[Title 46 CFR ]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - October 1, 1996 Edition]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]


          46



          Shipping



[[Page i]]

          PARTS 166 TO 199

          Revised as of October 1, 1996
          CONTAINING
          A CODIFICATION OF DOCUMENTS
          OF GENERAL APPLICABILITY
          AND FUTURE EFFECT

          AS OF OCTOBER 1, 1996
          With Ancillaries
          Published by
          the Office of the Federal Register
          National Archives and Records
          Administration

          as a Special Edition of
          the Federal Register



[[Page ii]]

                                      




                     U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
                            WASHINGTON : 1996



               For sale by U.S. Government Printing Office
 Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328



[[Page iii]]




                            Table of Contents


                                                                    Page
  Explanation.................................................       v
  Title 46:
    Chapter I--Coast Guard, Department of Transportation--
        Continued.............................................       3
  Finding Aids:
    Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference..........     479
    Table of CFR Titles and Chapters..........................     487
    Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR........     503
    List of CFR Sections Affected.............................     513

[[Page iv]]



      



                                                                                                                
                                  ----------------------------------------------------------                    
                                   Cite this Code:  CFR                                                         
                                                                                                                
                                   To cite the regulations in this volume use title, part                       
                                    and section number. Thus, 46 CFR 166.01 refers to title                     
                                    46, part 166, section 01.                                                   
                                                                                                                
                                  ----------------------------------------------------------                    
                                                                                                                


[[Page v]]

                               EXPLANATION

    The Code of Federal Regulations is a codification of the general and 
permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the Executive 
departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The Code is divided 
into 50 titles which represent broad areas subject to Federal 
regulation. Each title is divided into chapters which usually bear the 
name of the issuing agency. Each chapter is further subdivided into 
parts covering specific regulatory areas.
    Each volume of the Code is revised at least once each calendar year 
and issued on a quarterly basis approximately as follows:

Title 1 through Title 16.................................as of January 1
Title 17 through Title 27..................................as of April 1
Title 28 through Title 41...................................as of July 1
Title 42 through Title 50................................as of October 1
    The appropriate revision date is printed on the cover of each 
volume.

LEGAL STATUS

    The contents of the Federal Register are required to be judicially 
noticed (44 U.S.C. 1507). The Code of Federal Regulations is prima facie 
evidence of the text of the original documents (44 U.S.C. 1510).

HOW TO USE THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

    The Code of Federal Regulations is kept up to date by the individual 
issues of the Federal Register. These two publications must be used 
together to determine the latest version of any given rule.
    To determine whether a Code volume has been amended since its 
revision date (in this case, October 1, 1996), consult the ``List of CFR 
Sections Affected (LSA),'' which is issued monthly, and the ``Cumulative 
List of Parts Affected,'' which appears in the Reader Aids section of 
the daily Federal Register. These two lists will identify the Federal 
Register page number of the latest amendment of any given rule.

EFFECTIVE AND EXPIRATION DATES

    Each volume of the Code contains amendments published in the Federal 
Register since the last revision of that volume of the Code. Source 
citations for the regulations are referred to by volume number and page 
number of the Federal Register and date of publication. Publication 
dates and effective dates are usually not the same and care must be 
exercised by the user in determining the actual effective date. In 
instances where the effective date is beyond the cut-off date for the 
Code a note has been inserted to reflect the future effective date. In 
those instances where a regulation published in the Federal Register 
states a date certain for expiration, an appropriate note will be 
inserted following the text.

OMB CONTROL NUMBERS

    The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (Pub. L. 96-511) requires 
Federal agencies to display an OMB control number with their information 
collection request.

[[Page vi]]

Many agencies have begun publishing numerous OMB control numbers as 
amendments to existing regulations in the CFR. These OMB numbers are 
placed as close as possible to the applicable recordkeeping or reporting 
requirements.

OBSOLETE PROVISIONS

    Provisions that become obsolete before the revision date stated on 
the cover of each volume are not carried. Code users may find the text 
of provisions in effect on a given date in the past by using the 
appropriate numerical list of sections affected. For the period before 
January 1, 1986, consult either the List of CFR Sections Affected, 1949-
1963, 1964-1972, or 1973-1985, published in seven separate volumes. For 
the period beginning January 1, 1986, a ``List of CFR Sections 
Affected'' is published at the end of each CFR volume.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

    What is incorporation by reference? Incorporation by reference was 
established by statute and allows Federal agencies to meet the 
requirement to publish regulations in the Federal Register by referring 
to materials already published elsewhere. For an incorporation to be 
valid, the Director of the Federal Register must approve it. The legal 
effect of incorporation by reference is that the material is treated as 
if it were published in full in the Federal Register (5 U.S.C. 552(a)). 
This material, like any other properly issued regulation, has the force 
of law.
    What is a proper incorporation by reference? The Director of the 
Federal Register will approve an incorporation by reference only when 
the requirements of 1 CFR part 51 are met. Some of the elements on which 
approval is based are:
    (a) The incorporation will substantially reduce the volume of 
material published in the Federal Register.
    (b) The matter incorporated is in fact available to the extent 
necessary to afford fairness and uniformity in the administrative 
process.
    (c) The incorporating document is drafted and submitted for 
publication in accordance with 1 CFR part 51.
    Properly approved incorporations by reference in this volume are 
listed in the Finding Aids at the end of this volume.
    What if the material incorporated by reference cannot be found? If 
you have any problem locating or obtaining a copy of material listed in 
the Finding Aids of this volume as an approved incorporation by 
reference, please contact the agency that issued the regulation 
containing that incorporation. If, after contacting the agency, you find 
the material is not available, please notify the Director of the Federal 
Register, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC 
20408, or call (202) 523-4534.

CFR INDEXES AND TABULAR GUIDES

    A subject index to the Code of Federal Regulations is contained in a 
separate volume, revised annually as of January 1, entitled CFR Index 
and Finding Aids. This volume contains the Parallel Table of Statutory 
Authorities and Agency Rules (Table I), and Acts Requiring Publication 
in the Federal Register (Table II). A list of CFR titles, chapters, and 
parts and an alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are 
also included in this volume.
    An index to the text of ``Title 3--The President'' is carried within 
that volume.
    The Federal Register Index is issued monthly in cumulative form. 
This index is based on a consolidation of the ``Contents'' entries in 
the daily Federal Register.

[[Page vii]]

    A List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA) is published monthly, keyed to 
the revision dates of the 50 CFR titles.

REPUBLICATION OF MATERIAL

    There are no restrictions on the republication of material appearing 
in the Code of Federal Regulations.

INQUIRIES

    For a legal interpretation or explanation of any regulation in this 
volume, contact the issuing agency. The issuing agency's name appears at 
the top of odd-numbered pages.
    For inquiries concerning CFR reference assistance, call 202-523-5227 
or write to the Director, Office of the Federal Register, National 
Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC 20408.
SALES

    The Government Printing Office (GPO) processes all sales and 
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Customer Service call 202-512-1803.

                              Richard L. Claypoole,
                                    Director,
                          Office of the Federal Register.

October 1, 1996.



[[Page ix]]



                               THIS TITLE

    Title 46--Shipping is composed of nine volumes. The parts in these 
volumes are arranged in the following order: Parts 1-40, 41-69, 70-89, 
90-139, 140-155, 156-165, 166-199, 200-499 and 500 to End. The first 
seven volumes containing parts 1-199 comprise chapter I--Coast Guard, 
Department of Transportation. The eighth volume containing parts 200 to 
499 includes chapter II--Maritime Administration, DOT. The ninth volume 
containing part 500 to End includes chapter IV--Federal Maritime 
Commission. The contents of these volumes represent all current 
regulations codified under this title of the CFR as of October 1, 1996.

    Subject indexes appear for subchapter B--Merchant Marine Officers 
and Seamen, subchapter C--Uninspected Vessels, and subchapter D--Tank 
Vessels following the subchapters in parts 1-40; for subchapter F--
Marine Engineering following the subchapter in parts 41-69; for 
subchapter H--Passenger Vessels following the subchapter in parts 70-89; 
for subchapter I--Cargo and Miscellaneous Vessels, subchapter I-A--
Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, and subchapter J--Electrical 
Engineering; for subchapter K--Small Passenger Vessels Carrying more 
than 150 Passengers or with Overnight Accommodations for more than 49 
Passengers and for subchapter L--Offshore Supply Vessels following the 
subchapters in parts 90-139; for subchapter S--Subdivision and 
Stability, for subchapter T--Small Passenger Vessels (Under 100 Gross 
Tons) and for subchapter W--Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements 
following the subchapters in parts 166-199.

    For this volume Cheryl E. Sirofchuck was Chief Editor. The Code of 
Federal Regulations publication program is under the direction of 
Frances D. McDonald, assisted by Alomha S. Morris.

[[Page x]]



 

[[Page 1]]



                           TITLE 46--SHIPPING




                  (This book contains parts 166 to 199)

  --------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                    Part
chapter i--Coast Guard, Department of Transportation--
  Continued.................................................         166

[[Page 3]]



     CHAPTER I--COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION--Continued




  --------------------------------------------------------------------

                     SUBCHAPTER R--NAUTICAL SCHOOLS
Part                                                                Page
166             Designation and approval of nautical school 
                    ships...................................           5
167             Public nautical school ships................           6
168             Civilian nautical school vessels............          27
169             Sailing school vessels......................          30
                 SUBCHAPTER S--SUBDIVISION AND STABILITY
170             Stability requirements for all inspected 
                    vessels.................................          82
171             Special rules pertaining to vessels carrying 
                    passengers..............................          98
172             Special rules pertaining to bulk cargoes....         129
173             Special rules pertaining to vessel use......         141
174             Special rules pertaining to specific vessel 
                    types...................................         151

                Index.......................................         165
      SUBCHAPTER T--SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS)
175             General provisions..........................         174
176             Inspection and certification................         185
177             Construction and arrangement................         200
178             Intact stability and seaworthiness..........         209
179             Subdivision, damage stability and watertight 
                    integrity requirements..................         216
180             Lifesaving equipment and arrangements.......         222
181             Fire protection equipment...................         233
182             Machinery installation......................         241
183             Electrical installation.....................         261
184             Vessel control and miscellaneous systems and 
                    equipment...............................         269
185             Operations..................................         274
186-187

          [Reserved]

                Index.......................................         289
              SUBCHAPTER U--OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS
188             General provisions..........................         302

[[Page 4]]

189             Inspection and certification................         315
190             Construction and arrangement................         330
191-192   [Reserved]
193             Fire protection equipment...................         339
194             Handling, use, and control of explosives and 
                    other hazardous materials...............         352
195             Vessel control and miscellaneous systems and 
                    equipment...............................         362
196             Operations..................................         369
      SUBCHAPTER V--MARINE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
197             General provisions..........................         381
198       [Reserved]
          SUBCHAPTER W--LIFESAVING APPLIANCES AND ARRANGEMENTS
199             Lifesaving systems for certain inspected 
                    vessels.................................         426

                Index.......................................         469

[[Page 5]]



                     SUBCHAPTER R--NAUTICAL SCHOOLS





PART 166--DESIGNATION AND APPROVAL OF NAUTICAL SCHOOL SHIPS--Table of Contents




Sec.
166.01  Approval of nautical school ships.
166.05  Course of study for deck students.
166.10  Course of study for engineering students.
166.15  Training for maintenance of discipline; ship sanitation; fire 
          and lifeboat drills.
166.20  Applicants for certificates; when eligible for examination.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 8105; 46 U.S.C. App. 1295g; 49 CFR 
1.46.

    Source: CGFR 52-43, 17 FR 9542, Oct. 18, 1952, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 166.01   Approval of nautical school ships.

    (a) Under the provisions of section 13 of the Act of March 4, 1915 
(38 Stat. 1169; 46 U.S.C. 672), as amended by section 1 of the Act of 
June 25, 1936 (49 Stat. 1930; 46 U.S.C. 672), and the Act of May 22, 
1937 (50 Stat. 199; 46 U.S.C. 672), graduates of school ships approved 
by and conducted under rules prescribed by the Commandant may be rated 
able seamen or qualified members of the engine department.
    (b) It has been made to appear to the satisfaction of the Commandant 
that the school ships operated by the States in which they are located; 
namely, by the California Maritime Academy, Great Lakes Maritime Academy 
at Northwestern Michigan College, Maine Maritime Academy, Massachusetts 
Maritime Academy, New York State Maritime College, and Texas Maritime 
Academy, and by the United States Merchant Marine Academy, the United 
States Naval Academy, and the United States Coast Guard Academy, have 
adopted a course of study for their students complying with the rules 
prescribed by the Commandant, and a system of instruction adequate to 
equip the deck and engineering students theoretically and physically in 
the rudiments of seamanship and navigation necessary to qualify the 
graduates for the rating of ``able seamen'' and in all branches of 
marine engineering necessary to qualify the graduates for the rating of 
``qualified member of the engine department,'' respectively.
    (c) The school ships operated by the State organizations and the 
Federal academies named in paragraph (b) of this section are hereby 
approved and their graduates, if meeting the other qualifications 
required by law and regulations promulgated thereunder, are entitled to 
the rating of able seamen or qualified members of the engine department 
and to be certified as such.
    (d) A graduate of any of those school ships, if meeting the other 
qualifications required by law and regulations promulgated thereunder, 
is also entitled to the rating of lifeboatman and to be certified as 
such.

[CGFR 52-43, 17 FR 9542, Oct. 18, 1952, as amended by CGD 72-92R, 38 FR 
29320, Oct. 24, 1973]



Sec. 166.05   Course of study for deck students.

    The course of study for deck students shall include (a) all the 
instructions in the rudiments of seamanship and navigation necessary to 
equip the student fully with the theoretical knowledge required for the 
proper discharge of the duties developing upon able seaman; (b) a 
thorough practical training in the mechanics of all operations incident 
to the sailing and management of a vessel insofar as such operations 
form a part of the duties of able seamen.



Sec. 166.10   Course of study for engineering students.

    The course of study for engineering students shall include (a) all 
the instruction necessary to fully equip the student with the 
theoretical knowledge required for the proper discharge of the duties 
developing upon qualified members of the engine department; (b) a 
thorough practical training in the mechanics of all operations incident 
to the sailing and management of a vessel insofar as such operations 
form a part of the duties of qualified members of the engine department.

[[Page 6]]



Sec. 166.15   Training for maintenance of discipline; ship sanitation; fire and lifeboat drills.

    All students shall be trained to obey all lawful orders emanating 
from their superior officers and schooled in the rules of conduct to be 
observed in order that proper discipline may be maintained on shipboard. 
They shall also be instructed in the fundamentals of ship sanitation as 
prescribed by law and regulations, and shall be given intensive 
instruction and practical training in all the operations incident to 
fire and lifeboat drills, both in port and at sea.



Sec. 166.20   Applicants for certificates; when eligible for examination.

    Applicants for certificates as able seamen will be eligible for 
examination after they have completed a course of study as outlined in 
Secs. 166.05, 166.15, and applicants for certificates as qualified 
members of the engine department after they have completed a course of 
study as outlined in Secs. 166.10, 166.15.



PART 167--PUBLIC NAUTICAL SCHOOL SHIPS--Table of Contents




                   Subpart 167.01--General Provisions

Sec.
167.01-1  Basis and purpose of part.
167.01-5  Application of regulations.
167.01-7  Ocean or unlimited coastwise vessels on inland and Great Lakes 
          routes.
167.01-8  Inspection of school ships using gross tonnage criterion.
167.01-10  Effective date of regulations.
167.01-15  Specifications for articles or materials.
167.01-20  OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork 
          Reduction Act.

                       Subpart 167.05--Definitions

167.05-1  Definition of terms.
167.05-5  Approved.
167.05-10  Commandant.
167.05-15  Coast Guard District Commander.
167.05-20  Marine inspector or inspector.
167.05-25  Nautical school ship.
167.05-30  Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
167.05-35  Public nautical school.

             Subpart 167.10--Enforcement and Right of Appeal

167.10-1  Enforcement.
167.10-50  Right of appeal.

                       Subpart 167.15  Inspections

167.15-1  Inspections required.
167.15-5  Authority of marine inspectors.
167.15-10  Application for annual inspection.
167.15-15  Application for inspection of a new nautical school ship or a 
          conversion of a vessel to a nautical school ship.
167.15-20  Inspections of nautical school ships.
167.15-25  Inspection standards for hulls, boilers and machinery.
167.15-27  Definitions relating to hull examinations.
167.15-28  Inspection of lifesaving appliances and arrangements.
167.15-30  Drydock examination and internal structural examination 
          intervals.
167.15-35  Notice and plans required.
167.15-40  Integral fuel oil tank examinations--T/ALL.
167.15-50  Tailshaft examinations.

   Subpart 167.20--Hull Requirements, Construction and Arrangement of 
                          Nautical School Ships

167.20-1  Construction.
167.20-7  Subdivision and stability.
167.20-10  Means of escape.
167.20-15  Scupper, sanitary and similar discharges.
167.20-17  Bilge pumps, bilge piping and sounding arrangements.
167.20-35  Liquid ballast.

                   Subpart 167.25--Marine Engineering

167.25-1  Boilers, pressure vessels, piping and appurtenances.
167.25-5  Inspection of boilers, pressure vessels, piping and 
          appurtenances.
167.25-20  Carrying of excess steam.

                 Subpart 167.30--Repairs or Alterations

167.30-1  Notice of repairs or alterations required.
167.30-5  Proceeding to another port for repairs.
167.30-10  Special operating requirements.

                  Subpart 167.35--Lifesaving Equipment

167.35-1  General.

             Subpart 167.40--Certain Equipment Requirements

167.40-1  Electrical installations.
167.40-5  Alarm bells.
167.40-7  Voice tubes, telephone, and telegraph systems.
167.40-20  Deep-sea sounding apparatus.
167.40-25  Signaling lamp.
167.40-30  Guards and rails.

[[Page 7]]

167.40-40  Radar.
167.40-45  Magnetic compass and gyrocompass.

                       Subpart 167.43--Work Vests

167.43-1  Application.
167.43-5  Approved types of work vests.
167.43-10  Use.
167.43-15  Shipboard stowage.
167.43-20  Shipboard inspections.
167.43-25  Additional requirements for hybrid work vests.

  Subpart 167.45--Special Firefighting and Fire Prevention Requirements

167.45-1  Steam, carbon dioxide, and halon fire extinguishing systems.
167.45-5  Steam fire pumps or their equivalent.
167.45-10  Couplings on fire hose.
167.45-15  Capacity of pipes and hose.
167.45-20  Examination and testing of pumps and fire-extinguishing 
          equipment.
167.45-25  Fire mains and hose connections.
167.45-30  Use of approved fire-fighting equipment.
167.45-40  Fire-fighting equipment on nautical school ships using oil as 
          fuel.
167.45-45  Carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing system requirements.
167.45-50  Foam smothering system requirements.
167.45-60  Emergency breathing apparatus and flame safety lamps.
167.45-65  Portable fire extinguishers in accommodation spaces.
167.45-70  Portable fire extinguishers, general requirements.
167.45-75  Fire extinguishers for emergency powerplants.
167.45-80  Fire axes.

                     Subpart 167.50--Accommodations

167.50-1  Hospital accommodations.

                Subpart 167.55--Special Markings Required

167.55-1  Draft marks and draft indicating systems.
167.55-5  Marking of fire and emergency equipment.

               Subpart 167.60--Certificates of Inspection

167.60-1  Issuance by Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
167.60-5  Period of time for which valid.
167.60-10  Exhibition of certificate of inspection.
167.60-15  Manning and persons allowed to be carried.

             Subpart 167.65--Special Operating Requirements

167.65-1  Emergency training, musters, and drills.
167.65-5  Flashing the rays of a searchlight or other blinding light.
167.65-15  Routing instructions; strict compliance with.
167.65-20  Unnecessary whistling.
167.65-25  Steering gear tests.
167.65-35  Use of auto pilot.
167.65-38  Loading doors.
167.65-40  Draft.
167.65-42  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability 
          requirements.
167.65-45  Notice to mariners; aids to navigation.
167.65-50  Posting placards of lifesaving signals.
167.65-60  Examination of boilers and machinery by engineer.
167.65-65  Notice and reporting of casualty and voyage records.
167.65-70  Reports of accidents, repairs, and unsafe boilers and 
          machinery by engineers.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306, 6101, 8105; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 
CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, unless otherwise 
noted.



                   Subpart 167.01--General Provisions



Sec. 167.01-1   Basis and purpose of part.

    By virtue of the authority in R.S. 4405 (46 U.S.C. 375), as amended, 
and to apply the requirements of the act of October 25, 1919, as amended 
(41 Stat. 305; 46 U.S.C. 363), the rules and regulations in this part 
are prescribed and apply to public nautical school ships, except vessels 
of the Navy or Coast Guard. It is the intent of the regulations in this 
part to provide minimum standards for vessels used as nautical school 
ships in accordance with the various inspection statutes and to obtain 
their correct and uniform application. This part is not applicable to 
civilian nautical school ships.



Sec. 167.01-5   Application of regulations.

    (a) Regulations in this part contain requirements for the design, 
construction, inspection, lifesaving equipment, firefighting and fire 
prevention requirements, special operating requirements and number of 
persons allowed to be carried on nautical school ships.

[[Page 8]]

    (b) Vessels owned or chartered by the United States Maritime 
Administration that may be used by or in connection with any nautical 
school are not normally considered as merchant vessels of the United 
States and, therefore, are not documented.
    (c) Documented nautical school ships of 500 gross tons or more, on 
international voyages, shall comply with the standards of the 
International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, for cargo 
vessels.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 69-127, 35 FR 
9982, June 17, 1970; CGD 90-008, 55 FR 30663, July 26, 1990]



Sec. 167.01-7   Ocean or unlimited coastwise vessels on inland and Great Lakes routes.

    (a) Vessels inspected and certificated for ocean or unlimited 
coastwise routes shall be considered suitable for navigation insofar as 
the provisions of this subchapter are concerned on any inland route, 
including the Great Lakes.

[CGFR 59-10, 24 FR 3240, Apr. 25, 1959]



Sec. 167.01-8   Inspection of school ships using gross tonnage criterion.

    (a) One of the criteria used for invocation of safety standards is 
the descriptions of school ships by relative sizes in gross tonnages. 
When it is determined in accordance with Sec. 70.05-20 of this chapter 
that a particular school ship has a Bureau of Customs' assigned gross 
register tonnage which is not indicative of the relative physical size 
of the vessel, the requirements in this part and the manning shall be 
that applicable to a vessel of the greater relative size.

[CGFR 60-50, 25 FR 7982, Aug. 18, 1960]



Sec. 167.01-10   Effective date of regulations.

    (a) The regulations in this part shall be in effect on and after 
July 1, 1951: Provided, That amendments, revisions, or additions shall 
become effective 90 days after the date of publication in the Federal 
Register unless the Commandant shall fix a different time.
    (b) Amendments to regulations in this part will not be retroactive 
in effect unless specifically made so at the time the amendments are 
issued.



Sec. 167.01-15   Specifications for articles or materials.

    Articles of equipment or materials used in the equipment or the 
construction of vessels, which conform to the specifications of the Navy 
or Coast Guard or their approved equivalent, may be accepted.



Sec. 167.01-20  OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act.

    (a) Purpose. This section collects and displays the control numbers 
assigned to information collection and recordkeeping requirements in 
this subchapter by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to 
the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). The Coast 
Guard intends that this section comply with the requirements of 44 
U.S.C. 3507(f), which requires that agencies display a current control 
number assigned by the Director of the OMB for each approved agency 
information collection requirement.
    (b) Display.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Current OMB
    46 CFR part or section where identified or described      control No
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.  167.15-35............................................    2115-0554
Sec.  167.65-38............................................    2115-0589
Sec.  167.65-43............................................    2115-0589
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[CGD 88-072, 53 FR 34298, Sept. 6, 1988, as amended by CGD 89-037, 57 FR 
41824, Sept. 11, 1992]



                       Subpart 167.05--Definitions



Sec. 167.05-1   Definition of terms.

    Certain terms used in the regulations of this part are defined in 
this subpart.



Sec. 167.05-5   Approved.

    This term means approved by the Commandant unless otherwise stated.



Sec. 167.05-10   Commandant.

    This term means Commandant of the Coast Guard.



Sec. 167.05-15   Coast Guard District Commander.

    This term means an Officer of the Coast Guard designated as such by 
the Commandant to command all Coast

[[Page 9]]

Guard activities within his district, which include the inspections, 
enforcement, and administration of Title 52, R.S., and acts amendatory 
thereof or supplemental thereto, and rules and regulations thereunder.



Sec. 167.05-20   Marine inspector or inspector.

    These terms mean any person from the civilian or military branch of 
the Coast Guard assigned under the superintendence and direction of an 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, or any other person as may be 
designated for the performance of duties with respect to the 
inspections, enforcement, and the administration of Title 52, R.S., and 
acts amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto, and rules and 
regulations thereunder.



Sec. 167.05-25  Nautical school ship.

    The term nautical school ship means a vessel operated by or in 
connection with a nautical school or an educational institution under 
Section 13 of the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 1986.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25311, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 167.05-30   Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

    This term means any person from the civilian or military branch of 
the Coast Guard designated as such by the Commandant, and who, under the 
superintendence and direction of the Coast Guard District Commander, is 
in charge of an inspection zone for the performance of duties with 
respect to the inspections, enforcement, and administration of Title 52, 
R.S., and acts amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto, and rules and 
regulations thereunder.



Sec. 167.05-35  Public nautical school.

    The term public nautical school means any school or branch thereof 
operated by any State or political subdivision thereof or a school 
operated by the United States Maritime Administration that offers 
instruction for the primary purpose of training for service in the 
merchant marine.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25311, May 20, 1996]



             Subpart 167.10--Enforcement and Right of Appeal



Sec. 167.10-1   Enforcement.

    The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, is responsible for the 
performance of duties within his jurisdiction with respect to inspection 
of nautical school ships which are subject to the provisions of Title 
52, R.S., and acts amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto, rules 
and regulations issued thereunder, and the inspections required thereby.



Sec. 167.10-50  Right of appeal.

    Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under 
this part, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal therefrom in 
accordance with subpart 1.03 of this chapter.

[CGD 88-033, 54 FR 50381, Dec. 6, 1989]



                       Subpart 167.15--Inspections



Sec. 167.15-1   Inspections required.

    (a) Before a vessel may be used as a nautical school ship, it shall 
be inspected by the Coast Guard to determine that the hull, boilers, 
machinery, equipment and appliances comply with the regulations in this 
part.
    (b) Every nautical school ship subject to the regulations in this 
part shall be inspected annually, or oftener if necessary, by the Coast 
Guard to determine that the hull, boilers, machinery, equipment and 
appliances comply with the regulations in this part.
    (c) Nautical school ships while laid up and dismantled and out of 
commission are exempt from any or all inspections required by law or 
regulations in this part.



Sec. 167.15-5   Authority of marine inspectors.

    Marine inspectors may at any time lawfully inspect any nautical 
school ship.



Sec. 167.15-10   Application for annual inspection.

    Application in writing for the annual inspection of every nautical 
school ship required to be inspected by law and the regulations in this 
part shall be made by the master, owner, or agent to the

[[Page 10]]

Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, at any local Marine Inspection 
Office, U.S. Coast Guard, where the nautical school ship may be 
operating. The application shall be on Form CG 3752, Application for 
Inspection of U.S. Vessel, which requires information on name and type 
of vessel, nature of employment and route in which to be operated, place 
where and date when the vessel may be inspected, and that no other 
application has been made to any Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, 
since the issuance of the last valid certificate of inspection.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 64-19, 29 FR 
7361, June 5, 1964]



Sec. 167.15-15   Application for inspection of a new nautical school ship or a conversion of a vessel to a nautical school ship.

    Prior to the commencement of the construction of a new nautical 
school ship, or a conversion of a vessel to a nautical school ship, 
application for the approval of contract plans and specifications and 
for a certificate of inspection shall be made in writing by the owner or 
agent to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, at the nearest local 
Marine Inspection Office, U.S. Coast Guard.



Sec. 167.15-20   Inspections of nautical school ships.

    At each annual inspection, or oftener if deemed necessary, the 
inspector will inspect the hull, boilers, machinery, equipment, and 
appliances generally for compliance with the regulations in this subpart 
and in addition will inspect and test certain specific items as 
specifically set forth in this part.



Sec. 167.15-25   Inspection standards for hulls, boilers and machinery.

    Except as otherwise provided by law or regulations in this subpart, 
the following standards shall be accepted as standard by the inspectors:
    (a) American Bureau of Shipping ``Rules for Building and Classing 
Steel Vessels'' regarding the construction of hulls, boilers and 
machinery in effect on the date of inspection. These rules may be 
purchased from the American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N.Y.
    (b) U. S. Navy Standard Construction Specification in effect on the 
date of inspection.
    (c) U. S. Coast Guard Standard Construction Specification in effect 
on the date of inspection.



Sec. 167.15-27  Definitions relating to hull examinations.

    As used in this part--
    (a) Drydock examination means hauling out a vessel or placing a 
vessel in a drydock or slipway for an examination of all accessible 
parts of the vessel's underwater body and all through-hull fittings, sea 
chests, sea valves, sea strainers, and valves for the emergency bilge 
suction.
    (b) Internal structural examination means an examination of the 
vessel while afloat or in drydock and consists of a complete examination 
of the vessel's main strength members, including the major internal 
framing, the hull plating, voids, and ballast tanks, but not including 
cargo or fuel oil tanks.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39655, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988]



Sec. 167.15-28  Inspection of lifesaving appliances and arrangements.

    The inspection of lifesaving appliances and arrangements must be in 
accordance with the requirements for special purpose vessels in 
subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25311, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 167.15-30  Drydock examination and internal structural examination intervals.

    (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this 
section, each vessel must undergo drydock and internal structural 
examinations as follows:
    (1) Vessels that operate in salt water must undergo two drydock and 
two internal stuctural examinations within any five year period. No more 
than three years may elapse between any two examinations.
    (2) Vessels that operate in fresh water at least six months in every 
12 month period since the last drydock examination must undergo drydock 
and internal structural examinations at intervals not to exceed five 
years.

[[Page 11]]

    (b) Vessels with wooden hulls must undergo two drydock and two 
internal structural examinations within any five year period regardless 
of the type of water in which they operate. No more than three years may 
elapse between any two examinations.
    (c) If, during an internal structural examination damage or 
deterioration to the hull plating or structural members is discovered, 
the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may require the vessel to be 
drydocked or otherwise taken out of service to further assess the extent 
of the damage and to effect permanent repairs.
    (d) Each vessel which has not met with the applicable examination 
schedules in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section because it is on 
a voyage, must undergo the required examinations upon completion of the 
voyage.
    (e) The Commandant (G-MOC) may authorize extensions to the 
examination intervals specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this 
section.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39655, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988; CGD 95-072, 60 FR 50467, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 167.15-35   Notice and plans required.

    (a) The master, owner, operator, or agent of the vessel shall notify 
the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, whenever the vessel is to be 
drydocked regardless of the reason for drydocking.
    (b) Each vessel, except barges, that holds a Load Line Certificate 
must have on board a plan showing the vessel's scantlings. This plan 
must be made available to the Coast Guard marine inspector whenever the 
vessel undergoes a drydock examination or internal structural 
examination or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull.
    (c) Each barge that holds a Load Line Certificate must have a plan 
showing the barge's scantlings. The plan need not be maintained on board 
the barge but must be made available to the Coast Guard marine inspector 
whenever the barge undergoes a drydock examination or internal 
structural examination or whenever repairs are made to the barge's hull.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39655, Oct. 23, 1987]



Sec. 167.15-40  Integral fuel oil tank examinations--T/ALL.

    (a) Each fuel oil tank with at least one side integral to the 
vessel's hull and located within the hull (``integral fuel oil tank'') 
is subject to inspection as provided in this section. The owner or 
operator of the vessel shall have the tanks cleaned out and gas freed as 
necessary to permit internal examination of the tank or tanks designated 
by the marine inspector. The owner or operator shall arrange for an 
examination of the fuel tanks of each vessel during an internal 
structural examination at intervals not to exceed five years.
    (b) Integral non-double-bottom fuel oil tanks need not be cleaned 
out and internally examined if the marine inspector is able to determine 
by external examination that the general condition of the tanks is 
satisfactory.
    (c) Double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels less than 10 years of 
age need not be cleaned out and internally examined if the marine 
inspector is able to determine by external examination that the general 
condition of the tanks is satisfactory.
    (d) Double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels 10 years of age or older 
but less than 15 years of age need not be cleaned out and internally 
examined if the marine inspector is able to determine by internal 
examination of at least one forward double-bottom fuel oil tank, and by 
external examination of all other double-bottom fuel oil tanks on the 
vessel, that the general condition of the tanks is satisfactory.
    (e) All double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels 15 years of age or 
older need not be cleaned out and internally examined if the marine 
inspector is able to determine by internal examination of at least one 
forward, one amidships, and one aft double-bottom fuel oil tank, and by 
external examination of all other double-bottom fuel oil tanks on the 
vessel, that the general condition of the tanks is satisfactory.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39655, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988]

[[Page 12]]



Sec. 167.15-50  Tailshaft examinations.

    Tailshaft examinations on nautical school ships must conform with 
the examination requirements in part 61 of this chapter.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39655, Oct. 23, 1987]



   Subpart 167.20--Hull Requirements, Construction and Arrangement of 
                          Nautical School Ships



Sec. 167.20-1   Construction.

    Except as otherwise provided by law or regulations in this subpart, 
the following standards for construction are acceptable.
    (a) American Bureau of Shipping ``Rules for Building and Classing 
Steel Vessels'' regarding the construction of hulls, boilers and 
machinery in effect on the date of inspection. These rules may be 
purchased from the American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N.Y.
    (b) U. S. Navy Standard Construction Specification in effect on the 
date of inspection.
    (c) U. S. Coast Guard Standard Construction Specification in effect 
on the date of inspection.



Sec. 167.20-7  Subdivision and stability.

    Each vessel must meet the applicable requirements in Subchapter S of 
this chapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983]



Sec. 167.20-10   Means of escape.

    (a) On all nautical school ships where the arrangements will 
possibly permit, all inclosures where persons may be quartered, or where 
anyone may be employed, shall be provided with not less than two avenues 
of escape, so located that if one of such avenues is not available 
another may be.



Sec. 167.20-15   Scupper, sanitary and similar discharges.

    (a) All scupper, sanitary, and other similar discharges which lead 
through the ship's hull shall be fitted with efficient means for 
preventing the ingress of water in the event of a fracture of such 
pipes. The requirements do not apply to the discharges in the machinery 
space connected with the main and auxiliary engines, pumps, etc.



Sec. 167.20-17   Bilge pumps, bilge piping and sounding arrangements.

    The number, capacity, and arrangement of bilge pumps and bilge 
piping shall be in accordance with the requirements for cargo vessels 
contained in parts 50 to 61 of Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this 
chapter. Sounding pipes shall be fitted in each compartment, except 
those accessible at all times. The main and secondary drain systems 
installed in accordance with U.S. Navy or U.S. Coast Guard Construction 
Specifications shall be accepted as meeting the intent of this section.

[CGFR 52-43, 17 FR 9542, Oct. 18, 1952]



Sec. 167.20-35   Liquid ballast.

    When water ballasting of fuel tanks is necessary, such oily ballast 
shall not be subsequently discharged overboard within any of the 
prohibited zones as defined by the Oil Pollution Act, 1961 (33 U.S.C. 
1011), except through oily water separators which meet the requirements 
in 33 CFR 155.330 through 155.380, or directly into sludge barges or 
shore facilities, or other approved means.

[CGFR 62-17, 27 FR 9046, Sept. 11, 1962, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995]



                   Subpart 167.25--Marine Engineering



Sec. 167.25-1   Boilers, pressure vessels, piping and appurtenances.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided by law or regulations in this 
subpart, all vessels constructed or reconverted to use as nautical 
school ships on or after July 1, 1951, shall conform with one of the 
following standards for boilers, pressure vessels, piping and 
appurtenances:
    (1) Marine engineering regulations in parts 50 to 63, inclusive, of 
Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.
    (2) Navy Standard Construction Specifications in effect at time of 
construction or conversion.

[[Page 13]]

    (3) U.S. Coast Guard Standard Construction Specifications in effect 
at time of construction or conversion.
    (b) The boilers, pressure vessels, and appurtenances shall be 
inspected initially under the provisions of part 52 of Subchapter F 
(Marine Engineering) of this chapter. All alterations, replacements or 
repairs on nautical school ships shall conform to the applicable 
standards in paragraph (a) of this section insofar as practicable.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 68-82, 33 FR 
18908, Dec. 18, 1968]



Sec. 167.25-5   Inspection of boilers, pressure vessels, piping and appurtenances.

    The inspection of boilers, pressure vessels, piping and 
appurtenances shall be in accordance with the applicable regulations in 
parts 50 to 63, inclusive, of Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this 
chapter, insofar as they relate to tests and inspection of cargo 
vessels.

[CGFR 68-82, 33 FR 18908, Dec. 18, 1968]



Sec. 167.25-20   Carrying of excess steam.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    1Attention is called to R.S. 4437 (46 U.S.C. 413), which makes the 
obstructing of a safety valve a misdemeanor subject to a $200 fine and 
imprisonment for not to exceed 5 years.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    When it is known or comes to the knowledge of the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, that any steam nautical school ship is or has been 
carrying an excess of steam beyond that which is allowed by her 
certificate of inspection, the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, in 
whose zone the nautical school ship is being navigated, in addition to 
reporting the fact to the United States District Attorney for 
prosecution under R. S. 4437 (46 U.S.C. 413), shall require the owner or 
owners of the nautical school ship to place on the boiler a lockup 
safety valve which will prevent the carrying of an excess of steam and 
it shall be under the control of said Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection.



                 Subpart 167.30--Repairs or Alterations



Sec. 167.30-1   Notice of repairs or alterations required.

    (a) It shall be the duty of the master, owner, or agent to notify 
the nearest Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, whenever repairs or 
alterations are required, or will be made on a nautical school ship.
    (b) Whenever a nautical school ship is placed upon the dock, it 
shall be the duty of the master, owner or agent to report the same to 
the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, so that a thorough inspection 
may be made by the Coast Guard to determine what is necessary to make 
such a nautical school ship seaworthy, if the condition or age of the 
nautical school ship, in the judgment of the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection, renders such examination necessary.



Sec. 167.30-5   Proceeding to another port for repairs.

    (a) The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may issue a permit to 
proceed to another port for repairs, if in his judgment it can be done 
with safety. In the issuance of such a permit the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, will state upon its face, the conditions upon which 
it is granted.
    (b) When a nautical school ship obtains a permit from the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, to go to another port for repairs, the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, shall so notify the Coast Guard 
District Commander, and state the repairs to be made. The Coast Guard 
District Commander shall notify the Coast Guard District Commander of 
the district where such repairs are to be made, furnishing him a copy of 
the report indicating the repairs ordered.



Sec. 167.30-10   Special operating requirements.

    Inspection and testing required when making alterations, repairs, or 
other such operations involving riveting, welding, burning, or like 
fire-producing actions are as follows:

[[Page 14]]

    (a) The provisions of ``Standard for the Control of Gas Hazards on 
Vessels to be Repaired'', NFPA No. 306, published by National Fire 
Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269 shall be 
used as a guide in conducting the inspections and issuance of 
certificates required by this section.
    (b) Until an inspection has been made to determine that such 
operation can be undertaken with safety, no alterations, repairs, or 
other such operations involving riveting, welding, burning, or like 
fire-producing actions shall be made:
    (1) Within or on the boundaries of cargo tanks which have been used 
to carry combustible liquids or chemicals in bulk; or,
    (2) Within spaces adjacent to cargo tanks which have been used to 
carry Grade D combustible liquid cargo, except where the distance 
between such cargo tanks and the work to be performed is not less than 
twenty-five (25) feet; or,
    (3) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or,
    (4) To pipe lines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other 
appurtenances connected to such cargo or fuel tanks.
    (c) Such inspections shall be made and evidenced as follows:
    (1) In ports or places in the United States or its territories and 
possessions, the inspection shall be made by a marine chemist 
certificated by the National Fire Protection Association; however, if 
the services of such certified marine chemist are not reasonably 
available, the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, upon the 
recommendation of the vessel owner and his contractor or their 
representative, shall select a person who, in the case of an individual 
vessel, shall be authorized to make such inspection. If the inspection 
indicates that such operations can be undertaken with safety, a 
certificate setting forth the fact in writing and qualified as may be 
required, shall be issued by the certified marine chemist or the 
authorized person before the work is started. Such qualifications shall 
include any requirements, as may be deemed necessary to maintain, 
insofar as can reasonably be done, the safe conditions in the spaces 
certified throughout the operation and shall include such additional 
tests and certifications as considered required. Such qualifications and 
requirements shall include precautions necessary to eliminate or 
minimize hazards that may be present from protective coatings or 
residues from cargoes.
    (2) When not in such a port or place, and a marine chemist or such 
person authorized by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, is not 
reasonably available, the inspection shall be made by the senior officer 
present and a proper entry shall be made in the vessel's logbook.
    (d) It shall be the responsibility of the senior officer present to 
secure copies of certificates issued by the certified marine chemist or 
such person authorized by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. It 
shall be the responsibility of the senior officer present, insofar as 
the persons under his control are concerned, to maintain a safe 
condition on the vessel by full observance of all qualifications and 
requirements listed by the marine chemist in the certificate.

[CGFR 64-19, 29 FR 7361, June 5, 1964, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995]



                  Subpart 167.35--Lifesaving Equipment



Sec. 167.35-1  General.

    Lifesaving appliances and arrangements on nautical school ships must 
be in accordance with the requirements for special purpose vessels in 
subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25311, May 20, 1996]



             Subpart 167.40--Certain Equipment Requirements



Sec. 167.40-1   Electrical installations.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided by law or regulation in this part, 
the electrical equipment may be considered acceptable if it complies 
with the requirements covered by any one of the following:
    (1) U.S. Navy Standard Construction Specifications currently in 
effect.

[[Page 15]]

    (2) U. S. Coast Guard electrical engineering requirements in 
Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter.
    (3) American Institute of Electrical Engineers Standard No. 45, 1945 
or 1948 Revision. These standards may be purchased from the American 
Institute of Electrical Engineers, New York, N. Y.
    (b) Changes or alterations in the electrical installations of 
vessels now in service shall be in accordance with standards set forth 
in paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) Special attention shall be given by the inspectors in the 
examination of present installation to see that it is of such nature as 
to preclude any danger of fire, giving particular attention to wiring 
which is carried through wooden bulkheads, partitions, etc.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 52-43, 17 FR 
9543, Oct. 18, 1952]



Sec. 167.40-5   Alarm bells.

    All nautical school ships over 100 gross tons shall have all 
sleeping accommodations, public spaces, and machinery spaces equipped 
with a sufficient number of alarm bells so located as to warn all 
occupants. The system shall operate from a continuous source of electric 
energy capable of supplying the system for a period of at least 8 hours 
without being dependent upon the main, auxiliary or emergency generating 
plants. Each bell shall produce a signal of a tone distinct from that of 
other bell signals in the vicinity and shall be independently fused, 
with each of these fuses located above the bulkhead deck. The bells 
shall be controlled by a manually-operated contact maker located in the 
pilothouse. The characteristics of the contact maker shall be such that 
it possesses:
    (a) Positive contact;
    (b) Watertightness (when located in open spaces subject to weather);
    (c) Means whereby its electrically open or closed position can be 
determined by sense of touch;
    (d) Means to affect a make-or-break circuit for signaling; and
    (e) Self-maintaining contacts.



Sec. 167.40-7   Voice tubes, telephone, and telegraph systems.

    (a) Each nautical school ship shall be fitted with an efficient 
means of communication between the pilothouse and engine room. This may 
be by bell signals with voice tubes, telephone, or telegraph systems.
    (b) A voice tube or telephone system between the radio room and the 
navigating bridge shall be provided when the nautical school ship is 
equipped with a radio installation.
    (c) A voice tube or telephone system between the pilothouse and 
emergency steering station shall be provided when the nautical school 
ship is equipped with an emergency steering station.



Sec. 167.40-20   Deep-sea sounding apparatus.

    Nautical school ships shall be equipped with an efficient or 
electronic deep-sea sounding apparatus. The electronic deep-sea sounding 
apparatus required shall be installed, kept in working order, and ready 
for immediate use.

[CGFR 58-10, 23 FR 4686, June 26, 1958, as amended by CGD 75-074, 42 FR 
5964, Jan. 31, 1977; CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26010, May 23, 1996]



Sec. 167.40-25   Signaling lamp.

    Nautical school ships of over 150 gross tons shall be equipped with 
an efficient signaling lamp. This lamp shall be permanently fixed above 
the bridge and equipped with a Fresnel lens and high-speed bulb, 
operated by a weatherproof key, fitted with a suitable condenser. The 
lamp shall be so connected that it can be operated from the normal 
source of the nautical school ship's current, the emergency source, and 
other emergency batteries if provided.



Sec. 167.40-30   Guards and rails.

    On nautical school ships all exposed and dangerous places, such as 
gears and machinery shall be properly protected with covers, guards, or 
rails, in order that the danger of accidents may be minimized. On 
nautical school ships equipped with radio (wireless) the lead-ins shall 
be efficiently incased or insulated to insure the protection of persons 
from accidental shock. Such lead-

[[Page 16]]

ins shall be located so as not to interfere with the launching of 
lifeboats and life rafts.



Sec. 167.40-40   Radar.

    All mechanically propelled vessels of 1,600 gross tons and over in 
ocean or coastwise service must be fitted with a marine radar system for 
surface navigation. Facilities for plotting radar readings must be 
provided on the bridge.

[CGFR 75-074, 42 FR 5964, Jan. 31, 1977]



Sec. 167.40-45   Magnetic compass and gyrocompass.

    (a) All mechanically propelled vessels in ocean or coastwise service 
must be fitted with a magnetic compass.
    (b) All mechanically propelled vessels of 1,600 gross tons and over 
in ocean or coastwise service must be fitted with a gyrocompass in 
addition to the magnetic compass.
    (c) Each vessel must have an illuminated repeater for the 
gyrocompass required under paragraph (b) of this section that is at the 
main steering stand unless the gyrocompass is illuminated and is at the 
main steering stand.

[CFD 75-074, 42 FR 5964, Jan. 31, 1977]



                       Subpart 167.43--Work Vests

    Source: CGFR 59-22, 24 FR 4962, June 18, 1959, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 167.43-1   Application.

    (a) Provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels inspected 
and certificated in accordance with this subchapter.



Sec. 167.43-5   Approved types of work vests.

    (a) Each buoyant work vest carried under the permissive authority of 
this section must be approved under--
    (1) Subpart 160.053 of this chapter; or
    (2) Subpart 160.077 of this chapter as a commercial hybrid PFD.

[CGD 78-174A, 51 FR 4351, Feb. 4, 1986]



Sec. 167.43-10   Use.

    (a) Approved buoyant work vests are considered to be items of safety 
apparel and may be carried aboard vessels to be worn by crew members 
when working near or over the water under favorable working conditions. 
They shall be used under the supervision and control of designated 
ship's officers. When carried, such vests shall not be accepted in lieu 
of any portion of the required number of approved life preservers and 
shall not be substituted for the approved life preservers required to be 
worn during drills and emergencies.



Sec. 167.43-15   Shipboard stowage.

    (a) The approved buoyant work vests shall be stowed separately from 
the regular stowage of approved life preservers.
    (b) The locations for the stowage of work vests shall be such as not 
to be easily confused with that for approved life preservers.



Sec. 167.43-20   Shipboard inspections.

    (a) Each work vest shall be subject to examination by a marine 
inspector to determine its serviceability. If found to be satisfactory, 
it may be continued in service, but shall not be stamped by a marine 
inspector with a Coast Guard stamp. If a work vest is found not to be in 
a serviceable condition, then such work vest shall be removed from the 
vessel. If a work vest is beyond repair, it shall be destroyed or 
mutilated in the presence of a marine inspector so as to prevent its 
continued use as a work vest.



Sec. 167.43-25  Additional requirements for hybrid work vests.

    (a) In addition to the other requirements in this subpart, 
commercial hybrid PFD's must be--
    (1) Used, stowed, and maintained in accordance with the procedures 
set out in the manual required for these devices by Sec. 160.077-29 of 
this chapter and any limitations(s) marked on them; and
    (2) Of the same or similar design and have the same method of 
operation as each other hybrid PFD carried on board.

[CGD 78-174A, 51 FR 4351, Feb. 4, 1986]

[[Page 17]]



  Subpart 167.45--Special Firefighting and Fire Prevention Requirements



Sec. 167.45-1  Steam, carbon dioxide, and halon fire extinguishing systems.

    (a) General requirements. (1) Nautical school ships shall be 
provided with an inert-gas fire-extinguishing system when required.
    (2) All nautical school ships carrying combustible cargo in the 
holds, between decks, or other closed cargo compartments shall be 
equipped with means for extinguishing fire in such compartments by the 
use of any inert-gas fire-extinguishing system approved by the Coast 
Guard or Navy. However, in specific cases where by reason of the design, 
such compartments are normally accessible and considered to be part of 
the working or living quarters, a water sprinkling system may be 
installed in lieu of an inert-gas fire-extinguishing system. On such 
vessels contracted for prior to January 1, 1962, a steam smothering 
system may be accepted in lieu of the inert gas system for the 
protection of cargo holds, paint lockers, and similar spaces. However, 
although existing steam smothering systems may be repaired, replaced, or 
extended, no new systems contracted for on or after January 1, 1962, 
will be permitted.
    (3) Cabinets, boxes, or casings inclosing manifolds or valves shall 
be distinctly marked in painted letters about 3 inches in height, 
``Steam Fire Apparatus,'' or ``CO2 Fire Apparatus,'' as the case 
may be.
    (4) Steam or gas piping fitted for extinguishing fire shall not be 
used for any other purpose except that it may be used for fire-detecting 
purposes.
    (5) Pipes for conveying steam from the boilers for the purpose of 
extinguishing fire shall not be led into the cabins, other living 
spaces, or working spaces. Pipes for conveying carbon dioxide or other 
extinguishing vapors for the purpose of extinguishing fire shall not be 
led into the cabins or other living spaces.
    (6) Steam smothering lines shall be tested with at least 50 pounds 
air pressure with ends of the smothering lines capped, or by blowing 
steam through the lines, and a survey made for detecting corrosion and 
defects, using the hammer test or such other means as may be necessary.
    (7) At annual inspections, all carbon dioxide (CO2) cylinders, 
whether fixed or portable, shall be examined externally and replaced if 
excessive corrosion is found; and all cylinders shall also be checked by 
weighing to determine contents and if found to be more than 10 percent 
under required contents of carbon dioxide, the same shall be recharged.
    (8) Carbon dioxide and halon cylinders carried on board nautical 
school ships must be tested and marked in accordance with the 
requirements of Secs. 147.60 and 147.65 of this chapter.
    (9) Regarding the limitations on the use of steam smothering in 
subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, this does not preclude the 
introduction of steam into such confined spaces as boiler casings or 
into tanks for steaming out purposes. Such installations are not to be 
considered as part of any required fire extinguishing system.
    (b) Steam systems. (1) As noted in subparagraph (a)(2) of this 
section, steam smothering systems are not permitted on nautical school 
ships contracted for on or after January 1, 1962, nor for new 
installations on vessels contracted for prior to that date. Where steam 
smothering systems are installed, the provisions of this paragraph shall 
be met.
    (2) Steam for fire-extinguishing systems shall be available at a 
suitable pressure from the main boilers or a donkey or auxiliary boiler.
    (3) The pipe lines shall be led from not more than three stations in 
easily accessible locations on the weather deck to each cargo hold, 
cargo 'tween-decks, or other closed cargo compartments, and to each 
cargo-oil deep tank, lamp locker, oil room, and like compartments, which 
lamp locker, oil room, and like compartments, shall be wholly and 
tightly lined with metal. The steam connections to the lamp lockers, oil 
rooms, and like compartments may be taken from the nearest steam supply 
line, independent of the extinguishing manifolds. In lamp lockers, oil 
rooms, and like compartments, adequate means may be provided for 
ventilation if suitable dampers capable

[[Page 18]]

of being operated from outside the spaces are fitted in each vent duct.
    (4) Each pipe in the extinguishing manifolds shall be fitted with a 
shut-off valve plainly and permanently marked to indicate into which 
compartment it discharges. This requirement also applies to independent 
extinguishing lines.
    (5) Manifold steam supply pipes shall be fitted with master valves 
at the manifolds, and provision shall be made for draining the manifold 
and individual lines to protect them against freezing. If the manifolds 
are located on an open deck, they shall be enclosed in a metal box.
    (6) The minimum diameter of any steam fire-extinguishing pipe to a 
cargo hold, cargo 'tween-decks, other closed cargo compartments, or 
cargo-oil deep tank shall be one inch, the size and number of pipes to 
be governed by the size of the compartment. The minimum diameter of any 
steam fire-extinguishing pipe to a lamp locker, oil room, or like 
compartments, shall be three-fourths of an inch.
    (c) Inert-gas systems. (1) When a carbon dioxide (CO2) 
smothering system is fitted in the cargo hold, cargo 'tween-decks, or 
other closed cargo compartments, or cargo-oil deep tanks, the quantity 
of carbon dioxide shall be sufficient to give a gas saturation of 30 
percent of the gross volume of the largest cargo hold. The quantity in 
pounds of carbon dioxide required may be determined approximately by the 
following formula:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.000

where:

W=the weight of CO2 required, in pounds.
L=the length of the hold, in feet.
B=the mean breadth of the hold, in feet,
D=the depth from tank top or flat forming lower boundary to top of 
          uppermost space in which freight may be carried, in feet.

    (2) When a carbon dioxide (CO2) smothering system is fitted in 
the lamp locker, oil room, or like compartments, the quantity in pounds 
of carbon dioxide required may be determined by dividing the gross 
volume of the space by a factor of 22. Lamp lockers, oil rooms, and like 
compartments, in all classes of vessels, shall be wholly and tightly 
lined with metal. The whole charge of gas shall be capable of being 
released simultaneously by operating one valve and control, and all 
cylinders shall be completely discharged in not more than two minutes.
    (3) Pipes used for supplying carbon dioxide to the cargo holds, 
cargo 'tween-decks, other closed cargo compartments, and cargo-oil deep 
tanks shall be not less than three-fourths inch inside diameter. Pipes 
used for supplying carbon dioxide to lamp lockers, oil rooms, and like 
compartments shall not be less than one-half inch inside diameter.
    (4) The control(s) releasing the inert gas shall be located in a 
position(s) outside the space(s) protected and shall be readily 
accessible when the vessel is being navigated. All valves shall be 
permanently marked to indicate into which compartment they discharge. A 
space which is protected by a carbon dioxide extinguishing system, and 
is normally accessible to crew while the nautical school ship is being 
navigated shall be fitted with an approved audible alarm in such space, 
which will be automatically sounded when the carbon dioxide is admitted 
to the space.
    (5) Provisions shall be made to prevent the admission of air into 
the lower parts of cargo holds, cargo 'tween-decks, and other closed 
cargo compartments while the inert-gas system is in operation.
    (6) Cylinders, piping, and controls for the inert-gas system shall 
be protected from damage and shall be securely fastened and supported.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 54-46, 19 FR 
8708, Dec. 18, 1954; CGFR 61-15, 26 FR 9303, Sept. 30, 1961; CGFR 65-9, 
30 FR 11494, Sept. 8, 1965; CGD 84-044, 53 FR 7752, Mar. 10, 1988]



Sec. 167.45-5   Steam fire pumps or their equivalent.

    (a) All nautical school ships shall be equipped with fire pumps.
    (b) Nautical school ships of 100 gross tons and under shall be 
equipped with one hand fire pump with a pump-cylinder capacity not less 
than 100 cubic inches, or a power-driven pump of equivalent discharge 
capacity.

[[Page 19]]

    (c) Nautical school ships over 100 gross tons shall be equipped with 
fire pumps and piping as follows:
    (1) All nautical school ships shall be provided with powerful pumps 
available for use as fire pumps. When of less than 1,000 gross tons it 
shall have 1, and when larger it shall have at least 2 independently 
driven pumps connected to the fire main. Each pump shall be capable of 
delivering two powerful jets of water simultaneously from the highest 
outlets on the fire main at a Pitot tube pressure of approximately 50 
pounds per square inch.
    (2) On oil-burning nautical school ships, where two pumps are 
required, they may be located in the same compartment, if the 
compartment is equipped with an approved fixed carbon dioxide 
extinguishing system.
    (d) Outlets from the fire mains shall be of a sufficient number and 
so arranged that any part of the living quarters, weather decks and any 
part of cargo decks, accessible to crew, while the nautical school ship 
is being navigated, may be reached with a single 50-foot length of hose. 
Outlets within accommodations and service spaces adjacent thereto shall 
comply with the above or they may be so arranged that any part may be 
reached with a single 75-foot length of hose provided a siamese 
connection is fitted at each outlet. Where the fire main is located on 
an exposed deck, branches shall be provided so that the hose connections 
necessary to comply with the foregoing be distributed on both sides of 
the nautical school ship. The fire hose shall be connected to the outlet 
at all times, except on open decks where the location of the fire 
hydrants is such that no protection is afforded for the hose in heavy 
weather. The fire hose may be temporarily removed from the hydrant when 
it will interfere with the handling of cargo.
    (e) Outlet openings shall have a diameter of not less than 1\1/2\ 
inches and shall be fitted with suitable hose connections and spanners. 
The arrangement of the fire hydrant shall be limited to any position 
from the horizontal to the vertical pointing downward, so that the hose 
will lead downward or horizontally, in order to minimize the possibility 
of kinking. In no case will a hydrant arranged in a vertical position 
with the outlet pointing upward be accepted.
    (f) Fire pumps shall be fitted on the discharge side with relief 
valves set to relieve at 25 pounds higher than the pressure necessary to 
maintain the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this section and a 
pressure gage to indicate the pressure on the fire main. If the fire 
pumps operating under shut-off conditions are not capable of producing a 
pressure exceeding 125 pounds per square inch, the relief valve may be 
omitted.
    (g) Each section of fire hose used after January 1, 1980 must be 
lined commercial fire hose that conforms to Underwriters' Laboratories, 
Inc. Standard 19 or Federal Specification ZZ-H-451E. Hose that bears the 
label of Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. as lined fire hose is accepted 
as conforming to this requirement. Each section of replacement fire hose 
or any section of new fire hose placed aboard a vessel after January 1, 
1977 must also conform to the specification required by this paragraph.
    (h) Each fire hydrant must have at least one length of firehose. 
Each firehose on the hydrant must have a combination solid stream and 
water spray firehose nozzle that is approved under subpart 162.027 of 
this chapter.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 60-36, 25 FR 
10642, Nov. 5, 1960; CGD 74-60, 41 FR 43152, Sept. 30, 1976; CGD 76-086, 
44 FR 2394, Jan. 11, 1979]



Sec. 167.45-10   Couplings on fire hose.

    The couplings on fire hose shall be of brass, copper, or composition 
material. All hydrants shall be provided with suitable spanners.



Sec. 167.45-15   Capacity of pipes and hose.

    The capacity of the pipes and hose leading from the pumps shall in 
no case be less than that of the discharge opening of the pump: 
Provided, however, That the pipe and hose shall in no instance be less 
than 1\1/2\ inches in internal diameter.

[[Page 20]]



Sec. 167.45-20   Examination and testing of pumps and fire-extinguishing equipment.

    The inspectors will examine all pumps, hose, and other fire 
apparatus and will see that the hose is subjected to a pressure of 100 
pounds to the square inch at each annual inspection and that the hose 
couplings are securely fastened.



Sec. 167.45-25  Fire mains and hose connections.

    All pipes used as mains for conducting water from fire pumps on 
nautical school ships shall be of steel, wrought iron, brass, or copper 
with wrought iron brass, or composition hose connections.



Sec. 167.45-30   Use of approved fire-fighting equipment.

    Portable fire extinguishers or fire-extinguishing systems which 
conform to the specifications of the Navy or Coast Guard, or their 
approved equivalent, may be accepted for use on nautical school ships.



Sec. 167.45-40   Fire-fighting equipment on nautical school ships using oil as fuel.

    Steam-propelled nautical school ships burning oil for fuel shall be 
fitted with the fire-fighting equipment of the following type and 
character:
    (a) In each boiler room and in each of the machinery spaces of a 
nautical school ship propelled by steam, in which a part of the fuel-oil 
installation is situated, 2 or more approved fire extinguishers of the 
foam type of not less than 9.5 liters (2\1/2\ gallons) each or 2 or more 
approved fire extinguishers of the carbon dioxide type of not less than 
33 kilograms (15 pounds) each must be placed where accessible and ready 
for immediate use. On a nautical school ship of 1,000 gross tons and 
under, only 1 of the fire extinguishers may be required.
    (b)In boiler and machinery spaces, at least 2 fire hydrants must 
have a firehose of a length that allows each part of the boiler and 
machinery spaces to be reached by water from a combination solid stream 
and water spray firehose nozzle.
    (c) Each firehose under paragraph (b) of this section must have a 
combination solid stream and water spray firehose nozzle that meets 
subpart 162.027 of this chapter. Combination nozzles and low-velocity 
water spray applicators previously approved under subpart 162.027 of 
this chapter may remain so long as they are maintained in good condition 
to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (d) On every steam propelled nautical school ship of over 1,000 
gross tons having one boiler room there shall be provided one fire 
extinguisher of the foam type of at least 40 gallons rated capacity or 
one carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguisher of at least 100 pounds. If 
the nautical school ship has more than one boiler room, an extinguisher 
of the above type shall be provided in each boiler room. On every steam 
propelled nautical school ship of 1,000 gross tons and under, foam type 
fire extinguishers of at least 20 gallons rated capacity or carbon 
dioxide (CO2) extinguishers of at least 50 pounds shall be used. 
Extinguishers fitted shall be equipped with suitable hose and nozzles on 
reels or other practicable means easy of access, and of sufficient 
length to reach any part of the boiler room and spaces containing oil-
fuel pumping units.
    (e) All nautical school ships propelled by internal-combustion 
engines shall be equipped with the following foam type or carbon dioxide 
type fire extinguishers in the machinery spaces:
    (1) One approved 12-gallon foam-type extinguisher or one approved 
35-pound carbon dioxide type extinguisher.
    (2) One approved 2\1/2\-gallon foam-type, or one approved 15-pound 
carbon dioxide type extinguisher for each 1,000 B. H. P. of the main 
engines, or fraction thereof. The total number of fire extinguishers 
carried shall not be less than two and need not exceed six.
    (3) When a donkey boiler fitted to burn oil as fuel is located in 
the machinery space, there shall be substituted for the 12-gallon foam 
type or 35-pound carbon dioxide type fire extinguisher required either 
one 40-gallon foam type or one 100-pound carbon dioxide type fire 
extinguisher.

[[Page 21]]

    (f) In this section any reference to an approved fire extinguisher 
means either approved by the Coast Guard or the Navy.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGD 76-086, 44 FR 
2394, Jan. 11, 1979; CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26010, May 23, 1996]



Sec. 167.45-45   Carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing system requirements.

    (a) When a carbon dioxide (CO2) smothering system is fitted in 
the boiler room, the quantity of carbon dioxide carried shall be 
sufficient to give a gas saturation of 25 percent of the gross volume of 
the largest boiler room from tank top to top of the boilers. Top of the 
boilers is to be considered as the top of the shell of a Scotch or leg 
type of boiler, and the top of the casing or drum, whichever is the 
higher, on water-tube boilers. The quantity of carbon dioxide required 
may be determined approximately by the following formula:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.001

where:

W=the weight of CO2 required in pounds.
L=the length of the boiler room in feet.
B=the breadth of the boiler room in feet.
D=the distance in feet from tank top or flat forming lower boundary to 
          top of boilers.

    (b) When a carbon dioxide (CO2) smothering system is fitted in 
the machinery space of a nautical school ship propelled by internal 
combustion engines, the quantity of carbon dioxide required may be 
determined approximately by the following formula:

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.002

where:

W=the weight of CO2 required in pounds.
L=the length of machinery space in feet.
B=breadth of the machinery space in feet.
D=distance in feet from tank top or flat forming lower boundary to the 
          underside of deck forming the batch opening.

    (c) The whole charge of gas shall be capable of being released 
simultaneously by operating one valve and control. All cylinders shall 
be completely discharged in not more than two minutes. The arrangement 
of the piping shall be such as to give a general and fairly uniform 
distribution over the entire area protected. An alarm which shall 
operate automatically with the operation of the system shall be provided 
to give a warning in the space when the carbon dioxide is about to be 
released. Provision shall be made to prevent the admission of air into 
the lower parts of the boiler or engine room while the system is in 
operation.



Sec. 167.45-50   Foam smothering system requirements.

    (a) When a foam-type system is fitted, its capacity shall be such as 
to rapidly discharge over the entire area of the bilge (tank top) of the 
largest boiler room a volume of foam 6 inches deep in not more than 3 
minutes. The arrangement of piping shall be such as to give a uniform 
distribution over the entire area protected.
    (b) The foam-type system may be of a type approved by the Navy or 
Coast Guard. All containers and valves by which the system is operated 
shall be easily accessible and so placed that control valves and 
containers will not readily be cut off from use by an outbreak of fire.



Sec. 167.45-60  Emergency breathing apparatus and flame safety lamps.

    Each nautical-school ship must be equipped with the following 
devices:
    (a) Two pressure-demand, open-circuit, self-contained breathing 
apparatus, approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) 
and by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 
and having at a minimum a 30-minute air supply, a full facepiece, and a 
spare charge for each. A supplied-air respirator previously approved 
under part 160, subpart 160.011, of this chapter may continue in use as 
required equipment until November 23, 1994, if it was part of the 
vessel's equipment on November 23, 1992, and as long as it is maintained 
in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection. A self-contained compressed-air breathing apparatus 
previously approved by MSHA and NIOSH under part 160, subpart 160.011, 
of this chapter may continue in use as required equipment

[[Page 22]]

if it was part of the vessel's equipment on November 23, 1992, and as 
long as it is maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (b) One flame safety lamp approved by the Coast Guard or Navy.

[CGD 86-036, 57 FR 48326, Oct. 23, 1992]



Sec. 167.45-65   Portable fire extinguishers in accommodation spaces.

    (a) All nautical school ships shall be provided with such number of 
good and efficient portable fire extinguishers approved by the Navy or 
Coast Guard as follows:
    (1) Nautical school ships less than 150 feet in length shall have at 
least two fire extinguishers on each passenger deck.
    (2) Nautical school ships 150 feet and over in length shall be 
provided with at least one fire extinguisher for every 150 linear feet 
of corridor length or fraction thereof in the spaces occupied by 
passengers and crew.
    (3) In all public spaces fire extinguishers shall be located not 
more than 150 feet apart.
    (b) The number of required fire extinguishers is based on the 
capacity of the ordinary fire extinguisher, which is about 2\1/2\ 
gallons, and no fire extinguisher of larger capacity shall be allowed a 
greater rating than that of the ordinary fire extinguisher. Fire 
extinguishers of approved types of less capacity are allowable when 
their total contents equal the required quantity.



Sec. 167.45-70   Portable fire extinguishers, general requirements.

    (a) Extra charges shall be carried on board for 50 percent of each 
size and variety of fire extinguishers provided. If 50 percent of each 
size and variety of fire extinguishers carried gives a fractional 
result, extra charges shall be provided for the next largest whole 
number.
    (1) The following is an example:

                                                                        
                                                        Extra charges   
                                                           required     
                                                                        
Fire extinguishers carried:                                             
  1................................................           1         
  2................................................           1         
  3................................................           2         
  4................................................           2         
  5................................................           3         
                                                                        

    (2) When the portable fire extinguisher is of such variety that it 
cannot be readily recharged by the vessel's personnel, one spare unit of 
the same classification shall be carried in lieu of spare charges for 
all such units of the same size and variety.
    (b) Recharges, particularly the acid, used in charging soda-and-acid 
type of fire extinguishers, shall be packed in such manner that the 
filling operation (i.e., in recharging the extinguisher) can be 
performed without subjecting the person doing the recharging to undue 
risk of acid burns and shall be contained in Crown stopper type of 
bottle.
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) Fire extinguishers shall be located in such places as in the 
judgment of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, will be most 
convenient and serviceable in case of emergency and so arranged that 
they may be easily removed from their fastenings.
    (e) Every fire extinguisher provided shall be examined at each 
annual inspection to determine that it is still in good condition. Soda-
and-acid and foam fire extinguishers shall be tested by discharging the 
contents, cleaning thoroughly, and then refilling. Carbon dioxide fire 
extinguishers shall be checked by weighing to determine contents and if 
found to be more than 10 percent under required contents of carbon 
dioxide shall be recharged. Pump tank fire extinguishers shall be tested 
by pumping and discharging the contents, cleaning thoroughly, and then 
refilling or recharging. Cartridge-operated type fire extinguishers 
shall be checked by examining the extinguishing agents to determine if 
in still good condition and by examining the pressure cartridge. If the 
cartridge end is punctured, or it the cartridge is otherwise determined 
to have leaked or to be in an unsuitable condition, the pressure 
cartridge shall be rejected and a new one inserted. Stored pressure type 
extinguishers shall be checked by determining that the pressure gage is 
in the operating range, and the full charge of extinguishing agent is in 
the chamber. The hoses and nozzles of all fire extinguishers shall be 
inspected to

[[Page 23]]

see that they are clear and in good condition.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 54-46, 19 FR 
8708, Dec. 18, 1954; CGFR 59-21, 24 FR 7196; Sept. 5, 1959; CGFR 60-17, 
25 FR 2667, Mar. 30, 1960; CGFR 62-17, 27 FR 9047, Sept. 11, 1962]



Sec. 167.45-75   Fire extinguishers for emergency powerplants.

    In compartments where emergency lighting and wireless units are 
located, two fire extinguishers approved by the Coast Guard or the Navy, 
of either carbon dioxide or dry chemical type, shall be permanently 
located at the most accessible points. In addition, two fire 
extinguishers of the above types, or foam type, shall be permanently 
located so as to be readily accessible to the emergency fuel tanks 
containing gasoline, benzine or naphtha. Carbon tetrachloride type fire 
extinguishers shall be removed on or before January 1, 1962. Existing 
installations of such extinguishers may be continued in use if in good 
and serviceable condition until the removal date.

[CGFR 58-29, 23 FR 6882, Sept. 6, 1958]



Sec. 167.45-80   Fire axes.

    (a) All nautical school ships shall be provided with fire axes, as 
follows:

                                                                        
                                                                 Number 
                                                                 of axes
                                                                        
Gross tons of nautical school ships:                                    
  All not over 50 tons........................................         1
  All over 50 tons and not over 200 tons......................         2
  All over 200 tons and not over 500 tons.....................         4
  All over 500 tons and not over 1,000 tons...................         6
  All over 1,000 tons.........................................         8
                                                                        

    (b) All fire axes shall be located so as to be readily found in time 
of need, shall not be used for general purposes, and shall be kept in 
good condition.



                     Subpart 167.50--Accommodations



Sec. 167.50-1   Hospital accommodations.

    Each nautical school ship, which makes voyages of more than 3 days' 
duration between ports and carries 12 or more persons, shall be equipped 
with a compartment suitably separated from other spaces for hospital 
purposes, and such compartment shall have at least 1 bunk for every 12 
persons allowed to be carried: Provided, That not more than 6 bunks 
shall be required in any case.



                Subpart 167.55--Special Markings Required



Sec. 167.55-1  Draft marks and draft indicating systems.

    (a) All vessels must have draft marks plainly and legibly visible 
upon the stem and upon the sternpost or rudderpost or at any place at 
the stern of the vessel as may be necessary for easy observance. The 
bottom of each mark must indicate the draft.
    (b) The draft must be taken from the bottom of the keel to the 
surface of the water at the location of the marks.
    (c) In cases where the keel does not extend forward or aft to the 
location of the draft marks, due to a raked stem or cut away skeg, the 
draft must be measured from a line projected from the bottom of the keel 
forward or aft, as the case may be, to the location of the draft marks.
    (d) In cases where a vessel may have a skeg or other appendage 
extending locally below the line of the keel, the draft at the end of 
the vessel adjacent to such appendage must be measured to a line tangent 
to the lowest part of such appendage and parallel to the line of the 
bottom of the keel.
    (e) Draft marks must be separated so that the projections of the 
marks onto a vertical plane are of uniform height equal to the vertical 
spacing between consecutive marks.
    (f) Draft marks must be painted in contrasting color to the hull.
    (g) In cases where draft marks are obscured due to operational 
constraints or by protrusions, the vessel must be fitted with a reliable 
draft indicating system from which the bow and stern drafts can be 
determined.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41824, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 167.55-5  Marking of fire and emergency equipment.

    Marking of fire and emergency apparatus, watertight doors, lifeboat 
embarkation stations and direction signs, stateroom notices, 
instructions for changing steering gears, etc., shall be carried out as 
follows:

[[Page 24]]

    (a) General alarm bell switch. The general alarm bell switch in the 
pilot-house or fire control station shall be clearly marked with 
lettering on a brass plate or with a sign in red letters on suitable 
background: ``General Alarm.''
    (b) General alarm bells. General alarm bells shall be marked in not 
less than \1/2\-inch red letters: ``General Alarm--When Bell Rings Go to 
Your Station.''
    (c) Steam, foam or CO2 fire smothering apparatus. Steam, foam 
or CO2 fire smothering apparatus shall be marked ``Steam Fire 
Apparatus'' or ``Foam Fire Apparatus'' or ``CO2 Fire Apparatus'', 
as appropriate, in not less than 2-inch red letters. The valves of all 
branch piping leading to the several compartments shall be distinctly 
marked to indicate the compartments or parts of the nautical school ship 
to which they lead.
    (d) Fire hose stations. At each fire hose valve there shall be 
marked in not less than 2-inch red letters and figures ``Fire Station 
1,'' 2, 3, etc.
    (e) Emergency squad equipment. Lockers or spaces containing 
equipment for use of the emergency squad shall be marked ``Emergency 
Squad Equipment.'' Lockers or spaces where oxygen or fresh air breathing 
apparatus is stowed shall be marked ``Oxygen Breathing Apparatus'' or 
``Fresh Air Breathing Apparatus,'' as appropriate.
    (f) Fire extinguishers. Each fire extinguisher shall be marked with 
a number and the location where stowed shall be marked in corresponding 
numbers in not less than 1-inch figures.
    (g) Watertight doors. Each watertight door shall be numbered in at 
least 2-inch letters and figures ``W.T.D. 1,'' 2, 3, etc. The color of 
the marking shall be in contrast to the background. All watertight door 
remote hand-closing stations shall be marked in at least 2-inch letters 
and figures ``W. T. D. 1,'' 2, 3, etc. The direction of operation of the 
lever or wheel provided to close or open the door at all watertight door 
remote hand-closing stations shall be marked. The color of the sign 
shall contrast with the background.
    (h) Instructions for changing steering gear. Instructions in at 
least \1/2\-inch letters and figures shall be posted at each emergency 
steering station and in the steering engine room, relating in order, the 
different steps to be taken in changing to the emergency steering gear. 
Each clutch, gear wheel, level, valve, or switch which is used during 
the changeover shall be numbered or lettered on a brass plate or painted 
so that the markings can be recognized at a reasonable distance. The 
instructions shall indicate each clutch or pin to be ``in'' or ``out'' 
and each valve or switch which is to be ``opened'' or ``closed'' in 
shifting to any means of steering for which the vessel is equipped. 
Instructions shall be included to line up all steering wheels and rudder 
amidship before changing gears.
    (i) Rudder orders. At all steering stations, there shall be 
installed a suitable notice on the wheel or device or at such other 
position as to be directly in the helmsman's line of vision, to indicate 
the direction in which the wheel or device must be turned for ``right 
rudder'' and for ``left rudder.''
    (j) Lifesaving appliances. Each lifesaving appliance must be marked 
as required under subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) 
of this chapter.

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 54-46, 19 FR 
8708, Dec. 18, 1954; CGFR 60-36, 25 FR 10642, Nov. 5, 1960; CGD 73-24R, 
39 FR 10139, Mar. 18, 1974; CGD 75-040, 40 FR 58454, Dec. 17, 1975; CGD 
84-069, 61 FR 25311, May 20, 1996]



               Subpart 167.60--Certificates of Inspection



Sec. 167.60-1   Issuance by Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

    (a) Every nautical school ship shall be inspected annually and if in 
the opinion of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, the nautical 
school ship can be operated safely, he shall issue a certificate of 
inspection with the following indorsement: ``Nautical School Ship'' in 
lieu of the classification ``Passenger vessel'', ``cargo vessel'', etc.
    (b) When a nautical school ship, in the opinion of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, may be navigated on the waters of any ocean 
or the Gulf of Mexico more than 20 nautical miles offshore, the route 
shall be designated on certificate of inspection as ``Ocean''.

[[Page 25]]

    (c) When a nautical school ship, in the opinion of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, may be navigated on the waters of any ocean 
or the Gulf of Mexico 20 nautical miles or less offshore, the route 
shall be designated on the certificate of inspection as ``Coastwise''.
    (d) Documented vessels of 500 gross tons or more, certificated for 
ocean or coastwise service, which do not comply with the requirements of 
SOLAS 74 for cargo vessels shall have their certificate of inspection 
endorsed ``Domestic Voyages Only.''

[CGFR 51-11, 16 FR 3218, Apr. 12, 1951, as amended by CGFR 69-127, 35 FR 
9982, June 17, 1970; CGD 90-008, 55 FR 30663, July 26, 1990]



Sec. 167.60-5   Period of time for which valid.

    A certificate of inspection for any period less than one year shall 
not be issued, but nothing herein shall be construed as preventing the 
revocation or suspension of a certificate of inspection in case such 
process is authorized by law.



Sec. 167.60-10   Exhibition of certificate of inspection.

    On every nautical school ship, the original certificate of 
inspection shall be framed under glass and posted in a conspicuous 
place.



Sec. 167.60-15   Manning and persons allowed to be carried.

    The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, shall specify in the 
Certificate of Inspection the minimum complement of officers and crew 
necessary for the safe navigation of the vessel and shall specify the 
total number of persons allowed to be carried.

[41 FR 19647, May 13, 1976]



             Subpart 167.65--Special Operating Requirements



Sec. 167.65-1  Emergency training, musters, and drills.

    Onboard training, musters, and drills must be in accordance with 
subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25311, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 167.65-5   Flashing the rays of a searchlight or other blinding light.

    Flashing the rays of a searchlight or other blinding light onto the 
bridge or into the pilothouse of any vessel under way is prohibited.



Sec. 167.65-15  Routing instructions; strict compliance with.

    All licensed masters, officers, and certificated seamen on nautical 
school ships must strictly comply with routing instructions issued by 
competent naval authority.

[CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26010, May 23, 1996]



Sec. 167.65-20   Unnecessary whistling.

    Unnecessary sounding of a nautical school ship's whistle is 
prohibited within any harbor limits of the United States.



Sec. 167.65-25   Steering gear tests.

    On all nautical school ships making voyages of more than 48 hours' 
duration, the entire steering gear, the whistle, the means of 
communication and the signaling appliances between the bridge or 
pilothouse and engine room shall be examined and tested by an officer of 
the nautical school ship within a period of not more than 12 hours 
before leaving port. All nautical school ships making voyages of less 
than 48 hours' duration shall be so examined and tested at least once in 
every week. The fact and time of such examination and test shall be 
recorded in the log book.



Sec. 167.65-35  Use of auto pilot.

    Except as provided in 33 CFR 164.15, when the automatic pilot is 
used in--
    (a) Areas of high traffic density;
    (b) Conditions of restricted visibility; and
    (c) All other hazardous navigational situations, the master shall 
ensure that--
    (1) It is possible to immediately establish human control of the 
ship's steering:
    (2) A competent person is ready at all times to take over steering 
control; and
    (3) The changeover from automatic to manual steering and vice versa 
is

[[Page 26]]

made by, or under, the supervision of the officer of the watch.

[CFR 75-074, 42 FR 5964, Jan. 17, 1977]



Sec. 167.65-38  Loading doors.

    (a) The master of a vessel fitted with loading doors shall assure 
that all loading doors are closed watertight and secured during the 
entire voyage except that--
    (1) If a door cannot be opened or closed while the vessel is at a 
dock, it may be open while the vessel approaches and draws away from the 
dock, but only as far as necessary to enable the door to be immediately 
operated.
    (2) If needed to operate the vessel, or embark and disembark 
passengers when the vessel is at anchor in protected waters, loading 
doors may be open provided that the master determines that the safety of 
the vessel is not impaired.
    (b) For the purposes of this section, ``loading doors'' include all 
weathertight ramps, bow visors, and openings used to load personnel, 
equipment, and stores, in the collision bulkhead, the side shell, and 
the boundaries of enclosed superstructures that are continuous with the 
shell of the vessel.
    (c) The master shall enter into the log book the time and door 
location of every closing of the loading doors.
    (d) The master shall enter into the log book any opening of the 
doors in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section setting forth 
the time of the opening of the doors and the circumstances warranting 
this action.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41824, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 167.65-40   Draft.

    The master of every nautical school ship over 50 gross tons shall, 
whenever leaving port, enter the maximum draft of his nautical school 
ship in the log book.



Sec. 167.65-42  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability requirements.

    (a) After loading and prior to departure and at all other times 
necessary to assure the safety of the vessel, the master shall determine 
that the vessel complies with all applicable stability requirements in 
the vessel's trim and stability book, stability letter, Certificate of 
Inspection, and Load Line Certificate, as the case may be, and then 
enter an attestation statement of the verification in the log book. The 
vessel may not depart until it is in compliance with these requirements.
    (b) When determining compliance with applicable stability 
requirements the vessel's draft, trim, and stability must be determined 
as necessary and any stability calculations made in support of the 
determination must be retained on board the vessel for the duration of 
the voyage.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41824, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 167.65-45   Notice to mariners; aids to navigation.

    (a) Officers are required to acquaint themselves with the latest 
information published by the Coast Guard and the U.S. Navy regarding 
aids to navigation, and neglect to do so is evidence of neglect of duty. 
It is desirable that nautical school ships navigating oceans and 
coastwise and Great Lakes waters shall have available in the pilothouse 
for convenient reference at all times a file of the applicable Notice to 
Mariners.
    (b) Weekly Notices to Mariners (Great Lakes Edition), published by 
the Commander, 9th Coast Guard District, contain announcements and 
information on changes in aids to navigation and other marine 
information affecting the safety of navigation on the Great Lakes. These 
notices may be obtained free of charge, by making application to 
Commander, 9th Coast Guard District.
    (c) Weekly Notices to Mariners (Worldwide coverage) are prepared 
jointly by the U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office, the U.S. Coast and 
Geodetic Survey and the U.S. Coast Guard. They include changes in aids 
to navigation in assembled form for the 1st, 3d, 5th, 7th, Greater 
Antilles Section, 8th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 17th Coast Guard 
Districts. Foreign marine information is also included in these notices. 
These notices are available without charge from the U.S. Naval 
Oceanographic Office, Washington, DC 20390, Branch Oceanographic 
Offices, U.S.

[[Page 27]]

Collector of Customs of the major seaports in the United States and are 
also on file in the U.S. Consulates where they may be inspected.
    (d) As appropriate for the intended voyage, all nautical school 
ships must carry adequate and up-to-date--
    (1) Charts;
    (2) Sailing directions;
    (3) Coast pilots;
    (4) Light lists;
    (5) Notices to mariners;
    (6) Tide tables;
    (7) Current tables; and
    (8) All other nautical publications necessary. \1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ For United States vessels in one or on the navigable waters of 
the United States, see 33 CFR 164.33.

[CGFR 66-33, 31 FR 15298, Dec. 6, 1966, as amended by CGFR 75-074, 42 FR 
5964, Jan. 31, 1977]



Sec. 167.65-50  Posting placards of lifesaving signals.

    On all vessels to which this subpart applies there must be readily 
available to the deck officer of the watch a placard containing 
instructions for the use of the life saving signals set forth in 
regulation 16, chapter V, of the International Convention for Safety of 
Life at Sea, 1974. These signals must be used by vessels or persons in 
distress when communicating with lifesaving stations and maritime rescue 
units.

[CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26010, May 23, 1996]



Sec. 167.65-60   Examination of boilers and machinery by engineer.

    It shall be the duty of an engineer when he assumes charge of the 
boilers and machinery of a nautical school ship to examine the same 
forthwith and thoroughly, and if he finds any part thereof in bad 
condition, he shall immediately report the facts to the master, owner, 
or agent, and to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, of the 
district, who shall thereupon investigate the matter and take such 
actions as may be necessary.



Sec. 167.65-65  Notice and reporting of casualty and voyage records.

    The requirements for providing notice and reporting of marine 
casualties and for retaining voyage records are contained in part 4 of 
this chapter.

[CGD 84-099, 52 FR 47536, Dec. 14, 1987]



Sec. 167.65-70   Reports of accidents, repairs, and unsafe boilers and machinery by engineers.

    (a) Before making repairs to a boiler of a nautical school ship the 
engineer in charge shall report, in writing, the nature of such repairs 
to the nearest Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, where such repairs 
are to be made.
    (b) And it shall be the duty of all engineers when an accident 
occurs to the boilers or machinery in their charge tending to render the 
further use of such boilers or machinery unsafe until repairs are made, 
or when, by reason of ordinary wear, such boilers or machinery have 
become unsafe, to report the same to the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection, immediately upon the arrival of the nautical school ship at 
the first port reached subsequent to the accident, or after the 
discovery of such unsafe condition by said engineer.



PART 168--CIVILIAN NAUTICAL SCHOOL VESSELS--Table of Contents




                  Subpart 168.01--Authority and Purpose

Sec.
168.01-1  Purpose of regulations.
168.01-5  Assignment of functions.
168.01-10  Authority for regulations.

                  Subpart 168.05--General Requirements

168.05-1  Application of passenger vessel inspection laws.
168.05-5  Application of passenger vessel inspection regulations.
168.05-10  Subdivision and stability.
168.05-15  Right of appeal.

         Subpart 168.10--Definitions of Terms Used in this Part

168.10-1  Nautical school vessels.
168.10-5  Civilian nautical school.

                     Subpart 168.15--Accommodations

168.15-1  Intent.
168.15-5  Location of crew spaces.
168.15-10  Construction.
168.15-15  Size.
168.15-20  Equipment.
168.15-25  Washrooms.
168.15-30  Toilet rooms.
168.15-35  Hospital space.

[[Page 28]]

168.15-40  Lighting.
168.15-45  Heating and cooling.
168.15-50  Ventilation.
168.15-55  Screening.
168.15-60  Inspection.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3305, 3306; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 52-43, 17 FR 9543, Oct. 18, 1952, unless otherwise 
noted.



                  Subpart 168.01--Authority and Purpose



Sec. 168.01-1   Purpose of regulations.

    (a) The purpose of the regulations in this part is to set forth 
uniform minimum requirements for vessels, whether being navigated or 
not, which are used by or in connection with any civilian nautical 
school, except vessels of the Navy or Coast Guard.



Sec. 168.01-5   Assignment of functions.

    (a) The Department of Transportation Act (Pub. L. 89-670, 80 Stat. 
931-950, 49 U.S.C. 1651-1659), transferred to and vested in the 
Secretary of Transportation ``* * * all functions, powers, and duties, 
relating to the Coast Guard, of the Secretary of the Treasury and of 
other officers and offices of the Department of the Treasury'' 
(subsection 6(b)(1), 49 U.S.C. 1655(b)). This transfer is subject to 
certain conditions, modifications, and exceptions as set forth in such 
act. By a rule in 49 CFR 1.4(a) the Secretary of Transportation 
delegated to the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, authority to exercise 
certain functions, powers, and duties as set forth in subsections 
6(a)(4), 6(b)(1), and 6(g) of such act (49 U.S.C. 1655), subject to 
conditions, exceptions and modifications as described in 49 CFR part 1. 
By a rule in 49 CFR 1.9 the Secretary of Transportation continued in 
effect actions taken prior to April 1, 1967.
    (b) The Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, in a notice dated March 31, 
1967, and effective April 1, 1967 (32 FR 5611), approved the 
continuation of orders, rules, regulations, policies, procedures, 
privileges, waivers, and other actions, which had been made, allowed, 
granted, or issued prior to April 1, 1967, and provided that they shall 
continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, 
repealed, superseded, or set aside by appropriate authority.

[CGFR 68-32, 33 FR 5724, Apr. 12, 1968]



Sec. 168.01-10   Authority for regulations.

    (a) The authority to prescribe regulations is in section 3 of the 
act of June 12, 1940, as amended (sec. 3, 54 Stat. 346, 46 U.S.C. 1333).



                  Subpart 168.05--General Requirements



Sec. 168.05-1   Application of passenger vessel inspection laws.

    (a) All laws covering the inspection of passenger vessels are hereby 
made applicable to all vessels or other floating equipment used by or in 
connection with any civilian nautical school, whether such vessels or 
other floating equipment are being navigated or not, except vessels of 
the Navy or Coast Guard.



Sec. 168.05-5  Application of passenger vessel inspection regulations.

    Where the requirements are not covered specifically in this part, 
all the regulations applying to passenger vessels in subchapters E (Load 
Lines), F (Marine Engineering), H (Passenger Vessels), J (Electrical 
Engineering), K (Small Passenger Vessels Carrying More Than 150 
Passengers Or With Overnight Accommadations For More Than 49 
Passengers), P (Manning), Q (Specifications), T (Small Passenger 
Vessels), and W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter 
are hereby made applicable to all vessels or other floating equipment 
used by or in connection with any civilian nautical school, whether such 
vessels or other floating equipment are being navigated or not, except 
vessels of the Navy or Coast Guard.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 168.05-10  Subdivision and stability.

    Each vessel must meet the applicable requirements in Subchapter S of 
this chapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983]

[[Page 29]]



Sec. 168.05-15  Right of appeal.

    Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under 
this part, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal therefrom in 
accordance with subpart 1.03 of this chapter.

[CGD 88-033, 54 FR 50381, Dec. 6, 1989]



         Subpart 168.10--Definitions of Terms Used in This Part



Sec. 168.10-1  Nautical school vessels.

    The term nautical school vessel means a vessel operated by or in 
connection with a nautical school or an educational institution under 
Section 13 of the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 1986.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 168.10-5  Civilian nautical school.

    The term civilian nautical school means any school or branch thereof 
operated and conducted in the United States, except State nautical 
schools and schools operated by the United States or any agency thereof, 
which offers instruction for the primary purpose of training for service 
in the merchant marine.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



                     Subpart 168.15--Accommodations

    Source: CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26010, May 23, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 168.15-1  Intent.

    The accommodations provided for members of the crew, passengers, 
cadets, students, instructors or any other persons at any time quartered 
on board a vessel to which this part applies must be securely 
constructed, properly lighted, heated, drained, ventilated, equipped, 
located, arranged and insulated from undue noise, heat and odors.



Sec. 168.15-5  Location of crew spaces.

    (a) Quarters must be located so that sufficient fresh air and light 
are obtainable compatible with accepted practice or good arrangement and 
construction.
    (b) Unless approved by the Commandant, quarters, must not be located 
forward of the collision bulkhead, nor may such section or sections of 
any deck head occupied by quarters be below the deepest load line.



Sec. 168.15-10  Construction.

    (a) The accommodations provided must be securely constructed, 
properly lighted, heated, drained, ventilated, equipped, located, 
arranged, and insulated from undue noise, heat, and odors.
    (b) All accommodations must be constructed and arranged so that they 
can be kept in a clean, workable, and sanitary condition.



Sec. 168.15-15   Size.

    (a) Sleeping accommodations must be divided into rooms, no one of 
which may berth more than six persons. The purpose for which each space 
is to be used and the number of persons it may accommodate, must be 
marked outside the space.
    (b) Each room must be of such size that there is at least 1.8 square 
meters (20 square feet) of deck area and a volume of at least 4.2 cubic 
meters (150 cubic feet) for each person accommodated. In measuring 
sleeping quarters, any furnishings contained therein are not to be 
deducted from the total volume or from the deck area.

[CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26010, May 23, 1996; 61 FR 35138, July 5, 1996]



Sec. 168.15-20   Equipment.

    (a) Each person shall have a separate berth and not more than 1 
berth may be placed above another. The berths must be of metal 
framework. The overall size of a berth must not be less than 68 
centimeters (27 inches) wide by 190 centimeters (75 inches) long. Where 
2 tiers of berths are fitted, the bottom of the lower berth must not be 
less than 30 centimeters (12 inches) above the deck, and the bottom of 
the upper must not be less than 76 centimeters (30 inches) from both the 
bottom of the lower and from the deck overhead. The berths must not be 
obstructed by pipes, ventilating ducts, or other installations.

[[Page 30]]

    (b) A metal locker must be provided for each person accommodated in 
a room.



Sec. 168.15-25   Washrooms.

    (a) There must be provided 1 shower for each 10 persons or fraction 
thereof and 1 wash basin for each 6 persons or fraction thereof for all 
persons who do not occupy rooms to which private or semi-private 
facilities are attached.
    (b) All wash basins and showers must be equipped with adequate 
plumbing, including hot and cold running fresh water.

[CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26010, May 23, 1996; 61 FR 35138, July 5, 1996]



Sec. 168.15-30   Toilet rooms.

    (a) There must be provided 1 toilet for each 10 persons or fraction 
thereof to be accommodated who do not occupy rooms to which private 
facilities are attached.
    (b) The toilet rooms must be located convenient to the sleeping 
quarters of the persons to which they are allotted but must not open 
directly into such quarters except when they are provided as private or 
semiprivate facilities.
    (c) Where more than 1 toilet is located in a space or compartment, 
each toilet must be separated by partitions.



Sec. 168.15-35   Hospital space.

    (a) Each vessel must be provided with a hospital space. This space 
must be situated with due regard for the comfort of the sick so that 
they may receive proper attention in all weather.
    (b) The hospital must be suitably separated from other spaces and 
must be used for the care of the sick and for no other purpose.
    (c) The hospital must be fitted with berths in the ratio of 1 berth 
to every 12 persons, but the number of berths need not exceed 6.
    (d) [Reserved]
    (e) The hospital must have a toilet, wash basin, and bathtub or 
shower conveniently located. Other necessary suitable equipment of a 
sanitary type such as a clothes locker, a table and a seat must be 
provided.



Sec. 168.15-40   Lighting.

    All quarters, including washrooms, toilet rooms, and hospital 
spaces, must be adequately lighted.



Sec. 168.15-45   Heating and cooling.

    All quarters must be adequately heated and cooled in a manner 
suitable to the purpose of the space.



Sec. 168.15-50   Ventilation.

    (a) All quarters must be adequately ventilated in a manner suitable 
to the purpose of the space and route of the vessel.
    (b) When mechanical ventilation is provided for sleeping rooms, 
washrooms, toilet rooms, hospital spaces, and messrooms, these spaces 
must be supplied with fresh air equal to at least 10 times the volume of 
the room each hour.



Sec. 168.15-55   Screening.

    Provision must be made to protect the quarters against the admission 
of insects.



Sec. 168.15-60   Inspection.

    The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, shall inspect the quarters 
of every such vessel at least once in each month or at such time as the 
vessel enters an American port and shall satisfy himself that such 
vessel is in compliance with the regulations in this part.



PART 169--SAILING SCHOOL VESSELS--Table of Contents




                   Subpart 169.100--General Provisions

Sec.
169.101  Purpose.
169.103  Applicability.
169.107  Definitions.
169.109  Equivalents.
169.111  Administrative procedures.
169.112  Special consideration.
169.113  Right of appeal.
169.115  Incorporation by reference.
169.117  OMB control numbers.
169.119  Vessel status.
169.121  Loadlines.

              Subpart 169.200--Inspection and Certification

                        Certificate of Inspection

169.201  When required.

[[Page 31]]

169.203  Description.
169.205  How to obtain or renew.
169.207  Period of validity.
169.209  Routes permitted.
169.211  Permit to proceed for repair.
169.213  Permit to carry excursion party.
169.215  Certificate of inspection amendment.
169.217  Posting.

                          Letter of Designation

169.218  Procedures for designating sailing school vessels.
169.219  Renewal of letter of designation.

                      Inspection for Certification

169.220  General.
169.221  Initial inspection for certification.
169.222  Scope of inspection for certification.
169.223  Subsequent inspections for certification.

                              Reinspection

169.225  When required.
169.227  Scope.

                        Drydocking or Hauling Out

169.229  Drydock examination and internal structural examination 
          intervals.
169.231  Definitions relating to hull examinations.
169.233  Notice and plans required.
169.234  Integral fuel oil tank examinations.

                         Repairs and Alterations

169.235  Permission required.
169.236  Inspection and testing required.

                               Inspections

169.237  Inspection standards.
169.239  Hull.
169.241  Machinery.
169.243  Electrical.
169.245  Lifesaving equipment.
169.247  Firefighting equipment.
169.249  Pressure vessels.
169.251  Steering apparatus.
169.253  Miscellaneous systems and equipment.
169.255  Sanitary inspection.
169.257  Unsafe practices.
169.259  Limitations of inspections.

              Subpart 169.300--Construction and Arrangement

                                  Plans

169.305  Plans required.
169.307  Plans for sister vessels.

                             Hull Structure

169.309  Structural standards.
169.311  Fire protection.
169.313  Means of escape.
169.315  Ventilation (other than machinery spaces).

                              Living Spaces

169.317  Accommodations.
169.319  Washrooms and toilets.
169.323  Furniture and furnishings.

                            Rails and Guards

169.327  Deck rails.
169.329  Storm rails.
169.331  Guards in hazardous locations.

    Subpart 169.400--Watertight Integrity, Subdivision, and Stability

169.401  Applicability.

         Subpart 169.500--Lifesaving and Firefighting Equipment

                      Lifesaving Equipment--General

169.505  Equipment installed but not required.
169.507  Responsibility of master.
169.509  Approval for repairs and alterations.

                      Primary Lifesaving Equipment

169.513  Types of primary equipment.
169.515  Number required.
169.517  Rescue boat.
169.519  Availability.
169.521  Stowage.

               Equipment for Primary Lifesaving Apparatus

169.525  General.
169.527  Required equipment for lifeboats.
169.529  Description of lifeboat equipment.
169.531  Required equipment for liferafts.
169.535  Required equipment for lifefloats.
169.537  Description of equipment for lifefloats.

                       Personal Flotation Devices

169.539  Type required.
169.541  Number required.
169.543  Distribution and stowage.
169.545  Markings.

                     Additional Lifesaving Equipment

169.549  Ring lifebuoys and water lights.
169.551  Exposure suits.
169.553  Pyrotechnic distress signals.
169.555  Emergency position indicating radio beacon (EPIRB).
169.556  Work vests.

                         Firefighting Equipment

169.559  Fire pumps.
169.561  Firemain.
169.563  Firehose.
169.564  Fixed extinguishing system, general.
169.565  Fixed carbon dioxide system.
169.567  Portable extinguishers.

[[Page 32]]

169.569  Fire axes.

                Subpart 169.600--Machinery and Electrical

169.601  General.

                Internal Combustion Engine Installations

169.605  General.
169.607  Keel cooler installations.
169.608  Grid cooler installations.
169.609  Exhaust systems.
169.611  Carburetors.

                              Fuel Systems

169.613  Gasoline fuel systems.
169.615  Diesel fuel systems.

                            Steering Systems

169.618  General.
169.619  Reliability.
169.621  Communications.
169.622  Rudder angle indicators.
169.623  Power-driven steering systems.

                               Ventilation

169.625  Compartments containing diesel machinery.
169.627  Compartments containing diesel fuel tanks.
169.629  Compartments containing gasoline machinery or fuel tanks.
169.631  Separation of machinery and fuel tank spaces from accommodation 
          spaces.

                             Piping Systems

169.640  General.
169.642  Vital systems.

                              Bilge Systems

169.650  General.
169.652  Bilge piping.
169.654  Bilge pumps.

                               Electrical

169.662  Hazardous locations.

 Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of Less Than 50 Volts 
                 on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons

169.664  Applicability.
169.665  Name plates.
169.666  Generators and motors.
169.667  Switchboards.
169.668  Batteries.
169.669  Radiotelephone equipment.
169.670  Circuit breakers.
169.671  Accessories.
169.672  Wiring for power and lighting circuits.
169.673  Installation of wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of 50 Volts or More on 
                   Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons

169.674  Applicability.
169.675  Generators and motors.
169.676  Grounded electrical systems.
169.677  Equipment protection and enclosure.
169.678  Main distribution panels and switchboards.
169.679  Wiring for power and lighting circuits.
169.680  Installation of wiring for power and lighting circuits.
169.681  Disconnect switches and devices.
169.682  Distribution and circuit loads.
169.683  Overcurrent protection, general.
169.684  Overcurrent protection for motors and motor branch circuits.
169.685  Electric heating and cooking equipment.
169.686  Shore power.

     Electrical Installations on Vessels of 100 Gross Tons and Over

169.687  General.
169.688  Power supply.
169.689  Demand loads.
169.690  Lighting branch circuits.
169.691  Navigation lights.
169.692  Remote stop stations.
169.693  Engine order telegraph systems.

  Subpart 169.700--Vessel Control, Miscellaneous Systems, and Equipment

169.703  Cooking and heating.
169.705  Mooring equipment.
169.709  Compass.
169.711  Emergency lighting.
169.713  Engineroom communication system.
169.715  Radio.
169.717  Fireman's outfit.
169.721  Storm sails and halyards (exposed and partially protected 
          waters only).
169.723  Safety belts.
169.725  First aid kit.
169.726  Radar reflector.

                                Markings

169.730  General alarm bell switch.
169.731  General alarm bells.
169.732  Carbon dioxide alarm.
169.733  Fire extinguishing branch lines.
169.734  Fire extinguishing system controls.
169.735  Fire hose stations.
169.736  Self-contained breathing apparatus.
169.737  Hand portable fire extinguishers.
169.738  Emergency lights.
169.739  Lifeboats.
169.740  Liferafts and lifefloats.
169.741  Personal flotation devices and ring life buoys.
169.743  Portable magazine chests.
169.744  Emergency position indicating radio beacon (EPIRB).
169.745  Escape hatches and emergency exits.

[[Page 33]]

169.746  Fuel shutoff valves.
169.747  Watertight doors and hatches.
169.750  Radio call sign.
169.755  Draft marks and draft indicating systems.

                       Subpart 169.800--Operations

169.805  Exhibition of licenses.
169.807  Notice of casualty.
169.809  Charts and nautical publications.
169.813  Station bills.
169.815  Emergency signals.
169.817  Master to instruct ship's company.
169.819  Manning of lifeboats and liferafts.
169.821  Patrol person.
169.823  Openings.
169.824  Compliance with provisions of certificate of inspection.
169.825  Wearing of safety belts.

                     Tests, Drills, and Inspections

169.826  Steering, communications and control.
169.827  Hatches and other openings.
169.829  Emergency lighting and power systems.
169.831  Emergency position indicating radio beacon (EPIRB).
169.833  Fire and boat drills.
169.837  Lifeboats, liferafts, and lifefloats.
169.839  Firefighting equipment.
169.840  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability 
          requirements.
169.841  Logbook entries.
169.847  Lookouts.
169.849  Posting placards containing instructions for launching and 
          inflating inflatable liferafts.
169.853  Display of plans.
169.855  Pre-underway training.
169.857  Disclosure of safety standards.

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(j); 46 U.S.C. 3306, 6101; E.O. 11735, 38 
FR 21243, 3 CFR, 1971-1975 Comp., p. 793; 49 CFR 1.45, 1.46; 
Sec. 169.117 also issued under the authority of 44 U.S.C. 3507.

    Source: CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986, unless otherwise noted.



                   Subpart 169.100--General Provisions



Sec. 169.101  Purpose.

    The regulations in this part set forth uniform requirements which 
are suited to the particular characteristics and specialized operations 
of sailing school vessels as defined in Title 46, United States Code 
section 2101(30).



Sec. 169.103  Applicability.

    (a) This subchapter applies to each foreign and domestic vessel 
operating as a sailing school vessel except as follows:
    (1) A vessel of a foreign nation signatory to the International 
Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea and which has on board a 
current valid Safety Certificate; or
    (2) A vessel of a foreign nation having inspection laws 
approximating those of the United States together with reciprocal 
arrangements with the United States and which has on board a current 
valid certificate of inspection issued by its government.
    (b) This subchapter does not apply to--
    (1) Any vessel operating exclusively on inland waters which are not 
navigable waters of the United States;
    (2) Any vessel while laid up, dismantled, and out of service;
    (3) Any vessel with title vested in the United States and which is 
used for public purposes except vessels of the U.S. Maritime 
Administration;
    (4) Any vessel carrying one or more passengers; or
    (5) Any vessel operating under the authority of a current valid 
certificate of inspection issued in accordance with the requirements of 
Subchapter H or T, 46 CFR parts 70 through 78 and parts 175 through 187, 
respectively.
    (c) A vessel which engages in trade or commerce or carries one or 
more passengers, cannot operate under a certificate of inspection as a 
sailing school vessel, but must meet the rules and regulations governing 
the service in which it is engaged.



Sec. 169.107  Definitions.

    (a) Approved means accepted by the Commandant unless otherwise 
stated.
    (b) Coast Guard District Commander means an officer of the Coast 
Guard designated by the Commandant to command all Coast Guard activities 
within a district.
    (c) Commandant means the Commandant of the Coast Guard or an 
authorized representative of the Commandant.
    (d) Existing vessel means a sailing school vessel, whose keel was 
laid prior to (January 9, 1986), which applies for certification as a 
sailing school vessel prior to (January 9, 1987), and whose

[[Page 34]]

initial inspection for certification is completed prior to (January 9, 
1988).
    (e) Exposed Waters means waters more than 37 kilometers (20 nautical 
miles) from the mouth of a harbor of safe refuge, or other waters the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection determines to present special 
hazards due to weather or other circumstances.
    (f) Guest means an individual on board a sailing school vessel who 
is not a member of the ship's company and has not contributed any 
consideration, either directly or indirectly, for carriage on the 
vessel. Guests are not considered passengers for the purpose of these 
regulations.
    (g) Headquarters means the Office of the Commandant, United States 
Coast Guard, Washington, DC 20593.
    (h) Instructor means any person who is aboard a sailing school 
vessel for the purpose of providing sailing instruction and is not an 
officer, operator, or member of the crew required by regulation to be 
aboard the vessel, and has not paid any consideration, either directly 
or indirectly for his or her carriage on the vessel.
    (i) Length means the mean length. It is the mean or average between 
length on deck (LOD) and length between perpendiculars (LBP). Length on 
deck (LOD) means the length between the forward-most and after-most 
points on the weather deck, excluding sheer. Length between 
perpendiculars (LBP) means the horizontal distance between the 
perpendiculars taken at the forward-most and after-most points on a 
vessel's waterline corresponding to the deepest operating draft.
    (j) Marine Inspector means any person from the civilian or military 
branch of the Coast Guard assigned by the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection or any other person designated by the Coast Guard to perform 
duties with respect to the inspection, enforcement, and administration 
of vessel safety and navigation laws and regulations.
    (k) Master means the senior licensed individual having command of 
the vessel.
    (l) New vessel means a sailing school vessel which is not an 
existing vessel.
    (m) Officer In Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) means any person 
from the civilian or military branch of the Coast Guard designated as 
such by the Commandant and who, under the direction of the Coast Guard 
District Commander, is in charge of the inspection zone in which the 
vessel is located for the performance of duties with respect to the 
inspections, enforcement, and administration of vessel safety and 
navigation laws and regulations.
    (n) Partially Protected Waters means--
    (1) Waters within 37 kilometers (20 nautical miles) of a harbor of 
safe refuge, unless determined by the OCMI to be exposed waters; and
    (2) Those portions of rivers, harbors, lakes, etc. which the OCMI 
determines not to be sheltered.
    (o) Passenger means any person carried on board a vessel other 
than--
    (1) The owner or his representative;
    (2) The master and bona fide members of the crew who are engaged in 
the business of the vessel and paid for their services;
    (3) Any employee of the owner of the vessel engaged in the business 
of the owner, except when the vessel is operating under a bareboat 
charter;
    (4) Any employee of the bareboat charterer of the vessel engaged in 
the business of the bareboat charterer;
    (5) Any quest; or
    (6) Any sailing school instructor or sailing school student.
    (p) Protected Waters means sheltered waters presenting no special 
hazards such as most rivers, harbors, lakes, etc.
    (q) Qualified Organization means an educational organization, State, 
or political subdivision of a State that owns or demise charters, and 
operates a sailing school vessel for the purpose of providing sailing 
instruction. The educational organization must satisfy the requirements 
of section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 and must be 
exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such Code, as now or hereafter 
amended.
    (r) Recognized Classification Society means the American Bureau of 
Shipping or other classification society recognized by the Commandant.
    (s) Rules of the Road means the statutory and regulatory rules 
governing navigation of vessels.
    (t) Sailing Instruction means teaching, research, and practical 
experience in

[[Page 35]]

operating vessels propelled primarily by sail, and may include--
    (1) Any subject related to that operation and the sea, including 
seamanship, navigation, oceanography, other nautical and marine 
sciences, and maritime history and literature; and
    (2) When in conjunction with a subject referred to in paragraph 
(t)(1) of this paragraph, instruction in mathematics and language arts 
skills to sailing school student having learning disabilities.
    (u) Sailing School Student means any person who is aboard a sailing 
school vessel for the purpose of receiving sailing instruction.
    (v) Sailing School Vessel means a vessel of less than 500 gross 
tons, carrying six or more individuals who are sailing school students 
or sailing school instructors, principally equipped for propulsion by 
sail even if the vessel has an auxiliary means of propulsion, and owned 
or demise chartered and operated by a qualified organization during such 
times as the vessel is operated exclusively for the purposes of sailing 
instruction.
    (w) Ship's Company means the officers and crew of a sailing school 
vessel, sailing school students, and sailing school instructors.
    (x) Watertight means designed and constructed to withstand a static 
head of water without any leakage, except that watertight equipment 
means enclosed equipment constructed so that a stream of water from a 
hose (not less than 1 inch in diameter) under head of about 35 feet from 
a distance of about 10 feet, and for a period of 5 minutes, can be 
played on the apparatus without leakage.
    (y) Weathertight means that water will not penetrate into the unit 
in any sea condition, except that weathertight equipment means equipment 
constructed or protected so that exposure to a beating rain will not 
result in the entrance of water.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 897, Jan. 9, 1986; 51 FR 3785, Jan. 30, 1986]



Sec. 169.109  Equivalents.

    Substitutes for a fitting, appliance, apparatus, or equipment, may 
be accepted by the Commandant if the substituted item is as effective 
and consistent with the requirements and minimum safety standards 
specified in this subchapter.



Sec. 169.111  Administrative procedures.

    (a) Upon receipt of a written application for inspection, the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection assigns a marine inspector to 
inspect the vessel at a mutually agreed upon time and place.
    (b) The owner or a representative shall be present during the 
inspection.
    (c) If during the inspection, the vessel or its equipment is found 
not to conform to the requirements of law or the regulations in this 
subchapter, the marine inspector lists all requirements which have not 
been met and presents the list to the owner or a representative.
    (d) In any case where the owner of a vessel or his representative 
desires further clarification of, or reconsideration of any requirement 
placed against his vessel, he may discuss the matter with the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection.



Sec. 169.112  Special consideration.

    In applying the provisions of this part, the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, may give special consideration to departures from the 
specific requirements when special circumstances or arrangements warrant 
such departures and an equivalent level of safety is provided.



Sec. 169.113  Right of appeal.

    Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under 
this part, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal therefrom in 
accordance with subpart 1.03 of this chapter.

[CGD 88-033, 54 FR 50381, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec. 169.115  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) In this subchapter portions or the entire text of certain 
industrial standards and specifications are referred to as the governing 
requirements for materials, equipment, tests, or procedures to be 
followed. These standards and specification requirements specifically 
referred to in this subchapter are the governing requirements for the 
subject matters covered unless specifically

[[Page 36]]

limited, modified, or replaced by other regulations in this subchapter.
    (b) These materials are incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register. The Office of 
the Federal Register publishes a table, ``Material Approved for 
Incorporation by Reference,'' which appears in the Finding Aids section 
of this volume. In that table is found citations to the particular 
sections of this part where the material is incorporated with the 
approval by the Director of the Federal Register. To enforce any edition 
other than the one listed in paragraph (c) of this section, notice of 
change must be published in the Federal Register and the material must 
be made available. All approved material is on file at the Office of the 
Federal Register, Washington, DC 20408 and at the U.S. Coast Guard, 
Office of Design and Engineering Standards, Washington DC 20593.
    (c) The materials approved for incorporation by reference in this 
part are:

(1) American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC), P.O. Box 806, 190 Ketchum 
          Ave., Amityville, NY 11701
  P-1-73--``Safe Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and 
          Auxiliary Engines'' (1973)
  H-24.9 (g) and (h)--``Fuel Strainers and Fuel Filters'' (1975)
  H-2.5--``Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline--Design and 
          Construction'' (1981)
  A-1-78--``Marine LPG--Liquefied Petroleum Gas Systems''
  A-3-70--``Recommended Practices and Standards Covering Galley Stoves''
  A-22-78--``Marine CNG--Compressed Natural Gas Systems''
(2) National Bureau of Standards, c/o Superintendent of Documents, U.S. 
          Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 20402
  Special Pub. 440 (SD Cat. No. C13.10:490), ``Color: Universal Language 
          and Dictionary of Names'', 1976
(3) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, 
          Quincy, MA 02269
  302--``Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft,'' Chapter 6 (1980)
  306--``Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels'' (1980)
  70--``National Electrical Code,'' Article 310-8 and Table 310-13 
          (1980)
(4) Naval Publications and Forms Center, Customer Service Code 1052, 
          5801 Tabor Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19120
  Federal Specification ZZ-H-451 ``Hose, Fire, Woven-Jacketed Rubber or 
          Cambric-Lined, with Couplings, F.''
(5) Underwriters Laboratories, 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062
  UL 19-78--``Woven Jacketed, Rubber Lined Fire Hose''

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 169.117  OMB control numbers.

    (a) Purpose. This section collects and displays the control numbers 
assigned to information collection and recordkeeping requirements in 
this subchapter by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to 
the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). The Coast 
Guard intends that this section comply with the requirements of 44 
U.S.C. 3507(f) which requires that agencies display a current control 
number assigned by the Director of OMB for each approved agency 
information collection requirement.
    (b) Display.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                46 CFR part--                       OMB control No.     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.  169.111................................                  2115-0517
Sec.  169.201................................                  2115-0517
Sec.  169.205................................      2115-0007, 2115-0517,
                                                               2115-0546
Sec.  169.211................................                  2115-0517
Sec.  169.213................................                  2115-0517
Sec.  169.215................................                  2115-0517
Sec.  169.217................................                  2115-0517
Sec.  169.218................................                  2115-0546
Sec.  169.219................................                  2115-0546
Sec.  169.233................................                  2115-0554
Sec.  169.235................................                  2115-0517
Sec.  169.305................................                  2115-0095
Sec.  169.509................................                  2115-0132
Sec.  169.807................................                  2115-0003
Sec.  169.813................................                  2115-0546
Sec.  169.840................................                  2115-0589
Sec.  169.841................................       2115-0546, 2115-0071
Sec.  169.857................................                 2115-0546.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 88-072, 53 FR 
34298, Sept. 6, 1988; CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41824, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 169.119  Vessel status.

    For the purpose of 46 U.S.C. 11101, 46 App. U.S.C. 291 and 46 App. 
U.S.C. 883 a sailing school vessel is not deemed a merchant vessel or a 
vessel engaged in trade or commerce.

[[Page 37]]



Sec. 169.121  Loadlines.

    Sailing school vessels must meet the applicable loadline regulations 
contained in Subchapter E (Load Lines) of this chapter.



              Subpart 169.200--Inspection and Certification

                        Certificate of Inspection



Sec. 169.201  When required.

    (a) No sailing school vessel shall be operated without a valid 
Certificate of Inspection, Form CG-3753.
    (b) Except as noted in this subpart, each sailing school vessel 
inspected and certificated under the provisions of this subchapter must, 
during the tenure of the certificate, be in full compliance with the 
terms of the certificate when carrying six or more individuals who are 
sailing school students or sailing school instructors.
    (c) If necessary to prevent delay of the vessel, a temporary 
Certificate of Inspection, Form CG-854, is issued pending the issuance 
and delivery of the regular Certificate of Inspection, Form CG-3753. The 
temporary certificate is carried in the same manner as the regular 
certificate and is considered the same as the regular certificate of 
inspection which it represents.



Sec. 169.203  Description.

    The certificate of inspection issued to a vessel describes the 
vessel, the route which it may travel, the minimum manning requirements, 
the major lifesaving equipment carried, the minimum fire extinguishing 
equipment and life preservers required to be carried, the maximum number 
of sailing school students and instructors and the maximum number of 
persons which may be carried, the name of the owner and operator, and 
such conditions of operations as may be determined by the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection.



Sec. 169.205  How to obtain or renew.

    (a) A qualified organization attempting to obtain or renew a 
certificate of inspection for a vessel must submit to the Coast Guard 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection located in or nearest the port at 
which the inspection is to be made, the following--
    (1) An application for inspection on Form CG-3752; and
    (2) Evidence that the vessel has been designated as a sailing school 
vessel or an application for designation, as set forth in Sec. 169.218; 
and
    (3) Information concerning the program's age and physical 
qualifications for students and instructors and the ratio of students to 
instructors.
    (b) The application for initial inspection of a vessel being newly 
constructed or converted must be submitted prior to the start of such 
construction or conversion.
    (c) The construction, arrangement and equipment of all vessels must 
be acceptable to the cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, as 
a prerequisite of the issuance of the initial certificate of inspection. 
Acceptance will be based on the information, specifications, drawings 
and calculations available to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, 
and on the successful completion of an initial inspection for 
certification.
    (d) Certificates of inspection will be renewed by the issuance of 
new certificates of inspection.
    (e) The condition of the vessel and its equipment must be acceptable 
to the cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, as a prerequisite 
of the certificate of inspection renewal. Acceptance will be based on 
the condition of the vessel as found at the inspection for 
certification.



Sec. 169.207  Period of validity.

    (a) Certificates of inspection are issued for a period of two years.
    (b) Certificates of inspection may be revoked, or suspended and 
withdrawn by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, at any time for 
noncompliance with the provisions of this subchapter or requirements 
established thereunder.



Sec. 169.209  Routes permitted.

    (a) The area of operation for each vessel is designated by the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection and recorded on its Certificate of 
Inspection. Each area of operation is described on the Certificate of 
Inspection under the

[[Page 38]]

major headings ``exposed waters,'' ``partially protected waters,'' or 
``protected waters,'' as applicable. Further limitations imposed or 
extensions granted are described by reference to bodies of waters, 
geographical points, distance from geographical points, distances from 
land, depths of channel, seasonal limitations, etc.
    (b) Operation of vessels on routes of lesser severity than those 
specifically described or designated on the Certificate of Inspection 
are permitted, unless expressly prohibited on the Certificate of 
Inspection. The general order of severity is: exposed, partially 
protected, and protected waters.



Sec. 169.211  Permit to proceed for repair.

    (a) The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may issue a permit to 
proceed to another port for repair, Form CG-948, to a vessel if in his 
judgment it can be done with safety even if the Certificate of 
Inspection of the vessel has expired or is about to expire.
    (b) The permit is issued only upon the written application of the 
master, owner, or agent of the vessel.
    (c) The permit states upon its face the conditions under which it is 
issued and that guests may not be carried when operating under the 
permit. The permit must be carried in a manner similar to that described 
in Sec. 169.217(a) for a certificate of inspection.



Sec. 169.213  Permit to carry excursion party.

    (a) A vessel may be permitted to engage in a temporary excursion 
operation with a greater number of persons and/or on a more extended 
route than permitted by its certificate of inspection when in the 
opinion of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, the operation can 
be undertaken with safety. A ``Permit To Carry Excursion Party'' Form 
CG-949, is a prerequisite of such an operation.
    (b) Any Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, having jurisdiction 
may issue a permit to carry an excursion party upon the written 
application of the operator, owner or agent of the vessel.
    (c) The OCMI will reevaluate the vessel's sailing instruction 
program to ensure that the permit fits within the scope of the training 
program and that the vessel continues to meet the definition of a 
sailing school vessel.
    (d) The OCMI may require an inspection prior to the issuance of a 
permit to carry an excursion party.
    (e) The permit states upon its face the conditions under which it is 
issued, a reminder about the prohibition against carrying passengers, 
the number of persons the vessel may carry, the crew required, and 
additional lifesaving or safety equipment required, the route for which 
the permit is granted, and the dates on which the permit is valid.
    (f) The permit must be carried with the certificate of inspection. 
Any vessel operating under a permit to carry an excursion party must be 
in full compliance with the terms of its certificate of inspection as 
supplemented by the permit.



Sec. 169.215  Certificate of inspection amendment.

    (a) An amended certificate of inspection may be issued at any time 
by any Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. The amended certificate of 
inspection replaces the original. An amended certificate of inspection 
may be issued to authorize and record a change in the character of a 
vessel or in its route, equipment, ownership, operator, etc., from that 
specified in the current certificate of inspection.
    (b) A request for an amended certificate of inspection must be made 
to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, by the master, operator, 
owner, or agent of the vessel at any time there is a change in the 
character of a vessel or in its route, equipment, ownership, operation 
etc., as specified in its current certificate of inspection.
    (c) The OCMI may require an inspection prior to the issuance of an 
amended certificate of inspection.



Sec. 169.217  Posting.

    The certificate of inspection must be framed under glass or other 
suitable transparent material and posted in a conspicuous place on the 
vessel except on open boats where the certificate may be retained in a 
watertight container, which is secured to the vessel.

[[Page 39]]

                          Letter of Designation



Sec. 169.218  Procedures for designating sailing school vessels.

    (a) Upon written request by a qualified institution, a determination 
is made by the OCMI whether the vessel may be designated as a sailing 
school vessel.
    (b) The request should contain sufficient information to allow the 
OCMI to make this determination. At a minimum the following items must 
be submitted:
    (1) A detailed description of the vessel, including its 
identification number, owner, and charterer.
    (2) A specific operating plan stating precisely the intended use of 
the vessel and the intended course of instruction for sailing school 
students.
    (3) A copy of the Internal Revenue Service designation as a non-
profit, tax-exempt, organization under sections 501(a) and 501(c)(3) of 
the Internal Revenue Code.
    (4) An affidavit certifying that the owner or charterer has 
financial resources to meet any liability incurred for death or injury 
to sailing school students or sailing school instructors on voyages 
aboard the vessel, in an amount not less than $50,000 for each student 
and instructor.
    (5) Any additional information as requested by the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (c) If a designation is granted it is indicated on the certificate 
of inspection and remains valid for the duration of the certificate, 
provided all operating conditions remain unchanged.
    (d) In the event of a change, the institution must advise the OCMI 
who issued the designation. After reviewing the pertinent information 
concerning the change, the OCMI shall determine if the vessel is 
eligible to retain its designation as a sailing school vessel.



Sec. 169.219  Renewal of letter of designation.

    At least 60 days prior to the expiration date of the certificate of 
inspection, a request for renewal must be submitted in the same manner 
as described in Sec. 169.218. If the request for renewal is submitted to 
the OCMI who made the initial determination and all operating conditions 
remain unchanged, the information need not be resubmitted.

                      Inspection for Certification



Sec. 169.220  General.

    (a) An inspection is required before the issuance of a certificate 
of inspection.
    (b) An inspection for certification is not made until after receipt 
of the information required in Sec. 169.205(a) of this subchapter.



Sec. 169.221  Initial inspection for certification.

    (a) The initial inspection includes an inspection of the hull 
structure, yards, masts, spars, rigging, sails, machinery, and 
equipment, including unfired pressure vessels.
    (b) The initial inspection of a vessel being newly constructed or 
converted normally consists of a series of inspections during the 
construction or conversion.
    (c) The inspection ensures that the vessel and its equipment comply 
with the regulations in this subchapter to the extent they are 
applicable to the vessel being inspected, and are in accordance with 
approved plans. The inspection also ensures that the materials, 
workmanship and condition of all parts of the vessel and its machinery 
and equipment are in all respects satisfactory for the service intended, 
and that the vessel is in possession of a valid certificate issued by 
the Federal Communications Commission, if required.
    (d) Before construction is started, the owner, operator, or builder 
must develop plans indicating the proposed arrangement and construction 
of the vessel. This list of plans to be developed and the required 
disposition of these plans are set forth in Sec. 169.305.



Sec. 169.222  Scope of inspection for certification.

    Items normally included in an Inspection for Certification are:
    (a) Structure.
    (b) Watertight integrity.
    (c) Pressure vessels and appurtenances.
    (d) Piping.

[[Page 40]]

    (e) Auxiliary machinery.
    (f) Steering apparatus.
    (g) Electrical installations.
    (h) Lifesaving appliances.
    (i) Navigation equipment.
    (j) Fire detecting and extinguishing systems.
    (k) Pollution prevention equipment.
    (l) Sanitary conditions.
    (m) Fire hazards.
    (n) Verification of valid certificates issued by the Federal 
Communications Commission.
    (o) Lights and signals required by navigation rules.
    (p) Bilge and ballast systems.
    (q) Rigging, yards, masts, spars, and sails.



Sec. 169.223  Subsequent inspections for certification.

    An inspection for renewal of a certificate of inspection includes an 
inspection of the structure, machinery, yards, spars, masts, rigging, 
sails, and equipment. The inspection ensures that the vessel is in 
satisfactory condition, fit for the service intended and complies with 
the applicable regulations in this subchapter.

                              Reinspection



Sec. 169.225  When required.

    At least one reinspection shall be made on each sailing school 
vessel holding a valid certificate of inspection. The inspection, when 
possible, will be made between the tenth and fourteenth month of the 
period for which the certificate is valid. The owner, operator, or 
master must contact the OCMI to arrange for this inspection.



Sec. 169.227  Scope.

    The scope of the reinspection is the same as the inspection for 
certification.

                        Drydocking or Hauling Out



Sec. 169.229  Drydock examination and internal structural examination intervals.

    (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this 
section, each vessel must undergo drydock and internal structural 
examinations as follows:
    (1) Vessels that operate in salt water must undergo two drydock and 
two internal stuctural examinations within any five year period. No more 
than three years may elapse between any two examinations.
    (2) Vessels that operate in fresh water at least six months in every 
12 month period since the last drydock examination must undergo drydock 
and internal structural examinations at intervals not to exceed five 
years.
    (b) Vessels with wooden hulls must undergo two drydock and two 
internal structural examinations within any five year period regardless 
of the type of water in which they operate. No more than three years may 
elapse between any two examinations.
    (c) If, during an internal structural examination damage or 
deterioration to the hull plating or structural members is discovered, 
the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may require the vessel to be 
drydocked or otherwise taken out of service to further assess the extent 
of the damage and to effect permanent repairs.
    (d) Each vessel which has not met with the applicable examination 
schedules in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section because it is on 
a voyage, must undergo the required examinations upon completion of the 
voyage.
    (e) The Commandant (G-MOC) may authorize extensions to the 
examination intervals specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this 
section.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39656, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988; CGD 95-072, 60 FR 50468, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 169.231  Definitions relating to hull examinations.

    As used in the part--
    (a) Drydock examination means hauling out a vessel or placing a 
vessel in a drydock or slipway for an examination of all accessible 
parts of the vessel's underwater body and all through-hull fittings, sea 
chests, sea valves, sea strainers, and valves for the emergency bilge 
suction.
    (b) Internal structural examination means an examination of the 
vessel while afloat or in drydock and consists of a complete examination 
of the vessel's main strength members, including

[[Page 41]]

the major internal framing, the hull plating, voids, and ballast tanks, 
but not including cargo or fuel oil tanks.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39656, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988]



Sec. 169.233  Notice and plans required.

    (a) The master, owner, operator, or agent of the vessel shall notify 
the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, whenever the vessel is to be 
drydocked regardless of the reason for drydocking.
    (b) Each vessel, except barges, that holds a Load Line Certificate 
must have on board a plan showing the vessel's scantlings. This plan 
must be made available to the Coast Guard marine inspector whenever the 
vessel undergoes a drydock examination or internal structural 
examination or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull.
    (c) Each barge that holds a Load Line Certificate must have a plan 
showing the barge's scantlings. The plan need not be maintained on board 
the barge but must be made available to the Coast Guard marine inspector 
whenever the barge undergoes a drydock examination or internal 
structural examination or whenever repairs are made to the barge's hull.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39656, Oct. 23, 1987]



Sec. 169.234  Integral fuel oil tank examinations.

    (a) Each fuel oil tank with at least one side integral to the 
vessel's hull and located within the hull (``integral fuel oil tank'') 
is subject to inspection as provided in this section. The owner or 
operator of the vessel shall have the tanks cleaned out and gas freed as 
necessary to permit internal examination of the tank or tanks designated 
by the marine inspector. The owner or operator shall arrange for an 
examination of the fuel tanks of each vessel during an internal 
structural examination at intervals not to exceed five years.
    (b) Integral non-double-bottom fuel oil tanks need not be cleaned 
out and internally examined if the marine inspector is able to determine 
by external examination that the general condition of the tanks is 
satisfactory.
    (c) Double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels less than 10 years of 
age need not be cleaned out and internally examined if the marine 
inspector is able to determine by external examination that the general 
condition of the tanks is satisfactory.
    (d) All double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels 10 years of age or 
older but less than 15 years of age need not be cleaned out and 
internally examined if the marine inspector is able to determine by 
internal examination of at least one forward double-bottom fuel oil 
tank, and by external examination of all other double-bottom fuel oil 
tanks on the vessel, that the general condition of the tanks is 
satisfactory.
    (e) All double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels 15 years of age or 
older need not be cleaned out and internally examined if the marine 
inspector is able to determine by internal examination of at least one 
forward, one amidships, and one aft double-bottom fuel oil tank, and by 
external examination of all other double-bottom fuel oil tanks on the 
vessel, that the general condition of the tanks is satisfactory.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39656, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988]

                         Repairs and Alterations



Sec. 169.235  Permission required.

    (a) Repairs or alterations to the hull, machinery, or equipment 
which affects the safety of the vessel may not be made without the 
knowledge and approval of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (b) Drawings, sketches or written specifications describing the 
alterations in detail must be submitted to the OCMI. Proposed 
alterations must be approved by the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection, before work is started.
    (c) Drawings are not required for repairs or replacements in kind.



Sec. 169.236  Inspection and testing required.

    (a) The provisions of NFPA 306, ``Control of Gas Hazards on 
Vessels,'' are used as a guide in conducting the inspections and issuing 
certificates required by this section.

[[Page 42]]

    (b) Until an inspection has been made to determine that the 
operations can be undertaken safely, no alterations, repairs, or other 
operations involving riveting, welding, burning, or other fire-producing 
actions may be made--
    (1) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or
    (2) To pipelines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other 
appurtenances connected to fuel tanks.
    (c) Inspections must be conducted as follows:
    (1) In ports or places in the United States or its territories and 
possessions, the inspection must be made by a marine chemist 
certificated by the National Fire Protection Association; however, if 
the services of such certified marine chemist are not reasonably 
available, the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, upon the 
recommendation of the vessel owner and his contractor on their 
representative, may authorize a person to inspect the particular vessel. 
If the inspection indicates that the operations can be undertaken with 
safety, a certificate setting forth this fact in writing must be issued 
by the certified marine chemist or the authorized person before the work 
is started. The certificate must include any requirements necessary to 
reasonably maintain safe conditions in the spaces certified throughout 
the operation, including any precautions necessary to eliminate or 
minimize hazards that may be present from protective coatings or 
residues from cargoes.
    (2) When not in a port or place in the United States or its 
territories and possessions, and when a marine chemist or a person 
authorized by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, is not 
reasonably available, the senior officer present shall conduct the 
inspection and enter the results of the inspection in the vessel's 
logbook.
    (d) It is the responsibility of the senior officer present to secure 
copies of certificates issued by the certified marine chemist or a 
person authorized by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. It is the 
responsibility of the senior officer present, insofar as the persons 
under his control are concerned, to maintain a safe condition on the 
vesssel by full observance of all requirements listed by the marine 
chemist in the certificate.

                               Inspections



Sec. 169.237  Inspection standards.

    Vessels are inspected for compliance with the standards required by 
this subchapter. Items not covered by standards in this subchapter must 
be in accordance with good marine practice and acceptable to the Officer 
in Charge, Marine Inspection.



Sec. 169.239  Hull.

    At each inspection for certification, the vessel must be afloat and 
ready for the following tests and inspections of the hull structure and 
its appurtenances:
    (a) All accessible parts of the exterior and interior of the hull, 
the watertight bulkheads, and weather deck are examined. Where the 
internals of the vessel are completely concealed, sections of the lining 
or ceiling may be removed or the parts otherwise probed or exposed so 
that the inspector may be satisfied as to the condition of the hull 
structure.
    (b) All watertight closures in the hull, decks and bulkheads are 
examined and operated.
    (c) The condition of the superstructure, masts, and similar 
arrangements constructed on the hull is checked. All spars, standing 
rigging, running rigging, blocks, fittings, and sails, including storm 
sails are inspected.
    (d) All railings and bulwarks and their attachment to the hull 
structure are inspected. Special attention is paid to ensure that guards 
or rails are provided in all dangerous places.
    (e) All weathertight closures above the weather deck are inspected. 
The provisions for drainage of sea water from the exposed decks are 
checked.



Sec. 169.241  Machinery.

    (a) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification the 
Coast Guard examines and tests the following items to the extent 
necessary to determine that they are in proper operating condition and 
fit for the service for which they are intended:

[[Page 43]]

    (1) Engine starting system. Alternate methods of starting are 
checked.
    (2) Engine control mechanisms. Mechanisms are operationally tested 
and visually examined.
    (3) Auxiliary machinery. All machinery essential to the routine 
operation of the vessel is checked.
    (4) Fuel systems. Tanks, tank vents and other appurtenances, piping 
and pipe fittings are examined. The fuel systems for the auxiliary 
propulsion engines and all other fuel systems installed are checked. All 
valves in the fuel lines are tested by operating locally and at remote 
operating positions.
    (5) Sea valves and bulkhead closure valves. All overboard discharge 
and intake valves are checked.
    (6) Bilge and drainage systems. The means provided for pumping 
bilges are operationally tested. All suction strainers are examined.
    (b) During all inspections special attention is paid to ensure that 
no fire hazards exist and that guards or protective devices are provided 
in all hazardous places.



Sec. 169.243  Electrical.

    At each inspection for certification the following items are 
examined and tested to the extent necessary to determine that they are 
in proper operating condition, safe electrical condition, and fit for 
the service for which they are intended:
    (a) Electrical cable. All cable is examined as far as practicable 
without undue disturbance of the cable or electrical apparatus.
    (b) Overload or circuit protective devices. Circuit breakers are 
tested by manual operation and fuses examined visually. The ratings of 
fuses are checked to determine suitability for the service intended.
    (c) Rotating machinery. Rotating electrical machinery essential to 
the routine operation of the vessel is examined.
    (d) Generators, etc. All generators, motors, lighting fixtures and 
circuit interrupting devices located in spaces or areas which may 
contain flammable vapors are checked.
    (e) Storage batteries. Batteries are checked for condition and 
security of stowage.
    (f) Fire detection and alarm system. Electrical apparatus, which 
operates as part of or in conjunction with a fire detection or alarm 
system installed on board the vessel, is operationally tested. The test 
is applied, in a manner to simulate, as closely as practicable, the 
actual operation in case of fire.



Sec. 169.245  Lifesaving equipment.

    At each inspection for certification the following tests and 
inspections of lifesaving equipment are conducted:
    (a) All air tank buoyant units of all lifesaving appliances are 
tested for airtightness.
    (b) Each lifeboat is lowered to near the water and loaded with its 
allowed capacity, evenly distributed throughout the length. The total 
weight used is at least equal to the allowed capacity of the lifeboat 
considering persons to weigh 75 kg (165 pounds) each. The lifeboat is 
then lowered into the water until it is afloat and released from the 
falls.
    (c) Each personal flotation device is examined to determine its 
serviceability. If found to be satisfactory, it is stamped ``Passed,'' 
together with the date and the port. If found to be unsatisfactory, the 
personal flotation device must be removed from the vessel's equipment 
and repaired. If it is beyond repair it must be destroyed in the 
presence of the Coast Guard inspector.
    (d) Each lifeboat winch electrical control apparatus is opened and 
inspected.
    (e) Where gravity davits are installed, it must be demonstrated that 
the lifeboat can be swung out and lowered from any stopped position by 
merely releasing the brake on the lifeboat winch. The use of force to 
start the davits or the lifeboat winch is not permitted.
    (f) Inflatable liferaft containers are examined for defects and the 
inspector verifies that the inflatable liferafts and hydraulic releases, 
if installed, have been serviced at an approved facility in accordance 
with the provisions of subparts 160.051 and 160.062, respectively, of 
this chapter.

[[Page 44]]

    (g) All other items of lifesaving equipment are examined to 
determine that they are in suitable condition.



Sec. 169.247  Firefighting equipment.

    (a) At each inspection for certification and at such other times as 
considered necessary all fire-extinguishing equipment is inspected to 
ensure it is in suitable condition. Tests may be necessary to determine 
the condition of the equipment. The inspector verifies that the tests 
and inspections required in Tables 169.247 (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this 
subchapter have been conducted by a qualified servicing facility at 
least once every twelve months.
    (1) Hand portable fire extinguishers and semi-portable fire 
extinguishing systems are examined for excessive corrosion and general 
condition.
    (2) All parts of the fixed fire-extinguishing systems are examined 
for excessive corrosion and general condition.
    (3) Piping, controls, valves, and alarms on all fire-extinguishing 
systems are checked to be certain the system is in operating condition.
    (4) The fire main system is operated and the pressure checked at the 
most remote and highest outlets.
    (5) Each firehose is subjected to a test pressure equivalent to its 
maximum service pressure.

               Table 169.247(a)(1)--Portable Extinguishers              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Type unit                              Test              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Foam..................................  Discharge. Clean hose and inside
                                         of extinguisher thoroughly.    
                                         Recharge.                      
Carbon dioxide........................  Weigh cylinders. Recharge if    
                                         weight loss exceeds 10 pct of  
                                         weight of charge. Inspect hose 
                                         and nozzle to be sure they are 
                                         clear.                         
Dry chemical (cartridge-operated type)  Examine pressure cartridge and  
                                         replace if end is punctured or 
                                         if cartridge is otherwise      
                                         determined to have leaked or to
                                         be in unsuitable condition.    
                                         Inspect hose and nozzle to see 
                                         they are clear. Insert charged 
                                         cartridge. Be sure dry chemical
                                         is free-flowing (not caked) and
                                         chamber contains full charge.  
Dry chemical (stored pressure)........  See that pressure gage is in    
                                         operating range. If not, or if 
                                         seal is broken, weigh or       
                                         otherwise determine that full  
                                         charge of dry chemical is in   
                                         extinguisher. Recharge if      
                                         pressure is low or if dry      
                                         chemical is needed.            
HALON 1211 or HALON 1301).............  See that pressure gage, if      
                                         provided, is in operating      
                                         range. Recharge if pressure is 
                                         low. Weigh cylinder. Recharge  
                                         if weight loss exceeds 10 pct  
                                         of weight of charge. Inspect   
                                         hose and nozzle to ensure they 
                                         are clear.                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                   Table 169.247(a)(2)--Fixed Systems                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Type system                             Test              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Carbon dioxide or HALON 1301..........  Weigh cylinders. Recharge if    
                                         weight loss exceeds 10 pct of  
                                         weight of charge.              
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 169.249  Pressure vessels.

    Pressure vessels must meet the requirements of part 54 of this 
chapter. The inspection procedures for pressure vessels are contained in 
subpart 61.10 of this chapter.



Sec. 169.251  Steering apparatus.

    At each inspection for certification the steering apparatus is 
inspected and operationally tested to determine that its condition is 
satisfactory and that it is fit for the service intended.



Sec. 169.253  Miscellaneous systems and equipment.

    (a) At each inspection for certification all items in the ship's 
outfit, such as ground tackle, navigation lights, compass, etc., which 
are required to be carried by the regulations in this subchapter are 
examined and tested as necessary to determine that they are fit the 
service intended.
    (b) Approved work vests, where carried, are inspected as provided in 
Sec. 169.556.



Sec. 169.255  Sanitary inspection.

    At each inspection for certification and reinspection quarters, 
toilet and washing spaces, galleys, serving pantries, lockers, etc., are 
examined to determine that they are serviceable and in a sanitary 
condition.



Sec. 169.257  Unsafe practices.

    (a) At each inspection for certification, reinspection, and at every 
other vessel inspection all observed unsafe

[[Page 45]]

practices and hazardous situations must be corrected.
    (b) At each inspection for certification and at every other vessel 
inspection the bilges and other spaces are examined to see that there is 
no accumulation of oil or other matter which might create a fire hazard.



Sec. 169.259  Limitations of inspections.

    The OCMI may require that a vessel and its equipment meet any test 
or inspection deemed necessary to determine that they are suitable for 
the service in which they are to be employed.



              Subpart 169.300--Construction and Arrangement

                                  Plans



Sec. 169.305  Plans required.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section the 
owner or builder shall, before the start of construction or before the 
initial inspeciton of the vessel, submit to the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection of the inspection zone where the vessel is to be 
inspected, at least one copy of each of the following plans:
    (1) Midship section.
    (2) Outboard profile.
    (3) Inboard profile.
    (4) Arrangement of decks.
    (5) Lifesaving equipment installation and arrangement.
    (6) Machinery installation.
    (7) Electrical installation.
    (8) Fire control plan.
    (9) Fuel tanks.
    (10) Piping systems.
    (11) Hull penetrations and shell connections.
    (12) Lines and offsets, curves of form, and capacities of the tanks 
including size and location on vessel.
    (13) Masts, including integration into the ship's structure.
    (14) Rigging plan showing sail areas and centers of effort as well 
as the arrangement, dimensions, and connections of the standing rigging.
    (b) For vessels less than 65 feet in length, the owner may submit 
specifications, sketches, photographs, line drawings or written 
descriptions in lieu of any of the required drawings provided the 
required information is adequately detailed and acceptable to the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (c) The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may waive submission 
of some or all of the structural plans called for by paragraph (a) of 
this section for an existing vessel with a history of at least 5 years 
of safe operation, or if the design and construction of the vessel are 
essentially similar to a vessel which has a proven record of safe 
operation in similar service upon similar waters.



Sec. 169.307  Plans for sister vessels.

    Plans are not required for any vessel which is a sister ship to a 
vessel, provided that--
    (a) The approved plans for the original vessels are already on file 
at any Marine Inspection Office;
    (b) The owner of the plans authorizes their use for the new 
construction;
    (c) The regulations have not changed since the original plan 
approval; and
    (d) There are no major modifications to any of the systems used.

                             Hull Structure



Sec. 169.309  Structural Standards.

    (a) Compliance with the standards established by a recognized 
classification society will, in general, be considered satisfactory 
evidence of the structural adequacy of a vessel.
    (b) Masts, posts and other supporting structures are to have 
adequate strength to withstand the highest loadings imposed by the sail 
systems during all normal and emergency conditions. Particular attention 
must be given to the integration of the masts and rigging into the hull 
structure. The hull structure must be adequately reinforced and 
stiffened locally to ensure sufficient strength and resistance to plate 
buckling.
    (c) The design, materials, and construction of masts, yards, booms, 
bowsprits, and standing rigging must be suitable for the intended 
service. Detailed calculations with respect to the strength of the sail 
system may be required. Approval by a recognized classification society 
may be considered satisfactory evidence of the adequacy of the sail 
system.

[[Page 46]]

    (d) When scantlings differ from established standards and it can be 
demonstrated that a craft approximating the same size, power and 
displacement has been built to the proposed scantlings and has been in 
satisfactory service, insofar as structural adequacy is concerned, for a 
period of a least 5 years, the proposed scantling may be approved. A 
detailed structural analysis may be required.
    (e) Special consideration will be given to the structural 
requirements of vessels not contemplated by the standards of a 
recognized classification society and to the use of materials not 
specially included in these standards.



Sec. 169.311  Fire protection.

    (a) The general construction of the vessel must be designed to 
minimize fire hazards. Each vessel which carries more than 100 persons 
or has overnight accommodations for more than 49 persons must meet the 
requirements of subpart 72.05 of this chapter. Each vessel which is 
certificated to carry 100 persons or less or had overnight 
accommodations for less than 50 persons must meet the requirements of 
Sec. 169.323.
    (b) A fire detector, listed by a recognized testing laboratory, must 
be installed in each unmanned engine space.
    (c) Smoke detectors, listed by a recognized testing laboratory, must 
be installed in each berthing compartment, sail locker, and public area.
    (d) Internal combustion engine exhausts, boiler and galley uptakes, 
and similar sources of ignition must be kept clear of and suitably 
insulated from any woodwork or other combustible matter.
    (e) Lamp, paint, oil lockers and similar compartments must be 
constructed of metal or wholly lined with metal.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 897, Jan. 9, 1986; 51 FR 3785, Jan. 30, 1986]



Sec. 169.313  Means of escape.

    (a) Except as provided by paragraph (f) of this section, there must 
be at least two means of escape from all areas generally accessible to 
persons onboard. At least one means of escape must be independent of 
watertight doors and lead directly to the open deck. Windows and 
windshields of sufficient size and proper accessibility may be used as 
one avenue of escape.
    (b) The two means of escape must be as widely separated as practical 
to minimize the possibility of one incident blocking both escapes.
    (c) Except as provided by paragraph (d) of this section, a vertical 
ladder and deck scuttle may not be designated as one of the means of 
escape.
    (d) A vertical ladder and deck scuttle may be used as a second means 
of escape if--
    (1) The primary means of escape is an enclosed stairtower or 
stairway;
    (2) The installation of two stairways is impracticable;
    (3) The scuttle is located where it can not be interfered with; and
    (4) The scuttle is fitted with a quick-acting release and a hold-
back to hold the scuttle in an open position.
    (e) The required means of escape must not have locking devices.
    (f) Where the length of the compartment is less than 12 feet, one 
vertical means of escape is acceptable provided that--
    (1) There is no source of fire in the space, such as a galley stove, 
heater, etc., and the vertical escape is remote from the engine or fuel 
tank space, and
    (2) The arrangement is such that the installation of two means of 
escape does not materially improve the safety of the vessel or those on 
board.
    (g) Dead end corridors or the equivalent, more than 40 feet in 
length are prohibited.
    (h) Each means of escape must be of adequate size to accommodate 
rapid evacuation.
    (i) Each vertical ladder must have rungs that are:
    (1) At least 16 inches in length;
    (2) Not more than 12 inches apart, uniform for the length of the 
ladder;
    (3) At least 3 inches from the nearest permanent object in back of 
the ladder; and
    (4) Except when unavoidable obstructions are encountered, there must 
be at least 4\1/2\ inches clearance above each rung.



Sec. 169.315  Ventilation (other than machinery spaces).

    (a) All enclosed spaces within the vessel must be properly 
ventilated in a

[[Page 47]]

manner suitable for the purpose of the space.
    (b) A means must be provided to close off all vents and ventilators.
    (c) Living spaces must be ventilated by a mechanical system unless 
it can be shown that a natural system will provide adequate ventilation 
in all ordinary weather conditions. Provided that paragraph (a) of this 
section is satisfied, a vessel having only a natural ventilation system 
must satisfy the following: V/A1.4 where V is the total area 
of the vents in square inches and A is the product in square feet of the 
vessel's design waterline length times its maximum beam.

                              Living Spaces



Sec. 169.317  Accommodations.

    (a) Quarters must have sufficient fresh air, light and heat. 
Quarters must not be located forward of the collision bulkhead or 
farther forward in the vessel than a vertical plane located at 5 percent 
of the vessel's loadline length abaft the forward side of the stem. The 
space must not be located totally below the deepest load waterline.
    (b) Bulkheads separating accommodations from machinery spaces, paint 
lockers, storerooms, washrooms, and toilet facilities are to be 
odorproof.
    (c) All quarters are to be properly drained, odorproof and protected 
from heat and noise.
    (d) Each person on board must have a separate berth which is of 
sufficient size and generally clear of all pipes, ventilation ducts and 
other installations.
    (e) Each bunk must be constructed of wood, fiberglass or metal. If 
fitted with a mattress, the mattress must be covered with material which 
has been treated to give it fire resistant properties and which will 
provide the mattress with a reasonably smooth surface. There must be a 
minimum vertical distance between bunks of 24 inches.
    (f) A means of access must be provided for each berthing arrangement 
where the upper berth is more than 60 inches above the deck.
    (g) The construction and arrangement must allow free and 
unobstructed access to each berth. Each berth must be immediately 
adjacent to an aisle leading to a means of escape from the living area.
    (h) A properly arranged hammock may be used as a berth.



Sec. 169.319  Washrooms and toilets.

    (a) Sailing school vessels must have one toilet and on washbasin for 
every 20 persons. Each toilet and washbasin must have adequate plumbing.
    (b) Each washroom and toilet room must properly drain and the 
scupper to the washroom must be of sufficient size and situated in the 
lowest part of the space.
    (c) Each sailing school vessel must meet the applicable requirements 
of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, part 159.



Sec. 169.323  Furniture and furnishings.

    Each sailing school vessel certificated to carry 100 persons or less 
or having overnight accommodations for less than 50 persons must meet 
the following requirements:
    (a) Except as provided by paragraph (b) of this section, all free-
standing furniture must be constructed of noncombustible material. 
Upholstery and padding used in furniture must be of fire resistant 
materials.
    (b) Existing solid wooden furniture may be retained on existing 
vessels.
    (c) Draperies must be fabricated of fire resistant fabrics.
    (d) Rugs and carpets must be of wool or other material having 
equivalent fire resistant qualities.
    (e) Trash receptacles must be constructed of non-combustible 
materials with solid sides and bottoms and have solid noncombustible 
covers.

                            Rails and Guards



Sec. 169.327  Deck rails.

    (a) All rails or lifelines must be at least 30 inches high and 
permanently supported by stanchions at intervals of not more than 7 
feet. Stanchions must be through bolted or welded to the deck.
    (b) Rails or lifelines must consist of evenly spaced courses. The 
spacing between courses must not be greater than 12 inches. The opening 
below the lowest course must not be more than 9 inches.

[[Page 48]]

Lower rail courses are not required where all or part of the space below 
the upper rail is fitted with a bulwark, chain link fencing, wire mesh, 
or an equivalent.
    (c) Small vessels of the open type and vessels of unusual 
construction must have rails or equivalent protection as considered 
necessary by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.



Sec. 169.329  Storm rails.

    Suitable storm rails or hand grabs must be installed where necessary 
in all passageways, at deckhouse sides, and at ladders and hatches where 
persons might have normal access.



Sec. 169.331  Guards in hazardous locations.

    Each exposed hazard, such as gears or machinery, must be properly 
protected with covers, guards, or rails.



    Subpart 169.400--Watertight Integrity, Subdivision, and Stability



Sec. 169.401  Applicability.

    Each vessel must meet the applicable requirements in Subchapter S, 
parts 170-174, of this chapter.



         Subpart 169.500--Lifesaving and Firefighting Equipment

                      Lifesaving Equipment--General



Sec. 169.505  Equipment installed but not required.

    Each item of lifesaving equipment installed on board a vessel must 
be of an approved type.



Sec. 169.507  Responsibility of master.

    The master or operator shall ensure that the lifeboats, liferafts, 
davits, falls, personal flotation devices, and other lifesaving 
appliances are at all times ready for use, and that all equipment 
required by the regulations in this subchapter is provided, maintained, 
serviced, and replaced as indicated.



Sec. 169.509  Approval for repairs and alterations.

    No extensive repairs or alterations, except in an emergency, may be 
made to any item of lifesaving equipment without advance notice to the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Repairs and alterations must be 
made to the original standard of construction and tested in the manner 
specified in this subpart and applicable requirements in Subchapter Q of 
this chapter. Emergency repairs or alterations must be reported as soon 
as practicable to the nearest Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

                      Primary Lifesaving Equipment



Sec. 169.513  Types of primary equipment.

    (a) Lifeboats. Each lifeboat must be of a type approved under 
subpart 160.035 of this chapter. Installation and arrangement of each 
lifeboat including davits and winches must meet the requirements of part 
94 of this chapter.
    (b) Inflatable Liferafts. (1) Each inflatable liferaft must be of a 
type approved under subpart 160.051 of this chapter.
    (2) The inflatable liferaft and liferaft container must show on or 
near their respective nameplates, marking approved by the Coast Guard 
that contains--
    (i) An approval number consisting of ``160.051/'' followed by a 
number that is greater than 49 followed by a revision number (e.g. 
160.051/50/1); or
    (ii) An approval number consisting of ``160.051/'' followed by a 
number that is smaller than 50 that is followed by a revision number 
(e.g. 160.051/48/1); the words ``MOD TEMP,'' and the date that an 
inspector found that the liferaft met Sec. 160.051-5(c)(4) of this 
chapter.
    (3) Each inflatable liferaft must be marked ``Ocean Service,'' 
except that inflatable liferafts on vessels operating on protected 
waters or partially protected waters may be marked ``Limited Service.''
    (c) Life floats. Each lifefloat must be of a type approved under 
subpart 160.027 of this subchapter.



Sec. 169.515  Number required.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, each vessel 
must have sufficient lifeboats or inflatable liferafts to accommodate 
all persons on board .

[[Page 49]]

    (b) Each vessel certificated for exposed waters must have additional 
inflatable liferafts to accommodate 25% of the persons on board or the 
number of persons accommodated in the largest lifeboat or liferaft, 
whichever is greater.
    (c) Vessels certificated for protected waters only may carry 
lifefloats of a combined capacity to accommodate all persons on board in 
lieu of the lifeboats and inflatable liferafts required in paragraph (a) 
of this section.



Sec. 169.517  Rescue boat.

    All vessels certificated for exposed or partially protected waters 
service must have a suitable motor rescue boat, except when a motor 
lifeboat is provided or when, in the opinion of the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, the vessel is of such design and operating 
characteristics that the vessel itself provides a satisfactory man 
overboard rescue platform.



Sec. 169.519  Availability.

    (a) Each lifeboat, inflatable liferaft, and lifefloat must be kept 
in good working order and be readily available.
    (b) The decks on which lifeboats, liferafts, and lifefloats are 
carried must be kept clear of obstructions which could interfere with 
the immediate boarding and launching of the lifesaving appliances.



Sec. 169.521  Stowage.

    (a) General. Each lifeboat, inflatable liferaft, and lifefloat must 
be stowed so that--
    (1) It is capable of being launched within 10 minutes or, in the 
case of vessels having one compartment subdivision, 30 minutes;
    (2) It does not impede the launching or handling of other lifesaving 
appliances;
    (3) It does not impede the marshaling of persons at the embarkation 
stations, or their embarkation; and
    (4) It is capable of being put in the water safely and rapidly even 
under unfavorable conditions of list and trim.
    (b) Lifeboat stowage. Each lifeboat must be stowed to meet the 
following requirements:
    (1) Each lifeboat must be attached to a separate set of davits.
    (2) Lifeboats must not be stowed in the bow of the vessel nor so far 
aft as to be endangered by the propellers or overhang of the stern.
    (3) Lifeboats must be stowed so that it is not necessary to lift 
them in order to swing out the davits.
    (4) Means must be provided for bringing the lifeboats against the 
ship's side and holding them there so that persons may safely embark, 
unless the lifeboats are arranged for boarding at the stowage position.
    (5) Lifeboats must be fitted with skates or other suitable means to 
facilitate launching against an adverse list of up to 15 degrees. 
However, skates may be dispensed with if, in the opinion of the 
Commandant, the arrangements ensure that the lifeboats can be 
satisfactorily launched without them.
    (6) Means must be provided outside the machinery space to prevent 
the discharge of water into the lifeboats while they are being lowered.
    (c) Inflatable liferaft stowage. Inflatable liferafts must be stowed 
so that they will float free in the event of the vessel sinking. Stowage 
and launching arrangements must be to the satisfaction of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (d) Life float stowage. Each life float must be stowed to meet the 
requirements of this paragraph.
    (1) Each life float must be secured to the vessel by a painter and a 
float-free link that is--
    (i) Certified to meet subpart 160.073 of this chapter;
    (ii) Of proper strength for the size of the life float as indicated 
on its identification tag; and
    (iii) Secured to the painter at one end and secured to the vessel on 
the other end.
    (2) The means by which the float-free link is attached to the vessel 
must--
    (i) Have a breaking strength of at least the breaking strength of 
the painter.
    (ii) If synthetic, be of a dark color or of a material certified to 
be resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light; and
    (iii) If metal, be corrosion resistant.
    (3) If the life float does not have a painter attachment fitting, a 
means for

[[Page 50]]

attaching the painter must be provided by a wire or line that--
    (i) Encircles the body of the device;
    (ii) Will not slip off;
    (iii) Has a breaking strength that is at least the breaking strength 
of the painter; and
    (iv) If synthetic, is of a dark color or is of a material certified 
to be resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light.
    (4) The float-free link described in paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of 
this section is not required if the vessel operates solely in waters 
that have a depth less than the length of the painter.
    (5) If the vessel carries more than one life float, the life floats 
may be grouped and each group secured by a single painter, provided 
that--
    (i) The combined weight of each group of life floats does not exceed 
400 pounds;
    (ii) Each life float is individually attached to the painter by a 
line that meets paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section and which 
is long enough so that each can float without contacting any other life 
float in the group; and
    (iii) The strength of the float-free link and the strength of the 
painter under paragraphs (d)(1)(ii) and (d)(2) of this section is 
determined by the combined capacity of the group of life floats.
    (6) Each life float, as stowed, must be capable of easy launching. 
Life floats weighing over 400 pounds must not require lifting before 
launching.
    (7) Life floats must be secured to the vessel only by a painter and 
lashings that can be easily released or by hydraulic releases. They must 
not be stowed in more than four tiers. When stowed in tiers, the 
separate units must be kept apart by spacers.
    (8) There must be means to prevent shifting.
    (e) Hydraulic Releases. Each hydraulic release used in the 
installation of any inflatable liferaft or life float must meet subpart 
160.062 of this chapter.

               Equipment for Primary Lifesaving Apparatus



Sec. 169.525  General.

    (a) Equipment for primary lifesaving apparatus must kept in good 
condition.
    (b) Lifeboats, inflatable liferafts and lifefloats must be fully 
equipped before the vessel is navigated and throughout the voyage.
    (c) No person may stow in any lifeboat, inflatable liferaft, or 
lifefloat any article not required by this subpart unless the article is 
authorized by the OCMI, in good working order, and properly stowed so as 
not to reduce the seating capacity, the space available to the 
occupants, or adversely affect the seaworthiness of the livesaving 
apparatus.
    (d) Loose equipment, except boathooks in lifeboats, must be securely 
attached to the lifesaving appliance to which it belongs.



Sec. 169.527  Required equipment for lifeboats.

    Lifeboats must be equipped in accordance with Table 169.527. This 
equipment is described in Sec. 169.529.

                              Table 169.527                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Exposed and            
                                                  partially    Protected
        Letter identification and item            protected     waters  
                                                   waters               
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a--Bailer.....................................        1          None   
b--Bilge pump.................................        1          None   
c--Boathooks..................................        2             1   
d--Bucket.....................................        2             1   
e--Compass and mounting.......................        1          None   
f--Ditty bag..................................        1          None   
g--Drinking cup...............................        1          None   
h--Fire extinguisher (motor-propelled                                   
 lifeboats only)..............................        2             2   
i--First-aid kit..............................        1          None   
j--Flashlight.................................        1          None   
k--Hatchet....................................        2             1   
l--Heaving line...............................        2          None   
m--Jackknife..................................        1          None   
n--Ladder, lifeboat, gunwale..................        1          None   
o--Lantern....................................        1             1   
p--Lifeline...................................        1             1   
q--Life preservers............................        2             2   
r--Locker.....................................        1          None   
s--Mast and sail (oar-propelled lifeboats                               
 only)........................................        1          None   
t--Matches (boxes)............................        2             1   
u--Mirror, signaling..........................        2          None   
v--Oars (units)...............................        1             1   
w--Oil, illuminating (quarts).................        1          None   
x--Oil, storm, (gallons)......................        1          None   
y--Painter....................................        2             1   
z--Plug.......................................        1             1   
aa--Provisions (per person)...................        2          None   
bb--Rowlocks (units)..........................        1             1   
cc--Rudder and tiller.........................        1          None   
dd--Sea anchor................................        1          None   
ee--Signals, distress, floating orange smoke..        2          None   
ff--Signals, distress, red hand flare (units).        1          None   
gg--Signals, distress, red parachute flare                              
 (units)......................................        1          None   

[[Page 51]]

                                                                        
hh--Tool kit (motor-propelled lifeboats only).        1             1   
ii--Water (quarts per person).................        3          None   
jj--Whistle, signaling........................        1          None   
kk--Fishing kit...............................        1          None   
ll--Cover, protecting.........................        1          None   
mm--Signals, lifesaving.......................        1          None   
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 169.529  Description of lifeboat equipment.

     (a) Bailer. The bailer must have a lanyard attached and must be of 
sufficient size and suitable for bailing.
    (b) Bilge pump. Bilge pumps must be approved under subpart 160.044 
of this chapter. They must be of the size given in Table 169.529(b) 
depending upon the capacity of the lifeboat as determined by the six-
tenths rule as described in Sec. 160.035-9(b) of this chapter.

                            Table 169.529(b)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Capacity of lifeboat, cubic feet                                
-------------------------------------------------     Bilge pump size   
         Over--                 Not over--                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   330                       1          
          330                      700                       2          
          700            .......................             3          
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) Boathooks. Boathooks must be of the single hook ballpoint type. 
Boathook handles must be of clear grained white ash, or equivalent, and 
of a length and diameter as given in Table 169.529(c).

                            Table 169.529(c)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Length of lifeboat, feet                 Boathook handles         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Over--           Not over--     Diameter, inches    Length, feet  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           23               1.50                8       
        23                 29               1.75               10       
        29                                  2                  12       
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) Bucket. Each bucket must be of heavy gage galvanized iron, or 
other suitable corrosion-resistant metal, of not less than 2-gallon 
capacity, and must have a 6-foot lanyard of 12-thread manila or 
equivalent attached.
    (e) Compass and mounting. The compass and mounting must be of an 
approved type.
    (f) Ditty bag. The ditty bag must consist of a canvas bag or 
equivalent and must contain a sailmaker's palm, needles, sail twine, 
marline, and marline spike.
    (g) Drinking cups. Drinking cups must be enamel coated or plastic, 
graduated in milliliters or ounces, and provided with lanyards 3 feet in 
length.
    (h) Fire extinguishers. Each fire extinguisher must be an approved 
Type B-C, Size I. One must be attached to each end of the lifeboat.
    (i) First-aid kit. The first-aid kit must be approved under subpart 
160.041 of this chapter.
    (j) Flashlights. Each flashlight must be approved under Sec. 94.20-
15(j) of this chapter. Three spare cells (or one 3-cell battery) and two 
spare bulbs, stowed in a watertight container, must be provided with 
each flashlight. Batteries must be replaced yearly during the annual 
stripping, clearing, and overhaul of the lifeboat.
    (k) Hatchets. Hatchets must be approved under subpart 160.013 of 
this chapter. They must be attached to the lifeboat by individual 
lanyards and be readily available for use, one at each end of the 
lifeboat.
    (l) Heaving line. The heaving line must be of adequate strength, 10 
fathoms in length, and 1 inch in circumference. It must remain buoyant 
after being submerged for 24 hours.
    (m) Jackknife. The jackknife must be approved under subpart 160.043 
of this chapter.
    (n) Ladder, lifeboat gunwale. The lifeboat gunwale ladder must 
consist of 3 flat wood steps with cut outs for hand holds. The steps 
must be spaced 12 inches apart and fastened with \5/8\ inch diameter 
manila rope or equivalent. Each rope end must be tied inside the 
lifeboat at about amidships with the ladder stowed on top of the side 
benches and ready for immediate use.
    (o) Lantern. The lantern must contain sufficient oil to burn for at 
least 9 hours, and be ready for immediate use. In totally enclosed 
lifeboats, an interior lighting system may be used in lieu of a lantern.
    (p) Lifeline. The lifeline must be properly secured to both sides of 
the lifeboat along its entire length, festooned in bights not longer 
than 3 feet, with a seine float in each bight. The float may

[[Page 52]]

be omitted if the line is of an inherently buoyant material and absorbs 
little or no water. The lifeline must be of a size and strength not less 
than \3/8\-inch diameter manila. The bights must hang to within 12 
inches of the water when the lifeboat is light.
    (q) Life preservers. Life preservers must be of an approved type. 
These preservers are in addition to those required by Sec. 169.539 of 
this chapter.
    (r) Locker. The locker must be suitable for the storage and 
preservation of the small items of equipment required under 
Sec. 169.527.
    (s) Mast and sail. A unit, consisting of a standing lug sail 
together with the necessary spars and rigging, must be provided in 
accordance with Table 169.529(s). The sails must be of good quality 
canvas, or other material acceptable to the Commandant, colored Indian 
Orange (Cable No. 70072, Standard Color Card of America). Rigging must 
consist of galvanized wire rope not less than three-sixteenths inch in 
diameter. The mast and sail must be protected by a suitable cover.

[[Page 53]]



                                                                                        Table 169.529(s)                                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Length of                                             Standing lug sail                                                                   Mast 1                          Yard 1           
  lifeboat, feet   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------               --------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------             Luff and head       Leach length       Foot length       Clew to throat    Ounces     Commercial         Length                          Length                 
                      Area,        lengths      ---------------------------------------------------------    per     designation  -------------------  Diameter,  -------------------  Diameter,
 Over--      Not     square  -------------------                                                           square       number                           inches                         inches  
           over--     feet      Feet    Inches     Feet    Inches     Feet    Inches     Feet    Inches     yard                     Feet    Inches                  Feet    Inches             
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             17        58         5       11        12        1         8       10        10       10       14.35         10          11        2         3            6       11         2     
   17        19         74        6        8        13        8        10        0        12        2       14.35         10          12        6         3            7        8         2     
   19        21         93        7        5        15        1        11        2        13        8       14.35         10          13       10        3\1/2\        8        5       2\1/2\  
   21        23        113        8        3        16       11        12        4        15        1       14.35         10          15        2        3\1/2\        9        3       2\1/2\  
   23        25        135        9        0        18        6        13        6        16        6       14.35         10          16        6         4           10        0         3     
   25        27        158        9        9        20        0        14        7        17       10       17.50          8          17       10         4           10        9         3     
   27        29        181       10        5        21        5        15        7        19        1       17.50          8          19        2        4\1/2\       11        5       3\1/4\  
   29        31        203       11        0        22        8        16        6        20        3       20.74          6          20        6        4\1/2\       12        0       3\1/4\  
 31 \2\                                                                                                                                                                                         
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Mast lengths measured from heel to center of upper halyard sheave. Mast diameters measured at thwart. Mast and yard shall be of clear-grained spruce, fir, or equivalent.                     
2 Subject to special consideration.                                                                                                                                                             


[[Page 54]]

    (t) Matches. A box of friction matches in a watertight container, 
stowed in an equipment locker or secured to the underside of the stern 
thwart if no locker is fitted, must be provided.
    (u) Mirrors, signaling. Signaling mirrors must be of an approved 
type.
    (v) Oars. A unit, consisting of a complement of rowing oars and 
steering oar, must be provided for each lifeboat in accordance with 
Table 169.529(v) except that motor-propelled and hand-propelled 
lifeboats need only be equipped with four rowing oars and one steering 
oar. In any case, the emergency lifeboats must be provided with the full 
complement of oars prescribed by the table. All oars must be buoyant.

                            Table 169.529(v)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Length of lifeboat        Number of oars--      Length of oars (feet)--
        (feet)         --------------------------                       
-----------------------                          -----------------------
  Over--    Not over--    Rowing      Steering      Rowing     Steering 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  15           4            1            8           9  
15........        19           6            1           10          11  
19........        21           6            1           11          12  
21........        23           6            1           12          13  
23........        25           8            1           13          14  
25........        27           8            1           14          15  
27........  ..........         8            1           15          16  
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (w) Oil, illuminating. One quart of illuminating oil must be 
provided in a metal container if a lantern is carried.
    (x) Oil, storm. One gallon of vegetable, fish, or animal oil must be 
provided in a suitable metal container so constructed as to permit a 
controlled distribution of oil on the water, and so arranged that it can 
be attached to the sea anchor.
    (y) Painter. Painters must be of manila rope not less than 2\3/4\ 
inches in circumference, or equivalent, and of a length not less than 3 
times the distance between the deck on which the lifeboat is stowed and 
the light draft of the vessel. For lifeboats on vessels certificated for 
exposed or partially protected water service, one of the painters must 
have a long eye splice and be attached to the thwart with a toggle. The 
other painter must be attached to the stem.
    (z) Plug. The automatic drain required in the lifeboat must be 
provided with a cap or plug attached to the lifeboat by a suitable 
chain.
    (aa) Provisions. Approved emergency rations must be provided, 
consisting of 10,000 kJ (2390 calories) for each person the lifeboat is 
approved to carry. The provisions must be stowed in lockers or other 
compartments providing suitable protection.
    (bb) Rowlocks. A unit, consisting of sufficient rowlocks and rowlock 
sockets for each oar required by Table 169.529(v) plus 2 additional 
rowlocks must be provided. The rowlocks must be attached to the lifeboat 
by separate chains so as to be available for immediate use, except that 
the 2 additional spare rowlocks must be carried in the equipment locker 
or stowed near the stern if no locker is fitted. The rowlocks and 
rowlock sockets must be distributed so as to provide the maximum amount 
of single banked oars practicable.
    (cc) Rudder and tiller. The rudder and tiller must be constructed in 
accordance with Sec. 160.035-3(t) of this chapter.
    (dd) Sea anchor. The sea anchor must be of an approved type.
    (ee) Signals, distress, floating orange smoke. The floating orange 
smoke distress signals must be approved under subpart 160.022 of this 
chapter. The signals must be replaced no later than the first annual 
stripping, cleaning, and overhaul of the lifeboat after the date of 
expiration.
    (ff) Signals, distress, red hand flare. A unit consists of twelve 
hand red flare distress signals approved under subpart 160.021 or 
160.023 of this chapter and stored in a watertight container. Signals 
must be replaced no later than the first annual stripping, cleaning, and 
overhaul of the lifeboat after the date of expiration.
    (gg) Signals, distress, red parachute flare. A unit consists of 
twelve parachute red flare distress signals with an approved means of 
projection approved under subparts 160.024 and 160.028 respectively; or 
twelve approved hand-held rocket-propelled parachute red flare distress 
signals approved under subpart 160.036. Flares must be stored in a 
portable watertight container. Flares must be replaced no later than the 
first annual stripping, cleaning, and overhaul of the lifeboat after the 
date of expiration.

[[Page 55]]

    (hh) Tool kit. The tool kit must consist of at least the following 
tools in a suitable container:
    (1) One 12-once ball peen hammer.
    (2) One screwdriver with 6-inch blade.
    (3) One pair 8-inch slip joint pliers.
    (4) One 8-inch adjustable end wrench.
    (ii) Water. (1) For each person the lifeboat is certified to carry, 
there must be provided three quarts of drinking water in containers 
approved under subpart 160.026. Water must be replaced no later than the 
first annual stripping, cleaning, and overhaul of the lifeboat after 
date of expiration.
    (2) One or more desalting kits, approved under subpart 160.058 of 
this chapter, may be used as a substitute for one-third of the drinking 
water required.
    (3) The drinking water must be stowed in drinking water tanks, 
lockers, or other compartments providing suitable protection.
    (jj) Whistle, signaling. The whistle must be of the ball-type or 
multi-tone type, of corrosion resistant construction, with a 36-inch 
lanyard attached, and in good working order.
    (kk) Fishing kit. The fishing kit must be approved under subpart 
160.061 of this chapter.
    (ll) Cover, protecting. The cover must be of highly visible color 
and capable of protecting the occupants against exposure.
    (mm) Table of lifesaving signals. The table of lifesaving signals 
must be in accordance with the provisions of Chapter V, Regulation 16, 
of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, and 
must be printed on water resistant paper.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995]



Sec. 169.531  Required equipment for liferafts.

    Each liferaft must be fitted with the equipment required by and 
described in Sec. 160.051-7(c) of Subchapter Q (Specifications) of this 
chapter.



Sec. 169.535  Required equipment for lifefloats.

    Each lifefloat must be equipped in accordance with Table 169.535. 
The equipment is described in Sec. 169.537.

                              Table 169.535                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Number required for each    
                                                    lifefloat           
                                       ---------------------------------
    Letter identification and Item          Exposed and                 
                                        partially protected   Protected 
                                               water            water   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Boathook..........................              1               1   
(b) Lifeline..........................              1               1   
(c) Paddles...........................              4               4   
(d) Painter...........................              1               1   
(e) Water light.......................              1            None   
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 169.537  Description of equipment for lifefloats.

    (a) Boathook. Each boathook must be of the single hook ball point 
type. Boathook handles must be of clear grained white ash, or 
equivalent, not less than 6 feet long and 1\1/2\ inches in diameter.
    (b) Lifeline and pendants. The lifeline and pendants must be as 
furnished by the manufacturer with approved life floats. Replacement 
lifelines and pendants must meet the requirements in subpart 160.010 of 
this chapter.
    (c) Paddles. Paddles must be not less than 5 feet long.
    (d) Painter. The painter must--
    (1) Be at least 30m (100 ft.) long, but not less than 3 times the 
distance between the deck on which the life float(s) are stowed and the 
light draft of the vessel,
    (2) Have a breaking strength of at least 6.7 KN (1500 lbs.), except 
that if the capacity of the life float is 50 persons or more, the 
breaking strength must be at least 13.4 KN (3000 lbs.),
    (3) Be of a dark color, if synthetic, or of a type certified to be 
resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light, and
    (4) Be stowed in such a way it runs freely when the life float 
floats away from the sinking vessel.
    (e) Water light. The water light must be approved under subpart 
161.010 of this chapter. The water light must be attached to the 
lifefloat by a 12-thread manila or equivalent synthetic lanyard 3 
fathoms in length.

                       Personal Flotation Devices



Sec. 169.539  Type required.

    All personal flotation devices (PFDs) must be either--
    (a) A Type I approved under subpart 160.055, 160.002, or 160.005 of 
Subchapter Q (specification) of this chapter; or

[[Page 56]]

    (b) a Type V approved specifically for sailing school vessel use 
under subpart 160.064 or 160.077 of Subchapter Q of this chapter; or
    (c) a Type II approved under subparts 160.047, 160.052, or 160.060 
or a Type III approved under subpart 160.064 if the vessel carries 
exposure suits or Type V exposure PFDs, in accordance with section 
169.551.



Sec. 169.541  Number required.

    Each vessel must be provided with an approved adult personal 
flotation device of an appropriate size for each person carried. In 
addition, unless the service is such that children are never carried, 
there must be provided an approved personal flotation device of a 
suitable size for each child carried.



Sec. 169.543  Distribution and stowage.

    (a) Personal flotation devices must be distributed through the upper 
part of the vessel in protected places convenient to the persons on 
board.
    (b) If practicable, personal flotation device containers must be 
designed to allow the PFDs to float free.
    (c) Personal flotation devices for children, when provided, must be 
stowed separately.
    (d) Lockers, boxes, and closets in which PFDs are stowed must not be 
capable of being locked.



Sec. 169.545  Markings.

    (a) Each personal flotation device must be marked with the vessel's 
name.
    (b) Where PFDs are stowed so that they are not readily visible to 
persons onboard, the containers in which they are stowed must be marked 
``adult personal flotation devices'' or ``child personal flotation 
devices'', as appropriate, and with the number contained therein, in at 
least 1-inch letters and figures.
    (c) Each personal flotation device carried on vessels certificated 
for exposed or partially protected waters service must have a light 
approved under subpart 161.012 of this chapter. The light must be 
securely attached to the front shoulder area of the personal flotation 
device.
    (d) Each personal flotation device must have at least 200 sq. cm. 
(31 sq. in.) of retroreflective material attached on its front side and 
at least 200 sq. cm. on its back side. If the personal flotation device 
is reversible, retroreflective material must be applied as described 
above on both sides.
    (e) Retroreflective material required by this section must be Type I 
material that is approved under subpart 164.018 of this chapter.

                     Additional Lifesaving Equipment



Sec. 169.549  Ring lifebuoys and water lights.

    (a)(1) The minimum number of life buoys and the minimum number to 
which water lights must be attached must be in accordance with the 
following table:

                           Table 169.549(a)(1)                          
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Minimum  
                                                  Minimum     number of 
               Length of vessel                  number of    buoys with
                                                   buoys     waterlights
                                                               attached 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under 100.....................................       2            1     
100 feet to less than 200 ft..................       4            2     
200 feet to less than 300 ft..................       6            2     
300 feet to less than 400 ft..................      12            4     
400 feet to less than 600 ft..................      18            9     
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) One lifebuoy on each side of a vessel must have an attached line 
at least 15 fathoms in length.
    (b) All lifebuoys must be placed where they are readily accessible. 
They must be capable of being readily cast loose.
    (c)(1) All ring lifebuoys must be approved under subpart 160.050 or 
160.064 of this chapter and be international orange in color.
    (2) Each water light must be approved under subpart 161.010 of this 
chapter.



Sec. 169.551  Exposure suits.

    (a) This section applies to each vessel operating in exposed or 
partially protected waters service except those--
    (1) Operating on routes between 32 deg.N and 32 deg.S in the 
Atlantic Ocean.
    (2) Operating on routes between 35 deg.N and 35 deg.S latitude in 
all other waters.
    (b) Each vessel to which this section applies must have for each 
person on board an exposure suit approved under

[[Page 57]]

subpart 160.171 or a Type V exposure PFD approved under subpart 160.053.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995]



Sec. 169.553  Pyrotechnic distress signals.

    (a) All pyrotechnic distress signals must be of an approved type.
    (b) Replacement must be made no later than the first inspection for 
certification or reinspection after the date of expiration.
    (c) Except as otherwise provided in this section, each vessel must 
carry the following pyrotechnic distress signals:
    (1) 6 hand red flare distress signals, and 6 hand orange smoke 
distress signals; or,
    (2) 12 hand held rocket propelled parachute red flare distress 
signals.
    (d) [Reserved]
    (e) All pyrotechnic distress signals must be carried near the helm 
or in a location considered suitable by the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection.
    (f) All pyrotechnic distress signals must be stowed in a portable 
watertight container.



Sec. 169.555  Emergency position indicating radio beacon (EPIRB).

    (a) Each vessel certificated for exposed waters must have an 
approved Class A emergency position indicating radiobeacon (EPIRB), and 
each vessel certificated for partially protected waters must have an 
approved Class C emergency position indicating radiobeacon (EPIRB). The 
required EPIRB must be--
    (1) Operational;
    (2) Stowed where it is readily accessible for testing and use; and
    (3) Stowed in a manner so that it will float free if the vessel 
sinks.
    (b) Each vessel must have an additional Class B EPIRB for every 
twenty-five persons onboard, for use in the lifeboats and liferafts.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986; 51 FR 10632, Mar. 28, 1986]



Sec. 169.556  Work vests.

    (a) Buoyant work vests carried under the permissive authority of 
this section must be approved under subpart 160.053 of this chapter.
    (b) Approved buoyant work vests are items of safety apparel and may 
be carried aboard vessels to be worn by persons when working near or 
over the water under favorable working conditions. Work vests are not 
accepted in lieu of any of the required number of approved personal 
flotation devices and must not be worn during drills and emergencies.
    (c) The approved buoyant work vests must be stowed separately from 
personal flotation devices, and in locations where they will not be 
confused with personal flotation devices.
    (d) Each work vest is subject to examination by a marine inspector 
to determine its serviceability. If a work vest is found not to be in a 
serviceable condition, then it must be repaired or removed from the 
vessel. If a work vest is beyond repair, it must be destroyed in the 
presence of the marine inspector.

                         Firefighting Equipment



Sec. 169.559  Fire pumps.

    (a) Each sailing school vessel must be equipped with fire pumps as 
required in Table 169.559(a).

                      Table 169.559(a)--Fire Pumps                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Exposed and             
                                                 partially    Protected 
                    Length                       protected      water   
                                                   water       service  
                                                  service               
------------------------------------------------------------------------
65 feet but less than 90 feet.................        \1\ 1            0
90 feet but less than 120 feet................        \2\ 1        \1\ 1
120 feet or greater...........................        \3\ 2        \1\ 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ May be driven off a propulsion engine and may be used as a bilge    
  pump.                                                                 
\2\ Must be driven by a source of power independent of the propulsion   
  engine and may be used as a bilge pump.                               
\3\ One pump may be driven off a propulsion unit and one pump may be    
  used as a bilge pump. Pumps must be located in separate spaces.       

    (b) Fire pump capacity must be in accordance with the following:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Vessel length                      Minimum capacity         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than 90 ft.....................  5.5 m3/hr (25 gpm).               
90 feet but less than 120 ft........  11.0 m3/hr (50 gpm).              
Greater than 120 ft.................  14.3 m3/hr (66.6 gpm).            
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) Each fire pump must be fitted with a pressure gage on the 
discharge side of the pump.
    (d) Each vessel must have a hand operated portable fire pump having 
a capacity of at least 1.1 m3/hr (5 gpm).

[[Page 58]]

This pump must be equipped with suction and discharge hose suitable for 
use in firefighting.



Sec. 169.561  Firemain.

    (a) Each vessel required to be provided with a power-driven fire 
pump must also be provided with a fire main, hydrants, hoses and 
nozzles.
    (b) Fire hydrants must be of sufficient number and located so that 
any part of the vessel may be reached with an effective stream of water 
from a single length of hose.
    (c) All piping, valves, and fittings must be in accordance with good 
marine practice and suitable for the purpose intended.



Sec. 169.563  Firehose.

    (a) One length of firehose must be provided for each fire hydrant 
required.
    (b) Vessels less than 90 feet in length must have commercial 
firehose or equivalent of not over 1\1/2\ inch diameter or garden hose 
of not less than \5/8\ inch nominal inside diameter. If garden hose is 
used, it must be of a good commercial grade constructed of an inner 
rubber tube, plies of braided cotton reinforcement and an outer rubber 
cover, or of equivalent material, and must be fitted with a commercial 
garden hose nozzle of good grade bronze or equivalent metal.
    (c) Vessels of 90 feet or greater must have lined commercial 
firehose that conform to Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. Standard 19 or 
Federal Specification ZZ-H-451. The firehose must be fitted with a 
combination nozzle approved under Sec. 162.027 of this chapter.
    (d) Each length of firehose must be a single piece 50 feet long.
    (e) Firehose must be connected to the hydrants at all times, except 
that, on open decks where no protection is afforded to the hose, it may 
be temporarily removed from the hydrant in heavy weather and stowed in 
an accessible nearby location.



Sec. 169.564  Fixed extinguishing system, general.

    (a) Fixed carbon dioxide or halogenated extinguishing systems must 
be installed to protect the following spaces--
    (1) The machinery and fuel tank spaces of all vessels, except where 
machinery and fuel tank spaces are so open to the atmosphere as to make 
the use of a fixed system ineffective;
    (2) The paint and oil rooms and similar hazardous spaces; and
    (3) The galley stove area, for vessels greater than 90 feet in 
length and certificated for exposed or partially protected water 
service.
    (b) Each fixed extinguishing system must be of an approved carbon 
dioxide or halogenated type and installed to the satisfaction of the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.



Sec. 169.565  Fixed carbon dioxide system.

    (a) The number of pounds of carbon dioxide required for each space 
protected must be equal to the gross volume of the space divided by the 
appropriate factor in Table 169.565(a).

                            Table 169.565(a)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Gross volume of compartment, cubic feet                     
---------------------------------------------------------------  Factor 
                      Over--                        Not over--          
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0................................................          500        15
500..............................................        1,600        16
1,600............................................        4,500        18
4,500............................................  ...........        20
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) A separate supply of carbon dioxide is not required for each 
space protected. The total available supply must be sufficient for the 
space requiring the greatest amount.
    (c) Controls. (1) Each control and valve for the operation of the 
system must be outside the spaces protected and accessible at all times.
    (2) Each branch line must be fitted with an approved shutoff valve. 
Each valve must be kept closed at all times except to operate the 
particular system.
    (3) The arrangements must be such that the entire charge to any 
space can be introduced into the space by the operation of one valve 
selecting the space, and one control for releasing the required amount 
of fire extinguishing agent. The release control must be of an approved 
type and located adjacent to the branch line shutoff valve.
    (4) Complete but simple instructions for the operation of the system 
must be located in a conspicuous place at or near the releasing control 
device.

[[Page 59]]

    (5) Each control valve to branch lines must be labeled to indicate 
the space served.
    (d) Piping. (1) The pipe and fittings for the extinguishing systems 
must be in accordance with the system manufacturer's approved design 
manual.
    (2) Each pipe, valve, and fitting of ferrous materials must be 
galvanized.
    (3) Each dead-end line must extend at least 2 inches beyond the last 
orifice and must be closed with cap or plug.
    (4) Each pipe, valve, and fitting must be securely supported and, 
where necessary, protected against injury.
    (5) Drains and dirt traps must be fitted where necessary to prevent 
accumulation of dirt or moisture. Each drain and dirt trap must be 
located in accessible locations but not in accommodation spaces.
    (e) Discharge outlets. (1) The area of discharge outlets shall be as 
specified in the manufacturer's approved design manual.
    (2) The discharge of the required amount of carbon dioxide must be 
complete within two minutes.
    (f) Cylinders. (1) Each cylinder must be securely fastened and 
supported, and where necessary protected against injury. Cylinders must 
be located outside the space protected.
    (2) Each cylinder must be mounted in an upright position or inclined 
not more than 30 deg. from the vertical, except that cylinders which are 
fitted with flexible or bent siphon tubes may be inclined not more than 
80 deg. from the vertical.
    (3) Each cylinder used for storing extinguishing agent must be 
approved and marked in accordance with Department of Transportation 
regulations.
    (4) Each cylinder must be mounted so it is readily accessible and 
capable of easy removal for recharging and inspection. Cylinders must be 
capable of being weighed in place.
    (5) Where subject to moisture, cylinders must be installed so that a 
space of at least 2 inches is provided between the flooring and the 
bottom of the cylinders.
    (6) Each cylinder storage area must be properly ventilated and the 
temperature inside must not exceed 130  deg.F.
    (g) Provision must be made by means of plugs, covers, dampers, etc., 
to prevent the admission of air into the space protected.
    (h) Systems must be fitted with a delayed discharge and an alarm 
bell arranged so the alarm sounds for at least twenty seconds before the 
carbon dioxide is released into the space.



Sec. 169.567  Portable extinguishers.

    (a) The minimum number of portable fire extinguishers required on 
each vessel is determined by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, 
in accordance with Table 169.567(a) and other provisions of this 
subpart.

                                                Table 169.567(a)                                                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 Total number            Type extinguishers permitted                           
       Space protected          extinguishers  ------------------------------------------------    Coast Guard  
                                   required              Medium               Minimum size       classification 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Living space and open boats..  1 per 1000 cu.   Halon 1211 of 1301......  2\1/2\ pounds.......                  
                                ft. of space.                                                                   
                                                Foam....................  1\1/4\ gallons......                  
                                                Carbon dioxide..........  4 pounds............  B-I.            
                                                Dry chemical............  2 pounds............                  
  Propulsion machinery space   1..............  Foam....................  1\1/4\ gallons......                  
    with fixed CO2 or halon                                                                                     
            system.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                
                               Carbon dioxide.                                                                  
                               4 pounds.......                                                                  
                               B-I............                                                                  
                                                Dry chemical............  2 pounds............                  
                                                Halon 1211 or 1301......  2\1/2\ pounds.......                  
  Propulsion machinery space   2..............  Foam....................  2\1/2\ gallons......                  
  without fixed CO2 or halon                                                                                    
            system.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                
                               Carbon dioxide.                                                                  
                               15 pounds......                                                                  
                               B-II...........                                                                  

[[Page 60]]

                                                                                                                
                                                Dry chemical............  10 pounds...........                  
                                                Halon 1211 or 1301......  10 pounds...........                  
Galley (without fixed system)  1 per 500 cu.    Foam....................  2\1/2\ gallons......                  
                                ft.                                                                             
                                                Carbon dioxide..........  15 pounds...........  B-II.           
                                                Dry chemical............  10 pounds...........                  
                                                Halon 1211 or 1301......  10 pounds...........                  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may permit the use of 
any approved fire extinguishers, including semiportable extinguishers, 
which provide equivalent fire protection.
    (c) All portable fire extinguishers installed on vessels must be of 
an approved type.
    (d) Portable fire extinguishers must be stowed in a location 
convenient to the space protected.
    (e) Portable fire extinguishers must be installed and located to the 
satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (f) Portable fire extinguishers which are required to be protected 
from freezing must not be located where freezing temperatures may be 
expected.
    (g) Each vessel must carry spare charges for at least 50 percent of 
each size and variety of hand portable extinguishers required. For units 
that can not be readily recharged on the vessel, one spare extinguisher 
for each classification carried onboard must be provided in lieu of 
spare charges.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 897, Jan. 9, 1986; 51 FR 3785, Jan. 30, 1986]



Sec. 169.569  Fire axes.

    (a) Each vessel must carry at least the number of fire axes set 
forth in Table 169.569(a). The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection may 
require additional fire axes necessary for the proper protection of the 
vessel.

                            Table 169.569(a)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Length                                             
------------------------------------------------      Number of axes    
        Over                   Not over                                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      65                        0       
65..................                  90                        1       
90..................                 120                        2       
120.................                 150                        3       
150.................  .........................                 4       
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) Fire axes must be stowed so as to be readily available in the 
event of emergency.
    (c) If fire axes are not located in the open or behind glass, they 
must be placed in marked enclosures containing the fire hose.



                Subpart 169.600 Machinery and Electrical



Sec. 169.601  General.

    (a) The regulations in this subpart contain requirements for the 
design, construction and installation of machinery on sailing school 
vessels.
    (b) Machinery must be suitable in type and design for the purpose 
intended. Installations of an unusual type and those not addressed by 
this subpart are subject to the applicable regulations in Subchapter F 
(Marine Engineering) and Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this 
chapter.
    (c) The use of liquefied inflammable gases, such as propane, 
methane, butane, etc., as fuel, except for cooking purposes, is 
prohibited.

                Internal Combustion Engine Installations



Sec. 169.605  General.

    (a) Generators, starting motors, and other spark producing devices 
must be mounted as high above the bilges as practicable.
    (b) Gages to indicate engine cooling water temperature, exhaust 
cooling

[[Page 61]]

water temperature and engine lubricating oil pressure must be provided 
and located in plain view.
    (c) All electrical components of the engine must be protected in 
accordance with Sec. 183.410 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations to 
prevent ignition of flammable vapors.



Sec. 169.607  Keel cooler installations.

    (a) Except as provided in this section, keel cooler installations 
must meet the requirements of Sec. 56.50-96 of this chapter.
    (b) Approved metallic flexible connections may be located below the 
deepest load waterline if the system is a closed loop below the 
waterline and its vent is located above the waterline.
    (c) Fillet welds may be used in the attachment of channels and half 
round pipe sections to the bottom of the vessel.
    (d) Short lengths of approved nonmetallic flexible hose may be used 
at machinery connections fixed by hose clamps provided that--
    (1) The clamps are of a corrosion resistant material;
    (2) The clamps do not depend on spring tension for their holding 
power; and
    (3) Two clamps are used on each end of the hose or one hose clamp is 
used and the pipe ends are expanded or beaded to provide a positive stop 
against hose slippage.



Sec. 169.608  Grid cooler installations

    (a) Hull penetrations for grid cooler installations must be made 
through a cofferdam or at a sea chest.
    (b) Grid coolers must be suitably protected against damage from 
debris and grounding by recessing the unit into the hull or by the 
placement of protective guards.
    (c) Each grid cooler hull penetration must be equipped with a 
shutoff valve.



Sec. 169.609  Exhaust systems.

    Engine exhaust installations and associated cooling sytems must be 
built in accordance with the requirements of American Boat and Yacht 
Council, Inc. Standard P-1, ``Safe Installation of Exhaust Systems for 
Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery'' and the following additional 
requirements:
    (a) All exhaust installations with pressures in excess of 15 pounds 
per square inch gage or employing runs passing through living or working 
spaces must meet the material specifications of part 56 of Title 46, 
Code of Federal Regulations.
    (b) Horizontal dry exhaust pipes are permitted if they do not pass 
through living or berthing spaces, terminate above the deepest load 
waterline, are arranged to prevent entry of cold water from rough seas, 
and are constucted of corrosion resistant material at the hull 
penetration.
    (c) When the exhaust cooling system is separate from the engine 
cooling system, a suitable warning device must be provided to indicate a 
failure of water flow in the exhaust cooling system.



Sec. 169.611  Carburetors.

    (a) This section applies to all vessels having gasoline engines.
    (b) Each carburetor other than a down-draft type, must be equipped 
with integral or externally fitted drip collectors of adequate capacity 
and arranged so as to permit ready removal of fuel leakage. Externally 
fitted drip collectors must be covered with flame screens.
    (c) All gasoline engines must be equipped with an acceptable means 
of backfire flame control. Installations of backfire flame arresters 
bearing basic Approval Nos. 162.015 or 162.041 or engine air and fuel 
induction systems bearing basic Approval Nos. 162.015 or 165.042 may be 
continued in use as long as they are serviceable and in good condition. 
New installations or replacements must meet the applicable requirements 
of part 58, subpart 58.10 (Internal Combustion Engine Installations) of 
this chapter.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 88-032, 56 FR 
35827, July 29, 1991]

                              Fuel Systems



Sec. 169.613  Gasoline fuel systems.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) each gasoline fuel system 
must meet the requirements of Sec. 56.50-70 of this chapter
    (b) Each vessel of 65 feet and under must meet the requirements of

[[Page 62]]

Sec. Sec. 182.15-25, 182.15-30, 182.15-35 and 182.15-40 of this chapter.



Sec. 169.615  Diesel fuel systems.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) each diesel fuel system must 
meet the requirements of Sec. 56.50-75 of this chapter.
    (b) Each vessel of 65 feet and under must meet the requirements of 
Secs. 182.20-22, 182.20-25, 182,20-30, 182.20-35 and 182.20-40 of this 
chapter.

                            Steering Systems



Sec. 169.618  General.

    (a) Each vessel must have an effective steering system.
    (b) The steering system must be designed to withstand all 
anticipated loading while under sail, including shocks to the rudder. 
Additionally, the steering system on vessels with an auxiliary means of 
propulsion must not be susceptible to damage or jamming at the vessel's 
maximum astern speed.
    (c) The main steering gear must be capable of moving the rudder from 
hard-over to hard-over at an average rate of not less than 2\1/3\ deg. 
per second with the vessel at design service speed (ahead).



