals not

[[Page 77]]

exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year. However, in 
the case of a transmission line which transports gas in conformity with 
Sec. 192.625 without an odor or odorant, leakage surveys using leak 
detector equipment must be conducted--
    (a) In Class 3 locations, at intervals not exceeding 7\1/2\ months, 
but at least twice each calendar year; and
    (b) In Class 4 locations, at intervals not exceeding 4\1/2\ months, 
but at least four times each calendar year.

[Amdt. 192-21, 40 FR 20283, May 9, 1975, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 
FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-71, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, 1994]



Sec. 192.707   Line markers for mains and transmission lines.

    (a) Buried pipelines. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this 
section, a line marker must be placed and maintained as close as 
practical over each buried main and transmission line:
    (1) At each crossing of a public road and railroad; and
    (2) Wherever necessary to identify the location of the transmission 
line or main to reduce the possibility of damage or interference.
    (b) Exceptions for buried pipelines. Line markers are not required 
for the following pipelines:
    (1) Mains and transmission lines located offshore, or at crossings 
of or under waterways and other bodies of water.
    (2) Mains in Class 3 or Class 4 locations where a damage prevention 
program is in effect under Sec. 192.614.
    (3) Transmission lines in Class 3 or 4 locations until March 20, 
1996.
    (4) Transmission lines in Class 3 or 4 locations where placement of 
a line marker is impractical.
    (c) Pipelines aboveground. Line markers must be placed and 
maintained along each section of a main and transmission line that is 
located aboveground in an area accessible to the public.
    (d) Marker warning. The following must be written legibly on a 
background of sharply contrasting color on each line marker:
    (1) The word ``Warning,'' ``Caution,'' or ``Danger'' followed by the 
words ``Gas (or name of gas transported) Pipeline'' all of which, except 
for markers in heavily developed urban areas, must be in letters at 
least one inch high with one-quarter inch stroke.
    (2) The name of the operator and the telephone number (including 
area code) where the operator can be reached at all times.

[Amdt. 192-20, 40 FR 13505, Mar. 27, 1975; Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 39752, 
Sept. 16, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 192-20A, 41 FR 56808, Dec. 30, 1976; 
Amdt. 192-44, 48 FR 25208, June 6, 1983; Amdt. 192-73, 60 FR 14650, Mar. 
20, 1995]



Sec. 192.709  Transmission lines: Record keeping.

    Each operator shall maintain the following records for transmission 
lines for the periods specified:
    (a) The date, location, and description of each repair made to pipe 
(including pipe-to-pipe connections) must be retained for as long as the 
pipe remains in service.
    (b) The date, location, and description of each repair made to parts 
of the pipeline system other than pipe must be retained for at least 5 
years. However, repairs generated by patrols, surveys, inspections, or 
tests required by subparts L and M of this part must be retained in 
accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
    (c) A record of each patrol, survey, inspection, and test required 
by subparts L and M of this part must be retained for at least 5 years 
or until the next patrol, survey, inspection, or test is completed, 
whichever is longer.

[Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28786, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.711   Transmission lines: General requirements for repair procedures.

    (a) Each operator shall take immediate temporary measures to protect 
the public whenever:
    (1) A leak, imperfection, or damage that impairs its serviceability 
is found in a segment of steel transmission line operating at or above 
40 percent of the SMYS; and
    (2) It is not feasible to make a permanent repair at the time of 
discovery.

As soon as feasible, the operator shall make permanent repairs.

[[Page 78]]

    (b) Except as provided in Sec. 192.717(a)(3), no operator may use a 
welded patch as a means of repair.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-27B, 45 FR 3272, 
Jan. 17, 1980]



Sec. 192.713   Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of imperfections and damages.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
imperfection or damage that impairs the serviceability of a segment of 
steel transmission line operating at or above 40 percent of SMYS must be 
repaired as follows:
    (1) If it is feasible to take the segment out of service, the 
imperfection or damage must be removed by cutting out a cylindrical 
piece of pipe and replacing it with pipe of similar or greater design 
strength.
    (2) If it is not feasible to take the segment out of service, a full 
encirclement welded split sleeve of appropriate design must be applied 
over the imperfection or damage.
    (3) If the segment is not taken out of service, the operating 
pressure must be reduced to a safe level during the repair operations.
    (b) Submerged offshore pipelines and submerged pipelines in inland 
navigable waters may be repaired by mechanically applying a full 
encirclement split sleeve of appropriate design over the imperfection or 
damage.

[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34607, Aug. 16, 1976]



Sec. 192.715   Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of welds.

    Each weld that is unacceptable under Sec. 192.241(c) must be 
repaired as follows:
    (a) If it is feasible to take the segment of transmission line out 
of service, the weld must be repaired in accordance with the applicable 
requirements of Sec. 192.245.
    (b) A weld may be repaired in accordance with Sec. 192.245 while the 
segment of transmission line is in service if:
    (1) The weld is not leaking;
    (2) The pressure in the segment is reduced so that it does not 
produce a stress that is more than 20 percent of the SMYS of the pipe; 
and
    (3) Grinding of the defective area can be limited so that at least 
\1/8\-inch thickness in the pipe weld remains.
    (c) A defective weld which cannot be repaired in accordance with 
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section must be repaired by installing a 
full encirclement welded split sleeve of appropriate design.



Sec. 192.717   Transmission lines: Permanent field repair of leaks.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
permanent field repair of a leak on a transmission line must be made as 
follows:
    (1) If feasible, the segment of transmission line must be taken out 
of service and repaired by cutting out a cylindrical piece of pipe and 
replacing it with pipe of similar or greater design strength.
    (2) If it is not feasible to take the segment of transmission line 
out of service, repairs must be made by installing a full encirclement 
welded split sleeve of appropriate design, unless the transmission line:
    (i) Is joined by mechanical couplings; and
    (ii) Operates at less than 40 percent of SMYS.
    (3) If the leak is due to a corrosion pit, the repair may be made by 
installing a properly designed bolt-on-leak clamp; or, if the leak is 
due to a corrosion pit and on pipe of not more than 40,000 psi SMYS, the 
repair may be made by fillet welding over the pitted area a steel plate 
patch with rounded corners, of the same or greater thickness than the 
pipe, and not more than one-half of the diameter of the pipe in size.
    (b) Submerged offshore pipelines and submerged pipelines in inland 
navigable waters may be repaired by mechanically applying a full 
encirclement split sleeve of appropriate design over the leak.

[Amdt. 192-27, 41 FR 34607, Aug. 16, 1976]



Sec. 192.719   Transmission lines: Testing of repairs.

    (a) Testing of replacement pipe. If a segment of transmission line 
is repaired by cutting out the damaged portion of the pipe as a 
cylinder, the replacement pipe must be tested to the pressure required 
for a new line installed in the same location. This test

[[Page 79]]

may be made on the pipe before it is installed.
    (b) Testing of repairs made by welding. Each repair made by welding 
in accordance with Secs. 192.713, 192.715, and 192.717 must be examined 
in accordance with Sec. 192.241.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-54, 51 FR 41635, 
Nov. 18, 1986]



Sec. 192.721   Distribution systems: Patrolling.

    (a) The frequency of patrolling mains must be determined by the 
severity of the conditions which could cause failure or leakage, and the 
consequent hazards to public safety.
    (b) Mains in places or on structures where anticipated physical 
movement or external loading could cause failure or leakage must be 
patrolled--
    (1) In business districts, at intervals not exceeding 4\1/2\ months, 
but at least four times each calendar year; and
    (2) Outside business districts, at intervals not exceeding 7\1/2\ 
months, but at least twice each calendar year.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, 
Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-78, 61 FR 28786, June 6, 1996]



Sec. 192.723  Distribution systems: Leakage surveys.

    (a) Each operator of a distribution system shall conduct periodic 
leakage surveys in accordance with this section.
    (b) The type and scope of the leakage control program must be 
determined by the nature of the operations and the local conditions, but 
it must meet the following minimum requirements:
    (1) A leakage survey with leak detector equipment must be conducted 
in business districts, including tests of the atmosphere in gas, 
electric, telephone, sewer, and water system manholes, at cracks in 
pavement and sidewalks, and at other locations providing an opportunity 
for finding gas leaks, at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at 
least once each calendar year.
    (2) A leakage survey with leak detector equipment must be conducted 
outside business districts as frequently as necessary, but at intervals 
not exceeding 5 years. However, for cathodically unprotected 
distribution lines subject to Sec. 192.465(e) on which electrical 
surveys for corrosion are impractical, survey intervals may not exceed 3 
years.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, 
Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-70, 58 FR 54528, 54529, Oct. 22, 1993; Amdt. 
192-71, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, 1994]



Sec. 192.725   Test requirements for reinstating service lines.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
disconnected service line must be tested in the same manner as a new 
service line, before being reinstated.
    (b) Each service line temporarily disconnected from the main must be 
tested from the point of disconnection to the service line valve in the 
same manner as a new service line, before reconnecting. However, if 
provisions are made to maintain continuous service, such as by 
installation of a bypass, any part of the original service line used to 
maintain continuous service need not be tested.



Sec. 192.727  Abandonment or deactivation of facilities.

    (a) Each operator shall conduct abandonment or deactivation of 
pipelines in accordance with the requirements of this section.
    (b) Each pipeline abandoned in place must be disconnected from all 
sources and supplies of gas; purged of gas; in the case of offshore 
pipelines, filled with water or inert materials; and sealed at the ends. 
However, the pipeline need not be purged when the volume of gas is so 
small that there is no potential hazard.
    (c) Except for service lines, each inactive pipeline that is not 
being maintained under this part must be disconnected from all sources 
and supplies of gas; purged of gas; in the case of offshore pipelines, 
filled with water or inert materials; and sealed at the ends. However, 
the pipeline need not be purged when the volume of gas is so small that 
there is no potential hazard.
    (d) Whenever service to a customer is discontinued, one of the 
following must be complied with:
    (1) The valve that is closed to prevent the flow of gas to the 
customer must be provided with a locking device or other means designed 
to prevent the opening

[[Page 80]]

of the valve by persons other than those authorized by the operator.
    (2) A mechanical device or fitting that will prevent the flow of gas 
must be installed in the service line or in the meter assembly.
    (3) The customer's piping must be physically disconnected from the 
gas supply and the open pipe ends sealed.
    (e) If air is used for purging, the operator shall insure that a 
combustible mixture is not present after purging.
    (f) Each abandoned vault must be filled with a suitable compacted 
material.

[Amdt. 192-8, 37 FR 20695, Oct. 3, 1972, as amended by Amdt. 192-27, 41 
FR 34607, Aug. 16, 1976; Amdt. 192-71, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, 1994]



Sec. 192.731   Compressor stations: Inspection and testing of relief devices.

    (a) Except for rupture discs, each pressure relieving device in a 
compressor station must be inspected and tested in accordance with 
Secs. 192.739 and 192.743, and must be operated periodically to 
determine that it opens at the correct set pressure.
    (b) Any defective or inadequate equipment found must be promptly 
repaired or replaced.
    (c) Each remote control shutdown device must be inspected and tested 
at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar 
year, to determine that it functions properly.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, 
Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 192.735   Compressor stations: Storage of combustible materials.

    (a) Flammable or combustible materials in quantities beyond those 
required for everyday use, or other than those normally used in 
compressor buildings, must be stored a safe distance from the compressor 
building.
    (b) Aboveground oil or gasoline storage tanks must be protected in 
accordance with National Fire Protection Association Standard No. 30.



Sec. 192.736  Compressor stations: Gas detection.

    (a) Not later than September 16, 1996, each compressor building in a 
compressor station must have a fixed gas detection and alarm system, 
unless the building is--
    (1) Constructed so that at least 50 percent of its upright side area 
is permanently open; or
    (2) Located in an unattended field compressor station of 1,000 
horsepower or less.
    (b) Except when shutdown of the system is necessary for maintenance 
under paragraph (c) of this section, each gas detection and alarm system 
required by this section must--
    (1) Continuously monitor the compressor building for a concentration 
of gas in air of not more than 25 percent of the lower explosive limit; 
and
    (2) If that concentration of gas is detected, warn persons about to 
enter the building and persons inside the building of the danger.
    (c) Each gas detection and alarm system required by this section 
must be maintained to function properly. The maintenance must include 
performance tests.

[58 FR 48464, Sept. 16, 1993]



Sec. 192.739   Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Inspection and testing.

    Each pressure limiting station, relief device (except rupture 
discs), and pressure regulating station and its equipment must be 
subjected at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each 
calendar year, to inspections and tests to determine that it is--
    (a) In good mechanical condition;
    (b) Adequate from the standpoint of capacity and reliability of 
operation for the service in which it is employed;
    (c) Set to function at the correct pressure; and
    (d) Properly installed and protected from dirt, liquids, or other 
conditions that might prevent proper operation.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, 
Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 192.741   Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Telemetering or recording gauges.

    (a) Each distribution system supplied by more than one district 
pressure regulating station must be equipped with telemetering or 
recording pressure gauges to indicate the gas pressure in the district.

[[Page 81]]

    (b) On distribution systems supplied by a single district pressure 
regulating station, the operator shall determine the necessity of 
installing telemetering or recording gauges in the district, taking into 
consideration the number of customers supplied, the operating pressures, 
the capacity of the installation, and other operating conditions.
    (c) If there are indications of abnormally high or low pressure, the 
regulator and the auxiliary equipment must be inspected and the 
necessary measures employed to correct any unsatisfactory operating 
conditions.



Sec. 192.743   Pressure limiting and regulating stations: Testing of relief devices.

    (a) If feasible, pressure relief devices (except rupture discs) must 
be tested in place, at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least 
once each calendar year, to determine that they have enough capacity to 
limit the pressure on the facilities to which they are connected to the 
desired maximum pressure.
    (b) If a test is not feasible, review and calculation of the 
required capacity of the relieving device at each station must be made 
at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar 
year, and these required capacities compared with the rated or 
experimentally determined relieving capacity of the device for the 
operating conditions under which it works. After the initial 
calculations, subsequent calculations are not required if the review 
documents that parameters have not changed in a manner which would cause 
the capacity to be less than required.
    (c) If the relieving device is of insufficient capacity, a new or 
additional device must be installed to provide the additional capacity 
required.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, 
Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 192-55, 51 FR 41634, Nov. 18, 1986]



Sec. 192.745   Valve maintenance: Transmission lines.

    Each transmission line valve that might be required during any 
emergency must be inspected and partially operated at intervals not 
exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 192.747   Valve maintenance: Distribution systems.

    Each valve, the use of which may be necessary for the safe operation 
of a distribution system, must be checked and serviced at intervals not 
exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year.

[Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 192.749   Vault maintenance.

    (a) Each vault housing pressure regulating and pressure limiting 
equipment, and having a volumetric internal content of 200 cubic feet or 
more, must be inspected at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at 
least once each calendar year, to determine that it is in good physical 
condition and adequately ventilated.
    (b) If gas is found in the vault, the equipment in the vault must be 
inspected for leaks, and any leaks found must be repaired.
    (c) The ventilating equipment must also be inspected to determine 
that it is functioning properly.
    (d) Each vault cover must be inspected to assure that it does not 
present a hazard to public safety.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-43, 47 FR 46851, 
Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 192.751   Prevention of accidental ignition.

    Each operator shall take steps to minimize the danger of accidental 
ignition of gas in any structure or area where the presence of gas 
constitutes a hazard of fire or explosion, including the following:
    (a) When a hazardous amount of gas is being vented into open air, 
each potential source of ignition must be removed from the area and a 
fire extinguisher must be provided.
    (b) Gas or electric welding or cutting may not be performed on pipe 
or on pipe components that contain a combustible mixture of gas and air 
in the area of work.
    (c) Post warning signs, where appropriate.

[[Page 82]]



Sec. 192.753   Caulked bell and spigot joints.

    (a) Each cast-iron caulked bell and spigot joint that is subject to 
pressures of 25 p.s.i.g. or more must be sealed with:
    (1) A mechanical leak clamp; or
    (2) A material or device which:
    (i) Does not reduce the flexibility of the joint;
    (ii) Permanently bonds, either chemically or mechanically, or both, 
with the bell and spigot metal surfaces or adjacent pipe metal surfaces; 
and
    (iii) Seals and bonds in a manner that meets the strength, 
environmental, and chemical compatibility requirements of Secs. 192.53 
(a) and (b) and 192.143.
    (b) Each cast iron caulked bell and spigot joint that is subject to 
pressures of less than 25 p.s.i.g. and is exposed for any reason, must 
be sealed by a means other than caulking.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 192-25, 41 FR 23680, 
June 11, 1976]



Sec. 192.755   Protecting cast-iron pipelines.

    When an operator has knowledge that the support for a segment of a 
buried cast-iron pipeline is disturbed:
    (a) That segment of the pipeline must be protected, as necessary, 
against damage during the disturbance by:
    (1) Vibrations from heavy construction equipment, trains, trucks, 
buses, or blasting;
    (2) Impact forces by vehicles;
    (3) Earth movement;
    (4) Apparent future excavations near the pipeline; or
    (5) Other foreseeable outside forces which may subject that segment 
of the pipeline to bending stress.
    (b) As soon as feasible, appropriate steps must be taken to provide 
permanent protection for the disturbed segment from damage that might 
result from external loads, including compliance with applicable 
requirements of Secs. 192.317(a), 192.319, and 192.361(b)-(d).

[Amdt. 192-23, 41 FR 13589, Mar. 31, 1976]

            Appendix A to Part 192--Incorporated by Reference

                 I. List of Organizations and Addresses

    A. American Gas Association (AGA), 1515 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, 
VA 22209.
    B. American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 11 West 42nd 
Street, New York, NY 10036.
    C. American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street, NW., 
Washington, DC 20005.
    D. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), United 
Engineering Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.
    E. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr 
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
    F. Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings 
Industry, Inc. (MSS), 127 Park Street, NW., Vienna, VA 22180.
    G. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, 
P.O. 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.

II. Documents Incorporated by Reference (Numbers in Parentheses Indicate 
                          Applicable Editions)

    A. American Gas Association (AGA):
    (1). AGA Pipeline Research Committee, Project PR-3-805, ``A Modified 
Criterion for Evaluating the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipe'' 
(December 22, 1989).
    B. American Petroleum Institute (API):
    (1) API Specification 5L ``Specification for Line Pipe (41st 
edition, 1995).
    (2). API Recommended Practice 5L1 ``Recommended Practice for 
Railroad Transportation of Line Pipe'' (4th edition, 1990).
    (3) API Specification 6D ``Specification for Pipeline Valves (Gate, 
Plug, Ball, and Check Valves)'' (21st edition, 1994).
    (4) API Standard 1104 ``Welding of Pipelines and Related 
Facilities'' (18th edition, 1994).
    C. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
    (1) ASTM Designation: A53 ``Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, 
Black and Hot- 
Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless'' (A53-95a).
    (2) ASTM Designation A 106 ``Standard Specification for Seamless 
Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service'' (A 106- 94a).
    (3) ASTM Designation: A 333/A 333M ``Standard Specification for 
Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service'' (A 333/A 
333M-94).
    (4) ASTM Designation: A 372/A 372M ``Standard Specification for 
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels'' (A 
372/A 372M-95).
    (5) ASTM Designation: A 381 ``Standard Specification for Metal-Arc-
Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Transmission Systems (A 
381-93).
    (6) ASTM Designation: A 671 ``Standard Specification for Electric-
Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures'' (A 
671-94).
    (7) ASTM Designation: A 672 ``Standard Specification for Electric-
Fusion-Welded

[[Page 83]]

Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at Moderate Temperatures'' (A 672-
94).
    (8) ASTM Designation A 691 ``Standard Specification for Carbon and 
Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for High- Pressure Service at 
High Temperatures'' (A 691-93).
    (9) ASTM Designation D 638 ``Standard Test Method for Tensile 
Properties of Plastics'' (D 638-95).
    (10) ASTM Designation D 2513 ``Standard Specification for 
Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing and Fittings'' (D 2513-87 
edition for Sec. 192.63(a)(1), otherwise D2513-95c).
    (11) ASTM Designation D 2517 ``Standard Specification for Reinforced 
Epoxy Resin Gas Pressure Pipe and Fittings'' (D 2517-94).
    (12) ASTM Designation: F1055 ``Standard Specification for 
Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled 
Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing'' (F1055-95).
    D. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME):
    (1) ASME/ANSI B16.1 ``Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings'' 
(1989).
    (2) ASME/ANSI B16.5 ``Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings'' (1988 with 
October 1988 Errata and ASME/ANSI B16.5a-1992 Addenda).
    (3) ASME/ANSI B31G ``Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength 
of Corroded Pipelines'' (1991).
    (4) ASME/ANSI B31.8 ``Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping 
Systems'' (1995).
    (5) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I ``Power 
Boilers'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    (6) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 
``Pressure Vessels'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    (7) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 2 
``Pressure Vessels: Alternative Rules'' (1995 edition with 1995 
Addenda).
    (8) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX ``Welding and 
Brazing Qualifications'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    E. Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings 
Industry, Inc. (MSS):
    1. MSS SP-44 ``Steel Pipe Line Flanges'' (1991).
    2. [Reserved]
    F. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
    (1) ANSI/NFPA 30 ``Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code'' (1993).
    (2) ANSI/NFPA 58 ``Standard for the Storage and Handling of 
Liquefied Petroleum Gases'' (1995).
    (3) ANSI/NFPA 59 ``Standard for the Storage and Handling of 
Liquefied Petroleum Gases at Utility Gas Plants'' (1995).
    (4) ANSI/NFPA 70 ``National Electrical Code'' (1996).

[58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993, as amended by Amdt. 192-68, 58 FR 45268-
45269, Aug. 27, 1993; Amdt. 192-76, 61 FR 26123, May 24, 1996; Amdt. 
192-78, 61 FR 28786, June 6, 1996; 61 FR 41020, Aug. 7, 1996]

              Appendix B to Part 192--Qualification of Pipe

     I. Listed Pipe Specifications (Numbers in Parentheses Indicate 
                          Applicable Editions)

API 5L--Steel pipe (1995).
ASTM A 53--Steel pipe (1995a).
ASTM A 106--Steel pipe (1994a).
ASTM A 333/A 333M--Steel pipe (1994).
ASTM A 381--Steel pipe (1993).
ASTM A 671--Steel pipe (1994).
ASTM A 672--Steel pipe (1994).
ASTM A 691--Steel pipe (1993).
ASTM D 2513--Thermoplastic pipe and tubing (1995c).
ASTM D 2517--Thermosetting plastic pipe and tubing (1994).

    II. Steel pipe of unknown or unlisted specification.
    A. Bending Properties. For pipe 2 inches or less in diameter, a 
length of pipe must be cold bent through at least 90 degrees around a 
cylindrical mandrel that has a diameter 12 times the diameter of the 
pipe, without developing cracks at any portion and without opening the 
longitudinal weld.
    For pipe more than 2 inches in diameter, the pipe must meet the 
requirements of the flattening tests set forth in ASTM A53, except that 
the number of tests must be at least equal to the minimum required in 
paragraph II-D of this appendix to determine yield strength.
    B. Weldability. A girth weld must be made in the pipe by a welder 
who is qualified under subpart E of this part. The weld must be made 
under the most severe conditions under which welding will be allowed in 
the field and by means of the same procedure that will be used in the 
field. On pipe more than 4 inches in diameter, at least one test weld 
must be made for each 100 lengths of pipe. On pipe 4 inches or less in 
diameter, at least one test weld must be made for each 400 lengths of 
pipe. The weld must be tested in accordance with API Standard 1104. If 
the requirements of API Standard 1104 cannot be met, weldability may be 
established by making chemical tests for carbon and manganese, and 
proceeding in accordance with section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure 
Vessel Code. The same number of chemical tests must be made as are 
required for testing a girth weld.
    C. Inspection. The pipe must be clean enough to permit adequate 
inspection. It must be visually inspected to ensure that it

[[Page 84]]

is reasonably round and straight and there are no defects which might 
impair the strength or tightness of the pipe.
    D. Tensile Properties. If the tensile properties of the pipe are not 
known, the minimum yield strength may be taken as 24,000 p.s.i. or less, 
or the tensile properties may be established by performing tensile tests 
as set forth in API Specification 5L. All test specimens shall be 
selected at random and the following number of tests must be performed:

                   Number of Tensile Tests--All Sizes                   
                                                                        
                                                                        
10 lengths or less........................  1 set of tests for each     
                                             length.                    
11 to 100 lengths.........................  1 set of tests for each 5   
                                             lengths, but not less than 
                                             10 tests.                  
Over 100 lengths..........................  1 set of tests for each 10  
                                             lengths, but not less than 
                                             20 tests.                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------

If the yield-tensile ratio, based on the properties determined by those 
tests, exceeds 0.85, the pipe may be used only as provided in 
Sec. 192.55(c).
    III. Steel pipe manufactured before November 12, 1970, to earlier 
editions of listed specifications. Steel pipe manufactured before 
November 12, 1970, in accordance with a specification of which a later 
edition is listed in section I of this appendix, is qualified for use 
under this part if the following requirements are met:
    A. Inspection. The pipe must be clean enough to permit adequate 
inspection. It must be visually inspected to ensure that it is 
reasonably round and straight and that there are no defects which might 
impair the strength or tightness of the pipe.
    B. Similarity of specification requirements. The edition of the 
listed specification under which the pipe was manufactured must have 
substantially the same requirements with respect to the following 
properties as a later edition of that specification listed in section I 
of this appendix:
    (1) Physical (mechanical) properties of pipe, including yield and 
tensile strength, elongation, and yield to tensile ratio, and testing 
requirements to verify those properties.
    (2) Chemical properties of pipe and testing requirements to verify 
those properties.
    C. Inspection or test of welded pipe. On pipe with welded seams, one 
of the following requirements must be met:
    (1) The edition of the listed specification to which the pipe was 
manufactured must have substantially the same requirements with respect 
to nondestructive inspection of welded seams and the standards for 
acceptance or rejection and repair as a later edition of the 
specification listed in section I of this appendix.
    (2) The pipe must be tested in accordance with subpart J of this 
part to at least 1.25 times the maximum allowable operating pressure if 
it is to be installed in a class 1 location and to at least 1.5 times 
the maximum allowable operating pressure if it is to be installed in a 
class 2, 3, or 4 location. Notwithstanding any shorter time period 
permitted under subpart J of this part, the test pressure must be 
maintained for at least 8 hours.

[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970]

    Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting appendix B 
of part 192, see the List of CFR Sections Affected in the Finding Aids 
section of this volume.

 Appendix C to Part 192--Qualification of Welders for Low Stress Level 
                                  Pipe

    I. Basic test. The test is made on pipe 12 inches or less in 
diameter. The test weld must be made with the pipe in a horizontal fixed 
position so that the test weld includes at least one section of overhead 
position welding. The beveling, root opening, and other details must 
conform to the specifications of the procedure under which the welder is 
being qualified. Upon completion, the test weld is cut into four coupons 
and subjected to a root bend test. If, as a result of this test, two or 
more of the four coupons develop a crack in the weld material, or 
between the weld material and base metal, that is more than \1/8\-inch 
long in any direction, the weld is unacceptable. Cracks that occur on 
the corner of the specimen during testing are not considered.
    II. Additional tests for welders of service line connections to 
mains. A service line connection fitting is welded to a pipe section 
with the same diameter as a typical main. The weld is made in the same 
position as it is made in the field. The weld is unacceptable if it 
shows a serious undercutting or if it has rolled edges. The weld is 
tested by attempting to break the fitting off the run pipe. The weld is 
unacceptable if it breaks and shows incomplete fusion, overlap, or poor 
penetration at the junction of the fitting and run pipe.
    III. Periodic tests for welders of small service lines. Two samples 
of the welder's work, each about 8 inches long with the weld located 
approximately in the center, are cut from steel service line and tested 
as follows:
    (1) One sample is centered in a guided bend testing machine and bent 
to the contour of the die for a distance of 2 inches on each side of the 
weld. If the sample shows any breaks or cracks after removal from the 
bending machine, it is unacceptable.
    (2) The ends of the second sample are flattened and the entire joint 
subjected to a tensile strength test. If failure occurs adjacent to or 
in the weld metal, the weld is unacceptable. If a tensile strength 
testing machine is not available, this sample must also pass the

[[Page 85]]

bending test prescribed in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph.

      Appendix D to Part 192--Criteria for Cathodic Protection and 
                      Determination of Measurements

    I. Criteria for cathodic protection--A. Steel, cast iron, and 
ductile iron structures. (1) A negative (cathodic) voltage of at least 
0.85 volt, with reference to a saturated copper-copper sulfate half 
cell. Determination of this voltage must be made with the protective 
current applied, and in accordance with sections II and IV of this 
appendix.
    (2) A negative (cathodic) voltage shift of at least 300 millivolts. 
Determination of this voltage shift must be made with the protective 
current applied, and in accordance with sections II and IV of this 
appendix. This criterion of voltage shift applies to structures not in 
contact with metals of different anodic potentials.
    (3) A minimum negative (cathodic) polarization voltage shift of 100 
millivolts. This polarization voltage shift must be determined in 
accordance with sections III and IV of this appendix.
    (4) A voltage at least as negative (cathodic) as that originally 
established at the beginning of the Tafel segment of the E-log-I curve. 
This voltage must be measured in accordance with section IV of this 
appendix.
    (5) A net protective current from the electrolyte into the structure 
surface as measured by an earth current technique applied at 
predetermined current discharge (anodic) points of the structure.
    B. Aluminum structures. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (3) and 
(4) of this paragraph, a minimum negative (cathodic) voltage shift of 
150 millivolts, produced by the application of protective current. The 
voltage shift must be determined in accordance with sections II and IV 
of this appendix.
    (2) Except as provided in paragraphs (3) and (4) of this paragraph, 
a minimum negative (cathodic) polarization voltage shift of 100 
millivolts. This polarization voltage shift must be determined in 
accordance with sections III and IV of this appendix.
    (3) Notwithstanding the alternative minimum criteria in paragraphs 
(1) and (2) of this paragraph, aluminum, if cathodically protected at 
voltages in excess of 1.20 volts as measured with reference to a copper-
copper sulfate half cell, in accordance with section IV of this 
appendix, and compensated for the voltage (IR) drops other than those 
across the structure-electrolyte boundary may suffer corrosion resulting 
from the build-up of alkali on the metal surface. A voltage in excess of 
1.20 volts may not be used unless previous test results indicate no 
appreciable corrosion will occur in the particular environment.
    (4) Since aluminum may suffer from corrosion under high pH 
conditions, and since application of cathodic protection tends to 
increase the pH at the metal surface, careful investigation or testing 
must be made before applying cathodic protection to stop pitting attack 
on aluminum structures in environments with a natural pH in excess of 8.
    C. Copper structures. A minimum negative (cathodic) polarization 
voltage shift of 100 millivolts. This polarization voltage shift must be 
determined in accordance with sections III and IV of this appendix.
    D. Metals of different anodic potentials. A negative (cathodic) 
voltage, measured in accordance with section IV of this appendix, equal 
to that required for the most anodic metal in the system must be 
maintained. If amphoteric structures are involved that could be damaged 
by high alkalinity covered by paragraphs (3) and (4) of paragraph B of 
this section, they must be electrically isolated with insulating 
flanges, or the equivalent.
    II. Interpretation of voltage measurement. Voltage (IR) drops other 
than those across the structure-electrolyte boundary must be considered 
for valid interpretation of the voltage measurement in paragraphs A(1) 
and (2) and paragraph B(1) of section I of this appendix.
    III. Determination of polarization voltage shift. The polarization 
voltage shift must be determined by interrupting the protective current 
and measuring the polarization decay. When the current is initially 
interrupted, an immediate voltage shift occurs. The voltage reading 
after the immediate shift must be used as the base reading from which to 
measure polarization decay in paragraphs A(3), B(2), and C of section I 
of this appendix.
    IV. Reference half cells. A. Except as provided in paragraphs B and 
C of this section, negative (cathodic) voltage must be measured between 
the structure surface and a saturated copper-copper sulfate half cell 
contacting the electrolyte.
    B. Other standard reference half cells may be substituted for the 
saturated cooper-copper sulfate half cell. Two commonly used reference 
half cells are listed below along with their voltage equivalent to -0.85 
volt as referred to a saturated copper-copper sulfate half cell:
    (1) Saturated KCl calomel half cell: -0.78 volt.
    (2) Silver-silver chloride half cell used in sea water: -0.80 volt.
    C. In addition to the standard reference half cells, an alternate 
metallic material or structure may be used in place of the saturated 
copper-copper sulfate half cell if its potential stability is assured 
and if its voltage

[[Page 86]]

equivalent referred to a saturated copper-copper sulfate half cell is 
established.

[Amdt. 192-4, 36 FR 12305, June 30, 1971]



PART 193--LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS FACILITIES: FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
193.2001  Scope of part.
193.2003  Semisolid facilities.
193.2005  Applicability.
193.2007  Definitions.
193.2009  Rules of regulatory construction.
193.2011  Reporting.
193.2013  Incorporation by reference.
193.2015  [Reserved]
193.2017  Plans and procedures.

                     Subpart B--Siting Requirements

193.2051  Scope.
193.2055  General.
193.2057  Thermal radiation protection.
193.2059  Flammable vapor-gas dispersion protection.
193.2061  Seismic investigation and design forces.
193.2063  Flooding.
193.2065  Soil characteristics.
193.2067  Wind forces.
193.2069  Other severe weather and natural conditions.
193.2071  Adjacent activities.
193.2073  Separation of facilities.

                            Subpart C--Design

193.2101  Scope.

                                Materials

193.2103  General.
193.2105  Extreme temperatures; normal operations.
193.2107  Extreme temperatures: emergency conditions.
193.2109  Insulation.
193.2111  Cold boxes.
193.2113  Piping.
193.2115  Concrete subject to cryogenic temperatures.
193.2117  Combustible materials.
193.2119  Records.

                   Design of Components and Buildings

193.2121  General.
193.2123  Valves.
193.2125  Automatic shutoff valves.
193.2127  Piping.
193.2129  Piping attachments and supports.
193.2131  Building design.
193.2133  Buildings: ventilation.
193.2135  Expansion or contraction.
193.2137  Frost heave.
193.2139  Ice and snow.
193.2141  Electrical systems.
193.2143  Lightning.
193.2145  Boilers and pressure vessels.
193.2147  Combustion engines and turbines.

                     Impoundment Design and Capacity

193.2149  Impoundment required.
193.2151  General design characteristics.
193.2153  Classes of impounding systems.
193.2155  Structural requirements.
193.2157  Coatings and coverings.
193.2159  Floors.
193.2161  Dikes, general.
193.2163  Vapor barriers.
193.2165  Dike dimensions.
193.2167  Covered systems.
193.2169  Gas leak detection.
193.2171  Sump basins.
193.2173  Water removal.
193.2175  Shared impoundment.
193.2179  Impoundment capacity: general.
193.2181  Impoundment capacity: LNG storage tanks.
193.2183  Impoundment capacity: equipment and transfer systems.
193.2185  Impoundment capacity: parking areas, portable containers.

                            LNG Storage Tanks

193.2187  General.
193.2189  Loading forces.
193.2191  Stratification.
193.2193  Movement and stress.
193.2195  Penetrations.
193.2197  Internal design pressure.
193.2199  External design pressure.
193.2201  Internal temperature.
193.2203  Foundation.
193.2205  Frost heave.
193.2207  Insulation.
193.2209  Instrumentation for LNG storage tanks.
193.2211  Metal storage tanks.
193.2213  Concrete storage tanks.
193.2215  Thermal barriers.
193.2217  Support system.
193.2219  Internal piping.
193.2221  Marking.

                       Design of Transfer Systems

193.2223  General.
193.2227  Backflow.
193.2229  Cargo transfer systems.
193.2231  Cargo transfer area.
193.2233  Shutoff valves.

                         Subpart D--Construction

193.2301  Scope.
193.2303  Construction acceptance.
193.2304  Corrosion control overview.
193.2305  Procedures.
193.2307  Inspection.
193.2309  Inspection and testing methods.

[[Page 87]]

193.2311  Cleanup.
193.2313  Pipe welding.
193.2315  Piping connections.
193.2317  Retesting.
193.2319  Strength tests.
193.2321  Nondestructive tests.
193.2323  Leak tests.
193.2325  Testing control systems.
193.2327  Storage tank tests.
193.2329  Construction records.

                          Subpart E--Equipment

193.2401  Scope.

                         Vaporization Equipment

193.2403  General.
193.2405  Vaporizer design.
193.2407  Operational control.
193.2409  Shutoff valves.
193.2411  Relief devices.
193.2413  Combustion air intakes.

                         Liquefaction Equipment

193.2415  General.
193.2417  Control of incoming gas.
193.2419  Backflow.
193.2421  Cold boxes.
193.2423  Air in gas.

                             Control Systems

193.2427  General.
193.2429  Relief devices.
193.2431  Vents.
193.2433  Sensing devices.  
193.2435  Warning devices.
193.2437  Pump and compressor control.
193.2439  Emergency shutdown control systems.
193.2441  Control center.
193.2443  Fail-safe control.
193.2445  Sources of power.

                          Subpart F--Operations

193.2501  Scope.
193.2503  Operating procedures.
193.2505  Cooldown.
193.2507  Monitoring operations.
193.2509  Emergency procedures.
193.2511  Personnel safety.
193.2513  Transfer procedures.
193.2515  Investigations of failures.
193.2517  Purging.
193.2519  Communication systems.
193.2521  Operating records.

                         Subpart G--Maintenance

193.2601  Scope.
193.2603  General.
193.2605  Maintenance procedures.
193.2607  Foreign material.
193.2609  Support systems.
193.2611  Fire protection.
193.2613  Auxiliary power sources.
193.2615  Isolating and purging.
193.2617  Repairs.
193.2619  Control systems.
193.2621  Testing transfer hoses.
193.2623  Inspecting LNG storage tanks.
193.2625  Corrosion protection.
193.2627  Atmospheric corrosion control.
193.2629  External corrosion control: buried or submerged components.
193.2631  Internal corrosion control.
193.2633  Interference currents.
193.2635  Monitoring corrosion control.
193.2637  Remedial measures.
193.2639  Maintenance records.

            Subpart H--Personnel Qualifications and Training

193.2701  Scope.
193.2703  Design and fabrication.
193.2705  Construction, installation, inspection, and testing.
193.2707  Operations and maintenance.
193.2709  Security.
193.2711  Personnel health.
193.2713  Training: operations and maintenance.
193.2715  Training: security.
193.2717  Training: fire protection.
193.2719  Training: records.

                       Subpart I--Fire Protection

193.2801  Scope.
193.2803  General.
193.2805  Fire prevention plan.
193.2807  Smoking.
193.2809  Open fires.
193.2811  Hotwork.
193.2813  Storage of flammable fluids.
193.2815  Motorized equipment.
193.2817  Fire equipment.
193.2819  Gas detection.
193.2821  Fire detection.

                           Subpart J--Security

193.2901  Scope.
193.2903  Security procedures.
193.2905  Protective enclosures.
193.2907  Protective enclosure construction.
193.2909  Security communications.
193.2911  Security lighting.
193.2913  Security monitoring.
193.2915  Alternative power sources.
193.2917  Warning signs.

Appendix A to Part 193--Incorporation by Reference

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5103, 60102, 60103, 60104, 60108, 60109, 60110, 
60113, 60118; and 49 CFR 1.53.

    Source: 45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, unless otherwise noted.

[[Page 88]]



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 193.2001  Scope of part.

    (a) This part prescribes safety standards for LNG facilities used in 
the transportation of gas by pipeline that is subject to the pipeline 
safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.) and Part 192 of this chapter.
    (b) This part does not apply to:
    (1) LNG facilities used by ultimate consumers of LNG or natural gas.
    (2) LNG facilities used in the course of natural gas treatment or 
hydrocarbon extraction which do not store LNG.
    (3) In the case of a marine cargo transfer system and associated 
facilities, any matter other than siting pertaining to the system or 
facilities between the marine vessel and the last manifold (or in the 
absence of a manifold, the last valve) located immediately before a 
storage tank.
    (4) Any LNG facility located in navigable waters (as defined in 
Section 3(8) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(8)).

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57418, Aug. 
28, 1980; Amdt. 193-10, 61 FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 193.2003  Semisolid facilities.

    An LNG facility used in the transportation or storage of LNG in a 
semisolid state need not comply with any requirement of this part which 
the Director finds impractical or unnecessary because of the semisolid 
state of LNG. In making such a finding, the Director may impose 
appropriate alternative safety conditions.



Sec. 193.2005  Applicability.

    (a) New or amended standards in this part governing the siting, 
design, installation, or construction of an LNG facility and related 
personnel qualifications and training do not apply to:
    (1) LNG facilities under construction before the date such standards 
are published; or
    (2) LNG facilities for which an application for approval of the 
siting, construction, or operation was filed before March 1, 1978, with 
the Department of Energy (or any predecessor organization of that 
Department) or the appropriate State or local agency in the case of any 
facility not subject to the jurisdiction of the Department of Energy 
under the Natural Gas Act (not including any facility the construction 
of which began after November 29, 1979, not pursuant to such an 
approval).
    (b) If an LNG facility listed in paragraph (a) of this section is 
replaced, relocated, or significantly altered after February 11, 1980, 
the replacement, relocated facility, or significantly altered facility 
must comply with the applicable requirements of this part governing 
siting, design, installation, and construction, except that:
    (1) The siting requirements apply only to LNG storage tanks that are 
significantly altered by increasing the original storage capacity or 
relocated, not pursuant to an application for approval filed as provided 
by paragraph (a)(2) of this section before March 1, 1978; and
    (2) To the extent compliance with the design, installation, and 
construction requirements would make the replaced, relocated, or altered 
facility incompatible with other facilities or would otherwise be 
impracticable, the replaced, relocated, or significantly altered 
facility may be designed, installed, or constructed in accordance with 
the original specifications for the facility, or in a manner that the 
Director finds acceptable.
    (c) The siting, design, installation, and construction of an LNG 
facility under construction before February 11, 1980, or that is listed 
in paragraph (a)(2) of this section (except a facility under 
construction before July 1, 1976) must meet the applicable requirements 
of ANSI/NFPA 59A (1972 edition) and part 192 of this chapter or the 
applicable requirements of this part, except that no part 192 standard 
issued after March 1, 1978, applies to an LNG facility listed in 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57418, Aug. 
28, 1980; Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70404, Oct. 23, 1980; 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 
1993]



Sec. 193.2007  Definitions.

    As used in this part:

[[Page 89]]

    Administrator means the Administrator of the Research and Special 
Programs Administration or any person to whom authority in the matter 
concerned has been delegated by the Secretary of Transportation.
    Ambient vaporizer means a vaporizer which derives heat from 
naturally occurring heat sources, such as the atmosphere, sea water, 
surface waters, or geothermal waters.
    Cargo transfer system means a component, or system of components 
functioning as a unit, used exclusively for transferring hazardous 
fluids in bulk between a tank car, tank truck, or marine vessel and a 
storage tank.
    Component means any part, or system of parts functioning as a unit, 
including, but not limited to, piping, processing equipment, containers, 
control devices, impounding systems, lighting, security devices, fire 
control equipment, and communication equipment, whose integrity or 
reliability is necessary to maintain safety in controlling, processing, 
or containing a hazardous fluid.
    Container means a component other than piping that contains a 
hazardous fluid.
    Control system means a component, or system of components 
functioning as a unit, including control valves and sensing, warning, 
relief, shutdown, and other control devices, which is activated either 
manually or automatically to establish or maintain the performance of 
another component.
    Controllable emergency means an emergency where reasonable and 
prudent action can prevent harm to people or property.
    Design pressure means the pressure used in the design of components 
for the purpose of determining the minimum permissible thickness or 
physical characteristics of its various parts. When applicable, static 
head shall be included in the design pressure to determine the thickness 
of any specific part.
    Determine means make an appropriate investigation using scientific 
methods, reach a decision based on sound engineering judgment, and be 
able to demonstrate the basis of the decision.
    Dike means the perimeter of an impounding space forming a barrier to 
prevent liquid from flowing in an unintended direction.
    Emergency means a deviation from normal operation, a structural 
failure, or severe environmental conditions that probably would cause 
harm to people or property.
    Exclusion zone means an area surrounding an LNG facility in which an 
operator or government agency legally controls all activities in 
accordance with Sec. 193.2057 and Sec. 193.2059 for as long as the 
facility is in operation.
    Fail-safe means a design feature which will maintain or result in a 
safe condition in the event of malfunction or failure of a power supply, 
component, or control device.
    g means the standard acceleration of gravity of 9.806 meters per 
second\2\ (32.17 feet per second\2\).
    Gas, except when designated as inert, means natural gas, other 
flammable gas, or gas which is toxic or corrosive.
    Hazardous fluid means gas or hazardous liquid.
    Hazardous liquid means LNG or a liquid that is flammable or toxic.
    Heated vaporizer means a vaporizer which derives heat from other 
than naturally occurring heat sources.
    Impounding space means a volume of space formed by dikes and floors 
which is designed to confine a spill of hazardous liquid.
    Impounding system includes an impounding space, including dikes and 
floors for conducting the flow of spilled hazardous liquids to an 
impounding space.
    Liquefied natural gas or LNG means natural gas or synthetic gas 
having methane (CH4) as its major constituent which has been 
changed to a liquid or semisolid.
    LNG facility means a pipeline facility that is used for liquefying 
or solidifying natural gas or synthetic gas or transferring, storing, or 
vaporizing liquefied natural gas.
    LNG plant means an LNG facility or system of LNG facilities 
functioning as a unit.
    m3 means a volumetric unit which is one cubic metre, 6.2898 
barrels, 35.3147

[[Page 90]]

ft.3, or 264.1720 U.S. gallons, each volume being considered as 
equal to the other.
    Maximum allowable working pressure means the maximum gage pressure 
permissible at the top of the equipment, containers or pressure vessels 
while operating at design temperature.
    Normal operation means functioning within ranges of pressure, 
temperature, flow, or other operating criteria required by this part.
    Operator means a person who owns or operates an LNG facility.
    Person means any individual, firm, joint venture, partnership, 
corporation, association, state, municipality, cooperative association, 
or joint stock association and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, 
or personal representative thereof.
    Pipeline facility means new and existing piping, rights-of-way, and 
any equipment, facility, or building used in the transportation of gas 
or in the treatment of gas during the course of transportation.
    Piping means pipe, tubing, hoses, fittings, valves, pumps, 
connections, safety devices or related components for containing the 
flow of hazardous fluids.
    Storage tank means a container for storing a hazardous fluid, 
including an underground cavern.
    Transfer piping means a system of permanent and temporary piping 
used for transferring hazardous fluids between any of the following: 
Liquefaction process facilities, storage tanks, vaporizers, compressors, 
cargo transfer systems, and facilities other than pipeline facilities.
    Transfer system includes transfer piping and cargo transfer system.
    Vaporization means an addition of thermal energy changing a liquid 
or semisolid to a vapor or gaseous state.
    Vaporizer means a heat transfer facility designed to introduce 
thermal energy in a controlled manner for changing a liquid or semisolid 
to a vapor or gaseous state.
    Waterfront LNG plant means an LNG plant with docks, wharves, piers, 
or other structures in, on, or immediately adjacent to the navigable 
waters of the United States or Puerto Rico and any shore area 
immediately adjacent to those waters to which vessels may be secured and 
at which LNG cargo operations may be conducted.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57418, Aug. 
28, 1980; Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70404, Oct. 23, 1980; Amdt. 193-10, 61 FR 
18517, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 193.2009  Rules of regulatory construction.

    (a) As used in this part:
    (1) Includes means including but not limited to;
    (2) May means is permitted to or is authorized to;
    (3) May not means is not permitted to or is not authorized to; and
    (4) Shall or must is used in the mandatory and imperative sense.
    (b) In this part:
    (1) Words importing the singular include the plural; and
    (2) Words importing the plural include the singular.



Sec. 193.2011  Reporting.

    Leaks and spills of LNG must be reported in accordance with the 
requirements of part 191 of this chapter.



Sec. 193.2013  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) There are incorporated by reference in this part all materials 
referred to in this part that are not set forth in full. The 
incorporated materials are deemed published under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 
CFR part 51 and are part of this regulation as though set forth in full. 
All incorporated materials are listed in appendix A to this part 193 
with the applicable editions in parentheses following the title of the 
referenced material. Only the latest listed edition applies, except that 
an earlier listed edition may be followed with respect to components 
which are designed, manufactured, or installed in accordance with the 
earlier edition before the latest edition is adopted, unless otherwise 
provided in this part. The incorporated materials are subject to change, 
but any change will be announced by publication in the Federal Register 
before it becomes effective.
    (b) All incorporated materials are available for inspection in the 
Research and Special Programs Administration, 400 Seventh Street, SW., 
Washington, DC, and at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North 
Capitol

[[Page 91]]

Street, NW., suite 700, Washington, DC. These materials have been 
approved for incorporation by reference by the Director of the Federal 
Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. In 
addition, the incorporated materials are available from the respective 
organizations listed in appendix A to this part.
    (c) Incorporated by reference provisions approved by the Director of 
the Federal Register.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70410, Oct. 
23, 1980; 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]
Sec. 193.2015  [Reserved]



Sec. 193.2017  Plans and procedures.

    (a) Each operator shall maintain at each LNG plant the plans and 
procedures required for that plant by this part. The plans and 
procedures must be available upon request for review and inspection by 
the Administrator or any State Agency that has submitted a current 
certification or agreement with respect to the plant under the pipeline 
safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.). In addition, each change to the 
plans or procedures must be available at the LNG plant for review and 
inspection within 20 days after the change is made.
    (b) The Administrator or the State Agency that has submitted a 
current certification under section 5(a) of the Natural Gas Pipeline 
Safety Act with respect to the pipeline facility governed by an 
operator's plans and procedures may, after notice and opportunity for 
hearing as provided in 49 CFR 190.237 or the relevant State procedures, 
require the operator to amend its plans and procedures as necessary to 
provide a reasonable level of safety.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70404, Oct. 23, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-7, 56 
FR 31090, July 9, 1991; Amdt. 193-10, 61 FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996]



                     Subpart B--Siting Requirements



Sec. 193.2051  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes siting requirements for the following LNG 
facilities: Containers and their impounding systems, transfer systems 
and their impounding systems, emergency shutdown control systems, fire 
control systems, and associated foundations, support systems, and normal 
or auxiliary power facilities necessary to maintain safety.

[Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57418, Aug. 28, 1980]



Sec. 193.2055  General.

    An LNG facility must be located at a site of suitable size, 
topography, and configuration so that the facility can be designed to 
minimize the hazards to persons and offsite property resulting from 
leaks and spills of LNG and other hazardous fluids at the site. In 
selecting a site, each operator shall determine all site-related 
characteristics which could jeopardize the integrity and security of the 
facility. A site must provide ease of access so that personnel, 
equipment, and materials from offsite locations can reach the site for 
fire fighting or controlling spill associated hazards or for evacuation 
of personnel.



Sec. 193.2057  Thermal radiation protection.

    (a) Thermal exclusion zone. Each LNG container and LNG transfer 
system must have a thermal exclusion zone in accordance with the 
following:
    (1) Within the thermal exclusion zone, the impounding system may not 
be located closer to targets listed in paragraph (d) of this section 
than the exclusion distance ``d'' determined according to this section, 
unless the target is a pipeline facility of the operator.
    (2) If grading and drainage are used under Sec. 193.2149(b), 
operators must comply with the requirements of this section by assuming 
the space needed for drainage and collection of spilled liquid is an 
impounding system.
    (b) Measurement. The exclusion distance ``d'' is measured along the 
line (PT), as shown in the following impoundment diagram, where the 
following apply:
    (1) T is a point on the target that is closest to (P).
    (2) D is a point closest to (T) on the top inside edge of the 
innermost dike.
    (3) 0.5, where (A) is the 
horizontal area across the impounding space measured at the lowest point 
along the top inside edge of the dike; or
    (ii) A length determined in accordance with a mathematical model 
that meets the criteria of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, using 
appropriate parameters consistent with the time period that a target 
could be subjected to exposure before harm would result.
    (5) PD is a line of length (L) or less, lying at angle O.5, where

    A=the largest horizontal area across the impounding space measured 
at the lowest point along the top inside edge of the dike.
    f=values for targets prescribed in paragraph (d) of this section.

    (2) Determine ``d'' from a mathematical model for thermal radiation 
and other appropriate fire characteristics which assures that the 
incident thermal flux levels in paragraph (d) of this section are not 
exceeded. The model must:
    (i) Use atmospheric conditions which, if applicable, result in 
longer exclusion distances than other atmospheric conditions occurring 
at least 95 percent of the time based on recorded data for the site 
area;
    (ii) Have been evaluated and verified by testing at a scale, 
considering scaling effects, appropriate for the range of application;
    (iii) Have been submitted to the Administrator for approval, with 
supportive data as necessary to demonstrate validity; and
    (iv) Have received approval by the Administrator.
    (d) Limiting values for incident radiant flux on offsite targets. 
The maximum incident radiant flux at an offsite target from burning of a 
total spill in an impounding space must be limited to the distances in 
paragraph (c) of this section using the following values of ``(f)'' or 
``Incident Flux'':

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Incident 
                   Offsite target                       (f)    flux Btu/
                                                               ft.2 hour
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Outdoor areas occupied by 20 or more persons                        
 during normal use, such as beaches, playgrounds,                       
 outdoor theaters, other recreation areas or other                      
 places of public assembly..........................     (3)       1,600
(2) Buildings that are used for residences, or                          
 occupied by 20 or more persons during normal use...   (1.6)       4,000
(3) Buildings made of cellulosic materials or are                       
 not fire resistant or do not provide durable                           
 shielding from thermal radiation that:                                 
  (i) Have exceptional value, or contain objects of                     
   exceptional value based on historic uniqueness                       
   described in Federal, State, or local registers;.                    
  (ii) Contain explosive, flammable, or toxic                           
   materials in hazardous quantities; or............                    
  (iii) Could result in additional hazard if exposed                    
   to high levels of thermal radiation..............   (1.6)       4,000
(4) Structures that are fire resistant and provide                      
 durable shielding from thermal radiation that have                     
 the characteristics described in paragraphs (3)(i)                     
 through (3)(iii) above.............................   (1.1)       6,700
(5) Public streets, highways, and mainlines of                          
 railroads--........................................   (1.1)       6,700
(6) Other structures, or if closer to (P), the right-                   
 of-way line of the facility........................   (0.8)      10,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57418, Aug. 
28, 1980]



Sec. 193.2059  Flammable vapor-gas dispersion protection.