Sec. 169.619  Reliability.

    (a) Except where the OCMI judges it impracticable, the steering 
system must--
    (1) Provide continued or restored steering capability in the event 
of a failure or malfunction of any single steering system component 
other than the rudder or rudder stock;
    (2) Be independent of other systems, including auxiliary propulsion 
machinery; and
    (3) Be operable in the event of localized fire or flooding.
    (b) A main and independent auxiliary steering gear must be provided, 
except when--
    (1) A small vessel uses a tiller or direct mechanical linkage as the 
primary means of controlling the rudder; or
    (2) Installation of an auxiliary steering gear is not possible.

    Note: A partial reduction of normal steering capability as a result 
of malfunction or failure is acceptable. This reduction should not be 
below that necessary for the safe navigation of the vessel.

    (c) The strength and reliability of any component that is not 
provided in duplicate must be suitable to the cognizant OCMI. Where 
redundant or backup equipment or components are provided to meet the 
requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, the following 
must be provided:
    (1) A means to readily transfer from the failed equipment or 
component to the backup.
    (2) Readily available tools or equipment necessary to make the 
transfer.
    (3) Instructions for transfer procedures, posted at the main 
steering location.
    (4) A means to steady the rudder while making the transfer.



Sec. 169.621  Communications.

    A reliable means of voice communications must be provided between 
the main steering location and each alternate steering location.



Sec. 169.622  Rudder angle indicators.

    Each vessel must have a rudder angle indicator at the main steering 
location that meets the requirements of Sec. 113.40-10 of this chapter, 
except where a tiller or direct mechanical linkage is the primary means 
of controlling the rudder.



Sec. 169.623  Power-driven steering systems.

    (a) Power-driven steering systems must have means to be brought into 
operation from a dead ship condition, without external aid. The system 
must automatically resume operation after an electric power outage.
    (b) Control of power-driven steering systems from the main steering 
control location must include, as applicable--
    (1) Control of any necessary ancillary device (motor, pump, valve, 
etc.);
    (2) A pilot light to indicate operation of each power unit; and
    (3) Visual and audible alarms to indicate loss of power to the 
control system or power units and overload of electric motors.
    (c) Overcurrent protection for steering system electric circuits 
must meet Sec. 111.93-11 of this chapter, as applicable.

[[Page 63]]

                               Ventilation



Sec. 169.625  Compartments containing diesel machinery.

    (a) Spaces containing machinery must be fitted with adequate 
dripproof ventilators, trunks, louvers, etc., to provide sufficient air 
for proper operation of the propulsion and auxiliary engines.
    (b) Air-cooled propulsion and auxiliary engines installed below deck 
must be fitted with air intake ducts or piping from the weather deck. 
The ducts or piping must be arranged and supported to safely sustain 
stresses induced by weight and engine vibration and to minimize transfer 
of vibration to the supporting structure. Prior to installing 
ventilation for the engines, plans or sketches showing the machinery 
arrangement including air intakes, exhaust stack, method of attachment 
of ventilation ducts to the engine, location of spark arresting mufflers 
and capacity of ventilation blowers must be submitted to the OCMI for 
approval.
    (c) Spaces containing machinery must be fitted with at least two 
ducts to furnish natural or mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation. 
One duct must extend to a point near the bottom of the compartment, and 
be installed so that the ordinary collection of water in the bilge will 
not trap the duct. Where forced ventilation is installed, the duct 
extending to the bottom of the compartment must be the exhaust. The 
total inlet area and the total outlet area of ventilation ducts must be 
not less than one square inch for each foot of beam of the vessel. These 
minimum areas must be increased when such ducts are considered part of 
the air supply to the engines.
    (d) All ducts must be of rigid permanent noncombustible 
construction, properly fastened, supported, and reasonably gastight from 
end to end.
    (e) All supply ducts for ventilation purposes must be provided with 
cowls or scoops having a free area not less than twice the required duct 
area. When the cowls or scoops are screened, the mouth area must be 
increased to compensate for the area of the screen wire. Dampers are 
prohibited in supply ducts. Cowls or scoops must be kept open at all 
times except when weather would endanger the vessel if the openings were 
not temporarily closed. Supply and exhaust openings must not be located 
where the natural flow of air is unduly obstructed, or adjacent to 
possible sources of vapor ignition, and must not be located where 
exhaust air may be taken into the supply vents.



Sec. 169.627  Compartments containing diesel fuel tanks.

    Unless they are adequately ventilated, enclosed compartments or 
spaces containing diesel fuel tanks and no machinery must be provided 
with a gooseneck vent of not less than 2\1/2\ inches in diameter. The 
vent opening must not be located adjacent to possible sources of vapor 
ignition.



Sec. 169.629  Compartments containing gasoline machinery or fuel tanks.

    Spaces containing gasoline machinery or fuel tanks must have natural 
supply and mechanical exhaust ventilation meeting the requirements of 
American Boat and Yacht Council Standard H-2.5, ``Design and 
Construction; Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline.



Sec. 169.631  Separation of machinery and fuel tank spaces from accommodation spaces.

    (a) Machinery and fuel tank spaces must be separated from 
accommodation spaces by watertight or vapor tight bulkheads of double 
diagonal wood, marine plywood, steel plate, or equivalent construction.
    (b) On vessels less than 90 feet in length, segregation may be by 
means of a watertight or vapor tight engine box.

                             Piping Systems



Sec. 169.640  General.

    (a) Vital piping systems, as defined in Sec. 169.642 of this 
subpart, must meet the material and pressure design requirements of 
Subchapter F of this chapter.
    (b) Except as provided in this paragraph, nonmetallic piping system 
materials must meet the applicable requirements of 46 CFR 56.60-25.
    (1) Rigid nonmetallic materials are acceptable for use in bilge, 
ballast, and machinery-connected piping systems on vessels less than 120 
feet in length,

[[Page 64]]

provided that bilge and fire systems do not use the same piping.
    (2) Nonmetallic piping is prohibited in fuel systems except where 
flexible hose is permitted.
    (3) Rigid nonmetallic materials may be used in non-vital systems.



Sec. 169.642  Vital systems.

    For the purpose of this part, the following are considered vital 
systems--
    (a) A marine engineering system identified by the OCMI as being 
crucial to the survival of the vessel or to the protection of the 
personnel on board; and
    (b) On vessels greater than 120 feet in length--
    (1) Bilge system;
    (2) Ballast system;
    (3) Fire protection system;
    (4) Fuel oil system; and
    (5) Steering and steering control system.

                              Bilge Systems



Sec. 169.650  General.

    All vessels must be provided with a satisfactory arrangement for 
draining any compartment, other than small buoyancy compartments, under 
all practical conditions. Sluice valves are not permitted in watertight 
bulkheads except as specified in Sec. 169.652(a).



Sec. 169.652  Bilge piping.

    (a) All vessels of 26 feet in length and over must be provided with 
individual bilge lines and suction for each compartment except that the 
space forward of the collision bulkhead may be serviced by a sluice 
valve or portable bilge pump if the arrangement of the vessel is such 
that ordinary leakage can be removed this way.
    (b) The bilge pipe on vessels 65 feet in length and under must be 
not less than one inch nominal pipe size. On vessels greater than 65 but 
less than 120 feet in length the bilge pipe must be not less than one 
and one-half inches. Piping on vessels of 120 feet or greater or of 100 
gross tons or greater must meet the requirements contained in 
Sec. 56.50-50 of this chapter.
    (c) Each bilge suction must be fitted with a suitable strainer 
having an open area not less than three times the area of the bilge 
pipe.
    (d) Each individual bilge suction line must be led to a central 
control point or manifold. Each line must be provided with a stop valve 
at the control point or manifold and a check valve at some accessible 
point in the bilge line, or a stop-check valve located at the control 
point or manifold.
    (e) Each bilge pipe piercing the collision bulkhead must be fitted 
with a screw-down valve located on the forward side of the collision 
bulkhead and operable from above the weather deck.



Sec. 169.654  Bilge pumps.

    (a) Vessels of less than 65 feet in length must have a portable hand 
bilge pump having a maximum capacity of 5 gpm.
    (b) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (a) of this 
section, vessels of 26 feet but less than 40 feet in length must have a 
fixed hand bilge pump or fixed power bilge pump having a minimum 
capacity of 10 gpm. If a fixed hand pump is installed, it must be 
operable from on deck.
    (c) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (a) of this 
section, vessels of 40 feet but less than 65 feet must have a fixed 
power bilge pump having a minimum capacity of 25 gpm.
    (d) Vessels of 65 feet in length but less than 120 feet and under 
100 gross tons must have two fixed power bilge pumps having a combined 
minimum capacity of 50 gpm.
    (e) Vessels of 120 feet or greater and vessels of 100 gross tons and 
over must have two fixed power pumps meeting the capacity requirements 
of Sec. 56.50-55(c) of this chapter.
    (f) Each power driven bilge must be self priming.
    (g) Each fixed bilge pump required by this section must be 
permanently connnected to the bilge main.
    (h) Bilge pumps may also be connected to the firemain provided that 
the bilge system and firemain system may be operated simultaneously.

                               Electrical



Sec. 169.662  Hazardous locations.

    Electrical equipment must not be installed in lockers that are used 
to store

[[Page 65]]

paint, oil, turpentine, or other flammable liquids unless the equipment 
is explosion-proof or intrinsically safe in accordance with 
Sec. 111.105-9 or Sec. 111.105-11 of this chapter.

 Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of Less Than 50 Volts 
                 on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons



Sec. 169.664  Applicability.

    The requirements in this subpart apply to electrical installations 
operating at potentials of less than 50 volts on vessels of less than 
100 gross tons.



Sec. 169.665  Name plates.

    Each generator, motor and other major item of power equipment must 
be provided with a name plate indicating the manufacturer's name, its 
rating in volts and amperes or in volts and watts and, when intended for 
connection to a normally grounded supply, the grounding polarity.



Sec. 169.666  Generators and motors.

    (a) Each vessel of more than 65 feet in length having only 
electrically driven fire and bilge pumps must have two generators. One 
of these generators must be driven by a means independent of the 
auxiliary propulsion plant. A generator that is not independent of the 
auxiliary propulsion plant must meet the requirements of Sec. 111.10-
4(c) of this chapter.
    (b) Each generator and motor must be in a location that is 
accessible, adequately ventilated, and as dry as practicable.
    (c) Each generator and motor must be mounted as high as practicable 
above the bilges to avoid damage by splash and to avoid contact with low 
lying vapors.
    (d) Each generator must be protected from overcurrent by a circuit 
breaker, fuse or an overcurrent relay.



Sec. 169.667  Switchboards.

    (a) Each switchboard must be in as dry a location as praticable, 
accessible, protected from inadvertent entry, and adequately ventilated. 
All uninsulated current carrying parts must be mounted on nonabsorbent, 
noncombustible, high dielectric insulating material.
    (b) Each switchboard must be--
    (1) Totally enclosed; and
    (2) Of the dead front type.
    (c) Each ungrounded conductor of a circuit must have at the point of 
attachment to the power source either--
    (1) A Circuit breaker; or
    (2) A switch and fuse.
    (d) Each switch other than one mounted on a switchboard must be of 
the enclosed type.



Sec. 169.668  Batteries.

    (a) Each battery must be in a location that allows the gas generated 
in charging to be easily dissipated by natural or induced ventilation.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, a battery 
must not be located in the same compartment with a gasoline tank or 
gasoline engine.
    (c) If compliance with paragraph (b) of this section is not 
practicable, the battery must be effectively screened by a cage or 
similar structure to minimize the danger of accidental spark through 
dropping a metal object across the terminals.
    (d) Each battery must be located as high above the bilges as 
practicable and secured against shifting with motion of the vessel. Each 
battery and battery connection must be accessible so as to permit 
removal.
    (e) All connections must be made to battery terminals with permanent 
type connectors. Spring clips or other temporary type clamps may not be 
used.
    (f) Each battery must be located in a tray of lead or other suitable 
material resistant to deteriorating action by the electrolyte.
    (g) Each battery charger intended for connection to a commercial 
supply voltage must employ a transformer of the isolating type. An 
ammeter that is readily visible must be included in the battery charger 
circuit.
    (h) A voltage dropping resistor, provided for charging a battery, 
must be mounted in a ventilated noncombustible enclosure that prevents 
hazardous temperatures at adjacent combustible materials.
    (i) The main supply conductor from the battery must have an 
emergency switch, located as close as practicable

[[Page 66]]

to the battery, that opens all ungrounded conductors.
    (j) If a storage battery is not in the same compartment and adjacent 
to the panel or box that distributes power to the various lighting, 
motor and appliance branch circuits, the storage battery lead must be 
fused at the battery.



Sec. 169.669  Radiotelephone equipment.

    A separate circuit from the switchboard must be provided for each 
radiotelephone installation.



Sec. 169.670  Circuit breakers.

    Each circuit breaker must be of the manually reset type designed 
for--
    (a) Inverse time delay;
    (b) Instantaneous short circuit protection; and
    (c) Repeated opening of the circuit without damage to the circuit 
breaker.



Sec. 169.671  Accessories.

    Each light, receptacle and switch exposed to the weather must be 
watertight and must be constructed of corrosion-resistant material.



Sec. 169.672  Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

    (a) Wiring for power and lighting circuits must have copper 
conductors, of 14 AWG or larger, and--
    (1) Meet Article 310-8 and Table 310-13 of the National Electrical 
Code;
    (2) Be listed as ``50 volt boat cable''; or
    (3) Meet subpart 111.60 of this chapter.
    (b) Wiring for power and lighting circuits on new vessels must have 
stranded conductors.
    (c) Conductors must be sized so that--
    (1) They are adequate for the loads carried; and
    (2) The voltage drop at the load terminals is not more than 10 
percent.



Sec. 169.673  Installation of wiring for power and lighting circuits.

    (a) Wiring must be run as high as practicable above the bilges.
    (b) Wiring, where subject to mechanical damage, must be protected.
    (c) A wiring joint or splice must be mechanically secure and made in 
a junction box or enclosure.
    (d) Unless a splice is make by an insulated pressure wire connector, 
it must be thoroughly soldered and taped with electrical insulating tape 
or the soldered joint must be otherwise protected to provide insulation 
equivalent to that of the conductors joined.
    (e) Where ends of stranded conductors are to be clamped under 
terminal screws, they must be formed and soldered unless fitted with 
pressure terminal connectors.
    (f) Conductors must be protected from overcurrent in accordance with 
their current-carrying capacities.
    (g) Conductors supplying motors and motor operated appliances must 
be protected by a separate overcurrent device that is responsive to 
motor current. This device must be rated or set at not more than 125 
percent of the motor full-load current rating.
    (h) On metallic vessels the enclosures and frames of all major 
electrical equipment must be permanently grounded to the metal hull of 
the vessel by the mounting bolts or other means. Cable armor must not be 
used as the normal grounding means.
    (i) On nonmetallic vessels, the enclosures and frames of major 
electrical equipment must be bonded together to a common ground by a 
normally noncurrent carrying conductor.
    (j) For grounded systems the negative polarity of the supply source 
must be grounded to the metal hull or, for nonmetallic vessels, 
connected to the common ground.
    (k) On a nonmetallic vessel, where a ground plate is provided for 
radio equipment it must be connected to the common ground.
    (l) For grounded systems, hull return must not be used except for 
engine starting purposes.

Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of 50 Volts or More on 
                   Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons



Sec. 169.674  Applicability.

    The requirements in this subpart apply to electrical installations 
operating at potentials of 50 volts or more, on vessels of less than 100 
gross tons.

[[Page 67]]



Sec. 169.675  Generators and motors.

    (a) Each generator and motor must be fitted with a nameplate of 
corrosion-resistant material marked with the following information as 
applicable:
    (1) Name of manufacturer.
    (2) Manufacturer's type and frame designation.
    (3) Output in kilowatts or horsepower rating.
    (4) Kind of rating (continuous, intermittent, etc.).
    (5) Revolutions per minute at rated load.
    (6) Amperes at rated load.
    (7) Voltage.
    (8) Frequency if applicable.
    (9) Number of phases, if applicable.
    (10) Type of winding (for direct-current motors).
    (b) Each vessel of more than 65 feet in length having only 
electrically driven fire and bilge pumps must have two generators. One 
of these generators must be driven by a means independent of the 
auxiliary propulsion plant. A generator that is not independent of the 
auxiliary propulsion plant must meet the requirements of Sec. 111.10-
4(c) of this chapter.
    (c) Each generator and motor must be in a location that is 
accessible, adequately ventilated, and as dry as practicable.
    (d) Each generator and motor must be mounted as high as practicable 
above the bilges to avoid damage by splash and to avoid contact with low 
lying vapors.
    (e) Each motor for use in a location exposed to the weather must be 
of the watertight or waterproof type or must be enclosed in a watertight 
housing. The motor enclosure or housing must be provided with a check 
valve for drainage or a tapped hole at the lowest part of the frame for 
attaching a drain pipe or drain plug.
    (f) Except as provided in paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section, 
each generator and motor for use in a machinery space must be designed 
for an ambient temperature of 50 degrees C. (122 degrees F.).
    (g) A generator or motor may be designed for an ambient temperature 
of 40 degrees C. (104 degrees F.) if the vessel is designed so that the 
ambient temperature in the machinery space will not exceed 40 degrees C. 
under normal operating conditions.
    (h) A generator or motor designed for 40 degrees C. may be used in a 
50 degrees C. ambient location provided it is derated to 80 percent of 
full load rating, and the rating or setting of the overcurrent device is 
reduced accordingly. A nameplate specifying the derated capacity must be 
provided for each motor and generator.
    (i) A voltmeter and an ammeter must be provided that can be used for 
measuring voltage and current of each generator that is in operation. 
For each alternating-current generator a means for measuring frequency 
must also be provided. Additional control equipment and measuring 
instruments must be provided, if needed, to ensure satisfactory 
operation of each generator.



Sec. 169.676  Grounded electrical systems.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
electrical system must meet subpart 111.05 of this chapter.
    (b) Ground detection is not required.



Sec. 169.677  Equipment protection and enclosure.

    (a) Except as provided in this section, all electrical equipment 
including motors, generators, controllers, distribution panels, 
consoles, etc., must be at least dripproof and protected.
    (b) Equipment mounted on a hinged door of an enclosure must be 
constructed or shielded so that no live parts of the door mounted 
equipment will be exposed to accidental contact by a person with the 
door open and the circuit energized.
    (c) Any cabinet, panel, or box containing more than one source of 
potential in excess of 50 volts must be fitted with a sign warning 
personnel of this condition and identifying the circuits to be 
disconnected to remove all the potentials in excess of 50 volts.
    (d) Each distribution panelboard must be enclosed.



Sec. 169.678  Main distribution panels and switchboards.

    (a) A distribution panel to which the generator leads are connected, 
and

[[Page 68]]

from which the electric leads throughout the vessel directly or 
indirectly receive their electric power is a switchboard.
    (b) Each switchboard must have a driphood or an equivalent means of 
protecting against falling liquid.
    (c) Nonconductive deck materials, mats, or gratings must be provided 
in front of each switchboard.
    (d) If the switchboard is accessible from the rear, nonconductive 
deck material, mats, or gratings must be provided in the rear of the 
switchboard.
    (e) Metal cases of instruments and secondary windings of instrument 
transformers must be grounded.
    (f) Each switchboard must be placed in a location that is 
accessible, adequately ventilated, and as dry as practicable. All 
uninsulated current carrying parts must be mounted on nonabsorbent, 
noncombustible, high dielectric insulating material.
    (g) Each switchboard must be of the dead front type.
    (h) Each switchboard must have front and, if accessible from the 
back, rear non-conducting hand rails except on vessels where the 
surrounding bulkheads and decks are of an insulating material such as 
fiberglass or wood.



Sec. 169.679  Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

    Wiring for each power and lighting circuit must meet subpart 111.60 
of this chapter.



Sec. 169.680  Installation of wiring for power and lighting circuits.

    (a) Wiring must be run as high as practicable above the bilges.
    (b) Each cable installed where particularly susceptible to damage 
such as locations in way of doors, hatches, etc, must be protected by 
removable metal coverings, angle irons, pipe, or other equivalent means. 
All metallic coverings must be electrically continuous and grounded to 
the metal hull or common ground, and all coverings such as pipe that may 
trap moisture must be provided with holes for drainage. Where cable 
protection is carried through a watertight deck or bulkhead, the 
installation must maintain the watertight integrity of the structure.
    (c) Each cable entering a box or fitting must be protected from 
abrasion, and must meet the following requirements:
    (1) Each opening through which conductors enter must be adequately 
closed.
    (2) Cable armor must be secured to the box or fitting.
    (3) In damp or wet locations, each cable entrance must be 
watertight.
    (d) The enclosures of all equipment must be permanently grounded to 
the metal hull of the vessel by the mounting bolts or other means. Cable 
armor must not be used as the normal grounding means.
    (e) On a nonmetallic vessel, the enclosures must be bonded to a 
common ground by a normal noncurrent carrying conductor.
    (f) On a nonmetallic vessel, where a ground plate is provided for 
radio equipment it must be connected to the common ground.
    (g) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, each 
armored cable must have a metallic covering that is--
    (1) Electrically and mechanically continuous; and
    (2) Grounded at each end of the run to--
    (i) The metal hull; or
    (ii) The common ground required by paragraph (e) of this section on 
nonmetallic vessels.
    (h) In lieu of being grounded at each end of the run as required by 
paragraph (g) of this section, final sub-circuits may be grounded at the 
supply end only.
    (i) All equipment, including switches, fuses, lampholders, etc., 
must be of a type designed for the proper potential and be so 
identified.
    (j) Except as provided in paragraph (l) of this section, each 
junction box, connection box, and outlet box, must have an internal 
depth of at least 1\1/2\ inches.
    (k) For a box incorporated in a fixture having a volume of not less 
than 20 cubic inches, the depth may be decreased to not less than 1 
inch.
    (l) Each conductor, except a fixture wire within a box, must have a 
free space computed using the volume per conductor given in Table 
169.680(l). If a fitting or device such as a cable clamp,

[[Page 69]]

hickey, switch or receptacle is contained in the box, each fitting or 
device must count as one conductor.

                            Table 169.680(l)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   Free space for each  
           Size of conductor A.W.G.              conductor in box, cubic
                                                         inches         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
14............................................               2.0        
12............................................               2.25       
8.............................................               2.50       
1.............................................               3.0        
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (m) Each junction box, connection box, and outlet box for use in a 
damp or wet location must be of watertight construction.
    (n) Each lighting fixture must be constructed in accordance with the 
requirements of Subchapter J of this chapter.
    (o) A separate circuit from the switchboard must be provided for 
each radiotelephone installation.
    (p) Knife switches must be so placed or designed that gravity or 
vibration will not tend to close them. Knife switches, unless of the 
double throw type, must be connected so that the blades are dead when 
the switch is in the open position.
    (q) Circuits must be connected to the fuse end of switches and to 
the coil end of circuit breakers, except that generator leads or 
incoming feeders may be connected to either end of circuit breakers.
    (r) Receptacle outlets and attachment plugs for the attachment of 
portable lamps, tools, and similar apparatus supplied as ship's 
equipment and operating at 100 volts or more, must provide a grounding 
pole and a grounding conductor in the portable cord to ground the non-
current carrying metal parts of the apparatus.
    (s) Receptacle outlets of the type providing a grounded pole must be 
of a configuration that will not permit the dead metal parts of portable 
apparatus to be connected to a live conductor.



Sec. 169.681  Disconnect switches and devices.

    (a) Externally operable switches or circuit breakers must be 
provided for motor and controller circuits and must open all ungrounded 
conductors of the circuit.
    (b) If the disconnect means is not within sight of the equipment 
that the circuit supplies, means must be provided for locking the 
disconnect device in the ``open'' position.
    (c) For circuits protected by fuses, the disconnect switch required 
for fuses in Sec. 169.683(b) of this chapter is adequate for 
disconnecting the circuit from the supply.
    (d) The disconnect means may be in the same enclosure with motor 
controllers.
    (e) Disconnect means must be provided to open all conductors of 
generator and shore power cables.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986; 51 FR 10632, Mar. 28, 1986]



Sec. 169.682  Distribution and circuit loads.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the 
connected load on a lighting branch circuit must not exceed 80 percent 
of the rating of the overcurrent protective device, computed using the 
greater of--
    (1) The lamp sizes to be installed; or
    (2) 50 watts per outlet.
    (b) Circuits supplying electrical discharge lamps must be computed 
using the ballast input current.
    (c) The branch circuit cables for motor and lighting loads must be 
no smaller than No. 14 AWG.



Sec. 169.683  Overcurrent protection, general.

    (a) Overcurrent protection must be provided for each ungrounded 
conductor for the purpose of opening the electric circuit if the current 
reaches a value that causes an excessive or dangerous temperature in the 
conductor or conductor insulation.
    (b) Disconnect means must be provided on the supply side of and 
adjacent to all fuses for the purpose of deenergizing the fuses for 
inspection and maintenance purposes. All disconnect means must open all 
ungrounded conductors of the circuit simultaneously.
    (c) Each conductor, including a generator lead and shore power 
cable, must be protected in accordance with its current-carrying 
capacity.
    (d) If the allowable current-carrying capacity of a conductor does 
not correspond to a standard size fuse, the next larger size or rating 
may be used

[[Page 70]]

but not exceeding 150 percent of the allowable current-carrying capacity 
of the conductor.
    (e) Plug (screw in type) fuses and fuseholders must not be used in 
circuits exceeding 125 volts between conductors. The screw shell of plug 
type fuseholders must be connected to the load of the circuit. Edison 
base fuses may not be used.
    (f) If the allowable current-carrying capacity of the conductor does 
not correspond to a standard rating of circuit breakers, the next larger 
rating not exceeding 150 percent of the allowable current-carrying 
capacity of the conductor may be used.
    (g) Lighting branch circuits must be protected against overcurrent 
either by fuses or circuit breakers rated at not more than 20 amperes.
    (h) Each circuit breaker must be of the manually reset type designed 
for--
    (1) Inverse time delay;
    (2) Instantaneous short circuit protection; and
    (3) Repeated opening of the circuit in which it is to be used 
without damage to the circuit breaker.
    (i) Circuit breakers must indicate whether they are in the open or 
closed position.
    (j) Devices such as instruments, pilot lights, ground detector 
lights, potential transformers, etc. must be supplied by circuits 
protected by overcurrent devices.
    (k) Each generator must be protected with an overcurrent device set 
at a value not exceeding 15 percent above the full-load rating for 
continuous rated machines or the overload rating for special rated 
machines.



Sec. 169.684  Overcurrent protection for motors and motor branch circuits.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, each motor 
must be provided with running protection against overcurrent. A 
protective device integral with the motor that is responsive to motor 
current or to both motor current and temperature may be used.
    (b) The motor branch circuit conductors, the motor control 
apparatus, and the motors must be protected against overcurrent due to 
short circuits or grounds with overcurrent devices.
    (c) The motor branch circuit overcurrent device must be capable of 
carrying the starting current of the motor.
    (d) Each manually started continous duty motor, rated at one 
horsepower or less, that is within sight from the starter location, is 
considered as protected against overcurrent by the overcurrent device 
protecting the conductors of the branch circuit.



Sec. 169.685  Electric heating and cooking equipment.

    (a) Each electric space heater for heating rooms and compartments 
must be provided with thermal cutouts to prevent overheating. Each 
heater must be so constructed and installed as to prevent the hanging of 
towels, clothing, etc., on the heater, and to prevent overheating of 
heater parts and adjacent bulkheads or decks.
    (b) All electric cooking equipment, attachments, and devices, must 
be of rugged construction and so designed as to permit complete 
cleaning, maintenance, and repair.
    (c) Doors for electric cooking equipment must be provided with heavy 
duty hinges and locking devices to prevent accidental opening in heavy 
seas.
    (d) Electric cooking equipment must be mounted to prevent 
dislodgment in heavy seas.
    (e) For each grill or similar type cooking equipment, means must be 
provided to collect grease or fat and to prevent spillage on wiring or 
the deck.
    (f) Where necessary for safety of personnel, grab rails must be 
provided. Each electric range must be provided with sea rails with 
suitable barriers to resist accidental movement of cooking pots.



Sec. 169.686  Shore power.

    If a shore power connection is provided it must meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) A shore power connection box or receptacle and a cable 
connecting this box or receptacle to the main distribution panel must be 
permanently installed in an accessible location.
    (b) The shore power cable must be provided with a disconnect means 
located on or near the main distribution panel.

[[Page 71]]

     Electrical Installations on Vessels of 100 Gross Tons and Over



Sec. 169.687  General.

    Except as provided in this subpart, electrical installations on 
vessels of 100 gross tons and over must meet the requirements of parts 
110-113 of this chapter.



Sec. 169.688  Power supply.

    (a) The requirements of this section apply in lieu of subpart 111.10 
of this chapter.
    (b) If a generator is used to provide electric power for any vital 
system listed in Sec. 169.642 of this subchapter, at least two 
generating sets must be provided. At least one required generating set 
must be independent of the auxiliary propulsion machinery. A generator 
that is not independent of the auxiliary propulsion plant must meet the 
requirements of Sec. 111.10-4(c) of this chapter. With any one 
generating set stopped, the remaining set(s) must provide the power 
necessary for each of the following:
    (1) Normal at sea load plus starting of the largest vital system 
load that can be started automatically or started from a space remote 
from the main distribution panel (switchboard).
    (2) All vital systems simultaneously with nonvital loads secured.
    (c) The adequacy of ship service generators must be demonstrated to 
the satisfaction of the OCMI during the initial inspection required by 
Sec. 169.221 of this subchapter.



Sec. 169.689  Demand loads.

    Demand loads must meet Sec. 111.60-7 of this chapter except that 
smaller demand loads for motor feeders are acceptable if the cable is 
protected at or below its current-carrying capacity.



Sec. 169.690  Lighting branch circuits.

    Each lighting branch circuit must meet the requirements of 
Sec. 111.75-5 of this chapter, except that--
    (a) Appliance loads, electric heater loads, and isolated small motor 
loads may be connected to a lighting distribution panelboard; and
    (b) Branch circuits in excess of 30 amperes may be supplied from a 
lighting distribution panelboard.



Sec. 169.691  Navigation lights.

    Navigation light systems must meet the requirements of Sec. 111.75-
17 of this chapter except the requirements of Sec. 111.75-17 (a) and 
(c).



Sec. 169.692  Remote stop stations.

    In lieu of the remote stopping systems required by subpart 111.103 
of this chapter, remote stop stations must be provided as follows:
    (a) A propulsion shutdown in the pilothouse for each propulsion 
unit,
    (b) A bilge slop or dirty oil discharge shutdown at the deck 
discharge,
    (c) A ventilation shutdown located outside the space ventilated, and
    (d) A shutdown from outside the engineroom for the fuel transfer 
pump, fuel oil service pump, or any other fuel oil pump.



Sec. 169.693  Engine order telegraph systems.

    An engine order telegraph system is not required.



  Subpart 169.700--Vessel Control, Miscellaneous Systems, and Equipment



Sec. 169.703  Cooking and heating.

    (a) Cooking and heating equipment must be suitable for marine use. 
Cooking installations must meet the requirements of ABYC Standard A-3, 
``Recommended Practices and Standards Covering Galley Stoves.''
    (b) The use of gasoline for cooking, heating or lighting is 
prohibited on all vessels.
    (c) The use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or compressed natural 
gas (CNG) is authorized for cooking purposes only.
    (1) The design, installation and testing of each LPG system must 
meet either ABYC A-1 or Chapter 6 of NFPA 302.
    (2) The design, installation, and testing of each CNG system must 
meet either Chapter 6 of NFPA 302 or ABYC A-22.
    (3) The stowage of each cylinder must comply with the requirements 
for the stowage of cylinders of liquefied or non-liquefied gases used 
for heating,

[[Page 72]]

cooking, or lighting in part 147 of this chapter.
    (4) If the fuel supply line enters an enclosed space on the vessel, 
a remote shutoff valve must be installed which can be operated from a 
position adjacent to the appliance. The valve must be a type that will 
fail closed, and it must be located between the regulator and the point 
where the fuel supply enters the enclosed portion of the vessel.
    (5) If Chapter 6 of NFPA 302 is used as the standard, then the 
following additional requirements must also be met:
    (i) LPG or CNG must be odorized in accordance with ABYC A-1.5.d or 
A-22.5.b, respectively.
    (ii) Ovens must be equipped with a flame failure switch in 
accordance with ABYC A-1.10.b for LPG or A-22.10.b for CNG.
    (iii) The marking and mounting of LPG cylinders must be in 
accordance with ABYC-1.6.b.
    (iv) LPG cylinders must be of the vapor withdrawal type as specified 
in ABYC A-1.5.b.
    (6) If ABYC A-1 or A-22 is used as the standard for an LPG on CNG 
installation, then pilot lights or glow plugs are prohibited.
    (7) If ABYC A-22 is used as the standard for a CNG installation, 
then the following additional requirements must also be met:
    (i) The CNG cylinders, regulating equipment, and safety equipment 
must meet the installation, stowage, and testing requirements of 
paragraphs 6-5.11.1, 2, 3; 6-5.11.5; and 6-5.11.8 of NFPA 302.
    (ii) The use or stowage of stoves with attached cylinders is 
prohibited as specified in paragraph 6-5.1 of NFPA 302.



Sec. 169.705  Mooring equipment.

    Each vessel must be fitted with ground tackle and hawsers deemed 
necessary by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, depending upon 
the size of the vessel and the waters on which it operates.



Sec. 169.709  Compass.

    (a) Each vessel must be fitted with a magnetic steering compass.
    (b) Each vessel certificated for exposed water service must have an 
emergency compass in addition to the one required in paragraph (a).



Sec. 169.711  Emergency lighting.

    (a) Each vessel must be equipped with a suitable number of portable 
battery lights.
    (b) Each vessel of 100 gross tons and over must satisfy the 
emergency lighting requirements for a miscellaneous self-propelled 
vessel as contained in part 112 of this chapter.
    (c) Each vessel of less than 100 gross tons that has accommodation 
spaces located below the main deck must have permanently installed 
lighting which is connected to a single emergency power source or 
permanently installed, relay-controlled, battery-operated lanterns. The 
lighting or lanterns must be fitted along the avenues of escape, in the 
wheelhouse, and in the engine compartment.
    (1) A single emergency power source, if provided, must be 
independent of the normal power source and must be either a generator or 
a storage battery.
    (d) The emergency power source and batteries for individual, 
battery-operated, lanterns must have the capacity to supply all 
connected loads simultaneously for at least 6 hours of continuous 
operations. If the emergency lighting is provided by battery power, then 
an automatic battery charger that maintains the battery(s) in a fully 
charged condition must be provided.
    (e) The emergency lighting system must be capable of being fully 
activated from a single location.



Sec. 169.713  Engineroom communication system.

    An efficient communication system must be provided between the 
principal steering station and the engineroom on vessels which are not 
equipped with pilothouse controls if, in the opinion of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, this is necessary for proper operation of the 
vessel.



Sec. 169.715  Radio.

    (a) Radiotelegraph and radiotelephone installations are required on 
certain vessels. Details of these requirements and the details of the 
installations are contained in regulations

[[Page 73]]

of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in Title 47, Code of 
Federal Regulations, part 83.
    (b) A valid certificate issued by the FCC is evidence that the radio 
installation is in compliance with the requirements of that agency.



Sec. 169.717  Fireman's outfit.

    (a) Each vessel greater than 120 feet but less than 150 feet in 
length must carry one fireman's outfit consisting of--
    (1) One pressure-demand, open-circuit, self-contained breathing 
apparatus, approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) 
and by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 
and having at a minimum a 30-minute air supply and a full facepiece; but 
a self-contained compressed-air breathing apparatus previously approved 
by MSHA and NIOSH under part 160, subpart 160.011, of this chapter may 
continue in use as required equipment if it was part of the vessel's 
equipment on November 23, 1992, and as long as it is maintained in good 
condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection;
    (2) One lifeline with a belt or a suitable harness;
    (3) One approved flame safety lamp;
    (4) One flashlight listed by an independent testing laboratory as 
suitable for use in hazardous locations;
    (5) One fire ax;
    (6) Boots and gloves of rubber or other electrically nonconducting 
material;
    (7) A rigid helmet that provides effective protection against 
impact; and
    (8) Protective clothing.
    (b) Each vessel 150 feet or greater must carry two fireman's 
outfits. The outfits must be stowed in widely separated accessible 
locations.
    (c) Lifelines must be of steel or bronze wire rope. Steel wire rope 
must be either inherently corrosion resistant or made so by galvanizing 
or thinning. Each end must be fitted with a hook with keeper having a 
throat opening which can be readily slipped over a \5/8\-inch bolt. The 
total length of the lifeline is dependent upon the size and arrangement 
of the vessel, and more than one line may be hooked together to achieve 
the necessary length. No individual length of lifeline may be less than 
50 feet in length. The assembled lifeline must have a minimum breaking 
strength of 1,500 pounds.
    (d) A complete recharge must be carried out for each self-contained 
breathing apparatus and a complete set of spare batteries and bulb must 
be carried for each flashlight. The spares must be stowed in the same 
location as the equipment it is to reactivate.
    (e) Protective clothing must be constructed of material that will 
protect the skin from the heat of fire and burns from scalding steam. 
The outer surface must be water resistant.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 896, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 86-036, 57 FR 
48326, Oct. 23, 1992]



Sec. 169.721  Storm sails and halyards (exposed and partially protected waters only).

    (a) Unless clearly unsuitable, each vessel must have one storm 
trysail of appropriate size. It must be sheeted independently of the 
boom and must have neither headboard nor battens.
    (b) Each vessel having headsails must also have one storm head sail 
of appropriate size and strength.
    (c) Each vessel must have at least two halyards, each capable of 
hoisting a sail.



Sec. 169.723  Safety belts.

    Each vessel must carry a harness type safety belt conforming to 
Offshore Racing Council (ORC) standards for each person on watch or 
required to work the vessel in heavy weather.



169.725  First aid kit.

    Each vessel must carry an approved first aid kit, constructed and 
fitted in accordance with subpart 160.041 of this chapter.



Sec. 169.726  Radar reflector.

    Each nonmetallic vessel less than 90 feet in length must exhibit a 
radar reflector of suitable size and design while underway.

                                Markings



Sec. 169.730  General alarm bell switch.

    On vessels of 100 gross tons and over there must be a general alarm 
bell

[[Page 74]]

switch in the pilothouse, clearly and permanently identified by 
lettering on a metal plate or with a sign in red letters on a suitable 
background: ``GENERAL ALARM''



Sec. 169.731  General alarm bells.

    On vessels of 100 gross tons and over each general alarm bell must 
be identified by red lettering at least \1/2\ inch high: ``GENERAL 
ALARM--WHEN BELL RINGS GO TO YOUR STATION.''



Sec. 169.732  Carbon dioxide alarm.

    Each carbon dioxide alarm must be conspicuously identified: ``WHEN 
ALARM SOUNDS--VACATE AT ONCE. CARBON DIOXIDE BEING RELEASED.''



Sec. 169.733  Fire extinguishing branch lines.

    Each branch line valve of every fire extinguishing system must be 
plainly and permanently marked indicating the spaces served.



Sec. 169.734  Fire extinguishing system controls.

    Each control cabinet or space containing valves or manifolds for the 
various fire extinguishing systems must be distinctly marked in 
conspicuous red letters at least 2 inches high: ``CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE 
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM,'' or ``HALON FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM,'' as 
appropriate.



Sec. 169.735  Fire hose stations.

    Each fire hydrant must be identified in red letters and figures at 
least two inches high ``FIRE STATION NO. 1,'' ``2,'' ``3,'' etc. Where 
the hose is not stowed in the open or readily seen behind glass, this 
identification must be placed so as to be readily seen from a distance.



Sec. 169.736  Self-contained breathing apparatus.

    Each locker or space containing self-contained breathing apparatus 
must be marked ``SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS.''



Sec. 169.737  Hand portable fire extinguishers.

    Each hand portable fire extinguisher must be marked with a number, 
and the location where it is stowed must be marked with a corresponding 
number. The marks must be at least \1/2\ inch high. Where only one type 
and size of hand portable fire extinguisher is carried, the numbering 
may be omitted.



Sec. 169.738  Emergency lights.

    Each emergency light must be marked with a letter ``E'' at least \1/
2\ inch high.



Sec. 169.739  Lifeboats.

    (a) The name and port of the vessel marked on its stern as required 
by Sec. 67.15 of this chapter must be plainly marked or painted on each 
side of the bow of each lifeboat in letters not less than 3 inches high.
    (b) Each lifeboat must have its number plainly marked or painted on 
each side of the bow in figures not less than 3 inches high. The 
lifeboats on each side of the vessel must be numbered from forward aft, 
with the odd numbers on the starboard side.
    (c) The cubical contents and number of persons allowed to be carried 
in each lifeboat must be plainly marked or painted on each side of the 
bow of the lifeboat in letters and numbers not less than 1\1/2\ inches 
high. In addition, the number of persons allowed must be plainly marked 
or painted on top of at least 2 thwarts in letters and numbers not less 
than 3 inches high.
    (d) Each oar must be conspicuously marked with the vessel's name.
    (e) Where mechanical disengaging apparatus is used, the control 
effecting the release of the lifeboat must be painted bright red and 
must have thereon in raised letters either the words--``DANGER-LEVER 
DROPS BOAT'', or the words--``DANGER-LEVER RELEASES HOOKS''.
    (f) The top of thwarts, side benches and footings of lifeboats must 
be painted or otherwise colored international orange. The area in way of 
the red mechanical disengaging gear control lever, from the keel to the 
side bench, must be painted or otherwise colored white, to provide a 
contrasting background for the lever. This band of

[[Page 75]]

white should be approximately 12 inches wide depending on the internal 
arrangements of the lifeboat.



Sec. 169.740  Liferafts and lifefloats.

    (a) Rigid type liferafts and lifefloats, together with their oars 
and paddles, must be conspicuously marked with the vessel's name and 
port of the vessel as marked on its stern as required by Sec. 67.15 of 
this chapter.
    (b) The number of persons allowed on each rigid type liferaft and 
lifefloat must be conspicuously marked or painted thereon in letters and 
numbers at least 1\1/2\ inches high.
    (c) There must be stenciled in a conspicuous place in the immediate 
vicinity of each inflatable liferaft the following:

                      INFLATABLE LIFERAFT NO------

                        --------PERSONS CAPACITY

    These markings must not be placed on the inflatable liferaft 
containers.



Sec. 169.741  Personal flotation devices and ring life buoys.

    Each personal flotation device and ring life buoy must be marked 
with the vessel's name.



Sec. 169.743  Portable magazine chests.

    Portable magazine chests must be marked in letters at least 3 inches 
high: ``PORTABLE MAGAZINE CHEST--FLAMMABLE--KEEP LIGHTS AND FIRE AWAY.''



Sec. 169.744  Emergency position indicating radio beacon (EPIRB).

    Each EPIRB must be marked with the vessel's name.



Sec. 169.745  Escape hatches and emergency exits.

    Each escape hatch and other emergency exit must be marked on both 
sides using at least 1-inch letters: ``EMERGENCY EXIT, KEEP CLEAR'', 
unless the markings are deemed unnecessary by the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection.



Sec. 169.746  Fuel shutoff valves.

    Each remote fuel shutoff station must be marked in at least 1-inch 
letters indicating purpose of the valves and direction of operation.



Sec. 169.747  Watertight doors and hatches.

    Each watertight door and watertight hatch must be marked on both 
sides in at least 1-inch letters: ``WATERTIGHT DOOR--CLOSE IN 
EMERGENCY'' or ``WATERTIGHT HATCH--CLOSE IN EMERGENCY'', unless the 
markings are deemed unnecessary by the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection.



Sec. 169.750  Radio call sign.

    Each vessel certificated for exposed or partially protected water 
service must have its radio call sign permanently displayed or readily 
available for display upon its deck or cabin top in letters at least 18 
inches high.



Sec. 169.755  Draft marks and draft indicating systems.

    (a) All vessels must have draft marks plainly and legibly visible 
upon the stem and upon the sternpost or rudderpost or at any place at 
the stern of the vessel as may be necessary for easy observance. The 
bottom of each mark must indicate the draft.
    (b) The draft must be taken from the bottom of the keel to the 
surface of the water at the location of the marks.
    (c) In cases where the keel does not extend forward or aft to the 
location of the draft marks, due to a raked stem or cut away skeg, the 
draft must be measured from a line projected from the bottom of the keel 
forward or aft, as the case may be, to the location of the draft marks.
    (d) In cases where a vessel may have a skeg or other appendage 
extending locally below the line of the keel, the draft at the end of 
the vessel adjacent to such appendage must be measured to a line tangent 
to the lowest part of such appendage and parallel to the line of the 
bottom of the keel.
    (e) Draft marks must be separated so that the projections of the 
marks onto a vertical plane are of uniform height equal to the vertical 
spacing between consecutive marks.
    (f) Draft marks must be painted in contrasting color to the hull.
    (g) In cases where draft marks are obscured due to operational 
constraints

[[Page 76]]

or by protrusions, the vessel must be fitted with a reliable draft 
indicating system from which the bow and stern drafts can be determined.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41824, Sept. 11, 1992]



                       Subpart 169.800--Operations



Sec. 169.805  Exhibition of licenses.

    Licensed personnel on any vessel subject to this subchapter shall 
have their licenses in their possession and available for examination at 
all times when the vessel is being operated.



Sec. 169.807  Notice of casualty.

    (a) The owner, agent, master, or person in charge of a vessel 
involved in a marine casualty shall give notice as soon as possible to 
the nearest Coast Guard Marine Safety or Marine Inspection Office, 
whenever the casualty involves any of the following:
    (1) Each accidental grounding and each intentional grounding which 
also meets any of the other reporting criteria or creates a hazard to 
navigation, the environment or the safety of the vessel;
    (2) Loss of main propulsion or primary steering or any associated 
component or control system which causes a reduction of the maneuvering 
capabilities of the vessel. Loss means that systems, components, sub-
system or control systems do not perform the specified or required 
function;
    (3) An occurrence materially and adversely affecting the vessel's 
seaworthiness or fitness for service or route, including but not limited 
to fire, flooding, or failure or damage to fixed fire extinguishing 
systems, lifesaving equipment, auxiliary power generating equipment, 
Coast Guard approved equipment or bilge pumping systems;
    (4) Loss of life;
    (5) Injury causing a person to remain incapacitated for a period in 
excess of 72 hours; or
    (6) An occurrence resulting in damage to property in excess of 
$25,000.00. Damage includes the cost necessary to restore the property 
to the service condition which existed prior to the casualty but does 
not include the cost of salvage, gas freeing, drydocking, or demurrage.
    (b) The notice must include the name and official number of the 
vessel involved, the name of the vessel's owner or agent, nature, 
location and circumstances of the casualty, nature and extent of injury 
to persons, and the damage to property.
    (c) In addition to the notice required, the person in charge of the 
vessel shall report in writing or in person, as soon as possible to the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection at the port in which the casualty 
occurred or nearest the port of first arrival. Casualties must be 
reported on Form CG-2692.
    (d) The owner, agent, master, or other person in charge of any 
vessel involved in a marine casualty shall retain for three years the 
voyage records of the vessel such as both rough and smooth deck and 
engineroom logs, navigation charts, navigation work books, compass 
deviation cards, gyrocompass records, record of draft, aids to mariners, 
radiograms sent and received, the radio log, and crew, sailing school 
student, instructor, and guest lists. The owner agent, master, or other 
officer in charge, shall make these records available to a duly 
authorized Coast Guard officer or employee for examination upon request.
    (e) Whenever a vessel collides or is connected with a collision with 
a buoy or other aid to navigation under the jurisdiction of the Coast 
Guard, the person in charge of the vessel shall report the accident to 
the nearest Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. A report on Form CG-
2692 is not required unless any of the results listed in paragraph (b) 
of this section occur.



Sec. 169.809  Charts and nautical publications.

    As appropriate for the intended voyage, all vessels must carry 
adequate and up-to-date--
    (a) Charts;
    (b) Sailing directions;
    (c) Coast pilots;
    (d) Light lists;
    (e) Notices to mariners;
    (f) Tide tables; and
    (g) Current tables.



Sec. 169.813  Station bills.

    (a) A station bill (muster list) shall be prepared and signed by the 
master

[[Page 77]]

of the vessel. The master shall ensure that the bill is posted in 
conspicuous locations throughout the vessel, particularly in the living 
spaces, before the vessel sails.
    (b) The station bill must set forth the special duties and duty 
station of each member of the ship's company for the various 
emergencies. The duties must, as far as possible, be comparable with the 
regular work of the individual. The duties must include at least the 
following and any other duties necessary for the proper handling of a 
particular emergency:
    (1) The closing of airports, watertight doors, scuppers, sanitary 
and other discharges which lead through the vessel's hull below the 
margin line, etc., the stopping of fans and ventilating systems, and the 
operating of all safety equipment.
    (2) The preparing and launching of lifeboats and liferafts.
    (3) The extinguishing of fire.
    (4) The mustering of guests, if carried, including the following:
    (i) Warning the guests.
    (ii) Seeing that they are dressed and have put on their personal 
flotation devices in a proper manner.
    (iii) Assembling the guests and directing them to the appointed 
stations.
    (iv) Keeping order in the passageways and stairways and generally 
controlling the movement of the guests.
    (v) Seeing that a supply of blankets is taken to the lifeboats.



Sec. 169.815  Emergency signals.

    (a) The station bill must set forth the various signals used for 
calling the ship's company to their stations and for giving instructions 
while at their stations.
    (b) On vessels of 100 gross tons and over the following signals must 
be used.
    (1) The first alarm signal must be a continuous blast of the 
vessel's whistle for a period of not less than 10 seconds supplemented 
by the continuous ringing of the general alarm bells for not less than 
10 seconds.
    (2) For dismissal from fire alarm stations, the general alarm must 
be sounded three times supplemented by three short blasts of the 
vessel's whistle.
    (3) The signal for boat stations or boat drill must be a succession 
of more than six short blasts, followed by one long blast, of the 
vessel's whistle supplemented by a comparable signal on the general 
alarm bells.
    (4) For dismissal from boat stations, there must be three short 
blasts of the whistle.
    (c) Where whistle signals are used for handling the lifeboats, they 
must be as follows:
    (1) To lower lifeboats, one short blast.
    (2) To stop lowering the lifeboats, two short blasts.



Sec. 169.817  Master to instruct ship's company.

    The master shall conduct drills and give instructions as necessary 
to insure that all hands are familiar with their duties as specified in 
the station bill.



Sec. 169.819  Manning of lifeboats and liferafts.

    (a) The provisions of this section shall apply to all vessels 
equipped with lifeboats and/or liferafts.
    (b) The master shall place a licensed deck officer, an able seaman, 
or a certificated lifeboatman in command of each lifeboat or liferaft. 
Each lifeboat or liferaft with a prescribed complement of 25 or more 
persons must have one additional certificated lifeboatman.
    (c) The person in charge of each lifeboat or liferaft shall have a 
list of its assigned occupants, and shall see that the persons under his 
orders are acquainted with their duties.



Sec. 169.821  Patrol person.

    (a) The master shall designate a member of the ship's company to be 
a roving patrol person, whenever the vessel is operational.
    (b) The roving patrol person shall frequently visit all areas to 
ensure that safe conditions are being maintained.



Sec. 169.823  Openings.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, all 
watertight doors in subdivision bulkheads, hatches, and openings in the 
hull must be kept closed during the navigation of the vessel.

[[Page 78]]

    (b) The master may permit hatches or other openings to be uncovered 
or opened for reasonable purposes such as ship's maintenance, when 
existing conditions warrant the action and the openings can readily be 
closed.



Sec. 169.824  Compliance with provisions of certificate of inspection.

    The master or person in charge of the vessel shall see that all of 
the provisions of the certificate of inspection are strictly adhered to. 
Nothing in this subpart shall be construed as limiting the master or 
person in charge of the vessel, on his own responsibility, from 
diverting from the route prescribed in the certificate of inspection or 
taking such other steps as he deems necessary and prudent to assist 
vessels in distress or for other similar emergencies.



Sec. 169.825  Wearing of safety belts.

    The master of each vessel shall ensure that each person wears an 
approved safety harness when aloft or working topside in heavy weather.

                     Tests, Drills, and Inspections



Sec. 169.826  Steering, communications and control.

    The master shall test the vessel's steering gear, signaling whistle, 
engine controls, and communications equipment prior to getting underway.



Sec. 169.827  Hatches and other openings.

    The master is responsible for seeing that all hatches, openings in 
the hull, and watertight doors are properly closed tight.



Sec. 169.829  Emergency lighting and power systems.

    (a) Where fitted, the master shall have the emergency lighting and 
power systems operated and inspected at least once in each week that the 
vessel is navigated to ensure that the system is in proper operating 
condition.
    (b) The master shall have the internal combustion engine driven 
emergency generators operated under load for at least 2 hours at least 
once in each month that the vessel is navigated.
    (c) The master shall have the storage batteries for emergency 
lighting and power systems tested at least once in each 6-month period 
that the vessel is navigated to demonstrate the ability of the storage 
battery to supply the emergency loads for the specified period of time.
    (d) The date of each test and the condition and performance of the 
apparatus must be noted in the official logbook.



Sec. 169.831  Emergency position indicating radio beacon (EPIRB).

    The master shall ensure that--
    (a) The EPIRB required in Sec. 169.555 of this subchapter is tested 
monthly, using the integrated test circuit and output indicator, to 
determine that it is operative; and
    (b) The EPIRB's battery is replaced after the EPIRB is used and 
before the marked expiration date.



Sec. 169.833  Fire and boat drills.

    (a) When the vessel is operating, the master shall conduct a fire 
and boat drill each week. The scheduling of drills is at the discretion 
of the master except that at least one fire and boat drill must be held 
within 24 hours of leaving a port if more than 25 percent of the ship's 
company have been replaced at that port.
    (b) The fire and boat drill must be conducted as if an actual 
emergency existed. All persons on board including guests shall report to 
their respective stations and be prepared to perform the duties 
specified in the station bill.
    (1) Fire pumps must be started and a sufficient number of outlets 
used to ascertain that the system is in proper working order.
    (2) All rescue and safety equipment must be brought from the 
emergency equipment lockers and the persons designated must demonstrate 
their ability to use the equipment.
    (3) All watertight doors which are in use while the vessel is 
underway must be operated.
    (4) Weather permitting, lifeboat covers and strongbacks must be 
removed, plugs or caps put in place, boat ladders secured in position, 
painters led forward and tended, and other life saving equipment 
prepared for use. The motor

[[Page 79]]

and hand-propelling gear of each lifeboat, where fitted, must be 
operated for at least 5 minutes.
    (5) In port, every lifeboat must be swung out, if practicable. The 
unobstructed lifeboats must be lowered to the water and the ship's 
company must be exercised in the use of the oars or other means of 
propulsion. Although all lifeboats may not be used in a particular 
drill, care must be taken that all lifeboats are given occasional use to 
ascertain that all lowering equipment is in proper order and the crew 
properly trained. The master shall ensure that each lifeboat is lowered 
to the water at least once every 3 months.
    (6) When the vessel in underway, and weather permitting, all 
lifeboats must be swung out to ascertain that the gear is in proper 
order.
    (7) The person in charge of each lifeboat and liferaft shall have a 
list of its crew and shall ensure that the persons under his or her 
command are acquainted with their duties.
    (8) Lifeboat equipment must be examined at least once a month to 
ensure that it is complete.
    (9) The master shall ensure that all persons on board fully 
participate in these drills and that they have been instructed in the 
proper method of donning and adjusting the personal flotation devices 
and exposure suits used and informed of the stowage location of these 
devices.
    (c) The master shall have an entry made in the vessel's official 
logbook relative to each fire and boat drill setting forth the date and 
hour, length of time of the drill, numbers on the lifeboats swung out 
and numbers on those lowered, the length of time that motor and hand-
propelled lifeboats are operated, the number of lengths of hose used, 
together with a statement as to the condition of all fire and lifesaving 
equipment, watertight door mechanisms, valves, etc. An entry must also 
be made to report the monthly examination of the lifeboat equipment. If 
in any week the required fire and boat drills are not held or only 
partial drills are held, an entry must be made stating the circumstances 
and extend of the drills held.
    (d) A copy of these requirements must be framed under glass or other 
transparent material and posted in a conspicuous place about the vessel.



Sec. 169.837  Lifeboats, liferafts, and lifefloats.

    (a) The master or person in charge shall ensure that the lifeboats, 
rescue boats, liferafts, and lifefloats, are properly maintained at all 
times, and that all equipment for the vessel required by the regulations 
in this subchapter is provided, maintained, and replaced as indicated or 
when necessary and no less frequently than required by paragraph (b) of 
this section.
    (b) The master shall ensure that:
    (1) Each lifeboat has been stripped, cleaned and thoroughly 
overhauled at least once in each year.
    (2) The fuel tanks of motor propelled lifeboats have been emptied 
and fuel changed once every twelve months.
    (3) Each lifefloat has been cleaned and thorughly overhauled once 
every twelve months.
    (4) Each inflatable liferaft has been serviced at an approved 
facility every 12 months or not later than the next vessel; inspection 
for certification if the time since the date of the last servicing does 
not exceed 15 months.



Sec. 169.839  Firefighting equipment.

    (a) The master or person in charge shall ensure that the vessel's 
firefighting equipment is at all times ready for use and that all 
firefighting equipment required by the regulations in this subchapter is 
provided, maintained, and replaced as indicated.
    (b) The master or person in charge shall have performed at least 
once every 12 months the tests and inspections of all hand portable fire 
extinguishers, semiportable fire extinguishing systems, and fixed fire 
extinguishing systems on board as described in Sec. 169.247 of this 
subchapter. The master or person in charge shall keep records of the 
tests and inspections showing the dates when performed, the number and/
or other identification of each unit tested and inspected, and the 
name(s) of the person(s) and/or company conducting the tests and 
inspections. These records must be made available to the marine 
inspectors upon request and must be kept for the period of validity of 
the vessel's current certificate

[[Page 80]]

of inspection. Conducting these tests and inspections does not relieve 
the master or person in charge of his responsibility to maintain this 
firefighting equipment in proper condition at all times.



Sec. 169.840  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability requirements.

    (a) After loading and prior to departure and at all other times 
necessary to assure the safety of the vessel, the master shall determine 
that the vessel complies with all applicable stability requirements in 
the vessel's trim and stability book, stability letter, Certificate of 
Inspection, and Load Line Certificate, as the case may be, and then 
enter an attestation statement of the verification in the log book. The 
vessel may not depart until it is in compliance with these requirements.
    (b) When determining compliance with applicable stability 
requirements the vessel's draft, trim, and stability must be determined 
as necessary and any stability calculations made in support of the 
determination must be retained on board the vessel for the duration of 
the voyage.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41825, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 169.841  Logbook entries.

    (a) Each vessel subject to the inspection provisions of this 
subchapter must have an official logbook.
    (b) The master shall place all entries required by law or regulation 
in the logbook.
    (c) A Coast Guard form ``Official Logbook'' may be utilized or the 
owner may utilize his own format for an official logbook. The logs must 
be kept available for review by the Coast Guard for a period of one year 
after the date to which the records refer or for the period of validity 
of the vessel's current certificate of inspection, whichever is longer.
    (d) All tests, drills, inspections and notifications required in 
this subchapter must be entered in the official logbook.
    (e) Prior to getting underway the master shall enter in the logbook 
the name of each sailing school student, sailing school instructor, and 
guest onboard, and the fact that each person was notified of the 
applicable safety standards for sailing school vessels as required by 
Sec. 169.857 of this chapter.



Sec. 169.847  Lookouts.

    Nothing in this part exonerates any master or officer of the watch 
from the consequences of any neglect to keep a proper lookout.



Sec. 169.849  Posting placards containing instructions for launching and inflating inflatable liferafts.

    Every vessel equipped with inflatable liferafts must have posted in 
conspicuous places readily accessible to the ship's company and guests 
approved placards containing instructions for launching and inflating 
inflatable liferafts. The number and location of such placards for a 
particular vessel shall be determined by the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection.



Sec. 169.853  Display of plans.

    (a) Each vessel of 100 gross tons and over must have permanently 
exhibited for the guidance of the master, general arrangement plans for 
each deck showing the fire control stations, the various sections 
enclosed by fire resisting bulkheads, the sections enclosed by fire 
retarding bulkheads, together with the particulars of the fire alarms, 
detecting systems, fire extinguishing appliances, means of access to 
different compartments, ventilation systems and the position of dampers 
and remote stops.
    (b) Plans must clearly show for each deck the boundaries of the 
watertight compartments, the openings therein with the means of closure 
and the position of any controls, and the arrangements for the 
correction of any list due to flooding.



Sec. 169.855  Pre-underway training.

    Prior to getting underway the master shall ensure that each sailing 
school student and sailing school instructor, who has not previously 
been instructed, is instructed in the handling of sails, emergency 
procedures, nautical terms, location and use of lifesaving and 
firefighting equipment, and the general layout of the vessel.

[[Page 81]]



Sec. 169.857  Disclosure of safety standards.

    (a) This section applies to all sailing school vessels and all 
promotional literature or advertisements offering passage or soliciting 
sailing school students or instructors for voyages on sailing school 
vessels.
    (b) Each item of promotional literature or advertisement that offers 
passage or solicits students or instructors of voyages onboard a sailing 
school vessel must contain the following information:
    (1) The name of the vessel;
    (2) The country of registry;
    (3) A statement detailing the role and responsibility of a sailing 
school student or instructor; and
    (4) A statement that the vessel is inspected and certificated as a 
sailing school vessel and is not required to meet the same safety 
standards required of a passenger vessel on a comparable route.
    (c) Before getting underway the master shall ensure that each 
sailing school student, sailing school instructor, and guest, who has 
not previously been notified, is notified of the specialized nature of 
sailing school vessels and that the applicable safety requirements for 
these vessels are not the same as those applied to passenger vessels.

[[Page 82]]



                 SUBCHAPTER S--SUBDIVISION AND STABILITY





PART 170--STABILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL INSPECTED VESSELS--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
170.001  Applicability.
170.003  Right of appeal.
170.005  Vessel alteration or repair.
170.010  Equivalents.
170.015  Incorporation by reference.
170.020  OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork 
          Reduction Act.

                         Subpart B--Definitions

170.050  General terms.
170.055  Definitions concerning a vessel.

                        Subpart C--Plan Approval

170.070  Applicability.
170.075  Plans.
170.080  Stability booklet.
170.085  Information required before a stability test.
170.090  Calculations.
170.093  Specific approvals.
170.095  Data submittal for a vessel equipped to lift.
170.098  Submittal of information for the carriage of bulk grain. 
          [Reserved]
170.100  Addresses for submittal of plans and calculations.

        Subpart D--Stability Instructions for Operating Personnel

170.105  Applicability.
170.110  Stability booklet.
170.120  Stability letter.
170.125  Operating information for a vessel engaged in lifting.
170.135  Operating information for a vessel with Type III subdivision.

                       Subpart E--Weather Criteria

170.160  Specific applicability.
170.170  Calculations required.
170.173  Criterion for vessels of unusual proportion and form.

  Subpart F--Determination of Lightweight Displacement and Centers of 
                                 Gravity

170.174  Specific applicability.
170.175  Stability test: general.
170.180  Plans and information required at the stability test.
170.185  Stability test preparations.
170.190  Stability test procedure modifications.
170.200  Estimated lightweight vertical center of gravity.
170.210  Lightweight verification.

                    Subpart G--Special Installations

170.235  Fixed ballast.
170.245  Form flotation material.

                  Subpart H--Watertight Bulkhead Doors

170.248  Applicability.
170.250  Types and classes.
170.255  Class 1 doors; permissible locations.
170.260  Class 2 doors; permissible locations.
170.265  Class 3 doors; required locations.
170.270  Door design, operation, installation, and testing.
170.275  Special requirements for cargo space watertight doors.

                         Subpart I--Free Surface

170.285  Free surface correction for intact stability calculations.
170.290  Free surface correction for damage stability calculations.
170.295  Special considerations for free surface of passive roll 
          stabilization tanks.
170.300  Special consideration for free surface of spoil in hopper 
          dredge hoppers.

    Authority: 43 U.S.C. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 3703; E.O. 12234, 
45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 170.001  Applicability.

    (a) This subchapter, except where specifically stated otherwise, 
applies to each vessel contracted for on or after March 11, 1996, that 
is--
    (1) Inspected under another subchapter of this chapter; or
    (2) A foreign vessel that must comply with the requirements in 
Subchapter 0 of this chapter.
    (b) Each vessel contracted for before March 11, 1996 may be 
constructed in accordance with the regulations in effect at the time. 
However, any alterations or repairs must be done in accordance with 
Sec. 170.005.

[[Page 83]]

    (c) Certain regulations in this subchapter apply only to limited 
categories of vessels. Specific applicability statements are provided at 
the beginning of those regulations.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 89-037, 57 FR 
41825, Sept. 11, 1992; CGD 85-080, 61 FR 943, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 170.003  Right of appeal.

    Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under 
this subchapter, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal 
therefrom in accordance with subpart 1.03 of this chapter.

[CGD 88-033, 54 FR 50382, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec. 170.005  Vessel alteration or repair.

    (a) Alterations and repairs to inspected vessels must be done--
    (1) Under the direction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection; 
and
    (2) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, in 
accordance with the regulations in this subchapter, to the extent 
practicable.
    (b) Minor alterations and repairs may be done in accordance with 
regulations in effect at the time the vessel was contracted for.



Sec. 170.010  Equivalents.

    Substitutions for fittings, equipment, arrangements, calculations, 
information, or tests required in this subchapter may be approved by the 
Commandant, the Commanding Officer, U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety 
Center, 400 Seventh St., SW., Washington, DC 20590-0001 or the Officer 
in Charge, Marine Inspection, if the substitution provides an equivalent 
level of safety.

[CGD 89-025, 54 FR 19572, May 8, 1989, as amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 170.015  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a). To enforce any edition other than that specified 
in paragraph (b) of this section, the Coast Guard must publish notice of 
change in the Federal Register and make the material available to the 
public. All approved material is on file at the Office of the Federal 
Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC, and 
at the U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Design and Engineering Standards (G-
MSE), 2100 Second Street SW., Washington, DC 20593-0001 and is available 
from the sources indicated in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
part and the sections affected are:

            American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM F-1196, Sliding Watertight Door Assemblies, 1989............170.270
ASTM F-1197, Sliding Watertight Door Control Systems, 1989.......170.270

                         Military Specification

Naval Publications and Forms Center, Code 1052, 5801 Tabor Avenue, 
          Philadelphia, PA 19120
MIL-P-21929B, Plastic Material, Cellular Polyurethane, Foam in Place, 
Rigid, 1970......................................................170.245

                International Maritime Organization (IMO)

Publications Section, International Maritime Organization, 4 Albert 
          Embankment, London SE1 7SR
Resolution A.265 (VIII)..........................................170.135

[CGD 88-032, 56 FR 35827, July 29, 1991, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 170.020  OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act.

    (a) Purpose. This section collects and displays the control numbers 
assigned to information collection and recordkeeping requirements in 
this subchapter by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to 
the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). The Coast 
Guard intends that this section comply with the requirements of 44 
U.S.C. 3507(f), which requires that agencies display a current control 
number assigned by the OMB for each approved agency information 
collection requirement.
    (b) Display.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                46 CFR part--                   Current OMB control No. 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.  170.075................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.080................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131

[[Page 84]]

                                                                        
Sec.  170.085................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.090................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.095................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.100................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.110................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.120................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.125................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.135................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.180................................      2115-0095, 2115-0114,
                                                    2115-0130, 2115-0131
Sec.  170.210................................                  2115-0589
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41825, Sept. 11, 1992]



                         Subpart B--Definitions



Sec. 170.050  General terms.

    (a) Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center (CO, MSC) means a 
district commander described in 33 CFR part 3 whose command includes a 
merchant marine technical office or an authorized representative of the 
district commander.
    (b) Commandant means the Commandant of the Coast Guard or an 
authorized representative of the Commandant.
    (c) Exposed waters means waters more than 20 nautical miles (37 
kilometers) from the mouth of a harbor of safe refuge and other waters 
which the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection determines to present 
special hazards due to weather or other circumstances.
    (d) Great Lakes includes both the waters of the Great Lakes and of 
the St. Lawrence River as far east as a straight line drawn from Cap de 
Rosiers to West Point, Anticosti Island, and west of a line along the 
63rd meridian from Anticosti Island to the north shore of the St. 
Lawrence River.
    (e) Lakes, Bays, and Sounds includes the waters of any lake, bay, or 
sound, except the Great Lakes.
    (f) Oceans includes the waters of--
    (1) Any ocean;
    (2) The Gulf of Mexico;
    (3) The Caribbean Sea;
    (4) The Gulf of Alaska; and
    (5) Any other waters designated as ``oceans'' by the Commandant.
    (g) Officer in Charge Marine Inspection (OCMI) means an officer of 
the Coast Guard who commands a Marine Inspection Zone described in 33 
CFR part 3 or an authorized representative of that officer.
    (h) Oil means oil of any kind or in any form, and includes but is 
not limited to petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed 
with wastes other than dredged spoil.
    (i) Partially protected waters means--
    (1) Waters within 20 nautical miles (37 kilometers) of the mouth of 
a harbor of safe refuge, unless determined by the OCMI to be exposed 
waters; and
    (2) Those portions of rivers, harbors, lakes, etc. which the OCMI 
determines not to be sheltered.
    (j) Protected waters means sheltered waters presenting no special 
hazards such as most rivers, harbors, lakes, etc.
    (k) Rivers means any river, canal, or any other similar body of 
water designated by the OCMI.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 170.055  Definitions concerning a vessel.

    (a) Auxiliary sailing vessel means a vessel capable of being 
propelled both by mechanical means and by sails.
    (b) Barge means a vessel not equipped with a means of self-
propulsion.
    (c) Beam or B means the maximum width of a vessel from--
    (1) Outside of planking to outside of planking on wooden vessels; 
and
    (2) Outside of frame to outside of frame on all other vessels.
    (d) Bulkhead deck means the uppermost deck to which watertight 
bulkheads and the watertight shell extend.
    (e) Downflooding means, except as provided in Sec. 174.035(b), the 
entry of seawater through any opening into the hull or superstructure of 
an undamaged vessel due to heel, trim, or submergence of the vessel.
    (f) Documented alterations means changes to the vessel which are 
reflected in the approved stability information carried on board the 
vessel.
    (g) Downflooding angle means, except as specified by 
Secs. 171.055(f), 172.090(d), 173.095(e), 174.015(b), 174.035(b)(2), and 
174.185 of this chapter, the static angle

[[Page 85]]

from the intersection of the vessel's centerline and waterline in calm 
water to the first opening that cannot be closed watertight and through 
which downflooding can occur.
    (h) Draft means the vertical distance from the molded baseline 
amidships to the waterline.
    (i) Length means the distance between fore and aft points on a 
vessel. The following specific terms are used and correspond to specific 
fore and aft points:
    (1) Length between perpendiculars (LBP) means the horizontal 
distance measured between perpendiculars taken at the forward-most and 
after-most points on the waterline corresponding to the deepest 
operating draft. For a small passenger vessel which has underwater 
projections extending forward of the forward-most point or aft of the 
after-most point on the deepest waterline of the vessel, the Commanding 
Officer, U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Center, may include the length 
or a portion of the length of the underwater projections in the value 
used for the LBP for the purposes of this subchapter. The length or a 
portion of the length of projections which contribute more than 2 
percent of the underwater volume of the vessel is normally added to the 
actual LBP.
    (2) Length overall (LOA) means the horizontal distance between the 
forward-most and after-most points on the hull.
    (3) Length on the waterline (LWL) means the horizontal distance 
between the forward-most and after-most points on a vessel's waterline.
    (4) Length on deck (LOD) means the length between the forward-most 
and after-most points on a specified deck measured along the deck, 
excluding sheer.
    (5) Load line length (LLL) has the same meaning that is provided for 
the term length in Sec. 42.13-15(a) of this chapter.
    (6) Mean length is the average of the length between perpendiculars 
(LBP) and the length on deck (LOD).
    (j) Lightweight means with fixed ballast and with machinery liquids 
at operating levels but without any cargo, stores, consumable liquids, 
water ballast, or persons and their effects.
    (k) Main transverse watertight bulkhead means a transverse bulkhead 
that must be maintained watertight in order for the vessel to meet the 
damage stability and subdivision requirements in this subchapter.
    (l) Major conversion, as applied to Great Lakes bulk carriers, means 
a conversion of an existing vessel that substantially changes the 
dimensions or carrying capacity of the vessel or changes the the type of 
vessel or substantially prolongs its life or that otherwise so changes 
the vessel that it is essentially a new vessel.
    (m) Permeability is the percentage of the volume of a space that can 
be occupied by water.
    (n) Sailing vessel means a vessel propelled only by sails.
    (o) Ship means a self-propelled vessel.
    (p) Tank vessel means a vessel that is specially constructed or 
converted to carry liquid bulk cargo in tanks.
    (q) Tank barge means a tank vessel not equipped with a means of 
self-propulsion.
    (r) Tank ship means a tank vessel propelled by mechanical means or 
sails.
    (s) Vessel means any vessel and includes both ships and barges.
    (t) Weather deck means the uppermost deck exposed to the weather.
    (u) Existing sailing school vessel means a sailing vessel whose keel 
was laid prior to (January 9, 1986), which has an application for 
initial inspection for certification as a sailing school vessel on file 
with the Coast Guard prior to (January 9, 1987), and whose initial 
inspection for certification is completed prior to (January 9, 1988).
    (v) New sailing school vessel means a sailing school vessel which is 
not an existing sailing school vessel.
    (w) Small passenger vessel means a vessel of less than 100 gross 
tons--
    (1) Carrying more than 6 passengers, including at least one 
passenger for hire;
    (2) That is chartered with the crew provided or specified by the 
owner or owner's representative and carrying more than 6 passengers;
    (3) That is chartered with no crew provided or specified by the 
owner or owner's representative and carrying more than 12 passengers; or

[[Page 86]]

    (4) That is a submersible vessel carrying at least one passenger for 
hire.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51 FR 
923, Jan. 9, 1986; 51 FR 3785, Jan. 30, 1986; CGD 80-159, 51 FR 33059, 
Sept. 18, 1986; 51 FR 35515, Oct. 6, 1986; CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41825, 
Sept. 11, 1992; CGD 82-004 and CGD 86-074, 60 FR 57671, Nov. 16, 1995; 
CGD 85-080, 61 FR 943, Jan. 10, 1996]



                        Subpart C--Plan Approval



Sec. 170.070  Applicability.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this 
subpart applies to each vessel.
    (b) This subpart does not apply to any of the following vessels 
unless the stability of the vessel is questioned by the OCMI:
    (1) A passenger vessel that--
    (i) Is less than 100 gross tons;
    (ii) Is less than 65 feet (19.8 meters) LOD measured over the 
weather deck; and
    (iii) Carries 49 or less passengers.
    (2) A deck cargo barge that complies with the requirements in 
Sec. 174.020 of this chapter.
    (3) A tank vessel that only carries a product listed in Sec. 30.25-1 
of this chapter and that is less than 150 gross tons.
    (4) A tank barge that--
    (i) Operates only in rivers or lakes, bays, and sounds service;
    (ii) Does not have to meet 33 CFR part 157, subpart B; and
    (iii) Only carries a product listed in Sec. 30.25-1 of this chapter.
    (5) A sailing school vessel that is an open boat that complies with 
the requirements in Sec. 173.063(e) of this subchapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51 FR 
923, Jan. 9, 1986]



Sec. 170.075  Plans.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
applicant for an original certificate of inspection and approval of 
plans must also submit three copies of each of the following plans:
    (1) General arrangement plan of decks, holds, and inner bottoms 
including inboard and outboard profiles.
    (2) Lines.
    (3) Curves of form.
    (4) Capacity plan showing capacities and vertical, longitudinal, and 
transverse centers of gravity of stowage spaces and tanks.
    (5) Tank sounding tables showing--
    (i) Capacities, vertical centers of gravity, and longitudinal 
centers of gravity in graduated intervals; and
    (ii) Free surface data for each tank.
    (6) Draft mark locations including longitudinal location and 
vertical reference points.
    (b) Each small passenger vessel that is designed to comply with the 
alternate intact stability requirements in Sec. 178.320 of this 
subchapter and the simplified method of spacing main transverse 
watertight bulkheads in Sec. 179.220 of this subchapter does not have to 
submit the plans required by paragraph (a) of this section.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 170.080  Stability booklet.

    Before issuing an original certificate of inspection, three copies 
of the stability booklet required by Sec. 170.110 must be submitted for 
approval to the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 170.085  Information required before a stability test.

    If a stability test is to be performed, a stability test procedure 
that contains the information prescribed in Sec. 170.185(g) must be 
submitted to the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center at least two 
weeks before the test.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 170.090  Calculations.

    (a) Except as provided in Sec. 170.098, all calculations required by 
this subchapter must be submitted with the plans required by 
Sec. 170.075.
    (b) If it is necessary to compute and plot any of the following 
curves as part of the calculations required in this subchapter, these 
plots must also be submitted:

[[Page 87]]

    (1) Righting arm or moment curves.
    (2) Heeling arm or moment curves.
    (3) Cross curves of stability.
    (4) Floodable length curves.



Sec. 170.093  Specific approvals.

    Certain rules in this subchapter require specific approval of 
equipment or arrangements by the Commandant, Commanding Officer, Marine 
Safety Center, or OCMI. These approval determinations will be made as a 
part of the plan review process.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 170.095  Data submittal for a vessel equipped to lift.

    The following data must be submitted with the plans required by 
Sec. 170.075 if the vessel is engaged in lifting and is required to 
comply with subpart B of part 173 of this chapter:
    (a) A graph of maximum hook load versus maximum crane radius.
    (b) A table of crane radius versus the maximum distance above the 
main deck to which the hook load can be raised.
    (c) A table showing maximum vertical and transverse moments at which 
the crane is to operate.
Sec. 170.098    Submittal of information for the carriage of bulk grain. 
          [Reserved]



Sec. 170.100  Addresses for submittal of plans and calculations.

    Except as provided in Sec. 170.098, the plans, information, and 
calculations required by this subpart must be submitted to one of the 
following:
    (a) The Marine Inspection Office, in the zone where the vessel is to 
be built or altered.
    (b) Commanding Officer, U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Center, 400 
Seventh St., SW, Washington, DC 20590-0001.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-048b, 51 FR 
15498, Apr. 24, 1986; CGD 89-025, 54 FR 19572, May 8, 1989; CGD 96-041, 
61 FR 50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



        Subpart D--Stability Instructions for Operating Personnel



Sec. 170.105  Applicability.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this 
subpart applies to each vessel.
    (b) This subpart does not apply to any of the following vessels 
unless the stability of the vessel is questioned by the OCMI:
    (1) A deck cargo barge that complies with the requirements in 
Sec. 174.020 of this chapter.
    (2) A tank vessel that only carries a product listed in Sec. 30.25-1 
of this chapter and that is less than 150 gross tons.
    (3) A tank barge that--
    (i) Operates only in rivers or lakes, bays, and sounds service;
    (ii) Does not have to meet 33 CFR part 157, subpart B; and
    (iii) Only carries a product listed in Sec. 30.25-1 of this chapter.
    (4) A sailing school vessel that is an open boat that complies with 
the requirements in Sec. 173.063(e) of this subchapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51 FR 
923, Jan. 9, 1986; CGD 85-080, 61 FR 944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 170.110  Stability booklet.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, a stability 
booklet must be prepared for each vessel, except for mobile offshore 
drilling units subject to the operating manual requirements of 
Sec. 109.121 of this chapter.
    (b) Each stability booklet must be approved by the Commanding 
Officer, Marine Safety Center.
    (c) Each stability book must contain sufficient information to 
enable the master to operate the vessel in compliance with applicable 
regulations in this subchapter. Information on loading restrictions used 
to determine compliance with applicable intact and damage stability 
criteria must encompass the entire range of operating drafts and the 
entire range of the operating trims. Information must include an 
effective procedure for supervision and reporting of the opening and 
closing of all loading doors, where applicable.
    (d) The format of the stability booklet and the information included 
will vary dependent on the vessel type and

[[Page 88]]

operation. Units of measure used in the stability booklet must agree 
with the units of measure of the draft markings. In developing the 
stability booklet, consideration must be given to including the 
following information:
    (1) A general description of the vessel, including lightweight data.
    (2) Instructions on the use of the booklet.
    (3) General arrangement plans showing watertight compartments, 
closures, vents, downflooding angles, and allowable deck loadings.
    (4) Hydrostatic curves or tables.
    (5) Capacity plan showing capacities and vertical, longitudinal, and 
transverse centers of gravity of stowage spaces and tanks.
    (6) Tank sounding tables showing capacities, vertical centers of 
gravity, and longitudinal centers of gravity in graduated intervals and 
showing free surface data for each tank.
    (7) Information on loading restrictions, such as a maximum KG or 
minimum GM curve that can be used to determine compliance with 
applicable intact and damage stability criteria.
    (8) Examples of loading conditions.
    (9) A rapid and simple means for evaluating other loading 
conditions.
    (10) A brief description of the stability calculations done 
including assumptions.
    (11) General precautions for preventing unintentional flooding.
    (12) A table of contents and index for the booklet.
    (13) Each ship condition which, if damage occurs, may require cross-
flooding for survival and information concerning the use of any special 
cross-flooding fittings.
    (14) The amount and location of fixed ballast.
    (15) Any other necessary guidance for the safe operation of the 
vessel under normal and emergency conditions.
    (16) For each self-propelled hopper dredge with a working freeboard, 
the maximum specific gravity allowed for dredge spoil.
    (e) A stability booklet is not required if sufficient information to 
enable the master to operate the vessel in compliance with the 
applicable regulations in this subchapter can be placed on the 
Certificate of Inspection, Load Line Certificate, or in the stability 
letter required in Sec. 170.120.
    (f) On board electronic stability computers may be used as an 
adjunct to the required booklet, but the required booklet must contain 
all necessary information to allow for the evaluation of the stability 
of any intact condition that can be evaluated by use of the computer.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-071, 52 FR 
6979, Mar. 6, 1987; CGD 88-070, 53 FR 34537, Sept. 7, 1988; CGD 76-080, 
54 FR 36977, Sept. 6, 1989; CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41825, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 170.120  Stability letter.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each vessel 
must have a stability letter issued by the Coast Guard before the vessel 
is placed in service. This letter sets forth conditions of operation.
    (b) A stability letter is not required if the information can be 
placed on the Certificate of Inspection or the Load Line Certificate.



Sec. 170.125  Operating information for a vessel engaged in lifting.

    In addition to the information required in Sec. 170.110, the 
following information must be included in the stability booklet of a 
vessel that is required to comply with Sec. 173.005 of this subchapter:
    (a) Non-counterballasted vessel. If a vessel is not 
counterballasted, stability information setting forth hook load limits 
corresponding to boom radii based on the intact stability criterion in 
Sec. 173.020 must be provided.
    (b) Counterballasted vessel. If a vessel is counterballasted with 
water, the following information must be provided:
    (1) Instructions on the effect of the free surface of the 
counterballast water.
    (2) Instructions on the amounts of counterballast needed to 
compensate for hook load heeling moments.
    (3) If a vessel has fixed counterballast, a table of draft versus 
maximum vertical moment of deck cargo and hook load combined.
    (4) If a vessel has variable counterballast, a table of draft versus 
maximum vertical moment of deck

[[Page 89]]

cargo and hook load combined for each counterballasted condition.



Sec. 170.135  Operating information for a vessel with Type III subdivision.

    (a) In addition to the information required in Sec. 170.110, the 
stability booklet of a passenger vessel with Type III subdivision must 
contain the information required by Regulation 8(b) of IMO Resolution 
A.265 (VIII).
    (b) International Maritime Organization Resolution A.265 (VIII) is 
incorporated by reference into this part.
    (c) As used in IMO Resolution A.265 (VIII), Administration means the 
Commandant, U. S. Coast Guard.



                       Subpart E--Weather Criteria



Sec. 170.160  Specific applicability

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
this subpart applies to each vessel.
    (b) This subpart does not apply to any of the following vessels 
unless the stability of the vessel is questioned by the OCMI:
    (1) A deck cargo barge that complies with the requirements in 
Sec. 174.020 of this chapter.
    (2) A tank vessel that only carries a product listed in Sec. 30.25-1 
of this chapter and that is--
    (i) Less than 150 gross tons; or
    (ii) A tank barge that operates only in river or lakes, bays, and 
sounds service.
    (3) A sailing school vessel that is an open boat that complies with 
the requirements in Sec. 173.063(e) of this subchapter.
    (c) This subpart does not apply to the following vessels:
    (1) A tank barge that carries a product listed in Table 151.01-10(b) 
of this chapter.
    (2) A mobile offshore drilling unit.
    (3) A vessel that performs the test required by Sec. 171.030(c) of 
this subchapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51 FR 
923, Jan. 9, 1986; CGD 85-080, 61 FR 944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 170.170  Calculations required.

    (a) Each vessel must be shown by design calculations to have a 
metacentric height (GM) that is equal to or greater than the following 
in each condition of loading and operation:

                                                                                                                
                                                                     PAH                                        
                                                GM      -----------------------------                           
                                                                  W tan (T)                                     
                                                                                                                

Where--

P=.005+(L/14,200)2 tons/ft2 . . . for ocean service, Great 
          Lakes winter service, or service on exposed waters.
P=.055+(L/1309)2 metric tons/m2 . . . for ocean service, Great 
          Lakes winter service, or service on exposed waters.
P=.0033+(L/14,200)2 tons/ft2 . . . for Great Lakes summer 
          service or service on partially protected waters.
P=.036+(L/1309)2 metric tons/m2 . . . for Great lakes summer 
          service or service on partially protected waters.
P=.0025+(L/14,200)2 tons/ft2 . . . for service on protected 
          waters.
P=.028+(L/1309)2 metric tons/m2 . . . for service on protected 
          waters.
L=LBP in feet (meters).
A=projected lateral area in square feet (square meters) of the portion 
          of the vessel and deck cargo above the waterline.
H=the vertical distance in feet (meters) from the center of A to the 
          center of the underwater lateral area or approximately to the 
          one-half draft point.
W=displacement in long (metric) tons.
T=either:
    (1) the lesser of either 14 degrees heel or the angle of heel in 
degrees at which one-half the freeboard to the deck edge is immersed; or
    (2) for a sailing vessel, T = the lesser of either 14 degrees or the 
angle of heel in degrees to the deck edge.
    The deck edge is to be taken as the intersection of the sideshell 
and the uppermost continuous deck below which the sideshell is 
weathertight.

    (b) If approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center, a 
larger value of T may be used for a vessel with a discontinuous weather 
deck or abnormal sheer.
    (c) When doing the calculations required by paragraph (a) of this 
section for a sailing vessel or auxiliary sailing vessel, the vessel 
must be assumed--
    (1) To be under bare poles; or
    (2) If the vessel has no auxiliary propulsion, to have storm sails 
set and trimmed flat.
    (d) The criterion specified in this section is complete for flush 
deck vessels of ordinary proportion and form that carry cargo below the 
weather deck. For other types of vessels, calculations

[[Page 90]]

in addition to those in paragraph (a) of this section are required. For 
a vessel under 100 meters (328 feet) in length, other than a tugboat or 
a towboat, the requirements in Sec. 170.173 apply.

[48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983; 49 FR 37384, Sept. 24, 1984, as amended by 
CGD 88-070, 53 FR 34537, Sept. 7, 1988; CGD 85-080, 61 FR 944, Jan. 10, 
1996; 61 FR 20556, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 170.173  Criterion for vessels of unusual proportion and form.

    (a) If required by the Commander (mmt), each mechanically powered 
vessel less than 328 feet (100 meters) LLL, other than a tugboat or 
towboat, must be shown by design calculations to comply with--
    (1) Paragraph (b) or (c) of this section if the maximum righting arm 
occurs at an angle of heel less than or equal to 30 degrees; or
    (2) Paragraph (b) of this section if the maximum righting arm occurs 
at an angle of heel greater than 30 degrees.
    (b) Each vessel must have--
    (1) An initial metacentric height (GM) of at least 0.49 feet (0.15 
meters);
    (2) A righting arm (GZ) of at least 0.66 feet (0.20 meters) at an 
angle of heel equal to or greater than 30 degrees;
    (3) A maximum righting arm that occurs at an angle of heel not less 
than 25 degrees;
    (4) An area under each righting arm curve of at least 10.3 foot-
degrees (3.15 meter-degrees) up to an angle of heel of 30 degrees;
    (5) An area under each righting arm curve of at least 16.9 foot-
degrees (5.15 meter-degrees) up to an angle of heel of 40 degrees or the 
downflooding angle, whichever is less; and
    (6) An area under each righting arm curve between the angles of 30 
degrees and 40 degrees, or between 30 degrees and the downflooding angle 
if this angle is less than 40 degrees, of not less than 5.6 foot-degrees 
(1.72 meter-degrees).
    (c) Each vessel must have--
    (1) An initial metacentric height (GM) of at least 0.49 feet (0.15 
meters);
    (2) A maximum righting arm that occurs at an angle of heel not less 
than 15 degrees;
    (3) An area under each righting arm curve of at least 16.9 foot-
degrees (5.15 meter-degrees) up to an angle of heel of 40 degrees or the 
downflooding angle, whichever is less;
    (4) An area under each righting arm curve between the angles of 30 
degrees and 40 degrees, or between 30 degrees and the downflooding angle 
if this angle is less than 40 degrees, of not less than 5.6 foot-degrees 
(1.72 meter-degrees); and
    (5) An area under each righting arm curve up to the angle of maximum 
righting arm of not less than the area determined by the following 
equation:

                    A=10.3+0.187 (30-Y) foot-degrees

                    A=3.15+0.057 (30-Y) meter-degrees

where--
A=area in foot-degrees (meter-degrees).
Y=angle of maximum righting arm, degrees.

    (d) For the purpose of demonstrating compliance with paragraphs (b) 
and (c) of this section, at each angle of heel a vessel's righting arm 
is calculated after the vessel is permitted to trim free until the 
trimming moment is zero.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
944, Jan. 10, 1996]



  Subpart F--Determination of Lightweight Displacement and Centers of 
                                 Gravity



Sec. 170.174  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each vessel for which the lightweight 
displacement and centers of gravity must be determined in order to do 
the calculations required in this subchapter.



Sec. 170.175  Stability test: General.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section and 
in Sec. 170.200, the owner of a vessel must conduct a stability test of 
the vessel and calculate its vertical and longitudinal centers of 
gravity and its lightweight displacement.
    (b) An authorized Coast Guard representative must be present at each 
stability test conducted under this section.
    (c) The stability test may be dispensed with, or a deadweight survey 
may be substituted for the stability test, if the Coast Guard has a 
record of,

[[Page 91]]

or is provided with, the approved results of a stability test of a 
sister vessel.
    (d) The stability test of a vessel may be dispensed with if the 
Coast Guard determines that an accurate estimate of the vessel's 
lightweight characteristics can be made and that locating the precise 
position of the vessel's vertical center of gravity is not necessary to 
insure that the vessel has adequate stability in all probable loading 
conditions.



Sec. 170.180  Plans and information required at the stability test.

    The owner of a vessel must provide the following Coast Guard 
approved plans and information to the authorized Coast Guard 
representative at the time of the stability test:
    (a) Lines.
    (b) Curves of form.
    (c) Capacity plans showing capacities and vertical and longitudinal 
centers of gravity of stowage spaces and tanks.
    (d) Tank sounding tables.
    (e) Draft mark locations.
    (f) General arrangement plan of decks, holds, and inner bottoms.
    (g) Inboard and outboard profiles.
    (h) The stability test procedure described in Sec. 170.185(g).



Sec. 170.185  Stability test preparations.

    The following preparations must be made before conducting a 
stability test:
    (a) The vessel must be as complete as practicable at the time of the 
test.
    (b) Each tank must be empty and dry, except that a tank may be 
partially filled or full if the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center 
determines that empty and dry tanks are impracticable and that the 
effect of filling or partial filling on the location of the center of 
gravity and on the displacement can be accurately determined.
    (c) All dunnage, tools, and other items extraneous to the vessel 
must be removed.
    (d) The water depth at the mooring site must provide ample clearance 
against grounding.
    (e) Each mooring line must be arranged so that it dmes not interfere 
with the inclination of the unit during the test.
    (f) The draft and axis of rotation selected for testing a mobile 
offshore drilling unit must be those that result in acceptable accuracy 
in calculating the center of gravity and displacement of the unit.
    (g) The stability test procedure required by Sec. 170.085 must 
include the following:
    (1) Identification of the vessel to be tested.
    (2) Date and location of the test.
    (3) Inclining weight data.
    (4) Pendulum locations and lengths.
    (5) Approximate draft and trim of the vessel.
    (6) Condition of each tank.
    (7) Estimated items to be installed, removed, or relocated after the 
test, including the weight and location of each item.
    (8) Schedule of events.
    (9) Person or persons responsible for conducting the test.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 170.190  Stability test procedure modifications.

    The authorized Coast Guard representative present at a stability 
test may allow a deviation from the requirements of Secs. 170.180 and 
170.185 if the representative determines that the deviation would not 
decrease the accuracy of the test results.



Sec. 170.200  Estimated lightweight vertical center of gravity.

    (a) Each tank vessel that does not carry a material listed in either 
Table 1 of part 153 or Table 4 of part 154 of this chapter may comply 
with this section in lieu of Sec. 170.175 if it--
    (1) Is 150 gross tons or greater;
    (2) Is of ordinary proportions and form;
    (3) Has a flush weather deck, one or more longitudinal bulkheads, 
and no independent tanks; and
    (4) Is designed not to carry cargo above the freeboard deck.
    (b) When doing the calculations required by Secs. 170.170 and 
172.065, the vertical center of gravity of a tank vessel in the 
lightweight condition must be

[[Page 92]]

assumed to be equal to the following percentage of the molded depth of 
the vessel measured from the keel amidship:
    (1) For a tank ship--70%.
    (2) For a tank barge--60%.
    (c) As used in this section, molded depth has the same meaning that 
is provided for the term in Sec. 42.13-15(e) of this chapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 170.210  Lightweight verification.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, 
verification of a vessel's lightweight displacement and longitudinal 
center of gravity is required for all vessels, including vessels built 
prior to January 3, 1984, as follows:
    (1) The owner must conduct a deadweight survey at intervals not 
exceeding 5 years to determine the lightweight displacement and 
longitudinal center of gravity, unless otherwise authorized by the 
Commandant.
    (2) For each vessel, the date by which its initial periodic 
lightweight verification must be carried out will be determined by the 
OCMI by consideration of a number of factors. These factors include the 
history and condition of the vessel, the date of the vessel's last 
lightweight verification, the date of the vessel's next credit 
drydocking, and the expiration date of the vessel's Load Line 
Certificate.
    (3) An authorized Coast Guard representative must be present at each 
deadweight survey conducted under this section.
    (4) If the deviation from the lightweight displacement and 
longitudinal center of gravity does not exceed the values in paragraph 
(b) of this section, the owner must certify to the Commanding Officer, 
Marine Safety Center that the lightweight characteristics have not 
changed. The Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center may accept the 
certification or require the owner to provide supporting calculations 
for review and approval.
    (b) The owner must conduct a stability test in accordance with 
subpart F of this part, if--
    (1) The deviation of the lightweight displacement calculated from 
the last stability test exceeds 3 percent of the lightweight 
displacement;
    (2) The deviation of the longitudinal center of gravity calculated 
from the last stability test exceeds 1 percent of LBP (length between 
perpendiculars);
    (3) The deviation from the previously approved lightweight 
displacement, updated by documented alterations, exceeds 2 percent of 
the lightweight displacement; or
    (4) The deviation from the previously approved longitudinal center 
of gravity, updated by documented alterations, exceeds 1 percent of LBP.
    (c) If a stability test is required by paragraph (b) of this 
section, the stability booklet must be updated in accordance with 
Sec. 170.110 to reflect the current stability condition of the vessel.
    (d) The deadweight survey required in paragraph (a)(1) of this 
section must be repeated as part of the stability test required in 
paragraph (b) of this section, unless the entire stability test 
including the deadweight survey is completed at the same time.
    (e) Periodic lightweight verification is not required for the 
following:
    (1) Vessels to which the simplified stability test of Sec. 171.030 
of this chapter was applied;
    (2) Vessels with an estimated lightweight center of gravity 
determined in accordance with Sec. 170.200;
    (3) Vessels to which Sec. 170.175(d) applies;
    (4) Self-elevating mobile offshore drilling units;
    (5) Vessels regulated under subchapter D or subchapter I of this 
chapter whose lightweight displacement comprises less than 35 percent of 
their total fully loaded displacement; or
    (6) Vessels exempted by the Commandant.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41825, Sept. 11, 1992]

    Effective Date Note: At 57 FR 41825, Sept. 11, 1992, Sec. 170.210 
was added, effective December 10, 1992. At 57 FR 58406, Dec. 10, 1992, 
the effective date was delayed indefinitely.



                    Subpart G--Special Installations



Sec. 170.235  Fixed ballast.

    (a) Fixed ballast, if used, must be--

[[Page 93]]

    (1) Installed under the supervision of the OCMI; and
    (2) Stowed in a manner that prevents shifting of position.
    (b) Fixed ballast may not be removed from a vessel or relocated 
unless approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center. 
However, ballast may be temporarily moved for vessel examination or 
repair if done under the supervision of the OCMI.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 170.245  Foam flotation material.

    (a) Installation of foam must be approved by the OCMI.
    (b) If foam is used to comply with Sec. 171.070(d), Sec. 171.095(c), 
or Sec. 173.063(e) of this subchapter, the following applies:
    (1) Foam may be installed only in void spaces that are free of 
ignition sources.
    (2) The foam must comply with MIL-P-21929B including the 
requirements for fire resistance.
    (3) A submergence test must be conducted for a period of at least 7 
days to demonstrate whether the foam has adequate strength to withstand 
a hydrostatic head equivalent to that which would be imposed if the 
vessel were submerged to its margin line.
    (4) The effective buoyancy at the end of the submergence test must 
be used as the buoyancy credit; however, in no case will a credit 
greater than 55 lbs per cubic foot (881 kilograms per cubic meter) be 
allowed.
    (5) The structure enclosing the foam must be strong enough to 
accommodate the buoyancy of the foam.
    (6) Piping and cables must not pass through foamed spaces unless 
they are within piping and cable trunks accessible from both ends.
    (7) Sample specimens must be prepared during installation and the 
density of the installed foam must be determined.
    (8) Foam may be installed adjacent to fuel tanks if the boundary 
between the tank and space has double continuous fillet welds.
    (9) MIL-P-21929B is incorporated by reference into this part.
    (10) The results of all tests and calculations must be submitted to 
the OCMI.
    (11) Blocked foam must--
    (i) Be used in each area that may be exposed to water; and
    (ii) Have a protective cover approved by the OCMI.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51 FR 
923, Jan. 9, 1986]



                  Subpart H--Watertight Bulkhead Doors



Sec. 170.248  Applicability.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) or paragraph (c) of this 
section, this subpart applies to vessels with watertight doors in 
bulkheads that have been made watertight to comply with the flooding or 
damage stability regulations in this subchapter
    (b) A watertight door on a MODU must comply with Sec. 174.100 of 
this subchapter.
    (c) A watertight door on a self-propelled hopper dredge with a 
working freeboard must comply with Sec. 174.335 of this subchapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 76-080, 54 FR 
36977, Sept. 6, 1989]



Sec. 170.250  Types and classes.

    (a) Watertight doors, except doors between cargo spaces, are classed 
as follows:
    (1) Class 1--Hinged door.
    (2) Class 2--Sliding door, operated by hand gear only.
    (3) Class 3--Sliding door, operated by power and by hand gear.
    (b) The following types of watertight doors are not permitted:
    (1) A plate door secured only by bolts; and
    (2) A door required to be closed by dropping or by the action of 
dropping weights.
    (c) Whenever a door of a particular class is prescribed by these 
regulations, a door of a class bearing a higher number may be used.

[[Page 94]]



Sec. 170.255  Class 1 doors; permissible locations.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
Class 1 doors within passenger, crew, and working spaces are permitted 
only above a deck, the molded line of which, at its lowest point at 
side, is at least 7 feet (2.14 meters) above the deepest load line.
    (b) Class 1 doors are permitted within passenger, crew, and working 
spaces, wherever located, if--
    (1) In the judgment of the OCMI, the door is in a location where it 
will be closed at all times except when actually in use; and
    (2) The vessel is less than 150 gross tons and will not proceed more 
than 20 nautical miles (37 kilometers) from shore; or
    (3) The vessel is in rivers or lakes, bays, and sounds service.
    (c) Class 1 doors are permitted in any location on a vessel that--
    (1) Is less than 100 gross tons; and
    (2) Will operate only in the offshore oil industry trade.
    (d) Quick-acting Class 1 doors are permitted in any location on a 
vessel that operates on the Great Lakes and is required to meet the 
damage stability standards of subpart H of part 172 of this chapter.
    (e) For vessels required to meet the damage stability standards of 
subpart H of this chapter, when Class 1 doors are installed below a deck 
the molded line of which at its lowest point at side is less than 7 feet 
(2.14 meters) above the deepest load line, an indicator light for each 
door which warns when the door is open must be installed on the bridge.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 80-159, 51 FR 
33059, Sept. 18, 1986]



Sec. 170.260  Class 2 doors; permissible locations.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, a 
Class 2 door is permitted only if--
    (1) Its sill is above the deepest load line; and
    (2) It is not a door described in Sec. 170.265(d).
    (b) If passenger spaces are located below the bulkhead deck, Class 2 
doors with sills below the deepest load line may be used if--
    (1) The number of watertight doors located below the deepest load 
line that are used intermittently during operation of the vessel does 
not exceed two, and;
    (2) The doors provide access to or are within spaces containing 
machinery.
    (c) If no passenger spaces are located below the bulkhead deck, 
Class 2 doors may be used if the number of watertight doors located 
below the deepest load line that are used intermittently during 
operation of the vessel does not exceed five.
    (d) In determining whether Class 2 doors are allowed under paragraph 
(c) of this section, the watertight doors at the entrance to shaft 
tunnels need not be counted. If Class 2 doors are allowed under 
paragraph (c) of this section, the doors at the entrance to shaft 
tunnels may also be Class 2.



Sec. 170.265  Class 3 doors; required locations.

    The following doors must always be Class 3:
    (a) Doors in all locations not addressed in Secs. 170.255 and 
170.260.
    (b) Doors between coal bunkers below the bulkhead deck that must be 
opened at sea.
    (c) Doors into trunkways that pass through more than one main 
transverse watertight bulkhead if the door sills are less than 2.14 
meters above the deepest load line.
    (d) Doors below a deck, the molded line of which, at its lowest 
point at side, is less than 2.14 meters (7 feet) above the deepest load 
line if--
    (1) The vessel is engaged on a short international voyage as defined 
in Sec. 171.010 of this subchapter; and
    (2) The vessel is required by Sec. 171.065 of this subchapter to 
have a factor of subdivision of 0.5 or less.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
944, Jan. 10, 1996; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 170.270  Door design, operation, installation, and testing.

    (a) Each Class 1 door must have a quick action closing device 
operative from both sides of the door.

[[Page 95]]

    (b) Each Class 1 door on a vessel in ocean service must be designed 
to withstand a head of water equivalent to the depth from the sill of 
the door to the margin line but in no case less than 10 feet (3.05 
meters).
    (c) Each Class 2 and Class 3 door must--
    (1) Be designed, constructed, tested, and marked in accordance with 
ASTM F-1196;
    (2) Have controls in accordance with ASTM F-1197; and
    (3) If installed in a subdivision bulkhead, meet Supplemental 
Requirements Nos. S1 and S3 of ASTM F-1196, unless the watertight doors 
are built in accordance with plans previously approved by the Coast 
Guard, in which case, only Supplemental Requirements Nos. S1 and S3.1.4 
of ASTM F-1196 must be met. In either case, control systems for 
watertight doors must have power supplies, power sources, installation 
tests and inspection, and additional remote operating consoles in 
accordance with Supplemental Requirements Nos. S1 through S4 of ASTM F-
1197.
    (d) Installations of sliding watertight door assemblies must be in 
accordance with the following:
    (1) Before a sliding watertight door assembly is installed in a 
vessel, the bulkhead in the vicinity of the door opening must be 
stiffened. Such bulkhead stiffeners, or deck reinforcement where flush 
deck door openings are desired, must not be less than 6 inches nor more 
than 12 inches from the door frame so that an unstiffened diaphragm of 
bulkhead plating 6 to 12 inches wide is provided completely around the 
door frame. Where such limits cannot be maintained, alternative 
installations will be considered by the Marine Safety Center. In 
determining the scantlings of these bulkhead stiffeners, the door frame 
should not be considered as contributing to the strength of the 
bulkhead. Provision must also be made to adequately support the thrust 
bearings and other equipment that may be mounted on the bulkhead or 
deck.
    (2) Sliding watertight door frames must be either bolted or welded 
watertight to the bulkhead.
    (i) If bolted, a suitable thin heat and fire resistant gasket or 
suitable compound must be used between the bulkhead and the frame for 
watertightness. The bulkhead plating must be worked to a plane surface 
in way of the frame when mounting.
    (ii) If welded, caution must be exercised in the welding process so 
that the door frame is not distorted.
    (e) For each watertight door which is in a required subdivision 
bulkhead, an indicator light must be installed in the pilothouse and at 
each other vessel operating station from which the door is not visible. 
The indicator must show whether the door is open or closed.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-032, 56 FR 
35828, July 29, 1991; CGD 85-080, 61 FR 944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 170.275  Special requirements for cargo space watertight doors.

    (a) A door between cargo spaces--
    (1) Must not be designed for remote operation;
    (2) Must be located as high as practicable; and
    (3) Must be located as far inboard of the side shell as practicable 
but in no case closer to the side shell than one-fifth of the beam of 
the vessel where the beam is measured at right angles to the centerline 
of the vessel at the level of the deepest load line.
    (b) If the door is accessible while the ship is in operation, it 
must have installed a lock or other device that prevents unauthorized 
opening.
    (c) Before installing a watertight door in a cargo space, approval 
must be obtained from the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



                         Subpart I--Free Surface



Sec. 170.285  Free surface correction for intact stability calculations.

    (a) When doing the intact stability calculations required by this 
subchapter, the virtual increase in the vessel's vertical center of 
gravity due to liquids in tanks must be determined by calculating--
    (1) For each type of consumable liquid, the maximum free surface 
effect of at least one transverse pair of wing tanks or a single 
centerline tank; and

[[Page 96]]

    (2) The maximum free surface effect of each partially filled tank 
containing non-consumable liquids.
    (b) For the purpose of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the tank or 
combination of tanks selected must be those having the greatest free 
surface effect.



Sec. 170.290  Free surface correction for damage stability calculations.

    (a) When doing the damage stability calculations required by this 
subchapter, the virtual increase in the vessel's vertical center of 
gravity due to liquids in tanks must be determined by calculating--
    (1) For each type of consumable liquid, the free surface effect of 
at least one transverse pair of wing tanks or a single centerline tank; 
and
    (2) The free surface effect of each partially filled tank containing 
other than consumable liquids.
    (b) For the purpose of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the tank or 
combination of tanks selected must be those having the greatest free 
surface effect.
    (c) When doing the calculations in paragraph (a) of this section, 
the free surface effect of a liquid in a tank must be determined by--
    (1) Assuming the vessel is heeled five degrees from the vertical; or
    (2) Calculating the shift of the center of gravity of the liquid in 
the tank by the moment of transference method.



Sec. 170.295  Special consideration for free surface of passive roll stabilization tanks.

    (a) The virtual increase in the vertical center of gravity due to a 
liquid in a roll stabilization tank may be calculated in accordance with 
paragraph (b) of this section if--
    (1) The virtual increase in the vertical center of gravity of the 
vessel is calculated in accordance with Sec. 170.285(a); and
    (2) The slack surface in the roll stabilization tank is reduced 
during vessel motions because of the shape of the tank or the amount of 
liquid in the tank.
    (b) The virtual rise in the vertical center of gravity calculated in 
accordance with Sec. 170.285(a) for a stabilization tank may be reduced 
in accordance with the following equation:

                          E.F.S. = (K)(F.F.S.)

where--

E.F.S. = the effective free surface.
F.F.S. = the full free surface calculated in accordance with 
          Sec. 170.285(a).
K = the reduction factor calculated in accordance with paragraph (c) of 
          this section.

    (c) The factor (K) must be calculated as follows:
    (1) Plot (I/d)tan T on Graph 170.295 where--
    (i) (I) is the moment of inertia of the free surface in the roll 
tank;
    (ii) (d) is the density of the liquid in the roll tank; and
    (iii) (T) is the angle of heel.
    (2) Plot the moments of transference of the liquid in the roll tank 
on Graph 170.295.
    (3) Construct a line A on Graph 170.295 so that the area under line 
A between T = 0 and the angle at which the deck edge is immersed or 28 
degrees, whichever is smaller, is equal to the area under the curve of 
actual moments of transference between the same angles.
    (4) The factor (K) is calculated by determining the ratio of the 
ordinate of line A to the ordinate of the curve of (I/d)tan T, both 
measured at the angle at which the deck edge is immersed or 28 degrees, 
whichever is smaller.

[[Page 97]]

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[[Page 98]]



Sec. 170.300  Special consideration for free surface of spoil in hopper dredge hoppers.

    The calculations required by this subchapter for each self-propelled 
hopper dredge must include--
    (a) The free surface effect of consumable liquids and the free 
surface effect of the dredged spoil in the hoppers; and
    (b) Either of the following assumptions when performing the 
calculations required by Sec. 174.310(b) of this chapter:
    (1) If the dredged spoil is assumed to be jettisoned, the free 
surface of the dredged spoil may be disregarded.
    (2) If the dredged spoil is not assumed to be jettisoned. the free 
surface of the dredged spoil must be calculated.

[CGD 76-080, 54 FR 36977, Sept. 6, 1989]



PART 171--SPECIAL RULES PERTAINING TO VESSELS CARRYING PASSENGERS--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
171.001  Applicability.
171.010  Definitions.
171.015  Location of margin line.
171.017  One and two compartment standards of flooding.

                          Subpart B--[Reserved]

                        Subpart C--Large Vessels

171.045  Specific applicability.
171.050  Intact stability requirements for a mechanically propelled or a 
          nonself-propelled vessel.
171.055  Intact stability requirements for a monohull sailing vessel or 
          a monohull auxiliary sailing vessel.
171.057  Intact stability requirements for a sailing catamaran.
171.060  Watertight subdivision: general.
171.065  Subdivision requirements--Type I.
171.066  Calculation of permeability for Type I subdivision.
171.067  Treatment of stepped and recessed bulkheads in Type I 
          subdivision.
171.068  Special considerations for Type I subdivision for vessels on 
          short international voyages.
171.070  Subdivision requirements--Type II.
171.072  Calculation of permeability for Type II subdivision.
171.073  Treatment of stepped and recessed bulkheads in Type II 
          subdivision.
171.075  Subdivision requirements--Type III.
171.080  Damage stability standards for vessels with Type I or Type II 
          subdivision.
171.082  Damage stability standards for vessels with Type III 
          subdivision.

             Subpart D--Additional Subdivision Requirements

171.085  Collision bulkhead.
171.090  Aft peak bulkhead.
171.095  Machinery space bulkhead.
171.100  Shaft tunnels and stern tubes.
171.105  Double bottoms.
171.106  Wells in double bottoms.
171.108  Manholes in double bottoms.
171.109  Watertight floors in double bottoms.

      Subpart E--Penetrations and Openings in Watertight Bulkheads

171.110  Specific applicability.
171.111  Penetrations and openings in watertight bulkheads in vessels of 
          100 gross tons or more.
171.112  Watertight door openings.
171.113  Trunks.

   Subpart F--Openings in the Side of a Vessel Below the Bulkhead or 
                              Weather Deck

171.115  Specific applicability.
171.116  Port lights.
171.117  Dead covers.
171.118  Automatic ventilators and side ports.

          Subpart G--Watertight Integrity Above the Margin Line

171.120  Specific applicability.
171.122  Watertight integrity above the margin line in a vessel of 100 
          gross tons or more.

                  Subpart H--Drainage of Weather Decks

171.130  Specific applicability.
171.135  Weather deck drainage on a vessel of 100 gross tons or more.

    Authority. 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 
1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, unless otherwise 
noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 171.001  Applicability.

    (a) This part applies to passenger vessels inspected under 
subchapter K or H of this chapter.
    (b) Specific sections of this part also apply to nautical school 
ships, sailing

[[Page 99]]

school vessels and oceanographic vessels. The applicable sections are 
listed in subparts C and D of part 173 of this chapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51 FR 
923, Jan. 9, 1986; CGD 95-012, 60 FR 48052, Sept. 18, 1995; 60 FR 50120, 
Sept. 28, 1995; CGD 85-080, 61 FR 944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.010  Definitions.

    (a) Cockpit means an exposed recess in the weather deck extending no 
more than one-half of the vessel's length over deck (LOD) measured over 
the weather deck.
    (b) Deepest subdivision load line means the waterline that 
corresponds to the deepest draft permitted by the applicable subdivision 
requirements in this part.
    (c) Equivalent plane bulkhead means a bulkhead that is--
    (1) Used in lieu of a recessed or stepped bulkhead when doing the 
subdivision calculations required in this part; and
    (2) Located as shown in Figure 171.010(a).
    (d) Ferry means a vessel that--
    (1) Operates in other than ocean or coastwise service;
    (2) Has provisions only for deck passengers or vehicles, or both;
    (3) Operates on a short run on a frequent schedule between two 
points over the most direct water route;
    (4) Offers a public service of a type normally attributed to a 
bridge or tunnel.
    (e) Freeing port means any direct opening through the vessel's 
bulwark or hull to quickly drain overboard water which has been shipped 
on exposed decks.
    (f) Floodable length means the length of a shell to shell segment of 
the vessel that, when flooded, will sink and trim the vessel until the 
margin line is tangent to the waterline.
    (g) Flush deck means a continuous weather deck located at the 
uppermost sheer line of the hull.
    (h) International voyage has the same meaning provided for the term 
in Sec. 70.05-10 of this chapter.
    (i) Machinery space means, unless otherwise prescribed by the 
Commandant for unusual arrangements, the space extending from the molded 
base line to the margin line and between the main transverse watertight 
bulkheads bounding the following spaces:
    (1) Each space containing main and auxiliary propelling machinery.
    (2) Each space containing propulsion boilers.
    (3) Each space containing permanent coal bunkers.
    (j) Open boat means a vessel not protected from entry of water by 
means of a complete deck, or by a combination of a partial weather deck 
and superstructure which is seaworthy for the waters upon which the 
vessel operates.
    (k) Passenger space means a space which is provided for the 
accommodation and use of passengers, other than a baggage, store, 
provision or mail room.
    (l) Recessed bulkhead means a bulkhead that is recessed as shown by 
bulkhead B in Figure 171.010(b).
    (m) Small passenger vessel means a vessel of less than 100 gross 
tons--
    (1) Carrying more than 6 passengers, including at least one 
passenger for hire;
    (2) That is chartered with the crew provided or specified by the 
owner or owner's representative and carrying more than 6 passengers;
    (3) That is chartered with no crew provided or specified by the 
owner or owner's representative and carrying more than 12 passengers; or
    (4) That is a submersible vessel carrying at least one passenger for 
hire.
    (n) Short international voyage means an international voyage where--
    (1) A vessel is not more than 200 nautical miles (370 kilometers) 
from a port or place in which the passengers and crew could be placed in 
safety; and
    (2) The total distance between the last port of call in the country 
in which the voyage began and the final port of destination does not 
exceed 600 nautical miles (1111 kilometers).
    (o) Scupper means a pipe or tube of at least 30 millimeters (1.25 
inches) in diameter leading down from a deck or sole and through the 
hull to drain water overboard.
    (p) Stepped bulkhead means a bulkhead that is stepped as shown by 
bulkhead A in Figure 171.010(b).

[[Page 100]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.004



[[Page 101]]

    (q) Well deck means a weather deck fitted with solid bulwarks that 
impede the drainage of water over the sides or an exposed recess in the 
weather deck extending one-half or more of the length of the vessel 
(LOD) measured over the weather deck.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.015  Location of margin line.

    (a) A vessel with a continuous bulkhead deck and sufficient sheer. 
If the average value of the sheer at the forward perpendicular (FP) and 
the after perpendicular (AP) is at least 12 inches (30.5 cm), the margin 
line must be located no less than 3 inches (7.6 cm) below the upper 
surface of the bulkhead deck at side as illustrated in Figure 
171.015(a).

                              Table 171.015                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  Required position of  
 Average value of sheer at FP and AP in inches  margin line below top of
                     (cm)                       deck amidships in inches
                                                          (cm)          
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 (30.5).....................................            3 (7.6)       
6 (15.2)......................................           6 (15.2)       
0.............................................           9 (22.8)       
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.005
                                                
    (b) A vessel with a continuous bulkhead deck and insufficient sheer. 
If the average value of the sheer at the forward perpendicular (FP) and 
the after perpendicular (AP) is less than 12 inches (30.5 cm), the 
margin line must be a parabolic curve with the following 
characteristics:
    (1) The parabolic curve must be at least 3 inches (7.6 cm) below the 
upper surface of the bulkhead deck at the FP and AP.
    (2) The parabolic curve must be at least the distance given in Table 
171.015 below the surface of the bulkhead deck amidships.
    (3) Intermediate values not shown in Table 171.015 must be 
interpolated.
    (4) Figure 171.015(b) illustrates a margin line drawn in this 
manner.

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[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.007


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[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.008





Sec. 171.017  One and two compartment standards of flooding.

    (a) One compartment standard of flooding. A vessel is designed to a 
one compartment standard of flooding if the margin line is not submerged 
when the total buoyancy between each set of two adjacent main transverse 
watertight bulkheads is lost.
    (b) Two compartment standard of flooding. A vessel is designed to a 
two compartment standard of flooding if the margin line is not submerged 
when the total buoyancy between each set of three adjacent main 
transverse watertight bulkheads is lost.



                          Subpart B--[Reserved]



                        Subpart C--Large Vessels



Sec. 171.045  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each vessel that fits into any one of the 
following categories:
    (a) Greater than 100 gross tons.
    (b) Greater than 65 feet (19.8 meters) in length.
    (c) Carries more than 12 passengers on an international voyage.
    (d) Carries more than 150 passengers.
    (e) The stability of which is questioned by the OCMI.



Sec. 171.050  Intact stability requirements for a mechanically propelled or nonself-propelled vessel.

    Each vessel must be shown by design calculations to have a 
metacentric height (GM) in feet (meters) in each condition of loading 
and operation, that is not less than the value given by the following 
equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.009

where--

N=number of passengers.
W=displacement of the vessel in long (metric) tons.
T=14 degrees or the angle of heel at which the deck edge is first 
          submerged, whichever is less.
b=distance in feet (meters) from the centerline of the vessel to the 
          geometric center of the passenger deck on one side of the 
          centerline.
K=24 passengers/long ton (23.6 passengers/metric ton).



Sec. 171.055  Intact stability requirements for a monohull sailing vessel or a monohull auxiliary sailing vessel.

    (a) Except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, each 
monohull sailing vessel and auxiliary sailing vessel must be shown by 
design calculations to meet the stability requirements in this section.

[[Page 104]]

    (b) Additional or different stability requirements may be needed for 
a vessel of unusual form, proportion, or rig. The additional 
requirements, if needed, will be prescribed by the Commandant.
    (c) Each vessel must have positive righting arms in each condition 
of loading and operation from--
    (1) 0 to at least 70 degrees of heel for service on protected or 
partially protected waters; and
    (2) 0 to at least 90 degrees of heel for service on exposed waters.
    (d) Each vessel must be designed to satisfy the following equations:
    (1) For a vessel in service on protected or partially protected 
waters--
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.010

where--
X=1.0 long tons/sq. ft. (10.9 metric tons/sq. meter).
Y=1.1 long tons/sq. ft. (12.0 metric tons/sq. meter).
Z=1.25 long tons/sq. ft. (13.7 metric tons/sq. meter).

    (2) For a vessel on exposed waters--
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.011
    
where--

HZA, HZB, and HZC are calculated in the manner specified in paragraph 
          (e) or (f) of this section.
X=1.5 long tons/sq. ft. (16.4 metric tons/sq. meter).
Y=1.7 long tons/sq. ft. (18.6 metric tons/sq. meter).
Z=1.9 long tons/sq. ft. (20.8 metric tons/sq. meter).
A=the projected lateral area or silhouette in square feet (meters) of 
          the portion of the vessel above the waterline computed with 
          all sail set and trimmed flat. Sail overlap areas need not be 
          included except parachute type spinnakers which are to be 
          added regardless of overlap.
H=the vertical distance in feet (meters) from the center of A to the 
          center of the underwater lateral area or approximately to the 
          one-half draft point.
W=the displacement of the vessel in long (metric) tons.

    (e) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, HZA, HZB, 
and HZC must be determined as follows for each condition of loading and 
operation:
    (1) Plot the righting arm curve on Graphs 171.055 (b), (c), and (d) 
or (e).
    (2) If the angle at which the maximum righting arm occurs is less 
than 35 degrees, the righting arm curve must be truncated as shown on 
Graph 171.055(a).
    (3) Plot an assumed heeling arm curve on Graph 171.055(b) that 
satisfies the following conditions:
    (i) The assumed heeling arm curve must be defined by the equation--

                          HZ=HZA cos2 (T)

where--

HZ=heeling arm.
HZA=heeling arm at 0 degrees of heel.
T=angle of heel.

    (ii) The first intercept shown on Graph 171.055(b) must occur at the 
angle of heel corresponding to the angle at which deck edge immersion 
first occurs.
    (4) Plot an assumed heeling arm curve on Graph 171.055(c) that 
satisfies the following conditions:
    (i) The assumed heeling arm curve must be defined by the equation--

                          HZ=HZB cos2 (T)

where--

HZ=heeling arm.
HZB=heeling arm at 0 degrees of heel.
T=angle of heel.


[[Page 105]]


    (ii) The area under the assumed heeling arm curve between 0 degrees 
and the downflooding angle or 60 degrees, whichever is less, must be 
equal to the area under the righting arm curve between the same limiting 
angles.
    (5) Plot an assumed heeling arm curve on Graph 171.055 (d) or (e) 
that satisfies the following conditions:
    (i) The assumed heeling arm curve must be defined by--

                          HZ=HZC cos2 (T)

where--

HZ=heeling arm.
HZC=heeling arm at 0 degrees of heel.
T=angle of heel.

    (ii) The area under the assumed heeling arm curve between the angles 
of 0 and 90 degrees must be equal to the area under the righting arm 
curve between 0 degrees and--
    (A) 90 degrees if the righting arms are positive to an angle less 
than or equal to 90 degrees; or
    (B) The largest angle corresponding to a positive righting arm but 
no more than 120 degrees if the righting arms are positive to an angle 
greater than 90 degrees.
    (6) The values of HZA, HZB, and HZC are read directly from Graphs 
171.055 (b), (c), and (d) or (e).
    (f) For the purpose of this section, the downflooding angle means 
the static angle from the intersection of the vessel's centerline and 
waterline in calm water to the first opening that cannot be rapidly 
closed watertight.
    (g) HZB and, if the righting arms are positive to an angle of 90 
degrees or greater, HZC may be computed from the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.012

where--
I=the area under the righting arm curve to--
(1) the downflooding angle or 60 degrees, whichever is less, when 
          computing HZB; or
(2) the largest angle corresponding to a positive righting arm or 90 
          degrees, whichever is greater, but no greater than 120 degrees 
          when computing HZC.
T=the downflooding angle or 60 degrees, whichever is less, when 
          computing HZB or 90 degrees when computing HZC.

[[Page 106]]

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[[Page 107]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.014



[[Page 108]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.015



[[Page 109]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.016



[[Page 110]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.017


  
  
[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51, FR 
924, Jan. 9, 1986]

[[Page 111]]



Sec. 171.057  Intact stability requirements for a sailing catamaran.

    (a) A sailing vessel that operates on protected waters must be 
designed to satisfy the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10JA96.007

Where--

B=the distance between hull centerlines in meters (feet).
As=the maximum sail area in square meters (square feet).
Hc=the height of the center of effort of the sail area above the deck, 
          in meters (feet).
W=the total displacement of the vessel, in kilograms (pounds).
X=4.88 kilograms/square meter (1.0 pounds/square foot).

    (b) A sailing vessel that operates on partially protected or exposed 
waters must be designed to satisfy the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10JA96.008

Where--

B=the distance between hull centerlines in meters (feet).
As=the maximum sail area in square meters (square feet).
Hc=the height of the center of effort of the sail area above the deck, 
          in meters (feet).
W=the total displacement of the vessel, in kilograms (pounds).
X=7.32 kilograms/square meter (1.5 pounds/square foot).

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-005, 51 FR 
924, Jan. 9, 1986; CGD 85-080, 61 FR 944, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.060  Watertight subdivision: General.
    (a) Each of the following vessels must be shown by design 
calculations to comply with the requirements in Secs. 171.065 through 
171.068 for Type I subdivision or Sec. 171.075 for Type III subdivision:
    (1) Each vessel 100 gross tons or more on an international voyage: 
and
    (2) Each vessel 150 gross tons or more in ocean service.
    (b) Each vessel not described in paragraph (a) of this section must 
be shown by design calculations to comply with the requirements in 
Secs. 171.070 to 171.073 for Type II subdivision.
    (c) Except as allowed in Sec. 171.070(c), each vessel must have a 
collision bulkhead.
    (d) Each double-ended ferry that is required by paragraph (c) of 
this section to have a collision bulkhead must also have a second 
collision bulkhead. One collision bulkhead must be located in each end 
of the vessel.



Sec. 171.065  Subdivision requirements--     Type I.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (f) of this section, 
the separation between main transverse watertight bulkheads on a vessel, 
other than one described in paragraph (b) of this section, must not 
exceed--

(floodable length) X (factor of subdivision)

where--
    the factor of subdivision is listed under FS in Table 171.065(a).

    (b) The factor of subdivision used to determine compliance with 
paragraph (a) of this section must be the smaller of 0.5 or the value 
determined from Table 171.065(a) if--
    (1) The vessel is 430 feet (131 meters) or more in LBP; and
    (2) The greater of the values of Y as determined by the following 
equations equals or exceeds the value of X in Table 171.065(b):
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.018

or
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.019

where--

M, V, and P have the same value as listed in Table 171.065(a); and
P1=the smaller of the following:

(i) 0.6LN (0.056LN) where--
N=the total number of passengers; and
L=LBP in feet (meters).

(ii) The greater of the following:

(A) 0.4LN (0.037LN).
(B) The sum of P and the total volume of passenger spaces above the 
          margin line.

    (c) The distance A in Figure 171.065 between main transverse 
watertight bulkheads may exceed the maximum allowed by paragraphs (a) or 
(b) of this section if each of the distances B and C

[[Page 112]]

between adjacent main transverse watertight bulkheads in Figure 171.065 
does not exceed the smaller of the following:
    (1) The floodable length.
    (2) Twice the separation allowed by paragraphs (a) or (b) of this 
section.
    (d) In each vessel 330 feet (100 meters) or more in LBP, one of the 
main transverse watertight bulkheads aft of the collision bulkhead must 
be located at a distance from the forward perpendicular that is not 
greater than the maximum separation allowed by paragraph (a) or (b) of 
this section.
    (e) The minimum separation between two adjacent main transverse 
watertight bulkheads must be at least 10 feet (3.05 meters) plus 3 
percent of the LBP of the vessel, or 35 feet (10.7 meters), whichever is 
less.
    (f) The maximum separation of bulkheads allowed by paragraphs (a) or 
(b) of this section may be increased by the amount allowed in paragraph 
(g) of this section if--
    (1) The space between two adjacent main transverse watertight 
bulkheads contains internal watertight volume; and
    (2) After the assumed side damage specified in paragraph (h) of this 
section is applied, the internal watertight volume will not be flooded.
    (g) For the purpose of paragraph (f) of this section, the allowable 
increase in separation is as follows:

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.020

where--
``total volume of allowed local subdivision'' is determined by 
          calculating the unflooded volume on each side of the 
          centerline and multiplying the smaller volume by two.

    (h) The assumed extents of side damage are as follows:
    (1) The longitudinal extent of damage must be assumed to extend over 
a length equal to the minimum spacing of bulkheads specified in 
paragraph (e) of this section.
    (2) The transverse extent of damage must be assumed to penetrate a 
distance from the shell plating equal to one-fifth the maximum beam of 
the vessel and at right angles to the centerline at the level of the 
deepest subdivision load line.
    (3) The vertical extent of damage must be assumed to extend 
vertically from the baseline to the margin line.
    (i) The maximum separation between the following bulkheads must not 
exceed the maximum separation between main transverse watertight 
bulkheads:
    (1) The collision bulkhead and the first main transverse watertight 
bulkhead aft of the collision bulkhead; and
    (2) The last main transverse watertight bulkhead and the aftermost 
point on the bulkhead deck.
    (j) The minimum separation between the following bulkheads must not 
be less than the minimum separation between main transverse watertight 
bulkheads:
    (1) The collision bulkhead and the first main transverse watertight 
bulkhead aft of the collision bulkhead; and
    (2) The last main transverse watertight bulkhead and the aftermost 
point on the bulkhead deck.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.021


                    Table 171.065(a)  (English units)                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Vessel length (LBP)          Criterion numeral (CN)       FS    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     CN less than or equal   A          
                                      to 23.                            

[[Page 113]]

                                                                        
Vessel length greater than 392 feet  CN greater than 23 and  F1         
                                      less than 123.                    
                                     CN greater than or      B          
                                      equal to 123.                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     CN less than or equal   1          
                                      to S.                             
Vessel length greater than or equal  CN greater than S and   F2         
 to 200 feet and less than or equal   less than 123.                    
            to 392 feet.                                                
                                     CN greater than or      B          
                                      equal to 123.                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vessel length less than 200 feet...  ......................  1          
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where--                                                                 
                                                                        
FS=the factor of subdivision.                                           
CN=60((M+2P)/V)+30000(N/L2)                                             
A=(190/(L-160))+0.18                                                    
B=(94/(L-85))+0.18                                                      
F1=A-((A-B)(CN-23)/100)                                                 
S=(10904-25L)/48                                                        
F2=1-((1-B)(CN-S)/(123-S))                                              
L=the length of the vessel (LBP) in feet.                               
M=the sum of the volume of the machinery space and the volumes of any   
  fuel tanks which are located above the inner bottom forward or aft of 
  the machinery space in cubic feet.                                    
P=the volume of passenger spaces below the margin line.                 
V=the volume of the vessel below the margin line.                       
N=the number of passengers that the vessel is to be certificated to     
  carry.                                                                


                    Table 171.065(a)  (Metric Units)                    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Vessel length (LBP)          Criterion numeral (CN)       FS    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     CN lesthan or equal to  A          
                                      23.                               
   Vessel length greater than 120    CN greater than 23 and  F1         
               meters.                less than 123.                    
                                     CN greater than or      B          
                                      equal to 123.                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     CN less than or equal   1          
                                      to S.                             
Vessel length greater than or equal  CN greater than S and   F2         
    to 61 meters and less than or     less than 123.                    
        equal to 120 meters.                                            
                                     CN greater than or      B          
                                      equal to 123.                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vessel length less than 61 meters..  ......................  1          
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where--                                                                 
                                                                        
FS=the factor of subdivision.                                           
CN=60((M+2P)/V)+2787(N/L\2\)                                            
A=(58/(L-49))+0.18                                                      
B=(29/(L-26))+0.18                                                      
F1=A-((A-B)(CN-23)/100)                                                 
S=(3323.5-25L)/14.6                                                     
F2=1-((1-B)(CN-S)/(123-S))                                              
L=the length of the vessel (LBP) in meters.                             
M=the sum of the volume of the machinery space and the volumes of any   
  fuel tanks which are located above the inner bottom forward or aft of 
  the machinery space in cubic meters.                                  
P=the volume of passenger spaces below the margin line.                 
V=the volume of the vessel below the margin line.                       
N=the number of passengers that the vessel is to be certificated to     
  carry.                                                                


                      Table 171.065(b)--Table of X                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Vessel LBP in feet (meters)                     X\1\  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
430 (131)......................................................    1.336
440 (134)......................................................    1.285
450 (137)......................................................    1.230
460 (140)......................................................    1.174
470 (143)......................................................    1.117
480 (146)......................................................    1.060
490 (149)......................................................    1.002
500 (152)......................................................    0.944
510 (155)......................................................    0.885
520 (158)......................................................    0.826
530 (162)......................................................    0.766
540 (165)......................................................    0.706
550 (168)......................................................    0.645
554 (169) and up...............................................    0.625
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Interpolate for intermediate values.                                  



Sec. 171.066  Calculation of permeability for Type I subdivision.

    (a) Except as prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, the 
following permeabilities must be used when doing the calculations 
required to demonstrate compliance with Sec. 171.065(a), (b), and (c):
    (1) When doing calculations required to demonstrate compliance with 
Sec. 171.065(a) and (b), the uniform average permeability given by the 
formulas in Table 171.066 must be used.
    (2) When doing calculations required to demonstrate that 
compartments on opposite sides of a main transverse watertight bulkhead 
that bounds the machinery space comply with Sec. 171.065(c), the mean of 
the uniform average permeabilities determined from Table 171.066 for the 
two compartments must be used.
    (b) If an average permeability can be calculated that is less than 
that given by the formulas in Table 171.066, the lesser value may be 
substituted if approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center. 
When determining this lesser value, the following permeabilities must be 
used:
    (1) 95% for passenger, crew, and all other spaces that, in the full 
load condition, normally contain no cargo, stores, provisions, or mail.
    (2) 60% for cargo, stores, provisions, or mail spaces.
    (3) 85% for spaces containing machinery.
    (4) Values approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center 
for double bottoms, oil fuel, and other tanks.

[[Page 114]]

    (c) In the case of unusual arrangements, the Commanding Officer, 
Marine Safety Center may require a detailed calculation of average 
permeability for the portions of the vessel forward or aft of the 
machinery spaces. When doing these calculations, the permeabilities 
specified in paragraph (b) of this section must be used.
    (d) When calculating permeability, the total volume of the `tween 
deck spaces between two adjacent main transverse watertight bulkheads 
that contains any passenger or crew space must be regarded as passenger 
space volume, except that the volume of any space that is completely 
enclosed in steel buldheads and is not a crew or passenger space may be 
excluded.

         Table 171.066--Table of Uniform Average Permeabilities         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Location                   Uniform average permeability
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                10 (a-c)                
Machinery space...........................  85+----------               
                                                    v                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                35(a)                   
Volume forward of machinery space.........  63+------                   
                                                    v                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                35(a)                   
Volume aft of machinery space.............  63+------                   
                                                    v                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For each location specified in this table--                             
a=volume below the margin line of all spaces that, in the full load     
  condition, normally contain no cargo, baggage, stores, provisions, or 
  mail.                                                                 
c=volume below the margin line of the cargo, stores, provisions, or mail
  spaces within the limits of the machinery space.                      
v=total volume below the margin line.                                   

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 171.067  Treatment of stepped and recessed bulkheads in Type I subdivision.

    (a) For the purpose of this section--
    (1) The main transverse watertight bulkhead immediately forward of a 
stepped bulkhead is referred to as bulkhead 1; and
    (2) The main transverse watertight bulkhead immediately aft of the 
stepped bulkhead is referred to as bulkhead 3.
    (b) If a main transverse watertight bulkhead is stepped, it and 
bulkheads 1 and 3 must meet one of the following conditions:
    (1) The separation between bulkheads 1 and 3 must not exceed the 
following:
    (i) If the factor of subdivision (FS) determined from Sec. 171.065 
(a) or (b) is greater than 0.9, the distance between bulkheads 1 and 3 
must not exceed the maximum separation calculated to demonstrate 
compliance with Sec. 171.065.
    (ii) If the factor of subdivision is 0.9 or less, the distance 
between bulkheads 1 and 3 must not exceed 90% of the floodable length or 
twice the maximum bulkhead separation calculated to demonstrate 
compliance with Sec. 171.065, whichever is smaller.
    (2) Additional watertight bulkheads must be located as shown in 
Figure 171.067(a) so that distances A, B, C, and D, illustrated in 
Figure 171.067(a), satisfy the following:
    (i) Distances A and B must not exceed the maximum spacing allowed by 
Sec. 171.065.
    (ii) Distances C and D must not be less than the minimum separation 
prescribed by Sec. 171.065(e).
    (3) The distance A, illustrated in Figure 171.067(b), must not 
exceed the maximum length determined in Sec. 171.065 corresponding to a 
margin line taken 3 inches (7.6 cm) below the step.
    (c) A main transverse bulkhead may not be recessed unless all parts 
of the recess are inboard from the shell of the vessel a distance A as 
illustrated in Figure 171.067(c).
    (d) Any part of a recess that lies outside the limits defined in 
paragraph (c) of this section must be treated as a step in accordance 
with paragraph (b) of this section.
    (e) The distance between a main transverse watertight bulkhead and 
the transverse plane passing through the nearest portion of a recessed 
bulkhead must be greater than the minimum separation specified by 
Sec. 171.065(e).
    (f) If a main transverse bulkhead is stepped or recessed, equivalent 
plane bulkheads must be used in the calculations required to demonstrate 
compliance with Sec. 171.065.

[[Page 115]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.022



[[Page 116]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.023



[[Page 117]]



Sec. 171.068  Special considerations for Type I subdivision for vessels on short international voyages.

    (a) The calculations done to demonstrate compliance with 
Sec. 171.065 for a vessel that makes short international voyages and is 
permitted under Sec. 75.10-10 of this chapter to carry a number of 
persons on board in excess of the lifeboat capacity must--
    (1) Assume the uniform average permeabilities given in Table 171.068 
in lieu of those in Table 171.066; and
    (2) Use a factor of subdivision (FS) that is the smaller of the 
following:
    (i) The value from Table 171.065(a).
    (ii) 0.50.
    (b) For a vessel less than 300 feet (91 meters) in length, the 
Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center may approve the separation of 
main transverse watertight bulkheads greater than that permitted by 
paragraph (a) of this section if--
    (1) The shorter separation is impracticable; and
    (2) The separation is the smallest that is practicable.
    (c) In the case of ships less than 180 feet (55 meters) in length, 
the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center may approve a further 
relaxation in the bulkhead spacing. However, in no case may the 
separation be large enough to prevent the vessel from complying with the 
flooding requirements for Type II subdivision in Sec. 171.070.

         Table 171.068--Table of Uniform Average Permeabilities         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Location                   Uniform average permeability
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               10 (a-c)                 
Machinery Space..........................  85+--------                  
                                                   v                    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               35(b)                    
Volume Forward of Machinery Space........  95-----                      
                                                 v                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 35(b)                  
Volume Aft of Machinery Space............  95-------                    
                                                 v                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For each location specified in this table--                             
a=volume below the margin line of all spaces that, in the full load     
  condition, normally contain no cargo, baggage, stores, provisions, or 
  mail.                                                                 
b=volume below the margin line and above the tops of floors, inner      
  bottoms, or peak tanks of coal or oil fuel bunkers, chain lockers,    
  fresh water tanks, and of all spaces that, in the full load condition,
  normally contain stores, baggage, mail, cargo, or provisions. If cargo
  holds are not occupied by cargo, no part of the cargo space is to be  
  included in this volume.                                              
c=volume below the margin line of the cargo, stores, provisions, or mail
  spaces within the limits of the machinery space.                      
v=total volume below the margin line.                                   


[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 171.070  Subdivision requirements--Type II.

    (a) Each vessel, except a ferry vessel, must be designed so that, 
while in each condition of loading and operation, it complies with the 
standard of flooding specified in Table 171.070(a).
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c), each ferry vessel must be 
designed so that, while in each condition of loading and operation, it 
meets the standard of flooding specified in Table 171.070(b).
    (c) A ferry vessel described in paragraph (d) of this section need 
not meet the standard of flooding specified in Table 171.070(b), except 
that a ferry vessel in Great Lakes service must at least have a 
collision bulkhead.
    (d) Paragraph (c) of this section applies to a ferry vessel that--
    (1) Is 150 feet (46 meters) or less in length; and
    (2) Has sufficient air tankage, or other internal buoyancy to float 
the vessel with no part of the margin line submerged when the vessel is 
completely flooded. If foam is used to comply with this paragraph, it 
must be installed in accordance with the requirements in Sec. 170.245 of 
this subchapter.
    (e) Except as specified in paragraph (f) of this section, each main 
transverse watertight bulkhead must be spaced as follows:
    (1) If the LBP of the vessel is 143 feet (43.5 meters) or more, each 
main transverse watertight bulkhead must be at least 10 feet (3 meters) 
plus 3 percent of the vessel's LBP from--
    (i) Every other main transverse watertight bulkhead;
    (ii) The collision bulkhead; and
    (iii) The aftermost point on the bulkhead deck.
    (2) If the LBP of the vessel is less than 143 feet (43.5 meters) and 
the vessel does not make international voyages, each main transverse 
watertight bulkhead must be no less than 10 percent of the vessel's LBP 
or 6 feet (1.8 meters), whichever is greater, from--

[[Page 118]]

    (i) Every other main transverse watertight bulkhead;
    (ii) The collision bulkhead; and
    (iii) The aftermost point on the bulkhead deck.
    (f) If a vessel is required by Sec. 171.060 to have a collision 
bulkhead in each end of the vessel, then each main transverse watertight 
bulkhead must be no less than the distance specified in paragraph (e) of 
this section from--
    (1) Every other main transverse watertight bulkhead; and
    (2) Each collision bulkhead.

                 Table 171.070(a)--Standard of Flooding                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Standard of 
     Passengers carried             Part of vessel           flooding   
                                                          (compartments)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
400 or less.................  All.......................         1      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
401 to 600..................  All of the vessel forward          2      
                               of the first MTWB aft of                 
                               the collision bulkhead..                 
                              All remaining portions of          1      
                               the vessel.                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
601 to 800..................  All of the vessel forward          2      
                               of the first MTWB that is                
                               aft of a point 40% of the                
                               vessel's LBP aft of the                  
                               forward perpendicular.                   
                              All remaining portions of          1      
                               the vessel.                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
801 to 1000.................  All of the vessel forward          2      
                               of the first MTWB that is                
                               aft of a point 60% of the                
                               vessel's LBP aft of the                  
                               forward prependicular..                  
                              All remaining portions of          1      
                               the vessel.                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
More than 1000..............  All.......................        2       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where for this table-                                                   
``MTWB'' means main transverse watertight bulkhead; and ``Standard of   
  Flooding`` is explained in Sec.  171.017 of this subchapter.          


        Table 171.070(b)--Standard of Flooding for Ferry Vessels        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Standard of 
         Vessel length               Part of vessel          flooding   
                                                          (compartments)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 feet (46 meters) or less..  All.....................            1   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                All of the vessel                   2   
                                 forward of the first                   
                                 MTWB aft of the                        
                                 collision bulkhead.                    
   Greater than 150 feet (46    All of the vessel aft of            2   
    meters) and less than or     the first MTWB forward                 
 equal to 200 feet (61 meters).  of the aft peak                        
                                 bulkhead.                              
                                All remaining portions              1   
                                 of the vessel.                         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Greater than 200 feet (61    All.....................            2   
            meters).                                                    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where for this table--                                                  
``MTWB'' means main transverse watertight bulkhead; and ``Standard of   
  Flooding'' is explained in Sec.  171.017 of this subchapter.          



Sec. 171.072  Calculation of permeability for Type II subdivision.

    When doing calcualtions to show compliance with Sec. 171.070, the 
following uniform average permeabilities must be assumed:
    (a) 85 percent in the machinery space.
    (b) 60 percent in the following spaces:
    (1) Tanks that are normally filled when the vessel is in the full 
load condition.
    (2) Chain lockers.
    (3) Cargo spaces.
    (4) Stores spaces.
    (5) Mail or baggage spaces.
    (c) 95 percent in all other spaces.



Sec. 171.073  Treatment of stepped and recessed bulkheads in Type II subdivision.

    (a) A main transverse watertight bulkhead may not be stepped unless 
additional watertight bulkheads are located as shown in Figure 
171.067(a) so that the distances A, B, C, and D illustrated in Figure 
171.067(a) comply with the following:
    (1) A and B must not exceed the maximum bulkhead spacing that 
permits compliance with Sec. 171.070; and
    (2) C and D must not be less than the minimum spacing specified in 
Sec. 171.070(e).
    (b) A main transverse watertight bulkhead may not be recessed unless 
all parts of the recess are inboard from the shell of the vessel as 
illustrated in Figure 171.067(c).

[[Page 119]]

    (c) If a main transverse watertight bulkhead is recessed or stepped, 
an equivalent plane bulkhead must be used in the calculations required 
by Sec. 171.070.



Sec. 171.075  Subdivision requirements--Type III.

    (a) Each vessel must be shown by design calculations to comply with 
the requirements of Regulations 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 of the Annex to 
Resolution A.265 (VIII) of the International Maritime Organization 
(IMO).
    (b) International Maritime Organization Resolution A.265 (VIII) is 
incorporated by reference into this part.
    (c) As used in IMO Resolution A.265 (VIII), ``Administration'' means 
the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard.



Sec. 171.080  Damage stability standards for vessels with Type I or Type II subdivision.

    (a) Calculations. Each vessel with Type I or Type II subdivision 
must be shown by design calculations to meet the survival conditions in 
paragraph (d) of this section in each condition of loading and operation 
assuming the extent and character of damage specified in paragraph (b) 
of this section.
    (b) Extent and character of damage. For the purpose of paragraph (a) 
of this section, design calculations must assume that the damage--
    (1) Has the character specified in Table 171.080(a); and
    (2) Consists of a penetration having the dimensions specified in 
Table 171.080(a) except that, if the most disabling penetration would be 
less than the penetration described in the table, the smaller 
penetration must be assumed.
    (c) Permeability. When doing the calculations required in paragraph 
(a) of this section, the permeability of each space must be calculated 
in a manner approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center or 
be taken from Table 171.080(c).
    (d) Definitions. For the purposes of paragraphs (e) and (f) of this 
section, the following definitions apply:
    (1) New vessel means a vessel--
    (i) For which a building contract is placed on or after April 15, 
1996;
    (ii) In the absence of a building contract, the keel of which is 
laid, or which is at a similar stage of construction, on or after April 
15, 1996;
    (iii) The delivery of which occurs on or after January 1, 1997;
    (iv) Application for the reflagging of which is made on or after 
January 1, 1997; or
    (v) That has undergone--
    (A) A major conversion for which the conversion contract is placed 
on or after April 15, 1996;
    (B) In the absence of a contract, a major conversion begun on or 
after April 15, 1996; or
    (C) A major conversion completed on or after January 1, 1997.
    (2) Existing vessel means other than a new vessel.
    (3) Watertight means capable of preventing the passage of water 
through the structure in any direction under a head of water for which 
the surrounding structure is designed.
    (4) Weathertight means capable of preventing the penetration of 
water, even boarding seas, into the vessel in any sea condition.
    (e) Damage survival for all existing vessels except those vessels 
authorized to carry more than 12 passengers on an international voyage 
requiring a SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificate. An existing vessel 
is presumed to survive assumed damage if it meets the following 
conditions in the final stage of flooding:
    (1) On a vessel required to survive assumed damage with a 
longitudinal extent of 10 feet (3 meters) plus 0.03L, the final angle of 
equilibrium must not exceed 7 degrees after equalization, except that 
the final angle may be as large as 15 degrees if--
    (i) The vessel is not equipped with equalization or is equipped with 
fully automatic equalization; and
    (ii) The Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center approves the 
vessel's range of stability in the damaged condition.
    (2) On a vessel required to survive assumed damage with a 
longitudinal extent of 20 feet (6.1 meters) plus 0.04L, the angle of 
equilibrium must not exceed 15 degrees after equalization.
    (3) The margin line may not be submerged at any point.

[[Page 120]]

    (4) The vessel's metacentric height (GM) must be at least 2 inches 
(5 cm) when the vessel is in the upright position.
    (f) Damage survival for all new vessels except those vessels 
authorized to carry more than 12 passengers on an international voyage 
requiring a SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificate. A new vessel is 
presumed to survive assumed damage if it is shown by calculations to 
meet the conditions set forth in paragraphs (f) (1) through (7) of this 
section in the final stage of flooding and to meet the conditions set 
forth in paragraphs (f) (8) and (9) of this section in each intermediate 
stage of flooding. For the purposes of establishing boundaries to 
determine compliance with the requirements in paragraphs (f) (1) through 
(9), openings that are fitted with weathertight closures and that are 
not submerged during any stage of flooding will not be considered 
downflooding points.
    (1) Each vessel must have positive righting arms for a minimum range 
beyond the angle of equilibrium as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Required
                        Vessel service                           range  
                                                               (degrees)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exposed waters, oceans, or Great Lakes winter................         15
Partially protected waters or Great Lakes summer.............         10
Protected waters.............................................          5
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) No vessel may have any opening through which downflooding can 
occur within the minimum range specified by paragraph (f)(1) of this 
section.
    (3) Each vessel must have an area under each righting-arm curve of 
at least 0.015 meter-radians, measured from the angle of equilibrium to 
the smaller of the following angles:
    (i) The angle at which downflooding occurs.
    (ii) The angle of vanishing stability.
    (4) Except as provided by paragraph (f)(5) of this section, each 
vessel must have within the positive range the greater of a righting arm 
(GZ) equal to or greater than 0.10 meter or a GZ as calculated using the 
formula:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC95.004

where--
C=1.00 for vessels on exposed waters, oceans, or Great Lakes winter;
C=0.75 for vessels on partially protected waters or Great Lakes summer;
C=0.50 for vessels on protected waters;
=intact displacement; and
Heeling moment=greatest of the heeling moments as calculated in 
          paragraphs (f)(4) (i) through (iv) of this section.

    (i) The passenger heeling moment is calculated using the formula:

Passenger Heeling Moment=0.5 (n w b)
where--
n=number of passengers;
w=passenger weight = 75 kilograms; and
b=distance from the centerline of the vessel to the geometric center on 
          one side of the centerline of the passenger deck used to leave 
          the vessel in case of flooding.

    (ii) The heeling moment due to asymmetric escape routes for 
passengers, if the vessel has asymmetric escape routes for passengers, 
is calculated assuming that--
    (A) Each passenger weighs 75 kilograms;
    (B) Each passenger occupies 0.25 square meter of deck area; and
    (C) All passengers are distributed, on available deck areas 
unoccupied by permanently affixed objects, toward one side of the vessel 
on the decks where passengers would move to escape from the vessel in 
case of flooding, so that they produce the most adverse heeling moment.
    (iii) The heeling moment due to the launching of survival craft is 
calculated assuming that--
    (A) All survival craft, including davit-launched liferafts and 
rescue boats, fitted on the side to which the vessel heels after 
sustained damage, are swung out if necessary, fully loaded and ready for 
lowering;
    (B) Persons not in the survival craft swung out and ready for 
lowering are distributed about the centerline of the vessel so that they 
do not provide additional heeling or righting moments; and
    (C) Survival craft on the side of the vessel opposite that to which 
the vessel heels remain stowed.
    (iv) The heeling moment due to wind pressure is calculated assuming 
that--
    (A) The wind exerts a pressure of 120 Newtons per square meter;
    (B) The wind acts on an area equal to the projected lateral area of 
the vessel

[[Page 121]]

above the waterline corresponding to the intact condition; and
    (C) The lever arm of the wind is the vertical distance from a point 
at one-half the mean draft, or the center of area below the waterline, 
to the center of the lateral area.
    (5) Each vessel whose arrangements do not generally allow port or 
starboard egress may be exempted, by the Commanding Officer, Marine 
Safety Center, from the transverse passenger heeling moment required by 
paragraph (f)(4)(i) of this section. Each vessel exempted must have 
sufficient longitudinal stability to prevent immersion of the deck edge 
during forward or aft egress.
    (6) Each vessel must have an angle of equilibrium that does not 
exceed--
    (i) 7 degrees for flooding of one compartment;
    (ii) 12 degrees for flooding of two compartments; or
    (iii) A maximum of 15 degrees for flooding of one or two 
compartments where--
    (A) The vessel has positive righting arms for at least 20 degrees 
beyond the angle of equilibrium; and
    (B) The vessel has an area under each righting-arm curve, when the 
equilibrium angle is between 7 degrees and 15 degrees, in accordance 
with the formula:

    A0.0025(-1)

where--
A=Area required in m-rad under each righting-arm curve measured from the 
          angle of equilibrium to the smaller of either the angle at 
          which downflooding occurs or the angle of vanishing stability.
=actual angle of equilibrium in degrees

    (7) The margin line of the vessel must not be submerged when the 
vessel is in equilibrium.
    (8) Each vessel must have a maximum angle of equilibrium that does 
not exceed 15 degrees during intermediate stages of flooding.
    (9) Each vessel must have a range of stability and a maximum 
righting arm during each intermediate stage of flooding as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Required     Required   
                Vessel service                   range        maximum   
                                               (degrees)   righting arm 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exposed waters, oceans, or Great Lakes winter          7       0.05 m   
  Partially-protected waters or Great Lakes                             
 summer......................................          5       0.035 m  
Protected waters.............................          5       0.035 m  
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Only one breach in the hull and only one free surface need be assumed 
when meeting the requirements of this paragraph.
    (g) Damage survival for vessels authorized to carry more than 12 
passengers on an international voyage requiring a SOLAS Passenger Ship 
Safety Certificate. A vessel is presumed to survive assumed damage if it 
is shown by calculations to comply with the damage stability required 
for that vessel by the International Convention for the Safety of Life 
at Sea, 1974, as amended, chapter II-1, part B, regulation 8.
    (h) Equalization. (1) Equalization systems on vessels of 150 gross 
tons or more in ocean service must meet the following:
    (i) Equalization must be automatic except that the Commanding 
Officer, Marine Safety Center may approve other means of equalization 
if--
    (A) It is impracticable to make equalization automatic; and
    (B) Controls to cross-flooding equipment are located above the 
bulkhead deck.
    (ii) Equalization must be fully accomplished within 15 minutes after 
damage occurs.
    (2) Equalization on vessels under 150 gross tons in ocean service 
and on all vessels in other than ocean service must meet the follmwing:
    (i) Equalization must not depend on the operation of valves.
    (ii) Equalization must be fully accomplished within 15 minutes after 
damage occurs.
    (3) The estimated maximum angle mf heel before equalization must be 
approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center.

[[Page 122]]



                                Table 171.080(a)--Extent and Character of Damage                                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Longitudinal             Transverse                                                    
Vessel designator1       penetration2           penetration3, 4      Vertical penetration   Character of Damage 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Z.................  10 feet (3 meters)      B/5...................  from the baseline      Assumes no damage to 
                     plus ).03L or 35 feet                           upward without limit.  any main transverse 
                     (10.7 meters)                                                          watertight bulkhead.
                     whichever is less.5                                                                        
Y.................  10 feet (3 meters)      B/5...................  From the baseline      Assumes damage to no 
                     plus )0.03L or 35                               upward without limit.  more than one main  
                     feet (10.7 meters)                                                     transverse          
                     whichever is less.                                                     watertight bulkhead.
X.................  10 feet (3 meters)      B/5...................  from the baseline      Assumes damage to no 
                     plus )0.03L or 35                               upward without limit.  more than one main  
                     feet (10.7 meters                                                      transverse          
                     whichever is less.                                                     watertight bulkhead.
                    20 feet (6.1 meters)    B/5...................  From the top of the    Assumes damage to no 
                     plus 0.04L.                                     double bottom upward   more than one main  
                                                                     without limit.         transverse          
                                                                                            watertight bulkhead.
W.................  20 feet (6.1 meters)    B/5...................  From the baseline      Assumes damage to at 
                     plus 0.04L.                                     upward without limit.  least two main      
                                                                                            transverse          
                                                                                            watertight          
                                                                                            bulkheads.          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(\1\) W,X,Y, and Z are determined from Table 171.080(b).                                                        
(\2\) L=LBP of the vessel in feet (meters).                                                                     
(\3\) B=the beam of the vessel in feet (meters) measured at or below the deepest subdivision load line as       
  defined in 171.010(a) except that, when doing calculations for a vessel that operates only on inland waters or
  a ferry vessel, B may be taken as the mean of the maximum beam on the bulkhead deck and the maximum beam at   
  the deepest subdivision load line.                                                                            
(\4\) The transverse penetration is applied inboard from the side of the vessel, at right angles to the         
  centerline, at the level of the deepest subdivision load line.                                                
(\5\) .1L or 6 feet (1.8 meters) whichever is greater for vessels described in Sec.  171.070(e)(2).             


                            Table 171.080(b)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Vessel category                     Vessel designator    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vessels with type I subdivision and a factor  W.                        
    of subdivision as determined from Sec.                              
     171.065 (a) or (b) of 0.33 or less.                                
Vessels with type I subdivision and a factor  X.                        
    of subdivision as determined from Sec.                              
   171.065 (a) or (b) greater than 0.33 and                             
         less than or equal to 0.50.                                    
  Vessels with Type II subdivision that are   Y.                        
 required to meet a two compartment standard                            
                 of flooding.                                           
All other vessels...........................  Z.                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                     Table 171.080(c)--Permeability                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Spaces and tanks                  Permeability (percent   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cargo, coal, stores........................  60.                        
Accommodations.............................  95.                        
Machinery..................................  85.                        
Tanks......................................  o or 95.\1\                
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Whichever value results in the more disabling condition.            


[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988; CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41826, Sept. 11, 1992; CGD 94-
010, 60 FR 53713, Oct. 17, 1995]



Sec. 171.082  Damage stability standards for vessels with Type III subdivision.

    (a) Each vessel must be shown by design calculations to comply with 
the requirements of Regulations 1 and 5 of the Annex to Resolution A.265 
(VIII) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
    (b) International Maritime Organization Resolution A.265 (VIII) is 
incorporated by reference into this part.
    (c) As used in IMO Resolution A.265 (VIII), ``Administration'' means 
the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard.
    (d) Section 56.50-57 of this chapter contains additional 
requirements on bilge pumping and piping systems.



             Subpart D--Additional Subdivision Requirements



Sec. 171.085  Collision bulkhead.

    (a) Paragraphs (b) through (g) of this section apply to each vessel 
of 100 gross tons or more and paragraphs (h) through (j) of this section 
apply to each vessel that is less than 100 gross tons.
    (b) The portion of the collision bulkhead that is below the bulkhead 
deck must be watertight.
    (c) Each portion of the collision bulkhead must be at least--
    (1) 5 percent of the LBP from the forward perpendicular in a motor 
vessel; and
    (2) 5 feet (1.52 meters) from the forward perpendicular in a steam 
vessel.
    (d) The collision bulkhead must be no more than 10 feet (3 meters) 
plus 5 percent of the LBP from the forward perpendicular.

[[Page 123]]

    (e) The collision bulkhead must extend to the deck above the 
bulkhead deck if the vessel--
    (1) Is in ocean service; and
    (2) Has a superstructure that extends from a point forward of the 
collision bulkhead to a point at least 15 percent of the LBP aft of the 
collision bulkhead.
    (f) The collision bulkhead required by paragraph (e) of this section 
must have the following characteristics:
    (1) The portion of the collision bulkhead above the bulkhead deck 
must be weathertight.
    (2) If the portion of the collision bulkhead above the bulkhead deck 
is not located directly above the collision bulkhead below the bulkhead 
deck, then the bulkhead deck between must be weathertight.
    (g) Each opening in the collision bulkhead must--
    (1) Be located above the bulkhead deck; and
    (2) Have a watertight closure.
    (h) Each collision bulkhead--
    (1) Must extend to the deck above the bulkhead deck if in ocean 
service as defined in Sec. 170.050(f) of this chapter or to the bulkhead 
deck if in service on other waters;
    (2) May not have watertight doors in it; and
    (3) May have penetrations and openings that--
    (i) Are located as high and as far inboard as practicable; and
    (ii) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, have means 
to make them watertight.
    (i) Each vessel that is not required to comply with a one or two 
compartment standard of flooding may have an opening that cannot be made 
watertight in the collision bulkhead below the bulkhead deck if--
    (1) The lowest edge of the opening is not more than 12 inches (30.5 
centimeters) below the bulkhead deck; and
    (2) There are at least 36 inches (92 centimeters) of intact 
collision bulkhead below the lower edge of the opening.
    (j) Each portion of the collision bulkhead must be--
    (1) At least 5 percent of the LBP from the forward perpendicular; 
and
    (2) No more than 15 percent of the LBP from the forward 
perpendicular if the space forward of the collision bulkhead is not 
subject to damage stability requirements and at any location aft of the 
location described in paragraph (j)(1) of this section if the space 
forward of the collision bulkhead is subject to damage stability 
requirements.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.090  Aft peak bulkhead.

    (a) Each of the following vessels must have an aft peak bulkhead:
    (1) Each vessel 100 gross tons or more on an international voyage.
    (2) Each other vessel of more than 150 gross tons.
    (b) Except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section, each 
portion of the aft peak bulkhead below the bulkhead deck must be 
watertight.
    (c) A vessel may have an aft peak bulkhead that does not intersect 
the bulkhead deck if approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety 
Center.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 171.095  Machinery space bulkhead.

    (a) This section applies to each vessel of 100 gross tons or more.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, a vessel 
required to have Type I or II subdivision must have enough main 
transverse watertight bulkheads to separate the machinery space from the 
remainder of the vessel. All portions of these bulkheads must be 
watertight below the bulkhead deck.
    (c) Compliance with paragraph (b) of this section is not required if 
the vessel has sufficient air tanks or other internal buoyancy to 
maintain the vessel afloat while in the full load condition when all 
compartments and all other tanks are flooded. If foam is used to comply 
with this paragraph, it must be installed in accordance with the 
requirements in Sec. 170.245 of this subchapter.

[[Page 124]]



Sec. 171.100  Shaft tunnels and stern tubes.

    (a) Stern tubes in each of the following vessels must be enclosed in 
watertight spaces:
    (1) Each vessel of 100 gross tons or more on an international 
voyage.
    (2) Each other vessel over 150 gross tons in ocean or Great Lakes 
service.
    (3) Each vessel under 100 gross tons that carries more than 12 
passengers on an international voyage.
    (b) The watertight seal in the bulkhead between the stern tube space 
and the machinery space must be located in a watertight shaft tunnel. 
The vessel must be designed so that the margin line will not be 
submerged when the watertight shaft tunnel is flooded.
    (c) If a vessel has two or more shaft tunnels, they must be 
connected by a watertight passageway.
    (d) If a vessel has two or less shaft tunnels, only one door is 
permitted between them and the machinery space. If a vessel has more 
then two shaft tunnels, only two doors are permitted between them and 
the machinery space.



Sec. 171.105  Double bottoms.

    (a) This section applies to each vessel that carries more than 12 
passengers on an international voyage and all other vessels that are--
    (1) 100 gross tons or more; and
    (2) In ocean or Great Lakes service.
    (b) Each vessel over 165 feet (50 meters) and under 200 feet (61 
meters) in LBP must have a double bottom that extends from the forward 
end of the machinery space to the fore peak bulkhead.
    (c) Each vessel over 200 feet (61 meters) and under 249 feet (76 
meters) in LBP must have a double bottom that extends from the fore peak 
bulkhead to the forward end of the machinery space and a double bottom 
that extends from the aft peak bulkhead to the aft end of the machinery 
space.
    (d) Each vessel 249 feet (76 meters) in LBP and upward must have a 
double bottom that extends from the fore to the aft peak bulkhead.
    (e) Each double bottom required by this section must be at least the 
depth at the centerline given by the following equation:

                          D=18.0+0.05(L) inches

                       D=45.7+0.417(L) centimeters

where--

D=the depth at the centerline in inches (centimeters).
L=LBP in feet (meters).

    (f) The line formed by the intersection of the margin plate and the 
bilge plating must be above the horizontal plane C, illustrated in 
Figure 171.105, at all points. The horizontal plane C is defined by 
point B, located, as shown in Figure 171.105, in the midships section.

[[Page 125]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.024



[[Page 126]]

    (g) A double bottom is not required in a tank that is integral with 
the hull of a vessel if--
    (1) The tank is used exclusively for the carriage of liquids; and
    (2) It is approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center.
    (h) A double bottom is not required in any part of a vessel where 
the separation of main transverse watertight bulkheads is governed by a 
factor of subdivision less than or equal to 0.50 if--
    (1) The Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center approves;
    (2) The vessel makes short international voyages; and
    (3) The vessel is permitted by Sec. 75.10-10 of this chapter to 
carry a number of passengers in excess of the lifeboat capacity.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov 4. 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34532, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 171.106  Wells in double bottoms.

    (a) This section applies to each vessel that has a well installed in 
a double bottom required by Sec. 171.105.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section--
    (1) The depth of a well must be at least 18 inches (45.7 cm) less 
than the depth of the double bottom at the centerline; and
    (2) The well may not extend below the horizontal plane C illustrated 
in Figure 171.105.
    (c) A well may extend to the outer bottom of a double bottom at the 
after end of a shaft tunnel.



Sec. 171.108  Manholes in double bottoms.

    (a) The number of manholes in the inner bottom of a double bottom 
required by Sec. 171.105 must be reduced to the minimum required for 
adequate access.
    (b) Each manhole must have a cover that can be--
    (1) Made watertight; and
    (2) Protected from damage by cargo or coal.



Sec. 171.109  Watertight floors in double bottoms.

    If a vessel is required to have a double bottom, a watertight 
transverse division must be located in the double bottom under each main 
transverse watertight bulkhead or as near as practicable to the main 
transverse watertight bulkhead. If a vessel also has duct keels, the 
transverse divisions need not extend across them.



      Subpart E--Penetrations and Openings in Watertight Bulkheads



Sec. 171.110  Specific applicability.

     Sections 171.111, 171.112, and 171.113 apply to each vessel of 100 
gross tons or more.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.111  Penetrations and openings in watertight bulkheads in vessels of 100 gross tons or more.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, each 
opening in a watertight bulkhead must have a means to close it 
watertight.
    (b) Except in a machinery space, the means for closing each opening 
may not be by bolted portable plates.
    (c) If a main transverse watertight bulkhead is penetrated, the 
penetration must be made watertight. Lead or other heat sensitive 
materials must not be used in a system that penetrates a main transverse 
watertight bulkhead if fire damage to this system would reduce the 
watertight integrity of the bulkhead.
    (d) A main transverse watertight bulkhead must not be penetrated by 
valves or cocks unless they are a part of a piping system.
    (e) If a pipe, scupper, or electric cable passes through a main 
transverse watertight bulkhead, the opening through which it passes must 
be watertight.
    (f) A main transverse watertight bulkhead may not have non-
watertight penetrations below the bulkhead deck unless--
    (1) The margin line is more than 9 inches (23 centimeters) below the 
bulkhead deck at the intersection of the margin line and the line formed 
by the intersection of the plane of the main transverse watertight 
bulkhead and the shell; and
    (2) Making all penetrations watertight is impracticable.

[[Page 127]]

    (g) Penetrations approved in accordance with paragraph (f) of this 
section must comply with the following:
    (1) The bottom of the penetration must not be located--
    (i) More than 24 inches (61 centimeters) below the bulkhead deck; 
nor
    (ii) Less than 9 inches (23 centimeters) above the margin line.
    (2) The penetration must not be located outboard from the centerline 
more than \1/4\ of the beam of the vessel measured--
    (i) On the bulkhead deck; and
    (ii) In the vertical plane of the penetration.
    (h) No doors, manholes, or other access openings may be located in a 
watertight bulkhead that separates two cargo spaces or a cargo space and 
a permanent or reserve bunker.



Sec. 171.112  Watertight door openings.

    (a) The opening for a watertight door must be located as high in the 
bulkhead and as far inboard as practicable.
    (b) No more than one door, other than a door to a bunker or shaft 
alley, may be fitted in a main transverse watertight bulkhead within 
spaces containing the following:
    (1) Main and auxiliary propulsion machinery.
    (2) Propulsion boilers.
    (3) Permanent bunkers.



Sec. 171.113  Trunks.

    (a) For the purpose of this section, ``trunk'' means a large 
enclosed passageway through any deck or bulkhead of a vessel.
    (b) Each trunk, other than those specified in paragraph (c) of this 
section, must have a watertight door at each end except that a trunk may 
have a watertight door at one end if--
    (1) The trunk does not pass through more than one main compartment;
    (2) The sides of the trunk are not nearer to the shell than is 
permitted by Sec. 171.067(c) for the sides of a recess in a bulkhead; 
and
    (3) The vessel complies with the subdivision requirements in this 
part when the volume of the trunk is included with the volume of the 
compartmelt into which it opens.
    (c) Each trunk that provides access from a crew accommodation space 
and that passes through a main transverse watertight bulkhead must 
comply with the following:
    (1) The trunk must be watertight.
    (2) The trunk, if used for passage at sea, must have at least one 
end above the margin line and access to the other end of the trunk must 
be through a watertight door.
    (3) The trunk must not pass through the first main transverse 
watertight bulkhead aft of the collision bulkhead.



   Subpart F--Openings in the Side of a Vessel Below the Bulkhead or 
                              Weather Deck



Sec. 171.115  Specific applicability.

     Sections 171.116, 171.117, and 171.118 apply to each vessel of 100 
gross tons or more.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.116  Port lights.

    (a) A vessel may have port lights below the bulkhead deck if--
    (1) It is greater than 150 gross tons; and
    (2) It is in ocean service.
    (b) All port lights in a space must be non-opening if the sill of 
any port light in that space is below a line that--
    (1) Is drawn parallel to the line formed by the intersection of the 
bulkhead deck and the shell of the vessel; and
    (2) Has its lowest point 2\1/2\ percent of the beam of the vessel 
above the deepest subdivision load line.
    (c) For the purpose of paragraph (b) of this section, the beam of 
the vessel is measured at or below the deepest subdivision load line.
    (d) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, no port 
light may be located in a space that is used exclusively for the 
carriage of cargo, stores, or coal.
    (e) A port light may be located in a space used alternately for the 
carriage of cargo or passengers.
    (f) Each port light installed below the bulkhead deck must conform 
to the following requirements:

[[Page 128]]

    (1) The design of each port light must be approved by the Commanding 
Officer, Marine Safety Center.
    (2) Each non-opening port light must be watertight.
    (3) Each opening port light must be constructed so that it can be 
secured watertight.
    (4) Each opening port light must be installed with at least one bolt 
that is secured by a round slotted or recessed nut that requires a 
special wrench to remove. The nut must be protected by a sleeve or guard 
to prevent it from being removed with ordinary tools.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 171.117  Dead covers.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each port 
light with the sill located below the margin line must have a hinged, 
inside dead cover.
    (b) The dead cover on a port light located in an accommodation space 
for passengers other than steerage passengers may be portable if--
    (1) The apparatus for stowing the dead cover is adjacent to its 
respective port light;
    (2) The port light is located above the deck that is immediately 
above the deepest subdivision load line;
    (3) The port light is aft of a point one-eighth of the LBP of the 
vessel from the forward perpendicular; and
    (4) The port light is above a line that--
    (i) Is parallel to the line formed by the intersection of the 
bulkhead deck and the side of the vessel; and
    (ii) Has its lowest point at a height of 12 feet (3.66 meters) plus 
2\1/2\ percent of the beam of the vessel above the deepest subdivision 
load line.
    (c) For the purpose of paragraph (b) of this section, the beam of 
the vessel is measured at or below the deepest subdivision load line.
    (d) Each dead cover must be designed so that--
    (1) It can be secured watertight; and
    (2) It is not necessary to release any of the special nuts required 
in Sec. 171.116(f)(4) in order to secure the dead cover.



Sec. 171.118  Automatic ventilators and side ports.

    (a) An automatic ventilator must not be fitted in the side of a 
vessel below the bulkhead deck unless approved by the Commanding 
Officer, Marine Safety Center.
    (b) The design and construction of each gangway, cargo and coaling 
port, and similar opening in the side of a vessel must be approved by 
the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center.
    (c) In no case may the lowest point of any gangway, cargo and 
coaling port, or similar opening be below the deepest subdivision load 
line.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



          Subpart G--Watertight Integrity Above the Margin Line



Sec. 171.120  Specific applicability.

    A vessel of at least 100 gross tons must comply with Sec. 171.122.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.122  Watertight integrity above the margin line in a vessel of 100 gross tons or more.

    (a) For the purpose of this section, a partial watertight bulkhead 
is one in which all portions are not watertight.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the 
bulkhead deck or a deck above it must be weathertight.
    (c) Partial watertight bulkheads or web frames must be located in 
the immediate vicinity of main transverse watertight bulkheads to 
minimize as much as practicable the entry and spread of water above the 
bulkhead deck.
    (d) If a partial watertight bulkhead or web frame is located on the 
bulkhead deck in order to comply with paragraph (c) of this section, the 
joint between it and the shell and bulkhead deck must be watertight.
    (e) If a partial watertight bulkhead does not line up with a main 
transverse watertight bulkhead below the bulkhead deck, the bulkhead 
deck between them must be watertight.
    (f) Each opening in an exposed weather deck must--

[[Page 129]]

    (1) Have a coaming that complies with the height requirements in 
Table 171.122; and
    (2) Have a means for closing it weathertight.
    (g) Each port light located between the bulkhead deck and the next 
deck above the bulkhead deck must have an inside dead cover than can be 
secured watertight.

                              Table 171.122                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Route                          Height of coaming     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exposed or partially protected............  6 inches (15.2 centimeters).
Protected.................................  3 inches (7.6 centimeters). 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



                  Subpart H--Drainage of Weather Decks



Sec. 171.130  Specific applicability.

     Section 171.135 applies to each vessel that is 100 gross tons or 
more.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51017, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 171.135  Weather deck drainage on a vessel of 100 gross tons or more.

    The weather deck must have freeing ports, open rails, and scuppers, 
as necessary, to allow rapid clearing of water under all weather 
conditions.



PART 172--SPECIAL RULES PERTAINING TO BULK CARGOES--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
172.005  Applicability.

                    Subpart B--Bulk Grain [Reserved]

  Subpart C--Special Rules Pertaining to a Barge That Carries a Cargo 
              Regulated Under Subchapter D of This Chapter

172.047  Specific applicability.
172.050  Damage stability.

  Subpart D--Special Rules Pertaining to a Vessel That Carries a Cargo 
                     Regulated Under 33 CFR Part 157

172.060  Specific applicability.
172.065  Damage stability.

Subpart E--Special Rules Pertaining to a Barge That Carries a Hazardous 
           Liquid Regulated Under Subchapter O of this Chapter

172.080  Specific applicability.
172.085  Hull type.
172.087  Cargo loading assumptions.
172.090  Intact transverse stability.
172.095  Intact longitudinal stability.
172.100  Watertight integrity.
172.103  Damage stability.
172.104  Character of damage.
172.105  Extent of damage.
172.110  Survival conditions.

 Subpart F--Special Rules Pertaining to a Ship That Carries a Hazardous 
           Liquid Regulated Under Subchapter O of This Chapter

172.125  Specific applicability.
172.127  Definitions.
172.130  Calculations.
172.133  Character of damage.
172.135  Extent of damage.
172.140  Permeability of spaces.
172.150  Survival conditions.

   Subpart G--Special Rules Pertaining to a Ship That Carries a Bulk 
       Liquefied Gas Regulated Under Subchapter O of This Chapter

172.155  Specific applicability.
172.160  Definitions.
172.165  Intact stability calculations.
172.170  Damage stability calculations.
172.175  Character of damage.
172.180  Extent of damage.
172.185  Permeability of spaces.
172.195  Survival conditions.
172.205  Local damage.

   Subpart H--Special Rules Pertaining to Great Lakes Dry Bulk Cargo 
                                 Vessels

172.215  Specific applicability.
172.220  Definitions.
172.225  Calculations.
172.230  Character of damage.
172.235  Extent of damage.
172.240  Permeability of spaces.
172.245  Survival conditions.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306, 3703, 5115; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 
CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51040, Nov. 4, 1983, unless otherwise 
noted.

[[Page 130]]



                           Subpart A--General



172.005  Applicability.

    This part applies to each vessel that carries one of the following 
cargoes in bulk:
    (a) Grain.
    (b) A cargo listed in Table 30.25-1 of this chapter.
    (c) A cargo regulated under 33 CFR part 157.
    (d) A cargo listed in Table 151.01-10(b) of this chapter.
    (e) A cargo listed in Table I of part 153 of this chapter.
    (f) A cargo listed in Table 4 of part 154 of this chapter.
    (g) Any dry bulk cargo carried in a new Great Lakes vessel.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51040, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 80-159, 51 FR 
33059, Sept. 18, 1986]



                    Subpart B--Bulk Grain [Reserved]



  Subpart C--Special Rules Pertaining to a Barge That Carries a Cargo 
              Regulated Under Subchapter D of This Chapter



Sec. 172.047  Specific applicability.

    This section applies to each tank barge that carries, in independent 
tanks described in Sec. 151.15-1(b) of this chapter, a cargo listed in 
Table 30.25-1 of this chapter that is a--
    (a) Liquefied flammable gas; or
    (b) Flammable liquid that has a Reid vapor pressure in excess of 25 
pounds per square inch (172.4 KPa).



Sec. 172.050  Damage stability.

    (a) Each tank barge is assigned a hull type number by the Commandant 
in accordance with Sec. 32.63-5 of this chapter. The requirements in 
this section are specified according to the hull type number assigned.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, each Type I 
and II barge hull must have a watertight weather deck.
    (c) If a Type I or II barge hull has an open hopper, the fully 
loaded barge must be shown by design calculations to have at least 2 
inches (50mm) of positive GM when the hopper space is flooded to the 
height of the weather deck.
    (d) When demonstrating compliance with paragaph (c) of this section, 
credit may be given for the buoyancy of the immersed portion of cargo 
tanks if the tank securing devices are shown by design calculations to 
be strong enough to hold the tanks in place when they are subjected to 
the buoyant forces resulting from the water in the hopper.
    (e) Each tank barge must be shown by design calculations to have at 
least 2 inches (50 mm) of positive GM in each condition of loading and 
operation after assuming the damage specified in paragraph (f) of this 
section is applied in the following locations:
    (1) Type I barge hull not in an integrated tow. If a Type I hull is 
required and the barge is not a box barge designed for use in an 
integrated tow, design calculations must show that the barge hull can 
survive damage at any location including on the intersection of a 
transverse and longitudinal watertight bulkhead.
    (2) Type I barge hull in an integrated tow. If a Type I hull is 
required and the barge is a box barge designed for operation in an 
integrated tow, design calculations must show that the barge can survive 
damage--
    (i) To any location on the bottom of the tank barge except on a 
transverse watertight bulkhead; and
    (ii) To any location on the side of the tank barge including on a 
transverse watertight bulkhead.
    (3) Type II hull. If a Type II hull is required, design calculations 
must show that the barge can survive damage to any location except to a 
transverse watertight bulkhead.
    (f) For the purpose of paragraph (e) of this section--
    (1) Design calculations must include both side and bottom damage, 
applied separately; and
    (2) Damage must consist of the most disabling penetration up to and 
including penetrations having the following dimensions:
    (i) Side damage must be assumed to be as follows:
    (A) Longitudinal extent--6 feet (183 centimeters).
    (B) Transverse extent--30 inches (76 centimeters).

[[Page 131]]

    (C) Vertical extent--from the baseline upward without limit.
    (ii) Bottom damage must be assumed to be 15 inches (38.1 
centimeters) from the baseline upward.



  Subpart D--Special Rules Pertaining to a Vessel That Carries a Cargo 
                     Regulated Under 33 CFR Part 157



Sec. 172.060  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each U.S. tank vessel that is required to 
comply with 33 CFR 157.21.

[CGD 90-051, 57 FR 36246, Aug. 12, 1992]



Sec. 172.065  Damage stability.

    (a) Definitions. As used in this section, Length or L means load 
line length (LLL).
    (b) Calculations. Each tank vessel must be shown by design 
calculations to meet the survival conditions in paragraph (g) of this 
section in each condition of loading and operation except as specified 
in paragraph (c) of this section, assuming the damage specified in 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (c) Conditions of loading and operation. The design calculations 
required by paragraph (b) of this section need not be done for ballast 
conditions if the vessel is not carrying oil, other than oily residues, 
in cargo tanks.
    (d) Character of damage. (1) If a tank vessel is longer than 738 
feet (225 metes) in length, design calculations must show that it can 
survive damage at any location.
    (2) If a tank vessel is longer than 492 feet (150 meters) in l 
ength, but not longer than 738 feet (225 meters), design calculations 
must show that it can survive damage at any location except the 
transverse bulkheads bounding an aft machinery space. The machinery 
space is calculated as a single floodable compartment.
    (3) If a tank vessel is 492 feet (150 meters) or less in length, 
design calculations must show that it can survive damage--
    (i) At any location between adjacent main transverse watertight 
bulkheads except to an aft machinery space;
    (ii) To a main transverse watertight bulkhead spaced closer than the 
longitudinal extent of collision penetration specified in Table 
172.065(a) from another main transverse watertight bulkhead; and
    (iii) To a main transverse watertight bulkhead or a transverse 
watertight bulkhead bounding a side tank or double bottom tank if there 
is a step or a recess in the transverse bulkhead that is longer than 10 
feet (3.05 meters) and that is located within the extent of penetration 
of assumed damage. The step formed by the after peak bulkhead and after 
peak tank top is not a step for the purpose of this regulaton.
    (e) Extent of damage. For the purpose of paragraph (b) of this 
section--
    (1) Design calculations must include both side and bottom damage, 
applied separately; and
    (2) Damage must consist of the penetrations having the dimensions 
given in Table 172.065(a) except that, if the most disabling 
penetrations would be less than the penetrations described in this 
paragraph, the smaller penetration must be assumed.
    (f) Permeability of spaces. When doing the calculations required in 
paragraph (b) of this section--
    (1) The permeability of a floodable space, other than a machinery 
space, must be as listed in Table 172.065(b);
    (2) Calculations in which a machinery space is treated as a 
floodable space must be based on an assumed machinery space permeability 
of 85%, unless the use of an assumed permeability of less than 85% is 
justified in detail; and
    (3) If a cargo tank would be penetrated under the assumed damage, 
the cargo tank must be assumed to lose all cargo and refill with salt 
water, or fresh water if the vessel operates solely on the Great Lakes, 
up to the level of the tank vessel's final equilibrium waterline.
    (g) Survival conditions. A vessel is presumed to survive assumed 
damage if it meets the following conditions in the final stage of 
flooding:
    (1) Final waterline. The final waterline, in the final condition of 
sinkage, heel, and trim, must be below the lower edge of an opening 
through which progressive flooding may take place, such

[[Page 132]]

as an air pipe, or an opening that is closed by means of a weathertight 
door or hatch cover. This opening does not include an opening closed by 
a--
    (i) Watertight manhole cover;
    (ii) Flush scuttle;
    (iii) Small watertight cargo tank hatch cover that maintains the 
high integrity of the deck;
    (iv) Class 1 door in a watertight bulkhead within the 
superstructure;
    (v) Remotely operated sliding watertight door; or
    (vi) Side scuttle of the non-opening type.
    (2) Heel angle. The maximum angle of heel must not exceed 25 
degrees, except that this angle may be increased to 30 degrees if no 
deck edge immersion occurs.
    (3) Range of stability. Through an angle of 20 degrees beyond its 
position of equilibrium after flooding, a tank vessel must meet the 
following conditions:
    (i) The righting arm curve must be positive.
    (ii) The maximum righting arm must be at least 3.94 inches (10 cm).
    (iii) Each submerged opening must be weathertight.
    (4) Progressive flooding. Pipes, ducts or tunnels within the assumed 
extent of damage must be either--
    (i) Equipped with arrangements such as stop check valves to prevent 
progressive flooding to other spaces with which they connect; or
    (ii) Assumed in the design calculations required in paragraph (b) of 
this section to permit progressive flooding to the spaces with which 
they connect.
    (h) Buoyancy of superstructure. For the purpose of paragraph (b) of 
this section, the buoyancy of any superstructure directly above the side 
damage is to be disregarded. The unflooded parts of superstructures 
beyond the extent of damage may be taken into consideration if they are 
separated from the damaged space by watertight bulkheads and no 
progressive flooding of these intact spaces takes place.

                   Table 172.065(a)--Extent of Damage                   
                          Collision Penetration                         
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  0.495L2/3 or 47.6 feet ((\1/   
                                          3\)L 2/3 or 14.5m) whichever  
                                          is shorter.                   
Transverse extent \1\ .................  B/5 or 37.74 feet (11.5m) which
                                          is shorter.                   
Vertical extent........................  From the baseline upward       
                                          without limit.                
                                                                        
Grounding Penetration at the Forward End but Excluding Any Damage Aft of
              a Point 0.3L Aft of the Forward Perpendicular             
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  0.495L 2/3 or 47.6 feet ((\1/  
                                          3\)L 2/3 or 14.5m) whichever  
                                          is shorter.                   
Transverse extent......................  B/6 or 32.81 feet (10m)        
                                          whichever is shorter but not  
                                          less than 16.41 feet (5m).    
Vertical extent from the baseline......  B/15 or 19.7 feet (6m)         
                                          whichever is shorter.         
                                                                        
        Grounding Penetration at Any Other Longitudinal Position        
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  L/10 or 16.41 feet (5m)        
                                          whichever is shorter.         
Transverse extent......................  16.41 feet (5m).               
Vertical extent from the baseline......  B/15 or 19.7 feet (6m)         
                                          whichever is shorter.         
                                                                        
\1\ Damage applied inboard from the vessel's side at right angles to the
  centerline at the level of the summer load line assigned under        
  Subchapter E of this chapter.                                         


                     Table 172.065(b)--Permeability                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Spaces and tanks                  Permeability (percent)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Storeroom spaces...........................  60.                        
Accommodation spaces.......................  95.                        
Voids......................................  95.                        
Consumable liquid tanks....................  95 or 0.\1\                
Other liquid tanks.........................  95 or 0.\2\                
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Whichever results in the more disabling condition.                  
\2\ If tanks are partially filled, the permeability must be determined  
  from the actual density and amount of liquid carried.                 



Subpart E--Special Rules Pertaining to a Barge That Carries a Hazardous 
           Liquid Regulated Under Subchapter O of This Chapter



Sec. 172.080  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each tank barge that carries a cargo listed 
in Table 151.01-10(b) of this chapter.



Sec. 172.085  Hull type.

    If a cargo listed in Table 151.05 of part 151 of this chapter is to 
be carried, the tank barge must be at least the hull type specified in 
Table 151.05 of this chapter for that cargo.



Sec. 172.087  Cargo loading assumptions.

    (a) The calculations required in this subpart must must be done for 
cargo weights and densities up to and including the maximum that is to 
be endorsed on the Certificate of Inspection

[[Page 133]]

in accordance with Sec. 151.04-1(c) of this chapter.
    (b) For each condition of loading and operation, each cargo tank 
must be assumed to have its maximum free surface.



Sec. 172.090  Intact transverse stability.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each tank 
barge must be shown by design calculations to have a righting arm curve 
with the following characteristics:
    (1) If the tank barge is in river service, the area under the 
righting arm curve must be at least 5 foot-degrees (1.52 meter-degrees) 
up to the smallest of the following angles:
    (i) The angle of maximum righting arm.
    (ii) The downflooding angle.
    (2) If the tank barge is in lakes, bays and sounds or Great Lakes 
summer service, the area under the righting arm curve must be at least 
10 foot-degrees (3.05 meter-degrees) up to the smallest of the following 
angles:
    (i) The angle of maximum righting arm.
    (ii) The downflooding angle.
    (3) If the tank barge is in ocean or Great Lakes winter service, the 
area under the righting arm curve must be at least 15 foot-degrees (4.57 
meter-degrees) up to the smallest of the following angles:
    (i) The angle of maximum righting arm.
    (ii) The downflooding angle.
    (b) If the vertical center of gravity of the cargo is below the 
weather deck at the side of the tank barge amidships, it must be shown 
by design calculations that the barge has at least the following 
metacentric height (GM) in feet (meters) in each condition of loading 
and operation:

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.025

where--
K=0.3 for river service.
K=0.4 for lakes, bays and sounds and Great Lakes summer service.
K=0.5 for ocean and Great Lakes winter service.
B=beam in feet (meters).
fe=effective freeboard in feet (meters).

    (c) The effective freeboard is given by--

                             fe=f + fa ; or

                        fe=d, whichever is less.

where--
f=the freeboard to the deck edge amidships in feet (meters).
fa=(1.25)(a/L)((2b/B)-1)(h); or
fa=h, whichever is less.
where--
a=trunk length in feet (meters).
L=LOA in feet (meters)
b=breadth of a watertight trunk in feet (meters).
B=beam of the barge in feet (meters).
h=height of a watertight trunk in feet (meters).
d=draft of the barge in feet (meters).

    (d) For the purpose of this section, downflooding angle means the 
static angle from the intersection of the vessel's centerline and 
waterline in calm water to the first opening that does not close 
watertight automatically.



Sec. 172.095  Intact longitudinal stability.

    Each tank barge must be shown by design calculations to have a 
longitudinal metacentric height (GM) in feet (meters) in each condition 
of loading and operation, at least equal to the following:

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.026

where--
L=LOA in feet (meters)
d=draft in feet (meters).



Sec. 172.100  Watertight integrity.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each Type I 
or II hopper barge hull must have a weathertight weather deck.
    (b) If a Type I or II barge hull has an open hopper, the fully 
loaded barge must be shown by design calculations to have at least 2 
inches (50 mm) of positive GM when the hopper space is flooded to the 
height of the weather deck.
    (c) When doing the calculations required by this section, credit may 
be given for the buoyancy of the immersed portion of cargo tanks if the 
tank securing devices are shown by design calculations to be strong 
enough to hold the tanks in place when they

[[Page 134]]

are subjected to the buoyant forces resulting from the water in the 
hopper.



Sec. 172.103  Damage stability.

    Each tank barge must be shown by design calculations to meet the 
survival conditions in Sec. 172.110 assuming the damage specified in 
Sec. 172.104 to the hull type specified in Table 151.05 of part 151 of 
this chapter.



Sec. 172.104  Character of damage.

    (a) Type I barge hull not in an integrated tow. If a Type I hull is 
required and the barge is not a box barge designed for use in an 
integrated tow, design calculations must show that the barge can survive 
damage at any location including the intersection of a transverse and a 
longitudinal bulkhead.
    (b) Type I barge hull in an integrated tow. If a Type I barge hull 
is required and the barge is a box barge designed for operation in an 
integrated tow, design calculations must show that the barge can survive 
damage--
    (1) At any location on the bottom of the tank barge except on a 
transverse watertight bulkhead; and
    (2) At any location on the side of the tank barge including on a 
transverse watertight bulkhead.
    (c) Type II barge hull. If a Type II hull is required, design 
calculations must show that a barge can survive damage at any location 
except on a transverse watertight bulkhead.



Sec. 172.105  Extent of damage.

    For the purpose of Sec. 172.103, design calculations must include 
both side and bottom damage, applied separately. Damage must consist of 
the most disabling penetration up to and including penetrations having 
the following dimensions:
    (a) Side damage must be assumed to be as follows:
    (1) Longitudinal extent--6 feet (183 centimeters).
    (2) Transverse extent--30 inches (76 centimeters).
    (3) Vertical extent--from the baseline upward without limit.
    (b) Bottom damage must be assumed to be 15 inches (38 centimeters) 
from the baseline upward.



Sec. 172.110  Survival conditions.

    (a) Paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section apply to a hopper barge 
and paragraphs (e) through (i) apply to all other tank barges.
    (b) A barge is presumed to survive assumed damage if it meets the 
following conditions in the final stage of flooding:
    (c) A hopper barge must not heel or trim beyond the angle at which--
    (1) The deck edge is first submerged; or
    (2) If the barge has a coaming that is at least 36 inches (91.5 
centimeters) in height, the intersection of the deck and the coaming is 
first submerged, except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section.
    (d) A hopper barge must not heel beyond the angle at which the deck 
edge is first submerged by more than ``fa'' as defined in 
Sec. 172.090(c).
    (e) Except as provided in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section, 
each tank barge must not heel beyond the angle at which--
    (1) The deck edge is first submerged; or
    (2) If the barge has one or more watertight trunks, the deck edee is 
first submerged by more than ``fa'' as defined in Sec. 172.090(c).
    (f) Except as provided in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section, a 
tank barge must not trim beyond the angle at which--
    (1) The deck edge is first submerged; or
    (2) If the barge has one or more watertight trunks, the intersection 
of the deck and the trunk is first submerged.
    (g) If a tank barge experiences simultaneous heel and trim, the trim 
requirements in paragraph (f) of this section apply only at the 
centerline.
    (h) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, in no case 
may any part of the actual cargo tank top be underwater in the final 
condition of equilibrium.
    (i) If a barge has a ``step-down'' in hull depth on either or both 
ends and all cargo tank openings are located on the higher deck level, 
the deck edge and tank top in the stepped-down area may be submerged.

[[Page 135]]



 Subpart F--Special Rules Pertaining to a Ship That Carries a Hazardous 
           Liquid Regulated Under Subchapter O of This Chapter



Sec. 172.125  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each tankship that carries a cargo listed in 
Table I of part 153 of this chapter, except that it does not apply to a 
tankship whose cargo tanks are clean and gas free.



Sec. 172.127  Definitions.

    Length or L means load line length (LLL).



Sec. 172.130  Calculations.

    (a) Except as provided in Sec. 153.7 of this chapter, each tankship 
must be shown by design calculations to meet the survival conditions in 
Sec. 172.150 in each condition of loading and operation assuming the 
damage specified in Sec. 172.133 for the hull type prescribed in part 
153 of this chapter.
    (b) If a cargo listed in Table I of part 153 of this chapter is to 
be carried, the vessel must be at least the hull type specified in part 
153 of this chapter for that cargo.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51040, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 81-101, 52 FR 
7799, Mar. 12, 1987]



Sec. 172.133  Character of damage.

    (a) If a type I hull is required, design calculations must show that 
the vessel can survive damage at any location.
    (b) Except as provided in Sec. 153.7 of this chapter, if a type II 
hull is required, design calculations must show that a vessel--
    (1) Longer than 492 feet (150 meters) in length can survive damage 
at any location; and
    (2) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, 492 feet 
(150 meters) or less in length can survive damage at any location.
    (c) If a Type III hull is required, design calculations must show 
that a vessel--
    (1) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, 410 feet 
(125 meters) in length or longer can survive damage at any location; and
    (2) Less than 410 feet (125 meters) in length can survive damage at 
any location except to an aft machinery space.
    (d) A vessel described in paragraph (b)(2) or (c)(1) of this section 
need not be designed to survive damage to a main transverse watertight 
bulkhead bounding an aft machinery space. Except as provided in 
Sec. 153.7 of this chapter, the machinery space must be calculated as a 
single floodable compartment.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51040, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 81-101, 52 FR 
7799, Mar. 12, 1987]



Sec. 172.135  Extent of damage.

    For the purpose of Sec. 172.133--
    (a) Design calculations must include both side and bottom damage, 
applied separately; and
    (b) Damage must consist of the penetrations having the dimensions 
given in Table 172.135 except that, if the most disabling penetrations 
would be less than the penetrations given in Table 172.135, the smaller 
penetration must be assumed.

                     Table 172.135--Extent of Damage                    
                          Collision Penetration                         
Longitudinal extent....................  0.495L\2/3\ or 47.6 feet ((\1/ 
                                          3\)L\2/3\ or 14.5m) whichever 
                                          is shorter.                   
Transverse extent\1\...................  B/5 or 37.74 feet (11.5m)\2\   
                                          whichever is shorter.         
Vertical extent........................  From the baseline upward       
                                          without limit.                
                                                                        
Grounding Penetration At the Forward End But Excluding Any Damage Aft of
              a Point 0.3L Aft of the Forward Perpendicular             
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  L/10.                          
Transverse extent......................  B/6 or 32.81 feet (10m)        
                                          whichever is shorter.         
   Vertical extent from the baseline     B/15 or 19.7 feet (6m)         
                 upward.                  whichever is shorter.         
                                                                        
        Grounding Penetration At Any Other Longitudinal Position        
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  L/10 or 16.41 feet (5m)        
                                          whichever is shorter.         
Transverse extent......................  16.41 feet (5m).               
   Vertical extent from the baseline     B/15 or 19.7 feet (6m)         
                 upward.                  whichever is shorter.         
                                                                        
\1\ Damage applied inboard from the vessel's side at right angles to the
  centerline at the level of the summer load line assigned under        
  Subchapter E of this chapter.                                         
\2\ B is measured amidships.                                            



Sec. 172.140  Permeability of spaces.

    (a) When doing the calculations required in Sec. 172.130, the 
permeability of a floodable space other than a machinery space must be 
as listed in Table 172.060(b).

[[Page 136]]

    (b) Calculations in which a machinery space is treated as a 
floodable space must be based on an assumed machinery space permeability 
of 0.85, unless the use of an assumed permeability of less than 0.85 is 
justified in detail.
    (c) If a cargo tank would be penetrated under the assumed damage, 
the cargo tank must be assumed to lose all cargo and refill with salt 
water up to the level of the tankship's final equilibrium waterline.



Sec. 172.150  Survival conditions.

    A tankship is presumed to survive assumed damage if it meets the 
following conditions in the final stage of flooding:
    (a) Final waterline. The final waterline, in the final condition of 
sinkage, heel, and trim, must be below the lower edge of openings such 
as air pipes and openings closed by weathertight doors or hatch covers. 
The following types of openings may be submerged when the tankship is at 
the final waterline:
    (1) Openings covered by watertight manhole covers or watertight 
flush scuttles.
    (2) Small watertight cargo tank hatch covers.
    (3) A Class 1 door in a watertight bulkhead within the 
superstructure.
    (4) Remotely operated sliding watertight doors.
    (5) Side scuttles of the non-opening type.
    (b) Heel angle. (1) Except as described in paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section, the maximum angle of heel must not exceed 15 degrees (17 
degrees if no part of the freeboard deck is immersed).
    (2) The Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center will consider on a 
case by case basis each vessel 492 feet (150 meters) or less in length 
having a final heel angle greater than 17 degrees but less than 25 
degrees.
    (c) Range of stability. Through an angle of 20 degrees beyond its 
position of equilibrium after flooding, a tankship must meet the 
following conditions:
    (1) The righting arm curve must be positive.
    (2) The maximum righting arm must be at least 3.95 inches (10 cm).
    (3) Each submerged opening must be weathertight.
    (d) Progressive flooding. Pipes, ducts or tunnels within the assumed 
extent of damage must be either--
    (1) Equipped with arrangements such as stop check valves to prevent 
progressive flooding to other spaces with which they connect; or
    (2) Assumed in the design calculations required by Sec. 172.130 to 
flood the spaces with which they connect.
    (e) Buoyancy of superstructure. The buoyancy of any superstructure 
directly above the side damage is to be disregarded. The unflooded parts 
of superstructures beyond the extent of damage may be taken into 
consideration if they are separated from the damaged space by watertight 
bulkheads and no progressive flooding of these intact spaces takes 
place.
    (f) Metacentric height. After flooding, the tankship's metacentric 
height must be at least 2 inches (50mm) when the ship is in the upright 
position.
    (g) Equalization arrangements. Flooding equalization arrangements 
requiring mechanical operation such as valves or cross-flooding lines 
may not be assumed to reduce the angle of heel. Spaces joined by ducts 
of large cross sectional area are treated as common spaces.
    (h) Intermediate stages of flooding. If an intermediate stage of 
flooding is more critical than the final stage, the tankship must be 
shown by design calculations to meet the requirements in this section in 
the intermediate stage.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51040, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34537, Sept. 7, 1988]



   Subpart G--Special Rules Pertaining to a Ship That Carries a Bulk 
       Liquefied Gas Regulated Under Subchapter O of This Chapter



Sec. 172.155  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each tankship that has on board a bulk 
liquefied gas listed in Table 4 of part 154 of this chapter as cargo, 
cargo residue, or vapor.



Sec. 172.160  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart--

[[Page 137]]

    (a) Length or L means the load line length (LLL).
    (b) MARVS means the Maximum Allowable Relief Valve Setting of a 
cargo tank.



Sec. 172.165  Intact stability calculations.

    (a) Design calculations must show that 2 inches (50mm) of positive 
metacentric height can be maintained by each tankship when it is being 
loaded and unloaded.
    (b) For the purpose of demonstrating compliance with the 
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, the effects of the 
addition of water ballast may be considered.



Sec. 172.170  Damage stability calculations.

    (a) Each tankship must be shown by design calculations to meet the 
survival conditions in Sec. 172.195 in each condition of loading and 
operation assuming the damage specified in Sec. 172.175 for the hull 
type specified in Table 4 of part 154 of this chapter.
    (b) If a cargo listed in Table 4 of part 154 of this chapter is to 
be carried, the vessel must be at least the ship type specified in Table 
4 of part 154 of this chapter for the cargo.



Sec. 172.175  Character of damage.

    (a) If a type IG hull is required, design calculations must show 
that the vessel can survive damage at any location.
    (b) If a type IIG hull is required, design calculations must show 
that a vessel--
    (1) Longer than 492 feet (150 meters) in length can survive damage 
at any location; and
    (2) 492 feet (150 meters) or less in length can survive damage at 
any location except the transverse bulkheads bounding an aft machinery 
space. The machinery space is calculated as a single floodable 
compartment.
    (c) If a vessel has independent tanks type C with a MARVS of 100 psi 
(689 kPa) gauge or greater, is 492 feet (150 meters) or less in length, 
and Table 4 of part 154 of this chapter allows a type IIPG hull, design 
calculations must show that the vessel can survive damage at any 
location, except as prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section.
    (d) If a type IIIG hull is required, except as specified in 
paragraph (e) of this section, design calculations must show that a 
vessel--
    (1) 410 feet (125 meters) in length or longer can survive damage at 
any location; and
    (2) Less than 410 feet (125 meters) in length can survive damage at 
any location, except in the main machinery space.
    (e) The calculations in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section need 
not assume damage to a transverse bulkhead unless it is spaced closer 
than the longitudinal extent of collision penetration specified in Table 
172.180 from another transverse bulkhead.
    (f) If a main transvers watertight bulkhead or transverse watertight 
bulkhead bounding a side tank or double bottom tank has a step or a 
recess that is longer than 10 feet (3.05 meters) located within the 
extent of penetration of assumed damage, the vessel must be shown by 
design calculations to survive damage to this bulkhead. The step formed 
by the after peak bulkhead and after peak tank top is not a step for the 
purpose of this regulation.



Sec. 172.180  Extent of damage.

    For the purpose of Sec. 172.170--
    (a) Design calculations must include both side and bottom damage, 
applied separately; and
    (b) Damage must consist of the penetrations having the dimensions 
given in Table 172.180 except that, if the most disabling penetrations 
would be less than the penetrations given in Table 172.180, the smaller 
penetration must be assumed.

                     Table 172.180--Extent of Damage                    
                          Collision Penetration                         
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  0.495L\2\/\3\ or 47.6 feet ((1/
                                          3)L\2\/\3\ or 14.5m) whichever
                                          is shorter.                   
Transverse extent \1\..................  B/5 or 37.74 feet (11.5m) \2\  
                                          whichever is shorter.         
Vertical extent........................  From the baseline upward       
                                          without limit.                
                                                                        
Grounding Penetration at the Forward End But Excluding Any Damage Aft of
              a Point 0.3L Aft of the Forward Perpendicular             
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  0.495L\2\/\3\ or 47.6 feet ((1/
                                          3)L\2\/\3\ or 14.5m) whichever
                                          is shorter.                   
Transverse extent......................  B/6 or 32.81 feet (10m)        
                                          whichever is shorter.         

[[Page 138]]

                                                                        
Vertical extent from the molded line of  B/15 or 6.6 feet (2m) whichever
      the shell at the centerline.        is shorter.                   
                                                                        
        Grounding Penetration At Any Other Longitudinal Position        
                                                                        
Longitudinal extent....................  L/10 or 16.41 feet (5m)        
                                          whichever is shorter.         
Transverse extent......................  B/6 or 16.41 feet (5m)         
                                          whichever is shorter.         
Vertical extent from the molded line of  B/15 or 6.6 feet (2m) whichever
      the shell at the centerline.        is shorter.                   
                                                                        
\1\ Damage applied inboard from the vessel's side at right angles to the
  centerline at the level of the summer load line assigned under        
  Subchapter E of this chapter.                                         
\2\ B is measured amidships.                                            



Sec. 172.185  Permeability of spaces.

    (a) When doing the calculations required in Sec. 172.170, the 
permeability of a floodable space other than a machinery space must be 
as listed in Table 172.060(b).
    (b) Calculations in which a machinery space is treated as a 
floodable space must be based on an assumed machinery space permeability 
of 85%, unless the use of an assumed permeability of less than 85% is 
justified in detail.
    (c) If a cargo tank would be penetrated under the assumed damage, 
the cargo tank must be assumed to lose all cargo and refill with salt 
water up to the level of the tankship's final equilibrium waterline.



Sec. 172.195  Survival conditions.

    A vessel is presumed to survive assumed damage if it meets the 
following conditions in the final stage of flooding:
    (a) Final waterline. The final waterline, in the final condition of 
sinkage, heel, and trim, must be below the lower edge of an opening 
through which progressive flooding may take place, such as an air pipe, 
or an opening that is closed by means of a weathertight door or hatch 
cover. This opening does not include an opening closed by a--
    (1) Watertight manhole cover;
    (2) Flush scuttle;
    (3) Small watertight cargo tank hatch cover that maintains the high 
integrity of the deck;
    (4) A Class 1 door in a watertight bulkhead within the 
superstructure;
    (5) Remotely operated sliding watertight door; or
    (6) A side scuttle of the non-opening type.
    (b) Heel angle. The maximum angle of heel must not exceed 30 
degrees.
    (c) Range of stability. Through an angle of 20 degrees beyond its 
position of equilibrium after flooding, a tankship must meet the 
following conditions:
    (1) The righting arm curve must be positive.
    (2) The maximum righting arm must be at least 3.94 inches (10 cm).
    (3) Each submerged opening must be weathertight.
    (d) Progressive flooding. If pipes, ducts, or tunnels are within the 
assumed extent of damage, arrangements must be made to prevent 
progressive flooding to a space that is not assumed to be flooded in the 
damaged stability calculations.
    (e) Buoyancy of superstructure. The buoyancy of any superstructure 
directly above the side damage is to be disregarded. The unflooded parts 
of superstructures beyond the extent of damage may be taken into 
consideration if they are separated from the damaged space by wartight 
bulkheads and no progressive flooding of these intact spaces takes 
place.
    (f) Metacentric height. After flooding, the tank ship's metacentric 
height must be at least 2 inches (50 mm) when the vessel is in the 
upright position.
    (g) Equalization arrangements. Equalization arrangements requiring 
mechanical aids such as valves or cross-flooding lines may not be 
considered for reducing the angle of heel. Spaces joined by ducts of 
large cross-sectional area are treated as common spaces.
    (h) Intermediate stages of flooding. If an intermediate stage of 
flooding is more critical than the final stage, the tank vessel must be 
shown by design calculations to meet the requirements in this section in 
the intermediate stage.



Sec. 172.205  Local damage.

    (a) Each tankship must be shown by design calculations to meet the 
survival conditions in paragraph (b) of this section in each condition 
of loading and operation assuming that local damage extending 30 inches 
(76 cm)

[[Page 139]]

normal to the hull shell is applied at any location in the cargo length:
    (b) The vessel is presumed to survive assumed local damage if it 
does not heel beyond the smaller of the following angles in the final 
stage of flooding:
    (1) 30 degrees.
    (2) The angle at which restoration of propulsion and steering, and 
use of the ballast system is precluded.



   Subpart H--Special Rules Pertaining to Great Lakes Dry Bulk Cargo 
                                 Vessels

    Source: CGD 80-159, 51 FR 33059, Sept. 18, 1986, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 172.215  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each new Great Lakes vessel of 1600 gross 
tons or more carrying dry cargo in bulk.



Sec. 172.220  Definitions.

    (a) As used in this subpart Length (L), Breadth (B), and Molded 
Depth (D) are as defined in Sec. 45.3 of this chapter.
    (b) As used in this part new Great Lakes Vessel means a vessel 
operating solely within the limits of the Great Lakes as defined in this 
subchapter that:
    (1) Was contracted for on or after November 17, 1986, or delivered 
on or after November 17, 1988.
    (2) Has undergone a major conversion under a contract made on or 
after November 17, 1986, or completed a major conversion on or after 
November 17, 1987.

CGD 80-159, 51 FR 33059, Sept. 18, 1986]



Sec. 172.225  Calculations.

    (a) Each vessel must be shown by design calculations to meet the 
survival conditions in Sec. 172.245 in each condition of loading and 
operation, assuming the damage specified in Sec. 172.230.
    (b) When doing the calculations required by paragraph (a) of this 
section, the virtual increase in the vertical center of gravity due to a 
liquid in a space must be determined by calculating either--
    (1) The free surface effect of the liquid with the vessel assumed 
heeled five degrees from the vertical; or
    (2) The shift of the center of gravity of the liquid by the moment 
of transference method.
    (c) In calculating the free surface effect of consumable liquids, it 
must be assumed that, for each type of liquid, at least one transverse 
pair of wing tanks or a single centerline tank has a free surface. The 
tank or combination of tanks selected must be those having the greatest 
free surface effect.
    (d) When doing the calculations required by paragraph (a) of this 
section, the buoyancy of any superstructure directly above the side 
damage must not be considered. The unflooded parts of superstructures 
beyond the extent of damage may be considered if they are separated from 
the damaged space by watertight bulkheads and no progressive flooding of 
these intact spaces takes place.



Sec. 172.230  Character of damage.

    (a) Design calculations must show that each vessel can survive 
damage--
    (1) To any location between adjacent main transverse watertight 
bulkheads;
    (2) To any location between a main transverse bulkhead and a partial 
transverse bulkhead in way of a side wing tank;
    (3) To a main or wing tank transverse watertight bulkhead spaced 
closer than the longitudinal extent of collision penetration specified 
in Table 172.235 to another main transverse watertight bulkhead; and
    (4) To a main transverse watertight bulkhead or a transverse 
watertight bulkhead bounding a side tank or double bottom tank if there 
is a step or a recess in the transverse bulkhead that is longer than 10 
feet (3.05 meters) and that is located within the extent of penetration 
of assumed damage. The step formed by the after peak bulkhead and after 
peak tank top is not a step for the purpose of this paragraph.



Sec. 172.235  Extent of damage.

    For the purpose of the calculations required in Sec. 172.225--
    (a) Design calculations must include both side and bottom damage, 
applied separately; and
    (b) Damage must consist of the penetrations having the dimensions 
given in Table 172.235 except that, if the most

[[Page 140]]

disabling penetrations would be less than the penetrations described in 
this paragraph, the smaller penetration must be assumed.

                     Table 172.235--Extent of Damage                    
                                                                        
                                                                        
                          Collision Penetration                         
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Longitudinal extent...................  0.495 L2/3 or 47.6 feet.       
                                         (1/3 L2/3 or 14.5 m), whichever
                                          is less.                      
Transverse extent......................  4 feet 2 inches (1.25 m).\1\   
Vertical extent........................  From the baseline upward       
                                          without limit.                
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Grounding Penetration Forward of a Point 0.3L Aft of the Forward    
                              Perpendicular                             
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Longitudinal..........................  0.495 L2/3 or 47.6 feet.       
                                         (1/3 L2/3 or 14.5 m), whichever
                                          is less.                      
Transverse.............................  B/6 or 32.8 feet (10 m),       
                                          whichever is less, but not    
                                          less than 16.4 feet (5 m).\1\ 
Vertical extent........................  0.75 m from the baseline.      
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Grounding Penetration at Any Other Longitudinal Position        
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Longitudinal extent...................  L/10 or 16.4 feet (5 m),       
                                          whichever is less.            
Transverse.............................  4 feet 2 inches (1.25 m).      
Vertical extent........................  2 feet 6 inches (0.75 m) from  
                                          the baseline.                 
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 \1\ Damage applied inboard from the vessel's side at right angles to   
  the centerline at the level of the summer load line assigned under    
  Subchapter E of this chapter.                                         



Sec. 172.240  Permeability of spaces.

    When doing the calculations required in Sec. 172.225,
    (a) The permeability of a floodable space, other than a machinery or 
cargo space, must be assumed as listed in Table 172.240;
    (b) Calculations in which a machinery space is treated as a 
floodable space must be based on an assumed machinery space permeability 
of 85% unless the use of an assumed permeability of less than 85% is 
justified in detail; and
    (c) Calculations in which a cargo space that is completely filled is 
considered flooded must be based on an assumed cargo space permeability 
of 60% unless the use of an assumed permeability of less than 60% is 
justified in detail. If the cargo space is not completely filled, a 
cargo space permeability of 95% must be assumed unless the use of an 
assumed permeability of less than 95% is justified in detail.

                       Table 172.240--Permeability                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          Permeability  
                   Spaces and tanks                        (percent)    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Storeroom spaces.....................................          60       
Accommodations spaces................................          95       
Voids................................................          95       
Consumable liquid tanks..............................  \1\95 or 0       
Other liquid tanks...................................  \2\95 or 0       
Cargo (completely filled)............................          60       
Cargo (empty)........................................          95       
Machinery............................................         85        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Whichever results in the more disabling condition.                   
\2\If tanks are partially filled, the permeability must be determined   
  from the actual density and amount of liquid carried.                 



Sec. 172.245  Survival conditions.

    A vessel is presumed to survive assumed damage if it meets the 
following conditions in the final stage of flooding:
    (a) Final waterline. The final waterline, in the final condition of 
sinkage, heel, and trim must be below the lower edge of an opening 
through which progressive flooding may take place, such as an air pipe, 
or an opening that is closed by means of a weathertight door or hatch 
cover. This opening does not include an opening closed by a:
    (1) Watertight manhole cover;
    (2) Flush scuttle;
    (3) Small watertight cargo tank hatch cover that maintains the high 
integrity of the deck;
    (4) Class 1 door in a watertight bulkhead;
    (5) Remotely operated sliding watertight door;
    (6) Side scuttle of the nonopening type;
    (7) Retractable inflatable seal; or
    (8) Guillotine door.
    (b) Heel angle. The maximum angle of heel must not exceed 15 
degrees, except that this angle may be increased to 17 degrees if no 
deck edge immersion occurs.
    (c) Range of stability. Through an angle of 20 degrees beyond its 
position of equilibrium after flooding, a vessel must meet the following 
conditions:
    (1) The righting arm curve must be positive.
    (2) The maximum righting arm must be at least 4 inches (10 cm).
    (3) Each submerged opening must be weathertight
    (d) Metacentric height. After flooding, the metacentric height must 
be at least 2 inches (50 mm) when the vessel is in the equilibrium 
position.

[[Page 141]]

    (e) Progressive flooding. In the design calculations required by 
Sec. 172.225, progressive flooding between spaces connected by pipes, 
ducts or tunnels must be assumed unless:
    (1) Pipes within the assumed extent of damage are equipped with 
arrangements such as stop check valves to prevent progressive flooding 
to other spaces with which they connect; and,
    (2) Progressive flooding through ducts or tunnels is protected 
against by:
    (i) Retractable inflatable seals to cargo hopper gates; or
    (ii) Guillotine doors in bulkheads in way of the conveyor belt.



PART 173--SPECIAL RULES PERTAINING TO VESSEL USE--Table of Contents




Sec.

                           Subpart A--General

173.001  Applicability.

                           Subpart B--Lifting

173.005  Specific applicability.
173.007  Location of the hook load.
173.010  Definitions.
173.020  Intact stability standards: Counterballasted and non-
          counterballasted vessels.
173.025  Additional intact stability standards: Counterballasted 
          vessels.

                         Subpart C--School Ships

173.050  Specific applicability.
173.051  Public nautical school ships.
173.052  Civilian nautical school ships.
173.053  Sailing school vessels.
173.054  Watertight subdivision and damage stability standards for new 
          sailing school vessels.
173.055  Watertight subdivision and damage stability standards for 
          existing sailing school vessels.
173.056  Collision and other watertight bulkheads.
173.057  Permitted locations for Class I watertight doors.
173.058  Double bottom requirements.
173.059  Penetrations and openings in watertight bulkheads.
173.060  Openings in the side of a vessel below the bulkhead or weather 
          deck.
173.061  Watertight integrity above the margin line.
173.062  Drainage of weather deck.
173.063  Intact stability requirements.

                    Subpart D--Oceanographic Research

173.070  Specific applicability.
173.075  Subdivision requirements.
173.080  Damage stability requirements.
173.085  General subdivision requirements.

                            Subpart E--Towing

173.090  General.
173.095  Towline pull criterion.

    Authority: 43 U.S.C. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 2113, 3306, 5115; E.O. 12234, 
45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51045, Nov. 4, 1983, unless otherwise 
noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 173.001  Applicability.

    Each vessel that is engaged in one of the following activities must 
comply with the applicable provisions of this part:
    (a) Lifting.
    (b) Training (schoolship).
    (c) Oceanographic research.
    (d) Towing.



                           Subpart B--Lifting



Sec. 173.005  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each vessel that--
    (a) Is equipped to lift cargo or other objects; and
    (b) Has a maximum heeling moment due to hook load greater than or 
equal to--

(0.67)(W)(GM)(F/B) in meter-metric tons (foot-long tons), where--
W=displacement of the vessel with the hook load included in metric 
          (long) tons.
GM=metacentric height with hook load included in meters (feet).
F=freeboard to the deck edge amidships in meters (feet).
B=beam in meters (feet).

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51045, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 173.007  Location of the hook load.

    When doing the calculations required in this subpart, the hook load 
must be considered to be located at the head of the crane.



Sec. 173.010  Definitions.

    As used in this part--

[[Page 142]]

    (a) Hook load means the weight of the object lifted by the crane.
    (b) Crane radius means the distance illustrated in Figure 173.010.
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.027
    


Sec. 173.020  Intact stability standards: Counterballasted and non-counterballasted vessels.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, each vessel 
that is not equipped to counter-ballast while lifting must be shown by 
design calculations to comply with this section in each condition of 
loading and operation and at each combination of hook load and crane 
radius.
    (b) Each vessel must have a righting arm curve with the following 
characteristics:
    (1) If the vessel operates in protected or partially protected 
waters, the area under the rightg arm curve up to the smallest of the 
following angles must be at least 10 foot-degrees (3.05 meter-degrees):
    (i) The angle corresponding to the maximum righting arm.
    (ii) The downflooding angle.
    (iii) 40 degrees.
    (2) If the vessel operates in exposed waters, the area under the 
righting arm curve up to the smallest of the following angles must be at 
least 15 foot-degrees (4.57 meter-degrees):
    (i) The angle corresponding to the maximum righting arm.
    (ii) The downflooding angle.
    (iii) 40 degrees.
    (c) If the vessel's hull proportions fall within all three of the 
following limits, in lieu of complying with paragraph (b) of this 
section, the vessel owner may demonstrate in the presence of the OCMI 
that the vessel will not heel beyond the limits specified in paragraph 
(d) of this section:
    (1) Beam to depth--3.40 to 4.75.
    (2) Length to beam--3.20 to 4.50.
    (3) Draft to depth--0.60 to 0.85.
    (d) For the purpose of paragraph (c) of this section, the following 
limits of heel apply with the vessel at its deepest operating draft:
    (1) Protected and partially protected waters and Great Lakes in 
summer--heel to main deck immersion or bilge emergence, whichever occurs 
first.
    (2) Exposed waters and Great Lakes in winter--heel permitted to one-
half of the freeboard or one-half of the draft, whichever occurs first.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51045, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 173.025  Additional intact stability standards: Counterballasted vessels.

    (a) Each vessel equipped to counterballast while lifting must be 
shown by design calculations to be able to withstand the sudden loss of 
the hook load, in each condition of loading and operation and at each 
combination of hook load and crane radius.
    (b) When doing the calculations required by this section, the hook 
load and counterballast heeling arms and vessel righting arms, as 
plotted on graph 173.025, must define areas that satisfy the following 
equation:

Area II > Area I + K

Where--

(1) K=O for operation on protected waters and 7 foot-degrees (2.13 
          meter-degrees) for operation on partially protected and 
          exposed waters.
(2) Areas I and II are shown on graph 173.025.

    (c) Each heeling arm curve must be defined by--

HA=HAO cos (T)

Where--

HA=heeling arm.
HAO=heeling arm at 0 degrees of heel.
T=angle of heel.


[[Page 143]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.028


Where--
GZ(1) is the righting arm curve at the displacement corresponding to the 
          vessel without hooking load.
GZ(2) is the righting arm curve at the displacement corresponding to the 
          vessel with hook load.
HA(1) is the heeling arm curve due to the combined heeling moments of 
          the hook load and the counterballast at the displacement with 
          hook load.
HA(2) is the heeling arm due to the counterballast at the displacement 
          without hook load.
Theta(c) is the angle of static equilibrium due to the combined hook 
          load and counterballast heeling moments.
Theta(f) is the downflooding angle on the counterballasted side of the 
          vessel.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51045, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



                         Subpart C--School Ships



Sec. 173.050  Specific applicability.

    Each nautical school ship, inspected under Subchapter R of this 
chapter, must comply with this subpart.



Sec. 173.051  Public nautical school ships.

    Each public nautical school ship must comply with--
    (a) Section 171.070(a) of this subchapter as a passenger vessel 
carrying 400 or less passengers;
    (b) Section 171.070(e) of this subchapter;
    (c) Section 171.072 of this subchapter; and
    (d) Section 171.073 of this subchapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51045, Nov. 4, 1983. Redesignated by CGD 83-005, 51 
FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986]

[[Page 144]]



Sec. 173.052  Civilian nautical school ships.

    Each civilian nautical school ship must comply with part 171 of this 
subchapter as though it were a passenger vessel. In addition to regular 
passengers, for the purpose of complying with part 171, the following 
will also count as passengers;
    (a) A student.
    (b) A cadet.
    (c) An instructor who is not also a member of the crew.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51045, Nov. 4, 1983. Redesignated by CGD 83-005, 51 
FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986]



Sec. 173.053  Sailing school vessels.

    (a) In addition to the requirements in Secs. 173.054 through 
173.063, each sailing school vessel must comply with the provisions of 
subpart A of part 171 of this subchapter.
    (b) In addition to regular passengers, for the purpose of complying 
with Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and Sec. 171.080, the following will 
also be counted as passengers:
    (1) Sailing school students.
    (2) Sailing school instructors.
    (3) Guests.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986]



Sec. 173.054  Watertight subdivision and damage stability standards for new sailing school vessels.

    (a) Each new sailing school vessel which has a mean length greater 
than 75 feet (22.8 meters) or which carries more than 30 persons must 
comply with--
    (1) Section 179.210(a) of this chapter;
    (2) Sections 171.070 through 171.073; and
    (3) Section 171.080 for Type II subdivision and damage stability.
    (b) Each new sailing school vessel which has a mean length of 75 
feet (22.8 meters) or less and carries more than 30 persons must comply 
with either--
    (1) Section 179.210(a) of this chapter and Sec. 179.220 of this 
chapter; or
    (2) Section 171.040(a)(1), Secs. 171.070 through 171.073, and 
Sec. 171.080.
    (c) Each new sailing school vessel which does not carry more than 30 
persons must have a collision bulkhead unless it has a mean length less 
than 40 feet (12.2 meters) and is certificated for protected or 
partially protected waters service only.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
946, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 173.055  Watertight subdivision and damage stability standards for existing sailing school vessels.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, an existing 
sailing school vessel which carries more than 49 persons must be fitted 
with a collision bulkhead and any additional bulkheads necessary to 
provide one compartment subdivision.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, an existing 
sailing school vessel which has a mean length greater than 65 feet (19.8 
meters), must be fitted with additional transverse watertight bulkheads 
necessary to provide one compartment subdivision, when the following 
Subdivision Numerals are exceeded:
    (1) For vessels to be operated on Exposed Waters:

       L  x  N > 4000

    (2) For vessels to be operated on Partially Protected Waters:

      L  x  N > 4500

    (3) For vessels to be operated on Protected Waters:

      L  x  N > 5000

where L is the mean length and N is the number of persons on board
    (c) An existing sailing school vessel which is required to meet a 
one compartment subdivision standard and has a mean length of 90 feet 
(27.4 meters) or less may, instead of one compartment subdivision, be 
fitted with a collision bulkhead and sufficient air tankage or other 
internal buoyancy to maintain the fully-loaded vessel afloat with 
positive stability in the flooded condition.
    (d) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, an existing 
sailing school vessel which has a mean length greater than 65 feet (19.8 
meters) must be fitted with a collision bulkhead.
    (e) On an existing sailing school vessel, operating on protected 
waters, which has a mean length of 90 feet (27.4 meters) or less with no 
other requirement for subdivision, the collision bulkhead may be 
omitted.

[[Page 145]]

    (f) An existing sailing school vessel, operating on exposed waters, 
which has a mean length of 65 feet (19.8 meters) or less and is carrying 
more than 15 persons, must be fitted with a collision bulkhead.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986]



Sec. 173.056  Collision and other watertight bulkheads.

    (a) Collision bulkheads required by this section must comply with 
the requirements in Sec. 171.085 of this subchapter.
    (b) Each sailing school vessel required to meet paragraph (a) of 
Sec. 173.054 must comply with the machinery space bulkhead requirements 
in Sec. 171.095 of this subchapter.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986]



Sec. 173.057  Permitted locations for Class I watertight doors.

    (a) Class I doors are permitted in any location on a sailing school 
vessel which has a mean length of 125 feet (38.1 meters) or less.
    (b) Class I doors fitted in accordance with Sec. 170.270 of this 
subchapter shall additionally be marked in two-inch letters ``RECLOSE 
AFTER USE'', and be provided with a remote position indicator at the 
main navigating station of the vessel.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986]



Sec. 173.058  Double bottom requirements.

    Each new sailing school vessel which has a mean length greater than 
165 feet (50.3 meters) and is certificated for exposed water service 
must comply with the double bottom requirements in Secs. 171.105 through 
171.109, inclusive, of this subchapter.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986]



Sec. 173.059  Penetrations and openings in watertight bulkheads.

    Penetrations and openings in watertight bulkheads must comply with 
the requirements in subpart E of part 171 of this subchapter or 
Secs. 179.320, 179.330, and 179.340 in subchapter T of this chapter.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
946, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 173.060  Openings in the side of a vessel below the bulkhead or weather deck.

    (a) Openings in the side of a vessel below the bulkhead or weather 
deck must comply with the requirements in subpart F of part 171 of this 
subchapter or Sec. 179.350 in subchapter T of this chapter.
    (b) In addition to the requirements in paragraph (a) of this 
section, each sailing school vessel which has a mean length greater than 
90 feet must comply with the requirements in Sec. 56.50-95 of Subchapter 
F of this chapter.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 924, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
945, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 173.061  Watertight integrity above the margin line.

    The watertight integrity of each sailing school vessel above the 
margin line must comply with the requirements in subpart G of part 171 
of this subchapter or Sec. 179.360 in subchapter T of this chapter.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 925, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
946, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20556, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 173.062  Drainage of weather deck.

    The weather deck of each sailing school vessel must be provided with 
drainage in accordance with the requirements in subpart H of part 171 of 
this subchapter or subpart D of part 178 in subchapter T of this 
chapter.

[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 925, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
946, Jan. 10, 1996]



Sec. 173.063  Intact stability requirements.

    (a) Except as provided in this section, each sailing school vessel 
must meet the intact stability requirements in Secs. 170.170, 171.050, 
and 171.055 of this chapter.
    (b) In applying the requirements in Secs. 170.170 and 171.050 of 
this subchapter, the value of ``T'' is equal to the angle of heel at 
which the deck edge is immersed or \1/3\ of the downflooding angle, 
whichever is less.
    (c) In applying the requirements of Sec. 171.055(d) (1) and (2) of 
this subchapter--
    (1) The value ``X'' is equal to 0.6 long tons/square foot (9.8 
metric tons/square meter).

[[Page 146]]

    (2) For a vessel in service on protected or partially protected 
waters, values ``Y'' and ``Z'' are determined from graphs 173.063 (a) 
and (b) and multiplied by the multiplier in graph 173.063(e).
    (3) For a vessel in service on exposed waters, ``Y'' and ``Z'' are 
determined from graphs 173.063 (c) and (d) and multiplied by the 
multiplier from graph 173.063(e).
    (4) To convert required numerals to units of ``metric tons/square 
meter,'' multiply by 10.94.
    (d) Each vessel of the open boat type that is required to comply 
with the requirements in Secs. 178.300 and 178.310 of this chapter, may 
instead comply with the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section.
    (e) In lieu of complying with the requirements of paragraph (b) of 
this section, an open boat may be provided with sufficient air tankage 
or other internal buoyancy to maintain the vessel afloat when the vessel 
is completely flooded or capsized. If foam is used to comply with this 
paragraph, it must be installed in accordance with the requirements in 
Sec. 170.245 of this subchapter.
    (f) A sailing school catamaran must meet the intact stability 
requirements in Sec. 171.057.

[[Page 147]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.029



[[Page 148]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.030



[[Page 149]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.031



[CGD 83-005, 51 FR 925, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by CGD 85-080, 61 FR 
946, Jan. 10, 1996]

[[Page 150]]



                    Subpart D--Oceanographic Research



Sec. 173.070  Specific applicability.

    Each oceanographic vessel, inspected under Subchapter U of this 
chapter, except a barge that is less than 300 gross tons, must comply 
with this subpart.



Sec. 173.075  Subdivision requirements.

    (a) Each oceanographic vessel must comply with the subdivision 
requirements in Secs. 171.070, 171.072, and 171.073 of this subchapter 
as if it were a passenger vessel carrying 400 or less passengers.
    (b) Each vessel must have a collision bulkhead.



Sec. 173.080  Damage stability requirements.

    Each oceanographic vessel must comply with Sec. 171.080 of this 
subchapter as a category Z vessel.



Sec. 173.085  General subdivision requirements.

    Each oceanographic vessel must comply with the following:
    (a) Section 171.085(c)(1), (d) and (g) of this subchapter.
    (b) Section 171.105 (a) through (g) of this subchapter except that a 
reduction or elimination of the required inner bottom is allowed if--
    (1) The inner bottom would interfere with the mission of the vessel; 
and
    (2) As a result of other design features, the ability of the vessel 
to withstand side and bottom damage is not reduced.
    (c) Section 171.106 of this subchapter.
    (d) Section 171.108 of this subchapter.
    (e) Section 171.109 of this subchapter.
    (f) Section 171.111 of this subchapter.
    (g) Section 171.113 of this subchapter.
    (h) The collision bulkhead must not be penetrated by more than one 
pipe that carries liquid to or from the forepeak tank. This pipe must 
have a screwdown valve that is--
    (1) Operative from above the bulkhead deck; and
    (2) Attached to the bulkhead inside the forepeak tank.
    (i) Section 171.116 (b), (c), and (e) of this subchapter.
    (j) Section 171.117(c) of this subchapter.
    (k) Each port light in a space located below the freeboard deck, as 
defined in Sec. 42.13-15(i) of this chapter, or in a space within an 
enclosed superstructure must be fitted with a hinged inside dead cover.
    (l) Section 171.118 (b) and (c) of this subchapter.
    (m) Section 171.122 (a) through (d) and (f) of this subchapter.
    (n) Section 171.135 of this subchapter.
    (o) A ventilation duct or forced draft duct may not penetrate a main 
transverse watertight bulkhead unless--
    (1) The penetration is watertight;
    (2) The penetration is located as near the vessel's centerline as 
possible; and
    (3) The bottmm of the duct is not more than--
    (i) 18 inches (45.7 cm) below the bulkhead deck; and
    (ii) 4 feet (121.9 cm) above the final waterline after damage 
determined in Sec. 173.080.



                            Subpart E--Towing



Sec. 173.090  General.

    This subpart applies to each vessel that is equipped for towing.



Sec. 173.095  Towline pull criterion.

    (a) In each towing condition, each vessel must be shown by design 
calculations to meet the requirements of either paragraph (b) or (c) of 
this section.
    (b) The vessel's metacentric height (GM) must be equal to or greater 
than the following:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.032

where--
N=number of propellers.
P=shaft power per shaft in horsepower (kilowatts).
D=propeller diameter in feet (meters).
s=that fraction of the propeller circle cylinder which would be 
          intercepted by the rudder if turned to 45 degrees from the 
          vessel's centerline.
h=vertical distance from propeller shaft centerline at rudder to towing 
          bitts in feet (meters).
=displacement in long tons (metric tons).
f=minimum freeboard along the length of the vessel in feet (meters).
B=molded beam in feet (meters).

[[Page 151]]

K=38 in English units.
K=13.93 in metric units.
    (c) When a heeling arm curve, calculated in accordance with 
paragraph (d) of this section, is plotted against the vessel's righting 
arm curve--
    (1) Equilibrium must be reached before the downflooding angle; and
    (2) The residual righting energy must be at least 2 foot-degrees 
(.61 meter-degrees) up to the smallest of the following angles:
    (i) The angle of maximum righting arm.
    (ii) The downflooding angle.
    (iii) 40 degrees.
    (d) The heeling arm curve specified in paragraph (c) of this section 
must be calculated by the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.033

where--
HA=heeling arm.
=angle of heel.
N, P, D, K, s, h, and  are as defined in paragraph (b) of this 
          section.

    (e) For the purpose of this section, downflooding angle means the 
static angle from the intersection of the vessel's centerline and 
waterline in calm water to the first opening that does not close 
watertight automatically.
    (f) For the purpose of this section, at each angle of heel, a 
vessel's righting arm may be calculated considering either--
    (1) The vessel is permitted to trim free until the trimming moment 
is zero; or
    (2) The vessel does not trim as it heels.



PART 174--SPECIAL RULES PERTAINING TO SPECIFIC VESSEL TYPES--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
174.005  Applicability.
174.007  Incorporation by reference.

        Subpart B--Special Rules Pertaining to Deck Cargo Barges

174.010  Specific applicability.
174.015  Intact stability.
174.020  Alternate intact stability criterion.

  Subpart C--Special Rules Pertaining to Mobile Offshore Drilling Units

174.030  Specific applicability.
174.035  Definitions.
174.040  Stability requirements: general.
174.045  Intact stability requirements.
174.050  Stability on bottom.
174.055  Calculation of wind heeling moment (Hm).
174.065  Damage stability requirements.
174.070  General damage stability assumptions.
174.075  Compartments assumed flooded: general.
174.080  Flooding on self-elevating and surface type units.
174.085  Flooding on column stabilized units.
174.090  Permeability of spaces.
174.100  Appliances for watertight and weathertight integrity.

                          Subpart D--[Reserved]

      Subpart E--Special Rules Pertaining to Tugboats and Towboats

174.140  Specific applicability.
174.145  Intact stability requirements.

                          Subpart F--[Reserved]

     Subpart G--Special Rules Pertaining to Offshore Supply Vessels

174.180  Applicability.
174.185  Intact stability.
174.190  Collision bulkhead.
174.195  Bulkheads in machinery spaces.
174.200  Damaged stability in machinery spaces.
174.205  Damaged stability in general.
174.210  Watertight doors in watertight bulkheads.
174.215  Drainage of weather deck.
174.220  Hatches and coamings.
174.225  Hull penetrations and shell connections.

            Subpart H--Special Rules Pertaining to Liftboats

174.240  Applicability.
174.245  General.
174.250  Unrestricted service.
174.255  Restricted service.
174.260  Freeboard.

      Subpart I--Hopper Dredges With Working Freeboard Assignments

174.300  Specific applicability.
174.305  Definitions.

                              Calculations

174.310  General.
174.315  Extent and character of damage.

[[Page 152]]

174.320  Damage survival.
174.325  Equalization.
174.330  Jettisoning of spoil.

                                 Design

174.335  Watertight doors.
174.340  Collision bulkhead.

         Subpart J--Special Rules Pertaining to Dry Cargo Ships

174.350  Specific applicability.
174.355  Definitions.
174.360  Calculations.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 9118, 9119, 9153; 43 U.S.C. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 
3306, 3703; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 
1.46.

    Source: CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51048, Nov. 4, 1983, unless otherwise 
noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 174.005  Applicability.

    Each of the following vessels must comply with the applicable 
provisions of this part:
    (a) Deck cargo barge.
    (b) Mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) inspected under subchapter 
IA of this chapter.
    (c) Tugboat and towboat inspected under subchapter I of this 
chapter.
    (d) Self-propelled hopper dredge having an assigned working 
freeboard.
    (e) Oceangoing ships of 500 gross tons or over, as calculated by the 
International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, designed 
primarily for the carriage of dry cargoes, including roll-on/roll-off 
ships.
    (f) [Reserved]
    (g) Offshore supply vessel inspected under subchapter L of this 
chapter.
    (h) Liftboat inspected under subchapter L of this chapter.

[CGD 95-012, 60 FR 48052, Sept. 18, 1995; 60 FR 50120, Sept. 28, 1995, 
as amended by CGD 82-004 and CGD 86-074, 60 FR 57671, Nov. 16, 1995]



Sec. 174.007  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a). To enforce any edition other than that specified 
in paragraph (b) of this section, the Coast Guard must publish notice of 
change in the Federal Register and make the material available to the 
public. All approved material is on file at the Office of the Federal 
Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC, and 
at the U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Design and Engineering Standards (G-
MSE), 2100 Second Street SW., Washington, DC 20593-0001 and is available 
from the sources indicated in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
part and the sections affected are:

            American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM F-1196, Sliding Watertight Door Assemblies, 1989............174.100
ASTM F-1197, Sliding Watertight Door Control Systems, 1989.......174.100

[CGD 88-032, 56 FR 35828, July 29, 1991, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



        Subpart B--Special Rules Pertaining to Deck Cargo Barges



Sec. 174.010  Specific applicability.

    Each barge that carries cargo above the weather deck must comply 
with this subpart.



Sec. 174.015  Intact stability.

    (a) Except as provided in Sec. 174.020, in each condition of loading 
and operation, each barge must be shown by design calculations to have 
an area under the righting arm curve up to the angle of maximum righting 
arm, the downflooding angle, or 40 degrees, whichever angle is smallest, 
equal to or greater than--
    (1) 15 foot-degrees (4.57 meter-degrees) for ocean and Great Lakes 
winter service; and
    (2) 10 foot-degrees (3.05 meter-degrees) for lakes, bays, sounds, 
and Great Lakes summer service.
    (b) For the purpose of this section, downflooding angle means the 
static angle from the intersection of the vessel's centerline and 
waterline in calm water to the first opening that does not close 
watertight automatically.

[[Page 153]]



Sec. 174.020  Alternate intact stability criterion.

    A barge need not comply with Sec. 174.015 and subparts C and E of 
part 170 of this chapter if it has the following characteristics:
    (a) The weather deck is watertight.
    (b) The barge's hull proportions fall within any one of the ratios 
in categories (A) through (D) in Table 174.020.
    (c) The maximum cargo height is 30 feet (9.25 meters) or a value 
equal to the depth of the barge amidships, whichever is less.

                              Table 174.020                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Category               Beam/depth ratio    Draft/depth ratio
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A..............................  3.00 to 3.74.......  Equal to or less  
                                                       than 0.70.       
B..............................  3.75 to 3.99.......  Equal to or less  
                                                       than 0.72.       
C..............................  4.00 to 4.49.......  Equal to or less  
                                                       than 0.76.       
D..............................  4,50 to 6.00.......  Equal to or less  
                                                       than 0.80.       
------------------------------------------------------------------------



  Subpart C--Special Rules Pertaining to Mobile Offshore Drilling Units



Sec. 174.030  Specific applicability.

    Each mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) inspected under Subchapter 
IA of this chapter must comply with this subpart.



Sec. 174.035  Definitions.

    (a) For the purpose of this subpart the following terms have the 
same definitions as given in Subchapter IA of this chapter:
    (1) Column stabilized unit.
    (2) Mobile offshore drilling unit.
    (3) Self-elevating unit.
    (4) Surface type unit.
    (b) For the purpose of this subpart--
    (1) Downflooding means the entry of seawater through any opening 
that cannot be rapidly closed watertight, into the hull, superstructure, 
or columns of an undamaged unit due to heel, trim, or submergence of the 
unit.
    (2) Downflooding angle means the static angle from the intersection 
of the unit's centerline and waterline in calm water to the first 
opening through which downflooding can occur when subjected to a wind 
heeling moment (Hm) calculated in accordance with Sec. 174.055.
    (3) Normal operating condition means a condition of a unit when 
loaded or arranged for drilling, field transit, or ocean transit.
    (4) Severe storm condition means a condition of a unit when loaded 
or arranged to withstand the passage of a severe storm.



Sec. 174.040  Stability requirements: general.

    Each unit must be designed to have at least 2 inches (50mm) of 
positive metacentric height in the upright equilibrium position for the 
full range of drafts, whether at the operating draft for navigation, 
towing, or drilling afloat, or at a temporary draft when changing 
drafts.



Sec. 174.045  Intact stability requirements.

    (a) Each unit must be designed so that the wind heeling moments (Hm) 
and righting moments calculated for each of its normal operating 
conditions and severe storm conditions, when plotted on GRAPH 174.045, 
define areas that satisfy the equation:

                  Area (A)  (K) X (Area (B))

where--
(1) K=1.4 except that if the unit is a column stabilized unit K=1.3;
(2) Area (A) is the area on GRAPH 174.045 under the righting moment 
          curve between 0 and the second intercept angle or the angle of 
          heel at which downflooding would occur, whichever angle is 
          less; and
(3) Area (B) is the area on GRAPH 174.045 under the wind heeling moment 
          curve between 0 and the second intercept angle or the angle of 
          heel at which downflooding of the unit would occur whichever 
          angle is less.

    (b) Each righting moment on graph Sec. 174.045 must be positive for 
all angles greater than 0 and less than the second intercept angle.
    (c) For the purposes of this section, openings fitted with the 
weathertight closing appliances specified in Sec. 174.100(b) are not 
considered as openings through which downflooding could occur if they 
can be rapidly closed and would not be submerged below the units' 
waterline prior to the first intercept angle, except that ventilation 
intakes and outlets for machinery

[[Page 154]]

spaces, crew spaces, and other spaces where ventilation is normally 
required are considered as openings through which downflooding could 
occur regardless of location.
    (d) Each unit must be designed so that it can be changed from each 
of its normal operating conditions to a severe storm condition within a 
minimum period of time consistent with the operating manual required in 
Sec. 109.121 of this chapter.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.034

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51048, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 83-071, 52 FR 
6979, Mar. 6, 1987]



Sec. 174.050  Stability on bottom.

    Each bottom bearing unit must be designed so that, while supported 
on the sea bottom with footings or a mat, it continually exerts a 
downward force on each footing or the mat when subjected to the forces 
of wave and current and to wind blowing at the velocities described in 
Sec. 174.055(b)(3).



Sec. 174.055  Calculation of wind heeling moment (Hm).

    (a) The wind heeling moment (Hm) of a unit in a given normal 
operating condition or severe storm condition is the sum of the 
individual wind heeling moments (H) calculated for each of the exposed 
surfaces on the unit; i.e., Hm=H.

[[Page 155]]

    (b) Each wind heeling moment (H) must be calculated using the 
equation:

                       H=k(v)2 (Ch)(Cs)(A)(h)

where--
(1) H=wind heeling moment for an exposed surface on the unit in foot-
          pounds (kilogram-meters);
(2) k=0.00338 lb./(ft.2-knots2) (0.0623 (kg-sec2)/
          m4);
(3) v=wind velocity of--
(i) 70 knots (36 meters per second) for normal operating conditions.
(ii) 100 knots (51.5 meters per second) for severe storm conditions.
(iii) 50 knots (25.8 meters per second) for damage conditions.
(4) A=projected area in square feet (squrae meters) of an exposed 
          surface on the unit;
(5) Ch=height coefficient for ``A'' from Table 174.055(a);
(6) Cs=shape coefficient for ``A'' from Table 174.055(b); and
(7) h=the vertical distance in feet (meters) from the center of lateral 
          resistance of the underwater hull to the center of wind 
          pressure on ``A''.

    (c) When calculating ``A'' in the equation described in paragraph 
(b) of this section--
    (1) The projected area of each column or leg; if the unit has 
columns or legs, must not include shielding allowances;
    (2) Each area exposed as a result of heel must be included;
    (3) The projected area of a cluster of deck houses may be used 
instead of the projected area of each individual deck house in the 
cluster; and
    (4) The projected area of open truss work may be calculated by 
taking 30% of the projected areas of both the front and back sides of 
the open truss work rather than by determining the projected area of 
each structural member of the truss work.

                                           Table 174.055(a)--Ch Values                                          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Feet                                                Meters                           
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   Ch. 
                Over                     Not exceeding               Over              Not exceeding            
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 0                             50                    0.0                    15.3            1.00
                 50                           100                    15.3                   30.5            1.10
                100                           150                    30.5                   46.0            1.20
                150                           200                    46.0                   61.0            1.30
                200                           250                    61.0                   76.0            1.37
                250                           300                    76.0                   91.5            1.43
                300                           350                    91.5                  106.5            1.48
                350                           400                   106.5            2.0................    1.52
                400                           450                   122.0                  137.0            1.56
                450                           500                   137.0                  152.5            1.60
                500                           550                   152.5                  167.5            1.63
                550                           600                   167.5                  183.0            1.67
                600                           650                   183.0                  198.0            1.70
                650                           700                   198.0                  213.5            1.72
                700                           750                   213.5                  228.5            1.75
                750                           800                   228.5                  244.0            1.77
                800                           850                   244.0                  256.0            1.79
Above 850..........................                               Above 256                                 1.80
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: The ``Ch'' value in this table, used in the equation described in section Sec.  174.055(b), corresponds to
  the value of the vertical distance in feet (meters) from the water surface at the design draft of the unit to 
  the center of area of the ``A'' value used in the equation.                                                   


                       Table 174.055(b)--Cs Values                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              Shape                                 Cs. 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cylindrical shapes...............................................    0.5
Hull (surface type)..............................................    1.0
Deckhouse........................................................    1.0
Cluster of deckhouses............................................    1.1
   Isolated structural shapes (cranes, angles, channels, beams,         
 etc.)...........................................................    1.5
Under deck areas (smooth surfaces)...............................    1.0
Under deck areas (exposed beams and girders).....................    1.3
Rig derrick (each face and open truss works).....................   1.25
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: The ``Cs'' value in this table, used in the equation described in 
  Sec.  174.055(b), corresponds to the shape of the projected ``A'' in  
  the equation.                                                         



Sec. 174.065  Damage stability requirements.

    (a) Each unit must be designed so that, while in each of its normal 
operating conditions and severe storm conditions, its final equilibrium 
waterline would remain below the lowest edge of any opening through 
which additional flooding could occur if the unit were subjected 
simultaneously to--
    (1) Damage causing flooding described in Secs. 174.075 through 
174.085; and
    (2) A wind heeling moment calculated in accordance with 
Sec. 174.055(b) using a wind velocity of 50 knots (25.8 meters per 
second).
    (b) Each unit must have a means to close off each pipe, ventilation 
system, and trunk in each compartment described in Sec. 174.080 or 
Sec. 174.085 if any portion of the pipe, ventilation system, or trunk is 
within 5 feet (1.5 meters) of the hull.



174.070  General damage stability assumptions.

    For the purpose of determining compliance with Sec. 174.065, the 
assumptions are made that during flooding and the

[[Page 156]]

resulting change in the unit's waterline--
    (a) The unit is not anchored or moored; and
    (b) No compartment on the unit is ballasted or pumped out to 
compensate for the flooding described in Secs. 174.075 through 174.085.



Sec. 174.075  Compartments assumed flooded: general.

    The individual flooding of each of the compartments described in 
Secs. 174.080 and 174.085 must be assumed for the purpose of determining 
compliance with Sec. 174.065 (a). Simultaneous flooding of more than one 
compartment must be assumed only when indicated in Secs. 174.080 and 
174.085.



Sec. 174.080  Flooding on self-elevating and surface type units.

    (a) On a surface type unit or self-elevating unit, all compartments 
within 5 feet (1.5 meters) of the hull of the unit between two adjacent 
main watertight bulkheads, the bottom shell, and the uppermost 
continuous deck or first superstructure deck where superstructures are 
fitted must be assumed to be subject to simultaneous flooding.
    (b) On the mat of a self-elevating unit, all compartments of the mat 
must be assumed to be subject to individual flooding.



Sec. 174.085  Flooding on column stabilized units.

    (a) Watertight compartments that are outboard of, or traversed by, a 
plane which connects the vertical centerlines of the columns on the 
periphery of the unit, and within 5 feet (1.5 meters) of an outer 
surface of a column or footing on the periphery of the unit, must be 
assumed to be subject to flooding as follows:
    (1) When a column is subdivided into watertight compartments by 
horizontal watertight flats, all compartments in the column within 5 
feet (1.5 meters) of the unit's waterline before damage causing flooding 
must be assumed to be subject to simultaneous flooding.
    (2) When a column is subdivided into watertight compartments by 
vertical watertight bulkheads, each two adjacent compartments must be 
assumed subject to simultaneous flooding if the distance between the 
vertical watertight bulkheads, measured at the column periphery, is 
equal to or less than one-eighth of the column perimeter at the draft 
under consideration.
    (3) When a column is subdivided into watertight compartments by 
horizontal watertight flats and vertical watertight bulkheads, those 
compartments that are within the bounds described in paragraph (a)(2) of 
this section and within 5 feet (1.5 meters) of the unit's waterline 
before damage causing flooding must be assumed to be subject to 
simultaneous flooding.
    (b) Each compartment in a footing must be assumed to be subject to 
individual flooding when any part of the compartment is within 5 feet 
(1.5 meters) of the unit's waterline before damage causing flooding.



Sec. 174.090  Permeability of spaces.

    When doing the calculations required in Sec. 174.065--
    (a) The permeability of a floodable space, other than a machinery 
space, must be as listed in Table 174.090; and
    (b) Calculations in which a machinery space is treated as a 
floodable space must be based on an assumed machinery space permeability 
of 85%, unless the use of an assumed permeability of less than 85% is 
justified in detail.

                       Table 174.090--Permeability                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Spaces and tanks                  Permeability (percent)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Storeroom spaces...........................  60.                        
Accommodation spaces.......................  95.                        
Voids......................................  95.                        
Consumable liquid tanks....................  95 or 0.\1\                
Other liquid tanks.........................  95 or 0.\2\                
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Whichever results in the more disabling condition.                  
\2\ If tanks are partially filled, the permeability must be determined  
  from the actual density and amount of liquid carried.                 



Sec. 174.100  Appliances for watertight and weathertight integrity.

    (a) Appliances to insure watertight integrity include watertight 
doors, hatches, scuttles, bolted manhole covers, or other watertight 
closures for openings in watertight decks and bulkheads.
    (b) Appliances to insure weathertight integrity include weathertight 
doors

[[Page 157]]

and hatches, closures for air pipes, ventilators, ventilation intakes 
and outlets, and closures for other openings in deckhouses and 
superstructures.
    (c) Each internal opening equipped with appliances to insure 
watertight integrity that is used intermittently during operation of the 
unit while afloat must meet the following:
    (1) Each door, hatch, and scuttle must--
    (i) Be remotely controlled from a normally manned control station, 
and be operable locally from both sides of the bulkhead; or
    (ii) If there is no means of remote control there must be an alarm 
system that signals whether the appliance is open or closed both locally 
at each appliance and in a normally manned control station.
    (2) Each closing appliance must remain watertight under the design 
water pressure of the watertight boundary of which it is a part.
    (d) Each external opening fitted with an appliance to insure 
weathertight integrity must be located so that it would not be submerged 
below the final equilibrium waterline if the unit is subjected 
simultaneously to--
    (1) Damage causing flooding described in Secs. 174.075 through 
174.085; and
    (2) A wind heeling moment calculated in accordance with Sec. 174.055 
using a wind velocity of 50 knots (25.8 meters per second).
    (e) If a unit is equipped with sliding watertight doors, each 
sliding watertight door must--
    (1) Be designed, constructed, tested, and marked in accordance with 
ASTM F-1196;
    (2) Have controls in accordance with ASTM F-1197, except that a 
remote manual means of closure, as specified in paragraphs 7.1 and 
7.5.1, and a remote mechanical indicator, as specified in paragraph 
7.5.2, will not be required; and
    (3) If installed in a subdivision bulkhead, meet Supplemental 
Requirements Nos. S1 and S3 of ASTM F-1196, unless the watertight doors 
are built in accordance with plans previously approved by the Coast 
Guard, in which case, only Supplemental Requirements Nos. S1 and S3.1.4 
of ASTM F-1196 must be met. In either case, control systems for 
watertight doors must have power supplies, power sources, installation 
tests and inspection, and additional remote operating consoles in 
accordance with Supplemental Requirements Nos. S1 through S4 of ASTM F-
1197.
    (f) Installations of sliding watertight door assemblies must be in 
accordance with the following:
    (1) Before a sliding watertight door assembly is installed in a 
vessel, the bulkhead in the vicinity of the door opening must be 
stiffened. Such bulkhead stiffeners, or deck reinforcement where flush 
deck door openings are desired, must not be less than 6 inches nor more 
than 12 inches from the door frame so that an unstiffened diaphragm of 
bulkhead plating 6 to 12 inches wide is provided completely around the 
door frame. Where such limits cannot be maintained, alternative 
installations will be considered by the Marine Safety Center. In 
determining the scantlings of these bulkhead stiffeners, the door frame 
should not be considered as contributing to the strength of the 
bulkhead. Provision must also be made to adequately support the thrust 
bearings and other equipment that may be mounted on the bulkhead or 
deck.
    (2) Sliding watertight door frames must be either bolted or welded 
watertight to the bulkhead.
    (i) If bolted, a suitable thin heat and fire resistant gasket or 
suitable compound must be used between the bulkhead and the frame for 
watertightness. The bulkhead plating shall be worked to a plane surface 
in way of the frame when mounting.
    (ii) If welded, caution must be exercised in the welding process so 
that the door frame is not distorted.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51048, Nov. 4, 1983, as amended by CGD 88-032, 56 FR 
35828, July 29, 1991]



                          Subpart D--[Reserved]



      Subpart E--Special Rules Pertaining to Tugboats and Towboats



Sec. 174.140  Specific applicability.

    Each tugboat and towboat inspected under subchapter I of this 
chapter must comply with this subpart.

[[Page 158]]



Sec. 174.145  Intact stability requirements.

    (a) In each condition of loading and operation, each vessel must be 
shown by design calculations to meet the requirements of paragraphs (b) 
through (e) of this section.
    (b) The area under each righting arm curve must be at least 16.9 
foot-degrees (5.15 meter-degrees) up to the smallest of the following 
angles:
    (1) The angle of maximum righting arm.
    (2) The downflooding angle.
    (3) 40 degrees.
    (c) The area under each righting arm curve must be at least 5.6 
foot-degrees (1.72 meter-degrees) between the angles of 30 degrees and 
40 degrees, or between 30 degrees and the downflooding angle if this 
angle is less than 40 degrees.
    (d) The maximum righting arm shall occur at a heel of at least 25 
degrees.
    (e) The righting arm curve must be positive to at least 60 degrees.
    (f) For the purpose of this section, at each angle of heel, a 
vessel's righting arm may be calculated considering either--
    (1) The vessel is permitted to trim free until the trimming moment 
is zero; or
    (2) The vessel does not trim as it heels.



                          Subpart F--[Reserved]



     Subpart G--Special Rules Pertaining to Offshore Supply Vessels

    Source: CGD 82-004 and CGD 86-074, 60 FR 57671, Nov. 16, 1995, 
unless otherwise noted.



Sec. 174.180  Applicability.

    Each offshore supply vessel (OSV), except a liftboat inspected under 
subchapter L of this chapter, must comply with this subpart.



Sec. 174.185  Intact stability.

    (a) Each OSV must be shown by design calculations to meet, under 
each condition of loading and operation, the minimal requirements for 
metacentric height (GM) in Sec. 170.170 of this chapter, and in either 
Sec. 170.173 of this chapter or paragraphs (b) through (e) of this 
section.
    (b) The area under each righting arm curve must be at least 15 foot-
degrees up to the smallest of the following angles:
    (1) The angle of maximum righting arm;
    (2) The downflooding angle; or
    (3) 40 degrees.
    (c) The downflooding angle must not be less than 20 degrees.
    (d) The righting arm curve must be positive to at least 40 degrees.
    (e) The freeboard at the stern must be equal to the freeboard 
calculated to comply with subchapter E of this chapter or to the value 
taken from Table 174.185, whichever is less.
    (f) For paragraphs (b) and (d) of this section, at each angle of 
heel an OSV's righting arm is calculated after the vessel is permitted 
to trim free until the trimming moment is zero.

             Table 174.185.--Minimal Freeboard at the Stern             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Freeboard
                          LBP (feet)                            at stern
                                                                (inches)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than 65.................................................         12
65 but less than 100.........................................         15
100 but less than 130........................................         18
130 but less than 155........................................         20
155 but less than 190........................................         22
190 but less than 230........................................         24
230 and greater..............................................         26
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 174.190  Collision bulkhead.

    (a) Each OSV must have a collision bulkhead in compliance with 
Secs. 171.085(c)(1), (d), (e)(2), and (f) of this chapter.
    (b) Penetration of the collision bulkhead by piping must be minimal, 
and, where fitted, piping must meet the requirements of Secs. 56.50-
1(b)(1) and (c) and 128.230 of this chapter.



Sec. 174.195  Bulkheads in machinery spaces.

    (a) The bulkhead in each machinery space of each OSV must be 
watertight to the bulkhead deck.
    (b) Each penetration of, and each opening in, a bulkhead in a 
machinery space must--
    (1) Be kept as high and as far inboard as practicable; and
    (2) Except as provided by Sec. 174.210 of this subpart and by 
paragraph (c) of

[[Page 159]]

this section, have means to make it watertight.
    (c) No penetration of a bulkhead in a machinery space by a 
ventilation duct need have means to make the bulkhead watertight if--
    (1) Every part of the duct is at least 30 inches from the side of 
the OSV; and
    (2) The duct is continuously watertight from the penetration to the 
main deck.
    (d) Each penetration of a bulkhead in a machinery space by piping 
must meet the design requirements for material and pressure in 
subchapter F of this chapter.



Sec. 174.200  Damaged stability in machinery spaces.

    Each OSV must be shown by design calculations to comply, under each 
condition of loading and operation, with Secs. 174.205 (c) through (f) 
of this subpart in case of damage between any two watertight bulkheads 
in each machinery space.



Sec. 174.205  Damaged stability in general.

    (a) Calculations. Each OSV carrying more then 16 offshore workers 
must be shown by design calculations to meet, under each afloat 
condition of loading and operation, the survival conditions in paragraph 
(e) of this section in case of the damage specified by paragraph (b) of 
this section.
    (b) Character of damage. For paragraph (a) of this section, design 
calculations must show that the OSV can survive damage at any place 
other than either the collision bulkhead or a transverse watertight 
bulkhead unless--
    (1) The transverse watertight bulkhead is closer than the 
longitudinal extent of damage, specified by Table 174.205(b), to the 
adjacent transverse watertight bulkhead; or
    (2) The transverse watertight bulkhead has a step or a recess, which 
must be assumed damaged, if it is both more than 10 feet in length and 
located within the transverse extent of damage specified by Table 
174.205(b) of this section.
    (c) Extent of damage. For paragraph (a) of this section, damage must 
consist of penetrations having the dimensions specified by Table 
174.205(b) of this section, except that, if the most disabling 
penetrations are smaller than the penetrations specified by the Table, 
damage must consist of the smaller penetrations.
    (d) Permeability of spaces. For paragraph (a) of this section, the 
permeability of a floodable space must be as specified by Table 
174.205(d) of this section.
    (e) Survival conditions. An OSV is presumed to survive assumed 
damage if it meets the following conditions in the final stage of 
flooding:
    (1) Final waterline. The final waterline, in the final stage of 
sinkage, heel, and trim, must be below the lower edge of an opening 
through which progressive flooding may take place, such as an air pipe, 
a tonnage opening, an opening closed by a weathertight door or hatch-
cover, or a tank vent fitted with a ball check-valve. This opening does 
not include an opening closed by a--
    (i) Watertight manhole-cover;
    (ii) Flush scuttle;
    (iii) Small hatch-cover for a watertight cargo-tank that maintains 
the high integrity of the deck;
    (iv) Watertight door in compliance with Sec. 174.210 of this 
subpart; or
    (v) Side scuttle of the non-opening type.
    (2) Angle of heel. The angle of heel must not exceed 15 degrees.
    (3) Range of stability. Through an angle of 20 degrees beyond its 
position of equilibrium after flooding, an OSV must meet the following 
conditions:
    (i) The righting arm curve must be positive.
    (ii) The righting arm must be at least 4 inches.
    (iii) Each submerged opening must be weathertight. (A tank vent 
fitted with a ball check-valve is weathertight.)
    (4) Progressive flooding. Piping, ducts, or tunnels within the 
assumed extent of damage must be either--
    (i) Equipped with arrangements, such as stop check-valves, to 
prevent progressive flooding of the spaces with which they connect; or
    (ii) Assumed in the calculations required by paragraph (a) of this 
section to permit progressive flooding of the spaces with which they 
connect.

[[Page 160]]

    (f) Buoyancy of superstructure. For paragraph (a) of this section, 
the buoyancy of any superstructure directly above the side damage must 
be considered in the most unfavorable condition.

                   Table 174.205(b).--Extent of Damage                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Collision Penetration                         
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Longitudinal extent (vessels with LBP not  .1L or 6 feet, whichever is 
          greater than 143 feet).            greater in length.         
   Longitudinal extent (vessels with LBP    10 feet + .03L.             
          greater than 143 feet).                                       
Transverse extent*........................  30 inches.                  
Vertical extent...........................  From baseline upward without
                                             limit.                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The transverse penetration applies inboard from the side of the vessel,
  at right angles to the centerline, at the level of the deepest        
  loadline.                                                             


                Table 174.205(d).--Permeability of Spaces               
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Spaces and tanks                       Permeability        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Storerooms................................  60 percent.                 
Accommodations............................  95 percent.                 
Machinery.................................  85 percent.                 
Voids and passageways.....................  95 percent.                 
Dry-bulk tanks............................  0(*) or 95 percent.         
Consumable-liquid tanks...................  0(*) or 95 percent.         
Other liquid tanks........................  0(*) 0(**) or 95 percent.   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Whichever results in the more disabling condition.                     
**If tanks are partly filled, the permeability must be determined from  
  the actual density and amount of liquid carried.                      


[CGD 82-004 and CGD 86-074, 60 FR 57671, Nov. 16, 1995; 61 FR 1035, Jan. 
11, 1996]



Sec. 174.210  Watertight doors in watertight bulkheads.

    (a) This section applies to each OSV with watertight doors in 
bulkheads made watertight in compliance with this chapter.
    (b) Except as provided by paragraph (c) of this section, each 
watertight door must comply with subpart H of part 170 of this chapter.
    (c) A Class-1 door may be installed at any place if--
    (1) The door has a quick-acting closing-device operative from both 
sides of the door;
    (2) The door is designed to withstand a head of water equivalent to 
the depth from the sill of the door to the bulkhead deck or 10 feet, 
whichever is greater; and
    (3) The OSV's pilothouse contains a visual indicator showing whether 
the door is open or closed.
    (d) Each watertight door must be marked in compliance with 
Sec. 131.893 of this chapter.
    (e) If a Class-1 door is installed, the OSV's stability letter will 
require the master to ensure that the door is always closed except when 
being used for access.



Sec. 174.215  Drainage of weather deck.

    The weather deck must have open rails to allow rapid clearing of 
water, or must have freeing ports in compliance with Sec. 42.15-70 of 
this chapter.



Sec. 174.220  Hatches and coamings.

    (a) Each hatch exposed to the weather must be watertight, except 
that the following hatches may be only weathertight:
    (1) Each hatch on a watertight trunk that extends at least 17\1/2\ 
inches above the weather deck.
    (2) Each hatch in a cabin top.
    (b) Each hatch cover must--
    (1) Have securing-devices; and
    (2) Be attached to the hatch frame or coaming by hinges, captive 
chains, or other devices to prevent its loss.
    (c) Each hatch that provides access to quarters or to accommodation 
spaces for crew members or offshore workers must be capable of being 
opened and closed from either side.
    (d) Except as provided by paragraph (e) of this section, a 
weathertight door with a permanent watertight coaming at least 15 inches 
high must be installed for each opening in a deckhouse or companionway 
that--
    (1) Gives access into the hull; and
    (2) Is in an exposed place.
    (e) If an opening in a deckhouse or companionway has a Class 1 
watertight door installed, the height of the watertight coaming need 
only accommodate the door.



Sec. 174.225  Hull penetrations and shell connections.

    Each overboard discharge and shell connection except an engine 
exhaust must comply with Secs. 56.50-95 and 128.230 of this chapter.

[[Page 161]]



            Subpart H--Special Rules Pertaining to Liftboats

    Source: CGD 82-004 and CGD 86-074, 60 FR 57673, Nov. 16, 1995, 
unless otherwise noted.



Sec. 174.240  Applicability.

    Each liftboat inspected under Subchapter L of this chapter must 
comply with this subpart.



Sec. 174.245  General.

    Each liftboat must comply with Secs. 174.210 through 174.225.



Sec. 174.250  Unrestricted service.

    Each liftboat not limited to restricted service must comply with 
Subpart C of this part in each condition of loading and operation.



Sec. 174.255  Restricted service.

    This section applies to each liftboat unable to comply with 
Sec. 174.250 and limited to restricted service as defined by 
Sec. 125.160 of this chapter.
    (a) Intact stability. (1) Each liftboat must be shown by design 
calculations to meet, under each condition of loading and operation 
afloat, the following requirements:
    (i) Those imposed by Sec. 174.045, given a ``K'' value of at least 
1.4.
    (ii) A range of positive stability of at least 10 degrees extending 
from the angle of the first intercept of the curves of righting moment 
and wind healing moment, either to the angle of the second intercept of 
those curves or to the angle of heel at which downflooding would occur, 
whichever angle is less.
    (iii) A residual righting energy of at least 5 foot-degrees between 
the angle of the first intercept of the curves of righting moment and 
wind heeling moment, either to the angle of the second intercept of 
those curves or to the angle of heel at which downflooding would occur, 
whichever angle is less.
    (2) For this section, each wind heeling moment must be calculated as 
prescribed by Sec. 174.055 of this part using winds of 60 knots for 
normal conditions of operation afloat and of 70 knots for severe-storm 
conditions of operation afloat.
    (3) For paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the initial metacentric 
height must be at least 1 foot for each leg position encountered while 
afloat including the full range of leg positions encountered while 
jacking.
    (b) Damaged stability. (1) Each liftboat must be designed so that, 
while it is in each of its normal operating conditions, its final 
equilibrium waterline will remain below the lowest edge of any opening 
through which additional flooding can occur if the liftboat is subjected 
simultaneously to--
    (i) Damage causing flooding described by paragraph (b)(4) of this 
section; and
    (ii) A wind heeling moment calculated in compliance with 
Sec. 174.055(b) using a wind speed of 50 knots.
    (2) Each liftboat must have a means of closing off each pipe, 
ventilation system, and trunk in each compartment described by paragraph 
(b)(4) of this section if any part of the pipe, ventilation system, or 
trunk is within 30 inches of the hull.
    (3) For compliance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, no 
compartment on the liftboat may be ballasted or pumped out to compensate 
for the flooding described by paragraph (b)(4) of this section.
    (4) For compliance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, each 
compartment within 30 inches of the hull, excluding the bottom of the 
liftboat, between two adjacent main watertight bulkheads and the 
uppermost continuous deck or first superstructure deck where 
superstructures are fitted must be assumed subject to simultaneous 
flooding.
    (5) In the calculations required by paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section, the permeability of a floodable space must be as listed by 
Table 174.205(b).
    (c) On-bottom stability. Each liftboat must be shown by design 
calculations to exert a continuous downward force on each footing when 
the vessel is supported on the bottom with footings and is subjected to 
the forces of waves, currents, and winds of 70 knots under normal 
conditions of operation, and winds of 100 knots under severestorm 
conditions of operation when elevated in a safe place, if this place is 
other than a harbor of safe refuge. Waves and currents must be 
appropriate for the winds and place.

[[Page 162]]



Sec. 174.260  Freeboard.

    (a) Each liftboat not required to obtain and maintain a loadline in 
compliance with subchapter E of this chapter must place markings on each 
side of the vessel amidships. These markings must each consist of a 
horizontal line 18 inches in length and 1 inch in height. The upper 
edges of the markings must be at a distance equal to the authorized 
freeboard measured vertically below the intersection of the continuation 
outwards of the upper surface of the weather deck and the outer surface 
of the shell. This distance must be at least 24 inches.
    (b) The markings required by paragraph (a) of this section may not 
be submerged in any condition of loading or operation.



      Subpart I--Hopper Dredges With Working Freeboard Assignments

    Source: CGD 76-080, 54 FR 36977, Sept. 6, 1989, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 174.300  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each self-propelled hopper dredge for which 
a working freeboard assignment is being sought under part 44, subpart C, 
of this chapter.



Sec. 174.305  Definitions.

    Hopper dredge has the same meaning as contained in Sec. 44.310 of 
this chapter.
    Length has the same meaning as contained in Sec. 42.13-15(a) of this 
chapter.
    Working freeboard has the same meaning as contained in Sec. 44.310 
of this chapter.

                              Calculations



Sec. 174.310  General.

    (a) Each hopper dredge under this subpart must be shown by design 
calculations based on the assumptions under paragraphs (b), (c), (d), 
and (e) of this section, that it meets--
    (1) The requirements in Secs. 170.170, 170.173, and 170.300 of this 
chapter in each condition of loading and operation; and
    (2) The survival conditions of Sec. 174.320 in each condition of 
loading and operation assuming the character and extent of damage 
specified in Sec. 174.315.
    (b) The calculations required by paragraph (a) of this section must 
assume:
    (1) The hoppers are full of seawater;
    (2) The permeability of flooded spaces is as provided by Table 
174.310;
    (3) The equalization provisions of Sec. 174.325; and
    (4) The jettisoning provisions of Sec. 174.330.
    (c) The calculations required by this section must take into account 
a sufficient number of loading conditions to identify the condition in 
which the vessel is least stable, including, but not limited to, the 
most severe loading condition, and the:
    (1) Specific gravity of the dredge spoil, from 1.02 up to and 
including the maximum required by paragraph (e)(1) of this section; and
    (2) Draft, up to and including the draft corresponding to the 
working freeboard for the full range of trim.
    (d) The calculations required by this section for a dredge with open 
hoppers may include spillage of spoil from the hopper resulting from 
changing the angle of heel and trim.
    (e) The following assumptions must be made when doing the 
calculations required by this section:
    (1) Dredged spoil in the hopper is a homogeneous liquid with a 
maximum specific gravity for the areas of operation.
    (2) When calculating the vessel's righting arm, it is assumed at 
each angle of heel that the vessel trims free and the trimming moment is 
zero.

             Table 174.310--Permeability of Floodable Spaces            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Spaces and tanks                       Permeability        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Storerooms................................  0.60                        
Accommodation spaces......................  0.95                        
Consumable liquid tanks...................  0.00 or 0.95--whichever     
                                             results in the more        
                                             disabling condition.       
Machinery space...........................  0.85--unless otherwise      
                                             supported by calculations. 
Cargo tanks...............................  Determined from the actual  
                                             density and amount of      
                                             liquid carried in the tank.
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 174.315   Extent and character of damage.

    (a) The calculations required by Sec. 174.310 must show that the 
dredge can survive damage at any location along the length of the vessel 
including at a

[[Page 163]]

transverse bulkhead in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The calculations required by paragraph (a) of this section must 
assume the most disabling side penetration with the damage collision 
penetration provided by Table 174.315, except that if the most disabling 
damage collision penetrations would be less than those provided by Table 
174.315, the smaller damage collision penetration must be assumed.

          Table 174.315--Extent of Damage Collision Penetration         
Longitudinal extent.......................  0.495L2/3 or 47.6 feet. [(\1/
                                             3\)(L)2/3 or 14.5 meters]  
                                             whichever is less.         
Transverse extent \1\.....................  B/5 or 37.7 feet. (11.5     
                                             meters), whichever is less.
Vertical extent...........................  From the base line upward   
                                             without limit.             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Damage applied inboard from the vessel's side at a right angle to   
  the centerline at the draft corresponding to the working freeboard    
  assigned under subchapter E of this chapter.                          



Sec. 174.320   Damage survival.

    A hopper dredge survives assumed damage if it meets the following 
conditions:
    (a) The maximum angle of heel in each stage of flooding must not 
exceed 30 degrees or the angle of downflooding whichever is less.
    (b) The final waterline, taking into account sinkage, heel, and 
trim, must be below the lowest edge of each opening through which 
progressive flooding may take place.
    (c) The righting arm curve calculated after damage must:
    (1) Have a minimum positive range of 20 degrees beyond the angle of 
equilibrium; and
    (2) Reach a height of at least 4 inches (l00mm) within the 20 degree 
positive range.
    (d) Each opening within, or partially within, the 20 degree range 
beyond the angle of equilibrium must be weathertight.
    (e) After flooding or equalization as allowed by Sec. 174.325, the 
hopper dredge's metacentric height must be at least 2 inches (50mm) when 
the dredge is in an upright position.



Sec. 174.325   Equalization.

    When doing the calculations required by Sec. 174.310 of this 
subpart--
    (a) Equalization arrangements requiring mechanical aids, such as 
valves, may not be assumed to be effective in reducing the angle of 
heel; and
    (b) Spaces joined by ducts may be assumed to be common spaces only 
if equalization takes place within 15 minutes after flooding begins.



Sec. 174.330  Jettisoning of spoil.

    (a) When doing the calculations required by Sec. 174.310 for a 
hopper dredge with bottom doors, it may be assumed that the spoil is 
jettisoned immediately after damage and that the bottom doors remain 
open if:
    (1) The bottom doors are designed so that they may be fully opened 
from:
    (i) The closed position within two minutes even if the main power 
source is lost or the bottom door actuating mechanism is damaged; and
    (ii) The navigating bridge;
    (2) The discharge area through the bottom doors is equal to or 
greater than 30 percent of the maximum cross sectional area of the 
hopper measured in a plane parallel to the waterline; and
    (3) Asymmetrical jettisoning of the spoil is impossible.
    (b) When doing the calculations required by Sec. 174.310 for a 
hopper dredge with a split hull, it may be assumed that the spoil is 
jettisoned immediately after damage if--
    (1) The hull is designed so that--
    (i) The complete separation is effected within two minutes even if 
the main power source is lost or the actuating means is damaged; and
    (ii) The actuating means can be operated from the navigating bridge;
    (2) It is shown to the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center, 
either by calculations or by operational tests, that the hulls can 
separate sufficiently to allow the dredged material to dump without 
bridging; and
    (3) Asymmetrical jettisoning of the spoil is impossible.

[[Page 164]]

                                 Design



Sec. 174.335  Watertight doors.

    (a) Each hopper dredge must have sliding watertight doors (Class 3) 
approved under Sec. 170.270 of this chapter if the sill for the door 
is--
    (1) Installed below the bulkhead deck; and
    (2) Less than 24 inches above the final waterline as shown by the 
calculations required by Sec. 174.310 in each damage condition up to and 
including the maximum amount of assumed damage.
    (b) Each hopper dredge must have sliding watertight doors (Class 3) 
approved under Sec. 170.270 of this chapter, or quick acting hinged 
watertight doors (Class 1) approved under the same subpart if the sill 
of the watertight door is--
    (1) Installed below the bulkhead deck; and
    (2) Greater than 24 inches above the final waterline as shown by the 
calculations required by Sec. 174.310 in each damage condition up to and 
including the maximum amount of assumed damage.

[CGD 76-080, 54 FR 36977, Sept. 6, 1989, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50468, Sept. 29, 1995]



Sec. 174.340  Collision bulkhead.

    Each hopper dredge must have a collision bulkhead that is located 
not less than 5 percent of the length abaft of the forward 
perpendicular.



         Subpart J--Special Rules Pertaining to Dry Cargo Ships

    Source: CGD 87-094, 58 FR 17320, Apr. 1, 1993, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 174.350  Specific applicability.

    This subpart applies to each new ship of 500 gross tons or over, as 
calculated by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of 
Ships, 1969, designed primarily for the carriage of dry cargoes, 
including roll-on/roll-off ships and integrated tug and barges (ITBs) 
when operating as a combined unit.



Sec. 174.355  Definitions.

    New ship means a ship:
    (1) For which the building contract is placed on or after February 
1, 1992; or
    (2) In the absence of a building contract, the keel of which is laid 
or which is at a similar stage of construction on or after August 1, 
1992; or
    (3) The delivery of which is on or after February 1, 1997; or
    (4) For which application for reflagging is made on or after 
February 1, 1997; or
    (5) Which has undergone a major conversion:
    (i) For which the contract is placed on or after February 1, 1992; 
or
    (ii) In the absence of a contract, the construction work of which is 
begun on or after August 1, 1992; or
    (iii) Which is completed on or after February 1, 1997.



Sec. 174.360  Calculations.

    Each ship to which this subpart applies, must meet the minimum 
standard of subdivision and damage stability required for that ship by 
the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as 
amended, chapter II-1, part B-1. Compliance with the applicable 
requirements must be demonstrated by calculations and reflected in 
information on loading restrictions, such as a maximum height of the 
center of gravity (KG) or minimum metacentric height (GM) curve that is 
part of the stability information required by Sec. 170.110 of this 
chapter and Regulation 25-8 of The International Convention for the 
Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, chapter II-1, part B-1.

[[Page 165]]

                                  INDEX

                   SUBCHAPTER S--SUBDIVISION AND STABILITY

  Editorial Note: This listing is provided for informational purposes 
only. It is compiled and kept up-to-date by the Coast Guard, Department 
of Transportation.

                                 A

                                               Part, Subpart, or Section

Addresses:
Material incorporated by reference...............................170.015
Merchant marine technical offices................................170.100
Aft peak bulkhead, passenger vessels
                                                                 171.090
Alterations
                                                     170.001(b), 170.005
Auxiliary sailing vessels:
Defined.......................................................170.055(a)
Large passenger vessels..........................................171.055
Small passenger vessels..........................................171.035
Weather criterion for.........................................170.170(c)

                                 B

Ballast, fixed. (See Fixed ballast.)
Barges:
Deck cargo...........................................Part 174, Subpart B
Definitions.........................................170.055(b), (o), (q)
Large passenger..................................................171.045
Oceanographic research...........................................173.070
Small passenger..................................................171.020
Tank. (See Tank barges.)
Weather criterion for............................................170.160
Bulk cargo vessels, special requirements for
                                                                Part 172
Buoyancy:
Air tanks.........................................171.070(d), 171.095(c)
Foam flotation material..........................................170.245
Internal..........................................171.070(d), 171.095(c)
Standards of flooding............................................171.017

                                 C

Calculations:
Samples of, in stability booklet..............................170.110(d)
Submittal of.....................................................170.090
Stability text results........................................170.175(a)
Catamarans
                                                     171.035(b), 171.057
Center of gravity:
Determination of.....................................Part 170, Subpart F
During simplified stability test...........................171.030(c)(4)
Estimated position on tank vessels...............................170.200
In stability booklet..........................................170.110(d)
Subchapter O barges...........................................172.090(b)
Tanks......................................................170.075(a)(5)
Virtual increase of..................................Part 170, Subpart I
Collision bulkhead:
Oceanographic research vessels..........................173.075, 173.085

[[Page 166]]

Passenger vessels............170.040, 171.060, 171.065, 171.070, 171.085
Consumable liquids:
Effect on stability calculations........................170.285, 170.290
In lightweight................................................170.055(i)
Cranes:
Data required....................................................170.095
Requirements for vessels with........................Part 173, Subpart B
Cross curves, required
                                                           170.090(b)(3)
Cross-flooding:
Instructions to the Master................................171.110(d)(13)
Liquefied gas carriers, system standards......................172.195(g)
Passenger vessels, system standards...........................171.080(e)
Subchapter O tankships, system standards......................172.150(g)

                                 D

Damage stability:
Liquefied gas carriers, local damage.............................172.205
Liquefied gas carriers, major damage.............................172.170
MODU's, standards for............................................174.065
Nautical school ships, standards for....................173.055, 173.080
Nuclear powered vessels, standards for...........................174.120
Oceanographic research vessels, standards for....................173.080
Oil tankers, standards for.......................................172.065
OTEC facilities, standards for...................................174.155
Passenger vessels:
Cockpits...................................................171.145(e)(3)
Types I and II...................................................171.080
Types III........................................................171.082
Well decks.................................................171.150(b)(2)
Subchapter D tank barges carrying cargoes other than oil.........172.050
Subchapter O barges, standards for...............................172.103
Subchapter O tankships, standards for............................172.133
Dangerous cargoes
                                              Part 172, Subparts E and F
Dead covers:
Oceanographic research vessels, required......................173.085(k)
Passenger vessels, required...........171.117, 171.119(a)(2), 171.122(g)
Deadweight surveys
                                                              170.175(c)
Deck cargo barges. (See Barges.)
Definitions:
Concerning a vessel..............................................170.055
General terms....................................................170.050
Pertaining to lifting............................................173.010
Pertaining to liquefied gas carriers.............................172.160
Pertaining to MODU's.............................................174.035
Pertaining to passenger vessels..................................171.010
Pertaining to Subchapter O tankships.............................172.127
Discontinuous bulkhead deck, passenger vessels
                                                              171.015(c)
Discontinuous weather deck
                                                              170.170(b)
Double bottoms, passenger vessels:
Manholes in......................................................171.108
Permeability of............................................171.066(b)(4)
Required.........................................................171.105
Watertight floors in.............................................171.109
Wells in.........................................................171.106
Downflooding:
Angle.........................................................170.055(f)
Deck cargo barges................................................174.015

[[Page 167]]

Defined (except MODU's).......................................170.055(e)
Lifting vessels...............................................173.020(b)
Liquefied gas carriers...........................................172.195
Mobile offshore drilling units (MODU's):
Considered.......................................................174.045
Defined.......................................................174.035(b)
Oil tankers...................................................170.055(f)
Sailing passenger vessels........................................171.055
Subchapter O barges..............................................172.090
Subcharter O tankships...........................................172.150
Tugboats and towboats............................................174.145
Vessels of unusual proportion and form...........................170.173
Vessels which tow................................................173.095
Draft marks
                                               170.075(a)(6), 170.180(e)
Drainage of weather decks
                                                     Part 171, Subpart H
Deck cargo barges
                                                     Part 174, Subpart B

                                 E

Equalization. (See Cross-flooding.)
Equivalent plane bulkhead, passenger vessels:
Defined.......................................................171.010(c)
Required:
Type I subdivision............................................171.067(f)
Type II subdivision...........................................171.073(c)
Equivalents
                                                                 170.010
Estimated lightweight vertical center of gravity
                                                                 170.200
Existing vessels
                                                              170.001(b)

                                 F

Ferry:
Collision bulkheads...............................171.040(d), 171.060(d)
Defined.......................................................171.010(d)
Intact stability during loading...............................171.030(g)
Fixed ballast
                                     170.055(i), 170.110(d)(14), 170.235
Floodable length:
Curves required............................................170.090(b)(4)
Defined.......................................................171.010(e)
Passenger vessels:
Simplified--small passenger vessels...........................171.043(a)
Standards, Type I................................................171.065
Standards, Type II...............................................171.070
Standards, Type III..............................................171.075
Floors, watertight--in double bottoms
                                                                 171.109
Foam flotation
                                         170.245, 171.070(d), 171.095(c)
Foreign vessels
                                                           170.001(a)(2)
Freeboard:
Allowable heeling limits, general.............170.170(a), 171.030(e)-(h)
Passenger vessels, effective.....................................171.043
Freeing ports:
Minimum Area.....................................................171.150
Required.........................................................171.135
Free surface:
Instructions concerning:
Counterballasting..........................................170.125(b)(1)
Stability booklet..........................................170.110(d)(6)
Subchapter O tank barges, assumption..........................172.087(b)

[[Page 168]]

Treatment of, general................................Part 170, Subpart I

                                 G

Grain in bulk
                                            170.098, Part 172, Subpart B
``Grandfathering''
                                                              170.001(b)

                                 H

Hazardous liquids
                                                 Part 172, Subparts E, F
Hopper barges:
Subchapter D cargoes other than oil..............................172.050
Subchapter O cargoes....................................172.100, 172.110
Hydrostatic curves (curves of form), required
                                            170.075(a)(3), 170.100(d)(4)

                                 I

Inclining experiments. (See Stability test.)
Incorporation by reference:
General..........................................................170.015
IMO Resolution A.265(VIII).....................170.135, 171.075, 171.082
MIL-P-21929B...............................................170.245(b)(9)
Intact stability:
Deck cargo barges.......................................174.015, 174.020
Large passenger vessels:
Catamarans.......................................................171.057
Passenger heel...................................................171.050
Sailing..........................................................171.055
Lifting vessels.........................................173.020, 173.025
Liquefied gas carriers...........................................172.165
Mobile offshore drilling units (MODU's)..........................174.045
Passenger vessels:
Cockpits...................................................171.145(e)(1)
Well decks.................................................171.150(b)(2)
Small passenger vessels:
General..........................................................171.030
Sailing..........................................................171.035
Subchapter O barges.....................................172.090, 172.095
Tugboats and Towboats............................................174.145
Vessels of unusual proportion and form...............170.170(d), 170.173
Weather Criterion.......................................170.160, 170.170
International voyage:
Passenger vessels:
Aft peak bulkhead required....................................171.090(a)
Defined..................................................171.010(g), (1)
Double bottoms required for...................................171.105(a)
Shaft tunnels.................................................171.100(a)
Special considerations...........................................171.068
Standards........................................................171.045
Subdivision requirements...................................170.265(d)(1)
Watertight door requirements...............................170.265(d)(1)

[[Page 169]]

                                 L

Large Passenger vessels
                                                     Part 171, Subpart C
Lifting:
Data submittal requirements......................................170.095
Operating information requirements...............................170.125
Standards............................................Part 173, Subpart B
Lightweight:
Defined.......................................................170.055(i)
Information required, stability booklet....................170.110(d)(1)
Determination of.....................................Part 170, Subpart F
Lines drawing required
                                               170.075(a)(2), 170.180(a)
Liquefied flammable gas, barges
                                                     Part 172, Subpart C
Liquefied gas carriers
                                                     Part 172, Subpart G
LNG Carriers. (See Liquefied gas carriers.)
Load line:
Certificate, stability information on.............170.110(e), 170.120(b)
Length, defined............................................170.055(h)(5)
Locks required:
Cargo space watertight doors..................................170.275(b)
Port lights below the bulkhead deck........................171.116(f)(4)

                                 M

Machinery space bulkhead, passenger vessels
                                                                 171.095
Main transverse watertight bulkhead
                                                              170.055(j)
Manholes, passenger vessels:
Double bottoms...................................................171.108
Prohibited locations..........................................171.111(h)
Margin line:
Passenger vessels:
Air tankage or internal buoyancy...........................171.070(d)(2)
Dead covers required on port lights, below....................171.117(a)
Location of......................................................171.015
Location of openings.....................................171.111(f), (g)
Openings in trunks.........................................171.113(c)(2)
Stepped bulkheads..........................................171.067(b)(3)
Submergence of........................171.017, 171.080(d)(3), 171.100(b)
Volume below.........................Tables 171.065(a), 171.066, 171.068
Volume of passenger spaces above..............................171.065(b)
Watertight integrity above...........................Part 171, Subpart G
Test head:
Form flotation material....................................170.245(b)(3)
Watertight doors..............................................170.270(b)
Military specifications, MIL-P-21929B
                                                  170.015(b), 170.245(b)
Mobile offshore drilling units (MODU's):
Operating information required...................................170.130
Stability information required................................170.110(a)
Standards for............................174.005(b), Part 174, Subpart C

                                 N

Nautical school ships, standards
                             171.001(b), 173.001(b), Part 173, Subpart C
Nuclear powered vessel, standards
                             171.001(b), 174.005(c), Part 174, Subpart D

                                 O

Oceanographic vessel, standards
                             171.001(b), 173.001(c), Part 173, Subpart D
Oil in bulk, standards for vessels carrying
                                         172.005(c), Part 172, Subpart D

[[Page 170]]

Openings:
Closed by weathertight covers:
Liquefied gas carriers...........................................172.195
Mobile offshore drilling units................................174.045(c)
Oil tankers...................................................172.065(g)
Subchapter O tankships...........................................172.150
Downflooding through:
General..................................................170.055(e), (f)
Mobile offshore drilling units....................174.035(b), 174.065(a)
Subchapter O barges...........................................172.090(d)
Sailing passenger vessels.....................................171.055(f)
Mobile offshore drilling units:
Closures for.....................................................174.100
Watertight, closed automatically..............................174.015(b)
Watertight, closed rapidly.......................................174.045
Passenger vessels:
Cockpit openings...........................................171.145(a)(2)
Collision bulkhead...............................................171.085
Effect on effective freeboard.................................171.043(b)
Special consideration, exposed weather decks..................171.122(f)
Vessel sides.........................................Part 171, Subpart F
Watertight bulkheads.................................Part 171, Subpart E
Watertight, closed automatically:
Mobile offshore drilling units................................174.015(b)
Towing vessels................................................173.095(e)
Operating manual
                                                                 170.130
OTEC facilities
                                         174.005(e), Part 174, Subpart F

                                 P

Passenger vessels, standards
                                                                Part 171
Penetrations. (See Openings.)
Permeability
Calculation of, Type I subdivision...............................171.066
Damage stability:
Liquefied gas carriers...........................................172.185
Mobile offshore drilling units...................................174.090
Oil tankers...................................................172.065(f)
Passenger vessels.............................................171.080(c)
Subchapter O tankships...........................................172.140
Defined.......................................................170.055(k)
Uniform average permeability:
Type I subdivision.........................................Table 171.068
Type II subdivision..............................................171.072
Plans:
Approval:
General.....................................Part 170, Subpart C, 170.180
Required.........................................................170.075
Specific.........................................................170.093
Submittal of............................................170.100, 170.180
Port lights
                                                                 171.116

                                 R

Repairs:
General..............................................170.001(b), 170.005
In way of fixed ballast.......................................170.235(b)
Roll stabilization tanks
                                                                 170.295

[[Page 171]]

Rudders, towline pull criterion
                                                                 173.095

                                 S

Sailing vessels:
Defined..................................................170.055(a), (1)
Intact stability standards:
Catamarans.......................................................171.057
Large passenger vessels..........................................171.055
Small passenger vessels..........................................171.035
Weather criterion.............................................170.170(c)
School ships. (See Nautical school ships.)
Shaft power, towline pull criterion
                                                                 173.095
Shaft tunnels:
On passenger vessels.................................171.100, 171.106(c)
Watertight doors in...........................................170.260(d)
Short international voyages, vessels on:
Class 3 doors..............................................170.265(d)(1)
Defined.......................................................171.010(1)
Double bottoms not required................................171.105(h)(2)
Special considerations...........................................171.068
Side ports, passenger vessels
                                                                 171.118
Sister vessel, stability test dispensed with
                                                              170.175(c)
Small passenger vessels, standards
                                                                Part 171
Stability booklets:
Contents of......................................................170.110
Lifting vessels, additional information..........................170.125
Submission and approval required.................................170.080
Vessels with Type III subdivision, additional information........170.135
Stability letters:
In lieu of stability booklet..................................170.110(e)
Required.........................................................170.120
Stability test:
General..........................................................170.175
Information required before test.................................170.085
Plans and information required at test...........................170.180
Preparations for test............................................170.185
Simplified test, small passenger vessels................171.030, 171.035
Test procedure, modification of..................................170.190
Stern tubes, passenger vessels
                                                                 171.100
Subdivision:
Nuclear powered vessels, requirements...................174.115, 174.125
Oceanographic vessels...................................173.075, 173.085
Passenger vessels:
Additional requirements..............................Part 171, Subpart D
  Calculations:
  Type I..............................171.065, 171.066, 171.067, 171.068
  Type II......................................171.070, 171.072, 171.073
  Type III.......................................................171.075
Requirements, large passenger vessels............................171.060
Requirements, small passenger vessels............................171.040
Trunks, effect of..........................................171.113(b)(3)
Subdivision load line (draft), passenger vessels:
Cockpits.................................................171.145(e), (f)
Dead cover locations..........................................171.117(b)
Deepest, defined..............................................171.010(b)
Openings in hull, small passenger vessels.....................171.119(a)
Port light locations.......................................171.116(b)(2)

[[Page 172]]

Transverse damage extent, relationship to...........171.065(h)(2), Table 
                                                              171.080(a)
Ventilators and side port locations...........................171.118(c)
Superstructures:
Buoyancy of:
Liquefied gas carriers........................................172.195(e)
Oil tankers...................................................172.065(h)
Subchapter O tankships...........................................172.150
Integrity of, mobile offshore drilling units..................174.100(b)
Points of downflooding in:
General.......................................................170.055(e)
Mobile offshore drilling units.............................174.035(b)(1)
Port lights in, oceanographic vessels.........................173.085(k)
Windage area of, small passenger vessels......................171.030(d)

                                 T

Tank barge:
Assumed center of gravity for..............................170.200(b)(2)
Carrying oil in bulk.................................Part 172, Subpart D
Carrying Subchapter D cargoes other than oil.........Part 172, Subpart C
Carrying Subchapter O cargoes........................Part 172, Subpart E
Defined.......................................................170.055(o)
Tank vessel:
Assumed center of gravity........................................170.200
Defined.......................................................170.055(n)
Standards for...........................Part 172, Subparts C, D, E, F, G
Tests:
Foam flotation material..........................................170.245
Passenger vessels:
Operational, sailing vessels..................................171.035(f)
Simplified stability test, small passenger vessels......171.030, 171.035
Stability...................................170.085, Part 170, Subpart F
Watertight doors.................................................170.270
Towboats. (See Towing.)
Towing, standards for
        173.001(d), Part 173, Subpart E, 174.005(d), Part 174, Subpart E
Towline pull criterion
                                                                 173.095
Tugboats. (See Towing.)

                                 U

Unusual proportion and form, vessels of
                                                                 170.173

                                 V

Ventilators, automatic--passenger vessels
                                                                 171.118

                                 W

Watertight bulkheads:
Doors, standards for...............171.122, 171.124, Part 170, Subpart H
Liquefied gas carriers..................................172.175, 172.195
Mobile offshore drilling units..........................174.080, 174.085
Oceanographic vessels, ducts through..........................173.085(o)
Oil tankers......................................................172.065
Passenger vessels:
Above weatherdeck................................................171.122
Large passenger vessels, requirements.........171.065, 171.067, 171.068, 
                                                        171.070, 171.073
Machinery space..................................................171.095

[[Page 173]]

Penetrations of.......................................Part 171--Subpart 
                                                                       E
Small passenger vessels, requirements...................171.040, 171.043
Watertight floors................................................171.109
Subchapter D barges not carrying oil.............................172.050
Subchapter O barges..............................................172.104
Subchapter O tankships...............................172.133(d), 172.150
Watertight doors. (See Watertight bulkheads.)
Weather criterion
                                                     Part 170, Subpart E
Wind heeling moment:
Small passenger vessels...........................171.030(d), 171.035(g)
MODU's.....174.035(b)(2), 174.045, 174.055, 174.065(a)(2), 174.100(d)(2)

[[Page 174]]



      SUBCHAPTER T--SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS)





PART 175--GENERAL PROVISIONS--Table of Contents




Sec.
175.100  Purpose.
175.110  General applicability.
175.112  Specific applicability for individual parts.
175.120  Vessels on an international voyage.
175.122  Load lines.
175.200  Gross tonnage as criterion for requirements.
175.400  Definitions of terms used in this subchapter.
175.540  Equivalents.
175.550  Special consideration.
175.560  Appeals.
175.600  Incorporation by reference.
175.800  Approved equipment and material.
175.900  OMB control numbers.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 3703; 49 U.S.C. App. 1804; 49 CFR 
1.45, 1.46; 175.900 also issued under authority of 44 U.S.C. 3507.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 175.100  Purpose.

    The purpose of this subchapter is to implement applicable sections 
of Subtitle II of Title 46, United States Code, which require the 
inspection and certification of small passenger vessels.



Sec. 175.110  General applicability.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, 
this subchapter applies to each vessel of less than 100 gross tons that 
carries more than six passengers.
    (b) A vessel of less than 100 gross tons must comply with subchapter 
K of this chapter if it is:
    (1) A vessel that carries more than 150 passengers;
    (2) A vessel with overnight accommodations for more than 49 
passengers; or
    (3) A vessel of more than 61 meters (200 feet) in length that 
carries more than six passengers.
    (c) This subchapter does not apply to:
    (1) A vessel operating exclusively on inland waters that are not 
navigable waters of the United States;
    (2) An oceanographic research vessel;
    (3) A boat forming part of a vessel's lifesaving equipment and that 
is not used for carrying passengers except in emergencies or during 
emergency drills;
    (4) A vessel of a foreign country that is a party to the 
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended 
(SOLAS), to which the United States Government is currently a party, and 
that has on board a current valid SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety 
Certificate; or
    (5) A vessel of a foreign country, whose government has inspection 
laws approximating those of the United States and that by its laws 
accords similar privileges to vessels of the United States, which has on 
board a current valid certificate of inspection, permitting the carrying 
of passengers, issued by its government.
    (d) The relationship between this subchapter and other subchapters 
pertaining to the inspection and certification of small passenger 
vessels is provided in the table below, which shows the breakpoints 
between subchapters T, K, and K' of this chapter.

                            Table 175.110(d)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Subchapter T              Subchapter K         Subchapter 1K'   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 passengers or  151-600 passengers    601      
   overnight accommodations    or overnight          passengers or      
      for 49        accommodations for    overnight          
   passengers and 61 meters (200 feet).    and 61     151     
                               meters (200 feet).    passengers or >61  
                                                     meters (200 feet). 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Vessels in this category are small passenger vessels (passenger     
  vessels less than 100 GT) but are required to comply with parts 72 and
  76 of subchapter H, parts 114, 115, 117, 121 of subchapter K, and the 
  applicable requirements of subchapters F and J.                       

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]

[[Page 175]]



Sec. 175.112  Specific applicability for individual parts.

    At the beginning of certain parts of this subchapter, a more 
specific application is given for all or particular portions of that 
part. This application sets forth the type, size, service, or age of a 
vessel to which certain portions of that part apply or particular dates 
by which an existing vessel must comply with certain portions of that 
part.



Sec. 175.120  Vessels on an international voyage.

    A mechanically propelled vessel that carries more than 12 passengers 
on an international voyage must comply with the applicable requirements 
of SOLAS, as well as this subchapter.



Sec. 175.122  Load lines.

    A vessel of 24 meters (79 feet) in length or more, the keel of which 
was laid or that was at a similar stage of construction on or after July 
21, 1968, and that is on a voyage other than a domestic voyage is 
subject to load line assignment, certification, and marking under 
suchapter E (Load Lines) of this chapter.



Sec. 175.200  Gross tonnage as criterion for requirements.

    (a) The regulations in this subchapter take into account a vessel's 
length, passenger capacity, construction, equipment, intended service, 
and operating area. The criterion for application of this subchapter is 
the gross tonnage of the vessel. When the Commandant determines that the 
gross tonnage of a particular vessel, which is attained by exemptions, 
reductions, or other devices in the basic gross tonnage formulation, 
will circumvent or be incompatible with the application of specific 
regulations for a vessel of such physical size, the Commandant will 
prescribe the regulations to be made applicable to the vessel.
    (b) When the Commandant determines that the gross tonnage is not a 
valid criterion for the use of certain regulations based on the relative 
size of the vessel, the owner will be informed of the determination and 
of the regulations applicable to the vessel. The vessel must be brought 
into compliance with all additional requirements before a Certificate of 
Inspection is issued.



Sec. 175.400  Definitions of terms used in this subchapter.

    The following terms are used in this subchapter:
    Accommodation space means a space (including a space that contains a 
microwave oven or other low heat appliance with a maximum heating 
element temperature of less than 121 deg.C (250 deg.F)) used as a:
    (1) Public space;
    (2) Hall;
    (3) Dining room and mess room;
    (4) Lounge or cafe;
    (5) Public sales room;
    (6) Overnight accommodation space;
    (7) Barber shop or beauty parlor;
    (8) Office of conference room;
    (9) Washroom or toilet space;
    (10) Medical treatment room or dispensary; or
    (11) Game or hobby room.
    Beam or B means the maximum width of a vessel from:
    (1) Outside of planking to outside of planking on wooden vessels; 
and
    (2) Outside of frame to outside of frame on all other vessels.
    Bulbous bow means a design of bow in which the forward underwater 
frames ahead of the forward perpendicular are swelled out at the 
forefoot into a bulbous formation.
    Bulkhead deck means the uppermost deck to which watertight bulkheads 
and the watertight shell extend.
    Cable means single or multiple insulated conductors with an outer 
protective jacket.
    Cargo space means a:
    (1) Cargo hold;
    (2) Refrigerated cargo space;
    (3) A trunk leading to or from a space listed above: or
    (4) A vehicle space.
    Coast Guard District Commander or District Commander means an 
officer of the Coast Guard designated as such by the Commandant to 
command Coast Guard activities within a district.
    Coastwise means a route that is not mote than 20 nautical miles 
offshore on any of the following waters:
    (1) Any ocean;
    (2) The Gulf of Mexico;
    (3) The Caribbean Sea;

[[Page 176]]

    (4) The Bering Sea;
    (5) The Gulf of Alaska; or
    (6) Such other similar waters as may be designated by a Coast Guard 
District Commander.
    Cockpit vessel means a vessel with an exposed recess in the weather 
deck extending not more than one-half of the length of the vessel 
measured over the weather deck.
    Cold water means water where the monthly mean low water temperature 
is normally 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit or less.
    Commandant means the Commandant of the Coast Guard or an authorized 
Headquarters staff officer designated in Sec. 1.01 of this chapter.;
    Consideration means an economic benefit, inducement, right, or 
profit including pecuniary payment accruing to an individual, person, or 
entity, but not including a voluntary sharing of the actual expenses of 
the voyage, by monetary contribution or donation of fuel, food, 
beverage, or other supplies.
    Corrosion-resistant material or corrosion-resistant means made of 
one of the following materials in a grade suitable for its intended use 
in a marine environment:
    (1) Silver;
    (2) Cooper;
    (3) Brass;
    (4) Bronze;
    (5) Aluminum alloys with a copper content of no more than 0.4 
percent;
    (6) Cooper-nickel;
    (7) Plastics;
    (8) Stainless steel;
    (9) Nickel-copper; or
    (10) A material, which when tested in accordance with ASTM B-117 for 
200 hours, does not show pitting, cracking, or other deterioration.
    Crew accommodation space means an accommodation space designated for 
the use of crew members and that passengers are normally not allowed to 
occupy.;
    Custom engineered means, when referring to a fixed gas fire 
extinguishing system, a system that is designed for a specific space 
requiring individual calculations for the extinguishing agent volume, 
flow rate, piping, and similar factors for the space.
    Dead cover means a metal cover to close or protect a port light to 
avoid glass breakage in case of heavy weather.
    Distribution panel means an electrical panel that receives energy 
from the switchboard and distributes the energy to energy consuming 
devices or other panels.;
    Draft means the vertical distance from the molded baseline of a 
vessel amidships to the waterline.;
    Dripproof means enclosed equipment so constructed or protected that 
falling drops of liquid or solid particles striking the enclosure at any 
angle from 0 to 15 degrees downward from the vertical do not interfere 
with the operation of the equipment. A National Electrical Manufacturers 
Association type 1 enclosure with a dripshield is considered to be 
dripproof.
    Embarkation station means the place on the vessel from which a 
survival craft is boarded.
    Enclosed space means a compartment that is not exposed to the 
atmosphere when all access and ventilation closures are secured.
    Existing vessel means a vessel that is not a new vessel.
    Exposed waters is a term used in connection with stability criteria 
and means:
    (1) Waters, except the Great Lakes, more than 20 nautical miles from 
a harbor of safe refuge;
    (2) Those portions of the Great Lakes more than 20 nautical miles 
from a harbor of safe refuge from October 1 of one year through April 15 
of the next year (winter season); and
    (3) Those waters less than 20 nautical miles from a harbor of safe 
refuge that the cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, 
determines are not partially protected waters or protected waters 
because they present special hazards due to weather or other 
circumstances.
    Ferry means a vessel that:
    (1) Operates in other than ocean or coastwide service;
    (2) Has provisions only for deck passengers or vehicles, or both;
    (3) Operates on a short run on a frequent schedule between two 
points over the most direct water route; and
    (4) Offers a public service of a type normally attributed to a 
bridge or tunnel.

[[Page 177]]

    Fiber reinforced plastic means plastics reinforced with fibers or 
strands of some other material.
    Flash point means the temperature at which a liquid gives off a 
flammable vapor when heated using the Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester 
method in accordance with ASTM D-93.
    Float-free launching or arrangement means that method of launching a 
survival craft whereby the survival craft is automatically released from 
a sinking vessel and is ready for use.
    Flush deck vessel means a vessel with a continuous weather deck 
located at the uppermost sheer line of the hull.
    Freeing port means any direct opening through the vessel's bulwark 
or hull to quickly drain overboard water that has been shipped on 
exposed decks.
    Galley means a space containing appliances with cooking surfaces 
that may exceed 121 deg. C (250 deg. F), such as ovens, griddles, and 
deep fat fryers.
    Great Lakes means a route on the waters of any of the Great Lakes, 
except that for the purposes of parts 178 and 179 of this subchapter, 
``Great Lakes'' means both the waters of the Great Lakes and of the St. 
Lawrence River as far east as a straight line drawn from Cap de Rosiers 
to West Point, Anticosti Island, and west of a line along the 63rd 
meridian from Anticosti Island to the north shore of the St. Lawrence 
River.
    Gross tonnage and gross tons is an indicator of a vessel's 
approximate volume as determined in accordance with part 69 (Measurement 
of Vessels) of this chapter and recorded on the vessel's Tonnage 
Certificate (formerly Certificate of Admeasurement).
    Harbor of safe refuge means a port, inlet, or other body of water 
normally sheltered from heavy seas by land and in which a vessel can 
navigate and safely moor. The suitability of a location as a harbor of 
safe refuge shall be determined by the cognizant Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, and varies for each vessel, dependent on the vessel's 
size, maneuverability, and mooring gear.
    Hazardous condition means any condition that could adversely affect 
the safety of any vessel, bridge, structure or shore area or the 
environmental quality of any port, harbor, or navigable water of the 
United States. This condition could include but is not limited to, fire, 
explosion, grounding, leaking, damage, illness of a person on board, or 
a manning shortage.
    High seas means all waters that are neither territorial seas (the 
waters in a belt 3 nautical miles wide, that is adjacent to the coast 
and seaward of the territorial sea baseline) nor internal waters of the 
Untied States or of any foreign country.
    High speed craft means a craft that is operable on or above the 
water and that has characteristics so different from those of 
conventional displacement ships, to which the existing international 
conventions, particularly SOLAS, apply, that alternative measures should 
be used to achieve an equivalent level of safety. Within the 
aforementioned generality, a craft that complies with the following 
characteristics would be considered a high speed craft:
    The craft is capable of a maximum speed equal to or exceeding: V = 
3.7  x  Displ .1667
    Where V is the maximum speed and Displ is the vessel displacement 
corresponding to the design waterline in cubic meters.
    Independent laboratory means a laboratory accepted under part 159, 
Subpart 159.010 of this chapter.
    Inflatable survival craft or ``inflatable life jacket'' means one 
that depends upon nonrigid, gas-filled chambers for buoyancy, and which 
is normally kept uninflated until ready to use.
    International voyage means a voyage between a country to which SOLAS 
applies and a port outside that country. A country, as used in this 
definition, includes every territory for the international relations of 
which a contracting government to the convention is responsible or for 
which the United Nations is the administering authority. For the U.S., 
the term ``territory'' includes the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, all 
possessions of the United States, and all lands held by the United 
States under a protectorate or mandate. For the purposes of this 
subchapter, vessels are not considered as being on an ``international 
voyage'' when solely navigating the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence 
River as far east as a straight line drawn from

[[Page 178]]

Cap des Rosiers to West Point, Anticosti Island and, on the north side 
of Anticosti Island, the 63rd meridian.
    Lakes, bays, and sounds means a route on any of the following 
waters:
    (1) A lake other than the Great Lakes;
    (2) A bay;
    (3) A sound; or
    (4) Such other similar waters as may be designated by a Coast Guard 
District Commander.
    Launching appliance means a device for transferring a survival craft 
or rescue boat from its stowed position safely to the water. For a 
launching appliance using a davit, the term includes the davit, winch, 
and falls.
    Length when used in terms of the vessel's length (excluding bow 
sprits, bumpkins, rudders, outboard motor brackets, handles, and other 
similar fittings, attachments, and extensions), means:
    (1) The length listed on the vessel's Certificate of Documentation 
issued under the provisions of part 67 (Documentation of Vessels) of 
this chapter or Certificate of Number issued under the provisions of 33 
CFR part 173, subpart B (Numbering); or
    (2) For a vessel that does not have a Certificate of Documentation 
or a Certificate of Number, the ``registered length'' as defined in 
Sec. 69.53 in subchapter G of this chapter or, for a vessel that is less 
than 24 meters (79 feet) in overall length and is measured using 
simplified admeasurement, the registered length as defined in 
Sec. 69.203 in subchapter G of this chapter; or
    (3) For the purposes of part 179 in subchapter S, the ``length'' of 
a vessel with a bulbous bow means the larger of the length as defined in 
the first paragraph of this definition or the straight line horizontal 
measurement from the forwardmost tip of the bulbous bow to the aftermost 
part of the vessel measured parallel to the centerline.
    Length between perpendiculars or LBP means the horizontal distance 
measured between perpendiculars taken at the forwardmost and aftermost 
points on the waterline corresponding to the deepest operating draft.
    Limited coastwise means a route that is not more than 20 nautical 
miles from a harbor of safe refuge.
    Machinery space means a space including a trunk, alleyway, stairway, 
or duct to such a space, that contains:
    (1) Propulsion machinery of any type;
    (2) Steam or internal combustion machinery:
    (3) Oil transfer equipment;
    (4) Electrical motors of more than 10 hp;
    (5) Refrigeration equipment;
    (6) One or more oil-fired boilers or heaters; or
    (7) Electrical generating machinery.
    Main transverse watertight bulkhead means a transverse bulkhead that 
must be maintained watertight in order for the vessel to meet the damage 
stability and subdivision requirements of this subchapter.
    Major conversion means a conversion of a vessel that, as determined 
by the Commandant:
    (1) Substantially changes the dimensions or carrying capacity of the 
vessel:
    (2) Changes the type of vessel;
    (3) Substantially prolongs the life of the vessel; or
    (4) Otherwise so changes the vessel that it is essentially a new 
vessel.
    Marine inspector or inspector means any civilian employee or 
military member of the Coast Guard assigned by an Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, or the Commandant to perform duties with respect to 
the inspection, enforcement, and administration of vessel safety and 
navigation laws and regulations.
    Master means the individual having command of the vessel and who is 
the holder of a valid license that authorized the individual to serve as 
master of a smaller passenger vessel.
    Means of escape means a continuous and unobstructed way of exit 
travel from any point in a vessel to an embarkation station. A means of 
escape can be both vertical and horizontal, and includes doorways, 
passageways, stairtowers, stairways, and public spaces. Cargo spaces, 
machinery spaces, auxiliary machinery spaces, rest rooms, hazardous 
areas determined by the cognizant OCMI, escalators, and elevators must 
not be any part of a means of escape. It consists of three distinct 
components.
    (1) The exit access;

[[Page 179]]

    (2) The exit; and
    (3) The exit discharge.
    New vessel means a vessel:
    (1) The initial construction of which began on or after March 11, 
1996;
    (2) Which was issued an initial Certificate of Inspection on or 
after September 11, 1996.
    (3) Which underwent a major conversion that was initiated on or 
after March 11, 1996; or
    (4) Which underwent a major conversion that was completed and for 
which an amended Certificate of Inspection was issued on or after 
September 11, 1996.
    Noncombustible material means any material approved in accordance 
with Sec. 164.009 in subchapter Q, of this chapter or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    Non-self-propelled vessel means a vessel that does not have 
installed means of propulsion, including propulsive machinery, masts, 
spars, or sails.
    Oceans means a route that is more than 20 nautical miles offshore on 
any of the following waters:
    (1) Any ocean;
    (2) The Gulf of Mexico;
    (3) The Caribbean Sea;
    (4) The Bering Sea;
    (5) The Gulf of Alaska; or
    (6) Such other similar waters as may be designated by a Coast Guard 
District Commander.
    Officer In Charge, Marine Inspection, or OCMI means an officer of 
the Coast Guard designated as such by the Commandant and who, under the 
direction of the Coast Guard District Commander, is in charge of a 
marine inspection zone, described in part 1 of this chapter, for the 
performance of duties with respect to the inspection, enforcement, and 
administration of vessel safety and navigation laws and regulations. The 
``cognizant OCMI'' is the OCMI that has immediate jurisdiction over a 
vessel for the purpose of performing the duties previously described.
    Open boat means a vessel not protected from entry of water by means 
of a complete weathertight deck, or by a combination of a partial 
weathertight deck and superstructure that is structurally suitable for 
the waters upon which the vessel operates.
    Open deck means a deck that is permanently open to the weather on 
one or more sides and, if covered, any spot on the overhead is less than 
4.5 meters (15 feet) from the nearest opening to the weather.
    Open to the atmosphere means a compartment that has at least 9,375 
square millimeters (15 square inches) of open area directly exposed to 
the atmosphere for each cubic meter (foot) of net compartment volume.
    Operating station means the principal steering station on the vessel 
from which the individual on duty normally navigates the vessel.
    Overnight accommodations or overnight accommodation space means an 
accommodation space for use by passengers or by crew members, which has 
one or more berths, including beds or bunks, for passengers or crew 
members to rest for extended periods. Staterooms, cabins, and berthing 
areas are normally overnight accommodation spaces. Overnight 
accommodations do not include spaces that contain only seats, including 
reclining seats.
    Partially enclosed space means a compartment that is neither open to 
the atmosphere nor an enclosed space.
    Partially protected waters is a term used in connection with 
stability criteria and means:
    (1) Waters not more than 20 nautical miles from the mouth of a 
harbor of safe refuge, unless determined by the cognizant OCMI to be 
exposed waters;
    (2) Those portions of rivers, estuaries, harbors, lakes, and similar 
waters that the cognizant OCMI determines not to be protected waters; 
and
    (3) Waters of the Great Lakes from April 16 through September 30 of 
the same year (summer season).
    Passenger means an individual carried on a vessel, except:
    (1) The owner or an individual representative of the owner, or in 
the case of a vessel under charter, an individual charterer or 
individual representative of the charterer;
    (2) The master; or
    (3) A member of the crew engaged in the business of the vessel who 
has not contributed consideration for carriage and who is paid for on 
board services.

[[Page 180]]

    Passenger accommodation space means an accommodation space 
designated for the use of passengers.
    Passenger for hire means a passenger for whom consideration is 
contributed as a condition of carriage on the vessel, whether directly 
or indirectly flowing to the owner, charterer, operator, agent, or any 
other person having an interest in the vessel.
    Pilothouse control means that controls to start and stop the engines 
and control the direction and speed of the propeller of the vessel are 
located at the operating station.
    Piping system includes piping, fittings, and appurtenances as 
described in Sec. 56.07-5 in subchapter F of this chapter.
    Port light means a hinged glass window, generally circular, in a 
vessel's side or deckhouse for light and ventilation.
    Protected waters is a term used in connection with stability 
criteria and means sheltered waters presenting no special hazards such 
as most rivers, harbors, and lakes, and that is not determined to be 
exposed waters or partially protected waters by the cognizant OCMI.
    Pre-engineered means, when referring to a fixed gas fire 
extinguishing system, a system that is designed and tested to be 
suitable for installation without modification as a complete unit in a 
space of a set volume, regardless of the specific design of the vessel 
on which it is installed.
    Rivers means a route on any of the following waters:
    (1) A river;
    (2) A canal; or
    (3) Such other similar waters as may be designated by a Coast Guard 
District Commander.
    Sailing vessel means a vessel principally equipped for propulsion by 
sail even if the vessel has an auxiliary means of propulsion.
    Scantlings means the dimensions of all structural parts such as 
frames, girders, and plating, used in building a vessel.
    Scupper means a pipe or tube of at least 30 millimeters (1.25 
inches) in diameter leading down from a deck or sole and through the 
hull to drain water overboard.
    Self-bailing cockpit means a cockpit, with watertight sides and 
floor (sole), which is designed to free itself of water by gravity 
drainage through scuppers.
    Ship's service loads means services necessary for maintaining the 
vessel in normal operational and habitable conditions. These loads 
include, but are not limited to, safety, lighting, ventilation, 
navigational, and communications loads.
    Short international voyage means an international voyage where:
    (1) The vessel is not more than 200 nautical miles from a port or 
place in which the passengers and crew could be placed in safety; and
    (2) The total distance between the last port of call in the country 
in which the voyage began and the final port of destination does not 
exceed 600 nautical miles.
    Stairway means an inclined means of escape between two decks.
    Steel or equivalent material means steel or any noncombustible 
material that, by itself or due to insulation provided, has structural 
and integrity properties equivalent to steel at the end of the standard 
fire test.
    Survival craft means a lifeboat, rigid liferaft, inflatable 
liferaft, life float, inflatable buoyant apparatus, buoyant apparatus, 
or a small boat carried aboard a vessel in accordance with 
Sec. 180.200(b) of this subchapter.
    Switchboard means an electrical panel that receives power from a 
generator, battery, or other electrical power source and distributes 
power directly or indirectly to all equipment supplied by the generating 
plant.
    Trunk means a vertical shaft or duct for the passage of pipes, 
wires, or other devices except that for the purposes of part 179 of this 
chapter, ``trunk'' means a large enclosed passageway through any deck or 
bulkhead of a vessel.
    Vehicle space means a space not on an open deck, for the carriage of 
motor vehicles with fuel in their tanks, into and from which such 
vehicles can be driven and to which passengers have access.
    Vessel includes every description of watercraft or other artificial 
contrivance, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation 
on water.
    Vessel of the United States means a vessel documented or numbered 
under

[[Page 181]]

the laws of the United States, the states of the United States, Guam, 
Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, the District of 
Columbia, the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other territory or 
possession of the United States.
    Warm water means water where the monthly mean low water temperature 
is normally more than 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit).
    Watertight means designed and constructed to withstand a static head 
of water without any leakage, except that ``watertight'' for the 
purposes of electrical equipment means enclosed so that water does not 
enter the equipment when a stream of water from a hose with a nozzle one 
inch in diameter that delivers at least 246 liters (65 gallons) per 
minute is sprayed on the enclosure from any direction from a distance of 
ten feet for five minutes.
    Weather deck means a deck that is partially or completely exposed to 
the weather from above or from at least two sides, except that for the 
purposes of parts 178 and 179 in subchapter S, ``weather deck'' means 
the uppermost deck exposed to the weather to which a weathertight 
sideshell extends.
    Weathertight means that water will not penetrate in any sea 
condition, except that ``weathertight equipment'' means equipment 
constructed or protected so that exposure to a beating rain will not 
result in the entrance of water.
    Well deck vessel means a vessel with a weather deck fitted with 
solid bulwarks that impede the drainage of water over the sides or a 
vessel with an exposed recess in the weather deck extending more than 
one-half of the length of the vessel measured over the weather deck.
    Wire means an individual insulated conductor without an outer 
protective jacket.
    Work space means a space, not normally occupied by a passenger, in 
which a crew member performs work and includes, but is not limited to, a 
galley, operating station, or machinery space.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 175.540  Equivalents.

    (a) The Commandant may approve any arrangement, fitting, appliance, 
apparatus, equipment, calculation, information, or test, which provides 
a level of safety equivalent to that established by specific provisions 
of this subchapter. Requests for approval must be submitted to the 
Marine Safety Center via the cognizant OCMI. If necessary, the Marine 
Safety Center may require engineering evaluations and tests to 
demonstrate the equivalence of the substitute.
    (b) The Commandant may accept compliance by a high speed craft with 
the provisions of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) ``Code 
of Safety for High Speed Craft'' as an equivalent to compliance with 
applicable requirements of this subchapter. Requests for a determination 
of equivalency for a particular vessel must be submitted to the Marine 
Safety Center via the cognizant OCMI.
    (c) The Commandant may approve a novel lifesaving appliance or 
arrangement as an equivalent if it has performance characteristics at 
least equivalent to the appliance or arrangement required under this 
part, and:
    (1) Is evaluated and tested under IMO Resolution A. 520(13), ``Code 
of Practice for the Evaluation, Testing and Acceptance of Prototype 
Novel Life-Saving Appliances and Arrangements''; or
    (2) Has successfully undergone an evaluation and tests that are 
substantially equivalent to those recommendations.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24464, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 175.550  Special consideration.

    In applying the provisions of this subchapter, the OCMI may give 
special consideration to authorizing departures from the specific 
requirements when unusual circumstances or arrangements warrant such 
departures and an equivalent level of safety is provided. The OCMI of 
each marine inspection zone in which the vessel operates must approve 
any special consideration granted to a vessel.

[[Page 182]]



Sec. 175.560  Appeals.

    Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under 
this subchapter, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal 
therefrom in accordance with Sec. 1.03 in subchapter A of this chapter.



Sec. 175.600  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this 
subchapter with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in 
accordance with Title 5 United States Code (U.S.C.) 552(a) and Title 1 
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 51. To enforce any edition other 
than that specified in paragraph (b) of this section, the Coast Guard 
must publish a notice of change in the Federal Register and make the 
material available to the public. All approved material is on file at 
the Office of the Federal Register. 800 North Capitol Street NW., Suite 
700, Washington, DC, and at the U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Operating 
and Environmental Standards (G-MSO), 2100 Second Street SW., Washington, 
DC 20593-0001 and is available from the sources indicated in paragraph 
(b) of this section.
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
subchapter and the sections affected are:


American Boat and Yacht Council                                         
 (ABYC), 3069 Solomons Island                                           
 Rd., Edgewater, MD 21037                                               
    A-1-93--Marine Liquefied       184.240                              
     Petroleum Gas (LPG) Systems.                                       
    A-3-93--Galley Stoves........  184.200                              
    A-7-70--Boat Heating Systems.  184.200                              
    A-16-89--Electric Navigation   183.130                              
     Lights.                                                            
    A-22-93--Marine Compressed     184.240                              
     Natural Gas (CNG) Systems.                                         
    E-8-94--Alternating Current    183.130                              
     (AC) Electrical Systems on                                         
     Boats.                                                             
    E-9-90--Direct Current (DC)    183.130                              
     Electrical Systems on Boats.                                       
    H-2-89--Ventilation of Boats   182.130; 182.460                     
     Using Gasoline.                                                    
    H-22-86--DC Electric Bilge     182.130; 182.500                     
     Pumps Operating Under 50                                           
     Volts.                                                             
    H-24-93--Gasoline Fuel         182.130; 182.440; 182.445; 182.450;  
     Systems.                       182.455                             
    H-25-94--Portable Gasoline     182.130; 182.458                     
     Fuel Systems for Flammable                                         
     Liquids.                                                           
    H-32-87--Ventilation of Boats  182.130; 182.465; 182.470            
     Using Diesel Fuel.                                                 
    H-33-89--Diesel Fuel Systems.  182.130; 182.440; 182.445; 182.450;  
                                    182.455                             
    P-1-93--Installation of        177.405; 177.410; 182.130; 182.425;  
     Exhaust Systems for            182.430                             
     Propulsion and Auxiliary                                           
     Engines.                                                           
    P-4-89--Marine Inboard         182.130; 182.420                     
     Engines.                                                           
                                                                        
American Bureau of Shipping                                             
 (ABS), ABS Plaza, Two World                                            
 Trade Center, 106th Floor, New                                         
 York, NY 10048                                                         
    Rules for Building and         177.300                              
     Classing Aluminum Vessels,                                         
     1975.                                                              
    Rules for Building and         177.300                              
     Classing Reinforced Plastic                                        
     Vessels, 1978.                                                     
    Rules for Building and         182.410; 183.360                     
     Classing Steel Vessels, 1995.                                      
    Rules for Building and         177.300                              
     Classing Steel Vessels Under                                       
     61 Meters (200 feet) in                                            
     Length, 1983.                                                      
    Rules for Building and         177.300                              
     Classing Steel Vessels for                                         
     Service on Rivers and                                              
     Intracoastal Waterways, 1995.                                      
                                                                        
American National Standards                                             
 Institute (ANSI), 11 West 42nd                                         
 Street, New York, NY 10036                                             

[[Page 183]]

                                                                        
    A 17.1-1984, including         183.540                              
     supplements A 17.1a and b-                                         
     1985--Safety Code for                                              
     Elevators and Escalators.                                          
    B 31.1-1986--Code for          182.710                              
     Pressure Piping, Power                                             
     Piping.                                                            
    Z 26.1-1977, including 1980    177.1030                             
     supplement--Safety Glazing                                         
     Materials For Glazing Motor                                        
     Vehicles Operating on Land                                         
     Highways.                                                          
                                                                        
American Society for Testing and                                        
 Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race St.,                                       
 Philadelphia, PA 19103                                                 
    B-117-73 (Reapproved 1979)--   175.400                              
     Method of Salt Spray (Fog)                                         
     Testing.                                                           
    D-93-94--Flash Point By        175.400                              
     Pensky-Martens Closed Cup                                          
     Tester.                                                            
    D-635-91--Rate of Burning and/ 182.440                              
     or Extent and Time of                                              
     Burning of Self-Supporting                                         
     Plastics in a Horizontal                                           
     Position.                                                          
    D-2863-91--Measuring the       182.440                              
     Minimum Oxygen Concentration                                       
     to Support Candle-like                                             
     Combustion of Plastics                                             
     (Oxygen Index).                                                    
    E-84-94--Surface Burning       177.410                              
     Characteristics of Building                                        
     Materials.                                                         
                                                                        
Institute of Electrical and                                             
 Electronics Engineers, Inc.                                            
 (IEEE), IEEE Service Center, 445                                       
 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854                                        
    Standard 45-1977--Recommended  183.340                              
     Practice for Electrical                                            
     Installations on Shipboard.                                        
                                                                        
International Maritime                                                  
 Organization (IMO),                                                    
 International Maritime                                                 
 Organization, 4 Albert                                                 
 Embankment, London SE1 7SR                                             
    Code of Practice for the       175.540(c)                           
     Evaluation, Testing and                                            
     Acceptance of Prototype                                            
     Novel Life-Saving Appliances                                       
     and Arrangements--Resolution                                       
     A.520(13), dated 17 November                                       
     1983.                                                              
    Use and Fitting of Retro-      185.604                              
     Reflective Materials on Life-                                      
     Saving Appliances--                                                
     Resolution A.658(16), dated                                        
     20 November 1989.                                                  
    Fire Test Procedures For       177.405                              
     Ignitability of Bedding                                            
     Components, Resolution                                             
     A.688(17), dated 06 November                                       
     1991.                                                              
    Symbols Related to Life-       185.604(g)                           
     Saving Appliances and                                              
     Arrangements, Resolution                                           
     A.760(18), dated 17 November                                       
     1993.                                                              
                                                                        
Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 17                                        
 Battery Place, Suite 1013, New                                         
 York, NY 10004                                                         
    Rules and Regulations for the  177.300                              
     Classification of Yachts and                                       
     Small Craft, as amended                                            
     through 1983.                                                      
                                                                        
National Fire Protection                                                
 Association (NFPA), 1                                                  
 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA                                          
 02269-9101                                                             
    NFPA 10-1994--Portable Fire    176.810                              
     Extinguishers.                                                     
    NFPA 17-1994--Dry Chemical     181.425                              
     Extinguishing Systems.                                             
    NFPA 17A-1994--Wet Chemical    181.425                              
     Extinguishing Systems.                                             
    NFPA 70-1993--National                                              
     Electrical Code (NEC)                                              
        Section 250-95...........  183.370                              
        Section 310-13...........  183.340                              
        Section 310-15...........  183.340                              
        Article 430..............  183.320                              

[[Page 184]]

                                                                        
        Article 445..............  183.320                              
    NFPA 302-1994--Pleasure and    184.200; 184.240                     
     Commercial Motor Craft,                                            
     Chapter 6.                                                         
    NFPA 306-1993--Control of Gas  176.710                              
     Hazards on Vessels.                                                
    NFPA 1963-1989--Fire Hose      181.320                              
     Connections.                                                       
                                                                        
Naval Publications and Forms                                            
 Center, Customer Service Code                                          
 1052, 5801 Tabor Ave.,                                                 
 Philadelphia, PA 19120                                                 
    Military Specification MIL-P-  179.240                              
     21929B (1970)--Plastic                                             
     Material, Cellular                                                 
     Polyurethane, Foam-in-Place,                                       
     Rigid (2 and 4 pounds per                                          
     cubic foot).                                                       
                                                                        
Society of Automotive Engineers                                         
 (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive,                                         
 Warrendale, PA 15096-0001                                              
    SAE J-1475--Hydraulic Hose     182.720                              
     Fittings For Marine                                                
     Applications, 1984.                                                
    SAE J-1928--Devices Providing  182.415                              
     Backfire Flame Control for                                         
     Gasoline Engines in Marine                                         
     Applications, August 1989.                                         
    SAE J-1942--Hose and Hose      182.720                              
     Assemblies for Marine                                              
     Applications, 1992.                                                
                                                                        
Underwriters Laboratories Inc.                                          
 (UL), 12 Laboratory Drive,                                             
 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709                                       
    UL 19-1992--Lined Fire Hose    181.320                              
     and Hose Assemblies.                                               
    UL 174-1989, as amended        182.320                              
     through June 23, 1994--                                            
     Household Electric Storage                                         
     Tank Heaters.                                                      
    UL 217-1993--Single and        181.450                              
     Multiple Station Smoke                                             
     Detectors.                                                         
    UL 486A-1992--Wire Connectors  183.340                              
     and Soldering Lugs For Use                                         
     With Copper Conductors.                                            
    UL 489-1995--Molded--Case      183.380                              
     Circuit Breakers and Circuit                                       
     Breaker Enclosures.                                                
    UL 595-1991--Marine Type       183.410                              
     Electric Lighting Fixtures.                                        
    UL 710-1990, as amended        181.425                              
     through September 16, 1993--                                       
     Exhaust Hoods For Commercial                                       
     Cooking Equipment.                                                 
    UL 1058-1989, as amended       181.410                              
     through April 19, 1994--                                           
     Halogenated Agent                                                  
     Extinguishing System Units.                                        
    UL 1102-1992--Non integral     182.440                              
     Marine Fuel Tanks.                                                 
    UL 1110-1988, as amended       182.480                              
     through May 16, 1994--Marine                                       
     Combustible Gas Indicators.                                        
    UL 1111-1988--Marine           182.415                              
     Carburetor Flame Arresters.                                        
    UL 1453-1988, as amended       182.320                              
     through June 7, 1994--                                             
     Electric Booster and                                               
     Commercial Storage Tank                                            
     Water Heaters.                                                     
    UL 1570-1995--Fluorescent      183.410                              
     Lighting Fixtures.                                                 
    UL 1571-1995--Incandescent     183.410                              
     Lighting Fixtures.                                                 
    UL 1572-1995--High Intensity   183.410                              
     Discharge Lighting Fixtures.                                       
    UL 1573-1995--Stage and        183.410                              
     Studio Lighting Units.                                             
    UL 1574-1995--Track Lighting   183.410                              
     Systems.                                                           
                                                                        

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50734, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 175.800  Approved equipment and material.

    (a) Equipment and material that is required by this subchapter to be 
approved or of an approved type, must have been manufactured and 
approved in accordance with the design and testing requirements in 
subchapter Q

[[Page 185]]

(Equipment, Construction, and Materials: Specifications and Approval) of 
this chapter or as otherwise specified by the Commandant.
    (b) Notice regarding equipment approvals is published in the Federal 
Register. Coast Guard publication COMDTINST M16714.3 (Series), 
``Equipment Lists, Items Approved, Certificated or Accepted under Marine 
Inspection and Navigation Laws,'' lists approved equipment by type and 
manufacturer. COMDTINST M16714.3 (Series) may be obtained from the 
Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.



Sec. 175.900  OMB control numbers.

    (a) Purpose. This section lists the control numbers assigned to 
information collection and recordkeeping requirements in this subchapter 
by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to the Paperwork 
Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et. seq.). The Coast Guard intends 
that this section comply with the requirements of 44 U.S.C. 3507(f) 
which requires that agencies display a current control number assigned 
by the Director of OMB for each approved agency information collection 
requirement.
    (b) Display.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
  46 CFR Section where identified         Current OMB Control Number    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
176.105(a).........................                   2115-0578         
176.202............................                   2115-0578         
176.204............................                   2115-0578         
176.302............................                   2115-0578         
176.306............................                   2115-0578         
176.310............................                   2115-0578         
176.500(a).........................                   2115-0578         
176.612............................                   2115-0578         
176.700............................                   2115-0578         
176.704............................                   2115-0578         
176.710............................                   2115-0578         
176.810(b).........................                   2115-0578         
176.920(c).........................                   2115-0578         
176.930............................                   2115-0578         
177.202............................                   2115-0578         
177.315............................                   2115-0589         
177.330............................                   2115-0578         
177.335............................                   2115-0589         
177.340............................                   2115-0578         
178.210............................                   2115-0578         
178.220............................                   2115-0559         
178.230............................                   2115-0559         
181.610............................                   2115-0578         
182.460(e).........................                   2115-0578         
182.610(f).........................                   2115-0578         
183.220(d).........................                   2115-0578         
183.320 (d) and (e)................                   2115-0578         
184.420............................                   2115-0578         
184.506............................                   2115-0578         
185.202............................                   2115-0003         
185.206............................                   2115-0003         
185.208............................                   2115-0578         
185.220............................                   2115-0578         
185.230............................                   2115-0578         
185.280............................                   2115-0578         
185.340(c).........................                   2115-0578         
185.402............................                   2115-0578         
185.420............................                       (\1\)         
185.502............................                   2115-0578         
185.503............................                   2115-0578         
185.504............................                   2115-0578         
185.506............................                   2115-0578         
185.510............................                   2115-0578         
185.514............................                   2115-0578         
185.516............................                   2115-0578         
185.518............................                   2115-0578         
185.520............................                       (\1\)         
185.524............................                       (\1\)         
185.602............................                   2115-0578         
185.604............................                   2115-0578         
185.606............................                   2115-0578         
185.608............................                   2115-0578         
185.610............................                   2115-0578         
185.612............................                   2115-0578         
185.702............................                   2115-0578         
185.704(c).........................                   2115-0578         
185.728(c).........................                       (\1\)         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Will be displayed when assigned by OMB.                             



PART 176--INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION--Table of Contents




                  Subpart A--Certificate of Inspection

Sec.
176.100  When required.
176.103  Description.
176.105  How to obtain or renew.
176.107  Period of validity.
176.110  Routes permitted.
176.112  Total persons permitted.
176.113  Passengers permitted.
176.114  Alternative requirements for a vessel operating as other than a 
          small passenger vessel.
176.120  Certificate of Inspection amendment.

               Subpart B--Special Permits and Certificates

176.202  Permit to proceed.
176.204  Permit to carry excursion party.

   Subpart C--Posting of Certificates, Permits, and Stability Letters

176.302  Certificates and permits.
176.306  Stability letter.
176.310  Certification Expiration Date Stickers.

                 Subpart D--Inspection for Certification

176.400  General.
176.402  Initial inspection for certification.

[[Page 186]]

176.404  Subsequent inspections for certification.

                         Subpart E--Reinspection

176.500  When required.
176.502  Scope.

               Subpart F--Hull and Tailshaft Examinations

176.600  Drydock and internal structural examination intervals.
176.610  Scope of drydock and internal structural examinations.
176.612  Notice and plans required.
176.630  Tailshaft examinations.
176.670  Extension of examination intervals.

                   Subpart G--Repairs and Alterations

176.700  Permission for repairs and alterations.
176.702  Installation tests and inspections.
176.704  Breaking of safety valve seals.
176.710  Inspeciton and testing prior to hot work.

                     Subpart H--Material Inspections

176.800  Inspection standards.
176.801  Notice of inspection deficiencies and requirements.
176.802  Hull.
176.804  Machinery.
176.806  Electrical.
176.808  Lifesaving.
176.810  Fire protection.
176.812  Pressure vessels and boilers.
176.814  Steering systems.
176.816  Miscellaneous systems and equipment.
176.818  Sanitary inspection.
176.830  Unsafe practices.
176.840  Additional tests and inspections.

Subpart I--International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as 
                             Amended (SOLAS)

176.900  Applicability.
176.910  Passenger Ship Safety Certificate.
176.920  Exemptions.
176.930  Equivalents.

    Authority. 33 U.S.C. 1321(j); 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; 49 U.S.C. App. 
1804; E.O. 11735, 38 FR 21243, 3 CFR, 1971-1975 Comp., p.793; E.O. 
12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p.277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                  Subpart A--Certificate of Inspection



Sec. 176.100  When required.

    (a) A vessel to which this subchapter applies may not be operated 
without having on board a valid U.S. Coast Guard Certificate of 
Inspection.
    (b) Except as noted in Sec. 176.114 of this part, each vessel 
inspected and certificated under the provisions of this subchapter must, 
when any passengers are aboard during the tenure of the certificate, be 
in full compliance with the terms of the certificate.
    (c) If necessary to prevent delay of the vessel, a temporary 
Certificate of Inspection may be issued pending the issuance and 
delivery of the regular Certificate of Inspection. The temporary 
certificate must be carried in the same manner as the regular 
certificate and is considered the same as the regular Certificate of 
Inspection that it represents.
    (d) A vessel on a foreign voyage between a port in the United States 
and a port in a foreign country, whose Certificate of Inspection expires 
during the voyage, may lawfully complete the voyage without a valid 
Certificate of Inspection provided the voyage is completed within 30 
days of expiration and the certificate did not expire within 15 days of 
sailing on the foreign voyage from a U.S. port.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.103  Description.

    The Certificate of Inspection issued to a vessel describes the 
vessel, the route(s) that it may travel, the minimum manning 
requirements, the survival and rescue craft carried, the minimum fire 
extinguishing equipment and lifejackets required to be carried, the 
maximum number of passengers and total persons that may be carried, the 
number of passengers the vessel may carry in overnight accommodation 
spaces, the name of the owner and managing operator, any equivalencies 
accepted or authorized by the Commandant or any Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection (OCMI) in accordance

[[Page 187]]

with Secs. 175.540 or 175.550 of this chapter, and such other conditions 
of operations as may be determined by the cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 170.105  How to obtain or renew.

    (a) A Certificate of Inspection is obtained or renewed by making 
application on Form CG 3752, ``Application for Inspection of U.S. 
Vessel,'' to the Coast Guard OCMI of the marine inspection zone in which 
the inspection is to be made. Form CG-3752 may be obtained at any U.S. 
Coast Guard Marine Safety Office or Marine Inspection Office.
    (b) The application for initial inspection of a vessel being newly 
constructed or converted must be submitted prior to the start of the 
construction or conversion.
    (c) The construction, arrangement, and equipment of each vessel must 
be acceptable to the cognizant OCMI as a prerequisite of the issuance of 
the initial Certificate of Inspection. Acceptance is based on the 
information, specifications, drawings and calculations available to the 
OCMI, and on the successful completion of an initial inspection for 
certification.
    (d) A Certificate of Inspection is renewed by the issuance of a new 
Certification of Inspection.
    (e) The condition of the vessel and its equipment must be acceptable 
to the cognizant OCMI as a prerequisite to the Certificate of Inspection 
renewal. Acceptance is based on the condition of the vessel as found at 
the periodic inspection for certification.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.107  Period of validity.

    (a) A Certificate of Inspection is issued for a period of three 
years.
    (b) A Certificate of Inspection may be suspended and withdrawn or 
revoked by the cognizant OCMI at any time for noncompliance with the 
requirements of this subchapter.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.110  Routes permitted.

    (a) The area of operation for each vessel and any necessary 
operational limits are determined by the cognizant OCMI, and recorded on 
the vessel's Certificate of Inspection. Each area of operation, referred 
to as a route, is described on the Certificate of Inspection under the 
major headings ``Oceans,'' ``Coastwise,'' ``Limited Coastwise,'' ``Great 
Lakes,'' ``Lakes, Bays, and Sounds,'' or ``Rivers,'' as applicable. 
Further limitations imposed or extensions granted are described by 
reference to bodies of waters, geographical points, distance from 
geographical points, distances from land, depths of channel, seasonal 
limitations, and similar factors.
    (b) Operation of a vessel on a route of lesser severity than those 
specifically described or designated on the Certificate of Inspection is 
permitted unless expressly prohibited on the Certificate of Inspection. 
The general order of severity of routes is: oceans, coastwise, limited 
coastwise, Great Lakes, lakes, bays, and sounds, and rivers. The 
cognizant OCMI may prohibit a vessel from operating on a route of lesser 
severity than the primary route a vessel is authorized to operate on if 
local conditions necessitate such a restriction.
    (c) Non-self-propelled vessels are prohibited from operating on an 
oceans, coastwise, limited coastwise, or Great Lakes route unless the 
Commandant approves such a route.
    (d) When designating a permitted route or imposing any operational 
limits on a vessel, the OCMI may consider:
    (1) Requirements of this subchapter for which compliance is based on 
the route of the vessel;
    (2) The performance capabilities of the vessel based on design, 
scantlings, stability, subdivision, propulsion, speed, operating modes, 
maneuverability, and other characteristics; and
    (3) The suitability of the vessel for nighttime operations and use 
in all weather conditions.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.112  Total persons permitted.

    The cognizant OCMI determines the total number of persons permitted 
to be carried on a vessel. In determining the total number of persons 
permitted to be carried, the OCMI may consider stability restrictions 
and subdivision requirements of the vessel, the vessel's

[[Page 188]]

route, general arrangement, means of escape, lifesaving equipment, the 
minimum manning requirements, and the maximum number of passengers 
permitted in accordance with Sec. 176.113.



Sec. 176.113  Passengers permitted.

    (a) The maximum number of passengers permitted must be not more than 
that allowed by the requirements of this section, except as authorized 
by the OCMI under paragraph (d) of this section.
    (b) The maximum number of passengers permitted on any vessel may be 
the greatest number permitted by the length of rail criterion, deck area 
criterion, or fixed seating criterion described in this paragraph or a 
combination of these criteria as allowed by paragraph (c) of this 
section.
    (1) Length of rail criterion. One passenger may be permitted for 
each 760 millimeters (30 inches) of rail space available to the 
passengers at the periphery of each deck. The following rail space may 
not be used in determining the maximum number of passengers permitted:
    (i) Rail space in congested areas unsafe for passengers, such as 
near anchor handling equipment or line handling gear, in the way of sail 
booms, running rigging, or paddle wheels, or along pulpits;
    (ii) Rail space on stairways; and
    (iii) Rail space where persons standing in the space would block the 
vision of the licensed individual operating the vessel.
    (2) Deck area criterion. One passenger may be permitted for each 0.9 
square meters (10 square feet) of deck area available for the 
passengers' use. In computing such deck area, the areas occupied by the 
following must be excluded;
    (i) Areas for which the number of persons permitted is determined 
using the fixed seating criteria;
    (ii) Obstructions, including stairway and elevator enclosures, 
elevated stages, bars, and cashier stands, but not including slot 
machines, tables, or other room furnishings;
    (iii) Toilets and washrooms;
    (iv) Spaces occupied by and necessary for handling lifesaving 
equipment, anchor handling equipment or line handling gear, or in the 
way of sail booms or running rigging;
    (v) Spaces below deck that are unsuitable for passengers or that 
would not normally be used by passengers;
    (vi) Interior passageways less than 840 millimeters (34 inches) wide 
and passageways on open deck, less than 710 millimeters (28 inches) 
wide;
    (vii) Bow pulpits, swimming platforms and areas that do not have a 
solid deck, such as netting on multi-hull vessels;
    (viii) Deck areas in way of paddle wheels; and
    (ix) Aisle area provided in accordance with Sec. 177.820(d) in this 
subchapter.
    (3) Fixed seating criterion. One passenger may be permitted for each 
455 millimeter (18 inches) of width of fixed seating provided by 
Sec. 177.820 of this subchapter. Each sleeping berth in overnight 
accommodation spaces shall be counted as only one seat.
    (c) Different passenger capacity criteria may be used on each deck 
of a vessel and added together to determine the total passenger capacity 
of that vessel. Where seats are provided on part of a deck and not on 
another, the number of passengers permitted on a vessel may be the sum 
of the number permitted by the seating criterion for the space having 
seats and the number permitted by the deck area criterion for the space 
having no seats. The length of rail criterion may not be combined with 
either the deck area criterion or the fixed seating criterion when 
determining the maximum number of passengers permitted on an individual 
deck.
    (d) For a vessel operating on short runs on protected waters such as 
a ferry, the cognizant OCMI may give special consideration to increases 
in passenger allowances.



Sec. 176.114  Alternative requirements for a vessel operating as other than a small passenger vessel.

    (a) When authorized by the cognizant OCMI by an endorsement of the 
vessel's certificate of Inspection, a small passenger vessel carrying 
six or less passengers, or operating as a commercial

[[Page 189]]

fishing vessel or other uninspected vessel, or carrying less than twelve 
passengers and operating as a recreational vessel, need not meet 
requirements of:
    (1) Subparts C, D, and E, of part 180 of this chapter if the vessel 
is in satisfactory compliance with the lifesaving equipment regulations 
for an uninspected vessel or recreational vessel in a similar service;
    (2) Subpart C of part 177, and parts 178 and 179 of this chapter if 
the vessel is in satisfactory compliance with applicable regulations for 
an uninspected vessel or recreational vessel in a similar service or if 
the owner of the vessel otherwise establishes to the satisfaction of the 
cognizant OCMI that the vessel is seaworthy for the intended service; 
and
    (3) Sections 184.404 and 184.410 of this chapter providing the 
vessel is in satisfactory compliance with applicable regulations for an 
uninspected or recreational vessel in a similar service.
    (b) A vessel operating under the alternative regulations of 
paragraph (a) of this section must:
    (1) Not alter the arrangement of the vessel nor remove any equipment 
required by the certificate for the intended operation, without the 
consent of the cognizant OCMI;
    (2) Comply with the minimum manning specified on the Certificate of 
Inspection, which may include reduced manning depending on the number of 
passengers and operation of the vessel;
    (3) When carrying from one to six passengers, except for a vessel 
being operated as a recreational vessel, make the announcement required 
by Sec. 185.506(a) of this chapter before getting underway; and
    (4) If a vessel of more than 15 gross tons, not carry freight for 
hire.
    (c) The endorsement issued under paragraph (a) of this section must 
indicate the route, maximum number of passengers, and the manning 
required to operate under the provisions of this section.



Sec. 176.120  Certificate of Inspection amendment.

    (a) An amended Certificate of Inspection may be issued at any time 
by any OCMI. The amended Certificate of Inspection replaces the 
original, but the expiration date remains the same as that of the 
original. An amended Certificate of Inspection may be issued to 
authorize and record a change in the dimensions, gross tonnage, owner, 
managing operator, manning, persons permitted, route permitted, 
conditions of operations, or equipment of a vessel, from that specified 
in the current Certificate of Inspection.
    (b) A request for an amended Certificate of Inspection must be made 
to the cognizant OCMI by the owner or managing operator of the vessel at 
any time there is a change in the character of a vessel or in its route, 
equipment, ownership, operation, or similar factors specified in its 
current Certificate of Inspection.
    (c) The OCMI may require an inspection prior to the issuance of an 
amended Certificate of Inspection.



               Subpart B--Special Permits and Certificates



Sec. 176.202  Permit to proceed.

    (a) When a vessel is not in compliance with its Certificate of 
Inspection or fails to comply with a regulation of this subchapter, the 
cognizant OCMI may permit the vessel to proceed to another port for 
repair, if in the judgment of the OCMI, the trip can be completed 
safely, even if the Certificate of Inspection of the vessel has expired 
or is about to expire.
    (b) Form CG-948, ``Permit to Proceed to another Port for Repairs,'' 
may be issued by the cognizant OCMI to the owner, managing operator, or 
the master of the vessel stating the conditions under which the vessel 
may proceed to another port. The permit may be issued only upon the 
written application of the owner, managing operator, or master, and 
after the vessel's Certificate of Inspection is turned over tot he OCMI.
    (c) A vessel may not carry passengers when operating in accordance 
with a permit to proceed, unless the cognizant OCMI determines that it 
is safe to do so.



Sec. 176.204  Permit to carry excursion party.

    (a) The cognizant OCMI may permit a vessel to engage in a temporary 
excursion operation with a greater number

[[Page 190]]

of persons or on a more extended route, or both, than permitted by its 
Certificate of Inspection when, in the opinion of the OCMI, the 
operation can be undertaken safely.
    (b) Upon the written application of the owner or managing operator 
of the vessel, the cognizant OCMI may issue a Form CG-949, ``Permit To 
Carry Excursion Party,'' to indicate his or her permission to carry an 
excursion party. The OCMI will indicate on the permit the conditions 
under which it is issued, the number of persons the vessel may carry, 
the crew required, any additional lifesaving or safety equipment 
required, the route for which the permit is granted, and the dates on 
which the permit is valid.
    (c) The number of passengers normally permitted on an excursion 
vessel shall be governed by Sec. 176.113.
    (d) The OCMI will not normally waive the applicable minimum safety 
standards when issuing an excursion permit. In particular, a vessel that 
is being issued an excursion permit will normally be required to meet 
the minimum stability, survival craft, life jacket, fire safety, and 
manning standards applicable to a vessel in the service for which the 
excursion permit is requested.
    (e) The permit acts as a temporary, limited duration supplement to 
the vessel's Certificate of Inspection and must be carried with the 
Certificate of Inspection. A vessel operating under a permit to carry an 
excursion party must be in full compliance with the terms of its 
Certificate of Inspection as supplemented by the permit.
    (f) The OCMI may require an inspection prior to the issuance of a 
permit to carry an excursion party.



   Subpart C--Posting of Certificates, Permits, and Stability Letters



Sec. 176.302  Certificates and permits.

    The Certificate of Inspection and any SOLAS Certificates must be 
posed under glass or other suitable transparent material, such that all 
pages are visible, in a conspicuous place on the vessel where 
observation by passengers is likely. If posting is impracticable, such 
as an open boats, the certificates must be kept on board in a 
weathertight container readily available for use by the crew and display 
to passengers and others on request.



Sec. 176.306  Stability letter.

    When, in accordance with Sec. 178.210 of this chapter, a vessel must 
be provided with a stability letter, the stability letter must be posed 
under glass or other suitable transparent material, such that all pages 
are visible, at the operating station of the vessel. If posting is 
impracticable, the stability letter must be kept on board in a 
weathertight container readily available for use by the crew and display 
to passengers and others on request.



Sec. 176.310  Certification Expiration Date Stickers.

    (a) A Certification Expiration Date Sticker indicates the date upon 
which the vessel's Certificate of Inspection expires and is provided by 
the cognizant OCMI in the number required, upon issuance or renewal of 
the Certificate of Inspection.
    (b) A vessel that is issued a Certificate of Inspection under the 
provisions of this subchapter must be not be operated without a valid 
Certification Expiration Date Sticker affixed to the vessel on a place 
that is:
    (1) A glass or other smooth surface from which the sticker may be 
removed without damage to the vessel;
    (2) Readily visible to each passenger prior to boarding the vessel 
and to patrolling Coast Guard law enforcement personnel; and
    (3) Acceptable to the Coast Guard marine inspector.
    (c) The Coast Guard marine inspector may require the placement of 
more than one sticker in order to insure compliance with paragraph 
(b)(2) of this section.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]

[[Page 191]]



                 Subpart D--Inspection for Certification



Sec. 176.400  General.

    (a) An inspection is required before the issuance of a Certification 
of Inspection. Such an inspection for certification is not made until 
after receipt of the application for inspection required by 
Sec. 176.105.
    (b) Upon receipt of a written application for inspection, the 
cognizant OCMI assigns a marine inspector to inspect the vessel for 
compliance with this subchapter at a time and place mutually agreed upon 
by the OCMI and the owner, managing operator, or representative thereof.
    (c) The owner, managing operator, or a representative thereof shall 
be present during the inspection.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.402  Initial inspection for certification.

    (a) Before construction or conversion of a vessel intended for small 
passenger vessel service, the owner of the vessel shall submit plans, 
manuals, and calculations indicating the proposed arrangement, 
construction, and operations of the vessel, to the cognizant OCMI for 
approval, except when submitted to the Marine Safety Center (MSC) as 
allowed by part 177 of this subchapter. The plan, manuals, and 
calculations required to be submitted and the disposition of these plans 
are set forth in part 177, Subpart B of this chapter.
    (b) The initial inspection is conducted to determine that the vessel 
and its equipment comply with applicable regulations and that the vessel 
was built or converted in accordance with approved plans, manuals, and 
calculations. Additionally, during the inspection, the materials, 
workmanship, and condition of all parts of the vessel and its machinery 
and equipment may be checked to determine if the vessel is satisfactory 
in all respects for the service intended.
    (c) The owner or managing operator of a vessel shall ensure that the 
vessel complies with the laws and regulations applicable to the vessel 
and that the vessel is otherwise satisfactory for the intended service. 
The initial inspection may include an inspection of the following items:
    (1) The arrangement, installation, materials, and scantlings of the 
structure including the hull and superstructure, yards, masts, spars, 
rigging, sails, piping, main and auxiliary machinery, pressure vessels, 
steering apparatus, electrical installation, fire resistant construction 
materials, life saving appliances, fire detecting and extinguishing 
equipment, pollution prevention equipment, and all other equipment;
    (2) Sanitary conditions and fire hazards; and
    (3) Certificates and operating manuals, including certificates 
issued by the FCC.
    (d) During an initial inspection for certification the owner or 
managing operator shall conduct all tests and make the vessel available 
for all applicable inspections discussed in this paragraph, and in 
Subpart H of this part, to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI, 
including the following:
    (1) The installation of each rescue boat, liferaft, inflatable 
buoyant apparatus, and launching appliance as listed on its Certificate 
of Approval (Form CGHQ-10030).
    (2) The operation of each rescue boat and survival craft launching 
appliance required by part 180 of this chapter.
    (3) Machinery, fuel tanks, and pressure vessels as required by part 
182 of this chapter.
    (4) A stability test or a simplified stability test when required by 
Sec. 170.175 of this chapter or Sec. 178.320 of this chapter.
    (5) Watertight bulkheads as required by part 179 of this chapter.
    (6) Firefighting systems as required by part 181 of this chapter.
    (7) The operation of all smoke and fire detecting systems, and fire 
alarms and sensors.



Sec. 176.404  Subsequent inspections for certification.

    An inspection for renewal of a Certificate of Inspection normally 
includes inspection and testing of the structure, machinery, equipment, 
and on a sailing vessel, rigging and sails.

[[Page 192]]

The owner or managing operator shall conduct all tests as required by 
the marine inspector, and make the vessel available for all specific 
inspections and drills required by Subpart H of this part. In addition, 
the OCMI may require the vessel to get underway as part of the 
inspection for certification. The inspection is conducted to determine 
if the vessel is in satisfactory condition, fit for the service 
intended, and complies with the applicable regulations in this 
subchapter.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



                         Subpart E--Reinspection



Sec. 176.500  When required.

    (a) The owner or managing operator shall make a vessel available for 
reinspections within 60 days of each anniversary of the date of issuance 
of the Certificate of Inspection during each triennial inspection 
period. The owner or managing operator shall contact the cognizant OCMI 
to arrange for a reinspection to be conducted at a time and place 
acceptable to the OCMI.
    (b) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (a) of the section, 
a reinspection may be made at such other times as may be required by the 
cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 176.502  Scope.

    In general, the scope of the reinspection is the same as the 
inspection for certification but in less detail unless it is determined 
that a major change has occurred since the last inspection for 
certification.



               Subpart F--Hull and Tailshaft Examinations



Sec. 176.600  Drydock and internal structural examination intervals.

    (a) The owner or managing operator shall make a vessel available for 
drydock examinations and internal structural examinations required by 
this section.
    (b) A vessel making an international voyage must undergo a drydock 
examination and an internal structural examination at least once every 
12 months. If the vessel becomes due for a drydock examination or an 
internal structural examination during the voyage, it may lawfully 
complete the voyage prior to the examination if it undergoes the 
required examination upon completion of the voyage to the United States 
but not later than 30 days after the examination was due. If the vessel 
is due for an examination within 15 days of sailing on an international 
voyage from the United States port, it must undergo the required 
examination before sailing.
    (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, a vessel 
not making an international voyage must undergo a drydock examination 
and an internal structural examination as follows:
    (1) A vessel that is exposed to salt water more than three months in 
any 12 month period since the last examination must undergo a drydock 
examination and an internal structural at least once every two years; 
and
    (2) A vessel that is exposed to salt water not more than three 
months in any 12 month period since the last examination must undergo a 
drydock examination and an internal structural examination at least once 
every five years.
    (d) Whenever damage or deterioration to hull plating or structural 
members that may affect the seaworthiness of a vessel is discovered or 
suspected, the cognizant OCMI may conduct an internal structural 
examination in any affected space including fuel tanks, and may require 
the vessel to be drydocked or taken out of service to assess the extent 
of the damage, and to effect permanent repairs. The OCMI may also 
decrease the drydock examination intervals to monitor the vessel's 
structural condition.



Sec. 176.610  Scope of drydock and internal structural examinations.

    (a) A drydock examination conducted in compliance with Sec. 176.600 
must be conducted while the vessel is hauled out of the water or placed 
in a drydock or slipway. During the examination all accessible parts of 
the vessel's underwater body and all through hull fittings, including 
the hull plating and planking, appendages, propellers, shafts, bearings, 
rudders, sea chests, sea valves, and sea strainers shall be

[[Page 193]]

made available for examination. Sea chests, sea valves, and sea 
strainers must be opened for examination. On wooden vessels, fastenings 
may be required to be pulled for examination.
    (b) An internal structural examination conducted in compliance with 
Sec. 176.600 may be conducted while the vessel is afloat or out of the 
water and consists of a complete examination of the vessel's main 
strength members, including the major internal framing, the hull plating 
and planking, voids, and ballast, cargo, and fuel oil tanks. Where the 
internal framing, plating, or planking of the vessel is concealed, 
sections of the lining, ceiling or insulation may be removed or the 
parts otherwise probed or exposed so that the inspector may be satisfied 
as to the condition of the hull structure. Fuel oil tanks need not be 
cleaned out and internally examined if the marine inspector is able to 
determine by external examination that the general condition of the 
tanks is satisfactory.



Sec. 176.612  Notice and plans required.

    (a) The owner or managing operator shall notify the cognizant OCMI 
as far in advance as possible whenever a vessel is to be hauled out or 
placed in a drydock or slipway in compliance with Sec. 176.600 or to 
undergo repairs or alterations affecting the safety of the vessel, 
together with the nature of any repairs or alterations contemplated. 
Hull repairs or alternations that affect the safety of the vessel 
include but are not limited to the replacement, repair, or refastening 
of planking, plating, or structural members including the repair of 
cracks.
    (b) Whenever a vessel is hauled out or placed in a drydock or 
slipway in excess of the requirements of this subpart for the purpose of 
maintenance, such as changing a propeller, painting, or cleaning the 
hull, no report need be made to the cognizant OCMI.
    (c) The owner or managing operator of each vessel that holds a Load 
Line Certificate shall make plans showing the vessel's scantlings 
available to the Coast Guard marine inspector whenever the vessel 
undergoes a drydock examination or internal structural examination or 
whenever repairs or alterations affecting the safety or seaworthiness of 
the vessel are made to the vessel's hull.



Sec. 176.630  Tailshaft examinations.

    (a) The marine inspector may require any part or all of the 
propeller shafting to be drawn for examination of the shafting and stern 
bearing of a vessel whenever the condition of the shafting and bearings 
are in question.
    (b) The marine inspector may conduct a visual examination and may 
require nondestructive testing of the propeller shafting whenever the 
condition of shafting is in question.



Sec. 176.670  Extension of examination intervals.

    The intervals between drydock examinations and internal structural 
examinations specified in Sec. 176.600 of this part may be extended by 
the cognizant OCMI or Commandant.



                   Subpart G--Repairs and Alterations



Sec. 176.700  Permission for repairs and alterations.

    (a) Repairs or alterations to the hull, machinery, or equipment that 
affect the safety of the vessel must not be made without the approval of 
the cognizant OCMI, except during an emergency. When repairs are made 
during an emergency, the owner, managing operator, or master shall 
notify the OCMI as soon as practicable after such repairs or 
alternations are made. Repairs or alterations that affect the safety of 
the vessel include, but are not limited to: replacement, repair, or 
refastening of deck or hull planking, plating, and structural members; 
repair of plate or frame cracks; damage repair or replacement, other 
than replacement in kind, of electrical wiring, fuel lines, tanks, 
boilers and other pressure vessels, and steering, propulsion and power 
supply systems; alterations affecting stability; and repair or 
alteration of lifesaving, fire detecting, or fire extinguishing 
equipment.
    (b) The owner or managing operator shall submit drawings, sketches, 
or written specifications describing the details of any proposed 
alterations to

[[Page 194]]

the cognizant OCMI. Proposed alterations must be approved by the OCMI 
before work is started.
    (c) Drawings are not required to be submitted for repairs or 
replacements in kind.
    (d) The OCMI may require an inspection and testing whenever a repair 
or alteration is undertaken.



Sec. 176.702  Installation tests and inspections.

    Whenever a launching appliance, survival craft, rescue boat, fixed 
gas fire extinguishing system, machinery, fuel tank, or pressure vessel 
is installed aboard a vessel after completion of the initial inspection 
for certification of the vessel, as replacement equipment or as a new 
installation, the owner or managing operator shall conduct the tests and 
make the vessel ready for the inspections required by Sec. 176.402(d) to 
the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 176.704  Breaking of safety valve seals.

    The owner, managing operator, or master shall notify the cognizant 
OCMI as soon as practicable after the seal on a boiler safety valve on a 
vessel is broken.



Sec. 176.710  Inspection and testing prior to hot work.

    (a) An inspection for flammable or combustible gases must be 
conducted by a certified marine chemist or other person authorized by 
the cognizant OCMI in accordance with the provisions of National Fire 
Protection Association (NFPA) 306, ``Control of Gas Hazards on 
Vessels,'' before alterations, repairs, or other operations involving 
riveting, welding, burning, or other fire producing actions may be made 
aboard a vessel:
    (1) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or
    (2) To pipelines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other 
appurtenances connected to fuel tanks.
    (b) An inspection required by paragraph (a) of this section must be 
conducted as required by this paragraph.
    (1) In ports or places in the United States or its territories and 
possessions, the inspection must be conducted by a marine chemist 
certificated by the NFPA. However, if the services of a certified marine 
chemist are not reasonably available, the cognizant OCMI, upon the 
recommendation of the vessel owner or managing operator, may authorize 
another person to inspect the vessel. If the inspection indicates that 
the operations can be undertaken safely, a certificate setting forth 
this fact in writing must be issued by the certified marine chemist or 
the authorized person before the work is started. The certificate must 
include any requirements necessary to reasonably maintain safe 
conditions in the spaces certified throughout the operation, including 
any precautions necessary to eliminate or minimize hazards that may be 
present from protective coatings or residues from cargoes.
    (2) When not in a port or place in the United States or its 
territories and possessions, and when a marine chemist or a person 
authorized by the cognizant OCMI is not reasonably available, the master 
shall conduct the inspection and enter the results in the inspection in 
the vessel's logbook.
    (c) The owner, managing operator, or master shall obtain a copy of 
certificates issued by the certified marine chemist or the other person 
authorized by the cognizant OCMI, and shall ensure that all conditions 
on the certificates are observed and that the vessel is maintained in a 
safe condition. The owner, managing operator, or master shall maintain a 
safe condition on the vessel by requiring full observance, by persons 
under his or her control, of all requirements listed in the certificate.



                     Subpart H--Material Inspections



Sec. 176.800  Inspection standards.

    (a) A vessel is inspected for compliance with the standards required 
by this subchapter. Machinery, equipment, materials, and arrangements 
not covered by standards in this subchapter may be inspected in 
accordance with standards acceptable to the cognizant OCMI as good 
marine practice.
    (b) In the application of inspection standards due consideration 
must be given to the hazards involved in the operation permitted by a 
vessel's Certificate of Inspection. Thus, the standards

[[Page 195]]

may vary in accordance with the vessel's area of operation or any other 
operational restrictions or limitations.
    (c) The published standards of classification societies and other 
recognized safety associations may be used as guides in the inspection 
of vessels when such standards do not conflict with the requirements of 
this subchapter.



Sec. 176.801  Notice of inspection deficiencies and requirements.

    (a) If during the inspection of a vessel, the vessel or its 
equipment is found not to conform to the requirements of law or the 
regulations in this subchapter, the marine inspector will point out 
deficiencies observed and discuss all requirements with the owner, 
managing operator, or a representative thereof. Normally, the marine 
inspector will list all such requirements that have not been completed 
and present the list to the owner, managing operator, or a 
representative thereof. However, when a deficiency presents a serious 
safety hazard to the vessel or it's passengers or crew, and exists 
through negligence or willful noncompliance, the marine inspector may 
issue a Report of Violation (ROV) to the owner, managing operator, or a 
representative thereof.
    (b) In any case where further clarification of or reconsideration of 
any requirement placed against the vessel is desired, the owner, 
managing operator, or a representative thereof, may discuss the matter 
with the cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 176.802  Hull.

    (a) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification of a 
vessel, the owner or managing operator shall be prepared to conduct 
tests and have the vessel ready for inspections of the hull structure 
and its appurtenances, including the following:
    (1) Inspection of all accessible parts of the exterior and interior 
of the hull, the watertight bulkheads, and weather decks;
    (2) Inspection and operation of all watertight closures in the hull, 
decks, and bulkheads including through hull fittings and sea valves;
    (3) Inspection of the condition of the superstructure, masts, and 
similar arrangements constructed on the hull, and on a sailing vessel 
all spars, standing rigging, running rigging, blocks, fittings, and 
sails;
    (4) Inspection of all railings and bulwarks and their attachment to 
the hull structure;
    (5) Inspection to ensure that guards or rails are provided in 
dangerous places;
    (6) Inspection and operation of all weathertight closures above the 
weather deck and the provisions for drainage of sea water from the 
exposed decks; and
    (7) Inspection of all interior spaces to ensure that they are 
adequately ventilated and drained, and that means of escape are adequate 
and properly maintained.
    (b) The vessel must be afloat for at least a portion of the 
inspection as required by the marine inspector.
    (c) When required by the marine inspector, a portion of the 
inspection must be conducted while the vessel is underway so that the 
working of the hull can be observed.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.804  Machinery.

    At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification of a 
vessel, the owner or managing operator shall be prepared to conduct 
tests and have the vessel ready for inspections of machinery, fuel, and 
piping systems, including the following:
    (a) Operation of the main propulsion machinery both ahead and 
astern;
    (b) Operational test and inspection of engine control mechanisms 
including primary and alternate means of starting machinery;
    (c) Inspection of all machinery essential to the routine operation 
of the vessel including generators and cooling systems;
    (d) External inspection of fuel tanks and inspection of tank vents, 
piping, and pipe fittings;
    (e) Inspection of all fuel system;
    (f) Operational test of all valves in fuel lines by operating 
locally and at remote operating positions;
    (g) Operational test of all overboard discharge and intake valves 
and watertight bulkhead pipe penetration valves;

[[Page 196]]

    (h) Operational test of the means provided for pumping bilges; and
    (i) Test of machinery alarms including bilge high level alarms.



Sec. 176.806  Electrical.

    At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification of a 
vessel, the owner or managing operator shall be prepared to conduct 
tests and have the vessel ready for inspection of electrical equipment 
and systems, including the following:
    (a) Inspection of all cable as far as practicable without undue 
disturbance of the cable or electrical apparatus;
    (b) Test of circuit breakers by manual operation;
    (c) Inspection of fuses including ensuring the ratings of fuses are 
suitable for the service intended;
    (d) Inspection of rotating electrical machinery essential to the 
routine operation of the vessel;
    (e) Inspection of all generators, motors, lighting fixtures and 
circuit interrupting devices located in spaces or areas that may contain 
flammable vapors;
    (f) Inspection of batteries for condition and security of stowage;
    (g) Operational test of electrical apparatus, which operates as part 
of or in conjunction with a fire detection or alarms system installed on 
board the vessel, by simulating, as closely as practicable, the actual 
operation in case of fire; and
    (h) Operational test of all emergency electrical systems.



Sec. 176.808  Lifesaving

    (a) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification of a 
vessel, the owner or managing operator shall be prepared to conduct 
tests and have the vessel ready for inspection of lifesaving equipment 
and systems, including the following:
    (1) Tests of each rescue boat and each rescue boat launching 
appliance and survival craft launching appliance in accordance with 
Sec. 71.25-15 in subchapter H of this chapter;
    (2) Inspection of each lifejacket, work vest, and marine buoyant 
device;
    (3) If used, inspection of the passenger safety orientation cards or 
pamphlets allowed by Sec. 185.506(b)(2) of this chapter;
    (4) Inspection of each inflatable liferaft and inflatable lifejacket 
to determine that it has been serviced as required by Sec. 185.730 of 
this chapter; and
    (5) Inspection of each hydrostatic release unit to determine that it 
is in compliance with the servicing and usage requirements of 
Sec. 185.740 of this chapter.
    (b) Each item of lifesaving equipment determined by the marine 
inspector to not be in serviceable condition must be repaired or 
replaced.
    (c) Each item of lifesaving equipment with an expiration date on it 
must be replaced if the expiration date has passed.
    (d) The owner or managing operator shall destroy, in the presence of 
the marine inspector, each lifejacket, other personal floatation device, 
and other lifesaving device found to be defective and incapable of 
repair.
    (e) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification of a 
vessel, the vessel must be equipped with an adult size lifejacket for 
each person authorized. The vessel must also be equipped with child size 
lifejackets equal to at least:
    (1) 10 percent of the maximum number of passengers permitted to be 
carried unless children are prohibited from being carried aboard the 
vessel; or
    (2) 5 percent of the maximum number of passengers permitted to be 
carried if all extended size lifejackets are provided.
    (f) Lifejackets, work vests, and marine buoyant devices may be 
marked with the date and marine inspection zone to indicate that they 
have been inspected and found to be in serviceable condition by a marine 
inspector.
    (g) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification, the 
marine inspector may require that an abandon ship or man overboard drill 
be held under simulated emergency conditions specified by the inspector.



Sec. 176.810  Fire protection.

    (a) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification, the 
owner or managing operator shall be prepared to conduct tests and have 
the vessel ready

[[Page 197]]

for inspection of its fire protection equipment, including the 
following:
    (1) Inspection of each hand portable fire extinguisher, semiportable 
fire extinguisher, and fixed gas fire extinguishing system to check for 
excessive corrosion and general condition;
    (2) Inspection of piping, controls, and valves, and the inspection 
and testing of alarms and ventilation shutdowns, for each fixed gas fire 
extinguishing system and detecting system to determine that the system 
is in operating condition;
    (3) Operation of the fire main system and checking of the pressure 
at the most remote and highest outlets;
    (4) Testing of each fire hose to a test pressure equivalent to its 
maximum service pressure;
    (5) Checking of each cylinder containing compressed gas to ensure it 
has been tested and marked in accordance with Sec. 147.60 in subchapter 
N of this chapter;
    (6) Testing or renewal of flexible connections and discharge hoses 
on semiportable extinguishers and fixed gas extinguishing systems in 
accordance with Sec. 147.65 in subchapter N of this chapter; and
    (7) Inspection and testing of all smoke and fire detection systems, 
including sensors and alarms.
    (b) The owner, managing operator, or a qualified servicing facility 
as applicable shall conduct the following inspections and tests:
    (1) For portable fire extinguishers, the inspections, maintenance 
procedures, and hydrostatic pressure tests required by Chapter 4 of NFPA 
10, ``Portable Fire Extinguishers,'' with the frequency specified by 
NFPA 10. In addition, carbon dioxide and Halon portable fire 
extinguishers must be refilled when the net content weight loss exceeds 
that specified for fixed systems by Table 176.810(b). The owner or 
managing operator shall provide satisfactory evidence of the required 
servicing to the marine inspector. If any of the equipment or records 
have not been properly maintained, a qualified servicing facility must 
be required to perform the required inspections, maintenance procedures, 
and hydrostatic pressure tests. A tag issued by a qualified servicing 
organization, and attached to each extinguisher, may be accepted as 
evidence that the necessary maintenance procedures have been conducted.
    (2) For semiportable and fixed gas fire extinguishing systems, the 
inspections and tests required by Table 176.810(b), in addition to the 
tests required by Secs. 147.60 and 147.65 in subchapter N of this 
chapter. The owner or managing operator shall provide satisfactory 
evidence of the required servicing to the marine inspector. If any of 
the equipment or records have not been properly maintained, a qualified 
servicing facility may be required to perform the required inspections, 
maintenance procedures, and hydrostatic pressure tests.

  Table 176.810(b).--Semiportable and Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Type System                             Test                
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Carbon dioxide....................  Weigh cylinders. Recharge if weight 
                                     loss exceeds 10% of weight of      
                                     charge. Test time delays, alarms,  
                                     and ventilation shutdowns with     
                                     carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or other 
                                     nonflammable gas as stated in the  
                                     system manufacturer's instruction  
                                     manual. Inspection hoses and       
                                     nozzles to be sure they are clean. 
Halon.............................  Weigh cylinders. Recharge if weight 
                                     loss exceeds 5% of weight of       
                                     charge. If the system has a        
                                     pressure gauge, also recharge if   
                                     pressure loss (adjusted for        
                                     temperature) exceeds 10%. Test time
                                     delays, alarms and ventilation     
                                     shutdowns with carbon dioxide,     
                                     nitrogen, or other nonflammable gas
                                     as stated in the system            
                                     manufacturer's instruction manual. 
                                     Inspect hoses and nozzles to be    
                                     sure they are clean.               
Dry Chemical (cartridge operated).  Examine pressure cartridge and      
                                     replace if end is punctured or if  
                                     determined to have leaked or to be 
                                     in unsuitable condition. Inspect   
                                     hose and nozzle to see if they are 
                                     clear. Insert charged cartridge.   
                                     Ensure dry chemical is free flowing
                                     (not caked) and extinguisher       
                                     contains full charge.              
Dry chemical (stored pressure)....  See that pressure gauge is in       
                                     operating range. If not, or if the 
                                     seal is broken, weigh or otherwise 
                                     determined that extinguisher is    
                                     fully charged with dry chemical.   
                                     Recharge if pressure is low or if  
                                     dry chemical is needed.            

[[Page 198]]

                                                                        
Foam (stored pressure)............  See that pressure gauge, if so      
                                     equipped, is in the operating      
                                     range. If not, or if the seal is   
                                     broken, weigh or otherwise         
                                     determine that extinguisher is     
                                     fully charged with foam. Recharge  
                                     if pressure is low or if foam is   
                                     needed. Replace premixed agent     
                                     every 3 years.                     
Clean Agents (Halon replacements).  (To be developed)                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) The owner, managing operator, or master shall destroy, in the 
presence of the marine inspector, each fire hose found to be defective 
and incapable of repair.
    (d) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification, the 
marine inspector may require that a fire drill be held under simulated 
emergency conditions to be specified by the inspector.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.812  Pressure vessels and boilers.

    (a) Periodic inspection and testing requirements for pressure 
vessels are contained in Sec. 61.10 in subchapter F of this chapter.
    (b) Periodic inspection and testing requirements for boilers are 
contained in Sec. 61.10 in subchapter F of this chapter.



Sec. 176.814  Steering systems.

    At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification the 
owner or managing operator shall be prepared to test the steering 
systems of the vessel and make them available for inspection to the 
extent necessary to determine that they are in suitable condition and 
fit for the service intended. Servo-type power systems, such as orbital 
systems, must be tested and capable of smooth operation by a single 
person in the manual mode, with hydraulic pumps secured.



Sec. 176.816  MIscellaneous systems and equipment.

    At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification the 
owner or managing operator shall be prepared to test and make available 
for inspection all items in the ship's outfit, such as ground tackle, 
navigation lights and equipment, markings, and placards, which are 
required to be carried by the regulations in this subchapter, as 
necessary to determine that they are fit for the service intended.



Sec. 176.818  Sanitary inspection.

    At each inspection for certification and at every other vessel 
inspection, quarters, toilet and washing spaces, galleys, serving 
pantries, lockers, and similar spaces may be examined to determine that 
they are serviceable and in a sanitary condition.



Sec. 176.830  Unsafe practices.

    (a) At each inspection for certification and at every other vessel 
inspection all observed unsafe practices, fire hazards, and other 
hazardous situations must be corrected an all required guards and 
protective devices must be in satisfactory condition.
    (b) At each inspection for certification and at every other vessel 
inspection the bilges and other spaces may be examined to see that there 
is no excessive accumulation of oil, trash, debris, or other matter that 
might create a fire hazard, clog bilge pumping systems, or block 
emergency escapes.



Sec. 176.840  Additional tests and inspections.

    The cognizant OCMI may require that a vessel and its equipment 
undergo any additional test or inspection deemed reasonable and 
necessary to determine that the vessel and its equipment are suitable 
for the service in which they are to be employed.



Subpart I--International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as 
                             Amended (SOLAS)



Sec. 176.900  Applicability.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this subpart, a mechanically 
propelled vessel of the United States, which carries more than 12 
passengers on an

[[Page 199]]

international voyage must be in compliance with the applicable 
requirements of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 
1974, as Amended (SOLAS), to which the United States Government is 
currently a party.
    (b) SOLAS does not apply to a vessel solely navigating the Great 
Lakes and the St. Lawrence River as far east as a straight line drawn 
from Cap des Rosiers to West Point, Anticosti Island and, on the north 
side of Anticosti Island, the 63rd Meridian.



Sec. 176.910  Passenger Ship Safety Certificate.

    (a) A vessel, which carries more than 12 passengers on an 
international voyage must have a valid SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety 
Certificate. The Commandant issues the original SOLAS Passenger Ship 
Safety Certificate after receiving notification from the cognizant OCMI 
that the vessel complies with the applicable SOLAS regulations. 
Subsequent SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificates are issued by the 
cognizant OCMI unless any changes to the vessel or its operations have 
occurred which changes the information on the certificate, in which case 
the Commandant will reissue the certificate.
    (b) The route specified on the Certificate of Inspection and the 
SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificate must agree.
    (c) A SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificate is issued for a period 
of not more than 12 months.
    (d) The SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificate may be withdrawn, 
revoked, or suspended at any time when the vessel is not in compliance 
with applicable SOLAS requirements.



Sec. 176.920  Exemptions.

    (a) In accordance with Chapter I (General Provisions) Regulation 4, 
of SOLAS, the Commandant may exempt a vessel, which is not normally 
engaged on an international voyage but that in exceptional circumstances 
is required to undertake a single international voyage from any of the 
requirements of the regulations of SOLAS provided that the vessel 
complies with safety requirements that are adequate, in the Commandant's 
opinion, for the voyage that is to be undertaken.
    (b) In accordance with Chapter II-1 (Construction--Subdivision and 
Stability, Machinery and Electrical Installations) Regulation 1, Chapter 
II-2 (Construction--Fire Protection, Fire Detection and Fire Extinction) 
Regulation 1, and Chapter III (Life Saving Appliances and Arrangements) 
Regulation 2 of SOLAS, the Commandant may exempt a vessel that does not 
proceed more than 20 miles from the nearest land from any of the 
specific requirements of Chapters II-1, II-2, and III of SOLAS if the 
Commandant determines that the sheltered nature and conditions of the 
voyage are such as to render the application of such requirements 
unreasonable or unnecessary.
    (c) The Commandant may exempt a vessel from requirements of the 
regulations of SOLAS in accordance with paragraphs (a) and (b) of this 
section upon a written request from the owner or managing operator 
submitted to the Commandant via the cognizant OCMI.
    (d) When the Commandant grants an exemption to a vessel in 
accordance with this section, the Commandant will issue the original 
SOLAS Exemption Certificate describing the exemption. Subsequent SOLAS 
Exemption Certificates are issued by the cognizant OCMI unless any 
changes to the vessel or its operations have occurred that changes the 
information on the SOLAS Exemption or Passenger Ship Safety 
Certificates, in which case the Commandant will reissue the certificate. 
A SOLAS Exemption Certificate is not valid for longer than the period of 
the SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificate to which it refers.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 953, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 176.930  Equivalents.

    In accordance with Chapter I (General Provisions) Regulation 5, of 
SOLAS, the Commandant may accept an equivalent to a particular fitting, 
material, appliance, apparatus, or any particular provision required by 
SOLAS regulations if satisfied that such equivalent is at least as 
effective as that required by the regulations. An owner or managing 
operator of a vessel

[[Page 200]]

may submit a request for the acceptance of an equivalent following the 
procedures in Sec. 175.540 of this chapter. The Commandant will indicate 
the acceptance of an equivalent on the vessel's SOLAS Passenger Ship 
Safety Certificate.



PART 177--CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
177.100  General requirement.
177.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

                            Subpart B--Plans

177.202  Plans and information required.
177.210  Plans for sister vessels.

                        Subpart C--Hull Structure

177.300  Structural design.
177.310  Satisfactory service as a design basis.
177.315  Vessles of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
          carrying not more than 12 passengers.
177.330  Sailing vessels.
177.340  Alternate design considerations.

                       Subpart D--Fire Protection

177.405  General arrangement and outfitting.
177.410  Structural fire protection.

                     Subpart E--Escape Requirements

177.500  Means of escape.

                         Subpart F--Ventilation

177.600  Ventilation of enclosed and partially enclosed spaces.
177.620  Ventilation of machinery and fuel tank spaces.

                         Subpart G--Crew Spaces

177.700  General requirements.
177.710  Overnight accommodations.

                   Subpart H--Passenger Accommodations

177.800  General requirements.
177.810  Overnight accommodations.
177.820  Seating.

                       Subpart I--Rails and Guards

177.900  Deck rails.
177.920  Storm rails.
177.940  Guards in vehicle spaces.
177.960  Guards for exposed hazards.
177.970  Protection against hot piping.

              Subpart J--Window Construction and Visibility

177.1010  Safety glazing materials.
177.1020  Strength.
177.1030  Operating station visibility.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 
1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 961, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 177.100   General requirement.

    The construction and arrangement of a vessel must allow the safe 
operation of the vessel in accordance with the terms of its certificate 
of Inspection giving consideration to provisions for a seaworthy hull, 
protection against fire, means of escape in case of a sudden unexpected 
casualty, guards and rails in hazardous places, ventilation of enclosed 
spaces, and necessary facilities for passengers and crew.



Sec. 177.115   Applicability to existing vessels.

    (a) Except as otherwise required by paragraph (b) of this section, 
an existing vessel must comply with the construction and arrangement 
regulations that were applicable to the vessel on March 10, 1996, or, as 
an alternative, the vessel may comply with the regulations in this part.
    (b) Alterations, or modifications made to the structure or 
arrangements of an existing vessel, that are a major conversion, on or 
after March 11, 1996, must comply with the regulations of this part. 
Repairs or maintenance conducted on an existing vessel, resulting in no 
significant changes to the original structure or arrangement of the 
vessel, must comply with the regulations applicable to the vessel on 
March 10, 1996, or, as an alternative, with the regulations in this 
part. However, when outfit items such as furnishings and mattresses are 
renewed, they must comply with the regulations in this part.

[[Page 201]]



                            Subpart B--Plans



Sec. 177.202   Plans and information required.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section and 
Sec. 177.210 of this part, the owner of a vessel requesting initial 
inspection for certification shall, prior to the start of construction 
unless otherwise allowed by the cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection (OCMI), submit for approval to the cognizant OCMI, at least 
two copies of the following plans:
    (1) Outboard profile;
    (2) Inboard profile; and
    (3) Arrangement of decks.
    (b) In addition, the owner shall, prior to receiving a Certificate 
of Inspection, submit for approval to the cognizant OCMI, at least two 
copies of the following plans, manuals, analyses, and calculations that 
are applicable to the vessel as determined by the OCMI:
    (1) Midship section;
    (2) Survival craft embarkation stations;
    (3) Machinery installation, including but not limited to:
    (i) Propulsion and propulsion control, including shaft details;
    (ii) Steering and steering control, including rudder details;
    (iii) Ventilation diagrams; and
    (iv) Engine exhaust diagram;
    (4) Electrical installation including, but not limited to:
    (i) Elementary one-line diagram of the power system;
    (ii) Cable lists;
    (iii) Bills of materials;
    (iv) Type and size of generators and prime movers;
    (v) Type and size of generator cables, bus-tie cables, feeders, and 
branch circuit cables;
    (vi) Power, lighting, and interior communication panelboards with 
number of circuits and rating of energy consuming devices;
    (vii) Type of capacity of storage batteries;
    (viii) Rating of circuit breakers and switches, interrupting 
capacity of circuit breakers, and rating and setting of overcurrent 
devices; and
    (ix) Electrical plant load analysis.
    (5) Lifesaving equipment locations and installation;
    (6) Fire protection equipment installation including, but not 
limited to:
    (i) Fire main system plans and calculations;
    (ii) Fixed gas fire extinguishing system plans and calculations;
    (iii) Fire detecting system and smoke detecting system plans;
    (iv) Sprinkler system diagram and calculations; and
    (v) Portable fire extinguisher types, sizes and locations;
    (7) Fuel tanks;
    (8) Piping systems including: bilge, ballast, hydraulic, sanitary, 
compressed air, combustible and flammable liquids, vents, soundings, and 
overflows;
    (9) Hull penetrations and shell connections;
    (10) Marine sanitation device model number, approval number, 
connecting wiring and piping; and
    (11) Lines and offsets, curves of form, cross curves of stability, 
and tank capacities including size and location on vessel; and
    (12) On sailing vessels:
    (i) Masts, including integration into the ship's structure; and
    (ii) Rigging plan showing sail areas and centers of effort as well 
as the arrangement, dimensions, and connections of the standing rigging.
    (c) For a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, 
the owner may submit specifications, sketches, photographs, line 
drawings or written descriptions instead of any of the required 
drawings, provided the required information is adequately detailed and 
acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.
    (d) An owner may submit any plans, manuals, or calculations, 
required to be submitted to the OCMI under this part, to the Commanding 
Officer, U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Center (Marine Safety Center), 
400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590-0001. Three copies of all 
documents are required to be submitted for Marine Safety Center plan 
approval.
    (e) For a vessel, the construction of which was begun prior to 
approval of the plans and information required by paragraphs (a) and (b) 
of this section, the cognizant OCMI may require any

[[Page 202]]

additional plans and information, manufacturers' certifications of 
construction, testing including reasonable destructive testing, and 
inspections, which the OCMI determines are necessary to verify that the 
vessel complies with the requirements of this subchapter.



Sec. 177.210  Plans for sister vessels.

    (a) Plans are not required for a vessel that is a sister vessel, 
provided:
    (1) Approved plans for the original vessel are on file at the Marine 
Safety Center or in the files of the cognizant OCMI;
    (2) The owner of the plans authorizes their use for the new 
construction of the sister vessel;
    (3) The regulations used for the original plan approval have not 
changed since the original approval; and
    (4) There are no major modifications to any of the systems to be 
used.
    (b) If approved plans for the original vessel are not on file at the 
MSC or with the cognizant OCMI, the vessel owner shall submit plans as 
described in Sec. 177.202 of this part.



                        Subpart C--Hull Structure



Sec. 177.300  Structural design.

    Except as otherwise allowed by this subpart, a vessel must comply 
with the structural design requirements of one of the standards listed 
below for the hull material of the vessel.
    (a) Wooden hull vessels--Rules and Regulations for the 
Classification of Yachts and Small Craft, Lloyd's Register of Shipping 
(Lloyd's);
    (b) Steel hull vessels:
    (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small 
Craft, Lloyd's; or
    (2) Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 61 Meters 
(200 Ft) in Length, American Bureau of Shipping (ABS);
    (c) Fiber reinforced plastic vessels:
    (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small 
Craft, Lloyd's; or
    (2) Rules for Building and Classing Reinforced Plastic Vessels, ABS;
    (d) Aluminum hull vessels:
    (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small 
Craft, Lloyd's; or
    (i) For a vessel of more than 30.5 meters (100 feet) in length--
Rules for Building and Classing Aluminum Vessels, ABS; or
    (ii) For a vessel of not more than 30.5 meters (100 feet) in 
length--Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 61 Meters 
(200 Feet) in Length, ABS, with the appropriate conversions from the ABS 
Rules for Building and Classing Aluminum Vessels;
    (2) [Reserved]
    (e) Steel hull vessels operating in protected waters--Rules for 
Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and 
Intracoastal Waterways, ABS.