    (a) Dispersion exclusion zone. Except as provided by paragraph (e) 
of this section, each LNG container and LNG transfer system must have a 
dispersion exclusion zone with a boundary described by the minimum 
dispersion distance computed in accordance with this section. The 
following are prohibited in a dispersion exclusion zone unless it is an 
LNG facility of the operator:
    (1) Outdoor areas occupied by 20 or more persons during normal use, 
such as beaches, playgrounds, outdoor theaters, other recreation areas, 
or other places of public assembly.
    (2) Buildings that are:
    (i) Used for residences;
    (ii) Occupied by 20 or more persons during normal use;
    (iii) Contain explosive, flammable, or toxic materials in hazardous 
quantities;
    (iv) Have exceptional value or contain objects of exceptional value 
based on historic uniqueness described in Federal, State, or local 
registers; or
    (v) Could result in additional hazard if exposed to a vapor-gas 
cloud.
    (b) Measuring dispersion distance. The dispersion distance is 
measured radially from the inside edge of an impounding system along the 
ground contour to the exclusion zone boundary.
    (c) Computing dispersion distance. A minimum dispersion distance 
must be computed for the impounding system. If grading and drainage are 
used under Sec. 193.2149(b), operators must comply

[[Page 95]]

with the requirements of this section by assuming the space needed for 
drainage and collection of spilled liquid is an impounding system. 
Dispersion distance must be determined in accordance with the following 
dispersion parameters, using applicable parts of the mathematical model 
in appendix B of the report, ``Evaluation of LNG Vapor Control 
Methods,'' 1974, or a model for vapor dispersion which meets the 
requirements of paragraphs (ii) through (iv) in Sec. 193.2057(c)(2):
    (1) Average gas concentration in air = 2.5 percent.
    (2) Dispersion conditions are a combination of those which result in 
longer predicted downwind dispersion distances than other weather 
conditions at the site at least 90 percent of the time, based on U.S. 
Government weather data, or as an alternative where the model used gives 
longer distances at lower wind speeds, Category F atmosphere, wind speed 
= 4.5 miles per hour, relative humidity equals 50.0 percent, and 
atmospheric temperatures = 0.0 C.
    (3) Dispersion coordinates y, z, and H, where applicable, = 0.
    (d) Vaporization design rate. In computing dispersion distance under 
paragraph (c) of this section, the following applies:
    (1) Vaporization results from the spill caused by an assumed rupture 
of a single transfer pipe (or multiple pipes that lack provisions to 
prevent parallel flow) which has the greatest overall flow capacity, 
discharging at maximum potential capacity, in accordance with the 
following conditions:
    (i) The rate of vaporization is not less than the sum of flash 
vaporization and vaporization from boiling by heat transfer from contact 
surfaces during the time necessary for spill detection, instrument 
response, and automatic shutdown by the emergency shutdown system but, 
not less than 10 minutes, plus, in the case of impounding systems for 
LNG storage tanks with side or bottom penetrations, the time necessary 
for the liquid level in the tank to reach the level of the penetration 
or equilibrate with the liquid impounded assuming failure of the 
internal shutoff valve.
    (ii) In determining variations in vaporization rate due to surface 
contact, the time necessary to wet 100 percent of the impounding floor 
area shall be determined by equation C-9 in the report ``Evaluation of 
LNG Vapor Control Methods,'' 1974, or an alternate model which meets the 
requirements of paragraphs (ii) through (iv) in Sec. 193.2057(c)(2).
    (iii) After spill flow is terminated, the rate of vaporization is 
vaporization of the remaining spillage, if any, from boiling by heat 
transfer from contact surfaces that are reducing in area and temperature 
as a function of time.
    (iv) Vapor detention space is all space provided for liquid 
impoundment and vapor detention outside the component served, less the 
volume occupied by the spilled liquid at the time the vapor escapes the 
vapor detention space.
    (2) The boiling rate of LNG on which dispersion distance is based is 
determined using the weighted average value of the thermal properties of 
the contact surfaces in the impounding space determined from eight 
representative experimental tests on the materials involved. If surfaces 
are insulated, the insulation must be designed, installed, and 
maintained so that it will retain its performance characteristics under 
spill conditions.
    (e) Planned vapor control. An LNG facility need not have a 
dispersion exclusion zone if the Administrator finds that compliance 
with paragraph (a) of this section would be impractical and the operator 
prepares and follows a plan for controlling LNG vapor that is found 
acceptable by the Administrator. The plan must include circumstances 
under which LNG vapor is controlled to preclude the dispersion of a 
flammable mixture from the LNG facility under all predictable 
environmental conditions that could adversely affect control. The 
reliability of the method of control must be demonstrated by testing or 
experience with LNG spills.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57418, Aug. 
28, 1980]



Sec. 193.2061  Seismic investigation and design forces.

    (a) Except for shop fabricated storage tanks of 70,000 gallons or 
less capacity mounted within 2 feet of the ground, if an LNG facility is 
located at a site in

[[Page 96]]

Zone 0 or 1 of the ``Seismic Risk Map of the United States,'' UBC, each 
operator shall determine, based on a study of faults, hydrologic regime, 
and soil conditions, whether a potential exists at the site for surface 
faulting or soil liquefaction.
    (b) Subject to paragraph (f) of this section, LNG facilities must be 
designed and built to withstand, without loss of structural or 
functional integrity, the following seismic design forces, as 
applicable:
    (1) For LNG facilities (other than shop fabricated storage tanks of 
70,000 gallons or less capacity mounted within 2 feet of the ground) 
located at a site in Puerto Rico in Zone 2, 3, or 4 of the ``Seismic 
Risk Map of the United States,'' or at a site determined under paragraph 
(a) of this section to have a potential for surface faulting or soil 
liquefaction, the forces that could reasonably be expected to occur at 
the foundation of the facility due to the most critical ground motion, 
motion amplification, permanent differential ground displacement, soil 
liquefaction, and symmetric and asymmetric reaction forces resulting 
from hydrodynamic pressure and motion of contained liquid in interaction 
with the facility structure.
    (2) For all other LNG facilities, the total lateral force set forth 
in UBC, Volume 1, corresponding to the zone of the ``Seismic Risk Map of 
the United States'' in which the facility is located, and a vertical 
force equal to the total lateral force.
    (c) Each operator of an LNG facility to which paragraph (b)(1) of 
this section applies shall determine the seismic design forces on the 
basis of a detailed geotechnical investigation and in accordance with 
paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. The investigation must include 
each of the following items that could reasonably be expected to affect 
the site and be sufficient in scope to identify all hazards that could 
reasonably be expected to affect the facility design:
    (1) Identification and evaluation of faults, Quaternary activity of 
those faults, tectonic structures, static and dynamic properties of 
materials underlying the site, and, as applicable, tectonic provinces 
within 100 miles of the site;
    (2) Identification and evaluation of all historically reported 
earthquakes which could affect the determination under this section of 
the most critical ground motion or differential displacement at the site 
when correlated with particular faults, tectonic structures, and 
tectonic provinces, as applicable; and
    (3) Identification and evaluation of the hydrologic regime and the 
potential of liquefaction-induced soil failures.
    (d) The most critical ground motion must be determined in accordance 
with paragraph (e) of this section either:
    (1) Probabilistically, when the available earthquake data are 
sufficient to show that the yearly probability of exceedance of most 
critical ground motion is 10-4 or less; or
    (2) Deterministically, when the available earthquake data are 
insufficient to provide probabilistic estimates, with the objective of 
determining a most critical ground motion with a yearly probability of 
exceedance of 10-4 or less.
    (e) The determination of most critical ground motion, considering 
local and regional seismological conditions, must be made by using the 
following:
    (1) A regionally appropriate attenuation relationship, assuming that 
earthquakes occur at a location on a fault, tectonic structure, or 
tectonic province, as applicable, which would cause the most critical 
seismic movement at the site, except that where epicenters of 
historically reported earthquakes cannot be reasonably related to known 
faults or tectonic structures, but are recognized as being within a 
specific tectonic province which is within 100 miles of the site, assume 
that those earthquakes occur within their respective provinces at a 
source closest to the site.
    (2) A horizontal design response spectrum determined from the mean 
plus one standard deviation of a free-field horizontal elastic response 
spectra whose spectral amplitudes are consistent with values expected 
for the most critical ground motion.
    (3) A vertical design response spectrum that is either two-thirds of 
the

[[Page 97]]

amplitude of the horizontal design response spectrum at all frequencies 
or equal to the horizontal design response spectrum where the site is 
located within 10 miles of the earthquake source.
    (f) An LNG storage tank or its impounding system may not be located 
at a site where an investigation under paragraph (c) of this section 
shows that any of the following conditions exists unless the 
Administrator grants an approval for the site:
    (1) The estimated design horizontal acceleration exceeds 0.8g at the 
tank or dike foundation.
    (2) The specific local geologic and seismic data base is sufficient 
to predict future differential surface displacement beneath the tank and 
dike area, but displacement not exceeding 30 inches cannot be assured 
with a high level of confidence.
    (3) The specific local geologic and seismic data base is not 
sufficient to predict future differential surface displacement beneath 
the tank and dike area, and the estimated cumulative displacement of a 
Quaternary fault within one mile of the tank foundation exceeds 60 
inches.
    (4) The potential for soil liquefaction cannot be accommodated by 
design and construction in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section.
    (g) An application for approval of a site under paragraph (f) of 
this section must provide at least the following:
    (1) A detailed analysis and evaluation of the geologic and seismic 
characteristics of the site based on the geotechnical investigation 
performed under paragraph (c) of this section, with emphasis on 
prediction of near-field seismic response.
    (2) The design plans and structural analysis for the tank, its 
impounding system, and related foundations, with a report demonstrating 
that the design requirements of this section are satisfied, including 
any test results or other documentation as appropriate.
    (3) A description of safety-related features of the site or designs, 
in addition to those required by this part, if applicable, that would 
mitigate the potential effects of a catastrophic spill (e.g., remoteness 
or topographic features of the site, additional exclusion distances, or 
multiple barriers for containing or impounding LNG).
    (h) Each container which does not have a structurally liquid-tight 
cover must have sufficient freeboard with an appropriate configuration 
to prevent the escape of liquid due to sloshing, wave action, and 
vertical liquid displacement caused by seismic action.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57419, Aug. 
28, 1980]



Sec. 193.2063  Flooding.

    (a) Each operator shall determine the effects of flooding on an LNG 
facility site based on the worst occurrence in a 100-year period. The 
determination must take into account:
    (1) Volume and velocity of the floodwater;
    (2) Tsunamis (local, regional, and distant);
    (3) Potential failure of dams;
    (4) Predictable land developments which would affect runoff 
accumulation of water; and
    (5) Tidal action.
    (b) The effect of flooding determined under paragraph (a) of this 
section must be accommodated by location or design and construction, as 
applicable, to reasonably assure:
    (1) The structural or functional integrity of LNG facilities; and
    (2) Access from outside the LNG facility and movement of personnel 
and equipment about the LNG facility site for the control of fire and 
other emergencies.



Sec. 193.2065  Soil characteristics.

    (a) Soil investigations including borings and other appropriate 
tests must be made at the site of each LNG facility to determine bearing 
capacity, settlement characteristics, potential for erosion, and other 
soil characteristics applicable to the integrity of the facility.
    (b) The naturally occurring or designed soil characteristics at each 
LNG facility site must provide load bearing capacities, using 
appropriate safety factors, which can support the following loads 
without excessive lateral or vertical movement that causes a loss of the 
functional or structural integrity of the facility involved:

[[Page 98]]

    (1) Static loading caused by the facility and its contents and any 
hydrostatic testing of the facility; and
    (2) Dynamic loading caused by movement of contents of the facility 
during normal operation, including flow, sloshing, and rollover.



Sec. 193.2067  Wind forces.

    (a) LNG facilities must be designed to withstand without loss of 
structural or functional integrity:
    (1) The direct effect of wind forces;
    (2) The pressure differential between the interior and exterior of a 
confining, or partially confining, structure; and
    (3) In the case of impounding systems for LNG storage tanks, impact 
forces and potential penetrations by wind borne missiles.
    (b) The wind forces at the location of the specific facility must be 
based on one of the following:
    (1) For shop fabricated containers of LNG or other hazardous fluids 
with a capacity of not more than 70,000 gallons, applicable wind load 
data in ASCE 7-88.
    (2) For all other LNG facilities:
    (i) An assumed sustained wind velocity of not less than 200 miles 
per hour, unless the Administrator finds a lower velocity is justified 
by adequate supportive data; or
    (ii) The most critical combination of wind velocity and duration, 
with respect to the effect on the structure, having a probability of 
exceedance in a 50-year period of 0.5 percent or less, if adequate wind 
data are available and the probabilistic methodology is reliable.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57419, Aug. 
28, 1980; 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2069  Other severe weather and natural conditions.

    (a) In addition to the requirements of Secs. 193.2061, 193.2063, 
193.2065, and 193.2067, each operator shall determine from historical 
records and engineering studies the worst effect of other weather and 
natural conditions which may predictably occur at an LNG facility site.
    (b) The facility must be located and designed so that such severe 
conditions cannot reasonably be expected to result in an emergency 
involving the factors listed in Sec. 193.2063(b).



Sec. 193.2071  Adjacent activities.

    (a) Each operator shall determine that present and reasonably 
foreseeable activities adjacent to an LNG facility site that could 
adversely affect the operation of the LNG facility or the safety of 
persons or offsite property, if damage to the facility occurs.
    (b) An LNG facility must not be located where present or projected 
offsite activities would be reasonably expected to:
    (1) Adversely affect the operation of any of its safety control 
systems;
    (2) Cause failure of the facility; or
    (3) Cause the facility not to meet the requirements of this part.



Sec. 193.2073  Separation of facilities.

    Each LNG facility site must be large enough to provide for minimum 
separations between facilities and between facilities and the site 
boundary to:
    (a) Permit movement of personnel, maintenance equipment, and 
emergency equipment around the facility; and
    (b) Comply with distances specified in sections 2-2.4 through 2-2.7 
of ANSI/NFPA 59A.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



                            Subpart C--Design



Sec. 193.2101  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for the selection and 
qualification of materials for components, and for the design and 
installation or construction of components and buildings, including 
separate requirements for impounding systems, LNG storage tanks, and 
transfer systems.

                                Materials



Sec. 193.2103  General.

    Materials for all components must be--
    (a) Able to maintain their structural integrity under all design 
loadings, including applicable environmental design forces under subpart 
B of this part;

[[Page 99]]

    (b) Physically, chemically, and thermally compatible within design 
limits with any fluid or other materials with which they are in contact; 
and
    (c) Qualified in accordance with the applicable requirements of this 
subpart.



Sec. 193.2105  Extreme temperatures: normal operations.

    Each operator shall--
    (a) Determine the range of temperatures to which components will be 
subjected during normal operations, including required testing, initial 
startup, cooldown operations, and shutdown conditions; and
    (b) Use component materials that meet the design standards of this 
part for strength, ductility, and other properties throughout the entire 
range of temperatures to which the component will be subjected in normal 
operations.



Sec. 193.2107  Extreme temperatures: emergency conditions.

    (a) Each operator shall determine the effects on components not 
normally exposed to extreme cold (including a component's foundation or 
support system) of contact by LNG or cold refrigerant that could result 
from error, a spill, or other emergency determined as required by this 
part.
    (b) Each operator shall determine the effects on components 
(including their foundations or support systems) of the extreme heat 
which could result from an LNG or other hazardous fluid fire.
    (c) Where the exposure determined under paragraph (a) or (b) of this 
section could result in a failure that would worsen the emergency, the 
component or its foundation or support system, as appropriate, must be:
    (1) Made of material or constructed to be suitable for the extreme 
temperature to which it could be subjected; or
    (2) Protected by insulation or other means that will delay failure 
due to extreme temperature in order to allow adequate time to take 
emergency responses.
    (d) If a material that has low resistance to flame temperatures is 
used in any component containing a hazardous fluid, the material must be 
protected so that any heat resulting from a controllable emergency does 
not cause the release of fluid that would result in an uncontrollable 
emergency.



Sec. 193.2109  Insulation.

    During normal operations, insulation materials must:
    (a) Maintain insulating values;
    (b) Withstand thermal and mechanical design loads; and
    (c) Be covered with a material that is noncombustible in the 
installed state, is not subject to detrimental ultraviolet decay, and 
that can withstand the forces of wind according to ASCE 7-88 and 
anticipated loading which could occur in a controllable emergency.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57419, Aug. 
28, 1980; 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2111  Cold boxes.

    All cold boxes must be made of noncombustible material and the 
insulation must be made of materials which are noncombustible in the 
installed condition.



Sec. 193.2113  Piping.

    (a) Piping made of cast iron, malleable iron, or ductile iron may 
not be used to carry any cryogenic or hazardous fluids.
    (b) Piping materials intended for normal use at temperatures below 
-28.9 deg. C (-20 deg. F) or for use under Sec. 193.2107(c)(1) must be 
qualified by testing in accordance with ASME/ANSI B 31.3 to comply with 
Sec. 193.2103(b).

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2115  Concrete subject to cryogenic temperatures.

    Concrete intended for normal use at cryogenic temperatures or for 
use under Sec. 193.2107(c)(1) may not be used unless:
    (a) Materials, measurements, mixing, placing, prestressing, and 
poststressing of concrete meets generally accepted engineering 
practices;
    (b) Metallic reinforcing, prestressing wire, structural and 
nonstructural members used in concrete are acceptable in the installed 
condition for the temperature and stress levels encountered at design 
loading conditions; and

[[Page 100]]

    (c) Tests for the compressive strength, the coefficient of 
contraction, an acceptable thermal gradient, and, if applicable, 
acceptable surface loading to prevent detrimental spalling are performed 
on the concrete at the lowest temperature for which the concrete is 
designed or similar test data on these properties are available.



Sec. 193.2117  Combustible materials.

    Combustible materials are not permitted for the construction of 
buildings, plant equipment, and the foundations and supports of 
buildings and plant equipment in areas where ignition of the material 
would worsen an emergency. However, limited combustible materials may be 
used when the use of noncombustible materials is impractical.



Sec. 193.2119  Records

    Each operator shall keep a record of all materials for components, 
buildings, foundations, and support systems, as necessary to verify that 
material properties meet the requirements of this part. These records 
must be maintained for the life of the item concerned.

                   Design of Components and Buildings



Sec. 193.2121  General.

    Components, including their foundations and support systems, must be 
designed, fabricated, and installed to withstand, without loss of 
functional or structural integrity, predictable loadings not including 
environmental design forces under subpart B of this part unless 
applicable under that subpart.



Sec. 193.2123  Valves.

    (a) Each valve, including control valves and relief valves, must be 
designed, manufactured, and tested to comply with ASME/ANSI B31.3 or 
ASME/ANSI B31.5 or ASME/ANSI B31.8 or API Standard 6D, if design 
conditions fall within their scope.
    (b) Extended bonnet valves must be used for service temperatures 
below -45.6 deg. C (-50 deg. F).
    (c) Valves used for cryogenic liquid service must be designed to 
operate in the position in which they are installed.
    (d) Powered local and remote operation must be provided for valves 
intended for use during a controllable emergency that would be difficult 
or excessively time-consuming to operate manually during such an 
emergency.
    (e) Valves must be designed and installed so that an excessive load 
on the piping system does not render the valve inoperable.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57419, Aug. 
28, 1980; 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2125  Automatic shutoff valves.

    Each automatic shutoff valve or combination of valves must:
    (a) Have a fail-safe design;
    (b) Operate to stop fluid flow which would endanger the operational 
integrity of plant equipment; and
    (c) Close at a rate to avoid fluid hammer which would endanger the 
operating integrity of a component.



Sec. 193.2127  Piping.

    (a) Piping must be designed, manufactured, and tested to comply with 
ASME/ANSI B 31.3.
    (b) All cryogenic and hazardous fluid piping must have connections 
to facilitate blowdown and purge as required by this part.
    (c) Each cryogenic or hazardous fluid piping system that is 
aboveground must be identified by color coding, painting, or labeling.
    (d) Seamless pipe or pipe with a longitudinal joint efficiency of 
1.0 determined in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, or pipe with a design 
pressure less than two-thirds of the mill-proof test pressure or 
subsequent shop or field hydrostatic test pressure must be used for 
process and transfer piping handling cryogenic or other hazardous fluids 
with a service temperature below -22 deg. F (-30 deg. C).
    (e) For longitudinal or spiral weld piping handling LNG or cryogenic 
fluids, the heat affected zone must comply with section 323.2.2 of ASME/
ANSI B31.3.

[[Page 101]]

    (f) Threaded piping used in hazardous fluid service must be at least 
Schedule 80.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2129  Piping attachments and supports.

    Piping attachments and supports for LNG or refrigerant piping must 
be designed to prevent excessive heat transfer which can result in 
either unintentional restraint of piping caused by ice formations or the 
embrittlement of supporting steel.



Sec. 193.2131  Building design.

    (a) Each building or structural enclosure in which potentially 
hazardous quantities of flammable materials are handled must be designed 
and constructed to minimize fire hazards.
    (b) Buildings or structural enclosures in which hazardous or 
cryogenic fluids are handled shall be of light-weight, noncombustible 
construction with nonload-bearings walls.
    (c) If rooms containing such fluids are located within or attached 
to buildings in which such fluids are not handled, i.e., control rooms, 
shops, etc., the common walls shall be limited to not more than two in 
number, shall be designed to withstand a static pressure of at least 
4800 Pa (100 psf), have no doors or other communicating openings, and 
shall have a fire resistance rating of at least 1 hour.



Sec. 193.2133  Buildings: ventilation.

    (a) Each building in which potentially hazardous quantities of 
flammable fluids are handled must be ventilated to minimize the 
possibility, during normal operation, of hazardous accumulation of a 
flammable gas and air mixture, hazardous products of combustion, and 
other hazardous vapors in enclosed process areas by one of the following 
means:
    (1) A continuously operating mechanical ventilation system;
    (2) A combination gravity ventilation system and normally off 
mechanical ventilation system which is activated by suitable flammable 
gas detectors at a concentration not exceeding 25 percent of the lower 
flammable limit of the gas;
    (3) A dual rate mechanical ventilation system with the high rate 
activated by suitable flammable gas detectors at a concentration not 
exceeding 25 percent of the lower flammable limit of the gas; or
    (4) A gravity ventilation system composed of a combination of wall 
openings, roof ventilators, and, if there are basements or depressed 
floor levels, a supplemental mechanical ventilation system.
    (b) The ventilation rate must be at least 1 cubic foot per minute of 
air per square foot of floor area. If vapors heavier than air can be 
present, the ventilation must be proportioned according to the area of 
each level.



Sec. 193.2135  Expansion or contraction.

    Each operator shall consider the amount of contraction and expansion 
of each component during operating and environmental thermal cycling and 
shall:
    (a) Provide components that operate without detrimental stress or 
restriction of movement, within each component and between components, 
caused by contraction and expansion; and
    (b) Prevent ice buildup from detrimentally restricting the movement 
of components caused by contraction and expansion.



Sec. 193.2137  Frost heave.

    (a) Each operator shall:
    (1) Determine which components and their foundations could be 
endangered by frost heave from ambient temperatures or operating 
temperatures of the component; and
    (2) Provide protection against frost heave which might impair their 
structural integrity.
    (b) For each component and foundation determined under paragraph (a) 
of this section, instrumentation must be installed to warn of potential 
structural impairment due to frost heave, unless the operator includes 
in the maintenance procedures required by this part, a method and 
schedule of inspection that will detect changes in the elevation.



Sec. 193.2139  Ice and snow.

    (a) Components must be designed to support the weight of ice and 
snow

[[Page 102]]

which could normally collect or form on them.
    (b) Each operator shall provide protection for components from 
falling ice or snow which may accumulate on structures.
    (c) Valves and moving components must not become inoperative due to 
ice formation on the component.



Sec. 193.2141  Electrical systems.

    (a) Each operator shall select and install electrical equipment and 
wiring for components in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 70 and, where 
applicable, section 7-6.2 of ANSI/NFPA 59A.
    (b) Electrical grounding and bonding must be in accordance with 
section 7-7.1.1 of ANSI/NFPA 59A.
    (c) Protective measures for stray or impressed currents must be 
provided in accordance with section 7-7.3 of ANSI/NFPA 59A.

[58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2143  Lightning.

    Each operator shall install proper grounds as necessary to minimize 
the hazard to plant personnel and components, including all electrical 
circuits, as a result of lightning.



Sec. 193.2145  Boilers and pressure vessels.

    Boilers must be designed and fabricated in accordance with section I 
or section IV of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Other 
pressure vessels subject to that Code must be designed and fabricated in 
accordance with Division 1 or Division 2 of section VIII.



Sec. 193.2147  Combustion engines and turbines.

    Combustion engines and gas turbines must be installed in accordance 
with ANSI/NFPA-37.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]

                     Impoundment Design and Capacity



Sec. 193.2149  Impoundment required.

    (a) An impounding system must be provided for storage tanks to 
contain a potential spill of LNG or other hazardous liquid.
    (b) Grading or drainage or an impounding system must be provided to 
ensure that accidental spills or leaks from the following components and 
areas do not endanger components or adjoining property or enter 
navigable waterways:
    (1) Liquefaction and other process equipment;
    (2) Vaporizers;
    (3) Transfer systems;
    (4) Parking areas for tank cars or tank trucks; and
    (5) Areas for loading, unloading, or storing portable containers and 
dewar vessels.
    (c) Impounding systems for LNG must be designed and constructed in 
accordance with this subpart. Impounding systems intended for 
containment of hazardous liquids other than LNG must meet the 
requirements of ANSI/NFPA-30.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2151  General design characteristics.

    (a) An impounding system must have a configuration or design which, 
to the maximum extent possible, will prevent liquid from escaping 
impoundment by leakage, splash from collapse of a structure or part 
thereof, momentum and low surface friction, foaming, failure of 
pressurized piping, and accidental pumping.
    (b) The basic form of an impounding system may be excavation, a 
natural geological formation, manufactured diking, such as berms or 
walls, or any combination thereof.



Sec. 193.2153  Classes of impounding systems.

    (a) For the purpose of this part, impounding systems are classified 
as follows:

     Class 1. A system which surrounds the component served with the 
inner surface of the dike constructed against or within 24 inches of the 
component served.
     Class 2. A system which surrounds the component or area served with 
the dike located a distance away from the component or at the periphery 
of the area.
     Class 3. A system which conducts a spill by dikes and floors to a 
remote impounding space which does not surround the component or area 
served.


[[Page 103]]


    (b) In the case of an impounding system consisting of a combination 
of classes, requirements of this part regarding a single class apply 
according to the percentage of impoundment provided by each class.



Sec. 193.2155  Structural requirements.

    (a) Subject to paragraph (b) of this section, the structural parts 
of an impounding system must be designed and constructed to prevent 
impairment of the system's performance reliability and structural 
integrity as a result of the following:
    (1) The imposed loading from--
    (i) Full hydrostatic head of impounded LNG;
    (ii) Hydrodynamic action, including the effect of any material 
injected into the system for spill control;
    (iii) The impingement of the trajectory of an LNG jet discharged at 
any predictable angle; and
    (iv) Anticipated hydraulic forces from a credible opening in the 
component or item served, assuming that the discharge pressure equals 
design pressure.
    (2) The erosive action from a spill, including jetting of spilling 
LNG, and any other anticipated erosive action including surface water 
runoff, ice formation, dislodgement of ice formation, and snow removal.
    (3) The effect of the temperature, any thermal gradient, and any 
other anticipated degradation resulting from sudden or localized contact 
with LNG.
    (4) Exposure to fire from impounded LNG or from sources other than 
impounded LNG.
    (5) If applicable, the potential impact and loading on the dike due 
to--
    (i) Collapse of the component or item served or adjacent components; 
and
    (ii) If the LNG facility adjoins the right-of-way of any highway or 
railroad, collision by or explosion of a train, tank car, or tank truck 
that could reasonably be expected to cause the most severe loading.
    (b) For spills from LNG storage tanks with Class 2 or 3 impounding 
systems, imposed loading and surging flow characteristics must be based 
on a credible release of the tank contents.
    (c) If an LNG storage tank is located within a horizontal distance 
of 6,100 m. (20,000 ft.) from the nearest point of the nearest runway 
serving large aircraft as defined in 14 CFR part 1.1, a Class 1 
impounding system must be used which is designed to withstand collision 
by, or explosion of, the heaviest aircraft which can take off or land at 
the airport.



Sec. 193.2157  Coatings and coverings.

    Insulation, sealants, or other coatings and coverings which are part 
of an impounding system--
    (a) Must be noncombustible in an installed condition when exposed to 
an LNG fire resulting from a spill that covers the floor of the 
impounding space;
    (b) Must withstand exposure to fire from sources determined as 
required by this part, other than impounded LNG, for a period of time 
until fire protective or fire extinguishing action is taken; and
    (c) When used for the purpose of maintaining the functional 
integrity of an impounding system, must be capable of withstanding 
sudden exposure to LNG without loss of such integrity.



Sec. 193.2159  Floors.

    Floors of Class 2 and Class 3 impounding systems must, to the extent 
feasible--
    (a) Slope away from the component or item impounded and to a sump 
basin installed under Sec. 193.2171;
    (b) Slope away from the nearest adjacent component;
    (c) Drain surface waters from the floor at rates based on a storm of 
10-year frequency and 1-hour duration and other natural water sources; 
and
    (d) Be designed to minimize the wetted floor area.



Sec. 193.2161  Dikes, general.

    (a) Penetrations in dikes to accommodate piping or any other purpose 
are prohibited.
    (b) An outer wall of a component served by an impounding system may 
not be used as a dike except for a concrete wall designed to comply with 
the requirements of Sec. 193.2155(c) or equivalent design impact 
loading.

[[Page 104]]



Sec. 193.2163  Vapor barriers.

    If vapor barriers are installed in meeting the requirements of 
Sec. 193.2059, they must be designed and constructed to detain LNG 
vapor.



Sec. 193.2165  Dike dimensions.

    In addition to dike dimensions needed to comply with other 
requirements of this subpart, to minimize the possibility that a 
trajectory of accidentally discharged liquid would pass over the top of 
a dike, the horizontal distance from the inner wall of the component or 
vessel served to the closest inside edge of the top of the dike must at 
least equal the vertical distance from the maximum liquid level in the 
component or vessel to the inside edge of the top of the dike.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57419, Aug. 
28, 1980]



Sec. 193.2167  Covered systems.

    (a) A covered impounding system is prohibited unless it is--
    (1) Sealed from the atmosphere and filled with an inert gas; or
    (2) Permanently interconnected with the vapor space of the component 
served.
    (b) Flammable nonmetallic membranous covering is prohibited in a 
covered system.
    (c) For systems to which paragraph (a)(1) of this section applies, 
instrumentation and controls must be provided to--
    (1) Maintain pressures at a safe level; and
    (2) Monitor gas concentrations in accordance with Sec. 193.2169.
    (d) Dikes must have adequate structural strength to assure that they 
can withstand impact from a collapsed cover and all anticipated 
conditions which could cause a failure of the impounding space cover.



Sec. 193.2169  Gas leak detection.

    Appropriate areas within an impounding system where collection or 
passage of LNG or LNG vapor could be expected must be equipped with 
sensing and warning devices to monitor continuously for the presence of 
LNG or LNG vapor and to warn before LNG gas concentration levels exceed 
25 percent of the lower flammable limit.



Sec. 193.2171  Sump basins.

    Except for Class 1 impounding systems, a sump basin must be located 
in each impounding system for collection of water.



Sec. 193.2173  Water removal.

    (a) Except for Class 1 systems, impounding systems must have sump 
pumps and piping running over the dike to remove water collecting in the 
sump basin.
    (b) The water removal system must have adequate capacity to remove 
water at rates which equal the maximum predictable collection rate from 
a storm of 10-year frequency and 1-hour duration, and other natural 
causes.
    (c) Sump pumps for water removal must--
    (1) Be operated as necessary to keep the impounding space as dry as 
practical; and
    (2) If sump pumps are designed for automatic operation, have 
redundant automatic shutdown controls to prevent operation when LNG is 
present.



Sec. 193.2175  Shared impoundment.

    When an impounding system serves more than one LNG storage tank, a 
means must be provided to prevent low temperature or fire resulting from 
leakage from any one of the storage tanks served causing any other 
storage tank to leak. The means must not result in a vapor dispersion 
distance which exceeds the exclusion zone required by Sec. 193.2059.

[Amdt. 193-1, 45 FR 57419, Aug. 28, 1980]



Sec. 193.2179  Impoundment capacity: general.

    In addition to capacities otherwise required by this subpart, an 
impounding system must have sufficient volumetric capacity to provide 
for--
    (a) Displacement by the component, tank car, tank truck, container, 
or dewar vessel served; and
    (b) Where applicable, displacement which could occur when a higher 
density substance than the liquid to be impounded enters the system, 
considering

[[Page 105]]

all relevant means of assuring capacity.



Sec. 193.2181  Impoundment capacity: LNG storage tanks.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
impounding system serving an LNG storage tank must have a minimum 
volumetric liquid impoundment capacity as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      System capacity in
                                   Class or type of     percent of LNG  
    Number of tanks in system           system          tank's maximum  
                                                        liquid capacity 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...............................  Class 1...........  110 percent.      
                                  Classes 2 and 3...  150 percent.      
More than 1.....................  Classes 2 and 3...  100 percent of all
                                                       tanks or 150     
                                                       percent of       
                                                       largest tank,    
                                                       whichever is     
                                                       greater.         
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) For purposes of this section, a covered impounding system 
serving a single LNG storage tank may have a capacity of 110 percent of 
the LNG tank's maximum liquid capacity if it is covered by a roof that 
is separate and independent from the LNG storage tank.



Sec. 193.2183  Impoundment capacity: equipment and transfer systems.

    If an impounding system serves a component under Sec. 193.2149(b) 
(1)-(3), it must have a minimum volumetric liquid impoundment capacity 
equal to the sum of--
    (a) One-hundred percent of the volume of liquid that could be 
contained in the component and, where applicable, tank car or tank truck 
served; and
    (b) The maximum volume of liquid which could discharge into the 
impounding space from any single failure of equipment or piping during 
the time period necessary for spill detection, instrument response, and 
sequenced shutdown by the automatic shutdown system under Sec. 193.2439.



Sec. 193.2185  Impoundment capacity: parking areas, portable containers.

    Each impounding system serving an area listed under Sec. 193.2149(b) 
(4) or (5) must have a minimum volumetric liquid impoundment capacity 
which complies with the requirements of Sec. 193.2181, assuming each 
tank car, tank truck, portable container, or dewar vessel to be a 
storage tank.

                            LNG Storage Tanks



Sec. 193.2187  General.

    (a) LNG storage tanks must comply with the requirements of this 
subpart and the other applicable requirements of this part.
    (b) A flammable nonmetallic membrane liner may not be used as an 
inner container in a storage tank.



Sec. 193.2189  Loading forces.

    Each part of an LNG storage tank must be designed to withstand 
without loss of functional or structural integrity any predictable 
combination of forces which would result in the highest stress to the 
part, including the following:
    (a) Internal design pressure determined under Sec. 193.2197.
    (b) External design pressure determined under Sec. 193.2199.
    (c) Weight of the structure.
    (d) Weight of liquid to be stored, except that in no case will the 
density assumed be less than 29.3 pounds per cubic foot (470 kilograms 
per cubic meter).
    (e) Loads due to testing required by Sec. 193.2327.
    (f) Nonuniform reaction forces on the foundation due to predictable 
settling and other movement.
    (g) Superimposed forces from piping, stairways, and other connected 
appurtenances.
    (h) Predictable snow and ice loads.
    (i) The loading of internal insulation on the inner container and 
outer shell due to compaction and movement of the container and shell 
over the design life of the insulation.
    (j) In the case of vacuum insulation, the forces due to the vacuum.
    (k) In the case of a positive pressure purge, the forces due to the 
maximum positive pressure of the purge gas.



Sec. 193.2191  Stratification.

    LNG storage tanks with a capacity of 5,000 barrels or more must be 
equipped with means to mitigate a potential for rollover and 
overpressure such as:
    (a) Selective filling at the top and bottom of the tank;
    (b) Circulating liquid from the bottom to the top of the same tank; 
or

[[Page 106]]

    (c) Transferring liquid selectively from the bottom of the tank to 
the bottom or top of any adjacent storage tank.



Sec. 193.2193  Movement and stress.

    (a) Each operator shall determine for normal operations of each LNG 
storage tank--
    (1) The amount and pattern of predictable movement of components, 
including transfer piping, and the foundation, which could result from 
thermal cycling, loading forces, and ambient air changes; and
    (2) For a storage tank with an inner container, the predictable 
movement of the inner container and the outer shell in relation to each 
other.
    (b) Storage tanks must be designed to provide adequate allowance for 
stress due to movement determined under paragraph (a) of this section, 
including provisions that--
    (1) Backfill does not cause excessive stresses on the tank structure 
due to expansion of the storage tank during warmup;
    (2) Insulation does not settle to a damaging degree or unsafe 
condition during thermal cycling; and
    (3) Expansion bends and other expansion or contraction devices are 
adequate to prevent excessive stress on tank penetrations, especially 
during cooldown from ambient temperatures.



Sec. 193.2195  Penetrations.

    (a) All penetrations in an LNG storage tank must be designed in 
accordance with API 620, including appendix Q.
    (b) The loadings on all penetrations must be determined by an 
analysis of all contributing forces, including those from tank thermal 
movements, connecting piping thermal movements, hydraulic forces, 
applicable wind and earthquake forces, and the forces resulting from 
settlement or movement of the tank foundation or pipe supports.
    (c) All penetrations in an LNG storage tank below the design liquid 
level must be fitted with an internal shutoff valve which is designed 
and installed so that any failure of the nozzle penetrating the tank 
will be outside the tank.
    (d) The requirements of paragraphs (a) and (c) of this section do 
not apply to shop fabricated tanks of 70,000 gallons or less capacity. 
All penetrations in such tanks must be designed and installed in 
accordance with the applicable provisions of section VIII, Division 1 of 
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.



Sec. 193.2197  Internal design pressure.

    (a) Each operator shall establish the internal design pressure at 
the top of each LNG storage tank, including a suitable margin above the 
maximum allowable working pressure.
    (b) The internal design pressure of a storage tank may not be lower 
than the highest pressure in the vapor space resulting from each of the 
following events or combination thereof that predictably might occur, 
giving consideration to vapor handling equipment, relief devices in 
accordance with Sec. 193.2429, and any other mitigating measures:
    (1) Filling the tank with LNG including effects of increased 
vaporization rate due to superheat and sensible heat of the added 
liquid;
    (2) Rollover;
    (3) Fall in barometric pressure, using the worst combination of 
amount of fall and rate of fall which might predictably occur;
    (4) Loss of effective insulation that may result from an adjacent 
fire, leak of liquid into the intertank space, or other predictable 
accident; and
    (5) Flash vaporization resulting from pump recirculation.



Sec. 193.2199  External design pressure.

    (a) Each operator shall establish the external design pressure at 
the top of each LNG storage tank, including a suitable margin below the 
minimum allowable working pressure.
    (b) The external design pressure may not be higher than the lowest 
vapor pressure in the vapor space resulting from each of the following 
events or combinations thereof that predictably might occur, giving 
consideration to gas makeup systems, vacuum relief devices in accordance 
with Sec. 193.2429, and any other mitigating measures.
    (1) Withdrawing liquid from the tank;
    (2) Withdrawing gas from the tank;

[[Page 107]]

    (3) Adding subcooled LNG to the tank; and
    (4) Rise in barometric pressure, based on the worst combination of 
amount of rise and rate of rise which predictably might occur.



Sec. 193.2201  Internal temperature.

    The liquid container of each LNG storage tank and all tank parts 
used in contact with LNG or its cold vapor shall be designed for the 
lowest bulk liquid temperature which can be attained in the LNG storage 
tank.



Sec. 193.2203  Foundation.

    (a) Each LNG storage tank must have a stable foundation designed in 
accordance with generally accepted structural engineering practices.
    (b) Each foundation must support design loading forces without 
detrimental settling that could impair the structural integrity of the 
tank.



Sec. 193.2205  Frost heave.

    If the protection provided for LNG storage tank foundations from 
frost heave under Sec. 193.2137(a) includes heating the foundation 
area--
    (a) An instrumentation and alarm system must be provided to warn of 
malfunction of the heating system; and
    (b) A means to correct the malfunction must be provided.



Sec. 193.2207  Insulation.

    (a) Insulation on the outside of the outer shell of an LNG storage 
tank may not be used to maintain stored LNG at an operating temperature 
during normal operation.
    (b) Insulation between an inner container and the outer shell of an 
LNG storage tank must--
    (1) Be compatible with the contained liquid and its vapor;
    (2) In its installed condition, be noncombustible; and
    (3) Not significantly lose insulating properties by melting, 
settling, or other means due to a fire resulting from a spill that 
covers the floor of the impounding space around the tank.



Sec. 193.2209  Instrumentation for LNG storage tanks.

    (a) Each LNG storage tank having a capacity over 70,000 gallons must 
be equipped with a sufficient number of sensing devices and personnel 
warning devices, as prescribed, which operate continuously while the 
tank is in operation to assure that each of the following conditions is 
not a potential hazard to the structural integrity or safety of the 
tank:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Condition                         Instrumentation       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Amount of liquid in the tank........  Redundant liquid level gages  
                                           and recorders with high level
                                           alarms, and a minimum of one 
                                           independent high level alarm.
(2) Vapor pressure within the tank......  Redundant gages and recorders 
                                           with high and low pressure   
                                           alarms.                      
(3) Temperatures at representative        Temperature indicating and    
 critical points in the foundation.        recording devices with alarm.
(4) Temperature of contained liquid at    Temperature recorders.        
 various vertical intervals.                                            
(5) Abnormal temperature in tank          Thermocouples located at      
 structure.                                representative critical      
                                           points with recorders.       
(6) Excessive relative movement of inner  Linear and rotational movement
 container and outer shell.                indicators located between   
                                           inner container and outer    
                                           shell with recorders.        
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) LNG storage tanks with a capacity of 70,000 gallons or less must 
be equipped with the following:
    (1) LNG liquid trycocks, when attended during the filling operation.
    (2) Pressure gages and recorders with high pressure alarm.
    (3) Differential pressure liquid level gage.
    (c) Each storage tank must be designed as appropriate to provide for 
compliance with the inspection requirements of this part.



Sec. 193.2211  Metal storage tanks.

    (a) Metal storage tanks with internal design pressures of not more 
than 15 psig must be designed and constructed in accordance with API 
Standard 620 and, where applicable, appendix Q of that standard.
    (b) Metal storage tanks with internal design pressures above 15 psig 
must be designed in accordance with the applicable division of section 
VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

[[Page 108]]



Sec. 193.2213  Concrete storage tanks.

    Concrete storage tanks must be designed and constructed in 
accordance with section 4-3 of ANSI/NFPA-59A.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2215  Thermal barriers.

    Thermal barriers must be provided between piping and an outer shell 
when necessary to prevent the outer shell from being exposed during 
normal operation to temperatures lower than its design temperature.



Sec. 193.2217  Support system.

    (a) Saddles and legs must be designed in accordance with generally 
accepted structural engineering practices, taking into account loads 
during transportation, erection loads, and thermal loads.
    (b) Storage tank stress concentrations from support systems must be 
minimized by distribution of loads using pads, load rings, or other 
means.
    (c) For a storage tank with an inner container, support systems must 
be designed to--
    (1) Minimize thermal stresses imparted to the inner container and 
outer shell from expansion and contraction; and
    (2) Sustain the maximum applicable loading from shipping and 
operating conditions.
    (d) LNG storage tanks with an air space beneath the tank bottom or 
its foundation must be designed to withstand without loss of functional 
or structural integrity, the forces caused by the ignition of a 
combustible vapor cloud in this space.



Sec. 193.2219  Internal piping.

    Piping connected to an inner container that is located in the space 
between the inner container and outer shell must be designed for not 
less than the pressure rating of the inner container. The piping must 
contain expansion loops where necessary to protect against thermal and 
other secondary stresses created by operation of the tank. Bellows may 
not be used within the space between the inner container and outer 
shell.



Sec. 193.2221  Marking.

    (a) Each operator shall install and maintain a name plate in an 
accessible place on each storage tank and mark it in accordance with the 
applicable code or standard incorporated by reference in Sec. 193.2211 
or Sec. 193.2213.
    (b) Each penetration in a storage tank must be marked indicating the 
function of the penetration.
    (c) Marking required by this section must not be obscured by 
frosting.

                       Design of Transfer Systems



Sec. 193.2223  General.

    (a) Transfer systems must comply with the requirements of this 
subpart and other applicable requirements of this part.
    (b) The design of transfer systems must provide for stress due to 
the frequency of thermal cycling and intermittent use to which the 
transfer system may be subjected.
    (c) Slip type expansion joints are prohibited and packing-type 
joints may not be used in transfer systems for LNG or flammable 
refrigerants.
    (d) A suitable means must be provided to precool the piping in a 
manner that prevents excessive stress prior to normal transfer of cold 
fluids.
    (e) Stresses due to thermal and hydraulic shock in the piping system 
must be determined and accommodated by design to avoid damage to piping.



Sec. 193.2227  Backflow.

    (a) Each transfer system must operate with a means to--
    (1) Prevent backflow of liquid from a receiving container, tank car, 
or tank truck from causing a hazardous condition; and
    (2) Maintain one-way flow where necessary for the integrity or safe 
operation of the LNG facility.
    (b) The means provided under paragraph (a)(1) of this section must 
be located as close as practical to the point of connection of the 
transfer system and the receiving container, tank car, or tank truck.



Sec. 193.2229  Cargo transfer systems.

    (a) Each cargo transfer system must have--

[[Page 109]]

    (1) A means of safely depressurizing and venting that system before 
disconnection;
    (2) A means to provide for safe vapor displacement during transfer;
    (3) Transfer piping, pumps, and compressors located or protected by 
suitable barriers so that they are safe from damage by tank car or tank 
truck movements;
    (4) A signal light at each control location or remotely located 
pumps or compressors used for transfer which indicates whether the pump 
or compressor is off or in operation; and
    (5) A means of communication between loading or unloading areas and 
other areas in which personnel are associated with the transfer 
operations.
    (b) Hoses and arms for cargo transfer systems must be designed as 
follows--
    (1) The design must accommodate operating pressures and temperatures 
encountered during the transfers;
    (2) Hoses must have a bursting pressure of not less than five times 
the operating pressure.
    (3) Arms must meet the requirements of ASME/ANSI B31.3.
    (4) Adequate support must be provided, taking into account ice 
formation.
    (5) Couplings must be designed for the frequency of any coupling or 
uncoupling.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2231  Cargo transfer area.

    The transfer area of a cargo transfer system must be designed--
    (a) To accommodate tank cars and tank trucks without excessive 
maneuvering; and
    (b) To permit tank trucks to enter or exit the transfer area without 
backing.



Sec. 193.2233  Shutoff valves.

    (a) Shutoff valves on transfer systems must be located--
    (1) On each liquid supply line, or common line to multiple supply 
lines, to a storage tank, or to a cargo transfer system;
    (2) On each vapor or liquid return line from multiple return lines, 
used in a cargo transfer system;
    (3) At the connection of a transfer system with a pipeline subject 
to part 192 of this chapter; and
    (4) To provide for proper operation and maintenance of each transfer 
system.
    (b) Transfer system shutoff valves that are designated for operation 
in the emergency procedures must be manually operable at the valve and 
power operable at the valve and at a remote location at least 50 feet 
from the valve.



                         Subpart D--Construction



Sec. 193.2301  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for the construction or 
installation of components.



Sec. 193.2303  Construction acceptance.

    No person may place in service any component until it passes all 
applicable inspections and tests prescribed by this subpart.



Sec. 193.2304  Corrosion control overview.

    (a) Subject to paragraph (b) of this section, components may not be 
constructed, repaired, replaced, or significantly altered until a person 
qualified under Sec. 193.2707(c) reviews the applicable design drawings 
and materials specifications from a corrosion control viewpoint and 
determines that the materials involved will not impair the safety or 
reliability of the component or any associated components.
    (b) The repair, replacement, or significant alteration of components 
must be reviewed only if the action to be taken--
    (1) Involves a change in the original materials specified;
    (2) Is due to a failure caused by corrosion; or
    (3) Is occasioned by inspection revealing a significant 
deterioration of the component due to corrosion.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70404, Oct. 23, 1980]



Sec. 193.2305  Procedures.

    (a) In performing construction, installation, inspection, or 
testing, an operator must follow written specifications, procedures, and 
drawings, as appropriate, that are consistent with this

[[Page 110]]

part, taking into account relevant mechanical, chemical, and thermal 
properties, component functions, and environmental effects that are 
involved.
    (b) All procedures, including any field revisions, must be 
substantiated by testing or experience to produce a component that is 
reliable and complies with the design and installation requirements of 
this part.



Sec. 193.2307  Inspection.

    (a) All construction, installation, and testing activities must be 
inspected as frequently as necessary in accordance with a written plan 
to assure that--
    (1) Activities are in compliance with all applicable requirements of 
this subpart; and
    (2) Components comply with the applicable material, design, 
fabrication, installation, and construction requirements of this part.
    (b) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (a) of this 
section, the construction of concrete storage tanks must be inspected in 
accordance with ACI 311.4R-88 or ACI 311.5R-88.
    (c) Each operator shall have a quality assurance inspection program 
to verify that components comply with their design specifications and 
drawings, including any field design changes, before they are placed in 
service.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2309  Inspection and testing methods

    Except as otherwise provided by this subpart, each operator shall 
determine, commensurate with the hazard that would result from failure 
of the component concerned, the scope and nature of--
    (a) Inspections and tests required by this subpart; and
    (b) Inspection and testing procedures required by Sec. 193.2305.



Sec. 193.2311  Cleanup.

    After construction or installation, as the case may be, all 
components must be cleaned to remove all detrimental contaminants which 
could cause a hazard during operation, including the following:
    (a) All flux residues used in brazing or soldering must be removed 
from the joints and the base metal to prevent corrosive solutions from 
being formed.
    (b) All solvent type cleaners must be tested to ensure that they 
will not damage equipment integrity or reliability.
    (c) Incompatible chemicals must be removed.
    (d) All contaminants must be captured and disposed of in a manner 
that does not reduce the effectiveness of corrosion protection and 
monitoring provided as required by this part.



Sec. 193.2313  Pipe welding.

    (a) Each operator shall provide the following for welding on 
pressurized piping for LNG and other hazardous fluids:
    (1) Welding procedures and welders qualified in accordance with 
section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or API 1104, as 
applicable;
    (2) When welding materials that are qualified by impact testing, 
welding procedures selected to minimize degradation of low temperature 
properties of the pipe material; and
    (3) When welding attachments to pipe, procedures and techniques 
selected to minimize the danger of burn-throughs and stress 
intensification.
    (b) Oxygen fuel gas welding is not permitted on flammable fluid 
piping with a service temperature below -29 deg.C(-20 deg.F).
    (c) Marking materials for identifying welds on pipe must be 
compatible with the basic pipe material.
    (d) Surfaces of components that are less than 6.35 mm (0.25 in.) 
thick may not be field die stamped.
    (e) Where die stamping is permitted, any identification marks must 
be made with a die having blunt edges to minimize stress concentration.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 32720, July 29, 1982; 47 
FR 33965, Aug. 5, 1982]



Sec. 193.2315  Piping connections.

    (a) Piping more than 2 inches nominal diameter must be joined by 
welding, except that--
    (1) Threaded or flanged connections may be used where necessary for 
special connections, including connections for material transitions, 
instrument connections, testing, and maintenance;

[[Page 111]]

    (2) Copper piping in nonflammable service may be joined by silver 
brazing; and
    (3) Material transitions may be made by any joining technique proven 
reliable under Sec. 193.2305(b).
    (b) If socket fittings are used, a clearance of 1.6 to 3.2 mm (0.063 
to 0.126 in.) between the pipe end and the bottom of the socket recess 
must be provided and appropriate measurement reference marks made on the 
piping for the purpose of inspection.
    (c) Threaded joints must be--
    (1) Free of stress from external loading; and
    (2) Seal welded, or sealed by other means which have been tested and 
proven reliable.
    (d) Compression type couplings must meet the requirements of ASME/
ANSI B31.3.
    (e) Care shall be taken to ensure the tightness of all bolted 
connections. Spring washers or other such devices designed to compensate 
for the contraction and expansion of bolted connections during operating 
cycles shall be used where required.
    (f) The selection of gasket material shall include the consideration 
of fire.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2317  Retesting.

    After testing required by this subpart is completed on a component 
to contain a hazardous fluid, the component must be retested whenever--
    (a) Penetration welding other than tie-in welding is performed; or
    (b) The structural integrity of the component is disturbed.



Sec. 193.2319  Strength tests.

    (a) A strength test must be performed on each piping system and 
container to determine whether the component is capable of performing 
its design function, taking into account--
    (1) The maximum allowable working pressure;
    (2) The maximum weight of product which the component may contain or 
support;
    (b) For piping, the test required by paragraph (a) of this section 
must include a pressure test conducted in accordance with section 345 of 
ASME/ANSI B31.3, except that test pressures must be based on the design 
pressure. Carbon and low alloy steel piping must be pressure tested 
above their nil ductility transition temperature.
    (c) All shells and internal parts of heat exchangers to which 
section VIII, Division 1, or Division 2 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure 
Vessel Code, applies must be pressure tested, inspected, and stamped in 
accordance therewith.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2321  Nondestructive tests.