Sec. 177.310  Satisfactory service as a design basis.

    When scantlings for the hull, deckhouse, and frames of the vessel 
differ from those specified by the standards listed in Sec. 177.300 of 
this part, and the owner can demonstrate that the vessel, or another 
vessel approximating the same size, power, and displacement, has been 
built to such scantlings and has been in satisfactory service insofar as 
structural adequacy is concerned for a period of at least 5 years, such 
scantlings may be approved by the cognizant OCMI instead of the 
scantlings required by the applicable standards specified in 
Sec. 177.300 of this part.



Sec. 177.315  Vessels of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length carrying not more than 12 passengers.

    The scantlings for a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) 
in length carrying not more than 12 passengers that do not meet the 
standards in Secs. 177.300 or 177.310 may be approved by the cognizant 
OCMI if the builder of the vessel establishes to the satisfaction of the 
OCMI that the design and construction of the vessel is adequate for the 
intended service.



Sec. 177.330  Sailing vessels.

    The design, materials, and construction of masts, posts, yards, 
booms, bowsprits, and standing rigging on a sailing vessel must be 
suitable for the intended service. The hull structure

[[Page 203]]

must be adequately reinforced to ensure sufficient strength and 
resistance to plate buckling. The cognizant OCMI may require the owner 
to submit detailed calculations on the strength of the mast, post, 
yards, booms, bowsprits, and standing rigging to the Marine Safety 
Center for evaluation.



Sec. 177.340  Alternate design considerations.

    When the structure of vessel is of novel design, unusual form, or 
special materials, which cannot be reviewed or approved in accordance 
with Secs. 177.300, 177.310 or 177.315, the structure may be approved by 
the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center, when it can be shown by 
systematic analysis based on engineering principles that the structure 
provides adequate safety and strength. The owner shall submit detailed 
plans, material component specifications, and design criteria, including 
the expected operating environment, resulting loads on the vessel, and 
design limitations for such vessel, to the Marine Safety Center.



                       Subpart D--Fire Protection



Sec. 177.405  General arrangement and outfitting.

    (a) Fire hazards to be minimized. The general construction of the 
vessel must be such as to minimize fire hazards insofar as it is 
reasonable and practicable.
    (b) Combustibles insulated from heated surfaces. Internal combustion 
engine exhausts, boiler and galley uptakes, and similar sources of 
ignition must be kept clear of and suitably insulated from combustible 
material. Dry exhaust systems for internal combustion engines on wooden 
or fiber reinforced plastic vessels must be installed in accordance with 
American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) Standard P-1 ``Installation of 
Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines.''
    (c) Separation of machinery and fuel tank spaces from accommodation 
spaces. Machinery and fuel tank spaces must be separated from 
accommodation spaces by boundaries that prevent the passage of vapors.
    (d) Paint and flammable liquid lockers. Paint and flammable liquid 
lockers must be constructed of steel or equivalent material, or wholly 
lined with steel or equivalent material.
    (e) Vapor barriers. Vapor barriers must be provided where insulation 
of any type is used in spaces where flammable and combustible liquids or 
vapors are present, such as machinery spaces and paint lockers.
    (f) Waste receptacles. Unless other means are provided to ensure 
that a potential waste receptacle fire would be limited to the 
receptacle, waste receptacles must be constructed of noncombustible 
materials with no openings in the sides or bottom.
    (g) Mattresses. All mattresses must comply with either:
    (1) The U.S. Department of Commerce ``Standard for Mattress 
Flammability'' (FF 4-72.16), 16 CFR Part 1632, Subpart A and not contain 
polyurethane foam; or
    (2) International Maritime Organization Resolution A.688(17) ``Fire 
Test Procedures For Ignitability of Bedding Components.'' Mattresses 
that are tested to this standard may contain polyurethane foam.



Sec. 177.410  Structural fire protection.

    (a) Cooking areas. Vertical or horizontal surfaces within 910 
millimeters (3 feet) of cooking appliances must have an American Society 
for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E-84 ``Surface Burning Characteristics 
of Building Materials'' flame spread rating of not more than 75. 
Curtains, draperies, or free hanging fabrics must not be fitted within 
910 millimeters (3 feet) of cooking or heating appliances.
    (b) Fiber reinforced plastic. When the hull, decks, deckhouse, or 
superstructure of a vessel is partially or completely constructed of 
fiber reinforced plastic, including composite construction, the resin 
used must have an ASTM E-84 flame spread rating of not more than 100.
    (c) Use of general purpose resin. General purpose resins may be used 
in lieu of those having an ASTM E-84 flame spread rating of not more 
than 100 provided that the following additional requirements are met:
    (1) Cooking and heating appliances. Galleys must be surrounded by B-
15 Class fire boundaries. This may not

[[Page 204]]

apply to concession stands that are not considered high fire hazards 
areas (galleys) as long as they do not contain medium to high heat 
appliances such as deep fat fryers, flat plate type grilles, and open 
ranges with heating surfaces exceeding 121  deg.C(250  deg.F). Open 
flame systems for cooking and heating are not allowed.
    (2) Sources of ignition. Electrical equipment and switch boards must 
be protected from fuel or water sources. Fuel lines and hoses must be 
located as far as practical from heat sources. Internal combustion 
engine exhausts, boiler and galley uptakes, and similar sources of 
ignition must be kept clear of and suitability insulated from any 
woodwork or other combustible matter. Internal combustion engine dry 
exhaust systems must be installed in accordance with ABYC Standard P-1.
    (3) Fire detection and extinguishing systems. Fire detection and 
extinguishing systems must be installed in compliance with Secs. 181.400 
through 181.420 of this chapter. Additionally, all fiber reinforced 
plastic (FRP) vessels constructed with general purpose resins must be 
fitted with a smoke activated fire detection system of an approved type, 
installed in accordance with Sec. 76.27 in subchapter H of this chapter, 
in all accommodation spaces, all service spaces, and in isolated spaces 
such as voids and storage lockers that contain an ignition source such 
as electric equipment or piping for a dry exhaust system.
    (4) Machinery space boundaries. Boundaries that separate machinery 
spaces from accommodation spaces, service spaces, and control spaces 
must be lined with noncombustible panels or insulation approved in 
accordance with Sec. 164.009 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other 
standard specified by the Commandant.
    (5) Furnishings. Furniture and furnishings must comply with 
Sec. 116.423 in subchapter K of this chapter.
    (d) Limitations on the use of general purpose resin.--(1) Overnight 
accommodations. Vessels with overnight passenger accommodations for more 
than 12 persons must not be constructed with general purpose resin.
    (2) Gasoline fuel systems. Vessels with engines powered by gasoline 
or other fuels having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower 
must not be constructed with general purpose resin, except for vessels 
powered by outboard engines with portable fuel tanks stored in an open 
area aft, if, as determined by the cognizant OCMI, the arrangement does 
not produce an unreasonable hazard.
    (3) Cargo. Vessels carrying or intended to carry hazardous 
combustible or flammable cargo must not be constructed with general 
purpose resin.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 961, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24464, May 15, 1996]



                     Subpart E--Escape Requirements



Sec. 177.500  Means of escape.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, each space 
accessible to passengers or used by the crew on a regular basis, must 
have at least two means of escape, one of which must not be a watertight 
door.
    (b) The two required means of escape must be widely separated and, 
if possible, at opposite ends or sides of the space to minimize the 
possibility of one incident blocking both escapes.
    (c) Subject to the restrictions of this section, means of escape may 
include normal exits and emergency exits, passageways, stairways, 
ladders, deck scuttles, and windows.
    (d) The number and dimensions of the means of escape from each space 
must be sufficient for rapid evacuation in an emergency for the number 
of persons served. In determining the number of persons served, a space 
must be considered to contain at least the number of persons as follows:
    (1) Passenger overnight accommodation spaces: Designed capacity;
    (2) Accommodation spaces having fixed seating for passengers: 
Maximum seating capacity;
    (3) Public spaces, including spaces such as casinos, restaurants, 
club rooms, and cinemas, and public accommodation spaces as defined in 
Sec. 175.400 of this subchapter, except overnight accommodation spaces: 
One person may be permitted for each 0.9 square meters (10 square) feet 
of deck area. In computing such deck area, the following areas must be 
excluded:

[[Page 205]]

    (i) Areas for which the number of persons permitted is determined 
using the fixed seating criterion;
    (ii) Obstructions, including stairway and elevator enclosures, 
elevated stages, bars, and cashier stands, but not including slot 
machines, tables, or other room furnishings;
    (iii) Toilets and washrooms;
    (iv) Interior passageways less than 860 millimeters (34 inches) wide 
and passageways on open deck less than 710 millimeters (28 inches) wide;
    (v) Spaces necessary for handling lifesaving equipment, anchor 
handling equipment, or line handling gear, or in way of sail booms or 
running rigging; and
    (vi) Bow pulpits, swimming platforms, and areas that do not have a 
solid deck, such as netting on multi hull vessels;
    (4) Crew overnight accommodation spaces: Two-thirds designed 
capacity; and
    (5) Work spaces: Occupancy under normal operating conditions.
    (e) The dimensions of a means of escape must be such as to allow 
easy movement of persons when wearing life jackets. There must be no 
protrusions in means of escape that could cause injury, ensnare 
clothing, or damage life jackets.
    (f) The minimum clear opening of a door or passageway used as a 
means of escape must not be less than 810 millimeters (32 inches) in 
width, however, doors or passageways used solely by crew members must 
have a clear opening not less than 710 millimeters (28 inches). The sum 
of the width of all doors and passageways used as means of escape from a 
space must not be less than 8.4 millimeters (0.333 inches) multiplied by 
the number of passengers for which the space is designed.
    (g) A dead end passageway, or the equivalent, of more than 6.1 
meters (20 feet) in length is prohibited.
    (h) Each door, hatch, or scuttle, used as a means of escape, must be 
capable of being opened by one person, from either side, in both light 
and dark conditions. The method of opening a means of escape must be 
obvious, rapid, and of adequate strength. Handles and securing devices 
must be permanently installed and not capable of being easily removed. A 
door, hatch or scuttle must open towards the expected direction of 
escape from the space served.
    (i) A means of escape which is not readily apparent to a person from 
both inside and outside the space must be adequately marked in 
accordance with Sec. 185.606 of this chapter.
    (j) A ladder leading to a deck scuttle may not be used as a means of 
escape except:
    (1) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a 
vertical ladder and a deck scuttle may be used as not more than one of 
the means of escape from passenger accommodation space; and
    (2) As not more than one of the means of escape from any crew 
accommodation space or work space.
    (k) Each ladder used as a means of escape must be mounted at least 
180 millimeters (7 inches) from the nearest permanent object in back of 
the ladder. Rungs must be:
    (1) At least 405 millimeters (16 inches) in width; and
    (2) Not more than 305 millimeters (12 inches) apart, and uniformly 
spaced for the length of the ladder with at least 114 millimeters (4.5 
inches) clearance above each rung.
    (l) When a deck scuttle serves as a means of escape, it must not be 
less than 455 millimeters (18 inches) in diameter and must be fitted 
with a quick acting release and a holdback device to hold the scuttle in 
an open position.
    (m) Footholds, handholds, ladders, and similar means provided to aid 
escape, must be suitable for use in emergency conditions, of rigid 
construction, and permanently fixed in position, unless they can be 
folded, yet brought into immediate service in an emergency.
    (n) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a 
window or windshield of sufficient size and proper accessibility may be 
used as one of the required means of escape from an enclosed space, 
provided it:
    (1) Does not lead directly overboard;
    (2) Can be opened or is designed to be kicked or pushed out; and
    (3) Is suitably marked.
    (o) Only one means of escape is required from a space where:

[[Page 206]]

    (1) The maximum dimension (length, breadth, or depth) of a space is 
less than 3.7 meters (12 feet);
    (2) There is no stove, heater, or other source of fire in the space;
    (3) The means of escape is located as far as possible from a 
machinery space or fuel tank; and
    (4) If an accommodation space, the single means of escape does not 
include a deck scuttle or a ladder.
    (p) Alternative means of escape from spaces may be provided if 
acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.



                         Subpart F--Ventilation



Sec. 177.600  Ventilation of enclosed and partially enclosed spaces.

    (a) An enclosed or partially enclosed space within a vessel must be 
adequately ventilated in a manner suitable for the purpose of the space.
    (b) A power ventilation system must be capable of being shut down 
from the pilot house.
    (c) An enclosed crew accommodation space and any other space 
occupied by a crew member on a regular basis must be ventilated by a 
power ventilation system unless natural ventilation in all ordinary 
weather conditions is satisfactory to the OCMI.
    (d) An exhaust duct over a frying vat or a grill must be of at least 
11 U.S. Standard Gauge steel.
    (e) Combustibles and other foreign materials are not allowed within 
ventilation ducts. However, metal piping and electrical wiring installed 
in a metal protective enclosure may be installed within ventilation 
ducts, provided that the piping or the wiring does not interfere with 
the operation of fire dampers. Electrical wiring and piping may not be 
installed in an exhaust duct over a frying vat or grill.



Sec. 177.620  Ventilation of machinery and fuel tank spaces.

    In addition to the requirements of this subpart, ventilation systems 
for spaces containing machinery or fuel tanks must comply with the 
requirements of part 182 of this chapter.



                         Subpart G--Crew Spaces



Sec. 177.700  General requirements.

    (a) A crew accommodation space and a work space must be of 
sufficient size, adequate construction, and with suitable equipment to 
provide for the safe operation of the vessel and the protection and 
accommodation of the crew in a manner practicable for the size, 
facilities, service, route, speed, and modes of operation of the vessel.
    (b) The deck above a crew accommodation space must be located above 
the deepest load waterline.



Sec. 177.710  Overnight accommodations.

    Overnigt accommodations must be provided for all crew members if the 
vessel is operated more than 12 hours in a 24 hour period, unless the 
crew is put ashore and the vessel is provided with a new crew.



                   Subpart H--Passenger Accommodations



Sec. 177.800  General requirements.

    (a) All passenger accommodations must be arranged and equipped to 
provide for the safety of the passengers in consideration of the route, 
modes of operation, and speed of the vessel.
    (b) The height of ceilings in a passenger accommodation space, 
including aisles and passageways, must be at least 1,880 millimeters (74 
inches), but may be reduced at the sides of a space to allow the camber, 
wiring, ventilation ducts, and piping.
    (c) A passenger accommodation space must be maintained to minimize 
fire and safety hazards and to preserve sanitary conditions. Aisles must 
be kept clear of obstructions.
    (d) A passenger accommodation space must not contain:
    (1) Electrical generation equipment or transformers, high 
temperature parts, pipelines, rotating assemblies, or any other item 
that could injure a passenger, unless such an item is adequately 
shielded or isolated; and
    (2) A control for operating the vessel, unless the control is so 
protected and located that operation of the vessel by a crew member will 
not be impeded by

[[Page 207]]

a passenger during normal or emergency operations.
    (e) The deck above a passenger accommodation space must be located 
above the deepest load waterline.
    (f) A variation from a requirement of this subpart may be authorized 
by the cognizant OCMI for an unusual arrangement or design provided 
there is no significant reduction of space, accessibility, safety, or 
sanitation.



Sec. 177.810  Overnight accommodations.

    (a) A berth must be provided for each passenger authorized to be 
carried in overnight accommodation spaces. Each berth must measure at 
least 1,880 millimeters (74 inches) by 610 millimeters (24 inches) and 
have at least 610 millimeters (24 inches) of clear space above.
    (b) Berths must not be located more than three high and must be 
constructed of wood, fiber reinforced plastic, or metal. A berth located 
more than 1520 millimeters (60 inches) above the deck must be fitted 
with a suitable aid for access.
    (c) The Construction and arrangement of berths and other furniture 
must allow free and unobstructed access to each berth. Each berth must 
be immediately adjacent to an aisle leading to a means of escape from 
the accommodation space. An aisle alongside a berth must be at least 610 
millimeters (24 inches) wide. An aisle joining two or more aisles in an 
overnight accommodation space must be at least 1,060 millimeters (42 
inches) wide.



Sec. 177.820  Seating.

    (a) A seat must be provided for each passenger permitted in a space 
for which the fixed seating criterion in Sec. 176.113(b)(3) of this 
subchapter has been used to determine the number of passengers 
permitted.
    (b) A seat must be constructed to minimize the possibility of injury 
and avoid trapping occupants.
    (c) Installation of seats must provide for ready escape.
    (d) Seats, including fixed, temporary, or portable seats, must be 
arranged as follows:
    (1) An aisle of not more than 3.8 meters (15 feet) in overall length 
must be not less than 610 millimeters (24 inches) in width.
    (2) An aisle of more than 3.8 meters (15 feet) in overall length 
must be not less than 760 millimeters (30 inches) in width.
    (3) Where seats are in rows, the distance from seat front to seat 
front must be not less than 760 millimeters (30 inches) and the seats 
must be secured to a deck or bulkhead.
    (4) Seats used to determine the number of passengers permitted, in 
accordance with Sec. 176.113(b)(3) of this chapter, must be secured to 
the deck, bulkhead, or bulwark.



                       Subpart I--Rails and Guards



Sec. 177.900  Deck rails.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, rails or 
equivalent protection must be installed near the periphery of all decks 
of a vessel accessible to passengers or crew. Equivalent protection may 
include lifelines, wire rope, chains, and bulwarks, which provide 
strength and support equivalent to fixed rails. Deck rails must include 
a top rail with the minimum height required by this section, and lower 
courses or equivalent protection as required by this section.
    (b) Deck rails must be designed and constructed to withstand a point 
load of 91 kilograms (200 pounds) applied at any point in any direction, 
and a uniform load of 74 kilograms per meter (50 pounds per foot) 
applied to the top rail in any direction. The point and uniform loads do 
not need to be applied simultaneously.
    (c) Where space limitations make deck rails impractical for areas 
designed for crew use only, such as at narrow catwalks in way of 
deckhouse sides, hand grabs may be substituted.
    (d) The height of top rails required by paragraph (a) of this 
section must be as follows:
    (1) Rails on passenger decks of a ferry or a vessel engaged in 
excursion trips, including but not limited to sightseeing trips, dinner 
and party cruises, and overnight cruises, must be at least 1,000 
millimeters (39.5 inches) high.
    (2) Rails on a vessel subject to the 1966 International Convention 
on Load Lines must be at least 1,000 millimeters (39.5 inches) high.

[[Page 208]]

    (3) All other rails must be at least 910 millimeters (36 inches) 
high.
    (4) While engaged in big game angling, the minimum rail height may 
be reduced to not less than 760 millimeters (30 inches) in way of a 
person using specialized angling techniques or equipment, such as when 
using a pedestal mounted fixed fighting chair on a low freeboard vessel, 
if it can be shown that a higher rail would interfere with the fishing 
operation and the lower rail would not significantly reduce safety. A 
rail complying with the requirements of paragraphs (d)(1), (2), or (3) 
of this section as applicable must be installed when big game angling is 
not being conducted.
    (e) Where the principal business of the vessel requires the 
discharge of persons or cargo in a seaway, such as on pilot boats and 
dive boats, the cognizant OCMI may accept alternatives to the rails 
required in paragraphs (d)(1), (2), and (3) of this section for those 
areas of a deck where passengers or cargo are discharged and for which 
removable rails, lifelines, or chains would hinder discharge operations.
    (f) A sailing vessel, an open boat, or any other vessel not 
specifically covered elsewhere in this section, must have rails of a 
minimum height or equivalent protection as considered necessary by the 
cognizant OCMI, based on the vessel's operation, route, and seating 
arrangement.
    (g) Rail courses or the equivalent must be installed between a top 
rail required by paragraph (a) of this section, and the deck so that no 
open space exists that is more than 305 millimeters (12 inches) high 
except:
    (1) On passenger decks of a ferry or of a vessel on an excursion 
trip the following must be installed:
    (i) Bulwarks;
    (ii) Chain link fencing or wire mesh that has openings of not more 
than 4 inches in diameter; or
    (iii) Bars, slats, rail courses, or an equivalent spaced at 
intervals of not more than 100 millimeters (4 inches).
    (2) On a vessel subject to the 1966 International Convention on Load 
Lines, rail courses, or an equivalent, must be installed so that there 
is not an open space higher than 230 millimeters (9 inches) from the 
deck to the first rail course or equivalent.
    (h) Rails must be permanently installed except that the following 
rails may be removable;
    (1) Rails in way of embarkation stations and boarding locations;
    (2) Rails over 760 millimeters (30 inches) high in way of fishing 
seats addressed by paragraph (d)(4) of this section; and
    (3) Rails on a vessel when the service of the vessel is routinely 
changed, as determined by the cognizant OCMI, and the required top rail 
height varies depending on the service of the vessel at a particular 
time.



Sec. 177.920  Storm rails.

    Suitable storm rails or hand grabs must be installed where necessary 
in passageways, at deckhouse sides, and at ladders and hatches.



Sec. 177.940  Guards in vehicle spaces.

    On a vessel authorized to carry one or more vehicles, suitable 
chains, cables, or other barriers must be installed at the end of each 
vehicle runway. In addition, temporary rails or equivalent protection 
must be installed in way of each vehicle ramp, in compliance with 
Sec. 177.900, when the vessel is underway.



Sec. 177.960  Guards for exposed hazards.

    An exposed hazard, such as gears or rotating machinery, must be 
properly protected by a cover, guard, or rail.



Sec. 177.970  Protection against hot piping.

    Piping, including valves, pipe fittings and flanges, conveying 
vapor, gas, or liquid, the temperature of which exceeds 65.5 deg. C 
(150 deg. F), must be suitably insulated where necessary to prevent 
injuries.



              Subpart J--Window Construction and Visibility



Sec. 177.1010  Safety glazing materials.

    Glass and other glazing material used in windows accessible to 
passengers and crew must be of material that will

[[Page 209]]

not break into dangerous fragments if fractured.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 961, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 177.1020  Strength.

    Each window, port hole, and its means of attachment to the hull or 
deck house, must be capable of withstanding the maximum load from wave 
and wind conditions expected due to its location on the vessel and the 
authorized route of the vessel.



Sec. 177.1030  Operating station visibility.

    (a) Windows and other openings at the operating station must be of 
sufficient size and properly located to provide an adequate view for 
safe navigation in all operating conditions.
    (b) Glass or other glazing material used in windows at the operating 
station must have a light transmission of not less than 70 percent 
according to Test 2 of American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z 
26.1 ``Safety Glazing Materials For Motor Vehicles Operating on Land 
Highways,'' and must comply with Test 15 of ANSI Z 26.1 for Class I 
Optical Deviation.



PART 178--INTACT STABILITY AND SEAWORTHINESS--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
178.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

        Subpart B--Stability Instructions for Operating Personnel

178.210  Stability information.
178.220  Stability booklet.
178.230  Stability letter or Certificate of Inspection stability 
          details.

                  Subpart C--Intact Stability Standards

178.310  Applicability based on length and passenger capacity.
178.320  Intact stability requirements.
178.325  Intact stability requirements for a sailing vessel.
178.330  Simplified stability proof test.
178.340  Stability standards for pontoon vessels on protected waters.

                  Subpart D--Drainage of Weather Decks

178.410  Drainage of flush deck vessels.
178.420  Drainage of cockpit vessels.
178.430  Drainage of well deck vessels.
178.440  Drainage of open boats.
178.450  Calculation of drainage area for cockpit and well deck vessels.

                    Subpart E--Special Installations

178.510  Ballast.

    Authority: 43 U.S.C. 1333; 46 U.S. 2103, 3306, 3703; E.O. 12234, 45 
FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 966, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 178.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

    An existing vessel must comply with the intact stability and 
seaworthiness regulations which were applicable to the vessel on March 
10, 1996, or, as an alternative, the vessel may comply with the 
regulations in this part.



        Subpart B--Stability Instructions for Operating Personnel



Sec. 178.210  Stability information.

    (a) Stability information (stability details indicated on the 
Certificate of Inspection, a stability letter, or a stability booklet) 
is required on certain vessels by paragraphs (b) or (c) of this section. 
Enough stability information, including stability calculations and 
assumptions made to use them, must be provided to allow the master to be 
able to determine operating guidelines, loading restrictions, and ensure 
compliance with the applicable intact and damage stability regulations 
of this chapter.
    (b) A vessel which, under Sec. 178.310, must comply with 
requirements in subchapter S of this chapter, must have stability 
details on the vessel's Certificate of Inspection, a stability letter 
issued by the cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) or 
the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center, or an approved stability 
booklet. The form in which the stability information must be contained 
(i.e., stability details on the Certificate of Inspection, a stability 
letter, or a stability booklet) will be determined by the Commanding 
Officer, Marine Safety Center.

[[Page 210]]

    (c) When necessary for safe operation, the cognizant OCMI may place 
specific stability restrictions in a stability letter or on the 
Certificate of Inspection of a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 
feet) in length, which, under Sec. 178.310 of this part, must comply 
with the requirements of Sec. 178.320 of this part.



Sec. 178.220  Stability booklet.

    When the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center determines, in 
accordance with Sec. 178.210(b), that a vessel must have a stability 
booklet, the owner or operator must prepare the booklet in accordance 
with subchapter S of this chapter, and submit it to the Commanding 
Officer, Marine Safety Center.



Sec. 178.230  Stability letter or Certificate of Inspection stability details.

    (a) When the cognizant OCMI or the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety 
Center determines, in accordance with Sec. 178.210, that a vessel must 
have stability details indicated on its Certificate of Inspection or a 
stability letter, the owner or operator must submit the information 
listed in paragraph (b) of this section:
    (1) If Sec. 178.210(c) is applicable, to the OCMI for approval; or
    (2) If Sec. 178.210(b) is applicable, to the Commanding Officer, 
Marine Safety Center for approval.
    (b) The following applicable information, and the necessary 
calculations used to determine that information, must be submitted as 
required by paragraph (a) of this section:
    (1) Allowable number of passengers and crew on each deck;
    (2) Deepest waterline drafts or freeboard;
    (3) Location of watertight bulkheads and openings in watertight 
bulkheads;
    (4) Explanation of the vessel's subdivision and specific 
identification of the vessel's subdivision bulkheads;
    (5) Location of openings through watertight bulkheads, such as 
watertight doors, which must be closed to limit flooding in an 
emergency;
    (6) Location, type and amount of fixed ballast;
    (7) Location and details of foam flotation material; and
    (8) Maximum weight of portable equipment permitted on the vessel 
including diving equipment.



                  Subpart C--Intact Stability Standards



Sec. 178.310  Applicability based on length and passenger capacity.

    (a) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must 
meet the applicable requirements of Secs. 178.320 or 178.325, or of 
Sec. Sec. 170.170, 170.173, and 171.050 in subchapter S of this chapter, 
if:
    (1) Carrying not more than 150 passengers on a domestic voyage;
    (2) Carrying not more than 12 passengers on an international voyage; 
or
    (3) It has not more than one deck above the bulkhead deck, exclusive 
of a pilot house.
    (b) The following vessels must meet the appropriate requirements of 
Secs. 170.170, 170.173, 171.050, 171.055, ad 171.057 in subchapter S of 
this chapter;
    (1) A vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length;
    (2) A vessel carrying more than 12 passengers on an international 
voyage; and
    (3) A vessel with more than 1 deck above the bulkhead deck exclusive 
of a pilot house.



Sec. 178.320  Intact stability requirements.

    (a) A vessel, except a pontoon vessel operating on protected waters, 
must undergo a simplified stability proof test in accordance with 
Sec. 178.330 of this part in the presence of a Coast Guard marine 
inspector.
    (b) A pontoon vessel operating on protected waters must undergo a 
simplified stability proof test in accordance with Sec. 178.340 of this 
part in the presence of a Coast Guard marine inspector.
    (c) The cognizant OCMI may dispense with the simplified stability 
proof test in Sec. 178.330 for a vessel carrying not more than 49 
passengers where it can be established that, due to the form, 
arrangement, construction, number of decks, route, and operating 
restrictions of the vessel, the vessel's stability can be safely 
determined without such a test. Vessels which carry deck cargo

[[Page 211]]

must undergo a simplified stability proof test.
    (d) A vessel whose stability is questioned by the cognizant OCMI 
must be shown by design calculations to meet the applicable stability 
criteria of Secs. 170.170, 170.173, and 171.050 in subchapter S of this 
chapter in each condition of loading and operation.
    (e) A simplified stability proof test in accordance with 
Sec. 178.330 is conducted to determine if a vessel, as built and 
operated, has a minimum level of initial stability. Failure of the 
simplified test does not necessarily mean that the vessel lacks 
stability for the intended route, service, and operating condition, but 
that calculations or other methods must be used to evaluate the 
stability of the vessel.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 966, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 178.325  Intact stability requirements for a sailing vessel.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c) and (e) of this 
section, each sailing vessel must undergo a simplified stability proof 
test in accordance with Sec. 178.330 of this part in the presence of a 
Coast Guard marine inspector.
    (b) Each of the following sailing vessels must meet the intact 
stability standards of Secs. 170.170 and 171.055 in subchapter S of this 
chapter:
    (1) A vessel to be operated on exposed waters;
    (2) A vessel to be operated during non-daylight hours;
    (3) A vessel of unusual type, rig, or hull form, including vessels 
without a weathertight deck, such as open boats;
    (4) A vessel that carries more than 49 passengers;
    (5) A sailing school vessel that carries a combined total of six or 
more sailing school students or instructors;
    (6) A vessel on which downflooding occurs at angles of 60 deg. or 
less; and
    (7) A vessel which has a cockpit longer than Length Over Deck (LOD)/
5.
    (c) A catamaran must meet the intact stability requirements of 
Sec. 171.057 in subchapter S of this chapter while under sail as well as 
the intact stability requirements of Sec. 170.170 in subchapter S of 
this chapter or Sec. 178.320 under barepoles (if an auxiliary sailing 
vessel) and with storm sails set and trimmed flat (if a sailing vessel).
    (d) A sailing vessel that is not listed in paragraph (b) or (c) of 
this section and operates on partially protected waters must be equipped 
with a self-bailing cockpit.
    (e) The cognizant OCMI may perform operational tests to determine 
whether the vessel has adequate stability and satisfactory handling 
characteristics under sail for protected waters or partially protected 
waters, in lieu of conducting a simplified stability proof test.
    (f) Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center, may prescribe 
additional or different stability requirements for a broad, shallow 
draft vessel with little or no ballast outside the hull.



Sec. 178.330  Simplified stability proof test.

    (a) A vessel must be in the condition specified in this paragraph 
when a simplified stability proof test is performed.
    (1) The construction of the vessel must be complete in all respects.
    (2) Ballast, if necessary, must be in compliance with Sec. 178.510 
and must be on board and in place.
    (3) Each fuel and water tank must be approximately three-quarters 
full.
    (4) A weight equal to the total weight of all passengers, crew, and 
other loads permitted on the vessel must be on board and distributed so 
as to provide normal operating trim and to simulate the vertical center 
of gravity causing the least stable condition that is likely to occur in 
service. Unless otherwise specified, weight and vertical center of 
gravity is assumed to be as follows:
    (i) The weight of primary lifesaving equipment should be simulated 
at its normal location, if not on board at the time of the test;
    (ii) The weight of one person is considered to be 72.6 kilograms 
(160 pounds) except the weight of one person is considered to be 63.5 
kilograms (140 pounds) if the vessel operates exclusively on protected 
waters and the passenger load consists of men, women, and children;
    (iii) The vertical center for the simulated weight of passengers, 
crew, and

[[Page 212]]

other loads must be at least 760 millimeters (2.5 feet) above the deck; 
and
    (iv) If the vessel carries passengers on diving excursions, the 
total weight of diving gear must be included in the loaded condition as 
follows:
    (A) The total weight of individual diving gear for each passenger 
carried is assumed to be 36 kilograms (80 pounds), which includes the 
weight of scuba tanks, harness, regulator, weight belt, wet suit, mask, 
and other personal diving equipment; and
    (B) The weight of any air compressors carried.
    (5) All non-return closures on cockpit scuppers or on weather deck 
drains must be kept open during the test.
    (b) A vessel must not exceed the limitations in paragraph (f) of 
this section, when subjected to the greater of the following heeling 
moments:

Mp = (W) (Bp)/6; or
Mw = (P) (A) (H)

where:

Mp = passenger heeling moment in kilogram-meters (foot-pounds);
W = the total passenger weight using 72.6 kilograms (160 pounds) per 
passenger, or, if the vessel operates exclusively on protected waters 
and the passenger load consists of men, women, and children, 63.5 
kilograms (140 pounds) per passenger may be used;
Bp = the maximum transverse distance in meters (feet) of a deck 
that is accessible to passengers;
Mw = wind heeling moment in kilogram-meters (foot-pounds);
P = wind pressure of:
    (1) 36.6 kilograms/square meter (7.5 pounds/square foot) for 
operation on protected waters;
    (2) 48.8 kilogram/square meter (10.0 pounds/square foot) for 
operation on partially protected waters; or
    (3) 73.3 kilograms/square meter (15.0 pounds/square foot) for 
operation on exposed waters;
A = area, in square meters (square feet), of the projected lateral 
surface of the vessel above the waterline (including each projected area 
of the hull, superstructure and area bounded by railings and structural 
canopies). For sailing vessels this is the bare poles area, or, if the 
vessel has no auxiliary power, with storm sails set; and
H = height, in meters (feet), of the center of area (A) above the 
waterline, measured up from the waterline.

    (c) For sailing vessels the heeling moment used for this test must 
be the greater of the following:
    (1) Passenger heeling moment from paragraph (b) of this section.
    (2) Wind heeling moment from paragraph (b) of this section.
    (3) Wind heeling moment calculated from the wind heeling moment 
equation in paragraph (b) of this section, where:

Mw = wind heeling moment in kilogram-meters (foot-pounds);
P=4.9 kilograms/square meter (1.0 pounds/square foot) for both protected 
and partially protected waters.
A=the windage area of the vessel in square meters (square feet) with all 
sails set and trimmed flat;
H=height, in meters (feet), of the center of effort of area (A) above 
the waterline, measured up from the waterline; and

    (d) A vessel must not exceed the following limits of heel:
    (1) On a flush deck vessel, not more than one-half of the freeboard 
may be immersed.
    (2) On a well deck vessel, not more than one-half of the freeboard 
may be immersed, except that, on a well deck vessel that operates on 
protected waters and has non-return scuppers or freeing ports, the full 
freeboard may be immersed if the full freebound is not more than one-
quarter of the distance from the waterline to the gunwale.
    (3) On a cockpit vessel, the maximum allowable immersion is 
calculated from the following equation:
    (i) On exposed waters--

i=f(2L-1.5L')/4L

    (ii) On protected or partially protected waters--

i=f(2L-L')/4L

where:

i=maximum allowable immersion in meters (feet);
f=freeboard in meters (feet);
L=length of the weather deck, in meters (feet); and
L'=length of cockpit in meters (feet).


[[Page 213]]


    (4) On an open boat, not more than one quarter of the freeboard may 
be immersed.
    (5) On a flush deck sailing vessel, the full freeboard may be 
immersed.
    (6) In no case may the angle of heel exceed 14 degrees.
    (e) The limits of heel must be measured at:
    (1) The point of minimum freeboard; or
    (2) At a point three-quarters of the vessel's length from the bow if 
the point of minimum freeboard is aft of this point.
    (f) When demonstrating compliance with paragraph (d) of this 
section, the freeboard must be measured as follows:
    (1) For a flush deck or well deck vessel, the freeboard must be 
measured to the top of the weatherdeck at the side of the vessel; and
    (2) For a cockpit vessel or for an open boat, the freeboard must be 
measured to the top of the gunwale.
    (g) A ferry must also be tested in a manner acceptable to the 
cognizant OCMI to determine whether the trim or heel during loading or 
unloading will submerge the deck edge. A ferry passes this test if, with 
the total number of passengers and the maximum vehicle weight permitted 
on board, the deck edge is not submerged during loading or unloading of 
the vessel.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 966, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 178.340  Stability standards for pontoon vessels on protected waters.

    (a) The portion of the deck accessible to passengers on a pontoon 
vessel must not extend beyond the outboard edge of either pontoon, nor 
beyond the forward or aft ends of the pontoons.
    (b) A pontoon vessel that has more than 2 pontoons or has decks 
higher than 150 milimeters (6 inches) above the pontoons must meet a 
stability standard acceptable to the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety 
Center.
    (c) A pontoon vessel must be in the condition described in 
Sec. 178.330(c) of this part when the simplified stability proof test is 
performed, except that the simulated load of passengers, crew, and other 
weights is initially centered on the vessel so that trim and heel are 
minimized.
    (d) A pontoon vessel has the minimum acceptable level of initial 
stability if it meets the following:
    (1) With the simulated load located at the extreme outboard position 
of the deck on the side with the least initial freeboard, the remaining 
exposed cross sectional area of the pontoon on that side must be equal 
to or greater than the cross sectional area submerged due to the load 
shift, as indicated in Figure 178.340(d)(1); and


[[Page 214]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.035


    (2) With the simulated load located on the centerline at the extreme 
fore or aft end of the deck, whichever position is further from the 
initial position of the load, the top of the pontoon must not be 
submerged at any location, as indicated in Figure 178.340(d)(2).

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.036


[[Page 215]]





                  Subpart D--Drainage of Weather Decks



Sec. 178.410  Drainage of flush deck vessels.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the weather 
deck on a flush deck must be watertight and have no obstruction to 
overboard drainage.
    (b) Each flush deck vessel may have solid bulwarks in the forward 
one-third length of the vessel if:
    (1) The bulwarks do not form a well enclosed on all sides; and
    (2) The foredeck of the vessel has sufficient sheer to ensure 
drainage aft.



Sec. 178.420  Drainage of cockpit vessels.

    (a) Except as follows, the cockpit on a cockpit vessel may be 
watertight:
    (1) A cockpit may have companionways if the companionway openings 
have watertight doors, or weathertight doors and coamings which meet 
Sec. 179.360 of this subchapter.
    (2) A cockpit may have ventilation openings along its inner 
periphery if the vessel operates only on protected or partially 
protected waters.
    (b) The cockpit deck of a cockpit vessel that operates on exposed or 
partially protected waters must be at least 255 millimeters (10 inches) 
above the deepest load waterline unless the vessel complies with:
    (1) The intact stability requirements of Secs. 170.170, 170.173, 
171.050, 171.055, and 171.057 in subchapter S of this chapter;
    (2) The Type II subdivision requirements in Secs. 171.070, 171.072, 
and 171.073 in subchapter S of this chapter; and
    (3) The damage stability requirements in Sec. 171.080 in subchapter 
S of this chapter.
    (c) The cockpit deck of a cockpit vessel that does not operate on 
exposed or partially protected waters must be located as high above the 
deepest load waterline as practicable.
    (d) The cockpit must be self-bailing. Scuppers or freeing ports for 
the cockpit deck of a cockpit vessel must:
    (1) Be located to allow rapid clearing of water in all probable 
conditions of list and trim;
    (2) Have a combined drainage area of at least the area required by 
Sec. 178.450 of this part; and
    (3) If the deck is less than 255 millimeters (10 inches) above the 
deepest load waterline of the vessel, be fitted with non-return devices.



Sec. 178.430  Drainage of well deck vessels.

    (a) The weather deck on a well deck vessel must be watertight.
    (b) The area required on a well deck vessel for drainage of well 
formed by the bulwarks shall be determined by Sec. 178.450.
    (c) The freeing ports or scuppers on a well deck vessel must be 
located to allow rapid clearing of water in all probable conditions of 
list and trim.
    (d) The deck of well deck vessel that operates on exposed or 
partially protected waters must be at least 255 millimeters (10 inches) 
above the deepest load waterline unless the vessel complies with:
    (1) The intact stability requirements of Secs. 170.170, 170.173, 
171.050, 171.055, and 171.057 in subchapter S of this chapter;
    (2) The Type II subdivision requirements in Secs. 171.070, 171.072, 
and 171.073 in subchapter S of this chapter; and
    (3) The damage stability requirements in Sec. 171.080 in subchapter 
S of this chapter.



Sec. 178.440  Drainage of open boats.

    The deck within the hull of an open boat must drain to the bilge. 
Overboard drainage of the deck is not permitted.



Sec. 178.450  Calculation of drainage area for cockpit and well deck vessels.

    (a) The drainage area required on a vessel must be computed using 
the following formula:

For protected waters required drainage=.1 x Basic Drainage
For partially protected waters required drainage=.5 x Basis Drainage
For exposed waters required drainage=Basic Drainage

where:

Basic Drainage area in centimeters 2=4389.12 x [(Recess 
Volume x Recess Ratio)+(Weather Deck Volume x Weather Deck Ratio)]; or
Basic Drainage area in inch 2=(Recess Volume x Recess 
Ratio)+(Weather Deck Volume x Weather Deck Ratio)
Recess Volume=(BR x DR)-VR


[[Page 216]]


    BR=average height in centimeters (feet) of the bulwark above 
the well deck or cockpit deck;
    DR=total deck area of the cockpit or well deck in the after \2/
3\ of the vessel length (LOD) measured in centimeters 2 (feet 
2).
    VR=volume of any weather tight structure below the bulwark of 
the well deck or cockpit deck.
Recess Ratio=LR/LC

    LR=the length of the recess in the after \2/3\ vessel length 
(LOD).
    LC=\2/3\ vessel length (LOD).

Weather Deck Volume=(BD x DD)-VS

    BD=average height in centimeters (feet) of the bulwark above 
the weather deck;
    DD=total deck area of the weather deck adjacent to bulwarks but 
not in way of the cockpit or well deck in the after \2/3\ of the vessel 
length (LOD) measured in centimenters 2 (feet 2).
    VS=volume of any weather tight superstructure below the bulwark 
on the weather deck located within DD.

Weather Deck Ratio=LD/LC

    LD=the length of the weather deck bulwark in the after \2/3\ of 
the vessel length (LOD).
    LC=\2/3\ vessel length (LOD).

    (b) Vessels with bulwarks in the forward part of the vessel shall 
not form a well with the deckhouse which retains water.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 966, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



                    Subpart E--Special Installations



Sec. 178.510  Ballast.

    (a) Any solid fixed ballast used to comply with the requirements of 
parts 170, 171, 178, and 179 of this chapter must be:
    (1) Stowed in a manner that prevents shifting of the ballast; and
    (2) Installed to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI.
    (b) Solid fixed ballast may not be located forward of the collision 
bulkhead unless the installation and arrangement of the ballast and the 
collision bulkhead minimizes the risk of the ballast penetrating the 
bulkhead in a collision.
    (c) Solid fixed ballast may not be removed from a vessel or 
relocated unless approved by the cognizant OCMI except that ballast may 
be temporarily moved for a vessel examination or repair if it is 
replaced to the satisfaction of the OCMI.
    (d) Water ballast, either as an active system or permanent, must be 
approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center.



PART 179--SUBDIVISION, DAMAGE STABILITY AND WATERTIGHT INTEGRITY REQUIREMENTS--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
179.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

        Subpart B--Subdivision and Damage Stability Requirements

179.210  Collision bulkhead.
179.212  Watertight bulkheads for subdivision.
179.220  Location of watertight bulkheads for subdivision.
179.230  Damage stability requirements.
179.240  Foam flotation material.

              Subpart C--Watertight Integrity Requirements

179.310  Collision bulkheads.
179.320  Watertight bulkheads.
179.330  Watertight doors.
179.340  Trunks.
179.350  Openings in the side of a vessel below the bulkhead or weather 
          deck.
179.360  Watertight integrity.

    Authority: 43 U.S.C. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 3703; E.O. 12234, 
45 FR 58801, 3 CFR 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 971, Jan. 10, 1996]



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 179.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

    An existing vessel must comply with the subdivision, damage 
stability, and watertight integrity regulations which were applicable to 
the vessel on March 10, 1996, or, as an alternative, the vessel may 
comply with the regulations in this part.

[[Page 217]]



        Subpart B--Subdivision and Damage Stability Requirements



Sec. 179.210  Collision bulkhead.

    (a) A vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must have 
a collision bulkhead.
    (b) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must 
have a collision bulkhead if it:
    (1) Carries more than 49 passengers;
    (2) Operates on exposed waters;
    (3) Is of more than 12.2 meters (40 feet) in length and operates on 
partially protected waters; or
    (4) Is constructed of wood on or after March 11, 2001, and operates 
in cold water.
    (c) A double-ended ferry required to have a collision bulkhead must 
have a collision bulkhead at each end of the vessel.



Sec. 179.212  Watertight bulkheads for subdivision.

    (a) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must 
comply with Sec. 179.220 of this part if it:
    (1) Carries more than 49 passengers; or
    (2) Is constructed of wood on or after March 11, 2001, and operates 
in cold water.
    As an alternative, the above vessels may comply with the intact 
stability requirements of Secs. 170.170, 170.173, 171.050 and 171.055 of 
this chapter, and comply with the Type II subdivision requirements of 
Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 in subchapter S of this chapter.
    (b) A vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must 
comply with the Type II subdivision requirements of Secs. 171.070 
through 171.073 in subchapter S of this chapter.
    (c) A vessel that carries more than 12 passengers on an 
international voyage must meet the Type II subdivision requirements of 
Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 in subchapter S of this chapter.



Sec. 179.220  Location of watertight bulkheads for subdivision.

    (a) The maximum distance between adjacent main transverse watertight 
bulkheads on a vessel, required by Sec. 179.212(a) of this part to 
comply with this section, must not be more than the smaller of the 
following:
    (1) One third of the length of the bulkhead deck; or
    (2) The distance given by the following equation:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10JA96.009
    
where:

d=the maximum length of the bulkhead deck in meters (feet) between 
adjacent main transverse watertight bulkheads;
F=the floodable length factor from Table 179.220(a);
f=the effective freeboard in meters (feet) calculated for each pair of 
adjacent bulkheads in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section;
L=Length Over Deck in meters (feet) measured over the bulkhead deck; and
D=the depth in meters (feet), measured amidships at a point one-quarter 
of the maximum beam out from the centerline, from the inside of the 
bottom planking or plating to the level of the top of the bulkhead deck 
at side as shown in Figure 179.220(a).

          Table 179.220(a).--Table of Floodable Length Factors          
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            (d/L) x 100                               F                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0-15...............................                      0.33           
20.................................                      0.34           
25.................................                      0.36           
30.................................                      0.38           
35.................................                      0.43           
40.................................                      0.48           
45.................................                      0.54           
50.................................                      0.61           
55.................................                      0.63           
60.................................                      0.58           
65.................................                      0.53           
70.................................                      0.48           
75.................................                      0.44           
80.................................                      0.40           
85.................................                      0.37           
90-100.............................                      0.34           
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note 1: Where: d=distance in meters (feet) from the midpoint of the     
  compartment to the forward-most point on the bulkhead deck excluding  
  sheer; and L=length over deck in meters (feet) measured over the      
  bulkhead deck.                                                        
Note 2: Intermediate values of floodable length factor may be obtained  
  by interpolation.                                                     



[[Page 218]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.037

    (b) The effective freeboard for each compartment is calculated by 
the following equation:

f=(a+b)/2

where:

f=the effective freeboard in meters (feet).
a=the freeboard in meters (feet) measured:

    (1) At the forward main transverse watertight bulkhead; and
    (2) From the deepest waterline to:
    (i) The top of the bulkhead deck on a flush deck vessel; or
    (ii) If a vessel has a stepped bulkhead deck, the line shown in 
Figure 179.220(b); or
    (iii) If a vessel has an opening port light below the bulkhead deck, 
the line shown in Figure 179.220(c).

b=the freeboard in meters (feet) measured:


[[Page 219]]


    (1) At the aft main transverse watertight bulkhead; and
    (2) From the deepest waterline to:
    (i) The top of the bulkhead deck on a flush deck vessel; or
    (ii) If a vessel has a stepped bulkhead deck, the line shown in 
Figure 1 to Sec. 179.220(b); or

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.038


[[Page 220]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MR91.039



    (iii) if a vessel has an opening port light below the bulkhead deck, 
the line shown in Figure 2 to Sec. 179.220(b).

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 971, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 179.230   Damage stability requirements.

    A vessel which, in accordance with Sec. 179.212(b), must meet the 
requirements of Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 in subchapter S of this 
chapter for Type II subdivision, shall also meet the damage stability 
requirements of Sec. 171.080 in subchapter S of this chapter.



Sec. 179.240   Foam flotation material.

    (a) Foam may only be installed as flotation material on a vessel of 
not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, when approved by the 
cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI).
    (b) If foam is installed as flotation material on a vessel, the 
owner shall ensure that the following tests are conducted and 
requirements are met, to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI:
    (1) All foam must comply with MIL-P-21929B ``Plastic Material, 
Cellular Polyurethane, Foam-in-Place, Rigid (2 and 4 pounds per cubic 
foot),'' including the requirements for fire resistance;
    (2) Foam may be installed only in void spaces that are free of 
ignition sources, unless the foam complies with the requirements of 33 
CFR 183.114;
    (3) Foam may be installed adjacent to fuel tanks only if the 
boundary between the tank and the space has double continuous fillet 
welds;
    (4) The structure enclosing the foam must be strong enough to 
accommodate the buoyancy of the foam;
    (5) Piping and cables must not pass through foamed spaces unless 
they are within piping and cable ways accessible from both ends;
    (6) Blocked foam must:
    (i) Be used in each area that may be exposed to water; and
    (ii) Have a protective cover, approved by the cognizant OCMI, to 
protect it from damage;
    (7) A water submergence test must be conducted on the foam for a 
period of at least 7 days to demonstrate to the

[[Page 221]]

satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI that the foam has adequate strength 
to withstand a hydrostatic head equivalent to that which would be 
imposed if the vessel were submerged to its bulkhead deck;
    (8) The effective buoyancy of the foam must be determined at the end 
of the submergence test required by paragraph (b)(7) of this section. 
The effective buoyancy or 881 kilograms per cubic meter (55 pounds per 
cubic foot), whichever is less, must be used in determining the location 
of watertight bulkheads for subdivision required by Sec. 179.212; and
    (9) The owner or operator must obtain sample foam specimens during 
installation of the foam and determine the density of the installed 
foam.



              Subpart C--Watertight Integrity Requirements



Sec. 179.310   Collision bulkheads.

    (a) Each collision bulkhead required by Sec. 179.210, must be 
constructed in accordance with Sec. 179.320, except that a collision 
bulkhead:
    (1) Must extend to the weather deck or to one deck above the 
bulkhead deck, whichever is lower, for service on oceans or coastwise 
routes; and
    (2) Must not be fitted with any type of penetration or opening 
except penetrations may be made if they are located as high and as far 
inboard as practicable and they have a means to make them watertight.
    (b) The forward collision bulkhead required to be on a vessel by 
Sec. 179.210 must be:
    (1) Located at least 5 percent but not more than 15 percent of the 
length between perpendiculars (LBP) aft of the forward perpendicular, or 
for vessels with bulbous bows extending forward of the forward 
perpendicular and contributing more than 2 percent of the underwater 
volume of the vessel, located at least 5 percent but not more than 15 
percent of the LBP aft of the mid-length of such extension; and
    (2) Installed in a single plane, with no recess or step, up to the 
bulkhead deck;
    (c) The after collision bulkhead on a double-ended ferry of more 
than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must be:
    (1) At least 5 percent but not more than 15 percent of the LBP 
forward of the after perpendicular; and
    (2) Installed in a single plane, with no recess or step, at least up 
to the bulkhead deck.



Sec. 179.320   Watertight bulkheads.

    (a) Each watertight bulkhead must be of sufficient strength to be 
capable of remaining watertight with a head of water to the top of the 
bulkhead.
    (b) Each watertight bulkhead must extend to the bulkhead deck and be 
installed in one plane without steps or recesses insofar as is 
reasonable and practicable. Any steps or recesses permitted must comply 
with the applicable subdivision requirements in this subchapter.
    (c) The number of penetrations in a watertight bulkhead must be 
minimized. A penetration in a watertight bulkhead must be as high and as 
far inboard in the bulkhead as practicable, and made watertight.
    (d) Sluice valves are not permitted in watertight bulkheads.



Sec. 179.330   Watertight doors.

    (a) Hinged watertight doors are not permitted in bulkheads required 
by Secs. 179.210 or 179.212 unless the vessel will not proceed more than 
20 nautical miles from shore and:
    (1) The door separates a machinery space from an accommodation space 
and, in the judgment of the cognizant OCMI, the door will be kept closed 
except when a person is passing through the door; or
    (2) The Commandant determines that, due to the arrangements of the 
vessel, the door will be kept closed except when a person is passing 
through the door.
    (b) A hinged watertight bulkhead door must be fitted with a quick 
action closing devise operable from both sides of the door and indicator 
lights at the operating station showing whether the door is open or 
closed.
    (c) Sliding watertight doors must meet the requirements of part 170, 
subpart H in subchapter S of this chapter.
    (d) No more than one watertight door may be fitted in a watertight 
bulkhead, and it must be located as high and as far inboard as 
practicable.

[[Page 222]]



Sec. 179.340  Trunks.

    Where a trunk (i.e., an enclosed passageway through a deck or 
bulkhead) is installed, it must comply with the requirements of 
Sec. 179.360(a)(1) and with the requirements of Sec. 171.113 in 
subchapter S of this chapter.



Sec. 179.350  Openings in the side of a vessel below the bulkhead or weather deck.

    (a) On a vessel operating on exposed or partially protected waters, 
an opening port light is not permitted below the weather deck unless the 
sill of the port light is at least 760 millimeters (30 inches) above the 
deepest load waterline.
    (b) A port light must have an inside, hinged dead cover regardless 
of whether the port light is or is not capable of being opened.
    (c) Except for engine exhausts, each inlet or discharge pipe that 
penetrates the hull below a line drawn parallel to and at least 150 
millimeters (6 inches) above the deepest load waterline must have means 
to prevent water from entering the vessel if the pipe fractures or 
otherwise fails.
    (d) A positive action valve or cock that is located as close as 
possible to the hull is an acceptable means for complying with paragraph 
(c) of this section.
    (e) If an inlet or discharge pipe is inaccessible, the means for 
complying with paragraph (c) of this section must be a shut-off valve 
that is:
    (1) Operable from the weather deck or any other accessible location 
above the bulkhead deck; and
    (2) Labeled at the operating point for identity and direction of 
closing.
    (f) Any connecting device or valve in a hull penetration must not be 
cast iron.
    (g) Each plug cock in an inlet or discharge pipe must have a means, 
other than a cotter pin, to prevent its loosening or removal from the 
body.



Sec. 179.360  Watertight integrity.

    (a) A hatch exposed to the weather must be watertight, except that 
the following hatches may be weathertight:
    (1) A hatch on a watertight trunk that extends at least 305 
millimeters (12 inches) above the weather deck;
    (2) A hatch in a cabin top; and
    (3) A hatch on a vessel that operates only on protected waters.
    (b) A hatch cover must:
    (1) Have securing devices; and
    (2) Be attached to the hatch frame or coaming by hinges, captive 
chains, or other devices of substantial strength to prevent its loss.
    (c) A hatch cover that provides access to accommodation spaces must 
be operable from either side.
    (d) A weathertight door must be provided for each opening located in 
a deck house or companionway. Permanent watertight coamings must be 
provided as follows:
    (1) On a vessel on an exposed or partially protected route, a 
watertight coaming with a height of at least 150 millimeters (6 inches) 
must be provided under each weathertight door in a cockpit or a well, or 
on the main deck of a flush deck vessel.
    (2) On a vessel on a protected route, a watertight coaming with a 
height of at least 75 millimeters (3 inches) must be provided under each 
weathertight door in a cockpit or a well.
    (3) The height of the watertight coaming for a hinged watertight 
door need only be sufficient to accommodate the door.



PART 180--LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT AND ARRANGEMENTS--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
180.10  Applicability to vessels on an international voyage.
180.15  Applicability to existing vessels.
180.25  Additional requirements.

                   Subpart B--Emergency Communications

180.64  Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacons (EPIRB).
180.68  Distress flares and smoke signals.

                 Subpart C--Life Buoys and Life Jackets

180.70  Ring life buoys.
180.71  Life jackets.
180.72  Personal flotation devices carried in addition to life jackets.
180.75  Life jackets lights.
180.78  Stowage of life jackets.

[[Page 223]]

          Subpart D--Survival Craft Arrangements and Equipment

180.130  Stowage of survival craft.
180.137  Stowage of life floats and buoyant apparatus.
180.150  Survival craft embarkation arrangements.
180.175  Survival craft equipment.

              Subpart E--Number and Type of Survival Craft

180.200  Survival craft--general.
180.202  Survival craft--vessels operating on oceans routes.
180.204  Survival craft--vessels operating on coastwise routes.
180.205  Survival craft--vessels operating on limited coastwise routes.
180.206  Survival craft--vessels operating on Great Lakes routes.
180.207  Survival craft--vessels operating on lakes, bays, and sounds 
          routes.
180.208  Survival craft--vessels operating on rivers routes.
180.210  Rescue boats.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2104, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 
1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 180.10  Applicability to vessels on an international voyage.

    A vessel on an international voyage must meet the requirements in 
subchapter W of this chapter for passenger vessels in the same service, 
instead of the requirements of this part.



Sec. 180.15  Applicability to existing vessels.

    An existing vessel must comply with the requirements of this part 
except as otherwise specified by this section.
    (a) Before March 11, 2001, or 10 years after the vessel's keel was 
laid or the vessel was at a similar stage of construction, whichever is 
later, an existing vessel may comply with the requirements in effect for 
the vessel prior to March 11, 1996, for the number and type of survival 
craft, stowage arrangements, and launching appliances for survival 
craft.
    (b) On or before March 11, 2001, or 10 years after the vessel's keel 
was laid or the vessel was at a similar stage of construction, whichever 
is later, an existing vessel must:
    (1) Be equipped with the number of survival craft required for its 
route under Secs. 180.202, 180.204, 180.205, 180.206, 180.207, or 
180.208, as applicable; and
    (2) Comply with the stowage and launching appliance requirements for 
survival craft in Secs. 180.130 through 180.150, inclusive.
    (c) A vessel that meets the following requirements shall be 
considered in compliance with the subdivision requirements contained in 
Secs. 180.202, 180.204, 180.205, 180.206, 180.207 and 180.208:
    (1) The vessel was constructed before March 11, 2001.
    (2) The vessel is of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
and carries not more than 49 passengers;
    (3) The vessel meets the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Sec. 179.310 of this chapter; and
    (4) The vessel meets the standards for one-compartment subdivision 
in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 of this chapter, at least in way of the 
engine room and lazarette.
    (d) Each inflatable liferaft, inflatable buoyant apparatus, life 
float, and buoyant apparatus on the vessel on March 11, 1996, may be 
used to meet the requirements of this part for these survival craft as 
long as the survival craft is continued in use on the vessel, and is in 
good and serviceable condition.
    (e) New installations of lifesaving equipment on an existing vessel, 
which are completed to the satisfaction of the cognizant Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, (OCMI) on or after March 11, 1996, must 
comply with the regulations in this part. Replacement of existing 
lifesaving equipment installed before March 11, 1996, must meet the 
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.
    (f) A combination flare and smoke distress signal approved in 
accordance with Sec. 160.023 in subchapter Q of this chapter may be used 
on an existing vessel until the expiration date of the distress signal 
but no later than March 11, 1999, as one of the distress signals 
required by Sec. 180.68.
    (g) Until February 1, 1999, a Coast Guard approved 121.5/243 MHz 
Class A Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacon (EPIRB) may be used to 
meet

[[Page 224]]

the requirement for an EPIRB under Sec. 180.64, if the EPIRB:
    (1) Is operable;
    (2) Is installed to automatically float-free and activate;
    (3) Was manufactured on or after October 1, 1988; and
    (4) Was installed on the vessel on or before March 11, 1996.
    (h) Until February 1, 1999, a Federal Communications Commission 
(FCC) Type Accepted VHF-FM Class C EPIRB may be used to meet the 
requirement for an EPIRB on a vessel operating on a Great Lakes route 
under Sec. 180.64, if the EPIRB:
    (1) Is operable; and
    (2) Was installed on the vessel on or before March 11, 1996.
    (i) Until March 11, 1997, an existing vessel on a limited coastwise 
route, need not comply with Sec. 180.64.
    (j) An existing vessel need not comply with Sec. 180.78(a)(4).
    (k) An existing vessel must comply with Sec. 180.210 or may comply 
with the regulations for rescue boats that were in effect for the vessel 
prior to March 11, 1996.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24464, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 180.25  Additional requirements.

    (a) Each item of lifesaving equipment carried on board a vessel but 
not required under this part, must be approved by the Commandant.
    (b) The cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) may 
require a vessel to carry specialized or additional lifesaving equipment 
if:
    (1) The OCMI determines the conditions of the voyage render the 
requirements of this part inadequate; or
    (2) The vessel is operated in Arctic, Antarctic, or other severe 
conditions not covered under this part.



                   Subpart B--Emergency Communications



Sec. 180.64  Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacons (EPIRB).

    Each vessel that operates on the high seas, or that operates beyond 
three miles from the coastline of the Great Lakes, must have on board a 
FCC Type Accepted Category 1, 406 MHz EPIRB, installed to automatically 
float free and activate.



Sec. 180.68  Distress flares and smoke signals.

    (a) Oceans, coastwise, and Great Lakes routes. A vessel on an 
oceans, coastwise, or Great Lakes route must carry:
    (1) Six hand red flare distress signals approved in accordance with 
Sec. 160.021 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant; and
    (2) Six hand orange smoke distress signals approved in accordance 
with Sec. 160.037 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (b) Lakes, bays, and sounds, and rivers routes. A vessel on a lakes, 
bays, and sounds, or rivers route must carry:
    (1) Three hand red flare distress signals approved in accordance 
with Sec. 160.021 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant; and
    (2) Three hand orange smoke distress signals approved in accordance 
with Sec. 160.037 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (c) Substitutions. (1) A rocket parachute flare approved in 
accordance with Sec. 160.036 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other 
standard specified by the Commandant may be substituted for any of the 
hand red flare distress signals required under paragraph (a) or (b) of 
this section.
    (2) One of the following may be substituted for any of the hand 
orange smoke distress signals required under paragraph (a) or (b) of 
this section:
    (i) A rocket parachute flare approved in accordance with 
Sec. 160.036 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (ii) A hand red flare distress signal approved in accordance with 
Sec. 160.021 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (iii) A floating orange smoke distress signal approved in accordance 
with Sec. 160.022 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (d) Exemption for vessels on short runs. A vessel operating on short 
runs limited to approximately 30 minutes away

[[Page 225]]

from the dock is not required to carry distress flares and smoke signals 
under this section.
    (e) Stowage. Each flare carried to meet this section must be stowed 
in one of the following:
    (1) A portable watertight container marked as required by 
Sec. 185.614 of this chapter, carried at the operating station; or
    (2) A pyrotechnic locker secured above the freeboard deck, away from 
heat, in the vicinity of the operating station.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



                 Subpart C--Life Buoys and Life Jackets



Sec. 180.70  Ring life buoys.

    (a) A vessel must have one or more ring life buoys as follows:
    (1) A vessel of not more than 7.9 meters (26 feet) in length must 
carry a minimum of one life buoy of not less than 510 millimeters (20 
inches) in diameter;
    (2) A vessel of more than 7.9 meters (26 feet) in length, but not 
more than 19.8 meters (65 feet), must carry a minimum of one life buoys 
of not less than 610 millimeters (24 inches) in diameter; and
    (3) A vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must carry 
a minimum of three life buoys of not less than 610 millimeters (24 
inches) in diameter.
    (b) Each ring life buoy on a vessel must:
    (1) Be approved in accordance with Sec. 160.050 in subchapter Q of 
this chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant;
    (2) Be readily accessible;
    (3) Be stowed in a way that it can be rapidly cast loose;
    (4) Not be permanently secured in any way; and
    (5) If on a vessel on an oceans or coastwise route, be orange in 
color.
    (c) At least one ring life buoy must be fitted with a lifeline. If 
more than one ring life buoy is carried, at least one must not have a 
lifeline attached. Each lifeline on a ring life buoy must:
    (1) Be buoyant;
    (2) Be of at least 18.3 meters (60 feet) in length;
    (3) Be non-kinking;
    (4) Have a diameter of at least 7.9 millimeters (\5/16\ inch);
    (5) Have a breaking strength of at least 510 kilograms (1,124 
pounds); and
    (6) Be of a dark color if synthetic, or of a type certified to be 
resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light.
    (d) A vessel must carry one floating waterlight, unless it is 
limited to daytime operation, in which case no floating waterlight is 
required.
    (1) Each floating waterlight must be approved in accordance with 
Sec. 161.010 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (2) Each ring life buoy with a floating waterlight must have a 
lanyard of at least 910 millimeters (3 feet) in length, but not more 
than 1,830 millimeters (6 feet), securing the waterlight around the body 
of the ring life buoy.
    (3) Each floating waterlight installed after March 11, 1997, on a 
vessel carrying only one ring buoy, must be attached to the lanyard with 
a corrosion-resistant clip. The clip must have a strength of at least 
22.7 kilograms (50 pounds), and allow the waterlight to be quickly 
disconnected from the ring life buoy.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 180.71  Life jackets.

    (a) An adult life jacket must be provided for each person carried on 
board a vessel.
    (b) In addition, a number of child size life jackets equal to at 
least 10% of the number of the person permitted on board must be 
provided, or such greater number as necessary to provide a life jacket 
for each person being carried that is smaller than the lower size limit 
of the adult life jackets provided to meet this section, except that:
    (1) Child-size life jackets are not required if the vessel's 
Certificate of Inspection is endorsed for the carriage of adults only; 
or
    (2) When all ``extended size'' life preservers (those with a lower 
size limit for persons of 1,195 millimeters (47 inches) in height or 
weighing 20.4 kilograms (45 pounds)) are carried on

[[Page 226]]

board, a minimum of only 5% additional child size devices need be 
carried.
    (c) Except as allowed by paragraph (d) of this section, each life 
jacket must be approved in accordance with either Secs. 160.002, 
160.005, or 160.055 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (d) Cork and balsa wood lifejackets previously approved in 
accordance with Secs. 106.003, or 160.004 in subchapter Q of this 
section, on board an existing vessel prior to March 11, 1996, may 
continue to be used to meet the requirements of this section until March 
11, 1999, provided the lifejackets are maintained in good and 
serviceable condition.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24464, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 180.72  Personal flotation devices carried in addition to life jackets.

    (a) Equipment carried under this section is not acceptable in lieu 
of any portion of the required number of approved life jackets and must 
not be substituted for the approved life jackets required to be worn 
during drills and emergencies.
    (b) Wearable marine buoyant devices that include ``ski vests,'' 
``boating vests,'' and ``fishing vests,'' approved in accordance with 
Sec. 160.064 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant, may be carried as additional equipment.
    (c) Buoyant work vests approved in accordance with Sec. 160.053 in 
subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant, may be carried as additional equipment for use of persons 
working near or over the water.
    (d) Commercial hybrid personal flotation devices (PFD) approved in 
accordance with Sec. 160.077 of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant, may be carried as additional equipment for 
use of persons working near or over the water. Each commercial hybrid 
PFD must be:
    (1) Used, stowed, and maintained in accordance with the procedures 
set out in the manual required for these devices under Sec. 160.077-29 
in subchapter Q of this chapter and any limitation(s) marked on them; 
and
    (2) Of the same or similar design and have the same method of 
operation as each other hybrid PFD carried on board.



Sec. 180.75  Life jacket lights.

    (a) Each life jacket carried on a vessel on oceans, coastwise, or 
Great Lakes route, must have a life jacket light approved in accordance 
with Sec. 161.012 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant. Each life jacket light must be securely 
attached to the front shoulder area of the life jacket.
    (b) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (a) of this 
section, life jacket lights are not required for life jackets on:
    (1) Ferries; and
    (2) Vessels with Certificates of Inspection endorsed only for routes 
that do not extend more than 20 miles from a harbor of safe refuge.



Sec. 180.78  Stowage of life jackets.

    (a) General. Unless otherwise stated in this section, life jackets 
must be stored in convenient places distributed throughout accommodation 
spaces.
    (1) Each stowage container for life jackets must not be capable of 
being locked. If practicable, the container must be designed to allow 
the life jackets to float free.
    (2) Each life jacket kept in a stowage container must be readily 
available.
    (3) Each life jacket stowed overhead must be supported in a manner 
that allows quick release for distribution.
    (4) If life jackets are stowed more than 2,130 millimeters (7 feet) 
above the deck, a means for quick release must be provided and must be 
capable of operation by a person standing on the deck.
    (5) Each child size life jacket must be stowed in a location that is 
appropriately marked and separated from adult life jackets so the child 
size life jackets are not mistaken for adult life jackets.
    (b) Additional personal flotation devices. The stowage locations of 
the personal flotation devices carried in addition to life jackets under 
Sec. 180.72, must be separate from the life jackets, and

[[Page 227]]

such as not to be easily confused with that of the life jackets.



          Subpart D--Survival Craft Arrangements and Equipment



Sec. 180.130  Stowage of survival craft.

    (a) Each survival craft must be:
    (1) Secured to the vessel by a painter with a float-free link 
permanently attached to the vessel except that a float-free link is not 
required if the vessel operates only on waters not as deep as the length 
of the painter;
    (2) Stowed so that when the vessel sinks the survival craft floats 
free and, if inflatable, inflates automatically;
    (3) Stowed in a position that is readily accessible to crew members 
for launching, or else provided with a remotely operated device that 
releases the survival craft into launching position or into the water;
    (4) Stowed in a way that permits manual release from its securing 
arrangements;
    (5) Ready for immediate use so that crew members can carry out 
preparations for embarkation and launching in less than 5 minutes;
    (6) Provided with means to prevent shifting;
    (7) Stowed in a way that neither the survival craft nor its stowage 
arrangements will interfere with the embarkation and operation of any 
other survival craft at any other launching station;
    (8) Stowed in a way that any protective covers will not interfere 
with launching and embarkation;
    (9) Fully equipped as required under this part; and
    (10) Stowed, as far as practicable, in a position sheltered from 
breaking seas and protected from damage by fire.
    (b) A hydrostatic release unit when used in a float-free arrangement 
must be approved in accordance with Sec. 160.062 in subchapter Q of this 
chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant.
    (c) A mechanical, manually operated device to assist in launching a 
survival craft must be provided if:
    (1) The survival craft weights more than 90.7 kilograms (200 
pounds); and
    (2) The survival craft requires lifting more than 300 vertical 
millimeters (one vertical foot) to be launched.



Sec. 180.137  Stowage of life floats and buoyant apparatus.

    (a) In addition to meeting Sec. 180.130, each life float and buoyant 
apparatus must be stowed as required under this section,
    (b) The float-free link required by Sec. 180.130(a)(1) must be:
    (1) Certified to meet Sec. 160.073 in subchapter Q of this chapter, 
or other standard specified by the Commandant;
    (2) Of proper strength for the size of the life float or buoyant 
apparatus as indicated on its identification tag; and
    (3) Secured to the painter at one end and to the vessel on the other 
end.
    (c) The means used to attach the float-free link to the vessel must:
    (1) Have a breaking strength of at least the breaking strength of 
the painter;
    (2) If synthetic, be of a dark color or of a type certified to be 
resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light; and
    (3) If metal, be corrosion resistant.
    (d) If the life float or buoyant apparatus does not have a painter 
attachment fitting, a means for attaching the painter must be provided 
by a wire or line that:
    (1) Encircles the body of the device;
    (2) Will not slip off;
    (3) Has a breaking strength that is at least the strength of the 
painter; and
    (4) If synthetic, is of a dark color or is of a type certified to be 
resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light.
    (e) If the vessel carries more than one life float or buoyant 
apparatus in a group with each group secured by a single painter:
    (1) The combined weight of each group of life floats and buoyant 
apparatus must not exceed 181 kilograms (400 pounds);
    (2) Each group of life floats and buoyant apparatus is considered a 
single survival craft for the purposes of Sec. 180.130(c);
    (3) Each life float and buoyant apparatus must be individually 
attached to the painter by a line meeting Secs. 180.175(e)(3) (ii), 
(iii), and (iv) and long enough that each life float or buoyant 
apparatus can float without

[[Page 228]]

contacting any other life float or buoyant apparatus in the group; and
    (4) The strength of the float-free link under paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section and the strength of the painter under 
Sec. 180.175(e)(3)(ii) must be determined by the combined capacity of 
the group of life floats and buoyant apparatus.
    (f) Life floats and buoyant apparatus must not be stowed in tiers 
more than 1,220 millimeters (4 feet) high. When stowed in tiers, the 
separate units must be kept apart by spacers.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 180.150  Survival craft embarkation arrangements.

    (a) A launching appliance that complies with the installation and 
arrangement requirements for launching appliances in subchapter W of 
this chapter must be provided for each inflatable liferaft and 
inflatable buoyant apparatus when either:
    (1) The embarkation station for the survival craft is on a deck more 
than 4.5 meters (15 feet) above the waterline; or
    (2) The inflatable liferaft and inflatable buoyant apparatus is 
boarded prior to being placed in the water.
    (b) A embarkation ladder, approved in accordance with Sec. 160.017 
in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant, must be at each embarkation station if the distance from the 
deck on which an embarkation station is located to the vessel's lightest 
operating waterline is more than 3,050 millimeters (10 feet).



Sec. 180.175  Survival craft equipment.

    (a) General. Each item of survival craft equipment must be of good 
quality, and efficient for the purpose it is intended to serve. Unless 
otherwise stated in this section, each item of equipment carried, 
whether required under this section or not, must be secured by lashings, 
stored in lockers, compartments, brackets, or have equivalent mounting 
or storage arrangements that do not:
    (1) Reduce survival craft capacity;
    (2) Reduce space available to the occupants;
    (3) Interfere with launching, recovery, or rescue operations; or
    (4) Adversely affect seaworthiness of the survival craft.
    (b) Inflatable liferafts. Each inflatable liferaft must have one of 
the following equipment packs as shown by the markings on its container:
    (1) Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) B Pack; or
    (2) SOLAS A Pack.
    (c) Life floats. Each life float must be fitted with a lifeline, 
pendants, two paddles, a painter, and a light.
    (d) Buoyant apparatus. Each buoyant apparatus must be fitted with a 
lifeline, pendants, a painter, and a light.
    (e) Equipment specifications for life floats and buoyant apparatus. 
The equipment required for lifefloats and buoyant apparatus must meet 
the following specifications:
    (1) Lifeline and pendants. The lifeline and pendants must be as 
furnished by the manufacturer with the approved life float or buoyant 
apparatus. Replacement lifelines and pendants must meet the requirements 
in Subpart 160.010 of this chapter.
    (2) Paddle. Each paddle must be of at least 1,220 millimeters (4 
feet) in length, lashed to the life float to which it belongs and 
buoyant.
    (3) Painter. The painter must:
    (i) Be of at least 30.5 meters (100 feet) in length, but not less 
than 3 times the distance between the deck where the life float or 
buoyant apparatus it serves is stowed and the lowest load waterline of 
the vessel;
    (ii) Have a breaking strength of at least 680 kilograms (1,500 
pounds), except that if the capacity of the life float or buoyant 
apparatus is 50 persons or more, the breaking strength must be at least 
1,360 kilograms (3,000 pounds);
    (iii) Be of a dark color if synthetic, or of a type certified to be 
resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light; and
    (iv) Be stowed in such a way that it runs out freely when the life 
float or buoyant apparatus floats away from a sinking vessel.
    (4) Light. The light must be a floating waterlight approved in 
accordance with Sec. 161.010 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other 
standard specified by the Commandant. The floating waterlight must be 
attached around the body of the life float or buoyant apparatus by a 12-

[[Page 229]]

thread manila, or equivalent, lanyard of at least 5.5 meters (18 feet) 
in length.
    (f) Other survival craft. If survival craft other than inflatable 
liferafts, life floats, inflatable buoyant apparatus, and buoyant 
apparatus are carried on the vessel, such as lifeboats or rigid 
liferafts, they must be installed, arranged, and equipped as required 
under subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter for passenger 
vessels on the same route.



              Subpart E--Number and Type of Survival Craft



Sec. 180.200  Survival craft--general.

    (a) Each survival craft required on a vessel by this part must meet 
one of the following:
    (1) For an inflatable liferaft--Subpart 160.151 in subchapter Q of 
this chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant, with the 
applicable equipment pack, as determined by the cognizant OCMI. Each 
inflatable liferaft required on a vessel by this part must have a 
capacity of 6 persons or more. Inflatable liferafts may be substituted 
for inflatable buoyant apparatus or life floats required under this 
section;
    (2) For a life float--Subpart 160.027 in subchapter Q of this 
chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant. Buoyant 
apparatus may be used to meet requirements for life floats if the 
buoyant apparatus was installed on board the vessel on or before March 
11, 1996, and if the buoyant apparatus remains in good and serviceable 
condition;
    (3) For an inflatable buoyant apparatus--Subpart 160.010 in 
subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant. Inflatable buoyant apparatus may be substituted for life 
floats required under this section.
    (4) For a buoyant apparatus--Subpart 160.010 in subchapter Q of this 
chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant. An existing 
buoyant apparatus may not be used to satisfy the requirements for life 
floats on existing vessels wishing to upgrade the total number of 
passengers carried on an oceans route.
    (b) If the vessel carries a small boat or boats, the capacity of 
these boats may be counted toward the buoyant apparatus or life float 
capacity required by this part. Such boats must meet the requirements 
for safe loading and flotation in 33 CFR part 183, and must meet the 
stowage, launching, and equipment requirements in this part for the 
survival craft they replace.
    (c) A summary of survival craft requirements is provided in Table 
180.200(c). The citations in brackets identify the sections of this part 
that contain the specific requirements.

                            Table 180.200(c)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Route                     Survival craft requirements       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oceans.......................  (a) cold water \1\--100% IBA--           
                                $180.202(a)(1).                         
                                 (i) w/subdivision \2\--100% LF--Sec.   
                                180.202(a)(2).                          
                               (c) warm water \3\--67% IBA \4\--        
                                $180.202(b).                            
Coastwise....................  (a) wood vsls in cold water.             
                                 (i) 67% IBA--Sec.  180.204(a)(1).      
                                 (ii) w/subdivision--100% LF--          
                                $180.204(a)(2).                         
                               (b) nonwood and vsls operating in warm   
                                water.                                  
                                 (i) 100% LF--Sec.  180.204 (b) and (c).
                               (c) within three miles of shore.         
                                 (i) w/o subdivision--100% LF--Sec.     
                                180.204(d)(1).                          
                                 (ii) w/subdivision--50% LF--Sec.       
                                180.204(d)(2).                          
                                 (iii) w/float free 406 MHz EPIRB--50%  
                                LF--Sec.  180.204(d)(3).                
 Limited Coastwise (Not more   (a) wood vsls in cold water.             
  than 20 miles from a harbor  (i) 67% IBA--Sec.  180.205(a)(1).        
       of safe refuge).        (ii) w/subdivision--100% LF--Sec.        
                                180.205(a)(2).                          
                               (b) nonwood vessels in cold water--100%  
                                LF--Sec.  180.205(b).                   
                               (c) within three miles of shore--Sec.    
                                180.205(d).                             
                                   (A) w/o subdivision--100% LF.        
                                   (B) w/subdivision--50% LF.           
                                   (C) w/float free 406 MHz EPIRB--50%  
                                LF.                                     
                               (d) vessels operating in warm water.     
                                 (i) 50% LF--Sec.  180.205(c).          
                                 (ii) within three miles of shore.      
                                   (A) w/o subdivision--50% LF--Sec.    
                                180.205(e)(1).                          
                                   (B) w/subdivision--NONE--Sec.        
                                180.205(e)(2).                          

[[Page 230]]

                                                                        
                                   (C) w/float free 406 MHz EPIRB--NONE--
                                    Sec.  180.205(e)(3).                
Great Lakes..................  (a) same as Limited Coastwise (a) & (b)--
                                Sec.  180.206(a).                       
                               (b) within one mile of shore--NONE \5\-- 
                                Sec.  180.206(b).                       
Lakes, Bays, & Sounds 6,7....  (a) wood vsls in cold water.             
                                 (i) 100% LF--Sec.  180.207(a)(1).      
                                 (ii) w/subdivision--50% LF--Sec.       
                                180.207(a)(2).                          
                               (b) nonwood--50% LF--Sec.  180.207(b).   
                               (c) within 1 mile of shore--NONE--Sec.   
                                180.207(e).                             
                               (d) warm water--NONE--Sec.  180.207(c).  
RIVERS 7,8...................  (a) cold water.                          
                                 (i) w/o subdivision--50% LF--Sec.      
                                180.208(a)(1).                          
                                 (ii) w/subdivision--NONE--Sec.         
                                180.208(a)(2).                          
                                 (iii) within one mile of shore--NONE-- 
                                Sec.  180.208(d).                       
                               (b) warm water--NONE--Sec.  180.208(b)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abbreviations used:                                                     
ILR=Inflatable liferaft                                                 
IBA=Inflatable Buoyant Apparatus                                        
LF=Life Float. As allowed by Sec.  180.15(d) any buoyant apparatus in   
  use on an existing vessel on March 11, 1996, may be used to meet the  
  requirements for LF as long as the buoyant apparatus is in good and   
  serviceable condition.                                                
Footnotes:                                                              
\1\ Cold water means the cognizant OCMI has determined the monthly mean 
  low temperature of the water is  15 deg. C (59 deg. F).               
\2\ Vessels  65 ft carrying  49 passengers built before March 11, 2001, 
  may meet the collision bulkhead standards in Sec.  179.310 and one-   
  compartment subdivision subdivision standards in Secs.  179.220 and   
  179.320 at least in way of the engine room and lazarette in lieu of   
  the subdivision requirements contained in this part.                  
\3\ Warm water means the cognizant OCMI has determined the monthly mean 
  low temperature of the water is > 15 deg. C (59 deg. F).              
\4\ Vessels operating in warm water may substitute 100% LF in lieu of   
  67% IBA--Sec.  180.202(d).                                            
\5\ OCMI may reduce primary lifesaving for seasonal or ferry type       
  operations on the Great Lakes--Sec.  180.206(b).                      
\6\ Shallow water exception--Sec.  180.207(e).                          
\7\ OCMI may reduce survival craft requirements based upon the route,   
  communications schedule and participation in VTS--Sec.  180.207(f) and
  Sec.  180.208(e)                                                      
\8\ Shallow water exception--Sec.  180.208(e)C.                         



Sec. 180.202  Survival craft--vessels operating an oceans routes.

    (a) Each vessel certificated to operate on an oceans route in cold 
water must either:
    (1) Be provided with inflatable buoyant apparatus of an aggregate 
capacity that will accommodate at least 100% of the total number of 
persons permitted on board; or
    (2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Secs. 179.310 in this chapter or 171.085 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, and the standards for subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 
of this chapter, or the standards for subdivision and damaged stability 
in Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and 171.080 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, as appropriate, and be provided with life floats of an 
aggregate capacity that will accommodate at least 100% of the total 
number of persons permitted on board.
    (b) Each vessel certificated to operate on an oceans route in warm 
water must either:
    (1) Be provided with inflatable buoyant apparatus of an aggregate 
capacity that will accommodate at least 67% of the total number of 
persons permitted on board; or
    (2) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will 
accommodate at least 100% of the total number of persons permitted on 
board.



Sec. 180.204  Survival craft--vessels operating on coastwise routes.

    (a) Except as allowed by paragraph (c) of this section, each vessel 
constructed of wood certificated to operate on a coastwise route in cold 
water must either:
    (1) Be provided with inflatable buoyant apparatus of an aggregate 
capacity that will accommodate at least 67% of the total number of 
persons permitted on board; or
    (2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Secs. 179.310 of this chapter or 171.085 in subchapter S of this chapter 
and the standards for subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 of this 
chapter, or the standards for subdivision and damaged stability in 
Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and 171.080 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, as appropriate, and be provided with life floats of an 
aggregate capacity that will accommodate at least 100% of the total 
number of persons permitted on board.

[[Page 231]]

    (b) Each vessel constructed of a material other than wood 
certificated to operate on a coastwise route in cold water must be 
provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will accommodate 
at least 100% of the total number of persons permitted on board.
    (c) Except as allowed by paragraph (d) of this section, each vessel 
certificated to operate on a coastwise route in warm water must be 
provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will accommodate 
at least 100% of the total number of persons permitted on board.
    (d) Each vessel certificated to operate on a coastwise route within 
three miles of land must either:
    (1) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will 
accommodate at least 100% of the total number of persons permitted on 
board; or
    (2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Secs. 179.310 of this subchapter or 171.085 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, and the standards for subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 
of this chapter, or the standards for subdivision and damaged stability 
in Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and 171.080 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, as appropriate, and be provided with life floats of an 
aggregate capacity that will accommodate at least 50% of the total 
number of persons permitted on board.
    (3) Have on board a FCC Type Accepted Category 1 406 MHz EPIRB, 
installed to automatically float free and activate, and be provided with 
life floats of an aggregate capacity that will accommodate at least 50% 
of the total number of persons permitted on board.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 180.205  Survival craft--vessels operating on limited coastwise routes.

    (a) Except as allowed by paragraph (d) of this section, each vessel 
constructed of wood certificated to operate on a limited coastwise route 
in cold water must either:
    (1) Be provided with inflatable buoyant apparatus of an aggregate 
capacity that will accommodate at least 67% of the total number of 
persons permitted on board; or
    (2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Secs. 179.310 of this chapter or 171.085 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, and the standards for subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 
of this chapter, or the standards for subdivision and damaged stability 
in Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and 171.080 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, as appropriate, and be provided with life floats of an 
aggregate capacity that will accommodate at least 100% of the total 
number of persons permitted on board.
    (b) Except as allowed by paragraph (d) of this section, each vessel 
constructed of a material other than wood certificated to operate on a 
limited coastwise route in cold water must be provided with life floats 
of an aggregate capacity that will accommodate at least 100% of the 
total number of persons permitted on board.
    (c) Except as allowed by paragraph (e) of this section, each vessel 
certificated to operate on a limited coastwise route in warm water must 
be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will 
accommodate at least 50% of the total number of persons permitted on 
board.
    (d) Each vessel certificated to operate on a limited coastwise route 
within three miles of land in cold water must be provided with the 
survival craft required by Sec. 180.204(d).
    (e) Each vessel certificated to operate on a limited coastwise route 
within three miles of land in warm water must either:
    (1) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will 
accommodate at least 50% of the total number of persons permitted on 
board; or
    (2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Secs. 179.310 of this chapter or 171.085 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, and the standards for subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 
of this chapter, or the standards for subdivision and damaged stability 
in Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and 171.080 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, as appropriate, and not be required to carry survival craft; or
    (3) Have on board a FCC Type Accepted Category 1 406 MHz EPIRB, 
installed to automatically float free and activate, and not be required 
to carry survival craft.

[[Page 232]]



Sec. 180.206  Survival craft--vessels operating on Great Lakes routes.

    (a) Except as allowed by paragraph (b) of this section, each vessel 
certificated to operate on a Great Lakes route must be provided with the 
survival craft required by Secs. 180.204 (a) through (e), as 
appropriate.
    (b) Each vessel certificated to operate on a Great Lakes route 
within one mile of land is not required to carry survival craft is the 
OCMI determines that it is safe to do so, taking into consideration the 
vessel's scope of operation, hazards of the route, and availability of 
assistance.



Sec. 180.207  Survival craft--vessels operating on lakes, bays, and sounds routes.

    (a) Except as allowed by paragraphs (d), (e) and (f) of this 
section, each vessel constructed of wood certificated to operate on a 
lakes, bays, and sounds route in cold water must either:
    (1) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will 
accommodate at least 100% of the total number of persons permitted on 
board; or
    (2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Secs. 179.310 of this chapter or 171.085 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, and the standards for subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 
of this chapter, or the standards for subdivision and damaged stability 
in Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and 171.080 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, as appropriate, and be provided with life floats of an 
aggregate capacity that will accommodate at least 50% of the total 
number of persons permitted on board.
    (b) Except as allowed by paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section, 
each vessel constructed of a material other than wood certificated to 
operate on a lakes, bays, and sounds route in cold water must be 
provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will accommodate 
at least 50% of the total number of persons permitted on board.
    (c) A vessel certificated to operate on a lakes, bays, and sounds 
route in warm water is not required to carry survival craft.
    (d) A vessel certificated to operate on a lake, bays, and sounds 
route within one mile of land is not required to carry survival craft.
    (e) For a vessel certificated to operate on a lakes, bays, and 
sounds route in shallow water where the vessel can not sink deep enough 
to submerge the topmost passenger deck or where survivors can wade 
ashore, the cognizant OCMI may waive a requirement for life floats, if 
the OCMI determines that it is safe to do so, taking into consideration 
the vessel's scope of operation, hazards of the route, and availability 
of assistance.
    (f) Each vessel operating with a set schedule on a specific route 
that does not take it more than 20 nautical miles from a harbor of safe 
refuge, and that maintains a 15 minute radio communications schedule 
with an operations base, or participates in a Vessel Traffic Service 
(VTS), may be granted a reduction in the survival craft requirements of 
this section if the cognizant OCMI is satisfied that a sufficient level 
of safety exists.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 975, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24464, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 180.208  Survival craft--vessels operating on rivers routes.

    (a) Except as allowed by paragraphs (c), (d) and (e) of this 
section, each vessel certificated to operate on a rivers route in cold 
water must either:
    (1) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity that will 
accommodate at least 50% of the total number of persons permitted on 
board; or
    (2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in 
Secs. 179.310 of this chapter or 171.085 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, and the standards for subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 
of this chapter, or the standards for subdivision and damaged stability 
in Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 and 171.080 in subchapter S of this 
chapter, as appropriate, and not be required to carry survival craft.
    (b) A vessel certificate to operate on a rivers route in warm water 
is not required to carry survival craft.
    (c) A vessel certificated to operate on a rivers route within one 
mile of land is not required to carry survival craft.
    (d) For a vessel certificated to operate on a rivers route in 
shallow water where the vessel can not sink deep enough to submerge the 
topmost passenger deck or where survivors can

[[Page 233]]

wade ashore, the cognizant OCMI may waive a requirement for life floats, 
if the OCMI determines that it is safe to do so, taking into 
consideration the vessel's scope of operation, hazards of the route, and 
availability of assistance.
    (e) Each vessel operating with a set schedule on a specific route 
that maintains a 15 minute radio communications schedule with an 
operations base, or participates in a Vessel Traffic Service (VTS), may 
be granted a reduction in the survival craft requirement of this section 
if the cognizant OCMI is satisfied that a sufficient level of safety 
exists.



Sec. 180.210  Rescue boats.

    (a) A vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must carry 
at least one rescue boat unless the cognizant OCMI determines that:
    (1) The vessel is sufficiently maneuverable, arranged, and equipped 
to allow the crew to recover a helpless person from the water;
    (2) Recovery of a helpless person can be observed from the operating 
station; and
    (3) The vessel does not regularly engage in operations that restrict 
its maneuverability.
    (b) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length is not 
required to carry a rescue boat unless:
    (1) The vessel carries passengers on an open or partially enclosed 
deck; and
    (2) The cognizant OCMI determines that the vessel is designed, 
arranged, or involved in operations so that the vessel itself cannot 
serve as an adequate rescue craft.
    (c) On a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a 
required rescue boat and its installation must meet the requirements in 
subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter for a rescue boat on a 
passenger vessel having the same route. On a vessel of not more than 
19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a required rescue boat must be 
acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.



PART 181--FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
181.115  Applicability to existing vessels.
181.120  Equipment installed but not required.

                          Subpart B--[Reserved]

                       Subpart C--Fire Main System

181.300  Fire pumps.
181.310  Fire main and hydrants.
181.320  Fire hoses and nozzles.

        Subpart D--Fixed Fire Extinguishing and Detecting Systems

181.400  Where required.
181.410  Fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.
181.420  Pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.
181.425  Galley hood fire extinguishing systems.
181.450  Independent modular smoke detecting units.

                 Subpart E--Portable Fire Extinguishers

181.500  Required number, type, and location.
181.520  Installation and location.

                     Subpart F--Additional Equipment

181.600  Fire axe.
181.610  Fire bucket.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306; E.O. 12234, 45FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 
Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 982, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 181.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

    (a) Except as otherwise required by paragraphs (b) and (c) of this 
section, an existing vessel must comply with the fire protection 
equipment regulations applicable to the vessel on March 10, 1996, or, as 
an alternative, the vessel may comply with the regulations in this part.
    (b) An existing vessel with a hull, or a machinery space boundary 
bulkhead

[[Page 234]]

or deck, composed of wood or fiber reinforced plastic, or sheathed on 
the interior in fiber reinforced plastic, must comply with the 
requirements of Sec. 181.400 of this part on or before March 11, 1999.
    (c) New installations of fire protection equipment on an existing 
vessel, which are completed to the satisfaction of the cognizant Officer 
in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) on or after March 11, 1996, must 
comply with the regulations of this part. Replacement of existing 
equipment installed on the vessel prior to March 11, 1996, need not 
comply with the regulations in this part.



Sec. 181.120  Equipment installed but not required.

    Fire extinguishing and detecting equipment installed on a vessel in 
excess of the requirements of Secs. 181.400 and 181.500 must be 
designed, constructed, installed and maintained in accordance with a 
recognized industry standard acceptable to the Commandant.



                          Subpart B--[Reserved]



                       Subpart C--Fire Main System



Sec. 181.300  Fire pumps.

    (a) A self priming, power driven fire pump must be installed on each 
vessel:
    (i) Of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length which is a 
ferry vessel;
    (ii) Of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length that carries 
more than 49 passengers; or
    (iii) Of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length.
    (b) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying more than 49 passengers, and on a vessel of more than 19.8 
meters (65 feet) in length, the minimum capacity of the fire pump must 
be 189 liters (50 gallons) per minute at a pressure of not less than 414 
kPa (60 psi) at the pump outlet. The pump outlet must be fitted with a 
pressure gauge.
    (c) On a ferry vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in 
length carrying not more than 49 passengers, the minimum capacity of the 
fire pump must be 38 liters (10 gallons) per minute. The fire pump must 
be capable of projecting a hose stream from the highest hydrant, through 
the hose and nozzle required by Sec. 181.320 of this part, a distance of 
7.6 meters (25 feet).
    (d) A fire pump may be driven by a propulsion engine. A fire pump 
must be permanently connected to the fire main and may be connected to 
the bilge system to meet the requirements of Sec. 182.520 of this 
chapter.
    (e) A fire pump must be capable of both remote operation from the 
operating station and local, manual operations at the pump.



Sec. 181.310  Fire main and hydrants.

    (a) A vessel that has a power driven fire pump must have a 
sufficient number of fire hydrants to reach any part of the vessel using 
a single length of fire hose.
    (b) Piping, valves, and fittings in a fire main system must comply 
with subpart G, part 182, of this chapter.



Sec. 181.320  Fire hoses and nozzles.

    (a) A fire hose with a nozzle must be attached to each fire hydrant 
at all times. For fire stations located on open decks or cargo decks, 
where no protection is provided, hoses may be temporarily removed during 
heavy weather or cargo handling operations, respectively. Hoses so 
removed must be stored in nearby accessible locations.
    (b) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying more than 49 passengers, and on a vessel of more than 19.8 
meters (65 feet) in length, each hose must:
    (1) Be lined commercial fire hose that conforms to Underwriters 
Laboratory (UL) 19 ``Lined Fire Hose and Hose Assemblies,'' or hose that 
is listed and labeled by an independent laboratory recognized by the 
Commandant as being equivalent in performance;.
    (2) Be 15.25 meters (50 feet) in length and 40 millimeters (1.5 
inches) in diameter; and
    (3) Have fittings of brass or other suitable corrosion-resistant 
material that comply with National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 
1963 ``Standard for Fire Hose Connections,'' or other standard specified 
by the Commandant.
    (c) Each fire hose on a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 
feet) in

[[Page 235]]

length carrying not more than 49 passengers must:
    (1) Comply with paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(3) of this section or be 
garden type hose of not less than 16 millimeters (0.625 inches) nominal 
inside diameter;
    (2) Be of one piece not less than 7.6 meters (25 feet) and not more 
than 15.25 meters (50 feet) in length; and
    (3) If of the garden type, be of a good commercial grade constructed 
of an inner rubber tube, plies of braided fabric reinforcement, and an 
outer cover of rubber or equivalent material, and of sufficient strength 
to withstand the maximum pressure that can be produced by the fire pump. 
All fittings on the hose must be of suitable corrosion-resistant 
material.
    (d) Each nozzle must be of corrosion-resistant material and be 
capable of being changed between a solid stream and a spray pattern. A 
nozzle on a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying more than 49 passengers, and on a vessel of more than 19.8 
meters (65 feet) in length, must:
    (1) Be of a type approved in accordance with Sec. 162.027 in 
subchapter Q of this chapter; or
    (2) Be of a type recognized by the Commandant as being equivalent in 
performance.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 982, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996; 61 FR 
24464, May 15, 1996]



        Subpart D--Fixed Fire Extinguishing and Detecting Systems



Sec. 181.400   Where required.

    (a) The following spaces must be equipped with a fixed gas fire 
extinguishing system, in compliance with Sec. 181.410, or other fixed 
fire extinguishing system specifically approved by the Commandant, 
except as otherwise allowed by paragraph (b) of this section:
    (1) A space containing propulsion machinery;
    (2) A space containing an internal combustion engine of more than 
37.3 kW (50 hp);
    (3) A space containing an oil fired boiler;
    (4) A space containing machinery powered by gasoline or other fuels 
having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower;
    (5) A space containing a fuel tank for gasoline or any other fuel 
having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower;
    (6) A space containing combustible cargo or ship's stores 
inaccessible during the voyage (in these types of spaces only carbon 
dioxide, and not Halon, systems will be allowed);
    (7) A paint locker; and
    (8) A storeroom containing flammable liquids (including liquors of 
80 proof or higher where liquor is packaged in individual containers of 
9.5 liters (2.5 gallons) capacity or greater).
    (b) Alternative system types and exceptions to the requirements of 
paragraph (a) of this section are:
    (1) A fixed gas fire extinguishing system, which is capable of 
automatic discharge upon heat detection, may only be installed in a 
normally unoccupied space with a gross volume of not more than 170 cubic 
meters (6,000 cubic feet);
    (2) A pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system must be in 
compliance with Sec. 181.420 of this part and may only be installed in a 
normally unoccupied machinery space, a paint locker, or a storeroom 
containing flammable liquids (including liquors of 80 proof or higher 
where liquor is packaged in individual containers of 9.5 liters (2.5 
gallons) capacity or greater), with a gross volume of not more than 57 
cubic meters (2,000 cubic feet);
    (3) A B-II portable fire extinguisher installed outside the space 
may be substituted for a fixed gas fire extinguishing system in a 
storeroom containing flammable liquids (including liquors of 80 proof or 
higher where liquor is packaged in individual containers of 9.5 liters 
(2.5 gallons) capacity or greater) or a paint locker, with a volume of 
not more that 5.7 cubic meters (200 cubic feet);
    (4) A space which is so open to the atmosphere that a fixed gas fire 
extinguishing system would be ineffective, as determined by the 
cognizant OCMI, is not required to have a fixed gas fire extinguishing 
system; and
    (5) Where the amount of carbon dioxide gas required in a fixed fire 
extinguishing system can be supplied by one portable extinguisher or a 
semiportable extinguisher, such an extinguisher may be used subject to 
the following:

[[Page 236]]

    (i) Cylinders shall be installed in a fixed position outside the 
space protected;
    (ii) The applicator shall be installed in a fixed position so as to 
discharge into the space protected; and
    (iii) Controls shall be installed in an accessible location outside 
the space protected.
    (c) The following spaces must be equipped with a fire detecting 
system of an approved type that is installed in accordance with 
Sec. 76.27 in subchapter H of this chapter, except when a fixed gas fire 
extinguishing system that is capable of automatic discharge upon heat 
detection is installed or when the space is manned:
    (1) A space containing propulsion machinery;
    (2) A space containing an internal combustion engine of more than 50 
hp;
    (3) A space containing an oil fired boiler;
    (4) A space containing machinery powered by gasoline or any other 
fuels having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower; and
    (5) A space containing a fuel tank for gasoline or any other fuel 
having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower.
    (d) All grills, broilers, and deep fat fryers must be fitted with a 
grease extraction hood in compliance with Sec. 181.425.
    (e) Each overnight accommodation space on a vessel with overnight 
accommodations for passengers must be fitted with an independent modular 
smoke detecting and alarm unit in compliance with Sec. 181.450.
    (f) An enclosed vehicle space must be fitted with an automatic 
sprinkler system that meets the requirements of Sec. 76.25 in subchapter 
H of this chapter; and
    (1) A fire detecting system of an approved type that is installed in 
accordance with Sec. 76.27 in subchapter H of this chapter; or
    (2) A smoke detecting system of an approved type that is installed 
in accordance with Sec. 76.33 in subchapter H of this chapter.
    (g) A partially enclosed vehicle space must be fitted with a manual 
sprinkler system that meets the requirements of Sec. 76.23 in subchapter 
H of this chapter.



Sec. 181.410  Fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.

    (a) General. (1) A fixed gas fire extinguishing system aboard a 
vessel must be approved by the Commandant, and be custom engineered to 
meet the requirements of this section unless the system meets the 
requirements of Sec. 181.420.
    (2) System components must be listed and labeled by an independent 
laboratory. A component from a different system, even if from the same 
manufacturer, must not be used unless included in the approval of the 
installed system.
    (3) System design and installation must be in accordance with the 
Marine Design, Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual approved 
for the system by the Commandant.
    (4) A fixed gas fire extinguishing system may protect more than one 
space. The quantity of extinguishing agent must be at least sufficient 
for the space requiring the greatest quantity as determined by the 
requirements of paragraphs (f)(4) and (g)(2) of this section.
    (b) Controls. (1) Controls and valves for operation of fixed gas 
fire extinguishing system must be:
    (i) Located outside the space protected by the system; and
    (ii) Not located in a space that might be inaccessible in the event 
of fire in the space protected by the system.
    (2) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, release 
of an extinguishing agent into a space must require two distinct 
operations.
    (3) A system must have local manual controls at the storage 
cylinders capable of releasing the extinguishing agent. In addition, a 
normally manned space must have remote controls for releasing the 
extinguishing agent at the primary exit from the space.
    (4) Remote controls must be located in a breakglass enclosure to 
preclude accidental discharge.
    (5) Valves and controls must be of an approved type and protected 
from damage or accidental activation. A pull cable used to activate the 
system controls must be enclosed in conduit.
    (6) A system protecting more than one space must have a manifold 
with a normally closed stop valve for each space protected.

[[Page 237]]

    (7) A gas actuated valve or device must be capable of manual 
override at the valve or device.
    (8) A system, that has more than one storage cylinder for the 
extinguishing agent and that relies on pilot cylinders to activate the 
primary storage cylinders, must have at least two pilot cylinders. Local 
manual controls, in compliance with paragraph (b)(3) of this section, 
must be provided to operate the pilot cylinders but are not required for 
the primary storage cylinders.
    (9) A system protecting a manned space must be fitted with an 
approved time delay and alarm arranged to require the alarm to sound for 
at least 20 seconds or the time necessary to escape from the space, 
whichever is greater, before the agent is released into the space. 
Alarms must be conspicuously and centrally located. The alarm must be 
powered by the extinguishing agent.
    (10) A device must be provided to automatically shut down power 
ventilation serving the protected space and engines that draw intake air 
from the protected space prior to release of the extinguishing agency 
into the space.
    (11) Controls and storage cylinders must not be in a locked space 
unless the key is in a breakglass type box conspicuously located 
adjacent to the space.
    (c) Storage space. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of 
this section, a storage cylinder for a fixed gas extinguishing system 
must be:
    (i) Located outside the space protected by the system; and
    (ii) Not located in a space that might be inaccessible in the event 
of a fire in the space protected by the system.
    (2) A normally unoccupied space of less than 170 cubic meters (6,000 
cubic feet) may have the storage cylinders located within the space 
protected. When the storage cylinders are located in the space:
    (i) The system must be capable of automatic operation by a heat 
actuator within the space; and
    (ii) Have manual controls in compliance with paragraph (b) of this 
section except for paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3).
    (3) A space containing a storage cylinder must be maintained at a 
temperature within the range from -30 deg. C (-20 deg. F) to 55 deg. C 
(130 deg. F) or at another temperature as listed by the independent 
laboratory and stated in the manufacturer's approved manual.
    (4) A storage cylinder must be securely fastened, supported, and 
protected against damage.
    (5) A storage cylinder must be accessible and capable of easy 
removal for recharging and inspection. Provisions must be available for 
weighing each storage cylinder in place.
    (6) Where subject to moisture, a storage cylinder must be installed 
to provide a space of at least 51 millimeters (2 inches) between the 
deck and the bottom of the storage cylinder.
    (7) A Halon 1301 storage cylinder must be stowed in an upright 
position unless otherwise listed by the independent laboratory. A carbon 
dioxide cylinder may be inclined not more than 30 deg. from the 
vertical, unless fitted with flexible or bent siphon tubes, in which 
case they may be inclined not more than 80 deg. from the vertical.
    (8) Where a check valve is not fitted on an independent storage 
cylinder discharge, a plug or cap must be provided for closing the 
outlet resulting from storage cylinder removal.
    (9) Each storage cylinder must meet the requirements of Sec. 147.60 
in subchapter N of this chapter, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant.
    (10) A storage cylinder space must have doors that open outwards or 
be fitted with kickout panels installed in each door.
    (d) Piping. (1) A pipe, valve, or fitting of ferrous material must 
be protected inside and outside against corrosion unless otherwise 
approved by the Commandant. Aluminum or other low melting material must 
not be used for a component of a fixed gas fire extinguishing system 
except as specifically approved by the Commandant.
    (2) A distribution line must extend at least 51 millimeters (2 
inches) beyond the last orifice and be closed with a cap or plug.
    (3) Piping, valves, and fittings must be securely supported, and 
where necessary, protected against damage.
    (4) Drains and dirt traps must be fitted where necessary to prevent 
the

[[Page 238]]

accumulation of dirt or moisture and located in accessible locations.
    (5) Piping must be used for no other purpose except that it may be 
incorporated with the fire detecting system.
    (6) Piping passing through accommodation spaces must not be fitted 
with drains or other openings within such spaces.
    (7) Installation test requirements for carbon dioxide systems. The 
distribution piping of a carbon dioxide fixed gas extinguishing systems 
must be tested as required by this paragraph, upon completion of the 
piping installation, using only carbon dioxide, compressed air, or 
nitrogen gas.
    (i) Piping between a storage cylinder and a stop valve in the 
manifold must be subjected to a pressure of 6,894 kPa (1,000 psi), 
except as permitted in paragraph (d)(7)(iii) of this section. Without 
additional gas being introduced to the system, the pressure drop must 
not exceed 2,068 kPa (300 psi) after two minutes.
    (ii) A distribution line to a space protected by the system must be 
subjected to a test similar to that described in paragraph (d)(7)(i) of 
this section except the pressure used must be 4,136 kPa (600 psi). For 
the purpose of this test, the distribution piping must be capped within 
the space protected at the first joint between the nozzles and the 
storage cylinders.
    (iii) A small independent system protecting a space such as a paint 
locker may be tested by blowing out the piping with air at a pressure of 
not less than 689 kPa (100 psi) instead of the tests prescribed in the 
paragraphs (d)(7)(i) and (d)(7)(ii) of this section.
    (8) Installation test requirements for Halon 1301 systems. The 
distribution piping of a Halon 1301 fixed gas extinguishing system must 
be tested, as required by this paragraph, upon completion of the piping 
installation, using only carbon dioxide, compressed air, or nitrogen.
    (i) When pressurizing the piping, pressure must be increased in 
small increments. Each joint must be subjected to a soap bubble leak 
test, and all joints must be leak free.
    (ii) Piping between the storage cylinders and the manifold stop 
valve must be subjected to a leak test conducted at a pressure of 4,136 
kPa (600 psi). Without additional gas being added to the system, there 
must be no loss of pressure over a two minute period after thermal 
equilibrium is reached.
    (iii) Distribution piping between the manifold stop valve and the 
first nozzle in the system must be capped and pneumatically tested for a 
period of 10 minutes at 1,034 kPa (150 psi). At the end of 10 minutes, 
the pressure drop must not exceed 10% of the test pressure.
    (e) Pressure relief. When required by the cognizant OCMI, spaces 
that are protected by a fixed gas fire extinguishing system and that are 
relatively air tight, such as refrigeration spaces, paint lockers, etc., 
must be provided with suitable means for relieving excessive pressure 
within the space when the agent is released.
    (f) Specific requirements for carbon dioxide systems. A custom 
engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system, which uses carbon 
dioxide as the extinguishing agent, must meet the requirements of this 
paragraph.
    (1) Piping, valves, and fittings must have a bursting pressure of 
not less than 41,360 kPa (6,000 psi). Piping, in nominal sizes of not 
more than 19 millimeters (0.75 inches), must be at least Schedule 40 
(standard weight), and in nominal sizes of over 19 millimeters (0.75 
inches), must be at least Schedule 80 (extra heavy).
    (2) A pressure relief valve or equivalent set to relieve at between 
16,550 and 19,300 kPa (2,400 and 2,800 psi) must be installed in the 
distribution manifold to protect the piping from over-pressurization.
    (3) Nozzles must be approved by the Commandant.
    (4) When installed in a machinery space, paint locker, a space 
containing flammable liquid stores, or a space with a fuel tank, a fixed 
carbon dioxide system must meet the following requirements.
    (i) The quantity of carbon dioxide in kilograms (pounds) that the 
system must be capable of providing to a space must not be less than the 
gross volume of the space divided by the appropriate factor given in 
Table 181.410(f)(4)(i). If

[[Page 239]]

fuel can drain from a space being protected to an adjacent space or if 
the spaces are not entirely separate, the volume of both spaces must be 
used to determine the quantity of carbon dioxide to be provided. The 
carbon dioxide must be arranged to discharge into both such spaces 
simultaneously.

                         Table 181.410(f)(4)(i)                         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         Gross volume of space in cubic meters (feet)   
       Factor        ---------------------------------------------------
                                Over                    Not Over        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.94 (15)...........  ........................          14 (500)        
1.0 (16)............          14 (500)                  45 (1,600)      
1.1 (18)............          45 (1,600)               125 (4,500)      
1.2 (20)............         125 (4,500)              1400 (50,000)     
1.4 (22)............        1400 (50,000)       ........................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) The minimum size of a branch line to a space must be as noted 
in Table 181.410(f)(4)(ii).

                         Table 181.410(f)(4)(ii)                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Maximum quantity of carbon dioxide     Minimum nominal pipe size  mm  
          required  kg (lbs)                        (inches)            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
45.4 (100)...........................             12.7 (0.5)            
102 (225)............................               19 (0.75)           
136 (300)............................               25 (1.0)            
272 (600)............................               30 (1.25)           
454 (1000)...........................               40 (1.5)            
1111 (2450)..........................               50 (2.0)            
1134 (2,500).........................               65 (2.5)            
2018 (4,450).........................               75 (3.0)            
3220 (7,100).........................               90 (3.5)            
4739 (10,450)........................              100 (4.0)            
6802 (15,000)........................              113 (4.5)            
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (iii) Distribution piping within a space must be proportioned from 
the distribution line to give proper supply to the outlets without 
throttling.
    (iv) The number, type, and location of discharge outlets must 
provide uniform distribution of carbon dioxide throughout a space.
    (v) The area of each discharge outlet must not exceed 85 percent nor 
be less than 35 percent of the nominal cylinder outlet area or the area 
of the supply pipe, whichever is smaller. The nominal cylinder outlet 
area in square millimeters is determined by multiplying the factor 0.015 
(0.0022 if using square inches) by the total capacity in kilograms of 
all carbon dioxide cylinders in the system, except in no case must the 
outlet area be of less than 71 square millimeters (0.110 square inches 
if using pounds).
    (vi) The discharge of at least 85 percent of the required amount of 
carbon dioxide must be completed within two minutes.
    (5) When installed in an enclosed ventilation system for rotating 
electrical propulsion equipment a fixed carbon dioxide extinguishing 
system must meet the following requirements.
    (i) The quantity of carbon dioxide in kilograms must be sufficient 
for initial and delayed discharges as required by this paragraph. The 
initial discharge must be equal to the gross volume of the system 
divided by 160 (10 if using pounds) for ventilation systems having a 
volume of less than 57 cubic meters (2,000 cubic feet), or divided by 
192 (12 if using pounds) for ventilation systems having a volume of at 
least 57 cubic meters (2,000 cubic feet). In addition, there must be 
sufficient carbon dioxide available to permit delayed discharges to 
maintain at least a 25 percent concentration until the equipment can be 
stopped. If the initial discharge achieves this concentration, a delayed 
discharge is not required.
    (ii) The piping sizes for the initial discharge must be in 
accordance with Table 181.410(f)(4)(ii) and the discharge of the 
required amount must be completed within two minutes.
    (iii) Piping for the delayed discharge must not be less than 12.7 
millimeters (0.5 inches) nominal pipe size, and need not meet specific 
requirement for discharge rate.
    (iv) Piping for the delayed discharge may be incorporated with the 
initial discharge piping.
    (6) When installed in a cargo space a fixed carbon dioxide 
extinguishing system must meet the following requirements.
    (i) The number of kilograms (pounds) of carbon dioxide required for 
each space in cubic meters (feet) must be equal to the gross volume of 
the space in cubic meters (feet) divided by 480 (30 if using pounds).
    (ii) System piping must be of at least 19 millimeters (0.75 inches).
    (iii) No specific discharge rate is required.
    (g) Specific requirements for Halon 1301 systems. (1) A custom 
engineering fixed gas fire extinguishing system, which uses Halon 1301, 
must comply with the

[[Page 240]]

applicable sections of UL Standard 1058 ``Halogenated Agent 
Extinguishing System Units,'' and the requirements of this paragraph.
    (2) The Halon 1301 quantity and discharge requirements of UL 1058 
apply, with the exception that the Halon 1301 design concentration must 
be 6 percent at the lowest ambient temperature expected in the space. If 
the lowest temperature is not known, a temperature of -18 deg. C (0 deg. 
F) must be assumed.
    (3) Each storage cylinder in a system must have the same pressure 
and volume.
    (4) Computer programs used in designing systems must have been 
approved by an independent laboratory.

    Note to Sec. 181.410(g): As of Jan. 1, 1994, the United States 
banned the production of Halon. The Environmental Protection Agency 
placed significant restrictions on the servicing and maintenance of 
systems containing Halon. Vessels operating on an international voyage, 
subject to SOLAS requirements, are prohibited from installing fixed gas 
fire extinguishing systems containing Halon.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 982, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 181.420  Pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.

    (a) A pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system must:
    (1) Be approved by the Commandant;
    (2) Be capable of manual actuation from outside the space in 
addition to automatic actuation by a heat detector;
    (3) Automatically shut down all power ventilation systems and all 
engines that draw intake air from within the protected space; and
    (4) Be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
    (b) A vessel on which a pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing 
system is installed must have the following equipment at the operating 
station:
    (1) A light to indicate discharge;
    (2) An audible alarm that sounds upon discharge; and
    (3) A means to reset devices used to automatically shut down 
ventilation systems and engines as required by paragraph (a)(3) of this 
section.
    (c) Only one pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system is 
allowed to be installed in each space protected by such a system.



Sec. 181.425  Galley hood fire extinguishing systems.

    (a) A grease extraction hood required by Sec. 181.400 must meet UL 
710 ``Exhaust Hoods for Commercial Cooking Equipment,'' or other 
standard specified by the Commandant.
    (b) A grease extraction hood must be equipped with a dry or wet 
chemical fire extinguishing system meeting the applicable sections of 
NFPA 17 ``Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems,'' 17A ``Wet Chemical 
Extinguishing Systems,'' or other standard specified by the Commandant, 
and must be listed by an independent laboratory recognized by the 
Commandant.



Sec. 181.450  Independent modular smoke detecting units.

    (a) An independent modular smoke detecting unit must:
    (1) Meet UL Standard 217 and be listed as a ``Single Station Smoke 
detector--Also suitable for use in Recreational Vehicles,'' or other 
standard specified by the Commandant;
    (2) Contain an independent power source; and
    (3) Alarm on low power.
    (b) [Reserved]



                 Subpart E--Portable Fire Extinguishers



Sec. 181.500  Required number, type, and location.

    (a) Each portable fire extinguisher on a vessel must be of an 
approved type. The minimum number of portable fire extinguishers 
required on a vessel must be acceptable to the cognizant OCMI, but must 
be not less than the minimum number required by Table 181.500(a) and 
other provisions of this section.

[[Page 241]]



                                                Table 181.500(a)                                                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  Type extinguisher permitted                   
       Space protected          Minimum No.   ------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  required         CG class               Medium                  Min size      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating Station...........  1..............  B-I, C-I.......  Halon....................  1.1 kg (2.5 lb).     
                                                                C02......................  1.8kg (4 lb).        
                                                                Dry Chemical.............  0.9 kg (2 lb).       
Machinery Space.............  1..............  B-II, C-II       C02......................  6.8 kg (15 lb).      
                                                located just                                                    
                                                outside exit.                                                   
                                                                Dry chemical.............  4.5 kg (10 lb).      
Open Vehicle Deck...........  1 for every 10   B-II...........  Foam.....................  9.5 L (2.5 gal).     
                               vehicles.                                                                        
                                                                Halon....................  4.5 kg (10 lb).      
                                                                C02......................  6.8 kg (15 lb).      
                                                                Dry Chemical.............  4.5 kg (10 lb).      
Accomodation Space..........  1 for each       A-II...........  Foam.....................  9.5 L (2.5 gal).     
                               232.3 square                     Dry Chemical.............  2.3 kg (5 lb).       
                               meters (2.500                                                                    
                               square feet)                                                                     
                               or fraction                                                                      
                               thereof.                                                                         
 Galley, Pantry, Concession   1..............  A-II, B-II.....  Foam.....................  9.5 L (2.5 gal).     
            Stand.                                                                                              
                                                                Dry Chemical.............  4.5 kg (10 lb).      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) A vehicle deck without a fixed sprinkler system and exposed to 
weather must have one B-II portable fire extinguisher for every five 
vehicles, located near an entrance to the space.
    (c) The cognizant OCMI may permit the use of a larger portable fire 
extinguisher, or a semiportable fire extinguisher, in lieu of those 
required by this section.
    (d) The frame or support of each B-V fire extinguisher permitted by 
paragraph (c) of this section must be welded or otherwise permanently 
attached to a bulkhead or deck.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 982, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24464, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 181.520  Installation and location.

    Portable fire extinguishers must be located so that they are clearly 
visible and readily accessible from the space being protected. The 
installation and location must be to the satisfaction of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection.



                     Subpart F--Additional Equipment



Sec. 181.600  Fire axe.

    A vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must have at 
least one fire axe located in or adjacent to the primary operating 
station.



Sec. 181.610  Fire bucket.

    A vessel not required to have a power driven fire pump by 
Sec. 181.610 must have at least three 9.5 liter (2\1/2\ gallon) buckets, 
with an attached lanyard satisfactory to the cognizant OCMI, placed so 
as to be easily available during an emergency. The words ``FIRE BUCKET'' 
must be stenciled in a contrasting color on each bucket.



PART 182--MACHINERY INSTALLATION--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
182.100  Intent.
182.115  Applicability to existing vessels.
182.130  Alternative standards.

                     Subpart B--Propulsion Machinery

182.200  General.
182.220  Installations.

                     Subpart C--Auxiliary Machinery

182.310  Installations.
182.320  Water heaters.
182.330  Pressure vessels.

               Subpart D--Specific Machinery Requirements

182.400  Applicability.
182.405  Fuel restrictions.
182.410  General requirements.
182.415  Carburetors.
182.420  Engine cooling.
182.422  Keel and grid cooler installations.

[[Page 242]]

182.425  Engine exhaust cooling.
182.430  Engine exhaust pipe installation.
182.435  Integral fuel tanks.
182.440  Independent fuel tanks.
182.445  Fill and sounding pipes for fuel tanks.
182.450  Vent pipes for fuel tanks.
182.455  Fuel piping.
182.458  Portable fuel systems.
182.460  Ventilation of spaces containing machinery powered by, or fuel 
          tanks for, gasoline.
182.465  Ventilation of spaces containing diesel machinery.
182.470  Ventilation of spaces containing diesel fuel tanks.
182.480  Flammable vapor detection systems.

                  Subpart E--Bilge and Ballast Systems

182.500  General.
182.510  Bilge piping system.
182.520  Bilge pumps.
182.530  Bilge high level alarms.
182.540  Ballast systems.

                       Subpart F--Steering Systems

182.600  General.
182.610  Main steering gear.
182.620  Auxiliary means of steering.

                        Subpart G--Piping Systems

182.700  General.
182.710  Piping for vital systems.
182.715  Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital 
          systems.
182.720  Nonmetallic piping materials.
182.730  Nonferrous metallic piping materials.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 
Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 182.100  Intent.

    This part contains requirements for the design, construction, 
installation, and operation of propulsion and auxiliary machinery, 
piping and pressure systems, steering apparatus, and associated safety 
systems. Machinery and equipment installed on each vessel must be 
suitable for the vessel and its operation and for the purpose intended. 
All machinery and equipment must be installed and maintained in such a 
manner as to afford adequate protection from causing fire, explosion, 
machinery failure, and personnel injury.



Sec. 182.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

    (a) Except as otherwise required by paragraphs (b), (c) and (d) of 
this section, an existing vessel must comply with the regulations on 
machinery, bilge and ballast system equipment, steering apparatus, and 
piping systems or components that were applicable to the vessel on March 
10, 1996 or, as an alternative, the vessel may comply with the 
regulations in this part.
    (b) New installations of machinery, bilge and ballast system 
equipment, steering equipment, and piping systems or components on an 
existing vessel, which are completed to the satisfaction of the 
cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) on or after March 
11, 1996, must comply with the regulations of this part. Replacement of 
existing equipment installed on the vessel prior to March 11, 1996, need 
not comply with the regulations in this part.
    (c) An existing vessel equipped with machinery powered by gasoline 
or other fuels having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower 
must comply with the requirements of Sec. 182.410(c) on or before March 
11, 1999.
    (d) On or before March 11, 1999, an existing vessel must comply with 
the bilge high level alarm requirements in Sec. 182.530.



Sec. 182.130  Alternative standards.

    A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length carrying 
not more than 12 passengers propelled by gasoline or diesel internal 
combustion engines, other than a High Speed Craft, may comply with the 
following American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) Projects or 33 CFR 
subchapter S (Boating Safety), where indicated in this part, in lieu of 
complying with those requirements:
    (a) H-2--``Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline'', or 33 CFR 183, 
subpart K, ``Ventilation'';
    (b) H-22--``DC Electric Bilge Pumps Operating Under 50 Volts'';
    (c) H-24--``Gasoline Fuel Systems'', or 33 CFR 183, subpart J--
``Fuel System'';
    (d) H-25--``Portable Gasoline Fuel Systems for Flammable Liquids'';

[[Page 243]]

    (e) H-32--``Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel'';
    (f) H-33--``Diesel Fuel Systems'';
    (g) P-1--``Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and 
Auxiliary Engines''; and
    (h) P-4--``Marine Inboard Engines''.



                     Subpart B--Propulsion Machinery



Sec. 182.200  General.

    (a) Propulsion machinery must be suitable in type and design for 
propulsion requirements of the hull in which it is installed and capable 
of operating at constant marine load under such requirements without 
exceeding its designed limitations.
    (b) All engines must have at least two means for stopping the 
engine(s) under any operating conditions. The fuel oil shutoff required 
at the engine by Sec. 182.455(b)(4) will satisfy one means of stopping 
the engine.



Sec. 182.220  Installations.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, propulsion 
machinery installations must comply with the provisions of this part.
    (b) The requirements for machinery and boilers for steam and 
electrically propelled vessels are contained in applicable regulations 
in subchapter F (Marine Engineering) and subchapter J (Electrical 
Engineering) of this chapter.
    (c) Propulsion machinery of an unusual type for small passenger 
vessels must be given separate consideration and is subject to such 
requirements as determined necessary by the cognizant OCMI. These 
unusual types of propulsion machinery include:
    (1) Gas turbine machinery installations;
    (2) Air screws;
    (3) Hydraulic jets; and
    (4) Machinery installations using lift devices.



                     Subpart C--Auxiliary Machinery



Sec. 182.310  Installations.

    (a) Auxiliary machinery of the internal combustion piston type must 
comply with the provisions of this part.
    (b) Auxiliary machinery of the steam or gas turbine type will be 
given separate consideration and must meet the applicable requirements 
of subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter as determined 
necessary by the cognizant OCMI.
    (c) Auxiliary boilers and heating boilers and their associated 
piping and fittings will be given separate consideration and must meet 
the applicable requirements of subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this 
chapter as determined necessary by the cognizant OCMI, except that 
heating boilers must be tested or examined every three years.



Sec. 182.320  Water heaters.

    (a) A water heater must meet the requirements of parts 52 and 63 of 
this chapter if rated at more than 689 kPa (100 psig) or 121 deg. C 
(250 deg. F).
    (b) A water heater must meet the requirements of parts 53 and 63 of 
this chapter if rated at not more than 689 kPa (100 psig) and 121 deg. C 
(250 deg. F), except that an electric water heater is also acceptable if 
it:
    (1) Has a capacity of not more than 454 liters (120 gallons);
    (2) Has a heat input of not more than 58.6 kilowatts (200,000 Btu 
per hour);
    (3) Is listed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) under UL 174, 
``Household Electric Storage Tank Water Heaters,'' UL 1453, ``Electric 
Booster and Commercial Storage Tank Water Heaters,'' or other standard 
specified by the Commandant; and
    (4) Is protected by a pressure-temperature relief device.
    (c) A water heater must be installed and secured from rolling by 
straps or other devices to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 182.330  Pressure vessels.

    All unfired pressure vessels must be installed to the satisfaction 
of the cognizant OCMI. The design, construction, and original testing of 
such unfired pressure vessels must meet the applicable requirements of 
subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.

[[Page 244]]



               Subpart D--Specific Machinery Requirements



Sec. 182.400  Applicability.

    (a) This subpart applies to all propulsion and auxiliary machinery 
installations of the internal combustion piston type.
    (b) Requirements of this subpart that are only applicable to engines 
that use gasoline or other fuels having a flashpoint of 43.3 deg. C 
(110 deg. F) or lower are specifically designated in each section.
    (c) Requirements of this subpart that are only applicable to engines 
that use diesel fuel or other fuels having a flashpoint of more than 
43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) are specifically designated in each section.
    (d) Where no specific gasoline, diesel, or other fuel designation 
exists, the requirements of this subpart are applicable to all types of 
fuels and machinery.



Sec. 182.405  Fuel restrictions.

    The use of alternative fuels, other than diesel fuel or gasoline, as 
fuel for an internal combustion engine will be reviewed on a case by 
case basis by Commandant.



Sec. 182.410  General requirements.

    (a) Starting motors, generators, and any spark producing device must 
be mounted as high above the bilges as practicable. Electrical equipment 
in spaces, compartments, or enclosures that contain machinery powered 
by, or fuel tanks for, gasoline or other fuels having a flashpoint of 
43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower must be explosion-proof, intrinsically 
safe, or ignition protected for use in a gasoline atmosphere as required 
by Sec. 183.530 of this chapter.
    (b) Gauges to indicate engine revolutions per minute (RPM), jacket 
water discharge temperature, and lubricating oil pressure must be 
provided for all propulsion engines installed in the vessel. The gauges 
must be readily visible at the operating station.
    (c) An enclosed space containing machinery powered by gasoline or 
other fuels having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower 
must be equipped with a flammable vapor detection device in compliance 
with Sec. 182.480.
    (d) In systems and applications where flexible hoses are permitted 
to be clamped:
    (1) Double hose clamping is required where practicable;
    (2) The clamps must be of a corrosion resistant metallic material;
    (3) The clamps must not depend on spring tension for their holding 
power; and
    (4) Two clamps must be used on each end of the hose, or one hose 
clamp can be used if the pipe ends are expanded or beaded to provide a 
positive stop against hose slippage.



Sec. 182.415  Carburetors.

    (a) All carburetors except the downdraft type must be equipped with 
integral or externally fitted drip collectors of adequate capacity and 
arranged so as to permit ready removal of fuel leakage. Externally 
fitted drip collectors, must be covered with flame screens. Drip 
collectors, where practicable, should automatically drain back to engine 
air intakes.
    (b) All gasoline engines installed in a vessel, except outboard 
engines, must be equipped with an acceptable means of backfire flame 
control. Installation of backfire flame arresters bearing basic Approval 
Numbers 162.015 or 162.041 or engine air and fuel induction systems 
bearing basic Approval Numbers 162.042 or 162.043 may be continued in 
use as long as they are serviceable and in good condition. New 
installations or replacements must meet the applicable requirements of 
this section.
    (c) The following are acceptable means of backfire flame control for 
gasoline engines:
    (1) A backfire flame arrester complying with Society of Automotive 
Engineers (SAE) J-1928, ``Devices Providing Backfire Flame Control for 
Gasoline Engines in Marine Applications,'' or UL 1111, ``Marine 
Carburetor Flame Arrestors,'' and marked accordingly. The flame arrester 
must be suitably secured to the air intake with a flametight connection.
    (2) An engine air and fuel induction system that provides adequate 
protection from propagation of backfire flame to the atmosphere 
equivalent to that provided by an acceptable backfire flame arrester. A 
gasoline engine

[[Page 245]]

utilizing an air and fuel induction system, and operated without an 
approved backfire flame arrester, must either include a reed valve 
assembly or be installed in accordance with SAE J-1928, or other 
standard specified by the Commandant.
    (3) An arrangement of the carburetor or engine air induction system 
that will disperse any flames caused by engine backfire. The flames must 
be dispersed to the atmosphere outside the vessel in such a manner that 
the flames will not endanger the vessel, persons on board, or nearby 
vessels and structures. Flame dispersion may be achieved by attachments 
to the carburetor or location of the engine air induction system. All 
attachments must be of metallic construction with flametight connections 
and firmly secured to withstand vibration, shock, and engine backfire. 
Such installations do not require formal approval and labeling but must 
comply with this subpart.
    (4) An engine air induction system on a vessel with an integrated 
engine-vessel design must be approved, marked, and tested under 
Sec. 162.043 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.



Sec. 182.420  Engine cooling.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (b), (c), (d), and 
(e) of this section, all engines must be water cooled and meet the 
requirements of this paragraph.
    (1) The engine head, block, and exhaust manifold must be water-
jacketed and cooled by water from a pump that operates whenever the 
engine is operating.
    (2) A suitable hull strainer must be installed in the circulating 
raw water intake line of an engine cooling water system.
    (3) A closed fresh water system may be used to cool the engine.
    (b) An engine water cooling system on a vessel of not more than 19.8 
meters (65 feet) in length carrying not more than 12 passengers, may 
comply with the requirements of ABYC Project P-4, ``Marine Inboard 
Engines,'' instead of the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 12 passengers, a propulsion gasoline engine may 
be air cooled when in compliance with the requirements of ABYC Project 
P-4.
    (d) An auxiliary gasoline engine may be air cooled when:
    (1) It has a self-contained fuel system and it is installed on an 
open deck; or
    (2) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 12 passengers, it is in compliance with the 
requirements of ABYC P-4.
    (e) A propulsion or auxiliary diesel engine may be air cooled or 
employ an air cooled jacket water radiator when:
    (1) Installed on an open deck and sufficient ventilation for 
machinery cooling is available;
    (2) Installed in an enclosed or partially enclosed space for which 
ventilation for machinery cooling is provided, which complies with the 
requirement of Sec. 182.465(b), and other necessary safeguards are taken 
so as not to endanger the vessel; or
    (3) Installed on a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in 
length carrying not more than 12 passengers, in compliance with the 
requirements of ABYC Project P-4.



Sec. 182.422  Keel and grid cooler installations.

    (a) A keel or grid cooler installation used for engine cooling must 
be designed to prevent flooding.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (e), a shutoff valve must be 
located where the cooler piping penetrates the shell, as near the shell 
as practicable, except where the penetration is forward of the collision 
bulkhead.
    (c) The thickness of the inlet and discharge connections, outboard 
of the shutoff valves required by paragraph (b) of this section, must be 
at least Schedule 80.
    (d) Short lengths of approved nonmetallic flexible hose, fixed by 
two hose clamps at each end of the hose, may be used at machinery 
connections for a keel cooler installation.
    (e) Shutoff valves are not required for keel or grid coolers that 
are integral to

[[Page 246]]

the hull. A keel cooler is considered integral to the hull if the 
following conditions are satisfied:
    (1) The cooler structure is fabricated from material of the same 
thickness and quality as the hull;
    (2) The flexible connections are located well above the deepest 
subdivision draft;
    (3) The end of the structure is faired to the hull with a slope no 
greater than 4 to 1; and
    (4) Full penetration welds are employed in the fabrication of the 
structure and its attachment to the hull.



Sec. 182.425  Engine exhaust cooling.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, all engine 
exhaust pipes must be water cooled.
    (1) Vertical dry exhaust pipes are permissible if installed in 
compliance with Secs. 177.405(b) and 177.970 of this chapter.
    (2) Horizontal dry exhaust pipes are permitted only if:
    (i) They do not pass through living or berthing spaces;
    (ii) They terminate above the deepest load waterline;
    (iii) They are so arranged as to prevent entry of cold water from 
rough or boarding seas;
    (iv) They are constructed of corrosion resisting material at the 
hull penetration; and
    (v) They are installed in compliance with Secs. 177.405(b) and 
177.970 of this chapter.
    (b) The exhaust pipe cooling water system must comply with the 
requirements of this paragraph.
    (1) Water for cooling the exhaust pipe must be obtained from the 
engine cooling water system or a separate engine driven pump.
    (2) Water for cooling the exhaust pipe, other than a vertical 
exhaust, must be injected into the exhaust system as near to the engine 
manifold as practicable. The water must pass through the entire length 
of the exhaust pipe.
    (3) The part of the exhaust system between the point of cooling 
water injection and the engine manifold must be water-jacketed or 
effectively insulated and protected in compliance with Secs. 177.405(b) 
and 177.970 of this chapter.
    (4) Vertical exhaust pipes must be water-jacketed or suitably 
insulated as required by Sec. 182.430(g).
    (5) When the exhaust cooling water system is separate from the 
engine cooling water system, a suitable warning device, visual or 
audible, must be installed at the operating station to indicate any 
reduction in normal water flow in the exhaust cooling system.
    (6) A suitable hull strainer must be installed in the circulating 
raw water intake line for the exhaust cooling system.
    (c) Engine exhaust cooling system built in accordance with the 
requirements of ABYC Project P-1, ``Installation of Exhaust Systems for 
Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery,'' will be considered as meeting the 
requirements of this section.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 182.430  Engine exhaust pipe installation.

    (a) The design of all exhaust systems must ensure minimum risk of 
injury to personnel. Protection must be provided in compliance with 
Sec. 177.970 of this chapter at such locations where persons or 
equipment might come in contact with an exhaust pipe.
    (b) Exhaust gas must not leak from the piping or any connections. 
The piping must be properly supported by noncombustible hangers or 
blocks.
    (c) The exhaust piping must be so arranged as to prevent backflow of 
water from reaching engine exhaust ports under normal conditions.
    (d) An exhaust pipe discharge located less than 75 millimeters (3 
inches) above the deepest load waterline must be installed with a means 
to prevent the entrance of water.
    (e) Pipes used for wet exhaust lines must be Schedule 80 or 
corrosion-resistant material and adequately protected from mechanical 
damage.
    (f) Where flexibility is necessary, a section of flexible metallic 
hose may be used. Nonmetallic hose may be used for wet exhaust systems 
provided it is especially adapted to resist the action of oil, acid, and 
heat, has a wall thickness sufficient to prevent collapsing or panting, 
and is double clamped where practicable.

[[Page 247]]

    (g) Where an exhaust pipe passes through a watertight bulkhead, the 
watertight integrity of the bulkhead must be maintained. Noncombustible 
packing must be used in bulkhead penetration glands for dry exhaust 
systems. A wet exhaust pipe may be welded to a steel or equivalent 
bulkhead in way of a penetration and a fiberglass wet exhaust pipe may 
be fiberglassed to a fiberglass reinforced plastic bulkhead if suitable 
arrangements are provided to relieve the stresses resulting from the 
expansion of the exhaust piping.
    (h) A dry exhaust pipe must:
    (1) If it passes through a combustible bulkhead or partition, be 
kept clear of, and suitably insulated or shielded from, combustible 
material.
    (2) Be provided with noncombustible hangers and blocks for support.
    (i) An exhaust pipe discharge terminating in a transom must be 
located as far outboard as practicable so that exhaust gases cannot 
reenter the vessel.
    (j) Arrangements must be made to provide access to allow complete 
inspection of the exhaust piping throughout its length.
    (k) An exhaust installation subject to pressures in excess of 105 
kPa (15 psig) gauge or having exhaust pipes passing through living or 
working spaces must meet the material requirements of part 56 of 
subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.
    (l) Engine exhaust installations built in accordance with the 
requirements of ABYC Project P-1, will be considered as meeting the 
requirements of this section.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996; 61 FR 
24464, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 182.435  Integral fuel tanks.

    (a) Gasoline fuel tanks must be independent of the hull.
    (b) Diesel fuel tanks may not be built integral with the hull of a 
vessel unless the hull is made of:
    (1) Steel;
    (2) Aluminum; or
    (3) Fiber reinforced plastic when:
    (i) Sandwich construction is not used; or
    (ii) Sandwich construction is used with only a core material of 
closed cell polyvinyl chloride.
    (c) During the initial inspection for certification of a vessel, 
integral fuel tanks must withstand a hydrostatic pressure test of 35 kPa 
(5 psig), or the maximum pressure head to that they may be subjected in 
service, whichever is greater. A standpipe of 3.5 meters (11.5 feet) in 
height attached to the tank may be filled with water to accomplish the 
35 kPa (5 psig) test.



Sec. 182.440  Independent fuel tanks.

    (a) Materials and construction. Independent fuel tanks must be 
designed and constructed of materials in compliance with the 
requirements of this paragraph.
    (1) The material used and the minimum thickness allowed must be as 
indicated in Table 182.440(a)(1), except that other materials that 
provide equivalent safety may be approved for use under paragraph (a)(3) 
of this section. Tanks having a capacity of more than 570 liters (150 
gallons) must be designed to withstand the maximum head to which they 
may be subjected in service, but in no case may the thickness be less 
than that specified in Table 182.440(a)(1).

[[Page 248]]



                                                                   Table 182.440(a)(1)                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Thickness in millimeters (inches) and [gage number] 1 vs. tank capacities for:            
                                     ASTM       --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Material              specification                                       More than 300 liter (80 gal) and                                   
                               (latest edition)     4 to 300 liter (1 to 80 gal)    not more than 570 liter (150 gal)   Over 570 liter (150 gal) 2 tanks
                                                               tanks                              tanks                                                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nickel-cooper................  B127, hot rolled  0.94 (0.037) [USSG 20] \3\.......  1.27 (0.050) [USSG 18]...........  2.72 (0.107) [USSG 12]           
                                sheet or plate.                                                                                                         
Copper-nickel 4..............  B122, UNS alloy   1.14 (0.045) [AWG 17]............  1.45 (0.057) [AWG 15]............  3.25 (0.128) [AWG 8]             
                                C71500.                                                                                                                 
Copper 4.....................  B152, UNS alloy   1.45 (0.057) [AWG 15]............  2.06 (0.081) [AWG 12]............  4.62 (0.182) [AWG 5]             
                                C11000.                                                                                                                 
Copper-silicon 4.............  B97,alloys A, B,  1.29 (0.051) [AWG 16]............  1.63 (0.064) [AWG 14]............  3.66 (0.144) [AWG 7]             
                                and C.                                                                                                                  
Steel or iron 5,6............  * * * * *         1.90 (0.0747) [MSG 14]...........  2.66 (0.1046) [MSG 12]...........  4.55 (0.1793) [MSG 7]            
Aluminum 7...................  B209, alloy       6.35 (0.250) [USSG 3]............  6.35 (0.250) [USSG 3]............  6.35 (0.250) [USSG 3]            
                                5052, 5083,                                                                                                             
                                5086.                                                                                                                   
Fiber reinforced plastic.....  * * * * *         As required 8....................  As required 8....................  As required 8                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The gage numbers used in this table may be found in many standard engineering reference books. The letters ``USSG'' stand for ``U.S. Standard       
  Gage,'' which was established by the act of March 3, 1892 (15 U.S.C. 206), for sheet and plate iron and steel. The letters ``AWG'' stand for          
  ``American Wire Gage'' (or Brown and Sharpe Gage) for nonferrous sheet thicknesses. The letters ``MSG'' stand for ``Manufacturers' Standard Gage'' for
  sheet steel thickness.                                                                                                                                
\2\ Tanks over 1514 liters (400 gallons) shall be designed with a factor of safety of four on the ultimate strength of the material used with a design  
  head of not less than 1220 millimeters (4 feet) of liquid above the top of the tank.                                                                  
\3\ Nickel-copper not less than 0.79 millimeter (0.031 inch) [USSG 22] may be used for tanks up to 114-liter (30-gallon) capacity.                      
\4\ Acceptable only for gasoline service.                                                                                                               
\5\ Gasoline fuel tanks constructed of iron or steel, which are less than 5 millimeter (0.1875) inch) thick, shall be galvanized inside and outside by  
  the hot dip process. Tanks intended for use with diesel oil shall not be internally galvanized.                                                       
\6\ Stainless steel tanks are not included in this category.                                                                                            
\7\ Anodic to most common metals. Avoid dissimilar metal contact with tank body.                                                                        
\8\ The requirements of Sec.  182.440(a)(2) apply.                                                                                                      


[[Page 249]]

    (2) Fiber reinforced plastic may be used for diesel fuel tanks under 
the following provisions:
    (i) The materials must be fire retardant. Flammability of the 
material must be determined by the standard test methods in America 
Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D635, ``Rate of Burning and/or 
Extent and Time of Burning of Self-supporting Plastics in a Horizontal 
Position,'' and ASTM D2863, ``Measuring the Minimum Oxygen Concentration 
to Support Candle-like Combustion of Plastics (Oxygen Index),'' or other 
standard specified by the Commandant. The results of these tests must 
show that the average extent of burning is less than 10 millimeters 
(0.394 inches), the average time of burning is less than 50 seconds, and 
the limiting oxygen index is greater than 21.
    (ii) Tanks must meet UL 1102, ``Non integral Marine Fuel Tanks,'' or 
other standard specified by the Commandant. Testing may be accomplished 
by an independent laboratory or by the fabricator to the satisfaction of 
the OCMI.
    (iii) Tanks must be designed to withstand the maximum head to which 
they may be subjected to in service.
    (iv) Installation of nozzles, flanges or other fittings for pipe 
connections to the tanks must be acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.
    (v) Baffle plates, if installed, must be of the same material and 
not less than the minimum thickness of the tank walls. Limber holes at 
the bottom and air holes at the top of all baffles must be provided. 
Baffle plates must be installed at the time the tests required by UL 
Standard 1102, or other standard specified by the Commandant, are 
conducted.
    (3) Materials other than those listed in Table 182.440(a)(1) must be 
approved by the Commandant. An independent tank using material approved 
by the Commandant under this paragraph must meet the testing 
requirements of UL Standard 1102, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant. Testing may be accomplished by an independent laboratory or 
by the fabricator to the satisfaction of the OCMI.
    (4) Tanks with flanged-up top edges that may trap and hold moisture 
are prohibited.
    (5) Openings for fill pipes, vent pipes, and machinery fuel supply 
pipes, and openings for fuel level gauges, where used, must be on the 
topmost surfaces of tanks. Tanks may not have any openings in bottoms, 
sides, or ends, except for:
    (i) An opening fitted with a threaded plug or cap installed for tank 
cleaning purposes; and
    (ii) In a diesel fuel tank, openings for supply piping and tubular 
gauge glasses.
    (6) All tank joints must be welded or brazed. Lap joints may not be 
used.
    (7) Nozzles, flanges, or other fittings for pipe connections to a 
metal tank must be welded or brazed to the tank. Tank openings in way of 
pipe connections must be properly reinforced where necessary. Where fuel 
level gauges are used on a metal tank, the flanges to which gauge 
fittings are attached must be welded or brazed to the tank. No tubular 
gauge glasses may be fitted to gasoline fuel tanks. Tubular gauge 
glasses, if fitted to diesel fuel tanks, must be of heat resistant 
materials, adequately protected from mechanical damage, and provided at 
the tank connections with devices that will automatically close in the 
event of rupture of the gauge or gauge lines.
    (8) A metal tank exceeding 760 millimeters (30 inches) in any 
horizontal dimension must:
    (i) Be fitted with vertical baffle plates, which meet subparagraph 
(a)(9) of this section, at intervals not exceeding 760 millimeters (30 
inches) to provide strength and to control the excessive surge of fuel; 
or
    (ii) The owner shall submit calculations to the cognizant OCMI 
demonstrating the structural adequacy of the tank in a fully loaded 
static condition and in a worst case dynamic (sloshing) condition.
    (9) Baffle plates, where required in metal tanks, must be of the 
same material and not less than the minimum thickness required in the 
tank walls and must be connected to the tank walls by welding or 
brazing. Limber holes at the bottom and air holes at the top of all 
baffles must be provided.
    (10) Iron or steel diesel fuel tanks must not be galvanized on the 
interior. Galvanizing, paint, or other suitable

[[Page 250]]

coating must be used to protect the outside of iron and steel diesel 
fuel tanks and the inside and outside of iron and steel gasoline fuel 
tanks.
    (b) Location and installation. Independent fuel tanks must be 
located and installed in compliance with the requirements of this 
paragraph.
    (1) Fuel tanks must be located in, or as close as practicable to, 
machinery spaces.
    (2) Fuel tanks and fittings must be so installed as to permit 
examination, testing, or removal for cleaning with minimum disturbance 
to the hull structure.
    (3) Fuel tanks must be adequately supported and braced to prevent 
movement. The supports and braces must be insulated from contact with 
the tank surfaces with a nonabrasive and nonabsorbent material.
    (4) All fuel tanks must be electrically bonded to a common ground.
    (c) Tests. Independent fuel tanks must be tested in compliance with 
the requirements of this part prior to being used to carry fuel.
    (1) Prior to installation, tanks vented to the atmosphere must be 
hydrostatically tested to, and must withstand, a pressure of 35 kPa (5 
psig) or 1\1/2\ times the maximum pressure head to which they may be 
subjected in service, whichever is greater. A standpipe of 3.5 meters 
(11.5 feet) in height attached to the tank may be filled with water to 
accomplish the 35 kPa (5 psig) test. Permanent deformation of the tank 
will not be cause for rejection unless accompanied by leakage.
    (2) After installation of the fuel tank on a vessel, the complete 
installation must be tested in the presence of a marine inspector, or 
individual specified by the cognizant OCMI, to a head not less than that 
to which the tank may be subjected in service. Fuel may be used as the 
testing medium.
    (3) All tanks not vented to the atmosphere must be constructed and 
tested in accordance with Sec. 182.330 of this part.
    (d) Alternative procedures. A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters 
(65 feet) in length carrying not more than 12 passengers, with 
independent gasoline fuel tanks built in accordance with ABYC Project H-
24, or 33 CFR 183, subpart J, or with independent diesel fuel tanks 
built in accordance with ABYC Project H-33, will be considered as 
meeting the requirements of this section. However, tanks must not be 
fabricated from any material not listed in Table 182.440(a)(1) without 
approval by the Commandant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section.



Sec. 182.445  Fill and sounding pipes for fuel tanks.

    (a) Fill pipes for fuel tanks must be not less than 40 millimeters 
(1.5 inches) nominal pipe size.
    (b) There must be a means of accurately determining the amount of 
fuel in each fuel tank either by sounding, through a separate sounding 
pipe or a fill pipe, or by an installed marine type fuel gauge.
    (c) Where sounding pipes are used, their openings must be at least 
as high as the opening of the fill pipe and they must be kept closed at 
all times except during sounding.
    (d) Fill pipes and sounding pipes must be so arranged that overflow 
of liquid or vapor cannot escape to the inside of the vessel.
    (e) Fill pipes and sounding pipes must run as directly as possible, 
preferably in a straight line, from the deck connection to the top of 
the tank. Such pipes must terminate on the weather deck and must be 
fitted with shutoff valves, watertight deck plates, or screw caps, 
suitably marked for identification. Gasoline fill pipes and sounding 
pipes must extend to within one-half of their diameter from the bottom 
of the tank. Diesel fill pipes and sounding pipes may terminate at the 
top of the tank.
    (f) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) carrying not 
more than 12 passengers, with a gasoline fuel system built in accordance 
with ABYC Project H-24, or 33 CFR 183, subpart J, or with a diesel fuel 
system built in accordance with ABYC Project H-33, will be considered as 
meeting the requirements of this section.
    (g) Where a flexible fill pipe section is necessary, suitable 
flexible tubing or hose having high resistance to salt water, petroleum 
oils, heat and vibration, may be used. Such hose must overlap metallic 
pipe ends at the least

[[Page 251]]

1\1/2\ times the pipe diameter and must be secured at each end by 
clamps. The flexible section must be accessible and as near the upper 
end of the fill pipe as practicable. When the flexible section is a 
nonconductor of electricity, the metallic sections of the fill pipe 
separated thereby must be joined by a conductor for protection against 
generation of a static charge when filling with fuel.



Sec. 182.450  Vent pipes for fuel tanks.

    (a) Each unpressurized fuel tank must be fitted with a vent pipe 
connected to the highest point of the tank.
    (b) The net cross sectional area of the vent pipe for a gasoline 
fuel tank must not be less than that of 19 millimeters (0.75 inches) 
outer diameter (O.D.) tubing (0.9 millimeter (0.035 Inch) wall 
thickness, 20 gauge), except that, where the tank is filled under 
pressure, the net cross sectional area of the vent pipe must be not less 
than that of the fill pipe.
    (c) The minimum net cross sectional area of the vent pipe for diesel 
fuel tanks must be as follows:
    (1) Not less than the cross sectional area of 16 millimeters (0.625 
inches) outer diameter (O.D.) tubing (0.9 millimeter (0.035-inch) wall 
thickness, 20 gauge), if the fill pipe terminates at the top of the 
tank;
    (2) Not less than the cross sectional area of 19 millimeters (0.75 
inches) O.D. tubing (0.9 millimeter (0.035-inch) wall thickness, 20 
gauge), if the fill pipe extends into the tank; and
    (3) Not less than the cross sectional area of the fill pipe if the 
tank is filled under pressure.
    (d) The discharge ends of fuel tank vent pipes must terminate on the 
hull exterior as high above the waterline as practicable and remote from 
any hull openings, or they must terminate in U-bends as high above the 
weather deck as practicable and as far as practicable from openings into 
any enclosed spaces. Vent pipes terminating on the hull exterior must be 
installed or equipped to prevent the accidental contamination of the 
fuel by water under normal operating conditions.
    (e) The discharge ends of fuel tank vent pipes must be fitted with 
removable flame screens or flame arresters. The flame screens must 
consist of a single screen of corrosion resistant wire of at least 30x30 
mesh. The flame screens or flame arresters must be of such size and 
design as to prevent reduction in the net cross sectional area of the 
vent pipe and permit cleaning or renewal of the flame screens or 
arrester elements.
    (f) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 12 passengers, with fuel gasoline tank vents 
built in accordance with ABYC Project H-24, or 33 CFR 183, subpart J, or 
with diesel fuel tank vents built in accordance with ABYC Project H-33, 
will be considered as meeting the requirements of this section.
    (g) Where a flexible vent pipe section is necessary, suitable 
flexible tubing or hose having high resistance to salt water, petroleum 
oils, heat and vibration, may be used. Such hose must overlap metallic 
pipe ends at least 1\1/2\ times the pipe diameter and must be secured at 
each end by clamps. The flexible section must be accessible and as near 
the upper end of the vent pipe as practicable.
    (h) Fuel tank vent pipes shall be installed to gradient upward to 
prevent fuel from being trapped in the line.



Sec. 182.455  Fuel piping.

    (a) Materials and workmanship. The materials and construction of 
fuel lines, including pipe, tube, and hose, must comply with the 
requirements of this paragraph.
    (1) Fuel lines must be annealed tubing of copper, nickel-copper, or 
copper-nickel having a minimum wall thickness of 9 millimeters (0.035 
inch) except that:
    (i) Diesel fuel piping of other materials, such as seamless steel 
pipe or tubing, which provide equivalent safety may be used;
    (ii) Diesel fuel piping of aluminum is acceptable on aluminum hull 
vessels provided it is a minimum of Schedule 80 wall thickness; and
    (iii) when used, flexible hose must meet the requirements of 
Sec. 182.720(e) of this part.
    (2) Tubing connections and fittings must be of nonferrous drawn or 
forged metal of the flared type except that

[[Page 252]]

flareless fittings of the non-bite type may be used when the tubing 
system is of nickel-copper or copper-nickel. When making tube 
connections, the tubing must be cut square and flared by suitable tools. 
Tube ends must be annealed before flaring.
    (3) Cocks are prohibited except for the solid bottom type with 
tapered plugs and union bonnets.
    (4) Valves for gasoline fuel must be of a suitable nonferrous type.
    (b) Installation. The installation of fuel lines, including pipe, 
tube, and hose, must comply with the requirements of this paragraph.
    (1) Gasoline fuel lines must be connected at the top of the fuel 
tank and run at or above the level of the tank top to a point as close 
to the engine connection as practicable, except that lines below the 
level of the tank top are permitted if equipped with anti-siphon 
protection.
    (2) Diesel fuel lines may be connected to the fuel tank at or near 
the bottom of the tank.
    (3) Fuel lines must be accessible, protected from mechanical injury, 
and effectively secured against excessive movement and vibration by the 
use of soft nonferrous metal straps which have no sharp edges and are 
insulated to protect against corrosion. Where passing through bulkheads, 
fuel lines must be protected by close fitting ferrules or stuffing 
boxes. All fuel lines and fittings must be accessible for inspection.
    (4) Shutoff valves, installed so as to close against the fuel flow, 
must be fitted in the fuel supply lines, one at the tank connection and 
one at the engine end of the fuel line to stop fuel flow when servicing 
accessories. The shutoff valve at the tank must be manually operable 
from outside the compartment in which the valve is located, preferably 
from an accessible position on the weather deck. If the handle to the 
shutoff valve at the tank is located inside the machinery space, it must 
be located so that the operator does not have to reach more than 300 
millimeters (12 inches) into the machinery space and the valve handle 
must be shielded from flames by the same material the hull is 
constructed of, or some noncombustible material. Electric solenoid 
valves must not be used, unless used in addition to the manual valve.
    (5) A loop of copper tubing or a short length of flexible hose must 
be installed in the fuel supply line at or near the engines. The 
flexible hose must meet the requirements of Sec. 182.720(e).
    (6) A suitable metal marine type strainer, meeting the requirements 
of the engine manufacturer, must be fitted in the fuel supply line in 
the engine compartment. Strainers must be leak free. Strainers must be 
the type of opening on top for cleaning screens. A drip pan fitted with 
flame screen must be installed under gasoline strainers. Fuel filter and 
strainer bowls must be highly resistant to shattering due to mechanical 
impact and resistant to failure due to thermal shock. Fuel filters 
fitted with bowls of other than steel construction must be approved by 
the Commandant and be protected from mechanical damage. Approval of 
bowls of other than steel construction will specify if a flame shield is 
required.
    (7) All accessories installed in the fuel line must be independently 
supported.
    (8) Outlets in gasoline fuel lines that would permit drawing fuel 
below deck, for any purpose, are prohibited.
    (9) Valves for removing water or impurities from diesel fuel in 
water traps or stainers are permitted. These valves must be provided 
with caps or plugs to prevent fuel leakage.
    (c) Alternative procedures. A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters 
(65 feet) carrying no more than 12 passengers, with machinery powered by 
gasoline and a fuel system built in accordance with ABYC Project H-24, 
or 33 CFR 193, subpart J, or with machinery powered by diesel fuel and a 
fuel system built in accordance with ABYC Project H-33, will be 
considered as meeting the requirements of this section.



Sec. 182.458  Portable fuel systems.

    (a) Portable fuel systems, including portable tanks and related fuel 
lines and accessories, are prohibited except where used for outboard 
motor installations.

[[Page 253]]

    (b) The design, construction and stowage of portable tanks and 
related fuel lines and accessories must meet the requirements of ABYC 
Projected H-25, ``Portable Gasoline Fuel systems for Flammable 
Liquids,'' or other standard specified by the Commandant.



Sec. 182.460  Ventilation of spaces containing machinery powered by, or fuel tanks for, gasoline.

    (a) A space containing machinery powered by, or fuel tanks for, 
gasoline must have a ventilation system that complies with this section 
and consists of:
    (1) For an enclosed space:
    (i) At least two natural ventilation supply ducts located at one end 
of the space and that extend to the lowest part of the space or to the 
bilge on each side of the space; and
    (ii) A mechanical exhaust system consisting of at least two 
ventilation exhaust ducts located at the end of the space opposite from 
where the supply ducts are fitted, which extend to the lowest part or 
the bilge of the space on each side of the space, and which are led to 
one or more powered exhaust blowers; and
    (2) For a partially enclosed space, at least one ventilation duct 
installed in the forward part of the space and one ventilation duct 
installed in the after part of the space, or as otherwise required by 
the cognizant OCMI. Ducts for partially enclosed spaces must have cowls 
or scoops as required by paragraph (i) of this section.
    (b) A mechanical exhaust system required by paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of 
this section must be such as to assure the air changes as noted in Table 
182.460(b) depending upon the size of the space.

                            Table 182.460(b)                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Size of space in cubic meters (feet)                              
------------------------------------------------- Minutes per air change
          Over                   Not over                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0......................           14 (500)                        2     
14 (500)...............       28.50 (1000)                        3     
28.50 (1000)...........          43 (1500)                        4     
43 (1500)..............  .......................                  5     
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) An exhaust blower motor may not be installed in a duct, and if 
mounted in any space required to be ventilated by this section, must be 
located as high above the bilge as practicable. Blower blades must be 
nonsparking with reference to their housings.
    (d) Where a fixed gas fire extinguishing system is installed in a 
space, all powered exhaust blowers for the space must automatically shut 
down upon release of the extinguishing agent.
    (e) Exhaust blower switches must be located outside of any space 
required to be ventilated by this section, and must be of the type 
interlocked with the starting switch and the ignition switch so that the 
blowers are started before the engine starter motor circuit or the 
engine ignition is energized. A red warning sign at the switch must 
state that the blowers must be operated prior to starting the engines 
for the time sufficient to insure at least one complete change of air in 
the space served.
    (f) The area of the ventilation ducts must be sufficient to limit 
the air velocity to a maximum of 10 meters per second (2,000 feet per 
minute). A duct may be of any shape, provided that in no case will one 
cross sectional dimension exceed twice the other.
    (g) A duct must be so installed that ordinary collection of water in 
the bilge will not block vapor flow.
    (h) A duct must be of rigid permanent construction, which does not 
allow any appreciable vapor flow except through normal openings, and 
made of the same material as the hull or of noncombustible material. The 
duct must lead as directly as possible from its intake opening to its 
terminus and be securely fastened and supported.
    (i) A supply duct must be provided at its intake opening with a cowl 
or scoop having a free area not less than twice the required duct area. 
When the cowl or scoop is screened, the mouth area must be increased to 
compensate for the area of the screen wire. A cowl or scoop must be kept 
open at all times except when the weather is such as to endanger the 
vessel if the openings are not temporarily closed.
    (j) Dampers may not be fitted in a supply duct.
    (k) A duct opening may not be located where the natural flow of air 
is unduly obstructed, adjacent to possible sources of vapor ignition, or 
where exhaust air may be taken into a supply duct.

[[Page 254]]

    (l) Provision must be made for closing all supply duct cowls or 
scoops and exhaust duct discharge openings for a space protected by a 
fixed gas extinguishing system. All closure devices must be readily 
available and mounted in the vicinity of the vent.
    (m) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 12 passengers, with ventilation installations in 
accordance with ABYC Project H-2, ``Ventilation of Boats Using 
Gasoline,'' or 33 CFR 183, subpart K, ``Ventilation,'' will be 
considered as meeting the requirements of this section.



Sec. 182.465  Ventilation of spaces containing diesel machinery.

    (a) A space containing diesel machinery must be fitted with adequate 
means such as dripproof ventilators, ducts, or louvers, to provide 
sufficient air for proper operation of main engines and auxiliary 
engines.
    (b) Air-cooled propulsion and auxiliary diesel engines installed 
below deck, as permitted by Sec. 182.420, must be fitted with air supply 
ducts or piping from the weather deck. The ducts or piping must be so 
arranged and supported to be capable of safely sustaining stresses 
induced by weight and engine vibration and to minimize transfer of 
vibration to the supporting structure. Prior to installation of 
ventilation system for such engines, plans or sketches showing machinery 
arrangement including air supplies, exhaust stack, method of attachment 
of ventilation ducts to the engine, location of spark arresting mufflers 
and capacity of ventilation blowers must be submitted to the cognizant 
OCMI for approval.
    (c) A space containing diesel machinery must be fitted with at least 
two ducts to furnish natural or powered supply and exhaust ventilation. 
The total inlet area and the total outlet area of each ventilation duct 
may not be less than one square inch for each foot of beam of the 
vessel. These minimum areas must be increased as necessary when the 
ducts are considered as part of the air supply to the engines.
    (d) A duct must be of rigid permanent construction, which does not 
allow any appreciable vapor flow except through normal openings, and 
made of the same material as the hull or of noncombustible material. The 
duct must lead as directly as possible from its intake opening to its 
terminus and be securely fastened and supported.
    (e) A supply duct must be provided with a cowl or scoop having a 
free area not less than twice the required duct area. When the cowl or 
scoop is screened, the mouth area must be increased to compensate for 
the area of the screen wire. A cowl or scoop must be kept open at all 
times except when the weather is such as to endanger the vessel if the 
openings are not temporarily closed.
    (f) Dampers may not be fitted in a supply duct.
    (g) A duct opening may not be located where the natural flow of air 
is unduly obstructed, adjacent to possible sources of vapor ignition, or 
where exhaust air may be taken into a supply duct.
    (h) provision must be made for closing all supply duct cowls or 
scoops and exhaust duct discharge openings for a space protected by a 
fixed gas extinguishing system. All closure devices must be readily 
available and mounted in the vicinity of the vent.
    (i) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 12 passengers, with ventilation installations in 
accordance with ABYC Project H-32, ``Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel 
Fuel,'' will be considered as meeting the requirements of this section.



Sec. 182.470  Ventilation of spaces containing diesel fuel tanks.

    (a) Unless provided with ventilation that complies with 
Sec. 182.465, a space containing a diesel fuel tank and no machinery 
must meet the requirements of this section.
    (1) A space of 14 cubic meters (500 cubic feet) or more in volume 
must have a gooseneck vent of not less than 65 millimeters (2.5 inches) 
in diameter.
    (2) A space of less than 14 cubic meters (500 cubic feet) in volume 
must have a gooseneck vent of not less than 40 millimeters (1.5 inches) 
in diameter.
    (b) Vent openings may not be located adjacent to possible sources of 
vapor ignition.

[[Page 255]]

    (c) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 12 passengers, with ventilation installations in 
accordance with ABYC Project H-32, ``Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel 
Fuel,'' will be considered as meeting the requirements of this section.



Sec. 182.480  Flammable vapor detection systems.

    (a) A flammable vapor detection system required by Sec. 182.410(c) 
must meet UL Standard 1110, ``Marine Combustible Gas Indicators,'' or be 
approved by an independent laboratory.
    (b) Procedures for checking the proper operation of a flammable 
vapor detection system must be posted at the primary operating station. 
The system must be self-monitoring and include a ground fault indication 
alarm.
    (c) A flammable vapor detection system must be operational for 30 
seconds prior to engine startup and continue sensing the entire time the 
engine is running.
    (d) A flammable vapor detection system must provide a visual and 
audible alarm at the operating station.
    (e) A sensor must be located above the expected bilge water level in 
the following locations:
    (1) The lowest part of a machinery space;
    (2) The lowest part of a space containing a fuel tank when separate 
from the machinery space; and
    (3) Any other location when required by the cognizant OCMI.
    (f) A flammable vapor detection system must be installed so as to 
permit calibration in a vapor free atmosphere.
    (g) Electrical connections, wiring, and components for a flammable 
vapor detection system must comply with part 183 of this chapter.
    (h) An operation and maintenance manual for the flammable vapor 
detection system must be kept onboard.



                  Subpart E--Bilge and Ballast Systems



Sec. 182.500  General.

    (a) A vessel must be provided with a satisfactory arrangement for 
draining any watertight compartment, other than small buoyancy 
compartments, under all practicable conditions. Sluice valves are not 
permitted in watertight bulkheads.
    (b) A vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 12 passengers may meet the requirements of ABYC 
Project H-22, ``DC Electric Bilge Pumps Operating Under 50 Volts,'' in 
lieu of the requirements of this subpart, provided that each watertight 
compartment, other than small buoyancy compartments and the compartment 
forward of the collision bulkhead, is provided with a means for 
dewatering.
    (c) Special consideration may be given to vessels, such as high 
speed craft, which have a high degree of subdivision and utilize 
numerous small buoyancy compartments. Where the probability of flooding 
of the space is limited to external hull damage, compartment drainage 
may be omitted provided it can be shown by stability calculations, 
submitted to the cognizant OCMI, that the safety of the vessel will not 
be impaired.



Sec. 182.510  Bilge piping system.

    (a) A vessel of at least 7.9 meters (26 feet) in length must be 
provided with individual bilge lines and bilge suctions for each 
watertight compartment, except that the space forward of the collision 
bulkhead need not be fitted with a bilge suction line when the 
arrangement of the vessel is such that ordinary leakage may be removed 
from this compartment by the use of a hand portable bilge pump or other 
equipment, and such equipment is provided.
    (b) A bilge pipe in a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) 
in length must be not less than 25 millimeters (1 inch) nominal pipe 
size. A bilge pipe in a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in 
length must be not less than 40 millimeters (1.5 inches) nominal pipe 
size. A bilge suction must be fitted with a suitable strainer having an 
open area not less than three times the area of the bilge pipe.
    (c) Except when individual pumps are provided for separate spaces, 
individual bilge suction lines must be led to a central control point or 
manifold and provided with a stop valve at the control point or manifold 
and a check

[[Page 256]]

valve at some accessible point in the bilge line. A stop-check valve 
located at a control point or manifold will meet the requirements for 
both a stop valve and a check valve.
    (d) A bilge pipe piercing the collision bulkhead must be fitted with 
a screw-down valve located on the forward side of the collision bulkhead 
and operable from the weather deck, or, if it is readily accessible 
under service conditions, a screw-down valve without a reach rod may be 
fitted to the bilge line on the after side of the collision bulkhead.



Sec. 182.520  Bilge pumps.

    (a) A vessel must be provided with bilge pumps in accordance with 
Table 182.520(a). A second power pump is an acceptable alternative to a 
hand pump if it is supplied by a source of power independent of the 
first power bilge pump. Individual power pumps used for separate spaces 
are to be controlled from a central control point and must have a light 
or other visual means at the control point to indicate operation.

                                                Table 182.520(a)                                                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                        Min. capacity  required 
     Number of passengers            Length of vessel          Bilge pumps required     per pump ltrs/min (gal/ 
                                                                                                  min)          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Any number....................  More than 19.8 m (65 ft)..  2 fixed power pumps......  190 LPM                  
                                                                                       (50 GPM).                
  More than 49 passengers and   Not more than 19.8 m (65    1 fixed power pump and...  95 LPM (25 GPM).         
       all ferry vessels.        ft).                                                                           
                                                            1 portable hand pump.....  38 LPM (10 GPM).         
  Not more than 49 passengers   7.9 m, 26 feet up to 19.8   1 fixed power pump and 1   38 LPM (10 GPM).         
  (Other than ferry vessels).    m (65 ft).                  portable hand pump or.                             
                                                            1 fixed hand pump and....  38 LPM (10 GPM).         
                                                            1 portable hand pump.....  19 LPM (5 GPM).          
                                Less than 7.9 m (26 ft)...  1 portable hand pump.....  19 LPM (5 GPM).          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) A portable hand bilge pump must be:
    (1) Capable of pumping water, but not necessarily simultaneously, 
from all watertight compartments; and
    (2) Provided with suitable suction and discharge hoses capable of 
reaching the bilges fo each watertight compartment.
    (c) Each fixed power bilge pump must be self priming. It may be 
driven off the main engine or other source of power. It must be 
permanently connected to the bilge manifold and may also be connected to 
the fire main. If of sufficient capacity, a power bilge pump may also 
serve as a fire pump.
    (d) Where two fixed power bilge pumps are installed, they must be 
driven by different sources of power. If one pump is driven off the main 
engine in a single propulsion engine installation, the other must be 
independently driven. In a twin propulsion engine installation, each 
pump may be driven off a different propulsion engine.
    (e) A submersible electric bilge pump may be used as a power bilge 
pump required by Table 182.520(a) only on a vessel of not more than 19.8 
meters (65 feet) in length carrying not more than 49 passengers, other 
than a ferry, provided that:
    (1) The pump is listed by Underwriters' Laboratories Inc. or another 
independent laboratory;
    (2) The pump is used to dewater not more than one watertight 
compartment;
    (3) The pump is permanently mounted;
    (4) The pump is equipped with a strainer that can be readily 
inspected and cleaned without removal;
    (5) The pump discharge line is suitably supported;
    (6) The opening in the hull for the pump discharge is placed as high 
above the waterline as possible;
    (7) A positive shutoff valve is installed at the hull penetration; 
and
    (8) The capacity of the electrical system, including wiring, and 
size and number of batteries, is designed to allow all bilge pumps to be 
operated simultaneously.

[[Page 257]]

    (f) A flexible tube or hose may be used instead of fixed pipe for 
the discharge line of a submersible electric bilge pump provided the 
hose or tube does not penetrate any required watertight bulkheads and 
is:
    (1) Of good quality and of substantial construction, suitable for 
the intended use; and
    (2) Highly resistant to salt water, petroleum oil, heat, and 
vibration.
    (g) If a fixed hand pump is used to comply with Table 182.520(a), it 
must be permanently connected to the bilge system.
    (h) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a 
power driven fire pump required by Sec. 181.300 of this chapter may 
serve as a fixed power bilge pump required by this subpart, provided it 
has the minimum flow rate required by Table 182.520(a).
    (i) On a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a 
power driven fire pump required by Sec. 181.300 of this subchapter may 
serve as one of the two fixed power bilge pumps required by this 
subpart, provided:
    (1) The bilge and fire pump systems are interconnected;
    (2) The dedicated bilge pump is capable of pumping the bilges at the 
same time the fire/bilge pump charges the firemain; and
    (3) Stop valves and check valves are installed in the piping to 
isolate the systems during simultaneous operation and prevent possible 
flooding through the bilge system.
    (j) A catamaran vessel must be equipped with bilge pumps for each 
hull, as if each hull is a separate vessel, in accordance with Table 
182.520(a), except where:
    (1) One dedicated pump is located in each hull;
    (2) Each dedicated pump is driven by an independent source of power; 
and
    (3) The bilge system is permanently cross connected between hulls.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 986, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 182.530  Bilge high level alarms.

    (a) On a vessel of at least 7.9 meters (26 feet) in length, a visual 
and audible alarm must be provided at the operating station to indicate 
a high water level in each of the following normally unmanned spaces:
    (1) A space with a through-hull fitting below the deepest load 
waterline, such as a lazarette;
    (2) A machinery space bilge, bilge well, shaft alley bilge, or other 
spaces subject to flooding from sea water piping within the space; and
    (3) A space with a non-watertight closure, such as a space with a 
non-watertight hatch on the main deck.
    (b) Vessels constructed of wood must, in addition to paragraph (a), 
provide bilge level alarms in all watertight compartments except small 
buoyancy chambers.
    (c) A visual indicator must be provided at the operating station to 
indicate when any automatic bilge pump is operating.



Sec. 182.540  Ballast systems.

    (a) Ballast piping must not be installed in any compartment integral 
with the hull of a wooden vessel. Where the carriage of liquid ballast 
in such a vessel is necessary, suitable ballast tanks, structurally 
independent of the hull, must be provided.
    (b) Solid and water ballast must comply with the requirements of 
part 178 of this subchapter.



                       Subpart F--Steering Systems



Sec. 182.600  General.

    A self-propelled vessel must comply with the provisions of this 
subpart.



Sec. 182.610  Main steering gear.

    (a) A vessel must be provided with a main steering gear that is:
    (1) Of adequate strength and capable of steering the vessel at all 
service speeds;
    (2) Designed to operate at maximum astern speed without being 
damaged or jammed; and
    (3) Capable of moving the rudder from 35 degrees on one side to 30 
degrees on the other side in not more than 28 seconds with the vessel 
moving ahead at maximum service speed.
    (b) Control of the main steering gear, including control of any 
necessary associated devices (motor, pump, valve, etc.), must be 
provided from the operating station.

[[Page 258]]

    (c) The main steering gear must be designed so that transfer from 
the main steering gear or control to the auxiliary means of steering 
required by Sec. 182.620 can be achieved rapidly. Any tools or equipment 
necessary to make the transfer must be readily available.
    (d) The operating station must be arranged to permit the person 
steering to have the best possible all around vision.
    (e) Strong and effective rudder stops must be provided to prevent 
jamming and damage to the rudder and its fittings. These stops may be 
structural or internal to the main steering gear.
    (f) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs (a) 
through (e) of this section, a vessel with a power driven main steering 
gear must be provided with the following:
    (1) A disconnect switch located in the steering compartment, and 
instantaneous short circuit protection for electrical power and control 
circuits sized and located in accordance with Secs. 111.93-11(d) and (e) 
in subchapter J of this chapter. Overload protection is prohibited;
    (2) An independent rudder angle indicator at the operating station;
    (3) An arrangement that automatically resumes operation, without 
reset, when power is restored after a power failure;
    (4) A manual means to center and steady the rudder(s) in an 
emergency; and
    (5) A limit switch to stop the steering gear before its reaches the 
rudder stops required by paragraph (e) of this section.
    (g) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs (a) 
through (f) of this section, a vessel more than 19.8 meters (65 Feet) in 
length with a power driven main steering gear must be provided with the 
following:
    (1) A visual means, located at the operating station, to indicate 
operation of the power units; and
    (2) Instructions for transfer procedures from the main steering gear 
or control to the auxiliary means of steering required by Sec. 182.620, 
posted at the location where the transfer is carried out.



Sec. 182.620  Auxiliary means of steering.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, a vessel 
must be provided with an auxiliary means of steering that is:
    (1) Of adequate strength;
    (2) Capable of moving the rudder from 15 degrees on one side to 15 
degrees on the other side is not more than 60 seconds with the vessel at 
one-half its maximum service speed ahead, or 7 knots, whichever is 
greater; and
    (3) Controlled from a location that permits safe maneuvering of the 
vessel and does not expose the person operating the auxiliary means of 
steering to personnel hazards during normal or heavy weather operation.
    (b) A suitable hand tiller may be acceptable as the auxiliary means 
of steering where satisfactory to the cognizant OCMI.
    (c) An auxiliary means of steering need not be provided if:
    (1) The main steering gear and its controls are provided in 
duplicate;
    (2) Multiple screw propulsion, with independent pilothouse control 
for each screw, is provided, and the vessel is capable of being steered 
using pilothouse control;
    (3) No regular rudder is fitted and steering action is obtained by a 
change of setting of the propelling unit; or
    (4) Where a rudder and hand tiller are the main steering gear.



                        Subpart G--Piping Systems



Sec. 182.700  General.

    Materials used in piping systems must meet the requirements of this 
subpart and be otherwise acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 182.710  Piping for vital systems.

    (a) Vital systems are those systems that are vital to a vessel's 
survivability and safety. For the purpose of this part the following are 
vital systems:
    (1) Fuel system;
    (2) Fire main;
    (3) CO2 and Halon systems;
    (4) Bilge system;
    (5) Steering system;
    (6) Propulsion system and its necessary auxiliaries and controls;

[[Page 259]]

    (7) Ship's service and emergency electrical generation system and 
its necessary auxiliaries; and
    (8) A marine engineering system identified by the cognizant OCMI as 
being crucial to the survival of the vessel or to the protection of the 
personnel on board.
    (b) For the purpose of this part, a system not identified in 
paragraph (a) of this section is a non-vital system.
    (c) Piping used in a vital system must:
    (1) Be composed of ferrous materials except when:
    (i) Nonmetallic piping materials are permitted by Sec. 182.720; or
    (ii) Nonferrous metallic piping materials are permitted by 
Sec. 182.730; and
    (2) If subject to a pressure of more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig), be 
designed, fabricated, and inspected in accordance with the principles of 
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) B 31.1, ``Code for Pressure 
Piping, Power Piping,'' or other standard specified by the Commandant.



Sec. 182.715  Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems.

    Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in a non-vital 
system must be designed, fabricated, and inspected in accordance with 
the principles of ANSI B 31.1, or other industry standard acceptable to 
the Commandant.



Sec. 182.720  Nonmetallic piping materials.

    (a) Rigid nonmetallic materials (plastic) may be used only in non-
vital systems and in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this 
section.
    (b) Flexible nonmetallic materials (hose) may be used in vital and 
non-vital systems where permitted by paragraph (e) of this section.
    (c) Nonmetallic piping must not be used in gasoline or diesel fuel 
systems. Flexible nonmetallic materials (hose) may be used where 
permitted by paragraph (e) of this section.
    (d) Where rigid nonmetallic material (plastic) is permitted for use 
in piping systems by this section, the following restrictions apply:
    (1) Penetrations of required watertight decks and bulkheads by any 
rigid plastic pipe are prohibited unless the following requirements are 
met:
    (i) Each penetration must be accomplished using an acceptable 
metallic through deck or through bulkhead fitting that is welded or 
otherwise attached to the bulkhead or deck by an accepted method; and
    (ii) One or more metallic shutoff valves must be installed adjacent 
to the fitting in one of the following ways:
    (A) Only one metallic shutoff valve must be installed if it is 
operable from above the bulkhead deck;
    (B) If two metallic shutoff valves are installed, one on either side 
of the bulkhead, they need not be operable from above the bulkhead deck 
provided immediate access to both is possible; or
    (C) Where both plastic and metallic materials are used in piping 
that penetrates a bulkhead, and the two materials exist entirely on 
opposite sides of the bulkhead, a metallic shutoff valve must be 
installed at the bulkhead in the metallic part of the system, with the 
valve being capable of operation from above the bulkhead deck, or 
locally if immediate access is possible;
    (2) Protection from mechanical damage must be specifically 
considered and all protective covering or shields must be installed to 
the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI;
    (3) Through hull fittings and shutoff valves must be metallic. In 
the case of nonmetallic hulls, materials that will afford an equal 
degree of safety and heat resistivity as that afforded by the hull may 
be approved; and
    (4) The material specification must show that the rigid nonmetallic 
material possesses characteristics adequate for its intended service and 
environment and must be approved for use by the cognizant OCMI.
    (e) Where flexible nonmetallic hose is permitted for use in piping 
systems by this section, it must meet SAE Standard J-1942, ``Hose and 
Hose Assemblies for Marine Applications,'' or be specifically approved 
by the Commandant. The following restrictions apply:
    (1) Flexible nonmetallic hose must be complete with factory-
assembled end fittings requiring no further adjustment of the fittings 
on the hose, or

[[Page 260]]

field attachable type fittings may be used. Hose end fittings must 
comply with SAE J-1475, ``Hydraulic Hose Fittings For Marine 
Applications.''Field attachable fittings must be installed following the 
manufacturer's recommended practice. If special equipment is required, 
such as crimping machines, it must be of the type and design specified 
by the manufacturer. If field attachable type fittings are used, each 
hose assembly must be individually hydrostatically tested to twice the 
rated pressure stamped thereon;
    (2) Flexible nonmetallic hose may be used in non-vital water and 
pneumatic systems, subject to the limitations of paragraph (d)(1) 
through (d)(4) of this section. Unreinforced hoses are limited to a 
maximum service pressure of 349 kPa (50 psig), reinforced hoses are 
limited to a maximum service pressure of 1,034 kPa (150 psig); and
    (3) Flexible nonmetallic hose may be used in lube oil, fuel oil and 
fluid power systems, subject to the following requirements:
    (i) Flexible hose may only be used at a pressure not to exceed the 
manufacturer's rating and must have a high resistance to saltwater, 
petroleum oils, and vibration;
    (ii) Flexible hose runs must be visible, easily accessible, 
protected from mechanical damage, and must not penetrate watertight 
bulkheads;
    (iii) Flexible hose must be fabricated with an inner tube and a 
cover of synthetic rubber or other suitable material reinforced with 
wire braid;
    (iv) Flexible hose used for alcohol-gasoline blend fuels must meet 
the permeability requirements specified in 33 CFR part 183, subpart J; 
and
    (v) For the purpose of flexibility only, flexible hose installed in 
lengths of not more than 760 millimeters (30 inches) and subject to 
pressures of not more than 35 kPa (5 psig), may meet the following 
requirements:
    (A) Suitable compression type connection fittings may be accepted;
    (B) Flexible hose designed for use with hose clamps may be installed 
with two clamps, at both ends of the hose, which:
    (1) Do not rely on the spring tension of the clamp for compressive 
force; and
    (2) Are installed beyond the bead or flare or over the serrations of 
the mating spud, pipe, or hose fitting; and
    (C) USCG Type A1, A2, B1, or B2 flexible hose may be accepted in 
accordance with 33 CFR part 183, subpart J.



Sec. 182.730  Nonferrous metallic piping materials.

    (a) Nonferrous metallic piping materials are acceptable for use in 
the following:
    (1) Non-vital systems;
    (2) Aluminum fuel piping, if of a minimum of Schedule 80 wall 
thickness on an aluminum hulled vessel;
    (3) Aluminum bilge, ballast, and firemain piping on an aluminum 
hulled vessel;
    (4) If acceptable to the cognizant OCMI, nonferrous metallic piping 
with a melting temperature above 927 deg. C (1,700 deg. F) may be used 
in vital systems that are deemed to be galvanically compatible; and
    (5) Other uses specifically accepted by the cognizant OCMI.
    (b) Where nonferrous metallic material is permitted for use in 
piping systems by this subpart, the restrictions in this paragraph 
apply:
    (1) Provisions must be made to protect piping systems using aluminum 
alloys in high risk fire areas due to the low melting point of aluminum 
alloys;
    (2) Provisions must be made to prevent or mitigate the effect of 
galvanic corrosion due to the relative solution potentials of copper, 
aluminum, and alloys of copper and aluminum, which are used in 
conjunction with each other, steel, or other metals and their alloys;
    (3) A suitable thread compound must be used in making up threaded 
joints in aluminum pipe to prevent seizing. Pipe in the annealed temper 
must not be threaded;
    (4) The use of aluminum alloys with a copper content exceeding 0.6 
percent is prohibited; and
    (5) The use of cast aluminum alloys in hydraulic fluid power systems 
must be in accordance with the requirements of Sec. 58.30-15(f) in 
subchapter F of this chapter.

[[Page 261]]



PART 183--ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
183.100  Intent.
183.115  Applicability to existing vessels.
183.130  Alternative standards.

                     Subpart B--General Requirements

183.200  General design, installation, and maintenance requirements.
183.210  Protection from wet and corrosive environments.
183.220  General safety provisions.

            Subpart C--Power Sources and Distribution Systems

183.310  Power sources.
183.320  Generators and motors.
183.322  Multiple generators.
183.324  Dual voltage generators.
183.330  Distribution panels and switchboards.
183.340  Cable and wiring requirements.
183.350  Batteries--general.
183.352  Battery categories.
183.354  Battery installations.
183.360  Semiconductor rectifier systems.
183.370  General grounding requirements.
183.372  Equipment and conductor grounding.
183.376  Grounded distribution systems (neutral grounded).
183.380  Overcurrent protection.
183.390  Shore power.
183.392  Radiotelephone installations.

                       Subpart D--Lighting Systems

183.410  Lighting fixtures.
183.420  Navigation lights.
183.430  Portable lights.
183.432  Emergency lighting.

            Subpart E--Miscellaneous Systems and Requirements

183.520  Lifeboat winches.
183.530  Hazardous areas.
183.540  Elevators.
183.550  General alarm systems.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 
1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 997, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 183.100  Intent.

    This part contains requirements for the design, construction, 
installation, and operation of electrical equipment and systems 
including power sources, lighting, motors, miscellaneous equipment, and 
safety systems.



Sec. 183.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

    (a) Except as otherwise required by paragraphs (b) and (c) of this 
section, an existing vessel must comply with the regulations on 
electrical installations, equipment, and material that were applicable 
to the vessel on March 10, 1996, or, as an alternative, the vessel may 
comply with the regulations in this part.
    (b) An existing vessel must comply with the requirements of 
Secs. 183.420 and 183.430.
    (c) New installations of electrical equipment and material, and the 
repair or replacement of wire and cable, on an existing vessel, which 
are completed to the satisfaction of the cognizant Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection (OCMI) on or after March 11, 1996, must comply with 
this part. Replacement of existing equipment, not including wire or 
cable, installed on the vessel prior to March 11, 1996 need not comply 
with the regulations in this part.



Sec. 183.130  Alternative standards.

    (a) A vessel, other than a high speed craft, of not more than 19.8 
meters (65 feet) in length carrying not more than 12 passengers, may 
comply with the following requirements instead of complying with the 
requirements of this part in their entirety:
    (1) Section 183.420; and
    (2) The following American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) Projects 
where applicable:
    (i) E-8, ``Alternating Current (AC) Electrical Systems on Boats;''
    (ii) E-9, ``Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on Boats;'' and
    (iii) A-16, ``Electrical Navigation Lights.''
    (b) A vessel with an electrical installation operating at less than 
50 volts

[[Page 262]]

may meet the requirements in 33 CFR 183.430 instead of those in 
Sec. 183.340.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 997, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



                     Subpart B--General Requirements



Sec. 183.200  General design, installation, and maintenance requirements.

    Electrical equipment on a vessel must be installed and maintained 
to:
    (a) Provide services necessary for safety under normal and emergency 
conditions;
    (b) Protect passengers, crew, other persons, and the vessel from 
electrical hazards, including fire, caused by or originating in 
electrical equipment, and electrical shock;
    (c) Minimize accidental personnel contact with energized parts; and
    (d) Prevent electrical ignition of flammable vapors.



Sec. 183.210  Protection from wet and corrosive environments.

    (a) Electrical equipment used in the following locations must be 
dripproof:
    (1) A machinery space;
    (2) A location normally exposed to splashing, water washdown, or 
other wet conditions within a galley, a laundry, or a public washroom or 
toilet room that has a bath or shower; or
    (3) Another space with a similar moisture level.
    (b) Electrical equipment exposed to the weather must be watertight.
    (c) Electrical equipment exposed to corrosive environments must be 
of suitable construction and corrosion-resistant.



Sec. 183.220  General safety provisions.

    (a) Electrical equipment and installations must be suitable for the 
roll, pitch, and vibration of the vessel underway.
    (b) All equipment, including switches, fuses, lampholders, etc., 
must be suitable for the voltage and current utilized.
    (c) Receptacle outlets of the type providing a grounded pole or a 
specific direct current polarity must be of a configuration that will 
not permit improper connection.
    (d) All electrical equipment and circuits must be clearly marked and 
identified.
    (e) Any cabinet, panel, box, or other enclosure containing more than 
one source of power must be fitted with a sign warning persons of this 
condition and identifying the circuits to be disconnected.



            Subpart C--Power Sources and Distribution Systems



Sec. 183.310   Power sources.

    (a)(1) Each vessel that relies on electricity to power the following 
loads must be arranged so that the loads can be energized from two 
sources of electricity:
    (i) The vital systems listed in Sec. 182.710 of this chapter;
    (ii) Interior lighting except for decorative lights;
    (iii) Communication systems including a public address system 
required under Sec. 184.610 of this chapter; and
    (iv) Navigation equipment and lights.
    (2) A vessel with batteries of adequate capacity to supply the loads 
specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section for three hours, and a 
generator or alternator driven by a propulsion engine, complies with the 
requirement in paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
    (b) Where a ship service generator driven by a propulsion engine is 
used as a source of electrical power, a vessel speed change, throttle 
movement or change in direction of the propeller shaft rotation must not 
interrupt power to any of the loads specified in paragraph (a)(1) of 
this section.



Sec. 183.320   Generators and motors.

    (a) Each generator and motor must be:
    (1) In a location that is accessible, adequately ventilated, and as 
dry as practicable; and
    (2) Mounted above the bilges to avoid damage by splash and to avoid 
contact with low lying vapors.
    (b) Each generator and motor must be designed for an ambient 
temperature of 50 deg. C (122 deg. F) except that:
    (1) If the ambient temperature in the space where a generator or 
motor will be located will not exceed 40 deg. C (104 deg. F) under 
normal operating conditions, the

[[Page 263]]

generator or motor may be designed for an ambient temperature of 40 deg. 
C (104 deg. F); and
    (2) A generator or motor designed for 40 deg. C (104 deg. F) may be 
used in 50 deg. C (122 deg. F) ambient locations provided the generator 
or motor is derated to 80 percent of the full load rating, and the 
rating or setting of the overcurrent devices is reduced accordingly.
    (c) A voltmeter and an ammeter, which can be used for measuring 
voltage and current of a generator that is in operation, must be 
provided for a generator rated at 50 volts or more. For each alternating 
current generator, a means for measuring frequency must also be 
provided.
    (d) Each generator must have a nameplate attached to it containing 
the information required by Article 445 of the National Electric Code 
(NEC) (National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 70), and for a 
generator derated in accordance with paragraph (b)(2) of this section, 
the derated capacity.
    (e) Each motor must have a nameplate attached to it containing the 
information required by Article 430 of the NEC (NFPA 70), and for a 
motor derated in accordance with paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the 
derated capacity.
    (f) Each generator must be protected by an overcurrent device set 
value not exceeding 115 percent of the generator full load rating.



Sec. 183.322   Multiple generators.

    When a vessel is equipped with two or more generators to supply 
ship's service power, the following requirements must be met:
    (a) Each generator must have an independent prime mover; and
    (b) The generator circuit breakers must be interlocked to prevent 
the generators from being simultaneously connected to the switchboard, 
except for the circuit breakers of a generator operated in parallel with 
another generator when the installation meets Secs. 111.12-11(f) and 
111.30-25(d) in subchapter J of this chapter.



Sec. 183.324   Dual voltage generators.

    (a) A dual voltage generator installed on a vessel shall be of the 
grounded type, where:
    (1) The neutral of a dual voltage system must be solidly connected 
at the switchboard's neutral bus; and
    (2) The neutral bus shall be connected to ground.
    (b) The neutral of a dual voltage system must be accessible for 
checking the insulation resistance of the generator to ground before the 
generator is connected to the bus.
    (c) Ground detection must be provided that:
    (1) For an alternating current system, meets Sec. 111.05-27 in 
subchapter J of this chapter; and
    (2) For a direct current system, meets Sec. 111.05-29 in subchapter 
J of this chapter.



Sec. 183.330   Distribution panels and switchboards.

    (a) Each distribution panel and switchboard must be in as dry a 
location as practicable, adequately ventilated, and protected from 
falling debris and dripping or splashing water.
    (b) Each distribution panel or switchboard must be totally enclosed 
and of the dead front type.
    (c) Each switchboard must be fitted with a dripshield.
    (d) Distribution panels and switchboards that are accessible from 
the rear must be constructed to prevent a person from accidentally 
contacting energized parts.
    (e) Working space must be provided around all main distribution 
panels and switchboards of at least 610 millimeters (24 inches) in front 
of the switchboard, and at least 455 millimeters (18 inches) behind the 
switchboard. Rear access is prohibited when the working space behind the 
switchboard is less than 455 millimeters (18 inches).
    (f) Nonconducting mats or grating must be provided on the deck in 
front of each switchboard and, if accessible from the rear, on the deck 
in the rear of the switchboard.
    (g) All uninsulated current carrying parts must be mounted on 
noncombustible, nonabsorbent, high dielectric insulating material.
    (h) Equipment mounted on a hinged door of an enclosure must be 
constructed or shielded so that a person will not accidentally contact 
energized parts of the door mounted equipment

[[Page 264]]

when the door is open and the circuit energized.
    (i) In the design of a control, interlock, or indicator circuit, the 
disconnect device and its connections, including each terminal block for 
terminating the vessel's wiring, must not have any electrically 
unshielded or uninsulated surfaces.
    (j) Switchboards and distribution panels must be sized in accordance 
with Sec. 111.30-19(a) of this chapter.



Sec. 183.340   Cable and wiring requirements.

    (a) If individual wires, rather than cable, are used in systems 
greater than 50 volts, the wire must be in conduit.
    (b) All cable and wire must:
    (1) Have stranded copper conductors with sufficient current carrying 
capacity for the circuit in which they are used;
    (2) Be installed in a manner to avoid or reduce interference with 
radio reception and compass indication;
    (3) Be protected from the weather;
    (4) Be installed with metal supports spaced not more than 610 
millimeters (24 inches) apart, and in such a manner as to avoid chafing 
and other damage. The use of plastic tie wraps must be limited to 
bundling or retention of multiple cable installations, and not used as a 
means of support, except that on vessels of not more than 19.8 meters 
(65 feet) in length, installations in accordance with paragraph 14.h of 
ABYC E-8, and paragraph 15.h of ABYC E-9, are acceptable as meeting the 
requirements of this section;
    (5) Not be installed with sharp bends;
    (6) Be protected by metal coverings or other suitable means if in 
areas subject to mechanical abuse. Horizontal pipes used for protection 
shall have 6 millimeter (.25 inch) holes for drainage every 1,520 
millimeters (5 feet);
    (7) Be suitable for low temperature and high humidity if installed 
in refrigerated compartments;
    (8) Not be located in a tank unless the cable provides power to 
equipment in the tank; and
    (9) Have sheathing or wire insulation compatible with the fluid in a 
tank when installed as allowed by paragraph (b)(8) of this section.
    (c) Conductors in power and lighting circuits must be No. 14 
American Wire Gauge (AWG) or larger. Conductors in control and indicator 
circuits must be No. 22 AWG or larger.
    (d) Cable and wire for power and lighting circuits must:
    (1) Meet Section 310-13 of the NEC (NFPA 70), except that asbestos 
insulated cable and dry location cables cannot be used;
    (2) Be listed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL), as UL Boat or UL 
Marine cable; or
    (3) Meet Sec. 111.60-1 in subchapter J of this chapter for cable, 
and Sec. 111.60-11 in subchapter J of this chapter for wire.
    (e) Cable or wire serving vital systems listed in Sec. 182.710 of 
this chapter or emergency loads must be routed as far as practicable 
from high risk fire areas, such as galleys, laundries, and machinery 
spaces.
    (f) Cable or wire serving duplicated equipment must be separated so 
that a casualty that affects one cable does not affect the other.
    (g) Each connection to a conductor or terminal part of a conductor 
must be made within an enclosure and have either:
    (1) A pressure type connector on each conductor;
    (2) A solder lug on each conductor;
    (3) A splice made with a pressure type connector to a flexible lead 
or conductor; or
    (4) A splice that is soldered, brazed, or welded to a flexible lead 
or conductor.
    (h) A connector or lug of the set screw type must not be used with a 
stranded conductor smaller than No. 14 AWG except if there is a 
nonrotating follower that travels with the set screw and makes pressure 
contact with the conductor.
    (i) Each pressure type wire connector and lug must meet UL 486A, 
``Electric Wire Connectors and Soldering Lugs for Use With Copper 
Conductors,'' or other standard specified by the Commandant. The use of 
wire nuts is prohibited.
    (j) Each terminal block must have 6-32 terminal screws or larger.
    (k) Wire connectors utilized in conjunction with screw type terminal

[[Page 265]]

blocks must be of the captive type such as the ring or the flanged spade 
type.
    (l) A cable must not be spliced in a hazardous location.
    (m) A cable may be spliced in a location, other than a hazardous 
location, under the following conditions:
    (1) A cable installed in a subassembly may be spliced to a cable 
installed in another subassembly;
    (2) For a vessel receiving alterations, a cable may be spliced to 
extend a circuit;
    (3) A cable having a large size or exceptional length may be spliced 
to facilitate its installation; and
    (4) A cable may be spliced to replace a damaged section of the cable 
if, before replacing the damaged section, the insulation resistance of 
the remainder of the cable is measured, and it is determined that the 
condition of the insulation is unimpaired.
    (n) All material in a cable splice must be chemically compatible 
with all other material in the splice and with the materials in the 
cable.
    (o) Ampacities of wires must meet Section 310-15 of the NEC (NFPA 
70), or other standard specified by the Commandant. Ampacities of cable 
must meet table A6 of Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 
(IEEE) Standard 45, ``Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations 
on Shipboard,'' or other standard specified by the Commandant. 
Ampacities for Navy cable must meet NAVSEA Design Data Sheet (DDS) 304-2 
``Electrical Cable, Ratings and Characteristics'' as appropriate.
    (p) Conductors must be sized so that the voltage drop at the load 
terminals does not exceed 10 percent. Table 183.340(p) indicates the 
size of conductor required for corresponding lengths and steady state 
(stable) values to obtain not more than this voltage drop at the load 
terminals of a two conductor circuit.

                                                 Table 183.340(p).--Conductor Sizes for Amperes--Lengths                                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           Length of conductor in meters (feet) from source of current to most distant fixture          
       Total current on circuit, amperes        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 3.1(10)  4.5(15)  6.1(20)  7.6(25)  9.2(30)  10.7(35)  12.2(40)  13.7(45)  15.2(50)  16.8(55)  18.3(60)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                          12-volts, 2 wire--10 percent drop wire sizes (A.W.G.)                         
5..............................................      14       14       14       14       14        14        14        14        12        12        12 
10.............................................      14       14       14       12       12        12        10        10        10        10         8 
15.............................................      14       14       12       10       10        10         8         8         8         8         8 
20.............................................      12       12       10       10        8         8         8         8         6         6         6 
25.............................................      10       10       10        8        8         8         6         6         6         6         4 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Other values can be computed by means of the following formula:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10JA96.010
    
Where:

cm=Circular-mil area of conductor
K=3.28 ohms/mil-meter (metric)
  =10.75 ohm/mil-foot (english)
    (a constant representing the resistance of copper).
I=Load current, in amperes.
L=length of conductor from center of distribution, in meters (feet).
E=Voltage drop at load, in volts.

    (q) If used, each armored cable metallic covering must:
    (1) Be electrically continuous; and
    (2) Be grounded at each end of the run to:
    (i) The metallic hull; or
    (ii) The common ground plate on nonmetallic vessels; and
    (3) Have final sub-circuits grounded at the supply and only.
    (r) A portable or temporary electric cord or cable must be 
constructed and used in compliance with the requirements of Sec. 111.60-
13 in subchapter J of this chapter for a flexible electric cord or 
cable.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 997, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]

[[Page 266]]



Sec. 183.350  Batteries--general.

    (a) Where provisions are made for charging batteries, there must be 
natural or induced ventilation sufficient to dissipate the gases 
generated.
    (b) Each battery must be located as high above the bilge as 
practicable, secured to protect against shifting with the roll and pitch 
of the vessel, and free from exposure to water splash or spray.
    (c) Batteries must be accessible for maintenance and removal.
    (d) Connections must be made to battery terminals with permanent 
type connectors. Spring clips or other temporary type clamps are 
prohibited.
    (e) Batteries must be mounted in trays lined with, or constructed 
of, a material that is resistant to damage by the electrolyte.
    (f) Battery chargers must have an ammeter connected in the charging 
circuit.
    (g) If the batteries are not adjacent to a distribution panel or 
switchboard that distributes power to the lighting, motor, and appliance 
circuits, the battery lead must have a fuse in series as close as 
practicable to the battery.
    (h) Batteries used for engine starting are to be located as close as 
possible to the engine or engines served.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 997, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 183.352  Battery categories.

    This section applies to batteries installed to meet the requirements 
of Sec. 183.310 for secondary sources of power to vital loads, or 
sources of power to final emergency loads.
    (a) Large. A large battery installation is one connected to a 
battery charger having an output of more than 2 kilowatt (kw), computed 
from the highest possible charging current and the rated voltage of the 
battery installation.
    (b) Small. A small battery installation is one connected to a 
battery charger having an output of 2 kw or less, computed as above.



Sec. 183.354  Battery installations.

    (a) Large batteries. Each large battery installation must be located 
in a locker, room or enclosed box solely dedicated to the storage of 
batteries. Ventilation must be provided in accordance with Sec. 111.15-
10 in subchapter J of this chapter. Electrical equipment located within 
the battery enclosure must be approved by an independent laboratory for 
Class I, Division 1, Group B hazardous locations and meet Sec. 111.105 
in subchapter J of this chapter.
    (b) Small batteries. Each small battery installation must be located 
in a well ventilated space and protected from falling objects. A small 
battery installation must not be in a closet, storeroom or similar 
space.



Sec. 183.360  Semiconductor rectifier systems.

    (a) Each semiconductor rectifier system must have an adequate heat 
removal system that prevents overheating.
    (b) Where a semiconductor rectifier system is used in a propulsion 
system or in other vital systems it must:
    (1) Have a current limiting circuit;
    (2) Have external overcurrent protection; and
    (3) Meet Sections 35.84.2 and 35.84.4 of the American Bureau of 
Shipping (ABS), ``Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels,'' or 
other standard specified by the Commandant.



Sec. 183.370  General grounding requirements.

    (a) A vessel's hull must not carry current as a conductor except for 
the following systems:
    (1) Impressed current cathodic protection systems; or
    (2) Battery systems for engine starting.
    (b) Receptacle outlets and attachment plugs for portable lamps, 
tools, and similar apparatus operating at 100 volts or more, must have a 
grounding pole and a grounding conductor in the portable cord.
    (c) Each nonmetallic mast and top mast must have a lightning ground 
conductor.



Sec. 183.372  Equipment and conductor grounding.

    (a) All metallic enclosures and frames of electrical equipment must 
be permanently grounded to the hull on a

[[Page 267]]

metallic vessel. On a nonmetallic vessel, the enclosures and frames of 
electrical equipment must be bonded together to a common ground by a 
normally non-current carrying conductor. Metallic cases of instruments 
and secondary windings of instrument transformers must be grounded.
    (b) On a nonmetallic vessel, where a ground plate is provided for 
radio equipment, it must be connected to the common ground.
    (c) Equipment grounding conductors must be sized in accordance with 
Section 250-95 of the NEC (NFPA 70), or other standard specified by the 
Commandant.
    (d) Each insulated grounding conductor of a cable must be identified 
by one of the following means:
    (1) A green braid or green insulation;
    (2) Stripping the insulation from the entire exposed length of the 
grounding conductor; or
    (3) Marking the exposed insulation of the grounding conductor with 
green tape or green adhesive labels.
    (e) Cable armor must not be used to ground electrical equipment or 
systems.



Sec. 183.376  Grounded distribution systems (neutral grounded).

    (a) If a grounded distribution system is provided, there must be 
only one connection to ground, regardless of the number of power 
sources. This ground connection must be at the switchboard or at the 
common ground plate, which must be accessible.
    (b) Each propulsion, power, lighting, or distribution system having 
a neutral bus or conductor must have the neutral grounded.
    (c) The neutral of each grounded generation and distribution system 
must be grounded at the generator switchboard and have the ground 
connection accessible for checking insulation resistance of the 
generator to ground before the generator is connected to the bus, except 
the neutral of an emergency power generation system must be grounded 
with:
    (1) No direct ground connection at the emergency switchboard;
    (2) The neutral bus permanently connected to the neutral bus on the 
main switchboard; and
    (3) No switch, circuit breaker, or fuse in the neutral conductor of 
the bus-tie feeder connecting the emergency switchboard to the main 
switchboard.
    (d) On a metallic vessel, a grounded alternating current system must 
be grounded to the hull. On a nonmetallic vessel, the neutral must be 
connected to the common ground, except that aluminum grounding 
conductors must not be used.



Sec. 183.380  Overcurrent protection.

    (a) Overcurrent protection must be provided for each ungrounded 
conductor for the purpose of opening the electric circuit if the current 
reaches a value that causes an excessive or dangerous temperature in the 
conductor or conductor insulation.
    (b) The grounded conductor of a circuit must not be disconnected by 
a switch or circuit breaker, unless the ungrounded conductors are 
simultaneously disconnected.
    (c) A conductor of a control, interlock, or indicator circuit, such 
as a conductor for an instrument, pilot light, ground detector light, or 
potential transformer, must be protected by an overcurrent device.
    (d) Conductors must be protected in accordance with their current 
carrying capacities. If the allowable current carrying capacity does not 
correspond to a standard device size, the next larger overcurrent device 
may be used provided it does not exceed 150 percent of the conductor 
current carrying capacity.
    (e) Steering gear control system circuits must be protected against 
short circuit.
    (f) Each steering gear feeder circuit must be protected by a circuit 
breaker that meets the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of 
Sec. 111.93-11 in subchapter J of this chapter.
    (g) Each lighting branch circuit must be protected against 
overcurrent either by fuses or circuit breakers rated at not more than 
30 amperes.
    (h) Overcurrent devices capable of carrying the starting current of 
the motor must be installed to protect motors, motor conductors, and 
control apparatus against:
    (1) Overcurrent due to short circuits or ground faults; and

[[Page 268]]

    (2) Overload due to motor running overcurrent, in accordance with 
Sec. 111.70-1 of this chapter. A protective device integral with the 
motor, which is responsive to both motor current and temperature, may be 
used.
    (i) An emergency switch must be provided in the normally ungrounded 
main supply conductor from a battery. The switch must be accessible and 
located as close to the battery as practicable.
    (j) Disconnect means must be provided on the supply side of and 
adjacent to all fuses for the purpose of de-energizing the fuses for 
inspection and maintenance purposes.
    (k) If the disconnect means is not within sight of the equipment 
that the circuit supplies, means must be provided for locking the 
disconnect device in the open position.
    (l) Fuses must be of the cartridge type only and be listed by 
Underwriters Laboratories or another independent laboratory recognized 
by the Commandant.
    (m) Each circuit breaker must meet UL 489, ``Molded--Case Circuit 
Breakers and Circuit Breaker Enclosures,'' or other standard specified 
by the Commandant, and be of the manually reset type designed for:
    (1) Inverse time delay;
    (2) Instantaneous short circuit protection; and
    (3) Switching duty if the breaker is used as a switch.
    (n) Each circuit breaker must indicate whether it is in the open or 
closed position.



Sec. 183.390  Shore power.

    A vessel with an electrical system operating at more than 50 volts, 
which is provided with a means to connect to shore power, must meet the 
following:
    (a) A shore power connection box or receptacle must be permanently 
installed at a convenient location;
    (b) A cable connecting the shore power connection box or receptacle 
to the switchboard or main distribution panel must be permanently 
installed;
    (c) A circuit breaker must be provided at the switchboard or main 
distribution panel for the shore power connection; and
    (d) The circuit breaker, required by paragraph (c) of this section, 
must be interlocked with the vessel's power sources so that shore power 
and the vessel's power sources may not be operated simultaneously.



Sec. 183.392  Radiotelephone installations.

    A separate circuit, with overcurrent protection at the main 
distribution panel, must be provided for each radiotelephone 
installation.



                       Subpart D--Lighting Systems



Sec. 183.410  Lighting fixtures.

    (a) Each lighting fixture globe, lens, or diffuser must have a guard 
or be made of high strength material, except in an accommodation space, 
radio room, galley, or similar space where it is not subject to damage.
    (b) A lighting fixture may not be used as a connection box for a 
circuit other than the branch circuit supplying the fixture.
    (c) A lighting fixture must be installed as follows:
    (1) Each fixture must comply with Sec. 183.200.
    (2) Each lighting fixture and lampholder must be fixed. A fixture 
must not be supported by the screw shell of a lampholder.
    (3) Each pendant type lighting fixture must be suspended by and 
supplied through a threaded, rigid conduit stem.
    (4) Each table lamp, desk lamp, floor lamp, or similar equipment 
must be secured in place so that it cannot be displaced by the roll or 
pitch of the vessel.
    (d) An exterior lighting fixture in an electrical system operating 
at more than 50 volts must comply with the requirements of UL 595, 
``Marine Type Electric Lighting Fixtures,'' or other standard specified 
by the Commandant. A lighting fixture in an accommodation space, radio 
room, galley or similar interior space may comply with, UL 1570, 
``Fluorescent Lighting Fixtures,'' UL 1571, ``Incandescent Lighting 
Fixtures,'' UL 1572, ``High Intensity Discharge Lighting Fixtures,'' UL 
1573, ``Stage and Studio Lighting Units,'' or UL 1574, ``Track Lighting 
Systems,'' as long as the general marine requirements of UL 595 are 
satisfied.

[[Page 269]]



Sec. 183.420  Navigation lights.

    All vessels must have navigation lights that are in compliance with 
the applicable sections of the International and Inland Navigation 
Rules, except that a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
must also have navigation lights that meet UL 1104, ``Standards for 
Marine Navigation Lights,'' or other standard specified by the 
Commandant.



Sec. 183.430  Portable lights

    Each vessel must be equipped with at least two operable portable 
battery lights. One of these lights must be located at the operating 
station and the other at the access to the propulsion machinery space.



Sec. 183.432  Emergency lighting.

    (a) Each vessel must have adequate emergency lighting fitted along 
the line of escape to the main deck from all passenger and crew 
accommodation spaces located below the main deck.
    (b) The emergency lighting required by paragraph (a) of this section 
must automatically actuate upon failure of the main lighting system. If 
a vessel is not equipped with a single source of power for emergency 
lighting, it must have individual battery powered lights that:
    (1) Are automatically actuated upon loss of normal power;
    (2) Are not readily portable;
    (3) Are connected to an automatic battery charger; and
    (4) Have sufficient capacity for a minimum of 6 hours of continuous 
operation.



            Subpart E--Miscellaneous Systems and Requirements



Sec. 183.520  Lifeboat winches.

    Each electric power operated lifeboat winch must meet, 111.95 in 
subchapter J and Sec. 160.015 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other 
standard specified by the Commandant.



Sec. 183.530  Hazardous areas.

    (a) Electrical equipment in spaces containing machinery powered by, 
or fuel tanks for, gasoline or other fuels having a flashpoint of 
43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower must be explosion-proof or ignition-
protected, or be part of an intrinsically safe system.
    (b) Electrical equipment in lockers used to store paint, oil, 
turpentine, or other flammable liquids must be explosion-proof or be 
part of an intrinsically safe system.
    (c) Explosion-proof equipment and intrinsically safe systems must 
meet the requirements of Sec. 111.105 in subchapter J of this chapter.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 997, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24465, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 183.540  Elevators.

    Each elevator on a vessel must meet the requirements of American 
National Standards Institute (ANSI) A17.1, ``Safety Code for Elevators, 
and Escalators,'' or other standard specified by the Commandant.



Sec. 183.550  General alarm systems.

    All vessels with overnight accommodations must be equipped with a 
general alarm system. The public address system required by Sec. 184.610 
of this chapter may be used to sound the general alarm signal.



PART 184--VESSEL CONTROL AND MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
184.100  General requirement.
184.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

                     Subpart B--Cooking and Heating

184.200  General.
184.202  Restrictions.
184.210  Heating equipment.
184.220  Cooking equipment.
184.240  Gas systems.

                 Subpart C--Mooring and Towing Equipment

184.300  Ground tackle and mooring lines.

                     Subpart D--Navigation Equipment

184.402  Compasses.
184.404  Radars.
184.410  Electronic position fixing devices.
184.420  Charts and nautical publications.

[[Page 270]]

                            Subpart E--Radio

184.502  Requirements of the Federal Communications Commission.
184.506  Emergency broadcast placard.
184.510  Recommended emergency broadcast instructions.

         Subpart F--Control and Internal Communications Systems

184.602  Internal communications systems.
184.610  Public address systems.
184.620  Propulsion engine control systems.

                        Subpart G--Miscellaneous

184.702  Oil pollution prevention equipment and procedures.
184.704  Marine sanitation devices.
184.710  First aid kits.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 
1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 1002, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 184.100  General requirement.

    (a) Vessel control systems and other miscellaneous systems and 
equipment required by this part must be suitable for the purposes 
intended.
    (b) The cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) may 
require navigation, control, or communications equipment, in excess of 
the equipment specifically required by this part, on a vessel that is of 
a novel design, operates at high speeds in restricted or high traffic 
areas, operates in a dynamically supported mode, or operates on extended 
routes or in remote locations.



Sec. 184.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

    (a) An existing vessel need not comply with Secs. 184.402(c), 
184.404, 184.410, and 184.602 unless the cognizant OCMI specifically 
requires compliance due to the route or service of the vessel.
    (b) An existing vessel need not comply with the requirements of 
Sec. 184.610 until March 11, 2001, or 10 years after its keel was laid 
or the vessel was at a similar stage of construction, whichever is 
later.
    (c) An existing vessel need not comply with the requirements of 
Sec. 184.710 until March 11, 1997.



                     Subpart B--Cooking and Heating



Sec. 184.200  General.

    Cooking and heating equipment must be suitable for marine use. 
Equipment designed and installed in accordance with American Boat and 
Yacht Council (ABYC) A-3, ``Galley Stoves,'' and A-7, ``Boat Heating 
Systems,'' or with National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 302, 
``Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft,'' complies with this requirement, 
except as restricted by Sec. 184.202 of this part.



Sec. 184.202  Restrictions.

    (a) The use of gasoline for cooking, heating, or lighting is 
prohibited on all vessels.
    (b) Fireplaces or other space heating equipment with open flames are 
prohibited from being used on all vessels.
    (c) Vessels permitted to use liquefied and non-liquefied gases as 
cooking fuels by 46 CFR part 147 must meet the requirements in 
Sec. 184.240 of this part. The use of these fuels for cooking, heating, 
and lighting on ferry vessels is prohibited by part 147 in subchapter N 
of this chapter.



Sec. 184.210  Heating equipment.

    (a) Each heater must be so constructed and installed as to prevent 
contact with combustible materials such as towels and clothing.
    (b) Each electric space heater must be provided with a thermal 
cutout to prevent overheating.
    (c) Each heater element of an electric space heater must be of an 
enclosed type, and the element case or jacket must be made of a 
corrosion resistant material.



Sec. 184.220  Cooking equipment.

    (a) Doors on a cooking appliance must be provided with heavy duty 
hinges and locking devices to prevent accidental opening in heavy seas.
    (b) A cooking appliance must be installed to prevent movement in 
heavy seas.
    (c) For a grill or similar type of cooking appliance, means must be 
provided to collect grease or fat and to prevent its spillage on wiring 
or the deck.

[[Page 271]]

    (d) Grab rails must be installed on a cooking appliance when 
determined by the cognizant OCMI to be necessary for safety.
    (e) Sea rails, with suitable barriers to prevent accidental movement 
of cooking pots, must be installed on a cooking range.
    (f) Electric connections for a cooking appliance must be dripproof.



Sec. 184.240  Gas systems.

    Cooking systems using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed 
natural gas (CNG) must meet the following requirements:
    (a) The design, installation and testing of each LPG system must 
meet ABYC A-1, ``Marine Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Systems,'' Chapter 
6 of NFPA 302, or other standard specified by the Commandant.
    (b) The design, installation and testing of each CNG system must 
meet ABYC A-22, ``Marine Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Systems,'' Chapter 
6 of NFPA 302, or other standard specified by the Commandant.
    (c) Cooking systems using Chapter 6 of NFPA 302 as the standard must 
meet the following additional requirements:
    (1) The storage or use of CNG containers within the accommodation 
area, machinery spaces, bilges, or other enclosed spaces is prohibited;
    (2) LPG or CNG must be odorized in accordance with ABYC A-1 appendix 
4 or A-22 appendix 4, respectively;
    (3) The marking and mounting of LPG cylinders must be in accordance 
with ABYC A-1 appendix 7; and
    (4) LPG cylinders must be of the vapor withdrawal type as specified 
in ABYC A-1 section 1.7.
    (d) Continuous pilot lights or automatic glow plugs are prohibited 
for an LGP or CNG installation using ABYC A-1 or A-22 as the standard.
    (e) CNG installation using ABYC A-22 as the standard must meet the 
following additional requirements:
    (1) The storage or use of CNG containers within the accommodation 
area, machinery spaces, bilges, or other enclosed spaces is prohibited;
    (2) CNG cylinders, regulating equipment, and safety equipment must 
meet the installation, stowage, and testing requirements of paragraph 6-
5.12 of NFPA 302.
    (3) The use or stowage of stoves with attached CNG cylinders is 
prohibited as specified in paragraph 6-5.1 of NFPA 302.
    (f) If the fuel supply line of an LPG or CNG system enters an 
enclosed space on the vessel, a remote shutoff valve must be installed 
that can be operated from a position adjacent to the appliance. The 
valve must be located between the fuel tank and the point where the fuel 
supply line enters the enclosed portion of the vessel. A power operated 
valve installed to meet this requirement must be of a type that will 
fail closed.
    (g) The following variances from ABYC A-1 section 1.12 are allowed 
for CNG:
    (1) The storage locker or housing access opening need not be in the 
top.
    (2) The locker or housing need not be above the waterline.
    (h) The following variances from NFPA 302 are allowed:
    (1) The storage locker or housing for CNG tank installations need 
not be above the waterline as required by paragraph 6-5.12.1.1(a);
    (2) Ignition protection need not be provided as required by 
paragraph 6-5.4.



                 Subpart C--Mooring and Towing Equipment



Sec. 184.300  Ground tackle and mooring lines.

    A vessel must be fitted with ground tackle and mooring lines 
necessary for the vessel to be safely anchored or moored. The ground 
tackle and mooring lines provided must be satisfactory for the size of 
the vessel, the waters on which the vessel operates, subject to the 
approval of the cognizant OCMI.



                     Subpart D--Navigation Equipment



Sec. 184.402  Compasses.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section every vessel must 
be fitted with a suitable magnetic compass designed for marine use, to 
be mounted at the primary operating station.
    (b) The following vessels need not be fitted with a compass:

[[Page 272]]

    (1) A vessel on a rivers route;
    (2) A non-self propelled vessel; and
    (3) A vessel operating on short restricted routes on lakes, bays, 
and sounds.
    (c) Except on a vessel limited to daytime operations, the compass 
must be illuminated.



Sec. 184.404  Radars.

    (a) A vessel must be fitted with a Federal Communications Commission 
(FCC) type accepted general marine radar system for surface navigation 
with a radar screen mounted at the primary operating station if:
    (1) The vessel is self-propelled;
    (2) The vessel has an oceans, coastwise, limited coastwise, or Great 
Lakes route; and
    (3) The vessel carries more than 49 passengers.
    (b) A ferry that carries more than 49 passengers on a rivers route 
not within one mile of land must be fitted with a FCC Type Accepted 
general marine radar system for surface navigation with a radar screen 
mounted at the primary operating station.
    (c) The radar and its installation must be suitable for the intended 
speed and route of the vessel.
    (d) A vessel operated on a short restricted route need not be fitted 
with a radar if the cognizant OCMI determines that a radar is not 
necessary due to the vessel's route and local weather conditions.



Sec. 184.410  Electronic position fixing devices.

    A vessel on an oceans route must be equipped with an electronic 
position fixing device, capable of providing accurate fixed for the area 
in which the vessel operates, to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 184.420  Charts and nautical publications.

    (a) As appropriate for the intend voyage, a vessel must carry 
adequate and up-to-date:
    (1) Charts of large enough scale to make safe navigation possible;
    (2) U.S. Coast Pilot or similar publication;
    (3) Coast Guard Light List;
    (4) Tide tables; and
    (5) Current tables, or a river current publication issued by the 
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers or a river authority.
    (b) Extracts from the publications listed above for the areas to be 
transited may be provided instead of the complete publication.



                            Subpart E--Radio



Sec. 184.502  Requirements of the Federal Communications Commission.

    A vessel must comply with the applicable requirements for any radio 
and Electronic Position Indicating Radiobeacon (EPIRB) installations, 
including the requirements for a station license and installation 
certificates to be issued by the Federal Communications Commission, as 
set forth in 47 CFR part 80.



Sec. 184.506  Emergency broadcast placard.

    A durable placard mut be posted next to all radiotelephone 
installations with the emergency broadcast instructions and information, 
specific to the individual vessel.



Sec. 184.510  Recommended emergency broadcast instructions.

    The following emergency broadcast instructions, when placed on a 
placard, will satisfy the requirement contained in Sec. 184.506 for an 
emergency broadcast placard:
    (a) Emergency Broadcast Instructions.
    (1) Make sure your radiotelephone is on.
    (2) Select 156.8 MHz (channel 16 VHF) or 2182 kHz. (Channel 16 VHF 
and 2182 kHz on SSB are for emergency and calling purposes only.)
    (3) Press microphone button and, speaking slowly--clearly--calmly, 
say:
    (i) ``MAYDAY--MAYDAY--MAYDAY'' for situations involving Immediate 
Danger to Life and Property; or
    (ii) ``PAN--PAN--PAN'' for urgent situations where there is No 
Immediate Danger to Life or Property.
    (4) Say: ``THIS IS (INSERT VESSEL'S NAME), (INSERT VESSEL'S NAME), 
(INSERT VESSEL'S NAME), (INSERT VESSEL'S CALL SIGN), OVER.''

[[Page 273]]

    (5) Release the microphone button briefly and listen for 
acknowledgment. If no one answers, repeat steps 3 & 4.
    (6) If there is no acknowledgment, or if the Coast Guard or another 
vessel responds, say: ``MAYDAY'' OR ``PAN'', (INSERT VESSEL'S NAME).''
    (7) DESCRIBE YOUR POSITION using latitude and longitude coordinates, 
LORAN coordinates, or range and bearing from a known point.
    (8) STATE THE NATURE OF THE DISTRESS.
    (9) GIVE NUMBER OF PERSONS ABOARD AND THE NATURE OF ANY INJURIES.
    (10) ESTIMATE THE PRESENT SEAWORTHINESS OF YOUR VESSEL.
    (11) BRIEFLY DESCRIBE YOUR VESSEL: (INSERT LENGTH, COLOR, HULL TYPE, 
TRIM, MASTS, POWER, ANY ADDITIONAL DISTINGUISHING FEATURES).
    (12) Say: ``I WILL BE LISTENING ON CHANNEL 16/2182.''
    (13) End message by saying: ``THIS IS (INSERT VESSEL'S NAME & CALL 
SIGN).''
    (14) If your situation permits, stand by the radio to await further 
communications with the Coast Guard or another vessel. If no answer, 
repeat, then try another channel.
    (b) [Reserved]



         Subpart F--Control and Internal Communications Systems



Sec. 184.602  Internal communications systems.

    (a) A vessel equipped with pilothouse control must have a fixed 
means of two-way communications from the operating station to the 
location where the means of controlling the propulsion machinery, 
required by Sec. 184.620(a) of this part, is located. Twin screw vessels 
with pilothouse control for both engines are not required to have a 
fixed communications system.
    (b) A vessel equipped with auxiliary means of steering, required by 
Sec. 182.620 of this subchapter, must have a fixed means of two-way 
communications from the operating station to the location where the 
auxiliary means of steering is controlled.
    (c) When the propulsion machinery of a vessel cannot be controlled 
from the operating station, an efficient communications system must be 
provided between the operating station and the propulsion machinery 
space.
    (d) When the locations addressed in paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of 
this section are sufficiently close together, direct voice 
communications satisfactory to the cognizant OCMI is acceptable instead 
of the required fixed means of communications.
    (e) The OCMI may accept hand held portable radios as satisfying the 
communications system requirement of this section.



Sec. 184.610  Public address systems.

    (a) Except as noted in paragraphs (d) and (e) below, each vessel 
must be equipped with a public address system.
    (b) On a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, the 
public address system must be a fixed installation and be audible during 
normal operating conditions throughout the accommodation spaces and all 
other spaces normally manned by crew members.
    (c) A vessel with more than one passenger deck and a vessel with 
overnight accommodations must have the public address system operable 
from the operating station.
    (d) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length, a 
battery powered bullhorn may serve as the public address system if 
audible throughout the accommodation spaces of the vessel during normal 
operating conditions. The bullhorn's batteries are to be continually 
maintained at a fully charged level by use of a battery charger or other 
means acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.
    (e) On a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length 
carrying not more than 49 passengers, a public address system is not 
required if a public announcement made from operating station without 
amplification can be heard throughout the accommodation spaces of the 
vessel during normal operating conditions, to the satisfaction of the 
cognizant OCMI.

[[Page 274]]



Sec. 184.620  Propulsion engine control systems.

    (a) A vessel must have two independent means of controlling each 
propulsion engine. Control must be provided for the engine speed, 
direction of shaft rotation, and engine shutdown.
    (1) One of the means may be the ability to readily disconnect the 
remote engine control linkage to permit local operation.
    (2) A multiple engine vessel with independent remote propulsion 
control for each engine need not have a second means of controlling each 
engine.
    (b) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (a), a vessel must 
have a reliable means for shutting down a propulsion engine, at the main 
pilothouse control station, which is independent of the engine's speed 
control.
    (c) A propulsion engine control system, including pilothouse 
control, must be designed so that a loss of power to the control system 
does not result in an increase in shaft speed or propeller pitch.



                        Subpart G--Miscellaneous



Sec. 184.702  Oil pollution prevention equipment and procedures.

    A vessel must comply with the applicable design, equipment, 
personnel, procedures, and record requirements of 33 CFR parts 151, 155, 
and 156.



Sec. 184.704  Marine sanitation devices.

    A vessel with installed toilet facilities must have a marine 
sanitation device that complies with 33 CFR part 159.



Sec. 184.710  First aid kits.

    A vessel must carry a first aid kit approved in accordance with 
160.041 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard specified by 
the Commandant, or a kit with equivalent contents and instructions. For 
equivalent kits, the contents must be stowed in a suitable container 
that is marked, ``First Aid Kit''. A first aid kit shall be easily 
visible and readily available to the crew.



PART 185--OPERATIONS--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

185.100  General requirement.
185.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

             Subpart B--Marine Casualties and Voyage Records

185.202  Notice of casualty.
185.203  Notice of hazardous conditions.
185.206  Written report of marine casualty.
185.208  Accidents to machinery.
185.210  Alcohol or drug use by individuals directly involved in 
          casualties.
185.212  Mandatory chemical testing following serious marine incidents.
185.220  Records of a voyage resulting in a marine casualty.
185.230  Report of accident to aid to navigation.
185.260  Reports of potential vessel casualty.
185.280  Official Logbook for foreign voyages.

             Subpart C--Miscellaneous Operating Requirements

185.304  Navigation underway.
185.315  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability 
          requirements.
185.320  Steering gear, controls, and communication system tests.
185.330  Hatches and other openings.
185.335  Loading doors.
185.340  Vessels carrying vehicles.
185.350  Fueling of vessels using fuel having a flash point of 43.3 deg. 
          C (110 deg. F) or lower (such as gasoline).
185.352  Ventilation of gasoline machinery spaces.
185.356  Carriage of hazardous materials.
185.360  Use of auto pilot.

                      Subpart D--Crew Requirements

185.402  Licenses.
185.410  Watchmen.
185.420  Crew training.

                 Subpart E--Preparations for Emergencies

185.502  Crew and passenger list.
185.503  Voyage plan.
185.504  Passenger count.
185.506  Passenger safety orientation.
185.508  Wearing of life jackets.
185.510  Emergency instructions.
185.512  Recommended emergency instructions format.
185.514  Station bill.
185.516  Life jacket placards.
185.518  Inflatable survival craft placards.
185.520  Abandon ship and man overboard drills and training.
185.524  Fire fighting drills and training.

[[Page 275]]

185.530  Responsibilities of licensed individuals.

                      Subpart F--Markings Required

185.602  Hull markings.
185.604  Lifesaving equipment markings.
185.606  Escape hatches and emergency exits.
185.608  Fuel shutoff valves.
185.610  Watertight doors and watertight hatches.
185.612  Fire protection equipment.
185.614  Portable watertight containers for distress flares and smoke 
          signals.

    Subpart G--Operational Readiness, Maintenance, and Inspection of 
                          Lifesaving Equipment

185.700  Operational readiness.
185.702  Maintenance.
185.704  Maintenance of falls.
185.720  Weekly maintenance and inspections.
185.722  Monthly inspections.
185.724  Quarterly inspections.
185.726  Annual inspections.
185.728  Testing and servicing of Emergency Position Indicating 
          Radiobeacons (EPIRB).
185.730  Servicing of inflatable liferafts, inflatable buoyant 
          apparatus, inflatable life jackets, and inflated rescue boats.
185.740  Periodic servicing of hydrostatic release units.

                          Subpart H--Penalties

185.900  Penalty for violations.
185.910  Suspension and revocation.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 6101; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 
CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 85-080, 61 FR 1005, Jan. 10, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 185.100  General requirement.

    A vessel must be operated in accordance with applicable laws and 
regulations and in such a manner as to afford adequate precaution 
against hazards that might endanger the vessel and the persons being 
transported.



Sec. 185.115  Applicability to existing vessels.

    (a) An existing vessel need not comply with the hull marking 
requirements in Sec. 185.602(c) until completion of a vessel's first 
drydock required by Sec. 176.600 of this subchapter, which occurs after 
March 11, 1996.
    (b) An existing vessel need not comply with the marking requirement 
in Secs. 185.604 and 185.610, where the size and contents of the 
markings required by these sections vary from the size and contents of 
required markings on lifesaving equipment, watertight doors, and 
watertight hatches on the vessel prior to March 11, 1996, until the 
existing markings are no longer legible as determined by the cognizant 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI).
    (c) An existing vessel need not comply with the requirements of 
Secs. 185.514, 185.516, and 185.604(i) until completion of the first 
inspection for certification that occurs after March 11, 1996.
[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 1005, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24465, May 15, 1996]



             Subpart B--Marine Casualties and Voyage Records



Sec. 185.202  Notice of casualty.

    (a) Immediately after the addressing of resultant safety concerns, 
the owner, agent, master, or person in charge of a vessel involved in a 
marine casualty shall notify the nearest Marine Safety Office, Marine 
Inspection Office, or Coast Guard Group Office whenever a vessel is 
involved in a marine casualty consisting of:
    (1) An unintended grounding, or an unintended strike of (allision 
with) a bridge;
    (2) An intended grounding, or an intended strike of a bridge, that 
creates a hazard to navigation, the environment, or the safety of a 
vessel, or that meets any criterion of paragraphs (a)(3) through (a)(7) 
of this section;
    (3) Loss of main propulsion or primary steering, or any associated 
component or control system, that reduces the maneuverability of the 
vessel;
    (4) An occurrence materially and adversely affecting the vessel's 
seaworthiness or fitness for service or route, including but not limited 
to fire, flooding, failure of or damage to fixed fire extinguishing 
systems, lifesaving equipment, auxiliary power generating equipment, or 
bilge pumping systems;
    (5) Loss of life;
    (6) Injury that requires professional medical treatment (treatment 
beyond first aid) and, if the person is engaged

[[Page 276]]

or employed on board a vessel in commercial service, which renders the 
individual unfit to perform his or her routine duties; or
    (7) An occurrence not meeting any of the above criteria but causing 
property damage in excess of $25,000. This damage includes the cost of 
labor and material to restore the property to its condition before the 
occurrence, but does not include the cost of salvage, cleaning, gas 
freeing, drydocking, or demurrage.
    (b) A vessel is excluded from the requirements of paragraphs (a)(5) 
and (a)(6) of this section with respect to the death or injury of 
shipyard or harbor workers when such accidents are not the result of 
either a vessel casualty (e.g., collision) or a vessel equipment 
casualty (e.g., cargo boom failure) and are subject to the reporting 
requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 
in 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 1904.
    (c) Notice given as required by Sec. 185.203 satisfies the 
requirement of this section if the marine casualty involves a hazardous 
condition.



Sec. 185.203  Notice of hazardous conditions.

    Whenever there is a hazardous condition, as defined by Sec. 175.400 
of this subchapter, on board the vessel, the owner, master, agent, or 
person in charge shall immediately notify the Captain of the Port of the 
port of place of destination and the Captain of the Port of the port or 
place in which the vessel is located of the hazardous condition.



Sec. 185.206  Written report of marine casualty.

    (a) The owner, master, agent, or person in charge shall, within five 
days, file a written report of any marine casualty. This written report 
is in addition to the immediate notice required by 185.202. This written 
report must be delivered to a Coast Guard Marine Safety Office, or 
Marine Inspection Office. It must be provided on Form CG-2692 (Report of 
Marine Accident, Injury, or Death), Supplemented as necessary by 
appended Forms CG-2692A (Barge Addendum) and CG-2692B (Report of 
Required Chemical Drug and Alcohol Testing Following a Serious Marine 
Incident).
    (b) If filed without delay after the occurrence of the marine 
casualty, the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section suffices 
as the notice required by Sec. 185.202.



Sec. 185.208  Accidents to machinery.

    The owner, managing operator, or master shall report damage to a 
boiler, unfired pressure vessel, or machinery that renders further use 
of the item unsafe until repairs are made, to the OCMI at the port in 
which the casualty occurred or nearest the port of first arrival, as 
soon as practicable after the damage occurs.



Sec. 185.210  Alcohol or drug use by individuals directly involved in casualties.

    (a) For each marine casualty required to be reported by 
Sec. 185.202, the owner, agent, master, or person in charge of the 
vessel shall determine whether there is any evidence of alcohol or drug 
use by individuals directly involved in the casualty.
    (b) The owner, agent, master, or person in charge of the vessel 
shall include in the written report, Form CG 2692, submitted for the 
casualty information that:
    (1) Identifies those individuals for whom evidence of drug or 
alcohol use, or evidence of intoxication, has been obtained; and
    (2) Specifies the method use to obtain such evidence, such as 
personal observation of the individual, or by chemical testing of the 
individual.
    (c) An entry must be made in the Official Logbook if carried, 
pertaining to those individuals for whom evidence of intoxication is 
obtained. The individual shall be informed of this entry and the entry 
shall be witnessed by a second person.
    (d) If an individual directly involved in a casualty refuses to 
submit to, or cooperate in, the administration of a timely chemical 
test, when directed by a Coast Guard commissioned, warrant, or petty 
officer, or any other law enforcement officer authorized to obtain a 
chemical test under Federal, state, or

[[Page 277]]

local law, or by the owner, agent, master, or person in change, this 
fact must be noted in the Official Logbook, if carried, and in the 
written report (Form CG 2692), and will be admissible as evidence in any 
administrative proceeding.



Sec. 185.212  Mandatory chemical testing following serious marine incidents.

    A marine employer whose vessel is involved in a casualty or incident 
that is, or is likely to become, a serious marine incident as defined in 
Sec. 4.03-2 of subchapter A of this chapter shall comply with the 
requirements of Sec. 4.06 in subchapter A of this chapter.



Sec. 185.220  Records of a voyage resulting in a marine casualty.

    The owner, agent, master, or person in charge of any vessel involved 
in a marine casualty for which a report is required under Sec. 185.202 
of this part shall retain all voyage records maintained by the vessel, 
including rough and smooth deck and engine room logs, bell books, 
navigation charts, navigation work books, compass deviation cards, 
gyrocompass records, stowage plans, records of draft, aids to mariners, 
night order books, radiograms sent and received, radio logs, crew and 
passenger lists and counts, articles of shipment, official logs, and 
other material that might be of assistance in investigating and 
determining the cause of the casualty. The owner, agent, master, other 
officer, or person responsible for the custody thereof, shall make these 
records available upon request, to a duly authorized investigating 
officer, administrative law judge, officer of employee of the Coast 
Guard.



Sec. 185.230  Report of accident to aid to navigation.

    Whenever a vessel collides with a buoy, or other aid to navigation 
under the jurisdiction of the Coast Guard, or is connected with any such 
collision, the person in charge of such vessel shall report the accident 
to the nearest OCMI. No report on Form CG 2692 is required unless 
otherwise required under 185.202.



Sec. 185.260  Reports of potential vessel casualty.

    (a) An owner, charterer, managing operator, or agent of a vessel 
shall immediately notify either of the following Coast Guard offices if 
there is reason to believe the vessel is lost or imperiled:
    (1) The Coast Guard district rescue coordination center (RCC) 
cognizant over the area in which the vessel was last operating; or
    (2) The Coast Guard search and rescue authority nearest to where the 
vessel was last operating.
    (b) Reasons for belief that a vessel is in distress include, but are 
not limited to, lack of communication with or nonappearance of the 
vessel.
    (c) The owner, charterer, managing operator, or agent notifying the 
Coast Guard under paragraph (a) of this section, shall provide the name 
and identification number of the vessel, a description of the vessel, 
the names or number of individuals on board, and other information that 
may be requested by the Coast Guard.



Sec. 185.280  Official Logbook for foreign voyages.

    (a) Every vessel on a voyage from a port in the United States to a 
foreign port except to a port in Canada, or vice versa, must have an 
Official Logbook.
    (b) The master shall make or have made in the Official Logbook the 
following entries:
    (1) Each legal conviction of a seaman of the vessel and the 
punishment inflicted;
    (2) Each offense committed by a seaman of the vessel for which it is 
intended to prosecute or to enforce under a forfeiture, together with 
statements about reading the entry and the reply made to the charge as 
required by 46 U.S.C. 11502;
    (3) A statement of the conduct, character, and qualifications of 
each seaman of the vessel or a statement that the master declines to 
give an opinion about that conduct, character, and qualifications;
    (4) Each illness of or injury to a seaman of the vessel, the nature 
of the illness or injury, and the medical treatment;

[[Page 278]]

    (5) Each death on board, with the cause of death, and if a seaman, 
the information required by 46 U.S.C. 10702:
    (i) The wages due to a seaman who dies during the voyage and the 
gross amount of all deductions to be made from the wages;
    (ii) The sale of the property of a seaman who dies during the 
voyage, including a statement of each article sold and the amount 
received for the property;
    (6) Each birth on board, with the sex of the infant and the name of 
the parents;
    (7) Each marriage on board, with the names and ages of the parties;
    (8) The name of each seaman who ceases to be a crew member (except 
by death), with the place, time, manner, and the cause why the seaman 
ceased to be a crew member;
    (9) When a marine casualty occurs, a statement about the casualty 
and the circumstances under which it occurred, made immediately after 
the casualty when practicable to do so.



             Subpart C--Miscellaneous Operating Requirements



Sec. 185.304  Navigation underway.

    (a) The movement of vessel shall be under the direction and control 
of the master or a licensed mate at all times. The master shall operate 
the vessel keeping the safety of the passengers and crew foremost in 
mind by directing the vessel in order to prevent a casualty. Special 
attention should be paid to:
    (1) The current(s) velocity and direction of the transiting area;
    (2) Tidal state;
    (3) Prevailing visibility and weather conditions;
    (4) Density of marine traffic;
    (5) Potential damage caused by own wake;
    (6) The danger of each closing visual or each closing radar contact;
    (7) Vessel's handling characteristics; and
    (8) Magnetic variation and deviation errors of the compass.
    (b) [Reserved]



Sec. 185.315  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability requirements.

    After loading and prior to departure and at all other times 
necessary to assure the safety of the vessel, the master shall determine 
that the vessel complies with all applicable stability requirements in 
the vessel's trim and stability book, stability letter, Certificate of 
Inspection, and Load Line Certificate, as the case may be. The vessel 
may not depart until it is in compliance with these requirements.



Sec. 185.320  Steering gear, controls, and communication system tests.

    The master of a vessel shall have examined and tested the steering 
gear, signaling whistle, propulsion controls, and communication systems 
of the vessel prior to getting underway for a voyage, except that such 
examination and testing need not be conducted more than once in any 24 
hour period.



Sec. 185.330  Hatches and other openings.

    (a) Except when operating on lakes, bays, and sounds, or rivers 
routes in calm weather, all hatches and openings in the hull, except 
loading doors, of a vessel must be kept tightly closed except when being 
used.
    (b) All watertight doors in subdivision bulkheads must be kept 
tightly closed during the navigation of the vessel except when being 
used for transit between compartments.



Sec. 185.335  Loading doors.

    (a) Except as allowed by paragraph (b) of this section, the master 
of a vessel fitted with loading doors shall assure that all loading 
doors are closed watertight and secured during the entire voyage.
    (b) Loading doors, other than bow visors, may be opened when 
operating in protected or partially protected waters, provided the 
master of the vessel determines that the safety of the vessel is not 
impaired.
    (c) For the purpose of this section, ``loading doors'' include all 
weathertight ramps, bow visors, and openings used to load personnel, 
equipment, and stores, in the collision bulkhead, the

[[Page 279]]

side shell, and the boundaries of enclosed superstructures that are 
continuous with the shell of the vessel.



Sec. 185.340  Vessels carrying vehicles.

    (a) Automobiles or other vehicles must be stowed in such a manner as 
to permit both passengers and crew to get out and away from the vehicles 
freely in the event of fire or other disaster. The decks, where 
necessary, must be distinctly marked with painted lines to indicate the 
vehicle runways and the aisle spaces.
    (b) The master shall take any necessary precautions to see that 
automobiles or other vehicles have their motors turned off and their 
emergency brakes set when the vessel is underway, and that the motors 
are not started until the vessel is secured to the landing. In addition, 
a vehicle at each end of a line of vehicles or next to a loading ramp 
must have its wheels securely blocked, while the vessel is being 
navigated.
    (c) The master shall have appropriate ``NO SMOKING'' signs posted 
and shall take all necessary precautions to prevent smoking or carrying 
of lighted or smoldering pipes, cigars, cigarettes, or similar items in 
the deck area assigned to automobiles or other vehicles.
    (d) The master shall, prior to getting underway, ensure that 
vehicles are properly distributed consistent with the guidance in the 
vessel's stability letter and Certificate of Inspection, if applicable.



Sec. 185.350  Fueling of vessels using fuel having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C (110 deg. F) or lower (such as gasoline).

    A vessel must not take on fuel having a flash point of 43.3 deg. C 
(110 deg. F) or lower when passengers are on board.



Sec. 185.352  Ventilation of gasoline machinery spaces.

    The mechanical exhaust for the ventilation of a gasoline machinery 
space, required by Sec. 182.460(a)(1)(ii) of this chapter, must be 
operated prior to starting gasoline engines for the time sufficient to 
insure at least one complete change of air in the space served.



Sec. 185.356  Carriage of hazardous materials.

    A vessel that transports a hazardous material, listed in 49 CFR 
172.101, in commerce shall ensure the material is handled and 
transported in accordance with 49 CFR parts 171 and 179.



Sec. 185.360  Use of auto pilot.

    Whenever an automatic pilot is used the master shall ensure that:
    (a) It is possible to immediately establish manual control of the 
vessel's steering;
    (b) A competent person is ready at all times to take over steering 
control; and
    (c) The changeover from automatic to manual steering and vice versa 
is made by, or under the supervision of, the master or the mate on 
watch.



                      Subpart D--Crew Requirements



Sec. 185.402  Licenses.

    Each licensed individual employed upon any vessel subject to the 
provisions of this subchapter shall have his or her license on board and 
available for examination at all times when the vessel is operating.



Sec. 185.410  Watchmen.

    The owner, charterer, master, or managing operator of a vessel 
carrying overnight passengers shall have a suitable number of watchmen 
patrol throughout the vessel during the nighttime, whether or not the 
vessel is underway, to guard against, and give alarm in case of, a fire 
or other danger.



Sec. 185.420  Crew training.

    (a) The owner, charterer, master or managing operator shall instruct 
each crew member, upon first being employed and prior to getting 
underway for the first time on a particular vessel and at least once 
every three months, as to the duties that the crew member is expected to 
perform in an emergency including, but not limited to, the emergency 
instructions listed on the emergency instruction placard required by 
Sec. 185.510 of this part and, when applicable, the duties listed in the 
station bill required by Sec. 185.514 of this part.

[[Page 280]]

    (b) Crew training shall be logged or otherwise documented for review 
by the Coast Guard upon request. The training entry shall include the 
following information.
    (1) Date of the training; and
    (2) General description of the training topics.



                 Subpart E--Preparations for Emergencies



Sec. 185.502  Crew and passenger list.

    (a) The owner, charterer, managing operator, or master of the 
following vessels must keep a correct list of the names of all persons 
that embark on and disembark from the vessel:
    (1) A vessel making a coastwise or oceans voyage where:
    (i) Passengers embark or disembark from the vessel to another vessel 
or port other than at the port of origin; or
    (ii) Passengers are carried overnight;
    (2) A vessel making a voyage of more than 300 miles on the Great 
Lakes, except from a Canadian to a United States port; and
    (3) A vessel arriving from a foreign port, except at a United States 
Great Lakes port from a Canadian Great Lakes port.
    (b) The master of a vessel required to prepare a crew and passenger 
list by paragraph (a) of this section shall see that the list is 
prepared prior to departing on a voyage. The list must be communicated 
verbally or in writing ashore at the vessel's normal berthing location 
or with a representative of the owner or managing operator of the 
vessel. The crew and passenger list shall be available to the Coast 
Guard upon request.



Sec. 185.503  Voyage plan.

    (a) The master of the following vessels shall prepare a voyage plan:
    (1) A vessel making an oceans or coastwise voyage;
    (2) A vessel making a voyage of more than 300 miles on the Great 
Lakes, except from a Canadian to a United States port;
    (3) A vessel, with overnight accommodations for passengers, making 
an overnight voyage; and
    (4) A vessel arriving from a foreign port, except at a United States 
Great Lakes port from a Canadian Great Lakes port.
    (b) The voyage plan required by paragraph (a) of this section must 
be prepared prior to departing on a voyage and communicated verbally or 
in writing, ashore at the vessel's normal berthing location or with a 
representative of the owner or managing operator of the vessel. The 
voyage plan shall be available to the Coast Guard upon request.



Sec. 185.504  Passenger count.

    The master of a vessel, except a vessel listed in Sec. 185.502(a) of 
this part, shall keep a correct, written count of all passengers that 
embark on and disembark from the vessel. Prior to departing on a voyage, 
the passenger count must be communicated verbally or in writing, and 
available ashore at the vessel's normal berthing location or with a 
representative of the owner or managing operator of the vessel. The 
passenger count shall be available to the Coast Guard upon request.



Sec. 185.506  Passenger safety orientation.

    (a) Except as allowed by paragraph (b) of this section, before 
getting underway on a voyage, the master of a vessel shall ensure that 
suitable public announcements are made informing all passengers of the 
information in this section when applicable to the vessel's operations 
and arrangement:
    (1) The location of emergency exists, survival craft embarkation 
areas, and ring life buoys;
    (2) The stowage location(s) of life jackets;
    (3) Either:
    (i) The proper method of donning and adjusting life jackets of the 
type(s) carried on the vessel including a demonstration of the proper 
donning of a lifejacket, or
    (ii) that passengers may contact a crew member for a demonstration 
as appropriate, prior to beginning an oceans or coastwise voyage;
    (4) The location of the instruction placards for life jackets and 
other lifesaving devices;
    (5) That all passengers will be required to don life jackets when 
possible hazardous conditions exist, as directed by the master; and

[[Page 281]]

    (6) If the vessel is operating with reduced manning or equipment 
requirements in Sec. 176.114 of this chapter.
    (b) On a vessel with other than an oceans or coastwise route, as an 
alternative to an announcement that complies with paragraph (a) of this 
section, the master or other designated person may:
    (1) Prior to getting underway, deliver to each passenger or, on a 
vessel that does not carry vehicles and that has seats for each 
passenger, place near each seat, a card or pamphlet that has the 
information listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(6) of this section; 
and
    (2) Make an abbreviated announcement consisting of:
    (i) A statement that passengers should follow the instructions of 
the crew in an emergency;
    (ii) The location of life jackets; and
    (iii) That further information concerning emergency procedures 
including the donning of life jackets, location of other emergency 
equipment, and emergency evacuation procedures are located on the card 
or pamphlet that was given to each passenger or is located near each 
seat.
    (c) The master of a vessel shall ensure that a passenger, who boards 
the vessel on a voyage after the initial public announcement has been 
made as required by paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section, is also 
informed of the required safety information.
    (d) On a vessel on a voyage of more than 24 hours duration, 
passengers shall be requested to don life jackets and go to the 
appropriate embarkation station during the safety orientation. If only a 
small number of passengers embark at a port after the original muster 
has been held, these passengers must be given the passenger safety 
orientation required by paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section if another 
muster is not held.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 1005, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996]



Sec. 185.508  Wearing of life jackets.

    (a) The master of a vessel shall require passengers to don life 
jackets when possible hazardous conditions exist, including, but not 
limited to:
    (1) When transiting hazardous bars and inlets;
    (2) During severe weather;
    (3) In event of flooding, fire, or other events that may possibly 
call for evacuation; and
    (4) When the vessel is being towed, except a non-self-propelled 
vessel under normal operating conditions.
    (b) The master or crew shall assist each passenger in obtaining a 
life jacket and donning it, as necessary.



Sec. 185.510  Emergency instructions.

    (a) The master and crew of a vessel will be familiar with the 
content of and have mounted at the operating station, emergency 
instructions containing the actions to be taken in the event of fire, 
heavy weather, or man overboard conditions.
    (b) Except when in the judgment of the cognizant OCMI the operation 
of a vessel does not present one of the hazards listed, the emergency 
instruction placard should contain at least the applicable portions of 
the ``Emergency Instructions'' listed in Sec. 185.512. The emergency 
instructions must be designed to address the particular equipment, 
arrangement, and operation of each individual vessel.
    (c) If the cognizant OCMI determines that there is no suitable 
mounting surface aboard the vessel, the emergency instructions need not 
be posted but must be carried aboard the vessel and be available to the 
crew for familiarization.



Sec. 185.512  Recommended emergency instructions format.

    An emergency instruction placard containing the following 
information will satisfy the requirements of Sec. 185.510.
    (a) Emergency instructions--(1) Rough weather at sea, crossing 
hazardous bars, or flooding. (i) Close all watertight and weathertight 
doors, hatches, and airports to prevent taking water aboard or further 
flooding in the vessel.
    (ii) Keep bilges dry to prevent loss of stability due to water in 
bilges. Use power driven bilge pump, hand pump, and buckets to dewater.
    (iii) Align fire pumps to use as bilge pump if possible.
    (iv) Check all intake and discharge lines, which penetrate the hull, 
for leakage.

[[Page 282]]

    (v) Passengers must remain seated and evenly distributed.
    (vi) Passengers must don life jackets if the going becomes very 
rough, the vessel is about to cross a hazardous bar, or when otherwise 
instructed by the master.
    (vii) Never abandon the vessel unless actually forced to do so.
    (viii) If assistance is needed follow the procedures on the 
emergency broadcast placard posted by the radiotelephone.
    (ix) Prepare survival craft (life floats, (inflatable) rafts, 
(inflatable) buoyant apparatus, boats) for launching.
    (2) Man overboard. (i) Throw a ring buoy overboard as close to the 
person as possible.
    (ii) Post a lookout to keep the person overboard in sight.
    (iii) Launch rescue boat and maneuver to pick up person in the 
water, or maneuver the vessel to pick up the person in the water.
    (iv) Have crew member put on life jacket, attach a safety line to 
him or her, and have him or her stand by jump into the water to assist 
the person overboard if necessary.
    (v) If person is not immediately located, notify Coast Guard and 
other vessels in vicinity by radiotelephone.
    (vi) Continue search until released by Coast Guard.
    (3) Fire. (i) Cut off air supply to fire--close items such as 
hatches, ports, doors, ventilators, and louvers, and shut off 
ventilation system.
    (ii) Cut off electrical system supplying affected compartment if 
possible.
    (iii) If safe, immediately use portable fire extinguishers at base 
of flames for flammable liquid or grease fires or water for fires in 
ordinary combustible materials. Do not use water on electrical fires.
    (iv) If fire is in machinery spaces, shut off fuel supply and 
ventilation and activate fixed extinguishing system if installed.
    (v) Maneuver vessel to minimize effect of wind on fire.
    (vi) If unable to control fire, immediately notify the Coast Guard 
and other craft in the vicinity by radiotelephone.
    (vii) Move passengers away from fire, have them put on life jackets, 
and if necessary, prepare to abandon the vessel.
    (b) [Reserved]



Sec. 185.514  Station bill.

    (a) A station bill must be posted by the master on a vessel of more 
than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length having a Certificate of Inspection 
requiring more than four crew members at any one time, including the 
master.
    (b) The station bill required by paragraph (a) of this section must 
set forth the special duties and duty station of each crew member for 
various emergencies. The duties must, as far as possible, be comparable 
with the regular work of the individual. The duties must include at 
least the following and any other duties necessary for the proper 
handling of a particular emergency:
    (1) The closing of hatches, airports, watertight doors, vents, 
scuppers, and valves for intake and discharge lines that penetrate the 
hull, the stopping of fans and ventilating systems, and the operating of 
all safety equipment;
    (2) The preparing and launching of survival craft and rescue boats;
    (3) The extinguishing of fire; and
    (4) The mustering of passengers including the following:
    (i) Warning the passengers;
    (ii) Assembling the passengers and directing them to their appointed 
stations; and
    (iii) Keeping order in the passageways and stairways and generally 
controlling the movement of the passengers.
    (c) The station bill must be posted at the operating station and in 
a conspicuous location in each crew accommodation space.



Sec. 185.516  Life jacket placards.

    (a) Placards containing instructions for the donning and use of the 
life jackets aboard the vessel must be posted in conspicuous places that 
are regularly accessible and visible to the crew and passengers.
    (b) If the cognizant OCMI determines that there is no suitable 
mounting surface aboard the vessel, the life jacket placards need not be 
posted but must be carried aboard the vessel and be

[[Page 283]]

available to the crew and passengers for familiarization.



Sec. 185.518  Inflatable survival craft placards.

    (a) Every vessel equipped with an inflatable survival craft must 
have approved placards or other cards containing instruction for 
launching and inflating inflatable survival craft for the information of 
persons on board posted in conspicuous places by each inflatable 
survival craft.
    (b) Under the requirement in Sec. 160.051-6(c)(1) in subchapter Q of 
this chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant, the 
manufacturer of approved inflatable liferafts is required to provide 
approved placards containing such instructions with each liferaft. 
Similar placards must be used for other inflatable survival craft.



Sec. 185.520  Abandon ship and man overboard drills and training.

    (a) The master shall conduct sufficient drills and give sufficient 
instructions to make sure that all crew members are familiar with their 
duties during emergencies that necessitate abandoning ship or the 
recovery of persons who have fallen overboard.
    (b) Each abandon ship drill must include:
    (1) Summoning the crew to report to assigned stations and prepare 
for assigned duties;
    (2) Summoning passengers on a vessel on an overnight voyage to 
muster stations or embarkation stations and ensuring that they are made 
aware of how the order to abandon ship will be given;
    (3) Checking that life jackets are correctly donned;
    (4) Operation of any davits used for launching liferafts; and
    (5) Instruction on the automatic and manual deployment of survival 
craft.
    (c) Each abandon ship drill must, as far as practicable, be 
conducted as if there were an actual emergency.
    (d) Each rescue boat required in accordance with Sec. 180.210 of 
this chapter must be launched with its assigned crew aboard and 
maneuvered in the water as if during an actual man overboard situation:
    (1) Once each month, if reasonable and practicable; but
    (2) At least once within a 3 month period before the vessel gets 
underway with passengers.
    (e) Onboard training in the use of davit launched liferafts must 
take place at intervals of not more than 3 months on a vessel with a 
davit launched liferaft.
    (f) Abandon ship and man overboard drills and training shall be 
logged or otherwise documented for review by the Coast Guard upon 
request. The drill entry shall include the following information:
    (1) Date of the drill and training; and
    (2) General description of the drill scenario and training topics.



Sec. 185.524  Fire fighting drills and training.

    (a) The master shall conduct sufficient fire drills to make sure 
that each crew member is familiar with his or her duties in case of a 
fire.
    (b) Each fire drill must include:
    (1) Summoning passengers on a vessel on an overnight voyage to 
muster or embarkation stations;
    (2) Summoning the crew to report to assigned stations and to prepare 
for and demonstrate assigned duties; and
    (3) Instruction in the use of fire extinguishers and any other fire 
fighting equipment on board.
    (c) Each fire drill must, as far as practicable, be conducted as if 
there were an actual emergency.
    (d) Fire fighting drills and training shall be logged or otherwise 
documented for review by the Coast Guard upon request. The drill entry 
shall include the following information:
    (1) Date of the drill and training; and
    (2) General description of the drill scenario and training topics.



Sec. 185.530  Responsibilities of licensed individuals.

    Nothing in the emergency instructions or a station bill required by 
this subpart exempts any licensed individual from the exercise of good 
judgment in an emergency situation.

[[Page 284]]



                      Subpart F--Markings Required



Sec. 185.602  Hull markings.

    (a) This section applies to each vessel that fits into any one of 
the following categories:
    (1) A vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length.
    (2) A sailing vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length.
    (3) A vessel authorized to carry more than 12 passengers on an 
international voyage.
    (4) A vessel with more than 1 deck above the bulkhead deck exclusive 
of a pilot house.
    (b) Each vessel must be marked as required by part 67 in subchapter 
G of this chapter.
    (c) Each vessel that complies with the stability requirements of 
Secs. 170.170, 170.173, 171.050, 171.055, and 171.057 in subchapter S of 
this chapter, or in accordance with Sec. 178.310 of this chapter, must:
    (1) Have permanent draft marks at each end of the vessel; or
    (2) Have permanent loading marks placed on each side of the vessel 
forward, amidships, and aft to indicate the maximum allowable draft and 
trim.
    (d) A loading mark required by paragraph (c)(2) of this section must 
be a horizontal line of at least 205 millimeters (8 inches) in length 
and 25 millimeters (1 inch) in height, with its upper edge passing 
through the point of maximum draft. The loading mark must be painted in 
a contrasting color to the sideshell paint.
    (e) On a vessel that has a load line, the amidships marks required 
by paragraph (c)(2) of this section will be those required by the 1966 
International Load Line Convention.
    (f) In cases where draft marks are obscured due to operational 
constraints or by protrusions, the vessel must be fitted with a reliable 
draft indicating system from which the bow and stern drafts can be 
determined.
    (g) On a vessel on which the number of passengers permitted on upper 
decks is limited by stability criteria, as indicated by the vessel's 
stability letter, the maximum number of passengers allowed on an upper 
deck must be indicated by a durable marking of at least 25 millimeters 
(1 inch) numbers and letters at the entranceway to each such deck.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 1005, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24465, May 15, 1996]



Sec. 185.604  Lifesaving equipment markings.

    (a) The name of a vessel must be marked or painted in clearly 
legible letters and numbers at least 76 millimeters (3 inches) high:
    (1) On each side of the bow of each rescue boat; and
    (2) On each life float and buoyant apparatus.
    (b) Each life jacket, immersion suit, and ring life buoy must be 
marked in clearly legible block capital letters with the vessel's name. 
The marking is not required on a life jacket carried to meet a temporary 
need for additional life jackets, if the life jacket has the name of 
another vessel marked on it. For an immersion suit, the name of the 
person to whom the immersion suit is assigned is an acceptable 
alternative to the name of the vessel.
    (c) The name of the vessel must be marked or painted in clearly 
legible letters on each Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacon 
(EPIRB), except on an EPIRB in an inflatable liferaft.
    (d) The number of persons capacity must be marked or painted in 
clearly legible letters on each side of the bow of each rescue boat in 
letters and numbers at least 40 millimeters (1.5 inches) high.
    (e) The number of persons capacity must be marked or painted in 
clearly legible letters on each life float and buoyant apparatus in 
letters and numbers at least 40 millimeters (1.5 inches high). This 
number must:
    (1) Be the number of persons the device is equipped for; and
    (2) Not be greater than the number of persons the device is approved 
for as shown on its nameplate.
    (f) The number and identification of the items stowed inside, and 
their sizes, must be marked in clearly legible letters and numbers on 
each container for life jackets and immersion suits. Identification of 
the items may be in words, or the appropriate symbols in International 
Maritime Organization (IMO) Resolution A.760(18), ``Symbols

[[Page 285]]

Related to Life-Saving Appliances and Arrangements.'' Letters and 
numbers must be at least 50 millimeters (2 inches) high. Symbols must be 
at least 100 mm (4 inches) square.
    (g) The name of the vessel must be marked or painted in clearly 
legible letters on each life float paddle.
    (h) Each life jacket must be marked with Type I retroreflective 
material approved in accordance with Sec. 164.018 in subchapter Q of 
this chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant. The 
arrangement of the retroreflective material applied after March 11, 
1996, must be as specified by IMO Resolution A.658(16), ``Use and 
Fitting Of Retro-Reflective Materials on Life-Saving Appliances.''
    (i) Each rescue boat and ring life buoy must be marked with Type II 
retroreflective material approved in accordance with Sec. 164.018 in 
subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant. The arrangement of the retroreflective material applied 
after March 11, 1996, must be as specified by IMO Resolution A.658(16).



Sec. 185.606   Escape hatches and emergency exits.

    All escape hatches and other emergency exits used as means of escape 
must be marked on both sides in clearly legible letters at least 50 
millimeters (2 inches) high: ``EMERGENCY EXIT, KEEP CLEAR'', unless such 
markings are deemed unnecessary by the cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 185.608   Fuel shutoff valves.

    Remote fuel shutoff stations must be marked in clearly legible 
letters at least 25 millimeters (1 inch) high indicating purpose of the 
valve and direction of operation.



Sec. 185.610   Watertight doors and watertight hatches.

    Watertight doors and watertight hatches must be marked on both sides 
in clearly legible letters at least 25 millimeters (1 inch) high: 
``WATERTIGHT DOOR--KEEP CLOSED'' or ``WATERTIGHT HATCH--KEEP CLOSED'', 
unless such markings are deemed unnecessary by the cognizant OCMI.



Sec. 185.612   Fire protection equipment.

    (a) Complete but simple instructions for the operation of a fixed 
gas fire extinguishing system must be located in a conspicuous place at 
or near each pull box and stop valve control and in the space where the 
extinguishing agent cylinders are stored. If the storage cylinders are 
separate from the protected space, the instructions must also include a 
schematic diagram of the system and instructions detailing alternate 
methods of releasing the extinguishing agent should the local manual 
release or stop valve controls fail to operate. Each control valve to a 
distribution line must be marked to indicate the space served.
    (b) An alarm for a fixed gas fire extinguishing system must be 
clearly and conspicuously marked ``WHEN ALARM SOUNDS-VACATE AT ONCE. 
CARBON DIOXIDE BEING RELEASED''. Where a different extinguishing agent 
is installed, that agent shall be marked in place of ``carbon dioxide.''
    (c) Each distribution line valve of a fixed gas fire extinguishing 
system and the fire main, must be plainly, conspicuously, and 
permanently marked indicating the space served.
    (d) An alarm for an automatic sprinkler system must be conspicuously 
marked in clearly legible letters ``SPRINKLER ALARM''.
    (e) An alarm bell for a smoke detecting system must be conspicuously 
marked in clearly legible letters ``SMOKE DETECTION ALARM''.
    (f) A control cabinet or space containing valves, manifolds, or 
controls for any fixed gas fire extinguishing system must be 
conspicuously marked in clearly legible letters ``CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE 
EXTINGUISHING APPARATUS'', or as otherwise required by the cognizant 
OCMI. Where a different extinguishing agent is installed, that agent 
shall be marked in place of ``carbon dioxide.''



Sec. 185.614   Portable watertight container for distress flares and smoke signals.

    Portable watertight containers for distress flares and smoke signals 
shall be of a bright color, and containers

[[Page 286]]

shall be clearly marked in legible contrasting letters at least 12.7 
millimeters (0.5 inches) high: ``DISTRESS SIGNALS''.

[CGD 85-080, 61 FR 1005, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24465, May 15, 1996]



    Subpart G--Operational Readiness, Maintenance, and Inspection of 
                          Lifesaving Equipment



Sec. 185.700   Operational readiness.

    (a) Each launching appliance and each survival craft and rescue boat 
on a vessel must be in good working order and ready for immediate use 
before the vessel leaves port and at all times when the vessel is 
underway.
    (b) Each deck where survival craft or rescue boats are stowed or 
boarded must be kept clear of obstructions that would interfere with the 
boarding and launching of the survival craft or rescue boat.



Sec. 185.702   Maintenance.

    (a) The manufacturer's instructions for onboard maintenance of 
survival craft, rescue boats, and launching appliances, manufactured on 
or after March 11, 1996, must be onboard a vessel of more than 19.8 
meters (65 feet) in length and readily available for a vessel of not 
more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length. The instructions must also be 
readily available at each inspection for certification and reinspection.
    (b) The owner or managing operator shall make sure that maintenance 
is carried out in accordance with the instructions required under 
paragraph (a) of this section.
    (c) The cognizant OCMI may accept, instead of the instructions 
required under paragraph (a) of this section, a shipboard planned 
maintenance program that includes the items listed in that paragraph.
    (d) The inspection and maintenance of the equipment listed in 
paragraph (a) of this section shall be logged or otherwise documented 
for review by the Coast Guard upon request.



Sec. 185.704   Maintenance of falls.

    (a) Each fall used in a launching appliance on a vessel must be 
turned end for end at intervals of not more than 30 months.
    (b) Each fall must be renewed when necessary due to deterioration or 
at intervals of not more than 5 years, whichever is earlier.
    (c) Each fall must have a corrosion resistant tag with the following 
permanently marked on it:
    (1) The date the new fall was installed; and
    (2) If the fall has been turned end for end, the date it was turned.



Sec. 185.720   Weekly maintenance and inspections.

    The following tests and inspections must be carried out weekly on a 
vessel:
    (a) Each survival craft, rescue boat, and launching appliance must 
be visually inspected to ensure its readiness for use;
    (b) Each rescue boat engine must be run ahead and astern for not 
less than 3 minutes, unless the ambient temperature is below the minimum 
temperature required for starting the engine; and
    (c) Each battery for rescue boat engine starting must be brought up 
to full charge at least once each week if:
    (1) The battery is of a type that requires recharging; and
    (2) The battery is not connected to a device that keeps it 
continuously charged.



Sec. 185.722   Monthly inspections.

    Each survival craft, rescue boat, and launching appliance on a 
vessel must be inspected monthly, using the manufacturers instructions 
to make sure it is complete and in good order.



Sec. 185.724  Quarterly inspections.

    (a) Each winch control apparatus of a launching appliance on a 
vessel, including motor controllers, emergency switches, master 
switches, and limit switches, must be examined once in each 3 months.
    (b) The examination required by paragraph (a) of this section must 
include the removal of drain plugs and the opening of drain valves to 
make sure that enclosures are free of water.

[[Page 287]]



Sec. 185.726  Annual inspections.

    (a) Each rescue boat must be stripped, cleaned, and thoroughly 
inspected, and any necessary repairs made at least once each year, 
including emptying and cleaning of each fuel tank, and refilling it with 
fresh fuel.
    (b) Each davit, winch, fall and other launching appliance must be 
thoroughly inspected, and any necessary repairs made, at least once each 
year.
    (c) Each item of lifesaving equipment with an expiration date must 
be replaced during the annual inspection and repair if the expiration 
date has passed.
    (d) Each battery used in an item of lifesaving equipment, except 
inflatable survival craft equipment, must be replaced during the annual 
inspection if the expiration date of the battery has passed. The 
expiration date of the battery may be marked on the battery or the owner 
or managing operator may have a record of the expiration date from the 
manufacturer of a battery marked with a serial number.
    (e) Except for a storage battery used in a rescue boat, each battery 
without an expiration date indicated on it or for which the owner or 
managing operator does not have a record of the expiration date, used in 
an item of lifesaving equipment, must be replaced during the annual 
inspection.



Sec. 185.728  Testing and servicing of Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacons (EPIRB).

    The master of the vessel shall ensure that:
    (a) Each EPIRB, other than an EPIRB is an inflatable liferaft, must 
be tested monthly, using the integrated test circuit and output 
indicator, to determine that it is operative;
    (b) The EPIRB's battery is replaced after it is used, or before the 
date required by FCC regulations in 47 CFR part 80, whichever comes 
sooner; and
    (c) The EPIRB test required by paragraph (a) shall be logged or 
otherwise documented, as applicable.



Sec. 185.730  Servicing of inflatable liferafts, inflatable buoyant apparatus, inflatable life jackets, and inflated rescue boats.

    (a) Each inflatable liferaft, inflatable buoyant apparatus, 
inflatable life jacket, and hybrid inflatable life jacket or work vest 
must be serviced:
    (1) Within 12 months of its initial packing; and
    (2) Within 12 months of each subsequent servicing, except when 
servicing is delayed until the next scheduled inspection of the vessel, 
provided that the delay does not exceed 5 months.
    (b) Each inflatable liferaft and inflatable buoyant apparatus must 
be serviced:
    (1) Whenever the container of the raft is damaged, or the straps or 
seal are broken; and
    (2) In accordance with the servicing procedure under Sec. 160.151 in 
subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant.
    (c) Each inflatable life jacket must be serviced in accordance with 
the servicing procedure under Sec. 160.176 in subchapter Q of this 
chapter, or other standard specified by the Commandant.
    (d) Each hybrid inflatable life jacket or work vest must be serviced 
in accordance with the servicing procedure under Sec. 160.077 in 
subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard specified by the 
Commandant.
    (e) Repair and maintenance of inflated rescue boats must be in 
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. All repairs must be 
made at a servicing facility approved by the Commandant, except for 
emergency repairs carried out on board the vessel.



Sec. 185.740  Periodic servicing of hydrostatic release units.

    (a) Each hydrostatic release unit, other than a disposable unit, 
must be serviced:
    (1) Within 12 months of its manufacture and within 12 months of each 
subsequent servicing, except when servicing is delayed until the next 
scheduled inspection of the vessel, provided that the delay does not 
exceed 5 months; and

[[Page 288]]

    (2) In accordance with the repair and testing procedures under 
Sec. 160.062 in subchapter Q of this chapter, or other standard 
specified by the Commandant.
    (b) Each disposable hydrostatic release unit must be marked with an 
expiration date of two years after the date on which the unit is 
installed.



                          Subpart H--Penalties



Sec. 185.900  Penalty for violations.

    Violation of the provisions of this subchapter will subject the 
violator to the applicable penalty provisions of Subtitle II of Title 
46, United States Code.



Sec. 185.910  Suspension and revocation.

    An individual holding a license, certificate of registry, or 
merchant mariner's document who commits an act of misconduct, 
negligence, or incompetence, or who violates or fails to comply with 
this subchapter or any other law or regulation intending to promote 
marine safety, is subject to proceedings under the provisions of 46 
U.S.C. 7703 and part 5 of this chapter with respect to suspension or 
revocation of a license, certificate, or document.



PARTS 186--187  [RESERVED]




[[Page 289]]

                                  INDEX

        SUBCHAPTER T--SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS)

  Editorial Note: This listing is provided for informational purposes 
only. It is compiled and kept up-to-date by the Coast Guard, Department 
of Transportation.

                                 A

                                               Part, Subpart, or Section

Abandon ship and man overboard drills and training
                                                                 185.520
Accidents to machines
                                                                 185.208
Accommodation space, definition
                                                                 175.400
Accommodations, crew
                                                        177.700, 177.710
Accommodations, passenger
                                               177.800, 177.810, 177.820
Additional requirements (Lifesaving)
                                                                  180.25
Alcohol or drug use by individuals
                                                                 185.210
Alterations and repairs
                                                        176.700, 176.702
Alternative requirements for a vessel operating as other than a 
small passenger vessel
                                                                 176.114
Alternative standards (Electrical)
                                                                 183.130
Alternative standards (Machinery)
                                                                 182.130
American Boat and Yacht Council, Inc. (ABYC)
                                                                 175.600
American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)
                                                                 175.600
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
                                                                 175.600
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
                                                                 175.600
Appeals, right of
                                                                 175.560
Applicability of regulations (general)
                                                                 175.110
Applicability to existing vessels
 175.112, 177.115, 178.115, 179.115, 180.15, 181.115, 182.115, 183.115, 
                                                        184.115, 185.115
Approved equipment and material
                                                                 175.800
Auto pilot
                                                                 185.360
Auxiliary machinery
                                                                 182.310
Auxiliary means of steering
                                                                 182.620

                                 B

Ballast systems
                                                        178.510, 182.540
Batteries
                                               183.350, 183.352, 183.354
Bilge high level alarms
                                                                 182.530
Bilge piping system
                                                                 182.510
Bilge pumps
                                                                 182.520
Boilers, auxiliary; installation
                                                                 182.310
Boilers, inspection
                                                                 176.812
Boilers, propulsion
                                                                 182.220
Bulbous bow, definition
                                                                 175.400
Bulkhead, collision
                                179.210, 179.310, 182.510(d), 185.335(c)
Bulkhead deck
                                                                 179.220
Bulkhead deck, definition
                                                                 175.400
Bulkheads, watertight:
Exhaust piping passage through...............................182.430 (g)
For subdivision..............................179.212, 179.220, 180.15(c)
Penetrations by nonmetallic pipe systems...................182.720(d)(1)
Watertight integrity.............................................179.320
Buoyant apparatus:

[[Page 290]]

Equipment for....................................................180.175
General..........................................................180.200
Stowage..........................................................180.137
Use on existing vessel.........................................180.15(d)

                                 C

Cable, definition
                                                                 175.400
Cable and wiring
                                                                 183.340
Carbon dioxide extinguishing system (Fixed):
Amount of CO2 gas required....................................181.410(f)
Closure of openings...............................182.460(l), 182.465(h)
Controls.............................................181.410(b), 185.612
Cylinders.....................................................181.410(c)
Discharge outlets.............................................181.410(f)
Piping........................................................181.410(d)
Servicing........................................................176.810
Where required...................................................181.400
Carburetors
                                                                 182.415
Cargo space, definition
                                                                 175.400
Carriage of passengers for hire, definition
                                                                 175.400
Casualty, notice of
                                                                 185.202
Certificate of inspection:
Amendment........................................................176.120
Application for..................................................176.105
Compliance with provisions of....................................185.310
Description......................................................176.103
How to obtain or renew...........................................176.105
Passengers permitted.............................................176.113
Period of validity...............................................176.107
Permit to carry excursion party..................................176.204
Permit to proceed................................................176.202
Posting..........................................................176.302
Routes permitted.................................................176.110
Subsequent inspections for.......................................176.404
Total persons permitted..........................................176.112
When required....................................................176.100
Certificates, International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, 
as amended (SOLAS):
Duration......................................................176.910(c)
Exemption Certificate............................................176.920
Passenger Ship Safety Certificate................................176.910
Certification expiration date stickers
                                                                 176.310
Charts
                                                                 184.420
Circuit breakers
                                                                 183.380
Classification societies, recognized:
Adoption of standards...................................175.600, 177.300
Coast Guard District Commander, definition
                                                                 175.400
Coast Pilot
                                                                 184.420
Coastwise, definition
                                                                 175.400
Cockpit vessel, definition
                                                                 175.400
Cold water, definition
                                                                 175.400
Collision bulkhead
                                179.210, 179.310, 182.510(d), 185.335(c)
Commandant, definition
                                                                 175.400
Communication system:
Engineroom....................................................184.602(c)
Internal.........................................................184.602
Public address...................................................184.610

[[Page 291]]

Testing of.......................................................185.320
Compass
                                                                 184.402
Compressed natural gas (CNG)
                                                                 184.240
Consideration, definition
                                                                 175.400
Construction and arrangement:
Alternate design considerations..................................177.340
Applicability to existing vessels................................177.115
Collision bulkhead......................................179.210, 179.310
Crew accommodations.....................................177.700, 177.710
Deck rails.......................................................177.900
Guards for exposed hazards.......................................177.960
Hull structure.................................177.300, 177.310, 177.315
Means of escape..................................................177.500
Passenger accommodation.................................177.800, 177.810
Plans............................................................177.202
Plans for sister vessels.........................................177.210
Sailing Vessels..................................................177.330
Seating..........................................................177.820
Storm rails......................................................177.920
Structural design................................................177.300
Vehicles, guards, rails, etc., for runways on vessels............177.960
Ventilation for enclosed spaces..................................177.600
Ventilation of machinery and fuel tank spaces....................177.620
Cooking and heating:
Equipment........................................................184.220
Gas systems......................................................184.240
General..........................................................184.200
Restrictions.....................................................184.202
Structural fire protection.......................................177.410
Corrosion-resistant material, definition
                                                                 175.400
Crew accommodation space, definition
                                                                 175.400
Crew accommodations
                                                        177.700, 177.710
Crew and passenger list
                                                                 185.502
Crew training
                                                                 185.420
Current tables
                                                                 184.420
Custom engineered, definition
                                                                 175.400
Cylinders:
Fire extinguishing equipment.....................................176.810
Fixed fire extinguishing systems:
Controls......................................................181.410(b)
Installation..................................................181.410(d)
Storage room, location on instructions........................181.410(c)

                                 D

Dead cover, definition
                                                                 175.400
Deck area criterion
                                                                 176.113
Deck rails
                                                                 177.900
Definition of terms used
                                                                 175.400
Diesel:
Engine cooling...................................................182.420
Engine exhaust cooling...........................................182.425
Engine exhaust pipe installation.................................182.430
Fuel supply piping...............................................182.455
Ventilation of machinery spaces..................................182.465
Ventilation of fuel tank spaces..................................182.470
Discharge outlets (Carbon dioxide)
                                                              181.410(f)
Distress signals
                                                         180.68, 185.614

[[Page 292]]

Distribution panel, definition
                                                                 175.400
Doors, loading
                                                                 185.335
Draft, definition
                                                                 175.400
Drainage of weather decks:
Calculation of drainage area.....................................178.450
Cockpit vessels..................................................178.420
Flush deck vessels...............................................178.410
Open boats.......................................................178.440
Well deck vessels................................................178.430
Drills and training:
Abandon ship and man overboard...................................185.520
Fire fighting....................................................185.524
Dripproof, definition
                                                                 175.400
Dry-docking or hauling out:
Extension of interval............................................176.670
Notice of........................................................176.612
Scope of dry-dock examination....................................176.610
When required....................................................176.600

                                 E

Electrical installation:
Alternative standards............................................183.130
Applicability to existing vessels................................183.115
Batteries......................................183.350, 183.352, 183.354
Cable and wiring requirements....................................183.340
Cooking equipment................................................184.220
Circuit breakers.................................................183.380
Disconnect switches and devices..................................183.380
Distribution panels and switchboards.............................183.330
Dual voltage generators..........................................183.324
Enclosures....................................................183.220(e)
Equipment and conductor grounding................................183.372
General design, installation, and maintenance requirements.......183.200
General grounding requirements...................................183.370
General safety provisions........................................183.220
Generators and motors...................................183.320, 183.322
Grounded distribution systems....................................183.376
Heating equipment................................................184.210
Name plates...................................................183.320(d)
Overcurrent protection...........................................183.380
Protection from wet and corrosive environments...................183.210
Shore power......................................................183.390
Radiotelephone installations.....................................183.392
Electrical material inspection
                                                                 176.806
Electronic position fixing devices
                                                                 184.410
Elevators
                                                                 183.540
Embarkation station, definition
                                                                 175.400
Emergency broadcast placards
                                                                 184.506
Emergency instructions
                                                        185.510, 185.512
Emergency lighting
                                                                 183.432
Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacon (EPIRB)
                                                                  180.64
Testing and maintenance..........................................185.728
Enclosed space, definition
                                                                 175.400
Engineroom communication system
                                                              184.602(c)
Equivalents
                                                                 175.540
Escape, means of
                                                                 177.500
Exemption Certificate
                                                              176.920(d)

[[Page 293]]

Exhaust cooling
                                                                 182.425
Exhaust pipe installations
                                                                 182.430
Existing vessel, definition
                                                                 175.400
Existing waters, definition
                                                                 175.400

                                 F

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
                                                                 184.502
Ferries carrying vehicles
                                                                 177.940
Ferry, definition
                                                                 177.400
Fiber reinforced plastic, definition
                                                                 175.400
Fire axe
                                                                 181.600
Fire bucket
                                                                 181.610
Fire extinguishers, portable:
Installation and location........................................181.520
Required number, type, and location..............................181.500
Fire extinguishing equipment
                                                                 176.810
Fire extinguishing system, fixed:
Amount of CO2 gas required....................................181.410(f)
Closure of openings...............................182.460(l), 182.465(h)
Controls.............................................181.410(b), 185.612
Cylinders (see also Cylinders)................................181.410(c)
Discharge outlets.............................................181.410(f)
Piping........................................................181.410(d)
Pre-engineered...................................................181.420
Type required....................................................181.410
Where required...................................................181.400
Fire main system:
Fire hoses and nozzles...........................................181.320
Fire main and hydrants...........................................181.310
Fire pumps.......................................................181.300
Fire protection equipment, general:
Applicability to existing vessels................................181.115
Approved type....................................................175.800
Installed but not required.......................................181.120
Inspection requirements..........................................176.810
Structural fire protection.......................................177.410
Fire pumps
                                                                 181.300
First aid kits
                                                                 184.710
Fixed seating criterion
                                                                 176.113
Flammable vapor detection systems
                                                                 182.480
Flash point, definition
                                                                 175.400
Float-free, definition
                                                                 175.400
Flush deck vessel, definition
                                                                 175.400
Foam flotation material
                                                                 179.240
Freeing port, definition
                                                                 175.400
Fueling operations
                                                                 185.350
Fuel piping
                                                                 182.455
Fuel restrictions
                                                                 182.405
Fuel shutoff valves:
Where required.............................................182.455(b)(4)
Marking..........................................................185.608
Fuel systems (Portable)
                                                                 182.458
Fuel tanks:
Fill and sounding pipes..........................................182.455
Independent......................................................182.440
Integral.........................................................182.435
Vent pipes.......................................................182.450

[[Page 294]]

Fuses
                                                              183.380(l)

                                 G

Galley, definition
                                                                 175.400
Galley hood fire extinguishing systems
                                                                 181.425
Gasoline engines:
Alternative standards............................................182.130
Applicability....................................................182.400
Carburetors......................................................182.415
Engine cooling...................................................182.420
Engine exhaust cooling...........................................182.425
Engine exhaust pipe installation.................................182.430
Ventilation of machinery or fuel tank spaces.....................182.460
Gasoline fuel supply piping
                                                                 182.455
Gauges, propulsion engines
                                                              182.410(b)
General alarm systems
                                                                 183.550
Generators and motors
                                                        183.320, 183.322
Great Lakes, definition
                                                                 175.400
Gross tonnage, definition
                                                                 175.400
Gross tonnage as criterion for requirements
                                                                 175.200
Grounded distribution system
                                                                 183.376
Guards for exposed hazards
                                                                 177.960
Guards in vehicle spaces
                                                                 177.940

                                 H

Halon:
Fixed fire extinguishing system......................181.410(g), 181.420
Portable extinguishers...........................................176.810
Harbor of safe refuge, definition
                                                                 175.400
Hatches:
Closure of.......................................................185.512
Escape..................................................177.500, 185.606
Installation of storm rails or hand grabs........................177.920
Watertight..............................................179.360, 185.610
Hauling out, dry-docking
                                                                 176.600
Hazardous areas
                                                                 183.530
Hazardous condition, definition
                                                                 175.400
Heaters, water
                                                                 182.320
Heating and cooking:
Equipment...............................................184.210, 184.220
Gas systems......................................................184.240
General..........................................................184.200
Restrictions.....................................................184.202
Structural fire protection.......................................177.410
High seas, definition
                                                                 175.400
High Speed Craft
                                                                 175.540
High Speed Craft, definition
                                                                 175.400
Hose:
Flexible......................................................182.410(d)
Fire.............................................................181.320
Fuel..............................................182.720(b), 182.720(e)
Hot work
                                                                 176.710
Hull inspection
                                                                 176.802
Hull markings
                                                                 185.602
Hull structural design
                                                                 177.300
Hydrants, fire
                                                                 181.310

[[Page 295]]

Hydraulic accumulators
                                                                 176.812
Hydrostatic release units
                                                                 185.740

                                 I

Incorporation by reference
                                                                 175.600
Independent laboratory, definition
                                                                 175.400
Independent modular smoke detecting units
                                                                 181.450
Inflatable buoyant apparatus:
Embarkation arrangements.........................................180.150
Equipment........................................................180.175
Inspection.......................................................176.808
Placards.........................................................185.518
Servicing........................................................185.730
Stowage..........................................................180.130
Where required...................................................180.200
Inflatable survival craft, definition
                                                                 175.400
Inspection of vessels:
Additional tests and inspections.................................176.840
Annual...........................................................185.726
Assignment of marine inspector................................176.400(b)
Electrical.......................................................176.806
Fire extinguishing equipment.....................................176.810
Hull.............................................................176.802
Initial inspection for certification.............................176.402
Inspection standards.............................................176.800
Lifesaving equipment.............................................176.808
Machinery........................................................176.804
Miscellaneous systems and equipment..............................176.816
Monthly..........................................................185.722
Notice of deficiencies and requirements..........................176.801
Pressure vessels and boilers.....................................176.812
Quarterly........................................................185.724
Reinspection............................................176.500, 176.502
Renewal of certificate...........................................176.404
Repairs and alterations..........................................176.700
Sanitary inspection..............................................176.818
Special consideration............................................175.550
Steering systems.................................................176.814
Unsafe practices.................................................176.830
Weekly and maintenance...........................................185.720
Intact stability standard:
Applicability....................................................178.310
Requirements.....................................................178.320
Requirements for a sailing vessel................................178.325
Simplified proof test............................................178.330
Standard for pontoon vessels on protected waters.................178.340
International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS):
Applicability....................................................176.900
International voyage, definition
                                                                 175.400
International voyages:
Applicability.....................................................180.10
Hull markings on vessels.........................................185.602
Survival craft....................................................180.10
Passengers.......................................................176.900

[[Page 296]]

                                 K

Keel and grid cooler installation
                                                                 182.422

                                 L

Ladders
                                                              177.500(j)
Lakes, bays and sounds, definition
                                                                 175.400
Launching appliance, definition
                                                                 175.400
Length, definition
                                                                 175.400
Length between perpendiculars (LBP), definition
                                                                 175.400
Length of rail criterion
                                                                 176.113
Licenses:
Exhibition of....................................................185.402
Suspension or revocation of......................................185.910
Lifeboat winches
                                                                 183.520
Life floats, equipment for
                                                                 180.175
Life floats, general
                                                                 180.200
Life jacket lights
                                                                  180.75
Life jacket placards
                                                                 185.516
Life jackets
                                                                  180.71
Life jackets, inspection of
                                                              176.808(e)
Life jackets, stowage of
                                                                  180.78
Life jackets, wearing of
                                                                 185.508
Lifeline
                                                   180.70(c), 180.175(e)
Liferafts:
Embarkation arrangements.........................................180.150
Equipment........................................................180.175
Inspection.......................................................176.808
Placards.........................................................185.518
Servicing........................................................185.730
Stowage..........................................................180.130
Where required...................................................180.200
Lifesaving equipment:
Applicability to existing vessels.................................180.15
Approved.........................................................175.800
For vessels in Great Lakes service...............................180.206
For vessels in lakes, bays, and sounds service...................180.207
For vessels in ocean service.....................................180.202
For vessels in coastwise service.................................180.204
For vessels in limited coastwise service.........................180.205
For vessels in river service.....................................180.208
Inspection of....................................................176.808
Installed but not required........................................180.25
Life jackets, number required.....................................180.71
Life jackets, type required.......................................180.71
Marking.......................................................185.604(b)
Personal flotation devices carried in addition to life jackets....180.72
Pyrotechnic distress signals......................................180.68
Rescue boats.....................................................180.210
Ring life buoys and water lights..................................180.70
Stowage of life floats and buoyant apparatus.....................180.137
Stowage of life jackets...........................................180.78
Stowage of survival craft........................................180.130
Substitutions....................................................180.200
Light lists
                                                                 184.420
Lighting, emergency
                                                                 183.432
Lighting, fixtures
                                                                 183.410

[[Page 297]]

Lighting, portable
                                                                 183.430
Limited coastwise, definition
                                                                 175.400
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
                                                                 184.240
Load Line Certificate
                                                                 176.612
Load lines
                                                                 175.122
Loading doors
                                                                 185.335

                                 M

Machinery, material inspection
                                                                 176.804
Machinery installation:
Applicability to existing vessels................................182.115
Auxiliary machinery..............................................182.310
Machinery requirements, specific:
Engine cooling...................................................182.420
Exhaust cooling..................................................182.425
Exhaust pipe installation........................................182.430
Fuel tanks, independent..........................................182.440
Fuel tanks, integral.............................................182.435
Pipes, filling and sounding......................................182.445
Pipes, vent......................................................182.450
Piping, fuel.....................................................182.455
Portable fuel systems............................................182.458
Ventilation of compartments....................182.460, 182.465, 182.470
Machinery using gasoline as fuel:
Applicability....................................................182.400
Carburetors......................................................182.415
Flammable vapor detectors........................................182.480
Fueling..........................................................185.350
Ventilation of compartments.............................182.460, 185.352
Machinery spaces, definition
                                                                 175.400
Main transverse watertight bulkhead, definition
                                                                 175.400
Maintenance of falls
                                                                 185.704
Major conversion, definition
                                                                 175.400
Mandatory chemical testing following serious marine incidents
                                                                 185.212
Marine inspector or inspector, definition
                                                                 175.400
Marine sanitation devices
                                                                 184.704
Marking required:
Escape hatches and emergency exits...............................185.606
Fire protection equipment........................................185.612
Fuel shutoff valves..............................................185.608
Hull markings....................................................185.602
Lifesaving gear..................................................185.604
Portable watertight container for distress flares and smoke 
signals..........................................................185.614
Watertight doors and watertight hatches..........................185.610
Master:
Definition.......................................................175.400
Duties:
Accidents to machinery...........................................185.208
Alcohol or drug use by individuals directly involved in casualties
                                                                 185.210
Closure of loading doors.........................................185.335
Designation of watchman..........................................185.410
Drills............................................185.520(a), 185.524(a)
Emergency instructions, preparation and posting..................185.510
Navigation underway..............................................185.304
Notice of casualty...............................................185.202

[[Page 298]]

Notice of hazardous conditions...................................185.203
Permission for repairs and alterations...........................176.700
Securing of hatches..............................................185.330
Testing of:
  Communications systems.........................................185.320
  Emergency position indicating radiobeacon (EPIRB)..........185.726(d), 
                                                                 185.728
  Propulsion controls............................................185.320
  Signaling whistle..............................................185.320
  Steering gear..................................................185.320
Use of auto pilot................................................185.360
Verification of compliance with applicable stability requirements 
                                                                 185.315
Vessels carrying vehicles........................................185.340
Written report of marine casualty................................185.206
Exclusion as passenger...........................................175.400
Prohibition from operation of vessel without certification of 
expiration date sticker affixed..................................176.310
Mate:
Changeover from automatic to manual steering and vice versa......185.360
Means of escape, definition
                                                                 175.400
Mooring equipment
                                                                 184.300
Motors and generators (50 volts or more)
                                                        183.320, 183.322
Motors and generators (less than 50 volts)
                                                        183.320, 183.322

                                 N

Name plates, electrical equipment
                                                              183.320(c)
National Electrical Code
                                               175.600, 183.340, 183.372
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
                                               175.600, 184.200, 184.240
Nautical publications
                                                                 184.420
Navigation lights
                                                                 183.420
Noncombustible material, definition
                                                                 175.400
Non-self-propelled vessel, definition
                                                                 175.400
Notice of casualty
                                                                 185.202

                                 O

Oceans, definition
                                                                 175.400
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI), definition
                                                                 175.400
Officers' licenses, exhibition of
                                                                 185.402
Officers' responsibilities in emergencies
                                                                 185.530
Oil pollution prevention equipment and procedures
                                                                 184.702
OMB control numbers
                                                                 175.900
Open boat, definition
                                                                 175.400
Open deck, definition
                                                                 175.400
Open to the atmosphere, definition
                                                                 175.400
Openings in the side of a vessel below bulkhead or weather deck 
                                                                 179.350
Operating station, definition
                                                                 175.400
Operating station visibility
                                                                177.1030
Outlets, discharge
                                                              181.410(f)
Overnight accommodations (space), definition
                                                                 175.400

                                 P

Paddle
                                                                 180.175
Painter
                                                                 180.175
Partially enclosed space, definition
                                                                 175.400
Partially protected waters, definition
                                                                 175.400
Passenger accommodation space, definition
                                                                 175.400

[[Page 299]]

Passenger, accommodations
                                                                 177.810
Passenger count
                                                                 185.504
Passenger, definition
                                                                 175.400
Passenger for hire, definition
                                                                 175.400
Passenger safety orientation
                                                                 185.506
Passenger Ship Safety Certificate
                                                          176.910(a)&(b)
Passengers, number permitted
                                                                 176.113
Penalties
                                                        185.900, 185.910
Permit to carry excursion party
                                                                 176.204
Permit to proceed to another port for repair
                                                        176.202, 176.302
Pilothouse control, definition
                                                                 175.400
Piping:
Bilge............................................................182.510
Diesel engine cooling...................................182.420, 182.425
Diesel engine exhaust installation...............................182.430
Diesel fuel supply...............................................182.455
Filling and sounding pipes for diesel fuel tanks.................182.445
Filling and sounding pipes for gasoline fuel tanks...............182.445
Fixed gas fire extinguishing system..............................181.410
Gasoline engine exhaust installation....................182.425, 182.430
Gasoline fuel supply.............................................182.455
Vent pipes for diesel fuel tanks.................................182.450
Vent pipes for gasoline fuel tanks...............................182.450
Piping materials, nonferrous metallic
                                                                 182.730
Piping materials, nonmetallic
                                                                 182.700
General.................................................182.700, 182.720
Non-vital systems.......................................182.715, 182.720
Vital systems...........................................182.710, 182.720
Piping system, definition
                                                                 175.400
Plans, submission for approval
                                                                 177.202
Port light, definition
                                                                 175.400
Posting:
Certificate of inspection........................................176.302
Convention certificates..........................................176.302
Placards containing instructions for launching and inflating 
inflatable life rafts............................................185.518
Stability letters................................................176.306
Pre-engineered, definition
                                                                 175.400
Prescription of regulations by Commandant in this subchapter
                                                                 175.200
Pressure vessels
                                                        176.812, 182.330
Propulsion engine control system
                                                                 184.620
Propulsion machinery
                                                        182.200, 182.220
Protected waters, definition
                                                                 175.400
Public address system
                                                                 184.610
Pumps:
Bilge............................................................182.520
Fire, hand.......................................................181.610
Fire, power......................................................181.300
Pyrotechnic distress signals
                                                                  180.68

                                 R

Radar
                                                                 184.404
Radio
                                                                 184.502
Radio-phone equipment (less than 50 volts)
                                                                 183.392
Rafts
                                                                 180.200
Rails and guards
                                               177.900, 177.920, 177.940
Records, retaining of voyage
                                                        185.220, 185.280

[[Page 300]]

Reporting of casualty
                                                        185.206, 185.260
Responsibilities of officers in emergencies
                                                                 185.530
Restrictions, cooking and heating
                                      184.200, 184.202, 184.210, 184.240
Reinspection
                                                        176.500, 176.502
Repairs and alterations
                                                                 176.700
Report of Violation (ROV)
                                                                 176.801
Rescue boat
                                                                 180.210
Right of appeal
                                                                 175.560
Ring life buoys
                                                                  180.70
Rivers, definition
                                                                 175.400

                                 S

Safety glazing materials
                                                                177.1010
Safety valve seals
                                                                 176.704
Sailing vessel, definition
                                                                 175.400
Sanitary inspection
                                                                 176.818
Scantlings, definition
                                                                 175.400
Scupper, definition
                                                                 175.400
Seating, fixed
                                                        176.113, 177.820
Self-bailing cockpit, definition
                                                                 175.400
Semiconductor rectifier systems
                                                                 183.360
Ship's service loads, definition
                                                                 175.400
Shore power (50 volts or more)
                                                                 183.390
Short international voyage, definition
                                                                 175.400
Signaling whistle tests
                                                                 185.320
Smoke detecting units
                                                                 181.450
Special consideration
                                                                 175.550
Specific applicability or individual parts
                                                                 175.112
Sprinkling system, manual
                                                              181.400(g)
Stability letter
                                                        176.306, 178.230
Stability requirements, verification of vessel compliance with
                                                                 185.315
Stairway, definition
                                                                 175.400
Standards, industrial; adoption of
                                                        175.600, 176.800
Steel or equivalent material, definition
                                                                 175.400
Steering apparatus
                                                        176.814, 182.610
Steering gear tests
                                                                 185.320
Storm rails
                                                                 177.920
Structural standards
                                                        177.300, 177.330
Survival craft, definition
                                                                 175.400
Survival craft embarkation arrangements
                                                                 180.150
Survival craft equipment
                                                                 180.175
Suspension and revocation
                                                                 185.910
Switchboard, definition
                                                                 175.400
Switchboards (less than 50 volts)
                                                                 183.330

                                 T

Tailshaft examinations
                                                                 176.630
Tank fuel:
Diesel..................................................182.435, 182.440
Gasoline.........................................................182.440
Tests:
Communication systems............................................185.320
Controls.........................................................185.320
Emergency position indicating radiobeacon (EPIRB)....185.726(d), 185.728
Signaling whistle................................................185.320
Steering gear....................................................185.320

[[Page 301]]

Tide tables
                                                                 184.420
Toilet space
                                                                 175.400
Trunk, definition
                                                                 175.400
Trunks
                                                                 179.340

                                 U

Underwriters' Laboratory, Inc. (UL).
                                               175.600, 183.340, 183.410

                                 V

Vehicle space, definition
                                                                 175.400
Ventilation:
Compartments containing diesel fuel tanks...............177.620, 182.470
Compartments containing diesel machinery................177.620, 182.465
Compartments containing gasoline machinery or fuel tanks........177.600, 
                                                        182.460, 185.352
Spaces other than machinery spaces...............................177.600
Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability 
requirements
                                                                 185.315
Vessel:
Definition.......................................................175.400
Of the United States, definition.................................175.400
On an international voyage.......................................175.120
Prohibited use of................................................185.370
Subject to the requirements of International Convention for Safety 
of Life at Sea, 1974, (SOLAS)
                                                        176.900, 176.920
Voyages, international
Hull markings on vessels.........................................185.602
Survival craft....................................................180.10
Passengers.......................................................176.900
Voyages, retaining of records of
                                                                 185.220

                                 W

Warm water, definition
                                                                 175.400
Watchmen, duties of
                                                                 185.410
Waterlights
                                                      180.70, 180.175(e)
Watertight, definition
                                                                 175.400
Watertight bulkheads/doors
                                                        179.320, 179.330
Watertight doors and watertight hatches, markings on
                                                                 185.610
Watertight integrity
                                                                 179.360
Weather deck, definition
                                                                 175.400
Weathertight, definition
                                                                 175.400
Well deck vessel, definition
                                                                 175.400
Winches, lifeboat
                                                                 183.520
Wire, definition
                                                                 175.400
Wiring, size, insulation, etc. for lighting and power wiring (less 
than 50 volts)
                                                                 183.340
Wiring installation:
Conductors..............................................183.340, 183.370
Grounding...............................................183.340, 183.370
Lighting and power (less than 50 volts).................183.340, 183.370
Methods and material (50 volts or more).................183.340, 183.410
Wiring joints and splices...............................183.340, 183.370
Work space, definition
                                                                 175.400
Work vests
                                                                  180.72

[[Page 302]]



              SUBCHAPTER U--OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS





PART 188--GENERAL PROVISIONS--Table of Contents




                  Subpart 188.01--Authority and Purpose

Sec.
188.01-1  Purpose of regulations.
188.01-3  Scope of regulations.
188.01-5  Assignment of functions.
188.01-7  Right of appeal.
188.01-15  OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork 
          Reduction Act.

                       Subpart 188.05--Application

188.05-1  Vessels subject to requirements of this subchapter.
188.05-2  Exemptions from inspection laws for oceanographic research 
          vessels and terms and conditions which apply in lieu thereof.
188.05-3  New vessels and existing vessels for the purpose of 
          application of regulations in this subchapter.
188.05-5  Specific application noted in text.
188.05-7  Ocean or unlimited coastwise vessels on inland and Great Lakes 
          routes.
188.05-10  Application to vessels on an international voyage.
188.05-30  Portable tanks--interpretive rulings.
188.05-33  Scientific personnel--interpretive rulings.
188.05-35  Load lines--interpretive ruling.

      Subpart 188.10--Definitions of Terms Used in This Subchapter

188.10-1  Approved.
188.10-3  Approved container.
188.10-5  Barge.
188.10-6  Captain of the Port.
188.10-7  Chemical stores.
188.10-9  Chemical storeroom.
188.10-11  Chemistry laboratory.
188.10-13  Coast Guard District Commander.
188.10-15  Coastwise.
188.10-17  Combustible liquid.
188.10-19  Commandant.
188.10-21  Compressed gas.
188.10-23  Corrosive liquids.
188.10-25  Explosive.
188.10-27  Flammable liquid.
188.10-31  Great Lakes.
188.10-33  Headquarters.
188.10-35  International voyage.
188.10-37  Label.
188.10-39  Lakes, bays, and sounds.
188.10-41  Liquefied compressed gas.
188.10-43  Liquefied flammable gas.
188.10-45  Marine inspector or inspector.
188.10-49  Numbered vessel.
188.10-51  Ocean.
188.10-53  Oceanographic research vessel.
188.10-55  Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
188.10-56  Pilot boarding equipment and point of access.
188.10-57  Portable tank.
188.10-59  Recognized classification society.
188.10-61  Rivers.
188.10-65  Seagoing barge.
188.10-67  Scientific equipment.
188.10-69  Scientific laboratory.
188.10-71  Scientific personnel.
188.10-73  Ships' stores and supplies.
188.10-75  Undocumented vessel.
188.10-77  Vessel.

                       Subpart 188.15--Equivalents

188.15-1  Conditions under which equivalents may be used.
188.15-5  Design of vessels.

         Subpart 188.20--General Marine Engineering Requirements

188.20-1  Marine engineering details.

       Subpart 188.25--General Electrical Engineering Requirements

188.25-1  Electrical engineering details.

         Subpart 188.27--Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements

188.27-1  Lifesaving appliances and arrangements.

         Subpart 188.35--American Bureau of Shipping's Standards

188.35-1  Standards to be used.
188.35-5  Where obtainable.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2113, 3306; 49 U.S.C. 5103, 5106; E.O. 12234, 
45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, unless otherwise 
noted.



                  Subpart 188.01--Authority and Purpose



Sec. 188.01-1  Purpose of regulations.

    The purpose of the regulations in this subchapter is to set forth 
uniform minimum requirements for oceanographic research vessels 
designated in accordance with Sec. 3.10-1 of this title and subject to 
Coast Guard inspection requirements. The requirements in this subchapter 
are prescribed in accordance

[[Page 303]]

with the intent of Title 52 of the Revised Statutes and acts amendatory 
thereof or supplementary thereto which govern inspection and 
certification of vessels, and provide for oceanographic research vessel 
exemptions from specific statutory requirements when they are found ``* 
* * not necessary in the performance of the mission of the vessel, * * 
*''. In addition, they specify the terms and conditions applicable to 
such vessels as authorized by section 445 of Title 46, United States 
Code (Pub. L. 89-99). The regulations are necessary to carry out the 
provisions of applicable laws governing inspection and certification of 
oceanographic research vessels and have the force of law.

[CGD 77-081, 46 FR 56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.01-3   Scope of regulations.

    (a) The regulations in this subchapter contain requirements for 
materials, design, construction, equipment, lifesaving appliances and 
procedures, fire protection, and fire prevention procedures, inspection 
and certification, and special operational requirements for 
oceanographic research vessels, including the handling, use, and control 
of explosives and other dangerous articles or substances.
    (b) The regulations in this subchapter are deemed to be necessary 
when ``* * * a vessel * * * is being employed exclusively in instruction 
in oceanography or limnology, or both, or exclusively in oceanographic 
research * * *.'' If or when a vessel is not so exclusively employed and 
engages in any trade or commerce then the provisions of sections 441 
through 445 of 46 United States Code (Pub. L. 89-99), are not applicable 
and such a vessel shall be subject to the applicable provisions of laws 
and other regulations in this chapter governing such activities.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.01-5   Assignment of functions.

    (a) The Department of Transportation Act (Pub. L. 89-670, 80 Stat. 
931-950, 49 U.S.C. 1651-1659), transferred to and vested in the 
Secretary of Transportation ``* * * all functions, powers, and duties, 
relating to the Coast Guard, of the Secretary of the Treasury and of 
other officers and offices of the Department of the Treasury'' 
(subsection 6(b)(1), 49 U.S.C. 1655(b)). This transfer is subject to 
certain conditions, modifications, and exceptions as set forth in such 
act. By a rule in 49 CFR 1.4(a) the Secretary of Transportation 
delegated to the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, authority to exercise 
certain functions, powers, and duties as set forth in subsections 
6(a)(4), 6(b)(1) and 6(g) of such act (49 U.S.C. 1655), subject to 
conditions, exceptions and modifications as described in 49 CFR part 1. 
By a rule in 49 CFR 1.9 the Secretary of Transportation continued in 
effect actions taken prior to April 1, 1967.
    (b) The Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, in a notice dated March 31, 
1967, and effective April 1, 1967 (32 FR 5611), approved the 
continuation of orders, rules, regulations, policies, procedures, 
privileges, waivers, and other actions, which had been made, allowed, 
granted, or issued prior to April 1, 1967, and provided that they shall 
continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, 
repealed, superseded, or set aside by appropriate authority.

[CGFR 68-32, 33 FR 5729, Apr. 12, 1968]



Sec. 188.01-7  Right of appeal.

    Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under 
this subchapter, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal 
therefrom in accordance with subchapter 1.03 of this chapter.

[CGD 88-033, 54 FR 50382, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec. 188.01-15  OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act.

    (a) Purpose. This section collects and displays the control numbers 
assigned to information collection and recordkeeping requirements in 
this subchapter by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to 
the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). The Coast 
Guard intends that this section comply with the requirements of 44 
U.S.C. 3507(f), which requires that agencies display a current control 
number assigned by the

[[Page 304]]

Director of the OMB for each approved agency information collection 
requirement.
    (b) Display.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Current OMB
    46 CFR part or section where identified or described     control No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.  189.40-3.............................................   2115--0554
Sec.  189.40-5.............................................   2115--0554
Sec.  196.15-7.............................................   2115--0589
Sec.  196.15-18............................................   2115--0589
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[CGD 88-072, 53 FR 34298, Sept. 6, 1988, as amended by CGD 89-037, 57 FR 
41828, Sept. 11, 1992]



                       Subpart 188.05--Application



Sec. 188.05-1   Vessels subject to requirements of this subchapter.

    (a) This subchapter shall be applicable to all U.S.-flag vessels 
indicated in Column 7 of Table 188.05-1(a) to the extent prescribed by 
applicable laws and the regulations in this subchapter, except as 
follows:
    (1) Any foreign vessel.
    (2) Any vessel operating exclusively on inland waters which are not 
navigable waters of the United States.
    (3) Any vessel while laid up and dismantled and out of commission.
    (4) With the exception of vessels of the U.S. Maritime 
Administration, any vessel with title vested in the United States and 
which is used for public purposes.

[[Page 305]]



                                                                                        Table 188.05-1(a)                                                                                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                      Classes of vessels (including motorboats) examined or inspected under various Coast Guard regulations1                    
                                                ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        Vessels inspected and                                                                                                   
                                                                         certificated under          Vessels                                                                     Vessels subject
                                 Size or other    Vessels inspected     either Subchapter H--     inspected and                                  Vessels subject to provisions       to the     
     Method of propulsion        limitations1      and certificated           Passenger           certificated    Vessels subject to provisions        of Subchapter U--          provisions of 
                                                 under Subchapter D--  Vessels2,\\\3,\\\4,\\\5  under Subchapter   of Subchapter C--Uninspected      Oceanographic Research      Subchapter O-- 
                                                    Tank Vessels2      or Subchapter T--Small     I--Cargo and     Vessels2,\\\3,\\\6,\\\7,\\\8   Vessels2,\\\5,\\\6,\\\7,\\\9    Certain Bulk  
                                                                              Passenger           Miscellaneous                                                                     Dangerous   
                                                                         Vessels2,\\\3,\\\4       Vessels2,\\\5                                                                     Cargoes10   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column 1                       Column 2........  Column 3             Column 4                  Column 5........  Column 6.....................  Column 7.....................  Column 8        
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                                                                                
Steam........................  Vessels not over  All vessels          All vessels carrying      All tugboats and  All vessels except those       None.........................  All vessels     
                                65 feet in        carrying             more than 6               towboats.         covered by columns 3, 4, 5,                                   carrying in    
                                length.           combustible or       passengers.7                                and 7.                                                        bulk the       
                                                  flammable liquid                                                                                                               cargoes listed 
                                                  cargo in bulk.                                                                                                                 in table I of  
                                                                                                                                                                                 part 153 and   
                                                                                                                                                                                 table 4 of part
                                                                                                                                                                                 154.1,\\\2     
                              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               Vessels over 65   All vessels          1. All vessels carrying   All vessels       None.........................  All vessels engaged in             Do.         
                                feet in length.   carrying             more than 12 passengers   except those                                     oceanographic research.                       
                                                  combustible or       on an international       covered by                                                                                     
                                                  flammable liquid     voyage, except yachts.    columns 3 and 4.                                                                               
                                                  cargo in bulk.5                                                                                                                               
                                 ..............                       2. All vessels of not                                                                                                     
                                                                       over 15 gross tons                                                                                                       
                                                                       which carry more than 6                                                                                                  
                                                                       passengers.7                                                                                                             
                                 ..............                       3. All other vessels                                                                                                      
                                                                       carrying passengers,7                                                                                                    
                                                                       except:                                                                                                                  
                                 ..............                           a. Yachts.                                                                                                            
                                 ..............                           b. Documented cargo                                                                                                   
                                                                       or tank vessels issued                                                                                                   
                                                                       a permit to carry not                                                                                                    
                                                                       more than 16 persons in                                                                                                  
                                                                       addition to the crew.                                                                                                    

[[Page 306]]

                                                                                                                                                                                                
                                 ..............                           c. Towing and                                                                                                         
                                                                       fishing vessels, in                                                                                                      
                                                                       other than ocean and                                                                                                     
                                                                       coastwise service, may                                                                                                   
                                                                       carry persons on the                                                                                                     
                                                                       legitimate business of                                                                                                   
                                                                       the vessel, in addition                                                                                                  
                                                                       to crew, but not to                                                                                                      
                                                                       exceed one for each net                                                                                                  
                                                                       ton of the vessel.                                                                                                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Motor........................  Vessels not over  All vessels          All vessels carrying      Those vessels     All vessels except those       None.........................      Do.         
                                15 gross tons.    carrying             more than 6               carrying          covered by columns 3, 4, 5,                                                  
                                                  combustible or       passengers.7              dangerous         and 7.                                                                       
                                                  flammable liquid                               cargoes when                                                                                   
                                                  cargo in bulk.                                 required by 46                                                                                 
                                                                                                 CFR part 98 or                                                                                 
                                                                                                 49 CFR parts                                                                                   
                                                                                                 171-179.                                                                                       
                              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               Vessels over 15   All vessels          1. All vessels carrying   All vessels       All vessels except those       None.........................      Do.         
                                gross tons        carrying             more than 12 passengers   carrying          covered by columns 3, 4, 5,                                                  
                                except seagoing   combustible or       on an international       freight for       and 7.                                                                       
                                motor vessels     flammable liquid     voyage, except yachts.    hire except                                                                                    
                                of 300 gross      cargo in bulk.5     2. All vessels not over    those covered                                                                                  
                                tons and over.                         65 feet in length which   by columns 3                                                                                   
                                                                       carry more than 6         and 4.                                                                                         
                                                                       passengers.7                                                                                                             

[[Page 307]]

                                                                                                                                                                                                
                                                                      3. All other vessels of                                                                                                   
                                                                       over 65 feet in length                                                                                                   
                                                                       carrying passengers for                                                                                                  
                                                                       hire except documented                                                                                                   
                                                                       cargo or tank vessels                                                                                                    
                                                                       issued a permit to                                                                                                       
                                                                       carry not more than 16                                                                                                   
                                                                       persons in addition to                                                                                                   
                                                                       the crew.                                                                                                                
                               Seagoing motor    All vessels          1. All vessels carrying   All vessels       All vessels except those       All vessels engaged in             Do.         
                                vessels of 300    carrying             more than 12 passengers   except those      covered by columns 3, 4, 5,    oceanographic research.                       
                                gross tons and    combustible or       on an international       covered by        and 7.                                                                       
                                over.             flammable liquid     voyage, except yachts.    columns 3 and                                                                                  
                                                  cargo in bulk.5     2. All other vessels       4, and those                                                                                   
                                                                       carrying passengers,7     engaged in the                                                                                 
                                                                       except:                   fishing,                                                                                       
                                                                          a. Yachts.             oystering,                                                                                     
                                                                          b. Documented cargo    clamming,                                                                                      
                                                                       or tank vessels issued    crabbing, or                                                                                   
                                                                       a permit to carry not     any other                                                                                      
                                                                       more than 16 persons in   branch of the                                                                                  
                                                                       addition to the crew.     fishery, kelp,                                                                                 
                                                                                                 or sponge                                                                                      
                                                                                                 industry.                                                                                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sail.........................  Vessels not over  All vessels          All vessels carrying      Those vessels     None.........................  None.........................      Do.         
                                700 gross tons.   carrying             more than 6               carrying                                                                                       
                                                  combustible or       passengers.7              dangerous                                                                                      
                                                  flammable liquid                               cargoes when                                                                                   
                                                  cargo in bulk.                                 required by 46                                                                                 
                                                                                                 CFR part 98 or                                                                                 
                                                                                                 49 CFR parts                                                                                   
                                                                                                 171-179.                                                                                       
                               Vessels over 700  All vessels          All vessels carrying      Those vessels     None.........................  None.........................      Do.         
                                gross tons.       carrying             passengers for hire.      carrying                                                                                       
                                                  combustible or                                 dangerous                                                                                      
                                                  flammable liquid                               cargoes when                                                                                   
                                                  cargo in bulk.                                 required by 46                                                                                 
                                                                                                 CFR part 98 or                                                                                 
                                                                                                 49 CFR parts                                                                                   
                                                                                                 171-179.                                                                                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Non-self-propelled...........  Vessels less      All vessels          All vessels carrying      Those vessels     All barges carrying            None.........................  All tank        
                                than 100 gross    carrying             more than 6               carrying          passengers except those                                       barges11       
                                tons.             combustible or       passengers.7              dangerous         covered by column 4.                                          carrying       
                                                  liquid cargo in                                cargoes when                                                                    certain        
                                                  bulk.                                          required by 46                                                                  flammable and  
                                                                                                 CFR part 98 or                                                                  combustible    
                                                                                                 49 CFR parts                                                                    liquid and     
                                                                                                 171-179.                                                                        liquified gases
                                                                                                                                                                                 in bulk.       

[[Page 308]]

                                                                                                                                                                                                
                               Vessels 100       All vessels          All vessels carrying      All seagoing      All barges carrying            All seagoing barges engaged        Do.         
                                gross tons or     carrying             passengers for hire.      barges except     passengers except those        in oceanographic research.                    
                                over.             combustible or                                 those covered     covered by columns 4 and 7.                                                  
                                                  flammable liquid                               by columns 3                                                                                   
                                                  cargo in bulk.                                 and 4; and                                                                                     
                                                                                                 those inland                                                                                   
                                                                                                 barges carrying                                                                                
                                                                                                 dangerous                                                                                      
                                                                                                 cargoes when                                                                                   
                                                                                                 required by 46                                                                                 
                                                                                                 CFR part 98 or                                                                                 
                                                                                                 49 CFR parts                                                                                   
                                                                                                 171-179.                                                                                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Where length is used in this table it means the length measured from end to end over the deck, excluding sheer. This expression means a straight line measurement of the overall length from 
  the foremost part of the vessel to the aftermost part of the vessel, measured parallel to the centerline.                                                                                     
\2\ Subchapters E (Load Lines), F (Marine Engineering), J (Electrical Engineering), and N (Dangerous Cargoes) of this chapter may also be applicable under certain conditions. The provisions of
  49 CFR parts 171-179 apply whenever hazardous materials are on board vessels (including motorboats), except when specifically exempted by law.                                                
\3\Public nautical schoolships, other than vessels of the Navy and Coast Guard, shall meet the requirements of part 167 of Subchapter R (Nautical Schools) of this chapter. Civilian nautical   
  schoolships, as defined by 46 U.S.C. 1331, shall meet the requirements of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) and part 168 of Subchapter R (Nautical Schools) of this chapter.                   
\4\Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter covers only those vessels of 100 gross tons or more. Subchapter T (Small Passenger Vessels) of this chapter covers only those vessels of    
  less than 100 gross tons.                                                                                                                                                                     
\5\Vessels covered by Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) or I (Cargo and Miscellaneous Vessels) of this chapter, where the principal purpose or use of the vessel is not for the carriage of      
  liquid cargo, may be granted a permit to carry a limited amount of flammable or combustible liquid cargo in bulk. The portion of the vessel used for the carriage of the flammable or         
  combustible liquid cargo shall meet the requirements of Subchapter D (Tank Vessels) in addition to the requirements of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) or I (Cargo and Miscellaneous Vessels)
  of this chapter.                                                                                                                                                                              
\6\Any vessel on an international voyage is subject to the requirements of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974.                                                        
\7\The meaning of the term ``passenger'' is as defined in the Act of May 10, 1956 (Sec. 1, 70 Stat. 151; 46 U.S.C. 390). On oceanographic vessels scientific personnel on board shall not be    
  deemed to be passengers nor seamen, but for calculations of lifesaving equipment, etc., shall be counted as persons.                                                                          
\8\Boilers and machinery are subject to examination on vessels over 40 feet in length.                                                                                                          
\9\Under 46 U.S.C. 441 an ``oceanographic research vessel'' is a vessel ``* * * being employed exclusively in instruction in oceanography or limnology, or both, or exclusively in oceanographic
  research, * * *.'' Under 46 U.S.C. 443, ``an oceanographic research vessel shall not be deemed to be engaged in trade or commerce.'' If or when an oceanographic vessel engages in trade or   
  commerce, such vessel cannot operate under its certificate of inspection as an oceanographic vessel, but shall be inspected and certificated for the service in which engaged, and the        
  scientific personnel aboard then become persons employed in the business of the vessel.                                                                                                       
\10\Bulk dangerous cargoes are cargoes specified in table 151.01-10(b); in table I of part 153, and in table 4 of part 154 of this chapter.                                                     
\11\For manned tankbarges see Sec.  151.01-10(c) of this chapter.                                                                                                                               


[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended at 42 FR 49027, Sept. 
26, 1977; 43 FR 968, Jan. 5, 1978; CGD 77-081, 46 FR 56204, Nov. 16, 
1981; CGD 86-033, 53 FR 36026, Sept. 16, 1988; CGD 86-033, 53 FR 46871, 
Nov. 21, 1988; CGD 90-008, 55 FR 30664, July 26, 1990]

[[Page 309]]



Sec. 188.05-2   Exemptions from inspection laws for oceanographic research vessels and terms and conditions which apply in lieu thereof.

    (a) The regulations in this subchapter govern vessels employed 
exclusively as ``oceanographic research vessels,'' as defined in section 
441 of 46 U.S. Code, with respect to inspection and certification by the 
U.S. Coast Guard. Any law in Title 52 of the Revised Statutes regarding 
inspection and certification which has requirements different from those 
specified in this subchapter shall be deemed to come within the 
provisions of section 445 of 46, U.S. Code, and the oceanographic 
research vessel shall be exempt from its application because it is not 
necessary in the performance of the mission of the vessel.
    (b) The oceanographic research vessel shall comply with 49 CFR parts 
171-179 whenever applicable, except to the extent as specifically 
provided otherwise in this subchapter.
    (c) In order not to inhibit the mission of vessels subject to this 
subchapter, the Coast Guard will not require plan approval of design nor 
inspection of scientific equipment except to the extent specifically 
provided otherwise in this subchapter. However, it is the responsibility 
of the owner to have incorporated into the design and to maintain such 
equipment to applicable safety standards.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981; CGD 86-033, 53 FR 36026, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 188.05-3   New vessels and existing vessels for the purpose of application of regulations in this subchapter.

    (a) New vessels. In this application of the regulations in this 
subchapter, a new vessel is meant to be one, the construction of which 
is contracted for on or after March 1, 1968, or the major alteration of 
a vessel is contracted for on or after March 1, 1968, or the conversion 
of any vessel not previously inspected and certificated by the Coast 
Guard which is contracted for on or after March 1, 1968.
    (b) Existing vessels. In the application of the regulations in this 
subchapter an existing vessel is meant to be one which is holding a 
valid certificate of inspection as an oceanographic research vessel on 
March 1, 1968.
    (c) Other vessels. When it is desired to have a vessel, which has 
been used in trade or for recreational purposes, initially inspected and 
certificated as an oceanographic research vessel on or after March 1, 
1968, such vessel shall be subject to all the requirements governing a 
vessel contracted for on or after March 1, 1968. However, if such vessel 
has a current certificate of inspection as a passenger, tank, cargo, or 
miscellaneous vessel, the Commandant may authorize its inspection and 
certification under this subchapter as a vessel contracted for prior to 
March 1, 1968, subject to those requirements necessitated by change in 
service.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.05-5   Specific application noted in text.

    (a) At the beginning of the various parts, subparts, and sections, a 
more specific application is generally given for the particular portion 
of the text involved. This application sets forth the types, sizes, or 
services or vessels to which the text pertains, and in many cases limits 
the application of the text to vessels contracted for before or after a 
specific date. As used in this subchapter, the term ``vessels contracted 
for'' includes not only the contracting for the construction of a 
vessel, but also the contracting for a material alteration to a vessel, 
the contracting for the conversion of a vessel to an oceanographic 
research vessel, and the changing of area of operation of a vessel if 
such change increases or modifies the general requirements for the 
vessel or increases the hazards to which it might be subjected.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.05-7   Ocean or unlimited coastwise vessels on inland and Great Lakes routes.

    (a) Vessels inspected and certificated for ocean or unlimited 
coastwise routes shall be considered suitable for navigation insofar as 
the provisions of this

[[Page 310]]

subchapter are concerned on any inland routes, including the Great 
Lakes.



Sec. 188.05-10   Application to vessels on an international voyage.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this 
section, the regulations in this subchapter that apply to a vessel on an 
``international voyage'' apply to a vessel that--
    (1) Is mechanically propelled and of at least 500 gross tons; and
    (2) Is engaged on a voyage--
    (i) From a country to which the International Convention for Safety 
of Life at Sea, 1974, (SOLAS 74) applies, to a port outside that country 
or the reverse;
    (ii) From any territory, including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, 
all possessions of the United States, and all lands held by the United 
States under a protectorate or mandate, whose international relations 
are the responsibility of a contracting SOLAS 74 government, or which is 
administered by the United Nations, to a port outside that territory or 
the reverse; or
    (iii) Between the contiguous states of the United States and the 
states of Hawaii or Alaska or between the states of Hawaii and Alaska.
    (b) The regulations that apply to a vessel on an ``international 
voyage'' in this subchapter do not apply to a vessel that--
    (1) Solely navigates the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River as 
far east as a straight line drawn from Cap des Rosiers to West Point, 
Anticosti Island and, on the north side of Anticosti Island, the 63rd 
Meridian; or
    (2) Is numbered in accordance with the Federal Boat Safety Act of 
1971 (85 Stat. 213; 46 U.S.C. 1451, et seq.).
    (c) The Commandant or his authorized representative may exempt any 
vessel on an international voyage from the requirements of this 
subchapter if the vessel--
    (1) Makes a single international voyage in exceptional 
circumstances; and
    (2) Meets safety requirements prescribed for the voyage by the 
Commandant.
    (d) The Commandant or his authorized representative may exempt any 
vessel from the construction requirements of this subchapter if the 
vessel does not proceed more than 20 nautical miles from the nearest 
land in the course of its voyage.

[CGD 72-131R, 38 FR 29320, Oct. 24, 1973, as amended by CGD 80-123, 45 
FR 64586, Sept. 30, 1980; CGD 90-008, 55 FR 30664, July 26, 1990; CGD 
84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 188.05-30   Portable tanks--interpretive rulings.

    (a) The phrase drums, barrels, or other packages, as used in R.S. 
4417a, as amended (46 U.S.C. 391a), and in R.S. 4472, as amended (46 
U.S.C. 170), is interpreted to mean portable tanks having a maximum 
capacity of 110 U.S. gallons and Department of Transportation 
specifications cylinders having a water capacity of not more than 1,000 
pounds, which are actually loaded and discharged from vessels with their 
contents intact.
    (b) The phrase inflammable or combustible liquid cargo in bulk as 
used in R.S. 4417a, as amended (46 U.S.C. 391a), and in R.S. 4472, as 
amended (46 U.S.C. 170), is interpreted to include such cargo in 
portable tanks of a capacity of more than 110 U.S. gallons.
    (c) The phrase liquid cargo as used in R.S. 4417a, as amended (46 
U.S.C. 391a), is interpreted to mean flammable or combustible liquids.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69-72, 34 FR 
17503, Oct. 29, 1969]



Sec. 188.05-33   Scientific personnel--interpretive rulings.

    (a) Scientific personnel on oceanographic research vessels are not 
considered to be seamen or passengers, but are considered as ``persons'' 
when requirements are based on total persons on board.
    (b) Scientific personnel on such vessels shall not be required to 
possess seamen's documents nor shall they be required to sign shipping 
articles.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.05-35   Load lines--interpretive ruling.

    (a) Certificated vessels shall be subject to the applicable 
provisions of the Load Line Acts, and regulations in

[[Page 311]]

Subchapter E (Load Lines) of this chapter.



       Subpart 188.10--Definition of Terms Used in This Subchapter



Sec. 188.10-1   Approved.

    This term means approved by the Commandant unless otherwise stated.



Sec. 188.10-3   Approved container.

    This term means a container which is properly labeled, marked and 
approved by DOT for the commodity which it contains.
[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36026, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 188.10-5   Barge.

    This term means any non-self-propelled vessel.



Sec. 188.10-6   Captain of the Port.

    This term means an officer of the Coast Guard designated as such by 
the Commandant and who, under the superintendence and direction of the 
Coast Guard District Commander, gives immediate direction to Coast Guard 
law enforcement activities within his assigned area. In addition, the 
District Commander shall be the Captain of the Port with respect to 
remaining areas in his district not assigned to officers designated by 
the Commandant as Captain of the Port.



Sec. 188.10-7   Chemical stores.

    This term means those chemicals intended for use in the performance 
of the vessel's scientific activities and is further defined in 
Sec. 194.05-3.



Sec. 188.10-9   Chemical storeroom.

    This term refers to any compartment specifically constructed or 
modified for the stowage of chemical stores and so designated and 
identified.



Sec. 188.10-11   Chemistry laboratory.

    This term includes any space in which experiments are conducted or 
chemicals are used for scientific purposes in conjunction with the 
research mission of the vessel, and is so identified.



Sec. 188.10-13   Coast Guard District Commander.

    This term means an officer of the Coast Guard designated as such by 
the Commandant to command all Coast Guard activities within his 
district, which include the inspection, enforcement, and administration 
of Title 52, Revised Statutes, and acts amendatory thereof or 
supplemental thereto, and rules and regulations thereunder.



Sec. 188.10-15   Coastwise.

    Under this designation shall be included all vessels normally 
navigating the waters of any ocean or the Gulf of Mexico 20 nautical 
miles or less offshore.



Sec. 188.10-17   Combustible liquid.

    This term includes any liquid whose flashpoint, as determined by an 
open cup tester, is above 80 deg. F.



Sec. 188.10-19   Commandant.

    This term means the Commandant of the Coast Guard.



Sec. 188.10-21   Compressed gas.

    This term includes any material or mixture having in the container 
an absolute pressure exceeding 40 p.s.i. at 70 deg. F.; or regardless of 
the pressure at 70 deg. F., having an absolute pressure exceeding 104 
p.s.i. at 130 deg. F.; or any liquid flammable material having a vapor 
pressure exceeding 40 p.s.i. absolute at 100 deg. F. as determined by 
the Reid method covered by the American Society for Testing Materials 
Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (D-323). 
Compressed gases are discussed in more detail in 49 CFR parts 171-179.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36026, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 188.10-23   Corrosive liquids.

    (a) This term includes those acids, alkaline caustic liquids, and 
other corrosive liquids which, when in contact with living tissues, will 
cause severe damage of such tissues, by chemical action; or in case of 
leakage, will materially damage or destroy other freight by chemical 
action, or are liable to cause fire when in contact with organic matter 
or with certain chemicals.

[[Page 312]]

    (b) A corrosive substance may be:
    (1) Solid, such as iodine; or,
    (2) Liquid, such as acids, or caustic soda solution; or,
    (3) Gaseous, such as chlorine or sulfur dioxide.



Sec. 188.10-25   Explosive.

    This term means a chemical compound or mixture, the primary purpose 
of which is to function by explosion; i.e., with substantially 
instantaneous release of gas and heat. Explosives are discussed in more 
detail in 49 CFR parts 171-179.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36026, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 188.10-27   Flammable liquid.

    This term includes any liquid whose flashpoint, as determined by an 
open cup tester, is 80 deg. F. or below.



Sec. 188.10-31   Great Lakes.

    Under this designation shall be included all vessels navigating the 
Great Lakes.



Sec. 188.10-33   Headquarters.

    This term means the Office of the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, 
Washington, DC 20593-0001.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34538, Sept. 7, 1988]



Sec. 188.10-35   International voyage.

    (a) This section describes those voyages which are considered to be 
``international voyages'' for the purposes of this subchapter.
    (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, the term 
``international voyage'' as used in this subchapter shall have the same 
meaning as that contained in Regulation 2(d), Chapter I of the 
International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, i.e., 
International voyage means a voyage from a country to which the present 
convention applies to a port outside such country, or conversely.''
    (c) The International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, 
does not apply to vessels ``solely navigating the Great Lakes of North 
America and the River St. Lawrence as far east as a straight line drawn 
from Cap de Rosiers to West Point, Anticosti Island and, on the north 
side of Anticosti Island, the 63d Meridian.'' Accordingly, such vessels 
shall not be considered as being on an ``international voyage'' for the 
purpose of this subchapter.
    (d) In addition, although voyages between the continental United 
States and Hawaii or Alaska, and voyages between Hawaii and Alaska are 
not ``international voyages'' under the provisions of the International 
Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, such voyages are similar in 
nature and shall be considered as ``international voyages'' for the 
purposes of this subchapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 80-123, 45 FR 
64586, Sept. 30, 1980; CDG 90-008, 55 FR 30664, July 26, 1990]



Sec. 188.10-37  Label.

    This term means the label required by 49 CFR part 172 to be affixed 
to containers of explosives or other hazardous materials.

[CGD 86-033, 53 FR 36026, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 188.10-39   Lakes, bays, and sounds.

    Under this designation shall be included all vessels navigating the 
waters of any of the lakes, bays, or sounds, other than the waters of 
the Great Lakes.



Sec. 188.10-41   Liquefied compressed gas.

    This term means a gas which, under the charged pressure, is 
partially liquid at a temperature of 70 deg. F.



Sec. 188.10-43   Liquefied flammable gas.

    This term means any flammable gas having a Reid vapor pressure 
exceeding 40 p.s.i. which has been liquefied.



Sec. 188.10-45   Marine inspector or inspector.

    These terms mean any person from the civilian or military branch of 
the Coast Guard assigned under the superintendence and direction of an 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, or any person as may be designated 
for the performance of duties with respect to the inspection, 
enforcement, and administration to Title 52, Revised Statutes, and acts 
amendatory thereof or

[[Page 313]]

supplemental thereto, and rules and regulations thereunder.



Sec. 188.10-49  Numbered vessel.

    This term means a vessel which is numbered under the provisions of 
the Federal Boat Safety Act of 1971 as amended (46 U.S.C. 1466).

[CGD 77-081, 46 FR 56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.10-51   Ocean.

    Under this designation shall be included all vessels navigating the 
waters of any ocean, or the Gulf of Mexico more than 20 nautical miles 
offshore.



Sec. 188.10-53  Oceanographic research vessel.

    The term oceanographic research vessel means a vessel that the 
Secretary finds is being employed only in instruction in oceanography or 
limnology, or both, or only in oceanographic or limnological research, 
including those studies about the sea such as seismic, gravity meter, 
and magnetic exploration and other marine geophysical or geological 
surveys, atmospheric research, and biological research.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 188.10-55   Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

    This term means any person from the civilian or military branch of 
the Coast Guard designated as such by the Commandant and who, under the 
superintendence and direction of the Coast Guard District Commander, is 
in charge of an inspection zone for the performance of duties with 
respect to the inspections, enforcement, and administration of Title 52, 
Revised Statutes, and acts amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto, 
and rules and regulations thereunder.



Sec. 188.10-56  Pilot boarding equipment and point of access.

    (a) Pilot boarding equipment means a pilot ladder, accomodation 
ladder, pilot hoist, or combination of them as required by this 
subchapter.
    (b) Point of access means the place on deck of a vessel where a 
person steps onto or off of pilot boarding equipment.

[CGD 79-032, 49 FR 25455, June 21, 1984]



Sec. 188.10-57   Portable tank.

    This phrase means a container having a capacity greater than 110 
gallons, which is independent of the vessel's structure.



Sec. 188.10-59   Recognized classification society.

    This term means the American Bureau of Shipping or other 
classification society recognized by the Commandant.



Sec. 188.10-61   Rivers.

    Under this designation shall be included all vessels whose 
navigation is restricted to rivers and/or canals exclusively, and to 
such other waters as may be so designated by the Coast Guard District 
Commander.



Sec. 188.10-65   Seagoing barge.

    The phrase ``every seagoing barge of one hundred gross tons or 
over'' in subsections 395(a) and 395(b), Title 46 U.S. Code (sec. 10, 35 
Stat. 428, as amended), includes every non-self-propelled vessel of 100 
gross tons or over, if such vessel will navigate the high seas or ocean. 
The phrase ``non-self-propelled vessel'' means a vessel without 
sufficient means for self-propulsion and is required to be towed.



Sec. 188.10-67   Scientific equipment.

    This term means equipment installed or carried on board an 
oceanographic research vessel and not normally required for the 
operation of a vessel or its machinery or for the navigation of the 
vessel, and which is used primarily in the gathering of scientific data 
or samples or in processing, analyzing, preserving, or storing such data 
or samples.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.10-69   Scientific laboratory.

    This term means those spaces on board an oceanographic research 
vessel used primarily for scientific experimentation or research, and 
are so identified.

[[Page 314]]



Sec. 188.10-71   Scientific personnel.

    This term means those persons who are aboard an oceanographic 
research vessel solely for the purpose of engaging in scientific 
research, or in instructing, or receiving instruction, in oceanography 
or limnology, and shall not be considered seamen under the provisions of 
Title 53 of the Revised Statutes and acts amendatory thereof or 
supplementary thereto.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



Sec. 188.10-73   Ships' stores and supplies.

    This term means any article or substance which is used on board a 
vessel subject to the appropriate portions of part 147 of Subchapter N 
(Dangerous Cargoes) of this chapter for the upkeep and maintenance of 
the vessel; or for the safety or comfort of the vessel, its passengers 
or crew; or for the operation or navigation of the vessel (except fuel 
for its own machinery).

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36026, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 188.10-75   Undocumented vessel.

    This term means any vessel which is not required to have, and does 
not have, a valid marine document issued by the U.S. Coast Guard.



Sec. 188.10-77   Vessel.

    Where the word ``vessel'' is used in this subchapter, it shall be 
considered to include all inspected and certificated oceanographic 
research vessels as listed in Column 7 of Table 188.05-1(a).

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981]



                       Subpart 188.15--Equivalents



Sec. 188.15-1   Conditions under which equivalents may be used.

    (a) Where in this subchapter it is provided that a particular 
fitting, material, appliance, apparatus, or equipment, or type thereof, 
shall be fitted or carried in a vessel, or that any particular provision 
shall be made or arrangement shall be adopted, the Commandant may accept 
in substitution therefor any other fitting, material, apparatus, or 
equipment, or type thereof, or any other arrangement: Provided, That he 
shall have been satisfied by suitable trials that the fitting, material, 
appliance, apparatus, or equipment, or type thereof, or the provision or 
arrangement is at least as effective as that specified in this 
subchapter.
    (b) In any case where it is shown to the satisfaction of the 
Commandant that the use of any particular equipment, apparatus, or 
arrangement not specifically required by law is unreasonable or 
impracticable, the Commandant may permit the use of alternate equipment, 
apparatus, or arrangement to such an extent and upon such conditions as 
will insure, to his satisfaction, a degree of safety consistent with the 
minimum standards set forth in this subchapter.



Sec. 188.15-5   Design of vessels.

    (a) In order not to inhibit design and application the Commandant 
may accept vessels of unusual, unique, special, or exotic design, both 
new and for conversion, after it is shown to his satisfaction that such 
a vessel is at least as safe as any vessel which meets the standards 
required by this subchapter.



         Subpart 188.20--General Marine Engineering Requirements



Sec. 188.20-1   Marine engineering details.

    (a) The marine engineering details shall be in accordance with 
Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.



       Subpart 188.25--General Electrical Engineering Requirements



Sec. 188.25-1   Electrical engineering details.

    (a) The electrical engineering details shall be in accordance with 
subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter.

[[Page 315]]



         Subpart 188.27--Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements



Sec. 188.27-1  Lifesaving appliances and arrangements.

    All lifesaving appliances and arrangements shall be in accordance 
with the requirements for special purpose vessels in subchapter W 
(Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



         Subpart 188.35--American Bureau of Shipping's Standards



Sec. 188.35-1   Standards to be used.

    (a) Where in this subchapter an item, or method of construction, or 
testing is required to meet the standards established by the American 
Bureau of Shipping, the current standards in effect at the time of 
construction of the vessel, or otherwise as applicable, shall be used.
    (b) The current standards of other recognized classification 
societies may also be accepted upon approval by the Commandant.



Sec. 188.35-5   Where obtainable.

    (a) The standards established by the American Bureau of Shipping are 
usually published annually and may be purchased from the American Bureau 
of Shipping, Two World Trade Center, 106th Floor, New York, NY 10048.
    (b) These standards may also be examined at the Office of the 
Commandant (G-MOC), U.S. Coast Guard, Washington, DC 20593-0001, or at 
the Office of any Coast Guard District Commander or Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1113, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 88-070, 53 FR 
34538, Sept. 7, 1988; 53 FR 37570, Sept. 27, 1988; 53 FR 44011, Nov. 1, 
1988; CGD 95-072, 60 FR 50469, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50735, 
Sept. 27, 1996]



PART 189--INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION--Table of Contents




                Subpart 189.01--Certificate of Inspection

Sec.
189.01-1  When required.
189.01-5  Posting.
189.01-10  Period of validity.
189.01-15  Temporary certificate.

      Subpart 189.05--Permit to Proceed to Another Port for Repair

189.05-1  When issued.
189.05-5  To whom issued.
189.05-10  Conditions of permit.
189.05-15  Posting.

                  Subpart 189.15--Inspection of Vessels

189.15-1  Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery.

                   Subpart 189.20--Initial Inspection

189.20-1  Prerequisite of certificate of inspection.
189.20-5  When made.
189.20-10  Plans.
189.20-15  Scope of inspection.
189.20-20  Specific tests and inspections.
189.20-25  Chemical and explosive hazards.

              Subpart 189.25--Inspection for Certification

189.25-1  Prerequisite of reissuance of certificate of inspection.
189.25-5  When made.
189.25-10  Scope of inspection.
189.25-15  Lifesaving equipment.
189.25-20  Fire-extinguishing equipment.
189.25-25  Hull equipment.
189.25-30  Electrical engineering equipment.
189.25-35  Marine engineering equipment.
189.25-38  Pollution prevention.
189.25-40  Sanitary inspection.
189.25-45  Fire hazards.
189.25-47  Chemical and explosive hazards.
189.25-50  Inspector not limited.

                      Subpart 189.27--Reinspection

189.27-1  When made.
189.27-5  Scope.
189.27-10  Deficiencies in maintenance.
189.27-15  Inspector not limited.

                Subpart 189.30--Inspection After Accident

189.30-1  General or partial survey.

                  Subpart 189.33--Sanitary Inspections

189.33-1  When made.

                  Subpart 189.35--Weight Handling Gear

189.35-1  Application.
189.35-3  Intent.
189.35-5  Tests.
189.35-7  Examinations.
189.35-9  Plans.
189.35-11  Special cases.
189.35-13  Master's responsibility.
189.35-15  Major installations.

[[Page 316]]

189.35-90  Weight handling gear manufactured prior to March 1, 1968.

                       Subpart 189.40--Drydocking

189.40-1  Definitions relating to hull examinations.
189.40-3  Drydock examination, underwater survey, and internal 
          structural examination intervals.
189.40-5  Notice and plans required.

           Subpart 189.43--Integral Fuel Oil Tank Examinations

189.43-1  When required.

                 Subpart 189.45--Repairs and Alterations

189.45-1  Notice required.
189.45-5  Inspection required.

             Subpart 189.50--Special Operating Requirements

189.50-1  Inspection and testing required when making alterations, 
          repairs, or other such operations involving riveting, welding, 
          burning, or like fire-producing actions.

                      Subpart 189.55--Plan Approval

189.55-1  General.
189.55-5  Plans and specifications required for new construction.
189.55-10  Plans required for alterations of existing vessels.
189.55-15  Procedure for submittal of plans.
189.55-20  Number of plans required.

 Subpart 189.60--Certificates Under International Convention for Safety 
                          of Life at Sea, 1974

189.60-1  Application.
189.60-5  Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate.
189.60-10  Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate.
189.60-15  Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelegraphy Certificate.
189.60-20  Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelephony Certificate.
189.60-25  Exemption Certificate.
189.60-35  Posting of Convention certificates.
189.60-40  Duration of certificates.
189.60-45  American Bureau of Shipping.

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(j); 46 U.S.C. 2113, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 
FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, 
1991 Comp., p. 351; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, unless otherwise 
noted.



                Subpart 189.01--Certificate of Inspection



Sec. 189.01-1   When required.

    (a) Except as noted in this subpart or subpart 189.05 of this part, 
no vessel subject to inspection and certification shall be operated 
without a valid certificate of inspection.



Sec. 189.01-5   Posting.

    (a) The original certificate of inspection shall, in general, be 
framed under glass or other transparent material and posted in a 
conspicuous place where it will be most likely to be observed. On other 
vessels such as barges, where the framing of the certificate under glass 
would be impracticable, the original certificate of inspection shall be 
kept on board to be shown on demand.



Sec. 189.01-10   Period of validity.

    (a) Certificates of Inspection will be issued for periods of either 
1 or 2 years. Application may be made by the master, owner, or agent for 
inspection and issuance of a new certificate of inspection at any time 
during the period of validity of the current certificate.
    (b) Certificates of inspection may be revoked or suspended by the 
Coast Guard where such process is authorized by law. This may occur if 
the vessel does not meet the requirements of law or regulations in this 
chapter or if there is a failure to maintain the safety requirements 
requisite to the issuance of a certificate of inspection.
    (c)(1) In the case of the following vessels, modification of the 
period of validity of the certificate of inspection will be permitted as 
set forth in this paragraph:
    (i) Non-self-propelled vessels of 100 gross tons and over proceeding 
on the high seas or ocean for the sole purpose of changing place of 
employment.
    (ii) Non-self-propelled vessels of 100 gross tons and over making 
rare or infrequent voyages on the high seas or ocean and returning to 
the port of departure.
    (2) The certificate of inspection may be issued for a specific 
period of time to cover a described situation or for one voyage only but 
in no case to exceed 2 years. The certificate of inspection will include 
the conditions under

[[Page 317]]

which the vessel must operate. Unless the vessel is in compliance with 
this subchapter insofar as it applies to seagoing barges of 100 gross 
tons and over, such vessel shall not carry any person on board while 
underway, and the certificate of inspection will be endorsed as an 
unmanned seagoing barge.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 68-82, 33 FR 
18911, Dec. 18, 1968; CGD 95-012, 60 FR 48052, Sept. 18, 1995; 60 FR 
50120, Sept. 28, 1995]



Sec. 189.01-15   Temporary certificate.

    (a) If necessary to prevent delay of the vessel, a temporary 
certificate of inspection, Form CG-854, shall be issued pending the 
issuance and delivery of the regular certificate of inspection. Such 
temporary certificate shall be carried in the same manner as the regular 
certificate and shall in all ways be considered the same as the regular 
certificate of inspection which it represents.



      Subpart 189.05--Permit To Proceed to Another Port for Repair



Sec. 189.05-1   When issued.

    (a) The Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may issue a permit to 
proceed to another port for repair, Form CG-948, to a vessel, if in his 
judgment it can be done with safety, even if the certificate of 
inspection of the vessel has expired or is about to expire.



Sec. 189.05-5   To whom issued.

    (a) Such permit will only be issued upon the written application of 
the master, owner, or agent of the vessel.



Sec. 189.05-10   Conditions of permit.

    (a) The permit will state upon its face the conditions under which 
it is issued.



Sec. 189.05-15   Posting.

    (a) The permit shall be carried in a manner similar to that 
described in Sec. 189.01-5 for a certificate of inspection.



                  Subpart 189.15--Inspection of Vessels



Sec. 189.15-1  Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery.

    In the inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery of vessels, the 
standards established by the American Bureau of Shipping, see part 188, 
subpart 188.35 of this chapter, respecting material and construction of 
hulls, boilers, and machinery, and certificate of classification 
referring thereto, except where otherwise provided for by the rules and 
regulations in this subchapter, subchapter E (Load Lines), subchapter F 
(Marine Engineering), subchapter J (Electrical Engineering), and 
subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter 
shall be accepted as standard by the inspectors.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



                   Subpart 189.20--Initial Inspection



Sec. 189.20-1   Prerequisite of certificate of inspection.

    (a) The initial inspection is a prerequisite of the issuance of the 
original certificate of inspection.



Sec. 189.20-5   When made.

    (a) The initial inspection will only be made upon the written 
application of the owner or builder of the vessel to the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, on Form CG-3752, Application for Inspection 
of U.S. Vessel, at or nearest the port where the vessel is located.



Sec. 189.20-10   Plans.

    (a) Before application for inspection is made, and before 
construction is started, the owner or builder shall have plans approved 
by the Commandant indicating the proposed arrangement and construction 
of the vessel.
    (b) The procedure for submitting plans and the list of plans to be 
supplied is set forth in subpart 189.55 of this part.



Sec. 189.20-15   Scope of inspection.

    (a) The initial inspection, which may consist of a series of 
inspections during the construction of a vessel, shall include a 
complete inspection of the

[[Page 318]]

structure, machinery, and equipment, except scientific equipment which 
does not affect the safety of the vessel or personnel, but including the 
outside of the vessel's bottom, and the inside and outside of the 
boilers and unfired pressure vessels. The inspection shall be such as to 
insure that the arrangements, materials, and scantlings of the 
structure, boilers and other pressure vessels and their appurtenances, 
piping, main and auxiliary machinery, electrical installations, 
lifesaving appliances, fire detecting and extinguishing equipment, pilot 
boarding equipment, pollution prevention equipment, and other equipment 
fully comply with the applicable regulations for such vessel and are in 
accordance with approved plans, and determine that the vessel is in 
possession of a valid certificate issued by the Federal Communications 
Commission, if any. The inspection shall be such as to ensure that the 
workmanship of all parts of the vessel and its equipment is in all 
respects satisfactory and that the vessel is provided with lights, means 
of making sound signals, and distress signals as required by applicable 
statutes and regulations.
    (b) When equipment other than scientific equipment is installed 
which is not required by the applicable regulations in this subchapter, 
that equipment shall be inspected and tested as may be required for such 
equipment by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, to assure safety.
    (1) The electrical or pressure connections to the ship's supply 
shall be designed to marine standards and shall be free of personnel 
hazards.
    (2) Scientific equipment will not be inspected but will be examined 
for external hazards associated with connection to the vessel, dangerous 
moving parts, extremes in temperature and shock.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 68-82, 33 FR 
18911, Dec. 18, 1968; CGD 71-161R, 37 FR 28263, Dec. 21, 1972; CGD 82-
036, 48 FR 654, Jan. 6, 1983; CGD 79-032, 49 FR 25455, June 21, 1984; 
CGD 95-012, 60 FR 48052, Sept. 18, 1995; 60 FR 50120, Sept. 28, 1995]



Sec. 189.20-20   Specific tests and inspections.

    The applicable tests and inspections as set forth in subpart 189.25 
of this part shall be made at this time. In addition, the following 
specific tests and inspections shall be made by the marine inspector.
    (a) For inspection procedures of lifesaving appliances and 
arrangements, see subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) 
of this chapter.
    (b) Installation of carbon dioxide extinguishing piping. See 
Sec. 193.15-15 of this subchapter.
    (c) Marine engineering equipment and systems. See Subchapter F 
(Marine Engineering) of this chapter.
    (d) Electrical engineering equipment and systems. See Subchapter J 
(Electrical Engineering) of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 84-069, 61 FR 
25312, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 189.20-25   Chemical and explosive hazards.

    (a) If installed, the marine inspector shall examine the 
laboratories, storerooms, magazines, vans, and chests to insure that 
hazards are minimized.



              Subpart 189.25--Inspection for Certification



Sec. 189.25-1   Prerequisite of reissuance of certificate of inspection.

    (a) An inspection for certification is a prerequisite of the 
reissuance of a certificate of inspection.



Sec. 189.25-5   When made.

    (a) The inspection for certification will be made only upon written 
application of the master, owner, or agent of the vessel on Form CG-
3752, Application for Inspection of U.S. Vessel, to the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, at or nearest the port where the vessel is 
located.



Sec. 189.25-10   Scope of inspection.

    (a) The inspection for certification shall include an inspection of 
the structure, boilers, and other pressure vessels, machinery, and 
equipment.

[[Page 319]]

The inspection shall be such as to insure that the vessel, as regards 
the structure, boilers, and other pressure vessels and their 
appurtenances, piping, main and auxilliary machinery, electrical 
installations, life-saving appliances, fire detecting and extinguishing 
equipment, pilot boarding equipment, pollution prevention equipment, and 
other equipment, is in satisfactory condition and fit for the service 
for which it is intended, and that it complies with the applicable 
regulations for such vessel, and determine that the vessel is in 
possession of a valid certificate issued by the Federal Communications 
Commission, if required. The lights, means of making sound signals, and 
distress signals carried by the vessel shall also be subject to the 
above-mentioned inspection for the purpose of ensuring that they comply 
with the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations.
    (b) When equipment other than scientific equipment is installed 
which is not required by the applicable regulations in this subchapter, 
that equipment shall be inspected and tested as may be required for such 
equipment by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, to assure safety.
    (1) Scientific equipment and their electrical or pressure connection 
to the ship's supply and laboratories may be checked to ascertain that 
they are maintained free of hazards.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 68-82, 33 FR 
18911, Dec. 18, 1968; CGD 71-161R, 37 FR 28263, Dec. 21, 1972; CGD 82-
036, 48 FR 655, Jan. 6, 1983; CGD 79-032, 49 FR 25455, June 21, 1984; 
CGD 95-012, 60 FR 48052, Sept. 18, 1995; 60 FR 50120, Sept. 28, 1995]



Sec. 189.25-15  Lifesaving equipment.

    For inspection procedures of lifesaving appliances and arrangements, 
see subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this 
chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 189.25-20   Fire-extinguishing equipment.

    (a) At each inspection for certification and at such other times as 
considered necessary the inspector shall determine that all fire-
extinguishing equipment is in suitable condition and he may require such 
tests as are considered necessary to determine the condition of the 
equipment. The inspector shall determine if the tests and inspections 
required by Sec. 196.15-60 of this subchapter have been conducted. At 
each inspection for certification the inspector shall conduct the 
following tests and inspections of fire-extinguishing equipment:
    (1) All hand portable fire extinguishers and semiportable fire-
extinguishing systems shall be checked as noted in Table 189.25-
20(a)(1). In addition, the hand portable fire-extinguishers and 
semiportable fire-extinguishing systems shall be examined for excessive 
corrosion and general condition.

                          Table 189.25-20(a)(1)                         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Type unit                               Test             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Soda acid..............................  Discharge. Clean hose and      
                                          inside of extinguisher        
                                          thoroughly. Recharge.         
Foam...................................  Discharge. Clean hose and      
                                          inside of extinguisher        
                                          thoroughly. Recharge.         
Pump tank (water or antifreeze)........  Discharge. Clean hose and      
                                          inside of extinguisher        
                                          thoroughly. Recharge with     
                                          clean water or antifreeze.    
 Cartridge operated (water, antifreeze,  Examine pressure cartridge and 
           or loaded stream).             replace if end is punctured or
                                          if cartridge is otherwise     
                                          determined to have leaked or  
                                          to be in unsuitable condition.
                                          Remove liquid. Clean hose and 
                                          inside of extinguisher        
                                          thoroughly. Recharge with     
                                          water, solution, or           
                                          antifreeze. Insert charged    
                                          cartridge.                    
Carbon dioxide.........................  Weigh cylinders. Recharge if   
                                          weight loss exceeds 10 percent
                                          of weight of charge. Inspect  
                                          hose and nozzle to be sure    
                                          they are clear.\1\            
Dry chemical (cartridge-operated type).  Examine pressure cartridge and 
                                          replace if end is punctured or
                                          if cartridge is otherwise     
                                          determined to have leaked or  
                                          to be in unsuitable condition.
                                          Inspect hose and nozzle to see
                                          they are clear. Insert charged
                                          cartridge. Be sure dry        
                                          chemical is free-flowing (not 
                                          caked) and chamber contains   
                                          full charge.                  
Dry chemical (stored pressure type)....  See that pressure gage is in   
                                          operating range. If not, or if
                                          seal is broken, weigh or      
                                          otherwise determine that full 
                                          charge of dry chemical is in  
                                          extinguisher. Recharge if     
                                          pressure is low or if dry     
                                          chemical is needed.           
Vaporizing liquid\2\...................  ...............................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Cylinders must be tested and marked and all flexible connections and
  discharge hoses of semiportable carbon dioxide and halon extinguishers
  must be tested or renewed as required in Secs.  147.60 and 147.65 of  
  this chapter.                                                         
\2\ Vaporizing-liquid type fire extinguishers containing carbon         
  tetrachloride or chlorobromomethane or other toxic vaporizing liquids 
  are not permitted.                                                    

    (2) Fixed fire-extinguishing systems shall be checked as noted in 
Table 189.25-20(a)(2). In addition, all parts of

[[Page 320]]

the fixed fire-extinguishing systems shall be examined for excessive 
corrosion and general conditions.

                          Table 189.25-20(a)(2)                         
                                                                        
              Type system                              Test             
                                                                        
Foam...................................  Systems utilizing a soda       
                                          solution shall have such      
                                          solution replaced. In all     
                                          cases, ascertain that powder  
                                          is not caked.                 
Carbon dioxide.........................  Weigh cylinders. Recharge if   
                                          weight loss exceeds 10 percent
                                          of weight of charge.\1\       
                                                                        
\1\ Cylinders must be tested and marked and all flexible connections on 
  fixed carbon dioxide and halon systems must be tested or renewed as   
  required in Secs.  147.60 and 147.65 of this chapter.                 

    (3) On all fire-extinguishing systems all piping, controls, valves, 
and alarms shall be checked to ascertain that the system is in operating 
condition.
    (4) The fire main system shall be operated and the pressure checked 
at the outlets having the greatest pressure drop between the fire pumps 
and the nozzles which may not always be the most remote and highest 
outlets. All firehoses shall be subjected to a test pressure equivalent 
to the maximum pressure to which they may be subjected in service, but 
not less than 100 p.s.i.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 78-154, 44 FR 
13492, Mar. 12, 1979; CGD 84-044, 53 FR 7752, Mar. 10, 1988]



Sec. 189.25-25   Hull equipment.

    (a) At each inspection for certification the inspector shall conduct 
the following tests and inspections of hull equipment:
    (1) All watertight doors shall be operated locally by manual power 
and also by hydraulic or electric power if so fitted. Where remote 
control is fitted, the doors shall also be operated by the remote 
control apparatus.
    (2) The remote controls of all valves shall be operated.
    (3) An examination of installed weight, handling gear and related 
shipboard records shall be made to ascertain the condition and 
suitability of the equipment for the service intended. In conducting 
this examination the marine inspector shall be guided by the provisions 
of subpart 189.35. Current valid certificates and registers, issued by a 
recognized nonprofit organization or association approved by the 
Commandant, may be accepted as prima facie evidence of the condition and 
suitability of the weight handling gear. Weight handling gear 
certificates and registers will not be issued by the Coast Guard.



Sec. 189.25-30   Electrical engineering equipment.

    (a) For inspection procedures of Electrical Engineering equipment 
and systems, see Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter.



Sec. 189.25-35   Marine engineering equipment.

    (a) For inspection procedures of Marine Engineering equipment and 
systems, see Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.



Sec. 189.25-38   Pollution prevention.

    At each inspection for certification, the inspector shall examine 
the vessel to determine that it meets the vessel design and equipment 
requirements for pollution prevention in 33 CFR part 155, subpart B.

[CGD 71-161R, 37 FR 28263, Dec. 21, 1972]



Sec. 189.25-40   Sanitary inspection.

    (a) At each inspection for certification, the quarters, toilets, and 
washing spaces, galleys, serving pantries, lockers, etc., shall be 
examined by the marine inspector to be assured that they are in a 
sanitary condition.



Sec. 189.25-45   Fire hazards.

    (a) At each inspection for certification, the inspector shall 
examine the tank tops and bilges in the machinery spaces to see that 
there is no accumulation of oil which might create a fire hazard.



Sec. 189.25-47   Chemical and explosive hazards.

    (a) The marine inspector shall inspect every chemistry laboratory, 
scientific laboratory, and chemical storeroom during each inspection for 
certification.
    (b) Magazines, vans, and chests shall be inspected during each 
inspection for certification.

[[Page 321]]



Sec. 189.25-50   Inspector not limited.

    (a) Nothing in this subpart shall be construed as limiting the 
inspector from making such tests or inspections as he deems necessary to 
be assured of the safety and seaworthiness of the vessel.



                      Subpart 189.27--Reinspection



Sec. 189.27-1   When made.

    (a) At least one reinspection shall be made on each vessel holding a 
certificate of inspection valid for 2 years. This reinspection will be 
made, where possible, between the 10th and 14th months of the period for 
which the certificate is valid.
    (b) No written application for reinspection will be required.



Sec. 189.27-5   Scope.

    (a) In general, the scope of the reinspection shall be the same as 
for the inspection for certification, but will be in less detail unless 
it is determined that a major change has occurred since the last 
inspection.



Sec. 189.27-10   Deficiencies in maintenance.

    (a) If the reinspection reveals deficiencies in the maintenance as 
called for by the regulations in this subchapter, such necessary repairs 
or improvements shall be made as may be ordered.



Sec. 189.27-15  Inspector not limited.

    (a) Nothing in this subpart shall be construed as limiting the 
marine inspector from making such tests or inspections as he deems 
necessary to be assured of the seaworthiness of the vessel.



                Subpart 189.30--Inspection After Accident



Sec. 189.30-1   General or partial survey.

    (a) A survey, either general or partial, according to the 
circumstances, shall be made every time an accident occurs or a defect 
is discovered which affects the safety of the vessel or the efficacy or 
completeness of its lifesaving appliances, firefighting or other 
equipment, or whenever any important repairs or renewals are made. The 
survey shall be such as to insure that the necessary repairs or renewals 
have been effectively made, that the material and the workmanship of 
such repairs or renewals are in all respects satisfactory, and that the 
vessel complies in all respects with the regulations in this subchapter.



                  Subpart 189.33--Sanitary Inspections



Sec. 189.33-1   When made.

    (a) An inspection of quarters, toilet and washing spaces, serving 
pantries, galleys, etc., shall be made at least once in every month. If 
the route of the vessel is such that it is away from a U.S. port for 
more than 1 month, an inspection shall be conducted at least once every 
trip.



                  Subpart 189.35--Weight Handling Gear



Sec. 189.35-1   Application.

    (a) The requirements of this subpart shall apply to all weight 
handling gear installed on oceanographic research vessels except weight 
handling gear designated to handle primary lifesaving equipment. Weight 
handling gear designated for this use shall meet the applicable portions 
of Subchapter I (Cargo and Miscellaneous Vessels) of this chapter.
    (b) Weight handling gear placed under the inspection and testing 
required for cargo gear by the classification society or cargo gear 
bureaus recognized in Subchapter I (Cargo and Miscellaneous Vessels) of 
this chapter may be considered as having met the intent of this subpart.



Sec. 189.35-3   Intent.

    (a) In recognition of the special nature of oceanographic research 
vessel operations, it is intended that maximum flexibility be given to 
the owner or operator in complying with the safety requirements for 
weight handling gear in this subpart. The primary interest of the Coast 
Guard shall extend to hazards associated with the connections to the 
vessel, dangerous moving

[[Page 322]]

parts, extremes in temperature and shock hazards.



Sec. 189.35-5   Tests.

    (a) An installation load test and safety assessment shall be 
conducted by the owner or operator. Section 189.35-13 may be used as a 
guide for the safety assessment. It shall be the responsibility of the 
owner or operator to notify the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, of 
the time and place of the installation tests when occurring in a port of 
the United States to permit a marine inspector to witness the tests if 
desired. Subsequent owner or operator conducted tests may be required at 
the time of the vessel's inspection periods if a visual examination or 
review of the equipment record reveals evidence of an unsafe condition. 
Tests should normally consist of exercising the equipment as a unit with 
a proof load 25 percent in excess of the equipment's normal working 
load, however manufacturer's design limitations should not be exceeded. 
Consideration shall be given to the plans of loading when conducting 
these tests. Braking, safety and limiting devices shall be tested 
whenever feasible.



Sec. 189.35-7   Examinations.

    (a) Examination of weight handling gear will normally consist of a 
visual examination with access covers removed. Suitability of the 
equipment for the service intended will be emphasized. Disassembly of 
the equipment will be required only when there is evidence of a 
deficiency or an unsafe condition. Non-destructive tests, such as 
radiography, ultrasonic, electronic, or other methods may be used if 
appropriate, however will not be required.



Sec. 189.35-9   Plans.

    (a) Plans will not normally be required, however depending on the 
use of the weight handling gear, submission of plans or other technical 
information may be required by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. 
Unless an unsafe condition is in evidence, vessel operations will not be 
delayed while plans or other technical information are under review. 
Plans, when required, shall normally include:
    (1) One line electrical diagrams showing appropriate overload 
protection as currently required by Subchapter J (Electrical 
Engineering) of this chapter.
    (2) Plans showing hydraulic or pneumatic equipment.
    (3) Stress and/or arrangement diagrams with supporting design 
calculations as appropriate to the specific equipment in question.
    (b) When weight handling gear is built to a recognized code or 
specification, plans or other technical data will not normally be 
required. Purchase specification or vendor's information may be accepted 
in lieu of design calculations if sufficiently definitive of materials, 
design (safety) factors and operating limitations.
    (c) Design information, when required, will be evaluated against the 
following minimum design criteria:
    (1) Wet Weight Handling Gear: Wet gear shall be considered to 
consist of gear used to lower equipment, apparatus or objects beneath 
the surface of the water or for trailing objects, where the wire rope or 
cable is payed out beneath the surface and becomes part of the line pull 
at the head sheave or winch drum. Wet gear shall be designed, as a 
minimum, to withstand and operate in excess of the breaking strength of 
the strongest section or wire to be used in any condition of loading. 
The safety factor for all metal structural parts shall be a minimum of 
1.5; i.e., the yield strength of the material shall be at least 1.5 
times the calculated stresses resulting from application of a load equal 
to the nominal breaking strength of the strongest section or wire rope 
to be used. Suitable assumptions for the actual loading conditions shall 
be used in the design of wet gear. The lead of the wire rope from the 
head sheave or winch drum shall be considered to vary from the vertical 
and in azimuth in a manner to represent the most adverse loading 
condition.
    (2) Other weight handling gear will be evaluated on the basis of the 
safety factors set forth in Sec. 91.37-25 of Subchapter I (Cargo and 
Miscellaneous Vessels) of this chapter.

[[Page 323]]

    (3) Hydraulic or pneumatic systems will be evaluated on the basis of 
Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69-116, 35 FR 
6863, Apr. 30, 1970]



Sec. 189.35-11   Special cases.

    (a) If the above safety requirements defeat the purpose of any 
particular piece of weight handling gear, consideration will be given to 
a relaxation of the requirements.



Sec. 189.35-13   Master's responsibility.

    (a) The master of the vessel shall ensure the following:
    (1) The gear is properly installed and secure.
    (2) Suitable safety guards are installed in way of rotating 
machinery, hazardous cable runs and at other appropriate locations.
    (3) Operating limitations are posted in an appropriate manner.
    (4) Only qualified operators are permitted to operate the weight 
handling gear. The master shall designate the operators.
    (5) A minimum number of persons are allowed in the immediate area.
    (6) The installation does not violate the approved trim and 
stability information.
    (7) A suitable permanent record is maintained on the equipment as 
appropriate showing such items as inspections, tests, important repairs 
and casualties experienced. This record shall be made available to the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, upon request.
    (b) Prior to a vessel's departure, an entry shall also be made in 
the official logbook that the ship's weight handling gear is in 
compliance with the applicable requirements in this subchapter.



Sec. 189.35-15   Major installations.

    (a) Where the installation of weight handling gear requires 
modifications to the vessel's structure or affects the stability in a 
manner which cannot be assessed by the information contained in the 
approved trim and stability information, appropriate plans and 
information shall be submitted for approval. The installation shall then 
be inspected by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection for conformance 
with the approved installation plans and information.



Sec. 189.35-90   Weight handling gear manufactured prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Weight handling gear manufactured prior to March 1, 1968, will 
be accepted on the basis of appropriate tests and examinations should 
plans or other technical information not be available.



                       Subpart 189.40--Drydocking



Sec. 189.40-1  Definitions relating to hull examinations.

    As used in this part--
    (a) Drydock examination means hauling out a vessel or placing a 
vessel in a drydock or slipway for an examination of all accessible 
parts of the vessel's underwater body and all through-hull fittings, sea 
chests, sea valves, sea strainers, and valves for the emergency bilge 
suction.
    (b) Internal structural examination means an examination of the 
vessel while afloat or in drydock and consists of a complete examination 
of the vessel's main strength members, including the major internal 
framing, the hull plating, voids, and ballast tanks, but not including 
cargo or fuel oil tanks.
    (c) Underwater survey means the examination, while the vessel is 
afloat, of all accessible parts of the vessel's underwater body and all 
through hull fittings, sea chests, sea valves, sea strainers, and valves 
for the emergency bilge suction.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39656, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988]



Sec. 189.40-3  Drydock examination, underwater survey, and internal structural examination intervals.

    (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this 
section, each vessel must undergo drydock and internal structural 
examinations as follows:
    (1) Vessels that operate in salt water must undergo two drydock and 
two internal structural examinations within any five year period. No 
more than three years may elapse between any two examinations.

[[Page 324]]

    (2) Vessels that operate in fresh water at least six months in every 
12 month period since the last drydock examination must undergo drydock 
and internal structural examinations at intervals not to exceed five 
years.
    (b) Vessels with wooden hulls must undergo two drydock and two 
internal structural examinations within any five year period regardless 
of the type of water in which they operate. No more than three years may 
elapse between any two examinations.
    (c) If, during an internal structural examination or underwater 
survey, damage or deterioration to the hull plating or structural 
members is discovered, the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, may 
require the vessel to be drydocked or otherwise taken out of service to 
further assess the extent of the damage and to effect permanent repairs.
    (d) Each vessel under paragraph (a) of this section that is less 
than 15 years of age may be considered for an underwater survey instead 
of alternate drydock examinations, provided the vessel is fitted with an 
effective hull protection system. Vessel owners or operators must apply 
to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, for approval of underwater 
surveys instead of alternate drydock examinations for each vessel. The 
application must include the following information:
    (1) The procedure to be followed in carrying out the underwater 
survey.
    (2) The location where the underwater survey will be accomplished.
    (3) The method to be used to accurately determine the diver location 
relative to the hull.
    (4) The means that will be provided for examining sea chests, sea 
valves and other through-hull fittings.
    (5) The means that will be provided for tanking shaft bearing 
clearances.
    (6) The condition of the vessel, including the anticipated draft of 
the vessel at the time of the survey.
    (7) A description of the hull protection system.
    (e) Vessels otherwise qualifying under paragraph (d) of this 
section, that are 15 years of age or older may be considered for 
continued participation in the underwater survey program on a case-by-
case basis, if--
    (1) Before the vessel's next scheduled drydocking, the owner or 
operator submits a request for continued participation to Commandant (G-
MOC);
    (2) During the vessel's next drydocking after the request is 
submitted, no appreciable hull deterioration is indicated as a result of 
a complete set of hull gaugings; and
    (3) The results of the hull gauging and the results of the Coast 
Guard drydock examination together with the recommendation of the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, are submitted to Commandant (G-
MOC) for final approval.
    (f) Each vessel which has not met with the applicable examination 
schedules in paragraph (a) through (e) of this section because it is on 
a voyage, must undergo the required examinations upon completion of the 
voyage.
    (g) The Commandant (G-MOC) may authorize extensions to the 
examination intervals specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this 
section.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39656, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988; CGD 95-072, 60 FR 50469, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 189.40-5  Notice and plans required.

    (a) The master, owner, operator, or agent of the vessel shall notify 
the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, whenever the vessel is to be 
drydocked regardless of the reason for drydocking.
    (b) Each vessel, except barges, that holds a Load Line Certificate 
must have on board a plan showing the vessel's scantlings. This plan 
must be made available to the Coast Guard marine inspector whenever the 
vessel undergoes a drydock examination, internal structural examination, 
or underwater survey or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull.
    (c) Each barge that holds a Load Line Certificate must have a plan 
showing the barge's scantlings. The plan need not be maintained on board 
the barge but must be made available to the

[[Page 325]]

Coast Guard marine inspector whenever the barge undergoes a drydock 
examination, internal structural examination, or underwater survey or 
whenever repairs are made to the barge's hull.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39657, Oct. 23, 1987]



           Subpart 189.43--Integral Fuel Oil Tank Examinations



Sec. 189.43-1  When required.

    (a) Each fuel oil tank with at least one side integral to the 
vessel's hull and located within the hull (``integral fuel oil tank'') 
is subject to inspection as provided in this section. The owner or 
operator of the vessel shall have the tanks cleaned out and gas freed as 
necessary to permit internal examination of the tank or tanks designated 
by the marine inspector. The owner or operator shall arrange for an 
examination of the fuel tanks of each vessel during an internal 
structural examination at intervals not to exceed five years.
    (b) Integral non-double-bottom fuel oil tanks need not be cleaned 
out and internally examined if the marine inspector is able to determine 
by external examination that the general condition of the tanks is 
satisfactory.
    (c) Double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels less than 10 years of 
age need not be cleaned out and internally examined if the marine 
inspector is able to determine by external examination that the general 
condition of the tanks is satisfactory.
    (d) All double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels 10 years of age or 
older but less than 15 years of age need not be cleaned out and 
internally examined if the marine inspector is able to determine by 
internal examination of at least one forward double-bottom fuel oil 
tank, and by external examination of all other double-bottom fuel oil 
tanks on the vessel, that the general condition of the tanks is 
satisfactory.
    (e) All double-bottom fuel oil tanks on vessels 15 years of age or 
older need not be cleaned out and internally examined if the marine 
inspector is able to determine by internal examination of at least one 
forward, one amidships, and one aft double-bottom fuel oil tank, and by 
external examination of all other double-bottom fuel oil tanks on the 
vessel, that the general condition of the tanks is satisfactory.

[CGD 84-024, 52 FR 39657, Oct. 23, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 32232, Aug. 
24, 1988]



                 Subpart 189.45--Repairs and Alterations



Sec. 189.45-1   Notice required.

    (a) No repairs or alterations affecting the stability or safety of 
the vessel with regard to the hull, machinery, and equipment shall be 
made without the knowledge of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (b) Drawings of alterations shall be approved before work is started 
unless deemed unnecessary by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (c) Drawings will not be required for repairs in kind.
    (d) Notice is not required for repairs or alterations to scientific 
equipment where the stability or safety of the vessel with regard to the 
hull and machinery or equipment is not affected.



Sec. 189.45-5   Inspection required.

    (a) An inspection, either general or partial depending upon the 
circumstances, shall be made whenever any important repairs or 
alterations are undertaken.



             Subpart 189.50--Special Operating Requirements



Sec. 189.50-1   Inspection and testing required when making alterations, repairs, or other such operations involving riveting, welding, burning, or like fire-
          producing actions.

    (a) The provisions of ``Standard for the Control of Gas Hazards on 
Vessels To Be Repaired,'' NFPA No. 306, published by National Fire 
Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269, shall be 
used as a guide in conducting the inspections and issuance of 
certificates required by this section.
    (b) Until an inspection has been made to determine that such 
operation can be undertaken with safety, no alterations, repairs, or 
other such operations involving riveting, burning,

[[Page 326]]

welding, or like fire-producing actions shall be made:
    (1) Within or on the boundaries of tanks which have been used to 
carry combustible liquids or chemicals; or,
    (2) Within spaces adjacent to tanks which have been used to carry 
Grade D combustible liquids, except where the distance between such 
tanks and the work to be performed is not less than twenty-five (25) 
feet; or,
    (3) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or,
    (4) Within or on the boundaries of tanks carrying Grade B or Grade C 
flammable liquids or within spaces adjacent to such tanks; or,
    (5) To pipelines, heat coils, pumps, fittings, or other 
appurtenances connected to such fuel tanks.
    (c) Such inspections shall be made and evidenced as follows:
    (1) In ports or places in the United States or its territories and 
possessions the inspection shall be made by a marine chemist 
certificated by the National Fire Protection Association; however, if 
the services of such certified marine chemist are not reasonably 
available, the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, upon the 
recommendation of the vessel owner and his contractor or their 
representative shall select a person who, in the case of an individual 
vessel, shall be authorized to make such inspection. If the inspection 
indicates that such operations can be undertaken with safety, a 
certificate setting forth the fact in writing and qualified as may be 
required, shall be issued by the certified marine chemist or the 
authorized person before the work is started. Such qualifications shall 
include any requirements as may be deemed necessary to maintain, insofar 
as can reasonably be done, the safe conditions in the spaces certified 
throughout the operation and shall include such additional tests and 
certifications as considered required. Such qualifications and 
requirements shall include precautions necessary to eliminate or 
minimize hazards that may be present from protective coatings or 
residues from cargoes.
    (2) When not in such a port or place, and a marine chemist or such 
person authorized by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, is not 
reasonably available, the inspection shall be made by the senior officer 
in the crew present and a proper entry shall be made in the vessel's 
logbook.
    (d) It shall be the responsibility of the senior officer present to 
secure copies of certificates issued by the certified marine chemist or 
such person authorized by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. It 
shall be the responsibility of the senior officer in the crew present, 
insofar as the persons under his control are concerned, to maintain a 
safe condition on the vessel by full observance of all qualifications 
and requirements listed by the marine chemist in the certificate.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50469, Sept. 29, 1995]



                      Subpart 189.55--Plan Approval



Sec. 189.55-1   General.

    (a) The following list of required plans in Sec. 189.55-5 is general 
in character, but includes all plans which normally show construction 
and safety features coming under the cognizance of the Coast Guard. In 
the case of a particular vessel, all of the plans enumerated may not be 
applicable and it is intended that only those plans and specifications 
be submitted as will clearly show the vessel's arrangements, 
construction and required equipment.
    (b) In the following list of required plans in Sec. 189.55-5, the 
items which must be approved by the American Bureau of Shipping for 
vessels classed by that organization are indicated by an asterisk. When 
prints bearing record of such approval by the American Bureau of 
Shipping are forwarded to the Coast Guard they will in general be 
accepted as satisfactory except insofar as the law or the Coast Guard 
regulations contain requirements which are not covered by the American 
Bureau of Shipping.



Sec. 189.55-5   Plans and specifications required for new construction.

    (a) General. (1) Specifications.
    (2) General arrangement plan of decks, holds, inner bottoms, etc., 
and including inboard and outboard profile.

[[Page 327]]

    (b) Hull structure.\1\(1) *Inner bottom plating and framing.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\The asterisk (*) indicates items which may require approval by 
the American Bureau of Shipping for vessels classed by that society.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) *Midship section.
    (3) *Shell plating and framing.
    (4) *Stem, stern frame, and rudder.
    (5) *Structural deck plans for strength decks.
    (6) *Pillars and girders.
    (7) *Watertight and oiltight bulkheads.
    (8) *Foundations for main machinery and boilers.
    (9) *Arrangement of ports, doors, and airports in shell plating.
    (10) *Hatch coamings and covers in weather and watertight decks.
    (11) *Details of hinged subdivision watertight doors and operating 
gear.
    (12) *Scuppers and drains penetrating shell plating.
    (13) Weight handling gear when required by the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, as provided for by Sec. 189.35-9.
    (c) Subdivision and stability. Plans required by part 170 of this 
chapter.
    (d) Fire control. (1) General arrangement plans showing for each 
deck the control stations, the various fire sections enclosed by fire 
resisting bulkheads, the arrangement of the alarm and extinguishing 
systems, the fire extinguishers, means of access to different 
compartments and decks and the ventilation system including location of 
ventilation shutdowns, positions of dampers and the number identifying 
each system.
    (2) Ventilation diagram including dampers and other fire control 
features.
    (3) Details of alarm systems.
    (4) Details of extinguishing systems, including fire mains, carbon 
dioxide, foam and sprinkling systems.
    (e) Marine engineering. For plans required for marine engineering 
equipment and systems. See Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this 
chapter.
    (f) Electrical engineering. For plans required for electrical 
engineering, equipment, and systems, see Subchapter J (Electrical 
Engineering) of this chapter.
    (g) Lifesaving equipment. These plans are to show the location and 
arrangement of embarkation decks, all overboard discharges and 
projections in way of launching lifeboats, weights of lifeboats fully 
equipped and loaded, working loads of davits and winches, types and 
sizes of falls, the manufacturer's name and identification for all 
equipment, and all other relevant and necessary information.
    (1) Arrangement of lifeboats.
    (2) Arrangement of davits.
    (3) Location and stowage of liferafts and buoyant apparatus.
    (h) Accommodations for crewmembers and scientific personnel. 
Arrangement plans showing accommodations, ventilation, escapes, 
hospitals, and sanitary facilities for all crewmembers and scientific 
personnel.
    (i) Magazines and magazine vans. (1) All plans relating to the 
arrangement, construction, ventilation, and fire protection system for 
magazines and magazine vans. (The plans required for magazines and 
magazine vans to be installed or carried on a vessel after the vessel is 
in operation, are set forth in subpart 195.11 of this subchapter.)
    (2) Ventilation and sprinkler system calculations for magazines and 
magazine vans.
    (j) For vessels of 100 meters (328 feet) or more in length 
contracted for on or after September 7, 1990, a plan must be included 
which shows how visibility from the navigation bridge will meet the 
standards contained in Sec. 190.02-15 of this subchapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 79-023, 48 FR 
51052, Nov. 4, 1983; CGD 85-099, 55 FR 32249, Aug. 8, 1990; CGD 88-032, 
56 FR 35829, July 29, 1991; 56 FR 46354, Sept. 11, 1991; 56 FR 50754, 
Oct. 8, 1991]



Sec. 189.55-10   Plans required for alterations of existing vessels.

    (a) In the event of alterations involving the safety of the vessel, 
the applicable plans shall be submitted for approval covering the 
proposed work except as modified by Sec. 189.45-1.



Sec. 189.55-15   Procedure for submittal of plans.

    (a) As the relative location of shipyards, design offices, and Coast 
Guard offices vary throughout the country, no specific routing will be 
required in the submittal of plans. In general, one

[[Page 328]]

of the following procedures would apply, but in a particular case, if a 
more expeditious procedure can be used, there will be no objection to 
its adoption.
    (1) The plans may be submitted to the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection, in the district in which the vessel is to be built. This 
procedure will be most expeditious in the case of those offices where 
personnel and facilities are available for examination and approval of 
plans locally.
    (2) The plans may be submitted directly to the Commanding Officer, 
Marine Safety Center, U.S. Coast Guard, Washington, DC 20590-0001. In 
this case, the plans will be returned directly to the submitter, with a 
copy of the action being forwarded to the interested Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection.
    (3) The plans may be submitted directly to Commanding Officer, U.S. 
Coast Guard Marine Safety Center, 400 Seventh St., SW., Washington, DC 
20590-0001.
    (4) In the case of classed vessels, upon specific request by the 
submitter, the American Bureau of Shipping will arrange to forward the 
necessary plans to the Coast Guard indicating its action thereon. In 
this case, the plans will be returned as noted in paragraph (a)(2) of 
this section.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 82-063b, 48 FR 
4783, Feb. 3, 1983; CGD 85-048b, 51 FR 15498, Apr. 24, 1986; CGD 88-070, 
53 FR 34538, Sept. 7, 1988; CGD 89-025, 54 FR 19572, May 8, 1989; CGD 
95-072, 60 FR 50469, Sept. 29, 1995; 60 FR 54106, Oct. 19, 1995; CGD 96-
041, 61 FR 50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 189.55-20   Number of plans required.

    (a) Three copies of each plan are normally required so that one can 
be returned to the submitter. If the submitter desires additional 
approved plans, a suitable number should be submitted to permit the 
required distribution.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69-116, 35 FR 
6862 Apr. 30, 1970]



 Subpart 189.60--Certificates Under International Convention for Safety 
                          of Life at Sea, 1974



Sec. 189.60-1  Application.

    The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all oceanographic 
research vessels on an international voyage. (See Sec. 188.05-10 of this 
subchapter.)

[CGD 95-012, 60 FR 48052, Sept. 18, 1995; 60 FR 50120, Sept. 28, 1995]



Sec. 189.60-5   Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate.

    (a) All vessels on an international voyage are required to have a 
Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate. This certificate shall be 
issued by the U.S. Coast Guard or the American Bureau of Shipping to 
certain vessels on behalf of the United States of America as provided in 
Regulation 12, Chapter I, of the International Convention for Safety of 
Life at Sea, 1974.
    (b) All such vessels shall meet the applicable requirements of this 
chapter for vessels on an international voyage.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 90-008, 55 FR 
30665, July 26, 1990]



Sec. 189.60-10   Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate.

    (a) All vessels on an international voyage are required to have a 
Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate.
    (b) All such vessels shall meet the applicable requirements of this 
chapter for vessels on an international voyage.



Sec. 189.60-15   Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelegraphy Certificate.

    (a) The application for Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelegraphy 
Certificate is made on FCC Form 801 to the local office of the Federal 
Communications Commission.
    (b) Where applicable, a Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelegraphy 
Certificate will be issued by the Federal Communications Commission to a 
vessel meeting its requirements for a vessel fitted with a 
radiotelegraph installation.

[[Page 329]]



Sec. 189.60-20   Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelephony Certificate.

    (a) The application for a Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelephony 
Certificate is made on FCC Form 801 to the local office of the Federal 
Communications Commission.
    (b) Where applicable, a Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelephony Certificate 
will be issued by the Federal Communications Commission to a vessel 
meeting its applicable requirements for a vessel fitted with a 
radiotelephone installation.



Sec. 189.60-25   Exemption Certificate.

    (a) A vessel may be exempted by the Commandant from complying with 
certain requirements of the Convention under his administration upon 
request made in writing to him and transmitted via the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (b) When an exemption is granted to a vessel by the Commandant under 
and in accordance with the Convention, an Exemption Certificate 
describing such exemption shall be issued through the appropriate 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, in addition to other required 
certificates.



Sec. 189.60-35   Posting of Convention certificates.

    (a) The certificates described in this subpart, or certified copies 
thereof, when issued to a vessel shall be posted in a prominent and 
accessible place on the vessel.
    (b) The certificates shall be carried in a manner similar to that 
described in Sec. 189.01-5 for a certificate of inspection.



Sec. 189.60-40   Duration of certificates.

    (a) A Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate shall be issued for a 
period of not more than 24 months.
    (b) A Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate shall be issued for 
a period of not more than 60 months.
    (c) A Cargo Ship Safety Radiotelegraphy Certificate and a Cargo Ship 
Safety Radiotelephony Certificate shall be issued for a period of not 
more than 12 months.
    (d) An Exemption Certificate shall not be valid for longer than the 
period of the certificate to which it refers.
    (e) A Convention Certificate may be withdrawn, revoked, or suspended 
at any time when it is determined the vessel is no longer in compliance 
with applicable requirements. (See Sec. 2.01-70 of this chapter for 
procedures governing appeals.)

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 95-012, 60 FR 
48052, Sept. 18, 1995; 60 FR 50120, Sept. 28, 1995]



Sec. 189.60-45   American Bureau of Shipping.

    (a) The American Bureau of Shipping, with its home office at Two 
World Trade Center, 106th Floor, New York, NY 10048, is hereby 
designated as an organization duly authorized to issue the ``Cargo Ship 
Safety Construction Certificate'' to certain oceanographic research 
vessels on behalf of the United States of America as provided in 
Regulation 12, Chapter I, of the International Convention for Safety of 
Life at Sea, 1974, and Executive Order 12234 and the certificate shall 
be subject to the requirements in this subpart. The American Bureau of 
Shipping is authorized to place the official seal of the United States 
of America on the certificate. This designation and delegation to the 
American Bureau of Shipping shall be in effect until terminated by 
proper authority and notice of cancellation is published in the Federal 
Register.
    (b) At the option of the owner or agent of a vessel on an 
international voyage and on direct application to the American Bureau of 
Shipping, the Bureau may issue to such vessel a Cargo Ship Safety 
Construction Certificate, having a period of validity of not more than 
60 months after ascertaining that the vessel:
    (1) Has met the applicable requirements of the Convention; and
    (2) Is currently classed by the Bureau and classification 
requirements have been dealt with to the satisfaction of the Bureau.
    (c) When the Bureau determines that a vessel to which it has issued 
a Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate no longer complies with the 
Bureau's applicable requirements for classification, the Bureau shall 
immediately furnish to the Coast Guard all relevant information, which 
will be used by the

[[Page 330]]

Coast Guard to determine whether or not to withdraw, revoke or suspend 
the Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1118, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 77-081, 46 FR 
56204, Nov. 16, 1981; CGD 90-008, 55 FR 30665, July 26, 1990; CGD 96-
041, 61 FR 50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



PART 190--CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT--Table of Contents




                     Subpart 190.01--Hull Structure

Sec.
190.01-1   Application.
190.01-3   Incorporation by reference.
190.01-5   Vessels subject to load line.
190.01-10  Structural standards.
190.01-15  Special consideration.
190.01-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

              Subpart 190.02--Navigation Bridge Visibility

190.02-1   Navigation bridge visibility

                Subpart 190.03--Subdivision and Stability

190.03-1   General.

                 Subpart 190.05--General Fire Protection

190.05-1   Application.
190.05-3   Fire hazards to be minimized.
190.05-5   Woodwork insulated from heated surfaces.
190.05-10  Chemical storeroom and lamp room construction.
190.05-15  Segregation of spaces containing the emergency source of 
          electric power.
190.05-20  Segregation of chemical laboratories and chemical storerooms.

               Subpart 190.07--Structural Fire Protection

190.07-1   Application.
190.07-5   Definitions.
190.07-10  Construction.
190.07-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

                     Subpart 190.10--Means of Escape

190.10-1   Application.
190.10-5   Two means required.
190.10-10  Location.
190.10-15  Vertical ladders not accepted.
190.10-20  No means for locking doors.
190.10-25  Stairway size.
190.10-30  Dead end corridors.
190.10-35  Public spaces.
190.10-40  Access to lifeboats.
190.10-45  Weather deck communications.
190.10-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

                       Subpart 190.15--Ventilation

190.15-1   Application.
190.15-5   Vessels using fuel having a flashpoint of 110 deg. F. or 
          lower.
190.15-10  Ventilation for closed spaces.
190.15-15  Ventilation for living spaces and quarters.
190.15-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

   Subpart 190.20--Accommodations for Officers, Crew, and Scientific 
                                Personnel

190.20-1   Application.
190.20-5   Intent.
190.20-10  Location of crew spaces.
190.20-15  Construction.
190.20-20  Sleeping accommodations.
190.20-25  Washrooms and toilet rooms.
190.20-30  Messrooms.
190.20-35  Hospital space.
190.20-40  Other spaces.
190.20-45  Lighting.
190.20-50  Heating and cooling.
190.20-55  Insect screens.
190.20-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

                    Subpart 190.25--Rails and Guards

190.25-1   Application.
190.25-5   Where rails required.
190.25-10  Storm rails.
190.25-15  Guards in dangerous places.
190.25-90  Vessels contracted for prior to July 1, 1969.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2113, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 
1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1125, Jan. 27, 1968, unless otherwise 
noted.



                     Subpart 190.01--Hull Structure



Sec. 190.01-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 190.01-90, shall apply to all vessels contracted for on or after 
March 1, 1968.
    (b) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
requirements of Sec. 190.01-90.