    (a) The following percentages of each day's circumferentially welded 
pipe joints for hazardous fluid piping, selected at random, must be 
nondestructively tested over the entire circumference to indicate any 
defects which could adversely affect the integrity of the weld or pipe:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                Cryogenic                               
          Weld type               piping       Other       Test method  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Butt welds more than 2 inches          100           30  Radiographic or
 in nominal size.                                         ultrasonic.   
Butt welds 2 inches or less            100           30  Radiographic,  
 in nominal size.                                         ultrasonic,   
                                                          liquid        
                                                          penetrant or  
                                                          magnetic      
                                                          particle.     
Fillet and socket welds......          100           30  Liquid         
                                                          penetrant or  
                                                          magnetic      
                                                          particle.     
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) Evaluation of weld tests and repair of defects must be in 
accordance with the requirements of ASME/ANSI B31.3 or API 1104, as 
applicable.
    (c) Where longitudinally or spiral welded pipe is used in transfer 
systems, 100 percent of the seam weld must be examined by radiographic 
or ultrasonic inspection.
    (d) The butt welds in metal shells of storage tanks with internal 
design pressure of not more than 15 psig must be radiographically tested 
in accordance with section Q.7.6, API 620, appendix Q, except that for 
hydraulic load

[[Page 112]]

bearing shells with curved surfaces that are subject to cryogenic 
temperatures, 100 percent of both longitudinal (or meridional) and 
circumferential or (or latitudinal) welds must be radiographically 
tested.
    (e) The butt welds in metal shells of storage tanks with internal 
design pressure above 15 psig must be radiographically tested in 
accordance with section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 
except that for hydraulic load bearing shells with curved surfaces that 
are subject to cryogenic temperatures, 100 percent of both longitudinal 
(or meridional) and circumferential (or latitudinal) welds must be 
radiographically tested.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993; 
Amdt. 193-10, 61 FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 193.2323  Leak tests.

    (a) Each container and piping system must be initially tested to 
assure that the component will contain the product for which it is 
designed without leakage.
    (b) Shop fabricated containers and all flammable fluid piping must 
be leak tested to a minimum of the design pressure after installation 
but before placing it in service.
    (c) For a storage tank with vacuum insulation, the inner container, 
outer shell, and all internal piping must be tested for vacuum leaks in 
accordance with an appropriate procedure.



Sec. 193.2325  Testing control systems.

    Each control system must be tested before being placed in service to 
assure that it has been installed properly and will function as required 
by this part.



Sec. 193.2327  Storage tank tests.

    (a) In addition to other applicable requirements of this subpart, 
storage tanks for cryogenic fluids with internal design pressures of not 
more than 15 psig must be tested in accordance with sections Q8, Q9, and 
Q10 of API 620, appendix Q, as applicable.
    (b) Metal storage tanks for cryogenic fluids with internal design 
pressures above 15 psig must be tested in accordance with the applicable 
division of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
    (c) Reference measurements must be made with appropriate precise 
instruments to assure that the tank is gas tight and lateral and 
vertical movement of the storage tank does not exceed predetermined 
design tolerances.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2329  Construction records.

    For the service life of the component concerned, each operator shall 
retain appropriate records of the following:
    (a) Specifications, procedures, and drawings prepared for compliance 
with Sec. 193.2305; and
    (b) Results of tests, inspections, and the quality assurance program 
required by this subpart.



                          Subpart E--Equipment



Sec. 193.2401  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for the design, fabrication, 
and installation of vaporization equipment, liquefaction equipment, and 
control systems.

                         Vaporization Equipment



Sec. 193.2403  General.

    Vaporizers must comply with the requirements of this subpart and the 
other applicable requirements of this part.



Sec. 193.2405  Vaporizer design.

    (a) Vaporizers must be designed and fabricated in accordance with 
applicable provisions of section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler and 
Pressure Vessel Code.
    (b) Each vaporizer must be designed for the maximum allowable 
working pressure at least equal to the maximum discharge pressure of the 
pump or pressurized container system supplying it, whichever is greater.



Sec. 193.2407  Operational control.

    (a) Vaporizers must be equipped with devices which monitor the inlet 
pressure of the LNG, the outlet temperature, and the pressure of the 
vaporized gas, and the inlet pressure of the heating medium fluids.

[[Page 113]]

    (b) Manifolded vaporizers must be equipped with:
    (1) Two inlet valves in series to prevent LNG from entering an idle 
vaporizer; and
    (2) A means to remove LNG or gas which accumulates between the 
valves.



Sec. 193.2409  Shutoff valves.

    (a) A shutoff valve must be located on transfer piping supplying LNG 
to a vaporizer. The shutoff valve must be located at a sufficient 
distance from the vaporizer to minimize potential for damage from 
explosion or fire at the vaporizer. If the vaporizer is installed in a 
building, the shutoff valve must be located outside the building.
    (b) A shutoff valve must be located on each outlet of a vaporizer.
    (c) For vaporizers designed to use a flammable intermediate fluid, a 
shutoff valve must be located on the inlet and outlet line of the 
intermediate fluid piping system where they will be operable during a 
controllable emergency involving the vaporizer.



Sec. 193.2411  Relief devices.

    The capacity of pressure relief devices required for vaporizers by 
Sec. 193.2429 is governed by the following:
    (a) For heated vaporizers, the capacity must be at least 110 percent 
of rated natural gas flow capacity without allowing the pressure to rise 
more than 10 percent above the vaporizer's maximum allowable working 
pressure.
    (b) For ambient vaporizers, the capacity must be at least 150 
percent of rated natural gas flow capacity without allowing the pressure 
to rise more than 10 percent above the vaporizer's maximum allowable 
working pressure.



Sec. 193.2413  Combustion air intakes.

    (a) Combustion air intakes to vaporizers must be equipped with 
sensing devices to detect the induction of a flammable vapor.
    (b) If a heated vaporizer or vaporizer heater is located in a 
building, the combustion air intake must be located outside the 
building.

                         Liquefaction Equipment



Sec. 193.2415  General.

    Liquefaction equipment must comply with the requirements of this 
subpart and the other applicable requirements of this part.



Sec. 193.2417  Control of incoming gas.

    A shutoff valve must be located on piping delivering natural gas to 
each liquefaction system.



Sec. 193.2419  Backflow.

    Each multiple parallel piping system connected to liquefaction 
equipment must have devices to prevent backflow from causing a hazardous 
condition.



Sec. 193.2421  Cold boxes.

    (a) Each cold box in a liquefaction system must be equipped with a 
means of monitoring or detecting, as appropriate, the concentration of 
natural gas in the insulation space.
    (b) If the insulation space in a cold box is designed to operate 
with a gas rich atmosphere, additional natural gas must be introduced 
when the concentration of gas falls to 30 percent.
    (c) If the insulation space of a cold box is designed to operate 
with a gas free atmosphere, additional air or inert gas, as appropriate, 
must be introduced when the concentration of gas is 25 percent of the 
lower flammable limit.



Sec. 193.2423  Air in gas.

    Where incoming gas to liquefaction equipment contains air, each 
operator shall provide a means of preventing a flammable mixture from 
occurring under any operating condition.

                             Control Systems



Sec. 193.2427  General.

    (a) Control systems must comply with the requirements of this 
subpart and other applicable requirements of this part.
    (b) Each control system must be capable of performing its design 
function under normal operating conditions.
    (c) Control systems must be designed and installed in a manner to 
permit

[[Page 114]]

maintenance, including inspection or testing, in accordance with this 
part.
    (d) Local, remote, and redundant signal lines installed for control 
systems that can affect the operation of a component that does not fail 
safe must be routed separately or in separate underground conduits 
installed in accordance with ANSI/NFPA-70.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2429  Relief devices.

    (a) Each component containing a hazardous fluid must be equipped 
with a system of automatic relief devices which will release the 
contained fluid at a rate sufficient to prevent pressures from exceeding 
110 percent of the maximum allowable working pressure. In establishing 
relief capacity, each operator shall consider trapping of fluid between 
valves; the maximum rates of boiloff and expansion of fluid which may 
occur during normal operation, particularly cooldown; and controllable 
emergencies.
    (b) A component in which internal vacuum conditions can occur must 
be equipped with a system of relief devices or other control system to 
prevent development in the component of a vacuum that might create a 
hazardous condition. Introduction of gas into a component must not 
create a flammable mixture within the component.
    (c) In addition to the control system required by paragraphs (a) and 
(b) of this section--
    (1) Each LNG Storage tank must be equipped with relief devices to 
assure that design pressure and vacuum relief capacity is available 
during maintenance of the system; and
    (2) A manual means must be provided to relieve pressure and vacuum 
in an emergency.
    (d) Relief devices must be installed in a manner to minimize the 
possibility that release of fluid could--
    (1) Cause an emergency; or
    (2) Worsen a controllable emergency.
    (e) The means for adjusting the setpoint pressure of all adjustable 
relief devices must be sealed.
    (f) Relief devices which are installed to limit minimum or maximum 
pressure may not be used to handle boiloff and flash gases during normal 
operation.



Sec. 193.2431  Vents.

    (a) Hazardous fluids may not be relieved into the atmosphere of a 
building or other confined space.
    (b) Boiloff vents for hazardous fluids may not draw in air during 
operation.
    (c) Venting of natural gas/vapor under operational control which 
could produce a hazardous gas atmosphere must be directed to a flare 
stack or heat exchanger in order to raise its temperature to achieve 
positive buoyancy and safe venting.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70404, Oct. 
23, 1980]



Sec. 193.2433  Sensing devices.

    (a) Each operator shall determine the appropriate location for and 
install sensing devices as necessary to--
    (1) Monitor the operation of components to detect a malfunction 
which could cause a hazardous condition if permitted to continue; and
    (2) Detect the presence of fire or combustible gas in areas 
determined in accordance with section 500-5 of ANSI/NFPA 70 to have a 
potential for presence of flammable fluids.
    (b) Buildings in which potentially hazardous quantities of flammable 
fluids are used or handled must be continuously monitored by gas sensing 
devices set to activate audible and visual alarms in the building and at 
the control center when the concentration of the fluid in air is not 
more than 25 percent of the lower flammable limit.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2435  Warning devices.

    Each operator shall install warning devices in the control center to 
warn of hazardous conditions detected by all sensing devices required by 
this part. Warnings must be given both audibly and visibly and must be 
designed to gain the attention of personnel. Warnings must indicate the 
location and nature of the existing or potential hazard.

[[Page 115]]



Sec. 193.2437  Pump and compressor control.

    (a) Each pump and compressor for hazardous fluids must be equipped 
with--
    (1) A control system, operable locally and remotely, to shut down 
the pump or compressor in a controllable emergency;
    (2) A signal light at the pump or compressor and the remote control 
location which indicates whether the pump or compressor is in operation 
or off;
    (3) Adequate valving to ensure that the pump or compressor can be 
isolated for maintenance; and
    (4) A check valve on each discharge line where pumps or compressors 
operate in parallel.
    (b) Pumps or compressors in a cargo transfer system must have 
shutdown controls at the loading or unloading area and at the pump or 
compressor site.



Sec. 193.2439  Emergency shutdown control systems.

    (a) Each transfer system, vaporizer, liquefaction system, and 
storage system tank must be equipped with an emergency shutdown control 
system. The control must automatically actuate the shutdown of the 
component (providing pressure relief as necessary) when any of the 
following occurs:
    (1) Temperatures of the component exceed the limits determined under 
Sec. 193.2105;
    (2) Pressure outside the limits of the maximum and minimum design 
pressure;
    (3) Liquid in receiving vessel reaches the design maximum liquid 
level;
    (4) Gas concentrations in the area of the component exceed 40 
percent of the lower flammable limit;
    (5) A sudden excessive pressure change or other condition indicating 
a potentially dangerous condition; and
    (6) Presence of fire in area of component.
    (b) For cargo transfer systems where all transfer operations are 
continuously manned and visually supervised by qualified personnel, 
actuation of the emergency shutdown control system may be manual after 
devices warn of the events listed in paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) Except for components that operate unattended and are remote 
from the control center, a reasonable delay may be programmed in 
emergency shutdown control systems required by this section between 
warning and automated shutdown to provide for manual response.
    (d) Each LNG plant must have a shutdown control system to shut down 
all operations of the plant safely. The system must be operable at--
    (1) The control center; and
    (2) In the case of a plant where LNG facilities other than the 
control center are designed to operate unattended at the site of these 
facilities.



Sec. 193.2441  Control center.

    Each LNG plant must have a control center from which operations and 
warning devices are monitored as required by this part. A control center 
must have the following capabilities and characteristics:
    (a) It must be located apart or protected from other LNG facilities 
so that it is operational during a controllable emergency.
    (b) Each remotely actuated control system and each automatic 
shutdown control system required by this part must be operable from the 
control center.
    (c) Each control center must have personnel in continuous attendance 
while any of the components under its control are in operation, unless 
the control is being performed from another control center which has 
personnel in continuous attendance.
    (d) If more than one control center is located at an LNG Plant, each 
control center must have more than one means of communication with each 
other center.
    (e) Each control center must have a means of communicating a warning 
of hazardous conditions to other locations within the plant frequented 
by personnel.



Sec. 193.2443  Fail-safe control.

    Control systems for components must have a fail-safe design. A safe 
condition must be maintained until personnel take appropriate action 
either to reactivate the component

[[Page 116]]

served or to prevent a hazard from occurring.



Sec. 193.2445  Sources of power.

    (a) Electrical control systems, means of communication, emergency 
lighting, and firefighting systems must have at least two sources of 
power which function so that failure of one source does not affect the 
capability of the other source.
    (b) Where auxiliary generators are used as a second source of 
electrical power:
    (1) They must be located apart or protected from components so that 
they are not unusable during a controllable emergency; and
    (2) Fuel supply must be protected from hazards.



                          Subpart F--Operations

    Source: Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70405, Oct. 23, 1980, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 193.2501  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for the operation of LNG 
facilities.



Sec. 193.2503  Operating procedures.

    Each operator shall follow one or more manuals of written procedures 
to provide safety in normal operation and in responding to an abnormal 
operation that would affect safety. The procedures must include 
provisions for:
    (a) Monitoring components or buildings according to the requirements 
of Sec. 193.2507.
    (b) Startup and shutdown, including for initial startup, performance 
testing to demonstrate that components will operate satisfactory in 
service.
    (c) Recognizing abnormal operating conditions.
    (d) Purging and inerting components according to the requirements of 
Sec. 193.2517.
    (e) In the case of vaporization, maintaining the vaporization rate, 
temperature and pressure so that the resultant gas is within limits 
established for the vaporizer and the downstream piping;
    (f) In the case of liquefaction, maintaining temperatures, 
pressures, pressure differentials and flow rates, as applicable, within 
their design limits for:
    (1) Boilers;
    (2) Turbines and other prime movers;
    (3) Pumps, compressors, and expanders;
    (4) Purification and regeneration equipment; and
    (5) Equipment within cold boxes.
    (g) Cooldown of components according to the requirements of 
Sec. 193.2505; and
    (h) Compliance with Sec. 193.2805(b).



Sec. 193.2505  Cooldown.

    (a) The cooldown of each system of components that is subjected to 
cryogenic temperatures must be limited to a rate and distribution 
pattern that keeps thermal stresses within design limits during the 
cooldown period, paying particular attention to the performance of 
expansion and contraction devices.
    (b) After cooldown stabilization is reached, cryogenic piping 
systems must be checked for leaks in areas of flanges, valves, and 
seals.



Sec. 193.2507  Monitoring operations.

    Each component in operation or building determined under 
Sec. 193.2805(a)(2) in which a hazard to persons or property could exist 
must be monitored to detect fire or any malfunction or flammable fluid 
which could cause a hazardous condition. Monitoring must be accomplished 
by watching or listening from an attended control center for warning 
alarms, such as gas, temperature, pressure, vacuum, and flow alarms, or 
by conducting an inspection or test at intervals specified in the 
operating procedures.



Sec. 193.2509  Emergency procedures.

    (a) Each operator shall determine the types and places of 
emergencies other than fires that may reasonably be expected to occur at 
an LNG plant due to operating malfunctions, structural collapse, 
personnel error, forces of nature, and activities adjacent to the plant.
    (b) To adequately handle each type of emergency identified under 
paragraph (a) of this section and each fire emergency identified under 
Sec. 193.2817(a), each operator shall follow one or more manuals of 
written procedures. The procedures must provide for the following:

[[Page 117]]

    (1) Responding to controllable emergencies, including notifying 
personnel and using equipment appropriate for handling the emergency.
    (2) Recognizing an uncontrollable emergency and taking action to 
minimize harm to the public and personnel, including prompt notification 
of appropriate local officials of the emergency and possible need for 
evacuation of the public in the vicinity of the LNG plant.
    (3) Coordinating with appropriate local officials in preparation of 
an emergency evacuation plan, which sets forth the steps required to 
protect the public in the event of an emergency, including catastrophic 
failure of an LNG storage tank.
    (4) Cooperating with appropriate local officials in evacuations and 
emergencies requiring mutual assistance and keeping these officials 
advised of:
    (i) The LNG plant fire control equipment, its location, and quantity 
of units located throughout the plant;
    (ii) Potential hazards at the plant, including fires;
    (iii) Communication and emergency control capabilities at the LNG 
plant; and
    (iv) The status of each emergency.



Sec. 193.2511  Personnel safety.

    (a) Each operator shall provide any special protective clothing and 
equipment necessary for the safety of personnel while they are 
performing emergency response duties.
    (b) All personnel who are normally on duty at a fixed location, such 
as a building or yard, where they could be harmed by thermal radiation 
from a burning pool of impounded liquid, must be provided a means of 
protection at that location from the harmful effects of thermal 
radiation or a means of escape.
    (c) Each LNG plant must be equipped with suitable first-aid 
material, the location of which is clearly marked and readily available 
to personnel.



Sec. 193.2513  Transfer procedures.

    (a) Each transfer of LNG or other hazardous fluid must be conducted 
in accordance with one or more manuals of written procedures to provide 
for safe transfers.
    (b) The transfer procedures must include provisions for personnel 
to:
    (1) Before transfer, verify that the transfer system is ready for 
use, with connections and controls in proper positions, including if the 
system could contain a combustible mixture, verifying that it has been 
adequately purged in accordance with a procedure which meets the 
requirements of AGA ``Purging Principles and Practice.''
    (2) Before transfer, verify that each receiving container or tank 
vehicle does not contain any substance that would be incompatible with 
the incoming fluid and that there is sufficient capacity available to 
receive the amount of fluid to be transferred;
    (3) Before transfer, verify the maximum filling volume of each 
receiving container or tank vehicle to ensure that expansion of the 
incoming fluid due to warming will not result in overfilling or 
overpressure;
    (4) When making bulk transfer of LNG into a partially filled 
(excluding cooldown heel) container, determine any differences in 
temperature or specific gravity between the LNG being transferred and 
the LNG already in the container and, if necessary, provide a means to 
prevent rollover due to stratification.
    (5) Verify that the transfer operations are proceeding within design 
conditions and that overpressure or overfilling does not occur by 
monitoring applicable flow rates, liquid levels, and vapor returns.
    (6) Manually terminate the flow before overfilling or overpressure 
occurs; and
    (7) Deactivate cargo transfer systems in a safe manner by 
depressurizing, venting, and disconnecting lines and conducting any 
other appropriate operations.
    (c) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (b) of this 
section, the procedures for cargo transfer must be located at the 
transfer area and include provisions for personnel to:
    (1) Be in constant attendance during all cargo transfer operations;
    (2) Prohibit the backing of tank trucks in the transfer area, except 
when a person is positioned at the rear of the truck giving instructions 
to the driver;

[[Page 118]]

    (3) Before transfer, verify that:
    (i) Each tank car or tank truck complies with applicable regulations 
governing its use;
    (ii) All transfer hoses have been visually inspected for damage and 
defects;
    (iii) Each tank truck is properly immobilized with chock wheels, and 
electrically grounded; and
    (iv) Each tank truck engine is shut off unless it is required for 
transfer operations;
    (4) Prevent a tank truck engine that is off during transfer 
operations from being restarted until the transfer lines have been 
disconnected and any released vapors have dissipated;
    (5) Prevent loading LNG into a tank car or tank truck that is not in 
exclusive LNG service or that does not contain a positive pressure if it 
is in exclusive LNG service, until after the oxygen content in the tank 
is tested and if it exceeds 2 percent by volume, purged in accordance 
with a procedure that meets the requirements of AGA ``Purging Principles 
and Practice;''
    (6) Verify that all transfer lines have been disconnected and 
equipment cleared before the tank car or tank truck is moved from the 
transfer position; and
    (7) Verify that transfers into a pipeline system will not exceed the 
pressure or temperature limits of the system.



Sec. 193.2515  Investigations of failures.

    (a) Each operator shall investigate the cause of each explosion, 
fire, or LNG spill or leak which results in:
    (1) Death or injury requiring hospitalization; or
    (2) Property damage exceeding $10,000.
    (b) As a result of the investigation, appropriate action must be 
taken to minimize recurrence of the incident.
    (c) If the Administrator or relevant state agency under the pipeline 
safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.) investigates an incident, the 
operator involved shall make available all relevant information and 
provide reasonable assistance in conducting the investigation. Unless 
necessary to restore or maintain service, or for safety, no component 
involved in the incident may be moved from its location or otherwise 
altered until the investigation is complete or the investigating agency 
otherwise provides. Where components must be moved for operational or 
safety reasons, they must not be removed from the plant site and must be 
maintained intact to the extent practicable until the investigation is 
complete or the investigating agency otherwise provides.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70405, Oct. 23, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-10, 61 
FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 193.2517  Purging.

    When necessary for safety, components that could accumulate 
significant amounts of combustible mixtures must be purged in accordance 
with a procedure which meets the provisions of the AGA ``Purging 
Principles and Practice'' after being taken out of service and before 
being returned to service.



Sec. 193.2519  Communication systems.

    (a) Each LNG plant must have a primary communication system that 
provides for verbal communications between all operating personnel at 
their work stations in the LNG plant.
    (b) Each LNG plant in excess of 70,000 gallons storage capacity must 
have an emergency communication system that provides for verbal 
communications between all persons and locations necessary for the 
orderly shutdown of operating equipment and the operation of safety 
equipment in time of emergency. The emergency communication system must 
be independent of and physically separated from the primary 
communication system and the security communication system under 
Sec. 193.2909.
    (c) Each communication system required by this part must have an 
auxiliary source of power, except sound-powered equipment.



Sec. 193.2521  Operating records.

    Each operator shall maintain a record of the results of each 
inspection, test, and investigation required by this subpart. Such 
records must be kept for a period of not less than 5 years.

[[Page 119]]



                         Subpart G--Maintenance

    Source: Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70407, Oct. 23, 1980, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 193.2601  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for maintaining components at 
LNG plants.



Sec. 193.2603  General.

    (a) Each component in service, including its support system, must be 
maintained in a condition that is compatible with its operational or 
safety purpose by repair, replacement, or other means.
    (b) An operator may not place, return, or continue in service any 
component which is not maintained in accordance with this subpart.
    (c) Each component taken out of service must be identified in the 
records kept under Sec. 193.2639.
    (d) If a safety device is taken out of service for maintenance, the 
component being served by the device must be taken out of service unless 
the same safety function is provided by an alternate means.
    (e) If the inadvertent operation of a component taken out of service 
could cause a hazardous condition, that component must have a tag 
attached to the controls bearing the words ``do not operate'' or words 
of comparable meaning.



Sec. 193.2605  Maintenance procedures.

    (a) Each operator shall determine and perform, consistent with 
generally accepted engineering practice, the periodic inspections or 
tests needed to meet the applicable requirements of this subpart and to 
verify that components meet the maintenance standards prescribed by this 
subpart.
    (b) Each operator shall follow one or more manuals of written 
procedures for the maintenance of each component, including any required 
corrosion control. The procedures must include:
    (1) The details of the inspections or tests determined under 
paragraph (a) of this section and their frequency of performance; and
    (2) A description of other actions necessary to maintain the LNG 
plant in accordance with the requirements of this subpart and 
Sec. 193.2805.
    (c) Each operator shall include in the manual required by paragraph 
(b) of this section instructions enabling personnel who perform 
operation and maintenance activities to recognize conditions that 
potentially may be safety-related conditions that are subject to the 
reporting requirements of Sec. 191.23 of this subchapter.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70407, Oct. 23, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-5, 53 
FR 24950, July 1, 1988; 53 FR 26560, July 13, 1988]



Sec. 193.2607  Foreign material.

    (a) The presence of foreign material, contaminants, or ice shall be 
avoided or controlled to maintain the operational safety of each 
component.
    (b) LNG plant grounds must be free from rubbish, debris, and other 
material which present a fire hazard. Grass areas on the LNG plant 
grounds must be maintained in a manner that does not present a fire 
hazard.



Sec. 193.2609  Support systems.

    Each support system or foundation of each component must be 
inspected for any detrimental change that could impair support.



Sec. 193.2611  Fire protection.

    (a) Maintenance activities on fire control equipment must be 
scheduled so that a minimum of equipment is taken out of service at any 
one time and is returned to service in a reasonable period of time.
    (b) Access routes for movement of fire control equipment within each 
LNG plant must be maintained to reasonably provide for use in all 
weather conditions.



Sec. 193.2613  Auxiliary power sources.

    Each auxiliary power source must be tested monthly to check its 
operational capability and tested annually for capacity. The capacity 
test must take into account the power needed to start up and 
simultaneously operate equipment that would have to be served by that 
power source in an emergency.

[[Page 120]]



Sec. 193.2615  Isolating and purging.

    (a) Before personnel begin maintenance activities on components 
handling flammable fluids which are isolated for maintenance, the 
component must be purged in accordance with a procedure which meets the 
requirements of AGA ``Purging Principles and Practices,'' unless the 
maintenance procedures under Sec. 193.2605 provide that the activity can 
be safely performed without purging.
    (b) If the component or maintenance activity provides an ignition 
source, a technique in addition to isolation valves (such as removing 
spool pieces or valves and blank flanging the piping, or double block 
and bleed valving) must be used to ensure that the work area is free of 
flammable fluids.



Sec. 193.2617  Repairs.

    (a) Repair work on components must be performed and tested in a 
manner which:
    (1) As far as practicable, complies with the applicable requirements 
of Subpart D of this part; and
    (2) Assures the integrity and operational safety of the component 
being repaired.
    (b) For repairs made while a component is operating, each operator 
shall include in the maintenance procedures under Sec. 193.2605 
appropriate precautions to maintain the safety of personnel and property 
during repair activities.



Sec. 193.2619  Control systems.

    (a) Each control system must be properly adjusted to operate within 
design limits.
    (b) If a control system is out of service for 30 days or more, it 
must be inspected and tested for operational capability before returning 
it to service.
    (c) Control systems in service, but not normally in operation (such 
as relief valves and automatic shutdown devices), must be inspected and 
tested once each calendar year, but with intervals not exceeding 15 
months, with the following exceptions:
    (1) Control systems used seasonally, such as for liquefaction or 
vaporization, must be inspected and tested before use each season.
    (2) Control systems that are intended for fire protection must be 
inspected and tested at regular intervals not to exceed 6 months.
    (d) Control systems that are normally in operation, such as required 
by a base load system, must be inspected and tested once each calendar 
year but with intervals not exceeding 15 months.
    (e) Relief valves must be inspected and tested for verification of 
the valve seat lifting pressure and reseating.



Sec. 193.2621  Testing transfer hoses.

    Hoses used in LNG or flammable refrigerant transfer systems must be:
    (a) Tested once each calendar year, but with intervals not exceeding 
15 months, to the maximum pump pressure or relief valve setting; and
    (b) Visually inspected for damage or defects before each use.



Sec. 193.2623  Inspecting LNG storage tanks.

    Each LNG storage tank must be inspected or tested to verify that 
each of the following conditions does not impair the structural 
integrity or safety of the tank:
    (a) Foundation and tank movement during normal operation and after a 
major meteorological or geophysical disturbance.
    (b) Inner tank leakage.
    (c) Effectiveness of insulation.
    (d) Frost heave.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70407, Oct. 23, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 32720, 
July 29, 1982]



Sec. 193.2625  Corrosion protection.

    (a) Each operator shall determine which metallic components could, 
unless corrosion is controlled, have their integrity or reliability 
adversely affected by external, internal, or atmospheric corrosion 
during their intended service life.
    (b) Components whose integrity or reliability could be adversely 
affected by corrosion must be either--
    (1) Protected from corrosion in accordance with Secs. 193.2627 
through 193.2635, as applicable; or
    (2) Inspected and replaced under a program of scheduled maintenance 
in accordance with procedures established under Sec. 193.2605.

[[Page 121]]



Sec. 193.2627  Atmospheric corrosion control.

    Each exposed component that is subject to atmospheric corrosive 
attack must be protected from atmospheric corrosion by--
    (a) Material that has been designed and selected to resist the 
corrosive atmosphere involved; or
    (b) Suitable coating or jacketing.



Sec. 193.2629  External corrosion control: buried or submerged components.

    (a) Each buried or submerged component that is subject to external 
corrosive attack must be protected from external corrosion by--
    (1) Material that has been designed and selected to resist the 
corrosive environment involved; or
    (2) The following means:
    (i) An external protective coating designed and installed to prevent 
corrosion attack and to meet the requirements of Sec. 192.461 of this 
chapter; and
    (ii) A cathodic protection system designed to protect components in 
their entirety in accordance with the requirements of Sec. 192.463 of 
this chapter and placed in operation before October 23, 1981, or within 
1 year after the component is constructed or installed, whichever is 
later.
    (b) Where cathodic protection is applied, components that are 
electrically interconnected must be protected as a unit.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70407, Oct. 23, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 32720, 
July 29, 1982]



Sec. 193.2631  Internal corrosion control.

    Each component that is subject to internal corrosive attack must be 
protected from internal corrosion by--
    (a) Material that has been designed and selected to resist the 
corrosive fluid involved; or
    (b) Suitable coating, inhibitor, or other means.



Sec. 193.2633  Interference currents.

    (a) Each component that is subject to electrical current 
interference must be protected by a continuing program to minimize the 
detrimental effects of currents.
    (b) Each cathodic protection system must be designed and installed 
so as to minimize any adverse effects it might cause to adjacent metal 
components.
    (c) Each impressed current power source must be installed and 
maintained to prevent adverse interference with communications and 
control systems.



Sec. 193.2635  Monitoring corrosion control.

    Corrosion protection provided as required by this subpart must be 
periodically monitored to give early recognition of ineffective 
corrosion protection, including the following, as applicable:
    (a) Each buried or submerged component under cathodic protection 
must be tested at least once each calendar year, but with intervals not 
exceeding 15 months, to determine whether the cathodic protection meets 
the requirements of Sec. 192.463 of this chapter.
    (b) Each cathodic protection rectifier or other impressed current 
power source must be inspected at least 6 times each calendar year, but 
with intervals not exceeding 2\1/2\ months, to ensure that it is 
operating properly.
    (c) Each reverse current switch, each diode, and each interference 
bond whose failure would jeopardize component protection must be 
electrically checked for proper performance at least 6 times each 
calendar year, but with intervals not exceeding 2\1/2\ months. Each 
other interference bond must be checked at least once each calendar 
year, but with intervals not exceeding 15 months.
    (d) Each component that is protected from atmospheric corrosion must 
be inspected at intervals not exceeding 3 years.
    (e) If a component is protected from internal corrosion, monitoring 
devices designed to detect internal corrosion, such as coupons or 
probes, must be located where corrosion is most likely to occur. 
However, monitoring is not required for corrosion resistant materials if 
the operator can demonstrate that the component will not be adversely 
affected by internal corrosion during its service life. Internal 
corrosion control monitoring devices must be checked at least two times 
each calendar year, but with intervals not exceeding 7\1/2\ months.

[[Page 122]]



Sec. 193.2637  Remedial measures.

    Prompt corrective or remedial action must be taken whenever an 
operator learns by inspection or otherwise that atmospheric, external, 
or internal corrosion is not controlled as required by this subpart.



Sec. 193.2639  Maintenance records.

    (a) Each operator shall keep a record at each LNG plant of the date 
and type of each maintenance activity performed on each component to 
meet the requirements of this subpart, including periodic tests and 
inspections, for a period of not less than five years.
    (b) Each operator shall maintain records or maps to show the 
location of cathodically protected components, neighboring structures 
bonded to the cathodic protection system, and corrosion protection 
equipment.
    (c) Each of the following records must be retained for as long as 
the LNG facility remains in service:
    (1) Each record or map required by paragraph (b) of this section.
    (2) Records of each test, survey, or inspection required by this 
subpart in sufficient detail to demonstrate the adequacy of corrosion 
control measures.



            Subpart H--Personnel Qualifications and Training

    Source: Sections 193.2707 through 193.2719 appear at 45 FR 70404, 
Oct. 23, 1980 (Amdt. 193-2), unless otherwise noted.



Sec. 193.2701  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for personnel qualifications 
and training.

[45 FR 9219, Feb. 11, 1980]



Sec. 193.2703  Design and fabrication.

    For the design and fabrication of components, each operator shall 
use--
    (a) With respect to design, persons who have demonstrated competence 
by training or experience in the design of comparable components.
    (b) With respect to fabrication, persons who have demonstrated 
competence by training or experience in the fabrication of comparable 
components.

[45 FR 9219, Feb. 11, 1980]



Sec. 193.2705  Construction, installation, inspection, and testing.

    (a) Supervisors and other personnel utilized for construction, 
installation, inspection, or testing must have demonstrated their 
capability to perform satisfactorily the assigned function by 
appropriate training in the methods and equipment to be used or related 
experience and accomplishments.
    (b) Each operator must periodically determine whether inspectors 
performing duties under Sec. 193.2307 are satisfactorily performing 
their assigned function.

[45 FR 9219, Feb. 11, 1980]



Sec. 193.2707  Operations and maintenance.

    (a) Each operator shall utilize for operation or maintenance of 
components only those personnel who have demonstrated their capability 
to perform their assigned functions by--
    (1) Successful completion of the training required by Secs. 193.2713 
and 193.2717; and
    (2) Experience related to the assigned operation or maintenance 
function; and
    (3) Acceptable performance on a proficiency test relevant to the 
assigned function.
    (b) A person who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of 
this section may operate or maintain a component when accompanied and 
directed by an individual who meets the requirements.
    (c) Corrosion control procedures under Sec. 193.2605(b), including 
those for the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of 
cathodic protection systems, must be carried out by, or under the 
direction of, a person qualified by experience and training in corrosion 
control technology.



Sec. 193.2709  Security.

    Personnel having security duties must be qualified to perform their 
assigned duties by successful completion of the training required under 
Sec. 193.2715.

[[Page 123]]



Sec. 193.2711  Personnel health.

    Each operator shall follow a written plan to verify that personnel 
assigned operating, maintenance, security, or fire protection duties at 
the LNG plant do not have any physical condition that would impair 
performance of their assigned duties. The plan must be designed to 
detect both readily observable disorders, such as physical handicaps or 
injury, and conditions requiring professional examination for discovery.



Sec. 193.2713  Training: operations and maintenance.

    (a) Each operator shall provide and implement a written plan of 
initial training to instruct--
    (1) All permanent maintenance, operating, and supervisory 
personnel--
    (i) About the characteristics and hazards of LNG and other flammable 
fluids used or handled at the facility, including, with regard to LNG, 
low temperatures, flammability of mixtures with air, odorless vapor, 
boiloff characteristics, and reaction to water and water spray;
    (ii) About the potential hazards involved in operating and 
maintenance activities; and
    (iii) To carry out aspects of the operating and maintenance 
procedures under Secs. 193.2503 and 193.2605 that relate to their 
assigned functions; and
    (2) All personnel--
    (i) To carry out the emergency procedures under Sec. 193.2509 that 
relate to their assigned functions; and
    (ii) To give first-aid; and
    (3) All operating and appropriate supervisory personnel--
    (i) To understand detailed instructions on the facility operations, 
including controls, functions, and operating procedures; and
    (ii) To understand the LNG transfer procedures provided under 
Sec. 193.2513.
    (b) A written plan of continuing instruction must be conducted at 
intervals of not more than two years to keep all personnel current on 
the knowledge and skills they gained in the program of initial 
instruction.



Sec. 193.2715  Training: security.

    (a) Personnel responsible for security at an LNG plant must be 
trained in accordance with a written plan of initial instruction to:
    (1) Recognize breaches of security;
    (2) Carry out the security procedures under Sec. 193.2903 that 
relate to their assigned duties;
    (3) Be familiar with basic plant operations and emergency 
procedures, as necessary to effectively perform their assigned duties; 
and
    (4) Recognize conditions where security assistance is needed.
    (b) A written plan of continuing instruction must be conducted at 
intervals of not more than two years to keep all personnel having 
security duties current on the knowledge and skills they gained in the 
program of initial instruction.



Sec. 193.2717  Training: fire protection.

    (a) All personnel involved in maintenance and operations of an LNG 
plant, including their immediate supervisors, must be trained in 
accordance with a written plan of initial instruction, including plant 
fire drills, to:
    (1) Know and follow the fire prevention procedures under 
Sec. 193.2805(b);
    (2) Know the potential causes and areas of fire determined under 
Sec. 193.2805(a);
    (3) Know the types, sizes, and predictable consequences of fire 
determined under Sec. 193.2817(a); and
    (4) Know and be able to perform their assigned fire control duties 
according to the procedures established under Sec. 193.2509 and by 
proper use of equipment provided under Sec. 193.2817.
    (b) A written plan of continuing instruction, including plant fire 
drills, must be conducted at intervals of not more than two years to 
keep personnel current on the knowledge and skills they gained in the 
instruction under paragraph (a) of the section.



Sec. 193.2719  Training: records.

    (a) Each operator shall maintain a system of records which--
    (1) Provide evidence that the training programs required by this 
subpart have been implemented; and
    (2) Provide evidence that personnel have undergone and 
satisfactorily completed the required training programs.

[[Page 124]]

    (b) Records must be maintained for one year after personnel are no 
longer assigned duties at the LNG plant.



                       Subpart I--Fire Protection

    Source: Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70408, Oct. 23, 1980, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 193.2801  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for fire prevention and fire 
control at LNG plants. However, the requirements do not apply to 
existing LNG plants that do not contain LNG.

[Amdt. 193-4, 52 FR 675, Jan. 8, 1987]



Sec. 193.2803  General.

    Each operator shall use sound fire protection engineering principles 
to minimize the occurrence and consequences of fire.



Sec. 193.2805  Fire prevention plan.

    (a) Each operator shall determine--
    (1) Those potential sources of ignition located inside and adjacent 
to the LNG plant which could cause fires that affect the safety of the 
plant; and
    (2) Those areas, as described in section 500-5 of ANSI/NFPA 70, 
where the potential exists for the presence of flammable fluids in an 
LNG plant. Determinations made under this paragraph must be kept 
current.
    (b) With respect to areas determined under paragraph (a)(2) of this 
section, each operator shall include in the operating and maintenance 
procedures under Secs. 193.2503 and 193.2605, as appropriate, steps 
necessary to minimize--
    (1) The leakage or release of flammable fluids; and
    (2) The possibility of flammable fluids being ignited by sources 
identified under paragraph (a)(1) of this section.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14523, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2807  Smoking.

    (a)(1) Smoking is prohibited at an LNG plant in areas identified 
under Sec. 193.2805(a)(2).
    (2) Smoking is permitted only in such locations that the operator 
designates as a smoking area.
    (b) Signs marked with the words ``smoking permitted'' must be 
displayed in prominent places in each smoking area designated under 
paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) Signs marked with the words ``NO SMOKING'' must be displayed in 
prominent places in areas where smoking is prohibited.



Sec. 193.2809  Open fires.

    (a) No open fires are permitted at an LNG plant, except at flare 
stacks and at times and places designated by the operator.
    (b) Whenever an open fire is designated, there must be at the site 
of the fire--
    (1) Trained fire fighting personnel; and
    (2) Fire control equipment which has the capability of extinguishing 
the fire.
    (c) The fire fighting personnel and equipment must remain at the 
fire site until the fire is extinguished and there is no possibility of 
reignition.



Sec. 193.2811  Hotwork.

    Welding, flame cutting, and similar operations are prohibited, 
except at times and places that the operator designates in writing as 
safe and when constantly supervised in accordance with ANSI/NFPA-51B.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2813  Storage of flammable fluids.

    Flammable fluids may not be stored in areas where ignition sources 
are present, unless stored in accordance with the requirements of 
chapter 4 of ANSI/NFPA 30.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2815  Motorized equipment.

    Use of motor vehicles and other motorized equipment which constitute 
potential ignition sources is prohibited in an impounding space, in 
areas within 15 m (49.2 ft) of a storage tank, and in areas within 15 m 
(49.2 ft) of processing equipment containing a flammable fluid except-
    (a) At times the operator designates in writing as safe; and

[[Page 125]]

    (b) When the motorized equipment is constantly attended.



Sec. 193.2817  Fire equipment.

    (a) Each operator shall determine: (1) The types and sizes of fires 
that may reasonably be expected to occur within and adjacent to each LNG 
plant that could affect the safety of components; and
    (2) The foreseeable consequences of these fires, including the 
failure of components or buildings due to heat exposure.
    (b) Each operator shall provide and maintain fire control equipment 
and supplies in accordance with the applicable requirements of ANSI/NFPA 
59A to protect or cool components that could fail due to heat exposure 
from fires determined under paragraph (a) of this section and either 
worsen an emergency or endanger persons or property located outside the 
plant. Protection or cooling must be provided for as long as the heat 
exposure exists. The fire control equipment and supplies must include 
the following:
    (1) Portable fire extinguishers suitable for types of fires 
identified under paragraph (a) of this section; and
    (2) If the total inventory of LNG is 265 m3 (70,000 gal.) or 
more, a water supply and associated delivery system.
    (c) Each operator shall determine the type, size, quantity and 
location of the fire control equipment and supplies required under 
paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) Each operator shall provide each facility person who may be 
endangered by exposure to fire or the products of combustion in 
performing fire control duties protective clothing and equipment, 
including, if necessary, a self-contained breathing apparatus.
    (e) Portable fire control equipment, protective clothing and 
equipment for personnel use, controls for fixed fire control equipment, 
and fire control supplies must be conspicuously located, marked for easy 
recognition, and readily available for use.
    (f) Fire control equipment must have operating instructions. 
Instructions must be attached to portable equipment and placed at the 
location of controls for fixed equipment.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 193.2819  Gas detection.

    (a) All areas determined under Sec. 193.2805(a)(2) in which a hazard 
to persons or property could exist must be continuously monitored for 
the presence of flammable gases and vapors with fixed flammable gas 
detection systems provided and maintained according to the applicable 
requirements of ANSI/NFPA 59A.
    (b) Each fixed flammable gas detection system must be provided with 
audible and visible alarms located at an attended control room or 
control station, and an audible alarm in the area of gas detection.
    (c) Flammable gas detection alarms must be set to activate at not 
more than 25 percent of the lower flammable limit of the gas or vapor 
being monitored.
    (d) Gas detection systems must be installed so that they can be 
readily tested as required by ANSI/NFPA 59A.
    (e) A minimum of two portable flammable gas detectors capable of 
measuring the lower flammable limit must be available at the LNG plant 
for use at all times.
    (f) All enclosed buildings that house a flammable fluid or are 
connected by piping or uninterrupted conduit to a source of flammable 
fluid must be continuously monitored for the presence of flammable gases 
and vapors with a fixed flammable gas detection system that provides a 
visible or audible alarm outside the enclosed building. The systems must 
be provided and maintained according to the applicable requirements of 
ANSI/NFPA 59A.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993; 
Amdt. 193-12, 61 FR 27793, June 3, 1996]



Sec. 193.2821  Fire detection.

    (a) Fire detectors that continuously monitor for the presence of 
either flame, heat, or products of combustion must be provided in all 
areas determined under Sec. 193.2805(a)(2) in which a hazard to persons 
or property could exist and in all other areas that are

[[Page 126]]

used for the storage of flammable or combustible material.
    (b) Each fire detection system must be provided with audible and 
visible alarms located at an attended control room or control station, 
and an audible alarm in the area of fire detection. The systems must be 
provided and maintained according to the applicable requirements of 
ANSI/NFPA 59A.

[45 FR 9203, Feb. 11, 1980, as amended at 58 FR 14522, Mar. 18, 1993]



                           Subpart J--Security

    Source: Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70409, Oct. 23, 1980, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 193.2901  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes requirements for security at LNG plants. 
However, the requirements do not apply to existing LNG plants that do 
not contain LNG.

[Amdt. 193-4, 52 FR 675, Jan. 8, 1987]



Sec. 193.2903  Security procedures.

    Each operator shall prepare and follow one or more manuals of 
written procedures to provide security for each LNG plant. The 
procedures must be available at the plant in accordance with 
Sec. 193.2017 and include at least:
    (a) A description and schedule of security inspections and patrols 
performed in accordance with Sec. 193.2913;
    (b) A list of security personnel positions or responsibilities 
utilized at the LNG plant;
    (c) A brief description of the duties associated with each security 
personnel position or responsibility;
    (d) Instructions for actions to be taken, including notification of 
other appropriate plant personnel and law enforcement officials, when 
there is any indication of an actual or attempted breach of security;
    (e) Methods for determining which persons are allowed access to the 
LNG plant;
    (f) Positive identification of all persons entering the plant and on 
the plant, including methods at least as effective as picture badges; 
and
    (g) Liaison with local law enforcement officials to keep them 
informed about current security procedures under this section.



Sec. 193.2905  Protective enclosures.

    (a) The following facilities must be surrounded by a protective 
enclosure:
    (1) Storage tanks;
    (2) Impounding systems;
    (3) Vapor barriers;
    (4) Cargo transfer systems;
    (5) Process, liquefaction, and vaporization equipment;
    (6) Control rooms and stations;
    (7) Control systems;
    (8) Fire control equipment;
    (9) Security communications systems; and
    (10) Alternative power sources.

The protective enclosure may be one or more separate enclosures 
surrounding a single facility or multiple facilities.
    (b) Ground elevations outside a protective enclosure must be graded 
in a manner that does not impair the effectiveness of the enclosure.
    (c) Protective enclosures may not be located near features outside 
of the facility, such as trees, poles, or buildings, which could be used 
to breach the security.
    (d) At least two accesses must be provided in each protective 
enclosure and be located to minimize the escape distance in the event of 
emergency.
    (e) Each access must be locked unless it is continuously guarded. 
During normal operations, an access may be unlocked only by persons 
designated in writing by the operator. During an emergency, a means must 
be readily available to all facility personnel within the protective 
enclosure to open each access.



Sec. 193.2907  Protective enclosure construction.

    (a) Each protective enclosure must have sufficient strength and 
configuration to obstruct unauthorized access to the facilities 
enclosed.
    (b) Openings in or under protective enclosures must be secured by 
grates, doors or covers of construction and fastening of sufficient 
strength such that the integrity of the protective enclosure is not 
reduced by any opening.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70409, Oct. 23, 1980, as amended by Amdt. 193-12, 61 
FR 27793, June 3, 1996; 61 FR 45905, Aug. 30, 1996]

[[Page 127]]



Sec. 193.2909  Security communications.

    A means must be provided for:
    (a) Prompt communications between personnel having supervisory 
security duties and law enforcement officials; and
    (b) Direct communications between all on-duty personnel having 
security duties and all control rooms and control stations.



Sec. 193.2911  Security lighting.

    Where security warning systems are not provided for security 
monitoring under Sec. 193.2913, the area around the facilities listed 
under Sec. 193.2905(a) and each protective enclosure must be illuminated 
with a minimum in service lighting intensity of not less than 2.2 lux 
(0.2 ftc) between sunset and sunrise.



Sec. 193.2913  Security monitoring.

    Each protective enclosure and the area around each facility listed 
in Sec. 193.2905(a) must be monitored for the presence of unauthorized 
persons. Monitoring must be by visual observation in accordance with the 
schedule in the security procedures under Sec. 193.2903(a) or by 
security warning systems that continuously transmit data to an attended 
location. At an LNG plant with less than 40,000 m3 (250,000 bbl) of 
storage capacity, only the protective enclosure must be monitored.



Sec. 193.2915  Alternative power sources.

    An alternative source of power that meets the requirements of 
Sec. 193.2445 must be provided for security lighting and security 
monitoring and warning systems required under Secs. 193.2911 and 
193.2913.



Sec. 193.2917  Warning signs.

    (a) Warning signs must be conspicuously placed along each protective 
enclosure at intervals so that at least one sign is recognizable at 
night from a distance of 30m (100 ft.) from any way that could 
reasonably be used to approach the enclosure.
    (b) Signs must be marked with at least the following on a background 
of sharply contrasting color:

The words ``NO TRESPASSING,'' or words of comparable meaning.

[Amdt. 193-2, 45 FR 70409, Oct. 23, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 32720, 
July 29, 1982]

           Appendix A to Part 193--Incorporation by Reference

                 I. List of Organizations and Addresses

    A. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Box 19150, Redford Station, 
Detroit, MI 48219-0150.
    B. American Gas Association (AGA), 1515 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, 
VA 22209.
    C. American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 11 West 42nd 
Street, New York, NY 10036.
    D. American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street, NW., 
Washington, DC 20005.
    E. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), United 
Engineering Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.
    F. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, 
P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
    G. International Conference of Building Officials, 5360 South 
Workman Mill Road, Whittier, CA 90601.
    H. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 345 East 47th Street, 
New York, NY 10017-2398.

    II. Documents Incorporated by Reference. (Numbers in Parentheses 
                      Indicate Applicable Editions)

    A. American Concrete Institute (ACI):
    1. ACI Standard 311.4R-88 ``Guide for Concrete Inspection'' (1988).
    2. ACI Standard 311.5R-88 ``Batch Plant Inspection and Field Testing 
of Ready-Mixed Concrete'' (1988).
    B. American Gas Association (AGA):
    1. ``Evaluation of LNG Vapor Control Methods'' (October 1974).
    2. ``Purging Principles and Practices'' (1975).
    C. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE):
    1. ASCE 7-95 ``Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other 
Structures'' (1995).
    D. American Petroleum Institute (API):
    1. API Specification 6D ``Specification for Pipeline Valves (Gate, 
Plug, Ball, and Check Valves)'' (21st edition, 1994).
    2. API Standard 620 ``Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-
Pressure Storage Tanks'' (8th edition, 1990).
    3. API Standard 1104 ``Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities'' 
(18th edition, 1994).
    E. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME):
    1. ASME/ANSI B31.3 ``Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping'' 
(1993 edition with ASME/ANSI B31.3a-1993, B31.b-1994 and B31.c-1995 
Addenda).

[[Page 128]]

    2. ASME/ANSI B31.5 ``Refrigeration Piping'' (1992 edition with ASME 
B31.5a-1994 Addenda).
    3. ASME/ANSI B31.8 ``Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping 
Systems'' (1995).
    4. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I ``Power Boilers'' 
(1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    5. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IV, ``Heating 
Boilers'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    6. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 
``Pressure Vessels'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    7. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 2, 
``Pressure Vessels: Alternative Rules'' (1995 edition with 1995 
Addenda).
    8. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, ``Welding and 
Brazing Qualifications'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    F. International Conference of Building Officials (ICBU):
    1. ``Uniform Building Code'' (UBC) (1994).
    G. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
    1. ANSI/NFPA 30 ``Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code'' (1993)
    2. ANSI/NFPA 37 ``Standard for the Installation and Use of 
Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines'' (1994).
    3. ANSI/NFPA 51B ``Standard for Fire Prevention in Use of Cutting 
and Welding Processes'' (1994).
    4. ANSI/NFPA 59A ``Standard for the Production, Storage, and 
Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)'' (1972 edition for 
Sec. 193.2005(c), otherwise 1996 edition).
    5. ANSI/NFPA 70 ``National Electrical Code'' (1996).

[58 FR 14523, Mar. 18, 1993, as amended by Amdt. 193-11, 61 FR 26123, 
May 24, 1996]



PART 194--RESPONSE PLANS FOR ONSHORE OIL PIPELINES--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
194.1  Purpose.
194.3  Applicability.
194.5  Definitions.
194.7  Operating restrictions and interim operating authorization.

                        Subpart B--Response Plans

194.101  Operators required to submit plans.
194.103  Significant and substantial harm; operator's statement.
194.105  Worst case discharge.
194.107  General response plan requirements.
194.109  Submission of state response plans.
194.111  Response plan retention.
194.113  Information summary.
194.115  Response resources.
194.117  Training.
194.119  Submission and approval procedures.
194.121  Response plan review and update procedures.

Appendix A to Part 194--Guidelines for the Preparation of Response Plans
Appendix B to Part 194--High Volume Areas

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1231, 1321(j)(1)(C), (j)(5) and (j)(6); sec. 2, 
E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 351; 49 CFR 1.53.

    Source: 58 FR 253, Jan. 5, 1993, unless otherwise noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 194.1  Purpose.

    This part contains requirements for oil spill response plans to 
reduce the environmental impact of oil discharged from onshore oil 
pipelines.



Sec. 194.3  Applicability.

    This part applies to an operator of an onshore oil pipeline that, 
because of its location, could reasonably be expected to cause 
substantial harm, or significant and substantial harm to the environment 
by discharging oil into or on any navigable waters of the United States 
or adjoining shorelines.



Sec. 194.5  Definitions.

    Adverse weather means the weather conditions considered by the 
operator in identifying the response systems and equipment to be 
deployed in accordance with a response plan, including wave height, ice, 
temperature, visibility, and currents within the inland or Coastal 
Response Zone (defined in the National Contingency Plan (40 CFR part 
300)) in which those systems or equipment are intended to function.
    Barrel means 42 United States gallons at 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
    Breakout tank means a tank used to:
    (1) relieve surges in an oil pipeline system or
    (2) receive and store oil transported by a pipeline for reinjection 
and continued transportation by pipeline.
    Coastal zone means all United States waters subject to the tide, 
United States waters of the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain, specified 
ports and harbors on inland rivers, waters of the contiguous zone, other 
waters of the

[[Page 129]]

high seas subject to the National Contingency Plan, and the land surface 
or land substrate, ground waters, and ambient air proximal to those 
waters. (The term ``coastal zone'' delineates an area of federal 
responsibility for response action. Precise boundaries are determined by 
agreements between the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the 
U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), and are identified in Federal Regional 
Contingency Plans and Area Contingency Plans.)
    Contract or other approved means is:
    (1) A written contract or other legally binding agreement between 
the operator and a response contractor or other spill response 
organization identifying and ensuring the availability of the specified 
personnel and equipment within stipulated response times for a specified 
geographic area;
    (2) Certification that specified equipment is owned or operated by 
the pipeline operator, and operator personnel and equipment are 
available within stipulated response times for a specified geographic 
area; or
    (3) Active membership in a local or regional oil spill removal 
organization that has identified specified personnel and equipment to be 
available within stipulated response times for a specified geographic 
area.
    Environmentally sensitive area means an area of environmental 
importance which is in or adjacent to navigable waters.
    High volume area means an area which an oil pipeline having a 
nominal outside diameter of 20 inches or more crosses a major river or 
other navigable waters, which, because of the velocity of the river flow 
and vessel traffic on the river, would require a more rapid response in 
case of a worst case discharge or substantial threat of such a 
discharge. Appendix B to this part contains a list of some of the high 
volume areas in the United States.
    Inland area means the area shoreward of the boundary lines defined 
in 46 CFR part 7, except that in the Gulf of Mexico, it means the area 
shoreward of the lines of demarcation (COLREG lines) defined in 33 CFR 
80.740-80.850. The inland area does not include the Great Lakes.
    Inland zone means the environment inland of the coastal zone 
excluding the Great Lakes, Lake Champlain, and specified ports and 
harbors on inland rivers. (The term inland zone delineates an area of 
federal responsibilities for response actions. Precise boundaries are 
determined by agreements between the EPA and the USCG and are identified 
in Federal Regional Contingency Plans.)
    Line section means a continuous run of pipe that is contained 
between adjacent pressure pump stations, between a pressure pump station 
and a terminal or breakout tank, between a pressure pump station and a 
block valve, or between adjacent block valves.
    Major river means a river that, because of its velocity and vessel 
traffic, would require a more rapid response in case of a worst case 
discharge. For a list of rivers see ``Rolling Rivers, An Encyclopedia of 
America's Rivers,'' Richard A. Bartlett, Editor, McGraw-Hill Book 
Company, 1984.
    Maximum extent practicable means the limits of available technology 
and the practical and technical limits on a pipeline operator in 
planning the response resources required to provide the on-water 
recovery capability and the shoreline protection and cleanup capability 
to conduct response activities for a worst case discharge from a 
pipeline in adverse weather.
    Navigable waters means the waters of the United States, including 
the territorial sea and such waters as lakes, rivers, streams; waters 
which are used for recreation; and waters from which fish or shellfish 
are taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
    Oil means oil of any kind or in any form, including, but not limited 
to, petroleum, fuel oil, vegetable oil, animal oil, sludge, oil refuse, 
oil mixed with wastes other than dredged spoil.
    Oil spill removal organization means an entity that provides 
response resources.
    On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) means the federal official designated by 
the Administrator of the EPA or by the Commandant of the USCG to 
coordinate and direct federal response under subpart D of the National 
Contingency Plan (40 CFR part 300).

[[Page 130]]

    Onshore oil pipeline facilities means new and existing pipe, rights-
of-way and any equipment, facility, or building used in the 
transportation of oil located in, on, or under, any land within the 
United States other than submerged land.
    Operator means a person who owns or operates onshore oil pipeline 
facilities.
    Pipeline means all parts of an onshore pipeline facility through 
which oil moves including, but not limited to, line pipe, valves, and 
other appurtenances connected to line pipe, pumping units, fabricated 
assemblies associated with pumping units, metering and delivery stations 
and fabricated assemblies therein, and breakout tanks.
    Qualified individual means an English-speaking representative of an 
operator, located in the United States, available on a 24-hour basis, 
with full authority to: activate and contract with required oil spill 
removal organization(s); activate personnel and equipment maintained by 
the operator; act as liaison with the OSC; and obligate any funds 
required to carry out all required or directed oil response activities.
    Response activities means the containment and removal of oil from 
the water and shorelines, the temporary storage and disposal of 
recovered oil, or the taking of other actions as necessary to minimize 
or mitigate damage to the environment.
    Response area means the inland zone or coastal zone, as defined in 
the National Contingency Plan (40 CFR part 300), in which the response 
activity is occurring.
    Response plan means the operator's core plan and the response zone 
appendices for responding, to the maximum extent practicable, to a worse 
case discharge of oil, or the substantial threat of such a discharge.
    Response resources means the personnel, equipment, supplies, and 
other resources necessary to conduct response activities.
    Response zone means a geographic area either along a length of 
pipeline or including multiple pipelines, containing one or more 
adjacent line sections, for which the operator must plan for the 
deployment of, and provide, spill response capabilities. The size of the 
zone is determined by the operator after considering available 
capability, resources, and geographic characteristics.
    Specified minimum yield strength means the minimum yield strength, 
expressed in pounds per square inch, prescribed by the specification 
under which the material is purchased from the manufacturer.
    Stress level means the level of tangential or hoop stress, usually 
expressed as a percentage of specified minimum yield strength.
    Worst case discharge means the largest foreseeable discharge of oil, 
including a discharge from fire or explosion, in adverse weather 
conditions. This volume will be determined by each pipeline operator for 
each response zone and is calculated according to Sec. 194.105.



Sec. 194.7  Operating restrictions and interim operating authorization.

    (a) After February 18, 1993, an operator of a pipeline for which a 
response plan is required under Sec. 194.101, may not handle, store, or 
transport oil in that pipeline unless the operator has submitted a 
response plan meeting the requirements of this part.
    (b) After August 18, 1993, an operator must operate its onshore 
pipeline facilities in accordance with the applicable response plan.
    (c) After August 18, 1993, the operator of a pipeline line section 
described in Sec. 194.103(c), may continue to operate the pipeline for 
two years after the date of submission of a response plan, pending 
approval or disapproval of that plan, only if the operator has submitted 
the certification required by Sec. 194.119(e).



                        Subpart B--Response Plans



Sec. 194.101  Operators required to submit plans.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, or unless 
RSPA grants a request from the OSC to require an operator of the 
following pipelines to submit a response plan or the pipeline is covered 
by Sec. 194.103, each operator of an onshore pipeline facility

[[Page 131]]

shall prepare a response plan and submit the response plan to RSPA, as 
provided in Sec. 194.119.
    (b) Exception. An operator need not submit a response plan for:
    (1) A pipeline that is 6\5/8\ inches or less in outside nominal 
diameter, is 10 miles or less in length, and all of the following 
conditions apply to the pipeline:
    (i) The pipeline has not experienced a release greater than 1,000 
barrels within the previous five years,
    (ii) The pipeline has not experienced at least two reportable 
releases, as defined in Sec. 195.50, within the previous five years,
    (iii) A pipeline containing any electric resistance welded pipe, 
manufactured prior to 1970, does not operate at a maximum operating 
pressure established under Sec. 195.406 that corresponds to a stress 
level greater than 50 percent of the specified minimum yield strength of 
the pipe, and
    (iv) The pipeline is not in proximity to navigable waters, public 
drinking water intakes, or environmentally sensitive areas.
    (2)(i) A line section that is greater than 6\5/8\ inches in outside 
nominal diameter and is greater than 10 miles in length, where the 
operator determines that it is unlikely that the worst case discharge 
from any point on the line section would adversely affect, within 12 
hours after the initiation of the discharge, any navigable waters, 
public drinking water intake, or environmentally sensitive areas.
    (ii) A line section that is 6\5/8\ inches or less in outside nominal 
diameter and is 10 miles or less in length, where the operator 
determines that it is unlikely that the worst case discharge from any 
point on the line section would adversely affect, within 4 hours after 
the initiation of the discharge, any navigable waters, public drinking 
water intake, or environmentally sensitive areas.



Sec. 194.103  Significant and substantial harm; operator's statement.

    (a) Each operator shall submit a statement with its response plan, 
as required by Secs. 194.107 and 194.113, identifying which line 
sections in a response zone can be expected to cause significant and 
substantial harm to the environment in the event of a discharge of oil 
into or on the navigable waters or adjoining shorelines.
    (b) If an operator expects a line section in a response zone to 
cause significant and substantial harm, then the entire response zone 
must, for the purpose of response plan review and approval, be treated 
as if it is expected to cause significant and substantial harm. However, 
an operator will not have to submit separate plans for each line 
section.
    (c) A line section can be expected to cause significant and 
substantial harm to the environment in the event of a discharge of oil 
into or on the navigable waters or adjoining shorelines if; the pipeline 
is greater than 6\5/8\ inches in outside nominal diameter, greater than 
10 miles in length, and the line section--
    (1) Has experienced a release greater than 1,000 barrels within the 
previous five years,
    (2) Has experienced two or more reportable releases, as defined in 
Sec. 195.50, within the previous five years,
    (3) Containing any electric resistance welded pipe, manufactured 
prior to 1970, operates at a maximum operating pressure established 
under Sec. 195.406 that corresponds to a stress level greater than 50 
percent of the specified minimum yield strength of the pipe,
    (4) Is located within a five-mile radius of potentially affected 
public drinking water intakes and could reasonably be expected to reach 
public drinking water intakes, or
    (5) Is located within a one-mile radius of potentially affected 
environmentally sensitive areas, and could reasonably be expected to 
reach these areas.



Sec. 194.105  Worst case discharge.

    (a) Each operator shall determine the worst case discharge for each 
of its response zones and provide the methodology, including 
calculations, used to arrive at the volume.
    (b) The worst case discharge is the largest volume, in barrels, of 
the following:
    (1) The pipeline's maximum release time in hours, plus the maximum 
shutdown response time in hours (based on

[[Page 132]]

historic discharge data or in the absence of such historic data, the 
operator's best estimate), multiplied by the maximum flow rate expressed 
in barrels per hour (based on the maximum daily capacity of the 
pipeline), plus the largest line drainage volume after shutdown of the 
line section(s) in the response zone expressed in barrels; or
    (2) The largest foreseeable discharge for the line section(s) within 
a response zone, expressed in barrels, based on the maximum historic 
discharge, if one exists, adjusted for any subsequent corrective or 
preventive action taken; or
    (3) If the response zone contains one or more breakout tanks, the 
capacity of the single largest tank or battery of tanks within a single 
secondary containment system, adjusted for the capacity or size of the 
secondary containment system, expressed in barrels.



Sec. 194.107  General response plan requirements.

    (a) Each response plan must plan for resources for responding, to 
the maximum extent practicable, to a worst case discharge, and to a 
substantial threat of such a discharge.
    (b) Each response plan must be written in English and also, if 
applicable, in a language that is understood by the personnel 
responsible for carrying out the plan.
    (c) Each response plan must be consistent with the National 
Contingency Plan (NCP) (40 CFR part 300) and each applicable Area 
Contingency Plan (ACP). An operator must certify that it has reviewed 
the NCP and each applicable ACP and that its response plan is consistent 
with the existing NCP and each existing applicable ACP.
    (d) Each response plan must include:
    (1) A core plan consisting of--
    (i) An information summary as required in Sec. 194.113,
    (ii) Immediate notification procedures,
    (iii) Spill detection and mitigation procedures,
    (iv) The name, address, and telephone number of the oil spill 
response organization, if appropriate,
    (v) Response activities and response resources,
    (vi) Names and telephone numbers of Federal, state and local 
agencies which the operator expects to have pollution control 
responsibilities or support,
    (vii) Training procedures,
    (viii) Equipment testing,
    (ix) Drill types, schedules, and procedures, and
    (x) Plan review and update procedures; and
    (2) An appendix for each response zone. Each response zone appendix 
must include the information required in paragraph (d)(1) (i)-(ix) of 
this section that is specific to the response zone and the worst case 
discharge calculations.



Sec. 194.109  Submission of state response plans.

    (a) In lieu of submitting a response plan required by Sec. 194.103, 
an operator may submit a response plan that complies with a state law or 
regulation, if the state law or regulation requires a plan that provides 
equivalent or greater spill protection than a plan required under this 
part.
    (b) A plan submitted under this section must
    (1) Have an information summary required by Sec. 194.113;
    (2) Name the qualified individual; and
    (3) Ensure through contract or other approved means the necessary 
private personnel and equipment to respond to a worst case discharge or 
a substantial threat of such a discharge.



Sec. 194.111  Response plan retention.

    (a) Each operator shall maintain relevant portions of its response 
plan at the following locations:
    (1) The response plan at the operator's headquarters;
    (2) The core plan and relevant response zone appendices for each 
line section whose pressure may be affected by the operation of a 
particular pump station, at that pump station; and
    (3) The core plan and relevant response zone appendices at any other 
locations where response activities may be conducted.
    (b) Each operator shall provide a copy of its response plan to each 
qualified individual.

[[Page 133]]



Sec. 194.113  Information summary.

    (a) The information summary for the core plan, required by 
Sec. 194.107, must include:
    (1) The name and address of the operator; and
    (2) For each response zone which contains one or more line sections 
that meet the criteria for determining significant and substantial harm 
as described in Sec. 194.103, a listing and description of the response 
zones, including county(s) and state(s).
    (b) The information summary for the response zone appendix, required 
in Sec. 194.107, must include:
    (1) The information summary for the core plan;
    (2) The name and telephone number of the qualified individual 
available on a 24-hour basis;
    (3) The description of the response zone, including county(s) and 
state(s), for those zones in which a worst case discharge could cause 
substantial harm to the environment;
    (4) A list of line sections for each pipeline contained in the 
response zone, identified by milepost or survey station number, or other 
operator designation;
    (5) The basis for the operator's determination of significant and 
substantial harm; and
    (6) The type of oil and volume of the worst case discharge.



Sec. 194.115  Response resources.

    (a) Each operator shall identify and ensure, by contract or other 
approved means, the resources necessary to remove, to the maximum extent 
practicable, a worst case discharge and to mitigate or prevent a 
substantial threat of a worst case discharge.
    (b) An operator shall identify in the response plan the response 
resources which are available to respond within the time specified, 
after discovery of a worst case discharge, or to mitigate the 
substantial threat of such a discharge, as follows:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Tier 1                   Tier 2                   Tier 3        
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
High volume area.....................  6 hrs..................  30 hrs.................  54 hrs.                
All other areas......................  12 hrs.................  36 hrs.................  60 hrs.                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 194.117  Training.

    (a) Each operator shall conduct training to ensure that:
    (1) All personnel know--
    (i) Their responsibilities under the response plan,
    (ii) The name and address of, and the procedure for contacting, the 
operator on a 24-hour basis, and
    (iii) The name of, and procedures for contacting, the qualified 
individual on a 24-hour basis;
    (2) Reporting personnel know--
    (i) The content of the information summary of the response plan,
    (ii) The toll-free telephone number of the National Response Center, 
and
    (iii) The notification process; and
    (3) Personnel engaged in response activities know--
    (i) The characteristics and hazards of the oil discharged,
    (ii) The conditions that are likely to worsen emergencies, including 
the consequences of facility malfunctions or failures, and the 
appropriate corrective actions,
    (iii) The steps necessary to control any accidental discharge of oil 
and to minimize the potential for fire, explosion, toxicity, or 
environmental damage, and
    (iv) The proper firefighting procedures and use of equipment, fire 
suits, and breathing apparatus.
    (b) Each operator shall maintain a training record for each 
individual that has been trained as required by this section. These 
records must be maintained in the following manner as long as the 
individual is assigned duties under the response plan:
    (1) Records for operator personnel must be maintained at the 
operator's headquarters; and
    (2) Records for personnel engaged in response, other than operator 
personnel, shall be maintained as determined by the operator.
    (c) Nothing in this section relieves an operator from the 
responsibility to ensure that all response personnel are trained to meet 
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards for 
emergency response operations in 29 CFR 1910.120, including volunteers 
or casual laborers employed during a response who are subject to

[[Page 134]]

those standards pursuant to 40 CFR part 311.



Sec. 194.119  Submission and approval procedures.

    (a) Each operator shall submit two copies of the response plan 
required by this part. Copies of the response plan shall be submitted 
to: Pipeline Response Plans Officer, Research and Special Programs 
Administration, Department of Transportation, 400 Seventh Street, SW., 
Washington, DC 20590-0001.
    (b) If RSPA determines that a response plan requiring approval does 
not meet all the requirements of this part, RSPA will notify the 
operator of any alleged deficiencies, and to provide the operator an 
opportunity to respond, including the opportunity for an informal 
conference, on any proposed plan revisions and an opportunity to correct 
any deficiencies.
    (c) An operator who disagrees with the RSPA determination that a 
plan contains alleged deficiencies may petition RSPA for reconsideration 
within 30 days from the date of receipt of RSPA's notice. After 
considering all relevant material presented in writing or at an informal 
conference, RSPA will notify the operator of its final decision. The 
operator must comply with the final decision within 30 days of issuance 
unless RSPA allows additional time.
    (d) For those response zones of pipelines, described in 
Sec. 194.103(c), that could reasonably be expected to cause significant 
and substantial harm, RSPA will approve the response plan if RSPA 
determines that the response plan meets all requirements of this part, 
and the OSC raises no objection.
    (e) If RSPA has not approved a response plan for a pipeline 
described in Sec. 194.103(c), the operator may submit a certification to 
RSPA by July 18, 1993, that the operator has obtained, through contract 
or other approved means, the necessary private personnel and equipment 
to respond, to the maximum extent practicable, to a worst case discharge 
or a substantial threat of such a discharge. The certificate must be 
signed by the qualified individual or an appropriate corporate officer.
    (f) If RSPA receives a request from an OSC to review a response 
plan, RSPA may require an operator to provide a copy of the response 
plan to the OSC. If an OSC recommends that an operator not previously 
required to submit a plan to RSPA, should submit one, RSPA will require 
the operator to prepare and submit a response plan and send a copy to 
the OSC.



Sec. 194.121  Response plan review and update procedures.

    (a) Each operator shall review its response plan at least every 
three years from the date of submission and modify the plan to address 
new or different operating conditions or information included in the 
plan.
    (b) If a new or different operating condition or information would 
substantially affect the implementation of a response plan, the operator 
must immediately modify its response plan to address such a change and, 
within 30 days of making such a change, submit the change to RSPA. 
Examples of changes in operating conditions that would cause a 
significant change to an operator's response plan are:
    (1) An extension of the existing pipeline or construction of a new 
pipeline in a response zone not covered by the previously approved plan;
    (2) Relocation or replacement of the pipeline in a way that 
substantially affects the information included in the response plan, 
such as a change to the worst case discharge volume;
    (3) The type of oil transported, if the type affects the required 
response resources, such as a change from crude oil to gasoline;
    (4) The name of the oil spill removal organization;
    (5) Emergency response procedures;
    (6) The qualified individual;
    (7) A change in the NCP or an ACP that has significant impact on the 
equipment appropriate for response activities; and
    (8) Any other information relating to circumstances that may affect 
full implementation of the plan.
    (c) If RSPA determines that a change to a response plan does not 
meet the requirements of this part, RSPA will notify the operator of any 
alleged deficiencies, and provide the operator an opportunity to 
respond, including an

[[Page 135]]

opportunity for an informal conference, to any proposed plan revisions 
and an opportunity to correct any deficiencies.
    (d) An operator who disagrees with a determination that proposed 
revisions to a plan are deficient may petition RSPA for reconsideration, 
within 30 days from the date of receipt of RSPA's notice. After 
considering all relevant material presented in writing or at the 
conference, RSPA will notify the operator of its final decision. The 
operator must comply with the final decision within 30 days of issuance 
unless RSPA allows additional time.

Appendix A to Part 194--Guidelines for the Preparation of Response Plans

    This appendix provides a recommended form for the preparation and 
submission of response plans required by 49 CFR part 194. Operators may 
use other forms provided the form chosen provides the information 
required by 49 CFR part 194.

              Response Plan: Section 1. Information Summary

    Section 1 would include the following:
    (a) For the core plan:
    (1) The name and address of the operator; and
    (2) For each response zone which contains one or more line sections 
that meet the criteria for determining significant and substantial harm 
as described in Sec. 194.103, a listing and description of the response 
zones, including county(s) and state(s).
    (b) For each response zone appendix:
    (1) The information summary for the core plan;
    (2) The name and telephone number of the qualified individual, 
available on a 24-hour basis;
    (3) A description of the response zone, including county(s) and 
state(s) in which a worst case discharge could cause substantial harm to 
the environment;
    (4) A list of line sections contained in the response zone, 
identified by milepost or survey station number or other operator 
designation.
    (5) The basis for the operator's determination of significant and 
substantial harm; and
    (6) The type of oil and volume of the worst case discharge.
    (c) The certification that the operator has obtained, through 
contract or other approved means, the necessary private personnel and 
equipment to respond, to the maximum extent practicable, to a worst case 
discharge or a substantial threat of such a discharge.

            Response Plan: Section 2. Notification Procedures

    Section 2 would include the following:
    (a) Notification requirements that apply in each area of operation 
of pipelines covered by the plan, including applicable State or local 
requirements;
    (b) A checklist of notifications the operator or qualified 
individual is required to make under the response plan, listed in the 
order of priority;
    (c) Names of persons (individuals or organizations) to be notified 
of a discharge, indicating whether notification is to be performed by 
operating personnel or other personnel;
    (d) Procedures for notifying qualified individuals;
    (e) The primary and secondary communication methods by which 
notifications can be made; and
    (f) The information to be provided in the initial and each follow-up 
notification, including the following:
    (1) Name of pipeline;
    (2) Time of discharge;
    (3) Location of discharge;
    (4) Name of oil involved;
    (5) Reason for discharge (e.g., material failure, excavation damage, 
corrosion);
    (6) Estimated volume of oil discharged;
    (7) Weather conditions on scene; and
    (8) Actions taken or planned by persons on scene.

Response Plan: Section 3. Spill Detection and On-Scene Spill Mitigation 
                               Procedures

    Section 3 would include the following:
    (a) Methods of initial discharge detection;
    (b) Procedures, listed in the order of priority, that personnel are 
required to follow in responding to a pipeline emergency to mitigate or 
prevent any discharge from the pipeline;
    (c) A list of equipment that may be needed in response activities on 
land and navigable waters, including--
    (1) Transfer hoses and connection equipment;
    (2) Portable pumps and ancillary equipment; and
    (3) Facilities available to transport and receive oil from a leaking 
pipeline;
    (d) Identification of the availability, location, and contact 
telephone numbers to obtain equipment for response activities on a 24-
hour basis; and
    (e) Identification of personnel and their location, telephone 
numbers, and responsibilities for use of equipment in response 
activities on a 24-hour basis.

              Response Plan: Section 4. Response Activities

    Section 4 would include the following:
    (a) Responsibilities of, and actions to be taken by, operating 
personnel to initiate and

[[Page 136]]

supervise response actions pending the arrival of the qualified 
individual or other response resources identified in the response plan;
    (b) The qualified individual's responsibilities and authority, 
including notification of the response resources identified in the plan;
    (c) Procedures for coordinating the actions of the operator or 
qualified individual with the action of the OSC responsible for 
monitoring or directing those actions;
    (d) Oil spill response organizations available, through contract or 
other approved means, to respond to a worst case discharge to the 
maximum extent practicable; and
    (e) For each organization identified under paragraph (d) of this 
section, a listing of:
    (1) Equipment and supplies available; and
    (2) Trained personnel necessary to continue operation of the 
equipment and staff the oil spill removal organization for the first 7 
days of the response.

               Response Plan: Section 5. List of Contacts

    Section 5 would include the names and addresses of the following 
individuals or organizations, with telephone numbers at which they can 
be contacted on a 24-hour basis:
    (a) A list of persons the plan requires the operator to contact;
    (b) Qualified individuals for the operator's areas of operation;
    (c) Applicable insurance representatives or surveyors for the 
operator's areas of operation; and
    (d) Persons or organizations to notify for activation of response 
resources.

              Response plan: Section 6. Training Procedures

    Section 6 would include a description of the training procedures and 
programs of the operator.

               Response plan: Section 7. Drill Procedures

    Section 7 would include a description of the drill procedures and 
programs the operator uses to assess whether its response plan will 
function as planned. It would include:
    (a) Announced and unannounced drills;
    (b) The types of drills and their frequencies. For example, drills 
could be described as follows:
    (1) Manned pipeline emergency procedures and qualified individual 
notification drills conducted quarterly.
    (2) Drills involving emergency actions by assigned operating or 
maintenance personnel and notification of the qualified individual on 
pipeline facilities which are normally unmanned, conducted quarterly.
    (3) Shore-based spill management team tabletop drills conducted 
yearly.
    (4) Oil spill removal organization field equipment deployment drills 
conducted yearly.
    (5) A drill that exercises the entire response plan for each 
response zone, would be conducted at least once every 3 years.

  Response plan: Section 8. Response Plan Review and Update Procedures

    Section 8 would include the following:
    (a) Procedures to meet Sec. 194.121; and
    (b) Procedures to review the plan after a worst case discharge and 
to evaluate and record the plan's effectiveness.

           Response plan: Section 9. Response Zone Appendices.

    Each response zone appendix would provide the following information:
    (a) The name and telephone number of the qualified individual;
    (b) Notification procedures;
    (c) Spill detection and mitigation procedures;
    (d) Name, address, and telephone number of oil spill response 
organization;
    (e) Response activities and response resources including--
    (1) Equipment and supplies necessary to meet Sec. 194.115, and
    (2) The trained personnel necessary to sustain operation of the 
equipment and to staff the oil spill removal organization and spill 
management team for the first 7 days of the response;
    (f) Names and telephone numbers of Federal, state and local agencies 
which the operator expects to assume pollution response 
responsibilities;
    (g) The worst case discharge volume;
    (h) The method used to determine the worst case discharge volume, 
with calculations;
    (i) A map that clearly shows--
    (1) The location of the worst case discharge, and
    (2) The distance between each line section in the response zone 
and--
    (i) Each potentially affected public drinking water intake, lake, 
river, and stream within a radius of five miles of the line section, and
    (ii) Each potentially affected environmentally sensitive area within 
a radius of one mile of the line section;
    (j) A piping diagram and plan-profile drawing of each line section, 
which may be kept separate from the response plan if the location is 
identified; and
    (k) For every oil transported by each pipeline in the response zone, 
emergency response data that--
    (1) Include the name, description, physical and chemical 
characteristics, health and safety hazards, and initial spill-handling 
and firefighting methods; and
    (2) Meet 29 CFR 1910.1200 or 49 CFR 172.602.

[[Page 137]]



                Appendix B to Part 194--High Volume Areas

    As of January 5, 1993 the following areas are high volume areas:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Major rivers                    Nearest town and state   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arkansas River............................  N. Little Rock, AR.         
Arkansas River............................  Jenks, OK.                  
Arkansas River............................  Little Rock, AR.            
Black Warrior River.......................  Moundville, AL.             
Black Warrior River.......................  Akron, AL.                  
Brazos River..............................  Glen Rose, TX.              
Brazos River..............................  Sealy, TX.                  
Catawba River.............................  Mount Holly, NC.            
Chattahoochee River.......................  Sandy Springs, GA.          
Colorado River............................  Yuma, AZ.                   
Colorado River............................  LaPaz, AZ.                  
Connecticut River.........................  Lancaster, NH.              
Coosa River...............................  Vincent, AL.                
Cumberland River..........................  Clarksville, TN.            
Delaware River............................  Frenchtown, NJ.             
Delaware River............................  Lower Chichester, NJ.       
Gila River................................  Gila Bend, AZ.              
Grand River...............................  Bosworth, MO.               
Illinois River............................  Chillicothe, IL.            
Illinois River............................  Havanna, IL.                
James River...............................  Arvonia, VA.                
Kankakee River............................  Kankakee, IL.               
Kankakee River............................  South Bend, IN.             
Kankakee River............................  Wilmington, IL.             
Kentucky River............................  Salvisa, KY.                
Kentucky River............................  Worthville, KY.             
Maumee River..............................  Defiance, OH.               
Maumee River..............................  Toledo, OH.                 
Mississippi River.........................  Myrtle Grove, LA.           
Mississippi River.........................  Woodriver, IL.              
Mississippi River.........................  Chester, IL.                
Mississippi River.........................  Cape Girardeau, MO.         
Mississippi River.........................  Woodriver, IL.              
Mississippi River.........................  St. James, LA.              
Mississippi River.........................  New Roads, LA.              
Mississippi River.........................  Ball Club, MN.              
Mississippi River.........................  Mayersville, MS.            
Mississippi River.........................  New Roads, LA.              
Mississippi River.........................  Quincy, IL.                 
Mississippi River.........................  Ft. Madison, IA.            
Missouri River............................  Waverly, MO.                
Missouri River............................  St. Joseph, MO.             
Missouri River............................  Weldon Springs, MO.         
Missouri River............................  New Frankfort, MO.          
Naches River..............................  Beaumont, TX.               
Ohio River................................  Joppa, IL.                  
Ohio River................................  Cincinnati, OH.             
Ohio River................................  Owensboro, KY.              
Pascagoula River..........................  Lucedale, MS.               
Pascagoula River..........................  Wiggins, MS.                
Pearl River...............................  Columbia, MS.               
Pearl River...............................  Oria, TX.                   
Platte River..............................  Ogaliala, NE.               
Potomac River.............................  Reston, VA.                 
Rappahannock River........................  Midland, VA.                
Raritan River.............................  South Bound Brook, NJ.      
Raritan River.............................  Highland Park, NJ.          
Red River (of the South)..................  Hanna, LA.                  
Red River (of the South)..................  Bonham, TX.                 
Red River (of the South)..................  Dekalb, TX.                 
Red River (of the South)..................  Sentell Plantation, LA.     
Red River (of the North)..................  Wahpeton, ND.               
Rio Grande................................  Anthony, NM.                
Sabine River..............................  Edgewood, TX.               
Sabine River..............................  Leesville, LA.              
Sabine River..............................  Orange, TX.                 
Sabine River..............................  Echo, TX.                   
Savannah River............................  Hartwell, GA.               
Smokey Hill River.........................  Abilene, KS.                
Susquehanna River.........................  Darlington, MD.             
Tenessee River............................  New Johnsonville, TN.       
Wabash River..............................  Harmony, IN.                
Wabash River..............................  Terre Haute, IN.            
Wabash River..............................  Mt. Carmel, IL.             
White River...............................  Batesville, AR.             
White River...............................  Grand Glaise, AR.           
Wisconsin River...........................  Wisconsin Rapids, WI.       
Yukon River...............................  Fairbanks, AK.              
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         Other Navigable Waters

Arthur Kill Channel, NY
Cook Inlet, AK
Freeport, TX
Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor, CA
Port Lavaca, TX
San Fransico/San Pablo Bay, CA



PART 195--TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS BY PIPELINE--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
195.0  Scope.
195.1  Applicability.
195.2  Definitions.
195.3  Matter incorporated by reference.
195.4  Compatibility necessary for transportation of hazardous liquids 
          or carbon dioxide.
195.5  Conversion to service subject to this part.
195.8  Transportation of hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide in pipelines 
          constructed with other than steel pipe.
195.10  Responsibility of operator for compliance with this part.

      Subpart B--Reporting Accidents and Safety-Related Conditions

195.50  Reporting accidents.
195.52  Telephonic notice of certain accidents.
195.54  Accident reports.
195.55  Reporting safety-related conditions.
195.56  Filing safety-related condition reports.
195.57  Filing offshore pipeline condition reports.
195.58  Address for written reports.
195.60  Operator assistance in investigation.
195.62  Supplies of accident report DOT Form 7000-1.
195.63  OMB control number assigned to information collection.

                     Subpart C--Design Requirements

195.100  Scope.
195.101  Qualifying metallic components other than pipe.
195.102  Design temperature.

[[Page 138]]

195.104  Variations in pressure.
195.106  Internal design pressure.
195.108  External pressure.
195.110  External loads.
195.111  Fracture propagation.
195.112  New pipe.
195.114  Used pipe.
195.116  Valves.
195.118  Fittings.
195.120  Passage of internal inspection devices.
195.122  Fabricated branch connections.
195.124  Closures.
195.126  Flange connection.
195.128  Station piping.
195.130  Fabricated assemblies.
195.132  Above ground breakout tanks.

                         Subpart D--Construction

195.200  Scope.
195.202  Compliance with specifications or standards.
195.204  Inspection--general.
195.206  Material inspection.
195.208  Welding of supports and braces.
195.210  Pipeline location.
195.212  Bending of pipe.
195.214  Welding: General.
195.216  Welding: Miter joints.
195.222  Welders: Qualification of welders.
195.224  Welding: Weather.
195.226  Welding: Arc burns.
195.228  Welds and welding inspection: Standards of acceptability.
195.230  Welds: Repair or removal of defects.
195.234  Welds: Nondestructive testing.
195.236  External corrosion protection.
195.238  External coating.
195.242  Cathodic protection system.
195.244  Test leads.
195.246  Installation of pipe in a ditch.
195.248  Cover over buried pipeline.
195.250  Clearance between pipe and underground structures.
195.252  Backfilling.
195.254  Above ground components.
195.256  Crossing of railroads and highways.
195.258  Valves: General.
195.260  Valves: Location.
195.262  Pumping equipment.
195.264  Above ground breakout tanks.
195.266  Construction records.

                       Subpart E--Pressure Testing

195.300  Scope.
195.302  General requirements.
195.303  Test pressure.
195.304  Testing of components.
195.306  Test medium.
195.308  Testing of tie-ins.
195.310  Records.

                  Subpart F--Operation and Maintenance

195.400  Scope.
195.401  General requirements.
195.402  Procedural manual for operations, maintenance, and emergencies.
195.403  Training.
195.404  Maps and records.
195.406  Maximum operating pressure.
195.408  Communications.
195.410  Line markers.
195.412  Inspection of rights-of-way and crossings under navigable 
          waters.
195.413  Underwater inspection and reburial of pipelines in the Gulf of 
          Mexico and its inlets.
195.414  Cathodic protection.
195.416  External corrosion control.
195.418  Internal corrosion control.
195.420  Valve maintenance.
195.422  Pipeline repairs.
195.424  Pipe movement.
195.426  Scraper and sphere facilities.
195.428  Overpressure safety devices.
195.430  Firefighting equipment.
195.432  Breakout tanks.
195.434  Signs.
195.436  Security of facilities.
195.438  Smoking or open flames.
195.440  Public education.
195.442  Damage prevention program.

Appendix A to Part 195--Delineation Between Federal and State 
          Jurisdiction--Statement of Agency Policy and Interpretation

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5103, 60102, 60104, 60108, 60109, 60118; and 49 
CFR 1.53.

    Source: Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, unless otherwise 
noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 195.0  Scope.

    This part prescribes safety standards and reporting requirements for 
pipeline facilities used in the transportation of hazardous liquids or 
carbon dioxide.

[Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.1  Applicability.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this part 
applies to pipeline facilities and the transportation of hazardous 
liquids or carbon dioxide associated with those facilities in or 
affecting interstate or foreign commerce, including pipeline facilities 
on the Outer Continental Shelf.
    (b) This part does not apply to--
    (1) Transportation of a hazardous liquid that is transported in a 
gaseous state;
    (2) Transportation of a hazardous liquid through a pipeline by 
gravity;

[[Page 139]]

    (3) Transportation of non-HVL through low-stress pipelines, except 
for any pipeline or pipeline segment that is located--
    (i) In an onshore area other than a rural area;
    (ii) Offshore; or
    (iii) In a waterway that is navigable in fact and currently used for 
commercial navigation;
    (4) Transportation of petroleum in onshore gathering lines in rural 
areas except gathering lines in the inlets of the Gulf of Mexico subject 
to Sec. 195.413;
    (5) Transportation of hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide in offshore 
pipelines which are located upstream from the outlet flange of each 
facility where hydrocarbons or carbon dioxide are produced or where 
produced hydrocarbons or carbon dioxide are first separated, dehydrated, 
or otherwise processed, whichever facility is farther downstream;
    (6) Transportation of a hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide through 
onshore production (including flow lines), refining, or manufacturing 
facilities, or storage or in-plant piping systems associated with such 
facilities;
    (7) Transportation of hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide--
    (i) By vessel, aircraft, tank truck, tank car, or other non-pipeline 
mode of transportation; or
    (ii) Through facilities located on the grounds of a materials 
transportation terminal that are used exclusively to transfer hazardous 
liquid or carbon dioxide between non-pipeline modes of transportation or 
between a non-pipeline mode and a pipeline, not including any device and 
associated piping that are necessary to control pressure in the pipeline 
under Sec. 195.406(b); and
    (8) Transportation of carbon dioxide downstream from the following 
point, as applicable:
    (i) The inlet of a compressor used in the injection of carbon 
dioxide for oil recovery operations, or the point where recycled carbon 
dioxide enters the injection system, whichever is farther upstream; or
    (ii) The connection of the first branch pipeline in the production 
field that transports carbon dioxide to injection wells or to headers or 
manifolds from which pipelines branch to injection wells.
    (c) A low-stress pipeline to which this part applies that exists on 
July 12, 1994 need not comply with this part or part 199 of this chapter 
until July 12, 1996, except as follows:
    (1) Subpart B of this part applies beginning on October 10, 1994; 
and
    (2) Any replacement, relocation, or other change made to existing 
pipelines after October 9, 1994 must comply with subparts A and C 
through E of this part.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-33, 
50 FR 15898, Apr. 23, 1985; Amdt. 195-36, 51 FR 20976, June 10, 1986; 
Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991; Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 50666, 
Oct. 8, 1991; Amdt. 195-47, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt. 195-52, 59 
FR 33395, June 28, 1994; Amdt. 195-53, 59 FR 35470, July 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.2  Definitions.

    As used in this part--
    Administrator means the Administrator of the Research and Special 
Programs Administration or any person to whom authority in the matter 
concerned has been delegated by the Secretary of Transportation.
    Barrel means a unit of measurement equal to 42 U.S. standard 
gallons.
    Breakout tank means a tank used to (a) relieve surges in a hazardous 
liquid pipeline system or (b) receive and store hazardous liquid 
transported by a pipeline for reinjection and continued transportation 
by pipeline.
    Carbon dioxide means a fluid consisting of more than 90 percent 
carbon dioxide molecules compressed to a supercritical state.
    Component means any part of a pipeline which may be subjected to 
pump pressure including, but not limited to, pipe, valves, elbows, tees, 
flanges, and closures.
    Corrosive product means ``corrosive material'' as defined by 
Sec. 173.136 Class 8-Definitions of this chapter.
    Exposed pipeline means a pipeline where the top of the pipe is 
protruding above the seabed in water less than 15 feet deep, as measured 
from the mean low water.
    Flammable product means ``flammable liquid'' as defined by 
Sec. 173.120 Class 3-Definitions of this chapter.

[[Page 140]]

    Gathering line means a pipeline 219.1 mm (8\5/8\ in) or less nominal 
outside diameter that transports petroleum from a production facility.
    Gulf of Mexico and its inlets means the waters from the mean high 
water mark of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets open to the 
sea (excluding rivers, tidal marshes, lakes, and canals) seaward to 
include the territorial sea and Outer Continental Shelf to a depth of 15 
feet, as measured from the mean low water.
    Hazard to navigation means, for the purpose of this part, a pipeline 
where the top of the pipe is less than 12 inches below the seabed in 
water less than 15 feet deep, as measured from the mean low water.
    Hazardous liquid means petroleum, petroleum products, or anhydrous 
ammonia.
    Highly volatile liquid or HVL means a hazardous liquid which will 
form a vapor cloud when released to the atmosphere and which has a vapor 
pressure exceeding 276 kPa (40 psia) at 37.8 deg. C (100 deg. F).
    In-plant piping system means piping that is located on the grounds 
of a plant and used to transfer hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide 
between plant facilities or between plant facilities and a pipeline or 
other mode of transportation, not including any device and associated 
piping that are necessary to control pressure in the pipeline under 
Sec. 195.406(b).
    Interstate pipeline means a pipeline or that part of a pipeline that 
is used in the transportation of hazardous liquids or carbon dioxide in 
interstate or foreign commerce.
    Intrastate pipeline means a pipeline or that part of a pipeline to 
which this part applies that is not an interstate pipeline.
    Line section means a continuous run of pipe between adjacent 
pressure pump stations, between a pressure pump station and terminal or 
breakout tanks, between a pressure pump station and a block valve, or 
between adjacent block valves.
    Low-stress pipeline means a hazardous liquid pipeline that is 
operated in its entirety at a stress level of 20 percent or less of the 
specified minimum yield strength of the line pipe.
    Nominal wall thickness means the wall thickness listed in the pipe 
specifications.
    Offshore means beyond the line of ordinary low water along that 
portion of the coast of the United States that is in direct contact with 
the open seas and beyond the line marking the seaward limit of inland 
waters.
    Operator means a person who owns or operates pipeline facilities.
    Person means any individual, firm, joint venture, partnership, 
corporation, association, State, municipality, cooperative association, 
or joint stock association, and includes any trustee, receiver, 
assignee, or personal representative thereof.
    Petroleum means crude oil, condensate, natural gasoline, natural gas 
liquids, and liquefied petroleum gas.
    Petroleum product means flammable, toxic, or corrosive products 
obtained from distilling and processing of crude oil, unfinished oils, 
natural gas liquids, blend stocks and other miscellaneous hydrocarbon 
compounds.
    Pipe or line pipe means a tube, usually cylindrical, through which a 
hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide flows from one point to another.
    Pipeline or pipeline system means all parts of a pipeline facility 
through which a hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide moves in 
transportation, including, but not limited to, line pipe, valves, and 
other appurtenances connected to line pipe, pumping units, fabricated 
assemblies associated with pumping units, metering and delivery stations 
and fabricated assemblies therein, and breakout tanks.
    Pipeline facility means new and existing pipe, rights-of-way and any 
equipment, facility, or building used in the transportation of hazardous 
liquids or carbon dioxide.
    Production facility means piping or equipment used in the 
production, extraction, recovery, lifting, stabilization, separation or 
treating of petroleum or carbon dioxide, or associated storage or 
measurement. (To be a production facility under this definition, piping 
or equipment must be used in the process of extracting petroleum or 
carbon dioxide from the ground or from facilities where CO2 is 
produced, and

[[Page 141]]

preparing it for transportation by pipeline. This includes piping 
between treatment plants which extract carbon dioxide, and facilities 
utilized for the injection of carbon dioxide for recovery operations.)
    Rural area means outside the limits of any incorporated or 
unincorpated city, town, village, or any other designated residential or 
commercial area such as a subdivision, a business or shopping center, or 
community development.
    Specified minimum yield strength means the minimum yield strength, 
expressed in pounds per square inch, prescribed by the specification 
under which the material is purchased from the manufacturer.
    Stress level means the level of tangential or hoop stress, usually 
expressed as a percentage of specified minimum yield strength.
    Surge pressure means pressure produced by a change in velocity of 
the moving stream that results from shutting down a pump station or 
pumping unit, closure of a valve, or any other blockage of the moving 
stream.
    Toxic product means ``poisonous material'' as defined by 
Sec. 173.132 Class 6, Division 6.1-Definitions of this chapter.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982, 
as amended by Amdt. 195-33, 50 FR 15898, Apr. 23, 1985; 50 FR 38660, 
Sept. 24, 1985; Amdt. 195-36, 51 FR 15007, Apr. 22, 1986; Amdt. 195-45, 
56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991; Amdt. 195-47, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991; 
Amdt. 195-50, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994; Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33395, 
33396, June 28, 1994; Amdt. 195-53, 59 FR 35471, July 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.3  Matter incorporated by reference.

    (a) Any document or portion thereof incorporated by reference in 
this part is included in this part as though it were printed in full. 
When only a portion of a document is referenced, then this part 
incorporates only that referenced portion of the document and the 
remainder is not incorporated. Applicable editions are listed in 
paragraph (c) of this section in parentheses following the title of the 
referenced material. Earlier editions listed in previous editions of 
this section may be used for components manufactured, designed, or 
installed in accordance with those earlier editions at the time they 
were listed. The user must refer to the appropriate previous edition of 
49 CFR for a listing of the earlier editions.
    (b) All incorporated materials are available for inspection in the 
Research and Special Programs Administration, 400 Seventh Street, SW., 
Washington, DC, and at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North 
Capitol Street, NW., suite 700, Washington, DC. These materials have 
been approved for incorporation by reference by the Director of the 
Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. 
In addition, materials incorporated by reference are available as 
follows:
    (1) American Gas Association (AGA), 1515 Wilson Boulevard, 
Arlington, VA 22209.
    (2) American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street, NW., 
Washington, DC 20005.
    (3) The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), United 
Engineering Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.
    (4) Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings 
Industry, Inc. (MSS), 127 Park Street, NE., Vienna, VA 22180.
    (5) American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 11 West 42nd 
Street, New York, NY 10036.
    (6) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr 
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
    (c) The full title for the publications incorporated by reference in 
this part are as follows. Numbers in parentheses indicate applicable 
editions:
    (1) American Gas Association (AGA): AGA Pipeline Research Committee, 
Project PR-3-805, ``A Modified Criterion for Evaluating the Remaining 
Strength of Corroded Pipe'' (December 1989). The RSTRENG program may be 
used for calculating remaining strength.
    (2) American Petroleum Institute (API):
    (i) API Specification 5L ``Specification for Line Pipe'' (41st 
edition, 1995).
    (ii) API Specification 6D ``Specification for Pipeline Valves (Gate, 
Plug, Ball, and Check Valves)'' (21st Edition, 1994).

[[Page 142]]

    (iii) API Specification 1104 ``Welding of Pipelines and Related 
Facilities'' (18th edition, 1994).
    (3) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME):
    (i) ASME/ANSI B16.9 ``Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding 
Fittings'' (1993).
    (ii) ASME/ANSI B31.4 ``Liquid Transportation Systems for 
Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia, and Alcohols'' 
(1992 edition with ASME B31.4a-1994 Addenda).
    (iii) ASME/ANSI B31.8 ``Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping 
Systems'' (1995)
    (iv) ASME/ANSI B31G ``Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength 
of Corroded Pipelines'' (1991).
    (v) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 
``Pressure Vessels'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    (vi) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX ``Welding and 
Brazing Qualifications'' (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda).
    (4) Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings 
Industry, Inc. (MSS):
    (i) MSS SP-75 ``Specification for High Test Wrought Butt Welding 
Fittings'' (1993).
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (5) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
    (i) ASTM Designation: A 53 ``Standard specification for Pipe, Steel, 
Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless'' (A 53-95a).
    (ii) ASTM Designation: A 106 ``Standard Specification for Seamless 
Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service'' (A 106-94a).
    (iii) ASTM Designation: A 333/A 333M ``Standard Specification for 
Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service''(A 333/A 
333M-94).
    (iv) ASTM Designation: A 381 ``Standard Specification for Metal-Arc-
Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Transmission Systems'' (A 
381-93).
    (v) ASTM Designation: A 671 ``Standard Specification for Electric-
Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures'' (A 
671-94).
    (vi) ASTM Designation: A 672 ``Standard Specification for Electric-
Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at Moderate 
Temperatures'' (A 672-94).
    (vii) ASTM Designation: A 691 ``Standard Specification for Carbon 
and Alloy Steel Pipe Electric-Fusion-Welded for High- Pressure Service 
at High Temperatures'' (A 691-93).

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982, 
as amended by Amdt. 195-32, 49 FR 36860, Sept. 20, 1984; 58 FR 14523, 
Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33396, June 28, 1994; Amdt. 195-56, 
61 FR 26123, May 24, 1996; 61 FR 36826, July 15, 1996]



Sec. 195.4  Compatibility necessary for transportation of hazardous liquids or carbon dioxide.

    No person may transport any hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide 
unless the hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide is chemically compatible 
with both the pipeline, including all components, and any other 
commodity that it may come into contact with while in the pipeline.

[Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.5  Conversion to service subject to this part.

    (a) A steel pipeline previously used in service not subject to this 
part qualifies for use under this part if the operator prepares and 
follows a written procedure to accomplish the following:
    (1) The design, construction, operation, and maintenance history of 
the pipeline must be reviewed and, where sufficient historical records 
are not available, appropriate tests must be performed to determine if 
the pipeline is in satisfactory condition for safe operation. If one or 
more of the variables necessary to verify the design pressure under 
Sec. 195.106 or to perform the testing under paragraph (a)(4) of this 
section is unknown, the design pressure may be verified and the maximum 
operating pressure determined by--
    (i) Testing the pipeline in accordance with ASME B31.8, Appendix N, 
to produce a stress equal to the yield strength; and
    (ii) Applying, to not more than 80 percent of the first pressure 
that produces a yielding, the design factor F in Sec. 195.106(a) and the 
appropriate factors in Sec. 195.106(e).
    (2) The pipeline right-of-way, all aboveground segments of the 
pipeline,

[[Page 143]]

and appropriately selected underground segments must be visually 
inspected for physical defects and operating conditions which reasonably 
could be expected to impair the strength or tightness of the pipeline.
    (3) All known unsafe defects and conditions must be corrected in 
accordance with this part.
    (4) The pipeline must be tested in accordance with subpart E of this 
part to substantiate the maximum operating pressure permitted by 
Sec. 195.406.
    (b) A pipeline which qualifies for use under this section need not 
comply with the corrosion control requirements of this part until 12 
months after it is placed in service, notwithstanding any earlier 
deadlines for compliance. In addition to the requirements of subpart F 
of this part, the corrosion control requirements of subpart D apply to 
each pipeline which substantially meets those requirements before it is 
placed in service or which is a segment that is replaced, relocated, or 
substantially altered.
    (c) Each operator must keep for the life of the pipeline a record of 
the investigations, tests, repairs, replacements, and alterations made 
under the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 
59 FR 33396, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.8   Transportation of hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide in pipelines constructed with other than steel pipe.

    No person may transport any hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide 
through a pipe that is constructed after October 1, 1970, for hazardous 
liquids or after July 12, 1991 for carbon dioxide of material other than 
steel unless the person has notified the Administrator in writing at 
least 90 days before the transportation is to begin. The notice must 
state whether carbon dioxide or a hazardous liquid is to be transported 
and the chemical name, common name, properties and characteristics of 
the hazardous liquid to be transported and the material used in 
construction of the pipeline. If the Administrator determines that the 
transportation of the hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide in the manner 
proposed would be unduly hazardous, he will, within 90 days after 
receipt of the notice, order the person that gave the notice, in 
writing, not to transport the hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide in the 
proposed manner until further notice.

[Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991, as amended by Amdt. 195-50, 
59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.10  Responsibility of operator for compliance with this part.

    An operator may make arrangements with another person for the 
performance of any action required by this part. However, the operator 
is not thereby relieved from the responsibility for compliance with any 
requirement of this part.



      Subpart B--Reporting Accidents and Safety-Related Conditions



Sec. 195.50  Reporting accidents.

    An accident report is required for each failure in a pipeline system 
subject to this part in which there is a release of the hazardous liquid 
or carbon dioxide transported resulting in any of the following:
    (a) Explosion or fire not intentionally set by the operator.
    (b) Loss of 50 or more barrels of hazardous liquid or carbon 
dioxide.
    (c) Escape to the atmosphere of more than five barrels a day of 
highly volatile liquids.
    (d) Death of any person.
    (e) Bodily harm to any person resulting in one or more of the 
following:
    (1) Loss of consciousness.
    (2) Necessity to carry the person from the scene.
    (3) Necessity for medical treatment.
    (4) Disability which prevents the discharge of normal duties or the 
pursuit of normal activities beyond the day of the accident.
    (f) Estimated property damage, including cost of clean-up and 
recovery, value of lost product, and damage to the property of the 
operator or others, or both, exceeding $50,000.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-39, 
53 FR 24950, July 1, 1988; Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991; 
Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33396, June 28, 1994]

[[Page 144]]



Sec. 195.52  Telephonic notice of certain accidents.

    (a) At the earliest practicable moment following discovery of a 
release of the hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide transported resulting 
in an event described in Sec. 195.50, the operator of the system shall 
give notice, in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, of any 
failure that:
    (1) Caused a death or a personal injury requiring hospitalization;
    (2) Resulted in either a fire or explosion not intentionally set by 
the operator;
    (3) Caused estimated property damage, including cost of cleanup and 
recovery, value of lost product, and damage to the property of the 
operator or others, or both, exceeding $50,000;
    (4) Resulted in pollution of any stream, river, lake, reservoir, or 
other similar body of water that violated applicable water quality 
standards, caused a discoloration of the surface of the water or 
adjoining shoreline, or deposited a sludge or emulsion beneath the 
surface of the water or upon adjoining shorelines; or
    (5) In the judgment of the operator was significant even though it 
did not meet the criteria of any other paragraph of this section.
    (b) Reports made under paragraph (a) of this section are made by 
telephone to 800-424-8802 (in Washington, DC 267-2675) and must include 
the following information:
    (1) Name and address of the operator.
    (2) Name and telephone number of the reporter.
    (3) The location of the failure.
    (4) The time of the failure.
    (5) The fatalities and personal injuries, if any.
    (6) All other significant facts known by the operator that are 
relevant to the cause of the failure or extent of the damages.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-23, 
47 FR 32720, July 29, 1982; Amdt. 195-44, 54 FR 40878, Oct. 4, 1989; 
Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991; Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33396, 
June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.54  Accident reports.

    (a) Each operator that experiences an accident that is required to 
be reported under Sec. 195.50 shall as soon as practicable, but not 
later than 30 days after discovery of the accident, prepare and file an 
accident report on DOT Form 7000-1, or a facsimile.
    (b) Whenever an operator receives any changes in the information 
reported or additions to the original report on DOT Form 7000-1, it 
shall file a supplemental report within 30 days.