Sec. 190.01-3  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a). To enforce any edition other than that specified 
in paragraph (b) of

[[Page 331]]

this section, the Coast Guard must publish notice of change in the 
Federal Register and make the material available to the public. All 
approved material is on file at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 
North Capitol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC, and at the U.S. 
Coast Guard, Office of Design and Engineering Standards (G-MSE), 2100 
Second Street SW., Washington, DC 20593-0001 and is available from the 
sources indicated in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
part and the sections affected are:

            American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM F-1196, Sliding Watertight Door Assemblies, 1989..........190.01-13
ASTM F-1197, Sliding Watertight Door Assemblies, 1989..........189.01-13

[CGD 88-032, 56 FR 35829, July 29, 1991, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50469, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50735, Sept. 27, 1996; 61 FR 
52497, Oct. 7, 1996]



Sec. 190.01-5   Vessels subject to load line.

    (a) For vessels assigned a load line, see Subchapter E (Load Lines) 
of this chapter for special requirements as to strength, closure of 
openings, etc.



Sec. 190.01-10   Structural standards.

    (a) In general, compliance with the standards established by the 
American Bureau of Shipping, see subpart 188.35 of this subchapter, will 
be considered as satisfactory evidence of the structural efficiency of 
the vessel. However, in special cases, a detailed analysis of the entire 
structure or some integral part may be made by the Coast Guard to 
determine the structural requirements.



Sec. 190.01-15   Special consideration.

    (a) Special consideration will be given to the structural 
requirements for small vessels or vessels of an unusual design not 
contemplated by the rules of the American Bureau of Shipping.



Sec. 190.01-90   Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Existing structure previously approved will be considered 
satisfactory so long as it is maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs 
and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original 
construction.
    (b) Conversions, major alterations, new installations, and 
replacements, shall meet the applicable specifications in this subpart 
for new vessels.



              Subpart 190.02--Navigation Bridge Visibility



Sec. 190.02-1  Navigation bridge visibility.

    Each oceanographic research vessel which is 100 meters (328 feet) or 
more in length and contracted for on or after September 7, 1990, must 
meet the following requirements:
    (a) The field of vision from the navigation bridge, whether the 
vessel is in a laden or unladen condition, must be such that:
    (1) From the conning position, the view of the sea surface is not 
obscured forward of the bow by more than the lesser of two ship lengths 
or 500 meters (1640 feet) from dead ahead to 10 degrees on either side 
of the vessel. Within this arc of visibility any blind sector caused by 
cargo, cargo gear, or other permanent obstruction must not exceed 5 
degrees.
    (2) From the conning position, the horizontal field of vision 
extends over an arc from at least 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on one 
side of the vessel, through dead ahead, to at least 22.5 degrees abaft 
the beam on the other side of the vessel. Blind sectors forward of the 
beam caused by cargo, cargo gear, or other permanent obstruction must 
not exceed 10 degrees each, nor total more than 20 degrees, including 
any blind sector within the arc of visibility described in paragraph 
(a)(1) of this section.
    (3) From each bridge wing, the field of vision extends over an arc 
from at least 45 degrees on the opposite bow, through dead ahead, to at 
least dead astern.
    (4) From the main steering position, the field of vision extends 
over an arc from dead ahead to at least 60 degrees on either side of the 
vessel.

[[Page 332]]

    (5) From each bridge wing, the respective side of the vessel is 
visible forward and aft.
    (b) Windows fitted on the navigation bridge must be arranged so 
that:
    (1) Framing between windows is kept to a minimum and is not 
installed immediately in front of any work station.
    (2) Front windows are inclined from the vertical plane, top out, at 
an angle of not less than 10 degrees and not more than 25 degrees.
    (3) The height of the lower edge of the front windows is limited to 
prevent any obstruction of the forward view previously described in this 
section.
    (4) The height of the upper edge of the front windows allows a 
forward view of the horizon at the conning position, for a person with a 
height of eye of 1.8 meters (71 inches), when the vessel is at a forward 
pitch angle of 20 degrees.
    (c) Polarized or tinted windows must not be fitted.


[CGD 85-099, 55 FR 32249, Aug. 8, 1990]



                Subpart 190.03--Subdivision and Stability



Sec. 190.03-1  General.

    Each vessel must comply with the applicable requirements in 
Subchapter S of this chapter.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51053, Nov. 4, 1983]



                 Subpart 190.05--General Fire Protection



Sec. 190.05-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels, 
except as noted otherwise in this subpart.
    (b) Non-self-propelled vessels of less than 300 gross tons shall not 
be subject to the provisions of this subpart.



Sec. 190.05-3   Fire hazards to be minimized.

    (a) The general construction of the vessel shall be such as to 
minimize fire hazards.



Sec. 190.05-5   Woodwork insulated from heated surfaces.

    (a) Internal combustion engine exhausts, boiler, and galley uptakes, 
and similar sources of ignition shall be kept clear of and suitably 
insulated from any woodwork or other combustible matter.



Sec. 190.05-10   Chemical storeroom and lamp room construction.

    (a) Chemical storerooms, lamp, paint, and oil lockers and similar 
compartments shall be constructed of steel or shall be wholly lined with 
metal.



Sec. 190.05-15   Segregation of spaces containing the emergency source of electric power.

    (a) When a compartment containing the emergency source of electric 
power, or vital components thereof, adjoins a space containing either 
the ship's service generators or machinery necessary for the operation 
of the ship's service generators, all common bulkheads and/or decks 
shall be protected by approved ``structural insulation'' or other 
approved material. This protection shall be such as to be capable of 
preventing an excessive temperature rise in the space containing the 
emergency source of electric power, or vital components thereof, for a 
period of at least 1 hour in the event of fire in the adjoining space. 
Bulkheads or decks meeting Class A-60 requirements, as defined by 
Sec. 72.05-10 of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter, will 
be considered as meeting the requirements of this paragraph.



Sec. 190.05-20   Segregation of chemical laboratories and chemical storerooms.

    (a) The provisions of this section shall apply to all vessels 
contracted for on or after March 1, 1968.
    (b) Chemical storerooms shall not be located in horizontal proximity 
to nor below accommodation or safety areas.
    (c) Chemical storerooms shall not be located adjacent to the 
collision bulkhead, nor boundary divisions of the boilerroom, 
engineroom, galley, or other high fire hazard area.
    (d) Chemical laboratories shall not be located adjacent to nor 
immediately below safety areas. Wherever possible they shall be 
similarly separated from accomodation spaces and high fire hazard areas 
such as the galley.

[[Page 333]]



               Subpart 190.07--Structural Fire Protection



Sec. 190.07-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 190.07-90, shall apply to all vessels of 4,000 gross tons and over 
carrying not more than 150 persons and contracted for on or after March 
1, 1968.
    (b) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 190.07-90, shall apply to all vessels of 300 gross tons and over, 
but less than 4,000 gross tons, carrying in excess of 16 persons in the 
scientific party but not more than 150 persons and contracted for on or 
after March 1, 1968.
    (c) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
requirements of Sec. 190.07-90.
    (d) Those vessels which carry more than 150 persons shall meet the 
requirements in Secs. 72.05-5 through 72.05-60 of Subchapter H 
(Passenger Vessels) of this chapter.



Sec. 190.07-5   Definitions.

    (a) Standard fire tests. A standard fire test is one which develops 
in the test furnace a series of time temperature relationships as 
follows:

                                      5 minutes--1,000 deg. F.          
                                     10 minutes--1,300 deg. F.          
                                     30 minutes--1,550 deg. F.          
                                     60 minutes--1,700 deg. F.          

    (b) A Class divisions. Bulkheads or decks of the A Class shall be 
composed of steel or equivalent metal construction, suitably stiffened 
and made intact with the main structure of the vessel; such as shell, 
structural bulkheads, and decks. They shall be so constructed, that if 
subjected to the standard fire test, they would be capable of preventing 
the passage of flame and smoke for 1 hour.
    (c) B Class bulkheads. Bulkheads of the B Class shall be constructed 
with approved incombustible materials and made intact from deck to deck 
and to shell or other boundaries. They shall be so constructed that, if 
subjected to the standard fire test, they would be capable of preventing 
the passage of flame for one-half hour.
    (d) C Class divisions. Bulkheads or decks of the C Class shall be 
constructed of approved incombustible materials, but need meet no 
requirements relative to the passage of flame.
    (e) Steel or other equivalent metal. Where the term steel or other 
equivalent metal is used in this subpart, it is intended to require a 
material which, by itself or due to insulation provided, has structural 
and integrity qualities equivalent to steel at the end of the applicable 
fire exposure.
    (f) Approved material. Where in this subpart approved materials are 
required, they refer to materials approved under the applicable subparts 
of part 164 of Subchapter Q (Specifications) of this chapter, as 
follows:

Deck coverings............................................       164.006
Structural insulation.....................................       164.007
Bulkhead panels...........................................       164.008
Incombustible materials...................................       164.009
Interior finish...........................................       164.012
                                                                        

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1125, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 74-155, 41 FR 
17910, Apr. 29, 1976]



Sec. 190.07-10   Construction.

    (a) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and 
deckhouses shall be constructed of steel. Alternately, the Commandant 
may permit the use of other suitable material in special cases, having 
in mind the risk of fire.
    (b) The boundary bulkheads of general laboratory areas, chemical 
storerooms, galleys, paint and lamp lockers and emergency generator 
rooms shall be of ``A'' class construction.
    (1) Permanently installed divisional bulkheads between laboratories 
spaces within a general laboratory area may be of B or C class 
construction.
    (2) Temporary divisional bulkheads between laboratory spaces within 
a general laboratory area may be constructed of combustible materials 
when they are necessary to facilitate a specific scientific mission.
    (c) The boundary bulkheads and decks separating the accomodations 
and control stations from hold and machinery spaces, galleys, main 
pantries, laboratories, and storerooms, other than small service 
lockers, shall be of ``A'' Class construction.
    (1) The boundary bulkheads and decks separating general laboratory

[[Page 334]]

areas of 500 square feet or less from accommodations and control 
stations shall be of ``A-15'' Class construction as defined by 
Sec. 72.05-10 of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter.
    (2) The boundary bulkheads and decks separating general laboratory 
areas of over 500 square feet from accommodations and control stations 
shall be of ``A-30'' Class construction as defined by Sec. 72.05-10 of 
Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter.
    (d) Within the accommodation and service areas the following 
conditions shall apply:
    (1) Corridor bulkheads in accommodation spaces shall be of the ``A'' 
or ``B'' Class intact from deck to deck. Stateroom doors in such 
bulkheads may have a louver in the lower half.
    (2) Elevator, dumbwaiter, stairtower, and other trunks shall be of 
``A'' Class construction.
    (3) Bulkheads not already specified to be of ``A'' or ``B'' Class 
construction may be of ``A'', ``B'', or ``C'' Class construction.
    (4) The integrity of any deck in way of a stairway, shall be 
maintained by means of ``A'' or ``B'' class bulkheads and doors at one 
level. The integrity of a stairtower shall be maintained by ``A'' class 
doors at every level. The door shall be of the self-closing type. 
Holdback hooks will not be permitted. However, magnetic holdbacks 
operated from the bridge or other suitable remote control positions are 
acceptable.
    (5) Interior stairs, including stringers and treads, shall be of 
steel.
    (6) Except for washrooms and toilet spaces, deck coverings within 
accommodation spaces shall be of an approved type. However, overlays for 
leveling or finishing purposes which do not meet the requirements for an 
approved deck covering may be used in thicknesses not exceeding three-
eights of an inch.
    (7) Ceilings, linings, and insulation, including pipe and duct 
laggings, shall be approved incombustible materials.
    (8) Any sheathing, furring, or holding pieces incidental to the 
securing of any bulkhead, ceiling, lining, or insulation shall be of 
approved incombustible materials.
    (9) Bulkheads, linings, and ceiling may have a combustible veneer 
within a room not to exceed two twenty-eighths of an inch in thickness. 
However, combustible veneers, trim, decorations, etc., shall not be used 
in corridors or hidden spaces. This is not intended to preclude the use 
of an approved interior finish or a reasonable number of coats of paint.
    (e) Nitrocellulose or other highly flammable or noxious fume-
producing paints or lacquers shall not be used.
    (f) The provisions of paragraphs (d) (1) through (9) of this section 
apply to control spaces on vessels whose initial Application for 
Inspection is submitted to an Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection on or 
after June 15, 1987.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1125, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 84-073, 52 FR 
18364, May 15, 1987; 52 FR 22751, June 15, 1987]



Sec. 190.07-90   Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Existing structure arrangements and materials previously 
approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are maintained 
in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to the same 
standards as the original construction.
    (b) Conversions, major alterations, new installations, and 
replacements shall comply with the applicable specifications and 
requirements in this subpart for new vessels.



                     Subpart 190.10--Means of Escape



Sec. 190.10-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 190.10-90, shall apply to all vessels other than non-self-propelled 
vessels of less than 300 gross tons, contracted for on or after March 1, 
1968.
    (b) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
requirements of Sec. 190.10-90.
    (c) Non-self-propelled vessels of less than 300 gross tons shall not 
be subject to the provisions of this subpart.



Sec. 190.10-5   Two means required.

    (a) There shall be at least two means of escape from all general 
areas where the crew or scientific personnel may be quartered or 
normally employed. At

[[Page 335]]

least one of these two means of escape shall be independent of 
watertight doors and hatches, except for quick acting watertight doors 
giving final access to weather decks.



Sec. 190.10-10   Location.

    (a) The two means of escape shall be as remote as practicable so as 
to minimize the possibility of one incident blocking both escapes.



Sec. 190.10-15   Vertical ladders not accepted.

    (a) Vertical ladders and deck scuttles shall not in general be 
considered satisfactory as one of the required means of escape. However, 
where it is demonstrated that the installation of a stairway would be 
impracticable, a vertical ladder may be used as the second means of 
escape.



Sec. 190.10-20   No means for locking doors.

    (a) No means shall be provided for locking door giving access to 
either of the two required means of escape except that crash doors or 
locking devices, capable of being easily forced in an emergency, may be 
employed provided a permanent and conspicuous notice to this effect is 
attached to both sides of the door. This paragraph shall not apply to 
outside doors to deckhouses where such doors are locked by key only and 
such key is under the control of one of the vessel's officers.



Sec. 190.10-25   Stairway size.

    (a) Stairways shall be of sufficient width having in mind the number 
of persons having access to such stairs for escape purposes.
    (b) All interior stairways, other than those within the machinery 
spaces, shall have minimum width of 28 inches. The angle of inclination 
with the horizontal of such stairways shall not exceed 50 deg..
    (c) Special consideration for relief may be given if it is shown to 
be unreasonable or impracticable to meet the requirements in this 
section.



Sec. 190.10-30   Dead end corridors.

    (a) Dead end corridors, or the equivalent, more than 40 feet in 
length shall not be permitted.



Sec. 190.10-35   Public spaces.

    (a) In all cases, public spaces having a deck area of over 300 
square feet shall have at least two exits. Where practicable, these 
exits shall give egress to different corridors, rooms, or spaces to 
minimize the possibility of one incident blocking both exits.



Sec. 190.10-40   Access to lifeboats.

    (a) The stairways, corridors, and doors shall be so arranged as to 
permit a ready and direct access to the various lifeboat and liferaft 
embarkation areas.



Sec. 190.10-45   Weather deck communications.

    (a) Vertical communication shall be provided between the various 
weather decks by means of permanent inclined ladders.



Sec. 190.10-90   Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Existing arrangements previously approved will be considered 
satisfactory so long as they are maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs 
and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original 
design: Provided, That in no case will a greater departure from the 
standards of Secs. 190.10-5 through 190.10-45 be permitted than 
presently exists. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as 
exempting any vessel from having two means of escape from all main 
compartments where persons on board may be quartered or normally 
employed.



                       Subpart 190.15--Ventilation



Sec. 190.15-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 190.15-90, shall apply to all vessels other than non-self-propelled 
vessels of less than 300 gross tons, contracted for on or after March 1, 
1968.
    (b) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
requirements of Sec. 190.15-90.
    (c) Non-self-propelled vessels of less than 300 gross tons shall not 
be subject to the provisions of this subpart.

[[Page 336]]



Sec. 190.15-5   Vessels using fuel having a flashpoint of 110 deg. F. or lower.


    (a) Spaces containing machinery which uses, or tanks which contain, 
fuel having a flashpoint of 110 deg. F. or lower shall have natural 
supply and mechanical exhaust ventilation as required by this section.
    (b) The mechanical exhaust system shall be such as to assure the air 
changes as noted in Table 190.15-5(b) depending on the size of the 
space.

                            Table 190.15-5(b)                           
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Size of space, cubic feet                              
------------------------------------------------------------  Minute per
                     Over                         Not over    air change
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        500            2
500...........................................         1000            3
1000..........................................         1500            4
1500..........................................  ...........            5
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) Exhaust blower motors, unless of a totally enclosed, explosion-
proof type, shall be located outside of the ducts and outside of the 
compartment required to be ventilated. Exhaust blower motors if mounted 
in any compartment shall be located as high above the bilge as 
practicable. Blower blades shall be nonsparking with reference to their 
housings.
    (d) Exhaust blower switches shall be located outside of any space 
required to be ventilated by this section, and shall be of the type 
interlocked with the ignition switch so that the blowers are started 
before the engine ignition is switched on. A red warning sign at the 
switch shall state that the blowers shall be operated prior to starting 
the engines for a sufficient time to insure at least one complete change 
of air in the compartments.
    (e) The area of the ducts shall be such as to limit the air velocity 
to a maximum of 2,000 feet per minute. Ducts may be of any shape: 
Provided, That in no case shall one cross section dimension exceed twice 
the other.
    (f) At least two inlet ducts shall be located at one end of the 
compartment and they shall extend to the lowest part of the compartment 
or bilge on each side. Similar exhaust ducts shall be led to the 
mechanical exhaust system from the lowest part of the compartment or 
bilge on each side of the compartment at the end opposite from that at 
which the inlet ducts are fitted. These ducts shall be so installed that 
ordinary collection of water in the bilge will not close off the ducts.
    (g) All ducts shall be of steel construction and reasonably gastight 
from end to end. The ducts shall lead as direct as possible and be 
properly fastened and supported.
    (h) All supply ducts shall be provided with cowls or scoops having a 
free area not less than twice the required duct area. When the cowls or 
scoops are screened, the mouth area shall be increased to compensate for 
the area of the screen wire. Dampers shall not be fitted in the supply 
ducts. Cowls or scoops shall be kept open at all times except when the 
stress of weather is such as to endanger the vessel if the openings are 
not temporarily closed. Supply and exhaust openings shall not be located 
where the natural flow of air is unduly obstructed, or adjacent to 
possible sources of vapor ignition, nor shall they be so located that 
exhaust air may be taken into the supply vents.
    (i) Provision shall be made for closing all cowls or scoops when the 
fixed carbon dioxide system is operated.



Sec. 190.15-10   Ventilation for closed spaces.

    (a) All enclosed spaces within the vessel shall be properly vented 
or ventilated. Means shall be provided to close off all vents and 
ventilators.
    (b) Means shall be provided for stopping all fans in ventilation 
systems serving the chemical laboratories, scientific laboratories, 
chemical storerooms, and machinery spaces and for closing all doorways, 
ventilators, and annular spaces around funnels and other openings to 
such spaces, from outside these spaces, in case of fire.
    (c) See Secs. 194.15-5 and 194.20-5 of this subchapter for 
ventilation of chemical laboratories, scientific laboratories, and 
storerooms.



Sec. 190.15-15   Ventilation for living spaces and quarters.

    (a) All living spaces shall be adequately ventilated in a manner 
suitable to the purpose of the space.
    (b) All spaces used as quarters for crewmembers and scientific 
personnel

[[Page 337]]

shall be ventilated by a mechanical system unless it can be shown that a 
natural system will provide adequate ventilation. By a natural system is 
meant those spaces so located that the windows, ports, skylights, etc., 
and doors to passageways can be kept open and thereby provide adequate 
ventilation under all ordinary conditions of weather.



Sec. 190.15-90   Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Existing arrangements previously approved will be considered 
satisfactory so long as they are maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs 
and alterations may be made to the same standards as the original 
design: Provided, That in no case will a greater departure from the 
standards of Secs. 190.15-5 through 190.15-15 be permitted than 
presently exists.



    Subpart 190.20--Accomodations for Officers, Crew, and Scientific 
                                Personnel

    Source: CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26011, May 23, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 190.20-1  Application.

    (a) Except as noted below, the provisions of this subpart apply to 
all vessels contracted for on or after March 1, 1968.
    (b) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, must meet the 
requirements of Sec. 190.20-90.



Sec. 190.20-5  Intent.

    (a) The accommodations provided for officers, crew, and scientific 
personnel on all vessels must be securely constructed, properly lighted, 
heated, drained, ventilated, equipped, located, arranged, and, where 
practicable, shall be insulated from undue noise, heat, and odors.
    (b) Provided the intent of this subpart is met, consideration may be 
given by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection to relax the 
requirements relating to the size and separation of accommodations for 
scientific personnel.



Sec. 190.20-10  Location of crew spaces.

    (a) Crew quarters must not be located farther forward in the vessel 
than a vertical plane located at 5 percent of the vessel's length abaft 
the forward side of the stem at the designated summer load water line. 
However, for vessels in other than ocean or coastwise service, this 
distance need not exceed 8.5 meters (28 feet). For purpose of this 
paragraph, the vessel's length shall be as defined in Sec. 43.15-1 of 
subchapter E (Load Lines) of this chapter. Unless approved by the 
Commandant, no section of the deck head of the crew spaces may be below 
the deepest load line.
    (b) There must be no direct communication, except through solid, 
close fitted doors or hatches between crew spaces and chain lockers, or 
machinery spaces.



Sec. 190.20-15  Construction.

    All crew spaces are to be constructed and arranged in a manner 
suitable to the purpose for which they are intended and so they can be 
kept in a clean, workable and sanitary condition.



Sec. 190.20-20  Sleeping accommodations.

    (a) Where practicable, each licensed officer must be provided with a 
separate stateroom.
    (b) Sleeping accommodations for the crew must be divided into rooms, 
no one of which must berth more than 4 persons.
    (c) Each room must be of such size that there are at least 2.78 
square meters (30 square feet) of deck area and a volume of at least 5.8 
cubic meters (210 cubic feet) for each person accommodated. The clear 
head room must be not less than 190 centimeters (75 inches). In 
measuring sleeping accommodations any furnishings contained therein for 
the use of the occupants are not to be deducted from the total volume or 
from the deck area.
    (d) Each person shall have a separate berth and not more than one 
berth may be placed above another. The berth must be composed of 
materials not likely to corrode. The overall size of a berth must not be 
less than 68 centimeters (27 inches) wide by 190 centimeters (75 inches) 
long, except by special permission of the Commandant.

[[Page 338]]

Where two tiers of berths are fitted, the bottom of the lower berth must 
not be less than 30 centimeters (12 inches) above the deck. The berths 
must not be obstructed by pipes, ventilating ducts, or other 
installations.
    (e) A locker must be provided for each person accommodated in a 
room.



Sec. 190.20-25  Washrooms and toilet rooms.

    (a) There must be provided at least 1 toilet, 1 washbasin, and 1 
shower or bathtub for each 8 members or portion thereof in the crew to 
be accommodated who do not occupy rooms to which private or semi-private 
facilities are attached.
    (b) The toilet rooms and washrooms must be located convenient to the 
sleeping quarters of the crew to which they are allotted but must not 
open directly into such quarters except when they are provided as 
private or semi-private facilities.
    (c) All washbasins, showers, and bathtubs must be equipped with 
adequate plumbing, including hot and cold running water. All toilets 
must be installed with adequate plumbing for flushing. Where more than 1 
toilet is located in a space or compartment, each toilet must be 
separated by partitions.



Sec. 190.20-30  Messrooms.

    (a) Messrooms must be located as near to the galley as is 
practicable except where the messroom is equipped with a steam table.
    (b) Each messroom must seat the number of persons expected to eat in 
the messroom at one time.



Sec. 190.20-35  Hospital space.

    (a) Except as specifically modified by paragraph (f) of this 
section, each vessel which in the ordinary course of its trade makes 
voyages of more than 3 days duration between ports and which carries a 
crew of 12 or more, must be provided with a hospital space. This space 
must be situated with regard to the comfort of the sick so that they may 
receive proper attention in all weather.
    (b) The hospital must be suitably separated from other spaces and 
must be used for the care of the sick and for no other purpose.
    (c) The hospital must be fitted with berths in the ratio of 1 berth 
to every 12 members of the crew or portion thereof who are not berthed 
in single occupancy rooms, but the number of berths need not exceed 6. 
Where all single occupancy rooms are provided, the requirement for a 
separate hospital may be withdrawn, provided that 1 stateroom is fitted 
with a bunk accessible from both sides.
    (d) [Reserved]
    (e) The hospital must have a toilet, washbasin, and bathtub or 
shower conveniently situated. Other necessary suitable equipment such as 
a clothes locker, a table and a seat must be provided.
    (f) On vessels in which the crew is berthed in single occupancy 
rooms, a hospital space will not be required, provided that 1 room must 
be designated and fitted with use as a treatment or isolation room. This 
room must meet the following standards:
    (1) The room must be available for immediate medical use; and
    (2) A washbasin with hot and cold running water must be installed 
either in or immediately adjacent to the space and other required 
sanitary facilities must be conveniently located.



Sec. 190.20-40  Other spaces.

    Each vessel shall have--
    (a) Sufficient facilities where the crew may wash and dry their own 
clothes, including at least 1 sink supplied with hot and cold fresh 
water;
    (b) Recreation spaces; and
    (c) A space or spaces of adequate size on the open deck to which the 
crew has access when off duty.



Sec. 190.20-45  Lighting.

    Each berth must have a light.



Sec. 190.20-50  Heating and cooling.

    (a) All manned spaces must be adequately heated and cooled in a 
manner suitable to the purpose of the space.
    (b) Radiators and other heating apparatus must be so placed and 
shielded, where necessary, to avoid risk of fire, danger or discomfort 
to the occupants. Pipes leading to radiators or heating apparatus must 
be insulated where

[[Page 339]]

those pipes create a hazard to persons occupying the space.



Sec. 190.20-55  Insect screens.

    Provisions must be made to protect the crew quarters against the 
admission of insects.



Sec. 190.20-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    Existing structures, arrangements, materials, and facilities 
previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are 
maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to 
the same standards as the original construction, provided that in no 
case will a greater departure from the standards of Secs. 190.20-5 
through 190.20-55 be permitted than presently exists.



                    Subpart 190.25--Rails and Guards



Sec. 190.25-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart with the exception of 
Sec. 190.25-90, apply to all vessels contracted for on or after July 1, 
1969.
    (b) Vessels contracted for prior to July 1, 1969 shall meet the 
requirements of Sec. 190.25-90.

[CGFR 69-72, 34 FR 17503, Oct. 29, 1969]



Sec. 190.25-5   Where rails required.

    (a) All vessels shall have efficient guard rails or bulwarks on 
decks and bridges. The height of rails or bulwarks shall be at least 
39\1/2\ inches from the deck. At exposed peripheries of the freeboard 
and superstructure decks, the rails shall be in at least three courses, 
including the top. The opening below the lowest course shall not be more 
than 9 inches. The courses shall not be more than 15 inches apart. In 
the case of ships with rounded gunwales the guard rail supports shall be 
placed in the flat of the deck. On other decks and bridges the rails 
shall be in at least two courses, including the top, approximately 
evenly spaced. If it can be shown to the satisfaction of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, that the installation of rails of such height 
will be unreasonable and impracticable, having regard to the business of 
the vessel, rails of a lesser height or in some cases grab rails may be 
accepted and inboard rails may be eliminated if the deck is not 
generally accessible.
    (b) Where it can be shown to the satisfaction of the Commandant that 
a vessel is engaged exclusively in voyages of a sheltered nature, the 
provisions of paragraph (a) of this section may be relaxed.

[CGFR 69-72, 34 FR 17503, Oct. 29, 1969]



Sec. 190.25-10   Storm rails.

    (a) On vessels in ocean and coastwise service, suitable storm rails 
shall be installed in all passageways and at the deckhouse sides where 
persons on board might have normal access. Storm rails shall be 
installed on both sides of passageways which are 6 feet or more in 
width.



Sec. 190.25-15   Guards in dangerous places.

    (a) Suitable hand covers, guards, or rails shall be installed in way 
of all exposed and dangerous places such as gears, machinery, etc.



Sec. 190.25-90   Vessels contracted for prior to July 1, 1969.

    (a) Existing structures, arrangements, materials, and facilities 
previously approved will be considered satisfactory so long as they are 
maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs and alterations may be made to 
the same standards as the original construction: Provided, That in no 
case will a greater departure from the standards of Secs. 190.25-5 
through 190.25-15 be permitted than presently exists.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1125, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69-72, 34 FR 
17503, Oct. 29, 1969]



PARTS 191-192--[RESERVED]






PART 193--FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT--Table of Contents




                       Subpart 193.01--Application

Sec.

[[Page 340]]

193.01-1  General.
193.01-3  Incorporation by reference.
193.01-5  Equipment installed but not required.

   Subpart 193.05--Fire Detecting and Extinguishing Equipment, Where 
                                Required

193.05-1  Fire detecting, manual alarm, and supervised patrol systems.
193.05-5  Fire main system.
193.05-10  Fixed fire extinguishing systems.
193.05-15  Hand portable fire extinguishers and semiportable fire 
          extinguishing systems.

                Subpart 193.10--Fire Main System, Details

193.10-1  Application.
193.10-5  Fire pumps.
193.10-10  Fire hydrants and hose.
193.10-15  Piping.
193.10-90  Installations contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

      Subpart 193.15--Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, Details

193.15-1  Application.
193.15-5  Quantity, pipe sizes, and discharge rates.
193.15-10  Controls.
193.15-15  Piping.
193.15-20  Carbon dioxide storage.
193.15-25  Discharge outlets.
193.15-30  Alarms.
193.15-35  Enclosure openings.
193.15-40  Pressure relief.
193.15-90  Installations contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

 Subpart 193.50--Hand Portable Fire Extinguishers and Semiportable Fire 
             Extinguishing Systems, Arrangements and Details

193.50-1  Application.
193.50-5  Classification.
193.50-10  Location.
193.50-15  Spare charges.
193.50-20  Semiportable fire extinguishers.
193.50-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

                        Subpart 193.60--Fire Axes

193.60-1  Application.
193.60-5  Number required.
193.60-10  Location.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2213, 3102, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 
CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1145, Jan. 27, 1968, unless otherwise 
noted.



                       Subpart 193.01--Application



Sec. 193.01-1   General.

    (a) The provisions of this part shall apply to all vessels other 
than non-self-propelled vessels of less than 300 gross tons.
    (b) Non-self-propelled vessels of less than 300 gross tons shall not 
be subject to the provisions of this part, except as provided otherwise 
by Secs. 193.01-5 and 193.50-1.



Sec. 193.01-3  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a). To enforce any edition other than that specified 
in paragraph (b) of this section, the Coast Guard must publish notice of 
change in the Federal Register and make the material available to the 
public. All approved material is on file at the Office of the Federal 
Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC, and 
at the U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Design and Engineering Standards (G-
MSE), 2100 Second Street SW., Washington, DC 20593-0001 and is available 
from the sources indicated in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
part and the sections affected are:

               American Society for Testing and Materials

1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM F-1121, International Shore Connections for Marine Fire 
Applications, 1987.............................................193.10-10

[CGD 88-032, 56 FR 35829, July 29, 1991, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50469, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 193.01-5   Equipment installed but not required.

    (a) On all vessels, including non-self-propelled vessels of less 
than 300 gross tons, where fire detecting or extinguishing systems or 
equipment are not required, but are installed, the system or equipment 
and its installation shall meet the requirements of this part.

[[Page 341]]



   Subpart 193.05--Fire Detecting and Extinguishing Equipment, Where 
                                Required



Sec. 193.05-1   Fire detecting, manual alarm, and supervised patrol systems.

    (a) Fire detecting, manual alarm, and supervised patrol systems are 
not required, but if installed, the systems shall meet the applicable 
requirements of part 76 of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this 
chapter.



Sec. 193.05-5   Fire main system.

    (a) Fire pumps, hydrants, hose, and nozzles shall be installed on 
all manned vessels.
    (b) Except as provided for in Sec. 193.10-10(e), the fire main must 
be a pressurized or a remotely controlled system.
    (c) The arrangements and details of the fire main system shall be as 
set forth in subpart 193.10.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1145, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 75-031, 40 FR 
48349, Oct. 15, 1975]



Sec. 193.05-10   Fixed fire extinguishing systems.

    (a) Approved fire extinguishing systems shall be installed in those 
locations delineated in this section.
    (b) A fixed carbon dioxide or other approved system shall be 
installed in all lamp and paint lockers, oil rooms, and similar spaces.
    (c) Fire extinguishing systems shall be provided for internal 
combustion engine installations in accordance with the following:
    (1) Enclosed spaces containing gasoline engines shall have fixed 
carbon dioxide systems.
    (2) If a fire extinguishing system is installed to protect an 
internal combustion or gas turbine installation, the system shall be of 
the carbon dioxide type.
    (3) On vessels of 1,000 gross tons and over, a fixed carbon dioxide 
system shall be installed in all spaces containing internal combustion 
or gas turbine main propulsion machinery, auxiliaries with an aggregate 
power of 1,000 b. hp. or greater, or their fuel oil units, including 
purifiers, valves, and manifolds.
    (d) A fixed carbon dioxide system shall be installed in all chemical 
storerooms.
    (e) On vessels of 1,000 gross tons and over, a fixed carbon dioxide, 
or foam system shall be installed in all spaces containing oil fired 
boilers, either main or auxiliary, or their fuel oil units, valves, or 
manifolds in the line between the settling tanks and the boilers. The 
arrangement and details of the foam system shall be as set forth in part 
95 of Subchapter I (Cargo and Miscellaneous Vessels) of this chapter.
    (f) Where an enclosed ventilating system is installed for electric 
propulsion motors or generators, a fixed carbon dioxide extinguishing 
system shall be installed in such system.
    (g) The arrangements and details of the fixed carbon dioxide 
extinguishing systems shall be as set forth in subpart 193.15.
    (h) Additional specific requirements for fire extinguishing systems 
for spaces containing explosives and other dangerous articles or 
substances are in part 194 of this subchapter.



Sec. 193.05-15   Hand portable fire extinguishers and semiportable fire extinguishing systems.

    (a) Approved hand portable fire extinguishers and semiportable fire 
extinguishing systems shall be installed on all manned vessels as set 
forth in subpart 193.50.



                Subpart 193.10--Fire Main System, Details



Sec. 193.10-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 193.10-90, shall apply to all vessels contracted for on or after 
March 1, 1968.
    (b) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
requirements of Sec. 193.10-90.



Sec. 193.10-5   Fire pumps.

    (a) Vessels shall be equipped with independently driven fire pumps 
in accordance with Table 193.10-5(a).

[[Page 342]]



                            Table 193.10-5(a)                           
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Gross tons                      Hose and     Nozzle              
-------------------------   Minimum     hydrant     orifice    Length of
                           number of     size,       size,    hose, feet
    Over       Not over      pumps      inches      inches              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   100         \1\1   \1\1\1/2\    \1\\1/2\          50 
100........      1,000            1      1\1/2\       \5/8\          50 
1,000......      1,500            2      1\1/2\       \5/8\          50 
1,500......  ...........          2   \2\2\1/2\    \2\\7/8\      \2\50  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\On vessels of 65 feet in length or less, \3/4\-inch hose of good     
  commercial grade together with a commercial garden hose nozzle may be 
  used. The pump may be hand operated and the length of hose shall be   
  sufficient to assure coverage of all parts of the vessel.             
\2\75 feet of 1\1/2\-inch hose and \5/8\-inch nozzle may be used where  
  specified by Sec.  193.10-10(b) for interior locations and 50 feet 1\1/
  2\-inch hose may be used in exterior locations on vessels in other    
  than ocean or coastwise services.                                     

    (b) On vessels of 1,000 gross tons and over on an international 
voyage, each required fire pump, while delivering water through the fire 
main system at a pressure corresponding to that required by paragraph 
(c) of this section, shall have a minimum capacity of at least two-
thirds of that required for an independent bilge pump. However, in no 
case shall the capacity of each fire pump be less than that otherwise 
required by this section.
    (c) Each pump must be capable of delivering water simultaneously 
from the outlets having the greatest pressure drop from the five pumps 
to the nozzles which may not always be the two highest outlets, at a 
Pitot tube pressure of not less than 50 p.s.i. Where 1\1/2\-inch hose is 
permitted in lieu of 2\1/2\-inch hose by footnote 2 of Table 193.10-
5(a), the pump capacity shall be determined on the same basis as if 2\1/
2\-inch hose had been permitted. Where \3/4\-inch hose is permitted by 
Table 193.10-5(a), the Pitot tube pressure may not be less than 35 
p.s.i.
    (d) Fire pumps shall be fitted on the discharge side with relief 
valves set to relieve at 25 p.s.i. in excess of the pressure necessary 
to maintain the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section or 125 
p.s.i., whichever is greater. Relief valves may be omitted if the pumps, 
operating under shutoff conditions, are not capable of developing a 
pressure exceeding this amount.
    (e) Fire pumps shall be fitted with a pressure gage on the discharge 
side of the pumps.
    (f) Fire pumps may be used for other purposes provided at least one 
of the required pumps is kept available for use on the fire system at 
all times. Unless specifically approved by the Commandant, no branch 
lines shall be connected to the fire mains for other than fire and deck 
wash purposes. Other discharge lines shall lead from a discharge 
manifold near the fire pumps. In no case shall a pump having connection 
to an oil line be used as fire pump.
    (g) The total area of the pipes leading from a pump shall not be 
less than the discharge area of the pump.
    (h) On vessels with oil fired boilers, either main or auxiliary, or 
with internal combustion propulsion machinery, where 2 fire pumps are 
required, they shall be located in separate spaces, and the arrangement, 
pumps, sea connections, and sources of power shall be such as to insure 
that a fire in any one space will not put all of the fire pumps out of 
operation. However, where it is shown to the satisfaction of the 
Commandant that it is unreasonable or impracticable to meet this 
requirement due to the size or arrangement of the vessel, or for other 
reasons, the installation of a total flooding carbon dioxide system may 
be accepted as an alternate method of extinguishing any fire which would 
affect the powering and operation for the required fire pumps.
    (i) Except as provided for in Sec. 193.10-10(e), a sufficient number 
of hose streams for fire fighting purposes must be immediately available 
from the fire main at all times by either of the following methods:
    (1) Maintenance of water pressure. (i) Water pressure must be 
maintained on the fire main at all times by the continuous operation of:
    (A) One of the fire pumps; or
    (B) Another suitable pump capable of supplying one hose stream at a 
Pitot tube pressure of not less than 50 p.s.i. (35 p.s.i. for \3/4\-inch 
hose); or,
    (C) A pressure tank capable of supplying one hose stream at a Pitot 
tube pressure of not less than 50 p.s.i. (35 p.s.i. for \3/4\-inch hose) 
for five minutes.
    (ii) An audible alarm must be installed to sound in a continuously 
manned space if the pressure in the fire main drops to less than that 
necessary to maintain the minimum Pitot tube pressures specified in 
Sec. 193.10-5(i)(1)(i).

[[Page 343]]

    (2) Remote control of fire pumps. (i) At least one fire pump must be 
capable of remote activation and control.
    (ii) If the fire pump is in a continuously manned machinery space, 
the controls for operating it and the controls for all necessary valves 
must be located on the manned operating platform in that space.
    (iii) If the fire pump is in an unmanned machinery space, the 
controls for its operation and the controls for all necessary valves 
must be located in:
    (A) The fire control station, if any; or,
    (B) The bridge, if there is no fire control station; or,
    (C) A readily accessible space acceptable to the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1145, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 75-031, 40 FR 
48349, Oct. 15, 1975]



Sec. 193.10-10   Fire hydrants and hose.

    (a) The size of fire hydrants, hose, and nozzles and the length of 
hose required shall be as noted in Table 193.10-5(a).
    (b) In lieu of the 2\1/2\-inch hose and hydrants specified in Table 
193.10-5(a), on vessels over 1,500 gross tons, the hydrants in interior 
locations may have siamese connections for 1\1/2\-inch hose. In these 
cases the hose shall be 75 feet in length, and only one hose will be 
required at each fire station; however, if all such stations can be 
satisfactorily served with 50-foot lengths, 50-foot hose may be used.
    (c) On vessels of 500 gross tons and over there must be at least one 
shore connection to the fire main available to each side of the vessel 
in an accessible location. Suitable cutout valves and check valves must 
be provided for furnishing the vessel's shore connections with couplings 
mating those on the shore fire lines. Vessels of 500 gross tons and over 
on an international voyage, must be provided with at least one 
international shore connection complying with ASTM F-1121. Facilities 
must be available enabling an international shore connection to be used 
on either side of the vessel.
    (d) Fire hydrants must be of sufficient number and so located that 
any part of the vessel, other than main machinery spaces, may be reached 
with at least 2 streams of water from separate outlets, at least one of 
which must be from a single length of hose. In main machinery spaces, 
all portions of such spaces must be capable of being reached by at least 
2 streams of water, each of which must be from a single length of hose 
from separate outlets; however, this requirement need not apply to shaft 
alleys containing no assigned space for the stowage of combustibles. 
Fire hydrants must be numbered as required by Sec. 196.37-15 of this 
subchapter.
    (e) All parts of the fire main located on exposed decks shall either 
be protected against freezing or be fitted with cutout valves and drain 
valves so that the entire exposed parts of such piping may be shut off 
and drained in freezing weather. Except when closed to prevent freezing, 
such valves shall be sealed open.
    (f) The outlet at the fire hydrant shall be limited to any position 
from the horizontal to the vertical pointing downward, so that the hose 
will lead horizontally or downward to minimize the possibility of 
kinking.
    (g) Each fire hydrant shall be provided with a single length of hose 
with nozzle attached and a spanner. A suitable hose rack or other device 
shall be provided for the proper stowage of the hose. If the hose is not 
stowed in the open or behind glass so as to be readily seen, the 
enclosures shall be marked in accordance with Sec. 196.37-15 of this 
subchapter.
    (h) Fire hose shall be connected to the outlets at all times. 
However, at open decks where no protection is afforded to the hose in 
heavy weather, the hose may be temporarily removed from the hydrant and 
stowed in an accessible nearby location.
    (i) Each fire hydrant must have at least 1 length of firehose. Each 
firehose must have a combination solid stream and water spray nozzle 
that is approved under subpart 162.027 of this subchapter, except 19 
millimeters (3/4 inch) hose may have a garden hose nozzle that is bronze 
or metal with strength and corrosion resistance equivalent to bronze. 
Combination solid stream and water spray nozzles previously approved 
under subpart

[[Page 344]]

162.027 of this chapter may be retained so long as they are maintained 
in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection.
    (j) When the firehose nozzle in the below locations was previously 
approved under subpart 162.027 of this chapter, a low-velocity water 
spray applicator, also previously approved under subpart 162.027, of 
this chapter must be installed as follows:
    (1) At least 1 length of firehose on each fire hydrant outside and 
in the immediate vicinity of each laboratory;
    (2) Each firehose in each propulsion machinery space containing oil-
fired boiler, internal combustion machinery, or oil fuel unit on a 
vessel of 1000 gross tons or more--the length of each applicator must be 
1.2 meters (4 feet).
    (k) Fixed brackets, hooks, or other means for stowing an applicator 
must be next to each fire hydrant that has an applicator under paragraph 
(j) of this section.
    (l) Firehose shall not be used for any other purpose than fire 
extinguishing, drills, and testing.
    (m) Fire hydrants, nozzles, and other fittings shall have threads to 
accommodate the hose connections noted in this paragraph. Firehose and 
couplings shall be as follows:
    (1) Couplings shall be of brass, bronze, or other equivalent metal. 
National Standard firehose coupling threads shall be used for the 1\1/
2\-inch and 2\1/2\-inch sizes, i.e., 9 threads per inch for 1\1/2\-inch 
hose and 7\1/2\ threads per inch for 2\1/2\-inch hose.
    (2) Unlined hose shall not be used in the machinery spaces.
    (3) Where \3/4\-inch hose is permitted by Table 193.10-5(a), the 
hose and couplings shall be of good commercial grade.
    (4) Each section of fire hose used after January 1, 1980 must be 
lined commercial fire hose that conforms to Underwriters' Laboratories, 
Inc. Standard 19 or Federal Specification ZZ-H-451E. Hose that bears the 
label of Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. as lined fire hose is accepted 
as conforming to this requirement. Each section of replacement fire hose 
or any section of new fire hose placed aboard a vessel after January 1, 
1977 must also conform to the specification required by this paragraph.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1145, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 74-60, 41 FR 
43152, Sept. 30, 1976; CGD 76-086, 44 FR 2394, Jan. 11, 1979; CGD 88-
032, 56 FR 35830, July 29, 1991; CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26012, May 23, 1996]



Sec. 193.10-15   Piping.

    (a) All piping, valves, and fittings, shall meet the applicable 
requirements of Subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.
    (b) All distribution cut-off valves shall be marked as required by 
Sec. 196.37-10 of this subchapter.
    (c) For vessels on an international voyage, the diameter of the fire 
main shall be sufficient for the effective distribution of the maximum 
required discharge from two fire pumps operating simultaneously. This 
requirement is in addition to Sec. 193.10-5(c). The discharge of this 
quantity of water through hoses and nozzles at a sufficient number of 
adjacent hydrants must be at a minimum Pitot tube pressure of 50 pounds 
per square inch.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1145, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 75-031, 40 FR 
48349, Oct. 15, 1975]



Sec. 193.10-90  Installations contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    Installations contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, must meet the 
following requirements:
    (a) Except as specifically modified by this paragraph, vessels must 
comply with the requirements of Secs. 193.10-5 through 193.10-15 insofar 
as the number and general type of equipment is concerned.
    (b) Existing equipment, except firehose nozzles and low-velocity 
water spray applicators, previously approved but not meeting the 
applicable requirements of Secs. 193.10-5 through 193.10-15, may be 
continued in service so long as they are maintained in good condition to 
the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor 
repairs, alterations, and replacements may be permitted to the same 
standards as the original installations. However, all new installations 
or major replacements must meet the applicable requirements in this 
subpart for new installations.

[[Page 345]]

    (c) Vessels must comply with the general requirements of 
Sec. 193.10-5 (c) through (g), Sec. 193.10-10 (d) through (m), and 
Sec. 193.10-15 insofar as is reasonable and practicable.
    (d) Each firehose nozzle must meet Sec. 193.10-10(i), and each low-
velocity water spray applicator must meet Sec. 193.10-10(j).

[CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26013, May 23, 1996]



      Subpart 193.15--Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, Details



Sec. 193.15-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all new 
installations contracted for on or after March 1, 1968.
    (b) Installations contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet 
the requirements of Sec. 193.15-90.
    (c) The requirements of this subpart are based on a ``high pressure 
system,'' i.e., one in which the carbon dioxide is stored in liquid form 
at atmospheric temperature. Details for ``low pressure systems,'' i.e., 
those in which the carbon dioxide is stored in liquid form at a 
continuously controlled low temperature, may be specifically approved by 
the Commandant where it is demonstrated that a comparable degree of 
safety and fire extinguishing ability is achieved.



Sec. 193.15-5   Quantity, pipe sizes, and discharge rates.

    (a) General. The amount of carbon dioxide required for each space 
shall be as determined by paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section.
    (b) Total available supply. A separate supply of carbon dioxide need 
not be provided for each space protected. The total available supply 
shall be at least sufficient for the space requiring the greatest 
amount.
    (c) Enclosed ventilation systems for rotating electrical propulsion 
equipment. (1) The number of pounds of carbon dioxide required for the 
initial charge shall be equal to the gross volume of the system divided 
by 10 for systems having a volume of less than 2,000 cubic feet, and 
divided by 12 for systems having a volume of 2,000 cubic feet or more.
    (2) In addition to the amount required by paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section there shall be sufficient carbon dioxide available to permit 
delayed discharges of such quantity as to maintain at least a 25-percent 
concentration until the equipment can be stopped. If the initial 
discharge is such as to achieve this concentration until the equipment 
is stopped, no delayed discharge need be provided.
    (3) The piping for the delayed discharge shall not be less than \1/
2\-inch standard pipe, and no specific discharge rate need be applied to 
such systems. On small systems, this pipe may be incorporated with the 
initial discharge piping.
    (4) The piping for the initial charge shall be in accordance with 
Table 193.15-5(d)(4), and the discharge of the required amount shall be 
completed within 2 minutes.
    (d) Machinery spaces, paint lockers, tanks, chemical storerooms, and 
similar spaces. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(3) of this 
section, the number of pounds of carbon dioxide required for each space 
shall be equal to the gross volume of the space divided by the 
appropriate factor noted in Table 193.15-5(d)(1). If fuel can drain from 
the compartment being protected to an adjacent compartment, or if the 
compartments are not entirely separate, the requirements for both 
compartments shall be used to determine the amount of carbon dioxide to 
be provided. The carbon dioxide shall be arranged to discharge into both 
such compartments simultaneously.

                          Table 193.15-5(d)(1)                          
                [Gross volume of compartment, cubic feet]               
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Over                           Not over   Factor
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            500       15
500.................................................      1,600       16
1,600...............................................      4,500       18
4,500...............................................     50,000       20
50,000..............................................  .........       22
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) For the purpose of the requirements of this paragraph, the 
volume of the machinery space shall be taken as exclusive of the normal 
machinery casing unless the boiler, internal combustion machinery, or 
fuel oil installations extend into such space, in which case the volume 
shall be taken to the

[[Page 346]]

top of the casing or the next material reduction in casing area, 
whichever is lower. ``Normal machinery casing'' and ``material reduction 
in casing area'' shall be defined as follows:
    (i) By ``normal machinery casing'' shall be meant a casing the area 
of which is not more than 40 percent of the maximum area of the 
machinery space.
    (ii) By ``material reduction in casing area'' shall be meant a 
reduction to at least 40 percent of the casing area.
    (3) For vessels on an international voyage contracted for on or 
after May 26, 1965, the amount of carbon dioxide required for a space 
containing propulsion boilers or internal combustion propulsion 
machinery shall be as given by paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section 
or by dividing the entire volume, including the casing, by a factor of 
25, whichever is the larger.
    (4) Branch lines to the various spaces shall be as noted in Table 
193.15-5(d)(4).

                          Table 193.15-5(d)(4)                          
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Minimum 
     Maximum quantity of carbon dioxide required, pounds      pipe size,
                                                                inches  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
100.........................................................      \1/2\ 
225.........................................................      \3/4\ 
300.........................................................        1   
600.........................................................     1\1/4\ 
1,000.......................................................     1\1/2\ 
2,450.......................................................        2   
2,500.......................................................     2\1/2\ 
4,450.......................................................        3   
7,100.......................................................     3\1/2\ 
10,450......................................................        4   
15,000......................................................     4\1/2\ 
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (5) Distribution piping within the space shall be proportioned from 
the supply line to give proper distribution to the outlets without 
throttling.
    (6) The number, type, and location of discharge outlets shall be 
such as to give a uniform distribution throughout the space.
    (7) The total area of all discharge outlets shall not exceed 85 
percent nor be less than 35 percent of the normal cylinder outlet area 
or the area of the supply pipe, whichever is smaller. The nominal 
cylinder outlet area in square inches shall be determined by multiplying 
the factor 0.0022 by the number of pounds of carbon dioxide required, 
except that in no case shall this outlet area be less than 0.110 square 
inch.
    (8) The discharge of at least 85 percent of the required amount of 
carbon dioxide shall be complete within 2 minutes.



Sec. 193.15-10   Controls.

    (a) Except as noted in Sec. 193.15-20(b), all controls and valves 
for the operation of the system shall be outside the space protected and 
shall not be located in any space that might be cut off or made 
inaccessible in the event of fire in any of the spaces protected.
    (b) If the same cylinders are used to protect more than one hazard, 
a manifold with normally closed stop valves shall be used to direct the 
carbon dioxide into the proper space. If cylinders are used to protect 
only one hazard, a normally closed stop valve shall be installed between 
the cylinders and the hazard except for systems of the type indicated in 
Sec. 193.15-5(d) which contain not more than 300 pounds of carbon 
dioxide.
    (c) One of the stations controlling the system for the main 
machinery space and the chemical storerooms shall be located as 
convenient as practicable to one of the main escapes from these spaces. 
All control stations and the individual valves and controls shall be 
marked as required by Secs. 196.37-10 and 196.37-13 of this subchapter.
    (d) Systems of the type indicated in Sec. 193.15-5(d) shall be 
actuated by one control operating the valve to the space and a separate 
control releasing at least the required amount of carbon dioxide. These 
two controls shall be located in a box or other enclosure clearly 
identified for the particular space. Those systems installed without a 
stop valve shall be operated by one control releasing at least the 
required amount of carbon dioxide.
    (e) Where provisions are made for the simultaneous release of a 
given amount of carbon dioxide by operation of a remote control, 
provisions shall also be made for manual control at the cylinders. Where 
gas pressure from pilot cylinders is used as a means for releasing the 
remaining cylinders, not less than two pilot cylinders shall be used for 
systems consisting of more than

[[Page 347]]

two cylinders. Each of the pilot cylinders shall be capable of manual 
control at the cylinder, but the remaining cylinders need not be capable 
of individual manual control.
    (f) Systems of the type indicated in Sec. 193.15-5(d), other than 
systems for tanks, which are of more than 300 pounds of carbon dioxide, 
shall be fitted with an approved delayed discharge so arranged that the 
alarm will be sounded for at least 20 seconds before the carbon dioxide 
is released into the space. Such systems of not more than 300 pounds of 
carbon dioxide shall also have a similar delayed discharge, except for 
those systems for tanks and for spaces which have a suitable horizontal 
escape.
    (g) All distribution valves and controls shall be of an approved 
type. All controls shall be suitably protected.
    (h) Complete but simple instructions for the operation of the 
systems must be located in a conspicuous place at or near all pull 
boxes, stop valve controls and in the CO2 cylinder storage room. On 
systems in which the CO2 cylinders are not within the protected 
space, these instructions must also include a schematic diagram of the 
system and instructions detailing alternate methods of discharging the 
system should the manual release or stop valve controls fail to operate. 
Each control valve to branch lines must be marked to indicate the 
related space served.
    (i) If the space or enclosure containing the carbon dioxide supply 
for controls is to be locked, a key to the space or enclosure shall be 
in a break-glass-type box conspicuously located adjacent to the opening.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1145, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 74-100R, 40 FR 
6209, Feb. 10, 1975]



Sec. 193.15-15   Piping.

    (a) The piping, valves, and fittings shall have a bursting pressure 
of not less than 6,000 pounds per square inch.
    (b) All piping, in nominal sizes not over \3/4\ inch shall be at 
least Schedule 40 (standard weight) and in nominal sizes over \3/4\ 
inch, shall be at least Schedule 80 (extra heavy).
    (c) All piping valves, and fittings of ferrous materials shall be 
protected inside and outside against corrosion unless specifically 
approved otherwise by the Commandant.
    (d) A pressure relief valve or equivalent set to relieve between 
2,400 and 2,800 pounds per square inch shall be installed in the 
distribution manifold or such other location as to protect the piping in 
the event that all branch line shutoff valves are closed.
    (e) All dead-end lines shall extend at least 2 inches beyond the 
last orifice and shall be closed with cap or plug.
    (f) All piping, valves, and fittings shall be securely supported, 
and where necessary, protected against injury.
    (g) Drains and dirt traps shall be fitted where necessary to prevent 
the accumulation of dirt or moisture. Drains and dirt traps shall be 
located in accessible locations where possible.
    (h) Piping shall be used for no other purpose except that it may be 
incorporated with the fire-detecting system.
    (i) Piping passing through living quarters shall not be fitted with 
drains or other openings within such spaces.
    (j) Installation test requirements are:
    (1) Upon completion of the piping installation, and before the 
cylinders are connected, a pressure test shall be applied as set forth 
in this paragraph. Only carbon dioxide or other inert gas shall be used 
for this test.
    (2) The piping from the cylinders to the stop valves in the manifold 
shall be subjected to a pressure of 1,000 pounds per square inch. With 
no additional gas being introduced to the system, it shall be 
demonstrated that the leakage of the system is such as not to permit a 
pressure drop of more than 150 pounds per square inch per minute for a 
2-minute period.
    (3) The individual branch lines to the various spaces protected 
shall be subjected to a test similar to that described in the preceding 
subparagraph with the exception that the pressure used shall be 600 
pounds per square inch in lieu of 1,000 pounds per square inch. For the 
purpose of this test, the distribution piping shall be capped within the 
space protected at the first joint ahead of the nozzles.
    (4) In lieu of the tests prescribed in the preceding paragraphs in 
this paragraph, small independent systems protecting spaces such as 
emergency generator rooms, lamp lockers, chemical

[[Page 348]]

storerooms, etc., may be tested by blowing out the piping with air at a 
pressure of at least 100 pounds per square inch.



Sec. 193.15-20   Carbon dioxide storage.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the 
cylinders shall be located outside the spaces protected, and shall not 
be located in any space that might be cut off or made inaccessible in 
the event of a fire in any of the spaces protected.
    (b) Systems of the type indicated in Sec. 193.15-5(d), consisting of 
not more than 300 pounds of carbon dioxide, may have cylinders located 
within the space protected. If the cylinder stowage is within the space 
protected, the system shall be arranged in an approved manner to be 
automatically operated by a heat actuator within the space in addition 
to the regular remote and local controls.
    (c) The space containing the cylinders shall be properly ventilated 
and designed to preclude an anticipated ambient temperature in excess of 
130 deg. F.
    (d) Cylinders shall be securely fastened and supported, and where 
necessary, protected against injury.
    (e) Cylinders shall be so mounted as to be readily accessible and 
capable of easy removal for recharging and inspection. Provisions shall 
be available for weighing the cylinders.
    (f) Where subject to moisture, cylinders shall be so installed as to 
provide a space of at least 2 inches between the flooring and the bottom 
of the cylinders.
    (g) Cylinders shall be mounted in an upright position or inclined 
not more than 30 degrees from the vertical. However, cylinders which are 
fitted with flexible or bent siphon tubes may be inclined not more than 
80 degrees from the vertical.
    (h) Where check valves are not fitted on each independent cylinder 
discharge, plugs or caps shall be provided for closing outlets when 
cylinders are removed for inspection or refilling.
    (i) All cylinders used for storing carbon dioxide must be 
fabricated, tested, and marked in accordance with the requirements of 
Secs. 147.60 and 147.65 of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1145, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 84-044, 53 FR 
7753, Mar. 10, 1988]



Sec. 193.15-25   Discharge outlets.

    (a) Discharge outlets shall be of an approved type.



Sec. 193.15-30   Alarms.

    (a) Space normally accessible to persons on board while the vessel 
is being navigated which are protected by a carbon dioxide extinguishing 
system and are required to be fitted with a delayed discharge system 
other than paint and lamp lockers and similar small spaces, shall be 
fitted with an approved audible alarm which will be automatically 
sounded when the carbon dioxide is admitted to the space. The alarm 
shall be conspicuously and centrally located and shall be marked as 
required by Sec. 196.37-9 of this subchapter. Such alarms shall be so 
arranged as to sound during the 20-second delay period prior to the 
discharge of carbon dioxide into the space, and the alarm shall depend 
on no source of power other than the carbon dioxide.



Sec. 193.15-35   Enclosure openings.

    (a) Where mechanical ventilation is provided for spaces which are 
protected by carbon dioxide extinguishing systems provisions shall be 
made so that the ventilation system is automatically shut down with the 
operation of the system to that space.
    (b) Where natural ventilation is provided for spaces protected by a 
carbon dioxide extinguishing system, provisions shall be made for easily 
and effectively closing off the ventilation.
    (c) Means shall be provided for closing all other openings to the 
space protected from outside such space. In this respect, relatively 
tight doors, shutters, or dampers shall be provided for openings in the 
lower portion of the space. The construction shall be such that openings 
in the upper portion of the space can be closed off either by 
permanently installed means or by the use of canvas or other material 
which is normally carried by the vessel.

[[Page 349]]



Sec. 193.15-40   Pressure relief.

    (a) Where necessary, relatively tight compartments such as 
refrigeration spaces, paint lockers, etc., shall be provided with 
suitable means for relieving excessive pressure accumulating within the 
compartment when the carbon dioxide is injected.



Sec. 193.15-90   Installations contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Installations contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet 
the following requirements:
    (1) Existing arrangements, materials, and facilities previously 
approved shall be considered satisfactory so long as they meet the 
minimum requirements of this paragraph and they are maintained in good 
condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection. Minor repairs, alterations, and replacements may be 
permitted to the same standards as the original installations. However, 
all new installations or major replacements shall meet the applicable 
requirements in this subpart for new installations.
    (2) The details of the systems shall be in general agreement with 
Secs. 193.15-5 through 193.15-40 insofar as is reasonable and 
practicable, with the exception of Sec. 193.15-5(d) (1), (2), and (4), 
covering machinery spaces, etc., which systems may be installed in 
accordance with paragraphs (a) (3) through (6) of this section.
    (3) In boilerrooms, the bilges shall be protected by a system 
discharging principally below the floorplates. Perforated pipe may be 
used in lieu of discharge nozzles for such systems. The number of pounds 
of carbon dioxide shall be equal to the gross volume of the boilerroom 
taken to the top of the boilers divided by 36. In the event of an 
elevated boilerroom which drains to the machinery space, the system 
shall be installed in the engineroom bilge and the gross volume shall be 
taken to the flat on which the boilers are installed.
    (4) In machinery spaces where main propulsion internal combustion 
machinery is installed, the number of pounds of carbon dioxide required 
shall be equal to the gross volume of the space taken to the under side 
of the deck forming the hatch opening divided by 22.
    (5) In miscellaneous spaces other than cargo or main machinery 
spaces the number of pounds of carbon dioxide required shall be equal to 
the gross volume of the space divided by 22.
    (6) Branch lines to the various spaces other than cargo and similar 
spaces shall be as noted in Table 193.15-90(a)(6). This table is based 
on cylinders having discharge outlets and siphon tubes of \3/8\-inch 
diameter.

                          Table 193.15-90(a)(6)                         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Number of cylinders                                       
------------------------------------------------    Nominal pipe size,  
                Over                   Not over           inches        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                          2      \1/2\--standard.       
2...................................      4      \3/4\--standard.       
4...................................      6      1--extra heavy.        
6...................................     12      1\1/4\--extra heavy.   
12..................................     16      1\1/2\--extra heavy.   
16..................................     27      2--extra heavy.        
27..................................     39      2\1/2\--extra heavy.   
39..................................     60      3--extra heavy.        
60..................................     80      3\1/2\--extra heavy.   
80..................................    104      4--extra heavy.        
104.................................    165      5--extra heavy.        
------------------------------------------------------------------------



 Subpart 193.50--Hand Portable Fire Extinguishers and Semiportable Fire 
             Extinguishing Systems, Arrangements and Details



Sec. 193.50-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 193.50-90, shall apply to all vessels, including non-self-propelled 
vessels of less than 300 gross tons, contracted for on or after March 1, 
1968.
    (b) All vessels other than unmanned barges contracted for prior to 
March 1, 1968, shall meet the requirements of Sec. 193.50-90.
    (c) All unmanned barges are exempted from the requirements in this 
subpart. However, if such barges carry on board hand portable fire 
extinguishers and semiportable fire extinguishing systems, then such 
equipment shall be in accordance with this subpart for manned barges.



Sec. 193.50-5   Classification.

    (a) Hand portable fire extinguishers and semiportable fire 
extinguishing

[[Page 350]]

systems shall be classified by a combination letter and number symbol. 
The letter indicating the type of fire which the unit could be expected 
to extinguish and the number indicating the relative size of the unit.
    (b) The types of fire will be designated as follows:
    (1) ``A'' for fires in ordinary combustible materials where the 
quenching and cooling effects of quantities of water, or solutions 
containing large percentages of water, are of first importance.
    (2) ``B'' for fires in flammable liquids, greases, etc., where a 
blanketing effect is essential.
    (3) ``C'' for fires in electrical equipment where the use of 
nonconducting extinguishing agent is of first importance.
    (c) The number designations for size will start with ``I'' for the 
smallest to ``V'' for the largest. Sizes I and II are considered hand 
portable fire extinguishers and sizes III, IV, and V are considered 
semiportable fire extinguishing systems which shall be fitted with 
suitable hose and nozzle or other practicable means so that all portions 
of the space concerned may be covered. Examples of size graduations for 
some of the typical hand portable and semiportable fire extinguishing 
systems are set forth in Table 193.50-5(c).

                                                Table 193.50-5(c)                                               
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              Classification                                 Soda-                              
---------------------------------------------------------------------------   acid            Carbon      Dry   
                                                                              and     Foam,  dioxide,  chemical,
                    Type                                  Size               water,   gals.    lbs.       lbs.  
                                                                             gals.                              
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A..........................................  II...........................   2\1/2\  2\1/2\  ........  .........
B..........................................  I............................  .......  1\1/4\         4         2 
B..........................................  II...........................  .......  2\1/2\        15        10 
B..........................................  III..........................  .......    12          35        20 
B..........................................  IV...........................  .......    20          50        30 
B..........................................  V............................  .......    40         100        50 
C..........................................  I............................  .......  ......         4         2 
C..........................................  II...........................  .......  ......        15        10 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) All hand portable fire extinguishers and semiportable fire 
extinguishing systems shall have permanently attached thereto a metallic 
nameplate giving the name of the item, the rated capacity in gallons, 
quarts, or pounds, the name and address of the person or firm for whom 
approved, and the identifying mark of the actual manufacturer.
    (e) Vaporizing liquid type fire extinguishers containing carbon 
tetrachloride or chlorobromomethane or other toxic vaporizing liquids 
shall not be permitted.



Sec. 193.50-10   Location.

    (a) Approved hand portable fire extinguishers and semiportable fire 
extinguishing systems shall be installed in accordance with Table 
193.50-10(a). The location of the equipment shall be to the satisfaction 
of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Nothing in this paragraph 
shall be construed as limiting the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, 
from requiring such additional equipment as he deems necessary for the 
proper protection of the vessel.
    (b) Semiportable fire extinguishing systems shall be located in the 
open so as to be readily seen.
    (c) If hand portable fire extinguishers are not located in the open 
or behind glass so that they may be readily seen, they may be placed in 
enclosures together with the firehose, provided such enclosures are 
marked as required by Sec. 196.37-15 of this subchapter.

         Table 193.50-10(a)--Hand Portable Fire Extinguisher and Semiportable Fire Extinguishing Systems        
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Classification (see Sec.                                             
                  Space                            193.50-5)                     Quantity and location          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Safety Areas1                                                                                     
                                                                                                                
Wheelhouse or fire control room.........  ..........................  None required.                            
Stairway and elevator enclosures........  ..........................      Do.                                   
Communicating corridors.................  A-II......................  1 in each main corridor not more than 150 
                                                                       feet apart. (May be located in           
                                                                       stairways.)                              
    Lifeboat embarkation and lowering     ..........................  None required.                            
                stations.                                                                                       

[[Page 351]]

                                                                                                                
Radio room..............................  C-I2......................  2 in vicinity of exit.2                   
                                                                                                                
             Accommodations1                                                                                    
                                                                                                                
    Staterooms, toilet spaces, public     ..........................  None required.                            
    spaces, offices, lockers, isolated                                                                          
   storerooms, and pantries open decks,                                                                         
                   etc.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                
             Service spaces                                                                                     
                                                                                                                
Galleys.................................  B-II or C-II..............  1 for each 2,500 square feet or fraction  
                                                                       thereof suitable for hazards involved.   
                                                                                                                
            Machinery spaces                                                                                    
                                                                                                                
Paint and lamp rooms....................  B-II......................  1 outside space in vicinity of exit.      
  Accessible baggage, mail, and specie    A-II......................  1 for each 2,500 square feet or fraction  
          rooms, and storerooms.                                       thereof located in vicinity of exits,    
                                                                       either inside or outside the spaces.     
Carpenter shop and similar spaces.......  A-II......................  1 outside the space in vicinity of exit.  
                                                                                                                
  Coal-fired boilers: Bunker and boiler   ..........................  None required.                            
                  space.                                                                                        
Oil-fired boilers: Spaces containing oil- B-II......................  2 required.3                              
      fired boilers, either main or       B-V.......................  ..........................................
   auxiliary, or their fuel-oil units.    B-V.......................  1 required.4                              
   Internal combustion or gas turbine     B-II......................  1 for each 1,000 brake horsepower, but not
       propelling machinery spaces.                                    less than 2 nor more than 6.5            
                                          B-III.....................  1 required.6,\\\7                         
Electric propulsive motors or generators  C-II......................  1 for each propulsion motor or generator  
              of open type.                                            unit.                                    
 Enclosed ventilating systems for motors  ..........................  None required.                            
  and generators of electric propelling                                                                         
                machinery.                                                                                      
Auxiliary spaces:                                                                                               
  Internal combustion gas turbine.......  B-II......................  1 outside the space in vicinity of        
                                                                       exit.\\7\                                
  Electric emergency motors or            C-II......................  1 outside the space in vicinity of        
   generators.                                                         exit.\\8\1                               
  Steam.................................  ..........................  None required.                            
Trunks to machinery spaces..............  ..........................      Do.                                   
Fuel tanks..............................  ..........................      Do.                                   
                                                                                                                
            Scientific spaces                                                                                   
                                                                                                                
   Chemistry laboratory or scientific     C-II......................  1 dry chemical and 1 carbon dioxide for   
               laboratory.                                             each 300 square feet or fraction thereof,
                                                                       with one (1) of each kind located in the 
                                                                       vicinity of the exit.                    
Chemical storeroom......................  C-II......................  Same as for the chemistry laboratory.     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Two B-I hand portable fire extinguishers may be substituted for 1 B-II.                                      
\2\For vessels on an international voyage, substitute 1 C-II in vicinity of exit.                               
\3\Vessels of less than 1,000 gross tons require 1.                                                             
\4\Vessels of less than 1,000 gross tons may substitute 1 B-IV.                                                 
\5\Only 1 required for motorboats.                                                                              
\6\If oil burning donkey boiler fitted in space, the B-V previously required for the protection of the boiler   
  may be substituted. Not required where a fixed carbon dioxide system is installed.                            
\7\Not required on vessels of less than 300 gross tons if fuel has a flash-point higher than 110 deg. F.        
\8\Not required on vessels of less than 300 gross tons.                                                         

    (d) Hand portable fire extinguishers and their stations shall be 
numbered in accordance with Sec. 196.37-15 of this subchapter.
    (e) Hand portable or semiportable extinguishers, which are required 
on their nameplates to be protected from freezing, shall not be located 
where freezing temperatures may be expected.



Sec. 193.50-15   Spare charges.

    (a) For all vessels spare charges shall be carried for at least 50 
percent of each size and each variety, i.e., foam, soda-acid, carbon 
dioxide, etc., of hand portable fire extinguishers required by 
Sec. 193.50-10(a). However, if the unit is of such variety that it 
cannot be readily recharged by the vessel's personnel, one spare unit of 
the same classification shall be carried in lieu of spare charges for 
all such units of the same size and variety.
    (b) Spare charges shall be so packaged as to minimize the hazards to 
personnel while recharging the units. Acid shall be contained in a Crown 
stopper type of bottle.

[[Page 352]]



Sec. 193.50-20  Semiportable fire extinguishers.

    (a) The frame or support of each size III, IV, and V fire 
extinguisher requuired by Table 193.50-10(a) must be welded or otherwise 
permanently attached to a bulkhead or deck.
    (b) If an approved size III, IV, or V fire extinguisher has wheels 
and is not required by Table 193.50-10(a), it must be securely stowed 
when not in use to prevent it from rolling out of control under heavy 
sea conditions.

[CGD 77-039, 44 FR 34133, June 14, 1979]



Sec. 193.50-90   Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
following requirements:
    (1) Except as specifically modified by this paragraph, the 
requirements of Secs. 193.50-5 through 193.50-15 shall be complied with 
insofar as the number and general type of equipment is concerned.
    (2) Existing installations previously approved, but not meeting the 
applicable requirements of Secs. 193.50-5 through 193.50-15 may be 
continued in service so long as they are maintained in good condition to 
the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, and they 
are in general agreement with the degree of safety prescribed by Table 
193.50-10(a). Minor modifications may be made to the same standard as 
the original installation: Provided, That in no case will a greater 
departure from the standards of Table 193.50-10(a) be permitted than 
presently exists.
    (3) All new equipment and installations shall meet the applicable 
requirements in this subpart for new vessels.



                        Subpart 193.60--Fire Axes



Sec. 193.60-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels other 
than unmanned barges.
    (b) Unmanned barges are exempted from the requirements in this 
subpart. However, if such barges carry on board fire axes, then such 
equipment shall be in accordance with this subpart for manned barges.



Sec. 193.60-5   Number required.

    (a) All vessels shall carry at least the minimum number of fire axes 
as set forth in Table 193.60-5(a). Nothing in this paragraph shall be 
construed as limiting the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, from 
requiring such additional fire axes as he deems necessary for the proper 
protection of the vessel.

                            Table 193.60-5(a)                           
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Gross tons                                   
----------------------------------------------------------------  Number
                        Over                           Not over  of axes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             50        1
50..................................................        200        2
200.................................................        500        4
500.................................................      1,000        6
1,000...............................................  .........        8
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 193.60-10   Location.

    (a) Fire axes shall be distributed throughout the spaces available 
to persons on board so as to be most readily available in the event of 
emergency.
    (b) If fire axes are not located in the open, or behind glass, so 
that they may be readily seen, they may be placed in enclosures together 
with the firehose, provided such enclosures are marked as required by 
Sec. 196.37-15 of this subchapter.



PART 194--HANDLING, USE, AND CONTROL OF EXPLOSIVES AND OTHER HAZARDOUS MATERIALS--Table of Contents




                       Subpart 194.01--Application

Sec.
194.01-1  General.

                   Subpart 194.05--Stowage and Marking

194.05-1  General.
194.05-3  Chemical stores.
194.05-5  Chemicals in the chemistry laboratory.
194.05-7  Explosives--Detail requirements.
194.05-9  Flammable liquid chemical stores--Detail requirements.
194.05-11  Flammable solids and oxidizing materials--Detail 
          requirements.
194.05-13  Corrosive liquids as chemical stores--Detail requirements.
194.05-15  Compressed gases as chemical stores--Detail requirements.
194.05-17  Poisonous articles as chemical stores--Detail requirements.
194.05-19  Combustible liquids as chemical stores--Detail requirements.
194.05-21  Other regulated materials.

[[Page 353]]

                        Subpart 194.10--Magazines

194.10-1  Application.
194.10-5  Type and location.
194.10-10  Integral magazine construction.
194.10-15  Magazine van construction.
194.10-20  Magazine chest construction.
194.10-25  Ventilation.
194.10-30  Magazine sprinklers.
194.10-35  Labeling.

     Subpart 194.15--Chemistry Laboratory and Scientific Laboratory

194.15-1  General.
194.15-3  Responsibility.
194.15-5  Ventilation.
194.15-7  Fire protection.
194.15-9  Storage.
194.15-11  Flushing systems.
194.15-15  Chemicals other than compressed gases.
194.15-17  Compressed gases other than inert gases.
194.15-19  Electrical.

            Subpart 194.20--Chemical Stores and/or Storerooms

194.20-1  General.
194.20-3  Responsibility.
194.20-5  Ventilation.
194.20-7  Fire protection.
194.20-9  Storage.
194.20-11  Flushing systems.
194.20-15  Chemical stores other than compressed gases.
194.20-17  Compressed gases.
194.20-19  Piping and electrical requirements.

      Subpart 194.90--Vessels Contracted for Prior to March 1, 1968

194.90-1  Requirements.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 2113, 3306; 49 U.S.C. App. 1804; E.O. 
12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, unless otherwise 
noted.



                       Subpart 194.01--Application



Sec. 194.01-1   General.

    (a) The provisions of this part, with the exception of subpart 
194.90, shall apply to all vessels other than non-self-propelled vessels 
of less than 300 gross tons contracted for on or after March 1, 1968.
    (b) Non-self-propelled vessels of less than 300 gross tons shall not 
be subject to the provisions of this part except as provided otherwise 
by paragraph (c) of this section.
    (c) Non-self-propelled vessels of less than 300 gross tons shall be 
governed by the applicable portions of 49 CFR parts 171-179, and the 
applicable portions of 33 CFR parts 6 and 121 to 126, inclusively. 
Alternately, the owner, at his option, may comply with the provisions of 
this part.
    (d) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
requirements of subpart 194.90.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36026, Sept. 16, 1988]



                   Subpart 194.05--Stowage and Marking



Sec. 194.05-1   General.

    (a) The master shall be held responsible for and shall require the 
proper handling, stowage, and marking of all chemical stores and 
reagents.
    (b) Chemical stores shall be stowed in a chemical storeroom in 
approved drums, barrels, or other packages, properly marked and labeled, 
as prescribed by 49 CFR part 172 for those specific commodities, except 
that those chemical stores excluded from the storeroom by Secs. 194.20-
15 and 194.20-17, and those chemical stores not desired to be located in 
a chemical storeroom, shall be stored in accordance with the appropriate 
provisions of 49 CFR part 176 insofar as such regulations apply to cargo 
vessels.
    (c) Ships' stores shall be regulated in accordance with the 
appropriate provisions of part 147 of Subchapter N (Dangerous Cargoes) 
of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-3  Chemical stores.

    (a) Chemical stores are those chemicals which possess one or more of 
the following properties and shall be classed, marked and labeled in 
accordance with 49 CFR part 172:
    (1) Explosives.
    (2) Flammable liquids.
    (3) Flammable solids.
    (4) Oxidizing materials.
    (5) Corrosive materials.

[[Page 354]]

    (6) Compressed gasses.
    (7) Poisons.
    (8) Combustible liquids.
    (9) Other Regulated Materials (DOT Hazard Class ``ORM'').
    (b) Substances for use in the chemistry laboratory, or to be stored 
in the chemical storeroom and generally covered under paragraph (a) of 
this section but not specifically listed by name in 49 CFR 172.101 must 
be approved by the Commandant prior to being carried on board a vessel.

[CGD 86-033, 53 FR 36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-5   Chemicals in the chemistry laboratory.

    (a) Small working quantities of chemical stores in the chemistry 
laboratory which have been removed from the approved shipping container 
need not be marked or labeled as required by 49 CFR part 172. Reagent 
containers in the laboratory shall be marked to show at least the 
following:
    (1) Common chemical name.
    (2) Hazards, if any; e.g., flammable, poison, etc.
    (b) In the interest of facilitating scientific activities, no 
restrictions are intended which will limit the variety of chemical 
stores which may be used in the chemical laboratory. With the knowledge 
and approval of the master, the laboratory supervisor may be responsible 
for stowage and use of materials within the laboratory and chemical 
storeroom.
    (c) Reagent containers shall be properly secured against shifting 
and spillage. Insofar as practical all reagents shall be stowed in 
suitable, unbreakable containers.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-7   Explosives--Detail requirements.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided by this part, Division 1.1 and 1.2 
(explosive) materials (as defined in 49 CFR 173.50) and blasting-caps 
must be carried in magazines specifically fitted for that purpose as 
described by subpart 194.10 of this part.
    (b) Class 1 (explosive) materials (as defined in 49 CFR 173.50) must 
be identified by their appropriate DOT classification.
    (c)(1) Compatibility of magazine stowage shall be in accordance with 
49 CFR 176.83.
    (2) Magazine chests, magazine vans, and deck stowage areas shall be 
separated by a distance of at least 25 feet if their contents are 
incompatible with each other. Reduction of this distance to allow for 
special configurations will be permitted only if specifically approved 
by the Commandant.
    (d) On-deck stowage of unfused depth-charges or other unfused-case-
type Class 1 (explosive) materials (as defined in 49 CFR 173.50) is 
authorized as follows:
    (1) Stowage shall be in a location reasonably protected from the 
full force of boarding seas.
    (2) Stowage shall be protected from direct exposure to the sun by 
overhead decks, awnings, or tarpaulins. Decks shall be constructed of 
incombustible materials; awnings and tarpaulins shall be fire-resistant 
and/or flame proof fabric.
    (3) Items shall be properly secured by using existing vessel 
structures such as bulwarks, hatch coamings, shelter deck and poop 
bulkheads as part boundaries and effectively closing in the items by 
fitting angle bar closing means secured by bolting to clips or other 
parts of the ship's structure. Lashing of deck stowage is permitted 
provided eye pads or other suitable means are fitted to secure such 
lashings and provided the individual items are of such a configuration 
as to prevent slippage of the lashings. Shoring and dunnage may be used 
as necessary to further facilitate the security of the stowage.
    (4) Stowage area shall be selected so as to provide for safe access 
to all internal spaces and to all parts of the deck required to be used 
in navigation and working of the vessel. Stowage shall not be on or 
under the bridge, or navigating deck, or within a distance, in a 
horizontal plane, of 25 feet of an operating or embarkation point of any

[[Page 355]]

lifeboat or raft. Reduction of this distance to allow for special 
configurations will be permitted only if specifically approved by the 
Commandant.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988; CGD 92-050, 59 FR 39966, Aug. 5, 1994]



Sec. 194.05-9   Flammable liquid chemical stores--Detail requirements.

    (a) Flammable liquids as chemical stores and reagents are governed 
by subparts 194.15 and 194.20.
    (b) Other flammable liquids are regulated by the appropriate 
portions of 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 176 or part 147 of Subchapter N 
(Dangerous Cargoes) of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988; 53 FR 46872, Nov. 21, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-11   Flammable solids and oxidizing materials--Detail requirements.

    (a) Flammable solids and oxidizing materials used as chemical stores 
and reagents are governed by subparts 194.15 and 194.20.
    (b) Oxidizing materials used as blasting agents are regulated by the 
appropriate portions of 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 176.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988; 53 FR 46872, Nov. 21, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-13   Corrosive liquids as chemical stores--Detail requirements.

    (a) Corrosive liquids as chemical stores and reagents are governed 
by subparts 194.15 and 194.20.
    (b) Other corrosive liquids are regulated by the appropriate 
portions of 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 176 or part 147 of Subchapter N 
(Dangerous Cargoes) of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-15   Compressed gases as chemical stores--Detail requirements.

    (a) Compressed gases as chemical stores and reagents are governed by 
subparts 194.15 and 194.20.
    (b) Other compressed gases are regulated in accordance with the 
appropriate portions of 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 176 or part 147 of 
Subchapter N (Dangerous Cargoes) of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-17   Poisonous articles as chemical stores--Detail requirements.

    (a) Poisonous articles as chemical stores and reagents shall be 
governed by subparts 194.15 and 194.20.
    (b) Other poisonous articles shall be regulated by the appropriate 
portions of 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 176 or part 147 of Subchapter N 
(Dangerous Cargoes) of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-19   Combustible liquids as chemical stores--Detail requirements.

    (a) Combustible liquid chemical stores and reagents shall be 
governed by subparts 194.15 and 194.20.
    (b) Other combustible liquids shall be regulated by the appropriate 
portions of 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 176 or part 147 of Subchapter N 
(Dangerous Cargoes) of this chapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.05-21  Other regulated materials.

    (a) Other Regulated Materials (DOT Hazard Class ``ORM'') as chemical 
stores and reagents shall be governed by appropriate portions of 
subparts 194.15 and 194.20 of this part.
    (b) Other Regulated Materials (DOT Hazard Class ``ORM'') which are 
not chemical stores and reagents shall be regulated by the appropriate 
portions of 49 CFR parts 172, 173, and 176.

[CGD 86-033, 53 FR 36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



                        Subpart 194.10--Magazines



Sec. 194.10-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart apply to the construction of 
integral magazines, magazine vans, and magazine chests.
    (b) Loading, loading procedures, shipper's requirements, and other 
features

[[Page 356]]

not related to the construction of magazines shall be in accordance with 
the applicable provisions of 49 CFR parts 173 and 176 and 33 CFR part 6 
and parts 121 to 126, inclusive.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.10-5   Type and location.

    (a) Integral magazines. (1) Magazines shall be of permanent 
construction located below the freeboard deck and where practicable 
below the waterline.
    (2) Magazines shall not be located in horizontal proximity to or 
below accommodation spaces.
    (3) Magazines shall not be located adjacent to the collision 
bulkhead, nor in bearing with a bulkhead forming the boilerroom, 
engineroom, gallery, or other high fire hazard area boundary. If it is 
necessary to construct the magazine in proximity to these areas, a 
cofferdam space of at least 2 feet shall be provided between the 
bulkhead or deck involved and the magazine. Such a cofferdam shall be 
provided with suitable ventilation and shall not be used for storage 
purposes.
    (b) Magazine vans. (1) Magazine vans may be installed on deck in a 
location protected from boarding seas. The location selected shall not 
impair access to accommodations or other spaces necessary to the safe 
working and navigation of the vessel and shall not be within 15 feet of 
ventilation terminals emitting warm air or hazardous vapors, such as 
from galleys and pumprooms, or within 10 feet of any unshielded radio 
apparatus or antenna lead.
    (2) Magazine vans may be installed below decks in holds provided the 
hold location meets the location requirements for integral magazines. 
The cofferdam requirement of paragraph (a)(3) of this section is 
considered as fulfilled if the van is of steel construction. Holds so 
utilized shall not be used for stowage of other hazardous materials 
covered by 49 CFR parts 171-179. The stowage of other explosives or 
oxidizing materials in the same hold is permitted in accordance with the 
requirements of 49 CFR part 176.
    (c) Magazine chests. (1) Magazine chests shall be located on the 
weather decks in a position suitable for jettisoning the contents.
    (2) Magazine chests shall be set off at least 4 inches from decks 
and deckhouse.
    (3) Magazine chests shall not be located within 15 feet of 
ventilation terminals emitting warm air or hazardous vapors, such as 
from galleys and pumprooms.
    (4) Magazine chests intended for the stowage of blasting caps, 
detonators, or boosters, in addition to the requirements in this 
paragraph, shall not be stowed within 10 feet of any unshielded radio 
apparatus or antenna leads.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.10-10   Integral magazine construction.

    (a) Magazines shall be of permanent watertight construction. 
Bulkheads and decks, including the deck overhead, which are common with 
storerooms or workshops shall be of A-15 construction as defined by 
Sec. 72.05-10 of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter. Flush 
construction shall be employed where practicable.
    (b) Where the shell or unsheathed weather decks form boundaries of 
the magazine spaces suitable approved incombustible thermal insulation 
shall be provided to prevent condensation of moisture.
    (c) Where a tank top forms the magazine deck it shall be insulated 
with an approved deck covering to prevent condensation of moisture. Tank 
top manholes shall not be installed in magazines.
    (d) Light fixtures shall be of an approved type equipped with globes 
and guards. Control of the lighting system shall be from a location 
external to the magazine. An indicator light shall be provided at the 
switch location to indicate when the lighting circuits are energized. 
Other electrical equipment and wiring shall not be installed within or 
pass through the magazine. Electrical cables enclosed in a watertight 
trunk are permitted.
    (e) Piping, other than fresh or salt water service and drainage 
system, shall not be routed through magazines except as required for the 
magazines

[[Page 357]]

themselves. Other piping systems enclosed in a watertight trunk are 
permitted.
    (f) Access doors for the magazine, or magazine groups, shall be of 
substantial watertight construction and be provided with means whereby 
they may be securely locked.
    (g) Racks, stanchions, battens, and other devices shall be installed 
to provide rigid and safe stowage of explosives in their approved 
shipping containers with a minimum of dunnage.
    (h) Decks shall be covered with a permanent nonslip nonspark 
covering.



Sec. 194.10-15   Magazine van construction.

    (a) Vans shall be of substantial metal construction. Their interior 
shall be insulated with an approved incombustible insulation to the 
standards required for A-15 divisional bulkheads as prescribed in part 
72 of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter. The interior 
shall be lined flush with incombustible materials.
    (b) Lighting fixtures, if installed, shall be of an approved type 
equipped with globes and guards. All electrical installations shall meet 
the applicable requirements of Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of 
this chapter. The electrical terminals for connections to the ship's 
electrical system shall be of watertight construction and bear a label 
plate denoting the power requirement of the van.
    (c) Access doors and ventilation closures shall be of watertight 
construction. Doors shall be provided with means whereby they may be 
securely locked.
    (d) Vans shall be provided with suitable pads and clips for securing 
to the deck and for installation of wire rope sway braces.
    (e) Vans shall bear a label plate stating light weight, gross weight 
and weight of explosives. Gross weight shall not exceed 250 pounds per 
square foot of deck area.



Sec. 194.10-20   Magazine chest construction.

    (a) Magazine chests shall be of watertight metal construction with 
flush interior. The body and lid shall have a minimum thickness of \1/8\ 
inch.
    (b) Permanent sun shields shall be provided for sides and top 
including the lid. These shall have a minimum thickness of \1/8\-inch 
aluminum or 16-gage steel. Side shields shall be offset from the body a 
distance of 1 inch. The top shield shall be offset a distance of 1\1/2\ 
inches. Sun shields may be omitted when chests are installed ``on deck 
protected,'' shielded from direct exposure to the sun.
    (c) Chests shall be limited to a gross capacity of 100 cubic feet.
    (d) Chests shall be secured to the vessel's structure by means of 
permanently installed foundation clips or bolts or a combination 
thereof. Lashings will not be acceptable.
    (e) Chests shall be provided with substantial hasps and staples for 
locking purposes.



Sec. 194.10-25   Ventilation.

    (a) Integral magazines. (1) All integral magazines shall be provided 
with natural or mechanical ventilation. Design calculations shall be 
submitted demonstrating that the system has sufficient capacity to 
maintain the magazine temperature below 100 deg. F. with 88 deg. F. 
weather air. Mechanical cooling may be used where ventilation 
requirements exceed 1,500 cubic feet per minute.
    (2) Ventilation systems shall be of watertight construction and 
shall serve no other space. Weather cowls shall be provided with a 
double layer of wire screen of not less than \1/8\-inch mesh. Metal 
watertight closures shall be provided for use when the ventilation 
system is not in operation. A 2-inch IPS bypass with check valve shall 
be provided in parallel with at least one of the ventilation closures to 
prevent pressure buildup.
    (b) Magazine vans. (1) All magazine vans shall be provided with 
natural ventilation sufficient to maintain the inside air temperature 
below 130 deg. F. with an assumed outside temperature of 115 deg. F.
    (2) Ventilation supply weather openings shall be located at least 6 
feet above the deck. Exhaust terminals shall be located in the van 
overhead. Louvers or weather cowls with a double layer of wire screen of 
not less than \1/8\-

[[Page 358]]

inch mesh shall be provided for protection of weather openings.



Sec. 194.10-30   Magazine sprinklers.

    (a) Sprinkler system required. (1) A manual control, hydraulic 
control, or automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in each 
magazine or magazine group. The control valve shall generally be in 
accordance with Specification MIL-V-17501 insofar as materials and test 
fittings are concerned. All systems shall be remotely operable from a 
control station on the freeboard deck and manually operable at the 
control valve location.
    (2) Where automatic systems are installed sprinkler heads shall be 
of the open head design so as to permit either manual or automatic 
operation.
    (3) Sprinkler systems shall be designed in accordance with the 
requirements of part 76 of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this 
chapter. Minimum total system capacity shall be based on 0.8 gallon per 
minute per square foot of overhead area.
    (4) The normally required fire pumps may be used for magazine 
sprinkling purposes. However, the use of the magazine sprinkling system 
shall not interfere with the simultaneous use of the fire main system.
    (b) Magazine vans. (1) A manual control sprinkler system shall be 
installed in each magazine van. The system shall be connected to the 
nearest fire main outlet by jumper hose. The hose shall be protected 
from physical damage by a grating or similar arrangement. The fire 
station valve shall serve as the sprinkler control valve.
    (2) Sprinkler systems shall be designed in accordance with the 
requirements of part 76 of Subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this 
chapter, except that the system capacity shall be sufficient to provide 
a coverage of 0.4 gallon per minute per square foot of overhead area.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 82-063b, 48 FR 
4783, Feb. 3, 1983]



Sec. 194.10-35   Labeling.

    (a) Labeling shall be in 3-inch block type lettering. Letters shall 
be red or white, whichever provides the better contrast against the 
background. On small chests the labeling size may be reduced to that 
consistent with the size of the chest so that the inscription may be 
placed in its entirety on the side or top.
    (b) The access door to magazines and magazine vans shall bear the 
inscription:

                                MAGAZINE

                     KEEP OPEN LIGHTS AND FIRE AWAY

                            KEEP DOOR CLOSED

              REMOVE MATCHES AND LIGHTERS PRIOR TO ENTERING

    (c) Magazine chests shall be marked in a conspicuous location, 
preferably the top, with the inscription:

                             MAGAZINE CHEST

                     KEEP OPEN LIGHTS AND FIRE AWAY

    (d) Magazine chests used for blasting caps, detonators, or boosters 
shall be marked in a conspicuous location with the inscription as 
appropriate:

                           BLASTING CAP LOCKER

                                   or

                            DETONATOR LOCKER

                                   or

                             BOOSTER LOCKER

                     KEEP OPEN LIGHTS AND FIRE AWAY

    (e) Magazine van, unless specifically approved as a portable 
magazine under provisions of 49 CFR 176.150 shall bear the additional 
statements on each side:

                                MAGAZINE

                                 WARNING

                        DO NOT LIFT WITH CONTENTS

    (f) Control locations for magazine sprinkler systems, in addition to 
the operating instructions required by Sec. 76.20-20 of Subchapter H 
(Passenger Vessels) of this chapter shall bear the inscription:

                       MAGAZINE SPRINKLER CONTROL

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]

[[Page 359]]



     Subpart 194.15--Chemistry Laboratory and Scientific Laboratory



Sec. 194.15-1   General.

    (a) Chemical and scientific laboratories shall be considered service 
areas, and as such shall be subject to the applicable requirements of 
Sec. 190.07-10(d).
    (1) Incombustible materials shall be used, insofar as is reasonable 
and practicable, for permanently installed laboratory furnishings and 
equipment, such as desks, file and storage cabinets, waste paper 
baskets, work benches, chair frames, etc. Working surfaces where 
chemical stores are used shall be of incombustible material.
    (2) Combustible materials may be used for other working surfaces and 
for temporary furnishings and equipment installed to facilitate a 
specific scientific mission.
    (b) Storage of all equipment, materials, etc., and cleanliness shall 
be consistent with sound laboratory practices. All items shall be 
securely stowed.
    (c) Provision shall be made for rapid removal of chemical spills and 
protection of the deck. In areas where chemicals will commonly be used, 
the deck shall be covered with a nonskid masonry or other suitably 
resistant material so fashioned that spillage will be contained and 
easily removed.
    (d) The access doors to the laboratory shall bear the inscription 
``Chemical Laboratory'', or ``Scientific Laboratory'', in lettering 
meeting requirements of Sec. 194.10-35(a).



Sec. 194.15-3   Responsibility.

    (a) With the knowledge and approval of the master, the senior member 
of the scientific party embarked may supervise the safety and operation 
of the chemical laboratory.
    (b) The laboratory supervisor shall:
    (1) Maintain the highest standards of safe working conditions.
    (2) Provide safeguards against hazardous undertakings.
    (3) Educate personnel working in the laboratory spaces to be alert 
for hazards.



Sec. 194.15-5   Ventilation.

    (a) Operations, reactions or experiments which produce toxic, 
noxious or corrosive vapors shall be conducted under a suitably 
installed fume hood. The fume hood shall be equipped with an independent 
power exhaust ventilation system which terminates so as to prevent fumes 
from entering other portions of the vessel. The exhaust system of the 
fume hood shall be compatible with the ventilation system of the 
laboratory to prevent fumes from backing-up within the fume hood system. 
The terminals shall be equipped with acceptable flame screens.
    (b) Chemical laboratories shall be equipped with power ventilation 
system of the exhaust type serving the entire laboratory for use in the 
event of spills or other emergencies. The system shall have a capacity 
sufficient to effect a complete change of air in not more than 4 minutes 
based upon the volume of the compartment.
    (1) Power ventilation units shall have nonsparking impellers and 
shall not produce a source of vapor ignition in either the compartment 
or the ventilation system associated with the compartment.
    (2) The power ventilation system shall be interlocked with any other 
ventilation or air-conditioning system serving the laboratory in a 
manner to prevent the circulation of vapors to other spaces.
    (3) This ventilation system shall be independent of any other 
ventilation system in the vessel. It shall serve no other space. It 
shall be of watertight construction.
    (4) Ventilation exhaust outlets shall terminate more than 6 feet 
from any opening to the interior part of the vessel and from any 
possible source of vapor ignition.
    (5) The control for the power ventilation system shall be 
conveniently located and marked in a manner to clearly identify the 
purpose of the control.
    (c) Ventilation of air conditioning systems serving the chemical 
laboratory shall be designed so that air cannot be recirculated into an 
accommodation space.

[[Page 360]]



Sec. 194.15-7   Fire protection.

    (a) If a fixed or semiportable fire-fighting system is installed, it 
shall meet the applicable requirements in part 193 of this subchapter. 
Other fire-fighting systems will be given special consideration by the 
Commandant.
    (b) Portable fire extinguishers are required in accordance with 
Table 193.50-10(a) of this subchapter.



Sec. 194.15-9   Storage.

    (a) Chemical stores mentioned in Sec. 194.05-3 may be stored in 
small working quantities in the laboratory provided their containers are 
labeled in accordance with Sec. 194.05-5(a).
    (b) Chemical stores in greater than small laboratory working 
quantities shall be stored in approved containers in the chemical 
storeroom as prescribed in Sec. 194.05-1(b).
    (c) All material stored in any laboratory shall be securely stowed 
for sea with due consideration for chemical compatibility and safety 
standards.



Sec. 194.15-11   Flushing systems.

    (a) Working spaces in which chemical stores are used shall be 
equipped with a fresh water supply shower.
    (b) There shall be a provision for flushing away chemical spills.



Sec. 194.15-15  Chemicals other than compressed gases.

    Chemicals, including those listed in 49 CFR part 172, may be stored 
in small working quantities in the chemical laboratory.

[CGD 86-033, 53 FR 36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.15-17   Compressed gases other than inert gases.

    (a) When, in consideration for a particular operation, compressed 
gases are needed within the laboratory, the cylinders may be temporarily 
installed in the laboratory, provided no more than one (1) cylinder of 
each gas is in the laboratory simultaneously. When transporting 
compressed gas cylinders to, from, or within the vessel, the cylinder 
valves shall be capped or otherwise protected in accordance with 49 CFR 
173.301(g).
    (b) Cylinders temporarily installed in the laboratory shall be 
securely stowed for sea. Appropriate safety signs shall be displayed and 
safety precautions observed.
    (c) Oxygen and acetylene cylinders for use in ship's maintenance 
shall not be stored in the laboratory.
    (d) Systems providing gas for bunsen burners or similar 
semipermanent/permanent installations shall be installed in accordance 
with subpart 195.03 of part 195.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.15-19   Electrical.

    (a) All electrical equipment located within 18 inches of the deck of 
the chemical laboratory shall be in accordance with the applicable 
requirements of Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter 
for Class I, Division 2, hazardous locations. Electrical equipment 
located 18 inches or more above the deck may be of a type suitable for 
wet or dry locations in accordance with Subchapter J.



            Subpart 194.20--Chemical Stores and/or Storerooms



Sec. 194.20-1   General.

    (a) The chemical storerooms shall be considered to be service areas 
and as such shall be subject to the applicable requirements of 
Sec. 190.07-10(d).
    (1) Installed equipment, such as shelves and cabinets, shall be 
constructed of incombustible materials.
    (2) The access doors to the storeroom shall bear the inscription 
``Chemical Storeroom.''
    (b) Storage and cleanliness shall be consistent with good chemical 
stowage practices.
    (c) The deck of the chemical storeroom shall be of a nonskid 
material suitably resistant to chemical spills. Provision shall be made 
for the containment and removal of chemical spills.
    (d) Chemical reactions and experiments shall not be conducted in the 
chemical storeroom.
    (e) A storeroom, when used as a chemical storeroom, shall be 
exclusively for the stowage of chemical stores.

[[Page 361]]

    (f) All doors shall open in the direction of escape.
    (g) Movement of chemical stores to, or from, the storeroom shall be 
accomplished utilizing suitable, portable containers. In no event shall 
piping systems, or similar arrangements, be permitted for transfer of 
chemical stores between the storeroom and the area in which the chemical 
stores are to be used.



Sec. 194.20-3   Responsibility.

    (a) With the knowledge and approval of the master the senior member 
of the scientific party embarked may supervise the safety and operation 
of the chemical storerooms.
    (b) The chemical storeroom supervisor shall:
    (1) Maintain the highest standards of safe working conditions.
    (2) Provide safeguards against hazardous undertakings.
    (3) Educate personnel working in, and near, the storeroom to be 
alert for hazards.



Sec. 194.20-5   Ventilation.

    (a) Chemical storerooms shall be equipped with a power ventilation 
system of exhaust type. The system shall have a capacity sufficient to 
effect a complete change of air in not more than 4 minutes based upon 
the volume of the compartment.
    (1) Power ventilation units shall have nonsparking impellers and 
shall not produce a source of vapor ignition in either the compartment 
or the ventilation system associated with the compartment.
    (2) This ventilation system shall be independent of any other 
ventilation system. It shall serve no other space in the vessel. It 
shall be of watertight construction.
    (3) Inlets to exhaust ducts shall be provided and located at points 
where concentration of vapors may be expected. Ventilation exhaust 
outlets shall terminate more than 6 feet from any opening to the 
interior part of the vessel and from any possible source of vapor 
ignition. Terminals shall be fitted with acceptable flame screens.
    (4) The control for the power ventilation system shall be 
conveniently located and marked in a manner to clearly identify the 
purpose of the control.
    (b) Provisions shall be made so that the chemical storeroom will be 
ventilated before it is entered. An Indicator shall be provided outside 
the space to show that ventilation is being provided. In addition, the 
storeroom shall be marked ``Danger--Ventilate Before Entering.''



Sec. 194.20-7   Fire protection.

    (a) Each chemical storeroom shall be protected by a fixed automatic 
carbon dioxide extinguishing system installed in accordance with subpart 
193.15 of part 193 of this subchapter.
    (b) Portable fire extinguishers are required in accordance with 
Table 193.50-10(a) of this subchapter.



Sec. 194.20-9   Storage.

    (a) Chemical stores shall be stored in the chemical storeroom as 
prescribed in Sec. 194.05-1(b).
    (b) All items stored in the storeroom shall be secured against 
shifting and with due consideration for chemical compatibility and 
safety standards.
    (1) Items shall not be stowed on the deck.
    (2) Shelving shall be so constructed as to provide a clear space of 
at least 4 inches between the bottom shelf and the deck.



Sec. 194.20-11   Flushing systems.

    (a) Provision shall be made for flushing away chemical spills.
    (b) If a drainage system is installed, it shall be separate from any 
other drainage system.



Sec. 194.20-15   Chemical stores other than compressed gases.

    (a) Flammable liquids are excluded from the storeroom unless 
contained in properly marked and labeled metal safety cans not in excess 
of 5 gallons of each kind. Refer to subpart 194.05 for applicable 
requirements governing quantities greater than 5 gallons.
    (b) Combustible liquids in approved portable drums, barrels or 
containers not in excess of 55 gallons of each kind may be stored in the 
storeroom. Refer to subpart 194.05 for applicable requirements governing 
quantities greater than 55 gallons.

[[Page 362]]

    (c) Containers when used for dispensing flammable and combustible 
liquids shall be equipped with automatic closing valves.
    (d) Poisons listed in 49 CFR part 172 may be stored in approved 
containers in the chemical storeroom.
    (e) Explosives and oxidizing materials not for use in the chemical 
laboratory shall not be stored in the chemical storeroom.
    (f) Chemical stores specifically mentioned in 49 CFR part 172 may be 
carried in the chemical storeroom.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.20-17   Compressed gases.

    (a) Nonflammable compressed gases (excluding oxygen) may be securely 
stowed in the storeroom: Provided, That no more than eight (8) cylinders 
total are stowed simultaneously in the same chemical storeroom.
    (b) Flammable compressed gases and oxygen shall be stowed in 
accordance with 49 CFR part 176, subpart H.
    (c) Compressed gas cylinders shall have valve protection in 
accordance with 49 CFR 173.301(g) and shall be safely stowed in a 
vertical position in suitable racks.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1151, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



Sec. 194.20-19   Piping and electrical requirements.

    (a) Piping, electrical equipment, and wiring shall not be installed 
within or pass through a chemical storeroom except as required for the 
chemical storeroom itself.
    (b) The electrical installation shall be in accordance with the 
applicable requirements of Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this 
chapter for Class I, Division 1, Group C hazardous locations.



      Subpart 194.90--Vessels Contracted for Prior to March 1, 1968



Sec. 194.90-1   Requirements.

    (a) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
following requirements:
    (1) Existing arrangements, materials, and facilities previously 
approved but not meeting the applicable requirements of subparts 194.05 
through 194.20 may be continued in service so long as they are 
maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection. Minor repairs, alterations, and replacements 
may be permitted to the same standards as the original design: Provided, 
That in no case will a greater departure from the standards of subparts 
194.05 through 194.20 be permitted than presently exists.
    (2) All new installations, major alterations, and major replacements 
shall meet the applicable requirements in this part for new vessels.
    (3) The general requirements of subparts 194.05 through 194.20 shall 
apply unless in the opinion of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, 
it is unreasonable or impracticable, or the arrangement or construction 
of the vessel makes it unnecessary.



PART 195--VESSEL CONTROL AND MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT--Table of Contents




                       Subpart 195.01--Application

Sec.
195.01-1  General.
195.01-3  Incorporation by reference.

               Subpart 195.03--Marine Engineering Systems

195.03-1  Installation and details.

   Subpart 195.05--Electrical Engineering and Interior Communications 
                                 Systems

195.05-1  Installation and details.

         Subpart 195.06--Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements

195.06-1  Lifesaving appliances and arrangements.

[[Page 363]]

              Subpart 195.07--Anchors, Chains, and Hawsers

195.07-1  Application.
195.07-5  Ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes service.
195.07-10  Lakes, bays, and sounds, or river service.
195.07-90  Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

                  Subpart 195.09--Scientific Equipment

195.09-1  Application.
195.09-5  General.

                 Subpart 195.11--Portable Vans and Tanks

195.11-1  Application.
195.11-5  Scope.
195.11-10  Design and construction of portable vans.
195.11-15  Plan approval and inspection.
195.11-20  Marking and label plate.
195.11-25  Loading and stowage.
195.11-30  Portable tanks.

                          Subpart 195.17--Radar

195.17-1  When required.

            Subpart 195.19--Magnetic Compass and Gyrocompass

195.19-1  When required.

                   Subpart 195.27--Sounding Equipment

195.27-1  When required.

              Subpart 195.30--Protection From Refrigerants

195.30-1  Application.
195.30-5  General.
195.30-15  Self-contained breathing apparatus.
195.30-90  Vessels contracted for before November 23, 1992.

                    Subpart 195.35--Fireman's Outfit

195.35-1  Application.
195.35-5  General.
195.35-10  Fireman's outfit.
195.35-15  Stowage.
195.35-20  Spare charges.
195.35-90  Vessels contracted for before November 23, 1992.

                Subpart 195.40--Pilot Boarding Equipment

195.40-1  Pilot boarding equipment.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2113, 3306; 49 U.S.C. App. 1804; E.O. 12234, 45 
FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1156, Jan. 27, 1968, unless otherwise 
noted.



                       Subpart 195.01--Application



Sec. 195.01-1   General.

    (a) The provisions of this part shall apply to all vessels except as 
specifically noted in this part.



Sec. 195.01-3  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain materials are incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a). To enforce any edition other than the one listed 
in paragraph (b) of this section, notice of the change must be published 
in the Federal Register and the material made available to the public. 
All approved material is on file at the Office of the Federal Register, 
Washington, DC 20408, and at the U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Design and 
Engineering Standards, 2100 Second Street SW., Washington, DC 20593-
0001, and is available from the address indicated in paragraph (b).
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
part, and the sections affected is:

               American Society for Testing and Materials

1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103.
ASTM F1014-1986  Standard Specification for Flashlights on Vessels.
Sections affected--195.35-5(c).

[CGD 82-042, 53 FR 17706, May 18, 1988, as amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



               Subpart 195.03--Marine Engineering Systems



Sec. 195.03-1   Installation and details.

    (a) The installation of all systems of a marine engineering nature, 
together with the details of design, construction, and installation, 
shall be in accordance with the requirements of Subchapter F (Marine 
Engineering) of this chapter. Systems of this type include the 
following:

Steering Systems.
Bilge and Ballast Systems.
Tank Vent and Sounding Systems.
Overboard Discharges and Shell Connections.
Pipe and Pressure Systems.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas Systems.

[[Page 364]]



   Subpart 195.05--Electrical Engineering and Interior Communications 
                                 Systems



Sec. 195.05-1   Installation and details.

    (a) The installation of all systems of an electrical engineering or 
interior communication nature, together with the details of design, 
construction, and installation shall be in accordance with the 
requirements of Subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter. 
Systems of this type include the following:

Ship's Service Generating Systems.
Ship's Service Power Distribution Systems.
Ship's Lighting Systems.
Electric Propulsion and Propulsion Control Systems.
Emergency Lighting and Power Systems.
Electric Lifeboat Winch Systems.
Electric Steering Gear and Steering Control Systems.
Fire Detecting and Alarm Systems.
Sound Powered Telephone and Voice Tube Systems.
Engine Order Telegraph Systems.
Rudder Angle Indicator Systems.
Refrigerated Spaces Alarm Systems.
Navigation Lights Systems.
Daylight Signaling Lights.
Miscellaneous Machinery Alarms and Controls.
General Alarm Systems.



         Subpart 195.06--Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements



Sec. 195.06-1  Lifesaving appliances and arrangements.

    All lifesaving appliances and arrangements shall be in accordance 
with the requirements for special purpose vessels in subchapter W 
(Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25312, May 20, 1996]



              Subpart 195.07--Anchors, Chains, and Hawsers



Sec. 195.07-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of 
Sec. 195.07-90, shall apply to all vessels other than unmanned barges, 
contracted for on or after March 1, 1968.
    (b) Vessels other than unmanned barges contracted for prior to March 
1, 1968 shall meet the requirements of Sec. 195.07-90.



Sec. 195.07-5   Ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes service.

    (a) Vessels in ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes service shall be 
fitted with anchors, chains, and hawsers which shall be in general 
agreement with the standards established by the American Bureau of 
Shipping, see subpart 188.35 of part 188 of this subchapter.
    (b) In addition to the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, 
the following requirements and alternatives also apply:
    (1) The American Bureau of Shipping rules relating to anchor 
equipment are mandatory, not a guide.
    (2) Vessels under 200 feet (61 meters) in length and with an 
American Bureau of Shipping equipment number of less than 150 may be 
equipped with either:
    (i) One anchor of the tabular weight and one-half the tabulated 
length of anchor chain listed in the applicable standard, or
    (ii) Two anchors of one-half the tabular weight with the total 
length of anchor chain listed in the applicable standard provided both 
anchors are in a position that allows for ready use at all times and the 
windlass is capable of heaving in either anchor.
    (c) Standards of other recognized classification societies may be 
used, in lieu of those established by the American Bureau of Shipping, 
upon approval by the Commandant.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1156, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 87-013, 53 FR 
20624, June 6, 1988]



Sec. 195.07-10   Lakes, bays, and sounds, or river service.

    (a) Vessels in lakes, bays, and sounds, or river service shall be 
fitted with such ground tackle and hawsers as deemed necessary by the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, depending upon the size of the 
vessel and the waters on which it operates.



Sec. 195.07-90   Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968.

    (a) Vessels contracted for prior to March 1, 1968, shall meet the 
following requirements:

[[Page 365]]

    (1) Existing arrangements, materials, installations, and facilities 
previously accepted or approved shall be considered satisfactory for the 
same service so long as they are maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. If the service 
of the vessel is changed, the suitability of the equipment will be 
established by the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
    (2) Minor repairs, alterations and replacements may be permitted to 
the same standards as the original installations. However, all new 
installations, major alterations, or major replacements shall meet the 
applicable requirements in this subpart for new vessels.



                  Subpart 195.09--Scientific Equipment



Sec. 195.09-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels.



Sec. 195.09-5   General.

    (a) All scientific equipment shall be designed to good commercial 
standards for such appliances, where applicable. Their electrical and 
pressure connections to the ship's supply shall be designed to marine 
standards.
    (b) It shall be the responsibility of the owner to assure that the 
scientific equipment and their electrical or pressure connections to the 
ship's supply are maintained in such a manner as to be free of personnel 
hazards which may be caused by shock, temperature extremes, and moving 
parts.



                 Subpart 195.11--Portable Vans and Tanks



Sec. 195.11-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels.



Sec. 195.11-5   Scope.

    (a) The provisions in this subpart contain requirements for the 
design, construction, and stowage of portable vans, or tanks, which may 
be carried on board vessels. As used in this subpart, portable vans and 
tanks, are intended to include those temporary structures which may be 
carried aboard a vessel for a limited period of time and which are not 
permanently attached to the vessel.
    (b) Special consideration may be given to the approval of portable 
structures which have been used for other purposes prior to proposed use 
on these vessels.
    (c) As used in this subpart, portable vans, magazines, chests, etc., 
are intended to include those temporary structures which may be carried 
aboard a vessel for a limited period of time and which are not 
permanently attached to the vessel. The use, arrangement, and handling 
of such portable structures shall be approved by the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, prior to placement on board the vessel.



Sec. 195.11-10   Design and construction of portable vans.

    (a) The design and material selection shall incorporate 
consideration of forces and environmental conditions to which the 
structure, attachments, and attachment points will be exposed.
    (b) Steel, aluminum or other substantial material suitable for a 
marine environment may be used for construction of the basic van box.
    (c) Accommodation vans are those intended to provide increased 
accommodation and related spaces of a temporary nature aboard a vessel. 
They shall, insofar as is reasonable and practicable, meet the 
applicable requirements of this subchapter for means of escape, 
arrangement, interior construction, and electrical installations.
    (d) Power vans are those outfitted with electrical power generating 
machinery or batteries providing electrical power for other vans or to 
scientific equipment. They shall insofar as is reasonable and 
practicable meet the applicable requirements of this subchapter for 
pressure piping, electrical, fire extinguishing and ventilation systems.
    (e) Vans for the use or storage of chemical stores as defined in 
Sec. 194.05-3 of this subchapter shall be constructed and outfitted in 
accordance with the applicable requirements of this subchapter.

[[Page 366]]

    (f) Vans containing scientific equipment are considered as within 
the definition of Sec. 188.10-67 of this subchapter.



Sec. 195.11-15   Plan approval and inspection.

    (a) Accommodation, power and chemical stores vans are subject to 
normal plan submission procedures of subpart 189.55 and to initial 
construction inspection. They shall also be subject to reinspection at 
two year intervals.
    (b) Vans which have not undergone plan review and initial inspection 
may be accepted on a single voyage basis by the OCMI provided that they 
are in good condition and are free of hazards to personnel.



Sec. 195.11-20   Marking and label plate.

    (a) All vans shall be provided with a label plate stating light 
weight, gross weight, and power requirements where applicable.
    (b) For vans subject to inspection label plates shall provide space 
for the date of initial inspection, the marine inspector's initials, and 
stamp. Space shall also be provided for the reinspection stamping.



Sec. 195.11-25   Loading and stowage.

    (a) Vans required to be inspected and bearing a current inspection 
stamp may be accepted for loading and stowage by the master of the 
vessel who shall insure that the van is in good condition.
    (1) Vans containing scientific equipment and nonhazardous stores may 
be accepted by the master of the vessel subject to his inspection to 
determine that electrical and pressure connections are in good condition 
and adequate for the service intended.
    (b) The master shall insure that all vans are securely stowed and 
attached to the vessel to prevent shifting in a seaway. Portable vans to 
be occupied during the vessel's operation shall be securely attached to 
the vessel by welding, bolting, or equivalent means.
    (c) Vans shall be located with due regard to access and to prevent 
recirculation of the discharge from the exhaust systems of the vessel.
    (d) The loading of vans shall be in accordance with the stability 
requirements of the vessel.
    (e) Prior to a vessel's departure, an entry shall be made in the 
official logbook for each portable van placed on board that such van and 
its stowage are in compliance with the applicable requirements in this 
subchapter.



Sec. 195.11-30   Portable tanks.

    (a) All portable tanks, whether hazardous or nonhazardous 
commodities, shall be loaded and stowed in accordance with the stability 
requirements of the vessel.
    (b) Portable tanks for flammable or combustible liquids in bulk (see 
Sec. 188.05-30(b) of this subchapter) shall not be carried on vessels.
    (c) Portable tanks containing other hazardous materials shall be in 
accordance with the requirements of 49 CFR parts 171-179.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1156, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 86-033, 53 FR 
36027, Sept. 16, 1988]



                          Subpart 195.17--Radar



Sec. 195.17-1  When required.

    All mechanically propelled vessels of 1,600 gross tons and over in 
ocean or coastwise service must be fitted with a marine radar system for 
surface navigation. Facilities for plotting radar readings must be 
provided on the bridge.

[CGD 75-074, 42 FR 5965, Jan. 31, 1977]



            Subpart 195.19--Magnetic Compass and Gyrocompass



Sec. 195.19-1  When required.

    (a) All mechanically propelled vessels in ocean or coastwise service 
must be fitted with a magnetic compass.
    (b) All mechanically propelled vessels of 1,600 gross tons and over 
in ocean or coastwise service must be fitted with a gyrocompass in 
addition to the magnetic compass.
    (c) Each vessel must have an illuminated repeater for the 
gyrocompass required under paragraph (b) that is at the main steering 
stand unless the gyrocompass is illuminated and is at the main steering 
stand.

[CGD 75-074, 42 FR 5965, Jan. 31, 1977]

[[Page 367]]



                   Subpart 195.27--Sounding Equipment



Sec. 195.27-1   When required.

    (a) All mechanically propelled vessels of 500 gross tons and over 
shall be fitted with an efficient electronic deep-sea sounding apparatus 
and another independent means of obtaining deep-sea soundings, which may 
be a deep-sea hand lead.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1156, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGD 75-074, 42 FR 
5965, Jan. 31, 1977]



              Subpart 195.30--Protection From Refrigerants

    Source: CGD 86-036, 57 FR 48327, Oct. 23, 1992, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 195.30-1  Application.

    (a) This subpart, except Sec. 195.30-90, applies to each vessel that 
is contracted for on or after November 23, 1992, and is equipped with 
any refrigeration unit using--
    (1) Ammonia to refrigerate any space with a volume of more than 20 
cubic feet; or
    (2) Fluorocarbons to refrigerate any space with a volume of more 
than 1000 cubic feet.
    (b) Each vessel that is contracted for before November 23, 1992, 
must satisfy Sec. 195.30-90 if it is equipped with any refrigeration 
unit using--
    (1) Ammonia to refrigerate any space with a volume of more than 20 
cubic feet, or
    (2) Fluorocarbons to refrigerate any space with a volume of more 
than 1000 cubic feet.



Sec. 195.30-5  General.

    (a) Each self-contained breathing apparatus must be of the pressure-
demand, open-circuit type, approved by the Mine Safety and Health 
Administration (MSHA) and by the National Institute for Occupational 
Safety and Health (NIOSH), and have at a minimum a 30-minute air supply, 
a full facepiece, and a spare charge.
    (b) All equipment shall be maintained in an operative condition, and 
it shall be the responsibility of the master and chief engineer to 
ascertain that a sufficient number of the crew are familiar with the 
operation of the equipment.



Sec. 195.30-15  Self-contained breathing apparatus.

    (a) Each vessel must have a self-contained breathing apparatus for 
use as protection against gas leaking from a refrigeration unit.
    (b) The self-contained breathing apparatus required by paragraph (a) 
of this section may be one of those required by Sec. 195.35-10.



Sec. 195.30-90  Vessels contracted for before November 23, 1992.

    Vessels contracted for before November 23, 1992, must meet the 
following requirements:
    (a) Each vessel must satisfy Secs. 195.30-5 through 195.30-15 
concerning the number of items and method of stowage of equipment.
    (b) Items of equipment previously approved, but not meeting the 
applicable specifications set forth in Sec. 195.30-5, may continue in 
service as long as they are maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection; but each item 
in an installation or a replacement must meet all applicable 
specifications.
    (c) After November 23, 1994, each respirator must either satisfy 
Sec. 195.30-5(a) or be a self-contained compressed-air breathing 
apparatus previously approved by MSHA and NIOSH under part 160, subpart 
160.011, of this chapter.



                    Subpart 195.35--Fireman's Outfit



Sec. 195.35-1  Application.

    (a) This subpart, except Sec. 195.35-90, applies to each vessel, 
other than an unmanned barge, contracted for on or after November 23, 
1992.
    (b) Each vessel, other than an unmanned barge, contracted for before 
November 23, 1992, must satisfy Sec. 195.35-90.
    (c) All unmanned barges are exempt from the requirements in this 
subpart. However, if any unmanned barge carries a fireman's outfit, the 
outfit must

[[Page 368]]

meet the requirements in this subpart for such outfits aboard manned 
barges.

[CGD 86-036, 57 FR 48327, Oct. 23, 1992]



Sec. 195.35-5   General.

    (a) All flame safety lamps shall be of an approved type, constructed 
in accordance with subpart 160.016 of part 160 of Subchapter Q 
(Specifications) of this chapter.
    (b) Each self-contained breathing apparatus must be of the pressure-
demand, open-circuit type, approved by the Mine Safety and Health 
Administration (MSHA) and by the National Institute for Occupational 
Safety and Health (NIOSH), and have at a minimum a 30-minute air supply 
and a full facepiece.
    (c) Flashlights shall be Type II or Type III, constructed and marked 
in accordance with ASTM F1014-1986.
    (d) All lifelines shall be of steel or bronze wire rope. Steel wire 
rope shall be either inherently corrosion-resistant, or made so by 
galvanizing or tinning. Each end shall be fitted with a hook with keeper 
having throat opening which can be readily slipped over a \5/8\-inch 
bolt. The total length of the lifeline shall be dependent upon the size 
and arrangement of the vessel, and more than one line may be hooked 
together to achieve the necessary length. No individual length of 
lifeline may be less than 50 feet in length. The assembled lifeline 
shall have a minimum breaking strength of 1,500 pounds.
    (e) All equipment shall be maintained in an operative condition, and 
it shall be the responsibility of the master and chief engineer to 
ascertain that a sufficient number of the crew are familiar with the 
operation of the equipment.
    (f) Boots and gloves shall be of rubber or other electrically 
nonconducting material.
    (g) The helmet shall provide effective protection against impact.
    (h) Protective clothing shall be of material that will protect the 
skin from the heat of fire and burns from scalding steam. The outer 
surface shall be water resistant.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1156, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69-72, 34 FR 
17504, Oct. 29, 1969; CGD 82-042, 53 FR 17706, May 18, 1988; CGD 86-036, 
57 FR 48327, Oct. 23, 1992]



Sec. 195.35-10   Fireman's outfit.

    (a) Each fireman's outfit must consist of one self-contained 
breathing apparatus, one lifeline with a belt or a suitable harness, one 
flashlight, one flame safety lamp, one rigid helmet, boots and gloves, 
protective clothing, and one fire ax.
    (b) Every vessel shall carry at least two fireman's outfits. The 
fireman's outfits must be stored in widely separated, accessible 
locations.

[CGFR 69-72, 34 FR 17504, Oct. 29, 1969, as amended by CGD 75-074, 42 FR 
5965, Jan. 31, 1977; CGD 86-036, 57 FR 48327, Oct. 23, 1992]



Sec. 195.35-15   Stowage.

    (a) Equipment shall be stowed in a convenient, accessible location 
as determined by the master, for use in case of emergency.



Sec. 195.35-20   Spare charges.

    (a) A complete recharge shall be carried for each self-contained 
breathing apparatus, and a complete set of spare batteries shall be 
carried for each flashlight. The spares shall be stowed in the same 
location as the equipment it is to reactivate.



Sec. 195.35-90  Vessels contracted for before November 23, 1992.

    Vessels contracted for before November 23, 1992, must meet the 
following requirements:
    (a) Each vessel must satisfy Secs. 195.35-5 through 195.35-20 
concerning the number of items and method of stowage of equipment.
    (b) Items of equipment previously approved, but not meeting the 
applicable specifications set forth in Sec. 195.35-5, may continue in 
service as long as they are maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection; but each item 
in an installation or a replacement must meet all applicable 
specifications.
    (c) After November 23, 1994, each respirator must either satisfy 
Sec. 195.35-5(b) or be a self-contained compressed-air breathing 
apparatus previously approved by MSHA and NIOSH under part 160, subpart 
160.011, of this chapter.

[CGD 86-036, 57 FR 48327, Oct. 23, 1992]

[[Page 369]]



                Subpart 195.40--Pilot Boarding Equipment



Sec. 195.40-1  Pilot boarding equipment.

    (a) This section applies to each vessel that normally embarks or 
disembarks a pilot from a pilot boat or other vessel.
    (b) Each vessel must have suitable pilot boarding equipment 
available for use on each side of the vessel. If a vessel has only one 
set of equipment, the equipment must be capable of being easily 
transferred to and rigged for use on either side of the vessel.
    (c) Pilot boarding equipment must be capable of resting firmly 
against the vessel's side and be secured so that it is clear from 
overboard discharges.
    (d) Each vessel must have lighting positioned to provide adequate 
illumination for the pilot boarding equipment and each point of access.
    (e) Each vessel must have a point of access that has--
    (1) A gateway in the rails or bulwark with adequate handholds; or
    (2) Two handhold stanchions and a bulwark ladder that is securely 
attached to the bulwark rail and deck.
    (f) The pilot boarding equipment required by paragraph (b) of this 
section must include at least one pilot ladder approved under subpart 
163.003 of this chapter. Each pilot ladder must be of a single length 
and capable of extending from the point of access to the water's edge 
during each condition of loading and trim, with an adverse list of 
15 deg..
    (g) Whenever the distance from the water's edge to the point of 
access is more than 30 feet, access from a pilot ladder to the vessel 
must be by way of an accommodation ladder or equally safe and convenient 
means.
    (h) Pilot hoists, if used, must be approved under subpart 163.002 of 
this chapter.

[CGD 79-032, 49 FR 25455, June 21, 1984]



PART 196--OPERATIONS--Table of Contents




                       Subpart 196.01--Application

Sec.
196.01-1  General.

        Subpart 196.05--Notice to Mariners and Aids to Navigation

196.05-1  Duty of officers.
196.05-5  Charts and nautical publications.

   Subpart 196.07--Notice and Reporting of Casualty and Voyage Records

196.07-1  Notice and reporting of casualty and voyage records.

                    Subpart 196.12--Stability Letter

196.12-1  Posting.

                      Subpart 196.13--Station Bills

196.13-1  Muster lists, emergency signals, and manning.

              Subpart 196.15--Test, Drills, and Inspections

196.15-1  Application.
196.15-3  Steering gear, whistle, and means of communication.
196.15-5  Drafts.
196.15-7  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability 
          requirements.
196.15-10  Sanitation.
196.15-15  Examination of boilers and machinery.
196.15-18  Loading doors.
196.15-20  Hatches and other openings.
196.15-30  Emergency lighting and power systems.
196.15-35  Emergency training, musters, and drills.
196.15-55  Requirements for fuel oil.
196.15-60  Firefighting equipment, general.

               Subpart 196.19--Maneuvering Characteristics

196.19-1  Data required.

                        Subpart 196.20--Whistling

196.20-1  Unnecessary whistling prohibited.

                      Subpart 196.25--Searchlights

196.25-1  Improper use prohibited.

                        Subpart 196.27--Lookouts

196.27-1  Master's and officer's responsibility.

   Subpart 196.30--Reports of Accidents, Repairs, and Unsafe Equipment

196.30-1  Repairs to boilers and pressure vessels.
196.30-5  Accidents to machinery.
196.30-10  Notice required before repair.
196.30-20  Breaking of safety valve seal.

[[Page 370]]

            Subpart 196.33--Communication Between Deckhouses

196.33-1  When required.

                       Subpart 196.34--Work Vests

196.34-1  Application.
196.34-5  Approved types of work vests.
196.34-10  Use.
196.34-15  Shipboard stowage.
196.34-20  Shipboard inspections.
196.34-25  Additional requirements for hybrid work vests.

                     Subpart 196.35--Logbook Entries

196.35-1  Application.
196.35-3  Logbooks and records.
196.35-5  Actions required to be logged.

                    Subpart 196.36--Display of Plans

196.36-1  When required.

     Subpart 196.37--Markings for Fire and Emergency Equipment, etc.

196.37-1  Application.
196.37-3  General.
196.37-5  General alarm bell contact makers.
196.37-7  General alarm bells.
196.37-9  Carbon dioxide alarm.
196.37-10  Fire extinguishing system branch lines.
196.37-13  Fire extinguishing system controls.
196.37-15  Firehose stations.
196.37-20  Self-contained breathing apparatus and gas masks.
196.37-23  Hand portable fire extinguishers.
196.37-25  Emergency lights.
196.37-33  Instructions for changing steering gear.
196.37-35  Rudder orders.
196.37-37  Markings for lifesaving appliances, instructions to 
          passengers, and stowage locations.
196.37-47  Portable magazine chests.

                   Subpart 196.40--Markings on Vessels

196.40-1  Application.
196.40-5  Hull markings.
196.40-10  Draft marks and draft indicating systems.
196.40-15  Load line marks.

              Subpart 196.43--Placard of Lifesaving Signals

196.43-1  Application.
196.43-5  Availability.

                Subpart 196.45--Carrying of Excess Steam

196.45-1  Master and chief engineer responsible.

 Subpart 196.50--Compliance With Provisions of Certificate of Inspection

196.50-1  Master or person in charge responsible.

                  Subpart 196.53--Exhibition of License

196.53-1  Licensed officers.

                 Subpart 196.80--Explosive Handling Plan

196.80-1  Master's responsibility.

                    Subpart 196.85--Magazine Control

196.85-1  Magazine operation and control.

                Subpart 196.95--Pilot Boarding Operations

196.95-1  Pilot boarding operations.

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(j); 46 U.S.C. 2213, 3306, 5115, 6101; E.O. 
12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 
3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1158, Jan. 27, 1968, unless otherwise 
noted.



                       Subpart 196.01--Application



Sec. 196.01-1   General.

    (a) The provisions of this part shall apply to all vessels except as 
specifically noted in this part.



        Subpart 196.05--Notice to Mariners and Aids to Navigation



Sec. 196.05-1   Duty of officers.

    (a) Licensed deck officers are required to acquaint themselves with 
the latest information published by the Coast Guard and the U.S. Navy 
regarding aids to navigation. Neglect to do so is evidence of neglect of 
duty. It is desirable that all vessels have available in the pilothouse 
for convenient reference at all times a file of the applicable Notice to 
Mariners.
    (b) Weekly Notices to Mariners (Great Lakes Edition) as published by 
the Commander, 9th Coast Guard District, contains announcements and 
information on changes in aids to navigation and other marine 
information affecting the safety of navigation on the Great Lakes. These 
notices may be obtained free of charge, by making application to 
Commander, 9th Coast Guard District.
    (c) Weekly Notices to Mariners (worldwide coverage) are prepared

[[Page 371]]

jointly by the U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office, the U.S. Coast and 
Geodetic Survey and the U.S. Coast Guard. They include changes in aids 
to navigation in assembled form for the 1st, 3d, 5th, 7th, Greater 
Antilles Section, 8th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 17th Coast Guard 
Districts. Foreign marine information is also included in these notices. 
These notices are available without charge from the U.S. Naval 
Oceanographic Office, Washington, DC 20390, Branch Oceanographic 
Offices, U.S. Collector of Customs of the major seaports in the United 
States and are also on file in the U.S. Consulates where they may be 
inspected.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1158, Jan. 27, 1968, as amended by CGFR 68-32, 33 FR 
5729, Apr. 12, 1968]



Sec. 196.05-5   Charts and nautical publications.

    As appropriate for the intended voyage, all vessels except barges, 
and vessels operating exclusively on rivers, must carry adequate and up-
to-date--
    (a) Charts;
    (b) Sailing directions;
    (c) Coast pilots;
    (d) Light lists;
    (e) Notices to mariners;
    (f) Tide tables;
    (g) Current tables; and
    (h) All other nautical publications necessary. \1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ For United States vessels in or on the navigable waters of the 
United States, see 33 CFR 164.33.

[CGD 75-074, 42 FR 5965, Jan. 31, 1977]



   Subpart 196.07--Notice and Reporting of Casualty and Voyage Records



Sec. 196.07-1  Notice and reporting of casualty and voyage records.

    The requirements for providing notice and reporting of marine 
casualties and for retaining voyage records are contained in part 4 of 
this chapter.

[CGD 84-099, 52 FR 47536, Dec. 14, 1987]



                    Subpart 196.12--Stability Letter



Sec. 196.12-1  Posting.

    If a stability letter is issued in accordance with the requirements 
in Sec. 170.120 of this chapter, it must be posted under glass or other 
suitable transparent material in the pilothouse of the vessel.

[CGD 79-023, 48 FR 51053, Nov. 4, 1983]



                      Subpart 196.13--Station Bills



Sec. 196.13-1  Muster lists, emergency signals, and manning.

    The requirements for muster lists, emergency signals, and manning 
must be in accordance with subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and 
Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996]



              Subpart 196.15--Test, Drills, and Inspections



Sec. 196.15-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels.



Sec. 196.15-3   Steering gear, whistle, and means of communication.

    (a) On all vessels making a voyage of more than 48 hours duration, 
the entire steering gear, the whistle, and the means of communication 
between the bridge or pilothouse and engineroom shall be examined and 
tested by an officer of the vessel within a period of not more than 12 
hours prior to departure. On all other vessels similar examinations and 
tests shall be made at least once in every week.
    (b) The date of the test and the condition of the equipment shall be 
noted in the official logbook.



Sec. 196.15-5   Drafts.

    (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great 
Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and aft, in 
the official logbook when leaving port.
    (b) On vessels subject to the requirements of Subchapter E (Load 
Lines) of this chapter at the time of departure from port on an ocean, 
coastwise, or

[[Page 372]]

Great Lakes voyage, the master shall insert in the official logbook a 
statement of the position of the loadline mark, port, and starboard, in 
relation to the surface of the water in which the vessel is then 
floating.
    (1) When an allowance for draft is made for density of the water in 
which the vessel is floating, this density is to be noted in the 
official logbook.



Sec. 196.15-7  Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability requirements.

    (a) After loading and prior to departure and at all other times 
necessary to assure the safety of the vessel, the master shall determine 
that the vessel complies with all applicable stability requirements in 
the vessel's trim and stability book, stability letter, Certificate of 
Inspection, and Load Line Certificate, as the case may be, and then 
enter an attestation statement of the verification in the log book. The 
vessel may not depart until it is in compliance with these requirements.
    (b) When determining compliance with applicable stability 
requirements the vessel's draft, trim, and stability must be determined 
as necessary and any stability calculations made in support of the 
determination must be retained on board the vessel for the duration of 
the voyage.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41828, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 196.15-10   Sanitation.

    (a) It shall be the duty of the master and chief engineer to see 
that the vessel, and, in particular, the quarters are in a clean and 
sanitary condition. The chief engineer shall be responsible only for the 
sanitary condition of the engineering department.



Sec. 196.15-15   Examination of boilers and machinery.

    (a) It shall be the duty of the chief engineer when he assumes 
charge of the boilers and machinery of a vessel to examine them 
thoroughly. If any parts thereof are in unsatisfactory condition, or if 
the safety-valve seals are broken, the fact shall immediately be 
reported to the master, owner, or agent, and the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection.



Sec. 196.15-18  Loading doors.

    (a) The master of a vessel fitted with loading doors shall assure 
that all loading doors are closed watertight and secured during the 
entire voyage except that--
    (1) If a door cannot be opened or closed while the vessel is at a 
dock, it may be open while the vessel approaches and draws away from the 
dock, but only as far as necessary to enable the door to be immediately 
operated.
    (2) If needed to operate the vessel, or embark and disembark 
passengers when the vessel is at anchor in protected waters, loading 
doors may be open provided that the master determines that the safety of 
the vessel is not impaired.
    (b) For the purposes of this section, ``loading doors'' include all 
weathertight ramps, bow visors, and openings used to load personnel, 
equipment, cargo, and stores, in the collision bulkhead, the side shell, 
and the boundaries of enclosed superstructures that are continuous with 
the shell of the vessel.
    (c) The master shall enter into the log book the time and door 
location of every closing of the loading doors.
    (d) The master shall enter into the log book any opening of the 
doors in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section setting forth 
the time of the opening of the doors and the circumstances warranting 
this action.

[CGD 89-037, 57 FR 41828, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 196.15-20   Hatches and other openings.

    (a) It shall be the responsibility of the master to assure himself 
that all exposed hatches and other openings in the hull of his vessel 
are closed, made properly watertight by the use of tarpaulins, gaskets 
or similar devices, and in all respects properly secured for sea before 
leaving protected waters.
    (b) The openings to which this section applies are as follows:
    (1) Exposed hatches.
    (2) Gangway and other ports fitted below the freeboard deck.
    (3) Port lights that are not accessible during navigation, including 
the dead lights for such port lights.

[[Page 373]]

    (c) The master at his discretion may permit hatches or other 
openings to remain uncovered or open, or to be uncovered or opened for 
reasonable purposes such as ship's maintenance while the vessel is being 
navigated: Provided, That in his opinion existing conditions warrant 
such action.
    (d) In the event the master employs the discretionary provisions of 
this section after leaving port he shall cause appropriate entries to be 
made in the official log or equivalent thereof setting forth the time of 
uncovering, opening, closing or covering of the hatches or other 
openings to which this section applies and the circumstances warranting 
the action taken.
    (e) The discretionary provisions of this section shall not relieve 
the master of his responsibility for the safety of his vessel, equipment 
or persons on board.



Sec. 196.15-30   Emergency lighting and power systems.

    (a) Where fitted, it shall be the duty of the master to see that the 
emergency lighting and power systems are operated and inspected at least 
once in each week that the vessel is navigated to be assured that the 
system is in proper operating condition.
    (b) Internal combustion engine driven emergency generators shall be 
operated under load for at least 2 hours, at least once in each month 
that the vessel is navigated.
    (c) Storage batteries for emergency lighting and power systems shall 
be tested at least once in each 6-month period that the vessel is 
navigated to demonstrate the ability of the storage battery to supply 
the emergency loads for the specified period of time.
    (d) The date of the tests and the condition and performance of the 
apparatus shall be noted in the official logbook.



Sec. 196.15-35  Emergency training, musters, and drills.

    Onboard training, musters, and drills must be in accordance with 
subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 196.15-55   Requirements for fuel oil.

    (a) It shall be the duty of the chief engineer to cause an entry in 
the log to be made of each supply of fuel oil received on board, stating 
the quantity received, the name of the vendor, the name of the oil 
producer, and the flashpoint (closed cup test) for which it is certified 
by the producer.
    (b) It shall be the further duty of the chief engineer to cause to 
be drawn and sealed and suitably labeled at the time the supply is 
received on board, a half-pint sample of each lot of fuel oil. These 
samples shall be preserved until the particular supply of oil is 
exhausted.



Sec. 196.15-60   Firefighting equipment, general.

    (a) It shall be the duty of the owner, master, or person in charge 
to see that the vessel's firefighting equipment is at all times ready 
for use and that all such equipment required by the regulations in this 
subchapter is provided, maintained, and replaced as indicated.
    (b) It shall be the duty of the owner, master, or person in charge 
to require and have performed at least once in every 12 months the tests 
and inspections of all hand portable fire extinguishers, semiportable 
fire extinguishing systems, and fixed fire extinguishing systems on 
board as described in Tables 189.25-20(a)(1) and 189.25-20(a)(2) in 
Sec. 189.25-20(a) of this subchapter. The owner, master, or person in 
charge shall keep records of such tests and inspections showing the 
dates when performed, the number and/or other identification of each 
unit tested and inspected, and the name(s) of the person(s) and/or 
company conducting the tests and inspections. Such records shall be made 
available to the marine inspector upon request and shall be kept for the 
period of validity of the vessel's current certificate of inspection. 
Where practicable these records should be kept in or with the vessel's 
logbook. The conduct of these tests and inspections does not relieve the 
owner, master, or person in charge of his responsibility to maintain 
this firefighting equipment in proper condition at all times.

[[Page 374]]



               Subpart 196.19--Maneuvering Characteristics



Sec. 196.19-1   Data required.

    For each ocean and coastwise vessel of 1,600 gross tons or over, the 
following apply:
    (a) The following maneuvering information must be prominently 
displayed in the pilothouse on a fact sheet:
    (1) For full and half speed, a turning circle diagram to port and 
starboard that shows the time and the distance of advance and transfer 
required to alter the course 90 degrees with maximum rudder angle and 
constant power settings.
    (2) The time and distance to stop the vessel from full and half 
speed while maintaining approximately the initial heading with minimum 
application of rudder.
    (3) For each vessel with a fixed propeller, a table of shaft 
revolutions per minute for a representative range of speeds.
    (4) For each vessel with a controlable pitch propeller a table of 
control settings for a representative range of speeds.
    (5) For each vessel that is fitted with an auxiliary device to 
assist in maneuvering, such as a bow thruster, a table of vessel speeds 
at which the auxiliary device is effective in maneuvering the vessel.
    (b) The maneuvering information must be provided in the normal load 
and normal light condition with normal trim for a particular condition 
of loading assuming the following--
    (1) Calm weather--wind 10 knots or less, calm sea;
    (2) No current;
    (3) Deep water conditions--water depth twice the vessel's draft or 
greater; and
    (4) Clean hull.
    (c) At the bottom of the fact sheet, the following statement must 
appear:

                                 Warning

The response of the (name of the vessel) may be different from those 
listed above if any of the following conditions, upon which the 
maneuvering information is based, are varied:
    (1) Calm weather--wind 10 knots or less, calm sea;
    (2) No current;
    (3) Water depth twice the vessel's draft or greater.
    (4) Clean hull; and
    (5) Intermediate drafts or unusual trim.

    (d) The information on the fact sheet must be:
    (1) Verified six months after the vessel is placed in service; or
    (2) Modified six months after the vessel is placed into service and 
verified within three months thereafter.
    (e) The information that appears on the fact sheet may be obtained 
from:
    (1) Trial trip observations;
    (2) Model tests;
    (3) Analytical calculations;
    (4) Simulations;
    (5) Information established from another vessel of similar hull 
form, power, rudder and propeller; or
    (6) Any combination of the above.

The accuracy of the information in the fact sheet required is that 
attainable by ordinary shipboard navigation equipment.
    (f) The requirements for information for fact sheets for specialized 
craft such as semi-submersibles, hydrofoils, hovercraft and other 
vessels of unusual design will be specified on a case by case basis.

[CGD 73-78, 40 FR 2689, Jan. 15, 1975]



                        Subpart 196.20--Whistling



Sec. 196.20-1   Unnecessary whistling prohibited.

    (a) The unnecessary sounding of the vessel's whistle is prohibited 
within any harbor limits of the United States.



                      Subpart 196.25--Searchlights



Sec. 196.25-1   Improper use prohibited.

    (a) No person shall flash or cause to be flashed the rays of a 
searchlight or other blinding light onto the bridge or into the 
pilothouse of any vessel underway.



                        Subpart 196.27--Lookouts



Sec. 196.27-1   Master's and officer's responsibility.

    (a) Nothing in this part shall exonerate any master or officer in 
command from the consequences of any neglect to keep a proper lookout or 
the neglect

[[Page 375]]

of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of 
seamen or by the special circumstances of the case.



   Subpart 196.30--Reports of Accidents, Repairs, and Unsafe Equipment



Sec. 196.30-1   Repairs to boilers and pressure vessels.

    (a) Before making any repairs to boilers or unfired pressure 
vessels, the Chief Engineer shall submit a report covering the nature of 
the repairs to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, at or nearest 
to the U.S. port where the repairs are to be made.



Sec. 196.30-5   Accidents to machinery.

    (a) In the event of an accident to a boiler, unfired pressure 
vessel, or machinery tending to render the further use of the item 
unsafe until repairs are made, or if by ordinary wear such items become 
unsafe, a report shall be made by the Chief Engineer immediately to the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, or if at sea, immediately upon 
arrival at port.



Sec. 196.30-10   Notice required before repair.

    (a) No repairs or alterations, except in an emergency, shall be made 
to any lifesaving or fire detecting or extinguishing equipment without 
advance notice to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. When 
emergency repairs or alterations have been made, notice shall be given 
to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, as soon as practicable.



Sec. 196.30-20   Breaking of safety valve seal.

    (a) If at any time it is necessary to break the seal on a safety 
valve for any purpose, the Chief Engineer shall advise the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, at the next port of call, giving the reason 
for breaking the seal and requesting that the valve be examined and 
adjusted by an inspector.



            Subpart 196.33--Communication Between Deckhouses



Sec. 196.33-1  When required.

    On all vessels navigating in other than protected waters, where the 
distance between deckhouses is more than 46 meters (150 feet) a fixed 
means of facilitating communication between both ends of the vessel, 
such as a raised fore and aft bridge or side tunnels, must be provided. 
Previously approved arrangements may be retained so long as they are 
maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection.

[CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26013, May 23, 1996]



                       Subpart 196.34--Work Vests



Sec. 196.34-1   Application.

    (a) Provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels.



Sec. 196.34-5  Approved types of work vests.

    (a) Each buoyant work vest carried under the permissive authority of 
this section must be approved under--
    (1) Subpart 160.053 of this chapter; or
    (2) Subpart 160.077 of this chapter as a commercial hybrid PFD.

[CGD 78-174A, 51 FR 4352, Feb. 4, 1986]



Sec. 196.34-10   Use.

    (a) Approved buoyant work vests are considered to be items of safety 
apparel and may be carried aboard vessels to be worn by crew members 
when working near or over the water under favorable working conditions. 
They shall be used under the supervision and control of designated 
ship's officers. When carried, such vests shall not be accepted in lieu 
of any portion of the required number of approved life preservers and 
shall not be substituted for the approved life preservers required to be 
worn during drills and emergencies.



Sec. 196.34-15   Shipboard stowage.

    (a) The approved buoyant work vests shall be stowed separately from 
the regular stowage of approved life preservers.

[[Page 376]]

    (b) The locations for the stowage of work vests shall be such as not 
to be easily confused with that for approved life preservers.



Sec. 196.34-20   Shipboard inspections.

    (a) Each work vest shall be subject to examination by a marine 
inspector to determine its serviceability. If found to be satisfactory, 
it may be continued in service, but shall not be stamped by a marine 
inspector with a Coast Guard stamp. If a work vest is found not to be in 
a serviceable condition, then such work vest shall be removed from the 
vessel. If a work vest is beyond repair, it shall be destroyed or 
mutilated in the presence of a marine inspector so as to prevent its 
continued use as a work vest.



Sec. 196.34-25  Additional requirements for hybrid work vests.

    (a) In addition to the other requirements in this subpart, 
commercial hybrid PFD's must be--
    (1) Used, stowed, and maintained in accordance with the procedures 
set out in the manual required for these devices by Sec. 160.077-29 of 
this chapter and any limitations(s) marked on them; and
    (2) Of the same or similar design and have the same method of 
operation as each other hybrid PFD carried on board.

[CGD 78-174A, 51 FR 4352, Feb. 4, 1986]



                     Subpart 196.35--Logbook Entries



Sec. 196.35-1   Application.

    (a) Except as specifically noted, the provisions of this subpart 
shall apply to all manned vessels.



Sec. 196.35-3  Logbooks and records.

    (a) The master or person in charge of an oceanographic research 
vessel that is required by 46 U.S.C. 11301 to have an official logbook 
may maintain the logbook on form CG-706 or in the owner's format for an 
official logbook. Such logs must be kept available for a review for a 
period of 1 year after the date to which the records refer, or for the 
period of validity of the vessel's current certificate of inspection, 
whichever is longer. When the voyage is completed, the master or person 
in charge shall file the logbook with the Officer in Charge, Marine 
Inspection.
    (b) The master or person in charge of a vessel that is not required 
by 46 U.S.C. 11301 to have a official logbook, shall maintain, on 
aboard, an unofficial logbook or record in any form desired for the 
purposes of making entries therein as required by law or regulations in 
this subchapter. Such logs or records are not filed with the Officer in 
Charge, Marine Inspection, but must be kept available for review by a 
marine inspector for a period of 1 year after the date to which the 
records refer. Separate records of tests and inspections of fire 
fighting equipment must be maintained with the vessel's logs for the 
period of validity of the vessel's certificate of inspection.

[CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26013, May 23, 1996]



Sec. 196.35-5   Actions required to be logged.

    The actions and observations noted in this section shall be entered 
in the official logbook. This section contains no requirements which are 
not made in other portions of this subchapter, the items being merely 
grouped together for convenience.
    (a) Onboard training, musters, and drills: held in accordance with 
subchapter W (Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.
    (b) Steering gear, whistle, and means of communication. Prior to 
departure. See Sec. 196.15-3.
    (c) Drafts and load line marks. Prior to leaving port, ocean, 
coastwise, and Great Lakes service only. See Sec. 196.15-5.
    (d) Verification of vessel compliance with applicable stability 
requirements. After loading and prior to departure and at all other 
times necessary to assure the safety of the vessel. See Sec. 196.15-7.
    (e) Loading doors. Where applicable, every closing and any opening 
when not docked. See Sec. 196.15-18.
    (f) Emergency lighting and power systems. Weekly and semiannually. 
See Sec. 196.15-30.
    (g) Fuel oil data: Upon receipt of fuel oil on board. See 
Sec. 196.15-55.
    (h) Hatches and other openings. All openings and closings required 
by Sec. 196.15-20.

[[Page 377]]

    (i) Magazines and magazine chests. Maximum and minimum temperatures 
as required by Sec. 196.85-1(b).
    (j) Portable vans, prior to departure. See Sec. 195.11-25(e) of this 
subchapter.
    (k) Weight handling gear, prior to departure. See Sec. 189.35-13(b) 
of this subchapter.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1158, Jan. 27, 1988, as amended by CGD 89-037, 57 FR 
41828, Sept. 11, 1992; CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996]



                    Subpart 196.36--Display of Plans



Sec. 196.36-1   When required.

    (a) All manned vessels shall have permanently exhibited for the 
guidance of the officer in charge of the vessel, general arrangement 
plans showing for each deck the various fire retardant bulkheads 
together with particulars of the fire-detecting, manual alarm and fire 
extinguishing systems, fire doors, means of ingress to the different 
compartments, the ventilating systems including the positions of the 
dampers, the location of the remote means of stopping the fans, and the 
identification of the fans serving each section.



     Subpart 196.37--Markings for Fire and Emergency Equipment, etc.



Sec. 196.37-1   Application.

    (a) It is the intent of this subpart to shall apply to all vessels.



Sec. 196.37-3   General.

    (a) It is the intent of this subpart to provide such markings as are 
necessary for the guidance of the persons on board in case of an 
emergency. In any specific case, and particularly on small vessels, 
where it can be shown to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, 
Marine Inspection, that the prescribed markings are unnecessary for the 
guidance of the persons on board in case of emergency, such markings may 
be modified or omitted.
    (b) In addition to English, notices, directional signs, etc., shall 
be printed in languages appropriate to the service of the vessel.
    (c) Where in this subpart red letters are specified, letters of a 
contrasting color on a red background will be accepted.



Sec. 196.37-5  General alarm bell contact makers.

    (a) Each general alarm contact maker must be marked in accordance 
with requirements in Subpchapter J (Electrical Engineering Regulations) 
of this chapter.

[CGD 74-125a, 47 FR 15279, Apr. 8, 1982]

    Cross Reference: See also Sec. 113.25-20 of Subchapter J (Electrical 
Engineering) of this chapter.



Sec. 196.37-7   General alarm bells.

    (a) All general alarm bells shall be identified by red lettering at 
least \1/2\ inch high: ``GENERAL ALARM--WHEN BELL RINGS GO TO YOUR 
STATION.''



Sec. 196.37-9   Carbon dioxide alarm.

    (a) All carbon dioxide alarms shall be conspicuously identified: 
``WHEN ALARM SOUNDS--VACATE AT ONCE. CARBON DIOXIDE BEING RELEASED.''



Sec. 196.37-10   Fire extinguishing system branch lines.

    (a) The branch line valves of all fire extinguishing systems shall 
be plainly and permanently marked indicating the spaces served.



Sec. 196.37-13   Fire extinguishing system controls.

    (a) The control cabinets or spaces containing valves or manifolds 
for the various fire extinguishing systems shall be distinctly marked in 
conspicuous red letters at least 2 inches high: ``CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE 
APPARATUS,'' or ``FOAM FIRE APPARATUS,'' etc., as the case may be.



Sec. 196.37-15   Firehose stations.

    (a) Each fire hydrant shall be identified in red letters and figures 
at least 2 inches high ``FIRE STATION NO. 1'', ``2'', ``3'', etc. Where 
the hose is not stowed in the open or behind glass so as to be readily 
seen, this identification shall be so placed as to be readily seen from 
a distance.



Sec. 196.37-20   Self-contained breathing apparatus and gas masks.

    (a) Lockers or spaces containing self-contained breathing apparatus 
shall be

[[Page 378]]

marked ``SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS''.



Sec. 196.37-23   Hand portable fire extinguishers.

    (a) Each hand portable fire extinguisher shall be marked with a 
number and the location where stowed shall be marked with a 
corresponding number at least \1/2\ inch high. Where only one type and 
size of hand portable fire extinguisher is carried, the numbering may be 
omitted.



Sec. 196.37-25   Emergency lights.

    (a) All emergency lights shall be marked with a letter ``E'' at 
least \1/2\ inch high.



Sec. 196.37-33   Instructions for changing steering gear.

    (a) Instructions in at least \1/2\ inch letters and figures shall be 
posted in the steering engineroom, relating in order, the different 
steps to be taken in changing to the emergency steering gear. Each 
clutch, gear, wheel, lever, valve, or switch which is used during the 
changeover shall be numbered or lettered on a metal plate or painted so 
that the markings can be recognized at a reasonable distance. The 
instructions shall indicate each clutch or pin to be ``in'' or ``out'' 
and each valve or switch which is to be ``opened'' or ``closed'' in 
shifting to any means of steering for which the vessel is equipped. 
Instructions shall be included to line up all steering wheels and rudder 
amidship before changing gears.



Sec. 196.37-35   Rudder orders.

    (a) At all steering stations, there shall be installed a suitable 
notice on the wheel or device or in such other position as to be 
directly in the helmsman's line of vision, to indicate the direction in 
which the wheel or device must be turned for ``right rudder'' and for 
``left rudder''.



Sec. 196.37-37  Markings for lifesaving appliances, instructions to passengers, and stowage locations.

    Lifesaving appliances, instructions to passengers, and stowage 
locations must be marked in accordance with subchapter W (Lifesaving 
Appliances and Arrangements) of this chapter.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996]



Sec. 196.37-47   Portable magazine chests.

    (a) Portable magazine chests shall be marked in letters at least 3 
inches high:

                         PORTABLE MAGAZINE CHEST

                             -- FLAMMABLE --

                       KEEP LIGHTS AND FIRE AWAY.



                   Subpart 196.40--Markings on Vessels



Sec. 196.40-1   Application.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart shall apply to all vessels except 
as specifically noted.



Sec. 196.40-5   Hull markings.

    Vessels shall be marked as required by parts 67 and 69 of this 
chapter.

[CGD 72-104R, 37 FR 14233, July 18, 1972; 37 FR 18537, Sept. 13, 1972]



Sec. 196.40-10  Draft marks and draft indicating systems.

    (a) All vessels must have draft marks plainly and legibly visible 
upon the stem and upon the sternpost or rudderpost or at any place at 
the stern of the vessel as may be necessary for easy observance. The 
bottom of each mark must indicate the draft.
    (b) The draft must be taken from the bottom of the keel to the 
surface of the water at the location of the marks.
    (c) In cases where the keel does not extend forward or aft to the 
location of the draft marks, due to raked stem, or cutaway skeg, the 
datum line from which the draft shall be taken shall be obtained by 
projecting the line of the bottom of keel forward, or aft, as the case 
may be, to the location of the draft marks.
    (d) In cases where a vessel may have a skeg or other appendage 
extending locally below the line of the keel, the draft at the end of 
the vessel adjacent to such appendage shall be measured to a line 
tangent to the lowest part of such appendage and parallel to the line of 
the bottom of the keel.

[[Page 379]]

    (e) Draft marks must be separated so that the projections of the 
marks onto a vertical plane are of uniform height equal to the vertical 
spacing between consecutive marks.
    (f) Draft marks must be painted in contrasting color to the hull.
    (g) In cases where draft marks are obscured due to operational 
constraints or by protrusions, the vessel must be fitted with a reliable 
draft indicating system from which the bow and stern drafts can be 
determined.

[CGFR 67-83, 33 FR 1158, Jan. 27, 1988, as amended by CGD 89-037, 57 FR 
41828, Sept. 11, 1992]



Sec. 196.40-15   Load line marks.

    (a) Vessels assigned a load line shall have the deck line and the 
load line marks permanently marked or embossed as required by Subchapter 
E (Load Lines) of this chapter.



              Subpart 196.43--Placard of Lifesaving Signals

    Source: CGD 95-027, 61 FR 26013, May 23, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 196.43-1  Application.

    The provisions of this subpart apply to all vessels on an 
international voyage, and all other vessels of 150 gross tons or over in 
ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes service.



Sec. 196.43-5  Availability.

    On all vessels to which this subpart applies there must be readily 
available to the deck officer of the watch a placard containing 
instructions for the use of the lifesaving signals set forth in 
regulation 16, chapter V, of the International Convention for Safety of 
Life at Sea, 1974. These signals must be used by vessels or persons in 
distress when communicating with lifesaving stations and maritime rescue 
units.



                Subpart 196.45--Carrying of Excess Steam



Sec. 196.45-1   Master and chief engineer responsible.

    (a) It shall be the duty of the master and the engineer in charge of 
the boilers of any vessel to require that a steam pressure is not 
carried in excess of that allowed by the certificate of inspection and 
to require that the safety valves, once set and sealed by the inspector, 
are in no way tampered with or made inoperative except as provided in 
Sec. 196.30-20.



 Subpart 196.50--Compliance With Provisions of Certificate of Inspection



Sec. 196.50-1   Master or person in charge responsible.

    (a) It shall be the duty of the master or other person in charge of 
the vessel to see that all of the provisions of the certificate of 
inspection are strictly adhered to. Nothing in this subpart shall be 
construed as limiting the master or other person in charge of the 
vessel, at his own responsibility, from diverting from the route 
prescribed in the certificate of inspection or taking such other steps 
as he deems necessary and prudent to assist vessels in distress or for 
other similar emergencies.



                  Subpart 196.53--Exhibition of License



Sec. 196.53-1   Licensed officers.

    (a) All licensed officers on a vessel shall have their licenses 
conspicuously displayed as required by R.S. 4446 (46 U.S.C. 232).



                 Subpart 196.80--Explosive Handling Plan



Sec. 196.80-1   Master's responsibility.

    (a) It shall be the responsibility of the master to have prepared, 
signed, and prominently posted in conspicuous locations, operating 
procedures, plans, and safety precautions for all operations involving 
the use of explosives.
    (b) The operating procedures referred to in paragraph (a) of this 
section shall include and set forth the special duties and stations of 
appropriate qualified persons for various operations involving the use 
of explosives. Assignment of such persons shall be commensurate with 
their experience and training.
    (c) A copy of the operating procedures, plans and safety precautions 
required by paragraph (a) of this section

[[Page 380]]

and all subsequent changes or revisions shall be forwarded to the 
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, issuing the certificate of 
inspection for review.



                    Subpart 196.85--Magazine Control



Sec. 196.85-1   Magazine operation and control.

    (a) Keys to magazine spaces and magazine chests shall be kept in the 
sole control or custody of the Master or one delegated qualified person 
at all times. Test fittings for magazine sprinkler systems shall be kept 
in a locked cabinet under the custody of the Master.
    (b) Whenever explosives are stored in magazines and magazine chests 
they shall be inspected daily. Magazine inspection results and 
corrective action, when taken, shall be noted in the ship's log daily. 
Maximum and minimum temperatures for the previous 24-hour period shall 
be recorded in the ship's log along with general magazine condition and 
corrective action taken when necessary.
    (c) The magazine sprinkler controls shall be tested monthly. Test 
results and all corrective actions taken shall be recorded in the ship's 
log.
    (d) The Master shall limit access to the magazines, or the contents 
thereof, to persons who can document 3 months on board ship training in 
the use of explosives. This shall not be construed as prohibiting access 
to the Master or others designated by the Master.



                Subpart 196.95--Pilot Boarding Operations



Sec. 196.95-1  Pilot boarding operations.

    (a) The master shall ensure that pilot boarding equipment is 
maintained as follows:
    (1) The equipment must be kept clean and in good working order.
    (2) Each damaged step or spreader step on a pilot ladder must be 
replaced in kind with an approved replacement step or spreader step, 
prior to further use of the ladder. The replacement step or spreader 
step must be secured by the method used in the original construction of 
the ladder, and in accordance with manufacturer instructions.
    (b) The master shall ensure compliance with the following during 
pilot boarding operations:
    (1) Only approved pilot boarding equipment may be used.
    (2) The pilot boarding equipment must rest firmly against the hull 
of the vessel and be clear of overboard discharges.
    (3) Two man ropes, a safety line and an approved lifebuoy with an 
approved water light must be at the point of access and be immediately 
available for use during boarding operations.
    (4) Rigging of the equipment and embarkation/debarkation of a pilot 
must be supervised in person by a deck officer.
    (5) Both the equipment over the side and the point of access must be 
adequately lit during the night operations.
    (6) If a pilot hoist is used, a pilot ladder must be kept on deck 
adjacent to the hoist and available for immediate use.

[CGD 79-032, 49 FR 25455, June 21, 1984]

[[Page 381]]



      SUBCHAPTER V--MARINE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS





PART 197--GENERAL PROVISIONS--Table of Contents




                          Subpart A--[Reserved]

                 Subpart B--Commercial Diving Operations

                                 general

Sec.
197.200  Purpose of subpart.
197.202  Applicability.
197.203  Right of appeal.
197.204  Definitions.
197.205  Availability of standards.
197.206  Substitutes for required equipment, materials, apparatus, 
          arrangements, procedures, or tests.
197.208  Designation of person-in-charge.
197.210  Designation of diving supervisor.

                                equipment

197.300  Applicability.
197.310  Air compressor system.
197.312  Breathing supply hoses.
197.314  First aid and treatment equipment.
197.318  Gages and timekeeping devices.
197.320  Diving ladder and stage.
197.322  Surface-supplied helmets and masks.
197.324  Diver's safety harness.
197.326  Oxygen safety.
197.328  PVHO--General.
197.330  PVHO--Closed bells.
197.332  PVHO--Decompression chambers.
197.334  Open diving bells.
197.336  Pressure piping.
197.338  Compressed gas cylinders.
197.340  Breathing gas supply.
197.342  Buoyancy-changing devices.
197.344  Inflatable flotation devices.
197.346  Diver's equipment.

                               operations

197.400  Applicability.
197.402  Responsibilities of the person-in-charge.
197.404  Responsibilities of the diving supervisor.
197.410  Dive procedures.
197.420  Operations manual.

                     specific diving mode procedures

197.430  SCUBA diving.
197.432  Surface-supplied air diving.
197.434  Surface-supplied mixed gas diving.
197.436  Liveboating.

           periodic tests and inspections of diving equipment

197.450  Breathing gas tests.
197.452  Oxygen cleaning.
197.454  First aid and treatment equipment.
197.456  Breathing supply hoses.
197.458  Gages and timekeeping devices.
197.460  Diving equipment.
197.462  Pressure vessels and pressure piping.

                                 records

197.480  Logbooks.
197.482  Logbook entries.
197.484  Notice of casualty.
197.486  Written report of casualty.
197.488  Retention of records after casualty.

                           Subpart C--Benzene

197.501  Applicability.
197.505  Definitions.
197.510  Incorporation by reference.
197.515  Permissible exposure limits (PELs).
197.520  Performance standard.
197.525  Responsibility of the person in charge.
197.530  Persons other than employees.
197.535  Regulated areas.
197.540  Determination of personal exposure.
197.545  Program to reduce personal exposure.
197.550  Respiratory protection.
197.555  Personal protective clothing and equipment.
197.560  Medical surveillance.
197.565  Notifying personnel of benzene hazards.
197.570  Recordkeeping.
197.575  Observation of monitoring.
197.580  Appendices.

Appendix A to Subpart C--Sample Substance Safety Data Sheet, Benzene
Appendix B to Subpart C--Substance Technical Guidelines, Benzene
Appendix C to Subpart C--Medical Surveillance Guidelines for Benzene
Appendix D to Subart C--Sampling and Analytical Methods for Benzene 
          Monitoring--Measurement Procedures
Appendix E to Subpart C--Respirator Fit Tests
Appendix F to Subpart C--Sample Worker Certification Form

Appendix A to Part 197--Air No-Decompression Limits

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1509; 43 U.S.C. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 3306, 3703, 
6101; 49 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 76-009, 43 FR 53683, Nov. 16, 1978, unless otherwise 
noted.

[[Page 382]]



                          Subpart A--[Reserved]



                 Subpart B--Commerical Diving Operations

                                 general



Sec. 197.200  Purpose of subpart.

    This subpart prescribes rules for the design, construction, and use 
of equipment, and inspection, operation, and safety and health standards 
for commercial diving operations taking place from vessels and 
facilities under Coast Guard jurisdiction.



Sec. 197.202  Applicability.

    (a) This subpart applies to commercial diving operations taking 
place at any deepwater port or the safety zone thereof as defined in 33 
CFR part 150; from any artificial island, installation, or other device 
on the Outer Continental Shelf and the waters adjacent thereto as 
defined in 33 CFR part 147 or otherwise related to activities on the 
Outer Continental Shelf; and from all vessels required to have a 
certificate of inspection issued by the Coast Guard including mobile 
offshore drilling units regardless of their geographic location, or from 
any vessel connected with a deepwater port or within the deepwater port 
safety zone, or from any vessel engaged in activities related to the 
Outer Continental Shelf; except that this subpart does not apply to any 
diving operation--
    (1) Performed solely for marine scientific research and development 
purposes by educational institutions;
    (2) Performed solely for research and development for the 
advancement of diving equipment and technology; or
    (3) Performed solely for search and rescue or related public safety 
purposes by or under the control of a governmental agency.
    (b) Diving operations may deviate from the requirements of this 
subpart to the extent necessary to prevent or minimize a situation which 
is likely to cause death, injury, or major environmental damage. The 
circumstances leading to the situation, the deviations made, and the 
corrective action taken, if appropriate, to reduce the possibility of 
recurrence shall be recorded by the diving supervisor in the logbook as 
required by Sec. 197.482(c).



Sec. 197.203  Right of appeal.

    Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under 
this subchapter, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal 
therefrom in accordance with subpart 1.03 of this chapter.

[CGD 88-033, 54 FR 50382, Dec. 6, 1989]



Sec. 197.204  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart:
    ACFM means actual cubic feet per minute.
     ANSI Code1 means the B31.1 American National Standards Institute 
``Code for Pressure Piping, Power Piping.''
     ASME Code means the American Society of Mechanical Engineers 
``Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.''
     ASME PVHO-1 means the ANSI/ASME standard ``Safety Standard for 
Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy.''
     ATA means a measure of pressure expressed in terms of atmosphere 
absolute (includes barometric pressure).
     Bell means a compartment either at ambient pressure (open bell) or 
pressurized (closed bell) that allows the diver to be transported to and 
from the underwater work site, allows the diver access to the 
surrounding environment, and is capable of being used as a refuge during 
diving operations.
     Bottom time means the total elapsed time measured in minutes from 
the time the diver leaves the surface in descent to the time to the next 
whole minute that the diver begins ascent.
     Breathing gas/breathing mixture means the mixed-gas, oxygen, or air 
as appropriate supplied to the diver for breathing.
     Bursting pressure means the pressure at which a pressure 
containment device would fail structurally.
     Commercial diver means a diver engaged in underwater work for hire 
excluding sport and recreational diving and the instruction thereof.
     Commercial diving operation means all activities in support of a 
commercial diver.
     Cylinder means a pressure vessel for the storage of gases under 
pressure.

[[Page 383]]

     Decompression chamber means a pressure vessel for human occupancy 
such as a surface decompression chamber, closed bell, or deep diving 
system especially equipped to recompress, decompress, and treat divers.
     Decompression sickness means a condition caused by the formation of 
gas or gas bubbles in the blood or body tissue as a result of pressure 
reduction.
     Decompression table means a profile or set of profiles of ascent 
rates and breathing mixtures designed to reduce the pressure on a diver 
safely to atmospheric pressure after the diver has been exposed to a 
specific depth and bottom time.
     Depth means the maximum pressure expressed in feet of seawater 
attained by a diver and is used to express the depth of a dive.
     Dive location means that portion of a vessel or facility from which 
a diving operation is conducted.
     Dive team means the divers and diver support personnel involved in 
a diving operation, including the diving supervisor.
     Diver means a person working beneath the surface, exposed to 
hyperbaric conditions, and using underwater breathing apparatus.
     Diver-carried reserve breathing gas means a supply of air or mixed-
gas, as appropriate, carried by the diver in addition to the primary or 
secondary breathing gas supplied to the diver.
     Diving installation means all of the equipment used in support of a 
commercial diving operation.
     Diving mode means a type of diving requiring SCUBA, surface-
supplied air, or surface-supplied mixed-gas equipment, with related 
procedures and techniques.
     Diving stage means a suspended platform constructed to carry one or 
more divers and used for putting divers into the water and bringing them 
to the surface when in-water decompression or a heavy-weight diving 
outfit is used.
     Diving supervisor means the person having complete responsibility 
for the safety of a commercial diving operation including the 
responsibility for the safety and health of all diving personnel in 
accordance with this subpart.
     Facility means a deepwater port, or an artificial island, 
installation, or other device on the Outer Continential Shelf subject to 
Coast Guard jurisdiction.
     Fsw means feet of seawater (or equivalent static pressure head).
     Gas embolism means a condition caused by expanding gases, which 
have been taken into and retained in the lungs while breathing under 
pressure, being forced into the bloodstream or other tissues during 
ascent or decompression.
     Heavy-weight diving outfit means diver-worn surface-supplied deep-
sea dress.
     Hyperbaric conditions means pressure conditions in excess of 
surface atmospheric pressure.
     Injurious corrosion means an advanced state of corrosion which may 
impair the structural integrity or safe operation of the equipment.
     Liveboating means the support of a surfaced-supplied diver from a 
vessel underway.
     Maximum working pressure means the maximum pressure to which a 
pressure containment device can be exposed under operating conditions 
(usually the pressure setting of the pressure relief device).
     No-decompression limits means the air depth and bottom time limits 
of appendix A.
     Pressure vessel means a container capable of withstanding an 
internal maximum working pressure over 15 psig.
     Psi(g) means pounds per square inch (gage).
     PVHO means pressure vessel for human occupancy but does not include 
pressure vessels for human occupancy that may be subjected to external 
pressures in excess of 15 psig but can only be subjected to maximum 
internal pressures of 15 psig or less (i.e., submersibles, or one 
atmosphere observation bells).
     Saturation diving means saturating a diver's tissues with the inert 
gas in the breathing mixture to allow an extension of bottom time 
without additional decompression.
     SCUBA diving means a diving mode in which the diver is supplied 
with a compressed breathing mixture from diver carried equipment.

[[Page 384]]

     Standby diver means a diver at the dive location available to 
assist a diver in the water.
     Surface-supplied air diving means a diving mode in which the diver 
is supplied from the dive location or bell with compressed breathing air 
including oxygen or oxygen enriched air if supplied for treatment.
     Surface-supplied mixed-gas diving means a diving mode in which the 
diver is supplied from the dive location or bell with a compressed 
breathing mixture other than air.
     Timekeeping device means a device for measuring the time of a dive 
in minutes.
     Treatment table means a depth, time, and breathing gas profile 
designed to treat a diver for decompression sickness.
     Umbilical means the hose bundle between a dive location and a diver 
or bell, or between a diver and a bell, that supplies the diver or bell 
with a life-line, breathing gas, communications, power, and heat as 
appropriate to the diving mode or conditions.
     Vessel means any waterborne craft including mobile offshore 
drilling units required to have a Certificate of Inspection issued by 
the Coast Guard or any waterborne craft connected with a deepwater port 
or within the deepwater port safety zone, or any waterborne craft 
engaged in activities related to the Outer Continental Shelf.
     Volume tank means a pressure vessel connected to the outlet of a 
compressor and used as an air reservoir.
     Working pressure means the pressure to which a pressure containment 
device is exposed at any particular instant during normal operating 
conditions.



Sec. 197.205  Availability of standards.

    (a) Several standards have been incorporated by reference in this 
subchapter. The incorporation by reference has been approved by the 
Director of the Federal Register under the provisions of 1 CFR part 51.
    (b) The standards are available from the appropriate organizations 
whose addresses are listed below:
    (1) American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New 
York, NY 10036.
    (2) American Society of Mechanical Engineers, United Engineering 
Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.

[CGD 76-009, 43 FR 53683, Nov. 16, 1978, as amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 197.206  Substitutes for required equipment, materials, apparatus, arrangements, procedures, or tests.

    (a) The Coast Guard may accept substitutes for equipment, materials, 
apparatus, arrangements, procedures, or tests required in this subpart 
if the substitute provides an equivalent level of safety.
    (b) In any case where it is shown to the satisfaction of the 
Commandant that the use of any particular equipment, material, 
apparatus, arrangement, procedure, or test is unreasonable or 
impracticable, the Commandant may permit the use of alternate equipment, 
material, apparatus, arrangement, procedure, or test to such an extent 
and upon such condition as will insure, to his satisfaction, a degree of 
safety consistent with the minimum standards set forth in this subpart.



Sec. 197.208  Designation of person-in-charge.

    (a) The owner or agent of a vessel or facility without a designated 
master shall designate, in writing, an individual to be the person-in-
charge of the vessel or facility.
    (b) Where a master is designated, the master is the person-in-
charge.



Sec. 197.210  Designation of diving supervisor.

    The name of the diving supervisor for each commercial diving 
operation shall be--
    (a) Designated in writing; and
    (b) Given to the person-in-charge prior to the commencement of any 
commercial diving operation.

                                equipment



Sec. 197.300  Applicability.

    (a) Each diving installation used on each vessel or facility subject 
to this subpart must meet the requirements of this subpart.

[[Page 385]]

    (b) In addition to the requirements of this subpart, equipment which 
is permanently installed on vessels and is part of the diving 
installation must meet Subchapters F and J of this chapter.
    (c) All repairs and modifications to pressure vessels used for 
commercial diving operations must be made in accordance with the 
requirements of section VIII, division 1 or division 2 of the ASME Code, 
ASME PVHO-1, part 54 of this chapter, or 49 CFR 173.34, as applicable.
    (d) All repairs and modifications to pressure piping used for 
commercial diving operations must be made in accordance with the 
requirements of the ANSI Code or part 56 of this chapter, as applicable.



Sec. 197.310  Air compressor system.

    A compressor used to supply breathing air to a diver must have--
    (a) A volume tank that is--
    (1) Built and stamped in accordance with section VIII, division 1 of 
the ASME Code with--
    (i) A check valve on the inlet side;
    (ii) A pressure gage;
    (iii) A relief valve; and
    (iv) A drain valve; and
    (2) Tested after every repair, modification, or alteration to the 
pressure boundaries as required by Sec. 197.462;
    (b) Intakes that are located away from areas containing exhaust 
fumes of internal combustion engines or other hazardous contaminants;
    (c) An efficient filtration system; and
    (d) Slow-opening shut-off valves when the maximum allowable working 
pressure of the system exceeds 500 psig.



Sec. 197.312  Breathing supply hoses.

    (a) Each breathing supply hose must--
    (1) Have a maximum working pressure that is equal to or exceeds--
    (i) The maximum working pressure of the section of the breathing 
supply system in which used; and
    (ii) The pressure equivalent of the maximum depth of the dive 
relative to the supply source plus 100 psig;
    (2) Have a bursting pressure of four times its maximum working 
pressure;
    (3) Have connectors that--
    (i) Are made of corrosion-resistant material;
    (ii) Are resistant to accidental disengagement; and
    (iii) Have a maximum working pressure that is at least equal to the 
maximum working pressure of the hose to which they are attached; and
    (4) Resist kinking by--
    (i) Being made of kink-resistant materials; or
    (ii) Having exterior support.
    (b) Each umbilical must--
    (1) Meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section; and
    (2) Be marked from the diver or open bell end in 10-foot intervals 
to 100 feet and in 50-foot intervals thereafter.



Sec. 197.314  First aid and treatment equipment.

    (a) Each dive location must have--
    (1) A medical kit approved by a physician that consists of--
    (i) Basic first aid supplies; and
    (ii) Any additional supplies necessary to treat minor trauma and 
illnesses resulting from hyperbaric exposure;
    (2) A copy of an American Red Cross Standard First Aid handbook;
    (3) A bag-type manual resuscitator with transparent mask and tubing; 
and
    (4) A capability to remove an injured diver from the water.
    (b) Each diving installation must have a two-way communications 
system to obtain emergency assistance except when the vessel or facility 
ship-to-shore, two-way communications system is readily available.
    (c) Each dive location supporting mixed-gas dives, dives deeper than 
130 fsw, or dives outside the no-decompression limits must meet the 
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and have--
    (1) A decompression chamber;
    (2) Decompression and treatment tables;
    (3) A supply of breathing gases sufficient to treat for 
decompression sickness;
    (4) The medical kit required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section 
that is--
    (i) Capable of being carried into the decompression chamber; and
    (ii) Suitable for use under hyperbaric conditions; and

[[Page 386]]

    (5) A capability to assist an injured diver into the decompression 
chamber.



Sec. 197.318  Gages and timekeeping devices.

    (a) A gage indicating diver depth must be at each dive location for 
surface-supplied dives.
    (b) A timekeeping device must be at each dive location.



Sec. 197.320  Diving ladder and stage.

    (a) Each diving ladder must--
    (1) Be capable of supporting the weight of at least two divers;
    (2) Extend 3 feet below the water surface;
    (3) Be firmly in place;
    (4) Be available at the dive location for a diver to enter or exit 
the water unless a diving stage or bell is provided; and
    (5) Be--(i) Made of corrosion-resistant material; or
    (ii) Protected against and maintained free from injurious corrosion.
    (b) Each diving stage must--
    (1) Be capable of supporting the weight of at least two divers;
    (2) Have an open-grating platform;
    (3) Be available for a diver to enter or exit the water from the 
dive location and for in-water decompression if the diver is--
    (i) Wearing a heavy-weight diving outfit; or
    (ii) Diving outside the no-decompression limits, except when a bell 
is provided; and
    (4) Be--(i) Made of corrosion-resistant material; or
    (ii) Protected against and maintained free from injurious corrosion.



Sec. 197.322  Surface-supplied helmets and masks.

    (a) Each surface-supplied helmet or mask must have--
    (1) A nonreturn valve at the attachment point between helmet or mask 
and umbilical that closes readily and positively;
    (2) An exhaust valve; and
    (3) A two-way voice communication system between the diver and the 
dive location or bell.
    (b) Each surface-supplied air helmet or mask must--
    (1) Ventilate at least 4.5 ACFM at any depth at which it is 
operated; or
    (2) Be able to maintain the diver's inspired carbon dioxide partial 
pressure below 0.02 ATA when the diver is producing carbon dioxide at 
the rate of 1.6 standard liters per minute.



Sec. 197.324  Diver's safety harness.

    Each safety harness used in surface-supplied diving must have--
    (a) A positive buckling device; and
    (b) An attachment point for the umbilical life line that--
    (1) Distributes the pulling force of the umbilical over the diver's 
body; and
    (2) Prevents strain on the mask or helmet.



Sec. 197.326  Oxygen safety.

    (a) Equipment used with oxygen or oxygen mixtures greater than 40 
percent by volume must be designed for such use.
    (b) Oxygen systems with pressures greater than 125 psig must have 
slow-opening shut-off valves except pressure boundary shut-off valves 
may be ball valves.



Sec. 197.328  PVHO--General.

    (a) Each PVHO, contracted for or purchased after February 1, 1979, 
must be built and stamped in accordance with ASME PVHO-1.
    (b) Each PVHO, contracted for or constructed before February 1, 
1979, and not Coast Guard approved, must be submitted to the Coast Guard 
for approval prior to February 1, 1984.
    (c) To be approved under paragraph (b), a PVHO must be--
    (1) Constructed in accordance with part 54 of this chapter; or--
    (2) Be built in accordance with section VIII, division 1 or division 
2 of the ASME Code; and--
    (i) Have the plans approved in accordance with Sec. 54.01-18 of this 
chapter;
    (ii) Pass the radiographic and other survey tests of welded joints 
required by section VIII, division 1 or division 2, as appropriate, of 
the ASME Code; and
    (iii) Pass--(A) The hydrostatic test described in Sec. 54.10-10 of 
this chapter; or

[[Page 387]]

    (B) The pneumatic test described in Sec. 54.10-15 of this chapter 
and such additional tests as the Officer-in-Charge, Marine Inspection 
(OCMI) may require.
    (d) Each PVHO must--
    (1) Have a shut-off valve located within 1 foot of the pressure 
boundary on all piping penetrating the pressure boundary;
    (2) Have a check valve located within 1 foot of the pressure 
boundary on all piping exclusively carrying fluids into the PVHO;
    (3) Have the pressure relief device required by ASME PVHO-1;
    (4) Have a built-in breathing system with at least one mask per 
occupant stored inside each separately pressurized compartment;
    (5) Have a two-way voice communications system allowing 
communications between an occupant in one pressurized compartment of the 
PVHO and--
    (i) The diving supervisor at the dive location;
    (ii) Any divers being supported from the same PVHO; and
    (iii) Occupants of other separately pressurized compartments of the 
same PVHO;
    (6) If designed to mechanically couple to another PVHO, have a two-
way communications system allowing communications between occupants of 
each PVHO when mechanically coupled;
    (7) Have a pressure gage in the interior of each compartment that 
is--
    (i) Designed for human occupancy; and
    (ii) Capable of having the compartment pressure controlled from 
inside the PVHO;
    (8) Have viewports that allow observation of occupants from the 
outside;
    (9) Have viewports that meet the requirements of ASME PVHO-1 except 
those PVHO's approved under paragraph (b) of this section which have 
nonacrylic viewports;
    (10) Have means of illumination sufficient to allow an occupant to--
    (i) Read gages; and
    (ii) Operate the installed systems within each compartment;
    (11) Be designed and equipped to minimize sources of combustible 
materials and ignition;
    (12) Have a protective device on the inlet side of PVHO exhaust 
lines;
    (13) Have a means of extinguishing a fire in the interior;
    (14) Have a means of maintaining the oxygen content of the interior 
atmosphere below 25 percent surface equivalent by volume when 
pressurized with air as the breathing mixture;
    (15) Have a means of maintaining the interior atmosphere below 2 
percent surface equivalent carbon dioxide by volume;
    (16) Have a means of overriding and controlling from the exterior 
all interior breathing and pressure supply controls;
    (17) Have a speech unscrambler when used with mixed-gas;
    (18) Have interior electrical systems that are designed for the 
environment in which they will operate to minimize the risk of fire, 
electrical shock to personnel, and galvanic action of the PVHO; and
    (19) Be tested after every repair, modification, or alteration to 
the pressure boundaries as required by Sec. 197.462.



Sec. 197.330  PVHO--Closed bells.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each closed 
bell must meet the requirements of Sec. 197.328 and--
    (1) Have underwater breathing apparatus for each occupant stored 
inside each separately pressurized compartment;
    (2) Have an umbilical;
    (3) Have lifting equipment attached to the closed bell capable of 
returning the occupied closed bell when fully flooded to the dive 
location;
    (4) Be capable of recompressing on the surface to the maximum design 
diving depth;
    (5) Be constructed and equipped as required by Sec. 197.332;
    (6) Have an emergency locating device designed to assist personnel 
on the surface in acquiring and maintaining contact with the submerged 
PVHO if the umbilical to the surface is severed;
    (7) Have a capability to remove an injured diver from the water; and
    (8) Have a life support capability for the intact closed bell and 
its occupants for--
    (i) Twelve hours after an accident severing the umbilical to the 
surface when the umbilical to the surface is

[[Page 388]]

the only installed means of retrieving the closed bell; or
    (ii) A period of time, at least equal to 1 hour plus twice the time 
required to retrieve the bell from its designed operating depth and 
attach an auxiliary lifesupport system, after an accident severing the 
umbilical to the surface when the umbilical is one of the two 
independent installed means of retrieving the closed bell, each meeting 
the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
    (b) A closed bell that does not meet the requirements of paragraphs 
(a)(3), (a)(4), and (a)(5) of this section, must be capable of 
attachment to another PVHO that--
    (1) Allows the transfer of personnel and diver's equipment under 
pressure from the closed bell to the PVHO;
    (2) Meets the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section;
    (3) Is capable of attachment to a decompression chamber meeting the 
requirements of paragraphs (a)(4) and (a)(5) of this section; and
    (4) Allows the transfer of personnel and diver's equipment under 
pressure from the PVHO to the decompression chamber.



Sec. 197.332  PVHO--Decompression chambers.

    Each decompression chamber must--
    (a) Meet the requirements of Sec. 197.328;
    (b) Have internal dimensions sufficient to accommodate a diver lying 
in a horizontal position and another person tending the diver;
    (c) Have a capability for ingress and egress of personnel and 
equipment while the occupants are under pressure;
    (d) Have a means of operating all installed man-way locking devices, 
except disabled shipping dogs, from both sides of a closed hatch;
    (e) Have interior illumination sufficient to allow visual 
observation, diagnosis, and medical treatment of an occupant.
    (f) Have one bunk for each two occupants;
    (g) Have a capability that allows bunks to be seen over their entire 
lengths from the exterior;
    (h) Have a minimum pressure capability of--
    (1) 6 ATA, when used for diving to 300 fsw; or
    (2) The maximum depth of the dive, when used for diving operations 
deeper than 300 fsw, unless a closed bell meeting the requirements of 
Sec. 197.330(a) (3), (4), and (5) is used;
    (i) Have a minimum pressurization rate of 2 ATA per minute to 60 fsw 
and at least 1 ATA per minute thereafter;
    (j) Have a decompression rate of 1 ATA per minute to 33 fsw;
    (k) Have an external pressure gage for each pressurized compartment;
    (l) Have a capability to supply breathing mixtures at the maximum 
rate required by each occupant doing heavy work; and
    (m) Have a sound-powered headset or telephone as a backup to the 
communications system required by Sec. 197.328(c) (5) and (6), except 
when that communications system is a sound-powered system.



Sec. 197.334  Open diving bells.

    Each open diving bell must--
    (a) Have an upper section that provides an envelope capable of 
maintaining a bubble of breathing mixture available to a diver standing 
on the lower section of the platform with his body through the open 
bottom and his head in the bubble;
    (b) Have lifting equipment capable of returning the occupied open 
bell to the dive location;
    (c) Have an umbilical; and
    (d) Be--(1) Made of corrosion-resisting material; or
    (2) Protected against and maintained free from injurious corrosion.



Sec. 197.336  Pressure piping.

    Piping systems that are not an integral part of the vessel or 
facility, carrying fluids under pressures exceeding 15 psig must--
    (a) Meet the ANSI Code;
    (b) Have the point of connection to the integral piping system of 
the vessel or facility clearly marked; and
    (c) Be tested after every repair, modification, or alteration to the 
pressure boundaries as set forth in Sec. 197.462.



Sec. 197.338  Compressed gas cylinders.

    Each compressed gas cylinder must--
    (a) Be stored in a ventilated area;

[[Page 389]]

    (b) Be protected from excessive heat;
    (c) Be prevented from falling;
    (d) Be tested after any repair, modification, or alteration to the 
pressure boundaries as set forth in Sec. 197.462; and
    (e) Meet the requirements of--
    (1) Part 54 of this chapter; or
    (2) 49 CFR 173.34 and 49 CFR part 178, subpart C.



Sec. 197.340  Breathing gas supply.

    (a) A primary breathing gas supply for surface-supplied diving must 
be sufficient to support the following for the duration of the planned 
dive:
    (1) The diver.
    (2) The standby diver.
    (3) The decompression chamber, when required by Sec. 197.432(e)(2) 
or by Sec. 197.434(a) for the duration of the dive and for one hour 
after completion of the planned dive.
    (4) A decompression chamber when provided but not required by this 
subpart.
    (5) A closed bell when provided or required by Sec. 197.434(d).
    (6) An open bell when provided or required by Sec. 197.432(e)(4) or 
by Sec. 197.434(c).
    (b) A secondary breathing gas supply for surface-supplied diving 
must be sufficient to support the following:
    (1) The diver while returning to the surface.
    (2) The diver during decompression.
    (3) The standby diver.
    (4) The decompression chamber when required by Sec. 197.432(e)(2) or 
by Sec. 197.434(a) for the duration of the dive and one hour after the 
completion of the planned dive.
    (5) The closed bell while returning the diver to the surface.
    (6) The open bell while returning the diver to the surface.
    (c) A diver-carried reserve breathing gas supply for surface-
supplied diving must be sufficient to allow the diver to--
    (1) Reach the surface.
    (2) Reach another source of breathing gas; or
    (3) Be reached by a standby diver equipped with another source of 
breathing gas for the diver.
    (d) A primary breathing gas supply for SCUBA diving must be 
sufficient to support the diver for the duration of the planned dive 
through his return to the dive location or planned pick-up point.
    (e) A diver-carried reserve breathing gas supply for SCUBA diving 
must be sufficient to allow the diver to return to the dive location or 
planned pick-up point from the greatest depth of the planned dive.
    (f) Oxygen used for breathing mixtures must--
    (1) Meet the requirements of Federal Specification BB-0-925a; and
    (2) Be type 1 (gaseous) grade A or B.
    (g) Nitrogen used for breathing mixtures must--
    (1) Meet the requirements of Federal Specification BB-N-411c;
    (2) Be type 1 (gaseous);
    (3) Be class 1 (oil free); and
    (4) Be grade A, B, or C.
    (h) Helium used for breathing mixtures must be grades A, B, or C 
produced by the Federal Government, or equivalent.
    (i) Compressed air used for breathing mixtures must--
    (1) Be 20 to 22 percent oxygen by volume;
    (2) Have no objectionable odor; and
    (3) Have no more than--
    (i) 1,000 parts per million of carbon dioxide;
    (ii) 20 parts per million carbon monoxide;
    (iii) 5 milligrams per cubic meter of solid and liquid particulates 
including oil; and
    (iv) 25 parts per million of hydrocarbons (includes methane and all 
other hydrocarbons expressed as methane).



Sec. 197.342  Buoyancy-changing devices.

    (a) A dry suit or other buoyancy-changing device not directly 
connected to the exhaust valve of the helmet or mask must have an 
independent exhaust valve.
    (b) When used for SCUBA diving, a buoyancy-changing device must have 
an inflation source separate from the breathing gas supply.



Sec. 197.344  Inflatable floatation devices.

    An inflatable floatation device for SCUBA diving must--
    (a) Be capable of maintaining the diver at the surface in a faceup 
position;

[[Page 390]]

    (b) Have a manually activated inflation device;
    (c) Have an oral inflation device;
    (d) Have an over-pressure relief device; and
    (e) Have a manually operated exhaust valve.



Sec. 197.346  Diver's equipment.

    (a) Each diver using SCUBA must have--
    (1) Self-contained underwater breathing equipment including--
    (i) A primary breathing gas supply with a cylinder pressure gage 
readable by the diver during the dive; and
    (ii) A diver-carried reserve breathing gas supply provided by--
    (A) A manual reserve (J valve); or
    (B) An independent reserve cylinder connected and ready for use;
    (2) A face mask;
    (3) An inflatable floatation device;
    (4) A weight belt capable of quick release;
    (5) A knife;
    (6) Swim fins or shoes;
    (7) A diving wristwatch; and
    (8) A depth gage.
    (b) Each diver using a heavyweight diving outfit must--
    (1) Have a helmet group consisting of helmet, breastplate, and 
associated valves and connections;
    (2) Have a diving dress group consisting of a basic dress that 
encloses the body (except for head and hands) in a tough, waterproof 
cover, gloves, shoes, weight assembly, and knife;
    (3) Have a hose group consisting of the breathing gas hose and 
fittings, the control valve, the lifeline, communications cable, and a 
pneumofathometer; and
    (4) Be provided with a helmet cushion and weighted shoes.
    (c) Each surface-supplied dive operation using a heavyweight diving 
outfit must have an extra breathing gas hose with attaching tools 
available to the standby diver.
    (d) Each diver using a lightweight diving outfit must have--
    (1) A safety harness;
    (2) A weight assembly capable of quick release;
    (3) A mask group consisting of a lightweight mask and associated 
valves and connections;
    (4) A diving dress group consisting of wet or dry diving dress, 
gloves, shoes or fins, and knife; and
    (5) A hose group consisting of the breathing gas hose and fittings, 
the control valve, the lifeline, communications cable, and a 
pneumofathometer (if the breaking strength of the communications cable 
is at least equal to that required for the lifeline, the communications 
cable can serve as the lifeline).
    (e) Each surface-supplied air dive operation within the no-
decompression limits and to depths of 130 fsw or less must have a 
primary breathing gas supply at the dive location.
    (f) Each surface-supplied dive operation outside the no-compression 
limits, deeper than 130 fsw, or using mixed-gas as a breathing mixture 
must have at the dive location--
    (1) A primary breathing gas supply; and
    (2) A secondary breathing gas supply.
    (g) Each diver diving outside the no-decompression limits, deeper 
than 130 fsw, or using mixed-gas must have a diver-carried reserve 
breathing gas supply except when using a heavy-weight diving outfit or 
when diving in a physically confining area.

                               operations



Sec. 197.400  Applicability.

    Diving operations may only be conducted from a vessel or facility 
subject to the subpart if the regulations in this subpart are met.



Sec. 197.402  Responsibilities of the person-in-charge.

    (a) The person-in-charge shall--
    (1) Be fully cognizant of the provisions of this subpart;
    (2) Prior to permitting any commercial diving operation to commence, 
have--
    (i) The designation of the diving supervisor for each diving 
operation as required by Sec. 197.210;
    (ii) A report on--
    (A) The nature and planned times of the planned diving operation; 
and
    (B) The planned involvement of the vessel or facility, its 
equipment, and its personnel in the diving operation.