[Amdt. 195-39, 53 FR 24950, July 1, 1988]



Sec. 195.55  Reporting safety-related conditions.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
operator shall report in accordance with Sec. 195.56 the existence of 
any of the following safety-related conditions involving pipelines in 
service:
    (1) General corrosion that has reduced the wall thickness to less 
than that required for the maximum operating pressure, and localized 
corrosion pitting to a degree where leakage might result.
    (2) Unintended movement or abnormal loading of a pipeline by 
environmental causes, such as an earthquake, landslide, or flood, that 
impairs its serviceability.
    (3) Any material defect or physical damage that impairs the 
serviceability of a pipeline.
    (4) Any malfunction or operating error that causes the pressure of a 
pipeline to rise above 110 percent of its maximum operating pressure.
    (5) A leak in a pipeline that constitutes an emergency.
    (6) Any safety-related condition that could lead to an imminent 
hazard and causes (either directly or indirectly by remedial action of 
the operator), for purposes other than abandonment, a 20 percent or more 
reduction in operating pressure or shutdown of operation of a pipeline.
    (b) A report is not required for any safety-related condition that--
    (1) Exists on a pipeline that is more than 220 yards from any 
building intended for human occupancy or outdoor place of assembly, 
except that reports are required for conditions within the right-of-way 
of an active railroad, paved road, street, or highway, or that occur 
offshore or at onshore locations where a loss of hazardous liquid could 
reasonably be expected to pollute any

[[Page 145]]

stream, river, lake, reservoir, or other body of water;
    (2) Is an accident that is required to be reported under Sec. 195.50 
or results in such an accident before the deadline for filing the 
safety-related condition report; or
    (3) Is corrected by repair or replacement in accordance with 
applicable safety standards before the deadline for filing the safety-
related condition report, except that reports are required for all 
conditions under paragraph (a)(1) of this section other than localized 
corrosion pitting on an effectively coated and cathodically protected 
pipeline.

[Amdt. 195-39, 53 FR 24950, July 1, 1988; 53 FR 29800, Aug. 8, 1988]



Sec. 195.56  Filing safety-related condition reports.

    (a) Each report of a safety-related condition under Sec. 191.55(a) 
must be filed (received by the Administrator) in writing within 5 
working days (not including Saturdays, Sundays, or Federal holidays) 
after the day a representative of the operator first determines that the 
condition exists, but not later than 10 working days after the day a 
representative of the operator discovers the condition. Separate 
conditions may be described in a single report if they are closely 
related. To file a report by telefacsimile (fax), dial (202) 366-7128.
    (b) The report must be headed ``Safety-Related Condition Report'' 
and provide the following information:
    (1) Name and principal address of operator.
    (2) Date of report.
    (3) Name, job title, and business telephone number of person 
submitting the report.
    (4) Name, job title, and business telephone number of person who 
determined that the condition exists.
    (5) Date condition was discovered and date condition was first 
determined to exist.
    (6) Location of condition, with reference to the State (and town, 
city, or county) or offshore site, and as appropriate nearest street 
address, offshore platform, survey station number, milepost, landmark, 
or name of pipeline.
    (7) Description of the condition, including circumstances leading to 
its discovery, any significant effects of the condition on safety, and 
the name of the commodity transported or stored.
    (8) The corrective action taken (including reduction of pressure or 
shutdown) before the report is submitted and the planned follow-up or 
future corrective action, including the anticipated schedule for 
starting and concluding such action.

[Amdt. 195-39, 53 FR 24950, July 1, 1988; 53 FR 29800, Aug. 8, 1988, as 
amended by Amdt. 195-42, 54 FR 32344, Aug. 7, 1989; Amdt. 195-44, 54 FR 
40878, Oct. 4, 1989; Amdt. 195-50, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.57  Filing offshore pipeline condition reports.

    (a) Each operator shall, within 60 days after completion of the 
inspection of all its underwater pipelines subject to Sec. 195.413(a), 
report the following information:
    (1) Name and principal address of operator.
    (2) Date of report.
    (3) Name, job title, and business telephone number of person 
submitting the report.
    (4) Total number of miles of pipeline inspected.
    (5) Length and date of installation of each exposed pipeline 
segment, and location; including, if available, the location according 
to the Minerals Management Service or state offshore area and block 
number tract.
    (6) Length and date of installation of each pipeline segment, if 
different from a pipeline segment identified under paragraph (a)(5) of 
this section, that is a hazard to navigation, and the location; 
including, if available, the location according to the Minerals 
Management Service or state offshore area and block number tract.
    (b) The report shall be mailed to the Information Officer, Research 
and Special Programs Administration, Department of Transportation, 400 
Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590.

[Amdt. 195-47, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991]

[[Page 146]]



Sec. 195.58  Address for written reports.

    Each written report required by this subpart must be made to the 
Information Resources Manager, Office of Pipeline Safety, Research and 
Special Programs Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Room 
2335, 400 Seventh Street SW., Washington DC 20590. However, accident 
reports for intrastate pipelines subject to the jurisdiction of a State 
agency pursuant to a certification under the pipeline safety laws (49 
U.S.C. 60101 et seq.) may be submitted in duplicate to that State agency 
if the regulations of that agency require submission of these reports 
and provide for further transmittal of one copy within 10 days of 
receipt to the Information Resources Manager. Safety-related condition 
reports required by Sec. 195.55 for intrastate pipelines must be 
submitted concurrently to the State agency, and if that agency acts as 
an agent of the Secretary with respect to interstate pipelines, safety-
related condition reports for these pipelines must be submitted 
concurrently to that agency.

[Amdt. 195-55, 61 FR 18518, Apr. 26, 1996



Sec. 195.60  Operator assistance in investigation.

    If the Department of Transportation investigates an accident, the 
operator involved shall make available to the representative of the 
Department all records and information that in any way pertain to the 
accident, and shall afford all reasonable assistance in the 
investigation of the accident.



Sec. 195.62  Supplies of accident report DOT Form 7000-1.

    Each operator shall maintain an adequate supply of forms that are a 
facsimile of DOT Form 7000-1 to enable it to promptly report accidents. 
The Department will, upon request, furnish specimen copies of the form. 
Requests should be addressed to the Information Resources Manager, 
Office of Pipeline Safety, Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 
20590.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended at 47 FR 32720, 
July 29, 1982]



Sec. 195.63  OMB control number assigned to information collection.

    The control number assigned by the Office of Management and Budget 
to the hazardous liquid pipeline information collection requirements of 
this part pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 is 2137-0047.

[Amdt. 195-34, 50 FR 34474, Aug. 26, 1985]



                     Subpart C--Design Requirements



Sec. 195.100  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum design requirements for new pipeline 
systems constructed with steel pipe and for relocating, replacing, or 
otherwise changing existing systems constructed with steel pipe. 
However, it does not apply to the movement of line pipe covered by 
Sec. 195.424.



Sec. 195.101  Qualifying metallic components other than pipe.

    Notwithstanding any requirement of the subpart which incorporates by 
reference an edition of a document listed in Sec. 195.3, a metallic 
component other than pipe manufactured in accordance with any other 
edition of that document is qualified for use if--
    (a) It can be shown through visual inspection of the cleaned 
component that no defect exists which might impair the strength or 
tightness of the component: and
    (b) The edition of the document under which the component was 
manufactured has equal or more stringent requirements for the following 
as an edition of that document currently or previously listed in 
Sec. 195.3:
    (1) Pressure testing;
    (2) Materials; and
    (3) Pressure and temperature ratings.

[Amdt. 195-28, 48 FR 30639, July 5, 1983]



Sec. 195.102  Design temperature.

    (a) Material for components of the system must be chosen for the 
temperature environment in which the components will be used so that the 
pipeline will maintain its structural integrity.
    (b) Components of carbon dioxide pipelines that are subject to low 
temperatures during normal operation because of rapid pressure reduction 
or

[[Page 147]]

during the initial fill of the line must be made of materials that are 
suitable for those low temperatures.

[Admt. 195-45, 56 FR 26925, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.104  Variations in pressure.

    If, within a pipeline system, two or more components are to be 
connected at a place where one will operate at a higher pressure than 
another, the system must be designed so that any component operating at 
the lower pressure will not be overstressed.



Sec. 195.106  Internal design pressure.

    (a) Internal design pressure for the pipe in a pipeline is 
determined in accordance with the following formula:

                           P=(2 St/D) x E x F

    P=Internal design pressure in pounds per square inch gauge.
    S=Yield strength in pounds per square inch determined in accordance 
with paragraph (b) of this section.
    t=Nominal wall thickness of the pipe in inches. If this is unknown, 
it is determined in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
    D=Nominal outside diameter of the pipe in inches.
    E=Seam joint factor determined in accordance with paragraph (e) of 
this section.
    F=A design factor of 0.72, except that a design factor of 0.60 is 
used for pipe, including risers, on a platform located offshore or on a 
platform in inland navigable waters, and 0.54 is used for pipe that has 
been subjected to cold expansion to meet the specified minimum yield 
strength and is subsequently heated, other than by welding or stress 
relieving as a part of welding, to a temperature higher than 900 deg. F 
(482 deg. C) for any period of time or over 600 deg. F (316 deg. C) for 
more than 1 hour.

    (b) The yield strength to be used in determining the internal design 
pressure under paragraph (a) of this section is the specified minimum 
yield strength. If the specified minimum yield strength is not known, 
the yield strength to be used in the design formula is one of the 
following:
    (1)(i) The yield strength determined by performing all of the 
tensile tests of API Specification 5L on randomly selected specimens 
with the following number of tests:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Pipe size                          No. of tests        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than 168.3 mm (6\5/8\ in) nominal      One test for each 200       
 outside diameter.                           lengths.                   
168.3 through 323.8 mm (6\5/8\ through      One test for each 100       
 12\3/4\ in) nominal outside diameter.       lengths.                   
Larger than 323.8 mm (12\3/4\ in) nominal   One test for each 50        
 outside diameter.                           lengths.                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) If the average yield-tensile ratio exceeds 0.85, the yield 
strength shall be taken as 165,474 kPa (24,000 psi). If the average 
yield-tensile ratio is 0.85 or less, the yield strength of the pipe is 
taken as the lower of the following:
    (A) Eighty percent of the average yield strength determined by the 
tensile tests.
    (B) The lowest yield strength determined by the tensile tests.
    (2) If the pipe is not tensile tested as provided in paragraph (b) 
of this section, the yield strength shall be taken as 165,474 kPa 
(24,000 psi).
    (c) If the nominal wall thickness to be used in determining internal 
design pressure under paragraph (a) of this section is not known, it is 
determined by measuring the thickness of each piece of pipe at quarter 
points on one end. However, if the pipe is of uniform grade, size, and 
thickness, only 10 individual lengths or 5 percent of all lengths, 
whichever is greater, need be measured. The thickness of the lengths 
that are not measured must be verified by applying a gage set to the 
minimum thickness found by the measurement. The nominal wall thickness 
to be used is the next wall thickness found in commercial specifications 
that is below the average of all the measurements taken. However, the 
nominal wall thickness may not be more than 1.14 times the smallest 
measurement taken on pipe that is less than 508 mm (20 in) nominal 
outside diameter, nor more than 1.11 times the smallest measurement 
taken on pipe that is 508 mm (20 in) or more in nominal outside 
diameter.
    (d) The minimum wall thickness of the pipe may not be less than 87.5 
percent of the value used for nominal wall thickness in determining the 
internal design pressure under paragraph (a) of this section. In 
addition, the anticipated external loads and external pressures that are 
concurrent with internal

[[Page 148]]

pressure must be considered in accordance with Secs. 195.108 and 195.110 
and, after determining the internal design pressure, the nominal wall 
thickness must be increased as necessary to compensate for these 
concurrent loads and pressures.
    (e) The seam joint factor used in paragraph (a) of this section is 
determined in accordance with the following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Seam 
            Specification                     Pipe class           joint
                                                                  factor
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASTM A53............................  Seamless..................    1.00
                                      Electric resistance welded    1.00
                                      Furnace lap welded........    0.80
                                      Furnace butt welded.......    0.60
ASTM A106...........................  Seamless..................    1.00
ASTM A 333/A 333M...................  Seamless..................    1.00
                                      Welded....................    1.00
ASTM A381...........................  Double submerged arc          1.00
                                       welded.                          
ASTM A671...........................  Electric-fusion-welded....    1.00
ASTM A672...........................  Electric-fusion-welded....    1.00
ASTM A691...........................  Electric-fusion-welded....    1.00
API 5L..............................  Seamless..................    1.00
                                      Electric resistance welded    1.00
                                      Electric flash welded.....    1.00
                                      Submerged arc welded......    1.00
                                      Furnace lap welded........    0.80
                                      Furnace butt welded.......    0.60
------------------------------------------------------------------------

The seam joint factor for pipe which is not covered by this paragraph 
must be approved by the Administrator.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982, 
as amended by Amdt. 195-30, 49 FR 7569, Mar. 1, 1984; Amdt 195-37, 51 FR 
15335, Apr. 23, 1986; Amdt 195-40, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989; 58 FR 
14524, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 195-50, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994; Amdt. 
195-52, 59 FR 33396, 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.108  External pressure.

    Any external pressure that will be exerted on the pipe must be 
provided for in designing a pipeline system.



Sec. 195.110  External loads.

    (a) Anticipated external loads (e.g.), earthquakes, vibration, 
thermal expansion, and contraction must be provided for in designing a 
pipeline system. In providing for expansion and flexibility, section 419 
of ASME/ANSI B31.4 must be followed.
    (b) The pipe and other components must be supported in such a way 
that the support does not cause excess localized stresses. In designing 
attachments to pipe, the added stress to the wall of the pipe must be 
computed and compensated for.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended at 58 FR 14524, 
Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 195.111  Fracture propagation.

    A carbon dioxide pipeline system must be designed to mitigate the 
effects of fracture propagation.

[Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26926, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.112  New pipe.

    Any new pipe installed in a pipeline system must comply with the 
following:
    (a) The pipe must be made of steel of the carbon, low alloy-high 
strength, or alloy type that is able to withstand the internal pressures 
and external loads and pressures anticipated for the pipeline system.
    (b) The pipe must be made in accordance with a written pipe 
specification that sets forth the chemical requirements for the pipe 
steel and mechanical tests for the pipe to provide pipe suitable for the 
use intended.
    (c) Each length of pipe with a nominal outside diameter of 114.3 mm 
(4\1/2\ in) or more must be marked on the pipe or pipe coating with the 
specification to which it was made, the specified minimum yield strength 
or grade, and the pipe size. The marking must be applied in a manner 
that does not damage the pipe or pipe coating and must remain visible 
until the pipe is installed.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 
59 FR 33396, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.114  Used pipe.

    Any used pipe installed in a pipeline system must comply with 
Sec. 195.112 (a) and (b) and the following:
    (a) The pipe must be of a known specification and the seam joint 
factor must be determined in accordance with Sec. 195.106(e). If the 
specified minimum yield strength or the wall thickness is not known, it 
is determined in accordance with Sec. 195.106 (b) or (c) as appropriate.
    (b) There may not be any:
    (1) Buckles;
    (2) Cracks, grooves, gouges, dents, or other surface defects that 
exceed the

[[Page 149]]

maximum depth of such a defect permitted by the specification to which 
the pipe was manufactured; or
    (3) Corroded areas where the remaining wall thickness is less than 
the minimum thickness required by the tolerances in the specification to 
which the pipe was manufactured.

However, pipe that does not meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(3) of 
this section may be used if the operating pressure is reduced to be 
commensurate with the remaining wall thickness.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982]



Sec. 195.116  Valves.

    Each valve installed in a pipeline system must comply with the 
following:
    (a) The valve must be of a sound engineering design.
    (b) Materials subject to the internal pressure of the pipeline 
system, including welded and flanged ends, must be compatible with the 
pipe or fittings to which the valve is attached.
    (c) Each part of the valve that will be in contact with the carbon 
dioxide or hazardous liquid stream must be made of materials that are 
compatible with carbon dioxide or each hazardous liquid that it is 
anticipated will flow through the pipeline system.
    (d) Each valve must be both hydrostatically shell tested and 
hydrostatically seat tested without leakage to at least the requirements 
set forth in section 5 of API Standard 6D.
    (e) Each valve other than a check valve must be equipped with a 
means for clearly indicating the position of the valve (open, closed, 
etc.).
    (f) Each valve must be marked on the body or the nameplate, with at 
least the following:
    (1) Manufacturer's name or trademark.
    (2) Class designation or the maximum working pressure to which the 
valve may be subjected.
    (3) Body material designation (the end connection material, if more 
than one type is used).
    (4) Nominal valve size.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981 as amended by Amdt. 195-45, 56 
FR 26926, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.118  Fittings.

    (a) Butt-welding type fittings must meet the marking, end 
preparation, and the bursting strength requirements of ASME/ANSI B16.9 
or MSS Standard Practice SP-75.
    (b) There may not be any buckles, dents, cracks, gouges, or other 
defects in the fitting that might reduce the strength of the fitting.
    (c) The fitting must be suitable for the intended service and be at 
least as strong as the pipe and other fittings in the pipeline system to 
which it is attached.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982, 
as amended at 58 FR 14524, Mar. 18, 1993]



Sec. 195.120  Passage of internal inspection devices.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
each new pipeline and each line section of a pipeline where the line 
pipe, valve, fitting or other line component is replaced; must be 
designed and constructed to accommodate the passage of instrumented 
internal inspection devices.
    (b) This section does not apply to:
    (1) Manifolds;
    (2) Station piping such as at pump stations, meter stations, or 
pressure reducing stations;
    (3) Piping associated with tank farms and other storage facilities;
    (4) Cross-overs;
    (5) Sizes of pipe for which an instrumented internal inspection 
device is not commercially available;
    (6) Offshore pipelines, other than main lines 10 inches or greater 
in nominal diameter, that transport liquids to onshore facilities; and
    (7) Other piping that the Administrator under Sec. 190.9 of this 
chapter, finds in a particular case would be impracticable to design and 
construct to accommodate the passage of instrumented internal inspection 
devices.
    (c) An operator encountering emergencies, construction time 
constraints and other unforeseen construction problems need not 
construct a new or

[[Page 150]]

replacement segment of a pipeline to meet paragraph (a) of this section, 
if the operator determines and documents why an impracticability 
prohibits compliance with paragraph (a) of this section. Within 30 days 
after discovering the emergency or construction problem the operator 
must petition, under Sec. 190.9 of this chapter, for approval that 
design and construction to accommodate passage of instrumented internal 
inspection devices would be impracticable. If the petition is denied, 
within 1 year after the date of the notice of the denial, the operator 
must modify that segment to allow passage of instrumented internal 
inspection devices.

[Amdt. 195-50, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.122  Fabricated branch connections.

    Each pipeline system must be designed so that the addition of any 
fabricated branch connections will not reduce the strength of the 
pipeline system.



Sec. 195.124  Closures.

    Each closure to be installed in a pipeline system must comply with 
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, section VIII, Pressure 
Vessels, Division 1, and must have pressure and temperature ratings at 
least equal to those of the pipe to which the closure is attached.



Sec. 195.126  Flange connection.

    Each component of a flange connection must be compatible with each 
other component and the connection as a unit must be suitable for the 
service in which it is to be used.



Sec. 195.128  Station piping.

    Any pipe to be installed in a station that is subject to system 
pressure must meet the applicable requirements of this subpart.



Sec. 195.130  Fabricated assemblies.

    Each fabricated assembly to be installed in a pipeline system must 
meet the applicable requirements of this subpart.



Sec. 195.132  Above ground breakout tanks.

    Each above ground breakout tank must be designed to withstand the 
internal pressure produced by the hazardous liquid to be stored therein 
and any anticipated external loads.



                         Subpart D--Construction



Sec. 195.200  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for constructing new 
pipeline systems with steel pipe, and for relocating, replacing, or 
otherwise changing existing pipeline systems that are constructed with 
steel pipe. However, this subpart does not apply to the movement of pipe 
covered by Sec. 195.424.



Sec. 195.202  Compliance with specifications or standards.

    Each pipeline system must be constructed in accordance with 
comprehensive written specifications or standards that are consistent 
with the requirements of this part.



Sec. 195.204  Inspection--general.

    Inspection must be provided to ensure the installation of pipe or 
pipeline systems in accordance with the requirements of this subpart. No 
person may be used to perform inspections unless that person has been 
trained and is qualified in the phase of construction to be inspected.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 
59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.206  Material inspection.

    No pipe or other component may be installed in a pipeline system 
unless it has been visually inspected at the site of installation to 
ensure that it is not damaged in a manner that could impair its strength 
or reduce its serviceability.



Sec. 195.208  Welding of supports and braces.

    Supports or braces may not be welded directly to pipe that will be 
operated at a pressure of more than 100 p.s.i.g.

[[Page 151]]



Sec. 195.210  Pipeline location.

    (a) Pipeline right-of-way must be selected to avoid, as far as 
practicable, areas containing private dwellings, industrial buildings, 
and places of public assembly.
    (b) No pipeline may be located within 50 feet of any private 
dwelling, or any industrial building or place of public assembly in 
which persons work, congregate, or assemble, unless it is provided with 
at least 12 inches of cover in addition to that prescribed in 
Sec. 195.248.



Sec. 195.212  Bending of pipe.

    (a) Pipe must not have a wrinkle bend.
    (b) Each field bend must comply with the following:
    (1) A bend must not impair the serviceability of the pipe.
    (2) Each bend must have a smooth contour and be free from buckling, 
cracks, or any other mechanical damage.
    (3) On pipe containing a longitudinal weld, the longitudinal weld 
must be as near as practicable to the neutral axis of the bend unless--
    (i) The bend is made with an internal bending mandrel; or
    (ii) The pipe is 323.8 mm (12\3/4\ in) or less nominal outside 
diameter or has a diameter to wall thickness ratio less than 70.
    (c) Each circumferential weld which is located where the stress 
during bending causes a permanent deformation in the pipe must be 
nondestructively tested either before or after the bending process.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 
59 FR 33396, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.214  Welding: General.

    (a) Welding must be performed by a qualified welder in accordance 
with welding procedures qualified to produce welds meeting the 
requirements of this subpart. The quality of the test welds used to 
qualify the procedure shall be determined by destructive testing.
    (b) Each welding procedure must be recorded in detail, including the 
results of the qualifying tests. This record must be retained and 
followed whenever the procedure is used.

[Amdt. 195-38, 51 FR 20297, June 4, 1986]



Sec. 195.216  Welding: Miter joints.

    A miter joint is not permitted (not including deflections up to 3 
degrees that are caused by misalignment).



Sec. 195.222  Welders: Qualification of welders.

    Each welder must be qualified in accordance with section 3 of API 
Standard 1104 or section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 
except that a welder qualified under an earlier edition than listed in 
Sec. 195.3 may weld but may not requalify under that earlier edition.

[Amdt. 195-32, 49 FR 36860, Sept. 20, 1984, as amended by Amdt. 195-38, 
51 FR 20297, June 4, 1986]



Sec. 195.224  Welding: Weather.

    Welding must be protected from weather conditions that would impair 
the quality of the completed weld.



Sec. 195.226  Welding: Arc burns.

    (a) Each arc burn must be repaired.
    (b) An arc burn may be repaired by completely removing the notch by 
grinding, if the grinding does not reduce the remaining wall thickness 
to less than the minimum thickness required by the tolerances in the 
specification to which the pipe is manufactured. If a notch is not 
repairable by grinding, a cylinder of the pipe containing the entire 
notch must be removed.
    (c) A ground may not be welded to the pipe or fitting that is being 
welded.



Sec. 195.228  Welds and welding inspection: Standards of acceptability.

    (a) Each weld and welding must be inspected to insure compliance 
with the requirements of this subpart. Visual inspection must be 
supplemented by nondestructive testing.
    (b) The acceptability of a weld is determined according to the 
standards in section 6 of API Standard 1104. However, if a girth weld is 
unacceptable under those standards for a reason other than a crack, and 
if the Appendix to API Standard 1104 applies to the

[[Page 152]]

weld, the acceptability of the weld may be determined under that 
appendix.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 
59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.230  Welds: Repair or removal of defects.

    (a) Each weld that is unacceptable under Sec. 195.228 must be 
removed or repaired. Except for welds on an offshore pipeline being 
installed from a pipelay vessel, a weld must be removed if it has a 
crack that is more than 8 percent of the weld length.
    (b) Each weld that is repaired must have the defect removed down to 
sound metal and the segment to be repaired must be preheated if 
conditions exist which would adversely affect the quality of the weld 
repair. After repair, the segment of the weld that was repaired must be 
inspected to ensure its acceptability.
    (c) Repair of a crack, or of any defect in a previously repaired 
area must be in accordance with written weld repair procedures that have 
been qualified under Sec. 195.214. Repair procedures must provide that 
the minimum mechanical properties specified for the welding procedure 
used to make the original weld are met upon completion of the final weld 
repair.

[Amdt. 195-29, 48 FR 48674, Oct. 20, 1983]



Sec. 195.234  Welds: Nondestructive testing.

    (a) A weld may be nondestructively tested by any process that will 
clearly indicate any defects that may affect the integrity of the weld.
    (b) Any nondestructive testing of welds must be performed--
    (1) In accordance with a written set of procedures for 
nondestructive testing; and
    (2) With personnel that have been trained in the established 
procedures and in the use of the equipment employed in the testing.
    (c) Procedures for the proper interpretation of each weld inspection 
must be established to ensure the acceptability of the weld under 
Sec. 195.228.
    (d) During construction, at least 10 percent of the girth welds made 
by each welder during each welding day must be nondestructively tested 
over the entire circumference of the weld.
    (e) All girth welds installed each day in the following locations 
must be nondestructively tested over their entire circumference, except 
that when nondestructive testing is impracticable for a girth weld, it 
need not be tested if the number of girth welds for which testing is 
impracticable does not exceed 10 percent of the girth welds installed 
that day:
    (1) At any onshore location where a loss of hazardous liquid could 
reasonably be expected to pollute any stream, river, lake, reservoir, or 
other body of water, and any offshore area;
    (2) Within railroad or public road rights-of-way;
    (3) At overhead road crossings and within tunnels;
    (4) Within the limits of any incorporated subdivision of a State 
government; and
    (5) Within populated areas, including, but not limited to, 
residential subdivisions, shopping centers, schools, designated 
commercial areas, industrial facilities, public institutions, and places 
of public assembly.
    (f) When installing used pipe, 100 percent of the old girth welds 
must be nondestructively tested.
    (g) At pipeline tie-ins, including tie-ins of replacement sections, 
100 percent of the girth welds must be nondestructively tested.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-35, 
50 FR 37192, Sept. 21, 1985; Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.236  External corrosion protection.

    Each component in the pipeline system must be provided with 
protection against external corrosion.



Sec. 195.238  External coating.

    (a) No pipeline system component may be buried or submerged unless 
that component has an external protective coating that--
    (1) Is designed to mitigate corrosion of the buried or submerged 
component;
    (2) Has sufficient adhesion to the metal surface to prevent 
underfilm migration of moisture;

[[Page 153]]

    (3) Is sufficiently ductile to resist cracking;
    (4) Has enough strength to resist damage due to handling and soil 
stress; and
    (5) Supports any supplemental cathodic protection.

In addition, if an insulating-type coating is used it must have low 
moisture absorption and provide high electrical resistance.
    (b) All pipe coating must be inspected just prior to lowering the 
pipe into the ditch or submerging the pipe, and any damage discovered 
must be repaired.



Sec. 195.242  Cathodic protection system.

    (a) A cathodic protection system must be installed for all buried or 
submerged facilities to mitigate corrosion
that might result in structural failure. A test procedure must be 
developed to determine whether adequate cathodic protection has been 
achieved.
    (b) A cathodic protection system must be installed not later than 1 
year after completing the construction.



Sec. 195.244  Test leads.

    (a) Except for offshore pipelines, electrical test leads used for 
corrosion control or electrolysis testing must be installed at intervals 
frequent enough to obtain electrical measurements indicating the 
adequacy of the cathodic protection.
    (b) Test leads must be installed as follows:
    (1) Enough looping or slack must be provided to prevent test leads 
from being unduly stressed or broken during backfilling.
    (2) Each lead must be attached to the pipe so as to prevent stress 
concentration on the pipe.
    (3) Each lead installed in a conduit must be suitably insulated from 
the conduit.



Sec. 195.246  Installation of pipe in a ditch.

    (a) All pipe installed in a ditch must be installed in a manner that 
minimizes the introduction of secondary stresses and the possibility of 
damage to the pipe.
    (b) Except for pipe in the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets, all 
offshore pipe in water at least 3.7 m (12 ft) deep but not more than 61 
m (200 ft) deep, as measured from the mean low tide, must be installed 
so that the top of the pipe is below the natural bottom unless the pipe 
is supported by stanchions, held in place by anchors or heavy concrete 
coating, or protected by an equivalent means.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 
59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994; 59 FR 36256, July 15, 1994]



Sec. 195.248  Cover over buried pipeline.

    (a) Unless specifically exempted in this subpart, all pipe must be 
buried so that it is below the level of cultivation. Except as provided 
in paragraph (b) of this section, the pipe must be installed so that the 
cover between the top of the pipe and the ground level, road bed, river 
bottom, or sea bottom, as applicable, complies with the following table:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Cover (inches)      
                                             ---------------------------
                  Location                    For normal     For rock   
                                              excavation  excavation \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Industrial, commercial, and residential                                 
 areas......................................         36            30   
Crossings of inland bodies of water with a                              
 width of at least 100 ft from high water                               
 mark to high water mark....................         48            18   
Drainage ditches at public roads and                                    
 railroads..................................         36            36   
Deepwater port safety zone..................         48            24   
Gulf of Mexico and its inlets and other                                 
 offshore areas under water less than 3.7 m                             
 (12 ft) deep as measured from the mean low                             
 tide.......................................         36            18   
Any other area..............................         30            18   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Rock excavation is any excavation that requires blasting or removal 
  by equivalent means.                                                  

    (b) Except for the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets, less cover than 
the minimum required by paragraph (a) of this section and Sec. 195.210 
may be used if--
    (1) It is impracticable to comply with the minimum cover 
requirements; and
    (2) Additional protection is provided that is equivalent to the 
minimum required cover.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982 as 
amended by Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994; 59 FR 36256, July 
15, 1994]

[[Page 154]]



Sec. 195.250  Clearance between pipe and underground structures.

    Any pipe installed underground must have at least 12 inches of 
clearance between the outside of the pipe and the extremity of any other 
underground structure, except that for drainage tile the minimum 
clearance may be less than 12 inches but not less than 2 inches. 
However, where 12 inches of clearance is impracticable, the clearance 
may be reduced if adequate provisions are made for corrosion control.



Sec. 195.252  Backfilling.

    Backfilling must be performed in a manner that protects any pipe 
coating and provides firm support for the pipe.



Sec. 195.254  Above ground components.

    (a) Any component may be installed above ground in the following 
situations, if the other applicable requirements of this part are 
complied with:
    (1) Overhead crossings of highways, railroads, or a body of water.
    (2) Spans over ditches and gullies.
    (3) Scraper traps or block valves.
    (4) Areas under the direct control of the operator.
    (5) In any area inaccessible to the public.
    (b) Each component covered by this section must be protected from 
the forces exerted by the anticipated loads.



Sec. 195.256  Crossing of railroads and highways.

    The pipe at each railroad or highway crossing must be installed so 
as to adequately withstand the dynamic forces exerted by anticipated 
traffic loads.



Sec. 195.258  Valves: General.

    (a) Each valve must be installed in a location that is accessible to 
authorized employees and that is protected from damage or tampering.
    (b) Each submerged valve located offshore or in inland navigable 
waters must be marked, or located by conventional survey techniques, to 
facilitate quick location when operation of the valve is required.



Sec. 195.260   Valves: Location.

    A valve must be installed at each of the following locations:
    (a) On the suction end and the discharge end of a pump station in a 
manner that permits isolation of the pump station equipment in the event 
of an emergency.
    (b) On each line entering or leaving a breakout storage tank area in 
a manner that permits isolation of the tank area from other facilities.
    (c) On each mainline at locations along the pipeline system that 
will minimize damage or pollution from accidental hazardous liquid 
discharge, as appropriate for the terrain in open country, for offshore 
areas, or for populated areas.
    (d) On each lateral takeoff from a trunk line in a manner that 
permits shutting off the lateral without interrupting the flow in the 
trunk line.
    (e) On each side of a water crossing that is more than 100 feet wide 
from high-water mark to high-water mark unless the Administrator finds 
in a particular case that valves are not justified.
    (f) On each side of a reservoir holding water for human consumption.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982; 
Amdt. 195-50, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.262  Pumping equipment.

    (a) Adequate ventilation must be provided in pump station buildings 
to prevent the accumulation of hazardous vapors. Warning devices must be 
installed to warn of the presence of hazardous vapors in the pumping 
station building.
    (b) The following must be provided in each pump station:
    (1) Safety devices that prevent overpressuring of pumping equipment, 
including the auxiliary pumping equipment within the pumping station.
    (2) A device for the emergency shutdown of each pumping station.
    (3) If power is necessary to actuate the safety devices, an 
auxiliary power supply.
    (c) Each safety device must be tested under conditions approximating 
actual operations and found to function properly before the pumping 
station may be used.
    (d) Except for offshore pipelines, pumping equipment must be 
installed on property that is under the control of

[[Page 155]]

the operator and at least 15.2 m (50 ft) from the boundary of the pump 
station.
    (e) Adequate fire protection must be installed at each pump station. 
If the fire protection system installed requires the use of pumps, 
motive power must be provided for those pumps that is separate from the 
power that operates the station.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 
59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.264  Above ground breakout tanks.

    For above ground breakout tanks--
    (a) A means must be provided for containing hazardous liquids in the 
event of spillage or tank failure.
    (b) Tank areas must be adequately protected against unauthorized 
entry.
    (c) Normal and emergency relief venting must be provided for each 
tank.



Sec. 195.266  Construction records.

    A complete record that shows the following must be maintained by the 
operator involved for the life of each pipeline facility:
    (a) The total number of girth welds and the number nondestructively 
tested, including the number rejected and the disposition of each 
rejected weld.
    (b) The amount, location; and cover of each size of pipe installed.
    (c) The location of each crossing of another pipeline.
    (d) The location of each buried utility crossing.
    (e) The location of each overhead crossing.
    (f) The location of each valve and corrosion test station.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-34, 
50 FR 34474, Aug. 26, 1985]



                       Subpart E--Pressure Testing



Sec. 195.300  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for the pressure 
testing of steel pipelines. However, this subpart does not apply to the 
movement of pipe under Sec. 195.424.

[Amdt. 195-51, 59 FR 29384, June 7, 1994]



Sec. 195.302  General requirements.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section and in 
Sec. 195.304(b), no operator may operate a pipeline unless it has been 
pressure tested under this subpart without leakage. In addition, no 
operator may return to service a segment of pipeline that has been 
replaced, relocated, or otherwise changed until it has been pressure 
tested under this subpart without leakage.
    (b) Except for pipelines converted under Sec. 195.5, the following 
pipelines may be operated without pressure testing under this subpart:
    (1) Any hazardous liquid pipeline whose maximum operating pressure 
is established under Sec. 195.406(a)(5) that is--
    (i) An interstate pipeline constructed before January 8, 1971;
    (ii) An interstate offshore gathering line constructed before August 
1, 1977;
    (iii) An intrastate pipeline constructed before October 21, 1985; or
    (iv) A low-stress pipeline constructed before August 11, 1994 that 
transports HVL.
    (2) Any carbon dioxide pipeline constructed before July 12, 1991, 
that--
    (i) Has its maximum operating pressure established under 
Sec. 195.406(a)(5); or
    (ii) Is located in a rural area as part of a production field 
distribution system.
    (3) Any low-stress pipeline constructed before August 11, 1994 that 
does not transport HVL.
    (c) Except for onshore pipelines that transport HVL, the following 
compliance deadlines apply to pipelines under paragraphs (b)(1) and 
(b)(2)(i) of this section that have not been pressure tested under this 
subpart:
    (1) Before December 7, 1997, for each pipeline each operator shall--
    (i) Plan and schedule testing according to this paragraph; or
    (ii) Establish the pipeline's maximum operating pressure under 
Sec. 195.406(a)(5).
    (2) For pipelines scheduled for testing, each operator shall--
    (i) Before December 7, 1999, pressure test--
    (A) Each pipeline identified by name, symbol, or otherwise that 
existing records show contains more than 50

[[Page 156]]

percent by mileage of electric resistance welded pipe manufactured 
before 1970; and
    (B) At least 50 percent of the mileage of all other pipelines; and
    (ii) Before December 7, 2002, pressure test the remainder of the 
pipeline mileage.

[Amdt. 195-51, 59 FR 29384, June 7, 1994, as amended by Amdt. 195-53, 59 
FR 35471, July 12, 1994; Amdt. 195-51B, 61 FR 43027, Aug. 20, 1996]



Sec. 195.303  Test pressure.

    The test pressure for each pressure test conducted under this 
subpart must be maintained throughout the part of the system being 
tested for at least 4 continuous hours at a pressure equal to 125 
percent, or more, of the maximum operating pressure and, in the case of 
a pipeline that is not visually inspected for leakage during the test, 
for at least an additional 4 continuous hours at a pressure equal to 110 
percent, or more, of the maximum operating pressure.

[Amdt. 195-51, 59 FR 29384, June 7, 1994]



Sec. 195.304  Testing of components.

    (a) Each pressure test under Sec. 195.302 must test all pipe and 
attached fittings, including components, unless otherwise permitted by 
paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) A component, other than pipe, that is the only item being 
replaced or added to the pipeline system need not be hydrostatically 
tested under paragraph (a) of this section if the manufacturer certifies 
that either--
    (1) The component was hydrostatically tested at the factory; or
    (2) The component was manufactured under a quality control system 
that ensures each component is at least equal in strength to a prototype 
that was hydrostatically tested at the factory.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-51, 
59 FR 29385, June 7, 1994; Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.306  Test medium.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this 
section, water must be used as the test medium.
    (b) Except for offshore pipelines, liquid petroleum that does not 
vaporize rapidly may be used as the test medium if--
    (1) The entire pipeline section under test is outside of cities and 
other populated areas;
    (2) Each building within 300 feet of the test section is unoccupied 
while the test pressure is equal to or greater than a pressure which 
produces a hoop stress of 50 percent of specified minimum yield 
strength;
    (3) The test section is kept under surveillance by regular patrols 
during the test; and
    (4) Continuous communication is maintained along entire test 
section.
    (c) Carbon dioxide pipelines may use inert gas or carbon dioxide as 
the test medium if--
    (1) The entire pipeline section under test is outside of cities and 
other populated areas;
    (2) Each building within 300 feet of the test section is unoccupied 
while the test pressure is equal to or greater than a pressure that 
produces a hoop stress of 50 percent of specified minimum yield 
strength;
    (3) The maximum hoop stress during the test does not exceed 80 
percent of specified minimum yield strength;
    (4) Continuous communication is maintained along entire test 
section; and
    (5) The pipe involved is new pipe having a longitudinal joint factor 
of 1.00.
    (d) Air or inert gas may be used as the test medium in low-stress 
pipelines.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1991, as amended by Amdt. 195-45, 
56 FR 26926, June 12, 1991; Amdt. 195-51, 59 FR 29385, June 7, 1994; 
Amdt. 195-53, 59 FR 35471, July 12, 1994; Amdt. 195-51A, 59 FR 41260, 
Aug. 11, 1994]



Sec. 195.308  Testing of tie-ins.

    Pipe associated with tie-ins must be pressure tested, either with 
the section to be tied in or separately.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by 195-51, 59 FR 
29385, June 7, 1994]



Sec. 195.310  Records.

    (a) A record must be made of each pressure test required by this 
subpart, and the record of the latest test must

[[Page 157]]

be retained as long as the facility tested is in use.
    (b) The record required by paragraph (a) of this section must 
include:
    (1) The pressure recording charts;
    (2) Test instrument calibration data;
    (3) The name of the operator, the name of the person responsible for 
making the test, and the name of the test company used, if any;
    (4) The date and time of the test;
    (5) The minimum test pressure;
    (6) The test medium;
    (7) A description of the facility tested and the test apparatus;
    (8) An explanation of any pressure discontinuities, including test 
failures, that appear on the pressure recording charts; and
    (9) Where elevation differences in the section under test exceed 100 
feet, a profile of the pipeline that shows the elevation and test sites 
over the entire length of the test section.

[Amdt. 195-34, 50 FR 34474, Aug. 26, 1985, as amended by Amdt. 195-51, 
59 FR 29385, June 7, 1994]



                  Subpart F--Operation and Maintenance



Sec. 195.400  Scope.

    This subpart prescribes minimum requirements for operating and 
maintaining pipeline systems constructed with steel pipe.



Sec. 195.401  General requirements.

    (a) No operator may operate or maintain its pipeline systems at a 
level of safety lower than that required by this subpart and the 
procedures it is required to establish under Sec. 195.402(a) of this 
subpart.
    (b) Whenever an operator discovers any condition that could 
adversely affect the safe operation of its pipeline system, it shall 
correct it within a reasonable time. However, if the condition is of 
such a nature that it presents an immediate hazard to persons or 
property, the operator may not operate the affected part of the system 
until it has corrected the unsafe condition.
    (c) Except as provided in Sec. 195.5, no operator may operate any 
part of any of the following pipelines unless it was designed and 
constructed as required by this part:
    (1) An interstate pipeline, other than a low-stress pipeline, on 
which construction was begun after March 31, 1970, that transports 
hazardous liquid.
    (2) An interstate offshore gathering line, other than a low-stress 
pipeline, on which construction was begun after July 31, 1977, that 
transports hazardous liquid.
    (3) An intrastate pipeline, other than a low-stress pipeline, on 
which construction was begun after October 20, 1985, that transports 
hazardous liquid.
    (4) A pipeline on which construction was begun after July 11, 1991, 
that transports carbon dioxide.
    (5) A low-stress pipeline on which construction was begun after 
August 10, 1994.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-33, 
50 FR 15899, Apr. 23, 1985; Amdt. 195-33A, 50 FR 39008, Sept. 26, 1985; 
Amdt. 195-36, 51 FR 15008, Apr. 22, 1986; Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26926, 
June 12, 1991; Amdt. 195-53, 59 FR 35471, July 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.402  Procedural manual for operations, maintenance, and emergencies.

    (a) General. Each operator shall prepare and follow for each 
pipeline system a manual of written procedures for conducting normal 
operations and maintenance activities and handling abnormal operations 
and emergencies. This manual shall be reviewed at intervals not 
exceeding 15 months, but at least once each calendar year, and 
appropriate changes made as necessary to insure that the manual is 
effective. This manual shall be prepared before initial operations of a 
pipeline system commence, and appropriate parts shall be kept at 
locations where operations and maintenance activities are conducted.
    (b) The Administrator or the State Agency that has submitted a 
current certification under the pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et 
seq.) with respect to the pipeline facility governed by an operator's 
plans and procedures may, after notice and opportunity for hearing as 
provided in 49 CFR 190.237 or the relevant State procedures, require the 
operator to amend its plans and procedures as necessary to provide a 
reasonable level of safety.

[[Page 158]]

    (c) Maintenance and normal operations. The manual required by 
paragraph (a) of this section must include procedures for the following 
to provide safety during maintenance and normal operations:
    (1) Making construction records, maps, and operating history 
available as necessary for safe operation and maintenance.
    (2) Gathering of data needed for reporting accidents under subpart B 
of this part in a timely and effective manner.
    (3) Operating, maintaining, and repairing the pipeline system in 
accordance with each of the requirements of this subpart.
    (4) Determining which pipeline facilities are located in areas that 
would require an immediate response by the operator to prevent hazards 
to the public if the facilities failed or malfunctioned.
    (5) Analyzing pipeline accidents to determine their causes.
    (6) Minimizing the potential for hazards identified under paragraph 
(c)(4) of this section and the possibility of recurrence of accidents 
analyzed under paragraph (c)(5) of this section.
    (7) Starting up and shutting down any part of the pipeline system in 
a manner designed to assure operation within the limits prescribed by 
Sec. 195.406, consider the hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide in 
transportation, variations in altitude along the pipeline, and pressure 
monitoring and control devices.
    (8) In the case of a pipeline that is not equipped to fail safe, 
monitoring from an attended location pipeline pressure during startup 
until steady state pressure and flow conditions are reached and during 
shut-in to assure operation within limits prescribed by Sec. 195.406.
    (9) In the case of facilities not equipped to fail safe that are 
identified under paragraph 195.402(c)(4) or that control receipt and 
delivery of the hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide, detecting abnormal 
operating conditions by monitoring pressure, temperature, flow or other 
appropriate operational data and transmitting this data to an attended 
location.
    (10) Abandoning pipeline facilities, including safe disconnection 
from an operating pipeline system, purging of combustibles, and sealing 
abandoned facilities left in place to minimize safety and environmental 
hazards.
    (11) Minimizing the likelihood of accidental ignition of vapors in 
areas near facilities identified under paragraph (c)(4) of this section 
where the potential exists for the presence of flammable liquids or 
gases.
    (12) Establishing and maintaining liaison with fire, police, and 
other appropriate public officials to learn the responsibility and 
resources of each government organization that may respond to a 
hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide pipeline emergency and acquaint the 
officials with the operator's ability in respondinq to a hazardous 
liquid or carbon dioxide pipeline emergency and means of communication.
    (13) Periodically reviewing the work done by operator personnel to 
determine the effectiveness of the procedures used in normal operation 
and maintenance and taking corrective action where deficiencies are 
found.
    (14) Taking adequate precautions in excavated trenches to protect 
personnel from the hazards of unsafe accumulations of vapor or gas, and 
making available when needed at the excavation, emergency rescue 
equipment, including a breathing apparatus and, a rescue harness and 
line.
    (d) Abnormal operation. The manual required by paragraph (a) of this 
section must include procedures for the following to provide safety when 
operating design limits have been exceeded:
    (1) Responding to, investigating, and correcting the cause of:
    (i) Unintended closure of valves or shutdowns;
    (ii) Increase or decrease in pressure or flow rate outside normal 
operating limits;
    (iii) Loss of communications;
    (iv) Operation of any safety device;
    (v) Any other malfunction of a component, deviation from normal 
operation, or personnel error which could cause a hazard to persons or 
property.
    (2) Checking variations from normal operation after abnormal 
operation has ended at sufficient critical locations in the system to 
determine continued integrity and safe operation.

[[Page 159]]

    (3) Correcting variations from normal operation of pressure and flow 
equipment and controls.
    (4) Notifying responsible operator personnel when notice of an 
abnormal operation is received.
    (5) Periodically reviewing the response of operator personnel to 
determine the effectiveness of the procedures controlling abnormal 
operation and taking corrective action where deficiencies are found.
    (e) Emergencies. The manual required by paragraph (a) of this 
section must include procedures for the following to provide safety when 
an emergency condition occurs:
    (1) Receiving, identifying, and classifying notices of events which 
need immediate response by the operator or notice to fire, police, or 
other appropriate public officials and communicating this information to 
appropriate operator personnel for corrective action.
    (2) Prompt and effective response to a notice of each type 
emergency, including fire or explosion occurring near or directly 
involving a pipeline facility, accidental release of hazardous liquid or 
carbon dioxide from a pipeline facility, operational failure causing a 
hazardous condition, and natural disaster affecting pipeline facilities.
    (3) Having personnel, equipment, instruments, tools, and material 
available as needed at the scene of an emergency.
    (4) Taking necessary action, such as emergency shutdown or pressure 
reduction, to minimize the volume of hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide 
that is released from any section of a pipeline system in the event of a 
failure.
    (5) Control of released hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide at an 
accident scene to minimize the hazards, including possible intentional 
ignition in the cases of flammable highly volatile liquid.
    (6) Minimization of public exposure to injury and probability of 
accidental ignition by assisting with evacuation of residents and 
assisting with halting traffic on roads and railroads in the affected 
area, or taking other appropriate action.
    (7) Notifying fire, police, and other appropriate public officials 
of hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide pipeline emergencies and 
coordinating with them preplanned and actual responses during an 
emergency, including additional precautions necessary for an emergency 
involving a pipeline system transporting a highly volatile liquid.
    (8) In the case of failure of a pipeline system transporting a 
highly volatile liquid, use of appropriate instruments to assess the 
extent and coverage of the vapor cloud and determine the hazardous 
areas.
    (9) Providing for a post accident review of employee activities to 
determine whether the procedures were effective in each emergency and 
taking corrective action where deficiencies are found.
    (f) Safety-related condition reports. The manual required by 
paragraph (a) of this section must include instructions enabling 
personnel who perform operation and maintenance activities to recognize 
conditions that potentially may be safety-related conditions that are 
subject to the reporting requirements of Sec. 195.55.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982, 
as amended by Amdt. 195-24, 47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 195-39, 53 
FR 24951, July 1, 1988; Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26926, June 12, 1991; Amdt. 
195-46, 56 FR 31090, July 9, 1991; Amdt. 195-49, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, 
1994; Amdt. 195-55, 61 FR 18518, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 195.403  Training.

    (a) Each operator shall establish and conduct a continuing training 
program to instruct operating and maintenance personnel to:
    (1) Carry out the operating and maintenance, and emergency 
procedures established under Sec. 195.402 that relate to their 
assignments;
    (2) Know the characteristics and hazards of the hazardous liquids or 
carbon dioxide transported, including, in the case of flammable HVL, 
flammability of mixtures with air, odorless vapors, and water reactions;
    (3) Recognize conditions that are likely to cause emergencies, 
predict the consequences of facility malfunctions or failures and 
hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide spills, and to take appropriate 
corrective action;

[[Page 160]]

    (4) Take steps necessary to control any accidental release of 
hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide and to minimize the potential for 
fire, explosion, toxicity, or environmental damage;
    (5) Learn the proper use of firefighting procedures and equipment, 
fire suits, and breathing apparatus by utilizing, where feasible, a 
simulated pipeline emergency condition; and
    (6) In the case of maintenance personnel, to safely repair 
facilities using appropriate special precautions, such as isolation and 
purging, when highly volatile liquids are involved.
    (b) At intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once each 
calendar year, each operator shall:
    (1) Review with personnel their performance in meeting the 
objectives of the training program set forth in paragraph (a) of this 
section; and
    (2) Make appropriate changes to the training program as necessary to 
insure that it is effective.
    (c) Each operator shall require and verify that its supervisors 
maintain a thorough knowledge of that portion of the procedures 
established under Sec. 195.402 for which they are responsible to insure 
compliance.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982, 
as amended by Amdt. 195-24, 47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 195-45, 56 
FR 26926, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.404  Maps and records.

    (a) Each operator shall maintain current maps and records of its 
pipeline systems that include at least the following information:
    (1) Location and identification of the following pipeline 
facilities:
    (i) Breakout tanks;
    (ii) Pump stations;
    (iii) Scraper and sphere facilities;
    (iv) Pipeline valves;
    (v) Cathodically protected facilities;
    (vi) Facilities to which Sec. 195.402(c)(9) applies;
    (vii) Rights-of-way; and
    (viii) Safety devices to which Sec. 195.428 applies.
    (2) All crossings of public roads, railroads, rivers, buried 
utilities, and foreign pipelines.
    (3) The maximum operating pressure of each pipeline.
    (4) The diameter, grade, type, and nominal wall thickness of all 
pipe.
    (b) Each operator shall maintain for at least 3 years daily 
operating records that indicate--
    (1) The discharge pressure at each pump station; and
    (2) Any emergency or abnormal operation to which the procedures 
under Sec. 195.402 apply.
    (c) Each operator shall maintain the following records for the 
periods specified:
    (1) The date, location, and description of each repair made to pipe 
shall be maintained for the useful life of the pipe.
    (2) The date, location, and description of each repair made to parts 
of the pipeline system other than pipe shall be maintained for at least 
1 year.
    (3) A record of each inspection and test required by this subpart 
shall be maintained for at least 2 years or until the next inspection or 
test is performed, whichever is longer.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-34, 
50 FR 34474, Aug. 26, 1985]



Sec. 195.406  Maximum operating pressure.

    (a) Except for surge pressures and other variations from normal 
operations, no operator may operate a pipeline at a pressure that 
exceeds any of the following:
    (1) The internal design pressure of the pipe determined in 
accordance with Sec. 195.106. However, for steel pipe in pipelines being 
converted under Sec. 195.5, if one or more factors of the design formula 
(Sec. 195.106) are unknown, one of the following pressures is to be used 
as design pressure:
    (i) Eighty percent of the first test pressure that produces yield 
under section N5.0 of appendix N of ASME B31.8, reduced by the 
appropriate factors in Secs. 195.106 (a) and (e); or
    (ii) If the pipe is 323.8 mm (12\3/4\ in) or less outside diameter 
and is not tested to yield under this paragraph, 1379 kPa (200 psig).
    (2) The design pressure of any other component of the pipeline.
    (3) Eighty percent of the test pressure for any part of the pipeline 
which

[[Page 161]]

has been pressure tested under subpart E of this part.
    (4) Eighty percent of the factory test pressure or of the prototype 
test pressure for any individually installed component which is excepted 
from testing under Sec. 195.304.
    (5) For pipelines under Secs. 195.302(b)(1) and (b)(2)(i) that have 
not been pressure tested under subpart E of this part, 80 percent of the 
test pressure or highest operating pressure to which the pipeline was 
subjected for 4 or more continuous hours that can be demonstrated by 
recording charts or logs made at the time the test or operations were 
conducted.
    (b) No operator may permit the pressure in a pipeline during surges 
or other variations from normal operations to exceed 110 percent of the 
operating pressure limit established under paragraph (a) of this 
section. Each operator must provide adequate controls and protective 
equipment to control the pressure within this limit.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-33, 
50 FR 15899, Apr. 23, 1985; 50 FR 38660, Sept. 24, 1985; Amdt. 195-51, 
59 FR 29385, June 7, 1994; Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.408  Communications.

    (a) Each operator must have a communication system to provide for 
the transmission of information needed for the safe operation of its 
pipeline system.
    (b) The communication system required by paragraph (a) of this 
section must, as a minimum, include means for:
    (1) Monitoring operational data as required by Sec. 195.402(c)(9);
    (2) Receiving notices from operator personnel, the public, and 
public authorities of abnormal or emergency conditions and sending this 
information to appropriate personnel or government agencies for 
corrective action;
    (3) Conducting two-way vocal communication between a control center 
and the scene of abnormal operations and emergencies; and
    (4) Providing communication with fire, police, and other appropriate 
public officials during emergency conditions, including a natural 
disaster.



Sec. 195.410  Line markers.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
operator shall place and maintain line markers over each buried pipeline 
in accordance with the following:
    (1) Markers must be located at each public road crossing, at each 
railroad crossing, and in sufficient number along the remainder of each 
buried line so that its location is accurately known.
    (2) The marker must state at least the following on a background of 
sharply contrasting color:
    (i) The word ``Warning,'' ``Caution,'' or ``Danger'' followed by the 
words ``Petroleum (or the name of the hazardous liquid transported) 
Pipeline'', or ``Carbon Dioxide Pipeline,'' all of which, except for 
markers in heavily developed urban areas, must be in letters at least 
one inch high with an approximate stroke of one-quarter inch.
    (ii) The name of the operator and a telephone number (including area 
code) where the operator can be reached at all times.
    (b) Line markers are not required for buried pipelines located--
    (1) Offshore or at crossings of or under waterways and other bodies 
of water; or
    (2) In heavily developed urban areas such as downtown business 
centers where--
    (i) The placement of markers is impractical and would not serve the 
purpose for which markers are intended; and
    (ii) The local government maintains current substructure records.
    (c) Each operator shall provide line marking at locations where the 
line is above ground in areas that are accessible to the public.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-27, 
48 FR 25208, June 6, 1983; Amdt. 195-54, 60 FR 14650, Mar. 20, 1995]



Sec. 195.412  Inspection of rights-of-way and crossings under navigable waters.

    (a) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 3 weeks, but at 
least 26 times each calendar year, inspect the surface conditions on or 
adjacent to each pipeline right-of-way. Methods of

[[Page 162]]

inspection include walking, driving, flying or other appropriate means 
of traversing the right-of-way.
    (b) Except for offshore pipelines, each operator shall, at intervals 
not exceeding 5 years, inspect each crossing under a navigable waterway 
to determine the condition of the crossing.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-24, 
47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.413  Underwater inspection and reburial of pipelines in the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets.

    (a) Except for gathering lines of 114.3 mm (4\1/2\ in) nominal 
outside diameter or smaller, each operator shall, in accordance with 
this section, conduct an underwater inspection of its pipelines in the 
Gulf of Mexico and its inlets. The inspection must be conducted after 
October 3, 1989 and before November 16, 1992.
    (b) If, as a result of an inspection under paragraph (a) of this 
section, or upon notification by any person, an operator discovers that 
a pipeline it operates is exposed on the seabed or constitutes a hazard 
to navigation, the operator shall--
    (1) Promptly, but not later than 24 hours after discovery, notify 
the National Response Center, telephone: 1-800-424-8802 of the location, 
and, if available, the geographic coordinates of that pipeline;
    (2) Promptly, but not later than 7 days after discovery, mark the 
location of the pipeline in accordance with 33 CFR part 64 at the ends 
of the pipeline segment and at intervals of not over 500 yards long, 
except that a pipeline segment less than 200 yards long need only be 
marked at the center; and
    (3) Within 6 months after discovery, or not later than November 1 of 
the following year if the 6 month period is after November 1 of the year 
that the discovery is made, place the pipeline so that the top of the 
pipe is 36 inches below the seabed for normal excavation or 18 inches 
for rock excavation.

[Amdt. 195-47, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991, as amended by Amdt. 195-52, 59 
FR 33396, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.414  Cathodic protection.

    (a) No operator may operate a hazardous liquid interstate pipeline 
after March 31, 1973, a hazardous liquid intrastate pipeline after 
October 19, 1988, or a carbon dioxide pipeline after July 12, 1993 that 
has an effective external surface coating material, unless that pipeline 
is cathodically protected. This paragraph does not apply to breakout 
tank areas and buried pumping station piping. For the purposes of this 
subpart, a pipeline does not have an effective external coating, and 
shall be considered bare, if its cathodic protection current 
requirements are substantially the same as if it were bare.
    (b) Each operator shall electrically inspect each bare hazardous 
liquid interstate pipeline, other than a low-stress pipeline, before 
April 1, 1975; each bare hazardous liquid intrastate pipeline, other 
than a low-stress pipeline, before October 20, 1990; each bare carbon 
dioxide pipeline before July 12, 1994; and each bare low-stress pipeline 
before July 12, 1996 to determine any areas in which active corrosion is 
taking place. The operator may not increase its established operating 
pressure on a section of bare pipeline until the section has been so 
electrically inspected. In any areas where active corrosion is found, 
the operator shall provide cathodic protection. Section 195.416(f) and 
(g) apply to all corroded pipe that is found.
    (c) Each operator shall electrically inspect all breakout tank areas 
and buried pumping station piping on hazardous liquid interstate 
pipelines, other than low-stress pipelines, before April 1, 1973; on 
hazardous liquid intrastate pipelines, other than low-stress pipelines, 
before October 20, 1988; on carbon dioxide pipelines before July 12, 
1994; and on low-stress pipelines before July 12, 1996 as to the need 
for cathodic protection, and cathodic protection shall be provided where 
necessary.

[Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26926, June 12, 1991, as amended by Amdt. 195-53, 
59 FR 35471, July 12, 1994]



Sec. 195.416  External corrosion control.

    (a) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but 
at least once each calendar year, conduct tests

[[Page 163]]

on each buried, in contact with the ground, or submerged pipeline 
facility in its pipeline system that is under cathodic protection to 
determine whether the protection is adequate.
    (b) Each operator shall maintain the test leads required for 
cathodic protection in such a condition that electrical measurements can 
be obtained to ensure adequate protection.
    (c) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 2\1/2\ months, 
but at least six times each calendar year, inspect each of its cathodic 
protection rectifiers.
    (d) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 5 years, 
electrically inspect the bare pipe in its pipeline system that is not 
cathodically protected and must study leak records for that pipe to 
determine if additional protection is needed.
    (e) Whenever any buried pipe is exposed for any reason, the operator 
shall examine the pipe for evidence of external corrosion. If the 
operator finds that there is active corrosion, that the surface of the 
pipe is generally pitted, or that corrosion has caused a leak, it shall 
investigate further to determine the extent of the corrosion.
    (f) Any pipe that is found to be generally corroded so that the 
remaining wall thickness is less than the minimum thickness required by 
the pipe specification tolerances must either be replaced with coated 
pipe that meets the requirements of this part or, if the area is small, 
must be repaired. However, the operator need not replace generally 
corroded pipe if the operating pressure is reduced to be commensurate 
with the limits on operating pressure specified in this subpart, based 
on the actual remaining wall thickness.
    (g) If localized corrosion pitting is found to exist to a degree 
where leakage might result, the pipe must be replaced or repaired, or 
the operating pressure must be reduced commensurate with the strength of 
the pipe based on the actual remaining wall thickness in the pits.
    (h) The strength of the pipe, based on actual remaining wall 
thickness, for paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section may be determined 
by the procedure in ASME B31G manual for Determining the Remaining 
Strength of Corroded Pipelines or by the procedure developed by AGA/
Battelle--A Modified Criterion for Evaluating the Remaining Strength of 
Corroded Pipe (with RSTRENG disk). Application of the procedure in the 
ASME B31G manual or the AGA/Battelle Modified Criterion is applicable to 
corroded regions (not penetrating the pipe wall) in existing steel 
pipelines in accordance with limitations set out in the respective 
procedures.
    (i) Each operator shall clean, coat with material suitable for the 
prevention of atmospheric corrosion, and, maintain this protection for, 
each component in its pipeline system that is exposed to the atmosphere.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-24, 
47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. 195-31, 49 FR 36384, Sept. 17, 1984; 
Amdt. 195-52, 59 FR 33397, June 28, 1994]



Sec. 195.418  Internal corrosion control.

    (a) No operator may transport any hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide 
that would corrode the pipe or other components of its pipeline system, 
unless it has investigated the corrosive effect of the hazardous liquid 
or carbon dioxide on the system and has taken adequate steps to mitigate 
corrosion.
    (b) If corrosion inhibitors are used to mitigate internal corrosion 
the operator shall use inhibitors in sufficient quantity to protect the 
entire part of the system that the inhibitors are designed to protect 
and shall also use coupons or other monitoring equipment to determine 
their effectiveness.
    (c) The operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 7\1/2\ months, 
but at least twice each calendar year, examine coupons or other types of 
monitoring equipment to determine the effectiveness of the inhibitors or 
the extent of any corrosion.
    (d) Whenever any pipe is removed from the pipeline for any reason, 
the operator must inspect the internal surface for evidence of 
corrosion. If the pipe is generally corroded such that the remaining 
wall thickness is less than the minimum thickness required by the pipe 
specification tolerances, the operator shall investigate adjacent

[[Page 164]]

pipe to determine the extent of the corrosion. The corroded pipe must be 
replaced with pipe that meets the requirements of this part or, based on 
the actual remaining wall thickness, the operating pressure must be 
reduced to be commensurate with the limits on operating pressure 
specified in this subpart.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-20B, 
46 FR 38922, July 30, 1981; Amdt. 195-24, 47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982; 
Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26927, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.420  Valve maintenance.

    (a) Each operator shall maintain each valve that is necessary for 
the safe operation of its pipeline systems in good working order at all 
times.
    (b) Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 7\1/2\ months, 
but at least twice each calendar year, inspect each mainline valve to 
determine that it is functioning properly.
    (c) Each operator shall provide protection for each valve from 
unauthorized operation and from vandalism.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982, 
as amended by Amdt. 195-24, 47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 195.422  Pipeline repairs.

    (a) Each operator shall, in repairing its pipeline systems, insure 
that the repairs are made in a safe manner and are made so as to prevent 
damage to persons or property.
    (b) No operator may use any pipe, valve, or fitting, for replacement 
in repairing pipeline facilities, unless it is designed and constructed 
as required by this part.



Sec. 195.424  Pipe movement.

    (a) No operator may move any line pipe, unless the pressure in the 
line section involved is reduced to not more than 50 percent of the 
maximum operating pressure.
    (b) No operator may move any pipeline containing highly volatile 
liquids where materials in the line section involved are joined by 
welding unless--
    (1) Movement when the pipeline does not contain highly volatile 
liquids is impractical;
    (2) The procedures of the operator under Sec. 195.402 contain 
precautions to protect the public against the hazard in moving pipelines 
containing highly volatile liquids, including the use of warnings, where 
necessary, to evacuate the area close to the pipeline; and
    (3) The pressure in that line section is reduced to the lower of the 
following:
    (i) Fifty percent or less of the maximum operating pressure; or
    (ii) The lowest practical level that will maintain the highly 
volatile liquid in a liquid state with continuous flow, but not less 
than 50 p.s.i.g. above the vapor pressure of the commodity.
    (c) No operator may move any pipeline containing highly volatile 
liquids where materials in the line section involved are not joined by 
welding unless--
    (1) The operator complies with paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this 
section; and
    (2) That line section is isolated to prevent the flow of highly 
volatile liquid.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 46 FR 38922, July 30, 1981]



Sec. 195.426  Scraper and sphere facilities.

    No operator may use a launcher or receiver that is not equipped with 
a relief device capable of safely relieving pressure in the barrel 
before insertion or removal of scrapers or spheres. The operator must 
use a suitable device to indicate that pressure has been relieved in the 
barrel or must provide a means to prevent insertion or removal of 
scrapers or spheres if pressure has not been relieved in the barrel.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981; 47 FR 32721, July 29, 1982]



Sec. 195.428  Overpressure safety devices.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at least once 
each calendar year, or in the case of pipelines used to carry highly 
volatile liquids, at intervals not to exceed 7\1/2\ months, but at least 
twice each calendar year, inspect and test each pressure limiting 
device, relief valve, pressure regulator, or other item of pressure 
control equipment to determine that it is functioning properly, is in 
good mechanical condition, and is

[[Page 165]]

adequate from the standpoint of capacity and reliability of operation 
for the service in which it is used.
    (b) In the case of relief valves on pressure breakout tanks 
containing highly volatile liquids, each operator shall test each valve 
at intervals not exceeding 5 years.

[Amdt. 195-22, 46 FR 38360, July 27, 1981, as amended by Amdt. 195-24, 
47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 195.430   Firefighting equipment.

    Each operator shall maintain adequate firefighting equipment at each 
pump station and breakout tank area. The equipment must be--
    (a) In proper operating condition at all times;
    (b) Plainly marked so that its identity as firefighting equipment is 
clear; and
    (c) Located so that it is easily accessible during a fire.



Sec. 195.432  Breakout tanks.

    Each operator shall, at intervals not exceeding 15 months, but at 
least once each calendar year, inspect each breakout tank (including 
atmospheric and pressure tanks).

[Amdt. 195-24, 47 FR 46852, Oct. 21, 1982]



Sec. 195.434  Signs.

    Each operator shall maintain signs visible to the public around each 
pumping station and breakout tank area. Each sign must contain the name 
of the operator and an emergency telephone number to contact.



Sec. 195.436  Security of facilities.

    Each operator shall provide protection for each pumping station and 
breakout tank area and other exposed facility (such as scraper traps) 
from vandalism and unauthorized entry.



Sec. 195.438  Smoking or open flames.

    Each operator shall prohibit smoking and open flames in each pump 
station area and each breakout tank area where there is a possibility of 
the leakage of a flammable hazardous liquid or of the presence of 
flammable vapors.



Sec. 195.440  Public education.

    Each operator shall establish a continuing educational program to 
enable the public, appropriate government organizations and persons 
engaged in excavation-related activities to recognize a hazardous liquid 
or a carbon dioxide pipeline emergency and to report it to the operator 
or the fire, police, or other appropriate public officials. The program 
must be conducted in English and in other languages commonly understood 
by a significant number and concentration of non-English speaking 
population in the operator's operating areas.

[Amdt. 195-45, 56 FR 26927, June 12, 1991]



Sec. 195.442  Damage prevention program.

    (a) After September 20, 1995, and except for pipelines listed in 
paragraph (c) of this section, each operator of a buried pipeline shall 
carry out in accordance with this section a written program to prevent 
damage to that pipeline by excavation activities. For the purpose of 
this section, ``excavation activities'' include excavation, blasting, 
boring, tunneling, backfilling, the removal of above ground structures 
by either explosive or mechanical means, and other earth moving 
operations. An operator may comply with any of the requirements of 
paragraph (b) of this section through participation in a public service 
program, such as a one-call system, but such participation does not 
relieve the operator of responsibility for compliance with this section.
    (b) The damage prevention program required by paragraph (a) of this 
section must, at a minimum:
    (1) Include the identity, on a current basis, of persons who 
normally engage in excavation activities in the area in which the 
pipeline is located.
    (2) Provide for notification of the public in the vicinity of the 
pipeline and actual notification of the persons identified in paragraph 
(b)(1) of this section of the following, as often as needed to make them 
aware of the damage prevention program:
    (i) The program's existence and purpose; and

[[Page 166]]

    (ii) How to learn the location of underground pipelines before 
excavation activities are begun.
    (3) Provide a means of receiving and recording notification of 
planned excavation activities.
    (4) If the operator has buried pipelines in the area of excavation 
activity, provide for actual notification of persons who give notice of 
their intent to excavate of the type of temporary marking to be provided 
and how to identify the markings.
    (5) Provide for temporary marking of buried pipelines in the area of 
excavation activity before, as far as practical, the activity begins.
    (6) Provide as follows for inspection of pipelines that an operator 
has reason to believe could be damaged by excavation activities:
    (i) The inspection must be done as frequently as necessary during 
and after the activities to verify the integrity of the pipeline; and
    (ii) In the case of blasting, any inspection must include leakage 
surveys.
    (c) A damage prevention program under this section is not required 
for the following pipelines:
    (1) Pipelines located offshore.
    (2) Pipelines to which access is physically controlled by the 
operator.

[Amdt. 195-54, 60 FR 14651, Mar. 20, 1995]

     Appendix A to Part 195--Delineation Between Federal and State 
       Jurisdiction--Statement of Agency Policy and Interpretation

    In 1979, Congress enacted comprehensive safety legislation governing 
the transportation of hazardous liquids by pipeline, the Hazardous 
Liquids Pipeline Safety Act of 1979, 49 U.S.C. 2001 et seq. (HLPSA). The 
HLPSA expanded the existing statutory authority for safety regulation, 
which was limited to transportation by common carriers in interstate and 
foreign commerce, to transportation through facilities used in or 
affecting interstate or foreign commerce. It also added civil penalty, 
compliance order, and injunctive enforcement authorities to the existing 
criminal sanctions. Modeled largely on the Natural Gas Pipeline Safety 
Act of 1968, 49 U.S.C. 1671 et seq. (NGPSA), the HLPSA provides for a 
national hazardous liquid pipeline safety program with nationally 
uniform minimal standards and with enforcement administered through a 
Federal-State partnership. The HLPSA leaves to exclusive Federal 
regulation and enforcement the ``interstate pipeline facilities,'' those 
used for the pipeline transportation of hazardous liquids in interstate 
or foreign commerce. For the remainder of the pipeline facilities, 
denominated ``intrastate pipeline facilities,'' the HLPSA provides that 
the same Federal regulation and enforcement will apply unless a State 
certifies that it will assume those responsibilities. A certified State 
must adopt the same minimal standards but may adopt additional more 
stringent standards so long as they are compatible. Therefore, in States 
which participate in the hazardous liquid pipeline safety program 
through certification, it is necessary to distinguish the interstate 
from the intrastate pipeline facilities.
    In deciding that an administratively practical approach was 
necessary in distinguishing between interstate and intrastate liquid 
pipeline facilities and in determining how best to accomplish this, DOT 
has logically examined the approach used in the NGPSA. The NGPSA defines 
the interstate gas pipeline facilities subject to exclusive Federal 
jurisdiction as those subject to the economic regulatory jurisdiction of 
the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). Experience has proven 
this approach practical. Unlike the NGPSA however, the HLPSA has no 
specific reference to FERC jurisdiction, but instead defines interstate 
liquid pipeline facilities by the more commonly used means of specifying 
the end points of the transportation involved. For example, the economic 
regulatory jurisdiction of FERC over the transportation of both gas and 
liquids by pipeline is defined in much the same way. In implementing the 
HLPSA DOT has sought a practicable means of distinguishing between 
interstate and intrastate pipeline facilities that provide the requisite 
degree of certainty to Federal and State enforcement personnel and to 
the regulated entities. DOT intends that this statement of agency policy 
and interpretation provide that certainty.
    In 1981, DOT decided that the inventory of liquid pipeline 
facilities identified as subject to the jurisdiction of FERC 
approximates the HLPSA category of ``interstate pipeline facilities.'' 
Administrative use of the FERC inventory has the added benefit of 
avoiding the creation of a separate Federal scheme for determination of 
jurisdiction over the same regulated entities. DOT recognizes that the 
FERC inventory is only an approximation and may not be totally 
satisfactory without some modification. The difficulties stem from some 
significant differences in the economic regulation of liquid and of 
natural gas pipelines. There is an affirmative assertion of jurisdiction 
by FERC over natural gas pipelines through the issuance of certificates 
of public convenience and necessity prior to commencing operations. With 
liquid pipelines, there is only a rebuttable presumption

[[Page 167]]

of jurisdiction created by the filing by pipeline operators of tariffs 
(or concurrences) for movement of liquids through existing facilities. 
Although FERC does police the filings for such matters as compliance 
with the general duties of common carriers, the question of jurisdiction 
is normally only aired upon complaint. While any person, including State 
or Federal agencies, can avail themselves of the FERC forum by use of 
the complaint process, that process has only been rarely used to review 
jurisdictional matters (probably because of the infrequency of real 
disputes on the issue). Where the issue has arisen, the reviewing body 
has noted the need to examine various criteria primarily of an economic 
nature. DOT believes that, in most cases, the formal FERC forum can 
better receive and evaluate the type of information that is needed to 
make decisions of this nature than can DOT.
    In delineating which liquid pipeline facilities are interstate 
pipeline facilities within the meaning of the HLPSA, DOT will generally 
rely on the FERC filings; that is, if there is a tariff or concurrence 
filed with FERC governing the transportation of hazardous liquids over a 
pipeline facility or if there has been an exemption from the obligation 
to file tariffs obtained from FERC, then DOT will, as a general rule, 
consider the facility to be an interstate pipeline facility within the 
meaning of the HLPSA. The types of situations in which DOT will ignore 
the existence or non-existence of a filing with FERC will be limited to 
those cases in which it appears obvious that a complaint filed with FERC 
would be successful or in which blind reliance on a FERC filing would 
result in a situation clearly not intended by the HLPSA such as a 
pipeline facility not being subject to either State or Federal safety 
regulation. DOT anticipates that the situations in which there is any 
question about the validity of the FERC filings as a ready reference 
will be few and that the actual variations from reliance on those 
filings will be rare. The following examples indicate the types of 
facilities which DOT believes are interstate pipeline facilities subject 
to the HLPSA despite the lack of a filing with FERC and the types of 
facilities over which DOT will generally defer to the jurisdiction of a 
certifying state despite the existence of a filing with FERC.
    Example 1.  Pipeline company P operates a pipeline from ``Point A'' 
located in State X to ``Point B'' (also in X). The physical facilities 
never cross a state line and do not connect with any other pipeline 
which does cross a state line. Pipeline company P also operates another 
pipeline between ``Point C'' in State X and ``Point D'' in an adjoining 
State Y. Pipeline company P files a tariff with FERC for transportation 
from ``Point A'' to ``Point B'' as well as for transportation from 
``Point C'' to ``Point D.'' DOT will ignore filing for the line from 
``Point A'' to ``Point B'' and consider the line to be intrastate.
    Example 2. Same as in example 1 except that P does not file any 
tariffs with FERC. DOT will assume jurisdiction of the line between 
``Point C'' and ``Point D.''
    Example 3. Same as in example 1 except that P files its tariff for 
the line between ``Point C'' and ``Point D'' not only with FERC but also 
with State X. DOT will rely on the FERC filing as indication of 
interstate commerce.
    Example 4. Same as in example 1 except that the pipeline from 
``Point A'' to ``Point B'' (in State X) connects with a pipeline 
operated by another company transports liquid between ``Point B'' (in 
State X) and ``Point D'' (in State Y). DOT will rely on the FERC filing 
as indication of interstate commerce.
    Example 5. Same as in example 1 except that the line between ``Point 
C'' and ``Point D'' has a lateral line connected to it. The lateral is 
located entirely with State X. DOT will rely on the existence or non-
existence of a FERC filing covering transportation over that lateral as 
determinative of interstate commerce.
    Example 6. Same as in example 1 except that the certified agency in 
State X has brought an enforcement action (under the pipeline safety 
laws) against P because of its operation of the line between ``Point A'' 
and ``Point B''. P has successfully defended against the action on 
jurisdictional grounds. DOT will assume jurisdiction if necessary to 
avoid the anomaly of a pipeline subject to neither State or Federal 
safety enforcement. DOT's assertion of jurisdiction in such a case would 
be based on the gap in the state's enforcement authority rather than a 
DOT decision that the pipeline is an interstate pipeline facility.
    Example 7. Pipeline Company P operates a pipeline that originates on 
the Outer Continental Shelf. P does not file any tariff for that line 
with FERC. DOT will consider the pipeline to be an interstate pipeline 
facility.
    Example 8. Pipeline Company P is constructing a pipeline from 
``Point C'' (in State X) to ``Point D'' (in State Y). DOT will consider 
the pipeline to be an interstate pipeline facility.
    Example 9. Pipeline company P is constructing a pipeline from 
``Point C'' to ``Point E'' (both in State X) but intends to file tariffs 
with FERC in the transportation of hazardous liquid in interstate 
commerce. Assuming there is some connection to an interstate pipeline 
facility, DOT will consider this line to be an interstate pipeline 
facility.
    Example 10. Pipeline Company P has operated a pipeline subject to 
FERC economic regulation. Solely because of some statutory economic 
deregulation, that pipeline is no

[[Page 168]]

longer regulated by FERC. DOT will continue to consider that pipeline to 
be an interstate pipeline facility.
    As seen from the examples, the types of situations in which DOT will 
not defer to the FERC regulatory scheme are generally clear-cut cases. 
For the remainder of the situations where variation from the FERC scheme 
would require DOT to replicate the forum already provided by FERC and to 
consider economic factors better left to that agency, DOT will decline 
to vary its reliance on the FERC filings unless, of course, not doing so 
would result in situations clearly not intended by the HLPSA.

[Amdt. 195-33, 50 FR 15899, Apr. 23, 1985]



PARTS 196-197--[RESERVED]






PART 198--REGULATIONS FOR GRANTS TO AID STATE PIPELINE SAFETY PROGRAMS--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
198.1  Scope.
198.3  Definitions.

                       Subpart B--Grant Allocation

198.11  Grant authority.
198.13  Grant allocation formula.

        Subpart C--Adoption of One-Call Damage Prevention Program

198.31  Scope.
198.33  [Reserved]
198.35  Grants conditioned on adoption of one-call damage prevention 
          program.
198.37  State one-call damage prevention program.
198.39  Qualifications for operation of one-call notification system.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 60105, 60106, 60114; and 49 CFR 1.53.

    Source: 55 FR 38691, Sept. 20, 1990, unless otherwise noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 198.1   Scope.

    This part prescribes regulations governing grants-in-aid for State 
pipeline safety compliance programs.



Sec. 198.3   Definitions.

    As used in this part:
    Adopt means establish under State law by statute, regulation, 
license, certification, order, or any combination of these legal means.
    Excavation activity means an excavation activity defined in 
Sec. 192.614(a) of this chapter, other than a specific activity the 
State determines would not be expected to cause physical damage to 
underground facilities.
    Excavator  means any person intending to engage in an excavation 
activity.
    One-call notification system means a communication system that 
qualifies under this part and the one-call damage prevention program of 
the State concerned in which an operational center receives notices from 
excavators of intended excavation activities and transmits the notices 
to operators of underground pipeline facilities and other underground 
facilities that participate in the system.
    Person means any individual, firm, joint venture, partnership, 
corporation, association, state, municipality, cooperative association, 
or joint stock association, and including any trustee, receiver, 
assignee, or personal representative thereof.
    Underground pipeline facilities means buried pipeline facilities 
used in the transportation of gas or hazardous liquid subject to the 
pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.).
    Secretary means the Secretary of Transportation or any person to 
whom the Secretary of Transportation has delegated authority in the 
matter concerned.
    Seeking to adopt means actively and effectively proceeding toward 
adoption.
    State means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, 
and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

[55 FR 38691, Sept. 20, 1990, as amended by Amdt. 198-2, 61 FR 18518, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



                       Subpart B--Grant Allocation

    Source: Amdt. 198-1, 58 FR 10988, Feb. 23, 1993, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 198.11  Grant authority.

    The pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.) authorize the 
Administrator to pay out funds appropriated or

[[Page 169]]

otherwise make available up to 50 percent of the cost of the personnel, 
equipment, and activities reasonably required for each state agency to 
carry out a safety program for intrastate pipeline facilities under a 
certification or agreement with the Administrator or to act as an agent 
of the Administrator with respect to interstate pipeline facilities.

[Amdt. 198-2, 61 FR 18518, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 198.13  Grant allocation formula.

    (a) Beginning in calendar year 1993, the Administrator places 
increasing emphasis on program performance in allocating state agency 
funds under Sec. 198.11. The maximum percent of each state agency 
allocation that is based on performance follows: 1993--75 percent; 1994 
and subsequent years--100 percent.
    (b) A state's annual grant allocation is based on maximum of 100 
performance points derived as follows:
    (1) Fifty points based on information provided in the state's annual 
certification/agreement attachments which document its activities for 
the past year; and
    (2) Fifty points based on the annual state program evaluation.
    (c) The Administrator assigns weights to various performance factors 
reflecting program compliance, safety priorities, and national concerns 
identified by the Administrator and communicated to each State agency. 
At a minimum, the Administrator considers the following performance 
factors in allocating funds:
    (1) Adequacy of state operating practices;
    (2) Quality of state inspections, investigations, and enforcement/
compliance actions;
    (3) Adequacy of state recordkeeping;
    (4) Extent of state safety regulatory jurisdiction over pipeline 
facilities;
    (5) Qualifications of state inspectors;
    (6) Number of state inspection person-days;
    (7) State adoption of applicable federal pipeline safety standards; 
and
    (8) Any other factor the Administrator deems necessary to measure 
performance.
    (d) Notwithstanding these performance factors, the Administrator 
may, in 1993 and subsequent years, continue funding any state at the 
1991 level, provided its request is at the 1991 level or higher and 
appropriated funds are at the 1991 level or higher.
    (e) The Administrator notifies each state agency in writing of the 
specific performance factors to be used and the weights to be assigned 
to each factor at least 9 months prior to allocating funds. Prior to 
notification, RSPA seeks state agency comments on any proposed changes 
to the allocation formula.
    (f) Grants are limited to the appropriated funds available. If total 
state agency requests for grants exceed the funds available, the 
Administrator prorates each state agency's allocation.



        Subpart C--Adoption of One-Call Damage Prevention Program



Sec. 198.31  Scope.

    This subpart implements parts of the pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 
60101 et seq.), which direct the Secretary to require each State to 
adopt a one-call damage prevention program as a condition to receiving a 
full grant-in-aid for its pipeline safety compliance program.

[Amdt. 198-2, 61 FR 18518, Apr. 26, 1996]
Sec. 198.33  [Reserved]



Sec. 198.35   Grants conditioned on adoption of one-call damage prevention program.

    In allocating grants to State agencies under the pipeline safety 
laws, (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.), the Secretary considers whether a State 
has adopted or is seeking to adopt a one-call damage prevention program 
in accordance with Sec. 198.37. If a State has not adopted or is not 
seeking to adopt such program, the State agency may not receive the full 
reimbursement to which it would otherwise be entitled.

[Amdt. 198-2, 61 FR 38403, July 24, 1996]



Sec. 198.37  State one-call damage prevention program.

    A State must adopt a one-call damage prevention program that 
requires each of the following at a minimum:
    (a) Each area of the State that contains underground pipeline 
facilities

[[Page 170]]

must be covered by a one-call notification system.
    (b) Each one-call notification system must be operated in accordance 
with Sec. 198.39.
    (c) Excavators must be required to notify the operational center of 
the one-call notification system that covers the area of each intended 
excavation activity and provide the following information:
    (1) Name of the person notifying the system.
    (2) Name, address and telephone number of the excavator.
    (3) Specific location, starting date, and description of the 
intended excavation activity.

However, an excavator must be allowed to begin an excavation activity in 
an emergency but, in doing so, required to notify the operational center 
at the earliest practicable moment.
    (d) The State must determine whether telephonic and other 
communications to the operational center of a one-call notification 
system under paragraph (c) of this section are to be toll free or not.
    (e) Except with respect to interstate transmission facilities as 
defined in the pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.), operators 
of underground pipeline facilities must be required to participate in 
the one-call notification systems that cover the areas of the State in 
which those pipeline facilities are located.
    (f) Operators of underground pipeline facilities participating in 
the one-call notification systems must be required to respond in the 
manner prescribed by Sec. 192.614 (b)(4) through (b)(6) of this chapter 
to notices of intended excavation activity received from the operational 
center of a one-call notification system.
    (g) Persons who operate one-call notification systems or operators 
of underground pipeline facilities participating or required to 
participate in the one-call notification systems must be required to 
notify the public and known excavators in the manner prescribed by 
Sec. 192.614 (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this chapter of the availability and 
use of one-call notification systems to locate underground pipeline 
facilities. However, this paragraph does not apply to persons (including 
operator's master meters) whose primary activity does not include the 
production, transportation or marketing of gas or hazardous liquids.
    (h) Operators of underground pipeline facilities (other than 
operators of interstate transmission facilities as defined in the 
pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.), and interstate pipelines 
as defined in Sec. 195.2 of this chapter), excavators and persons who 
operate one-call notification systems who violate the applicable 
requirements of this subpart must be subject to civil penalties and 
injunctive relief that are substantially the same as are provided under 
the pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.).

[55 FR 38691, Sept. 20, 1990, as amended by Amdt. 198-2, 61 FR 18518, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 198.39  Qualifications for operation of one-call notification system.

    A one-call notification system qualifies to operate under this 
subpart if it complies with the following:
    (a) It is operated by one or more of the following:
    (1) A person who operates underground pipeline facilities or other 
underground facilities.
    (2) A private contractor.
    (3) A State or local government agency.
    (4) A person who is otherwise eligible under State law to operate a 
one-call notification system.
    (b) It receives and records information from excavators about 
intended excavation activities.
    (c) It promptly transmits to the appropriate operators of 
underground pipeline facilities the information received from excavators 
about intended excavation activities.
    (d) It maintains a record of each notice of intent to engage in an 
excavation activity for the minimum time set by the State or, in the 
absence of such time, for the time specified in the applicable State 
statute of limitations on tort actions.
    (e) It tells persons giving notice of an intent to engage in an 
excavation activity the names of participating operators of underground 
pipeline facilities to whom the notice will be transmitted.

[[Page 171]]



PART 199--DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING--Table of Contents




                                Subpart A

Sec.
199.1  Scope and compliance.
199.3  Definitions.
199.5  DOT procedures.
199.7  Anti-drug plan.
199.9  Use of persons who fail or refuse a drug test.
199.11  Drug tests required.
199.13  Drug testing laboratory.
199.15  Review of drug testing results.
199.17  Retention of sample and retesting.
199.19  Employee assistance program.
199.21  Contractor employees.
199.23  Recordkeeping.
199.25  Reporting of anti-drug testing results.

              Subpart B--Alcohol Misuse Prevention Program

199.200  Purpose.
199.201  Applicability.
199.202  Alcohol misuse plan.
199.203  Alcohol testing procedures.
199.205  Definitions.
199.207  Preemption of State and local laws.
199.209  Other requirements imposed by operators.
199.211  Requirement for notice.
199.213  Starting date for alcohol testing programs.
199.215  Alcohol concentration.
199.217  On-duty use.
199.219  Pre-duty use.
199.221  Use following an accident.
199.223  Refusal to submit to a required alcohol test.
199.225  Alcohol tests required.
199.227  Retention of records.
199.229  Reporting of alcohol testing results.
199.231  Access to facilities and records.
199.233  Removal from covered function.
199.235  Required evaluation and testing.
199.237  Other alcohol-related conduct.
199.239  Operator obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of 
          alcohol.
199.241  Training for supervisors.
199.243  Referral, evaluation, and treatment.
199.245  Contractor employees.

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5103, 60102, 60103, 60104, 60108, 60109, 60118; 
and 49 CFR 1.53.

    Source: 53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, unless otherwise noted.



                                Subpart A



Sec. 199.1  Scope and compliance.

    (a) This part requires operators of pipeline facilities subject to 
part 192, 193, or 195 of this chapter to test employees for the presence 
of prohibited drugs and provide an employee assistance program. However, 
this subpart does not apply to operators of ``master meter systems'' as 
defined in Sec. 191.3 of this chapter or to liquefied petroleum gas 
(LPG) operators.
    (b) Operators with more than 50 employees subject to drug testing 
under this part need not comply with this part until April 20, 1990. 
Operators with 50 or fewer employees subject to drug testing under this 
part need not comply with this part until August 21, 1990.
    (c) This part shall not apply to any person for whom compliance with 
this part would violate the domestic laws or policies of another 
country.
    (d) This part is not effective until January 2, 1995, with respect 
to any employee located outside the territory of the United States.

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, as amended by Amdt. 199-1, 54 FR 14923, 
Apr. 13, 1989; Amdt. No. 7, 57 FR 31280, July 14, 1992; 58 FR 68260, 
Dec. 23, 1993]



Sec. 199.3  Definitions.

    As used in this part--
    Accident means an incident reportable under part 191 of this chapter 
involving gas pipeline facilities or LNG facilities, or an accident 
reportable under part 195 of this chapter involving hazardous liquid 
pipeline facilities.
    Administrator means the Administrator of the Research and Special 
Programs Administration or any person to whom authority in the matter 
concerned has been delegated by the Secretary of Transportation.
    DOT Procedures means the Procedures for Transportation Workplace 
Drug Testing Programs published by the Office of the Secretary of 
Transportation in part 40 of this title.
    Employee means a person who performs on a pipeline or LNG facility 
an operating, maintenance, or emergency-response function regulated by 
part 192, 193, or 195 of this chapter. This does not include clerical, 
truck driving, accounting, or other functions not subject to part 192, 
193, or 195. The person may be employed by the operator, be a contractor 
engaged by the operator, or be employed by such a contractor.

[[Page 172]]

    Fail a drug test means that the confirmation test result shows 
positive evidence of the presence under DOT Procedures of a prohibited 
drug in an employee's system.
    Operator means a person who owns or operates pipeline facilities 
subject to part 192, 193, or 195 of this chapter.
    Pass a drug test means that initial testing or confirmation testing 
under DOT Procedures does not show evidence of the presence of a 
prohibited drug in a person's system.
    Positive rate means the number of positive results for random drug 
tests conducted under this subpart plus the number of refusals of random 
tests required by this subpart, divided by the total number of random 
drug tests conducted under this subpart plus the number of refusals of 
random tests required by this subpart.
    Prohibited drug means any of the following substances specified in 
Schedule I or Schedule II of the Controlled Substances Act, 21 U.S.C. 
801.812 (1981 & 1987 Cum.P.P.): marijuana, cocaine, opiates, 
amphetamines, and phencyclidine (PCP). In addition, for the purposes of 
reasonable cause testing, ``prohibited drug'' includes any substance in 
Schedule I or II if an operator has obtained prior approval from RSPA, 
pursuant to the ``DOT Procedures'' in 49 CFR part 40, to test for such 
substance, and if the Department of Health and Human Services has 
established an approved testing protocol and positive threshold for such 
substance.
    Refuse to submit means that a covered employee fails to provide a 
urine sample as required by 49 CFR Part 40, without a genuine inability 
to provide a specimen (as determined by a medical evaluation), after he 
or she has received notice of the requirement to be tested in accordance 
with the provisions of this subpart, or engages in conduct that clearly 
obstructs the testing process.
    State agency means an agency of any of the several states, the 
District of Columbia, or Puerto Rico that participates under the 
pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.)

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, as amended by Amdt. 199-2, 54 FR 51850, 
Dec. 18, 1989; 59 FR 62227, Dec. 2, 1994; Amdt. 199-13, 61 FR 18518, 
Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 199.5  DOT procedures.

    The anti-drug program required by this part must be conducted 
according to the requirements of this part and the DOT Procedures. In 
the event of conflict, the provisions of this part prevail. Terms and 
concepts used in this part have the same meaning as in the DOT 
Procedures.



Sec. 199.7  Anti-drug plan.

    (a) Each operator shall maintain and follow a written anti-drug plan 
that conforms to the requirements of this part and the DOT Procedures. 
The plan must contain--
    (1) Methods and procedures for compliance with all the requirements 
of this part, including the employee assistance program;
    (2) The name and address of each laboratory that analyzes the 
specimens collected for drug testing;
    (3) The name and address of the operator's medical review officer; 
and
    (4) Procedures for notifying employees of the coverage and 
provisions of the plan.
    (b) The Administrator or the State Agency that has submitted a 
current certification under the pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et 
seq.) with respect to the pipeline facility governed by an operator's 
plans and procedures may, after notice and opportunity for hearing as 
provided in 49 CFR 190.237 or the relevant State procedures, require the 
operator to amend its plans and procedures as necessary to provide a 
reasonable level of safety.

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, as amended by Amdt. 199-2, 54 FR 51850, 
Dec. 18, 1989; Amdt. 199-4, 56 FR 31091, July 9, 1991; 56 FR 41077, Aug. 
19, 1991; Amdt. 199-13, 61 FR 18518, Apr. 26, 1996]



Sec. 199.9  Use of persons who fail or refuse a drug test.

    (a) An operator may not knowingly use as an employee any person 
who--

[[Page 173]]

    (1) Fails a drug test required by this part and the medical review 
officer makes a determination under Sec. 199.15(d)(2); or
    (2) Refuses to take a drug test required by this part.
    (b) Paragraph (a)(1) of this section does not apply to a person who 
has--
    (1) Passed a drug test under DOT Procedures;
    (2) Been recommended by the medical review officer for return to 
duty in accordance with Sec. 199.15(c); and
    (3) Not failed a drug test required by this part after returning to 
duty.

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, as amended by Amdt. 199-2, 54 FR 51850, 
Dec. 18, 1989]



Sec. 199.11  Drug tests required.

    Each operator shall conduct the following drug tests for the 
presence of a prohibited drug:
    (a) Pre-employment testing. No operator may hire or contract for the 
use of any person as an employee unless that person passes a drug test 
or is covered by an anti-drug program that conforms to the requirements 
of this part.
    (b) Post-accident testing. As soon as possible but no later than 32 
hours after an accident, an operator shall drug test each employee whose 
performance either contributed to the accident or cannot be completely 
discounted as a contributing factor to the accident. If an employee is 
injured, unconscious, or otherwise unable to evidence consent to the 
drug test, all reasonable steps must be taken to obtain a urine sample. 
An operator may decide not to test under this paragraph but such a 
decision must be based on the best information available immediately 
after the accident that the employee's performance could not have 
contributed to the accident or that, because of the time between that 
performance and the accident, it is not likely that a drug test would 
reveal whether the performance was affected by drug use.
    (c) Random testing. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(2) 
through (4) of this section, the minimum annual percentage rate for 
random drug testing shall be 50 percent of covered employees.
    (2) The Administrator's decision to increase or decrease the minimum 
annual percentage rate for random drug testing is based on the reported 
positive rate for the entire industry. All information used for this 
determination is drawn from the drug MIS reports required by this 
subpart. In order to ensure reliability of the data, the Administrator 
considers the quality and completeness of the reported data, may obtain 
additional information or reports from operators, and may make 
appropriate modifications in calculating the industry positive rate. 
Each year, the Administrator will publish in the Federal Register the 
minimum annual percentage rate for random drug testing of covered 
employees. The new minimum annual percentage rate for random drug 
testing will be applicable starting January 1 of the calendar year 
following publication.
    (3) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random drug testing 
is 50 percent, the Administrator may lower this rate to 25 percent of 
all covered employees if the Administrator determines that the data 
received under the reporting requirements of Sec. 199.25 for two 
consecutive calendar years indicate that the reported positive rate is 
less than 1.0 percent.
    (4) When the minimum annual percentage rate for random drug testing 
is 25 percent, and the data received under the reporting requirements of 
Sec. 199.25 for any calendar year indicate that the reported positive 
rate is equal to or greater than 1.0 percent, the Administrator will 
increase the minimum annual percentage rate for random drug testing to 
50 percent of all covered employees.
    (5) The selection of employees for random drug testing shall be made 
by a scientifically valid method, such as a random number table or a 
computer-based random number generator that is matched with employees' 
Social Security numbers, payroll identification numbers, or other 
comparable identifying numbers. Under the selection process used, each 
covered employee shall have an equal chance of being tested each time 
selections are made.
    (6) The operator shall randomly select a sufficient number of 
covered employees for testing during each calendar year to equal an 
annual rate not

[[Page 174]]

less than the minimum annual percentage rate for random drug testing 
determined by the Administrator. If the operator conducts random drug 
testing through a consortium, the number of employees to be tested may 
be calculated for each individual operator or may be based on the total 
number of covered employees covered by the consortium who are subject to 
random drug testing at the same minimum annual percentage rate under 
this subpart or any DOT drug testing rule.
    (7) Each operator shall ensure that random drug tests conducted 
under this subpart are unannounced and that the dates for administering 
random tests are spread reasonably throughout the calendar year.
    (8) If a given covered employee is subject to random drug testing 
under the drug testing rules of more than one DOT agency for the same 
operator, the employee shall be subject to random drug testing at the 
percentage rate established for the calendar year by the DOT agency 
regulating more than 50 percent of the employee's function.
    (9) If an operator is required to conduct random drug testing under 
the drug testing rules of more than one DOT agency, the operator may--
    (i) Establish separate pools for random selection, with each pool 
containing the covered employees who are subject to testing at the same 
required rate; or
    (ii) Randomly select such employees for testing at the highest 
percentage rate established for the calendar year by any DOT agency to 
which the operator is subject.
    (d) Testing based on reasonable cause. Each operator shall drug test 
each employee when there is reasonable cause to believe the employee is 
using a prohibited drug. The decision to test must be based on a 
reasonable and articulable belief that the employee is using a 
prohibited drug on the basis of specific, contemporaneous physical, 
behavioral, or performance indicators of probable drug use. At least two 
of the employee's supervisors, one of whom is trained in detection of 
the possible symptoms of drug use, shall substantiate and concur in the 
decision to test an employee. The concurrence between the two 
supervisors may be by telephone. However, in the case of operators with 
50 or fewer employees subject to testing under this part, only one 
supervisor of the employee trained in detecting possible drug use 
symptoms shall substantiate the decision to test.
    (e) Return to duty testing. An employee who refuses to take or does 
not pass a drug test may not return to duty until the employee passes a 
drug test administered under this part and the medical review officer 
has determined that the employee may return to duty. An employee who 
returns to duty shall be subject to a reasonable program of follow-up 
drug testing without prior notice for not more than 60 months after his 
or her return to duty.

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, as amended by Amdt. 199-2, 54 FR 51850, 
Dec. 18, 1989; 59 FR 62227, Dec. 2, 1994]



Sec. 199.13  Drug testing laboratory.

    (a) Each operator shall use for the drug testing required by this 
part only drug testing laboratories certified by the Department of 
Health and Human Services under the DOT Procedures.
    (b) The drug testing laboratory must permit--
    (1) Inspections by the operator before the laboratory is awarded a 
testing contract; and
    (2) Unannounced inspections, including examination of records, at 
any time, by the operator, the Administrator, and if the operator is 
subject to state agency jurisdiction, a representative of that state 
agency.



Sec. 199.15  Review of drug testing results.

    (a) MRO appointment. Each operator shall designate or appoint a 
medical review officer (MRO). If an operator does not have a qualified 
individual on staff to serve as MRO, the operator may contract for the 
provision of MRO services as part of its anti-drug program.
    (b) MRO qualifications. The MRO must be a licensed physician with 
knowledge of drug abuse disorders.
    (c) MRO duties. The MRO shall perform the following functions for 
the operator:
    (1) Review the results of drug testing before they are reported to 
the operator.
    (2) Review and interpret each confirmed positive test result as 
follows to

[[Page 175]]

determine if there is an alternative medical explanation for the 
confirmed positive test result:
    (i) Conduct a medical interview with the individual tested.
    (ii) Review the individual's medical history and any relevant 
biomedical factors.
    (iii) Review all medical records made available by the individual 
tested to determine if a confirmed positive test resulted from legally 
prescribed medication.
    (iv) If necessary, require that the original specimen be reanalyzed 
to determine the accuracy of the reported test result.
    (v) Verify that the laboratory report and assessment are correct.
    (3) Determine whether and when an employee who refused to take or 
did not pass a drug test administered under DOT Procedures may be 
returned to duty.
    (4) Determine a schedule of unannounced testing, in consultation 
with the operator, for an employee who has returned to duty.
    (5) Ensure that an employee has been drug tested in accordance with 
the DOT Procedures before the employee returns to duty.
    (d) MRO determinations. The following rules govern MRO 
determinations:
    (1) If the MRO determines, after appropriate review, that there is a 
legitimate medical explanation for the confirmed positive test result 
other than the unauthorized use of a prohibited drug, the MRO is not 
required to take further action.
    (2) If the MRO determines, after appropriate review, that there is 
no legitimate medical explanation for the confirmed positive test result 
other than the unauthorized use of a prohibited drug, the MRO shall 
refer the individual tested to an employee assistance program, or to a 
personnel or administrative officer for further proceedings in 
accordance with the operator's anti-drug program.
    (3) Based on a review of laboratory inspection reports, quality 
assurance and quality control data, and other drug test results, the MRO 
may conclude that a particular drug test result is scientifically 
insufficient for further action. Under these circumstances, the MRO 
should conclude that the test is negative for the presence of a 
prohibited drug or drug metabolite in an individual's system.

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, as amended by Amdt. 199-2, 54 FR 51850, 
Dec. 18, 1989]



Sec. 199.17  Retention of samples and retesting.

    (a) Samples that yield positive results on confirmation must be 
retained by the laboratory in properly secured, long-term, frozen 
storage for at least 365 days as required by the DOT Procedures. Within 
this 365-day period, the employee or his representative, the operator, 
the Administrator, or, if the operator is subject to the jurisdiction of 
a state agency, the state agency may request that the laboratory retain 
the sample for an additional period. If, within the 365-day period, the 
laboratory has not received a proper written request to retain the 
sample for a further reasonable period specified in the request, the 
sample may be discarded following the end of the 365-period.
    (b) If the medical review officer (MRO) determines there is no 
legitimate medical explanation for a confirmed positive test result 
other than the unauthorized use of a prohibited drug, the original 
sample must be retested if the employee makes a written request for 
retesting within 60 days of receipt of the final test result from the 
MRO. The employee may specify retesting by the original laboratory or by 
a second laboratory that is certified by the Department of Health and 
Human Services. The operator may require the employee to pay in advance 
the cost of shipment (if any) and reanalysis of the sample, but the 
employee must be reimbursed for such expense if the retest is negative.
    (c) If the employee specifies retesting by a second laboratory, the 
original laboratory must follow approved chain-of-custody procedures in 
transferring a portion of the sample.
    (d) Since some analytes may deteriorate during storage, detected 
levels of the drug below the detection limits established in the DOT 
Procedures, but equal to or greater than the established sensitivity of 
the assay, must, as technically appropriate, be reported

[[Page 176]]

and considered corroborative of the original positive results.

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988; 55 FR 797, Jan. 9, 1990]



Sec. 199.19  Employee assistance program.

    (a) Each operator shall provide an employee assistance program (EAP) 
for its employees and supervisory personnel who will determine whether 
an employee must be drug tested based on reasonable cause. The operator 
may establish the EAP as a part of its internal personnel services or 
the operator may contract with an entity that provides EAP services. 
Each EAP must include education and training on drug use. At the 
discretion of the operator, the EAP may include an opportunity for 
employee rehabilitation.
    (b) Education under each EAP must include at least the following 
elements: display and distribution of informational material; display 
and distribution of a community service hot-line telephone number for 
employee assistance; and display and distribution of the employer's 
policy regarding the use of prohibited drugs.
    (c) Training under each EAP for supervisory personnel who will 
determine whether an employee must be drug tested based on reasonable 
cause must include one 60-minute period of training on the specific, 
contemporaneous physical, behavioral, and performance indicators of 
probable drug use.



Sec. 199.21  Contractor employees.

    With respect to those employees who are contractors or employed by a 
contractor, an operator may provide by contract that the drug testing, 
education, and training required by this part be carried out by the 
contractor provided:
    (a) The operator remains responsible for ensuring that the 
requirements of this part are complied with; and
    (b) The contractor allows access to property and records by the 
operator, the Administrator, and if the operator is subject to the 
jurisdiction of a state agency, a representative of the state agency for 
the purpose of monitoring the operator's compliance with the 
requirements of this part.



Sec. 199.23  Recordkeeping.

    (a) Each operator shall keep the following records for the periods 
specified and permit access to the records as provided by paragraph (b) 
of this section:
    (1) Records that demonstrate the collection process conforms to this 
part must be kept for at least 3 years.
    (2) Records of employee drug test results that show employees who 
had a positive test, and the type of test (e.g., post-accident), and 
records that demonstrate rehabilitation, if any, must be kept for at 
least 5 years, and include the following information:
    (i) The function performed by each employee who had a positive drug 
test result.
    (ii) The prohibited drug(s) that were used by an employee who had a 
positive drug test.
    (iii) The disposition of each employee who had a positive drug test 
or refused a drug test (e.g., termination, rehabilitation, removed from 
covered function, other).
    (3) Records of employee drug test results that show employees passed 
a drug test must be kept for at least 1 year.
    (4) A record of the number of employees tested, by type of test 
(e.g., post-accident), must be kept for at least 5 years.
    (5) Records confirming that supervisors and employees have been 
trained as required by this part must be kept for at least 3 years.
    (b) Information regarding an individual's drug testing results or 
rehabilitation may be released only upon the written consent of the 
individual, except that such information must be released regardless of 
consent to the Administrator or the representative of a state agency 
upon request as part of an accident investigation. Statistical data 
related to drug testing and rehabilitation that is not name-specific and 
training records must be made available to the Administrator or the 
representative of a state agency upon request.

[53 FR 47096, Nov. 21, 1988, as amended at 58 FR 68260, Dec. 23, 1993]

[[Page 177]]



Sec. 199.25  Reporting of anti-drug testing results.

    (a) Each large operator (having more than 50 covered employees) 
shall submit an annual MIS report to RSPA of its anti-drug testing 
results in the form and manner prescribed by the Administrator, not 
later than March 15 of each year for the prior calendar year (January 1 
through December 31). The Administrator shall require by written notice 
that small operators (50 or fewer covered employees) not otherwise 
required to submit annual MIS reports to prepare and submit such reports 
to RSPA.
    (b) Each report, required under this section, shall be submitted to 
the Office of Pipeline Safety Compliance (OPS), Research and Special 
Programs Administration, Department of Transportation, room 2335, 400 
Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590.
    (c) Each report shall be submitted in the form and manner prescribed 
by the Administrator. No other form, including another DOT Operating 
Administration's MIS form, is acceptable for submission to RSPA.
    (d) Each report shall be signed by the operator's anti-drug program 
manager or designated representative.
    (e) Each operator's report with verified positive test results or 
refusals to test shall include all of the following informational 
elements:
    (1) Number of covered employees.
    (2) Number of covered employees subject to testing under the anti-
drug rules of another operating administration.
    (3) Number of specimens collected by type of test.
    (4) Number of positive test results, verified by a Medical Review 
Officer (MRO), by type of test and type of drug.
    (5) Number of employee action(s) taken following verified 
positive(s), by type of action(s).
    (6) Number of negative tests reported by an MRO by type of test.
    (7) Number of persons denied a position as a covered employee 
following a verified positive drug test.
    (8) Number of covered employees, returned to duty during this 
reporting period after having failed or refused a drug test required 
under the RSPA rule.
    (9) Number of covered employees with tests verified positive by an 
MRO for multiple drugs.
    (10) Number of covered employees who refused to submit to a random 
or non-random (post-accident, reasonable cause, return-to- duty, or 
follow-up) drug test and the action taken in response to each refusal.
    (11) Number of supervisors who have received required initial 
training during the reporting period.
    (f) Each operator's report with only negative test results shall 
include all of the following informational elements:
    (1) Number of covered employees.
    (2) Number of covered employees subject to testing under the anti-
drug rules of another operating administration.
    (3) Number of specimens collected by type of test.
    (4) Number of negative tests reported by an MRO by type of test.
    (5) Number of covered employees who refused to submit to a random or 
non-random (post-accident, reasonable cause, return-to-duty, or follow-
up) drug test and the action taken in response to each refusal.
    (6) Number of supervisors who have received required initial 
training during the reporting period.