[[Page 391]]

    (b) Prior to permitting any commerical diving operation involving 
liveboating to commence, the person-in-charge shall insure that--
    (1) A means of rapid communications with the diving supervisor while 
the diver is entering, in, or leaving the water is established; and
    (2) A boat and crew for diver pickup in the event of an emergency is 
provided.
    (c) The person-in-charge shall insure that a boat and crew for SCUBA 
diver pickup is provided when SCUBA divers are not line-tended from the 
dive location.
    (d) The person-in-charge shall coordinate the activities on and of 
the vessel or facility with the diving supervisor.
    (e) The person-in-charge shall insure that the vessel or facility 
equipment and personnel are kept clear of the dive location except after 
coordinating with the diving supervisor.



Sec. 197.404  Responsibilities of the diving supervisor.

    (a) The diving supervisor shall--
    (1) Be fully cognizant of the provisions of this subpart;
    (2) Be fully cognizant of the provisions of the operations manual 
required by Sec. 197.420;
    (3) Insure that diving operations conducted from a vessel or 
facility subject to this subpart meet the regulations in this subpart;
    (4) Prior to the commencement of any commercial diving operation, 
provide the report required by Sec. 197.402 to the person-in-charge;
    (5) Coordinate with the person-in-charge any changes that are made 
to the report required by Sec. 197.402; and
    (6) Promptly notify the person-in-charge of any diving related 
casualty, accident, or injury.
    (b) The diving supervisor is in charge of the planning and execution 
of the diving operation including the responsibility for the safety and 
health of the dive team.



Sec. 197.410  Dive procedures.

    (a) The diving supervisor shall insure that--
    (1) Before commencing diving operations, dive team members are 
briefed on--
    (i) The tasks to be undertaken;
    (ii) Any unusual hazards or environmental conditions likely to 
affect the safety of the diving operation; and
    (iii) Any modifications to the operations manual or procedures 
including safety procedures necessitated by the specific diving 
operation;
    (2) The breathing gas supply systems, masks, helmets, thermal 
protection, when provided, and bell lifting equipment, when a bell is 
provided or required, are inspected prior to each diving operation;
    (3) Each diver is instructed to report any physical problems or 
physiological effects including aches, pains, current illnesses, or 
symptoms of decompression sickness prior to each dive;
    (4) A depth, bottom time profile, including any breathing mixture 
changes, is maintained at the dive location for each diver during the 
dive, except that SCUBA divers shall maintain their own profiles;
    (5) A two-way voice communication system is used between--
    (i) Each surface-supplied diver and a dive team member at the dive 
location or bell (when provided); and
    (ii) The bell (when provided) and the dive location;
    (6) A two-way communication system is available at the dive location 
to obtain emergency assistance;
    (7) After the completion of each dive--
    (i) The physical condition of the diver is checked by--
    (A) Visual observation; and
    (B) Questioning the diver about his physical well-being;
    (ii) The diver is instructed to report any physical problems or 
adverse physiological effects including aches, pains, current illnesses, 
or symptoms of decompression sickness or gas embolism;
    (iii) The diver is advised of the location of an operational 
decompression chamber; and
    (iv) The diver is alerted to the potential hazards of flying after 
diving;
    (8) For any dive outside the no-decompression limits, deeper than 
130 fsw, or using mixed-gas as a breathing mixture--
    (i) A depth, time, decompression profile including breathing mixture

[[Page 392]]

changes is maintained for each diver at the dive location;
    (ii) The diver is instructed to remain awake and in the vicinity of 
the dive location decompression chamber for at least one hour after the 
completion of a dive, decompression, or treatment; and
    (iii) A dive team member, other than the diver, is trained and 
available to operate the decompression chamber; and
    (9) When decompression sickness or gas embolism is suspected or 
symptoms are evident, a report is completed containing--
    (i) The investigation for each incident including--
    (A) The dive and decompression profiles;
    (B) The composition, depth, and time of breathing mixture changes;
    (C) A description of the symptoms including depth and time of onset; 
and
    (D) A description and results of the treatment;
    (ii) The evaluation for each incident based on--
    (A) The investigation;
    (B) Consideration of the past performance of the decompression table 
used; and
    (C) Individual susceptibility; and
    (iii) The corrective action taken, if necessary, to reduce the 
probability of recurrence.
    (b) The diving supervisor shall ensure that the working interval of 
a dive is terminated when he so directs or when--
    (1) A diver requests termination;
    (2) A diver fails to respond correctly to communications or signals 
from a dive team member;
    (3) Communications are lost and can not be quickly reestablished 
between--
    (i) The diver and a dive team member at the dive location; or
    (ii) The person-in-charge and the diving supervisor during 
liveboating operations; or
    (4) A diver begins to use his diver-carried reserve breathing gas 
supply.



Sec. 197.420  Operations manual.

    (a) The diving supervisor shall--
    (1) Provide an operations manual to the person-in-charge prior to 
commencement of any diving operation; and
    (2) Make an operations manual available at the dive location to all 
members of the dive team.
    (b) The operations manual must be modified in writing when 
adaptation is required because of--
    (1) The configuration or operation of the vessel or facility; or
    (2) The specific diving operation as planned.
    (c) The operations manual must provide for the safety and health of 
the divers.
    (d) The operations manual must contain the following:
    (1) Safety procedures and checklists for each diving mode used.
    (2) Assignments and responsibilities of each dive team member for 
each diving mode used.
    (3) Equipment procedures and checklists for each diving mode used.
    (4) Emergency procedures for--
    (i) Fire;
    (ii) Equipment failure;
    (iii) Adverse environmental conditions including, but not limited 
to, weather and sea state;
    (iv) Medical illness; and
    (v) Treatment of injury.
    (5) Procedures dealing with the use of--
    (i) Hand-held power tools;
    (ii) Welding and burning equipment; and
    (iii) Explosives.

                     specific diving mode procedures



Sec. 197.430  SCUBA diving.

    The diving supervisor shall insure that--
    (a) SCUBA diving is not conducted--
    (1) Outside the no-decompression limits;
    (2) At depths greater than 130 fsw;
    (3) Against currents greater than one (1) knot unless line-tended; 
and
    (4) If a diver cannot directly ascend to the surface unless line-
tended;
    (b) The SCUBA diver has the equipment required by Sec. 197.346(a);
    (c) A standby diver is available while a diver is in the water;
    (d) A diver is line-tended from the surface or accompanied by 
another diver in the water in continuous visual contact during the 
diving operation;

[[Page 393]]

    (e) When a diver is in a physically confining space, another diver 
is stationed at the underwater point of entry and is line-tending the 
diver; and
    (f) A boat is available for diver pickup when the divers are not 
line-tended from the dive location.



Sec. 197.432  Surface-supplied air diving.

    The diving supervisor shall insure that--
    (a) Surface-supplied air diving is conducted at depths less than 190 
fsw, except that dives with bottom times of 30 minutes or less may be 
conducted to depths of 220 fsw;
    (b) Each diving operation has a primary breathing gas supply;
    (c) Each diver is continuously tended while in the water;
    (d) When a diver is in a physically confining space, another diver 
is stationed at the underwater point of entry and is line-tending the 
diver;
    (e) For dives deeper than 130 fsw or outside the no-decompression 
limits--
    (1) Each diving operation has a secondary breathing gas supply;
    (2) A decompression chamber is ready for use at the dive location;
    (3) A diving stage is used except when a bell is provided;
    (4) A bell is used for dives with an in-water decompression time 
greater than 120 minutes, except when the diver is using a heavy-weight 
diving outfit or is diving in a physically confining space;
    (5) A separate dive team member tends each diver in the water;
    (6) A standby diver is available while a diver is in the water; and
    (7) Each diver has a diver-carried reserve breathing gas supply 
except when using a heavy-weight diving outfit or when diving in a 
physically confining space; and
    (f) The surface-supplied air diver has the equipment required by 
Sec. 197.346 (b) or (d).



Sec. 197.434  Surface-supplied mixed-gas diving.

    The diving supervisor shall insure that--
    (a) When mixed-gas diving is conducted, a decompression chamber or a 
closed bell meeting the requirements of Sec. 197.332 is ready for use at 
the dive location;
    (b) A diving stage is used except when a bell is provided;
    (c) A bell is used for dives deeper than 220 fsw or when the dive 
involves in-water decompression times greater than 120 minutes, except 
when the diver is using a heavy-weight diving outfit or is diving in a 
physically confining space;
    (d) A closed bell is used for dives at depths greater than 300 fsw, 
except when diving is conducted in a physically confining space;
    (e) A separate dive team member tends each diver in the water;
    (f) A standby diver is available during all nonsaturation dives;
    (g) When saturation diving is conducted--
    (1) A standby diver is available when the closed bell leaves the 
dive location until the divers are in saturation; and
    (2) A member of the dive team at the dive location is a diver able 
to assist in the recovery of the closed bell or its occupants, if 
required;
    (h) When closed bell operations are conducted, a diver is available 
in the closed bell to assist a diver in the water;
    (i) When a diver is in a physically confining space, another diver 
is stationed at the underwater point of entry and is line-tending the 
diver;
    (j) Each diving operation has a primary and secondary breathing gas 
supply meeting the requirements of Sec. 197.340; and
    (k) The surface-supplied mixed-gas diver has the equipment required 
by Sec. 197.346 (b) or (d).



Sec. 197.436  Liveboating.

    (a) During liveboating operations, the person-in-charge shall insure 
that--
    (1) Diving is not conducted in seas that impede station-keeping 
ability of the vessel;
    (2) Liveboating operations are not conducted--
    (i) From 1 hour after sunset to 1 hour before sunrise; or
    (ii) During periods of restricted visibility;
    (3) The propellers of the vessel are stopped before the diver enters 
or exits the water; and

[[Page 394]]

    (4) A boat is ready to be launched with crew in the event of an 
emergency.
    (b) As used in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section, restricted 
visibility means any condition in which vessel navigational visibility 
is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms 
or any other similar causes.
    (c) During liveboating operations, the diving supervisor shall 
insure that--
    (1) Diving is not conducted at depths greater than 220 fsw;
    (2) Diving is not conducted in seas that impede diver mobility or 
work function;
    (3) A means is used to prevent the diver's hose from entangling in 
the propellers of the vessel;
    (4) Each diver carries a reserve breathing gas supply;
    (5) A standby diver is available while a diver is in the water;
    (6) Diving is not conducted with in-water decompression times 
greater than 120 minutes; and
    (7) The person-in-charge is notified before a diver enters or exits 
the water.

           periodic tests and inspections of diving equipment



Sec. 197.450  Breathing gas tests.

    The diving supervisor shall insure that--
    (a) The output of each air compressor is tested and meets the 
requirements of Sec. 197.340 for quality and quantity by means of 
samples taken at the connection point to the distribution system--
    (1) Every 6 months; and
    (2) After every repair or modification.
    (b) Purchased supplies of breathing mixtures supplied to a diver are 
checked before being placed on line for--
    (1) Certification that the supply meets the requirements of 
Sec. 197.340; and
    (2) Noxious or offensive odor and oxygen percentage;
    (c) Each breathing supply system is checked, prior to commencement 
of diving operations, at the umbilical or underwater breathing apparatus 
connection point for the diver, for noxious or offensive odor and 
presence of oil mist; and
    (d) Each breathing supply system, supplying mixed-gas to a diver, is 
checked, prior to commencement of diving operations, at the umbilical or 
underwater breathing apparatus connection point for the diver, for 
percentage of oxygen.



Sec. 197.452  Oxygen cleaning.

    The diving supervisor shall ensure that equipment used with oxygen 
or oxygen mixtures greater than 40 percent by volume is cleaned of 
flammable materials--
    (a) Before being placed into service; and
    (b) After any repair, alteration, modification, or suspected 
contamination.



Sec. 197.454  First aid and treatment equipment.

    The diving supervisor shall ensure that medical kits are checked 
monthly to insure that all required supplies are present.



Sec. 197.456  Breathing supply hoses.

    (a) The diving supervisor shall insure that--
    (1) Each breathing supply hose is pressure tested prior to being 
placed into initial service and every 24 months thereafter to 1.5 times 
its maximum working pressure;
    (2) Each breathing supply hose assembly, prior to being placed into 
initial service and after any repair, modification, or alteration, is 
tensile tested by--
    (i) Subjecting each hose-to-fitting connection to a 200 pound axial 
load; and
    (ii) Passing a visual examination for evidence of separation, 
slippage, or other damage to the assembly;
    (3) Each breathing supply hose is periodically checked for--
    (i) Damage which is likely to affect pressure integrity; and
    (ii) Contamination which is likely to affect the purity of the 
breathing mixture delivered to the diver; and
    (4) The open ends of each breathing supply hose are taped, capped, 
or plugged when not in use.
    (b) To meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section, 
each breathing supply hose must be--

[[Page 395]]

    (1) Carefully inspected before being shipped to the dive location;
    (2) Visually checked during daily operation; and
    (3) Checked for noxious or offensive odor before each diving 
operation.



Sec. 197.458  Gages and timekeeping devices.

    The diving supervisor shall insure that--
    (a) Each depth gage and timekeeping device is tested or calibrated 
against a master reference gage or time- keeping device every 6 months;
    (b) A depth gage is tested when a discrepancy exists in a depth gage 
reading greater than 2 percent of full scale between any two gages of 
similar range and calibration;
    (c) A timekeeping device is tested when a discrepancy exists in a 
timekeeping device reading greater than one-quarter of a minute in a 4-
hour period between any two timekeeping devices; and
    (d) Each depth gage and timekeeping device is inspected before 
diving operations are begun.



Sec. 197.460  Diving equipment.

    The diving supervisor shall insure that the diving equipment 
designated for use in a dive under Sec. 197.346 is inspected before each 
dive.



Sec. 197.462  Pressure vessels and pressure piping.

    (a) The diving supervisor shall insure that each volume tank, 
cylinder, PVHO, and pressure piping system has been examined and tested 
every 12 months and after any repair, modification, or alteration to the 
extent necessary to determine that they are in condition and fit for the 
service intended.
    (b) The following tests must be made to meet the annual requirements 
of paragraph (a) of this section:
    (1) An internal and external visual examination for mechanical 
damage or deterioration. If a defect is found that may impair the safety 
of the pressure vessel, a hydrostatic test must be performed.
    (2) A leak test.
    (3) A pneumatic test.
    (4) A hydrostatic test every fifth year instead of the pneumatic 
test.
    (c) The following tests must be made after any repair, modification, 
or alteration to meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section:
    (1) An internal and external visual examination for correctness and 
adequacy of repair, modification, or alteration.
    (2) A leak test.
    (3) A hydrostatic test when the repair, modification, or alteration 
affects the pressure boundary.
    (d) When the pneumatic test on pressure vessels is conducted--
    (1) The test pressure must be the maximum allowable working pressure 
stamped on the pressure vessel; and
    (2) The test may be conducted only after suitable precautions are 
taken to protect personnel and equipment.
    (e) When the pneumatic test on pressure piping is conducted:
    (1) The test pressure must be no less than 90 percent of the setting 
of the relief device; and
    (2) The test may be conducted only after suitable precautions are 
taken to protect personnel and equipment.
    (f) When a hydrostatic test on a pressure vessel is made, the test 
pressure must be:
    (1) 1\1/4\ times the pressure stamped on the pressure vessel built 
to division 2 of the ASME Code; and
    (2) 1\1/2\ times the pressure stamped on the pressure vessel built 
to division 1 of the ASME Code.
    (g) When a hydrostatic test on pressure piping is conducted, the 
test must be conducted in accordance with the ANSI Code.
    (h) When the leak test on pressure vessels or pressure piping is 
conducted:
    (1) The test must be conducted with the breathing mixture normally 
used in service;
    (2) The test must be conducted at the maximum allowable working 
pressure; and
    (3) The test pressure must be maintained for a minimum of 10 minutes 
to allow checking all joints, connections, and regions of high stress 
for leakage.

[[Page 396]]

                                 records



Sec. 197.480  Logbooks.

    (a) The person-in-charge of a vessel or facility required by 46 
U.S.C. 201 to have an official logbook shall maintain the logbook on 
form CG-706.
    (b) The person-in-charge of a vessel or facility not required by 46 
U.S.C. 201 to have an official logbook, shall maintain, on board, a 
logbook for making the entries required by this subpart.
    (c) The diving supervisor conducting commercial diving operations 
from a vessel or facility subject to this subpart shall maintain a 
logbook for making the entries required by this subpart.



Sec. 197.482  Logbook entries.

    (a) The person-in-charge shall insure that the following information 
is recorded in the logbook for each commercial diving operation:
    (1) Date, time, and location at the start and completion of dive 
operations.
    (2) Approximate underwater and surface conditions (weather, 
visibility, temperatures, and currents).
    (3) Name of the diving supervisor.
    (4) General nature of work performed.
    (b) The diving supervisor shall insure that the following 
information is recorded in the logbook for each commercial diving 
operation:
    (1) Date, time, and location at the start and completion of each 
dive operation.
    (2) Approximate underwater and surface conditions (weather, 
visibility, temperatures, and currents).
    (3) Names of dive team members including diving supervisor.
    (4) General nature of work performed.
    (5) Repetitive dive designation or elapsed time since last 
hyperbaric exposure if less than 24 hours for each diver.
    (6) Diving modes used.
    (7) Maximum depth and bottom time for each diver.
    (8) Name of person-in-charge.
    (9) For each dive outside the no-decompression limits, deeper than 
130 fsw, or using mixed-gas, the breathing gases and decompression table 
designations used.
    (10) When decompression sickness or gas embolism is suspected or 
symptoms are evident--
    (i) The name of the diver; and
    (ii) A description and results of treatment.
    (11) For each fatality or any diving related injury or illness that 
results in incapacitation of more than 72 hours or requires any dive 
team member to be hospitalized for more than 24 hours--
    (i) The date;
    (ii) Time;
    (iii) Circumstances; and
    (iv) Extent of any injury or illness.
    (c) The diving supervisor shall insure that the following is 
recorded in the logbook for each diving operation deviating from the 
requirements of this subpart:
    (1) A description of the circumstances leading to the situation.
    (2) The deviations made.
    (3) The corrective action taken, if appropriate, to reduce the 
possibility of recurrence.
    (d) The diving supervisor shall insure that a record of the 
following is maintained:
    (1) The date and results of each check of the medical kits.
    (2) The date and results of each test of the air compressor.
    (3) The date and results of each check of breathing mixtures.
    (4) The date and results of each check of each breathing supply 
system.
    (5) The date, equipment cleaned, general cleaning procedure, and 
names of persons cleaning the diving equipment for oxygen service.
    (6) The date and results of each test of the breathing supply hoses 
and system.
    (7) The date and results of each inspection of the breathing gas 
supply system.
    (8) The date and results of each test of depth gages and timekeeping 
devices.
    (9) The date and results of each test and inspection of each PVHO.
    (10) The date and results of each inspection of the diving 
equipment.
    (11) The date and results of each test and inspection of pressure 
piping.
    (12) The date and results of each test and inspection of volume 
tanks and cylinders.

[[Page 397]]

    (e) The diving supervisor shall insure that a notation concerning 
the location of the information required under paragraph (d) is made in 
the logbook.

    Note: R.S. 4290 (46 U.S.C. 201) requires that certain entries be 
made in an official logbook in addition to the entries required by this 
section; and R.S. 4291 (46 U.S.C. 202) prescribes the manner of making 
those entries.



Sec. 197.484  Notice of casualty.

    (a) In addition to the requirements of subpart 4.05 of this chapter 
and 33 CFR 146.30, the person-in-charge shall notify the Officer-in-
Charge, Marine Inspection, as soon as possible after a diving casualty 
occurs, if the casualty involves any of the following:
    (1) Loss of life.
    (2) Diving-related injury to any person causing incapacitation for 
more than 72 hours.
    (3) Diving-related injury to any person requiring hospitalization 
for more than 24 hours.
    (b) The notice required by this section must contain the following:
    (1) Name and official number (if applicable) of the vessel or 
facility.
    (2) Name of the owner or agent of the vessel or facility.
    (3) Name of the person-in-charge.
    (4) Name of the diving supervisor.
    (5) Description of the casualty including presumed cause.
    (6) Nature and extent of the injury to persons.
    (c) The notice required by this section is not required if the 
written report required by Sec. 197.486 is submitted within 5 days of 
the casualty.

[CGD 76-009, 43 FR 53683, Nov. 16, 1978, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50469, Sept. 29, 1995]



Sec. 197.486  Written report of casualty.

    The person-in-charge of a vessel or facility for which a notice of 
casualty was made under Sec. 197.484 shall submit a report to the 
Officer-in-Charge, Marine Inspection, as soon as possible after the 
casualty occurs, as follows:
    (a) On Form CG-2692, when the diving installation is on a vessel.
    (b) Using a written report, in narrative form, when the diving 
installation is on a facility. The written report must contain the 
information required by Sec. 197.484.
    (c) The report required by this section must be accompanied by a 
copy of the report required by Sec. 197.410(a)(9) when decompression 
sickness is involved.
    (d) The report required by this section must include information 
relating to alcohol or drug involvement as required by Sec. 4.05-12 of 
this chapter.

(The reporting requirement in paragraph (a) was approved by OMB under 
control number 2115-0003)

[CGD 76-009, 43 FR 53683, Nov. 16, 1978, as amended by CGD 82-023, 47 FR 
35748, Aug. 16, 1982; 48 FR 43328, Sept. 23, 1983; CGD 84-099, 52 FR 
47536, Dec. 14, 1987]



Sec. 197.488  Retention of records after casualty.

    (a) The owner, agent, or person-in-charge of a vessel or facility 
for which a report of casualty is made under Sec. 197.484 shall retain 
all records onboard that are maintained on the vessel or facility and 
those records required by this subpart for 6 months after the report of 
a casualty is made or until advised by the Officer-in-Charge, Marine 
Inspection, that records need not be retained onboard.
    (b) The records required by paragraph (a) of this section to be 
retained on board include, but are not limited to, the following:
    (1) All logbooks required by Sec. 197.480.
    (2) All reports required by Sec. 197.402(a)(2)(ii), 
Sec. 197.404(a)(4), Sec. 197.410(a)(9).
    (c) The owner, agent, person-in-charge, or diving supervisor shall, 
upon request, make the records described in this section available for 
examination by any Coast Guard official authorized to investigate the 
casualty.



                           Subpart C--Benzene

    Source: CGD 88-040, 56 FR 52135, Oct. 17, 1991, unless otherwise 
noted.



Sec. 197.501  Applicability.

    (a) Except for vessels satisfying paragraph (b) of this section, 
this subpart applies to all Coast Guard inspected vessels, including 
tank ships and barges, that are carrying benzene or benzene containing 
liquids in bulk as cargo.

[[Page 398]]

    (b) This subpart does not apply to vessels that are carrying only 
liquid cargoes containing less than 0.5% benzene by volume.
    (c) This subpart does not apply to vessels of foreign registry.

[CGD 88-040, 56 FR 52135, Oct. 17, 1991; 56 FR 65006, Dec. 13, 1991]



Sec. 197.505  Definitions.

    As used in this subpart--
    Action level means an airborne concentration of benzene of 0.5 parts 
of benzene per million parts of air calculated as an eight hour time-
weighted average, generated from vessels regulated by this subpart.
    Authorized person means a person specifically authorized by the 
person in charge of the vessel to enter a regulated area.
    Benzene means liquefied or gaseous benzene (C6H6; Chemical 
Abstracts Service Registry No. 71-43-2) and includes benzene contained 
in liquid mixtures and the benzene vapors released by these mixtures. 
The term does not include trace amounts of unreacted benzene contained 
in solid materials.
    Breathing zone means the area within one foot of a person's mouth 
and nose.
    Employee means an individual who is on board a vessel by reason of 
that individual's employment and who is employed directly by the owner, 
charterer, managing operator, or agent of that vessel.
    Employer means the owner, charterer, managing operator, or agent of 
a vessel.
    Emergency means an occurrence, such as an equipment failure, a 
container rupture, or a control equipment failure, which results or may 
result in an unexpected release of benzene.
    Operations involving benzene means any operation that could subject 
a worker to benzene exposures above the PEL, including cargo transfer 
operations involving connecting or disconnecting liquid or vapor hoses; 
cargo tank gauging and sampling; and cargo tank gas freeing, venting, 
and cleaning.
    Performance standard means the standard in Sec. 197.520.
    Person in charge means--
    (1) For a self propelled vessel, the master or licensed operator of 
the vessel; and
    (2) For an unmanned barge,
    (i) The licensed operator of the vessel for barge tows;
    (ii) Where there is no licensed operator, the tankerman who signs 
the declaration of inspection for a cargo transfer for an operation 
involving benzene; or
    (iii) Where there is no licensed operator or tankerman, the 
individual in charge of the vessel when it is moored at a fleet, 
terminal, or other place.
    Permissible exposure limits or PELs mean the exposure limits 
specified in Sec. 197.515.
    Personal exposure means the concentration of airborne benzene to 
which a person would be exposed if that person were not using a properly 
fitted respirator in compliance with Sec. 197.550 and the personal 
protective clothing and equipment in compliance with Sec. 197.555.
    Regulated area means an area designated in compliance with 
Sec. 197.535.
    Short-term exposure limit or STEL means an airborne concentration of 
five parts of benzene per million parts of air (five ppm), as averaged 
over any 15 minute period.
    Time-weighted average exposure limit or TWA means an airborne 
concentration of one part of benzene per million parts of air (one ppm), 
as averaged over an eight-hour period. This eight hour period covers the 
time, up to eight hours, that the employee works in any 24 hour period. 
If the exposure period is less than eight hours within the 24 hour 
period, the difference between eight hours and the time of exposure 
(that is, the unexposed time) is averaged into the TWA. If the exposure 
period exceeds eight hours in any 24 hour period, sum the products of 
each exposure level multiplied by the time at that exposure level. The 
TWA is the value of that sum divided by eight hours.
    Vapor control or recovery system means a system of piping and 
equipment used to collect vapors by transporting the vapors from a tank 
being loaded to a tank being unloaded or by collecting the vapors and 
containing them, recovering them, dispersing them in a location remote 
from personnel, or destroying them.

[[Page 399]]



Sec. 197.510  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain materials are incorporated by reference into this 
subpart with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in 
accordance with 5 U.S.C. 522(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any 
edition other than the one listed in paragraph (b) of this section, 
notice of the change must be published in the Federal Register and the 
material made available to the public. All approved material is on file 
at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW., 
Suite 700, Washington, DC and at U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Operating 
and Environmental Standards (G-MSO), 2100 Second Street, SW., 
Washington, DC 20593-0001 and is available from the sources indicated in 
paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
subpart and the sections affected are as follows:

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036
                 ANSI Z 88.2--1980--Practices for Respiratory Protection
                                                    ........Sec. 197.550

[CGD 88-040, 56 FR 52135, Oct. 17, 1991, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60 FR 
50469, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50735, Sept. 27, 1996; 61 FR 
52497, Oct. 7, 1996]



Sec. 197.515  Permissible exposure limits (PELs).

    The permissible exposure limits (PELs) for personal exposure are as 
follows:
    (a) The time-weighted average exposure limit (TWA).
    (b) The short-term exposure limit (STEL). Exposures at the STEL must 
not be repeated more than four times a day. There must be at least 60 
minutes between successive exposures at the STEL.



Sec. 197.520  Performance standard.

    No person may be subjected to a personal exposure in excess of the 
permissible exposure limits unless respiratory protection is used.



Sec. 197.525  Responsibility of the person in charge.

    Unless otherwise specified, the person in charge shall ensure that 
the performance standard and other requirements of this subpart are 
complied with on that person's vessel.



Sec. 197.530  Persons other than employees.

    (a) Before a nonemployee (other than Federal, state, and local 
government personnel) engages in a benzene operation on a vessel in 
which the person is likely to be exposed to benzene in excess of the 
PELs, that person must certify that--
    (1) That person has had, within the previous 12 months, at least one 
medical examination in compliance with Sec. 197.560 or 29 CFR 1910.1028;
    (2) The physician who performed or who supervised the latest medical 
examination in compliance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section did not 
recommend that that person be excluded from areas where personal 
exposure may exceed the action level;
    (3) All respirators and personal protective clothing and equipment 
that will be used by that person while on the vessel meet the 
requirements of Sec. 197.550(b) and Sec. 197.555(c) or of 29 CFR 
1910.1028; and
    (4) All respirators that will be used by that person while on the 
vessel have been fitted and fit tested in accordance with Sec. 197.550 
(c) and (d) or with 29 CFR 1910.1028.

    Note: The employer need not furnish the required respirators and 
personal protective clothing and equipment to nonemployees.

    (b) The certification required by paragraph (a) of this section must 
be in writing, list the items in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(4) of 
this section, reference 46 CFR 197.530, state the date of the 
certification, and be signed by the person making the certification. A 
sample certification form is contained in appendix F of this subpart.
    (c) Before the nonemployee making the certification engages in a 
benzene operation on a vessel, that person or a representative of the 
entity which employs that person must show a copy of the certification 
to the person in charge of the vessel and the person in charge must 
examine the certification to ensure compliance with the requirements of 
this section.

[[Page 400]]



Sec. 197.535  Regulated areas.

    (a) Based on the employer's evaluation of the environmental 
monitoring, whenever the airborne concentration of benzene within an 
area exceeds or reasonably can be expected to exceed the permissible 
exposure limits, the person in charge shall mark the area as a regulated 
area.
    (b) The person in charge shall restrict access to regulated areas to 
authorized persons wearing an appropriate respirator in compliance with 
Sec. 197.550 and the personal protective clothing and equipment in 
compliance with Sec. 197.555. The person in charge shall not allow any 
person to enter a regulated area without another individual in the 
vicinity to perform rescue or call for help. The second individual must 
maintain communication with the one entering the regulated area or keep 
that individual in sight. Also, the second individual must be located at 
the point of access during confined space entry.
    (c) The boundaries of regulated areas must be indicated by 
barricades, other devices, or by painted areas on the vessel. A sign 
bearing the following legend in letters at least three inches high 
(except for the words ``DANGER--BENZENE'', which must be printed in 
letters at least 50 percent larger than the other words) must be posted 
at each access to the regulated areas:

                             DANGER--BENZENE

                             REGULATED AREA

                          CANCER CAUSING AGENT

                          FLAMMABLE--NO SMOKING

                        AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY

                           RESPIRATOR REQUIRED



Sec. 197.540  Determination of personal exposure.

    (a) General. (1) The employer shall ensure that one or more persons 
in each type of operation conducted on the vessel which involves the 
handling of or potential exposure to benzene are monitored. The 
monitoring must be conducted so as to determine the representative 
personal exposure of all persons engaged in each particular operation 
involving benzene. Monitoring one vessel of a class is sufficient for 
all vessels of that class provided the procedures, equipment, work 
practices, cargo, and control equipment are substantially the same.
    (2) For long duration operations, such as cargo loading or tank 
entry, the persons monitored must be monitored to determine the 
representative TWA for all persons engaged in the operation. The 
monitoring must be based on breathing zone air samples taken for the 
duration of the operation or for eight hours, whichever is less.
    (3) For short duration operations, such as tank gauging or hose 
connection and disconnection, the persons monitored must be monitored to 
determine the representative short term exposure level for all persons 
engaged in the operation. The monitoring must be based on 15 minute 
breathing zone air samples. Brief period measuring devices may be used 
to determine whether monitoring for the short term exposure level is 
needed.
    (4) If cargoes with different benzene concentrations are being 
carried on the vessel, an operation involving the lower concentration 
cargoes need not be monitored if the same type of operation involving 
the highest concentration cargo is monitored and found to be below the 
action level.
    (5) Initial monitoring must be conducted during weather conditions 
typical in the geographic area and during the time of day the operation 
is normally conducted. If the benzene level is above half the action 
level for the operation, additional monitoring must be conducted under 
those weather conditions that will maximize benzene exposure, such as 
low wind, stable air, and high temperature.
    (6) The monitoring method used must be accurate to a confidence 
level of 95 percent to within plus or minus 25 percent for airborne 
concentrations of benzene equal to or greater than 0.5 ppm.
    (b) Initial exposure monitoring. Before April 15, 1992 or when 
benzene is first loaded as cargo on board the vessel an initial 
monitoring of each type of operation must be conducted to determine 
accurately the representative personal exposure of persons involved in 
the operation. If an initial monitoring of the

[[Page 401]]

operation has been conducted since September 1987 and the monitoring 
procedure used met or exceeded the requirements of this section, that 
monitoring satisfies the requirements of this paragraph.
    (c) Periodic exposure monitoring. The monitoring must be repeated 
each July or August if benzene containing cargoes are carried during 
those months; monitoring must be conducted under those weather 
conditions that will maximize benzene exposure, such as low wind, stable 
air, and high temperature. If benzene containing cargoes are not carried 
during those months, monitoring must be conducted at the time of 
carriage nearest those months; monitoring must be conducted under those 
weather conditions that will maximize benzene exposure, such as low 
wind, stable air, and high temperature.
    (d) Additional exposure monitoring. (1) Monitoring in compliance 
with paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section must be repeated for the 
operation when there has been a change in the procedure, equipment, or 
work practices of the operation which may increase personal exposure or 
whenever the employer or person in charge has any reason to suspect that 
personal exposure has increased.
    (2) Whenever emergencies occur that may increase personal exposure, 
operations affected by the emergency must be monitored using area or 
personal sampling after the spill is cleaned up or the leak, rupture, or 
other breakdown is repaired to determine when personal exposure has 
returned to the level that existed before the emergency. There must be 
monitoring equipment aboard each ship.
    (3) For those cases in which the benzene exposure can vary 
significantly over the year, the personnel exposure reduction plan can 
reflect this variation in time if both initial and periodic exposure 
monitoring are conducted at those times. There must be sufficient 
monitoring to quantitatively justify differences in the exposure 
reduction program over the course of the year. The exposure monitoring 
must be conducted under those weather conditions that will maximize 
benzene exposure, such as low wind, stable air, and high temperature.
    (4) The Coast Guard may require additional monitoring upon 
reasonable belief that the PEL's are being exceeded.
    (e) Notification of exposure monitoring results. (1) Within 60 
working days after the receipt of the results of monitoring in 
compliance with this section, each person involved in the operation 
monitored must be given written notice of the results, either by 
separate letter or by notice posted in a location accessible to all 
persons involved.
    (2) If the results indicate that the PELs were exceeded, the written 
notice required by paragraph (e)(1) of this section must state, or refer 
to a document available to the persons involved which states, the 
corrective action to be taken to reduce the personal exposure to or 
below the PELs.

[CGD 88-040, 56 FR 52135, Oct. 17, 1991; 56 FR 65006, Dec. 13, 1991]



Sec. 197.545  Program to reduce personal exposure.

    (a) When personal exposure for an operation is over the applicable 
PEL as determined in compliance with Sec. 197.540, the employer shall 
develop and implement, within 60 working days of the date of that 
determination, a written program detailing the corrective actions that 
will be taken to reduce personal exposure to or below the PEL's. The 
written program must include a timeframe for implementing the corrective 
actions to be taken.
    (b) Corrective actions in compliance with paragraph (a) of this 
section may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the 
following:
    (1) Engineering controls (e.g. vapor control or recovery systems, 
closed loading systems, or controlled venting systems);
    (2) Revised work practices; or
    (3) Respirators in compliance with Sec. 197.550 and personal 
protective clothing and equipment in compliance with Sec. 197.555.
    (c) Whenever the exposure monitoring data show a significant 
increase in personnel exposure, the program must be revised to reflect 
the new data.
    (d) Each person involved in the operation must be notified that a 
written program detailing corrective actions is available upon request.

[[Page 402]]

    (e) A copy of the written program must be furnished upon request to 
the Coast Guard.



Sec. 197.550  Respiratory protection.

    (a) General. When the use of respirators in compliance with this 
section and the personal protective clothing and equipment in compliance 
with Sec. 197.555 is chosen as the method or one of the methods in 
compliance with Sec. 197.545 to be used in meeting the performance 
standard, the respirators used must be selected and fitted according to 
this section.
    (b) Respirator selection. (1) The respirator must be approved by the 
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) in compliance with 30 CFR 
part 11. When filter elements are used, they must include MSHA approval 
for organic vapors or benzene.
    (2) The employer shall provide affected employees with the 
appropriate respirators without charge and ensure that the respirators 
are used properly. Any employee determined by the testing physician as 
being unable to wear negative pressure respirators, who continues to be 
subject to exposure over the PEL, must be given the option of wearing a 
respirator with less breathing resistance, such as a powered air-
purifying respirator or a supplied air respirator.
    (3) Electrically powered respiratory protective equipment must meet 
the electrical engineering requirements in subchapter J of this chapter 
and the electrical equipment requirements in part 151, table 151.05, and 
part 153, table 1, of this chapter.
    (4) The type of respirator provided must be a type specified in 
table 197.550(b) of this section that is appropriate for the exposure.

          Table 197.550(b).--Respiratory Protection for Benzene         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Airborne concentration of benzene or                                 
             condition of use                      Respirator type      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Up to 10 times the TWA....................  (1) Half-mask air-purifying 
                                             respirator with organic    
                                             vapor cartridges.          
Up to 50 times the TWA....................  (1) Full facepiece          
                                             respirator with organic    
                                             vapor cartridges.          
                                            (2) Full facepiece gas mask 
                                             with chin style            
                                             canister.\1\               
Up to 100 times the TWA...................  (1) Full facepiece powered  
                                             air purifying respirator   
                                             with organic vapor         
                                             canister.\1\               
Up to 1,000 times the TWA.................  (1) Supplied air respirator 
                                             with full facepiece in     
                                             positive-pressure mode.    
 More than 1,000 times the TWA or unknown   (1) Self-contained breathing
               concentration.                apparatus with full        
                                             facepiece in positive      
                                             pressure mode.             
                                            (2) Full facepiece positive-
                                             pressure supplied-air      
                                             respirator with auxiliary  
                                             self-contained air supply. 
Escape....................................  (1) Any organic vapor gas   
                                             mask.                      
                                            (2) Any self-contained      
                                             breathing apparatus with   
                                             full facepiece             
Fire fighting.............................  (1) Full facepiece self-    
                                             contained breathing        
                                             apparatus in positive      
                                             pressure mode.             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Canisters for non-powered air purifying respirators must have a     
  minimum service life of four hours when tested at 150 ppm benzene, at 
  a flow rate of 64 liters/minute at 25 deg.C and 85% relative humidity.
  Canisters for powered air-purifying respirators must have a flow rate 
  of 115 liters/minute (for tight fitting respirators) or 170 liters/   
  minute (for loose fitting respirators).                               

    (c) Respirator fit testing. (1) Before the person is permitted to 
use a respirator selected and fitted in compliance with this section, 
the person must undergo an Initial Fit Test (IFT) and either a 
Qualitative Fit Test (QLFT) or a Quantitative Fit Test (QNFT), in 
compliance with Appendix E of this subpart, using the respirator fitted. 
If a negative pressure respirator is used, the QLFT or QNFT must be 
repeated at least once a year thereafter.
    (2) The objective of the tests is to identify for the person a 
respirator which minimizes the chance of leakage.
    (3) The person conducting the tests required by paragraph (c)(1) of 
this section must understand the purpose of these tests and how to 
perform them.
    (4) The person conducting the tests required by paragraph (c)(1) of 
this section must certify the results by signing the test report.
    (d) Respirator fitting. (1) Employees who are being fitted for 
respirators must be trained in the methods for properly fitting a 
respirator and informed of the factors which may affect a proper fit, 
such as beards, sideburns, dentures, eyeglasses, and goggles, and that 
an unobstructed sealing surface is

[[Page 403]]

critical in fitting a respirator. (See appendix E of this subpart).
    (2) For employees requiring eye glasses, corrective lenses should be 
fitted to the respirator faceplate. As a temporary measure, glasses with 
short temple bars may be taped to the wearer's head. Contact lenses 
other than soft lenses or gas permeable lenses must not be worn with 
respirators.
    (e) Respirator use. Persons wearing a respirator in a regulated area 
must be permitted to leave the regulated area to wash their face and 
respirator facepiece, as necessary, in order to prevent skin irritation 
associated with respirator use or, if an air-purifying respirator is 
used, to change the filter elements whenever the person wearing the 
respirator detects a change in breathing resistance or a chemical vapor 
breakthrough.
    (f) Respirator inspection. Respirators must be inspected in 
accordance with ANSI Z88.2--1980, section 8.
    (g) Respirator maintenance. (1) Respirators must be maintained in 
accordance with ANSI Z88.2--1980, section 8.
    (2) During respirator cleaning, the rubber or elastomer parts of the 
respirator must be stretched and manipulated with a massaging action to 
keep the parts pliable and flexible and to keep the parts from taking a 
set during storage.
    (3) The air purifying element of air-purifying respirators must be 
replaced when the employee detects breakthrough or after a period not to 
exceed eight hours, which ever comes first. The element must also be 
replaced at the start of each shift. An air purifying element with an 
end of useful life indicator approved by MSHA or NIOSH for benzene may 
be used until the indicator indicates end of useful life even if this 
exceeds eight hours.
    (h) Respirator storage. Respirators must be stored in accordance 
with ANSI Z88.2--1980, section 8.



Sec. 197.555  Personal protective clothing and equipment.

    (a) When the use of respirators in compliance with Sec. 197.550 and 
the personal protective clothing and equipment in compliance with this 
section is chosen as the method or one of the methods required by 
Sec. 197.545 to be used in meeting the performance standard, the 
clothing and equipment must meet the requirements of this section.
    (b) The employer shall provide employees with the necessary personal 
protective clothing and equipment without charge and shall ensure that 
the clothing and equipment are worn or used properly.
    (c) Employees must be provided with coveralls or a large apron, 
boots, gloves, and, if necessary, tight-fitting eye goggles to limit 
dermal exposure to, and prevent eye contact with, liquid benzene.



Sec. 197.560  Medical surveillance.

    (a) General. (1) The employer must provide, and the employees must 
submit to, the medical surveillance examinations for employees, as 
required by this section.
    (2) All medical surveillance procedures in compliance with this 
section, other than the pulmonary function test of paragraph (b)(5)(v) 
of this section and all laboratory tests, must be performed by, or under 
the supervision of, a licensed physician.
    (3) The pulmonary function test of paragraph (b)(5)(v) of this 
section must be administered by a licensed physician or by a person who 
has completed a training course in spirometry sponsored by a 
governmental, academic, or professional institution.
    (4) All laboratory tests must be conducted by a laboratory 
accredited by an accrediting organization acceptable to the Commandant.
    (b) Initial medical examination. (1) Within March 14, 1992 the 
employer shall make available to the employees listed in paragraph 
(b)(2)(i) of this section an initial medical examination. Within six 
months all initial medical examinations must be completed, including 
those for the employees listed in paragraph (b)(2)(ii), and each 
employee notified of the results of that employee's examination.
    (2) The initial medical examination must be made available to the 
following employees before they are permitted to enter or continue 
working in a workplace in which they will be or may be exposed to 
benzene:
    (i) Employees who were exposed to more than 10 ppm of benzene as an

[[Page 404]]

eight-hour TWA on at least 30 calendar days during the year before 
January 15, 1992 and who were employed by their present employer during 
each of the 30 days.
    (ii) Employees, other than employees defined in paragraph (b)(2)(i) 
of this section, who may reasonably be expected to be exposed to benzene 
at or above the action level on at least 30 calendar days, or at a level 
above a PEL on at least 10 calendar days, during the coming year.
    (3) Exposure to benzene, as referred to in paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section, means any exposure to benzene, whether or not at the time of 
the exposure, the employee was or will be wearing an appropriate 
respirator in compliance with Sec. 197.550 and the personal protective 
clothing and equipment in compliance with Sec. 197.555.
    (4) An initial medical examination is not required if the employer 
or employee has adequate records showing that the employee has had, 
within one year, an examination meeting the requirements of paragraph 
(b)(5) of this section.
    (5) The initial medical examination must include at least the 
following elements:
    (i) A detailed occupational history which includes a history of past 
work exposure to benzene or any other hematological toxin, a family 
history of blood dyscrasias including hematological neoplasms, a history 
of blood dyscrasias including genetic hemoglobin abnormalities, bleeding 
abnormalities, and abnormal functions of formed blood elements, a 
history of renal or liver dysfunction, a history of medicinal drugs 
routinely taken, a history of previous exposure to ionizing radiation, 
and a history of exposure to marrow toxins outside of the employee's 
current work situation. The employee must provide to the examining 
physician as complete an occupational history as possible for the period 
prior to the current employment.
    (ii) A complete physical examination.
    (iii) A complete blood count, including a leukocyte count, with 
differential, quantitative thrombocyte count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, 
erythrocyte count. and erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC). The results 
of these tests must be reviewed by the examining physician.
    (iv) As determined necessary by the examining physician, additional 
tests based on alterations to the components of the blood or other signs 
which may be related to benzene exposure.
    (v) For employees required to wear respirators for at least 30 days 
a year, a pulmonary function test.
    (c) Periodic medical examinations. (1) The employer shall ensure 
that no one performs a benzene operation exceeding the level criteria of 
paragraph (b)(2) of this section without having undergone an initial 
medical examination and periodic medical examinations yearly thereafter. 
Also, those who in the previous year have performed benzene operations 
exceeding the level criteria of paragraph (b)(2) of this section shall 
undergo a periodic medical examination even if they will not perform 
benzene operations in the current year. Periodic examinations must 
include, at least, the following elements:
    (i) A brief history regarding new exposure to potential marrow 
toxins, changes in medicinal drug use, and the appearance of physical 
signs relating to blood disorders.
    (ii) A complete blood count, including a leukocyte count with 
differential, quantitative thrombocyte count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, 
erythrocyte count, and erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC). The results 
of these tests must be reviewed by the examining physician.
    (iii) As determined necessary by the examining physician, additional 
tests based on alterations to the components of the blood or other signs 
which may be related to benzene exposure.
    (2) If the employee develops signs and symptoms commonly associated 
with toxic exposure to benzene, the employee must be provided with an 
additional medical examination which includes those elements considered 
appropriate by the examining physician.
    (3) For employees required to use respirators for at least 30 days a 
year, a pulmonary function test must be performed, and specific 
evaluation of the cardiopulmonary system must be made, at least every 
three years.
    (d) Additional examinations and referrals. (1) If the results of the 
complete

[[Page 405]]

blood count laboratory test required for the initial or periodic medical 
examination indicate that any of the following abnormal conditions 
exist, the blood count must be retaken within four weeks:
    (i) The hemoglobin or the hematocrit falls below the normal limit 
(outside the 95% confidence interval (C.I.)), as determined by the 
laboratory, or the hemoglobin or hematocrit shows a persistent downward 
trend from the employee's pre-exposure norms, if these findings can not 
be explained by other medical reasons.
    (ii) The thrombocyte count varies more than 20 percent below the 
employee's most recent values or falls outside the normal limit (95% 
C.I.), as determined by the laboratory.
    (iii) The leukocyte count is below 4,000 per cubic millimeter or 
there is an abnormal differential count.
    (2) If the abnormal conditions persist, the employee must be 
referred by the examining physician to a hematologist or an internist 
for further evaluation, unless the physician has good reason to believe 
that the referral is unnecessary. (See appendix C of this subpart for 
examples of conditions in which referrals may be unnecessary.)
    (3) The hematologist or internist must be provided with the 
information provided to the physician in compliance with paragraph (f) 
of this section and with the medical record in compliance with 
Sec. 197.570(b).
    (4) If the hematologist or internist determines that additional 
tests are needed, the employer shall ensure that these additional tests 
are provided. These test must be completed in thirty days, whether or 
not the employee continues to perform benzene operations.
    (e) Emergency medical examinations. (1) Whenever an employee is 
exposed to benzene resulting from an emergency, a sample of that 
employee's urine must be taken at the end of the employee's shift and a 
urinary phenol test must be performed on the sample within 72 hours. 
Where due to unavoidable circumstances the sample can not be tested by a 
laboratory within 72 hours of exposure, the sample shall be frozen until 
it can be delivered to the laboratory. The specific gravity of the urine 
must be corrected to 1.024. Since certain foods and medications can 
result in elevated phenol levels, the employee must provide the 
physician with a dietary and medication history.
    (2) If the result of the urinary phenol test is below 75 mg phenol/l 
of urine, no further testing is required.
    (3) If the result of the urinary phenol test is equal to or greater 
than 75 mg phenol/l of urine, the employee's complete blood count 
including an erythrocyte count, a leukocyte count with differential, and 
a thrombocyte count must be taken at monthly intervals for a duration of 
three months following the emergency.
    (4) If any of the conditions specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this 
section exists, the additional examinations and referrals specified in 
paragraph (d) of this section must be performed and the employee must be 
provided with periodic medical examinations, if any are recommended by 
the examining physician.
    (f) Information provided to the physician. The following information 
must be provided to the examining physician:
    (1) A copy of this subpart and its appendices.
    (2) A description of the affected employee's duties as they relate 
to the employee's exposure.
    (3) The employee's actual or representative exposure level.
    (4) A description of the respirator and personal protective clothing 
and equipment used or to be used, if any.
    (5) Records of all previous employment-related medical examinations 
of the affected employee which were conducted while in the employ of the 
current employer and which have not been provided to the examining 
physician.
    (g) Physician's written opinion. (1) The employer shall ensure that, 
within 45 days of each examination required by this section, the 
employer and the employee must be provided with a copy of the examining 
physician's written opinion of the examination.
    (2) The written opinion must contain at least the following 
information:
    (i) The occupationally pertinent results of the medical examination 
and tests.
    (ii) All medical conditions, if any, of the employee which the 
examining

[[Page 406]]

physician believes would subject the employee to a greater than normal 
risk of material impairment of health if the employee is exposed again 
to benzene.
    (iii) The examining physician's recommended limitations, if any, 
upon the employee's future exposure to benzene or use of respirators or 
other personal protective clothing or equipment.
    (iv) A statement that the employee has been informed by the 
physician of the results of the medical examination and of all medical 
conditions of the employee resulting from benzene exposure which require 
further explanation or treatment.
    (3) The physician's written opinion must not reveal specific 
records, findings, or diagnoses that have no bearing on the employee's 
ability to work in a benzene-exposed workplace, ability to use a 
respirator, or ability to use personal protective clothing or equipment.
    (h) Removal from exposure. (1) From the time an employee is referred 
to a hematologist or internist in compliance with paragraph (d)(2) of 
this section, the employee must not be permitted to enter areas where 
personal exposure may exceed the action level until the physician 
determines in compliance with paragraph (h)(2) of this section that the 
employee again may enter those areas.
    (2) After examination by and consultation with the hematologist or 
internist, the examining physician decides whether or not to permit the 
employee to enter areas where personal exposure may exceed the action 
level. The employee must provide the employer with a written copy of the 
physician's decision signed by the physician. If the decision recommends 
that the employee not be permitted to enter those areas, the decision 
must include the examining physician's opinion as to when the employee 
may be permitted to reenter those areas and the requirements for future 
medical examinations to review the decision.
    (3) Within six months of the date a decision in compliance with 
paragraph (h)(2) of this section not to permit reentry is made, the 
employee must be provided with a follow-up examination and a decision of 
the examining physician (based on the follow-up examination and 
consultation with a hematologist or internist) as to whether reentry 
should be permitted and, if so, when, or whether it should be 
permanently prohibited.

[CGD 88-040, 56 FR 52135, Oct. 17, 1991; 56 FR 65006, Dec. 13, 1991]



Sec. 197.565  Notifying personnel of benzene hazards.

    (a) Material safety data sheet. A material safety data sheet (MSDS) 
addressing benzene must be made available to all persons involved in the 
benzene operation. The MSDS must describe the physical and chemical 
characteristics, physical and health hazards, permissible exposure 
limits, precautions for safe handling and use, control measures such as 
personal protection equipment, and first aid procedures for benzene. A 
copy of appendices A and B of this subpart or a MSDS on benzene meeting 
the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.1200(g) is sufficient.
    (b) Training. (1) All employees must be provided with training at 
the time of their initial assignment to a work area where benzene is 
present and, if exposures are above the action level, at least once a 
year thereafter. Employees transferring to a new work area must be 
provided with training specific to that new work area.
    (2) The training must provide information on--
    (i) Which operations on the vessel involve or may involve exposure 
to benzene;
    (ii) The methods and observations that may be used to detect the 
presence or release of benzene;
    (iii) The physical and health hazards associated with exposure to 
benzene;
    (iv) The measures that may be taken and the equipment that may be 
used to protect persons from the hazards of benzene exposure;
    (v) The proper selection, fitting, fit testing, and use of personal 
protective equipment in emergency situations;
    (vi) The meaning of a regulated area and the means specified in 
Sec. 197.535(c) to indicate a regulated area;
    (vii) The contents of this subpart and of appendices A through E of 
this subpart and on where copies of this material are available; and

[[Page 407]]

    (viii) The medical surveillance program specified in Sec. 197.560.



Sec. 197.570  Recordkeeping.

    (a) Record of personal exposure monitoring. (1) The employer shall 
maintain an accurate record of all monitoring conducted in compliances 
with Sec. 197.540 for three years.
    (2) The record must include--
    (i) The dates, number, duration, and results of each sample taken, 
and a description of the procedure used to determine representative 
personal exposures;
    (ii) A description of the sampling and analytical methods used;
    (iii) A description of the type of respirator and personal 
protective clothing and equipment worn, if any; and
    (iv) The name, social security number, and job classification of 
each person monitored and of all other persons whose exposure the 
monitoring is intended to represent; and
    (v) The exposure levels to which monitored persons were subjected, 
even if this level is below the PEL.
    (b) Medical record. (1) The employer shall maintain an accurate 
medical record for each employee subjected to medical surveillance 
specified in Sec. 197.560 for three years after the employee's 
employment is terminated.
    (2) The record must include--
    (i) The name and social security number of the employee;
    (ii) The physician's written opinion on the initial, periodic, and 
special examinations of the employee, including the results of medical 
examinations and tests and all opinions and recommendations;
    (iii) A list of medical complaints, if any, by the employee related 
to exposure to benzene;
    (iv) A copy of the information provided to the physician required in 
Sec. 197.560(f)(2) through (f)(5); and
    (v) A copy of the employee's medical and work history related to 
exposure to benzene or other hematologic toxin.
    (c) Availability of records. (1) All records required to be 
maintained by this section must be made available upon request to the 
Coast Guard.
    (2) Records of personal exposure monitoring in compliance with (a) 
of this section must be provided upon request to persons involved in the 
operation.
    (3) A copy of each item entered into the medical record in 
compliance with paragraph (b) of this section for a particular employee 
must be given to that employee at the time the item is entered into the 
medical record.
    (4) Medical records required by paragraph (b) of this section must 
be provided to persons upon the written request of the subject employee.
    (d) Transfer of records. (1) If the employer ceases to do business 
and there is no successor to receive and retain the records for the 
prescribed period, the employer shall make the best effort to transfer 
all records required in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section relating 
to the affected employees to those employees for their disposition. 
Before transferring medical records to former employees, the employer 
shall determine whether any forwarding address provided by the employee 
is still valid and whether the employee desires the records. If a 
current or former employee refuses to accept the records or does not 
respond to notification of their availability, the records shall be 
destroyed.
    (2) If the employer ceases to engage in operations involving 
benzene, the employer shall retain the records for inspection unless the 
employee requests them as provided in Sec. 197.570(c).
    (e) Confidentiality of records. Except as specifically required by 
this Subpart, the employer shall keep confidential all records required 
to be maintained by this Subpart.



Sec. 197.575  Observation of monitoring.

    (a) Persons involved in benzene operations or their representatives 
must be provided with an opportunity to observe all monitoring in 
compliance with Sec. 197.540. Coast Guard officials may also observe all 
monitoring in compliance with Sec. 197.540.
    (b) When observation of monitoring requires entry into regulated 
areas, the observers shall use respirator and personal protective 
clothing and equipment approved in compliance with this subpart and 
comply with Sec. 197.530.

[[Page 408]]



Sec. 197.580  Appendices.

    (a) Appendices A through D and F of this subpart contain technical 
information on benzene and its effects and provide guidance for medical 
surveillance, monitoring, and measuring. The appendices are 
informational and advisory and do not create mandatory requirements.
    (b) Appendix E of this subpart contains tests and procedures for 
fitting respirators. As required by Sec. 197.550(d)(1), compliance with 
appendix E of this subpart is mandatory.

  Appendix A to Subpart C--Sample Substance Safety Data Sheet, Benzene

                       I. Substance Identification

    (a) Substance: Benzene.
    (b) Performance standard exposure limits:
    (1) Airborne: The maximum time-weighted average (TWA) exposure limit 
is one part of benzene vapor per million parts of air (one ppm) for an 
eight-hour workday and the maximum short-term exposure limit (STEL) is 
five ppm for any 15-minute period.
    (2) Dermal: Eye contact must be prevented and skin contact with 
liquid benzene must be limited.
    (c) Appearance and odor: Benzene is a clear, colorless liquid with a 
pleasant, sweet odor. The odor of benzene does not provide adequate 
warning of its hazard.

                         II. Health Hazard Data

    (a) Ways in which benzene affects your health. Benzene can affect 
your health if you inhale it or if it comes in contact with your skin or 
eyes. Benzene is also harmful if you swallow it.
    (b) Effects of overexposure. (1) Short-term (acute) overexposure: If 
you are overexposed to high concentrations of benzene, well above the 
levels where its odor is first recognizable, you may feel breathless, 
irritable, euphoric, or giddy and you may experience irritation in your 
eyes, nose, and respiratory tract. You may develop a headache, feel 
dizzy, nauseated, or intoxicated. Severe exposures may lead to 
convulsions and loss of consciousness.
    (2) Long-term (chronic) exposure: Repeated or prolonged exposure to 
benzene, even at relatively low concentrations, may result in various 
blood disorders ranging from anemia to leukemia, an irreversible, fatal 
disease. Many blood disorders associated with benzene exposure may occur 
without symptoms.

                 III. Protective Clothing and Equipment

    (a) Respirators. Respirators are required for those operations in 
which engineering controls or work practice controls are not feasible 
for reducing exposure to the permissible level or are not chosen as the 
method of complying with the performance standard. If respirators are 
worn, they must have joint Mine Safety and Health Administration and the 
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) seal of 
approval. Cartridges or canisters must be replaced before the end of 
their service life, or the end of the shift, whichever occurs first. If 
you experience difficulty breathing while wearing a respirator, you may 
request a positive pressure respirator from your employer. You must be 
thoroughly trained to use the assigned respirator, and the training will 
be provided by your employer.
    (b) Protective clothing. You must wear appropriate protective 
clothing (such as boots, gloves, sleeves, and aprons) over any parts of 
your body that could be exposed to liquid benzene.
    (c) Eye and face protection. You must wear splash-proof safety 
goggles if it is possible that benzene may get into your eyes. In 
addition, you must wear a face shield if your face could be splashed 
with benzene liquid.

                 IV. Emergency and First Aid Procedures

    (a) Eye and face exposure. If benzene is splashed in your eyes, wash 
it out immediately with large amounts of water. If irritation persists 
or vision appears to be affected, see a doctor as soon as possible.
    (b) Skin exposure. If benzene is spilled on your clothing or skin, 
remove the contaminated clothing and wash the exposed skin with large 
amounts of water and soap immediately. Wash contaminated clothing before 
you wear it again.
    (c) Breathing. If you or any other person breathes in large amounts 
of benzene, get the exposed person to fresh air at once. Apply 
artificial respiration if breathing has stopped. Call for medical 
assistance or a doctor as soon as possible. Never enter any vessel or 
confined space where the benzene concentration might be high without 
proper safety equipment and with at least one other person present who 
will stay outside. A life line should be used.
    (d) Swallowing. If benzene has been swallowed and the subject is 
conscious, do not induce vomiting. Call for medical assistance or a 
doctor immediately.

                         V. Medical Requirements

    If you will be exposed to benzene at a concentration at or above 0.5 
ppm as an eight-hour time-weighted average or have been exposed at or 
above 10 ppm in the past while

[[Page 409]]

employed by your current employer, your employer may be required by 46 
CFR 197.560 to provide a medical examination and history and laboratory 
tests. These tests must be provided without cost to you. In addition, if 
you are accidentally exposed to benzene (either by ingestion, 
inhalation, or skin/eye contact) under emergency conditions known or 
suspected to constitute a toxic exposure to benzene, your employer is 
required to make special laboratory tests available to you.

                      VI. Observation of Monitoring

    The employer is required to conduct monitoring that is 
representative of your exposure to benzene, and you or your designated 
representative are entitled to observe the monitoring procedure. You are 
entitled to observe the steps taken in the measurement procedure and to 
record the results obtained. When the monitoring procedure is taking 
place in an area where respirators or personal protective clothing and 
equipment are required to be worn, you or your representative must wear 
the protective clothing and equipment (See 46 CFR 197.575.)

                         VII. Access to Records

    You or your representative may see the records of monitoring of your 
exposure to benzene upon written request to your employer. Your medical 
examination records may be furnished to you, your physician, or a 
representative designated by you. (See 46 CFR 197.570(c).)

          VIII. Precautions for Safe Use, Handling, and Storage

    Benzene liquid is highly flammable. Benzene vapor may form explosive 
mixtures in air. All sources of ignition must be controlled. Use non-
sparking tools when opening or closing benzene containers. Fire 
extinguishers, where required, must be readily available. Know where 
they are located and how to operate them. Smoking is prohibited in areas 
where benzene is used or stored.

    Appendix B to Subpart C--Substance Technical Guidelines, Benzene

                      I. Physical and Chemical Data

    (a) Substance identification. (1) Synonyms: Benzol, benzole, coal 
naphtha, cyclohexatriene, phene, phenyl hydride, pyrobenzol. (Benzin, 
petroleum benzin, and benzine do not contain benzene).
    (2) Formula: C6H6 (CAS Registry Number: 71-43-2).
    (b) Physical data. (1) Boiling point (760 mm Hg): 80.1  deg.C (176 
deg.F).
    (2) Specific gravity (water = 1): 0.879.
    (3) Vapor density (air = 1): 2.7.
    (4) Melting point: 5.5  deg.C (42  deg.F).
    (5) Vapor pressure at 20  deg.C (68  deg.F): 75 mm Hg.
    (6) Solubility in water: .06%.
    (7) Evaporation rate (ether = 1): 2.8.
    (8) Appearance and odor: Clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive 
sweet odor.

             II. Fire, Explosion, and Reactivity Hazard Data

    (a) Fire. (1) Flash point (closed cup): -11  deg.C (12  deg.F).
    (2) Autoignition temperature: 580  deg.C (1076  deg.F).
    (3) Flammable limits in air, % by volume: Lower: 1.3%, Upper: 7.5%.
    (4) Extinguishing media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or foam.
    (5) Special fire fighting procedures: Do not use a solid stream of 
water, because it will scatter and spread the fire. Fine water spray may 
be used to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
    (6) Unusual fire and explosion hazards: Benzene is a flammable 
liquid. Its vapors can form explosive mixtures. All ignition sources 
must be controlled when benzene is used, handled, or stored. Areas where 
liquid or vapor may be released are considered hazardous locations. 
Benzene vapors are heavier than air. Thus, benzene vapors may travel 
along the deck and ground and be ignited by open flames or sparks at 
locations remote from the site at which benzene is handled.
    (7) Benzene is classified as a flammable liquid for the purpose of 
conforming to the requirements of 49 CFR 172.101 concerning the 
designation of materials as hazardous materials. Locations where benzene 
may be present in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or 
ignitable mixtures are considered Class I Group D locations for the 
purposes of conforming to the requirements of 46 CFR parts 30 through 
40, 151, and 153 when determining the requirements for electrical 
equipment as specified in Subchapter J (Electrical engineering).
    (b) Reactivity. (1) Conditions contributing to instability: Heat.
    (2) Incompatibility: Heat and oxidizing materials.
    (3) Hazardous decomposition products: Toxic gases and vapors (such 
as carbon monoxide).

                     III. Spill and Leak Procedures

    (a) Steps to be taken if the material is released or spilled. As 
much benzene as possible should be absorbed with suitable materials, 
such as dry sand or earth. That remaining must be flushed with large 
amounts of water. Do not flush benzene into a confined space, such as a 
sewer, because of explosion danger. Remove all ignition sources. 
Ventilate enclosed places.

[[Page 410]]

    (b) Waste disposal method. Disposal methods must conform to state 
and local regulations. If allowed, benzene may be disposed of (a) by 
absorbing it in dry sand or earth and disposing in a sanitary landfill, 
(b), if in small quantities, by removing it to a safe location away from 
buildings or other combustible sources or by pouring onto dry sand or 
earth and cautiously igniting it, and (c), if in large quantities, by 
atomizing it in a suitable combustion chamber.

  Appendix C to Subpart C--Medical Surveillance Guidelines for Benzene

                            I. Route of Entry

    Inhalation; skin absorption.

                             II. Toxicology

    Benzene is primarily an inhalation hazard. Systemic absorption may 
cause depression of the hematopoietic system, pancytopenia, aplastic 
anemia, and leukemia. Inhalation of high concentrations may affect the 
functioning of the central nervous system. Aspiration of small amounts 
of liquid benzene immediately causes pulmonary edema and hemorrhage of 
pulmonary tissue. There is some absorption through the skin. Absorption 
may be more rapid in the case of abraded skin or if it is present in a 
mixture or as a contaminant in solvents which are readily absorbed. The 
defatting action of benzene may produce primary irritation due to 
repeated or prolonged contact with the skin. High concentrations are 
irritating to the eyes and the mucous membranes of the nose and 
respiratory tract.

                         III. Signs and Symptoms

    Direct skin contact with benzene may cause erythema. Repeated or 
prolonged contact may result in drying, scaling dermatitis or 
development of secondary skin infections. In addition, benzene is 
absorbed through the skin. Local effects of benzene vapor or liquid on 
the eye are slight. Only at very high concentrations is there any 
smarting sensation in the eye. Inhalation of high concentrations of 
benzene may have an initial stimulatory effect on the central nervous 
system characterized by exhilaration, nervous excitation, or giddiness, 
followed by a period of depression, drowsiness, or fatigue. A sensation 
of tightness in the chest accompanied by breathlessness may occur and 
ultimately the victim may lose consciousness. Tremors, convulsions, and 
death may follow from respiratory paralysis or circulatory collapse in a 
few minutes to several hours following severe exposures.
    The detrimental effect on the blood-forming system of prolonged 
exposure to small quantities of benzene vapor is of extreme importance. 
The hematopoietic system is the chief target for benzene's toxic effects 
which are manifested by alterations in the levels of formed elements in 
the peripheral blood. These effects may occur at concentrations of 
benzene which may not cause irritation of mucous membranes or any 
unpleasant sensory effects. Early signs and symptoms of benzene 
morbidity are varied. Often, they are not readily noticed and are non-
specific. Complaints of headache, dizziness, and loss of appetite may 
precede or follow clinical signs. Rapid pulse and low blood pressure, in 
addition to a physical appearance of anemia, may accompany a complaint 
of shortness of breath and excessive tiredness. Bleeding from the nose, 
gums, or mucous membranes and the development of purpuric spots (small 
bruises) may occur as the condition progresses. Clinical evidence of 
leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia, singly or in combination, may 
be among the first signs.
    Bone marrow may appear normal, aplastic, or hyperplastic and may 
not, in all situations, correlate with peripheral blood forming tissues. 
Because of variations in the susceptibility to benzene morbidity, there 
is no ``typical'' blood picture. The onset of effects of prolonged 
benzene exposure may be delayed for many months or years after the 
actual exposure has ceased. Identification or correlation with benzene 
exposure must be sought out in the occupational history.

                  IV. Treatment of Acute Toxic Effects

    Remove from exposure immediately. Make sure you are adequately 
protected and do not risk being overcome by fumes. Give oxygen or 
artificial resuscitation, if indicated. Flush eyes, wash skin if 
contaminated, and remove all contaminated clothing. Symptoms of 
intoxication may persist following severe exposures. Recovery from mild 
exposures is usually rapid and complete.

              V. Surveillance and Preventive Considerations

    (a) General. The principal effects of benzene exposure addressed in 
46 CFR part 197, subpart C, appendix A, are pathological changes in the 
hematopoietic system, reflected by changes in the peripheral blood and 
manifested clinically as pancytopenia, aplastic anemia, or leukemia. 
Consequently, the medical surveillance program specified in 46 CFR 
197.560 is designed to observe, on a regular basis, blood indices for 
early signs of these effects. Although early signs of leukemia are not 
usually available, emerging diagnostic technology and innovative regimes 
are making consistent surveillance for leukemia, as well as other 
hematopoietic effects, more and more beneficial.
    Initial and periodic medical examinations must be provided as 
required in 46 CFR

[[Page 411]]

197.560. There are special provisions for medical tests in the event of 
hematologic abnormalities or emergencies.
    The blood values which require referral to a hematologist or 
internist are noted in 46 CFR 197.560(d) (i), (ii), and (iii). That 
section specifies that, if blood abnormalities persist, the employee 
must be referred unless the physician has good reason to believe that 
the referral is unnecessary. Examples of conditions that might make a 
referral unnecessary despite abnormal blood limits are iron or folate 
deficiency, menorrhagia, or blood loss due to some unrelated medical 
abnormality.
    Symptoms and signs of benzene toxicity can be non-specific. Only a 
detailed history and appropriate investigative procedures will enable a 
physician to rule out or confirm conditions that place the employee at 
increased risk. To assist the examining physician with regard to which 
laboratory tests are necessary and when to refer an employee to the 
specialist, the following guidelines have been established.
    (b) Hematology Guidelines. A minimum battery of tests is to be 
performed by strictly standardized methods.
    (1) Red cell, white cell, platelet counts, white blood cell 
differential, hematocrit, and red cell indices must be performed by an 
accredited laboratory. The normal ranges for the red cell and white cell 
counts are influenced by altitude, race, and sex and, therefore, should 
be determined by an accredited laboratory in the specific area where the 
tests are performed.
    Either a decline from an absolute normal or from an individual's 
base line to a subnormal value or a rise to a supra-normal value are 
indicative of potential toxicity, particularly if all blood parameters 
decline. The normal total white blood count is approximately 7,200/mm 
\3\ plus or minus 3,000. For cigarette smokers, the white count may be 
higher and the upper range may be 2,000 cells higher than normal for the 
laboratory. In addition, infection, allergies, and some drugs may raise 
the white cell count. The normal platelet count is approximately 250,000 
with a range of 140,000 to 400,000. Counts outside this range should be 
regarded as possible evidence of benzene toxicity.
    Certain abnormalities found through routine screening are of greater 
significance in the benzene-exposed worker and require prompt 
consultation with a specialist, namely:
    (i) Thrombocytopenia.
    (ii) A trend of decreasing white cell, red cell, or platelet indices 
in an individual over time is more worrisome than an isolated abnormal 
finding at one test time. The importance of a trend highlights the need 
to compare an individual's test results to baseline, to previous 
periodic tests, or to both.
    (iii) A constellation or pattern of abnormalities in the different 
blood indices is of more significance than a single abnormality. A low 
white count not associated with any abnormalities in other cell indices 
may be a normal statistical variation. Whereas, if the low white count 
is accompanied by decreases in the platelet and/or red cell indices, 
such a pattern is more likely to be associated with benzene toxicity and 
merits thorough investigation.
    Anemia, leukopenia, macrocytosis, or an abnormal differential white 
blood cell count should alert the physician to investigate further and 
to refer the patient if repeat tests confirm the abnormalities. If 
routine screening detects an abnormality, the follow-up tests which may 
be helpful in establishing the etiology of the abnormality are the 
peripheral blood smear and the reticulocyte count.
    The extreme range of normal for reticulocytes is 0.4 to 2.5 percent 
of the red cells. The usual range is 0.5 to 1.2 percent of the red 
cells. A decline in reticulocytes to levels of less than 0.4 percent is 
to be regarded as possible evidence of benzene toxicity requiring 
accelerated surveillance (unless another specific cause is found). An 
increase in reticulocyte levels to above 2.5 percent also may be 
consistent with, but not characteristic of, benzene toxicity.
    (2) A careful examination of the peripheral blood smear is an 
important diagnostic test. As with the reticulocyte count, the smear 
should be with fresh uncoagulated blood obtained from a needle tip 
following venipuncture or from a drop of earlobe blood (capillary 
blood). If necessary, the smear may, under certain limited conditions, 
be made from a blood sample anticoagulated with EDTA (but never with 
oxalate or heparin). When the smear is to be prepared from a specimen of 
venous blood which has been collected by a commercial 
Vacutainer type tube containing neutral EDTA, the smear should 
be made as soon as possible after the venesection. A delay of up to 12 
hours is permissible between the drawing of the blood specimen into EDTA 
and the preparation of the smear if the blood is stored at refrigerator 
(not freezing) temperature.
    (3) The minimum mandatory observations to be made from the smear are 
as follows:
    (i) The differential white blood cell count.
    (ii) Description of abnormalities in the appearance of red cells.
    (iii) Description of any abnormalities in the platelets.
    (iv) A careful search must be made of every blood smear for immature 
white cells such as band forms (in more than normal proportion, i.e., 
over ten percent of the total differential count), any number of 
metamyelocytes, myelocytes, or myeloblasts. Any nucleate or

[[Page 412]]

multinucleated red blood cells should be reported. Large ``giant'' 
platelets or fragments of megakaryocytes must be recognized.
    An increase in the proportion of band forms among the neutrophilic 
granulocytes is an abnormality deserving special mention. Such an 
increase may represent a change which should be considered as an early 
warning of benzene toxicity in the absence of other causative factors 
(most commonly infection). Likewise, the appearance of metamyelocytes, 
in the absence of another probable cause, is to be considered a possible 
indication of benzene-induced toxicity.
    An upward trend in the number of basophils, which normally do not 
exceed about 2.0 percent of the total white cells, is to be regarded as 
possible evidence of benzene toxicity. A rise in the eosinophil count is 
less specific but may indicate toxicity if the rise is above 6.0 percent 
of the total white count.
    The normal range of monocytes is from 2.0 to 8.0 percent of the 
total white count with an average of about 5.0 percent. About 20 percent 
of individuals reported to have mild but persisting abnormalities caused 
by exposure to benzene show a persistent monocytosis. The findings of a 
monocyte count which persists at more than ten to 12 percent of the 
normal white cell count (when the total count is normal) or persistence 
of an absolute monocyte count in excess of 800/mm \3\ should be regarded 
as a possible sign of benzene-induced toxicity.
    A less frequent but more serious indication of benzene toxicity is 
the finding in the peripheral blood of the so-called ``pseudo'' (or 
acquired) Pelger-Huet anomaly. In this anomaly, many, or sometimes the 
majority, of the neutrophilic granulocytes possess two round nuclear 
segments, or, less often, one or three round segments, rather than three 
normally elongated segments. When this anomaly is not hereditary, it is 
often, but not invariably, predictive of subsequent leukemia. However, 
only about two percent of patients who ultimately develop acute 
myelogenous leukemia show the acquired Pelger-Huet anomaly. Other tests 
that can be administered to investigate blood abnormalities are 
discussed below. However, these tests should be undertaken by the 
hematologist.
    An uncommon sign, which cannot be detected from the smear but can be 
elicited by a ``sucrose water test'' of peripheral blood, is transient 
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). This sign may first occur 
insidiously during a period of established aplastic anemia and may be 
followed within one to a few years by the appearance of rapidly fatal, 
acute myelogenous leukemia. Clinical detection of PNH, which occurs in 
only one or two percent of those destined to have acute myelogenous 
leukemia, may be difficult. If the ``sucrose water test'' is positive, 
the somewhat more definitive Ham test, also known as the acid-serum 
hemolysis test, may provide confirmation.
    (v) Individuals documented to have developed acute myelogenous 
leukemia years after initial exposure to benzene may have progressed 
through a preliminary phase of hematologic abnormality. In some 
instances, pancytopenia (i.e., a lowering in the counts of all 
circulating blood cells of bone marrow origin, but not to the extent 
implied by the term ``aplastic anemia'') preceded leukemia for many 
years. Depression of a single blood cell type or platelets may represent 
a harbinger of aplasia or leukemia. The finding of two or more 
cytopenias or pancytopenia in a benzene-exposed individual must be 
regarded as highly suspicious of more advanced, although still 
reversible, toxicity. Pancytopenia coupled with the appearance of 
immature cells (myelocytes, myeloblasts, erythroblasts, etc.) with 
abnormal cells (pseudo Pelger-Huet anomaly, atypical nuclear 
heterochromatin, etc.) or of unexplained elevations of white blood cells 
must be regarded as evidence of benzene overexposure, unless proved 
otherwise. Many severely aplastic patients manifested the ominous 
finding of five to ten percent myeloblasts in the marrow, occasional 
myeloblasts and myelocytes in the blood, and 20 to 30 percent monocytes. 
It is evident that isolated cytopenias, pancytopenias, and even aplastic 
anemias induced by benzene may be reversible and complete recovery has 
been reported on cessation of exposure. However, because any of these 
abnormalities is serious, the employee must immediately be removed from 
any possible exposure to benzene vapor. Certain tests may substantiate 
the employee's prospects for progression or regression. One such test 
would be an examination of the bone marrow, but the decision to perform 
a bone marrow aspiration or needle biopsy must be made by the 
hematologist.
    The findings of basophilic stippling in circulating red blood cells 
(usually found in one to five percent of red cells following marrow 
injury) and detection in the bone marrow of what are termed ``ringed 
sideroblasts'' must be taken seriously, as they have been noted in 
recent years to be premonitory signs of subsequent leukemia.
    Recently peroxidase-staining of circulating or marrow neutrophil 
granulocytes, employing benzidine dihydrochloride, have revealed the 
disappearance of, or diminution in, peroxidase in a sizable proportion 
of the granulocytes. This has been reported as an early sign of 
leukemia. However, relatively few patients have been studied to date. 
Granulocyte granules are normally strongly peroxidase positive. A steady 
decline in leukocyte alkaline phosphatase has also been reported as 
suggestive of early acute leukemia. Exposure to benzene may cause an 
early

[[Page 413]]

rise in serum iron, often but not always associated with a fall in the 
reticulocyte count. Thus, serial measurements of serum iron levels may 
provide a means of determining whether or not there is a trend 
representing sustained suppression of erythropoiesis.
    Measurement of serum iron and determination of peroxidase and of 
alkaline phosphatase activity in peripheral granulocytes can be 
performed in most pathology laboratories. Peroxidase and alkaline 
phosphatase staining are usually undertaken when the index of suspicion 
for leukemia is high.

  Appendix D to Subpart C--Sampling and Analytical Methods for Benzene 
                   Monitoring--Measurement Procedures

    Measurements taken for the purpose of determining employee exposure 
to benzene are best taken so that the representative average eight-hour 
exposure may be determined from a single eight-hour sample or two four-
hour samples. Short-time interval samples (or grab samples) may also be 
used to determine average exposure level if a minimum of five 
measurements are taken in a random manner over the eight-hour work 
shift. In random sampling, any portion of the work shift has the same 
chance of being sampled as any other. The arithmetic average of all 
random samples taken on one work shift is an estimate of an employee's 
average level of exposure for that work shift. Air samples should be 
taken in the employee's breathing zone (i.e., air that would most nearly 
represent that inhaled by the employee). Sampling and analysis must be 
performed with procedures meeting the requirements of 46 CFR part 197, 
subpart C.
    There are a number of methods available for monitoring employee 
exposures to benzene. The sampling and analysis may be performed by 
collection of the benzene vapor on charcoal adsorption tubes, with 
subsequent chemical analysis by gas chromatography. Sampling and 
analysis also may be performed by portable direct reading instruments, 
real-time continuous monitoring systems, passive dosimeters, or other 
suitable methods. The employer is required to select a monitoring method 
which meets the accuracy and precision requirements of 46 CFR 
197.540(a)(6) for the weather conditions expected. Section 197.540(a)(6) 
requires that monitoring must have an accuracy, to a 95 percent 
confidence level, of not less than plus or minus 25 percent for 
concentrations of benzene greater than or equal to 0.5 ppm.
    In developing the following analytical procedures, the OSHA 
Laboratory modified NIOSH Method S311 and evaluated it at a benzene air 
concentration of one ppm. A procedure for determining the benzene 
concentration in bulk material samples was also evaluated. This work, as 
reported in OSHA Laboratory Method No. 12, includes the following two 
analytical procedures:

                    I. OSHA Method 12 for Air Samples

    Analyte: Benzene.
    Matrix: Air.
    Procedure: Adsorption on charcoal, desorption with carbon disulfide, 
analysis by gas chromatograph.
    Detection limit: 0.04 ppm.
    Recommended air volume and sampling rate: 10 liter at 0.2 liter/min.

                       1. Principle of the method

    1.1. A known volume of air is drawn through a charcoal tube to trap 
the organic vapors present.
    1.2. The charcoal in the tube is transferred to a small, stoppered 
vial and the analyte is desorbed with carbon disulfide.
    1.3. An aliquot of the desorbed sample is injected into a gas 
chromatograph.
    1.4. The area of the resulting peak is determined and compared with 
areas obtained from standards.

              2. Advantages and disadvantages of the method

    2.1. The sampling device is small, portable, and involves no 
liquids. Interferences are minimal and most of those which do occur can 
be eliminated by altering chromatographic conditions. The samples are 
analyzed by means of a quick, instrumental method.
    2.2. The amount of sample which can be taken is limited by the 
number of milligrams that the tube will hold before overloading. When 
the sample value obtained for the backup section of the charcoal tube 
exceeds 25 percent of that found on the front section, the possibility 
of sample loss exists.

                              3. Apparatus

    3.1. A calibrated personal sampling pump having a flow that can be 
determined within  five percent at the recommended flow 
rate.
    3.2. Charcoal tubes: Glass with both ends flame sealed, seven cm 
long with a six mm O.D. and a four mm I.D., containing two sections of 
20/40 mesh activated charcoal separated by a two mm portion of urethane 
foam. The activated charcoal is prepared from coconut shells and is 
fired at 600  deg.C before packing. The adsorbing section contains 100 
mg of charcoal and the back-up section 50 mg. A three mm portion of 
urethane foam is placed between the outlet end of the tube and the back-
up section. A plug of silanized glass wool is placed in front of the 
adsorbing section. The pressure drop across the tube must be less than 
one inch of mercury at a flow rate of one liter per minute.

[[Page 414]]

    3.3. Gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector.
    3.4. Column (10 ft. x 1/8 in. stainless steel) packed with 80/100 
Supelcoport coated with 20 percent SP 2100 and 0.1 percent CW 1500.
    3.5. An electronic integrator or some other suitable method for 
measuring peak area.
    3.6. Two-milliliter sample vials with Teflon-lined caps.
    3.7. Microliter syringes: ten microliter (ten l) syringe, 
and other convenient sizes for making standards. One l syringe 
for sample injections.
    3.8. Pipets: 1.0 ml delivery pipets.
    3.9. Volumetric flasks: convenient sizes for making standard 
solutions.

                               4. Reagents

    4.1. Chromatographic quality carbon disulfide (CS2). Most 
commercially available carbon disulfide contains a trace of benzene 
which must be removed. It can be removed with the following procedure. 
Heat, under reflux for two to three hours, 500 ml of carbon disulfide, 
ten ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and five drops of concentrated nitric 
acid. The benzene is converted to nitrobenzene. The carbon disulfide 
layer is removed, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and distilled. 
The recovered carbon disulfide should be benzene free. (It has recently 
been determined that benzene can also be removed by passing the carbon 
disulfide through a 13x molecular sieve).
    4.2. Benzene, reagent grade.
    4.3. p-Cymene, reagent grade, (internal standard).
    4.4. Desorbing reagent. The desorbing reagent is prepared by adding 
0.05 ml of p-cymene per milliliter of carbon disulfide. (The internal 
standard offers a convenient means correcting analytical response for 
slight inconsistencies in the size of sample injections. If the external 
standard technique is preferred, the internal standard can be 
eliminated.)
    4.5. Purified GC grade helium, hydrogen, and air.

                              5. Procedure

    5.1. Cleaning of equipment. All glassware used for the laboratory 
analysis should be properly cleaned and free of organics which could 
interfere in the analysis.
    5.2. Calibration of personal pumps. Each pump must be calibrated 
with a representative charcoal tube in the line.
    5.3. Collection and shipping of samples.
    5.3.1. Immediately before sampling, break the ends of the tube to 
provide an opening at least one-half the internal diameter of the tube 
(two mm).
    5.3.2. The smaller section of the charcoal is used as the backup and 
should be placed nearest the sampling pump.
    5.3.3. The charcoal tube should be placed in a vertical position 
during sampling to minimize channeling through the charcoal.
    5.3.4. Air being sampled should not be passed through any hose or 
tubing before entering the charcoal tube.
    5.3.5. A sample size of 10 liters is recommended. Sample at a flow 
rate of approximately 0.2 liters per minute. The flow rate should be 
known with an accuracy of at least  five percent.
    5.3.6. The charcoal tubes should be capped with the supplied plastic 
caps immediately after sampling.
    5.3.7. Submit at least one blank tube (a charcoal tube subjected to 
the same handling procedures, without having any air drawn through it) 
with each set of samples.
    5.3.8. Take necessary shipping and packing precautions to minimize 
breakage of samples.
    5.4. Analysis of samples.
    5.4.1. Preparation of samples. In preparation for analysis, each 
charcoal tube is scored with a file in front of the first section of 
charcoal and broken open. The glass wool is removed and discarded. The 
charcoal in the first (larger) section is transferred to a two ml vial. 
The separating section of foam is removed and discarded and the second 
section is transferred to another capped vial. These two sections are 
analyzed separately.
    5.4.2. Desorption of samples. Before analysis, 1.0 ml of desorbing 
solution is pipetted into each sample container. The desorbing solution 
consists of 0.05 l internal standard per milliliter of carbon 
disulfide. The sample vials are capped as soon as the solvent is added. 
Desorption should be done for 30 minutes with occasional shaking.
    5.4.3. GC conditions. Typical operating conditions for the gas 
chromatograph are as follows:
    1. 30 ml/min (60 psig) helium carrier gas flow.
    2. 30 ml/min (40 psig) hydrogen gas flow to detector.
    3. 240 ml/min (40 psig) air flow to detector.
    4. 150  deg.C injector temperature.
    5. 250  deg.C detector temperature.
    6. 100  deg.C column temperature.
    5.4.4. Injection size. One l.
    5.4.5. Measurement of area. The peak areas are measured by an 
electronic integrator or some other suitable form of area measurement.
    5.4.6. An internal standard procedure is used. The integrator is 
calibrated to report results in ppm for a 10 liter air sample after 
correction for desorption efficiency.
    5.5. Determination of desorption efficiency.
    5.5.1. Importance of determination. The desorption efficiency of a 
particular compound may vary from one laboratory to another and from one 
lot of chemical to another. Thus, it is necessary to determine, at least 
once, the percentage of the specific

[[Page 415]]

compound that is removed in the desorption process, provided the same 
batch of charcoal is used.
    5.5.2. Procedure for determining desorption efficiency. The 
reference portion of the charcoal tube is removed. To the remaining 
portion, amounts representing 0.5X, 1X, and 2X (X represents target 
concentration) based on a 10 liter air sample, are injected into several 
tubes at each level. Dilutions of benzene with carbon disulfide are made 
to allow injection of measurable quantities. These tubes are then 
allowed to equilibrate at least overnight. Following equilibration, they 
are analyzed following the same procedure as the samples. Desorption 
efficiency is determined by dividing the amount of benzene found by 
amount spiked on the tube.

                      6. Calibration and standards

    A series of standards varying in concentration over the range of 
interest is prepared and analyzed under the same GC conditions that will 
be used on the samples. A calibration curve is prepared by plotting 
concentration (g/ml) versus peak area.

                             7. Calculations

    Benzene air concentration can be calculated from the following 
equation:
    mg/m3=(A)(B)/(C)(D)
    Where: A=g/ml benzene, obtained from the calibration curve; 
B=desorption volume (one ml); C=liters of air sampled; and D=desorption 
efficiency.
    The concentration in mg/m3 can be converted to ppm (at 25 deg. 
and 760 mm) with following equation:
    ppm=(mg/m3)(24.46)/(78.11).
    Where: 24.46=molar volume of an ideal gas 25  deg.C and 760 mm; and 
78.11=molecular weight of benzene.

                             8. Backup data

    8.1 Detection limit--Air Samples. The detection limit for the 
analytical procedure is 1.28 ng with a coefficient of variation of 0.023 
at this level. This would be equivalent to an air concentration of 0.04 
ppm for a 10 liter air sample. This amount provided a chromatographic 
peak that could be identifiable in the presence of possible 
interferences. The detection limit data were obtained by making one 
l injections of a 1.283 g/ml standard.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Injection                Area count                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...................................        655.4  .....................
2...................................        617.5  .....................
3...................................        662.0  X=640.2              
4...................................        641.1  SD=14.9              
5...................................        636.4  CV=0.023             
6...................................        629.2  .....................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    8.2 Pooled coefficient of variation--Air Samples. The pooled 
coefficient of variation for the analytical procedure was determined by 
one l replicate injections of analytical standards. The 
standards were 16.04, 32.08, and 64.16 g/ml, which are 
equivalent to 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 ppm for a 10 liter air sample 
respectively.
    8.3 Storage data--Air Samples. Samples were generated at 1.03 ppm 
benzene at 80% relative humidity, 22  deg.C, and 643 mm. All samples 
were taken for 50 minutes at 0.2 liters/min. Six samples were analyzed 
immediately and the rest of the samples were divided into two groups by 
fifteen samples each. One group was stored at refrigerated temperature 
of -25  deg.C and the other group was stored at ambient temperature 
(approximately 23  deg.C). These samples were analyzed over a period of 
fifteen days. The results are tabulated below.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Area counts            
             Injection              ------------------------------------
                                       0.5 ppm     1.0 ppm     2.0 ppm  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1..................................   3996.5      8130.2      16481     
2..................................   4059.4      8235.6      16493     
3..................................   4052.0      8307.9      16535     
4..................................   4027.2      8263.2      16609     
5..................................   4046.8      8291.1      16552     
6..................................   4137.9      8288.8      16618     
X=.................................   4053.3      8254.0      16548.3   
SD=................................     47.2        62.5         57.1   
CV=................................      0.0116      0.0076       0.0034
CV=0.008...........................                                     
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                                Percent Recovery                                                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                         Refrigerated             Ambient       
                           Day analyzed                            ---------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.................................................................   97.4    98.7    98.9   97.4    98.7    98.9
0.................................................................   97.1   100.6   100.9   97.1   100.6   100.9
2.................................................................   95.8    96.4    95.4   95.4    96.6    96.9
5.................................................................   93.9    93.7    92.4   92.4    94.3    94.1
9.................................................................   93.6    95.5    94.6   95.2    95.6    96.6
13................................................................   94.3    95.3    93.7   91.0    95.0    94.6
15................................................................   96.8    95.8    94.2   92.9    96.3    95.9
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 416]]

    8.4 Desorption data. Samples were prepared by injecting liquid 
benzene onto the A section of charcoal tubes. Samples were prepared that 
would be equivalent to 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 ppm for a 10 liter air sample.

                            Percent Recovery                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Sample                    0.5 ppm  1.0 ppm   2.0 ppm 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1..........................................  99.4     98.8       99.5   
2..........................................  99.5     98.7       99.7   
3..........................................  99.2     98.6       99.8   
4..........................................  99.4     99.1      100.0   
5..........................................  99.2     99.0       99.7   
6..........................................  99.8     99.1       99.9   
X=.........................................  99.4     98.9       99.8   
SD=........................................   0.22     0.21       0.18  
CV=........................................   0.0022   0.0021     0.0018
X=99.4.....................................                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    8.5 Carbon disulfide. Carbon disulfide from a number of sources was 
analyzed for benzene contamination. The results are given in the 
following table. The benzene contaminant can be removed with the 
procedures given in section I.4.1.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         ppm equivalent 
               Sample                    g       (for 10 liter 
                                         Benzene/ml        air sample)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALDRICH Lot 83017...................              4.20              0.13
BAKER Lot 720364....................              1.01              0.03
BAKER Lot 822351....................              1.01              0.03
Malinkrodt Lot WEMP.................              1.74              0.05
Malinkrodt Lot WDSJ.................              5.65              0.18
Malinkrodt Lot WHGA.................              2.90              0.09
Treated CS2.........................  ................  ................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

           II. OSHA Laboratory Method No. 12 for Bulk Samples

    Analyte: Benzene.
    Matrix: Bulk Samples.
    Procedure: Bulk samples are analyzed directly by high performance 
liquid chromatography (HPLC).
    Detection limits: 0.01% by volume.

                       1. Principle of the method

    1.1. An aliquot of the bulk sample to be analyzed is injected into a 
liquid chromatograph.
    1.2. The peak area for benzene is determined and compared to areas 
obtained from standards.

              2. Advantages and disadvantages of the method

    2.1. The analytical procedure is quick, sensitive, and reproducible.
    2.2. Reanalysis of samples is possible.
    2.3. Interferences can be circumvented by proper selection of HPLC 
parameters.
    2.4. Samples must be free of any particulates that may clog the 
capillary tubing in the liquid chromatograph. This may require 
distilling the sample or clarifying with a clarification kit.

                              3. Apparatus

    3.1. Liquid chromatograph equipped with a UV detector.
    3.2. HPLC Column that will separate benzene from other components in 
the bulk sample being analyzed. The column used for validation studies 
was a Waters uBondapack C18, 30 cm x 3.9 mm.
    3.3. A clarification kit to remove any particulates in the bulk if 
necessary.
    3.4. A micro-distillation apparatus to distill any samples if 
necessary.
    3.5. An electronic integrator or some other suitable method of 
measuring peak areas.
    3.6. Microliter syringes--ten l syringe and other 
convenient sizes for making standards. 10 l syringe for sample 
injections.
    3.7. Volumetric flasks, five ml and other convenient sizes for 
preparing standards and making dilutions.

                               4. Reagents

    4.1. Benzene, reagent grade.
    4.2. HPLC grade water, methyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol.

                  5. Collection and shipment of samples

    5.1. Samples should be transported in glass containers with Teflon-
lined caps.
    5.2. Samples should not be put in the same container used for air 
samples

                         6. Analysis of samples

    6.1. Sample preparation. If necessary, the samples are distilled or 
clarified. Samples are analyzed undiluted. If the benzene concentration 
is out of the working range, suitable dilutions are made with isopropyl 
alcohol.
    6.2. HPLC conditions. The typical operating conditions for the high 
performance liquid chromatograph are:
    6.2.1. Mobile phase--Methyl alcohol/water, 50/50.
    6.2.2. Analytical wavelength--254 nm.
    6.2.3. Injection size--10 l.
    6.3. Measurement of peak area and calibration. Peak areas are 
measured by an integrator or other suitable means. The integrator is 
calibrated to report results in % benzene by volume.

                             7. Calculations

    Because the integrator is programmed to report results in % benzene 
by volume in an undiluted sample, the following equation is used: % 
Benzene by Volume=A x B.
    Where: A=% by volume on report. B=Dilution Factor. (B=one for 
undiluted sample).

[[Page 417]]

                             8. Backup data

    8.1. Detection limit--Bulk Samples. The detection limit for the 
analytical procedure for bulk samples is 0.88 g, with a 
coefficient of variation of 0.019 at this level. This amount provided a 
chromatographic peak that could be identifiable in the presence of 
possible interferences. The detection limit date were obtained by making 
ten l injections of a 0.10% by volume standard.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Injection               Area Count                         
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.................................        45386                         
2.................................        44214                         
3.................................        43822  X=44040.1              
4.................................        44062  SD=852.5               
6.................................        42724  CV=0.019               
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    8.2. Pooled coefficient of variation--Bulk Samples. The pooled 
coefficient of variation for the analytical procedure was determined by 
50 l replicate injections of analytical standards. The 
standards were 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.10, 1.0, and 2.0% benzene by volume.

                                              Area Count (Percent)                                              
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Injection               0.01         0.02         0.04          0.10           1.0            2.0     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...........................   45386        84737        166097        448497        4395380        9339150     
2...........................   44241        84300        170832        441299        4590800        9484900     
3...........................   43822        83835        164160        443719        4593200        9557580     
4...........................   44062        84381        164445        444842        4642350        9677060     
5...........................   44006        83012        168398        442564        4646430        9766240     
6...........................   42724        81957        173002        443975        4646260       .............
X=..........................   44040.1      83703.6      167872        444149        4585767        9564986     
SD=.........................     852.5       1042.2        3589.8        2459.1        96839.3       166233     
CV=.........................       0.0194       0.0125        0.0213        0.0055         0.0211         0.0174
CV=0.017....................                                                                                    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

              Appendix E to Subpart C--Respirator Fit Tests

                               Procedures

    This appendix contains the procedures for properly fitting a 
respirator to employees who may be exposed to benzene and includes the 
Initial Fit Tests (IFT), the Qualitative Fit Tests (QLFT), and the 
Quantitative Fit Test (QNFT).
    Note that respirators (negative pressure or positive pressure) must 
not be worn when conditions prevent a tight seal between the faceplate 
and the skin or the proper functioning of the inhalation or exhalation 
valves. In order for a respirator to protect the wearer, the facepiece 
must make a proper seal against the wearer's face. Several factors can 
negatively affect the respirator to face seal and reduce the level of 
protection afforded by the respirator. Among these are facial shape, 
temple pieces of eyeglasses, facial abnormalities (e.g., scars and 
indentations) absence of dentures, hair style or length of hair, 
specific skin conditions, and facial hair. Therefore, nothing can come 
between or otherwise interfere with the sealing surface of the 
respirator and the face or interfere with the function of the inhalation 
or exhalation valves.

                       I. Initial Fit Tests (IFT)

    (a) The test subject must be allowed to select the most comfortable 
respirator from a selection of respirators of various sizes. The 
selection must include at least three sizes of elastomeric facepieces 
for the type of respirator that is to be tested (i.e., three sizes of 
half mask or three sizes of full facepiece).
    (b) Before the selection process, the test subject must be shown how 
to put on a respirator, how it should be positioned on the face, how to 
set strap tension, and how to determine a comfortable fit. A mirror must 
be available to assist the subject in evaluating the fit and positioning 
the respirator. This instruction is only a preliminary review and must 
not constitute the subject's formal training on respirator use.
    (c) The test subject must be informed that he or she is being asked 
to select the respirator which provides the most comfortable fit. Each 
respirator represents a different size and shape and, if fitted and used 
properly, should provide adequate protection.

[[Page 418]]

    (d) The test subject must be instructed to hold each facepiece up to 
the face and eliminate those facepieces which obviously do not give a 
comfortable fit.
    (e) The more comfortable facepieces must be noted and the most 
comfortable mask donned and worn at least five minutes to assess 
comfort. Assistance in assessing comfort may be given by discussing the 
points in section I(f) of this appendix. If the test subject is not 
familiar with using a particular respirator, the test subject must be 
directed to don the mask several times and to adjust the straps each 
time to become adept at setting proper tension on the straps.
    (f) Assessment of comfort must include reviewing the following 
points with the test subject and allowing the test subject adequate time 
to determine the comfort of the respirator:
    (1) Position of the mask on the nose.
    (2) Room for eye protection.
    (3) Room to talk.
    (4) Position of mask on face and cheeks.
    (g) The following criteria must be used to help determine the 
adequacy of the respirator fit:
    (1) Chin properly placed.
    (2) Adequate strap tension, not overly tightened.
    (3) Fit across nose bridge.
    (4) Respirator of proper size to span distance from nose to chin.
    (5) Tendency of respirator to slip.
    (6) Self-observation in mirror to evaluate fit and respirator 
position.
    (h) The following negative and positive pressure fit tests must be 
conducted. Before conducting a negative or positive pressure fit test, 
the subject must be told to seat the mask on the face by moving the head 
from side-to-side and up and down slowly while taking in a few slow deep 
breaths Another facepiece must be selected and retested if the test 
subject fails the fit check tests.
    (1) Positive pressure fit test. The exhalation valve must be closed 
off and the subject must exhale gently onto the facepiece. The face fit 
is considered satisfactory if a slight positive pressure can be built up 
inside the facepiece without any evidence of outward leakage of air at 
the seal. For most respirators this method of leak testing requires the 
wearer to first remove the exhalation valve cover before closing off the 
exhalation valve and then carefully replacing it after the test.
    (2) Negative pressure fit test. The inlet opening of the canister or 
cartridge(s) must be closed off by covering with the palm of the hand(s) 
or by replacing the filter seal(s). The subject must inhale gently so 
that the facepiece collapses slightly and hold his or her breath for ten 
seconds. If the facepiece remains in its slightly collapsed condition 
and no inward leakage of air is detected, the tightness of the 
respirator is considered satisfactory.
    (i) The test must not be conducted if the subject has any hair 
growth between the skin and the facepiece sealing surface, such as 
stubble beard growth, beard, or long sideburns which cross the 
respirator sealing surface. Any type of apparel, such as a skull cap or 
the temple bars of eye glasses, which projects under the facepiece or 
otherwise interferes with a satisfactory fit must be altered or removed.
    (j) If the test subject exhibits difficulty in breathing during the 
tests, the subject must be referred to a physician trained in 
respiratory disease or pulmonary medicine to determine whether the test 
subject can wear a respirator while performing his or her duties.
    (k) The test subject must be given the opportunity to wear the 
successfully fitted respirator for a period of two weeks. If at any time 
during this period the respirator becomes uncomfortable, the test 
subject must be given the opportunity to select a different facepiece 
and to be retested.
    (l) Exercise regimen. Before beginning the fit test, the test 
subject must be given a description of the fit test and of the test 
subject's responsibilities during the test procedure. The description of 
the process must include a description of the test exercises that the 
subject must perform. The respirator to be tested must be worn for at 
least five minutes before the start of the fit test.
    (m) Test Exercises. The test subject must perform the following 
exercises in the test environment:

[[Page 419]]

    (1) Normal breathing. In a normal standing position, without 
talking, the subject must breathe normally.
    (2) Deep breathing. In a normal standing position, the subject must 
breathe slowly and deeply, taking caution so as to not hyperventilate.
    (3) Turning head side to side. Standing in place, the subject must 
slowly turn his or her head from side to side between the extreme 
positions on each side. The subject must hold his or her head at each 
extreme momentarily and inhale.
    (4) Moving head up and down. Standing in place, the subject must 
slowly move his or her head up and down. The subject must be instructed 
to inhale in the up position (i.e., when looking toward the ceiling).
    (5) Talking. The subject must talk slowly and loudly enough so as to 
be heard clearly by the test conductor. The subject must count backward 
from 100, recite a memorized poem or song, or read the following 
passage:

                             Rainbow Passage

    When the sunlight strikes raindrops in the air, they act like a 
prism and form a rainbow. The rainbow is a division of white light into 
many beautiful colors. These take the shape of a long round arch, with 
its path high above, and its two ends apparently beyond the horizon. 
There is, according to legend, a boiling pot of gold at one end. People 
look, but no one ever finds it. When a man looks for something beyond 
reach, his friends say he is looking for the pot of gold at the end of 
the rainbow.

    (6) Grimace. The test subject must grimace by smiling or frowning.
    (7) Bending over. The test subject must bend at the waist as if to 
touch the toes or, for test environments such as shroud type QNFT units 
which prohibit bending at the waist, the subject must jog in place.
    (8) Normal breathing. Same as exercise 1.
    Each test exercise must be performed for one minute, except for the 
grimace exercise which must be performed for 15 seconds. The test 
subject must be questioned by the test conductor regarding the comfort 
of the respirator upon completion of test exercises. If it has become 
uncomfortable, another respirator must be tried and the subject 
retested.
    (n) The employer shall certify that a successful fit test has been 
administered to the test subject. The certification must include the 
following information:
    (1) Name of employee.
    (2) Type, brand, and size of respirator.
    (3) Date of test.
    Where QNFT is used, the fit factor, strip chart, or other recording 
of the results of the test must be retained with the certification. The 
certification must be maintained until the next fit test is 
administered.

                    II. Qualitative Fit Tests (QLFT)

    (a) General. (1) The employer shall designate specific individuals 
to administer the respirator qualitative fit test program. The employer 
may contract for these services.
    (2) The employer shall ensure that persons administering QLFT are 
able to properly prepare test solutions, calibrate equipment, perform 
tests, recognize invalid tests, and determine whether the test equipment 
is in proper working order.
    (3) The employer shall ensure that QLFT equipment is kept clean and 
maintained so as to operate at the parameters for which it was designed.
    (b) Isoamyl acetate tests. (1) Odor threshold screening test. The 
odor threshold screening test, performed without wearing a respirator, 
is intended to determine if the test subject can detect the odor of 
isoamyl acetate.
    (i) Three one-liter glass jars with metal lids must be used.
    (ii) Odor free water (e.g. distilled or spring water) at 
approximately 25 degrees C must be used for the solutions.
    (iii) An isoamyl acetate (IAA) (also known at isopentyl acetate) 
stock solution must be prepared by adding one cc of pure IAA to 800 cc 
of odor free water in a one liter jar and by shaking the jar for 30 
seconds. A new solution must be prepared at least weekly.
    (iv) The screening test must be conducted in a room separate from 
the room used for actual fit testing. The two rooms must be well 
ventilated but not connected to the same recirculating ventilation 
system.

[[Page 420]]

    (v) An odor test solution must be prepared in a second one-liter jar 
by placing 0.4 cc of the stock solution into 500 cc of odor free water 
using a clean dropper or pipette. The solution must be shaken for 30 
seconds and allowed to stand for two to three minutes so that the IAA 
concentration above the liquid may reach equilibrium. This solution must 
be used for only one day.
    (vi) A test blank must be prepared in a third one-liter jar by 
adding 500 cc of odor free water.
    (vii) The odor test jar and the test blank jar must be labeled ``1'' 
and ``2'' for identification. The labels must be placed on the jar lids 
so that the labels can be periodically peeled off dried, and switched to 
maintain the integrity of the test.
    (viii) The following instruction must be typed on a card and placed 
on a table in front of the odor test jar and the test blank jar:

    The purpose of this test is to determine if you can smell banana oil 
at a low concentration. The two bottles in front of you contain water. 
One of these bottles also contains a small amount of banana oil. Be sure 
the covers are on tight, then shake each bottle for two seconds. Unscrew 
the lid of each bottle, one at a time, and sniff at the mouth of the 
bottle. Indicate to the test conductor which bottle contains banana oil.

    (ix) The mixtures in the jars used in the IAA odor threshold 
screening must be prepared in an area separate from the test area, in 
order to prevent olfactory fatigue in the test subject.
    (x) If the test subject is unable to correctly identify the jar 
containing the odor test solution, the IAA qualitative fit test must not 
be performed.
    (xi) If the test subject correctly identifies the jar containing the 
odor test solution, the test subject may proceed to respirator selection 
and fit testing.
    (2) Isoamyl acetate fit test. (i) The fit test chamber must be a 
clear 55-gallon drum liner or similar device suspended inverted over a 
two foot diameter frame so that the top of the chamber is about six 
inches above the test subject's head. The inside top center of the 
chamber must have a small hook attached.
    (ii) Each respirator used for the fitting and fit testing must be 
equipped with organic vapor cartridges or offer protection against 
organic vapors. The cartridges or masks must be changed at least weekly.
    (iii) After selecting, donning, and properly adjusting a respirator, 
the test subject must wear the respirator to the fit testing room. This 
room must be separate from the room used for odor threshold screening 
and respirator selection and must be well ventilated by an exhaust fan, 
lab hood, or other device to prevent general room contamination.
    (iv) A copy of the test exercises and any prepared text from which 
the subject is to read must be taped to the inside of the test chamber.
    (v) Upon entering the test chamber, the test subject must be given a 
six inch by five inch piece of paper towel or other porous, absorbent, 
single-ply material, folded in half and wetted with 0.75 cc of pure IAA. 
The test subject must hang the wet towel on the hook at the top of the 
chamber.
    (vi) Two minutes must be allowed for the IAA test concentration to 
stabilize before starting the fit test exercises. This would be an 
appropriate time to talk with the test subject, to explain the fit test, 
the importance of the subject's cooperation, and the purpose for the 
head exercises, or to demonstrate some of the exercises.
    (vii) The test subject must be instructed to perform the exercises 
described in section I(n) of this appendix. If at any time during the 
test the subject detects the banana like odor of IAA, the test is 
failed. The subject must be removed quickly from the test chamber and 
the test area to avoid olfactory fatigue.
    (viii) If the test is failed, the subject must return to the 
selection room, remove the respirator, repeat the odor sensitivity test, 
select and don another respirator, return to the test chamber, and again 
take the IAA fit test. The process must continue until a respirator that 
fits well is found. If the odor sensitivity test is failed, the subject 
must wait at least five minutes before retesting to allow odor 
sensitivity to return.
    (ix) When a respirator is found that passes the test, the subject 
must demonstrate the efficiency of the respirator by breaking the face 
seal and

[[Page 421]]

taking a breath before exiting the chamber. If the subject cannot detect 
the odor of IAA, the test is deemed inconclusive and must be rerun.
    (x) When the test subject leaves the chamber, the subject must 
remove the saturated towel and return it to the person conducting the 
test. To keep the test area from becoming contaminated, the used towel 
must be kept in a self-sealing bag to avoid significant IAA 
concentration build-up in the test chamber for subsequent tests.
    (c) Saccharin solution aerosol test. The saccharin solution aerosol 
test is an alternative qualitative test. Although it is the only 
validated test currently available for use with particulate disposable 
dust respirators not equipped with high-efficiency filters, it may also 
be used for testing other respirators. The entire screening and testing 
procedure must be explained to the test subject before the conduct of 
the saccharin test threshold screening test.
    (1) Saccharin taste threshold screening test. The test, performed 
without wearing a respirator, is intended to determine whether the test 
subject can detect the taste of saccharin.
    (i) The subject must wear an enclosure about the head and shoulders 
that is approximately 12 inches in diameter by 14 inches tall with at 
least the front portion clear. If the enclosure is also used for the 
saccharin solution aerosol fit test in compliance with section II(c)(2) 
of this appendix, the enclosure must allow free movements of the head 
when a respirator is worn. An enclosure substantially similar to the 
Minnesota, Mining and Manufacturing (3M) hood assembly, parts No. FT 14 
and No. FT 15 combined, is adequate.
    (ii) The test enclosure must have a \3/4\ inch hole in front of the 
test subject's nose and mouth area to accommodate the nebulizer nozzle.
    (iii) The test subject must don the test enclosure. Throughout the 
threshold screening test, the test subject must breathe with mouth wide 
open and tongue extended.
    (iv) Using a DeVilbiss Model 40 Inhalation Medication Nebulizer, the 
test conductor must spray the threshold check solution in accordance 
with II(c)(1)(v) of this appendix into the enclosure. The nebulizer must 
be clearly marked to distinguish it from the fit test solution 
nebulizer.
    (v) The threshold check solution consists of 0.83 grams of sodium 
saccharin USP in one cc of warm water. It may be prepared by putting one 
cc of the fit test solution (see section II(c)(2)(iv) of this appendix) 
in 100 cc of distilled water.
    (vi) To produce the aerosol, the nebulizer bulb must be firmly 
squeezed so that it collapses completely. Then, the bulb must be 
released and allowed to expand fully.
    (vii) The bulb must be squeezed rapidly ten times and the test 
subject must be asked whether he or she tastes the saccharin.
    (viii) If the first response is negative, the ten rapid squeezes 
must be repeated and the test subject is again asked whether he or she 
tastes the saccharin.
    (ix) If the second response is negative, ten more squeezes are 
repeated rapidly and the test subject again asked whether the saccharin 
is tasted.
    (x) The test conductor must take note of the number of squeezes 
required to solicit a taste response.
    (xi) If the saccharin is not tasted after 30 squeezes, the test 
subject may not perform the saccharin fit test.
    (xii) If a taste response is elicited, the test subject must be 
asked to take note of the taste for reference in the fit test.
    (xiii) Correct use of the nebulizer means that approximately one cc 
of liquid is used at a time in the nebulizer body.
    (xiv) The nebulizer must be thoroughly rinsed in water, shaken dry, 
and refilled at least each morning and afternoon or at least every four-
hours.
    (2) Saccharin solution aerosol fit test. (i) The test subject may 
not eat, drink (except plain water), or chew gum for 15 minutes before 
the test.
    (ii) The fit test must be conducted with the same type of enclosure 
used for the saccharin taste threshold screening test in accordance with 
section II(c)(1) of this appendix.
    (iii) The test subject must don the enclosure while wearing the 
respirator selected in the saccharin taste threshold screening test. The 
respirator must

[[Page 422]]

be properly adjusted and equipped with a particulate filter(s).
    (iv) A second DeVilbiss Model 40 Inhalation Medication Nebulizer 
must be used to spray the fit test solution into the enclosure. This 
nebulizer must be clearly marked to distinguish it from the nebulizer 
used for the threshold check solution in accordance with section 
II(c)(1)(iv) of this appendix.
    (v) The fit test solution must be prepared by adding 83 grams of 
sodium saccharin to 100 cc of warm water.
    (vi) The test subject must breathe with mouth wide open and tongue 
extended.
    (vii) The nebulizer must be inserted into the hole in the front of 
the enclosure and the fit test solution must be sprayed into the 
enclosure using the same number of squeezes required to elicit a taste 
response in the screening test in accordance with sections II(c)(1)(vi) 
through II(c)(1)(xi) of this appendix.
    (viii) After generating the aerosol, the test subject must be 
instructed to perform the exercises in section I(n) of this appendix.
    (ix) Every 30 seconds, the aerosol concentration must be replenished 
using one half the number of squeezes used initially.
    (x) The test subject must indicate to the test conductor if, at any 
time during the fit test, the taste of saccharin is detected.
    (xi) If the taste of saccharin is detected, the fit must be deemed 
unsatisfactory and a different respirator must be tried.
    (d) Irritant fume test. The irritant fume test is an alternative 
qualitative fit test.
    (1) The respirator to be tested must be equipped with high-
efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters.
    (2) The test subject must be allowed to smell a weak concentration 
of the irritant smoke before the respirator is donned to become familiar 
with the smoke's characteristic odor.
    (3) Both ends of a ventilation smoke tube containing stannic 
oxychloride, such as the Marine Safety Appliance part No. 5645 or 
equivalent, must be broken. One end of the smoke tube must be attached 
to a low flow air pump set to deliver 200 milliliters per minute.
    (4) The test subject must be advised that the smoke may be 
irritating to the eyes and that the subject must keep his or her eyes 
closed while the test is performed.
    (5) The test conductor must direct the stream of irritant smoke from 
the smoke tube towards the face seal area of the test subject. The test 
must be started with the smoke tube at least 12 inches from the 
facepiece, moved gradually to within one inch, and moved around the 
whole perimeter of the mask
    (6) Each test subject who passes the smoke test without evidence of 
a response must be given a sensitivity check of the smoke from the same 
tube once the respirator has been removed. This check is necessary to 
determine whether the test subject reacts to the smoke. Failure to evoke 
a response voids the fit test.
    (7) The fit test must be performed in a location with exhaust 
ventilation sufficient to prevent general contamination of the testing 
area by the irritant smoke.

                   III. Quantitative Fit Tests (ONFT)

    (a) General. (1) The employer shall designate specific individuals 
to administer the respirator quantitative fit test program.
    (2) The employer shall ensure that persons administering QNFT are 
able to properly calibrate equipment, perform tests, recognize invalid 
tests, calculate fit factors, and determine whether the test equipment 
is in proper working order.
    (3) The employer shall ensure that QNFT equipment is kept clean and 
maintained so as to operate at the parameters for which it was designed.
    (b) Definitions. (1) Quantitative fit test means a test which is 
performed in a test chamber and in which the normal air-purifying 
element of the respirator is replaced with a high-efficiency particulate 
air (HEPA) filter, in the case of particulate QNFT aerosols, or with a 
sorbent offering contaminant penetration protection equivalent to high-
efficiency filters, if the QNFT test agent is a gas or vapor.

[[Page 423]]

    (2) Challenge agent means the aerosol, gas, or vapor introduced into 
a test chamber so that its concentration inside and outside of the 
respirator may be measured.
    (3) Test subject means the person wearing the respirator for 
quantitative fit testing.
    (4) Normal standing position means an erect and straight stance with 
arms down along the sides and eyes looking straight ahead.
    (5) Maximum peak penetration method means the method of determining 
test agent penetration in the respirator as determined by strip chart 
recordings of the test. The highest peak penetration for a given 
exercise is taken to be representative of average penetration into the 
respirator for that exercise.
    (6) Average peak penetration method means the method of determining 
test agent penetration into the respirator by using a strip chart 
recorder, integrator, or computer. The agent penetration is determined 
by an average of the peak heights on the graph, or by computer 
integration, for each exercise except the grimace exercise. Integrators 
or computers which calculate the actual test agent penetration into the 
respirator for each exercise also may be used in accordance with this 
method.
    (7) Fit factor means the ratio of challenge agent concentration 
outside with respect to the inside of a respirator inlet covering 
(facepiece or enclosure).
    (c) Apparatus. (1) Instrumentation. Aerosol generation, dilution, 
and measurement systems using corn oil or sodium chloride as test 
aerosols must be used for quantitative fit testing.
    (2) Test chamber. The test chamber must be large enough to permit 
all test subjects to perform freely all required exercises without 
disturbing the challenge agent concentration or the measurement 
apparatus. The test chamber must be equipped and constructed so that the 
challenge agent is effectively isolated from the ambient air, yet is 
uniform in concentration throughout the chamber.
    (3) When testing air-purifying respirators, the normal filter or 
cartridge element must be replaced with a high-efficiency particulate 
filter supplied by the same manufacturer.
    (4) The sampling instrument must be selected so that a strip chart 
record may be made of the test showing the rise and fall of the 
challenge agent concentration with each inspiration and expiration at 
fit factors of at least 2,000. Integrators or computers which integrate 
the amount of test agent penetration leakage into the respirator for 
each exercise may be used if a record of the readings is made.
    (5) The combination of substitute air-purifying elements, challenge 
agent, and challenge agent concentration in the test chamber must be 
such that the test subject is not exposed to a concentration of the 
challenge agent in excess of the established exposure limit for the 
challenge agent at any time during the testing process.
    (6) The sampling port on the test specimen respirator must be placed 
and constructed so that no leakage occurs around the port (e.g. where 
the respirator is probed), so that a free air flow is allowed into the 
sampling line at all times, and so that there is no interference with 
the fit or performance of the respirator.
    (7) The test chamber and test set up must permit the person 
administering the test to observe the test subject inside the chamber 
during the test.
    (8) The equipment generating the challenge atmosphere must maintain 
a constant concentration of challenge agent inside the test chamber to 
within a ten percent variation for the duration of the test.
    (9) The time lag (i.e. the interval between an event and the 
recording of the event on the strip chart, computer, or integrator) must 
be kept to a minimum. There must be a clear association between the 
occurrence of an event inside the test chamber and the recording of that 
event.
    (10) The sampling line tubing for the test chamber atmosphere and 
for the respirator sampling port must be of equal diameter and of the 
same material. The length of the two lines must be equal.
    (11) The exhaust flow from the test chamber must pass through a 
high-efficiency filter before release.
    (12) When sodium chloride aerosol is used, the relative humidity 
inside the

[[Page 424]]

test chamber must not exceed 50 percent.
    (13) The limitations of instrument detection must be taken into 
account when determining the fit factor.
    (14) Test respirators must be maintained in proper working order and 
inspected for deficiencies, such as cracks, missing valves, and gaskets.
    (d) Procedural requirements. (1) When performing the initial 
positive or negative pressure test, the sampling line must be crimped 
closed in order to avoid air pressure leakage during either of these 
tests.
    (2) In order to reduce the amount of QNFT time, an abbreviated 
screening isoamyl acetate test or irritant fume test may be used in 
order to quickly identify poor fitting respirators which passed the 
positive or negative pressure test. When performing a screening isoamyl 
acetate test, combination high-efficiency organic vapor cartridges or 
canisters must be used.
    (3) A reasonably stable challenge agent concentration must be 
measured in the test chamber before testing. For canopy or shower 
curtain type of test units, the determination of the challenge agent 
stability may be established after the test subject has entered the test 
environment.
    (4) Immediately after the subject enters the test chamber, the 
challenge agent concentration inside the respirator must be measured to 
ensure that the peak penetration does not exceed five percent for a half 
mask or one percent for a full facepiece respirator.
    (5) A stable challenge concentration must be obtained before the 
actual start of testing.
    (6) Respirator restraining straps must not be overtightened for 
testing. The straps must be adjusted by the wearer without assistance 
from other persons to give a fit reasonably comfortable for normal use.
    (7) After obtaining a stable challenge concentration, the test 
subject must be instructed to perform the exercises described in section 
I(n) of this appendix. The test must be terminated whenever any single 
peak penetration exceeds five percent for half masks and one percent for 
full facepiece respirators. The test subject must be refitted and 
retested. If two of the three required tests are terminated, the fit is 
deemed inadequate.
    (8) In order to successfully complete a QNFT, three successful fit 
tests must be conducted. The results of each of the three independent 
fit tests must exceed the minimum fit factor needed for the class of 
respirator (e.g., half mask respirator, full facepiece respirator).
    (9) Calculation of fit factors. (i) The fit factor must be 
determined for the quantitative fit test by taking the ratio of the 
average chamber concentration to the concentration inside the 
respirator.
    (ii) The average test chamber concentration is the arithmetic 
average of the test chamber concentration at the beginning and of the 
end of the test.
    (iii) The concentration of the challenge agent inside the respirator 
must be determined by one of the following methods:
    (A) Average peak concentration.
    (B) Maximum peak concentration.
    (C) Integration by calculation of the area under the individual peak 
for each exercise. This includes computerized integration.
    (10) Interpretation of test results. The fit factor established by 
the quantitative fit testing must be the lowest of the three fit factor 
values calculated from the three required fit tests.
    (11) The test subject must not be permitted to wear a half mask or a 
full facepiece respirator unless a minimum fit factor equivalent to at 
least ten times the hazardous exposure level is obtained.
    (12) Filters used for quantitative fit testing must be replaced at 
least weekly, whenever increased breathing resistance is encountered, or 
whenever the test agent has altered the integrity of the filter media. 
When used, organic vapor cartridges and canisters must be replaced daily 
or whenever there is an indication of a breakthrough by a test agent.

        Appendix F to Subpart C--Sample Worker Certification Form

                     Benzene Worker's Certification

    I, __________(Name of worker), certify in accordance with 46 CFR 
197.530--

[[Page 425]]

    (1) That I have had, within the previous twelve months, at least one 
medical examination in compliance with 46 CFR 197.560 or 29 CFR 
1910.1028;
    (2) That the physician conducting the latest medical examination in 
compliance with paragraph (1) of this certification did not recommend 
that I be excluded from areas where personal exposure may exceed the 
action level as defined in 46 CFR 197.505;
    (3) That all respirators and personal protective clothing and 
equipment that I will use while on the vessel meet the requirements of 
46 CFR 197.550(b) and 197.555(c) or of 29 CFR 1910.1028; and
    (4) That all respirators that I will use while on the vessel have 
been fitted and fit tested in accordance with 46 CFR 197.550 (c) and (d) 
or with 29 CFR 1910.1028.

_______________________________________________________________________
(signature of worker)

_______________________________________________________________________
(printed name of worker)

_______________________________________________________________________
(date signed by worker)

           Appendix A to Part 197--Air No-Decompression Limits

    The following table gives the depth versus bottom time limits for 
single, no-decompression, air dives made within any 12-hour period. The 
limit is the maximum bottom time in minutes that a diver can spend at 
that depth without requiring decompression beyond that provided by a 
normal ascent rate of 60 fsw per minute. (Although bottom time is 
concluded when ascent begins, a slower ascent rate would increase the 
bottom time thereby requiring decompression.) An amount of nitrogen 
remains in the tissues of a diver after any air dive, regardless of 
whether the dive was a decompression or no-decompression dive. Whenever 
another dive is made within a 12-hour period, the nitrogen remaining in 
the blood and body tissues of the diver must be considered when 
calculating his decompression.

                       Air No-Decompression Limits                      
                                                                        
                                                        No-decompression
                     Depth (feet):                      limits (minutes)
                                                                        
   35.................................................               310
   40.................................................               200
   50.................................................               100
   60.................................................                60
   70.................................................                50
   80.................................................                40
   90.................................................                30
  100.................................................                25
  110.................................................                20
  120.................................................                15
  130.................................................               10 
                                                                        
(Source: U.S. Navy Diving Manual, 1 September 1973.)                    



PART 198--[RESERVED]




[[Page 426]]



          SUBCHAPTER W--LIFESAVING APPLIANCES AND ARRANGEMENTS





PART 199--LIFESAVING SYSTEMS FOR CERTAIN INSPECTED VESSELS--Table of Contents




                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
199.01  Purpose.
199.03  Relationship to international standards.
199.05  Incorporation by reference.
199.07  Additional equipment and requirements.
199.09  Equivalents.
199.10  Applicability.
199.20  Exemptions.
199.30  Definitions.
199.40  Evaluation, testing and approval of lifesaving appliances and 
          arrangements.
199.45  Tests and inspections of lifesaving equipment and arrangements.

                 Subpart B--Requirements for All Vessels

199.60  Communications.
199.70  Personal lifesaving appliances.
199.80  Muster list and emergency instructions.
199.90  Operating instructions.
199.100  Manning of survival craft and supervision.
199.110  Survival craft muster and embarkation arrangements.
199.120  Launching stations.
199.130  Stowage of survival craft.
199.140  Stowage of rescue boats.
199.145  Marine evacuation system launching arrangements.
199.150  Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements; general.
199.153  Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements using falls 
          and a winch.
199.155  Lifeboat launching and recovery arrangements.
199.157  Free-fall lifeboat launching and recovery arrangements.
199.160  Rescue boat embarkation, launching and recovery arrangements.
199.170  Line-throwing appliance.
199.175  Survival craft and rescue boat equipment.
199.176  Markings on lifesaving appliances.
199.178  Marking of stowage locations.
199.180  Training and drills.
199.190  Operational readiness, maintenance, and inspection of 
          lifesaving equipment.

        Subpart C--Additional Requirements for Passenger Vessels

199.200  General.
199.201  Survival craft.
199.202  Rescue boats.
199.203  Marshalling of liferafts.
199.211  Lifebuoys.
199.212  Lifejackets.
199.214  Immersion suits and thermal protective aids.
199.217  Muster list and emergency instructions.
199.220  Survival craft and rescue boat embarkation arrangements.
199.230  Stowage of survival craft.
199.240  Muster stations.
199.245  Survival craft embarkation and launching arrangements.
199.250  Drills.

          Subpart D--Additional Requirements for Cargo Vessels

199.260  General.
199.261  Survival craft.
199.262  Rescue boats.
199.271  Lifebuoys.
199.273  Immersion suits.
199.280  Survival craft embarkation and launching arrangements.
199.290  Stowage of survival craft.

   Subpart E--Additional Requirements for Vessels Not Subject to SOLAS

199.500  General.
199.510  EPIRB requirements.
199.520  Lifeboat requirements.

 Subpart F--Exemptions and Alternatives for Vessels Not Subject to SOLAS

199.600  General.
199.610  Exemptions for vessels in specified services.
199.620  Alternatives for all vessels in a specified service.
199.630  Alternatives for passenger vessels in a specified service.
199.640  Alternatives for cargo vessels in a specified service.

    Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306, 3703; 46 CFR 1.46.

    Source: CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996, unless otherwise 
noted.



                           Subpart A--General



Sec. 199.01  Purpose.

    (a) This part sets out the requirements for lifesaving appliances 
and arrangements for all inspected U.S. vessels except for--

[[Page 427]]

    (1) Offshore supply vessels, which are covered by subchapter L of 
this chapter;
    (2) Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODU), which are covered by 
subchapter I-A of this chapter;
    (3) Small passenger vessels, which are covered by subchapters K and 
T of this chapter; and
    (4) Sailing school vessels, which are covered by part 169 of this 
chapter.
    (b) This subpart and subparts B, C, and D of this part set out the 
requirements for vessels on international voyages that are subject to 
the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, and 
its Protocol of 1978, as amended (SOLAS).
    (c) Subparts E and F of this part set out additional requirements, 
alternatives, and exemptions for vessels that are not subject to SOLAS.



Sec. 199.03  Relationship to international standards.

    (a) This subpart and subparts B, C, and D of this part are based on 
Chapter III, SOLAS. Section numbers in this subpart and subparts B, C, 
and D of this part are generally related to the regulation numbers in 
Chapter III, SOLAS, but paragraph designations are not related to the 
numbering in Chapter III, SOLAS. To find the corresponding Chapter III, 
SOLAS regulation for this subpart and subparts B, C, and D of this part, 
beginning with Sec. 199.10, divide the section number following the 
decimal point by 10.
    (b) For purposes of this part, any vessel carrying a valid Passenger 
Ship Safety Certificate supplemented by a Record of Equipment, or a 
valid Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate supplemented by a Record 
of Equipment, is considered to have met the requirements of this part if 
the equipment meets Sec. 199.40 and if, in addition to the requirements 
of SOLAS Chapter III, the vessel meets the following requirements:
    (1) Each new lifeboat and launching appliance on a tank vessel may 
be of aluminum construction only if its stowage location is protected 
with a water spray system in accordance with Sec. 199.290(b).
    (2) Each child-size lifejacket and immersion suit must be 
appropriately marked and stowed separately from adult or extended-size 
devices as required in Sec. 199.70(b)(2).
    (3) Each lifejacket and immersion suit must be marked with the 
vessel's name in accordance with Secs. 199.70 (b)(3) and (c)(3).
    (4) Inflatable lifejackets, if carried, must be of the same or 
similar design as required by Sec. 199.70(b).
    (5) Containers for lifejackets, immersions suits, and anti-exposure 
suits must be marked as specified in Sec. 199.70(d).
    (6) Instructions for passengers must include illustrated 
instructions on the method of donning lifejackets as required in 
Sec. 199.80(c)(5).
    (7) Each liferaft must be arranged to permit it to drop into the 
water from the deck on which it is stowed as required in 
Sec. 199.130(c)(3).
    (8) Lifeboats and rescue boats must be arranged to allow safe 
disembarkation onto the vessel after a drill in accordance with 
Sec. 199.110(h).
    (9) The requirements for guarding of falls in Secs. 199.153 (d) and 
(f) must be met.
    (10) The winch drum requirements described in Sec. 199.153(e) must 
be met for all survival craft winches, not just multiple drum winches.
    (11) The maximum lowering speed requirements for launching 
arrangements using falls and a winch in Secs. 199.153 (i) and (j) must 
be met.
    (12) An auxiliary line must be kept with each line-throwing 
appliance in accordance with Sec. 199.170(c)(2).
    (13) Immersion suits must be carried on all cargo vessels except 
those operating between the 32 degrees north and 32 degrees south 
latitude in accordance with Sec. 199.273.
    (14) Vessels carrying immersion suits must conduct drills in 
accordance with Secs. 199.180 (d)(11) and (d)(12).
    (c) The certificates in paragraph (b) of this section will be 
accepted as proof of compliance with the requirements in this part 
unless the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI), determines 
that--
    (1) The condition of the vessel or of its equipment does not 
correspond substantially with the particulars of its certificates; or

[[Page 428]]

    (2) The vessel and its equipment have not been maintained in 
conformance with the provisions of the regulations in this part.



Sec. 199.05  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than that 
specified in paragraph (b) of this section, the Coast Guard must publish 
notice of change in the Federal Register; and the material must be 
available to the public. All approved material is available for 
inspection at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capitol 
Street NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC, and at the U.S. Coast Guard, 
Lifesaving and Fire Safety Division (G-MSE-4), 2100 Second Street SW., 
Washington, DC 20593-0001, and is available from the sources indicated 
in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this 
part and the sections affected are as follows:

           American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)            
                                                                        
1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA                                      
 19103                                                                  
    ASTM D93-94, Flash Point by     199.261; 199.290                    
 Pennsky-Martens Closed Cup Tester.                                     
ASTM F1003, Standard Specification  199.175                             
     for Searchlights on Motor                                          
 Lifeboats, 1986 (Reapproved 1992).                                     
ASTM F1014, Standard Specification  199.175                             
 for Flashlights on Vessels, 1986.                                      
                                                                        
                International Maritime Organization (IMO)               
                                                                        
4 Albert Embankment, London, SE1                                        
 7SR, England                                                           
     MSC Circular 699, Revised      199.217                             
  Guidelines for Passenger Safety                                       
    Instructions, 17 July 1995.                                         
   Resolution A.520(13), Code of    199.40                              
    Practice for the Evaluation,                                        
     Testing and Acceptance of                                          
    Prototype Novel Life-saving                                         
  Appliances and Arrangements, 17                                       
           November 1983.                                               
Resolution A.657(16), Instructions  199.175                             
  for Action in Survival Craft, 19                                      
           November 1989.                                               
   Resolution A.658(16), Use and    199.70; 199.176                     
    Fitting of Retro-reflective                                         
      Materials on Life-saving                                          
   Appliances, 20 November 1989.                                        
   Resolution A.760(18), Symbols    199.70; 199.90                      
 Related to Life-saving Appliances                                      
   and Arrangements, 17 November                                        
               1993.                                                    
       Resolution MSC.4(48),        199.30; 199.280                     
     International Code for the                                         
   Construction and Equipment of                                        
      Ships carrying Dangerous                                          
   Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code),                                        
               1994.                                                    
       Resolution MSC.5(48),        199.30; 199.280                     
     International Code for the                                         
   Construction and Equipment of                                        
 Ships carrying Liquefied Gases in                                      
      Bulk, (IGC Code), 1993.                                           
                                                                        

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996; 61 FR 40281, Aug. 1, 1996, as 
amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 199.07  Additional equipment and requirements.

    The OCMI may require a vessel to carry specialized or additional 
lifesaving equipment other than as required in this part if the OCMI 
determines that the conditions of a voyage present uniquely hazardous 
circumstances that are not adequately addressed by existing 
requirements.



Sec. 199.09  Equivalents.

    When this part requires a particular fitting, material, or 
lifesaving appliance or arrangement, the Commandant (G-MSE) may accept 
any other fitting, material, or lifesaving appliance or arrangement that 
is at least as effective as that required by this part. The Commandant 
may require engineering evaluations and tests to determine the 
equivalent effectiveness of the substitute fitting, material, or 
lifesaving appliance or arrangement.



Sec. 199.10  Applicability.

    (a) Unless expressly provided otherwise in this Chapter, this part 
applies to all inspected U.S. flag vessels.

[[Page 429]]

    (b) This part does not apply to nonself-propelled vessels without 
accommodations or work stations on board, and unless otherwise required 
by this chapter, does not apply to offshore supply vessels, mobile 
offshore drilling units, small passenger vessels, and sailing school 
vessels.
    (c) For purposes of the application of this part, a cargo vessel, 
whenever built, which is converted to a passenger vessel is deemed to be 
a passenger vessel that is constructed on the date on which the 
conversion commences.
    (d) This subpart and subparts B, C, and D of this part apply to 
vessels engaged on international voyages, except--
    (1) Cargo vessels of less than 500 tons gross tonnage;
    (2) Vessels not propelled by mechanical means;
    (3) Wooden vessels of primitive build; and
    (4) Vessels solely navigating the Great Lakes of North America and 
the River Saint Lawrence as far east as a straight line drawn from Cap 
des Rosiers to West Point, Anticosti Island and, on the north side 
Anticosti Island, the 63rd meridian.
    (e) Vessels engaged on international voyages which were constructed 
before July 1, 1986, must meet the requirements of 
Secs. 199.70(b)(4)(i), 199.80, 199.90, 199.100, 199.180, 199.190 
(paragraph (b) applies as much as practicable), 199.214, 199.217, 
199.250, 199.261 (b)(2) and (e), and 199.273, and must fit retro-
reflective material on all floating appliances, lifejackets and 
immersion suits. Except for the requirements of Secs. 199.261 (b)(2) and 
(e), vessels may retain the number, type, and arrangement of lifesaving 
appliances previously required and approved for the vessel, as long as 
the arrangement or appliance is maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the OCMI.
    (f) For the purposes of this part, the following vessels must meet 
the requirements for passenger vessels:
    (1) Passenger vessels.
    (2) Special purpose vessels carrying more than 50 special personnel.
    (3) Special purpose vessels carrying not more than 50 special 
personnel if the vessels meet the structural fire protection 
requirements in subchapter H of this chapter for passenger vessels of 
the same size.
    (g) For the purposes of this part, the following vessels must meet 
the requirements for cargo vessels:
    (1) Cargo vessels.
    (2) Tank vessels.
    (3) Special purpose vessels carrying not more than 50 special 
personnel that do not meet the structural fire protection requirements 
in subchapter H of this chapter for passenger vessels of the same size.
    (h)(1) Passenger vessels on international voyages must meet the 
requirements of this subpart and subparts B and C of this part.
    (2) Cargo vessels on international voyages must meet the 
requirements of this subpart and subparts B and D of this part.
    (3) The provisions for passenger vessels on short international 
voyages in this subpart and subparts B and C of this part do not apply 
to special purpose vessels described in paragraphs (f) (2) and (3) of 
this section.
    (i) Vessels not on international voyages and vessels listed in 
paragraph (d) of this section must meet the requirements of this subpart 
and subparts B, C, D, and E of this part unless otherwise exempted or 
permitted by subpart F of this part.
    (1) Vessels on other than international voyages and vessels listed 
in paragraph (d) of this section which were constructed prior to October 
1, 1996, must--
    (i) By October 1, 1997, meet the requirements of 
Secs. 199.70(b)(4)(i), 199.80, 199.90, 199.100, 199.180, 199.190 
(paragraph (b) applies as much as practicable), 199.217, 199.250, 
199.273, and 199.510, and fit retro-reflective material on all floating 
appliances, lifejackets and immersion suits;
    (ii) By October 1, 2001, passenger vessels must carry the number and 
type of survival craft specified in table 199.630 of this part and cargo 
vessels in oceans and coastwise service must carry the number and type 
of survival craft specified in Sec. 199.261 (b)(2) and (e);
    (iii) By October 1, 2001, passenger vessels must carry the immersion 
suits and thermal protective aids specified in Sec. 199.214; and

[[Page 430]]

    (iv) Except for the requirements in paragraphs (i)(1)(ii) and 
(i)(1)(iii) of this section, vessels may retain the arrangement of 
lifeboats, lifeboat davits, winches, inflatable liferafts, liferaft 
launching equipment, rescue boats, lifefloats, and buoyant apparatus 
previously required and approved for the vessel, as long as the 
arrangement or appliance is maintained in good condition to the 
satisfaction of the OCMI.
    (2) This paragraph does not apply to public vessels.
    (j) When any lifesaving appliance or arrangement on a vessel subject 
to this part is replaced, or when the vessel undergoes repairs, 
alterations or modifications of a major character involving replacement 
of, or any addition to, the existing lifesaving appliance or 
arrangements, each new lifesaving appliance and arrangement must meet 
the requirements of this part, unless the OCMI determines that the 
vessel cannot accommodate the new appliance or arrangement, except 
that--
    (1) A survival craft is not required to meet the requirements of 
this part if it is replaced without replacing its davit and winch; and
    (2) A davit and its winch are not required to meet the requirements 
of this part if one or both are replaced without replacing the survival 
craft.
    (k) No extensive repairs or alterations, except in an emergency, may 
be made to a lifesaving appliance without advance notification to the 
OCMI. Insofar as possible, each repair or alteration must be made with 
material and tested in the manner specified in this subchapter and 
applicable to the new construction requirements in subchapter Q of this 
chapter. Emergency repairs or alterations must be reported as soon as 
practicable to the OCMI, where the vessel may call after such repairs 
are made. Lifeboats, rescue boats, or rigid liferafts may not be 
reconditioned for use on a vessel other than the one they were 
originally built for, unless specifically accepted by the OCMI.



Sec. 199.20   Exemptions.

    (a) Vessels engaged on international voyages. (1) The following 
types of vessels engaged on international voyages may request an 
exemption from Commandant (G-MOC) from requirements of this part:
    (i) A vessel for which the sheltered nature and conditions of an 
international voyage would render the application of any specific 
requirements of this part unreasonable or unnecessary and which in the 
course of the voyage does not proceed more than 20 miles from the 
nearest land.
    (ii) A vessel embodying features of a novel kind to which the 
application of any provision of this part would seriously impede 
research into the development of such features and their incorporation 
on vessels engaged on international voyages.
    (2) A written request for exemption under this section must be 
submitted to the cognizant OCMI for review and forwarding to Commandant 
(G-MOC).
    (b) Single voyage exemption from SOLAS requirements. A vessel that 
is not normally engaged on international voyages, but which, under 
exceptional circumstances, is required to undertake a single 
international voyage, may be exempted from the applicable requirements 
in this subpart and subparts B, C, and D of this part by the Commandant 
(G-MOC). A written request for exemption under this paragraph must be 
submitted to the cognizant OCMI for review and forwarding to Commandant 
(G-MOC).
    (c) Exemption Certificates. When Commandant (G-MOC) grants an 
exemption under paragraph (a) or (b) of this section, an Exemption 
Certificate describing the exemption will be issued by the appropriate 
OCMI. The Exemption Certificate must be carried on board the vessel at 
all times and must be available to Coast Guard personnel upon request.
    (d) Vessels not engaged on international voyages. (1) If a District 
Commander determines that the overall safety of the persons on board a 
vessel will not be significantly reduced, the District Commander may 
grant an exemption from compliance with a provision of this part to a 
specific vessel for a specified geographic area within the boundaries of 
the Coast Guard District. This exemption may be limited to certain 
periods of the year.
    (2) Requests for exemption under this paragraph must be made in 
writing to

[[Page 431]]

the OCMI for transmission to the district Commander for the area in 
which the vessel is in service or will be in service.
    (3) If the exemption is granted by the District Commander, the OCMI 
will endorse the vessel's Certificate of Inspection with a statement 
describing the exemption.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996, as amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR 
50735, Sept. 27, 1996]



Sec. 199.30  Definitions.

    The following definitions apply to this part:
    Accommodation means a cabin, or other covered or enclosed place, 
intended to be occupied by persons. Each place in which passengers and 
special personnel is carried is considered an accommodation, whether or 
not it is covered or enclosed. Accommodations include, but are not 
limited to halls, dining rooms, mess rooms, lounges, corridors, 
lavatories, cabins, offices, hospitals, cinemas, game and hobby rooms, 
and other similar places open to persons on board.
    Anti-exposure suit means a protective suit designed for use by 
rescue boat crews and marine evacuation system parties.
    Approval series means the first six digits of a number assigned by 
the Coast Guard to approved equipment. Where approval is based on a 
subpart of subchapter Q of this chapter, the approval series corresponds 
to the number of the subpart. A listing of approved equipment, including 
all of the approval series, is published periodically by the Coast Guard 
in Equipment Lists (COMDTINST M16714.3 series), available from the 
Superintendent of Documents.
    Approved means carrying an approval granted by the Commandant under 
subchapter Q of this chapter.
    Cargo vessel means any vessel that is not a passenger vessel.
    Certificated person means a person holding a U.S. merchant mariner's 
document with an endorsement as a lifeboatman or another inclusive 
rating under part 12 of this chapter.
    Child, for the purpose of determining the number of lifejackets 
required under this part, means a person less than 41 kilograms (90 
pounds) in mass.
    Civilian nautical school means any school or branch thereof operated 
and conducted in the United States, except State nautical schools and 
schools operated by the United States or any agency thereof, which 
offers instruction for the primary purpose of training for service in 
the merchant marine.
    Coastwise voyage means a voyage on the waters of any ocean or the 
Gulf of Mexico no more than 20 nautical miles offshore.
    Commandant means the Commandant of the U.S. Coast Guard.
    Crew means all persons carried on board the vessel to provide 
navigation and maintenance of the vessel, its machinery, systems, and 
arrangements essential for propulsion and safe navigation or to provide 
services for other persons on board.
    District Commander means an officer of the U.S. Coast Guard 
designated by the Commandant to command all Coast Guard activities 
within a Coast Guard District. Coast Guard Districts are described in 33 
CFR part 2.
    Detection means the determination of the location of survivors or 
survival craft.
    Embarkation ladder means the ladder provided at survival craft 
embarkation stations to permit safe access to survival craft after 
launching.
    Embarkation station means the place where a survival craft is 
boarded.
    Extended-size lifejacket means a lifejacket that is approved for use 
by adults as well as by some larger children.
    Ferry means a vessel as described in Sec. 70.10-15 of this chapter.
    Float-free launching means that method of launching a survival craft 
or lifesaving appliance whereby the craft or appliance is automatically 
released from a sinking vessel and is ready for use.
    Free-fall launching means that method of launching a survival craft 
whereby the craft, with its full complement of persons and equipment on 
board, is released and allowed to fall into the sea without any 
restraining apparatus.
    Immersion suit means a protective suit that reduces loss of body 
heat of a person wearing it in cold water.

[[Page 432]]

    Inflatable appliance means an appliance that depends upon nonrigid, 
gas-filled chambers for buoyancy and that is normally kept uninflated 
until ready for use.
    Inflated appliance means an appliance that depends upon nonrigid, 
gas-filled chambers for buoyancy and that is kept inflated and ready for 
use at all times.
    International voyage means a voyage from the United States to a port 
outside the United States or conversely; or, a voyage originating and 
terminating at ports outside the United States. Voyages between the 
continental United States and Hawaii or Alaska, and voyages between 
Hawaii and Alaska, shall be considered international voyages for the 
purposes of this part.
    Lakes, bays, and sounds means the waters of any lakes, bays, or 
sounds other than the waters of the Great Lakes.
    Launching appliance or launching arrangement means the method or 
devices designed to transfer a survival craft or rescue boat from its 
stowed position to the water. For a launching arrangement using a davit, 
the term includes the davit, winch, and falls.
    Length of vessel, means the load-line length defined in Sec. 42.13-
15(a) of this chapter.
    Lifejacket means a flotation device approved as a life preserver or 
lifejacket.
    Major character means any repair, alteration or modification to a 
vessel that is a major conversion as decided by the Commandant (G-MCO).
    Major conversion means a conversion of a vessel that--
    (a) Substantially changes the dimensions or carrying capacity of the 
vessel;
    (b) Changes the type of the vessel;
    (c) Substantially prolongs the life of the vessel; or
    (d) Otherwise so changes the vessel that it is essentially a new 
vessel.
    Marine evacuation system means an appliance designed to rapidly 
transfer large numbers of persons from an embarkation station by means 
of a passage to a floating platform for subsequent embarkation into 
associated survival craft, or directly into associated survival craft.
    Mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) means a vessel capable of 
engaging in drilling operations for the exploration or exploitation of 
subsea resources.
    Muster station means the place where persons on board assemble 
before boarding a survival craft.
    Nautical school vessel means a vessel operated by or in connection 
with a nautical school or an educational institution under Section 13 of 
the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 1986.
    Novel lifesaving appliance or arrangement means a lifesaving 
appliance or arrangement that has new features not fully covered by the 
provisions of this part but that provides an equal or higher standard of 
safety.
    Ocean means the waters of any ocean or the Gulf of Mexico more than 
20 nautical miles offshore.
    Oceanographic research vessel means a vessel that the Secretary 
finds is being employed only in instruction in oceanography or 
limnology, or both, or only in oceanographic or limnological research, 
including those studies about the sea such as seismic, gravity meter, 
and magnetic exploration and other marine geophysical or geological 
surveys, atmospheric research, and biological research.
    Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI), means a Coast guard 
Officer responsible for marine inspection functions in a Marine 
Inspection Zone. Marine Inspection Zones are described in 33 CFR part 2.
    Passenger means--
    (a) On an international voyage, every person other than--
    (1) The master and the members of the crew or other persons employed 
or engaged in any capacity on board a vessel on the business of that 
vessel; and
    (2) A child under 1 year of age.
    (b) On other than an international voyage, an individual carried on 
the vessel, except--
    (1) The owner or an individual representative of the owner or, in 
the case of a vessel under charter, an individual charterer or 
individual representative of the charterer;
    (2) The master; or
    (3) A member of the crew engaged in the business of the vessel who 
has not

[[Page 433]]

contributed consideration for carriage and who is paid for onboard 
services.
    Passenger for hire means a passenger for whom consideration is 
contributed as a condition of carriage on the vessel, whether directly 
or indirectly flowing to the owner, charterer, operator, agent, or any 
other person having an interest in the vessel.
    Passenger vessel means--
    (a) On an international voyage, a vessel of at least 100 tons gross 
tonnage carrying more than 12 passengers; and
    (b) On other than an international voyage, a vessel of at least 100 
tons gross tonnage--
    (1) Carrying more than 12 passengers, including at least one 
passenger for hire; or
    (2) That is chartered and carrying more than 12 passengers.
    Public nautical school means any school or branch thereof operated 
by any State or political subdivision thereof or a school operated by 
the United States Maritime Administration that offers instruction for 
the primary purpose of training for service in the merchant marine.
    Public vessel means a vessel that--
    (a) Is owned, or demise chartered, and operated by the U.S. 
Government or a government of a foreign country including a vessel 
operated by the Coast Guard or Saint Lawrence Seaway Development 
Corporation, but not a vessel owned or operated by the Department of 
Transportation or any corporation organized or controlled by the 
Department; and
    (b) Is not engaged in commercial service.
    Rescue boat means a boat designed to rescue persons in distress and 
to marshal survival craft.
    Retrieval means the safe recovery of survivors.
    Rivers, in relation to vessel service, means operating exclusively 
in the waters of rivers and/or canals.
    Seagoing condition means the operating condition of the vessel with 
the personnel, equipment, fluids, and ballast necessary for safe 
operation on the waters where the vessel operates.
    Scientific personnel means individuals on board an oceanographic 
research vessel only to engage in scientific research, or to instruct or 
receive instruction in oceanography or limnology.
    Similar stage of construction means the stage at which--
    (a) Construction identifiable with a specific vessel begins; and
    (b) Assembly of that vessel has commenced comprising at least 50 
metric tons (55.1 U.S. tons) or 1 percent of the estimated mass of all 
structural material, whichever is less.
    Short international voyage is an international voyage in the course 
of which a vessel is not more than 200 miles from a port or place in 
which the passengers and crew could be placed in safety. Neither the 
distance between the last port of call in the country in which the 
voyage begins and the final port of destination, nor the return voyage, 
may exceed 600 miles. The final port of destination is the last port of 
call in the scheduled voyage at which the vessel commences its return 
voyage to the country in which the voyage began.
    Special personnel means all persons who are not passengers or 
members of the crew and who are carried on board a special purpose 
vessel in connection with the special purpose of that vessel or because 
of special work being carried out aboard that vessel. Special personnel 
include--
    (a) On oceanographic research vessels, scientific personnel; and
    (b) On nautical school vessels, students, cadets, and instructors 
who are not members of the crew.
    Special purpose vessel means a mechanically self-propelled vessel 
which by reason of its function carries on board more than 12 special 
personnel including passengers. Special purpose vessels include 
oceanographic research vessels and nautical school vessels.
    Survival craft means a craft capable of sustaining the lives of 
persons in distress from the time of abandoning the vessel on which the 
persons were originally carried. The term includes lifeboats, liferafts, 
buoyant apparatus, and lifefloats, but does not include rescue boats.
    Tank vessel means a vessel that is constructed or adapted to carry, 
or that carries, oil or hazardous material in bulk as cargo or cargo 
residue, and that--

[[Page 434]]

    (a) Is a vessel of the United States;
    (b) Operates on the navigable waters of the United States; or
    (c) Transfers oil or hazardous material in a port or place subject 
to the jurisdiction of the United States.
    Toxic vapor or gas means a product for which emergency escape 
respiratory protection is required under Subchapter 17 of the 
International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships carrying 
Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code) and under Subchapter 19 of the 
International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships carrying 
Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code).
    Vessel constructed means a vessel, the keel of which is laid or 
which is at a similar stage of construction.
    Warm water means water where the monthly mean low water temperature 
is normally more than 15  deg.C (59  deg.F).



Sec. 199.40  Evaluation, testing and approval of lifesaving appliances and arrangements.

    (a) Each item of lifesaving equipment required by this part to be 
carried on board the vessel must be approved.
    (b) Each item of lifesaving equipment carried on board the vessel in 
addition to those required by this part must--
    (1) Be approved; or
    (2) Be accepted by the cognizant OCMI for use on the vessel.
    (c) The Commandant (G-MSE) may accept a novel lifesaving appliance 
or arrangement if it provides a level of safety equivalent to the 
requirements of this part and the appliance or arrangement--
    (1) Is evaluated and tested in accordance with IMO Resolution 
A.520(13), Code of Practice for the Evaluation, Testing and Acceptance 
of Prototype Novel Life-saving Appliances and Arrangements; or
    (2) Has successfully undergone evaluation and tests that are 
substantially equivalent to those recommendations.
    (d) During the vessel's construction and when any modification to 
the lifesaving arrangement is done after construction, a vessel owner 
must obtain acceptance of lifesaving arrangements from the Commandant 
(G-MSC).
    (e) The OCMI may accept substitute lifesaving appliances other than 
those required by this part except for--
    (1) Survival craft and rescue boats; and
    (2) Survival craft and rescue boat launching and embarkation 
appliances.
    (f) Acceptance of lifesaving appliances and arrangements will remain 
in effect unless--
    (1) The OCMI deems their condition to be unsatisfactory or unfit for 
the service intended; or
    (2) The OCMI deems the crew's ability to use and assist others in 
the use of the lifesaving appliances or arrangements to be inadequate.



Sec. 199.45  Tests and inspections of lifesaving equipment and arrangements.

    (a) Initial inspection. The initial inspection of lifesaving 
appliances and arrangements for certification includes a demonstration 
of--
    (1) The proper condition and operation of the survival craft and 
rescue boat launching appliances at loads ranging from light load to 10 
percent overload;
    (2) The proper condition and operation of lifeboats and rescue 
boats, including engines and release mechanisms;
    (3) The proper condition of flotation equipment such as lifebuoys, 
lifejackets, immersion suits, work vests, lifefloats, buoyant apparatus, 
and associated equipment;
    (4) The proper condition of distress signaling equipment, including 
emergency position indicating radiobeacons (EPIRB), search and rescue 
transponders (SART), and pyrotechnic signaling devices;
    (5) The proper condition of line-throwing appliances;
    (6) The proper condition and operation of embarkation appliances, 
including embarkation ladders and marine evacuation systems;
    (7) The ability of the crew to effectively carry out abandon-ship 
and fire-fighting procedures; and
    (8) The ability to meet the egress and survival craft launching 
requirements of this part.
    (b) Reinspections. Tests and inspections of the lifesaving equipment 
shall

[[Page 435]]

be carried out during each inspection for renewal of certification, and 
shall include, as applicable, a demonstration of--
    (1) The proper condition and operation of the survival craft and 
rescue boat launching appliances at loads ranging from light load to 
full load, except that any portion of the load test conducted in 
connection with replacement or end-for-ending of a fall since the 
vessel's last inspection or reinspection, need not be repeated;
    (2) The proper condition and operation of lifeboats and rescue 
boats, including engines and release mechanisms;
    (3) The proper condition of flotation equipment such as lifebuoys, 
lifejackets, immersion suits, work vests, lifefloats, buoyant apparatus, 
and associated equipment;
    (4) The proper servicing of each inflatable liferaft and inflatable 
lifejacket has been serviced as required under this chapter;
    (5) The proper servicing of each hydrostatic release unit, other 
than a disposable hydrostatic release unit, as required under this 
chapter; and
    (6) The ability of crew to effectively carry out abandon-ship and 
fire-fighting procedures.
    (c) Other inspections. (1) Lifesaving appliances and arrangements 
are subject to tests and inspections described in paragraph (a) of this 
section whenever a new lifesaving appliance is installed on the vessel. 
The test in paragraph (a)(1) of this section must be carried out 
whenever a wire fall for a launching appliance is replaced or turned 
end-for-end.
    (2) Lifesaving appliances and arrangements are subject to tests and 
inspections described in paragraph (b) of this section during vessel 
boardings to ensure that the appliances and arrangements comply with 
applicable requirements, are in satisfactory condition, and remain fit 
for the service.



                 Subpart B--Requirements for All Vessels



Sec. 199.60  Communications.

    (a) Radio lifesaving appliances. Radio lifesaving appliance 
installations and arrangements must meet the requirements of 47 CFR part 
80.
    (b) Emergency position indicating radiobeacons (EPIRB) and search 
and rescue transponders (SART). Each EPIRB and SART should have the name 
of the vessel plainly marked or painted on its label, except for EPIRBs 
or SARTs in an inflatable liferaft or permanently installed in a 
survival craft.
    (c) Distress signals. Each vessel must--
    (1) Carry not less than 12 rocket parachute flares approved under 
approval series 160.136; and
    (2) Stow the flares on or near the vessel's navigating bridge.
    (d) Onboard communications and alarm systems. Each vessel must meet 
the requirements for onboard communications between emergency control 
stations, muster and embarkation stations, and strategic positions on 
board. Each vessel must also meet the emergency alarm system 
requirements in subchapter J of this chapter, which must be supplemented 
by either a public address system or other suitable means of 
communication.



Sec. 199.70  Personal lifesaving appliances.

    (a) Lifebuoys. Each vessel must carry lifebuoys approved under 
approval series 160.150 as follows:
    (1) Stowage. Lifebuoys must be stowed as follows:
    (i) Each lifebuoy must be capable of being rapidly cast loose.
    (ii) No lifebuoy may be permanently secured to the vessel in any 
way.
    (iii) Each lifebuoy stowage position must be marked with either the 
words ``LIFEBUOY'' or ``LIFE BUOY'', or with the appropriate symbol from 
IMO Resolution A.760(18).
    (iv) Lifebuoys must be so distributed as to be readily available on 
each side of the vessel and, as far as practicable, on each open deck 
extending to the side of the vessel. At least one lifebuoy must be 
located near the stern of the vessel. The lifebuoys with attached self-
igniting lights must be equally distributed on both sides of the vessel.
    (v) At least two lifebuoys, each with attached self-activating smoke 
signals, must be stowed where they can be

[[Page 436]]

quickly released from the navigating bridge and should, when released, 
fall directly into the water without striking any part of the vessel.
    (2) Markings. Each lifebuoy must be marked in block capital letters 
with the name of the vessel and the name of the port required to be 
marked on the stern of the vessel under Sec. 67.13 of this chapter.
    (3) Attachments and fittings. Lifebuoys must have the following 
attachments and fittings:
    (i) At least one lifebuoy on each side of the vessel fitted with a 
buoyant lifeline that is--
    (A) At least as long as twice the height where it is stowed above 
the waterline with the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition, or 30 
meters (100 feet) in length, whichever is the greater;
    (B) Non-kinking;
    (C) Not less than 8 millimeters (\5/16\ inch) in diameter;
    (D) Of a breaking strength which is not less than 5 kiloNewtons 
(1,124 pounds-force); and
    (E) Is, if synthetic, a dark color or certified by the manufacturer 
to be resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light.
    (ii) At least one-half the total number of lifebuoys on the vessel 
must each be fitted with a self-igniting light approved under approval 
series 161.010. The self-igniting light may not be attached to the 
lifebuoys required by this section to be fitted with lifelines.
    (iii) At least two lifebuoys on the vessel must be fitted with a 
self-activating smoke signal approved under approval series 160.157. 
Lifebuoys fitted with smoke signals must also be fitted with lights.
    (b) Lifejackets. Each vessel must carry lifejackets approved under 
approval series 160.155, 160.176 or 160.177. If the vessel carries 
inflatable lifejackets, they must be of the same or similar design and 
have the same method of operation.
    (1) General. Each vessel must carry a lifejacket for each person on 
board, and in addition--
    (i) A number of lifejackets suitable for children equal to at least 
10 percent of the total number of passengers on board must be provided, 
or such greater number as may be required to provide a lifejacket of 
suitable size for each person smaller than the lower size limit of the 
adult-size lifejacket; and
    (ii) A sufficient number of lifejackets must be carried for persons 
on watch and for use at remotely located survival craft stations.
    (2) Stowage. Lifejackets must be stowed as follows:
    (i) The lifejackets must be readily accessible.
    (ii) The child-size lifejackets must be stowed separately from the 
adult lifejackets.
    (iii) The lifejackets stowage positions must be marked with the 
words ``LIFEJACKETS'' or ``CHILD LIFEJACKETS'' as appropriate, or with 
the appropriate symbol from IMO Resolution A.760(18).
    (iv) The additional lifejackets for persons on watch required by 
paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section must be stowed on the bridge, in 
the engine control room, and at other manned watch stations.
    (v) Where, due to the particular arrangements of the vessel, the 
lifejackets required by paragraph (b) of this section may become 
inaccessible, alternative provisions must be made to the satisfaction of 
the OCMI that may include an increase in the number of lifejackets to be 
carried.
    (3) Markings. Each lifejacket must be marked--
    (i) In block capital letters with the name of the vessel; and
    (ii) With Type I retro-reflective material approved under approval 
series 164.018. The arrangement of the retro-reflective material must 
meet IMO Resolution A.658(16).
    (4) Attachments and fittings. Lifejackets must have the following 
attachments and fittings:
    (i) Each lifejacket must have a lifejacket light approved under 
approval series 161.112 securely attached to the front shoulder area of 
the lifejacket.
    (ii) Each lifejacket must have a whistle firmly secured by a cord to 
the lifejacket.
    (c) Rescue boat and marine evacuation system immersion suits or 
anti-exposure suits--(1) General. Each vessel, except vessels operating 
on routes between 32 degrees north latitude and 32 degrees

[[Page 437]]

south latitude, must carry immersion suits approved under approval 
series 160.171 or anti-exposure suits approved under approval series 
160.153 of suitable size for each person assigned to the rescue boat 
crew and each person assigned to a marine evacuation system crew.
    (2) Stowage. Immersion suits or anti-exposure suits must be stowed 
so they are readily accessible. The stowage positions must be marked 
with either the words ``IMMERSION SUITS'' or ``ANTI-EXPOSURE SUITS'' as 
appropriate, or with the appropriate symbol from IMO Resolution 
A.760(18).
    (3) Markings. Each immersion suit or anti-exposure suit must be 
marked in block capital letters with the name of the vessel.
    (4) Attachments and fittings. Immersion suits or anti-exposure suits 
must have the following attachments and fittings:
    (i) Each immersion suit or anti-exposure suit must have a lifejacket 
light approved under approval series 161.112 securely attached to the 
front shoulder area of the immersion suit or anti-exposure suit.
    (ii) Each immersion suit or anti-exposure suit must have a whistle 
firmly secured by a cord to the immersion suit or anti-exposure suit.
    (d) Lifejacket, immersion suit, and anti-exposure suit containers. 
Each lifejacket, immersion suit, and anti-exposure suit container must 
be marked in block capital letters and numbers with the quantity, 
identity, and size of the equipment stowed inside the container. The 
equipment may be identified in words or with the appropriate symbol from 
IMO Resolution A.760(18).



Sec. 199.80  Muster list and emergency instructions.

    (a) General. Clear instructions must be provided on the vessel that 
detail the actions each person on board should follow in the event of an 
emergency.
    (b) Muster list. Copies of the muster list must be posted in 
conspicuous places throughout the vessel including on the navigating 
bridge, in the engine room, and in crew accommodation spaces. The muster 
list must be posted before the vessel begins its voyage. After the 
muster list has been prepared, if any change takes place that 
necessitates an alteration in the muster list, the master must either 
revise the existing muster list or prepare a new one. Each muster lists 
must at least specify--
    (1) The instructions for operating the general emergency alarm 
system and public address system;
    (2) The emergency signals;
    (3) The actions to be taken by the persons on board when each signal 
is sounded;
    (4) The order to abandon the vessel will be given;
    (5) The officers that are assigned to make sure that lifesaving and 
firefighting appliances are maintained in good condition and ready for 
immediate use;
    (6) The duties assigned to the different members of the crew. Duties 
to be specified include--
    (i) Closing the watertight doors, fire doors, valves, scuppers, 
sidescuttles, skylights, portholes, and other similar openings in the 
vessel's hull;
    (ii) Equipping the survival craft and other lifesaving appliances;
    (iii) Preparing and launching the survival craft;
    (iv) Preparing other lifesaving appliances;
    (v) Mustering the passengers and other persons on board;
    (vi) Using communication equipment;
    (vii) Manning the emergency squad assigned to deal with fires and 
other emergencies; and
    (viii) Using firefighting equipment and installations.
    (7) The duties assigned to members of the crew in relation to 
passengers and other persons on board in case of an emergency. Assigned 
duties to be specified include--
    (i) Warning the passengers and other persons on board;
    (ii) Seeing that passengers and other persons on board are suitably 
dressed and have donned their lifejackets or immersion suits correctly;
    (iii) Assembling passengers and other persons on board at muster 
stations;
    (iv) Keeping order in the passageways and on the stairways and 
generally controlling the movements of the passengers and other persons 
on board; and

[[Page 438]]

    (v) Making sure that a supply of blankets is taken to the survival 
craft; and
    (8) The substitutes for key persons if they are disabled, taking 
into account that different emergencies require different actions.
    (c) Emergency instructions. Illustrations and instructions in 
English, and any other appropriate language as determined by the OCMI, 
must be posted in each passenger cabin and in spaces occupied by persons 
other than crew, and must be conspicuously displayed at each muster 
station. The illustrations and instructions must include information 
on--
    (1) The fire and emergency signal;
    (2) Their muster station;
    (3) The essential actions they must take in an emergency;
    (4) The location of lifejackets, including child-size lifejackets; 
and
    (5) The method of donning lifejackets.



Sec. 199.90  Operating instructions.

    Each vessel must have posters or signs displayed in the vicinity of 
each survival craft and the survival craft's launching controls that--
    (a) Illustrate the purpose of controls;
    (b) Illustrate the procedures for operating the launching device;
    (c) Give relevant instructions or warnings;
    (d) Can be easily seen under emergency lighting conditions; and
    (e) Display symbols in accordance with IMO Resolution A.760(18).



Sec. 199.100  Manning of survival craft and supervision.

    (a) There must be a sufficient number of trained persons on board 
the vessel for mustering and assisting untrained persons.
    (b) There must be a sufficient number of deck officers, able seamen, 
or certificated persons on board the vessel to operate the survival 
craft and launching arrangements required for abandonment by the total 
number of persons on board.
    (c) There must be one person placed in charge of each survival craft 
to be used. The person in charge must--
    (1) Be a deck officer, able seaman, or certificated person. The 
OCMI, considering the nature of the voyage, the number of persons 
permitted on board, and the characteristics of the vessel, may permit 
persons practiced in the handling and operation of liferafts or 
inflatable buoyant apparatus to be placed in charge of liferafts or 
inflatable buoyant apparatus; and
    (2) Have a list of the survival craft crew and ensure that the 
crewmembers are acquainted with their duties.
    (d) There must be a second-in-command designated for each lifeboat. 
This person should be a deck officer, able seaman, or certificated 
person. The second-in-command of a lifeboat must also have a list of the 
lifeboat crew.
    (e) There must be a person assigned to each motorized survival craft 
who is capable of operating the engine and carrying out minor 
adjustments.
    (f) The master must make sure that the persons required under 
paragraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) of this section are equitable 
distributed among the vessel's survival craft.



Sec. 199.110  Survival craft muster and embarkation arrangements.

    (a) Each muster station must have sufficient space to accommodate 
all persons assigned to muster at that station. One or more muster 
stations must be close to each embarkation station.
    (b) Each muster station and embarkation station must be readily 
accessible to accommodation and work areas.
    (c) Each muster station and embarkation station must be adequately 
illuminated by lighting with power supplied from the vessel's emergency 
source of electrical power.
    (d) Each alleyway, stairway, and exit giving access to a muster and 
embarkation station must be adequately illuminated by lighting that is 
capable of having its power supplied by the vessel's emergency source of 
electrical power.
    (e) Each davit-launched and free-fall survival craft muster station 
and embarkation station must be arranged to enable stretcher cases to be 
placed in the survival craft.
    (f) Each launching station, or each two adjacent launching stations, 
must have an embarkation ladder as follows:

[[Page 439]]

    (1) Each embarkation ladder must be approved under approval series 
160.117 or be a rope ladder approved under approval series 160.017.
    (2) Each embarkation ladder must extend in a single length from the 
deck to the waterline with the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition 
under unfavorable conditions of trim and with the vessel listed not less 
than 15 degrees either way.
    (3) Provided that there is at least one embarkation ladder on each 
side of the vessel, the OCMI may permit additional embarkation ladders 
to be other approved devices that provide safe and rapid access to 
survival craft in the water.
    (4) The OCMI man accept other safe and effective means of 
embarkation for use with a liferaft required under Sec. 199.261(e).
    (g) If a davit-launched survival craft is embarked over the edge of 
the deck, the craft must be provided with a means for bringing it 
against the side of the vessel and holding it alongside the vessel to 
allow persons to safely embark.
    (h) If a davit-launched survival craft is not intended to be moved 
to the stowed position with persons on board, the craft must be provided 
with a means for bringing it against the side of the vessel and holding 
it alongside the vessel to allow persons to safely disembark after a 
drill.



Sec. 199.120  Launching stations.

    (a) Each launching station must be positioned to ensure safe 
launching with clearance from the propeller and from the steeply 
overhanging portions of the hull.
    (b) Each survival craft must be launched down the straight side of 
the vessel, except for free-fall launched survival craft.
    (c) Each launching station in the forward part of the vessel must--
    (1) Be in a sheltered position that is located aft of the collision 
bulkhead; and
    (2) Have a launching appliance approved with an endorsement as being 
of sufficient strength for forward installation.



Sec. 199.130  Stowage of survival craft.

    (a) General. Each survival craft must be stowed--
    (1) As close to the accommodation and service spaces as possible;
    (2) So that neither the survival craft nor its stowage arrangements 
will interfere with the embarkation and operation of any other survival 
craft or rescue boat at any other launching station;
    (3) As near the water surface as is safe and practicable;
    (4) Except for liferafts intended for throw-overboard launching, not 
less than 2 meters above the waterline with the vessel--
    (i) In the fully loaded condition;
    (ii) Under unfavorable conditions of trim; and
    (iii) Listed up to 20 degrees either way, or to the angle at which 
the vessel's weatherdeck edge becomes submerged, whichever is less.
    (5) Sufficiently ready for use so that two crew members can complete 
preparations for embarkation and launching in less than 5 minutes;
    (6) In a secure and sheltered position and protected from damage by 
fire and explosion, as far as practicable; and
    (7) So as not to require lifting from its stowed position in order 
to launch, except that--
    (i) A davit-launched liferaft may be lifted by a manually powered 
winch from its stowed position to its embarkation position; or
    (ii) A survival craft that weights 185 kilograms (407.8 pounds) or 
less may be lifted not more than 300 millimeters (1 foot) in order to 
launch.
    (b) Additional lifeboat stowage requirements. In addition to the 
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, each lifeboat must be 
stowed as follows:
    (1) Each lifeboat for lowering down the side of the vessel must be 
stowed as far forward of the vessel's propeller as practicable. Each 
lifeboat, in its stowed position, must be protected from damage by heavy 
seas.
    (2) Each lifeboat must be stowed attached to its launching 
appliance.
    (3) Each lifeboat must have a means for recharging the lifeboat 
batteries from the vessel's power supply at a supply voltage not 
exceeding 50 volts.

[[Page 440]]

    (c) Additional liferaft stowage requirements. In addition to the 
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, each liferaft must be 
stowed as follows:
    (1) Each liferaft must be stowed to permit manual release from its 
securing arrangements.
    (2) Each liferaft must be stowed at a height above the waterline not 
greater than the maximum stowage height indicated on the liferaft 
container with the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition. Each 
liferaft without an indicated maximum stowage height must be stowed not 
more than 18 meters (59 feet) above the waterline with the vessel in its 
lightest seagoing condition.
    (3) Each liferaft must be arranged to permit it to drop into the 
water from the deck on which it is stowed. A liferaft stowage 
arrangements meets this requirement if it--
    (i) Is outboard of the rail or bulwark;
    (ii) Is on stanchions or on a platform adjacent to the rail or 
bulwark; or
    (iii) Has a gate or other suitable opening large enough to allow the 
liferaft to be pushed directly overboard and, if the liferaft is 
intended to be available for use on either side of the vessel, such gate 
or opening is provided on each side of the vessel.
    (4) Each davit-launched liferaft must be stowed within reach of its 
lifting hook, unless some means of transfer is provided that is not 
rendered inoperable--
    (i) Within the limits of trim and list specified in paragraph (a)(4) 
of this section;
    (ii) By vessel motion; or
    (iii) By power failure.
    (5) Each rigid container for an inflatable liferaft to be launched 
by a launching appliance must be secured so that the container or parts 
of it do not fall into the water during and after inflation and 
launching of the contained liferaft.
    (6) Each liferaft must have a painter system providing a connection 
between the vessel and the liferaft.
    (7) Each liferaft or group of liferafts must be arranged for float-
free launching. The arrangement must ensure that the liferaft or 
liferafts, when released and inflated, are not dragged under by the 
sinking vessel. A hydrostatic release unit used in a float-free 
arrangement must be approved under approval series 160.162.



Sec. 199.140  Stowage of rescue boats.

    (a) General. Rescue boats must be stowed--
    (1) To be ready for launching in not many than 5 minutes;
    (2) In a position suitable for launching and recovery;
    (3) In a way that neither the rescue boat nor its stowage 
arrangements will interfere with the operation of any survival craft at 
any other launching station; and
    (4) If it is also a lifeboat, in compliance with the requirements of 
Sec. 199.130.
    (b) Each rescue boat must have a means provided for recharging the 
rescue boat batteries from the vessel's power supply at a supply voltage 
not exceeding 50 volts.
    (c) Each inflated rescue boat must be kept fully inflated at all 
times.



Sec. 199.145  Marine evacuation system launching arrangements.

    (a) Arrangements. Each marine evacuation system must--
    (1) Be capable of being deployed by one person;
    (2) Enable the total number of persons for which it is designed, to 
be transferred from the vessel into the inflated liferafts within a 
period of 30 minutes in the case of a passenger vessel and 10 minutes in 
the case of a cargo vessel from the time an abandon-ship signal is 
given;
    (3) Be arranged so that liferafts may be securely attached to and 
released from the marine evacuation system platform by a person either 
in the liferaft or on the platform;
    (4) Be capable of being deployed from the vessel under unfavorable 
conditions of trim of up to 10 degrees either way and of list of up to 
20 degrees either way;
    (5) If the marine evacuation system has an inclined slide, it must--
    (i) Be arranged so the angle of the slide from horizontal is within 
a range of 30 to 35 degrees when the vessel is upright and in its 
lightest seagoing condition; and
    (ii) If the vessel is a passenger vessel, be arranged so the angle 
of the slide

[[Page 441]]

from horizontal is no more than 55 degrees in the final stage of 
flooding as described in subchapter S of this chapter; and
    (6) Be capable of being restrained by a bowsing line or other 
positioning system that is designed to deploy automatically and if 
necessary, is capable of being adjusted to the position required for 
evacuation.
    (b) Stowage. Each marine evacuation system must be stowed as 
follows:
    (1) There must not be any openings between the marine evacuation 
system's embarkation station and the vessel's side at the waterline with 
the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition.
    (2) The marine evacuation system's launching positions must be 
arranged, as far as practicable, to be straight down the vessel's side 
and to safely clear the propeller and any steeply overhanging positions 
of the hull.
    (3) The marine evacuation system must be protected from any 
projections of the vessel's structure or equipment.
    (4) The marine evacuation system's passage and platform, when 
deployed; its stowage container; and its operational arrangement must 
not interfere with the operation of any other lifesaving appliance at 
any other launching station.
    (5) The marine evacuation system's stowage area must be protected 
from damage by heavy seas.
    (c) Stowage of associated liferafts. Inflatable liferafts used in 
conjunction with the marine evacuation system must be stowed--
    (1) Close to the system container, but capable of dropping clear of 
the deployed chute and boarding platform;
    (2) So it is capable of individual release from its stowage rack;
    (3) In accordance with the requirements of Sec. 199.130; and
    (4) With pre-connected or easily connected retrieving lines to the 
platform.



Sec. 199.150  Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements; general.

    (a)(1) Each launching appliance for a lifeboat must be approved 
under approval series 160.132 with a winch approved under approval 
series 160.115.
    (2) Each launching appliance for a davit-launched liferaft must be 
approved under approval series 160.163 with an automatic disengaging 
apparatus approved under approval series 160.170.
    (b) Unless expressly provided otherwise in this part, each survival 
craft must be provided with a launching appliance or marine evacuation 
system, except those survival craft that--
    (1) Can be boarded from a position on deck less than 4.5 meters 
(14.75 feet) above the waterline with the vessel in its lightest 
seagoing condition and that are stowed for launching directly from the 
stowed position under unfavorable conditions of trim of 10 degrees and 
list of 20 degrees either way;
    (2) [Reserved]
    (3) Are carried in excess of the survival craft for 200 percent of 
the total number of persons on board the vessel, and that have a mass of 
not more than 185 kilograms (407 pounds);
    (4) Are carried in excess of the survival craft for 200 percent of 
the total number of persons on board the vessel and that are stowed for 
launching directly from the stowed position under unfavorable conditions 
or trim of 10 degrees and list of 20 degrees either way; or
    (5) Are provided for use in conjunction with a marine evacuation 
system and that are stowed for launching directly from the stowed 
position under unfavorable conditions of trim of 10 degrees and list of 
20 degrees either way.
    (c) With the exception of the secondary means of launching for free-
fall lifeboats, each launching appliance must be arranged so that the 
fully equipped survival craft it serves can be safely launched against 
unfavorable conditions of trim of up to 10 degrees either way and of 
list of up to 20 degrees either way--
    (1) When the survival craft is loaded with its full complement of 
persons; and
    (2) When not more than the required operating crew is on board.
    (d) A launching appliance must not depend on any means other than 
gravity or stored mechanical power, independent of the vessel's power 
supplies, to launch the survival craft it serves in both the fully 
loaded and equipped condition and in the light condition.
    (e) Each launching appliance's structural attachment to the vessel 
must be

[[Page 442]]

designed, based on the ultimate strength of the construction material, 
to be at least 4.5 times the load imparted on the attachment by the 
launching appliance and its fully loaded survival craft under the most 
adverse combination of list and trim under paragraph (c) of this 
section.
    (f) Each launching appliance must be arranged so that--
    (1) All parts requiring regular maintenance by the vessel's crew are 
readily accessible and easily maintained;
    (2) The launching appliance remains effective under conditions of 
icing;
    (3) The same type of release mechanism is used for each similar 
survival craft carried on board the vessel;
    (4) The preparation and handling of each survival craft at any one 
launching station does not interfere with the prompt preparation and 
handling of any other survival craft at any other station;
    (5) The persons on board the vessel can safely and rapidly board the 
survival craft; and
    (6) During preparation and launching, the survival craft, its 
launching appliance, and the area of water into which it is to be 
launched are illuminated by lighting supplied from the vessel's 
emergency source of electrical power.
    (g) Each launching and recovery arrangement must allow the operator 
on the deck to observe the survival craft at all times during launching.
    (h) Means must be provided outside the machinery space to prevent 
any discharge of water onto survival craft during launching.
    (i) If there is a danger of the survival craft being damaged by the 
vessel's stabilizer wings, the stabilizer wings must be able to be 
brought inboard using power from the emergency source of electrical 
power. Indicators operated by the vessel's emergency power system must 
be provided on the navigating bridge to show the position of the 
stabilizer wings.



Sec. 199.153  Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements using falls and a winch.

    Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements, in addition to 
meeting the requirements in Sec. 199.150, must meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Each launching mechanism must be arranged so it may be actuated 
by one person from a position on the vessel's deck, and except for 
secondary launching appliances for free-fall launching arrangements, 
from a position within the survival craft.
    (b) Each fall wire must be of rotation-resistant and corrosion-
resistant steel wire rope.
    (c) The breaking strength of each fall wire and each attachment used 
on the fall must be at least six times the load imparted on the fall by 
the fully-loaded survival craft.
    (d) Each fall must be long enough for the survival craft to reach 
the water with the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition, under 
unfavorable conditions of trim, and with the vessel listed not less than 
20 degrees either way.
    (e) Each unguarded fall must not pass near any operating position of 
the winch, such as hand cranks, pay out wheels, and brake levers.
    (f) Each winch drum must be arranged so the fall wire winds onto the 
drum in a level wrap. A multiple drum winch must be arranged so that the 
falls wind off at the same rate when lowering and onto the drums at the 
same rate when hoisting.
    (g) Each fall, where exposed to damage or fouling, must have guards 
or equivalent protection. Each fall that leads along a deck must be 
covered with a guard that is not more than 300 millimeters (1 foot) 
above the deck.
    (h) The lowering speed for a fully loaded survival craft must be not 
less than the speed obtained from one of the following formulas:
    (1) S=0.4+(0.02 H), where S the lowering speed in meters per second 
and H is the lowering height in meters from the davit head to the 
waterline with the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition, with H not 
greater than 30 regardless of the actula lowering height.
    (2) S=79+(1.2 H), where S is the lowering speed in feet per minute 
and H is the lowering height in feet from the davit head to thee 
waterline with the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition, with H not 
greater than 99 regardless of the actual lowering height.
    (i) The lowering speed for a survival craft loaded with all of its 
equipment must be not less than 70 percent of the

[[Page 443]]

speed required under paragraph (g) of this section.
    (j) The lowering speed for a fully loaded survival craft must be not 
more than 1.3 meters per second (256 feet per minute).
    (k) If a survival craft is recovered by electric power, the 
electrical installation, including the electric power-operated boat 
winch, must meet the requirements in subchapter J of this chapter. If a 
survival craft is recovered by any means using power, including a 
portable power source, safety devices must be provided that 
automatically cut off the power before the davit arms or falls reach the 
stops in order to avoid overstressing the falls or davits, unless the 
motor is designed to prevent such overstressing.
    (l) Each launching appliance must be fitted with brakes that meet 
the following requirements:
    (1) The brakes must be capable of stopping the descent of the 
survival craft or rescue boat and holding the survival craft or rescue 
boat securely when loaded with its full complement of persons and 
equipment.
    (2) The brake pads must, where necessary, be protected from water 
and oil.
    (3) Manual brakes must be arranged so that the brake is always 
applied unless the operator, or a mechanism activated by the operator, 
holds the brake control in the off position.



Sec. 199.155   Lifeboat launching and recovery arrangements.

    Lifeboat launching and recovery arrangements, in addition to meeting 
the requirements in Secs. 199.150 and 199.153, must meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Each lifeboat must be provided with a launching appliance. The 
launching appliance must be capable of launching and recovering the 
lifeboat with its crew.
    (b) Each launching appliance arrangement must allow the operator on 
the vessel to observe the lifeboat at all times during recovery.
    (c) Each launching appliance arrangement must be designed to ensure 
persons can safely disembark from the survival craft prior to its 
stowage.
    (d) Each lifeboat, other than a totally enclosed lifeboat, must be 
provided with a davit span with not less than two lifelines of 
sufficient length to reach the water with the vessel in its lightest 
seagoing condition, under unfavorable conditions of trim, and with the 
vessel listed up to 20 degrees either way.



Sec. 199.157   Free-fall lifeboat launching and recovery arrangements.

    (a) The launching appliance for a free-fall lifeboat must be 
designed and installed so that the launching appliance and the lifeboat 
it serves operate as a system to protect the occupants from harmful 
acceleration forces and to effectively clear the vessel.
    (b) The launching appliance must be designed and arranged so that, 
in its ready to launch position, the distance from the lowest point on 
the lifeboat it serves to the water surface with the vessel in its 
lightest seagoing condition does not exceed the lifeboat's certificated 
free-fall height.
    (c) The launching appliance must be arranged to preclude accidental 
release of the lifeboat in its unattended stowed position. If the means 
provided to secure the lifeboat cannot be released from inside the 
lifeboat, the means to secure the lifeboat must be arranged to preclude 
boarding the lifeboat without first releasing it.
    (d) Each free-fall launching arrangement must be provided with a 
secondary means to launch the lifeboat by falls. Such means must comply 
with the requirements of Secs. 199.150, 199.153, and 199.155. 
Notwithstanding Sec. 199.150(c), the secondary launching appliance must 
be capable of launching the lifeboat against unfavorable conditions of 
trim of 2 degrees either way and of list of 5 degrees either way. The 
secondary launching appliance need not comply with the speed 
requirements of Secs. 199.153 (g), (h), and (i). If the secondary 
launching appliance is not dependent on gravity, stored mechanical 
power, or other manual means, the launching arrangement must be 
connected both to the vessel's main and emergency power supplies.

[[Page 444]]



Sec. 199.160   Rescue boat embarkation, launching and recovery arrangements.

    (a) Each rescue boat must be capable of being launched with the 
vessel making headway of 5 knots in calm water. A painter may be used to 
meet this requirement.
    (b) Each rescue boat embarkation and launching arrangement must 
permit the rescue boat to be boarded and launched in the shortest 
possible time.
    (c) The rescue boat must meet the embarkation and launching 
arrangement requirements of Secs. 199.110 (e) and (g), 199.150, 199.155, 
and if the launching arrangement uses falls and a winch, Sec. 199.153.
    (d) If the rescue boat is one of the vessel's survival craft, the 
rescue boat must also meet the following requirements:
    (1) The rescue boat must meet the muster and embarkation arrangement 
requirements of Sec. 199.110 and the launching station requirements of 
Sec. 199.120.
    (2) If the launching arrangement uses a single fall, the rescue boat 
may have an automatic disengaging apparatus approved under approval 
series 160.170 instead of a lifeboat release mechanism.
    (e) Rapid recovery of the rescue boat must be possible when loaded 
with its full complement of persons and equipment. If the rescue boat is 
also a lifeboat, rapid recovery must be possible when loaded with its 
lifeboat equipment and an approved rescue boat complement of at least 
six persons.
    (f) Each rescue boat launching appliance must be fitted with a 
powered winch motor.
    (g) Each rescue boat launching appliance must be capable of hoisting 
the rescue boat when loaded with its full rescue boat complement of 
persons and equipment at a rate of not less than 0.3 meters per second 
(59 feet per minute).



Sec. 199.170  Line-throwing appliance.

    (a) General. Each vessel must have a line-throwing appliance 
approved under approval series 160.040.
    (b) Stowage. The line-throwing appliance and its equipment must be 
readily accessible for use.
    (c) Additional equipment. Each vessel must carry the following 
equipment for the line-throwing appliance--
    (1) The equipment on the list provided by the manufacturer with the 
approved appliance; and
    (2) An auxiliary line that--
    (i) Is at least 450 meters (1,500 feet) long;
    (ii) Has a breaking strength of at least 40 kiloNewtons (9,000 
pounds-force); and
    (iii) Is, if synthetic, of a dark color or certified by the 
manufacturer to be resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light.



Sec. 199.175  Survival craft and rescue boat equipment.

    (a) All lifeboat and rescue boat equipment--
    (1) Must be secured within the boat by lashings, by storage in 
lockers or compartments, by storage in brackets or similar mounting 
arrangements, or by other suitable means;
    (2) Must be secured in such a manner as not to interfere with any 
abandonment procedures or reduce seating capacity;
    (3) Must be as small and of as little mass as possible;
    (4) Must be packed in a suitable and compact form; and
    (5) Should be stowed so the items do not--
    (i) Reduce the seating capacity;
    (ii) Adversely affect the seaworthiness of the survival craft or 
rescue boat; or
    (iii) Overload the launching appliance.
    (b) Each lifeboat, rigid liferaft, and rescue boat, unless otherwise 
stated in this paragraph, must carry the equipment listed in this 
paragraph and specified for it in table 199.175 of this section under 
the vessel's category of service. A lifeboat that is also a rescue boat 
must carry the equipment in the table column marked for a lifeboat.
    (1) Bailer. The bailer must be buoyant.
    (2) Bilge pump. The bilge pump must be approved under approval 
series 160.044 and must be installed in a ready-to-use condition as 
follows:

[[Page 445]]

    (i) The bilge pump for a lifeboat approved for less than 70 persons 
must be either size 2 or size 3.
    (ii) The bilge pump for a lifeboat approved for 70 persons or more 
must be size 3.
    (3) Boathook. In the case of a boat launched by falls, the boathook 
must be kept free for fending-off purposes. For inflated rescue boats 
and for rigid-inflated rescue boats, each boathook must be designed to 
minimize the possibility of damage to the inflated portions of the hull.
    (4) Bucket. The bucket must be made of corrosion-resistant material 
and should either be buoyant or have an attached lanyard at least 1.8 
meters (6 feet) long.
    (5) Can opener. A can opener may be in a jackknife approved under 
approval series 160.043.
    (6) Compass. The compass and its mounting arrangement must be 
approved under approval series 160.014. In a totally enclosed lifeboat, 
the compass must be permanently fitted at the steering position; in any 
other boat it must be provided with a binnacle, if necessary to protect 
it from the weather, and with suitable mounting arrangements.
    (7) Dipper. The dipper must be rustproof and attached to a lanyard 
that should be at least 0.9 meters (3 feet) long.
    (8) Drinking cup. The drinking cup must be graduated and rustproof. 
The cup should also be of a breakage-resistant material.
    (9) Fire extinguisher. The fire extinguisher must be approved under 
approval series 162.028. The fire extinguisher must be type B-C, size 
II, or larger. Two type B-C, size I fire extinguishers may be carried in 
place of a type B-C, size II fire extinguisher.
    (10) First aid kit. The first aid kit in a lifeboat and in a rescue 
boat must be approved under approval series 160.041. The first aid kit 
in a rigid liferaft must be approved under approval series 160.054.
    (11) Fishing kit. The fishing kit must be approved under approval 
series 160.061.
    (12) Flashlight. The flashlight must be a type I or type III that is 
constructed and marked in accordance with the American Society of 
Testing and Materials (ASTM) F1014. One spare set of batteries and one 
spare bulb, stored in a watertight container, must be provided for each 
flashlight.
    (13) Hatchet. The hatchet must be approved under approval series 
160.013. The hatchet should be stowed in brackets near the release 
mechanism and, if more than one hatchet is carried, the hatchets should 
be stowed at opposite ends of the boat.
    (14) Heaving line. The heaving line must be buoyant, must be at 
least 30 meters (99 feet) long, must have a buoyant rescue quoit 
attached to one end, and should be at least 8 millimeters (\5/16\ 
inches) in diameter.
    (15) Instruction card. The instruction card must be waterproof and 
contain the information required by IMO Resolution A.657(16). The 
instruction card should be located so that it can be easily seen upon 
entering the liferaft.
    (16) Jackknife. The jackknife must be approved under approval series 
160.043 and must be attached to the boat by its lanyard.
    (17) Knife. The knife must be of the non-folding type with a buoyant 
handle as follows:
    (i) The knife for a rigid liferaft must be secured to the raft by a 
lanyard and stowed in a pocket on the exterior of the canopy near the 
point where the painter is attached to the liferaft. If an approved 
jackknife is substituted for the second knife required on a liferaft 
equipped for 13 or more persons, the jackknife must also be secured to 
the liferaft by a lanyard.
    (ii) The knife in an inflated or rigid-inflated rescue boat must be 
of a type designed to minimize the possibility of damage to the fabric 
portions of the hull.
    (18) Ladder. The boarding ladder must be capable of being used at 
each entrance on either side or at the stern of the boat to enable 
persons in the water to board the boat. The lowest step of the ladder 
must be not less than 0.4 meters (15.75 inches) below the boat's light 
waterline.
    (19) Mirror. The signalling mirror must be approved under approval 
series 160.020.
    (20) Oars and paddles. Each lifeboat and rescue boat must have 
buoyant

[[Page 446]]

oars or paddles of the number, size, and type specified by the 
manufacturer of the boat. An oarlock or equivalent device, either 
permanently installed or attached to the boat by a lanyard or chain, 
must be provided for each oar. Each oar should have the vessel's name 
marked on it in block letters.
    (21) Painter. (i) One painter on a lifeboat and the painter on a 
rescue boat must be attached by a painter release device at the forward 
end of the lifeboat. The second painter on a lifeboat must be secured at 
or near the bow of the lifeboat, ready for use. On lifeboats to be 
launched by free-fall launching, both painters must be stowed near the 
bow ready for use.
    (A) If the painter is of synthetic material, the painter must be of 
a dark color or certified by the manufacturer to be resistant to 
deterioration from ultraviolet light.
    (B) The painter for a lifeboat and each painter for a rescue boat 
must be of a length that is at least twice the distance from the stowage 
position of the boat to the waterline with the vessel in its lightest 
seagoing condition, or must be 15 meters (50 feet) long, whichever is 
the greater.
    (C) The painter must have a breaking strength of at least 34 
kiloNewtons (7,700 pounds-force).
    (D) The painter for a rigid liferaft must be of a length that is at 
least 20 meters (66 feet) plus the distance from the liferaft's stowed 
position to the waterline with the vessel in its lightest seagoing 
condition, or must be 15 meters (50 feet) long, whichever is the 
greater.
    (E) If the painter is of synthetic material, the painter must be of 
a dark color or certified by the manufacturer to be resistant to 
deterioration from ultraviolet light.
    (F) The painter must have a breaking strength of at least 15 
kiloNewtons (3,937 pounds-force) for liferafts approved for more than 25 
persons, of at least 20 kiloNewtons (2,250 pounds-force) for liferafts 
approved for 9 to 25 persons, and of at least 7.5 kiloNewtons (1,687 
pounds-force) for any other liferaft.
    (G) The painter must have a float-free link meeting the requirements 
of part 160, subpart 160.073 of this chapter secured to the end of the 
painter that is attached to the vessel. The float-free link arrangement 
must break under a load of 2.20.4 kiloNewtons (400 to 536 
pounds-force).
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (22) Provisions. Each unit of provisions must be approved under 
approval series 160.046 and must provide at least 10,000 kiloJoules 
(2,390 calories). Individual provision packages may provide less than 
10,000 kiloJoules, as long as the total quantity of provisions on board 
provides for at least 10,000 kiloJoules per person.
    (23) Pump. The pump or bellows must be manually operated and should 
be arranged so it is capable of inflating any part of the inflatable 
structure of the rescue boat.
    (24) Radar reflector. The radar reflector must be capable of 
detection at a distance of 4 nautical miles and must have a mounting 
arrangements to install it on the boat in its proper orientation. A 9-
GigaHertz radar transponder may be substituted for the radar reflector 
if the transponder is accepted by the Federal Communications Commission 
as meeting the requirements of 47 CFR part 80 and is stowed in the boat 
or raft.
    (25) Rainwater collection device. The rainwater collection device 
must be arranged to collect falling rain and direct it into the water 
tanks in the lifeboat. If the lifeboat carries a manually-powered, 
reverse osmosis desalinator approved under approval series 160.058, a 
rainwater collection device is not required.
    (26) Repair kit. The repair kit for an inflated and a rigid-inflated 
rescue boat must be packed in a suitable container and include at 
least--
    (i) Six sealing clamps;
    (ii) Five 50-millimeter (2-inch) diameter tube patches;
    (iii) A roughing tool; and
    (iv) A container of cement compatible with the tube fabric. The 
cement must have an expiration date on its container that is not more 
than 24 months after the date of manufacture of the cement.
    (27) Sea anchor. (i) The sea anchor for a lifeboat must be approved 
under approval series 160.019.