[58 FR 68261, Dec. 23, 1993]



              Subpart B--Alcohol Misuse Prevention Program

    Source: Amdt. 199-9, 59 FR 7430, Feb. 15, 1994, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 199.200  Purpose.

    The purpose of this subpart is to establish programs designed to 
help prevent accidents and injuries resulting from the misuse of alcohol 
by employees who perform covered functions for operators of certain 
pipeline facilities subject to parts 192, 193, or 195 of this chapter.



Sec. 199.201  Applicability.

    This subpart applies to gas, hazardous liquid and carbon dioxide 
pipeline

[[Page 178]]

operators and liquefied natural gas operators subject to parts 192, 193, 
or 195 of this chapter. However, this subpart does not apply to 
operators of master meter systems defined in Sec. 191.3 or liquefied 
petroleum gas (LPG) operators as discussed in Sec. 192.11 of this 
chapter.



Sec. 199.202  Alcohol misuse plan.

    Each operator shall maintain and follow a written alcohol misuse 
plan that conforms to the requirements of this subpart and the DOT 
procedures in part 40 of this title. The plan shall contain methods and 
procedures for compliance with all the requirements of this subpart, 
including required testing, recordkeeping, reporting, education and 
training elements.



Sec. 199.203  Alcohol testing procedures.

    Each operator shall ensure that all alcohol testing conducted under 
this subpart complies with the procedures set forth in part 40 of this 
title. The provisions of 49 CFR part 40 that address alcohol testing are 
made applicable to operators by this subpart.



Sec. 199.205  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart:
    Accident means an incident reportable under part 191 of this chapter 
involving gas pipeline facilities or LNG facilities, or an accident 
reportable under part 195 of this chapter involving hazardous liquid or 
carbon dioxide pipeline facilities.
    Administrator means the Administrator of the Research and Special 
Programs Administration (RSPA), or any person who has been delegated 
authority in the matter concerned.
    Alcohol means the intoxicating agent in beverage alcohol, ethyl 
alcohol or other low molecular weight alcohols including methyl or 
isopropyl alcohol.
    Alcohol concentration (or content) means the alcohol in a volume of 
breath expressed in terms of grams of alcohol per 210 liters of breath 
as indicated by an evidential breath test under this subpart.
    Alcohol use means the consumption of any beverage, mixture, or 
preparation, including any medication, containing alcohol.
    Confirmation test means a second test, following a screening test 
with a result 0.02 or greater, that provides quantitative data of 
alcohol concentration.
    Consortium means an entity, including a group or association of 
employers, recipients, or contractors, that provides alcohol testing as 
required by this subpart or other DOT alcohol testing rules and that 
acts on behalf of the operators.
    Covered employee means a person who performs on a pipeline or at an 
LNG facility an operation, maintenance, or emergency-response function 
regulated by parts 192, 193, or 195 of this chapter. Covered employee 
and individual or individual to be tested have the same meaning for the 
purposes of this subpart. The term covered employee does not include 
clerical, truck driving, accounting, or other functions not subject to 
parts 192, 193, or 195. The person may be employed by the operator, be a 
contractor engaged by the operator, or be employed by such a contractor.
    Covered function (safety-sensitive function) means an operation, 
maintenance, or emergency-response function that is performed on a 
pipeline or LNG facility and the function is regulated by parts 192, 
193, or 195.
    DOT agency An agency (or operating administration) of the United 
States Department of Transportation administering regulations requiring 
alcohol testing (14 CFR parts 61, 63, 65, 121, 135; 49 CFR parts 199, 
219, 382, and 654) in accordance with part 40 of this title.
    Employer or operator means a person who owns or operates a pipeline 
or LNG facility subject to parts 192, 193, or 195 of this chapter.
    Performing (a covered function): An employee is considered to be 
performing a covered function (safety-sensitive function) during any 
period in which he or she is actually performing, ready to perform, or 
immediately available to perform such covered functions.
    Refuse to submit (to an alcohol test) means that a covered employee 
fails to provide adequate breath for testing without a valid medical 
explanation after he or she has received notice of the requirement to be 
tested in accordance with the provisions of this subpart, or engages in 
conduct that clearly obstructs the testing process.

[[Page 179]]

    Screening test means an analytical procedure to determine whether a 
covered employee may have a prohibited concentration of alcohol in his 
or her system.
    State agency means an agency of any of the several states, the 
District of Columbia, or Puerto Rico that participates under the 
pipeline safety laws (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.).

[Amdt. 199-9, 59 FR 7430, Feb. 15, 1994, as amended by Amdt. 199-13, 61 
FR 18519, Apr. 26, 1996; 61 FR 37224, July 17, 1996]



Sec. 199.207  Preemption of State and local laws.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this 
subpart preempts any State or local law, rule, regulation, or order to 
the extent that:
    (1) Compliance with both the State or local requirement and this 
subpart is not possible;
    (2) Compliance with the State or local requirement is an obstacle to 
the accomplishment and execution of any requirement in this subpart; or
    (3) The State or local requirement is a pipeline safety standard 
applicable to interstate pipeline facilities.
    (b) This subpart shall not be construed to preempt provisions of 
State criminal law that impose sanctions for reckless conduct leading to 
actual loss of life, injury, or damage to property, whether the 
provisions apply specifically to transportation employees or employers 
or to the general public.



Sec. 199.209  Other requirements imposed by operators.

    Except as expressly provided in this subpart, nothing in this 
subpart shall be construed to affect the authority of operators, or the 
rights of employees, with respect to the use or possession of alcohol, 
including authority and rights with respect to alcohol testing and 
rehabilitation.



Sec. 199.211  Requirement for notice.

    Before performing an alcohol test under this subpart, each operator 
shall notify a covered employee that the alcohol test is required by 
this subpart. No operator shall falsely represent that a test is 
administered under this subpart.



Sec. 199.213  Starting date for alcohol testing programs.

    (a) Large operators. Each operator with more than fifty covered 
employees on February 15, 1994 shall implement the requirements of this 
subpart beginning on January 1, 1995.
    (b) Small operators. Each operator with fifty or fewer covered 
employees on February 15, 1994 shall implement the requirements of this 
subpart beginning on January 1, 1996.
    (c) All operators commencing operations after February 15, 1994 
shall have an alcohol misuse program that conforms to this subpart by 
January 1, 1996, or by the date an operator begins operations, whichever 
is later.



Sec. 199.215  Alcohol concentration.

    Each operator shall prohibit a covered employee from reporting for 
duty or remaining on duty requiring the performance of covered functions 
while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater. No operator 
having actual knowledge that a covered employee has an alcohol 
concentration of 0.04 or greater shall permit the employee to perform or 
continue to perform covered functions.



Sec. 199.217  On-duty use.

    Each operator shall prohibit a covered employee from using alcohol 
while performing covered functions. No operator having actual knowledge 
that a covered employee is using alcohol while performing covered 
functions shall permit the employee to perform or continue to perform 
covered functions.



Sec. 199.219  Pre-duty use.

    Each operator shall prohibit a covered employee from using alcohol 
within four hours prior to performing covered functions, or, if an 
employee is called to duty to respond to an emergency, within the time 
period after the employee has been notified to report for duty. No 
operator having actual knowledge that a covered employee has used 
alcohol within four hours prior to performing covered functions or 
within the time period after the employee has been notified to report 
for duty shall

[[Page 180]]

permit that covered employee to perform or continue to perform covered 
functions.



Sec. 199.221  Use following an accident.

    Each operator shall prohibit a covered employee who has actual 
knowledge of an accident in which his or her performance of covered 
functions has not been discounted by the operator as a contributing 
factor to the accident from using alcohol for eight hours following the 
accident, unless he or she has been given a post-accident test under 
Sec. 199.225(a), or the operator has determined that the employee's 
performance could not have contributed to the accident.



Sec. 199.223  Refusal to submit to a required alcohol test.

    Each operator shall require a covered employee to submit to a post-
accident alcohol test required under Sec. 199.225(a), a reasonable 
suspicion alcohol test required under Sec. 199.225(b), or a follow-up 
alcohol test required under Sec. 199.225(d). No operator shall permit an 
employee who refuses to submit to such a test to perform or continue to 
perform covered functions.



Sec. 199.225  Alcohol tests required.

    Each operator shall conduct the following types of alcohol tests for 
the presence of alcohol:
    (a) Post-accident. (1) As soon as practicable following an accident, 
each operator shall test each surviving covered employee for alcohol if 
that employee's performance of a covered function either contributed to 
the accident or cannot be completely discounted as a contributing factor 
to the accident. The decision not to administer a test under this 
section shall be based on the operator's determination, using the best 
available information at the time of the determination, that the covered 
employee's performance could not have contributed to the accident.
    (2)(i) If a test required by this section is not administered within 
2 hours following the accident, the operator shall prepare and maintain 
on file a record stating the reasons the test was not promptly 
administered. If a test required by paragraph (a) is not administered 
within 8 hours following the accident, the operator shall cease attempts 
to administer an alcohol test and shall state in the record the reasons 
for not administering the test.
    (ii) For the years stated in this paragraph, employers who submit 
MIS reports shall submit to RSPA each record of a test required by this 
section that is not completed within 8 hours. The employer's records of 
tests that could not be completed within 8 hours shall be submitted to 
RSPA by March 15, 1996; March 15, 1997; and March 15, 1998; for calendar 
years 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. Employers shall append these 
records to their MIS submissions. Each record shall include the 
following information:
    (A) Type of test (reasonable suspicion/post-accident);
    (B) Triggering event (including date, time, and location);
    (C) Employee category (do not include employee name or other 
identifying information);
    (D) Reason(s) test could not be completed within 8 hours; and
    (E) If blood alcohol testing could have been completed within eight 
hours, the name, address, and telephone number of the testing site where 
blood testing could have occurred.
    (3) A covered employee who is subject to post-accident testing who 
fails to remain readily available for such testing, including notifying 
the operator or operator representative of his/her location if he/she 
leaves the scene of the accident prior to submission to such test, may 
be deemed by the operator to have refused to submit to testing. Nothing 
in this section shall be construed to require the delay of necessary 
medical attention for injured people following an accident or to 
prohibit a covered employee from leaving the scene of an accident for 
the period necessary to obtain assistance in responding to the accident 
or to obtain necessary emergency medical care.
    (b) Reasonable suspicion testing. (1) Each operator shall require a 
covered employee to submit to an alcohol test when the operator has 
reasonable suspicion to believe that the employee has violated the 
prohibitions in this subpart.
    (2) The operator's determination that reasonable suspicion exists to 
require

[[Page 181]]

the covered employee to undergo an alcohol test shall be based on 
specific, contemporaneous, articulable observations concerning the 
appearance, behavior, speech, or body odors of the employee. The 
required observations shall be made by a supervisor who is trained in 
detecting the symptoms of alcohol misuse. The supervisor who makes the 
determination that reasonable suspicion exists shall not conduct the 
breath alcohol test on that employee.
    (3) Alcohol testing is authorized by this section only if the 
observations required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section are made 
during, just preceding, or just after the period of the work day that 
the employee is required to be in compliance with this subpart. A 
covered employee may be directed by the operator to undergo reasonable 
suspicion testing for alcohol only while the employee is performing 
covered functions; just before the employee is to perform covered 
functions; or just after the employee has ceased performing covered 
functions.
    (4)(i) If a test required by this section is not administered within 
2 hours following the determination under paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section, the operator shall prepare and maintain on file a record 
stating the reasons the test was not promptly administered. If a test 
required by this section is not administered within 8 hours following 
the determination under paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the operator 
shall cease attempts to administer an alcohol test and shall state in 
the record the reasons for not administering the test. Records shall be 
submitted to RSPA upon request of the Administrator.
    (ii) For the years stated in this paragraph, employers who submit 
MIS reports shall submit to RSPA each record of a test required by this 
section that is not completed within 8 hours. The employer's records of 
tests that could not be completed within 8 hours shall be submitted to 
RSPA by March 15, 1996; March 15, 1997; and March 15, 1998; for calendar 
years 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. Employers shall append these 
records to their MIS submissions. Each record shall include the 
following information:
    (A) Type of test (reasonable suspicion/post-accident);
    (B) Triggering event (including date, time, and location);
    (C) Employee category (do not include employee name or other 
identifying information);
    (D) Reason(s) test could not be completed within 8 hours; and
    (E) If blood alcohol testing could have been completed within eight 
hours, the name, address, and telephone number of the testing site where 
blood testing could have occurred.
    (iii) Notwithstanding the absence of a reasonable suspicion alcohol 
test under this section, an operator shall not permit a covered employee 
to report for duty or remain on duty requiring the performance of 
covered functions while the employee is under the influence of or 
impaired by alcohol, as shown by the behavioral, speech, or performance 
indicators of alcohol misuse, nor shall an operator permit the covered 
employee to perform or continue to perform covered functions, until:
    (A) An alcohol test is administered and the employee's alcohol 
concentration measures less than 0.02; or
    (B) The start of the employee's next regularly scheduled duty 
period, but not less than 8 hours following the determination under 
paragraph (b)(2) of this section that there is reasonable suspicion to 
believe that the employee has violated the prohibitions in this subpart.
    (iv) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(4)(ii), no operator shall 
take any action under this subpart against a covered employee based 
solely on the employee's behavior and appearance in the absence of an 
alcohol test. This does not prohibit an operator with the authority 
independent of this subpart from taking any action otherwise consistent 
with law.
    (c) Return-to-duty testing. Each operator shall ensure that before a 
covered employee returns to duty requiring the performance of a covered 
function after engaging in conduct prohibited by Secs. 199.215 through 
199.223, the employee shall undergo a return-to-duty alcohol test with a 
result indicating an alcohol concentration of less than 0.02.
    (d) Follow-up testing. (1) Following a determination under 
Sec. 199.243(b) that a

[[Page 182]]

covered employee is in need of assistance in resolving problems 
associated with alcohol misuse, each operator shall ensure that the 
employee is subject to unannounced follow-up alcohol testing as directed 
by a substance abuse professional in accordance with the provisions of 
Sec. 199.243(c)(2)(ii).
    (2) Follow-up testing shall be conducted when the covered employee 
is performing covered functions; just before the employee is to perform 
covered functions; or just after the employee has ceased performing such 
functions.
    (e) Retesting of covered employees with an alcohol concentration of 
0.02 or greater but less than 0.04. Each operator shall retest a covered 
employee to ensure compliance with the provisions of Sec. 199.237, if an 
operator chooses to permit the employee to perform a covered function 
within 8 hours following the administration of an alcohol test 
indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.02 or greater but less than 
0.04.

[Amdt. 199-9, 59 FR 7430, Feb. 15, 1994, as amended at 59 FR 62239 and 
62246, Dec. 2, 1994]



Sec. 199.227  Retention of records.

    (a) General requirement. Each operator shall maintain records of its 
alcohol misuse prevention program as provided in this section. The 
records shall be maintained in a secure location with controlled access.
    (b) Period of retention. Each operator shall maintain the records in 
accordance with the following schedule:
    (1) Five years. Records of employee alcohol test results with 
results indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.02 or greater, 
documentation of refusals to take required alcohol tests, calibration 
documentation, employee evaluation and referrals, and MIS annual report 
data shall be maintained for a minimum of five years.
    (2) Two years. Records related to the collection process (except 
calibration of evidential breath testing devices), and training shall be 
maintained for a minimum of two years.
    (3) One year. Records of all test results below 0.02 (as defined in 
49 CFR part 40) shall be maintained for a minimum of one year.
    (c) Types of records. The following specific records shall be 
maintained:
    (1) Records related to the collection process:
    (i) Collection log books, if used.
    (ii) Calibration documentation for evidential breath testing 
devices.
    (iii) Documentation of breath alcohol technician training.
    (iv) Documents generated in connection with decisions to administer 
reasonable suspicion alcohol tests.
    (v) Documents generated in connection with decisions on post- 
accident tests.
    (vi) Documents verifying existence of a medical explanation of the 
inability of a covered employee to provide adequate breath for testing.
    (2) Records related to test results:
    (i) The operator's copy of the alcohol test form, including the 
results of the test.
    (ii) Documents related to the refusal of any covered employee to 
submit to an alcohol test required by this subpart.
    (iii) Documents presented by a covered employee to dispute the 
result of an alcohol test administered under this subpart.
    (3) Records related to other violations of this subpart.
    (4) Records related to evaluations:
    (i) Records pertaining to a determination by a substance abuse 
professional concerning a covered employee's need for assistance.
    (ii) Records concerning a covered employee's compliance with the 
recommendations of the substance abuse professional.
    (5) Record(s) related to the operator's MIS annual testing data.
    (6) Records related to education and training:
    (i) Materials on alcohol misuse awareness, including a copy of the 
operator's policy on alcohol misuse.
    (ii) Documentation of compliance with the requirements of 
Sec. 199.231.
    (iii) Documentation of training provided to supervisors for the 
purpose of qualifying the supervisors to make a determination concerning 
the need for alcohol testing based on reasonable suspicion.
    (iv) Certification that any training conducted under this subpart 
complies

[[Page 183]]

with the requirements for such training.



Sec. 199.229  Reporting of alcohol testing results.

    (a) Each large operator (having more than 50 covered employees) 
shall submit an annual management information system (MIS) report to 
RSPA of its alcohol testing results in the form and manner prescribed by 
the Administrator, by March 15 of each year for the previous calendar 
year (January 1 through December 31). The Administrator may require by 
written notice that a small operator (50 or fewer covered employees), 
not otherwise required to submit annual MIS reports, submit such a 
report to RSPA.
    (b) Each operator that is subject to more than one DOT agency 
alcohol rule shall identify each employee covered by the regulations of 
more than one DOT agency. The identification will be by the total number 
of covered employees. Prior to conducting any alcohol test on a covered 
employee subject to the rules of more than one DOT agency, the employer 
shall determine which DOT agency rule or rules authorizes or requires 
the test. The test result information shall be directed to the 
appropriate DOT agency or agencies.
    (c) Each report, required under this section, shall be submitted to 
the Office of Pipeline Safety Compliance (OPS), Research and Special 
Programs Administration, Department of Transportation, room 2335, 400 
Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590.
    (d) Each report that contains information on an alcohol screening 
test result of 0.02 or greater or a violation of the alcohol misuse 
provisions of Secs. 199.215 through 199.223 of this subpart shall be 
submitted on ``RSPA Alcohol Testing MIS Data Collection Form'' and 
include the following informational elements:
    (1) Number of covered employees.
    (2) Number of covered employees subject to testing under the alcohol 
misuse rule of another operating administration by each agency.
    (3)(i) Number of screening tests by type of test.
    (ii) Number of confirmation tests by type of test.
    (4) Number of confirmation tests indicating an alcohol concentration 
of 0.02 or greater but less than 0.04, by type of test.
    (5) Number of confirmation tests indicating an alcohol concentration 
of 0.04 or greater, by type of test.
    (6) Number of covered employees with a confirmation test indicating 
an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater or who have violations of 
other alcohol misuse provisions who were returned to duty in covered 
positions (having complied with the recommendations of a substance abuse 
professional as described in Secs. 199.235 and 199.243).
    (7) Number of covered employees who were administered alcohol and 
drug tests at the same time, with both a positive drug test and an 
alcohol test indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater.
    (8) Number of covered employees who were found to have violated 
other provisions of Secs. 199.215 through 199.221, and any action taken 
in response to the violation.
    (9) Number of covered employees who refused to submit to an alcohol 
test required under this subpart, and the action taken in response to 
the refusal.
    (10) Number of supervisors who have received required training 
during the reporting period in determining the existence of reasonable 
suspicion of alcohol misuse.
    (e) Each report with no screening alcohol test results of 0.02, or 
greater or violations of the alcohol misuse provisions of Secs. 199.215 
through 199.223 of this subpart shall be submitted on ``RSPA Alcohol 
Testing MIS Data Collection EZ Form'' and include the following 
informational elements. (This ``EZ'' report may only be submitted if the 
program results meet these criteria)
    (1) Number of covered employees.
    (2) Number of covered employees subject to testing under the alcohol 
misuse rule of another operating administration identified by each 
agency.
    (3) Number of screening tests by type of test.
    (4) Number of covered employees who refused to submit to an alcohol 
test required under this subpart, and the action taken in response to 
the refusal.
    (5) Number of supervisors who have received required training during 
the

[[Page 184]]

reporting period in determining the existence of reasonable suspicion of 
alcohol misuse.
    (f) A consortium may prepare reports on behalf of individual 
pipeline operators for purposes of compliance with this reporting 
requirement. However, the pipeline operator shall sign and submit such a 
report and shall remain responsible for ensuring the accuracy and 
timeliness of each report prepared on its behalf by a consortium.



Sec. 199.231  Access to facilities and records.

    (a) Except as required by law or expressly authorized or required in 
this subpart, no employer shall release covered employee information 
that is contained in records required to be maintained in Sec. 199.227.
    (b) A covered employee is entitled, upon written request, to obtain 
copies of any records pertaining to the employee's use of alcohol, 
including any records pertaining to his or her alcohol tests. The 
operator shall promptly provide the records requested by the employee. 
Access to a employee's records shall not be contingent upon payment for 
records other than those specifically requested.
    (c) Each operator shall permit access to all facilities utilized in 
complying with the requirements of this subpart to the Secretary of 
Transportation, any DOT agency, or a representative of a state agency 
with regulatory authority over the operator.
    (d) Each operator shall make available copies of all results for 
employer alcohol testing conducted under this subpart and any other 
information pertaining to the operator's alcohol misuse prevention 
program, when requested by the Secretary of Transportation, any DOT 
agency with regulatory authority over the operator, or a representative 
of a state agency with regulatory authority over the operator. The 
information shall include name-specific alcohol test results, records, 
and reports.
    (e) When requested by the National Transportation Safety Board as 
part of an accident investigation, an operator shall disclose 
information related to the operator's administration of any post- 
accident alcohol tests administered following the accident under 
investigation.
    (f) An operator shall make records available to a subsequent 
employer upon receipt of the written request from the covered employee. 
Disclosure by the subsequent employer is permitted only as expressly 
authorized by the terms of the employee's written request.
    (g) An operator may disclose information required to be maintained 
under this subpart pertaining to a covered employee to the employee or 
the decisionmaker in a lawsuit, grievance, or other proceeding initiated 
by or on behalf of the individual, and arising from the results of an 
alcohol test administered under this subpart, or from the operator's 
determination that the covered employee engaged in conduct prohibited by 
Secs. 199.215 through 199.223 (including, but not limited to, a worker's 
compensation, unemployment compensation, or other proceeding relating to 
a benefit sought by the employee).
    (h) An operator shall release information regarding a covered 
employee's records as directed by the specific, written consent of the 
employee authorizing release of the information to an identified person. 
Release of such information by the person receiving the information is 
permitted only in accordance with the terms of the employee's consent.



Sec. 199.233  Removal from covered function.

    Except as provided in Secs. 199.239 through 199.243, no operator 
shall permit any covered employee to perform covered functions if the 
employee has engaged in conduct prohibited by Secs. 199.215 through 
199.223 or an alcohol misuse rule of another DOT agency.



Sec. 199.235  Required evaluation and testing.

    No operator shall permit a covered employee who has engaged in 
conduct prohibited by Secs. 199.215 through 199.223 to perform covered 
functions unless the employee has met the requirements of Sec. 199.243.

[[Page 185]]



Sec. 199.237  Other alcohol-related conduct.

    (a) No operator shall permit a covered employee tested under the 
provisions of Sec. 199.225, who is found to have an alcohol 
concentration of 0.02 or greater but less than 0.04, to perform or 
continue to perform covered functions, until:
    (1) The employee's alcohol concentration measures less than 0.02 in 
accordance with a test administered under Sec. 199.225(e); or
    (2) The start of the employee's next regularly scheduled duty 
period, but not less than eight hours following administration of the 
test.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section, no operator 
shall take any action under this subpart against an employee based 
solely on test results showing an alcohol concentration less than 0.04. 
This does not prohibit an operator with authority independent of this 
subpart from taking any action otherwise consistent with law.



Sec. 199.239  Operator obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of alcohol.

    (a) General requirements. Each operator shall provide educational 
materials that explain these alcohol misuse requirements and the 
operator's policies and procedures with respect to meeting those 
requirements.
    (1) The operator shall ensure that a copy of these materials is 
distributed to each covered employee prior to start of alcohol testing 
under this subpart, and to each person subsequently hired for or 
transferred to a covered position.
    (2) Each operator shall provide written notice to representatives of 
employee organizations of the availability of this information.
    (b) Required content. The materials to be made available to covered 
employees shall include detailed discussion of at least the following:
    (1) The identity of the person designated by the operator to answer 
covered employee questions about the materials.
    (2) The categories of employees who are subject to the provisions of 
this subpart.
    (3) Sufficient information about the covered functions performed by 
those employees to make clear what period of the work day the covered 
employee is required to be in compliance with this subpart.
    (4) Specific information concerning covered employee conduct that is 
prohibited by this subpart.
    (5) The circumstances under which a covered employee will be tested 
for alcohol under this subpart.
    (6) The procedures that will be used to test for the presence of 
alcohol, protect the covered employee and the integrity of the breath 
testing process, safeguard the validity of the test results, and ensure 
that those results are attributed to the correct employee.
    (7) The requirement that a covered employee submit to alcohol tests 
administered in accordance with this subpart.
    (8) An explanation of what constitutes a refusal to submit to an 
alcohol test and the attendant consequences.
    (9) The consequences for covered employees found to have violated 
the prohibitions under this subpart, including the requirement that the 
employee be removed immediately from covered functions, and the 
procedures under Sec. 199.243.
    (10) The consequences for covered employees found to have an alcohol 
concentration of 0.02 or greater but less than 0.04.
    (11) Information concerning the effects of alcohol misuse on an 
individual's health, work, and personal life; signs and symptoms of an 
alcohol problem (the employee's or a coworker's); and including 
intervening evaluating and resolving problems associated with the misuse 
of alcohol including intervening when an alcohol problem is suspected, 
confrontation, referral to any available EAP, and/or referral to 
management.
    (c) Optional provisions. The materials supplied to covered employees 
may also include information on additional operator policies with 
respect to the use or possession of alcohol, including any consequences 
for an employee found to have a specified alcohol level, that are based 
on the operator's authority independent of this subpart.

[[Page 186]]

Any such additional policies or consequences shall be clearly described 
as being based on independent authority.



Sec. 199.241  Training for supervisors.

    Each operator shall ensure that persons designated to determine 
whether reasonable suspicion exists to require a covered employee to 
undergo alcohol testing under Sec. 199.225(b) receive at least 60 
minutes of training on the physical, behavioral, speech, and performance 
indicators of probable alcohol misuse.



Sec. 199.243  Referral, evaluation, and treatment.

    (a) Each covered employee who has engaged in conduct prohibited by 
Secs. 199.215 through 199.223 of this subpart shall be advised of the 
resources available to the covered employee in evaluating and resolving 
problems associated with the misuse of alcohol, including the names, 
addresses, and telephone numbers of substance abuse professionals and 
counseling and treatment programs.
    (b) Each covered employee who engages in conduct prohibited under 
Secs. 199.215 through 199.223 shall be evaluated by a substance abuse 
professional who shall determine what assistance, if any, the employee 
needs in resolving problems associated with alcohol misuse.
    (c)(1) Before a covered employee returns to duty requiring the 
performance of a covered function after engaging in conduct prohibited 
by Secs. 199.215 through 199.223 of this subpart, the employee shall 
undergo a return-to-duty alcohol test with a result indicating an 
alcohol concentration of less than 0.02.
    (2) In addition, each covered employee identified as needing 
assistance in resolving problems associated with alcohol misuse--
    (i) Shall be evaluated by a substance abuse professional to 
determine that the employee has properly followed any rehabilitation 
program prescribed under paragraph (b) of this section, and
    (ii) Shall be subject to unannounced follow-up alcohol tests 
administered by the operator following the employee's return to duty. 
The number and frequency of such follow-up testing shall be determined 
by a substance abuse professional, but shall consist of at least six 
tests in the first 12 months following the employee's return to duty. In 
addition, follow-up testing may include testing for drugs, as directed 
by the substance abuse professional, to be performed in accordance with 
49 CFR part 40. Follow-up testing shall not exceed 60 months from the 
date of the employee's return to duty. The substance abuse professional 
may terminate the requirement for follow-up testing at any time after 
the first six tests have been administered, if the substance abuse 
professional determines that such testing is no longer necessary.
    (d) Evaluation and rehabilitation may be provided by the operator, 
by a substance abuse professional under contract with the operator, or 
by a substance abuse professional not affiliated with the operator. The 
choice of substance abuse professional and assignment of costs shall be 
made in accordance with the operator/employee agreements and operator/
employee policies.
    (e) The operator shall ensure that a substance abuse professional 
who determines that a covered employee requires assistance in resolving 
problems with alcohol misuse does not refer the employee to the 
substance abuse professional's private practice or to a person or 
organization from which the substance abuse professional receives 
remuneration or in which the substance abuse professional has a 
financial interest. This paragraph does not prohibit a substance abuse 
professional from referring an employee for assistance provided 
through--
    (1) A public agency, such as a State, county, or municipality;
    (2) The operator or a person under contract to provide treatment for 
alcohol problems on behalf of the operator;
    (3) The sole source of therapeutically appropriate treatment under 
the employee's health insurance program; or
    (4) The sole source of therapeutically appropriate treatment 
reasonably accessible to the employee.



Sec. 199.245  Contractor employees.

    (a) With respect to those covered employees who are contractors or 
employed by a contractor, an operator

[[Page 187]]

may provide by contract that the alcohol testing, training and education 
required by this subpart be carried out by the contractor provided:
    (b) The operator remains responsible for ensuring that the 
requirements of this subpart and part 40 of this title are complied 
with; and
    (c) The contractor allows access to property and records by the 
operator, the Administrator, any DOT agency with regulatory authority 
over the operator or covered employee, and, if the operator is subject 
to the jurisdiction of a state agency, a representative of the state 
agency for the purposes of monitoring the operator's compliance with the 
requirements of this subpart and part 40 of this title.
[[Page 189]]



                              FINDING AIDS




  --------------------------------------------------------------------

  A list of CFR titles, subtitles, chapters, subchapters and parts and 
an alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are included in 
the CFR Index and Finding Aids volume to the Code of Federal Regulations 
which is published separately and revised annually.

  Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference
  Table of CFR Titles and Chapters
  Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR
  List of CFR Sections Affected

[[Page 191]]

            Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference

                     (Revised as of October 1, 1996)

  The Director of the Federal Register has approved under 5 U.S.C. 
552(a) and 1 CFR Part 51 the incorporation by reference of the following 
publications. This list contains only those incorporations by reference 
effective as of the revision date of this volume. Incorporations by 
reference found within a regulation are effective upon the effective 
date of that regulation. For more information on incorporation by 
reference, see the preliminary pages of this volume.


49 CFR CHAPTER I (Parts 186-199)

RESEARCH AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF 
TRANSPORTATION (PIPELINE SAFETY REGULATIONS)


American Concrete Institute

  P.O. Box 19150, Redford Station, Detroit, MI 48219
ACI Standard 311.4R-88 ``Guide for Concrete 
  Inspection'' (1988)............................. 193.2307; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
ACI Standard 311.5R-88 ``Batch Plant Inspection 
  and Field Testing of Ready-Mixed Concrete'' 
  (1988).......................................... 193.2307; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193


American Gas Association

  1515 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22209
AGA, Evaluation of LNG Vapor Control Methods, 
  October 1974....................................              193.2059
AGA, Purging Principles and Practices, 1975.......  193.2513; 193.2517; 
                                                                193.2615
American Gas Association (AGA), AGA Pipeline 
  Research Committee, Project PR-3-805, A Modified 
  Criterion for Evaluating the Remaining Strength 
  of Corroded Pipe, December 1989.................  192.485; Appendix A 
                                                    to part 192; 195.3; 
                                                                 195.416


American National Standards Institute, Inc.

  1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018
ANSI A 21.1-77 Thickness Design of Cast Iron Pipe 
  (formerly ANSI C101-1967).......................      192.117; 192.557
ANSI A 581-72 Building Code Requirements for 
  Minimum Design Loads in Buildings and Other 
  Structures......................................    193.2067; 193.2109
ANSI B 16.1-75 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged 
  Fittings........................................               192.144
ANSI B 16.9-78 Factory Made Wrought Steel Butt-
  Welding Fittings................................               195.118
ANSI B 31.3-76 Chemical Plant Petroleum Refinery 
  Piping..........................................  193.2113; 193.2123; 
                                                    193.2127; 193.2229; 
                                                    193.2315; 193.2319; 
                                                                193.2321
ANSI B 31.4-79 Liquid Petroleum Transportation 
  Piping Systems..................................               195.110
ANSI B 31.5-74 Refrigeration Piping...............              193.2123
ANSI B 31.8-75 Gas Transmission and Distribution 
  Piping Systems..................................              193.2123


American Petroleum Institute

  1220 L St. NW., Washington, DC 20005
  211 N. Ervay, Suite 1700, Dallas, TX 75201

[[Page 192]]

API Specification 5L ``Specification for Line 
  Pipe'' (41st edition, 1995).....................     192.55; 192.113; 
                                                   Appendix A and B part 
                                                     192; 195.3; 195.106
API Recommended Practice 5L1 ``Recommended 
  Practice for Railroad Transportation of Line 
  Pipe'' (4th edition, 1990)...................... 192.65, Appendix A to 
                                                                part 192
API 5LS, Specification Line Pipe, 1980............   192.113; Part 192, 
                                                         App. B; 195.106
API 5LX, Specification for High-Test Line Pipe, 
  1980............................................ 192.55; 192.113; Part 
                                                    192, App. B; 195.106
API Specification 6D ``Specification for Pipeline 
  Valves (Gate, Plug, Ball, and Check Valves)'' 
  (21st edition, 1994)............................  192.145; Appendix A 
                                                           to part 192; 
                                                   193.2123; Appendix A 
                                                    to part 193; 195.3; 
                                                                 195.116
API Standard 620 ``Design and Construction of 
  Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks'' (8th 
  edition, 1990)..................................  193.2195; 193.2211; 
                                                    193.2321; 193.2327, 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                                     193
API Standard 1104 ``Welding of Pipelines and 
  Related Facilities'' (18th edition, 1994).......  192.225; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 192


American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)

  345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2398
ASCE 7-95 ``Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and 
  Other Structures'' (1995).......................  193.2067, 193.2109; 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                                     193


American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

  United Engineering Center, 345 E. 47th St., New York, NY 10017

  Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section I Power Boilders (1995 edition with 1995 
  Addenda)........................................   Appendix A to part 
                                                         192; 193.2145; 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                                     193
Section IV Heating Boilers (1995 edition with 1995 
  Addenda)........................................ 193.2145; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
Section VIII, Division 1 Pressure Vessels (1995 
  edition with 1995 Addenda)......................    192.153; 192.165; 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                         192; 193.2145; 
                                                    193,2195; 193.2211; 
                                                    193.2319; 193.2327; 
                                                   193.2405; Appendix A 
                                                    to part 193; 195.3; 
                                                                 195.124

[[Page 193]]

Section VIII, Division 2 Pressure Vessels: 
  Alternative Rules (1995 edtion with 1995 
  Addenda)........................................    192.153; 192.165; 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                         192; 193.2145; 
                                                    193.2211; 193.2319; 
                                                   193.2327; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications 
  (1995 edition with 1995 Addenda)................  192.227; Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                    193.2313; 193.2321; 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                     193; 195.3; 195.222
ASME/ANSI B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged 
  Fittings (1989).................................  192.147; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 192
ASME/ANSI B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 
  (1988 with October 1988 Errata and ASME/ANSI 
  B16.5a-1992 Addenda)............................    192.147; 192.279; 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                                     192
ASME/ANSI B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel 
  Buttwelding Fittings (1993).....................        195.3; 195.118
ASME/ANSI B31.4 Liquid Transportation Systems for 
  Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous 
  Ammonia, and Alcohols (1992 edition with ASME 
  B31.4a-1994 Addenda)............................        195.3; 195.110
ASME/ANSI B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum 
  Refinery Piping (1993 edition with ASME/ANSI 
  B31.3a--1993, B 31.3b-1994, and B31.3c-1995 
  Addenda)........................................  193.2113; 193.2123; 
                                                    193.2127; 193.2229; 
                                                    193.2315; 193.2319, 
                                                   193.2321; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
ASME/ANSI B31.5 Refrigeration Piping (1992 edition 
  with ASME B31.5a-1994 Addenda).................. 193.2123; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
ASME/ANSI B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution 
  Piping Systems (1995)...........................  192.619; Appendix A 
                                                           to part 192; 
                                                   193.2123; Appendix A 
                                                    to part 193; 195.3; 
                                                          195.5; 195.406
ASME/ANSI B31G, Manual for Determining the 
  Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines, 1991..  192.485; Appendix A 
                                                    to part 192; 195.3; 
                                                                 195.416


American Society for Testing and Materials

  1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103
  Noncurrent ASTM standards are available from: Engineering Societies 
  Library, 345 E. 47th St., New York, NY 10017.
ASTM A 53-95a Standard Specification for Pipe, 
  Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded 
  and Seamless....................................  192.113; Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                          195.3; 195.106

[[Page 194]]

ASTM A106-94a Standard Specification for Seamless 
  Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service..  192.113; Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                          195.3; 195.106
ASTM A 333/A 333M-94 Standard Specification for 
  Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-
  Temperature Service.............................  192.113, Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                          195.3; 195.106
ASTM A 372/A 372M-95 Standard Specification for 
  Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled 
  Pressure Vessels................................  192.177; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 192
ASTM A 381-93 Standard Specification for Metal-
  Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure 
  Transmission Systems............................  192.113; Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                          195.3; 195.106
ASTM A 671-94 Standard Specification for Electric-
  Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and 
  Lower Temperatures..............................  192.113; Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                          195.3; 195.106
ASTM A 672-94 Standard Specification for Electric-
  Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure 
  Service at Moderate Temperatures................  192.113; Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                          195.3; 195.106
ASTM A 691-93 Standard Specification for Carbon 
  and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for 
  High-Pressure Service at High Temperatures......  192.113; Appendix A 
                                                     and B to part 192; 
                                                          195.3; 195.106
ASTM D 638-95 Standard Test Method for Tensile 
  Properties of Plastics..........................  192.283; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 192
ASTM D 2513-87 Standard Specification for 
  Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Piping Systems.......          192.63(a)(1)
ASTM D 2513-95c Standard Specification for 
  Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and 
  Fittings........................................   192.63 (except for 
                                                         192.63(a)(1)); 
                                                      192.191; 192.281; 
                                                    192.283; Appendix A 
                                                       and B to part 192
ASTM D 2517-94 Standard Specification for 
  Reinforced Epoxy Resin Gas Pressure Pipe and 
  Fittings........................................    192.191; 192.281; 
                                                    192.283; Appendix A 
                                                       and B to part 192
ASTM F 1055 Standard Specification for 
  Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for 
  Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene Pipe 
  and Tubing (1995)...............................  192.283; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 192


International Conference of Building Officials

  5360 South Workman Hill Road, Whittier, CA 90601
ICBO, Uniform Building Code, 1994................. 193.2061; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193


Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fitting Industry

  5203 Leesburg Pike, Suite 502, Falls Church, VA 22041
MSS SP-44 Steel Pipe Line Flanges, 1991...........  192.147; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 192
MSS SP-75 Specification for High-Test Wrought Butt 
  Welding Fittings, 1993..........................        195.3; 195.118

[[Page 195]]

National Fire Protection Association

  470 Atlantic Ave., Boston, MA 02210
ANSI/NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids 
  Code, 1993......................................   Appendix A to part 
                                                         192; 193.2149; 
                                                   193.2813; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
ANSI/NFPA 37 Standard for the Installation and Use 
  of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas 
  Turbines, 1994.................................. 193.2147; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
ANSI/NFPA 51B Standard for Fire Prevention in Use 
  of Cutting and Welding Processes, 1994.......... 193.2811; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
ANSI/NFPA 58 Standard for the Storage and Handling 
  of Liquefied Petroleum Gases, 1995.............. 192.11; Appendix A to 
                                                                part 192
ANSI/NFPA 59 ``Standard for the Storage and 
  Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases at Utility 
  Gas Plants'' (1995)............................. 192.11; Appendix A to 
                                                                part 192
ANSI/NFPA 59A Standard for the Production, 
  Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas 
  (LNG), 1996..................................... 193.2005 (except for 
                                                        (c)); 193.2073; 
                                                    193.2141; 193.2213; 
                                                    193.2817; 193.2819; 
                                                   193.2821; Appendix A 
                                                             to part 193
NFPA 59A Storage and Handling Liquefied Natural 
  Gas, 1972.......................................           193.2005(c)
ANSI/NFPA 70 ``National Electrical Code'' (1996)..    192.163; 192.167; 
                                                    192.189; Appendix A 
                                                           to part 192; 
                                                    193.2141; 193.2427; 
                                                    193.2433; 193.2805; 
                                                     Appendix A to part 
                                                                     193


                                                                    Chap.

[[Page 197]]



                    Table of CFR Titles and Chapters



                   (Revised as of September 30, 1996)

                      Title 1--General Provisions

         I  Administrative Committee of the Federal Register 
                (Parts 1--49)
        II  Office of the Federal Register (Parts 50--299)
        IV  Miscellaneous Agencies (Parts 400--500)

                          Title 2--[Reserved]

                        Title 3--The President

         I  Executive Office of the President (Parts 100--199)

                           Title 4--Accounts

         I  General Accounting Office (Parts 1--99)
        II  Federal Claims Collection Standards (General 
                Accounting Office--Department of Justice) (Parts 
                100--299)

                   Title 5--Administrative Personnel

         I  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1--1199)
        II  Merit Systems Protection Board (Parts 1200--1299)
       III  Office of Management and Budget (Parts 1300--1399)
        IV  Advisory Committee on Federal Pay (Parts 1400--1499)
         V  The International Organizations Employees Loyalty 
                Board (Parts 1500--1599)
        VI  Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Parts 
                1600--1699)
       VII  Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations 
                (Parts 1700--1799)
      VIII  Office of Special Counsel (Parts 1800--1899)
        IX  Appalachian Regional Commission (Parts 1900--1999)
        XI  Armed Forces Retirement Home (Part 2100)
       XIV  Federal Labor Relations Authority, General Counsel of 
                the Federal Labor Relations Authority and Federal 
                Service Impasses Panel (Parts 2400--2499)
        XV  Office of Administration, Executive Office of the 
                President (Parts 2500--2599)
       XVI  Office of Government Ethics (Parts 2600--2699)
       XXI  Department of the Treasury (Parts 3100--3199)
      XXII  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Part 3202)
     XXIII  Department of Energy (Part 3301)

[[Page 198]]

      XXIV  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Part 3401)
      XXVI  Department of Defense (Part 3601)
       XXX  Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 4000--
                4099)
      XXXI  Farm Credit Administration (Parts 4100--4199)
    XXXIII  Overseas Private Investment Corporation (Part 4301)
        XL  Interstate Commerce Commission (Part 5001)
       XLI  Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Part 5101)
       XLV  Department of Health and Human Services (Part 5501)
      XLVI  Postal Rate Commission (Part 5601)
     XLVII  Federal Trade Commission (Part 5701)
    XLVIII  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Part 5801)
         L  Department of Transportation (Part 6001)
       LII  Export-Import Bank of the United States (Part 6201)
      LIII  Department of Education (Parts 6300--6399)
       LIV  Environmental Protection Agency (Part 6401)
       LIX  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Part 
                6901)
        LX  United States Postal Service (Part 7001)
      LXII  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Part 7201)
     LXIII  Inter-American Foundation (Part 7301)
       LXV  Department of Housing and Urban Development (Part 
                7501)
      LXVI  National Archives and Records Administration (Part 
                7601)
      LXIX  Tennessee Valley Authority (Part 7901)
     LXXIV  Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (Part 
                8401)
     LXXVI  Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Part 8601)
    LXXVII  Office of Management and Budget (Part 8701)

                          Title 6--[Reserved]

                         Title 7--Agriculture

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Agriculture 
                (Parts 0--26)
            Subtitle B--Regulations of the Department of 
                Agriculture
         I  Agricultural Marketing Service (Standards, 
                Inspections, Marketing Practices), Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 27--209)
        II  Food and Consumer Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 210--299)
       III  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 400--499)
         V  Agricultural Research Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Natural Resources Conservation Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Farm Service Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                700--799)

[[Page 199]]

      VIII  Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards 
                Administration (Federal Grain Inspection Service), 
                Department of Agriculture (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 900--999)
         X  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Milk), Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 1000--1199)
        XI  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Miscellaneous Commodities), Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 1200--1299)
       XIV  Commodity Credit Corporation, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 1400--1499)
        XV  Foreign Agricultural Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 1500--1599)
       XVI  Rural Telephone Bank, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                1600--1699)
      XVII  Rural Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 1700--1799)
     XVIII  Rural Housing Service, Rural Business-Cooperative 
                Service, Rural Utilities Service, and Farm Service 
                Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1800--
                2099)
      XXVI  Office of Inspector General, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 2600--2699)
     XXVII  Office of Information Resources Management, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 2700--2799)
    XXVIII  Office of Operations, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                2800--2899)
      XXIX  Office of Energy, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                2900--2999)
       XXX  Office of Finance and Management, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3000--3099)
      XXXI  Office of Environmental Quality, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3100--3199)
     XXXII  [Reserved]
    XXXIII  Office of Transportation, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3300--3399)
     XXXIV  Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension 
                Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3400--
                3499)
     XXXVI  National Agricultural Statistics Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 3600--3699)
    XXXVII  Economic Research Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3700--3799)
   XXXVIII  World Agricultural Outlook Board, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3800--3899)
     XXXIX  Economic Analysis Staff, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3900--3999)
        XL  Economics Management Staff, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 4000--4099)
       XLI  [Reserved]
      XLII  Rural Business-Cooperative Service and Rural Utilities 
                Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 4200--
                4299)

[[Page 200]]

                    Title 8--Aliens and Nationality

         I  Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of 
                Justice (Parts 1--499)

                 Title 9--Animals and Animal Products

         I  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 1--199)
        II  Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards 
                Administration (Packers and Stockyards Programs), 
                Department of Agriculture (Parts 200--299)
       III  Food Safety and Inspection Service, Meat and Poultry 
                Inspection, Department of Agriculture (Parts 300--
                399)

                           Title 10--Energy

         I  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 0--199)
        II  Department of Energy (Parts 200--699)
       III  Department of Energy (Parts 700--999)
         X  Department of Energy (General Provisions) (Parts 
                1000--1099)
        XI  United States Enrichment Corporation (Parts 1100--
                1199)
        XV  Office of the Federal Inspector for the Alaska Natural 
                Gas Transportation System (Parts 1500--1599)
      XVII  Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (Parts 1700--
                1799)

                      Title 11--Federal Elections

         I  Federal Election Commission (Parts 1--9099)

                      Title 12--Banks and Banking

         I  Comptroller of the Currency, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 1--199)
        II  Federal Reserve System (Parts 200--299)
       III  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 400--
                499)
         V  Office of Thrift Supervision, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Farm Credit Administration (Parts 600--699)
       VII  National Credit Union Administration (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Federal Financing Bank (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Federal Housing Finance Board (Parts 900--999)
        XI  Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
       XIV  Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 1400--
                1499)
        XV  Thrift Depositor Protection Oversight Board (Parts 
                1500--1599)
      XVII  Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                1700-1799)
     XVIII  Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, 
                Department of the Treasury (Parts 1800--1899)

[[Page 201]]

               Title 13--Business Credit and Assistance

         I  Small Business Administration (Parts 1--199)
       III  Economic Development Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)

                    Title 14--Aeronautics and Space

         I  Federal Aviation Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1--199)
        II  Office of the Secretary, Department of Transportation 
                (Aviation Proceedings) (Parts 200--399)
       III  Commercial Space Transportation, Federal Aviation 
                Administration, Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 400--499)
         V  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                1200--1299)

                 Title 15--Commerce and Foreign Trade

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Commerce (Parts 
                0--29)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Commerce and 
                Foreign Trade
         I  Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                30--199)
        II  National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 200--299)
       III  International Trade Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Foreign-Trade Zones Board, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 400--499)
       VII  Bureau of Export Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 800--899)
        IX  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 900--999)
        XI  Technology Administration, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
      XIII  East-West Foreign Trade Board (Parts 1300--1399)
       XIV  Minority Business Development Agency (Parts 1400--
                1499)
            Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade 
                Agreements
        XX  Office of the United States Trade Representative 
                (Parts 2000--2099)
            Subtitle D--Regulations Relating to Telecommunications 
                and Information
     XXIII  National Telecommunications and Information 
                Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                2300--2399)

                    Title 16--Commercial Practices

         I  Federal Trade Commission (Parts 0--999)
        II  Consumer Product Safety Commission (Parts 1000--1799)

[[Page 202]]

             Title 17--Commodity and Securities Exchanges

         I  Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Parts 1--199)
        II  Securities and Exchange Commission (Parts 200--399)
        IV  Department of the Treasury (Parts 400--499)

          Title 18--Conservation of Power and Water Resources

         I  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Department of 
                Energy (Parts 1--399)
       III  Delaware River Basin Commission (Parts 400--499)
        VI  Water Resources Council (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Susquehanna River Basin Commission (Parts 800--899)
      XIII  Tennessee Valley Authority (Parts 1300--1399)

                       Title 19--Customs Duties

         I  United States Customs Service, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 1--199)
        II  United States International Trade Commission (Parts 
                200--299)
       III  International Trade Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)

                     Title 20--Employees' Benefits

         I  Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Department 
                of Labor (Parts 1--199)
        II  Railroad Retirement Board (Parts 200--399)
       III  Social Security Administration (Parts 400--499)
        IV  Employees' Compensation Appeals Board, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 500--599)
         V  Employment and Training Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 600--699)
        VI  Employment Standards Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 700--799)
       VII  Benefits Review Board, Department of Labor (Parts 
                800--899)
      VIII  Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries (Parts 
                900--999)
        IX  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans' 
                Employment and Training, Department of Labor 
                (Parts 1000--1099)

                       Title 21--Food and Drugs

         I  Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 1--1299)
        II  Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice 
                (Parts 1300--1399)
       III  Office of National Drug Control Policy (Parts 1400--
                1499)

                      Title 22--Foreign Relations

         I  Department of State (Parts 1--199)

[[Page 203]]

        II  Agency for International Development, International 
                Development Cooperation Agency (Parts 200--299)
       III  Peace Corps (Parts 300--399)
        IV  International Joint Commission, United States and 
                Canada (Parts 400--499)
         V  United States Information Agency (Parts 500--599)
        VI  United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 
                (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Overseas Private Investment Corporation, International 
                Development Cooperation Agency (Parts 700--799)
        IX  Foreign Service Grievance Board Regulations (Parts 
                900--999)
         X  Inter-American Foundation (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  International Boundary and Water Commission, United 
                States and Mexico, United States Section (Parts 
                1100--1199)
       XII  United States International Development Cooperation 
                Agency (Parts 1200--1299)
      XIII  Board for International Broadcasting (Parts 1300--
                1399)
       XIV  Foreign Service Labor Relations Board; Federal Labor 
                Relations Authority; General Counsel of the 
                Federal Labor Relations Authority; and the Foreign 
                Service Impasse Disputes Panel (Parts 1400--1499)
        XV  African Development Foundation (Parts 1500--1599)
       XVI  Japan-United States Friendship Commission (Parts 
                1600--1699)
      XVII  United States Institute of Peace (Parts 1700--1799)

                          Title 23--Highways

         I  Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1--999)
        II  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and 
                Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1200--1299)
       III  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 1300--1399)

                Title 24--Housing and Urban Development

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of 
                Housing and Urban Development (Parts 0--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban 
                Development
         I  Office of Assistant Secretary for Equal Opportunity, 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                100--199)
        II  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing-Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 200--299)
       III  Government National Mortgage Association, Department 
                of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 300--399)
         V  Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning 
                and Development, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 500--599)

[[Page 204]]

        VI  Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning 
                and Development, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 600--699) [Reserved]
       VII  Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Housing Assistance Programs and 
                Public and Indian Housing Programs) (Parts 700--
                799)
      VIII  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Section 8 Housing Assistance 
                Programs and Section 202 Direct Loan Program) 
                (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Office of Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian 
                Housing, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 900--999)
         X  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Interstate Land Sales 
                Registration Program) (Parts 1700--1799)
       XII  Office of Inspector General, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 2000--2099)
        XX  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 3200--3699)
       XXV  Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (Parts 4100--
                4199)

                           Title 25--Indians

         I  Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--299)
        II  Indian Arts and Crafts Board, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 300--399)
       III  National Indian Gaming Commission, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 500--599)
        IV  Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation (Parts 
                700--799)
         V  Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, 
                and Indian Health Service, Department of Health 
                and Human Services (Part 900)
        VI  Office of the Assistant Secretary-Indian Affairs, 
                Department of the Interior (Part 1001)

                      Title 26--Internal Revenue

         I  Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury 
                (Parts 1--799)

           Title 27--Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms

         I  Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Department of 
                the Treasury (Parts 1--299)

                   Title 28--Judicial Administration

         I  Department of Justice (Parts 0--199)
       III  Federal Prison Industries, Inc., Department of Justice 
                (Parts 300--399)

[[Page 205]]

         V  Bureau of Prisons, Department of Justice (Parts 500--
                599)
        VI  Offices of Independent Counsel, Department of Justice 
                (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Office of Independent Counsel (Parts 700--799)

                            Title 29--Labor

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Labor (Parts 
                0--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Labor
         I  National Labor Relations Board (Parts 100--199)
        II  Office of Labor-Management Programs, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 200--299)
       III  National Railroad Adjustment Board (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Labor-Management Standards, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 400--499)
         V  Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor (Parts 
                500--899)
        IX  Construction Industry Collective Bargaining Commission 
                (Parts 900--999)
         X  National Mediation Board (Parts 1200--1299)
       XII  Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (Parts 
                1400--1499)
       XIV  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Parts 1600--
                1699)
      XVII  Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 
                Department of Labor (Parts 1900--1999)
        XX  Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission 
                (Parts 2200--2499)
       XXV  Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration, 
                Department of Labor (Parts 2500--2599)
     XXVII  Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission 
                (Parts 2700--2799)
        XL  Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (Parts 4000--
                4999)

                      Title 30--Mineral Resources

         I  Mine Safety and Health Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 1--199)
        II  Minerals Management Service, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 200--299)
       III  Board of Surface Mining and Reclamation Appeals, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Geological Survey, Department of the Interior (Parts 
                400--499)
        VI  Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior (Parts 
                600--699)
       VII  Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 700--999)

                 Title 31--Money and Finance: Treasury

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Treasury 
                (Parts 0--50)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Money and Finance
         I  Monetary Offices, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                51--199)

[[Page 206]]

        II  Fiscal Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                200--399)
        IV  Secret Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                400--499)
         V  Office of Foreign Assets Control, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Department of 
                the Treasury (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Office of International Investment, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 800--899)

                      Title 32--National Defense

            Subtitle A--Department of Defense
         I  Office of the Secretary of Defense (Parts 1--399)
         V  Department of the Army (Parts 400--699)
        VI  Department of the Navy (Parts 700--799)
       VII  Department of the Air Force (Parts 800--1099)
            Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to National 
                Defense
       XII  Defense Logistics Agency (Parts 1200--1299)
       XVI  Selective Service System (Parts 1600--1699)
       XIX  Central Intelligence Agency (Parts 1900--1999)
        XX  Information Security Oversight Office, National 
                Archives and Records Administration (Parts 2000--
                2099)
       XXI  National Security Council (Parts 2100--2199)
      XXIV  Office of Science and Technology Policy (Parts 2400--
                2499)
     XXVII  Office for Micronesian Status Negotiations (Parts 
                2700--2799)
    XXVIII  Office of the Vice President of the United States 
                (Parts 2800--2899)
      XXIX  Presidential Commission on the Assignment of Women in 
                the Armed Forces (Part 2900)

               Title 33--Navigation and Navigable Waters

         I  Coast Guard, Department of Transportation (Parts 1--
                199)
        II  Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army (Parts 
                200--399)
        IV  Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 400--499)

                          Title 34--Education

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of 
                Education (Parts 1--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations of the Offices of the 
                Department of Education
         I  Office for Civil Rights, Department of Education 
                (Parts 100--199)
        II  Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, 
                Department of Education (Parts 200--299)

[[Page 207]]

       III  Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative 
                Services, Department of Education (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Vocational and Adult Education, Department 
                of Education (Parts 400--499)
         V  Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Languages 
                Affairs, Department of Education (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Office of Postsecondary Education, Department of 
                Education (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 
                Department of Education (Parts 700--799)
        XI  National Institute for Literacy (Parts 1100-1199)
            Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Education
       XII  National Council on Disability (Parts 1200--1299)

                        Title 35--Panama Canal

         I  Panama Canal Regulations (Parts 1--299)

             Title 36--Parks, Forests, and Public Property

         I  National Park Service, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--199)
        II  Forest Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 200--
                299)
       III  Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army (Parts 
                300--399)
        IV  American Battle Monuments Commission (Parts 400--499)
         V  Smithsonian Institution (Parts 500--599)
       VII  Library of Congress (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (Parts 800--
                899)
        IX  Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation (Parts 
                900--999)
        XI  Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance 
                Board (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 
                1200--1299)
       XIV  Assassination Records Review Board (Parts 1400-1499)

             Title 37--Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights

         I  Patent and Trademark Office, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 1--199)
        II  Copyright Office, Library of Congress (Parts 200--299)
        IV  Assistant Secretary for Technology Policy, Department 
                of Commerce (Parts 400--499)
         V  Under Secretary for Technology, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 500--599)

           Title 38--Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief

         I  Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 0--99)

[[Page 208]]

                       Title 39--Postal Service

         I  United States Postal Service (Parts 1--999)
       III  Postal Rate Commission (Parts 3000--3099)

                  Title 40--Protection of Environment

         I  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1--799)
         V  Council on Environmental Quality (Parts 1500--1599)

          Title 41--Public Contracts and Property Management

            Subtitle B--Other Provisions Relating to Public 
                Contracts
        50  Public Contracts, Department of Labor (Parts 50-1--50-
                999)
        51  Committee for Purchase From People Who Are Blind or 
                Severely Disabled (Parts 51-1--51-99)
        60  Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Equal 
                Employment Opportunity, Department of Labor (Parts 
                60-1--60-999)
        61  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans 
                Employment and Training, Department of Labor 
                (Parts 61-1--61-999)
            Subtitle C--Federal Property Management Regulations 
                System
       101  Federal Property Management Regulations (Parts 101-1--
                101-99)
       105  General Services Administration (Parts 105-1--105-999)
       109  Department of Energy Property Management Regulations 
                (Parts 109-1--109-99)
       114  Department of the Interior (Parts 114-1--114-99)
       115  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 115-1--115-99)
       128  Department of Justice (Parts 128-1--128-99)
            Subtitle D--Other Provisions Relating to Property 
                Management [Reserved]
            Subtitle E--Federal Information Resources Management 
                Regulations System
       201  Federal Information Resources Management Regulation 
                (Parts 201-1--201-99) [Reserved]
            Subtitle F--Federal Travel Regulation System
       301  Travel Allowances (Parts 301-1--301-99)
       302  Relocation Allowances (Parts 302-1--302-99)
       303  Payment of Expenses Connected with the Death of 
                Certain Employees (Parts 303-1--303-2)
       304  Payment from a Non-Federal Source for Travel Expenses 
                (Parts 304-1--304-99)

                        Title 42--Public Health

         I  Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human 
                Services (Parts 1--199)
        IV  Health Care Financing Administration, Department of 
                Health and Human Services (Parts 400--499)
         V  Office of Inspector General-Health Care, Department of 
                Health and Human Services (Parts 1000--1999)

[[Page 209]]

                   Title 43--Public Lands: Interior

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--199)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Lands
         I  Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 200--499)
        II  Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1000--9999)
       III  Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation 
                Commission (Parts 10000--10005)

             Title 44--Emergency Management and Assistance

         I  Federal Emergency Management Agency (Parts 0--399)
        IV  Department of Commerce and Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 400--499)

                       Title 45--Public Welfare

            Subtitle A--Department of Health and Human Services, 
                General Administration (Parts 1--199)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Welfare
        II  Office of Family Assistance (Assistance Programs), 
                Administration for Children and Families, 
                Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 
                200--299)
       III  Office of Child Support Enforcement (Child Support 
                Enforcement Program), Administration for Children 
                and Families, Department of Health and Human 
                Services (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Refugee Resettlement, Administration for 
                Children and Families Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 400--499)
         V  Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United 
                States, Department of Justice (Parts 500--599)
        VI  National Science Foundation (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Commission on Civil Rights (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 800--899)
         X  Office of Community Services, Administration for 
                Children and Families, Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  ACTION (Parts 1200--1299)
      XIII  Office of Human Development Services, Department of 
                Health and Human Services (Parts 1300--1399)
       XVI  Legal Services Corporation (Parts 1600--1699)
      XVII  National Commission on Libraries and Information 
                Science (Parts 1700--1799)
     XVIII  Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation (Parts 1800--
                1899)
       XXI  Commission on Fine Arts (Parts 2100--2199)
      XXII  Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Jubilee Commission 
                (Parts 2200--2299)
     XXIII  Arctic Research Commission (Part 2301)

[[Page 210]]

      XXIV  James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (Parts 
                2400--2499)
       XXV  Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 
                2500--2599)

                          Title 46--Shipping

         I  Coast Guard, Department of Transportation (Parts 1--
                199)
        II  Maritime Administration, Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 200--399)
       III  Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (Great 
                Lakes Pilotage), Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 400--499)
        IV  Federal Maritime Commission (Parts 500--599)

                      Title 47--Telecommunication

         I  Federal Communications Commission (Parts 0--199)
        II  Office of Science and Technology Policy and National 
                Security Council (Parts 200--299)
       III  National Telecommunications and Information 
                Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                300--399)

           Title 48--Federal Acquisition Regulations System

         1  Federal Acquisition Regulation (Parts 1--99)
         2  Department of Defense (Parts 200--299)
         3  Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 300--
                399)
         4  Department of Agriculture (Parts 400--499)
         5  General Services Administration (Parts 500--599)
         6  Department of State (Parts 600--699)
         7  Agency for International Development (Parts 700--799)
         8  Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 800--899)
         9  Department of Energy (Parts 900--999)
        10  Department of the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099)
        12  Department of Transportation (Parts 1200--1299)
        13  Department of Commerce (Parts 1300--1399)
        14  Department of the Interior (Parts 1400--1499)
        15  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1500--1599)
        16  Office of Personnel Management Federal Employees 
                Health Benefits Acquisition Regulation (Parts 
                1600--1699)
        17  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1700--1799)
        18  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                1800--1899)
        19  United States Information Agency (Parts 1900--1999)
        20  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 2000--2099)
        21  Office of Personnel Management, Federal Employees 
                Group Life Insurance Federal Acquisition 
                Regulation (Parts 2100--2199)
        23  Social Security Administration (Parts 2300--2399)

[[Page 211]]

        24  Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                2400--2499)
        25  National Science Foundation (Parts 2500--2599)
        28  Department of Justice (Parts 2800--2899)
        29  Department of Labor (Parts 2900--2999)
        34  Department of Education Acquisition Regulation (Parts 
                3400--3499)
        35  Panama Canal Commission (Parts 3500--3599)
        44  Federal Emergency Management Agency (Parts 4400--4499)
        51  Department of the Army Acquisition Regulations (Parts 
                5100--5199)
        52  Department of the Navy Acquisition Regulations (Parts 
                5200--5299)
        53  Department of the Air Force Federal Acquisition 
                Regulation Supplement (Parts 5300--5399)
        54  Defense Logistics Agency, Department of Defense (Part 
                5452)
        57  African Development Foundation (Parts 5700--5799)
        61  General Services Administration Board of Contract 
                Appeals (Parts 6100--6199)
        63  Department of Transportation Board of Contract Appeals 
                (Parts 6300--6399)
        99  Cost Accounting Standards Board, Office of Federal 
                Procurement Policy, Office of Management and 
                Budget (Parts 9900--9999)

                       Title 49--Transportation

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Transportation 
                (Parts 1--99)
            Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to 
                Transportation
         I  Research and Special Programs Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 100--199)
        II  Federal Railroad Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 200--299)
       III  Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Coast Guard, Department of Transportation (Parts 400--
                499)
         V  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Federal Transit Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 600--699)
       VII  National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK) 
                (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  National Transportation Safety Board (Parts 800--999)
         X  Surface Transportation Board, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1000--1399)

[[Page 212]]

                   Title 50--Wildlife and Fisheries

         I  United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of 
                the Interior (Parts 1--199)
        II  National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 200--299)
       III  International Regulatory Agencies (Fishing and 
                Whaling) (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Joint Regulations (United States Fish and Wildlife 
                Service, Department of the Interior and National 
                Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and 
                Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce); Endangered Species Committee 
                Regulations (Parts 400--499)
         V  Marine Mammal Commission (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Fishery Conservation and Management, National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 600--699)

                      CFR Index and Finding Aids

            Subject/Agency Index
            List of Agency Prepared Indexes
            Parallel Tables of Statutory Authorities and Rules
            Acts Requiring Publication in the Federal Register
            List of CFR Titles, Chapters, Subchapters, and Parts
            Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR



[[Page 213]]





           Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR



                   (Revised as of September 30, 1996)

                                                  CFR Title, Subtitle or
                     Agency                               Chapter

ACTION                                            45, XII
Administrative Committee of the Federal Register  1, I
Advanced Research Projects Agency                 32, I
Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental          5, VII
     Relations
Advisory Committee on Federal Pay                 5, IV
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation         36, VIII
African Development Foundation                    22, XV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 57
Agency for International Development              22, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 7
Agricultural Marketing Service                    7, I, IX, X, XI
Agricultural Research Service                     7, V
Agriculture Department
  Agricultural Marketing Service                  7, I, IX, X, XI
  Agricultural Research Service                   7, V
  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service      7, III; 9, I
  Commodity Credit Corporation                    7, XIV
  Cooperative State Research, Education, and      7, XXXIV
       Extension Service
  Economic Analysis Staff                         7, XXXIX
  Economic Research Service                       7, XXXVII
  Economics Management Staff                      7, XL
  Energy, Office of                               7, XXIX
  Environmental Quality, Office of                7, XXXI
  Farm Service Agency                             7, VII, XVIII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 4
  Federal Crop Insurance Corporation              7, IV
  Finance and Management, Office of               7, XXX
  Food and Consumer Service                       7, II
  Food Safety and Inspection Service              9, III
  Foreign Agricultural Service                    7, XV
  Forest Service                                  36, II
  Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards        7, VIII; 9, II
       Administration
  Information Resources Management, Office of     7, XXVII
  Inspector General, Office of                    7, XXVI
  National Agricultural Library                   7, XLI
  National Agricultural Statistics Service        7, XXXVI
  Natural Resources Conservation Service          7, VI
  Operations, Office of                           7, XXVIII
  Rural Business-Cooperative Service              7, XVIII, XLII
  Rural Development Administration                7, XLII
  Rural Housing Service                           7, XVIII
  Rural Telephone Bank                            7, XVI
  Rural Utilities Service                         7, XVII, XVIII, XLII
  Secretary of Agriculture, Office of             7, Subtitle A
  Transportation, Office of                       7, XXXIII
  World Agricultural Outlook Board                7, XXXVIII
Air Force Department                              32, VII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement       48, 53
Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System, Office  10, XV
     of the Federal Inspector
Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Bureau of          27, I
AMTRAK                                            49, VII

[[Page 214]]

American Battle Monuments Commission              36, IV
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service        7, III; 9, I
Appalachian Regional Commission                   5, IX
Architectural and Transportation Barriers         36, XI
     Compliance Board
Arctic Research Commission                        45, XXIII
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, United       22, VI
     States
Army Department                                   32, V
  Engineers, Corps of                             33, II; 36, III
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 51
Assassination Records Review Board                36, XIV
Benefits Review Board                             20, VII
Bilingual Education and Minority Languages        34, V
     Affairs, Office of
Blind or Severely Disabled, Committee for         41, 51
     Purchase From People Who Are
Board for International Broadcasting              22, XIII
Census Bureau                                     15, I
Central Intelligence Agency                       32, XIX
Child Support Enforcement, Office of              45, III
Children and Families, Administration for         45, II, III, IV, X
Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Jubilee        45, XXII
     Commission
Civil Rights, Commission on                       45, VII
Civil Rights, Office for                          34, I
Coast Guard                                       33, I; 46, I; 49, IV
Commerce Department                               44, IV
  Census Bureau                                   15, I`
  Economic Affairs, Under Secretary               37, V
  Economic Analysis, Bureau of                    15, VIII
  Economic Development Administration             13, III
  Emergency Management and Assistance             44, IV
  Export Administration, Bureau of                15, VII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 13
  Fishery Conservation and Management             50, VI
  Foreign-Trade Zones Board                       15, IV
  International Trade Administration              15, III; 19, III
  National Institute of Standards and Technology  15, II
  National Marine Fisheries Service               50, II, IV
  National Oceanic and Atmospheric                15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, 
       Administration                             VI
  National Telecommunications and Information     15, XXIII; 47, III
       Administration
  National Weather Service                        15, IX
  Patent and Trademark Office                     37, I
  Productivity, Technology and Innovation,        37, IV
       Assistant Secretary for
  Secretary of Commerce, Office of                15, Subtitle A
  Technology, Under Secretary for                 37, V
  Technology Administration                       15, XI
  Technology Policy, Assistant Secretary for      37, IV
Commercial Space Transportation                   14, III
Commodity Credit Corporation                      7, XIV
Commodity Futures Trading Commission              5, XLI; 17, I
Community Planning and Development, Office of     24, V, VI
     Assistant Secretary for
Community Services, Office of                     45, X
Comptroller of the Currency                       12, I
Construction Industry Collective Bargaining       29, IX
     Commission
Consumer Product Safety Commission                16, II
Cooperative State Research, Education, and        7, XXXIV
     Extension Service
Copyright Office                                  37, II
Cost Accounting Standards Board                   48, 99
Council on Environmental Quality                  40, V
Customs Service, United States                    19, I
Defense Contract Audit Agency                     32, I
Defense Department                                5, XXVI; 32, Subtitle A
  Advanced Research Projects Agency               32, I
  Air Force Department                            32, VII
  Army Department                                 32, V; 33, II; 36, III, 
                                                  48, 51

[[Page 215]]

  Defense Intelligence Agency                     32, I
  Defense Logistics Agency                        32, I, XII; 48, 54
  Defense Mapping Agency                          32, I
  Engineers, Corps of                             33, II; 36, III
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 2
  Navy Department                                 32, VI; 48, 52
  Secretary of Defense, Office of                 32, I
Defense Contract Audit Agency                     32, I
Defense Intelligence Agency                       32, I
Defense Logistics Agency                          32, XII; 48, 54
Defense Mapping Agency                            32, I
Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board           10, XVII
Delaware River Basin Commission                   18, III
Drug Enforcement Administration                   21, II
East-West Foreign Trade Board                     15, XIII
Economic Affairs, Under Secretary                 37, V
Economic Analysis, Bureau of                      15, VIII
Economic Analysis Staff                           7, XXXIX
Economic Development Administration               13, III
Economics Management Staff                        7, XL
Economic Research Service                         7, XXXVII
Education, Department of                          5, LIII
  Bilingual Education and Minority Languages      34, V
       Affairs, Office of
  Civil Rights, Office for                        34, I
  Educational Research and Improvement, Office    34, VII
       of
  Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of   34, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 34
  Postsecondary Education, Office of              34, VI
  Secretary of Education, Office of               34, Subtitle A
  Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,  34, III
       Office of
  Vocational and Adult Education, Office of       34, IV
Educational Research and Improvement, Office of   34, VII
Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of     34, II
Employees' Compensation Appeals Board             20, IV
Employees Loyalty Board                           5, V
Employment and Training Administration            20, V
Employment Standards Administration               20, VI
Endangered Species Committee                      50, IV
Energy, Department of                             5, XXIII; 10, II, III, X
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 9
  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission            5, XXIV; 18, I
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 109
Energy, Office of                                 7, XXIX
Engineers, Corps of                               33, II; 36, III
Engraving and Printing, Bureau of                 31, VI
Enrichment Corporation, United States             10, XI
Environmental Protection Agency                   5, LIV; 40, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 15
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 115
Environmental Quality, Office of                  7, XXXI
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission           5, LXII; 29, XIV
Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant Secretary  24, I
     for
Executive Office of the President                 3, I
  Administration, Office of                       5, XV
  Environmental Quality, Council on               40, V
  Management and Budget, Office of                25, III, LXXVII; 48, 99
  National Drug Control Policy, Office of         21, III
  National Security Council                       32, XXI; 47, 2
  Presidential Documents                          3
  Science and Technology Policy, Office of        32, XXIV; 47, II
  Trade Representative, Office of the United      15, XX
       States
Export Administration, Bureau of                  15, VII
Export-Import Bank of the United States           5, LII; 12, IV
Family Assistance, Office of                      45, II
Farm Credit Administration                        5, XXXI; 12, VI
Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation          5, XXX; 12, XIV

[[Page 216]]

Farm Service Agency                               7, VII, XVIII
Farmers Home Administration                       7, XVIII
Federal Acquisition Regulation                    48, 1
Federal Aviation Administration                   14, I
  Commercial Space Transportation                 14, III
Federal Claims Collection Standards               4, II
Federal Communications Commission                 47, I
Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office of   41, 60
Federal Crop Insurance Corporation                7, IV
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation             5, XXII; 12, III
Federal Election Commission                       11, I
Federal Emergency Management Agency               44, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 44
Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal    48, 21
     Acquisition Regulation
Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition     48, 16
     Regulation
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission              5, XXIV; 18, I
Federal Financial Institutions Examination        12, XI
     Council
Federal Financing Bank                            12, VIII
Federal Highway Administration                    23, I, II; 49, III
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation            1, IV
Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight Office       12, XVII
Federal Housing Finance Board                     12, IX
Federal Inspector for the Alaska Natural Gas      10, XV
     Transportation System, Office of
Federal Labor Relations Authority, and General    5, XIV; 22, XIV
     Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations 
     Authority
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center           31, VII
Federal Maritime Commission                       46, IV
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service        29, XII
Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission  5, LXXIV; 29, XXVII
Federal Pay, Advisory Committee on                5, IV
Federal Prison Industries, Inc.                   28, III
Federal Procurement Policy Office                 48, 99
Federal Property Management Regulations           41, 101
Federal Property Management Regulations System    41, Subtitle C
Federal Railroad Administration                   49, II
Federal Register, Administrative Committee of     1, I
Federal Register, Office of                       1, II
Federal Reserve System                            12, II
Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board        5, VI, LXXVI
Federal Service Impasses Panel                    5, XIV
Federal Trade Commission                          5, XLVII; 16, I
Federal Transit Administration                    49, VI
Federal Travel Regulation System                  41, Subtitle F
Finance and Management, Office of                 7, XXX
Fine Arts, Commission on                          45, XXI
Fiscal Service                                    31, II
Fish and Wildlife Service, United States          50, I, IV
Fishery Conservation and Management               50, VI
Fishing and Whaling, International Regulatory     50, III
     Agencies
Food and Drug Administration                      21, I
Food and Consumer Service                         7, II
Food Safety and Inspection Service                9, III
Foreign Agricultural Service                      7, XV
Foreign Assets Control, Office of                 31, V
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the       45, V
     United States
Foreign Service Grievance Board                   22, IX
Foreign Service Impasse Disputes Panel            22, XIV
Foreign Service Labor Relations Board             22, XIV
Foreign-Trade Zones Board                         15, IV
Forest Service                                    36, II
General Accounting Office                         4, I, II
General Services Administration
  Contract Appeals, Board of                      48, 61
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 5
  Federal Property Management Regulations System  41, 101, 105

[[Page 217]]

  Federal Travel Regulation System                41, Subtitle F
  Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel    41, 304
       Expenses
  Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death    41, 303
       of Certain Employees
  Relocation Allowances                           41, 302
  Travel Allowances                               41, 301
Geological Survey                                 30, IV
Government Ethics, Office of                      5, XVI
Government National Mortgage Association          24, III
Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards          7, VIII; 9, II
     Administration
Great Lakes Pilotage                              46, III
Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation            45, XVIII
Health and Human Services, Department of          5, XLV; 45, Subtitle A
  Child Support Enforcement, Office of            45, III
  Children and Families, Administration for       45, II, III, IV, X
  Community Services, Office of                   45, X
  Family Assistance, Office of                    45, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 3
  Food and Drug Administration                    21, I
  Health Care Financing Administration            42, IV
  Human Development Services, Office of           45, XIII
  Indian Health Service                           25, V
  Inspector General (Health Care), Office of      42, V
  Public Health Service                           42, I
  Refugee Resettlement, Office of                 45, IV
Health Care Financing Administration              42, IV
Housing and Urban Development, Department of      5, LXV; 24, Subtitle B
  Community Planning and Development, Office of   24, V, VI
       Assistant Secretary for
  Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant          24, I
       Secretary for
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 24
  Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, Office    12, XVII
       of
  Government National Mortgage Association        24, III
  Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office   24, II, VIII, X, XX
       of Assistant Secretary for
  Inspector General, Office of                    24, XII
  Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant  24, IX
       Secretary for
  Secretary, Office of                            24, Subtitle A, VII
Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office of  24, II, VIII, X, XX
     Assistant Secretary for
Human Development Services, Office of             45, XIII
Immigration and Naturalization Service            8, I
Independent Counsel, Office of                    28, VII
Indian Affairs, Bureau of                         25, I, V
Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant           25, VI
     Secretary
Indian Arts and Crafts Board                      25, II
Indian Health Service                             25, V
Information Agency, United States                 22, V
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 19
Information Resources Management, Office of       7, XXVII
Information Security Oversight Office, National   32, XX
     Archives and Records Administration
Inspector General
  Agriculture Department                          7, XXVI
  Health and Human Services Department            42, V
  Housing and Urban Development Department        24, XII
Institute of Peace, United States                 22, XVII
Inter-American Foundation                         5, LXIII; 22, X
Intergovernmental Relations, Advisory Commission  5, VII
     on
Interior Department
  Endangered Species Committee                    50, IV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 14
  Federal Property Management Regulations System  41, 114
  Fish and Wildlife Service, United States        50, I, IV
  Geological Survey                               30, IV
  Indian Affairs, Bureau of                       25, I, V
  Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant         25, VI
     Secretary
[[Page 218]]

  Indian Arts and Crafts Board                    25, II
  Land Management, Bureau of                      43, II
  Minerals Management Service                     30, II
  Mines, Bureau of                                30, VI
  National Indian Gaming Commission               25, III
  National Park Service                           36, I
  Reclamation, Bureau of                          43, I
  Secretary of the Interior, Office of            43, Subtitle A
  Surface Mining and Reclamation Appeals, Board   30, III
       of
  Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement,     30, VII
       Office of
Internal Revenue Service                          26, I
International Boundary and Water Commission,      22, XI
     United States and Mexico, United States 
     Section
International Development, Agency for             22, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 7
International Development Cooperation Agency,     22, XII
     United States
  International Development, Agency for           22, II; 48, 7
  Overseas Private Investment Corporation         5, XXXIII; 22, VII
International Investment, Office of               31, VIII
International Joint Commission, United States     22, IV
     and Canada
International Organizations Employees Loyalty     5, V
     Board
International Regulatory Agencies (Fishing and    50, III
     Whaling)
International Trade Administration                15, III; 19, III
International Trade Commission, United States     19, II
Interstate Commerce Commission                    5, XL
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation      45, XXIV
Japan-United States Friendship Commission         22, XVI
Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries       20, VIII
Justice Department                                28, I
  Drug Enforcement Administration                 21, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 28
  Federal Claims Collection Standards             4, II
  Federal Prison Industries, Inc.                 28, III
  Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the     45, V
       United States
  Immigration and Naturalization Service          8, I
  Offices of Independent Counsel                  28, VI
  Prisons, Bureau of                              28, V
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 128
Labor Department
  Benefits Review Board                           20, VII
  Employees' Compensation Appeals Board           20, IV
  Employment and Training Administration          20, V
  Employment Standards Administration             20, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 29
  Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office    41, 60
       of
  Federal Procurement Regulations System          41, 50
  Labor-Management Relations and Cooperative      29, II
       Programs, Bureau of
  Labor-Management Programs, Office of            29, IV
  Mine Safety and Health Administration           30, I
  Occupational Safety and Health Administration   29, XVII
  Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration     29, XXV
  Public Contracts                                41, 50
  Secretary of Labor, Office of                   29, Subtitle A
  Veterans' Employment and Training, Office of    41, 61; 20, IX
       the Assistant Secretary for
  Wage and Hour Division                          29, V
  Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of       20, I
Labor-Management Relations and Cooperative        29, II
     Programs, Bureau of
Labor-Management Programs, Office of              29, IV
Land Management, Bureau of                        43, II
Legal Services Corporation                        45, XVI
Library of Congress                               36, VII
  Copyright Office                                37, II

[[Page 219]]

Management and Budget, Office of                  5, III, LXXVII; 48, 99
Marine Mammal Commission                          50, V
Maritime Administration                           46, II
Merit Systems Protection Board                    5, II
Micronesian Status Negotiations, Office for       32, XXVII
Mine Safety and Health Administration             30, I
Minerals Management Service                       30, II
Mines, Bureau of                                  30, VI
Minority Business Development Agency              15, XIV
Miscellaneous Agencies                            1, IV
Monetary Offices                                  31, I
National Aeronautics and Space Administration     5, LIX; 14, V
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 18
National Agricultural Library                     7, XLI
National Agricultural Statistics Service          7, XXXVI
National Archives and Records Administration      5, LXVI; 36, XII
  Information Security Oversight Office           32, XX
National Bureau of Standards                      15, II
National Capital Planning Commission              1, IV
National Commission for Employment Policy         1, IV
National Commission on Libraries and Information  45, XVII
     Science
National and Community Service, Corporation for   45, XXV
National Council on Disability                    34, XII
National Credit Union Administration              12, VII
National Drug Control Policy, Office of           21, III
National Foundation on the Arts and the           45, XI
     Humanities
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration    23, II, III; 49, V
National Indian Gaming Commission                 25, III
National Institute for Literacy                   34, XI
National Institute of Standards and Technology    15, II
National Labor Relations Board                    29, I
National Marine Fisheries Service                 50, II, IV
National Mediation Board                          29, X
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration   15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, 
                                                  VI
National Park Service                             36, I
National Railroad Adjustment Board                29, III
National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK)  49, VII
National Science Foundation                       45, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 25
National Security Council                         32, XXI
National Security Council and Office of Science   47, II
     and Technology Policy
National Telecommunications and Information       15, XXIII; 47, III
     Administration
National Transportation Safety Board              49, VIII
National Weather Service                          15, IX
Natural Resources Conservation Service            7, VI
Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation, Office of      25, IV
Navy Department                                   32, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 52
Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation             24, XXV
Nuclear Regulatory Commission                     5, XLVIII; 10, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 20
Occupational Safety and Health Administration     29, XVII
Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission  29, XX
Offices of Independent Counsel                    28, VI
Operations Office                                 7, XXVIII
Overseas Private Investment Corporation           5, XXXIII; 22, VII
Panama Canal Commission                           48, 35
Panama Canal Regulations                          35, I
Patent and Trademark Office                       37, I
Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel      41, 304
     Expenses
Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death of   41, 303
     Certain Employees
Peace Corps                                       22, III
Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation       36, IX
Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration       29, XXV

[[Page 220]]

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation              29, XL
Personnel Management, Office of                   5, I; 45, VIII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 17
  Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal  48, 21
       Acquisition Regulation
  Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition   48, 16
       Regulation
Postal Rate Commission                            5, XLVI; 39, III
Postal Service, United States                     5, LX; 39, I
Postsecondary Education, Office of                34, VI
President's Commission on White House             1, IV
     Fellowships
Presidential Commission on the Assignment of      32, XXIX
     Women in the Armed Forces
Presidential Documents                            3
Prisons, Bureau of                                28, V
Productivity, Technology and Innovation,          37, IV
     Assistant Secretary
Public Contracts, Department of Labor             41, 50
Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant    24, IX
     Secretary for
Public Health Service                             42, I
Railroad Retirement Board                         20, II
Reclamation, Bureau of                            43, I
Refugee Resettlement, Office of                   45, IV
Regional Action Planning Commissions              13, V
Relocation Allowances                             41, 302
Research and Special Programs Administration      49, I
Rural Business-Cooperative Service                7, XVIII, XLII
Rural Development Administration                  7, XLII
Rural Housing Service                             7, XVIII
Rural Telephone Bank                              7, XVI
Rural Utilities Service                           7, XVII, XVIII, XLII
Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation     33, IV; 46, III
Science and Technology Policy, Office of          32, XXIV
Science and Technology Policy, Office of, and     47, II
     National Security Council
Secret Service                                    31, IV
Securities and Exchange Commission                17, II
Selective Service System                          32, XVI
Small Business Administration                     13, I
Smithsonian Institution                           36, V
Social Security Administration                    20, III; 48, 23
Soldiers' and Airmen's Home, United States        5, XI
Special Counsel, Office of                        5, VIII
Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,    34, III
     Office of
State Department                                  22, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 6
Surface Mining and Reclamation Appeals, Board of  30, III
Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement,       30, VII
     Office of
Surface Transportation Board                      49, X
Susquehanna River Basin Commission                18, VIII
Technology Administration                         15, XI
Technology Policy, Assistant Secretary for        37, IV
Technology, Under Secretary for                   37, V
Tennessee Valley Authority                        5, LXIX; 18, XIII
Thrift Depositor Protection Oversight Board       12, XV
Thrift Supervision Office, Department of the      12, V
     Treasury
Trade Representative, United States, Office of    15, XX
Transportation, Department of                     5, L
  Coast Guard                                     33, I; 46, I; 49, IV
  Commercial Space Transportation                 14, III
  Contract Appeals, Board of                      48, 63
  Emergency Management and Assistance             44, IV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 12
  Federal Aviation Administration                 14, I
  Federal Highway Administration                  23, I, II; 49, III
  Federal Railroad Administration                 49, II
  Federal Transit Administration                  49, VI
  Maritime Administration                         46, II

[[Page 221]]

  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration  23, II, III; 49, V
  Research and Special Programs Administration    49, I
  Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation   33, IV; 46, III
  Secretary of Transportation, Office of          14, II; 49, Subtitle A
  Surface Transportation Board                    49, X
Transportation, Office of                         7, XXXIII
Travel Allowances                                 41, 301
Treasury Department                               5, XXI; 17, IV
  Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Bureau of        27, I
  Community Development Financial Institutions    12, XVIII
       Fund
  Comptroller of the Currency                     12, I
  Customs Service, United States                  19, I
  Engraving and Printing, Bureau of               31, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 10
  Federal Law Enforcement Training Center         31, VII
  Fiscal Service                                  31, II
  Foreign Assets Control, Office of               31, V
  Internal Revenue Service                        26, I
  International Investment, Office of             31, VIII
  Monetary Offices                                31, I
  Secret Service                                  31, IV
  Secretary of the Treasury, Office of            31, Subtitle A
  Thrift Supervision, Office of                   12, V
Truman, Harry S. Scholarship Foundation           45, XVIII
United States and Canada, International Joint     22, IV
     Commission
United States and Mexico, International Boundary  22, XI
     and Water Commission, United States Section
United States Enrichment Corporation              10, XI
Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation      43, III
     Commission
Veterans Affairs Department                       38, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 8
Veterans' Employment and Training, Office of the  41, 61; 20, IX
     Assistant Secretary for
Vice President of the United States, Office of    32, XXVIII
Vocational and Adult Education, Office of         34, IV
Wage and Hour Division                            29, V
Water Resources Council                           18, VI
Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of         20, I
World Agricultural Outlook Board                  7, XXXVIII

[[Page 223]]



List of CFR Sections Affected


All changes in this volume of the Code of Federal Regulations which were 
made by documents published in the Federal Register since January 1, 
1986, are enumerated in the following list. Entries indicate the nature 
of the changes effected. Page numbers refer to Federal Register pages. 
The user should consult the entries for chapters and parts as well as 
sections for revisions.
For the period before January 1, 1986, see the ``List of CFR Sections 
Affected, 1949-1963, 1964-1972, and 1973-1985'' published in seven 
separate volumes.

                                  1986

49 CFR
                                                                   51 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
192.7  (c) revised.................................................15334
192.55  (e) revised................................................15335
192.113  Table amended.............................................15335
192.223  Removed...................................................20297
192.225  Revised...................................................20297
192.227  (a) revised; (b) removed; (c) redesignated as (b).........20297
192.237  Removed...................................................20297
192.239  Removed...................................................20297
192.611  (e)(2) revised; eff. 10-31-86.............................34988
192.719  (a) revised...............................................41635
192.743  (b) revised...............................................41634
192  Appendixes A and B amended....................................15335
195.1  (b)(4) revised..............................................15007
    (b)(4) correctly revised.......................................20976
195.2  Amended.....................................................15007
195.3  (c)(1)(iii) amended; (c)(1) (iv) and (v) removed............15335
195.106  (b) introductory text revised; (e) table amended..........15335
195.214  Revised...................................................20297
195.222  Heading revised...........................................20297
195.401  (c)(2) revised............................................15008

                                  1987

49 CFR
                                                                   52 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
192  Authority citation revised....................................32800
192.5  (d)(2) revised..............................................32925
192.614  (b)(4) revised............................................32800
193  Authority citation revised......................................675
193.2801  Revised; eff. 1-8-88.......................................675
193.2901  Revised; eff. 1-8-88.......................................675

                                  1988

49 CFR
                                                                   53 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
190  Authority citation revised.....................................1635
190.209  (a)(1) revised.............................................1635
190.227  (a) revised................................................1635
191  Heading and authority citation revised........................24949
191.1  (a) amended.................................................24949
191.7  Revised.....................................................24949
191.23  Added......................................................24949
191.25  Added......................................................24949
    (b)(8) corrected...............................................29800
192  Authority citation revised.....................................1635
192.3  Amended......................................................1635
192.59  (a)(1) and (b)(1) revised...................................1635
192.63  (b) removed; (c), (d) and (e) redesignated as (b), (c) and 
        (d); eff. 10-24-88.........................................36793
192.161  (f) revised................................................1635
192.177  (a)(1) amended.............................................1635
192.191  (b) revised................................................1635
192.281  (e)(2) amended.............................................1635

[[Page 224]]

    (b)(3) removed; (b)(4) redesignated as (b)(3); eff. 10-24-88 
                                                                   36793
192.355  (b) introductory text revised..............................1635
192.503  (a)(1) revised.............................................1635
    (d) revised; eff. 10-17-88.....................................36029
192.507  Heading and introductory text revised......................1635
192.509  Heading and introductory text revised......................1635
192.605  (f) added; introductory text republished..................24950
    Correctly designated...........................................26560
192.625  (g) removed................................................1635
192  Appendixes A and B amended....................................36793
193  Authority citation revised....................................24950
193.2605  (c) added................................................24950
    Correctly designated...........................................26560
195  Authority citation revised....................................24950
195.50--195-63 (Subpart B)  Heading revised........................24950
195.50  Heading and introductory text revised......................24950
195.54  Revised....................................................24950
195.55  Added......................................................24950
    (b)(2) corrected...............................................29800
195.56  Added......................................................24950
    Heading corrected..............................................29800
195.58  Revised....................................................24951
195.402  (f) added.................................................24951
199  Added.........................................................47096

                                  1989

49 CFR
                                                                   54 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
190  Authority citation revised....................................32343
190.223  (a) revised...............................................32344
190.229  (d) redesignated as (e); new (d) added....................32344
191.5  (b) introductory text amended...............................40878
191.25  (a) amended; (b) (6) and (7) revised.......................32344
    (a) amended....................................................40878
192.57  Removed.....................................................5627
192.61  Removed.....................................................5627
192.63  (a) revised.................................................5627
    (a) amended....................................................32642
192.113  Table amended..............................................5627
192.117  Removed....................................................5627
192.119  Removed....................................................5628
192.125  (b) revised................................................5628
192.145  (a) removed; (b), (c) and (d) redesignated as (c), (d) 
        and (e); new (a) and (b) added..............................5628
192.147  (a) revised; (c) added.....................................5628
192.177  (b)(1) amended.............................................5628
192.275  (e) removed................................................5628
192.277  (a) removed; (b) and (c) redesignated as (a) and (b).......5628
192.279  Revised....................................................5628
192.503  (d) revised................................................5485
192.557  (d) introductory text and (1) revised; (d)(3) table Note 
        removed.....................................................5628
192.611  Revised...................................................24174
    Technical correction...........................................25716
192  Appendixes A and B amended..............................5628, 32345
    Appendix A amended.............................................27882
193  Authority citation revised....................................27882
193  Appendix A amended............................................27882
    Appendix A corrected...........................................31405
195.3  (c)(5) (iii), (iv), (v), and (ix) removed....................5628
    (c)(1)(ii) amended.............................................27882
    (c)(1)(iii) amended............................................32345
195.52  (b) amended................................................40878
195.56  (a) amended; (b) (6) and (7) revised.......................32344
    (a) amended....................................................40878
195.106  (e) table amended..........................................5628
199.1  (b) and (d) revised.........................................14923
    (d) revised....................................................53290
199.3  Amended.....................................................51850
199.7  Revised.....................................................51850
199.9  (b) revised.................................................51850
199.11  (b) through (e) revised....................................51850
199.15  (c) introductory text republished; (c) (3), (4) and (5) 
        revised....................................................51850

                                  1990

49 CFR
                                                                   55 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
198  Added.........................................................38691
199.9  Interpretative rule.........................................30003
199.17  (b) corrected................................................797

[[Page 225]]

                                  1991

49 CFR
                                                                   56 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
190  Technical correction..........................................33208
190.203  (d) revised...............................................31090
190.211  (a) revised...............................................31090
190.229  (d) revised...............................................63770
190.233  (a) revised...............................................31090
190.237  Added.....................................................31090
191.27  Added......................................................63770
192.1  (b)(3) added................................................63771
192.3  Amended.....................................................63771
192.603  (c) added.................................................31090
    Technical correction...........................................33208
192.612  Added.....................................................63771
193.2017  (b) revised..............................................31090
    Technical correction...........................................33208
195.0  Revised.....................................................26925
195.1  (a) and (b)(5) through (7) revised; (b)(8) added............26925
    (c) added......................................................50666
    (b)(4) revised.................................................63771
195.2  Amended.....................................................26925
    Amended........................................................63771
195.4  Revised.....................................................26925
195.8  Revised.....................................................26925
195.50  Introductory text and (b) revised..........................26925
195.52  (a) revised................................................26925
195.57  Added......................................................63771
195.102  Revised...................................................26925
195.111  Added.....................................................26926
195.116  (c) revised...............................................26926
195.306  (a) revised; (c) added....................................26926
195.401  (c) revised...............................................26926
195.402  (c)(7), (9), (12), (e)(2), (4), (5) and (7) revised.......26926
    (b) revised....................................................31090
    Technical correction...........................................33208
195.403  (a)(2) through (4) revised................................26926
195.410  (a)(2) revised............................................26926
195.413  Added.....................................................63771
195.414  Revised...................................................26926
195.418  (a) revised...............................................26927
195.440  Revised...................................................26927
199.1  (d) revised.................................................18987
199.7  (a) through (d) redesignated as (a)(1) through (4); 
        introductory text designated as (a); (b) added.............31091
    Technical correction...........................................33208
    Corrected......................................................41077

                                  1992

49 CFR
                                                                   57 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
199  Authority citation revised....................................31280
199.1  (d) revised.................................................31280
    Technical correction...........................................33392

                                  1993

49 CFR
                                                                   58 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
192.7  (b) revised.................................................14521
192.11  (a) amended................................................14521
192.55  (e) amended................................................14521
192.63  (a) introductory text and (1) revised......................14521
192.65  (a) revised................................................14521
192.113  Amended...................................................14521
192.147  (a) and (c) amended.......................................14521
192.153  (a) and (b) introductory text revised.....................14521
    (b) corrected..................................................45268
192.163  (e) revised...............................................14521
192.177  (b)(1) amended............................................14521
192.279  Amended...................................................14521
192.281  (b)(2) and (d)(1) amended.................................14521
192.283  (a)(1)(i), (ii) and (b)(1) revised........................14521
192.723  (b)(1) amended............................................54528
    (b)(2) revised.................................................54529
192.736  Added; eff. 10-18-93......................................48464
192  Appendix A revised............................................14521
    Appendix B amended.............................................14522
    Appendix A corrected....................................45268, 45269
193.2005  (c) amended..............................................14522
193.2013  (b) revised..............................................14522
193.2067  (b)(1) amended...........................................14522
193.2073  (b) amended..............................................14522
193.2109  (c) amended..............................................14522
193.2113  (b) amended..............................................14522
193.2123  (a) amended..............................................14522
193.2127  (a), (d) and (e) amended.................................14522
193.2141  Revised..................................................14522
193.2147  Amended..................................................14522
193.2149  (c) amended..............................................14522
193.2213  Amended..................................................14522
193.2229  (b)(3) amended...........................................14522
193.2307  (b) revised..............................................14522
193.2315  (d) amended..............................................14522
193.2319  (b) revised..............................................14522
193.2321  (b) and (d) amended......................................14522
193.2327  (a) revised..............................................14522
193.2427  (d) amended..............................................14522

[[Page 226]]

193.2433  (a)(2) revised...........................................14522
193.2805  (a)(2) revised...........................................14523
193.2811  Amended..................................................14522
193.2813  Amended..................................................14522
193.2817  (b) introductory text amended............................14522
193.2819  (a), (d) and (f) amended.................................14522
193.2821  (b) amended..............................................14522
193  Appendix A revised............................................14523
194  Added; interim..................................................253
195.3  (b) and (c) revised.........................................14523
195.106  (e) amended...............................................14524
195.110  (a) amended...............................................14524
195.118  (a) amended...............................................14524
198.11--198.13 (Subpart B)  Added..................................10988
199  Common preamble...............................................68194
    Authority citation revised.....................................68260
199.1  (a) amended.................................................68260
199.23  (a)(2) revised.............................................68260
199.25  Added......................................................68261

                                  1994

49 CFR
                                                                   59 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
190.9  Added.......................................................17280
192.3  Amended.....................................................17281
192.9  Revised.....................................................17281
192.150  Added.....................................................17281
192.453  Revised; eff. 2-11-95......................................6584
192.603  (b) revised; eff. 2-11-95..................................6584
192.605  Revised; eff. in part 2-11-95..............................6584
192.615  (d) redesignated as 192.616; eff. 2-11-95..................6585
192.616  Redesignated from 192.615(d); eff. 2-11-95.................6585
192.706  (a) removed; (b) introductory text, (1) and (2) 
        redesignated as introductory text, new (a) and new (b); 
        eff. 2-11-95................................................6585
192.723  Heading and (a) revised; eff. 2-11-95......................6585
192.727  Heading and (a) revised; eff. 2-11-95......................6585
192.729  Removed; eff. 2-11-95......................................6585
192.733  Removed; eff. 2-11-95......................................6585
192.737  Removed; eff. 2-11-95......................................6585
193.2015  Removed..................................................17281
195  Authority citation revised.............................17281, 41260
195.1  (b)(5), (7) and (8) revised; (b)(6) amended.................33395
    (b)(3) and (c) revised.........................................35470
195.2  Amended................................17281, 33395, 33396, 35471
195.3  (a) revised; (b)(1) through (5) and (c)(1) through (4) 
        redesignated as (b)(2) through (6) and (c)(2) through (5); 
        new (c)(2)(iii) and new (iv) redesignated as (c)(2)(v) and 
        (vi); new (b)(1), (c)(1), new (2)(iii) and new (iv) added 
                                                                   33396
195.5  (a)(1) and (4) revised......................................33396
195.8  Amended.....................................................17281
195.50  (f) revised................................................33396
195.52  (a)(3) revised.............................................33396
195.56  (a) amended................................................17281
195.58  Amended....................................................17281
195.106  (e) amended...............................................17281
    (b) revised....................................................33396
    (c) amended....................................................33397
195.112  (c) amended...............................................33396
195.120  Revised...................................................17281
195.204  Amended...................................................33397
195.212  (b)(3)(ii) amended........................................33396
195.228  (b) revised...............................................33397
195.234  (e) introductory text and (g) revised.....................33397
195.246  (b) revised...............................................33397
    (b) corrected..................................................36256
195.248  (a) table amended; (b) introductory text revised..........33397
    (a) corrected..................................................36256
195.260  (e) amended...............................................17281
195.262  (d) revised...............................................33397
195.300--195.310 (Subpart E)  Heading revised......................29384
195.300  Revised...................................................29384
195.302  Revised...................................................29384
    (b) and (c) introductory text revised..........................35471
195.303  Added.....................................................29384
195.304  (a) and (b) introductory text amended.....................29385
    (b) introductory text revised..................................33397
195.306  (b) introductory text revised......................29385, 41260
    (a) revised; (d) added.........................................35471
195.308  Amended...................................................29385
195.310  (a) amended...............................................29385
195.401  (c) revised...............................................35471
195.402  (c)(14) added..............................................6585
195.406  (a)(3) amended; (a)(5) revised............................29385

[[Page 227]]

    (a)(1) revised.................................................33397
195.412  (a) revised...............................................33397
195.413  (a) amended...............................................33396
195.414  (b) and (c) revised.......................................35471
195.416  (a) revised; (h) redesignated as (i); new (h) added.......33397
199  Authority citation revised......................62227, 62239, 62246
199  Heading revised................................................7430
199.1--199.25  Designated as Subpart A..............................7430
199.3  Amended.....................................................62227
199.11  (c) revised................................................62227
199.200--199.245 (Subpart B)  Added.................................7430
199.225  (a)(2), (b)(4)(ii) and (iii) redesignated as (a)(2)(i), 
        (b)(4)(iii) and (iv); (a)(2)(ii) and new (b)(4)(ii) added 
                                                                   62239
    (d)(1) revised.................................................62246

                                  1995

49 CFR
                                                                   60 FR
                                                                    Page
192  Compliance date suspension.....................................7133
    Authority citation revised..............................14650, 41828
    Technical correction...........................................43028
192.16  Added......................................................41828
      (a) revised..................................................63451
192.605  (b) introductory text and (c)(1)(v) revised; (c)(5) added
                                                                   14381
192.614  (c)(1) and (2) revised....................................14650
192.707  (b) revised...............................................14650
195  Authority citation revised....................................14650
195.410  (a)(2) revised; (b)(2)(i) amended.........................14650
195.442  Added.....................................................14651

                                  1996

  (Regulations published from January 1, 1996, through October 1, 1996)

49 CFR
                                                                   61 FR
                                                                    Page
190  Authority citation revised....................................18512
    Technical correction...........................................45905
    Heading revised................................................50908
    Authority citation revised.....................................50908
190.1  (a) revised.................................................18512
190.3  Revised.....................................................18513
190.7  (d) and (i) introductory text revised.......................18513
190.9  (b)(1)(i) revised...........................................18513
190.201  (a) revised...............................................18513
190.203  (a), (b)(1), (4) and (d) revised..........................18513
    (c) revised....................................................27792
190.205  Revised...................................................18513
    Correctly revised..............................................38403
190.207  (a) and (c) revised.......................................18513
190.209  Introductory text, (c) and (d) revised....................18513
    (a)(2) and (c) removed; (a)(3), (4) and (d) redesignated as 
new (a)(2), (3) and (c)............................................27792
190.211  (a), (b), (d) and (j) revised.............................18514
    (b), (c), (e) and (f) revised..................................27792
190.213  (a), (b)(4), (c) introductory text and (e) revised........18514
190.215  Revised...................................................18514
    (d) revised....................................................27792
190.217  Revised...................................................18514
190.219  (a) revised...............................................18514
190.221  Revised...................................................18515
190.223  (a), (b) and (c) revised..................................18515
    (a) corrected..................................................38403
190.225  Introductory text revised.................................18515
190.227  (c) and (d) revised.......................................18515
    Revised........................................................27792
190.229  (a) through (d) revised...................................18515
190.231  Revised...................................................18515
190.233  (a), (b), (c)(2), (4), (d), (e) introductory text, (5), 
        (g) and (h) revised........................................18515
190.235  Revised...................................................18516
190.237  (a) revised...............................................18516
190.301--190.339 (Subpart C)  Added................................50909
191  Authority citation revised....................................18516
    Technical correction...........................................45905
191.1  (b)(1) revised..............................................27793
191.3  Amended.....................................................18516
191.19  Revised....................................................18516
191.25  (a) revised................................................18516
192  Authority citation revised....................................18516
    Technical correction....................................30824, 38403
192.1  (b)(1) revised; (b)(4) added................................28782
192.3  Amended.....................................................28783

[[Page 228]]

192.5  Revised.....................................................28783
    (c)(2) correctly revised.......................................35139
192.7  (a) revised.................................................28783
192.11  (b)(2) revised.............................................18516
    Revised........................................................28783
192.63  (a)(1) revised.............................................26122
    (a)(1) corrected...............................................36826
192.107  (b)(1)(ii) revised........................................28783
192.121  Revised...................................................28783
192.123  (b) revised...............................................28783
192.179  (a) introductory text revised.............................28784
192.189  (c) revised...............................................26122
192.203  (b)(2) revised............................................28784
192.227  (b) introductory text revised.............................18517
    (b) revised....................................................28784
192.229  (c) revised; (d) added....................................28784
192.241  (c) revised...............................................28784
192.243  (d)(4) revised............................................28784
192.281  (c)(3) redesignated as (c)(4); new (c)(3) added...........28784
192.283  (a)(1)(i) amended; (a)(1)(ii) revised; (a)(1)(iii) added 
                                                                   28784
192.317  (a) revised...............................................28784
192.319  (c) revised...............................................28784
192.321  (a) revised; (g) added....................................28784
192.327  (a) introductory text and (e) revised; (f) and (g) added 
                                                                   28785
192.361  (f)(1) revised............................................18517
192.367  (a) revised...............................................18517
192.375  (a) revised...............................................28785
192.381  Added.....................................................31459
192.455  (a)(2) and (f)(1) revised.................................28785
192.475  (c) revised...............................................28785
192.485  (c) added.................................................28785
192.491  Revised...................................................28785
192.511  (a) revised...............................................18517
192.513  (c) and (d) revised.......................................27793
    (d) corrected..................................................45905
192.553  (d) revised...............................................28785
192.603  (c) revised...............................................18517
192.607  Removed...................................................28785
192.611  (a)(3)(ii), (iii), (b) and (c) redesignated as (b), 
        (a)(3)(ii), (c) and (d)....................................28785
192.614  (b)(2) introductory text revised..........................28785
192.619  (a)(1) revised; (a)(4) and (5) removed; (a)(6) 
        redesignated as (a)(4); (b) amended........................28785
192.623  Heading revised...........................................18517
192.625  (b)(2)(iv)(C) and (3) revised; (b)(4) added...............26122
    (f) revised....................................................28786
192.705  (c) added.................................................28786
192.709  Revised...................................................28786
192.721  (b) revised...............................................28786
192  Appendix A amended.....................................26123, 28786
    Appendix B corrected...........................................36826
    Appendix A corrected...........................................41020
193  Authority citation revised....................................18517
193.2001  (a) revised..............................................18517
193.