[[Page 447]]

    (ii) Each sea anchor for a rigid liferaft must be of the type 
specified by the liferaft manufacturer and must be fitted with a shock 
resistant hawser. It may also be fitted with a tripping line. One sea 
anchor must be permanently attached to the liferaft in such a way that, 
when the liferaft is waterborne, it will cause the liferaft to lie 
oriented to the wind in the most stable manner. The second sea anchor 
must be stowed in the liferaft as a spare. A davit-launched liferaft and 
a liferaft on a passenger vessel must have the permanently attached sea 
anchor arranged to deploy automatically when the liferaft floats free.
    (iii) The sea anchor for a rescue boat must be of the type specified 
by the rescue boat manufacturer, and must have a hawser of adequate 
strength that is at least 10 meters (33 feet) long.
    (28) Searchlight. (i) The searchlight must be of the type originally 
provided with the approved lifeboat or rescue boat, or must be certified 
by the searchlight manufacturer to meet ASTM F1003. The boat must carry 
two spare bulbs.
    (ii) The searchlight must be permanently mounted on the canopy or 
must have a stanchion-type or collapsible-type, portable mounting on the 
canopy. The mounting must be located to enable operation of the 
searchlight by the boat operator.
    (iii) The searchlights power source must be capable of operating the 
light without charging or recharging for not less than--
    (A) Three hours of continuous operation; or
    (B) Six hours total operation when it is operated in cycles of 15 
minutes on and 5 minutes off.
    (iv) If the searchlight's power source is an engine starting 
battery, there must be sufficient battery capacity to start the engine 
at the end of either operating period specified in paragraph 
(b)(28)(iii) of this section.
    (v) The searchlight's power source must be connected to the 
searchlight using watertight electrical fittings.
    (29) Seasickness kit. The seasickness kit must be in a waterproof 
package and must include one waterproof seasickness bag, anti-
seasickness medication sufficient for one person for 48 hours, and 
instructions for using the medication. Each seasickness kit should be 
stowed within reach of the seat for which it is intended.
    (30) Signal, smoke. The smoke signal must be approved under approval 
series 160.122.
    (31) Signal, hand flare. The hand flare must be approved under 
approval series 160.121.
    (32) Signal, rocket parachute flare. The rocket parachute flare must 
be approved under approval series 160.136.
    (33) Skates and fenders. The skates and fenders must be as specified 
by the lifeboat or rescue boat manufacturer to facilitate launching and 
prevent damage to a lifeboat intended for launching down the side of a 
vessel.
    (34) Sponge. The sponge must be suitable for soaking up water.
    (35) Survival instructions. The survival instructions must be as 
described in IMO Resolution A.657(16), Annex I for liferafts and Annex 
II for lifeboats.
    (36) Table of lifesaving signals. The table of lifesaving signals 
must be as described in Annex IV to the International Regulations for 
Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972, as amended, and must be printed on a 
waterproof card or stored in a waterproof container.
    (37) Thermal protective aid. The thermal protective aid must be 
approved under approval series 160.174.
    (38) Tool kit. The tool kit must contain sufficient tools for minor 
adjustments to the engine and its accessories.
    (39) Towline. The towline must be buoyant and at least 50 meters 
(164 feet) long. The towline must have a breaking strength of not less 
than 13.3 kiloNewtons (3,000 pounds-force) or be of sufficient strength 
to tow the largest liferaft carried on the vessel when loaded with its 
full complement of persons and equipment at a speed of at least 2 knots.
    (40) Water. The water must be emergency drinking water approved 
under approval series 160.026.
    (i) The requirement for up to one-third of the emergency drinking 
water may be met by a desalting apparatus approved under approval series 
160.058 that is capable of producing the substituted amount of water in 
2 days.

[[Page 448]]

    (ii) The requirement for up to two-thirds of the emergency drinking 
water may be met by a manually-powered, reverse osmosis desalinator 
approved under approval series 160.058 and that is capable of producing 
the substituted amount of water in 2 days.
    (41) Whistle. The whistle must be corrosion-resistant, and should be 
a ball-type or multi-tone whistle that is attached to a lanyard.

                                    Table 199.175.--Survival Craft Equipment                                    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      International voyage          Short international voyage  
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
 Item                                                        Rigid                            Rigid             
  No.                    Item                               liferaft    Rescue               liferaft    Rescue 
                                                 Lifeboat   (SOLAS A     boat     Lifeboat   (SOLAS B     boat  
                                                             pack)                            pack)             
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.....  Bailer \1\............................          1          1          1          1          1          1
2.....  Bilge pump \2\........................          1  .........  .........          1  .........  .........
3.....  Boathook..............................          2  .........          1          2  .........          1
4.....  Bucket \3\............................          2  .........          1          2  .........          1
5.....  Can opener............................          3          3  .........          3  .........  .........
6.....  Compass...............................          1  .........          1          1  .........          1
7.....  Dipper................................          1  .........  .........          1  .........  .........
8.....  Drinking cup..........................          1          1  .........          1  .........  .........
9.....  Fire extinguisher.....................          1  .........          1          1  .........          1
10....  First aid kit.........................          1          1          1          1          1          1
11....  Fishing kit...........................          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........
12....  Flashlight............................          1          1          1          1          1          1
13....  Hatchet...............................          2  .........  .........          2  .........  .........
14....  Heaving line..........................          2          1          2          2          1          2
15....  Instruction card......................  .........          1  .........  .........          1  .........
16....  Jackknife.............................          1  .........  .........          1  .........  .........
17....  Knife \1\ \4\.........................  .........          1          1  .........          1          1
18....  Ladder................................          1  .........          1          1  .........          1
19....  Mirror, signalling....................          1          1  .........          1          1  .........
20....  Oars, units \5\ \6\...................          1  .........          1          1  .........          1
        Paddles...............................  .........          2  .........  .........          2  .........
21....  Paddles...............................          2          1          1          2          1          1
22....  Provisions (units per person).........          1          1  .........  .........  .........  .........
23....  Pump \7\..............................  .........  .........          1  .........  .........          1
24....  Radar reflector.......................          1          1          1          1          1          1
25....  Rainwater collection device...........          1  .........  .........          1  .........  .........
26....  Repair kit \7\........................  .........  .........          1  .........  .........          1
27....  Sea anchor............................          1          2          1          1          2          1
28....  Searchlight...........................          1  .........          1          1  .........          1
29....  Seasickness kit (units per person)....          1          1  .........          1          1  .........
30....  Signal, smoke.........................          2          2  .........          2          1  .........
31....  Signal, hand flare....................          6          6  .........          6          3  .........
32....  Signal, parachute flare...............          4          4  .........          4          2  .........
33....  Skates and fenders \8\................          1  .........          1          1  .........          1
34....  Sponge \7\............................  .........          2          2  .........          2          2
35....  Survival instructions.................          1          1  .........          1          1  .........
36....  Table of lifesaving signals...........          1          1  .........          1          1  .........
37....  Thermal protective aids...............        10%        10%        10%        10%        10%        10%
38....  Tool kit..............................          1  .........  .........          1  .........  .........
39....  Towline \10\..........................          1  .........          1          1  .........          1
40....  Water (liters per person).............          3        1.5  .........          3  .........  .........
41....  Whistle...............................          1          1          1          1          1          1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                                                          
\1\ Each liferaft equipped for 13 persons or more must carry two of these items.                                
\2\ Not required for boats of self-bailing design.                                                              
\3\ Not required for inflated or rigid-inflated rescue boats.                                                   
\4\ A hatchet counts towards this requirement in rigid rescue boats.                                            
\5\ Oars are not required on a free-fall lifeboat; a unit of oars means the number of oars specified by the boat
  manufacturer.                                                                                                 
\6\ Rescue boats may substitute buoyant paddles for oars, as specified by the manufacturer.                     
\7\ Not required for a rigid rescue boat.                                                                       
\8\ Required if specified by the boat manufacturer.                                                             
\9\ Sufficient thermal protective aids are required for at least 10% of the persons the survival craft is       
  equipped to carry, but not less than two.                                                                     
\10\ Required only if the lifeboat is also the rescue boat.                                                     

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996; 61 FR 40281, Aug. 1, 1996]

[[Page 449]]



Sec. 199.176  Markings on lifesaving appliances.

    (a) Lifeboats and rescue boats. Each lifeboat and rescue boat must 
be plainly marked as follows:
    (1) Each side of each lifeboat and rescue boat bow must be marked in 
block capital letters and numbers with--
    (i) The name of the vessel; and
    (ii) The name of the port required to be marked on the stern of the 
vessel to meet the requirements of part 67, subpart 67.13 of this 
chapter.
    (2) The length and beam of the boat and the number of persons for 
which the boat is equipped must be clearly marked, preferably on the 
bow, in permanent characters. The number of persons for which the boat 
is equipped must not exceed the number of persons shown on its 
nameplate.
    (3) The number of the boat and a means of identifying the vessel to 
which the boat belongs, such as the vessel's name, must be plainly 
marked or painted so that the markings are visible from above the boat.
    (4) The Type II retro-reflective material approved under approval 
series 164.018 must be placed on the boat to meet the arrangement 
requirements in IMO Resolution A.658(16).
    (b) Rigid liferafts. Each rigid liferaft must be marked as follows:
    (1) The name of the vessel must be marked on each rigid liferaft.
    (2) The name of the port required to be marked on the stern of the 
vessel to meet the requirements of part 67, subpart 67.13 of this 
chapter must be marked on each rigid liferaft.
    (3) The rigid liferaft must be marked with the words ``SOLAS A 
pack'' or ``SOLAS B pack'', to reflect the pack inside.
    (4) The length of the painter must be marked on each rigid liferaft.
    (5) At each entrance of each rigid liferaft, the number of persons 
for which the rigid liferaft is equipped must be marked in letters and 
numbers at least 100 millimeters (4 inches) high and in a color 
contrasting to that of the liferaft. The number of persons for which the 
liferaft is equipped must not exceed the number of persons shown on its 
nameplate.



Sec. 199.178  Marking of stowage locations.

    (a) Containers, brackets, racks, and other similar stowage locations 
for lifesaving equipment must be marked with symbols in accordance with 
IMO Resolution A.760(18) indicating the device stowed in that location.
    (b) If more than one device is stowed in a location, the number of 
devices stowed must be indicated.
    (c) Survival craft should be numbered consecutively starting from 
the vessel's bow. Survival craft on the starboard side should be 
numbered with odd numerals and survival craft on the port side should be 
numbered with even numerals.
    (d) Each liferaft stowage location should be marked with the 
capacity of the liferaft stowed there.



Sec. 199.180  Training and drills.

    (a) Training materials. Training material must be on board each 
vessel and must consist of a manual of one or more volumes written in 
easily understood terms and illustrated wherever possible, or of 
audiovisual training aids, or of both as follows:
    (1) If a training manual is used, a copy must be in each crew 
messroom and recreation room or in each crew cabin. If audiovisual 
training aids are used, they must be incorporated into the onboard 
training sessions described in paragraph (g) of this section.
    (2) The training material must explain in detail--
    (i) The procedure for donning lifejackets, immersion suits, and 
anti-exposure suits carried on board;
    (ii) The procedure for mustering at the assigned stations;
    (iii) The procedure for boarding, launching, and clearing the 
survival craft and rescue boats;
    (iv) The method of launching from within the survival craft;
    (v) The procedure for releasing survival craft from launching 
appliances;
    (vi) The methods and use of devices for protection in launching 
areas, where appropriate;
    (vii) The illumination in the launching areas;
    (viii) The use of all survival equipment;

[[Page 450]]

    (ix) The use of all detection equipment;
    (x) With the assistance of illustrations, the use of radio 
lifesaving appliances;
    (xi) The use of sea anchors;
    (xii) The use of the survival craft engine and accessories;
    (xiii) The recovery of survival craft and rescue boats, including 
stowage and securing;
    (xiv) The hazards of exposure and the need for warm clothing;
    (xv) The best use of the survival craft for survival;
    (xvi) The methods of retrieval, including the use of helicopter 
rescue gear such as slings, baskets, and stretchers; the use of 
breeches-buoy and shore lifesaving apparatus; and the use of the 
vessel's line-throwing apparatus;
    (xvii) All other functions contained in the muster list and 
emergency instructions; and
    (xviii) The instructions for emergency repair of the lifesaving 
appliances.
    (b) Familiarity with emergency procedures. (1) Every crewmember with 
emergency duties assigned on the muster list must be familiar with their 
assigned duties before the voyage begins.
    (2) On a vessel engaged on voyage when the passengers or special 
personnel are scheduled to be on board for more than 24 hours, musters 
of the passengers and special personnel must take place within 24 hours 
after their embarkation. Passengers and special personnel must be 
instructed in the use of the lifejackets and the action to take in an 
emergency.
    (3) Whenever new passengers or special personnel embark, a safety 
briefing must be given immediately before sailing or immediately after 
sailing. The briefing must include the instructions required by 
Sec. 199.80 and must be made by means of an announcement in one or more 
languages likely to be understood by the passengers and special 
personnel. The announcement must be made on the vessel's public address 
system or by other equivalent means likely to be heard by the passengers 
and special personnel who have not yet heard it during the voyage. The 
briefing may be included in the muster required by paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section if the muster is held immediately upon departure. 
Information cards or posters, or video programs displayed on the vessel 
video displays, may be used to supplement the briefing, but may not be 
used to replace the announcement.
    (c) Drills--general. (1) Drills must, as far as practicable, be 
conducted as if there were an actual emergency.
    (2) Every crewmember must participate in at least one abandon-ship 
drill and one fire drill every month. The drills of the crew must take 
place within 24 hours of the vessel leaving a port if more than 25 
percent of the crew have not participated in abandon-ship and fire 
drills on board that particular vessel in the previous month.
    (3) Drills must be held before sailing when a vessel enters service 
for the first time, after modification of a major character, or when a 
new crew is engaged.
    (4) The OCMI may accept other equivalent drill arrangements for 
those classes of vessels for which compliance with this paragraph is 
impracticable.
    (d) Abandon-ship drills. (1) Abandon-ship drills must include--
    (i) Summoning persons on board to muster stations with the general 
alarm followed by drill announcements on the public address or other 
communication system and ensuring that the persons on board are made 
aware of the order to abandon ship;
    (ii) Reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in 
the muster list;
    (iii) Checking that persons on board are suitably dressed;
    (iv) Checking that lifejackets or immersion suits are correctly 
donned;
    (v) Lowering of at least one lifeboat after any necessary 
preparation for launching;
    (vi) Starting and operating the lifeboat engine; and
    (vii) Operating davits used for launching the liferafts.
    (2) Abandon-ship drills should also include conducting a mock search 
and rescue of passengers or special personnel trapped in their 
staterooms, and giving instructions in the use of radio lifesaving 
appliances.

[[Page 451]]

    (3) Different lifeboats must, as far as practicable, be lowered to 
comply with the requirements of paragraph (d)(1)(v) of this section at 
successive drills.
    (4) Except as provided in paragraphs (d)(5) and (d)(6) of this 
section, each lifeboat must be launched with its assigned operating crew 
aboard and maneuvered in the water at least once every 3 months during 
an abandon-ship drill.
    (5) Lowering into the water, rather than launching of a lifeboat 
arranged for free-fall launching, is acceptable when free-fall launching 
is impracticable, provided that the lifeboat is free-fall launched with 
its assigned operating crew aboard and is maneuvered in the water at 
least once every 6 months. However, when compliance with the 6-month 
requirement is impracticable, the OCMI may extend this period to 12 
months, provided that arrangements are made for simulated launching at 
intervals of not more than 6 months.
    (6) The OCMI may exempt a vessel operating on short international 
voyages from the requirement to launch the lifeboats on both sides of 
the vessel if berthing arrangements in port and operations do not permit 
launching of lifeboats on one side. However, all lifeboats on the vessel 
must be lowered at least once every 3 months and launched at least 
annually.
    (7) As far as is reasonable and practicable, rescue boats, other 
than lifeboats which are also rescue boats, must be launched with their 
assigned crew aboard and maneuvered in the water each month. Such 
launching and maneuvering must occur at least once every 3 months.
    (8) If lifeboat and rescue boat launching drills are carried out 
with the vessel making headway, such drills must, because of the dangers 
involved, be practiced in sheltered waters only and be under the 
supervision of an officer experienced in such drills.
    (9) If a vessel is fitted with marine evacuation systems, drills 
must include an exercising of the procedures required for the deployment 
of such a system up to the point immediately preceding actual deployment 
of the system. This aspect of drills should be augmented by regular 
instruction using the on board training aids. Additionally, every 
crewmember assigned to duties involving the marine evacuation system 
must, as far as practicable, participate in a full deployment of a 
similar system into water, either on board a vessel or ashore, every 2 
years but not longer than every 3 years. This training may be associated 
with the deployments required by Sec. 199.190(k).
    (10) Emergency lighting for mustering and abandonment must be tested 
at each abandon-ship drill.
    (11) If a vessel carries immersion suits or anti-exposure suits, the 
suits must be worn by crewmembers in at least one abandon-ship drill per 
month. If wearing the suits is impracticable due to warm weather, the 
crewmembers must be instructed on their donning and use.
    (12) If a vessel carries immersion suits for persons other than the 
crew, the abandon-ship drill must include instruction to these persons 
on the stowage, donning, and use of the suits.
    (e) Line-throwing appliance. A drill must be conducted on the use of 
the line-throwing appliance at least once every 3 months. The actual 
firing of the appliance is at the discretion of the master.
    (f) Fire drills. (1) Fire drills must, as far as practicable, be 
planned with due consideration given to the various emergencies that may 
occur for that type of vessel and its cargo.
    (2) Each fire drill must include--
    (i) Reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in 
the station bill for the particular fire emergency being simulated;
    (ii) Starting of fire pumps and the use of two jets of water to 
determine that the system is in proper working order;
    (iii) Checking the firemen's outfits and other personal rescue 
equipment;
    (iv) Checking the relevant communications equipment;
    (v) Checking the operation of watertight doors, fire doors, and fire 
dampers and main inlets and outlets of ventilation systems in the drill 
area; and
    (vi) Checking the necessary arrangements for subsequent abandonment 
of the vessel.

[[Page 452]]

    (3) The equipment used during drills must immediately be brought 
back to its fully operational condition. Any faults and defects 
discovered during the drills must be remedied as soon as possible.
    (g) Onboard training and instruction. (1) Onboard training in the 
use of the vessel's lifesaving appliances, including survival craft 
equipment, and in the use of the vessel's fire-extinguishing appliances 
must be given as soon as possible but not later than 2 weeks after a 
crewmember joins the vessel.
    (2) If the crewmember is on a regularly scheduled rotating 
assignment to the vessel, the training required in paragraph (g)(1) of 
this section need be given only within 2 weeks of the time the 
crewmember first joins the vessel.
    (3) The crew must be instructed in the use of the vessel's fire-
extinguishing and lifesaving appliances and in survival at sea at the 
same interval as the drills. Individual units of instruction may cover 
different parts of the vessel's lifesaving and fire-extinguishing 
appliances, but all the vessel's lifesaving and fire-extinguishing 
appliances must be covered within any period of 2 months.
    (4) Every crewmember must be given instructions that include, but 
are not limited to--
    (i) The operation and use of the vessel's inflatable liferafts;
    (ii) The problems of hypothermia, first aid treatment for 
hypothermia, and other appropriate first aid procedures;
    (iii) Any special instructions necessary for use of the vessel's 
lifesaving appliances in severe weather and severe sea conditions; and
    (iv) The operation and use of fire-extinguishing appliances.
    (5) Onboard training in the use of davit-launched liferafts must 
take place at intervals of not more than 4 months on each vessel with 
davit-launched liferafts. Whenever practicable, this training must 
include the inflation and lowering of a liferaft. If this liferaft is a 
special liferaft intended for training purposes only and is not part of 
the vessel's lifesaving equipment, this liferaft must be conspicuously 
marked.
    (h) Records. (1) When musters are held, details of abandon-ship 
drills, fire drills, drills of other lifesaving appliances, and onboard 
training must be recorded in the vessel's official logbook. Logbook 
entries must include--
    (i) The date and time of the drill, muster, or training session;
    (ii) The survival craft and fire-extinguishing equipment used in the 
drills;
    (iii) Identification of inoperative or malfunctioning equipment and 
the corrective action taken;
    (iv) Identification of crewmembers participating in drills or 
training sessions; and
    (v) The subject of the onboard training session.
    (2) If a full muster, drill, or training session is not held at the 
appointed time, an entry must be made in the logbook stating the 
circumstances and the extent of the muster, drill, or training session 
held.



Sec. 199.190  Operational readiness, maintenance, and inspection of lifesaving equipment.

    (a) Operational readiness. Before the vessel leaves port and at all 
times during the voyage, each lifesaving appliance must be in working 
order and ready for immediate use.
    (b) Maintenance. (1) The manufacturer's instructions for onboard 
maintenance of lifesaving appliances must be on board the vessel. The 
following must be provided for each appliance.
    (i) Checklists for use when carrying out the inspections required 
under paragraph (e) of this section.
    (ii) Maintenance and repair instructions.
    (iii) A schedule of periodic maintenance.
    (iv) A diagram of lubrication points with the recommended 
lubricants.
    (v) A list of replaceable parts.
    (vi) A list of sources of spare parts.
    (vii) A log for records of inspections and maintenance.
    (2) In lieu of compliance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the 
OCMI may accept a shipboard planned maintenance program that includes 
the items listed in that paragraph.
    (c) Spare parts and repair equipment. Spare parts and repair 
equipment must

[[Page 453]]

be provided for each lifesaving appliance and component that is subject 
to excessive wear or consumption and that needs to be replaced 
regularly.
    (d) Weekly inspections and tests. (1) Each survival craft, rescue 
boat, and launching appliance must be visually inspected to ensure its 
readiness for use.
    (2) Each lifeboat engine and rescue boat engine must be run ahead 
and astern for not less than 3 minutes, unless the ambient temperature 
is below the minimum temperature required for starting the engine. 
During this time, demonstrations should indicate that the gear box and 
gear box train are engaging satisfactorily. If the special 
characteristics of an outboard motor fitted to a rescue boat do not 
allow the outboard motor to be run for a period of 3 minutes other than 
with its propeller submerged, the outboard motor should be run for such 
period as prescribed in the manufacturer's handbook.
    (3) The general alarm system must be tested.
    (e) Monthly inspections. (1) Each lifesaving appliance, including 
lifeboat equipment, must be inspected monthly using the checklists 
required under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section to make sure the 
appliance and the equipment are complete and in good working order. A 
report of the inspection, including a statement as to the condition of 
the equipment, must be recorded in the vessel's official logbook.
    (2) Each EPIRB and each SART, other than an EPIRB or SART in an 
inflatable liferaft, must be tested monthly. The EPIRB must be tested 
using the integrated test circuit and output indicator to determine that 
it is operative.
    (f) Annual inspections. Annual inspections must include the 
following:
    (1) Each survival craft, except for inflatable craft, must be 
stripped, cleaned, and thoroughly inspected and repaired, as needed, at 
least once each year and each fuel tank must be emptied, cleaned, and 
refilled with fresh fuel.
    (2) Each davit, winch, fall, and other launching appliance must be 
thoroughly inspected and repaired, as needed, once each year.
    (3) Each item of survival equipment with an expiration date must be 
replaced during the annual inspection if the expiration date has passed.
    (4) Each battery clearly marked with an expiration date and used in 
an item of survival equipment must be replaced during the annual 
inspection if the expiration date has passed.
    (5) Except for a storage battery used in a lifeboat or rescue boat, 
each battery without an expiration date that is used in an item of 
survival equipment must be replaced during the annual inspection.
    (g) Servicing of inflatable lifesaving appliances, inflated rescue 
boats, and marine evacuation systems. (1) Each inflatable lifesaving 
appliance and marine evacuation system must be serviced--
    (i) Within 12 months of its initial packing; and
    (ii) Within 12 months of each subsequent servicing, except when 
servicing is delayed until the next scheduled inspection of the vessel, 
provided the delay does not exceed 5 months.
    (2) Each inflatable lifejacket must be serviced in accordance with 
servicing procedures meeting the requirements of part 160, subpart 
160.176 of this chapter. Each hybrid inflatable lifejacket must be 
serviced in accordance with the owners manual and meet the requirements 
of part 160, subpart 160.077 of this chapter.
    (3) Each inflatable liferaft must be serviced--
    (i) In accordance with servicing procedures meeting the requirements 
of part 160, subpart 160.051 of this chapter; and
    (ii) Whenever the container of the raft is damaged, or the straps or 
seal broken.
    (4) Each inflated rescue boat must be repaired and maintained in 
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. All repairs must be 
made at a servicing facility approved by the Commandant (G-MSE), except 
for emergency repairs carried out on board the vessel.
    (h) Periodic servicing of hydrostatic release units. Each 
hydrostatic release unit, other than a disposable hydrostatic release 
unit, must be serviced in accordance with repair and testing procedures 
meeting the requirements of

[[Page 454]]

part 160, subpart 160.062 of this chapter--
    (1) Within 12 months of its manufacture; and
    (2) Within 12 months of each subsequent servicing, except when 
servicing is delayed until the next scheduled inspection of the vessel, 
provided the delay does not exceed 5 months.
    (i) Periodic servicing of launching appliances and release gear. (1) 
Launching appliances must be serviced at the intervals recommended in 
the manufacturer's instructions or as set out in the shipboard planned 
maintenance program.
    (2) Launching appliances must be thoroughly examined at intervals 
not exceeding 5 years and, upon completion of the examination, the 
launching appliance must be subjected to a dynamic test of the winch 
brake.
    (3) Lifeboat and rescue boat release gear must be serviced at the 
intervals recommended in the manufacturer's instructions, or as set out 
in the shipboard-planned-maintenance program.
    (4) Lifeboat and rescue boat release gear must be subjected to a 
thorough examination by properly trained personnel familiar with the 
system at each inspection for certification.
    (5) Lifeboat and rescue boat release gear must be operationally 
tested under a load of 1.1 times the total mass of the lifeboat when 
loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment whenever 
overhauled or at least once every 5 years.
    (j) Maintenance of falls. (1) Each fall used in a launching 
appliance must--
    (i) Be turned end-for-end at intervals of not more than 30 months; 
and
    (ii) Be renewed when necessary due to deterioration or at intervals 
of not more than 5 years, whichever is earlier.
    (2) As an alternative to paragraph (j)(1) of this section, each fall 
may--
    (i) Be inspected annually; and
    (ii) Be renewed whenever necessary due to deterioration or at 
intervals of not more than 4 years, whichever is earlier.
    (k) Rotational deployment of marine evacuation systems. In addition, 
to or in conjunction with, the servicing intervals of marine evacuation 
systems required by paragraph (g)(1) of this section, each marine 
evacuation system must be deployed from the vessel on a rotational 
basis. Each marine evacuation system must be deployed at least once 
every 6 years.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996; 61 FR 40281, Aug. 1, 1996]



        Subpart C--Additional Requirements for Passenger Vessels



Sec. 199.200  General.

    Passenger vessels and special purpose vessels described in 
Sec. 199.10(f), must meet the requirements in this subpart in addition 
to the requirements in subparts A and B of this part.



Sec. 199.201  Survival craft.

    (a) Each survival craft must be approved and equipped as follows:
    (1) Each lifeboat must be approved under approval series 160.135 and 
equipped as specified in table 199.175 of this part.
    (2) Each inflatable liferaft must be approved under approval series 
160.151 and equipped with--
    (i) A SOLAS A pack; or
    (ii) For a passenger vessel on a short international voyage, a SOLAS 
B pack.
    (3) Each rigid liferaft must be approved under approval series 
160.118 and equipped as specified in table 199.175 of this part.
    (4) Each marine evacuation system must be approved under approval 
series 160.175.
    (5) Each liferaft must have a capacity of six persons or more.
    (b) Each passenger vessel must carry the following:
    (1) A combination of lifeboats and liferafts that have an aggregate 
capacity sufficient to accommodate the total number of persons on board, 
provided that--
    (i) On each side of the vessel, lifeboats with an aggregate capacity 
sufficient to accommodate at least 37.5 percent of the total number of 
persons on board are carried; and
    (ii) Any liferafts that are provided in combination with the 
lifeboats are served by launching appliances or marine evacuation 
systems equally distributed on each side of the vessel.

[[Page 455]]

    (2) In addition to the survival craft required in paragraph (b)(1) 
of this section, additional liferafts must be provided that have a 
aggregate capacity sufficient to accommodate at least 25 percent of the 
total number of persons on board. The additional liferafts--
    (i) Must be served by at least one launching appliance or marine 
evacuation system on each side of the vessel. These launching appliances 
or marine evacuation systems must be those described under paragraph 
(b)(1)(ii) of this section or be equivalent approved appliances capable 
of being used on both sides of the vessel; and
    (ii) Are not required to be stowed in accordance with 
Sec. 199.130(c)(4).
    (c) Each passenger vessel engaged on a short international voyage 
that also complies with the standards of subdivision requirements for 
vessels on short international voyages as described in subchapter S of 
this chapter may, as an alternative to the lifeboat requirements in 
paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section, carry lifeboats with an aggregate 
capacity sufficient to accommodate at least 30 percent of the total 
number of persons on board. These lifeboats must be equally distributed, 
as far as practicable, on each side of the vessel.
    (d) Each passenger vessel that is less than 500 tons gross tonnage 
and is certificated to permit less than 200 persons on board is not 
required to meet the requirements of paragraphs (b) or (c) of this 
section if it meets the following:
    (1) On each side of the vessel--
    (i) Liferafts are carried with an aggregate capacity sufficient to 
accommodate the total number of persons on board and are stowed in a 
position providing for easy side-to-side transfer at a single open deck 
level; or
    (ii) Liferafts are carried with an aggregate capacity sufficient to 
accommodate 150 percent of the total number of persons on board. If the 
rescue boat required under Sec. 199.202 is also a lifeboat, its capacity 
may be included to meet the aggregate capacity requirement.
    (2) If the largest survival craft on either side of the vessel is 
lost or rendered unserviceable, there must be survival craft available 
for use on each side of the vessel, including those which are stowed in 
a position providing for side-to-side transfer at a single open deck 
level, with a capacity sufficient to accommodate the total number of 
persons on board.



Sec. 199.202  Rescue boats.

    (a) Each passenger vessel of 500 tons gross tonnage and over must 
carry on each side of the vessel at least one rescue boat approved under 
approval series 160.156 that is equipped as specified in table 199.175 
of this part.
    (b) Each passenger vessel of less than 500 tons gross tonnage must 
carry at least one rescue boat approved under approval series 160.156 
that is equipped as specified in table 199.175 of this part.
    (c) A lifeboat is accepted as a rescue boat if, in addition to being 
approved under approval series 160.135, it is also approved under 
approval series 160.156.



Sec. 199.203  Marshalling of liferafts.

    (a) Each passenger vessel must have a lifeboat or rescue boat for 
each six liferafts when--
    (1) Each lifeboat and rescue boat is loaded with its full complement 
of persons; and
    (2) The minimum number of liferafts necessary to accommodate the 
remainder of the persons on board have been launched.
    (b) A passenger vessel engaged on a short international voyage that 
also complies with the standards of subdivision requirements for vessels 
on short international voyages as described in subchapter S of this 
chapter may have a lifeboat or rescue boat for each nine liferafts 
when--
    (1) Each lifeboat and rescue boat is loaded with its full complement 
of persons; and
    (2) The minimum number of liferafts necessary to accommodate the 
remainder of the persons on board have been launched.



Sec. 199.211  Lifebuoys.

    (a) Each passenger vessel must carry the number of lifebuoys 
prescribed in table 199.211 of this section.

[[Page 456]]



    Table 199.211.--Requirements for Lifebuoys for Passenger Vessels    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Minimum  
             Length of vessel in meters (feet)                number of 
                                                              lifebuoys 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under 60 (196).............................................            8
60(196) and under 120(393).................................           12
120(393) and under 180 (590)...............................           18
180 (590) and under 240 (787)..............................           24
240 (787) and over.........................................           30
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) Notwithstanding Sec. 199.70(a)(3)(ii), each passenger vessel 
under 60 meters (196 feet) in length must carry at least six lifebuoys 
with self-igniting lights.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996; 61 FR 40281, Aug. 1, 1996]



Sec. 199.212  Lifejackets.

    (a) In addition to the lifejackets required under Sec. 199.70(b), 
each passenger vessel must carry lifejackets for at least 5 percent of 
the total number of persons on board. These lifejackets must be stowed 
in conspicuous places on deck or at muster stations.
    (b) Where lifejackets for persons other than the crew are stowed in 
staterooms located remotely from direct routes between public spaces and 
muster stations, any additional lifejackets required by 
Sec. 199.70(b)(2)(v) for these persons must be stowed in the public 
spaces, near muster stations, or on direct routes between them. These 
lifejackets must be stowed so that their distribution and donning does 
not impede orderly movement to muster stations and survival craft 
embarkation stations.



Sec. 199.214  Immersion suits and thermal protective aids.

    (a) Each passenger vessel must carry at least three immersion suits 
approved under approval series 160.171 for each lifeboat on the vessel.
    (b) In addition to the requirements in paragraph (a) of this 
section, each passenger vessel must carry a thermal protective aid 
approved under approval series 160.174 for each person not provided with 
an immersion suit.
    (c) The immersion suits and thermal protective aids required under 
paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section are not required if the passenger 
vessel operates only on routes between 32 degrees north and 32 degrees 
south latitude.



Sec. 199.217  Muster list and emergency instructions.

    (a) The format of each passenger vessel muster list required under 
Sec. 199.80 must be approved by the OCMI.
    (b) The passenger vessel muster list or emergency instructions must 
include procedures for locating and rescuing persons other than the crew 
who may be trapped in their staterooms.
    (c) As an alternative to the requirements in Sec. 199.80(c), the 
passenger vessel emergency instructions may meet the requirements of MSC 
Circular 699 (Guidelines for Passenger Safety Instructions).



Sec. 199.220  Survival craft and rescue boat embarkation arrangements.

    (a) Survival craft embarkation arrangements must be designed for--
    (1) Each lifeboat to be boarded and launched either directly from 
the stowed position or from an embarkation deck, but not both; and
    (2) Davit-launched liferafts to be boarded and launched from a 
position immediately adjacent to the stowed positions or from a position 
where, as described under Sec. 199.130(b)(4), the liferaft is 
transferred before launching.
    (b) Each rescue boat must be able to be boarded and launched 
directly from the stowed position with the number of persons assigned to 
crew the rescue boat on board. Notwithstanding paragraph (a)(1) of this 
section, if the rescue boat is also a lifeboat and the other lifeboats 
are boarded and launched from an embarkation deck, the arrangements must 
be such that the rescue boat can also be boarded and launched from the 
embarkation deck.

[[Page 457]]



Sec. 199.230  Stowage of survival craft.

    (a) To meet the requirements of Sec. 199.130(b)(1), each lifeboat on 
a passenger vessel of 80 meters (262 feet) in length and upwards must be 
stowed where the after-end of the lifeboat is at least 1.5 times the 
length of the lifeboat forward of the vessel's propeller.
    (b) The stowage height of a survival craft must take into account 
the vessel's escape provisions, the vessel's size, and the weather 
conditions likely to be encountered in the vessel's intended area of 
operation.
    (c) The height of the davit head of each davit when it is in 
position to launch the survival craft should, as far as practicable, not 
exceed 15 meters (49 feet) to the waterline when the vessel is in its 
lightest seagoing condition.



Sec. 199.240  Muster stations.

    Each passenger vessel must, in addition to meeting the requirements 
of Sec. 199.110, have muster stations that--
    (a) Are near the embarkation stations, unless a muster station is 
also an embarkation station;
    (b) Permit ready access to the embarkation station, unless a muster 
station is also an embarkation station; and
    (c) Have sufficient room to marshal and instruct passengers and 
special personnel.



Sec. 199.245  Survival craft embarkation and launching arrangements.

    (a) Each davit-launched liferaft must be arranged to be rapidly 
boarded by its full complement of persons.
    (b) All survival craft required for abandonment by the total number 
of persons on board must be capable of being launched with the survival 
crafts' full complement of persons and equipment within a period of 30 
minutes from the time the abandon-ship signal is given.



Sec. 199.250  Drills.

    (a) An abandon-ship drill and a fire drill, as described in 
Sec. 199.180, must be conducted on each passenger vessel at least 
weekly.
    (b) The entire crew does not have to be involved in every drill, but 
each crewmember must participate in an abandon-ship drill and a fire 
drill each month.
    (c) Passengers and special personnel must be strongly encouraged to 
attend abandon-ship and fire drills.



          Subpart D--Additional Requirements for Cargo Vessels



Sec. 199.260  General.

    Cargo vessels and special purpose vessels, as described in 
Sec. 199.10(g), must meet the requirements in this subpart in addition 
to the requirements in subparts A and B of this part.



Sec. 199.261  Survival craft.

    (a) Each survival craft must be approved and equipped as follows:
    (1) Each lifeboat must be a totally enclosed lifeboat approved under 
approval series 160.135 and equipped as specified in table 199.175 of 
this part.
    (2) Each inflatable liferaft must be approved under approval series 
160.151 and be equipped with a SOLAS A pack.
    (3) Each rigid liferaft must be approved under approval series 
160.118 and be equipped as specified in table 199.175 of this part.
    (4) Each liferaft must have a capacity of six persons or more.
    (5) Each marine evacuation system must be approved under approval 
series 160.175.
    (b) Each cargo vessel must carry--
    (1) On each side of the vessel, lifeboats with an aggregate capacity 
sufficient to accommodate the total number of persons on board; and
    (2) Liferafts--
    (i) With an aggregate capacity sufficient to accommodate the total 
number of persons on board and that are stowed in a position providing 
for easy side-to-side transfer at a single open deck level; or
    (ii) With an aggregate capacity on each side sufficient to 
accommodate the total number of persons on board.
    (c) A cargo vessel is not required to meet the requirements of 
paragraph (b) of this section if it carries--
    (1) Lifeboats capable of being free-fall launched over the stern of 
the vessel that have an aggregate capacity sufficient to accommodate the 
total number of persons on board; and
    (2) On each side of the vessel, liferafts with an aggregate capacity 
sufficient to accommodate the total number of

[[Page 458]]

persons on board with the liferafts on at least one side of the vessel 
being served by launching appliances or marine evacuation systems.
    (d) Cargo vessels less than 85 meters (278 feet) in length, with the 
exception of tank vessels, are not required to meet paragraphs (b) or 
(c) of this section if they meet the following:
    (1) On each side of the vessel--
    (i) Liferafts are carried with an aggregate capacity sufficient to 
accommodate the total number of persons on board and are stowed in a 
position providing for easy side-to-side transfer at a single open deck 
level; or
    (ii) Liferafts are carried with an aggregate capacity sufficient to 
accommodate 150 percent of the total number of persons on board. If the 
rescue boat required under Sec. 199.262 is also a lifeboat, its capacity 
may be included to meet the aggregate capacity requirement.
    (2) In the event the largest survival craft on either side of the 
vessel is lost or rendered unserviceable, there must be survival craft 
available for use on each side of the vessel, including those which are 
stowed in a position providing for side-to-side transfer at a single 
open deck level, with a capacity sufficient to accommodate the total 
number of persons on board.
    (e) Each cargo vessel on which the horizontal distance from the 
extreme end of the stem or stern of the vessel to the nearest end of the 
closest survival craft is more than 100 meters (328 feet) must carry, in 
addition to the liferafts required by paragraphs (b)(2) and (c)(2) of 
this section, a liferaft stowed as far forward or aft, or one as far 
forward and another as far aft, as is reasonable and practicable. The 
requirement for the liferaft to float free under Sec. 199.130(c)(7) does 
not apply to a liferaft under this paragraph, provided it is arranged 
for quick manual release.
    (f) Each lifeboat on a tank vessel certificated to carry cargos that 
emit toxic vapors or gases must be approved as a lifeboat with a self-
contained air support system or a fire-protected lifeboat.
    (g) Each lifeboat must be approved as a fire-protected lifeboat if 
it is carried on a tank vessel certificated to carry cargos that have a 
flashpoint less than 60  deg.C as determined under ASTM D93-94.



Sec. 199.262  Rescue boats.

    (a) Each cargo vessel must carry at least one rescue boat. Each 
rescue boat must be approved under approval series 160.156 and be 
equipped as specified in table 199.175 of this part.
    (b) A lifeboat is accepted as a rescue boat if, in addition to being 
approved under approval series 160.135, it also is approved under 
approval series 160.156.



Sec. 199.271  Lifebuoys.

    Each cargo vessel must carry the number of lifebuoys prescribed in 
table 199.271 of this section.

       Table 199.271.--Requirements for Lifebuoys on Cargo Vessels      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Minimum  
             Length of vessel in meters (feet)                number of 
                                                              lifebuoys 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under 100 (328)............................................            8
100 (328) and under 150 (492)..............................           10
150 (492) and under 200 (656)..............................           12
200 (656) and over.........................................           14
------------------------------------------------------------------------



Sec. 199.273  Immersion suits.

    (a) Each cargo vessel must carry an immersion suit approved under 
approval series 160.171 of an appropriate size for each person on board.
    (b) If watch stations, work stations, or work sites are remote from 
cabins, staterooms, or berthing areas and the immersion suits stowed in 
those locations, there must be, in addition to the immersion suits 
required under paragraph (a) of this section, enough immersion suits 
stowed at the watch stations, work stations, or work sites to equal the 
number of persons normally on watch in, or assigned to, those locations 
at any time.

[[Page 459]]

    (c) The immersion suits required under paragraphs (a) and (b) of 
this section are not required if the cargo vessel operates only on 
routes between 32 degrees north and 32 degrees south latitude.
    (d) The immersion suits required under this section can be included 
to meet the requirements of Sec. 199.70(c).

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996; 61 FR 40281, Aug. 1, 1996]



Sec. 199.280  Survival craft embarkation and launching arrangements.

    (a) Each lifeboat must be arranged to be boarded and launched 
directly from the stowed position.
    (b) Each davit-launched liferaft must be arranged to be boarded and 
launched from a position immediately adjacent to the stowed position or 
from a position where, under Sec. 199.130(b)(4), the liferaft is 
transferred before launching.
    (c) Cargo vessels of 20,000 tons gross tonnage or more must carry 
lifeboats that are capable of being launched, using painters if 
necessary, with the vessel making headway at speeds up to 5 knots in 
clam water.
    (d) All survival craft required for abandonment by the total number 
of persons on board must be capable of being launched with their full 
complement of persons and equipment within 10 minutes from the time the 
abandon-ship signal is given.
    (e) On a tank vessel carrying crude oil, product, chemicals, or 
liquefied gases, notwithstanding the requirements of Sec. 199.150(b), 
each launching appliance, together with its lowering and recovery gear, 
must be arranged so that the fully equipped survival craft the launching 
appliance serves can be safely lowered on the lower side of the vessel 
at the angle of heel after damage calculated in accordance with--
    (1) The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution 
from Ships, 1973, as amended by the Protocal of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78), in 
the case of an oil tanker;
    (2) The International Code for the Construction and Equipment of 
Ships carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk, in the case of a chemical 
tanker; or
    (3) The International Code for the Construction and Equipment of 
Ships carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk, in the case of a gas carrier.



Sec. 199.290  Stowage of survival craft.

    (a) To meet the requirements of Sec. 199.130(b)(1), each lifeboat--
    (1) On a cargo vessel 80 meters (262 feet) or more in length but 
less than 120 meters (393 feet) in length, must be stowed with the 
after-end of the lifeboat at a distance not less than one length of the 
lifeboat forward of the vessel's propeller; and
    (2) On a cargo vessel 120 meters (393 feet) or more in length, must 
be stowed with the after end of the lifeboat not less than 1.5 times the 
length of the lifeboat forward of the vessel's propeller.
    (b) On a tank vessel certificated to carry cargos that have a 
flashpoint less the 60  deg.C as determined under ASTM D93-94, each 
lifeboat or launching appliance of aluminum construction must be 
protected by a water spray system meeting the requirements of part 34, 
subpart 34.25 of this chapter.
    (c) Other than the stowage position for the liferaft required under 
Sec. 199.261(e), no stowage position or muster and embarkation station 
for a survival craft on a tank vessel may be located on or above a cargo 
tank, slop tank, or other tank containing explosives or hazardous 
liquids.
    (d) Each lifeboat and davit-launched liferaft must be arranged to be 
boarded by its full complement of persons within 3 minutes from the time 
the instruction to board is given.



   Subpart E--Additional Requirements for Vessels Not Subject to SOLAS



Sec. 199.500  General.

    This subpart sets out requirements in addition to the requirements 
in subparts A, B, C, and D of this part applicable to vessels not 
subject to SOLAS.



Sec. 199.510  EPIRB requirements.

    (a) Each vessel must carry a category 1 406 MHz satellite EPIRB 
meeting the requirements of 47 CFR part 80.
    (b) When the vessel is underway, the EPIRB must be stowed in its 
float-free

[[Page 460]]

bracket with the controls set for automatic activation and be mounted in 
a manner so that it will float free if the vessel sinks.



Sec. 199.520  Lifeboat requirements.

    When the vessel's lifeboats are used to carry persons to and from 
the vessel in a harbor or at an anchorage, the survival craft remaining 
on the vessel must have an aggregate capacity sufficient to accommodate 
all persons remaining on board.



 Subpart F--Exemptions and Alternatives for Vessels Not Subject to SOLAS



Sec. 199.600  General.

    This subpart sets out specific exemptions and alternatives to 
requirements in subparts A, B, C, D, and E of this part for vessels not 
subject to SOLAS.



Sec. 199.610  Exemptions for vessels in specified services.

    (a) All vessels. Vessels operating in coastwise; Great Lakes; lakes, 
bays, and sounds; and rivers service are exempt from requirements in 
subparts A through E of this part as specified in this paragraph and in 
table 199.610(a) of this section.
    (1) Non-self propelled vessels. Non-self propelled vessels need not 
meet the EPIRB requirement in Sec. 199.510 and the rescue boat 
requirements in Secs. 199.202 or 199.262 if they are in tow, moored to 
or alongside a MODU or a self-propelled vessel, or moored to shore.
    (2) Vessels operating on short runs. The distress signals 
requirement in Sec. 199.60(c) need not be met if the vessel operates on 
a route with a duration of 30 minutes or less.
    (3) Vessels operating in shallow water. The float-free link 
described in Secs. 199.175(b)(21)(ii)(B) and 199.640(j)(4)(E) is not 
required if the vessel operates on a route on which the water depth is 
never more than the length of the painter.
    (4) Vessels operating in fresh water. The survival craft fall 
renewal described in Sec. 199.190(j) is not required if the vessel 
operates on a fresh water route and inspection shows that the falls are 
not damaged by corrosion.

                       Table 199.610(a).--Exemptions for All Vessels in Specified Services                      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Service                                  
                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Section or paragraph in this part                                           Lakes, bays, and                   
                                          Coastwise         Great Lakes           sounds             Rivers     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
199.60(c): Distress signals........  Not Exempt          Not Exempt         Exempt             Exempt.          
199.70(a)(3)(iii): Lifebuoys fitted  Exempt              Exempt             Exempt             Exempt.          
         with smoke signals.                                                                                    
    199.70(b)(1)(i): Carriage of     (\1\)               (\1\)              (\1\)              (\1\).           
 additional child-size lifejackets.                                                                             
199.70(b)(4)(i): Lifejacket lights.  (\2\)               (\2\)              Exempt             Exempt.          
    199.70(b)(4)(ii): Lifejacket     Exempt              Exempt             Exempt             Exempt.          
              whistles.                                                                                         
   199.70(c): Immersion suits for    Not Exempt          Not Exempt         Exempt             Exempt.          
      rescue boat crew members.                                                                                 
  199.70(c)(4)(ii): Immersion suit   Exempt              Exempt             Exempt             Exempt.          
              whistles.                                                                                         
  199.100(c)(1): Requirements for    Not Exempt          Not Exempt         Not Exempt         Exempt.          
 person-in-charge of survival craft.                                                                            
 199.100(d): Designation of second-  (\3\)               (\3\)              (\3\)              Exempt.          
    in-command of survival craft.                                                                               
 199.100(f): Embarkation ladders at  (\4\)               (\4\)              (\4\)              (\4\).           
         launching stations.                                                                                    
   199.130(a)(4): Survival craft     Not Exempt          Not Exempt         Exempt             Exempt.          
        embarkation position.                                                                                   
199.170: Line-throwing appliance...  Not Exempt          Exempt             Exempt             Exempt.          
199.510: EPIRB requirement.........  (\5\)               (\6\)              Exempt             Exempt.          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                                                          
(\1\) Exempt if the vessel does not carry persons smaller than the lower size limit of the lifejackets carried. 
(\2\) Exempt if the vessel is a ferry or has no overnight accommodations.                                       
(\3\) Exempt if the survival craft has a carrying capacity of less than 40 persons.                             
(\4\) Exempt if the distance is less than 3 meters (10 feet) from the embarkation deck to the water with the    
  vessel in its lightest seagoing operating condition.                                                          
(\5\) Exempt if the vessel is a cargo vessel under 300 tons gross tonnage and operates on a route no more than 3
  nautical miles from shore.                                                                                    
(\6\) Exempt if the vessel operates on a route no more than 3 nautical miles from shore.                        

    (b) Passenger vessels. In addition to the exemptions in paragraph 
(a) of this section, passenger vessels operating in coastwise; Great 
Lakes; lakes, bays, and sounds; and rivers service are exempt from 
requirements in subparts A

[[Page 461]]

through E of this part as specified in table 199.610(b) of this section.

                    Table 199.610(b).--Exemptions for Passenger Vessels in Specified Services                   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     Service                                    
  Section or paragraph in this  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              part                                                         Lakes, bays, and                     
                                      Coastwise           Great Lakes           sounds              Rivers      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    199.203: Marshalling of      Not Exempt           Exempt              Exempt              Exempt.           
           liferafts.                                                                                           
199.211(b): Lights on lifebuoys  (\1\)                (\1\)               (\1\)               (\1\)             
    199.212(a): Carriage of      Exempt               Exempt              Exempt              Exempt.           
     additional five percent                                                                                    
          lifejackets.                                                                                          
  199.214: Immersion suits and   Not Exempt           Not Exempt          Exempt              Exempt.           
   thermal protective aids in                                                                                   
           lifeboats.                                                                                           
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note:                                                                                                           
\1\ Exept if the length of vessel is under 60 meters (197 feet) and there are self-igniting lights attached to  
  at least one-half the required lifebuoys.                                                                     

    (c) Cargo vessels. In addition to the exemptions in paragraph (a) of 
this section, cargo vessels operating in coastwise; Great Lakes; lakes, 
bays, and sounds; and rivers service are exempt from requirements in 
subparts A through E of this part as specified in table 199.610(c) of 
this section.

                      Table 199.610(c).--Exemptions for Cargo Vessels in Specified Services                     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                      Service                                   
  Section or paragraph in this   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              part                                                                 Lakes, Bays,                 
                                      Oceans         Coastwise      Great Lakes     and Sounds        Rivers    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   199.70(a)(3)(ii): Lights on    Not exempt      (\1\)           (\1\)           (\1\)           (\1\)         
            lifebuoys.                                                                                          
199.80(b): Muster list..........  (\2\)           (\2\)           (\2\)           (\2\)           (\2\)         
199.262(a): Rescue boats........  (2,3)           (\3\)           (\3\)           (\3\)           (\3\)         
199.273: Immersion suits........  Not exempt      Not exempt      Not exempt      Exempt          Exempt        
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                                                          
\1\ Exempt if the length of vessel is under 30 meters (99 feet).                                                
\2\ Exempt if the vessel is under 500 tons gross tonnage.                                                       
\3\ Exempt if--(i) the OCMI determines the vessel is arranged to allow a helpless person to be recovered from   
  the water.                                                                                                    
 A(ii) recovery of the helpless person can be observed from the navigating bridge; and                          
 A(iii) the vessel does not regularly engage in operations that restrict its maneuverability.                   



Sec. 199.620  Alternatives for all vessels in a specified service.

    (a) General. Vessels operating in oceans; coastwise; Great Lakes; 
lakes, bays, and sounds; and rivers service may comply with alternative 
requirements to subparts A through E of this part as described in this 
section for the services specified in table 199.620(a) of this section.

               Table 199.620(a).--Alternative Requirements for All Vessels in a Specified Service               
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      Service and reference to alternative requirement section or paragraph     
 Section or paragraph in this  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             part                                                                   Lakes, Bays                 
                                     Oceans         Coastwise       Great Lakes     and Sounds        Rivers    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 199.70(a): Lifebuoy approval   199.620(b) 1...  199.620(b) 1...  199.620(b)....  199.620(b)....  199.620(b).   
            series.                                                                                             
199.70(b): Lifejacket approval  199.620(c) 2...  199.620(c) 2...  199.620(c)....  199.620(c)....  199.620(c).   
            series.                                                                                             
    199.70(b)(1): Number of     No Alternative.  199.620(d).....  199.620(d)....  199.620(d)....  199.620(d).   
      lifejackets carried.                                                                                      
  199.70(b)(4)(i): Lifejacket   No Alternative.  199.620(e).....  199.620(e)....  Not Applicable  Not           
     light approval series.                                                                        Applicable.  
199.110(f): Embarkation ladder  199.620(f).....  199.620(f).....  199.620(f)....  199.620(f)....  199.620(f).   
  199.130(b): Survival craft    No Alternative.  No Alternative.  199.625(g)....  199.625(g)....  199.625(g).   
       stowage position.                                                                                        
    199.170: Line-throwing      199.620(h) 2...  199.620(h) 3...  Not Applicable  Not Applicable  Not           
   appliance approval series.                                                                      Applicable.  
 199.201(a)(2) or .261(a)(2):   199.620(l) 4...  199.620(l).....  199.620(l)....  199.620(l)....  199.620(l).   
 Inflatable liferaft equipment.                                                                                 
   199.175: Lifeboat, rescue    199.620(i) 4...  199.620(i).....  199.620(j)....  199.620(j)....  199.620(j).   
    boat, and rigid liferaft                                                                                    
           equipment.                                                                                           

[[Page 462]]

                                                                                                                
  199.201(a)(2) and 199.261:    No Alternative.  199.620(k).....  199.620(k)....  199.620(k)....  199.620(k).   
   Liferaft approval series.                                                                                    
199.510: EPIRB requirement....  199.620(m)(1)..  199.620(m)(1)..  199.620(m)....  Not Applicable  Not           
                                                                                                   Applicable.  
 199.190(c): Spares and repair  199.620(n).....  199.620(n).....  199.620(n)....  199.620(n)....  199.620(n).   
           equipment.                                                                                           
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                                                          
1 Alternative applies if lifebuoy is orange.                                                                    
2 Alternative applies only to cargo vessels that are less than 500 tons gross tonnage.                          
3 Alternative applies to cargo vessels that are less than 500 tons gross tonnage and to all passenger vessels.  
4 Alternative applies to passenger vessels limited to operating no more than 50 nautical miles from shore.      

    (b) Lifebuoy approval series. As an alternative to a lifebuoy 
approved under approval series 160.150, vessels may carry a lifebuoy 
approved under approval series 160.050.
    (c) Lifejackets approval series. As an alternative to a lifejacket 
meeting the approval requirements in Sec. 199.70, vessels may carry a 
lifejacket approved under approval series 160.002, 160.005, 160.055, or 
160.077.
    (d) Lifejacket quantity. Vessels may carry lifejackets as follows:
    (1) If lifejackets are stowed in cabins, staterooms, or berthing 
areas that are readily accessible to each watch or work station, the 
requirement in Sec. 199.70(b)(2)(iv) to have lifejackets at each watch 
or work station need not be met.
    (2) If the vessel carries lifejackets that are designated extended-
size, then the number of child-size lifejackets carried to meet 
Sec. 199.70(b)(1)(i) may be reduced. To take the reduction in child-size 
lifejackets, extended-size lifejackets having the same lower size limit 
must be substituted for all of the required adult lifejackets. The 
number of child-size lifejackets required depends on the lower size 
limit of the extended-size lifejackets and is calculated by any one of 
the following formulas where PC is the number of child-size lifejackets 
expressed as a percentage of the number of lifejackets required under 
Sec. 199.70(b)(1):
    (i) PC=LS4.1, where LS equals the lower size limit expressed 
in kilograms.
    (ii) PC=LS9, where LS equals the lower size limit expressed 
in pounds.
    (iii) PC=(LS-81)7.6, where LS equals the lower size limit 
expressed in centimeters.
    (iv) PC=(LS-32)3, where LS equals the lower size limit 
expressed in inches.
    (e) LIfejacket light approval series. As an alternative to lights 
approved under approval series 161.112, vessels may use lights for 
lifejackets and immersions suits approved under series 161.012. 
Chemiluminescent-type lifejacket lights approved under approval series 
161.012 are not permitted on vessels certificated to operate on waters 
where water temperature may drop below 10  deg.C (50  deg.F).
    (f) Embarkation ladder. An embarkation ladder may be a chain ladder 
approved under approval series 160.017.
    (g) Survival craft stowage positions. Vessels having widely 
separated accommodation and service spaces may have, as an alternative 
to the requirements of Sec. 199.130(b), all required lifeboats and 50 
percent of the required liferafts stowed as close as possible to the 
accommodation and service space that normally holds the greatest number 
of persons, with the remainder of the liferafts stowed as close as 
possible to each other accommodation and service space.
    (h) Line-throwing appliance approval series. As an alternative to a 
line-throwing appliance that meets the requirements in Sec. 199.170, 
vessels may carry a line-throwing appliance approved under approval 
series 160.031, which may have an auxiliary line that is at least 150 
meters (500 feet).
    (i) Lifeboat, rescue boat, and rigid liferaft equipment; oceans and 
coastwise.

[[Page 463]]

Lifeboats, rescue boats, and rigid liferafts may carry the equipment 
specified in table 199.175 of this part for vessels on a short 
international voyage.
    (j) Lifeboat, rescue boat, and rigid liferaft equipment; other 
services. As an alternative to meeting the survival craft equipment 
requirements of Sec. 199.175, a vessel may carry the equipment specified 
in table 199.620(j) of this section under the vessel's category of 
service. Each item in the table has the same description as in 
Sec. 199.175.

                                   Table 199.620(j).--Survival Craft Equipment                                  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      Great Lakes           Lakes, bays and sounds              Rivers          
 Item                        -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  No.           Item                      Rigid   Rescue              Rigid   Rescue              Rigid   Rescue
                              Lifeboat  liferaft   boat   Lifeboat  liferaft   boat   Lifeboat  liferaft   boat 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.....  Bailer \1\..........        1         1        1        1         1        1  ........  ........  ......
2.....  Bilge pump \2\......        1   ........  ......        1   ........  ......  ........  ........  ......
3.....  Boathook............        1   ........       1        1   ........       1        1   ........       1
4.....  Bucket \3\..........        1   ........       1        1   ........  ......        1   ........  ......
9.....  Fire extinguisher...        1   ........       1        1   ........       1        1   ........       1
12....  Flashlight..........        1         1        1  ........  ........  ......  ........  ........  ......
13....  Hatchet.............        2   ........  ......        1   ........  ......        1   ........  ......
15....  Instruction card....  ........        1   ......  ........        1   ......  ........        1   ......
18....  Ladder..............        1   ........       1  ........  ........  ......  ........  ........  ......
20....  Oars, units \4\ \5\.        1   ........       1        1   ........       1        1   ........       1
        Paddles.............  ........        2   ......  ........        2   ......  ........        2   ......
21....  Painter.............        2         1        1        1         1        1        1         1        1
23....  Pump \6\............  ........  ........       1  ........  ........       1  ........  ........       1
26....  Repair kit \6\......  ........  ........       1  ........  ........       1  ........  ........       1
27....  Sea anchor..........        1         2        1  ........  ........  ......  ........  ........  ......
28....  Searchlight.........        1   ........       1  ........  ........  ......  ........  ........  ......
31....  Signal, hand flare..        6         6   ......        6         6   ......  ........  ........  ......
32....  Signal, parachute                                                                                       
         flare..............        4         4   ......  ........  ........  ......  ........  ........  ......
33....  Skates and                                                                                              
         fenders\7\.........        1   ........       1        1   ........       1        1   ........       1
34....  Sponge \6\..........  ........        2        2  ........        2        2  ........  ........  ......
35....  Survival                                                                                                
         instructions.......        1         1   ......        1         1   ......  ........  ........  ......
38....  Tool kit............        1   ........  ......        1   ........  ......        1   ........  ......
39....  Towline \8\.........        1   ........       1        1   ........       1        1   ........       1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                                                          
\1\ Each liferaft approved for 13 persons or more must carry two of these items.                                
\2\ Not required for boats of self-bailing design.                                                              
\3\ Not required for inflated or rigid-inflated rescue boats.                                                   
\4\ Oars not required on a free-fall lifeboat; a unit of oars means the number of oars specified by the boat    
  manufacturer.                                                                                                 
\5\ Rescue boats may substitute buoyant paddles for oars, as specified by the manufacturer.                     
\6\ Not required for a rigid rescue boat.                                                                       
\7\ Required if specified by the manufacturer.                                                                  
\8\ Required only if the lifeboat is also the rescue boat.                                                      

    (k) Liferaft approval series. As an alternative to liferafts that 
meet the requirements in Secs. 199.201(a) and 199.261(a), vessels may--
    (1) Carry inflatable liferafts approved under approval series 
160.051; and
    (2) Have liferafts with a capacity less than six persons.
    (l) Inflatable liferaft equipment. As an alternative to the SOLAS A 
Pack, vessels may have a SOLAS B Pack for each inflatable liferaft.
    (m) EPIRB requirements. As an alternative to EPIRBs that meet the 
requirements in Sec. 199.510, vessels may have the following:
    (1) Until February 1, 1999, a Coast Guard-approved Class A EPIRB 
manufactured after October 1, 1988, and installed on the vessel on or 
before October 1, 1996.
    (2) Until February 1, 1999, two Class C EPIRBs installed on the 
vessel on or before October 1, 1996. Class C EPIRBs must be installed--
    (i) In a weathertight enclosure;
    (ii) In a readily accessible location;
    (iii) One on each side of the vessel;
    (iv) If the vessel has two or more widely separated deckhouses, at 
separate deckhouses; and
    (v) At or near a principal embarkation station.
    (n) Spare parts and repair equipment. As an alternative to carrying 
spare parts and repair equipment as required

[[Page 464]]

in Sec. 199.190(c), a vessel need not carry spare parts and repair 
equipment if it operates daily out of a shore base where spare parts and 
repair equipment are available.

[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996; 61 FR 40281, Aug. 1, 1996]



Sec. 199.630  Alternatives for passenger vessels in a specified service.

    (a) In addition to the alternatives for certain requirements in 
Sec. 199.620, passenger vessels operating in oceans; coastwise; Great 
Lakes; lakes, bays, and sounds; and rivers service may comply with 
alternative requirements to subparts A through C of this part as 
described in this section for the services specified in table 199.630(a) 
of this section.

            Table 199.630(a).--Alternative Requirements for Passenger Vessels in a Specified Service            
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Service and reference to alternative requirement section or paragraph      
 Section or paragraph in this ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             part                                                                 Lakes, bays,                  
                                   Oceans         Coastwise      Great Lakes       and sounds         Rivers    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
199.60(c): Distress signals..  No Alternative  No Alternative  199.630(b).....  Not Applicable.  Not Applicable.
 199.201(b): Number and type   199.630(c) \1\  199.630(c) or   199.630(c) or    199.630(c) or    199.630(c) or  
  of survival craft carried.                    199.630(d) \2   199.630(d) \2\   199.630(d) or    199.630(d) or 
                                                \.              or 199.630(e)    199.630(e) or    199.630(e) or 
                                                                or 199.630(f)    199.630(f) \2\   199.630(f) or 
                                                                \2\ or           or 199.630(g)    199.630(g) or 
                                                                199.630(g) \2\   \2\ \3\ or       199.630(h). \4
                                                                 \3\ or          199.630(h) \4\.  \             
                                                                199.630(h) \4\.                                 
199.202: Rescue boat approval  No Alternative  No Alternative  No Alternative.  199.630(i) \5\.  199.630(i).    
            series.                                                                                             
   199.203: Marshalling of     No Alternative  199.630(j)....  Not Applicable.  Not Applicable.  Not Applicable.
          liferafts.                                                                                            
   199.211(a): Quantity of     No Alternative  199.630(k)....  199.630(k).....  199.630(k).....  199.630(k).    
          lifebuoys.                                                                                            
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                                                          
(1) Alternative applies if the vessel operates on a route no more than 50 nautical miles from shore.            
(2) Alternative applies if the vessel is a ferry or has no overnight accommodations.                            
(3) Alternative applies during periods of the year the vessel operates in warm water.                           
(4) Alternative applies if the vessel operates in shallow water not more than 3 miles from shore where the      
  vessel cannot sink deep enough to submerge the topmost deck.                                                  
(5) Alternative applies if the vessel operates on sheltered lakes or harbors.                                   

    (b) As an alternative to distress signals that meet the requirements 
of Sec. 199.60, vessels may carry at least 12 hand red flare distress 
signals approved under approval series 160.021 or 160.121.
    (c) As an alternative to the lifeboat capacity requirements of 
Sec. 199.201(b)(1)(i), vessels may carry lifeboats with an aggregate 
capacity sufficient to accommodate not less than 30 percent of the total 
number of persons on board. These lifeboats must be equally distributed, 
as far as practicable, on each side of the vessel.
    (d) As an alternative to the survival craft requirements of 
Sec. 199.201(b), vessels may carry inflatable buoyant apparatus having 
an aggregate capacity, together with the capacities of any lifeboats, 
rescue boats, and liferafts carried on board sufficient to, accommodate 
the total number of persons on board. These inflatable buoyant apparatus 
must--
    (1) Be served by launching appliances or marine evacuation systems 
evenly distributed on each side of the vessel if the embarkation deck is 
more than 3 meters (10 feet) above--
    (i) The waterline under normal operating conditions; or
    (ii) The equilibrium waterline after the vessel is subjected to the 
assumed damage and subdivision requirements in part 171 of this chapter;
    (2) Be stowed in accordance with the requirements of Secs. 199.130 
(a) and (c); and
    (3) Be equipped in accordance with the requirements in table 
199.640(j) of this part.
    (e) As an alternative to the survival craft requirements of 
Sec. 199.201(b), vessels may carry--

[[Page 465]]

    (1) Liferafts having an aggregate capacity, together with the 
capacities of any lifeboats carried on board, sufficient to accommodate 
the total number of persons on board that are served by launching 
appliances or marine evacuation systems evenly distributed on each side 
of the vessel; and
    (2) In addition to the liferafts required in paragraph (e)(1) of 
this section, additional liferafts that have an aggregate capacity 
sufficient to accommodate at least 10 percent of the total number of 
persons, or equal to the capacity of the largest single survival craft 
on the vessel, whichever is the greater. The additional liferafts are 
not required to be stowed in accordance with Sec. 199.130(c), but they 
must be served by at least one launching appliance or marine evacuation 
system on each side of the vessel.
    (f) As an alternative to the survival craft requirements of 
Sec. 199.201(b), vessels may have a safety assessment approved by the 
local OCMI that addresses the following:
    (1) The navigation and vessel safety conditions within the vessel's 
planned operating area including--
    (i) The scope and degree of the risks or hazards to which the vessel 
will be subject during normal operations;
    (ii) The existing vessel traffic characteristics and trends, 
including traffic volume; the sizes and types of vessels involved; 
potential interference with the flow of commercial traffic; the presence 
of any unusual cargoes; and other similar factors;
    (iii) The port and waterway configuration and variations in local 
conditions of geography, climate, and other similar factors; and
    (iv) Environmental factors.
    (2) A comprehensive shipboard safety management and contingency plan 
that is tailored to the particular vessel, is easy to use, is understood 
by vessel management personnel both on board and ashore, is updated 
regularly, and includes--
    (i) Guidance to assist the vessel's crew in meeting the demand of 
catastrophic vessel damage;
    (ii) Procedures to mobilize emergency response teams;
    (iii) Procedures for moving passengers from the vessel's spaces to 
areas protected from fire and smoke, to embarkation areas, and off the 
vessel. The procedures must address provisions for passengers with 
physical or mental impairments;
    (iv) Lifts of external organizations that the vessel's operator 
would call for assistance in the event of an incident;
    (v) Procedures for establishing and maintaining communications on 
board the vessel and with shoreside contacts; and
    (vi) Guidance on theoretical, practical, and actual simulation 
training that includes the personnel or organizations identified in the 
plan so they can practice their roles in the event of an incident.
    (g) As an alternative to the survival craft requirements of 
Sec. 199.201(b), vessels may carry inflatable buoyant apparatus having 
an aggregate capacity, together with the capacities of any lifeboats, 
rescue boats and liferafts carried on board, sufficient to accommodate 
67 percent of the total number of persons on board. These inflatable 
buoyant apparatus must meet the arrangement requirements of 
Secs. 199.630 (d)(1) through (d)(3).
    (h) A vessel need not comply with the requirements for survival 
craft in Sec. 199.201(b) if the vessel operates--
    (1) On a route that is in shallow water not more than 3 miles from 
shore and the vessel cannot sink deep enough to submerge the topmost 
deck; or
    (2) Where the cognizant OCMI determines that survivors can wade 
ashore.
    (i) As an alternative to the rescue boat required in Sec. 199.202, 
vessels may carry a rescue boat meeting the requirements of part 160, 
subpart 160.056 of this chapter if it is equipped with a motor and meets 
the following:
    (1) The towline for the rescue boat must be at least the same size 
and length as the rescue boat painter.
    (2) The rescue boat must meet the embarkation, launching, and 
recovery arrangement requirements in Secs. 199.160 (b) through (f). The 
OCMI may allow deviations from the rescue boat launching requirements 
based on the characteristics of the boat and the conditions of the 
vessel's route.
    (j) As an alternative to the requirements of Sec. 199.203(a), a 
vessel that

[[Page 466]]

meets the subdivision requirements in Sec. 171.068 of this chapter may 
meet the requirements of Sec. 199.203(b).
    (k) Vessels carrying lifebuoys may carry--
    (1) The number of lifebuoys specified in table 199.630(k) of this 
section instead of the number required in Sec. 199.211; and
    (2) If the vessel carries less than four lifebuoys, at least two 
with a self-igniting light attached to the lifebuoy. A buoyant lifeline 
may be fitted to one of the lifebuoys with a self-igniting light.

              Table 199.630(k).--Requirements for Lifebuoys             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Minimum 
              Length of vessel in meters (feet)                number of
                                                               lifebuoys
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under 30 (98)................................................          3
30 (98) and under 60 (196)...................................          4
60 (196) and under 90 (297)..................................          5
90 (297) and under 120 (393).................................         12
120 (393) and under 180 (590)................................         18
180 (590) and under 240 (787)................................         24
240 (787) and over...........................................         30
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[CGD 84-069, 61 FR 25313, May 20, 1996; 61 FR 40281, Aug. 1, 1996]



Sec. 199.640  Alternatives for cargo vessels in a specified service.

    (a) In addition to the alternatives for certain requirements in 
Sec. 199.620, cargo vessels operating in oceans; coastwise; Great Lakes; 
lakes, bays, and sounds; and rivers service may comply with alternative 
requirements to subparts A, B, and D of this part as described in this 
section for the services specified in table 199.640(a) of this section.

               Table 199.640(a)--Alternative Requirements for Cargo Vessels in a Specified Service              
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Service or reference to alternative requirement section             
 Section or paragraph in this ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             part                                                                 Lakes, bays,                  
                                   Oceans         Coastwise      Great Lakes       and sounds         Rivers    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
199.60(c): Distress signals..  199.640(b) \1\  199.640(b) \1\  199.640(b) \1\   Not Applicable.  Not Applicable.
                                                                or 199.630(b).                                  
 199.261: Number and type of   199.640(c) \6\  199.640(c) \6\  199.640(c) \2\   199.640(c) \2\   199.640(c) or  
    survival craft carried.                                     or 199.640(d)    or 199.640(d)    199.640(d) or 
                                                                or 199.640(e)    or 199.640(e)    199.640(e) \3\
                                                                \3\ or           \3\ or           or            
                                                                199.640(f) \4\.  199.640(f) \4\.  199.640(f).\4\
     199.262: Rescue boat      No Alternative  199.640(g)....  199.640(g).....  199.640(g) or    199.640(g) or  
         substitution.                                                           199.640(h) \5\.  199.640(h).   
199.271: Lifebuoy quantity...  No Alternative  199.640(i)....  199.640(i).....  199.640(i).....  199.640(i).    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                                                          
\1\ Alternative applies to vessels less than 150 tons gross tonnage that do not carry passengers or persons in  
  addition to the crew.                                                                                         
\2\ Alternative applies to cargo vessels less than 85 meters in length, tank vessels less than 500 tons gross   
  tonnage, and nonself-propelled vessels.                                                                       
\3\ Alternative applies during periods of the year that the vessel operates in warm water.                      
\4\ Alternative applies if the vessel operates in shallow water not more than 3 miles from shore where the      
  vessel cannot sink deep enough to submerge the topmost deck.                                                  
\5\ Alternative applies if the vessel operates on sheltered lakes or harbors.                                   
\6\ Alternative applies to vessels less than 500 tons gross tonnage.                                            

    (b) Vessels of less than 150 tons gross tonnage that do not carry 
persons other than the crew, may carry, as an alternative to distress 
signals that meet the requirements of Sec. 199.60, six hand red flare 
distress signals approved under approval series 160.021 and six hand 
orange smoke distress signals approved under approval series 160.037.
    (c) As an alternative to the survival craft requirements of 
Secs. 199.261(b), (c), or (d), vessels may carry one or more liferafts 
with an aggregate capacity sufficient to accommodate the total number of 
persons on board. The liferafts must be--
    (1) Readily transferable for launching on either side of the vessel; 
or
    (2) Supplemented with additional liferafts to bring the total 
capacity of the liferafts available on each side of the vessel to at 
least 100 percent of the total number of persons on board. If additional 
liferafts are provided and the rescue boat required under Sec. 199.262 
is

[[Page 467]]

also a lifeboat, its capacity may be included in meeting the aggregate 
capacity requirement.
    (d) As an alternative to the survival craft requirements in 
Secs. 199.261 (b), (c), or (d), vessels may carry one or more totally 
enclosed lifeboats with an aggregate capacity sufficient to accommodate 
the total number of persons on board and one or more liferafts with an 
aggregate capacity sufficient to accommodate the total number of persons 
on board. This combination of survival craft must meet the following:
    (1) The aggregate capacity of the lifeboats and liferafts on each 
side of the vessel must be sufficient to accommodate the total number of 
persons on board.
    (2) If the survival craft are stowed more than 100 meters (328 feet 
from either the stem or the stern of the vessel, an additional liferaft 
must be carried and stowed as far forward or aft as is reasonable and 
practicable. The requirement for the liferaft to float free under 
Sec. 199.290(b) does not apply to a liferaft under this paragraph, 
provided the liferaft is arranged for quick manual release.
    (e) As an alternative to the survival craft requirements in 
Secs. 199.261 (b), (c), or (d), during periods of the year the vessel 
operates in warm water, a vessel may carry lifefloats with an aggregate 
capacity sufficient to accommodate the total number of people on board. 
The lifefloat launching arrangement, stowage, and equipment must meet 
the requirements in Sec. 199.640(j).
    (f) A vessel need not comply with the requirements for survival 
craft in Secs. 199.261 (b), (c), or (d) if the vessel operates--
    (1) On a route that is in shallow water not more than 3 miles from 
shore and where the vessel cannot sink deep enough to submerge the 
topmost deck; or
    (2) Where the cognizant OCMI determines that survivors can wade 
ashore.
    (g) As an alternative to the rescue boat requirement in 
Sec. 199.262(a), vessels may carry a motor-propelled workboat or a 
launch that meets all the embarkation, launching, and recovery 
arrangement requirements in Secs. 199.160 (b) through (f). The OCMI may 
allow deviations from the rescue boat launching requirements based on 
the characteristics of the boat and the conditions of the vessel's 
route.
    (h) An an alternative to the rescue boat requirement in 
Sec. 199.262, vessels may carry a rescue boat meeting the requirements 
of part 160, subpart 160.056 of this chapter if the rescue boat is 
equipped with a motor and meets the following:
    (1) The towline for the rescue boat must be at least the same size 
and length as the rescue boat painter.
    (2) The rescue boat must meet the embarkation, launching, and 
recovery arrangement requirements in Secs. 199.160 (b) through (f). The 
OCMI may allow deviations from the rescue boat launching requirements 
based on the characteristics of the boat and the conditions of the 
vessel's route.
    (i) As an alternative to the number of lifebuoys required in 
Sec. 199.271, vessels may carry--
    (1) If the vessel is self-propelled, the number of lifebuoys 
specified in table 199.640(i) of this section; or
    (2) If the vessel is non self-propelled, one lifebuoy on each end of 
the vessel.

              Table 199.640(i)--Requirements for Lifebuoys              
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Minimum 
              Length of vessel in meters  (feet)                 No. of 
                                                               Lifebuoys
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under 30 (98)................................................          3
30 (98) and under 60 (196)...................................          4
60 (196) and under 100 (328).................................          6
100 (328) and under 150 (492)................................         10
150 (492) and under 200 (656)................................         12
200 (256) and over...........................................         14
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (j) Vessels carrying buoyant apparatus, inflatable buoyant 
apparatus, or lifefloats. Vessels carrying buoyant apparatus, inflatable 
buoyant apparatus, or lifefloats must meet the following:
    (1) General. Each buoyant apparatus and inflatable buoyant apparatus 
must be approved under approval series 160.010. Each lifefloat must be 
approved under approval series 160.027.
    (2) Stowage. Each buoyant apparatus, inflatable buoyant apparatus, 
or lifefloat must, in addition to meeting the general stowage 
requirements of Sec. 199.130(a), be stowed as follows:
    (i) Each inflatable buoyant apparatus must meet the liferaft stowage 
requirements in Sec. 199.130(c).

[[Page 468]]

    (ii) Each buoyant apparatus and lifefloat must--
    (A) Meet the liferaft stowage requirements in Secs. 199.130(c) (1), 
(2), (3), (6), and (7); or
    (B) Meet the liferaft stowage requirements in Secs. 199.130(c) (1), 
(2), (3), and (6), and have lashings that can be easily released.
    (iii) A painter must be secured to the buoyant apparatus or 
lifefloat by--
    (A) The attachment fitting provided by the manufacturer; or
    (B) A wire or line that encircles the body of the buoyant apparatus 
or lifefloat, that will not slip off, and that meets the requirements of 
paragraph (4)(iii) of this section.
    (iv) If buoyant apparatus or lifefloats are arranged in groups with 
each group secured by a single painter--
    (A) The combined mass of each group must not exceed 185 kilograms 
(407.8 pounds);
    (B) Each buoyant apparatus or lifefloat must be individually 
attached to the group's single painter by its own painter, which must be 
long enough to allow the buoyant apparatus or lifefloat to float without 
contacting any other buoyant apparatus or lifefloat in the group;
    (C) The strength of the float-free link and the strength of the 
group's single painter must be appropriate for the combined capacity of 
the group of buoyant apparatus or lifefloats;
    (D) The group of buoyant apparatus or lifefloats must not be stowed 
in more than four tiers and, when stowed in tiers, the separate units 
must be kept apart by spacers; and
    (E) The group of buoyant apparatus or lifefloats must be stowed to 
prevent shifting with easily detached lashings.
    (3) Marking. Each buoyant apparatus or lifefloat must be marked 
plainly in block capital letters and numbers with the name of the vessel 
and the number of persons approved to use the device as shown on its 
nameplate.
    (4) Equipment. Unless otherwise stated in this paragraph, each 
buoyant apparatus and lifefloat must carry the equipment listed in this 
paragraph and specified for it in table 199.640(j) of this section under 
the vessel's category of service.
    (i) Boathook.
    (ii) Paddle. Each paddle must be at least 1.2 meters (4 feet) long 
and buoyant.
    (iii) Painter. The painter must--
    (A) Be at least 30 meters (100 feet) long, but not less than three 
times the distance from the deck where the buoyant apparatus, inflatable 
buoyant apparatus, or lifefloats are stowed to the vessel's waterline 
with the vessel in its lightest seagoing condition;
    (B) Have a breaking strength of at least 6.7 kiloNewtons (1,500 
pounds-force), or if the capacity of the buoyant apparatus or lifefloat 
is 50 persons or more, have a breaking strength of at least 13.4 
kiloNewtons (3,000 pounds-force);
    (C) If made of a synthetic material, be of a dark color or be 
certified by the manufacturer to be resistant to deterioration from 
ultraviolet light;
    (D) Be stowed in such a way that it runs out freely when the buoyant 
apparatus or lifefloat floats away from the sinking vessel; and
    (E) Have a float-free link meeting the requirements of part 160, 
subpart 160.073 of this chapter secured to the end of the painter that 
is attached to the vessel, that is of the proper strength for the size 
and number of the buoyant apparatus or lifefloats attached to the float-
free link.
    (iv) Self-igniting light. The self-igniting light must be approved 
under approval series 161.010 and must be attached to the buoyant 
apparatus or lifefloat by a 12-thread manila or equivalent lanyard that 
is at least 5.5 meters (18 feet) long.

      Table 199.640(j).--Buoyant Apparatus and Lifefloat Equipment      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Lakes, 
                                                     Oceans,     bays,  
 Item                      Item                    coastwise,   sounds, 
  No.                                               and Great     and   
                                                      Lakes      rivers 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
i.....  Boathook \1\.............................           1          1
ii....  Paddles \1\..............................           2          2
iii...  Painter..................................           1          1
iv....  Self-igniting light \2\..................           1  .........
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:                                                                  
\1\ Not required to be carried on buoyant apparatus.                    
\2\ Not required to be carried on buoyant apparatus or life floats with 
  a capacity of 24 persons or less.                                     


[[Page 469]]

                                  INDEX

            SUBCHAPTER W--LIFESAVING APPLIANCES AND ARRANGEMENTS

  Editorial Note: This listing is provided for informational purposes 
only. It is compiled and kept up-to-date by the Coast Guard, Department 
of Transportation.

                                 A

                                               Part, Subpart, or Section

Accommodation, definition
                                                                  199.30
Accommodations, crew and passenger
                                                                  199.30
Additional equipment and requirements
                                                                  199.07
Alternative requirements for all vessels in a specified service, 
table
                                                              199.620(a)
Alternative requirements for cargo vessels in a specified service, 
table
                                                              199.640(a)
Alternative requirements for passenger vessels in a specified 
service, table
                                                              199.630(a)
Alternatives for all vessels in a specified service:
                                                              199.620(a)
Embarkation ladder............................................199.620(f)
EPIRB requirements............................................199.620(m)
General.......................................................199.620(a)
Inflatable liferaft equipment.................................199.620(l)
Lifeboat, rescue boat, and rigid liferaft equipment (oceans/
coastwise)....................................................199.620(i)
Lifeboat, rescue boat, and rigid liferaft equipment (other 
services).....................................................199.620(j)
Lifebuoy approval series......................................199.620(b)
Lifejacket approval series....................................199.620(c)
Lifejacket light approval series..............................199.620(e)
Lifejacket quantity...........................................199.620(d)
Liferaft approval series......................................199.620(k)
Line-throwing appliance approval series.......................199.620(h)
Spare parts and repair equipment..............................199.620(n)
Survival craft stowage positions..............................199.620(g)
Alternatives for cargo vessels in a specified service
                                                                 199.640
Alternatives for passenger vessels in a specified service
                                                                 199.630
Alternatives for vessels not subject to SOLAS, general
                                                                 199.500
Anti-exposure suit, definition
                                                                  199.30
Applicability of part
                                                                  199.10
Approval series, definition
                                                                  199.30
Approved, definition
                                                                  199.30
Associated liferafts
                                                              199.145(c)
Auxiliary line
                                199.03(b)(12), 199.170(c)(2), 199.620(h)

                                 B

Bailer
                                                           199.175(b)(1)
Batteries (less than 50 volts)
                                                              199.140(b)
Flashlight................................................199.175(b)(12)
Replacement.................................199.190(F)(4), 199.190(F)(5)
Searchlight...........................................199.175(b)(29)(iv)
Bilge pump
                                            199.130(b)(3), 199.175(b)(2)
Boathook
                                            199.175(b)(3), 199.640(j)(4)
Bucket
                                                                 199.175
Buoyant apparatus and lifefloat equipment, table
                                                              199.640(j)
Buoyant apparatus, equipment for
                                                           199.640(j)(4)

[[Page 470]]

                                 C

Can opener
                                                           199.175(b)(5)
Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate
                                                               199.03(b)
Cargo vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Cargo vessel, requirements
                                                                  Part D
Certificated person, definition
                                                                  199.30
Cargo vessel and special purpose vessel, general
                                                                 199.260
Child, definition
                                                                  199.30
Child-size lifejacket
                                                                  199.03
Civilian nautical school, definition
                                                                  199.30
Coastwise voyage, definition
                                                                  199.30
Commandant, definition
                                                                  199.30
Communications:
                                                                  199.60
Distress signals...............................................199.60(c)
Emergency position indicating radiobeacons (EPIRB).............199.60(b)
Onboard communications and alarm systems.......................199.60(d)
Radio lifesaving appliances....................................199.60(a)
Search and rescue transponders (SART)..........................199.60(b)
Compass
                                                           199.175(b)(6)
Crew, definition
                                                                  199.30

                                 D

Definitions:
                                                                  199.30
Accommodation.....................................................199.30
Anti-exposure suit................................................199.30
Approval series...................................................199.30
Approved..........................................................199.30
Cargo vessel......................................................199.30
Certificated person...............................................199.30
Child.............................................................199.30
Civilian nautical school..........................................199.30
Coastwise voyage..................................................199.30
Commandant........................................................199.30
Crew..............................................................199.30
District Commander................................................199.30
Detection.........................................................199.30
Embarkation ladder................................................199.30
Embarkation station...............................................199.30
Extended-size lifejacket..........................................199.30
Ferry.............................................................199.30
Float-free launching..............................................199.30
Free-fall launching...............................................199.30
Immersion suit....................................................199.30
Inflatable appliance..............................................199.30
Inflated appliance................................................199.30
International voyage..............................................199.30
Lakes, bays, and sounds...........................................199.30
Launching appliance or launching arrangement......................199.30
Length of vessel..................................................199.30
Lifejacket........................................................199.30
Major character...................................................199.30
Major conversion..................................................199.30
Marine evacuation system..........................................199.30
Mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU)..............................199.30
Muster station....................................................199.30
Nautical school vessel............................................199.30

[[Page 471]]

Novel lifesaving appliance or arrangement.........................199.30
Ocean.............................................................199.30
Oceanographic research vessel.....................................199.30
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI).......................199.30
Passenger.........................................................199.30
Passenger for hire................................................199.30
Passenger vessel..................................................199.30
Public nautical school............................................199.30
Public vessel.....................................................199.30
Rescue boat.......................................................199.30
Retrieval.........................................................199.30
Rivers............................................................199.30
Seagoing condition................................................199.30
Scientific personnel..............................................199.30
Similar stage of construction.....................................199.30
Short international voyage........................................199.30
Special personnel.................................................199.30
Special purpose vessel............................................199.30
Survival craft....................................................199.30
Tank vessel.......................................................199.30
Toxic vapor or gas................................................199.30
Vessel constructed................................................199.30
Warm water........................................................199.30
Dipper
                                                                  199.30
Drills:
                                                     199.180(c), 199.250
Abandon-ship..................................................199.180(d)
Fire..........................................................199.180(f)
General.......................................................199.180(c)
On use of line-throwing appliance.............................199.180(e)
Records.......................................................199.180(h)
Drinking cup
                                                           199.175(b)(8)

                                 E

Embarkation and launching arrangements: survival craft
                                                        199.245, 199.280
Embarkation ladder, definition
                                                                  199.30
Embarkation station, definition
                                                                  199.30
Emergency procedures
                                                              199.180(b)
EPIRB requirements
                                                                 199.510
Equivalents:
                                                                  199.09
For fitting.......................................................199.09
For lifesaving appliances or arrangement..........................199.09
For material......................................................199.09
Evaluation, testing and approval of lifesaving appliances and 
arrangements
                                                                  199.40
Exemptions:
                                                                  199.20
Exemption Certificates.........................................199.20(c)
Single voyage exemption from SOLAS requirements................199.20(b)
Vessels engaged on international voyages.......................199.20(a)
Vessels not engaged on international voyages...................199.20(d)
Exemptions and alternatives for vessels not subject to SOLAS
                                                     subpart F, part 199
Exemptions for all vessels in specified services, table
                                                              199.610(a)
Exemptions for cargo vessels in specified services, table
                                                              199.610(c)
Exemptions for passenger vessels in specified services, table 
                                                              199.610(b)
Exemptions for vessels in specified services:
                                                                 199.610
All vessels...................................................199.610(a)
Cargo vessels.................................................199.610(c)

[[Page 472]]

Non-self propelled vessels................................199.610(a)(1))
Passenger vessels.............................................199.610(b)
Vessels operating in fresh water...........................199.610(a)(4)
Vessels operating in shallow water.........................199.610(a)(3)
Vessels operating on short runs............................199.610(a)(2)
Extended-size lifejacket, definition
                                                                  199.30

                                 F

Ferry, definition
                                                                  199.30
Fire extinguisher
                                                           199.175(b)(9)
First aid kit
                                                          199.175(b)(10)
Flashlight
                                                          199.175(b)(12)
Float-free launching, definition
                                                                  199.30
Free-fall launching, definition
                                                                  199.30
Free fall lifeboat launching and recovery arrangements
                                                                 199.157

                                 H

Hatchet
                                                          199.175(b)(13)
Heaving line
                                                          199.175(b)(14)

                                 I

Immersion suit:
                                                                 199.273
Definition........................................................199.30
Immersion suits and thermal protective aids
                                                                 199.214
Incorporation by reference
                                                                  199.05
Inflatable appliance, definition
                                                                  199.30
Inflated appliance, definition
                                                                  199.30
Instruction card
                                                          199.175(b)(15)
International voyage, definition
                                                                  199.30

                                 J

Jackknife
                                                          199.175(b)(16)

                                 K

Knife
                                                          199.175(b)(17)

                                 L

Ladder
                                                          199.175(b)(18)
Lakes, bays, and sounds, definition
                                                                  199.30
Launching appliance, definition
                                                                  199.30
Launching arrangement, definition
                                                                  199.30
Launching stations
                                                                 199.120
Length of vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Lifeboat:
                                                                  199.30
Cargo Vessels............................................199.30, 199.260
Free-fall launching and recovery arrangements....................199.157
Passenger Vessels.................................................199.30
Requirements.....................................................199.520
Lifeboat launching and recovery arrangements
                                                                 199.155
Lifebuoys:
                                             199.70(a), 199.211, 199.271
Attachments and fittings....................................199.70(a)(3)
Markings....................................................199.70(a)(2)
Stowage.....................................................199.70(a)(1)
Lifejacket:
                                                      199.70(b), 199.212

[[Page 473]]

Attachments and fittings....................................199.70(b)(4)
Definition........................................................199.30
General.....................................................199.70(b)(1)
Markings....................................................199.70(b)(3)
Stowage.....................................................199.70(b)(2)
Lifejacket, immersion suit, and anti-exposure suite containers 
                                                               199.70(d)
Liferafts, cargo and passenger vessels
                                                                  199.30
Lifesaving systems for certain inspected vessels
                                                                part 199
General..............................................subpart A, part 199
Line-throwing appliance
                                                                 199.170
Additional equipment..........................................199.170(c)
General.......................................................199.170(a)
Stowage.......................................................199.170(b)

                                 M

Major character, definition
                                                                  199.30
Major conversion, definition
                                                                  199.30
Manning of survival craft and supervision
                                                                 199.100
Marine evacuation system, definition:
                                                                  199.30
Marking of stowage locations
                                                                 199.178
Marine evacuation system launching arrangements
                                                                 199.145
Arrangements..................................................199.145(a)
Stowage.......................................................199.145(b)
Stowage of associated liferafts...............................199.145(c)
Markings on lifesaving appliances
                                                                 199.176
Lifeboats and rescue boats....................................199.176(a)
Rigid liferafts...............................................199.176(b)
Marshalling of liferafts
                                                                 199.203
Mirror
                                                          199.175(b)(19)
Mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU), definition
                                                                  199.30
Muster list and emergency instructions
                                                         199.80, 199.217
Emergency instructions.........................................199.80(c)
General........................................................199.80(a)
Muster list....................................................199.80(b)
Muster station, definition
                                                                  199.30
Muster stations
                                                                 199.240

                                 N

Nautical school vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Novel lifesaving appliances or arrangements, definition
                                                                  199.30

                                 O

Oars and paddles
                                                          199.175(b)(20)
Ocean, definition
                                                                  199.30
Oceanographic research vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Operating instructions
                                                                  199.90
Operational readiness, maintenance and inspection of lifesaving 
equipment:
                                                                 199.190
Annual inspections............................................199.190(f)
Maintenance...................................................199.190(b)
Maintenance of falls..........................................199.190(j)
Monthly inspections...........................................199.190(e)
Operational readiness.........................................199.190(a)
Periodic servicing of hydrostatic release units...............199.190(h)
Periodic servicing of launching appliances and release gear...199.190(i)
Servicing of inflatable lifesaving appliances, inflated rescue 
boats and

[[Page 474]]

marine evacuation systems.....................................199.190(g)
Spare-parts and repair equipment..............................199.190(c)
Weekly inspections and tests..................................199.190(d)

                                 P

Painter
                                                          199.175(b)(21)
Passenger, definition
                                                                  199.30
Passenger vessels additional requirements
                                                               Subpart C
Passenger for hire, definition
                                                                  199.30
Passenger vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Personal lifesaving appliances
                                                                  199.70
Public nautical school, definition
                                                                  199.30
Public vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Purpose of part
                                                                  199.01

                                 R

Radar reflector
                                                          199.175(b)(24)
Rainwater collection device
                                                          199.175(b)(25)
Relationship to international standards
                                                                  199.03
Rescue boat:
                                                        199.202, 199.262
Embarkation, launching and recovery arrangements.................199.160
Rescue boat and marine evacuation system immersion suits or anti-
exposure suits
                                                               199.70(c)
Attachments and fittings....................................199.70(c)(4)
General....................................................199.70(c))(1)
Markings....................................................199.70(c)(3)
Stowage.....................................................199.70(c)(2)
Rescue boat embarkation, launching and recovery arrangements
                                                                 199.160
Requirements for all vessels
                                                     subpart B, part 199
Requirements for lifebuoys, table
                                                  199.630(k), 199.640(i)
Requirements for lifebuoys for passenger vessels, table
                                                                 199.211
Requirements for lifebuoys on cargo vessels, table
                                                                 199.271
Retrieval, definition
                                                                  199.30
Rivers, definition
                                                                  199.30

                                 S

Scientific personnel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Seagoing condition, definition
                                                                  199.30
Similar stage of construction, definition
                                                                  199.30
Short international voyage, definition
                                                                  199.30
Special personnel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Special purpose vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Stowage of survival crafts:
                                                                 199.130
Stowage of rescue boats:
                                                                 199.140
Inflated rescue boats.........................................199.140(c)
General.......................................................199.140(a)
Rescue........................................................199.140(b)
Stowage of survival craft:
                                               199.130, 199.230, 199.290
Additional lifeboat stowage requirements......................199.130(b)
Additional liferaft stowage requirements......................199.130(c)
General.......................................................199.130(a)
Survival craft:
                                                        199.201, 199.261
Definition........................................................199.30
Embarkation and launching arrangements...........................199.280
Launching and recovery arrangements, general.....................199.150
Launching and recovery arrangements, with falls and a winch......199.153

[[Page 475]]

Stowage.................................................199.130, 199.230
Survival craft and rescue boat equipment:
                                                                 199.175
Bailer.....................................................199.175(b)(1)
Bilge pump.................................................199.175(b)(2)
Boathook...................................................199.175(b)(3)
Bucket.....................................................199.175(b)(4)
Can opener.................................................199.175(b)(5)
Compass....................................................199.175(b)(6)
Dipper.....................................................199.175(b)(7)
Drinking cup...............................................199.175(b)(8)
Fire extinguisher..........................................199.175(b)(9)
First aid kit.............................................199.175(b)(10)
Fishing kit...............................................199.175(b)(11)
Flashlight................................................199.175(b)(12)
Hatchet...................................................199.175(b)(13)
Heaving line..............................................199.175(b)(14)
Instruction card..........................................199.175(b)(15)
Jackknife.................................................199.175(b)(16)
Knife.....................................................199.175(b)(17)
Ladder....................................................199.175(b)(18)
Mirror....................................................199.175(b)(19)
Oars and paddles..........................................199.175(b)(20)
Painter...................................................199.175(b)(21)
Provisions................................................199.175(b)(22)
Pump......................................................199.175(b)(23)
Radar reflector...........................................199.175(b)(24)
Rainwater collection device...............................199.175(b)(25)
Repair kit................................................199.175(b)(26)
Sea anchor................................................199.175(b)(27)
Searchlight...............................................199.175(b)(28)
Seasickness kit...........................................199.175(b)(29)
Signal, handflare.........................................199.175(b)(31)
Signal, rocket parachute flare............................199.175(b)(32)
Signal, smoke.............................................199.175(b)(30)
Skates and fenders........................................199.175(b)(33)
Sponge....................................................199.175(b)(34)
Survival instructions.....................................199.175(b)(35)
Table of lifesaving signals...............................199.175(b)(36)
Thermal protective aid....................................199.175(b)(37)
Tool kit..................................................199.175(b)(38)
Towline...................................................199.175(b)(39)
Water.....................................................199.175(b)(40)
Whistle...................................................199.175(b)(41)
Survival craft embarkation and launching arrangements
                                                                 199.245
Survival craft equipment, table
                                                     199.175, 199.620(j)
Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements, general
                                                                 199.150
Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements, using falls 
and a winch
                                                                 199.153
Survival craft muster and embarkation arrangements
                                                                 199.110
Survival craft and rescue boat embarkation arrangements
                                                                 199.220

                                 T

Tables:
                                                                part 199
Alternative requirements for all vessels in a specified service 
                                                              199.620(a)
Alternative requirements for cargo vessels in a specified service 
                                                              199.640(a)
Alternative requirements for passenger vessels in a specified 
service.......................................................199.630(a)

[[Page 476]]

Buoyant apparatus and lifefloat equipment.....................199.640(j)
Exemptions for all vessels in specified services..............199.610(a)
Exemptions for cargo vessels in specified services............199.610(c)
Exemptions for passenger vessels in specified services........199.610(b)
Requirements for lifebuoys........................199.630(k), 199.640(i)
Requirements for lifebuoys for passenger vessels.................199.211
Requirements for lifebuoys on cargo vessels......................199.271
Survival craft equipment.............................199.175, 199.620(j)
Tank vessel, definition
                                                                  199.30
Tests and inspections of lifesaving equipment and arrangements:
                                                                  199.45
Initial inspection.............................................199.45(a)
Other inspections..............................................199.45(c)
Reinspections..................................................199.45(b)
Toxic vapor or gas, definition
                                                                  199.30
Training and drills
                                                                 199.180
Abandon-ship drills...........................................199.180(d)
Drills, general...............................................199.180(c)
Familiarity with emergency procedures.........................199.180(b)
Fire drills...................................................199.180(f)
Line-throwing appliance.......................................199.180(e)
Onboard training and instruction..............................199.180(g)
Records.......................................................199.180(h)
Training materials............................................199.180(a)

                                 V

Vessel constructed, definition
                                                                  199.30
Vessels carrying buoyant apparatus, inflatable buoyant apparatus, 
or lifefloats:
                                                              199.640(j)
Equipment..................................................199.640(j)(4)
General....................................................199.640(j)(1)
Marking....................................................199.640(j)(3)
Stowage....................................................199.640(j)(2)

                                 W

Warm water, definition
                                                                  199.30

[[Page 477]]



                              FINDING AIDS




  --------------------------------------------------------------------

  A list of CFR titles, subtitles, chapters, subchapters and parts and 
an alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are included in 
the CFR Index and Finding Aids volume to the Code of Federal Regulations 
which is published separately and revised annually.

  Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference
  Table of CFR Titles and Chapters
  Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR
  List of CFR Sections Affected

[[Page 479]]

            Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference

                     (Revised as of October 1, 1996)

  The Director of the Federal Register has approved under 5 U.S.C. 
552(a) and 1 CFR Part 51 the incorporation by reference of the following 
publications. This list contains only those incorporations by reference 
effective as of the revision date of this volume. Incorporations by 
reference found within a regulation are effective upon the effective 
date of that regulation. For more information on incorporation by 
reference, see the preliminary pages of this volume.


46 CFR SUBCHAPTER R (PARTS 166-169)

COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION


American Boat and Yacht Council

  P.O. Box 747, 405 Headquarters Drive, Suite 3, Millersville, MD 21108-
  0747
P-1-73--Safe Installation of Exhaust Systems for 
  Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines, 1973..........    169.115; 169.609; 
                                                                 169.703
H-24.9 (g) and (h)--Fuel Strainers and Fuel 
  Filters, 1975...................................      169.115; 169.629
H-2.5--Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline--Design 
  and Construction, 1981..........................      169.115; 169.629
A-1-78--Marine LPG--Liquefied Petroleum Gas 
  Systems, 1978...................................      169.115; 169.703
A-3-70--Recommended Practices and Standards 
  Covering Galley Stoves, 1970....................      169.115; 169.703
A-22-78--Marine CHG--Compressed Natural Gas 
  Systems, 1978...................................      169.115; 169.703


American Bureau of Shipping

  45 Eisenhower Drive, Paramus, NJ 07652
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, 
  1981............................................   167.15-27; 167.20-1


American Society for Testing and Materials

  1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM F 1014-86 Standard Specification for 
  Flashlights on Vessels.......................... 192.20-15(j); 195.35-
                                                                 5(c)(2)
ASTM F 1546-94 Standard Specification for Fire 
  Hose Nozzles....................................             167.027-3


Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (formerly American 
Institute of Electrical Engineers)

  345 East 47th St., New York, NY 10017
45--Recommended Practice for Electrical 
  Installations on Shipboard, 1977................    167.25-1; 167.40-1


National Fire Protection Association

  Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269
70--National Electrical Code, 1980................      169.115; 169.672
302--Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft Chapter 
  6, 1980.........................................      169.115; 169.703
306--Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels, 1980......   167.30-1; 169.115; 
                                                                 169.236


National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly National Bureau 
of Standards)

  c/o Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, 
  Washington, DC 20402
Special Pub. 440 (SD Cat. No. C13, 10.490) Color: 
  Universal Language and Dictionary of Names, 1976               169.115

[[Page 480]]

Naval Publications and Forms Center

  Customer Service, Code 1052, 5801 Tabor Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19120

  Federal specification:
  ZZ-H-451 Hose, Fire, Woven-Jacketed Rubber or 
  Cambric-lined, with Couplings, F................   167.45-5; 169.115; 
                                                                 169.563


Underwriters Laboratories

  333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062
UL 19-78 Woven-jacketed Rubber Lined Fire Hose....   167.45-5; 169.115; 
                                                                 169.563


46 CFR SUBCHAPTER S (PARTS 170-174)

COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION


American Society for Testing and Materials

  1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM F 1196-89, Sliding Watertight Door Assemblies      170.270; 174.100
ASTM F 1197-89 Sliding Watertight Door Control 
  Systems.........................................      170.270; 174.100


Military Specifications

  Naval Publications and Forms Center, 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, 
  PA 19120
MIL-P-21929B; Plastic Material, Cellular 
  Polyurethane, Foam in Place, Rigid (1970).......               170.245


International Maritime Organization

  IMO Sales, New York Nautical Instrument and Service Corp., 140 W. 
  Broadway, New York, NY 10013
Resolution A.265 (VIII)...........................    170.135, 171.075, 
                                                                 171.082


46 CFR SUBCHAPTER T (PARTS 175-185)

COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION


American Boat and Yacht Council

  3069 Solomon's Island Rd., Edgewater, MD 21037
A-1-78 Marine LPG-Liquefied Petroleum Gas Systems, 
  December 15, 1978...............................              184.05-1
A-1-93--Marine Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 
  Systems.........................................               184.240
A-3-93--Galley Stoves.............................               184.200
A-7-70--Boat Heating Systems......................               184.200
A-16-89--Electric Navigation Lights...............               183.130
A-22-78 Marine CNG-Compressed Natural Gas Systems, 
  December 15, 1978...............................              184.05-1
A-22-93--Marine Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) 
  Systems.........................................               184.240
E-8-94--Alternating Current (AC) Electrical 
  Systems on Boats................................               183.130
E-9-90--Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on 
  Boats...........................................               183.130
H-2-89--Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline.......      182.130; 182.460
H-22-86--DC Electric Bilge Pumps Operating Under 
  50 Volts........................................      182.130; 182.500
H-24-93--Gasoline Fuel Systems....................    182.130; 182.440; 
                                                      182.445; 172.450; 
                                                                 182.455
H-25-94--Portable Gasoline Fuel Systems...........      182.130; 182.458
H-32-87--Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel...    182.130; 182.465; 
                                                                 182.470

[[Page 481]]

H-33-89--Diesel Fuel Sysems.......................    182.130; 182.440; 
                                                      182.445; 182.450; 
                                                                 182.455
P-1--Safe Installation of Exhaust Systems for 
  Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery, 1973........  182.15-15; 182.15-20
P-1-93--Installation of Exhaust Systems for 
  Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines................    177.405; 177.410; 
                                                      182.130; 182.425; 
                                                                 182.430
P-4-89--Marine Inboard Engines....................      182.130; 182.420


American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)

  ABS Plaza, 16855 Northchase Drive, Houston, TX 77060
Rules for Building and Classing Aluminum Vessels, 
  1975............................................               177.300
Rules for Building and Classing Reinforced Plastic 
  Vessels, 1978...................................               177.300
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, 
  1995............................................      182.410; 183.360
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels 
  Under 61 Meters (200 Feet) in Length, 1983......               177.300
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for 
  Service on Rivers and Intracoastal Waterways, 
  1995............................................               177.300


American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

  United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th St., New York, NY 10017
A 17.1-1984, including supplements A17.1a-1985 and 
  A17.1b-1985--Safety Code for Elevators and 
  Escalators......................................               183.540
B 31.1-1986--Code for Pressure Piping, Power 
  Piping..........................................               182.710
Z 26.1-1977, including 1980 supplement--Safety 
  Glazing Materials For Glazing Motor Vehicles 
  Operating on Land Highways......................              177.1030


American Society for Testing and Materials

  1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM B 97-77 Copper-Silicon Alloy Plate, Sheet, 
  Strip and Rolled Bar for General Purposes.......             182.15-25
ASTM B 117-73 (Reapproved 1979)--Method of Salt 
  Spray (Fog) Testing.............................               175.400
ASTM B 122-79 Copper-Nickel Zinc Alloy (Nickel 
  Silver) and Copper-Nickel Alloy Plate, Strip, 
  and Rolled Bar..................................             182.15-25
ASTM B 127-80a Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS NO4400) 
  Plate, Sheet and Strip..........................  182.15-25; 182.20-25
ASTM B 152-79 Copper, Sheet, Strip, Plate and 
  Rolled Bar......................................             182.15-25
ASTM B 209-81 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate......  182.15-25; 182.20-25
ASTM D 93-80 Test for Flash Point by Pennsky-
  Martens Closed Tester...........................    182.15-1; 182.20-1
ASTM D 93-94 Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed 
  Cup Tester......................................               175.400
ASTM D 323-79 Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum 
  Products (Reid Method)..........................             188.10-21
ASTM D 635-91 Rate of Burning and/or Extent and 
  Time of Burning of Self-Supporting Plastics in a 
  Horizontal Position.............................               182.440
ASTM D 2863-91 Measuring the Minimum Oxygen 
  Concentration to Support Candle-like Combustion 
  of Plastics (Oxygen Index)......................               182.440
ASTM E 84-94 Surface Burning Characteristics of 
  Building Materials..............................               177.410


Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

  IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854
45--Recommended Practice for Electrical 
  Installations on Shipboard, 1977................ 183.01-15; 183.05-45; 
                                                      183.10-10; 183.340

[[Page 482]]

International Maritime Organization (IMO)

  International Maritime Organization, 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 
  7SR, England
Resolution A.520(13), Code of Practice for the 
  Evaluation, Testing and Acceptance of Prototype 
  Novel Life-Saving Appliances and Arrangements, 
  dated November 17, 1983.........................               175.540
Resolution A.658(16), Use and Fitting of Retro-
  Reflective Materials on Life-Saving Appliances, 
  dated November 20, 1989.........................               185.604
Resolution A.688(17), Fire Test Procedures For 
  Ignitability of Bedding Components, dated 
  November 6, 1991................................               177.405
Resolution A.760(18), Symbols Related to Life-
  Saving Appliances and Arrangements, dated 
  November 17, 1993...............................            185.604(g)


Lloyd's Register of Shipping

  17 Battery Place, Suite 1013, New York, NY 10004
Rules and Regulations for the Classification of 
  Yachts and Small Craft, as amended through 1983.               177.300


National Fire Protection Association

  1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101
NFPA 10-1994--Portable Fire Extinguishers.........               176.810
NFPA 17-1994--Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems..               181.425
NFPA 17A-1994--Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems.               181.425
NFPA 70--National Electrical Code, 1980........... 183.01-10; 183.05-45; 
                                                    183.05-50; 183.10-20
NFPA 70-1993--National Electrical Code (NEC)......
Section 250-95....................................               183.370
Section 310-13....................................               183.340
Section Section 310-15............................               183.340
Article 430.......................................               183.320
Article 445.......................................               183.320
NFPA 302--Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft, 
  1989............................................              184.05-1
NFPA 302-1994--Pleasure and Commercial Motor 
  Craft, Chapter 6................................      184.200; 184.200
NFPA 306-1993--Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels..               176.710
NFPA 1963-1989--Fire Hose Connections.............               181.320


Naval Publications and Forms Center

  Customer Service, Code 1052, 5801 Tabor Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19120

  Federal Specification:
  ZZ-H-451 Hose, Fire, Woven-jacketed Rubber or 
  Cambric-lined, with Couplings, F................             181.15-10
  NAVSEA Cable Comparison Guide, 1975.............             183.10-20
Military Specification MIL-P-21929B (1970)--
  Plastic Material, Cellular Polyurethane, Foam-
  in-Place, Rigid (2 and 4 pounds per cubic foot).               179.240


Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

  485 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10017
SAE J-1475--Hydraulic Hose Fittings For Marine 
  Applications, 1984..............................               182.720
SAE J-1928--Devices Providing Backfire Flame 
  Control for Gasoline Engines in Marine 
  Applications, August 1989.......................               182.415
SAE J-1942--Hose and Hose Assemblies for Marine 
  Applications, 1992..............................               182.720

[[Page 483]]

Underwriters Laboratories

  12 Laboratory Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
UL 19-78 Woven-Jacketed, Rubber Lined Fire Hose...             181.15-10
UL 19-1992--Lined Fire Hose and Hose Assemblies...               181.320
UL 174-1989, as amended through June 23, 1994--
  Household Electric Storage Tank Water Heaters...               182.320
UL 197-78 (Revisions through 1979) Commercial 
  Electric Cooking Appliances.....................  183.01-15; 183.10-45
UL 217-1993--Single and Multiple Station Smoke 
  Detectors.......................................               181.450
UL 486A-1992--Wire Connectors and Soldering Lugs 
  For Use With Copper Conductors..................               183.340
UL 489-1995--Molded--Case Circuit Breakers and 
  Circuit Breaker Enclosures......................               183.380
UL 595-74 (Revisions through 1980) Marine Type 
  Electric Lighting Fixtures......................             183.01-15
UL 595-1991--Marine Type Electric Lighting 
  Fixtures........................................               183.410
UL 710-1990, as amended through Sept. 16, 1993--
  Exhaust Hoods for Commercial Cooking Equipment..               181.425
UL 1058-1989, as amended through April 19, 1994--
  Halogenated Agent Extinguishing System Units....               181.410
UL 1102-80 Non Integral Marine Fuel Tanks.........             182.15-25
UL 1102-1992--Non integral Marine Fuel Tanks......               182.440
UL 1110-1988, as amended through May 16, 1994--
  Marine Combustible Gas Indicators...............               182.480
UL 1111-1988--Marine Carburetor Flame Arresters...               182.415
UL 1453-1988, as amended through June 7, 1994--
  Electric Booster and Commercial Storage Tank 
  Water Heaters...................................               182.320
UL 1570-1995--Fluorescent Lighting Fixtures.......               183.410
UL 1571-1995--Incandescent Lighting Fixtures......               183.410
UL 1572-1995--High Intensity Discharge Lighting 
  Fixtures........................................               183.410
UL 1573-1995--Stage and Studio Discharge Lighting 
  Units...........................................               183.410
UL 1574-1995--Track Lighting Systems..............            183.410(c)


46 CFR SUBCHAPTER U (PARTS 188-196)

COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION


American Bureau of Shipping

  45 Eisenhower Drive, Paramus, NJ 07652
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, 
  1981............................................  188.35-1; 189.15-1; 
                                                   190.01-10; 190.01-15; 
                                                                195.01-5


American Society for Testing and Materials

  1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM F 1121-87 International Shore Connections for 
  Marine Fire Applications........................                193.10
ASTM F 1196-89 Sliding Watertight Door Assemblies.                190.01
ASTM F 1197-89 Sliding Watertight Door Control 
  Systems.........................................                190.01


Coast Guard

  Commandant [G-MVI], 2100 2nd St., SW, Washington, DC 20593
160.014--``Compass and Mounting dated Dec. 14, 
  1944'' (Specification for Compasses: Magnetic, 
  Liquid-filled, Mariners, Compensating, for 
  Lifeboats (with mounting) for Merchant 
  Vessels),1944...................................             192.20-15

[[Page 484]]

Naval Publications and Forms Center

  Customer Service, Code 1052, 5801 Tabor Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19120

Federal Specification:............................
  ZZ-H-451 Hose, Fire, Woven-jacketed, Rubber or 
  Cambric Lined, with Couplings, F................             193.10-10


National Fire Protection Association

  Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269
306--Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels (Formerly 
  ``Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels to be 
  Repaired''), 1975...............................              189.50-1


Underwriters Laboratories

  333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60002
UL 19-71 Woven Jacketed, Rubber Lined Fire Hose...             193.10-10


46 CFR SUBCHAPTER V (PARTS 197-198)

COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION


American National Standards Institute

  1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018
ANSI B31.1-80 Power Piping........................    197.204; 197.205; 
                                                                 197.336
ANSI/ASME PVHO 1 Safety Standard for Pressure 
  Vessels for Human Occupancy, 1981...............    197.204; 197.205; 
                                                        197.300; 197.328
ANSI Z 88.2-80 Practices for Respiratory 
  Protection......................................               197.550


American Society of Mechanical Engineers

  United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th St., New York, NY 10017
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, 
  1980............................................    197.204; 197.205; 
                                                      197.300; 197.310; 
                                                                 197.328


Naval Publications and Forms Center

  Customer Service, Code 1052, 5801 Tabor Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19120

  Federal Specifications:
  BB-N-411 Nitrogen, Technical, C.................               197.340
  BB-O-925 Oxygen, Technical, Gas and Liquid, A...               197.340


46 CFR SUBCHAPTER W (PART 199)

COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION


American Society for Testing and Materials

  1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
ASTM D 93-94, Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed 
  Cup Tester......................................     199.05; 199.261; 
                                                                 199.290
ASTM F1003, Standard Specification for 
  Searchlights on Motor Lifeboats, 1986 
  (Reapproved 1992)...............................       199.05; 199.175
ASTM F1014, Standard Specification for Flashlights 
  on Vessels, 1986................................       199.05; 199.175


International Maritime Organization

  Publications Section, 4 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7SR, England
MSC Circular 699, Revised Guidelines for Passenger 
  Safety Instructions, 17 July, 1995..............       199.05; 199.217

[[Page 485]]

Resolution A.520(13), Code of Practice for the 
  Evaluation, Testing, and Acceptance of Prototype 
  Novel Life-Saving Appliances and Arrangements, 
  19 November, 1983...............................        199.05; 199.40
Resolution A.657(16), Instructions for Action in 
  Survival Craft, 19 October, 1989................       199.05; 199.175
Resolution A.658(16), Use and Fitting of Retro-
  reflective Materials on Life-Saving Appliances, 
  20 November, 1989...............................      199.05; 199.70; 
                                                                 199.176
Resolution A.760(18), Symbols Related to Life-
  Saving Appliances and Arrangements, 17 November, 
  1993............................................      199.05; 199.70; 
                                                                  199.90
Resolution MSC.4(48), International Code for the 
  Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying 
  Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code), 1994....      199.05; 199.30; 
                                                                 199.280
Resolution MSC.5(48), International Code for the 
  Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying 
  Liquified Gases in Bulk (ICG Code), 1993........      199.05; 199.30; 
                                                                 199.280


                                                                    Chap.

[[Page 487]]



                    Table of CFR Titles and Chapters



                   (Revised as of September 30, 1996)

                      Title 1--General Provisions

         I  Administrative Committee of the Federal Register 
                (Parts 1--49)
        II  Office of the Federal Register (Parts 50--299)
        IV  Miscellaneous Agencies (Parts 400--500)

                          Title 2--[Reserved]

                        Title 3--The President

         I  Executive Office of the President (Parts 100--199)

                           Title 4--Accounts

         I  General Accounting Office (Parts 1--99)
        II  Federal Claims Collection Standards (General 
                Accounting Office--Department of Justice) (Parts 
                100--299)

                   Title 5--Administrative Personnel

         I  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1--1199)
        II  Merit Systems Protection Board (Parts 1200--1299)
       III  Office of Management and Budget (Parts 1300--1399)
        IV  Advisory Committee on Federal Pay (Parts 1400--1499)
         V  The International Organizations Employees Loyalty 
                Board (Parts 1500--1599)
        VI  Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Parts 
                1600--1699)
       VII  Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations 
                (Parts 1700--1799)
      VIII  Office of Special Counsel (Parts 1800--1899)
        IX  Appalachian Regional Commission (Parts 1900--1999)
        XI  Armed Forces Retirement Home (Part 2100)
       XIV  Federal Labor Relations Authority, General Counsel of 
                the Federal Labor Relations Authority and Federal 
                Service Impasses Panel (Parts 2400--2499)
        XV  Office of Administration, Executive Office of the 
                President (Parts 2500--2599)
       XVI  Office of Government Ethics (Parts 2600--2699)
       XXI  Department of the Treasury (Parts 3100--3199)
      XXII  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Part 3202)
     XXIII  Department of Energy (Part 3301)

[[Page 488]]

      XXIV  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Part 3401)
      XXVI  Department of Defense (Part 3601)
       XXX  Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 4000--
                4099)
      XXXI  Farm Credit Administration (Parts 4100--4199)
    XXXIII  Overseas Private Investment Corporation (Part 4301)
        XL  Interstate Commerce Commission (Part 5001)
       XLI  Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Part 5101)
       XLV  Department of Health and Human Services (Part 5501)
      XLVI  Postal Rate Commission (Part 5601)
     XLVII  Federal Trade Commission (Part 5701)
    XLVIII  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Part 5801)
         L  Department of Transportation (Part 6001)
       LII  Export-Import Bank of the United States (Part 6201)
      LIII  Department of Education (Parts 6300--6399)
       LIV  Environmental Protection Agency (Part 6401)
       LIX  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Part 
                6901)
        LX  United States Postal Service (Part 7001)
      LXII  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Part 7201)
     LXIII  Inter-American Foundation (Part 7301)
       LXV  Department of Housing and Urban Development (Part 
                7501)
      LXVI  National Archives and Records Administration (Part 
                7601)
      LXIX  Tennessee Valley Authority (Part 7901)
     LXXIV  Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (Part 
                8401)
     LXXVI  Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Part 8601)
    LXXVII  Office of Management and Budget (Part 8701)

                          Title 6--[Reserved]

                         Title 7--Agriculture

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Agriculture 
                (Parts 0--26)
            Subtitle B--Regulations of the Department of 
                Agriculture
         I  Agricultural Marketing Service (Standards, 
                Inspections, Marketing Practices), Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 27--209)
        II  Food and Consumer Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 210--299)
       III  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 400--499)
         V  Agricultural Research Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Natural Resources Conservation Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Farm Service Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                700--799)

[[Page 489]]

      VIII  Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards 
                Administration (Federal Grain Inspection Service), 
                Department of Agriculture (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 900--999)
         X  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Milk), Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 1000--1199)
        XI  Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements 
                and Orders; Miscellaneous Commodities), Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 1200--1299)
       XIV  Commodity Credit Corporation, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 1400--1499)
        XV  Foreign Agricultural Service, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 1500--1599)
       XVI  Rural Telephone Bank, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                1600--1699)
      XVII  Rural Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 1700--1799)
     XVIII  Rural Housing Service, Rural Business-Cooperative 
                Service, Rural Utilities Service, and Farm Service 
                Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1800--
                2099)
      XXVI  Office of Inspector General, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 2600--2699)
     XXVII  Office of Information Resources Management, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 2700--2799)
    XXVIII  Office of Operations, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                2800--2899)
      XXIX  Office of Energy, Department of Agriculture (Parts 
                2900--2999)
       XXX  Office of Finance and Management, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3000--3099)
      XXXI  Office of Environmental Quality, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3100--3199)
     XXXII  [Reserved]
    XXXIII  Office of Transportation, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3300--3399)
     XXXIV  Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension 
                Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3400--
                3499)
     XXXVI  National Agricultural Statistics Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 3600--3699)
    XXXVII  Economic Research Service, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3700--3799)
   XXXVIII  World Agricultural Outlook Board, Department of 
                Agriculture (Parts 3800--3899)
     XXXIX  Economic Analysis Staff, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 3900--3999)
        XL  Economics Management Staff, Department of Agriculture 
                (Parts 4000--4099)
       XLI  [Reserved]
      XLII  Rural Business-Cooperative Service and Rural Utilities 
                Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 4200--
                4299)

[[Page 490]]

                    Title 8--Aliens and Nationality

         I  Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of 
                Justice (Parts 1--499)

                 Title 9--Animals and Animal Products

         I  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department 
                of Agriculture (Parts 1--199)
        II  Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards 
                Administration (Packers and Stockyards Programs), 
                Department of Agriculture (Parts 200--299)
       III  Food Safety and Inspection Service, Meat and Poultry 
                Inspection, Department of Agriculture (Parts 300--
                399)

                           Title 10--Energy

         I  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 0--199)
        II  Department of Energy (Parts 200--699)
       III  Department of Energy (Parts 700--999)
         X  Department of Energy (General Provisions) (Parts 
                1000--1099)
        XI  United States Enrichment Corporation (Parts 1100--
                1199)
        XV  Office of the Federal Inspector for the Alaska Natural 
                Gas Transportation System (Parts 1500--1599)
      XVII  Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (Parts 1700--
                1799)

                      Title 11--Federal Elections

         I  Federal Election Commission (Parts 1--9099)

                      Title 12--Banks and Banking

         I  Comptroller of the Currency, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 1--199)
        II  Federal Reserve System (Parts 200--299)
       III  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 400--
                499)
         V  Office of Thrift Supervision, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Farm Credit Administration (Parts 600--699)
       VII  National Credit Union Administration (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Federal Financing Bank (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Federal Housing Finance Board (Parts 900--999)
        XI  Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
       XIV  Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 1400--
                1499)
        XV  Thrift Depositor Protection Oversight Board (Parts 
                1500--1599)
      XVII  Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                1700-1799)
     XVIII  Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, 
                Department of the Treasury (Parts 1800--1899)

[[Page 491]]

               Title 13--Business Credit and Assistance

         I  Small Business Administration (Parts 1--199)
       III  Economic Development Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)

                    Title 14--Aeronautics and Space

         I  Federal Aviation Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1--199)
        II  Office of the Secretary, Department of Transportation 
                (Aviation Proceedings) (Parts 200--399)
       III  Commercial Space Transportation, Federal Aviation 
                Administration, Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 400--499)
         V  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                1200--1299)

                 Title 15--Commerce and Foreign Trade

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Commerce (Parts 
                0--29)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Commerce and 
                Foreign Trade
         I  Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                30--199)
        II  National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 200--299)
       III  International Trade Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Foreign-Trade Zones Board, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 400--499)
       VII  Bureau of Export Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 800--899)
        IX  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
                Department of Commerce (Parts 900--999)
        XI  Technology Administration, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
      XIII  East-West Foreign Trade Board (Parts 1300--1399)
       XIV  Minority Business Development Agency (Parts 1400--
                1499)
            Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade 
                Agreements
        XX  Office of the United States Trade Representative 
                (Parts 2000--2099)
            Subtitle D--Regulations Relating to Telecommunications 
                and Information
     XXIII  National Telecommunications and Information 
                Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                2300--2399)

                    Title 16--Commercial Practices

         I  Federal Trade Commission (Parts 0--999)
        II  Consumer Product Safety Commission (Parts 1000--1799)

[[Page 492]]

             Title 17--Commodity and Securities Exchanges

         I  Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Parts 1--199)
        II  Securities and Exchange Commission (Parts 200--399)
        IV  Department of the Treasury (Parts 400--499)

          Title 18--Conservation of Power and Water Resources

         I  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Department of 
                Energy (Parts 1--399)
       III  Delaware River Basin Commission (Parts 400--499)
        VI  Water Resources Council (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Susquehanna River Basin Commission (Parts 800--899)
      XIII  Tennessee Valley Authority (Parts 1300--1399)

                       Title 19--Customs Duties

         I  United States Customs Service, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 1--199)
        II  United States International Trade Commission (Parts 
                200--299)
       III  International Trade Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 300--399)

                     Title 20--Employees' Benefits

         I  Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Department 
                of Labor (Parts 1--199)
        II  Railroad Retirement Board (Parts 200--399)
       III  Social Security Administration (Parts 400--499)
        IV  Employees' Compensation Appeals Board, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 500--599)
         V  Employment and Training Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 600--699)
        VI  Employment Standards Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 700--799)
       VII  Benefits Review Board, Department of Labor (Parts 
                800--899)
      VIII  Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries (Parts 
                900--999)
        IX  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans' 
                Employment and Training, Department of Labor 
                (Parts 1000--1099)

                       Title 21--Food and Drugs

         I  Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 1--1299)
        II  Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice 
                (Parts 1300--1399)
       III  Office of National Drug Control Policy (Parts 1400--
                1499)

                      Title 22--Foreign Relations

         I  Department of State (Parts 1--199)

[[Page 493]]

        II  Agency for International Development, International 
                Development Cooperation Agency (Parts 200--299)
       III  Peace Corps (Parts 300--399)
        IV  International Joint Commission, United States and 
                Canada (Parts 400--499)
         V  United States Information Agency (Parts 500--599)
        VI  United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 
                (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Overseas Private Investment Corporation, International 
                Development Cooperation Agency (Parts 700--799)
        IX  Foreign Service Grievance Board Regulations (Parts 
                900--999)
         X  Inter-American Foundation (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  International Boundary and Water Commission, United 
                States and Mexico, United States Section (Parts 
                1100--1199)
       XII  United States International Development Cooperation 
                Agency (Parts 1200--1299)
      XIII  Board for International Broadcasting (Parts 1300--
                1399)
       XIV  Foreign Service Labor Relations Board; Federal Labor 
                Relations Authority; General Counsel of the 
                Federal Labor Relations Authority; and the Foreign 
                Service Impasse Disputes Panel (Parts 1400--1499)
        XV  African Development Foundation (Parts 1500--1599)
       XVI  Japan-United States Friendship Commission (Parts 
                1600--1699)
      XVII  United States Institute of Peace (Parts 1700--1799)

                          Title 23--Highways

         I  Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1--999)
        II  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and 
                Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1200--1299)
       III  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 1300--1399)

                Title 24--Housing and Urban Development

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of 
                Housing and Urban Development (Parts 0--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban 
                Development
         I  Office of Assistant Secretary for Equal Opportunity, 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                100--199)
        II  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing-Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 200--299)
       III  Government National Mortgage Association, Department 
                of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 300--399)
         V  Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning 
                and Development, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 500--599)

[[Page 494]]

        VI  Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning 
                and Development, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 600--699) [Reserved]
       VII  Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Housing Assistance Programs and 
                Public and Indian Housing Programs) (Parts 700--
                799)
      VIII  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Section 8 Housing Assistance 
                Programs and Section 202 Direct Loan Program) 
                (Parts 800--899)
        IX  Office of Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian 
                Housing, Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development (Parts 900--999)
         X  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Interstate Land Sales 
                Registration Program) (Parts 1700--1799)
       XII  Office of Inspector General, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 2000--2099)
        XX  Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal 
                Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and 
                Urban Development (Parts 3200--3699)
       XXV  Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (Parts 4100--
                4199)

                           Title 25--Indians

         I  Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--299)
        II  Indian Arts and Crafts Board, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 300--399)
       III  National Indian Gaming Commission, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 500--599)
        IV  Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation (Parts 
                700--799)
         V  Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, 
                and Indian Health Service, Department of Health 
                and Human Services (Part 900)
        VI  Office of the Assistant Secretary-Indian Affairs, 
                Department of the Interior (Part 1001)

                      Title 26--Internal Revenue

         I  Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury 
                (Parts 1--799)

           Title 27--Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms

         I  Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Department of 
                the Treasury (Parts 1--299)

                   Title 28--Judicial Administration

         I  Department of Justice (Parts 0--199)
       III  Federal Prison Industries, Inc., Department of Justice 
                (Parts 300--399)

[[Page 495]]

         V  Bureau of Prisons, Department of Justice (Parts 500--
                599)
        VI  Offices of Independent Counsel, Department of Justice 
                (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Office of Independent Counsel (Parts 700--799)

                            Title 29--Labor

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Labor (Parts 
                0--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Labor
         I  National Labor Relations Board (Parts 100--199)
        II  Office of Labor-Management Programs, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 200--299)
       III  National Railroad Adjustment Board (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Labor-Management Standards, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 400--499)
         V  Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor (Parts 
                500--899)
        IX  Construction Industry Collective Bargaining Commission 
                (Parts 900--999)
         X  National Mediation Board (Parts 1200--1299)
       XII  Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (Parts 
                1400--1499)
       XIV  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Parts 1600--
                1699)
      XVII  Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 
                Department of Labor (Parts 1900--1999)
        XX  Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission 
                (Parts 2200--2499)
       XXV  Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration, 
                Department of Labor (Parts 2500--2599)
     XXVII  Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission 
                (Parts 2700--2799)
        XL  Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (Parts 4000--
                4999)

                      Title 30--Mineral Resources

         I  Mine Safety and Health Administration, Department of 
                Labor (Parts 1--199)
        II  Minerals Management Service, Department of the 
                Interior (Parts 200--299)
       III  Board of Surface Mining and Reclamation Appeals, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Geological Survey, Department of the Interior (Parts 
                400--499)
        VI  Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior (Parts 
                600--699)
       VII  Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, 
                Department of the Interior (Parts 700--999)

                 Title 31--Money and Finance: Treasury

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Treasury 
                (Parts 0--50)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Money and Finance
         I  Monetary Offices, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                51--199)

[[Page 496]]

        II  Fiscal Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                200--399)
        IV  Secret Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 
                400--499)
         V  Office of Foreign Assets Control, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Department of 
                the Treasury (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Office of International Investment, Department of the 
                Treasury (Parts 800--899)

                      Title 32--National Defense

            Subtitle A--Department of Defense
         I  Office of the Secretary of Defense (Parts 1--399)
         V  Department of the Army (Parts 400--699)
        VI  Department of the Navy (Parts 700--799)
       VII  Department of the Air Force (Parts 800--1099)
            Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to National 
                Defense
       XII  Defense Logistics Agency (Parts 1200--1299)
       XVI  Selective Service System (Parts 1600--1699)
       XIX  Central Intelligence Agency (Parts 1900--1999)
        XX  Information Security Oversight Office, National 
                Archives and Records Administration (Parts 2000--
                2099)
       XXI  National Security Council (Parts 2100--2199)
      XXIV  Office of Science and Technology Policy (Parts 2400--
                2499)
     XXVII  Office for Micronesian Status Negotiations (Parts 
                2700--2799)
    XXVIII  Office of the Vice President of the United States 
                (Parts 2800--2899)
      XXIX  Presidential Commission on the Assignment of Women in 
                the Armed Forces (Part 2900)

               Title 33--Navigation and Navigable Waters

         I  Coast Guard, Department of Transportation (Parts 1--
                199)
        II  Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army (Parts 
                200--399)
        IV  Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 400--499)

                          Title 34--Education

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of 
                Education (Parts 1--99)
            Subtitle B--Regulations of the Offices of the 
                Department of Education
         I  Office for Civil Rights, Department of Education 
                (Parts 100--199)
        II  Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, 
                Department of Education (Parts 200--299)

[[Page 497]]

       III  Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative 
                Services, Department of Education (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Vocational and Adult Education, Department 
                of Education (Parts 400--499)
         V  Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Languages 
                Affairs, Department of Education (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Office of Postsecondary Education, Department of 
                Education (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 
                Department of Education (Parts 700--799)
        XI  National Institute for Literacy (Parts 1100-1199)
            Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Education
       XII  National Council on Disability (Parts 1200--1299)

                        Title 35--Panama Canal

         I  Panama Canal Regulations (Parts 1--299)

             Title 36--Parks, Forests, and Public Property

         I  National Park Service, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--199)
        II  Forest Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 200--
                299)
       III  Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army (Parts 
                300--399)
        IV  American Battle Monuments Commission (Parts 400--499)
         V  Smithsonian Institution (Parts 500--599)
       VII  Library of Congress (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (Parts 800--
                899)
        IX  Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation (Parts 
                900--999)
        XI  Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance 
                Board (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 
                1200--1299)
       XIV  Assassination Records Review Board (Parts 1400-1499)

             Title 37--Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights

         I  Patent and Trademark Office, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 1--199)
        II  Copyright Office, Library of Congress (Parts 200--299)
        IV  Assistant Secretary for Technology Policy, Department 
                of Commerce (Parts 400--499)
         V  Under Secretary for Technology, Department of Commerce 
                (Parts 500--599)

           Title 38--Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief

         I  Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 0--99)

[[Page 498]]

                       Title 39--Postal Service

         I  United States Postal Service (Parts 1--999)
       III  Postal Rate Commission (Parts 3000--3099)

                  Title 40--Protection of Environment

         I  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1--799)
         V  Council on Environmental Quality (Parts 1500--1599)

          Title 41--Public Contracts and Property Management

            Subtitle B--Other Provisions Relating to Public 
                Contracts
        50  Public Contracts, Department of Labor (Parts 50-1--50-
                999)
        51  Committee for Purchase From People Who Are Blind or 
                Severely Disabled (Parts 51-1--51-99)
        60  Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Equal 
                Employment Opportunity, Department of Labor (Parts 
                60-1--60-999)
        61  Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans 
                Employment and Training, Department of Labor 
                (Parts 61-1--61-999)
            Subtitle C--Federal Property Management Regulations 
                System
       101  Federal Property Management Regulations (Parts 101-1--
                101-99)
       105  General Services Administration (Parts 105-1--105-999)
       109  Department of Energy Property Management Regulations 
                (Parts 109-1--109-99)
       114  Department of the Interior (Parts 114-1--114-99)
       115  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 115-1--115-99)
       128  Department of Justice (Parts 128-1--128-99)
            Subtitle D--Other Provisions Relating to Property 
                Management [Reserved]
            Subtitle E--Federal Information Resources Management 
                Regulations System
       201  Federal Information Resources Management Regulation 
                (Parts 201-1--201-99) [Reserved]
            Subtitle F--Federal Travel Regulation System
       301  Travel Allowances (Parts 301-1--301-99)
       302  Relocation Allowances (Parts 302-1--302-99)
       303  Payment of Expenses Connected with the Death of 
                Certain Employees (Parts 303-1--303-2)
       304  Payment from a Non-Federal Source for Travel Expenses 
                (Parts 304-1--304-99)

                        Title 42--Public Health

         I  Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human 
                Services (Parts 1--199)
        IV  Health Care Financing Administration, Department of 
                Health and Human Services (Parts 400--499)
         V  Office of Inspector General-Health Care, Department of 
                Health and Human Services (Parts 1000--1999)

[[Page 499]]

                   Title 43--Public Lands: Interior

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Interior 
                (Parts 1--199)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Lands
         I  Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 200--499)
        II  Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior 
                (Parts 1000--9999)
       III  Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation 
                Commission (Parts 10000--10005)

             Title 44--Emergency Management and Assistance

         I  Federal Emergency Management Agency (Parts 0--399)
        IV  Department of Commerce and Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 400--499)

                       Title 45--Public Welfare

            Subtitle A--Department of Health and Human Services, 
                General Administration (Parts 1--199)
            Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Welfare
        II  Office of Family Assistance (Assistance Programs), 
                Administration for Children and Families, 
                Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 
                200--299)
       III  Office of Child Support Enforcement (Child Support 
                Enforcement Program), Administration for Children 
                and Families, Department of Health and Human 
                Services (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Office of Refugee Resettlement, Administration for 
                Children and Families Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 400--499)
         V  Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United 
                States, Department of Justice (Parts 500--599)
        VI  National Science Foundation (Parts 600--699)
       VII  Commission on Civil Rights (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 800--899)
         X  Office of Community Services, Administration for 
                Children and Families, Department of Health and 
                Human Services (Parts 1000--1099)
        XI  National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities 
                (Parts 1100--1199)
       XII  ACTION (Parts 1200--1299)
      XIII  Office of Human Development Services, Department of 
                Health and Human Services (Parts 1300--1399)
       XVI  Legal Services Corporation (Parts 1600--1699)
      XVII  National Commission on Libraries and Information 
                Science (Parts 1700--1799)
     XVIII  Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation (Parts 1800--
                1899)
       XXI  Commission on Fine Arts (Parts 2100--2199)
      XXII  Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Jubilee Commission 
                (Parts 2200--2299)
     XXIII  Arctic Research Commission (Part 2301)

[[Page 500]]

      XXIV  James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (Parts 
                2400--2499)
       XXV  Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 
                2500--2599)

                          Title 46--Shipping

         I  Coast Guard, Department of Transportation (Parts 1--
                199)
        II  Maritime Administration, Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 200--399)
       III  Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (Great 
                Lakes Pilotage), Department of Transportation 
                (Parts 400--499)
        IV  Federal Maritime Commission (Parts 500--599)

                      Title 47--Telecommunication

         I  Federal Communications Commission (Parts 0--199)
        II  Office of Science and Technology Policy and National 
                Security Council (Parts 200--299)
       III  National Telecommunications and Information 
                Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 
                300--399)

           Title 48--Federal Acquisition Regulations System

         1  Federal Acquisition Regulation (Parts 1--99)
         2  Department of Defense (Parts 200--299)
         3  Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 300--
                399)
         4  Department of Agriculture (Parts 400--499)
         5  General Services Administration (Parts 500--599)
         6  Department of State (Parts 600--699)
         7  Agency for International Development (Parts 700--799)
         8  Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 800--899)
         9  Department of Energy (Parts 900--999)
        10  Department of the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099)
        12  Department of Transportation (Parts 1200--1299)
        13  Department of Commerce (Parts 1300--1399)
        14  Department of the Interior (Parts 1400--1499)
        15  Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1500--1599)
        16  Office of Personnel Management Federal Employees 
                Health Benefits Acquisition Regulation (Parts 
                1600--1699)
        17  Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1700--1799)
        18  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 
                1800--1899)
        19  United States Information Agency (Parts 1900--1999)
        20  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 2000--2099)
        21  Office of Personnel Management, Federal Employees 
                Group Life Insurance Federal Acquisition 
                Regulation (Parts 2100--2199)
        23  Social Security Administration (Parts 2300--2399)

[[Page 501]]

        24  Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 
                2400--2499)
        25  National Science Foundation (Parts 2500--2599)
        28  Department of Justice (Parts 2800--2899)
        29  Department of Labor (Parts 2900--2999)
        34  Department of Education Acquisition Regulation (Parts 
                3400--3499)
        35  Panama Canal Commission (Parts 3500--3599)
        44  Federal Emergency Management Agency (Parts 4400--4499)
        51  Department of the Army Acquisition Regulations (Parts 
                5100--5199)
        52  Department of the Navy Acquisition Regulations (Parts 
                5200--5299)
        53  Department of the Air Force Federal Acquisition 
                Regulation Supplement (Parts 5300--5399)
        54  Defense Logistics Agency, Department of Defense (Part 
                5452)
        57  African Development Foundation (Parts 5700--5799)
        61  General Services Administration Board of Contract 
                Appeals (Parts 6100--6199)
        63  Department of Transportation Board of Contract Appeals 
                (Parts 6300--6399)
        99  Cost Accounting Standards Board, Office of Federal 
                Procurement Policy, Office of Management and 
                Budget (Parts 9900--9999)

                       Title 49--Transportation

            Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Transportation 
                (Parts 1--99)
            Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to 
                Transportation
         I  Research and Special Programs Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 100--199)
        II  Federal Railroad Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 200--299)
       III  Federal Highway Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Coast Guard, Department of Transportation (Parts 400--
                499)
         V  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 
                Department of Transportation (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Federal Transit Administration, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 600--699)
       VII  National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK) 
                (Parts 700--799)
      VIII  National Transportation Safety Board (Parts 800--999)
         X  Surface Transportation Board, Department of 
                Transportation (Parts 1000--1399)

[[Page 502]]

                   Title 50--Wildlife and Fisheries

         I  United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of 
                the Interior (Parts 1--199)
        II  National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 200--299)
       III  International Regulatory Agencies (Fishing and 
                Whaling) (Parts 300--399)
        IV  Joint Regulations (United States Fish and Wildlife 
                Service, Department of the Interior and National 
                Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and 
                Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce); Endangered Species Committee 
                Regulations (Parts 400--499)
         V  Marine Mammal Commission (Parts 500--599)
        VI  Fishery Conservation and Management, National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration, Department of 
                Commerce (Parts 600--699)

                      CFR Index and Finding Aids

            Subject/Agency Index
            List of Agency Prepared Indexes
            Parallel Tables of Statutory Authorities and Rules
            Acts Requiring Publication in the Federal Register
            List of CFR Titles, Chapters, Subchapters, and Parts
            Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR



[[Page 503]]





           Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR



                   (Revised as of September 30, 1996)

                                                  CFR Title, Subtitle or
                     Agency                               Chapter

ACTION                                            45, XII
Administrative Committee of the Federal Register  1, I
Advanced Research Projects Agency                 32, I
Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental          5, VII
     Relations
Advisory Committee on Federal Pay                 5, IV
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation         36, VIII
African Development Foundation                    22, XV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 57
Agency for International Development              22, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 7
Agricultural Marketing Service                    7, I, IX, X, XI
Agricultural Research Service                     7, V
Agriculture Department
  Agricultural Marketing Service                  7, I, IX, X, XI
  Agricultural Research Service                   7, V
  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service      7, III; 9, I
  Commodity Credit Corporation                    7, XIV
  Cooperative State Research, Education, and      7, XXXIV
       Extension Service
  Economic Analysis Staff                         7, XXXIX
  Economic Research Service                       7, XXXVII
  Economics Management Staff                      7, XL
  Energy, Office of                               7, XXIX
  Environmental Quality, Office of                7, XXXI
  Farm Service Agency                             7, VII, XVIII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 4
  Federal Crop Insurance Corporation              7, IV
  Finance and Management, Office of               7, XXX
  Food and Consumer Service                       7, II
  Food Safety and Inspection Service              9, III
  Foreign Agricultural Service                    7, XV
  Forest Service                                  36, II
  Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards        7, VIII; 9, II
       Administration
  Information Resources Management, Office of     7, XXVII
  Inspector General, Office of                    7, XXVI
  National Agricultural Library                   7, XLI
  National Agricultural Statistics Service        7, XXXVI
  Natural Resources Conservation Service          7, VI
  Operations, Office of                           7, XXVIII
  Rural Business-Cooperative Service              7, XVIII, XLII
  Rural Development Administration                7, XLII
  Rural Housing Service                           7, XVIII
  Rural Telephone Bank                            7, XVI
  Rural Utilities Service                         7, XVII, XVIII, XLII
  Secretary of Agriculture, Office of             7, Subtitle A
  Transportation, Office of                       7, XXXIII
  World Agricultural Outlook Board                7, XXXVIII
Air Force Department                              32, VII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement       48, 53
Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System, Office  10, XV
     of the Federal Inspector
Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Bureau of          27, I
AMTRAK                                            49, VII

[[Page 504]]

American Battle Monuments Commission              36, IV
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service        7, III; 9, I
Appalachian Regional Commission                   5, IX
Architectural and Transportation Barriers         36, XI
     Compliance Board
Arctic Research Commission                        45, XXIII
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, United       22, VI
     States
Army Department                                   32, V
  Engineers, Corps of                             33, II; 36, III
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 51
Assassination Records Review Board                36, XIV
Benefits Review Board                             20, VII
Bilingual Education and Minority Languages        34, V
     Affairs, Office of
Blind or Severely Disabled, Committee for         41, 51
     Purchase From People Who Are
Board for International Broadcasting              22, XIII
Census Bureau                                     15, I
Central Intelligence Agency                       32, XIX
Child Support Enforcement, Office of              45, III
Children and Families, Administration for         45, II, III, IV, X
Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Jubilee        45, XXII
     Commission
Civil Rights, Commission on                       45, VII
Civil Rights, Office for                          34, I
Coast Guard                                       33, I; 46, I; 49, IV
Commerce Department                               44, IV
  Census Bureau                                   15, I`
  Economic Affairs, Under Secretary               37, V
  Economic Analysis, Bureau of                    15, VIII
  Economic Development Administration             13, III
  Emergency Management and Assistance             44, IV
  Export Administration, Bureau of                15, VII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 13
  Fishery Conservation and Management             50, VI
  Foreign-Trade Zones Board                       15, IV
  International Trade Administration              15, III; 19, III
  National Institute of Standards and Technology  15, II
  National Marine Fisheries Service               50, II, IV
  National Oceanic and Atmospheric                15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, 
       Administration                             VI
  National Telecommunications and Information     15, XXIII; 47, III
       Administration
  National Weather Service                        15, IX
  Patent and Trademark Office                     37, I
  Productivity, Technology and Innovation,        37, IV
       Assistant Secretary for
  Secretary of Commerce, Office of                15, Subtitle A
  Technology, Under Secretary for                 37, V
  Technology Administration                       15, XI
  Technology Policy, Assistant Secretary for      37, IV
Commercial Space Transportation                   14, III
Commodity Credit Corporation                      7, XIV
Commodity Futures Trading Commission              5, XLI; 17, I
Community Planning and Development, Office of     24, V, VI
     Assistant Secretary for
Community Services, Office of                     45, X
Comptroller of the Currency                       12, I
Construction Industry Collective Bargaining       29, IX
     Commission
Consumer Product Safety Commission                16, II
Cooperative State Research, Education, and        7, XXXIV
     Extension Service
Copyright Office                                  37, II
Cost Accounting Standards Board                   48, 99
Council on Environmental Quality                  40, V
Customs Service, United States                    19, I
Defense Contract Audit Agency                     32, I
Defense Department                                5, XXVI; 32, Subtitle A
  Advanced Research Projects Agency               32, I
  Air Force Department                            32, VII
  Army Department                                 32, V; 33, II; 36, III, 
                                                  48, 51

[[Page 505]]

  Defense Intelligence Agency                     32, I
  Defense Logistics Agency                        32, I, XII; 48, 54
  Defense Mapping Agency                          32, I
  Engineers, Corps of                             33, II; 36, III
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 2
  Navy Department                                 32, VI; 48, 52
  Secretary of Defense, Office of                 32, I
Defense Contract Audit Agency                     32, I
Defense Intelligence Agency                       32, I
Defense Logistics Agency                          32, XII; 48, 54
Defense Mapping Agency                            32, I
Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board           10, XVII
Delaware River Basin Commission                   18, III
Drug Enforcement Administration                   21, II
East-West Foreign Trade Board                     15, XIII
Economic Affairs, Under Secretary                 37, V
Economic Analysis, Bureau of                      15, VIII
Economic Analysis Staff                           7, XXXIX
Economic Development Administration               13, III
Economics Management Staff                        7, XL
Economic Research Service                         7, XXXVII
Education, Department of                          5, LIII
  Bilingual Education and Minority Languages      34, V
       Affairs, Office of
  Civil Rights, Office for                        34, I
  Educational Research and Improvement, Office    34, VII
       of
  Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of   34, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 34
  Postsecondary Education, Office of              34, VI
  Secretary of Education, Office of               34, Subtitle A
  Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,  34, III
       Office of
  Vocational and Adult Education, Office of       34, IV
Educational Research and Improvement, Office of   34, VII
Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of     34, II
Employees' Compensation Appeals Board             20, IV
Employees Loyalty Board                           5, V
Employment and Training Administration            20, V
Employment Standards Administration               20, VI
Endangered Species Committee                      50, IV
Energy, Department of                             5, XXIII; 10, II, III, X
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 9
  Federal Energy Regulatory Commission            5, XXIV; 18, I
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 109
Energy, Office of                                 7, XXIX
Engineers, Corps of                               33, II; 36, III
Engraving and Printing, Bureau of                 31, VI
Enrichment Corporation, United States             10, XI
Environmental Protection Agency                   5, LIV; 40, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 15
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 115
Environmental Quality, Office of                  7, XXXI
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission           5, LXII; 29, XIV
Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant Secretary  24, I
     for
Executive Office of the President                 3, I
  Administration, Office of                       5, XV
  Environmental Quality, Council on               40, V
  Management and Budget, Office of                25, III, LXXVII; 48, 99
  National Drug Control Policy, Office of         21, III
  National Security Council                       32, XXI; 47, 2
  Presidential Documents                          3
  Science and Technology Policy, Office of        32, XXIV; 47, II
  Trade Representative, Office of the United      15, XX
       States
Export Administration, Bureau of                  15, VII
Export-Import Bank of the United States           5, LII; 12, IV
Family Assistance, Office of                      45, II
Farm Credit Administration                        5, XXXI; 12, VI
Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation          5, XXX; 12, XIV

[[Page 506]]

Farm Service Agency                               7, VII, XVIII
Farmers Home Administration                       7, XVIII
Federal Acquisition Regulation                    48, 1
Federal Aviation Administration                   14, I
  Commercial Space Transportation                 14, III
Federal Claims Collection Standards               4, II
Federal Communications Commission                 47, I
Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office of   41, 60
Federal Crop Insurance Corporation                7, IV
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation             5, XXII; 12, III
Federal Election Commission                       11, I
Federal Emergency Management Agency               44, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 44
Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal    48, 21
     Acquisition Regulation
Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition     48, 16
     Regulation
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission              5, XXIV; 18, I
Federal Financial Institutions Examination        12, XI
     Council
Federal Financing Bank                            12, VIII
Federal Highway Administration                    23, I, II; 49, III
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation            1, IV
Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight Office       12, XVII
Federal Housing Finance Board                     12, IX
Federal Inspector for the Alaska Natural Gas      10, XV
     Transportation System, Office of
Federal Labor Relations Authority, and General    5, XIV; 22, XIV
     Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations 
     Authority
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center           31, VII
Federal Maritime Commission                       46, IV
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service        29, XII
Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission  5, LXXIV; 29, XXVII
Federal Pay, Advisory Committee on                5, IV
Federal Prison Industries, Inc.                   28, III
Federal Procurement Policy Office                 48, 99
Federal Property Management Regulations           41, 101
Federal Property Management Regulations System    41, Subtitle C
Federal Railroad Administration                   49, II
Federal Register, Administrative Committee of     1, I
Federal Register, Office of                       1, II
Federal Reserve System                            12, II
Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board        5, VI, LXXVI
Federal Service Impasses Panel                    5, XIV
Federal Trade Commission                          5, XLVII; 16, I
Federal Transit Administration                    49, VI
Federal Travel Regulation System                  41, Subtitle F
Finance and Management, Office of                 7, XXX
Fine Arts, Commission on                          45, XXI
Fiscal Service                                    31, II
Fish and Wildlife Service, United States          50, I, IV
Fishery Conservation and Management               50, VI
Fishing and Whaling, International Regulatory     50, III
     Agencies
Food and Drug Administration                      21, I
Food and Consumer Service                         7, II
Food Safety and Inspection Service                9, III
Foreign Agricultural Service                      7, XV
Foreign Assets Control, Office of                 31, V
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the       45, V
     United States
Foreign Service Grievance Board                   22, IX
Foreign Service Impasse Disputes Panel            22, XIV
Foreign Service Labor Relations Board             22, XIV
Foreign-Trade Zones Board                         15, IV
Forest Service                                    36, II
General Accounting Office                         4, I, II
General Services Administration
  Contract Appeals, Board of                      48, 61
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 5
  Federal Property Management Regulations System  41, 101, 105

[[Page 507]]

  Federal Travel Regulation System                41, Subtitle F
  Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel    41, 304
       Expenses
  Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death    41, 303
       of Certain Employees
  Relocation Allowances                           41, 302
  Travel Allowances                               41, 301
Geological Survey                                 30, IV
Government Ethics, Office of                      5, XVI
Government National Mortgage Association          24, III
Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards          7, VIII; 9, II
     Administration
Great Lakes Pilotage                              46, III
Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation            45, XVIII
Health and Human Services, Department of          5, XLV; 45, Subtitle A
  Child Support Enforcement, Office of            45, III
  Children and Families, Administration for       45, II, III, IV, X
  Community Services, Office of                   45, X
  Family Assistance, Office of                    45, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 3
  Food and Drug Administration                    21, I
  Health Care Financing Administration            42, IV
  Human Development Services, Office of           45, XIII
  Indian Health Service                           25, V
  Inspector General (Health Care), Office of      42, V
  Public Health Service                           42, I
  Refugee Resettlement, Office of                 45, IV
Health Care Financing Administration              42, IV
Housing and Urban Development, Department of      5, LXV; 24, Subtitle B
  Community Planning and Development, Office of   24, V, VI
       Assistant Secretary for
  Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant          24, I
       Secretary for
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 24
  Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, Office    12, XVII
       of
  Government National Mortgage Association        24, III
  Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office   24, II, VIII, X, XX
       of Assistant Secretary for
  Inspector General, Office of                    24, XII
  Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant  24, IX
       Secretary for
  Secretary, Office of                            24, Subtitle A, VII
Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office of  24, II, VIII, X, XX
     Assistant Secretary for
Human Development Services, Office of             45, XIII
Immigration and Naturalization Service            8, I
Independent Counsel, Office of                    28, VII
Indian Affairs, Bureau of                         25, I, V
Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant           25, VI
     Secretary
Indian Arts and Crafts Board                      25, II
Indian Health Service                             25, V
Information Agency, United States                 22, V
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 19
Information Resources Management, Office of       7, XXVII
Information Security Oversight Office, National   32, XX
     Archives and Records Administration
Inspector General
  Agriculture Department                          7, XXVI
  Health and Human Services Department            42, V
  Housing and Urban Development Department        24, XII
Institute of Peace, United States                 22, XVII
Inter-American Foundation                         5, LXIII; 22, X
Intergovernmental Relations, Advisory Commission  5, VII
     on
Interior Department
  Endangered Species Committee                    50, IV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 14
  Federal Property Management Regulations System  41, 114
  Fish and Wildlife Service, United States        50, I, IV
  Geological Survey                               30, IV
  Indian Affairs, Bureau of                       25, I, V
  Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant         25, VI
     Secretary
[[Page 508]]

  Indian Arts and Crafts Board                    25, II
  Land Management, Bureau of                      43, II
  Minerals Management Service                     30, II
  Mines, Bureau of                                30, VI
  National Indian Gaming Commission               25, III
  National Park Service                           36, I
  Reclamation, Bureau of                          43, I
  Secretary of the Interior, Office of            43, Subtitle A
  Surface Mining and Reclamation Appeals, Board   30, III
       of
  Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement,     30, VII
       Office of
Internal Revenue Service                          26, I
International Boundary and Water Commission,      22, XI
     United States and Mexico, United States 
     Section
International Development, Agency for             22, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 7
International Development Cooperation Agency,     22, XII
     United States
  International Development, Agency for           22, II; 48, 7
  Overseas Private Investment Corporation         5, XXXIII; 22, VII
International Investment, Office of               31, VIII
International Joint Commission, United States     22, IV
     and Canada
International Organizations Employees Loyalty     5, V
     Board
International Regulatory Agencies (Fishing and    50, III
     Whaling)
International Trade Administration                15, III; 19, III
International Trade Commission, United States     19, II
Interstate Commerce Commission                    5, XL
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation      45, XXIV
Japan-United States Friendship Commission         22, XVI
Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries       20, VIII
Justice Department                                28, I
  Drug Enforcement Administration                 21, II
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 28
  Federal Claims Collection Standards             4, II
  Federal Prison Industries, Inc.                 28, III
  Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the     45, V
       United States
  Immigration and Naturalization Service          8, I
  Offices of Independent Counsel                  28, VI
  Prisons, Bureau of                              28, V
  Property Management Regulations                 41, 128
Labor Department
  Benefits Review Board                           20, VII
  Employees' Compensation Appeals Board           20, IV
  Employment and Training Administration          20, V
  Employment Standards Administration             20, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 29
  Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office    41, 60
       of
  Federal Procurement Regulations System          41, 50
  Labor-Management Relations and Cooperative      29, II
       Programs, Bureau of
  Labor-Management Programs, Office of            29, IV
  Mine Safety and Health Administration           30, I
  Occupational Safety and Health Administration   29, XVII
  Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration     29, XXV
  Public Contracts                                41, 50
  Secretary of Labor, Office of                   29, Subtitle A
  Veterans' Employment and Training, Office of    41, 61; 20, IX
       the Assistant Secretary for
  Wage and Hour Division                          29, V
  Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of       20, I
Labor-Management Relations and Cooperative        29, II
     Programs, Bureau of
Labor-Management Programs, Office of              29, IV
Land Management, Bureau of                        43, II
Legal Services Corporation                        45, XVI
Library of Congress                               36, VII
  Copyright Office                                37, II

[[Page 509]]

Management and Budget, Office of                  5, III, LXXVII; 48, 99
Marine Mammal Commission                          50, V
Maritime Administration                           46, II
Merit Systems Protection Board                    5, II
Micronesian Status Negotiations, Office for       32, XXVII
Mine Safety and Health Administration             30, I
Minerals Management Service                       30, II
Mines, Bureau of                                  30, VI
Minority Business Development Agency              15, XIV
Miscellaneous Agencies                            1, IV
Monetary Offices                                  31, I
National Aeronautics and Space Administration     5, LIX; 14, V
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 18
National Agricultural Library                     7, XLI
National Agricultural Statistics Service          7, XXXVI
National Archives and Records Administration      5, LXVI; 36, XII
  Information Security Oversight Office           32, XX
National Bureau of Standards                      15, II
National Capital Planning Commission              1, IV
National Commission for Employment Policy         1, IV
National Commission on Libraries and Information  45, XVII
     Science
National and Community Service, Corporation for   45, XXV
National Council on Disability                    34, XII
National Credit Union Administration              12, VII
National Drug Control Policy, Office of           21, III
National Foundation on the Arts and the           45, XI
     Humanities
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration    23, II, III; 49, V
National Indian Gaming Commission                 25, III
National Institute for Literacy                   34, XI
National Institute of Standards and Technology    15, II
National Labor Relations Board                    29, I
National Marine Fisheries Service                 50, II, IV
National Mediation Board                          29, X
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration   15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, 
                                                  VI
National Park Service                             36, I
National Railroad Adjustment Board                29, III
National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK)  49, VII
National Science Foundation                       45, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 25
National Security Council                         32, XXI
National Security Council and Office of Science   47, II
     and Technology Policy
National Telecommunications and Information       15, XXIII; 47, III
     Administration
National Transportation Safety Board              49, VIII
National Weather Service                          15, IX
Natural Resources Conservation Service            7, VI
Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation, Office of      25, IV
Navy Department                                   32, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 52
Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation             24, XXV
Nuclear Regulatory Commission                     5, XLVIII; 10, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 20
Occupational Safety and Health Administration     29, XVII
Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission  29, XX
Offices of Independent Counsel                    28, VI
Operations Office                                 7, XXVIII
Overseas Private Investment Corporation           5, XXXIII; 22, VII
Panama Canal Commission                           48, 35
Panama Canal Regulations                          35, I
Patent and Trademark Office                       37, I
Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel      41, 304
     Expenses
Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death of   41, 303
     Certain Employees
Peace Corps                                       22, III
Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation       36, IX
Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration       29, XXV

[[Page 510]]

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation              29, XL
Personnel Management, Office of                   5, I; 45, VIII
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 17
  Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal  48, 21
       Acquisition Regulation
  Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition   48, 16
       Regulation
Postal Rate Commission                            5, XLVI; 39, III
Postal Service, United States                     5, LX; 39, I
Postsecondary Education, Office of                34, VI
President's Commission on White House             1, IV
     Fellowships
Presidential Commission on the Assignment of      32, XXIX
     Women in the Armed Forces
Presidential Documents                            3
Prisons, Bureau of                                28, V
Productivity, Technology and Innovation,          37, IV
     Assistant Secretary
Public Contracts, Department of Labor             41, 50
Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant    24, IX
     Secretary for
Public Health Service                             42, I
Railroad Retirement Board                         20, II
Reclamation, Bureau of                            43, I
Refugee Resettlement, Office of                   45, IV
Regional Action Planning Commissions              13, V
Relocation Allowances                             41, 302
Research and Special Programs Administration      49, I
Rural Business-Cooperative Service                7, XVIII, XLII
Rural Development Administration                  7, XLII
Rural Housing Service                             7, XVIII
Rural Telephone Bank                              7, XVI
Rural Utilities Service                           7, XVII, XVIII, XLII
Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation     33, IV; 46, III
Science and Technology Policy, Office of          32, XXIV
Science and Technology Policy, Office of, and     47, II
     National Security Council
Secret Service                                    31, IV
Securities and Exchange Commission                17, II
Selective Service System                          32, XVI
Small Business Administration                     13, I
Smithsonian Institution                           36, V
Social Security Administration                    20, III; 48, 23
Soldiers' and Airmen's Home, United States        5, XI
Special Counsel, Office of                        5, VIII
Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,    34, III
     Office of
State Department                                  22, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 6
Surface Mining and Reclamation Appeals, Board of  30, III
Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement,       30, VII
     Office of
Surface Transportation Board                      49, X
Susquehanna River Basin Commission                18, VIII
Technology Administration                         15, XI
Technology Policy, Assistant Secretary for        37, IV
Technology, Under Secretary for                   37, V
Tennessee Valley Authority                        5, LXIX; 18, XIII
Thrift Depositor Protection Oversight Board       12, XV
Thrift Supervision Office, Department of the      12, V
     Treasury
Trade Representative, United States, Office of    15, XX
Transportation, Department of                     5, L
  Coast Guard                                     33, I; 46, I; 49, IV
  Commercial Space Transportation                 14, III
  Contract Appeals, Board of                      48, 63
  Emergency Management and Assistance             44, IV
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 12
  Federal Aviation Administration                 14, I
  Federal Highway Administration                  23, I, II; 49, III
  Federal Railroad Administration                 49, II
  Federal Transit Administration                  49, VI
  Maritime Administration                         46, II

[[Page 511]]

  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration  23, II, III; 49, V
  Research and Special Programs Administration    49, I
  Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation   33, IV; 46, III
  Secretary of Transportation, Office of          14, II; 49, Subtitle A
  Surface Transportation Board                    49, X
Transportation, Office of                         7, XXXIII
Travel Allowances                                 41, 301
Treasury Department                               5, XXI; 17, IV
  Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Bureau of        27, I
  Community Development Financial Institutions    12, XVIII
       Fund
  Comptroller of the Currency                     12, I
  Customs Service, United States                  19, I
  Engraving and Printing, Bureau of               31, VI
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 10
  Federal Law Enforcement Training Center         31, VII
  Fiscal Service                                  31, II
  Foreign Assets Control, Office of               31, V
  Internal Revenue Service                        26, I
  International Investment, Office of             31, VIII
  Monetary Offices                                31, I
  Secret Service                                  31, IV
  Secretary of the Treasury, Office of            31, Subtitle A
  Thrift Supervision, Office of                   12, V
Truman, Harry S. Scholarship Foundation           45, XVIII
United States and Canada, International Joint     22, IV
     Commission
United States and Mexico, International Boundary  22, XI
     and Water Commission, United States Section
United States Enrichment Corporation              10, XI
Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation      43, III
     Commission
Veterans Affairs Department                       38, I
  Federal Acquisition Regulation                  48, 8
Veterans' Employment and Training, Office of the  41, 61; 20, IX
     Assistant Secretary for
Vice President of the United States, Office of    32, XXVIII
Vocational and Adult Education, Office of         34, IV
Wage and Hour Division                            29, V
Water Resources Council                           18, VI
Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of         20, I
World Agricultural Outlook Board                  7, XXXVIII

[[Page 513]]



List of CFR Sections Affected


All changes in this volume of the Code of Federal Regulations which were 
made by documents published in the Federal Register since January 1, 
1986, are enumerated in the following list. Entries indicate the nature 
of the changes effected. Page numbers refer to Federal Register pages. 
The user should consult the entries for chapters and parts as well as 
sections for revisions.
For the period before January 1, 1986, see the ``List of CFR Sections 
Affected, 1949-1963, 1964-1972, and 1973-1985,'' published in seven 
volumes.

                                  1986

46 CFR
                                                                   51 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
167  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed.....................................................4351
167.43-5  Revised...................................................4351
167.43-25  Added....................................................4351
169  Added...........................................................896
    Table of contents corrected.....................................3785
169.107  (d) corrected..............................................3785
169.311  (a) corrected..............................................3785
169.555  (b) corrected.............................................10632
169.567  (a) Table 169.567(a) corrected.............................3785
169.681  (c) corrected.............................................10632
170  Authority citation revised...............................923, 33059
    Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
removed............................................................15498
170.055  (h)(6), (s), and (t) added..................................923
    (s) corrected...................................................3785
    (k) through (r) redesignated as (l) through (s); new (k) 
added; eff. 11-17-86...............................................33059
    (k) through (t) correctly redesignated as (l) through (u); new 
(k) added..........................................................35515
170.070  (b)(5) added................................................923
170.100  (b) revised...............................................15498
170.105  (b)(5) added................................................923
170.160  (b)(4) added................................................923
170.245  (b) introductory text revised...............................923
170.255  (d) and (e) added; eff. 11-17-86..........................33059
171  Authority citation revised......................................923
171.001  (b) revised.................................................923
171.035  (a)(5) added................................................924
171.055  (d)(2) amended..............................................924
171.057  (a) introductory text and (b) introductory text revised 
                                                                     924
172  Authority citation revised....................................33059
172.005  (g) added; eff. 11-17-86..................................33059
172.215--172.245 (Subpart H)  Added; eff. 11-17-86.................33059
172.220  (b)(2) corrected..........................................35515
173  Authority citation revised......................................924
173.051  Redesignated from 173.055...................................924
173.052  Redesignated from 173.060...................................924
173.053  Added.......................................................924
173.054  Added.......................................................924
173.055  Redesignated as 173.051; new 173.055 added..................924
173.056--173.059  Added..............................................924
173.060  Redesignated as 173.052; new 173.060 added..................924
173.061--173.063  Added..............................................925
189  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................15498
189.55-15  (a)(3) revised..........................................15498

[[Page 514]]

196  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed.....................................................4352
196.34-5  Revised...................................................4352
196.34-25  Added....................................................4352

                                  1987

46 CFR
                                                                   52 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
167  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................39655
167.15-27  Added...................................................39655
167.15-30  Revised.................................................39655
167.15-35  Added...................................................39655
167.15-40  Added...................................................39655
167.15-50  Revised.................................................39655
167.65-65  Revised.................................................47536
169.229  Revised...................................................39656
169.231  Revised...................................................39656
169.233  Revised...................................................39656
169.234  Added.....................................................39656
170  Authority citation revised.....................................6979
170.110  (a) revised................................................6979
170.130  Removed....................................................6979
172  Authority citation revised.....................................7799
172.130  (a) revised................................................7799
172.133  (b) introductory text and (d) revised......................7799
174  Authority citation revised; subpart authority citations 
        removed.....................................................6979
174.045  (d) revised................................................6979
175  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................38657
175.01-1  (a) revised; interim.....................................38657
175.10-13  Revised; interim........................................38657
175.10-15  Added; interim..........................................38657
185  Authority citation revised; subpart and section authority 
        citations removed..........................................38657
    Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
removed............................................................47536
185.10-1  Revised; interim.........................................38657
185.15-1 (Subpart 185.15)  Revised.................................47536
185.17-1  Revised; interim.........................................38657
185.19-1  Revised; interim.........................................38657
185.20-1  Revised; interim.........................................38657
185.20-10  Revised; interim........................................38657
185.20-15  Revised; interim........................................38657
185.20-20  Revised; interim........................................38657
185.20-30  (c) revised; interim....................................38657
185.22-1  Revised; interim.........................................38657
185.25-1  (a) and (d) amended; interim.............................38658
185.25-10  Revised; interim........................................38658
185.25-15  Revised; interim........................................38658
185.25-20  Revised; interim........................................38658
186  Removed; interim..............................................38658
187  Removed; interim..............................................38658
189  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................39656
189.40-1  Revised..................................................39656
189.40-3  Added....................................................39656
189.40-5  Revised..................................................39657
189.43-1 (Subpart 189.43)  Added...................................39657
190  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................18364
190.07-10  (f) added...............................................18364
    (f) corrected..................................................22751
195  Authority citation revised; section and subpart authority 
        citations removed..........................................18364
195.13-1 (Subpart 195.13)  Removed.................................18364
195.15-1 (Subpart 195.15)  Removed.................................18364
196.07  Subpart heading revised....................................47536
196.07-1 (Subpart 196.07)  Revised.................................47536
197  Authority citation revised....................................47536
197.486  (d) added.................................................47536

                                  1988

46 CFR
                                                                   53 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
166  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................37568
167  Authority citation revised....................................7752,
                                                            32232, 37568
167.01-20  Added...................................................34298
167.15-27  (a) amended.............................................32232
167.15-30  (a)(2) amended..........................................32232
167.15-40  Heading revised; (a) amended............................32232

[[Page 515]]

167.45-1  Heading and (a)(8) revised................................7752
167.65-50  Revised.................................................27688
168  Authority citation revised....................................37568
169  Authority citation revised.............................32232, 37568
169.117  Existing text designated as (a); table designated as (b); 
        new (b) heading added; new (b) table amended...............34298
169.229  (a)(2) amended............................................32232
169.231  (a) amended...............................................32232
169.234  Heading revised; (a) amended..............................32232
170  Authority citation revised....................................37569
170.010  Amended...................................................34537
170.015  (a) amended...............................................34537
170.050  (a) amended...............................................34537
170.080  Amended...................................................34537
170.085  Amended...................................................34537
170.093  Amended...................................................34537
170.110  (b) amended...............................................34537
170.170  (b) and (d) amended.......................................34537
170.185  (b) amended...............................................34537
170.235  (b) amended...............................................34537
170.275  (c) amended...............................................34537
171  Authority citation revised....................................37569
171.035  (h) amended...............................................34537
171.066  (b) introductory text, (4), and (c) amended...............34537
171.068  (b) introductory text and (c) amended.....................34537
171.080  (c), (d)(1)(ii), (e)(1)(i), and (3) amended...............34537
171.090  (c) amended...............................................34537
171.105  (g)(2) and (h)(1) amended.................................34537
171.116  (f)(1) amended............................................34537
171.118  (a) and (b) amended.......................................34537
172  Authority citation revised....................................37569
172.150  (b)(2) amended............................................34537
173  Authority citation revised....................................37569
174  Authority citation revised....................................37569
175  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed.............................................36026, 37569
175.05-1  (a) table amended........................................36026
    (a) table corrected............................................46871
176  Authority citation revised.....................................7752
    Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
removed.....................................................36026, 37569
176.25-25  (c) introductory text revised; (c)(3) Note amended.......7752
177  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................37569
180  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................37569
181  Authority citation revised.....................................7752
    Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
removed............................................................37569
181.20-30  (c) revised..............................................7752
182  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................37569
183  Authority citation revised....................................37569
184  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................37569
185  Authority citation correctly revised..........................13118
    Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
removed............................................................37569
188  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed.............................................36026, 37569
188.01-7  Added....................................................50382
188.01-10  Removed.................................................36026
188.01-15  Added...................................................34298
188.05-1  (a) table amended........................................36026
    (a) table corrected............................................46871
188.05-2  (b) revised..............................................36026
188.05-15  (c) revised.............................................36026
188.10-3  Amended..................................................36026
188.10-21  Amended.................................................36026
188.10-25  Amended.................................................36026
188.10-33  Amended.................................................34538
188.10-37  Revised.................................................36026
188.10-73  Amended.................................................36026
188.35-5  (a) and (b) amended......................................34538
    (a) corrected...........................................37570, 44011
189  Authority citation revised..............................7752, 37569
189.25-20  (a)(1) table footnote 1 and (2) table footnote 1 
        revised; (a)(2) table Note removed..........................7752
189.40-1  (a) and (c) amended......................................32232
189.40-3  (a)(2) amended...........................................32232

[[Page 516]]

189.43 (Subpart 189.43)  Heading revised...........................32233
189.43-1  (a) amended..............................................32233
189.55-15  (a)(2) and (3) amended..................................34538
190  Interpretation................................................32050
    Authority citation revised.....................................37569
192  Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
        removed....................................................37569
192.01-3  Added....................................................17706
192.20-15  (j) revised.............................................17706
193  Authority citation revised.....................................7752
    Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
removed............................................................37569
193.15-20  (i) revised..............................................7753
194  Heading and authority citation revised; section authority 
        citations removed..........................................36026
    Authority citation revised; section authority citations 
removed............................................................37569
194.01-1  (c) amended..............................................36026
194.05-1  (b) revised..............................................36027
194.05-3  Revised..................................................36027
194.05-5  (a) amended..............................................36027
194.05-7  (a), (b), and (c)(1) revised.............................36027
194.05-9  (b) amended..............................................36027
    (b) corrected..................................................46872
194.05-11  (b) amended.............................................36027
    (b) corrected..................................................46872
194.05-13  (b) amended.............................................36027
194.05-15  (b) amended.............................................36027
194.05-17  (b) amended.............................................36027
194.05-19  (b) amended.............................................36027
194.05-21  Revised.................................................36027
194.10-1  (b) amended..............................................36027
194.10-5  (b)(2) revised...........................................36027
194.10-35  (e) amended.............................................36027
194.15-15  Revised.................................................36027
194.15-17  (a) amended.............................................36027
194.20-15  (d) and (f) amended.....................................36027
194.20-17  (b) and (c) revised.....................................36027
195  Authority citation revised...................................17706,
                                                     20624, 36027, 37570
195.01-3  Added....................................................17706
195.07-05  (b) and (c) added.......................................20624
195.11-30  (c) revised.............................................36027
195.35-5  (c) revised..............................................17706
196  Authority citation revised....................................37570
196.43-5  (a) amended; (b) removed.................................27688
197  Authority citation correctly revised..........................13118
    Authority citation revised.....................................37570

                                  1989

46 CFR
                                                                   54 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
167.10-50  Revised.................................................50381
168.05-15  Added...................................................50381
169.113  Revised...................................................50381
170.003  Added.....................................................50382
170.010  Revised...................................................19572
170.100  (b) revised...............................................19572
170.110  (d)(16) added; eff. 10-6-89...............................36977
170.248  (a) amended; (c) added; eff. 10-6-89......................36977
170.300  Added; eff. 10-6-89.......................................36977
174.005  (f) added; eff. 10-6-89...................................36977
174.300--174.340 (Subpart I)  Added; eff. 10-6-89..................36977
175.01-1  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed.......................132
175.10-13  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed......................132
175.10-15  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed......................132
175.30-1  Revised..................................................50382
184.01-3  Added; interim............................................6403
184.01-4  Added (OMB number); interim...............................6403
184.05-1  (b) revised; (d) added; interim...........................6403
185.10-1  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed.......................132
185.17-1  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed.......................132
185.19-1  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed.......................132
185.20-1  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed.......................132
185.20-10  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed......................132
185.20-15  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed......................132
185.20-20  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed......................132
185.20-30  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed......................132
185.22-1  Regulations at 52 FR 38657 confirmed.......................132

[[Page 517]]

185.25-1  Regulations at 52 FR 38658 confirmed.......................132
185.25-10  Regulations at 52 FR 38658 confirmed......................132
185.25-15  Regulations at 52 FR 38658 confirmed......................132
185.25-20  Regulations at 52 FR 38658 confirmed......................132
    (b) revised......................................................151
186  Removal at 52 FR 38658 confirmed................................132
187  Removal at 52 FR 38658 confirmed................................132
188.01-7  Added....................................................50382
189.55-15  (a)(3) revised..........................................19572
197.203  Added.....................................................50382

                                  1990

46 CFR
                                                                   55 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
167.01-5  (c) revised..............................................30663
167.35-2  (a) revised..............................................30663
167.60-1  (d) revised..............................................30663
175.05-1  (a) Table 175.05-1 footnote 6 and (c) revised............30663
175.05-3  (b)(1) revised...........................................30663
176.35-1--176.35-30 (Subpart 176.35)  Heading revised..............30664
176.35-1  Revised..................................................30664
176.35-5  Revised..................................................30664
176.35-10  (a) revised.............................................30664
184.01-3  Revised..............................................3959,3960
184.01-4  Regulation at 54 FR 6403 confirmed........................3959
184.05-1  (d) revised...............................................3960
188.05-1  (a) Table 188.05-1(a) footnote 6 revised.................30664
188.05-10  (a)(2)(i) and (ii) revised..............................30664
188.10-35  Revised.................................................30664
189.55-5  (j) added................................................32249
    (j) technical correction.......................................38441
189.60-1--189.60--45 (Subpart 189.60)  Heading revised.............30665
189.60-5  (a) revised..............................................30665
189.60-45  (a) revised.............................................30665
190  Authority citation revised....................................32249
190.02-1 (Subpart 190.02)  Added...................................32249
    Technical correction...........................................38441
192.10-1  (c) revised..............................................30665
192.20-15  (nn) revised............................................30665

                                  1991

46 CFR
                                                                   56 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
169.611  (c) revised; (d) removed..................................35827
170  Stability criteria............................................11267
170.015  Revised...................................................35827
170.270  (c) revised; (d) redesignated as (e); new (d) added.......35828
174.007  Added.....................................................35828
174.100  (e) revised; (f) added....................................35828
182.15-7  (b) revised; (c) removed.................................35829
189.55-5  (b)(11) revised..........................................35829
    (b) footnote 1 corrected.......................................46354
    (b) heading corrected..........................................50754
190.01-3  Added....................................................35829
190.01-13  Revised.................................................35829
193.01-3  Added....................................................35829
193.10-10  (c) revised.............................................35830
197.501--197.580 (Subpart C)  Added................................52135
197.501  (c) correctly added.......................................65006
197.540  (b) corrected.............................................65006
197.560  (b)(1) and (2)(i) corrected...............................65006

                                  1992

46 CFR
                                                                   57 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
167.01-20  (b) revised (OMB numbers); eff. 12-10-92................41824
167.45-60  Revised.................................................48326
167.55-1  Revised; eff. 12-10-92...................................41824
167.65-38  Added; eff. 12-10-92....................................41824
167.65-42  Added; eff. 12-10-92....................................41824
169.117  (b) revised (OMB numbers); eff. 12-10-92..................41824
169.717  (a) revised...............................................48326
169.755  Added; eff. 12-10-92......................................41824
169.840  Added; eff. 12-10-92......................................41825
170  OMB numbers removed...........................................41825
170.001  (a) introductory text revised; eff. 12-10-92..............41825
170.020  Added; (OMB numbers); eff. 12-10-92.......................41825
170.055  (f) through (u) redesignated as (g) through (v); new (f) 
        added; eff. 12-10-92.......................................41825
170.110  (c) and (d) introductory text revised; new (f) added; 
        eff. 12-10-92..............................................41825
170.210  Added; eff. 12-10-92......................................41825

[[Page 518]]

    Regulation at 57 FR 41812 effective date deferred..............58406
171.080  (d) introductory text revised; (e) redesignated as (f); 
        new (e) added; eff. 12-10-92...............................41826
172.060  Revised; interim..........................................36246
    Regulation at 57 FR 36246 comment period reopened..............60402
175.01-3  (b) revised (OMB number); eff. 12-10-92..................41827
185.20-5  Added; eff. 12-10-92.....................................41827
185.20-17  Added; eff. 12-10-92....................................41827
185.30-3  Added; eff. 12-10-92.....................................41827
188.01-15  (b) revised (OMB number); eff. 12-10-92.................41828
195.30-1--195.30-90 (Subpart 195.30)  Revised......................48327
195.35-1  Revised..................................................48327
195.35-5  (b) revised..............................................48327
195.35-10  (a) revised.............................................48327
195.35-90  Revised.................................................48327
196.15-7  Added; eff. 12-10-92.....................................41828
196.15-18  Added; eff. 12-10-92....................................41828
196.35-5  (a)(4) through (11) redesignated as (a)(6) through (13); 
        new (a)(4) and (5) added; eff. 12-10-92....................41828
196.40-10  Heading and (a) revised; (b) and (c) redesignated as 
        (c) and (d); new (b), (e), (f) and (g) added; eff. 12-10-
        92.........................................................41828

                                  1993

46 CFR
                                                                   58 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
170  Hearing.......................................................36601
171.080  (e) regulation at 57 FR 41826 suspended to 2-23-94........45264
    Regulation at 58 FR 45264 corrected............................47784
174.005  (g), (h) and (i) added....................................17320
174.350-174.360 (Subpart J)  Added.................................17320

                                  1994

46 CFR
                                                                   59 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
171.080  Regulation at 57 FR 41826 and 58 FR 45264 suspension 
        extended in part............................................9099
    Correctly suspended in part....................................17047
194  Heading revised...............................................39966
      Authority citation revised...................................39966
194.05-7  (a), (b) and (d) introductory text revised...............39966

                                  1995

46 CFR
                                                                   60 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
167.15-30  (e) amended.............................................50467
167.20-35  Amended.................................................50468
167.30-10  (a) amended.............................................50468
169.115  (c)(3) amended............................................50468
169.229  (e) amended...............................................50468
169.529  (j) amended...............................................50468
169.551  (b) amended...............................................50468
170.015  (a) amended...............................................50468
170.055  (g) revised; interim......................................57671
171  Authority citation revised.............................48052, 53713
171.001  (b) revised...............................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
171.080  (d), (e) and (f) redesignated as (e), (f) and (h); new 
        (d) and (g) added; new (e) introductory text and new (f) 
        revised....................................................53713
172.060  Regulation at 57 FR 36246 confirmed.......................13324
174  Authority citation revised....................................48052
174.005  Revised...................................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
    (g) and (h) added; interim.....................................57671
174.007  (a) amended...............................................50468
174.110--174.125 (Subpart D)  Removed..............................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
174.150--174.170 (Subpart F)  Removed..............................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
174.180--174.225 (Subpart G)  Added; interim.......................57671
174.240--174.260 (Subpart H)  Added; interim.......................57673
174.335  (a) and (b) amended.......................................50468
175.05-2  Revised; interim.........................................57674
175.10-2  (b) amended..............................................50468
175.10-40  Revised; interim........................................57674
175.25-1  (a) amended..............................................50468
175.27-5  (a) amended..............................................50468

[[Page 519]]

175.35-1 (Subpart 175.35)  Removed; interim........................57674
180.05-1  (a) amended..............................................50468
180.10-5  (b) amended..............................................50468
180.10-15  (b) amended.............................................50468
180.10-20  (b) amended.............................................50468
180.25-20  (a) amended.............................................50468
180.25-25  (a) amended.............................................50468
181.05-1  (b) amended..............................................50468
181.15-10  (d) amended.............................................50468
182.15-40  (a)(3) amended..........................................50468
182.20-40  (a)(2)(ii) amended......................................50468
183.01-15  (b)(3), (4) and (5) amended.............................50468
183.05-45  (i) amended.............................................50468
184.01-3  (b) amended..............................................50469
188  Authority citation revised....................................48052
188.05-15  Removed.................................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
188.10-47  Removed.................................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
188.35-5  (a) and (b) amended......................................50469
189  Authority citation revised....................................48052
189.01-10  (a) revised.............................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
189.20-15  (c) removed.............................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
189.25-10  (b) removed; (c) redesignated as (b)....................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
189.40-3  (e)(1), (3) and (g) amended..............................50469
189.50-1  (a) amended..............................................50469
189.55-15  (a)(2) amended..........................................50469
    (a)(2) corrected...............................................54106
189.60-1  Revised..................................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
189.60-30  Removed.................................................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
189.60-40  (e) removed; (f) redesignated as (e)....................48052
    Regulation at 60 FR 48052 eff. date corrected to 10-1-95.......50120
190.01-3  (a) amended..............................................50469
190.20-10  (b) amended.............................................50469
192.41-5  (c) and (d) amended......................................50469
193.01-3  (a) amended..............................................50469
196.03-1  (b) amended..............................................50469
197.484  (a) amended...............................................50469
197.510  (a) amended...............................................50469

                                  1996

  (Regulations published from January 1, 1996 through October 1, 1996)

46 CFR
                                                                   61 FR
                                                                    Page
Chapter I
167.05-25  Revised; interim........................................25311
167.05-35  Added; interim..........................................25311
167.15-28  Added; interim..........................................25311
167.15-30  (e) amended.............................................50734
167.35-1  Revised; interim.........................................25311
167.35-2  Removed; interim.........................................25311
167.35-3  Removed; interim.........................................25311
167.35-5  Removed; interim.........................................25311
167.35-10  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-15  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-20  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-25  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-30  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-35  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-40  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-45  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-50  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-60  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-65  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-70  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-72  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-75  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-80  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-85  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.35-90  Removed; interim........................................25311
167.40-20  Amended.................................................26010
167.40-35  Removed.................................................26010
167.45-40  (c-1) and (c-2) removed; (a), (b) and (c) revised.......26010
167.45-55  Removed.................................................26010
167.55-5  Heading and (j) revised; note removed; interim...........25311
167.65-1  Revised; interim.........................................25311
167.65-3  Removed..................................................26010
167.65-10  Removed.................................................26010
167.65-15  Revised.................................................26010
167.65-30  Removed.................................................26010
167.65-50  Revised.................................................26010
167.65-55  Removed; interim........................................25311
168  Authority citation revised....................................26010
168.05-5  Revised; interim.........................................25312
168.10-1  Revised; interim.........................................25312

[[Page 520]]

168.10-5  Revised; interim.........................................25312
168.15-1--168.15-60 (Subpart 168.15)  Revised......................26010
168.15-15  (a) correctly revised...................................35138
168.15-25  (a) correctly revised...................................35138
169  Authority citation revised....................................26011
169.115  (b) amended...............................................50734
169.229  (e) amended...............................................50734
169.321  Removed...................................................26011
169.742  Removed...................................................26011
170  Authority citation revised......................................943
    Comment period reopening........................................7425
170.001  (a) introductory text and (b) amended.......................943
170.010  Amended...................................................50734
170.015  (a) amended...............................................50734
170.055  (i)(1) amended; (w) added...................................943
170.075  (b) amended.................................................944
170.100  (b) amended...............................................50734
170.105  (b)(1) removed; (b)(2) through (5) redesignated as (b)(1) 
        through (4)..................................................944
170.160--170.173 (Subpart E)  Heading revised........................944
170.160  (b)(1) removed; (b)(2), (3) and (4) redesignated as 
        (b)(1), (2) and (3)..........................................944
170.170  (a) amended; (d) revised....................................944
    (a) corrected..................................................20556
170.173  (b)(2) amended..............................................944
170.200  (a)(2) amended..............................................944
170.265  (c) amended; (d) introductory text and (2) revised..........944
    (c) amended....................................................50734
170.270  (e) revised.................................................944
171  Authority citation revised......................................944
171.001  (a) revised.................................................944
171.010  (a), (d)(1) and (3) revised; (e) through (k), (l), (m) 
        and (n) redesignated as (f) through (l), (n), (p) and (q); 
        new (e), new (m) and (o) added...............................944
171.020--171.043 (Subpart B)  Removed................................944
171.057  (a) and (b) amended.........................................944
171.085  (a), (h)(1) and (j)(2) revised..............................945
171.110  (a) designation and (b) removed.............................945
171.114  Removed.....................................................945
171.115  (a) designation and (b) removed.............................945
171.119  Removed.....................................................945
171.120  Revised.....................................................945
171.122  (f)(1) revised; Table 171.122 redesignated from Table 
        171.124......................................................945
171.124  Table redesignated as Table 171.122; section removed........945
171.130  (a) designation and (b) removed.............................945
171.140  Removed.....................................................945
171.145  Removed.....................................................945
171.150  Removed.....................................................945
171.155  Removed.....................................................945
173.005  (b) revised.................................................945
173.020  (c) introductory text revised...............................945
173.025  (b) introductory text, (c) and Graph 173.025 revised........945
173.054  (a)(1) and (b)(1) amended...................................946
173.059  Amended.....................................................946
173.060  (a) amended.................................................946
173.061  Amended.....................................................946
    Corrected......................................................20556
173.062  Amended.....................................................946
173.063  (a) and (d) amended.........................................946
174  Comment period reopening.......................................7425
174.007  (a) amended...............................................50734
174.205  (b) corrected..............................................1035
175--185 (Subchapter T)  Revised.....................................946
175  Comment period reopening.......................................7425
175.05-2  (b) corrected.............................................1035
175.110  (d) table corrected.......................................20557
175.400  Corrected.................................................20557
175.540  (b) corrected.............................................24464
175.600  (a) and (b) amended.......................................50734
176.000  Correctly designated as 176.400...........................20557
176.100  (b) corrected.............................................20557
176.105  (d) and (e) corrected.....................................20557
176.107  (a) and (b) corrected.....................................20557
176.110  (a) and (b) corrected.....................................20557
176.310  (a) and (b) corrected.....................................20557
176.400  Correctly designated......................................20557
176.404  Corrected.................................................20557
176.802  (c) corrected.............................................20557
176.810  (b)(2) table corrected....................................20557
176.920  Correctly designated......................................20557
176.970  Correctly designated as 176.920...........................20557

[[Page 521]]

177.410  (c)(3) and (d)(1) corrected...............................24464
177.1010  Corrected................................................20557
178.320  (d) corrected.............................................20557
178.330  (d)(3)(i) and (ii) corrected..............................20557
178.450  (a) corrected.............................................20557
179.220  (a) corrected.............................................20557
180.15  (e) correctly revised......................................24464
180.68  (c)(1) corrected...........................................20557
180.70  (d)(1) corrected...........................................20557
180.71  (d) corrected..............................................24464
180.137  (e) introductory text corrected...........................20557
180.204  Correctly designated......................................20557
180.207  (b) corrected.............................................24464
180.304  Correctly designated as 180.204...........................20557
181.320  (c)(3) corrected..........................................20557
    (d)(1) corrected...............................................24464
181.410  (b)(2) corrected..........................................20557
181.500  (d) corrected.............................................24464
182.15-40  (a)(3) amended..........................................50735
182.20-40  (a)(2)(ii) amended......................................50735
182.320  (a) corrected.............................................20557
182.425  (b)(6) corrected..........................................20557
182.430  Corrected.................................................20557
    (k) corrected..................................................24464
182.520  (j)(1) corrected..........................................20557
183.130  (a) corrected.............................................20557
183.340  (p) corrected.............................................20557
183.350  (d) corrected.............................................20557
183.530  (c) corrected.............................................24465
184.01-3  (a) amended..............................................50735
185.115  (a) corrected.............................................24465
185.506  (b)(1) corrected..........................................20557
185.602  (c) corrected.............................................24465
185.614  Corrected.................................................24465
188.05-10  (d) revised; interim....................................25312
188.10-52  Removed; interim........................................25312
188.10-53  Revised; interim........................................25312
188.27-1 (Subpart 188.27)  Added; interim..........................25312
188.35-5  (b) amended..............................................50735
189.15-1  Revised; interim.........................................25312
189.20-20  (a) introductory text redesignated as introductory 
        text; (a)(1) through (4) redesignated as (a) through (d); 
        new (a) revised; interim...................................25312
189.25-15  Revised; interim........................................25312
189.40-3  (e)(1), (3) and (g) amended..............................50735
189.55-15  (a)(2) and (3) amended..................................50735
189.60-30  Removed.................................................26011
189.60-45  (a) amended.............................................50735
190.01-3  (a) amended..............................................50735
190.01-13  Removed.................................................26011
190.20-1--190.20-90 (Subpart 190.20)  Revised......................26011
192  Removed; interim..............................................25312
193.01-3  (a) amended..............................................50735
193.05-20  Removed.................................................26012
193.10-10  (d) and (i) revised; (i-1) and (i-2) removed; (j) and 
        (k) redesignated as (l) and (m); new (j) and new (k) added
                                                                   26012
193.10-90  Revised.................................................26013
195.01-3  (a) amended..............................................50735
195.06-1 (Subpart 195.06)  Added; interim..........................25312
196  Authority citation revised....................................25312
196.03-1 (Subpart 196.03)  Removed.................................26013
196.13-1  Revised; interim.........................................25313
196.13-5  Removed; interim.........................................25313
196.13-10  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.13-15  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.13-20  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.14-1--196.14-20 (Subpart 196.14)  Removed; interim.............25313
196.15-25  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.15-35  Revised; interim........................................25313
196.15-37  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.15-40  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.15-45  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.15-50  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.15-65  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.15-70  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.17-1 (Subpart 196.17)  Removed.................................26013
196.18-1 (Subpart 196.18)  Removed.................................26013
196.23-1 (Subpart 196.23)  Removed.................................26013
196.27-10  Removed.................................................26013
196.33-1 (Subpart 196.33)  Revised.................................26013
196.35-3  Revised..................................................26013
196.35-5  (a) introductory text redesignated as introductory text; 
        (a)(6) and (8) removed; (a)(1) through (5), (7) and (9) 
        through (13) redesignated as (a) through (k); new (a) 
        revised; interim...........................................25313
196.35-10  Removed.................................................26013
196.37-37  Revised; interim........................................25313

[[Page 522]]

196.37-40  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.37-43  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.37-45  Removed.................................................26013
196.37-49  Removed; interim........................................25313
196.39-1 (Subpart 196.39)  Removed; interim........................25313
196.43-1--196.43-5 (Subpart 196.43)  Revised.......................26013
196.60-1 (Subpart 196.60)  Removed.................................26013
196.75-1 (Subpart 196.75)  Removed.................................26013
196.90-1--196.90-10 (Subpart 196.90)  Removed; interim.............25313
197.205  (b)(1) amended............................................50735
197.510  (a) and (b) amended.......................................50735
199 (Subchapter W)  Added; interim.................................25313
    Comment period reopening.........................