[Title 21 CFR 606]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - April 1, 1996 Edition]
[Title 21 - FOOD AND DRUGS]
[Chapter I - FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION,]
[Subchapter F - BIOLOGICS]
[Part 606 - CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]




  21
  FOOD AND DRUGS
  7
  1996-04-01
  1996-04-01
  false
  CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS
  606
  PART 606
  
    FOOD AND DRUGS
    FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION,
    BIOLOGICS
  


PART 606--CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS--Table of Contents




                      Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
606.3  Definitions.

                  Subpart B--Organization and Personnel

606.20  Personnel.

                     Subpart C--Plant and Facilities

606.40  Facilities.

                          Subpart D--Equipment

606.60  Equipment.
606.65  Supplies and reagents.

                          Subpart E--[Reserved]

               Subpart F--Production and Process Controls

606.100  Standard operating procedures.
606.110  Plateletpheresis, leukapheresis, and plasmapheresis.

                   Subpart G--Finished Product Control

606.120  Labeling, general requirements.
606.121  Container label.
606.122  Instruction circular.

                     Subpart H--Laboratory Controls

606.140  Laboratory controls.
606.151  Compatibility testing.

                     Subpart I--Records and Reports

606.160  Records.
606.165  Distribution and receipt; procedures and records.
606.170  Adverse reaction file.

    Authority: Secs. 201, 301, 501, 502, 505, 510, 520, 701, 704 of the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321, 331, 351, 352, 355, 
360, 360j, 371, 374); secs. 215, 351, 353, 361 of the Public Health 
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 216, 262, 263a, 264).

    Source: 40 FR 53532, Nov. 18, 1975, unless otherwise noted.



                      Subpart A--General Provisions



Sec. 606.3   Definitions.

    As used in this part:
    (a) Blood means whole blood collected from a single donor and 
processed either for transfusion or further manufacturing.
    (b) Unit means the volume of blood or one of its components in a 
suitable volume of anticoagulant obtained from a single collection of 
blood from one donor.
    (c) Component means that part of a single-donor unit of blood 
separated by physical or mechanical means.
    (d) Plasma for further manufacturing means that liquid portion of 
blood separated and used as material to prepare another product.
    (e) Plasmapheresis means the procedure in which blood is removed 
from the donor, the plasma is separated from the formed elements and at 
least the red blood cells are returned to the donor. This process may be 
immediately repeated, once.
    (f) Plateletpheresis means the procedure in which blood is removed 
from the donor, a platelet concentrate is separated, and the remaining 
formed elements and residual plasma are returned to the donor.
    (g) Leukapheresis means the procedure in which blood is removed from 
the donor, a leukocyte concentrate is separated, and the remaining 
formed elements and residual plasma are returned to the donor.
    (h) Facilities means any area used for the collection, processing, 
compatibility testing, storage or distribution of blood and blood 
components.
    (i) Processing means any procedure employed after collection and 
before compatibility testing of blood and includes the identification of 
a unit of donor blood, the preparation of components from such unit of 
donor blood, serological testing, labeling and associated recordkeeping.
    (j) Compatibility testing means the in vitro serological tests 
performed on donor and recipient blood samples to establish the 
serological matching of a

[[Page 34]]

donor's blood or blood components with that of a potential recipient.



                  Subpart B--Organization and Personnel



Sec. 606.20   Personnel.

    (a) A blood establishment shall be under the direction of a 
designated, qualified person who shall exercise control of the 
establishment in all matters relating to compliance with the provisions 
of this subchapter. This person shall also have the authority to 
represent the establishment in all pertinent matters with the Center for 
Biologics Evaluation and Research and to enforce, or direct the 
enforcement of, discipline and the performance of assigned functions by 
employees engaged in the collection, processing, compatibility testing, 
storage and distribution of blood and blood components. The designated 
director shall have an understanding of the scientific principles and 
techniques involved in the manufacture of blood products and shall have 
the responsibility for ensuring that employees are adequately trained in 
standard operating procedures and that they are aware of the application 
of the pertinent provisions of this chapter to their respective 
functions.
    (b) The personnel responsible for the collection, processing, 
compatibility testing, storage or distribution of blood or blood 
components shall be adequate in number, educational background, training 
and experience, including professional training as necessary, or 
combination thereof, to assure competent performance of their assigned 
functions, and to ensure that the final product has the safety, purity, 
potency, identity and effectiveness it purports or is represented to 
possess. All personnel shall have capabilities commensurate with their 
assigned functions, a thorough understanding of the procedures or 
control operations they perform, the necessary training or experience, 
and adequate information concerning the application of pertinent 
provisions of this part to their respective functions.
    (c) Persons whose presence can adversely affect the safety and 
purity of the products shall be excluded from areas where the 
collection, processing, compatibility testing, storage or distribution 
of blood or blood components is conducted.

[40 FR 53532, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 49 FR 23833, June 8, 1984; 55 
FR 11014, Mar. 26, 1990]



                     Subpart C--Plant and Facilities



Sec. 606.40   Facilities.

    Facilities shall be maintained in a clean and orderly manner, and 
shall be of suitable size, construction and location to facilitate 
adequate cleaning, maintenance and proper operations. The facilities 
shall:
    (a) Provide adequate space for the following when applicable:
    (1) Private and accurate examinations of individuals to determine 
their suitability as blood donors.
    (2) The withdrawal of blood from donors with minimal risk of 
contamination, or exposure to activities and equipment unrelated to 
blood collection.
    (3) The storage of blood or blood components pending completion of 
tests.
    (4) The quarantine storage of blood or blood components in a 
designated location pending repetition of those tests that initially 
gave questionable serological results.
    (5) The storage of finished products prior to distribution.
    (6) The quarantine storage, handling and disposition of products and 
reagents not suitable for use.
    (7) The orderly collection, processing, compatibility testing, 
storage and distribution of blood and blood components to prevent 
contamination.
    (8) The adequate and proper performance of all steps in 
plasmapheresis, plateletpheresis and leukapheresis procedures.
    (9) The orderly conduction of all packaging, labeling and other 
finishing operations.
    (b) Provide adequate lighting, ventilation and screening of open 
windows and doors.
    (c) Provide adequate, clean, and convenient handwashing facilities 
for personnel, and adequate, clean, and convenient toilet facilities for 
donors and personnel. Drains shall be of adequate size and, where 
connected directly to a

[[Page 35]]

sewer, shall be equipped with traps to prevent back-siphonage.
    (d) Provide for safe and sanitary disposal for the following:
    (1) Trash and items used during the collection, processing and 
compatibility testing of blood and blood components.
    (2) Blood and blood components not suitable for use or distribution.



                          Subpart D--Equipment



Sec. 606.60   Equipment.

    (a) Equipment used in the collection, processing, compatibility 
testing, storage and distribution of blood and blood components shall be 
maintained in a clean and orderly manner and located so as to facilitate 
cleaning and maintenance. The equipment shall be observed, standardized 
and calibrated on a regularly scheduled basis as prescribed in the 
Standard Operating Procedures Manual and shall perform in the manner for 
which it was designed so as to assure compliance with the official 
requirements prescribed in this chapter for blood and blood products.
    (b) Equipment that shall be observed, standardized and calibrated 
with at least the following frequency, include but are not limited to:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Equipment                   Performance check            Frequency         Frequency of calibration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Temperature recorder..............  Compare against             Daily................  As necessary.            
                                     thermometer.                                                               
Refrigerated centrifuge...........  Observe speed and           Each day of use......      Do.                  
                                     temperature.                                                               
Hematocrit centrifuge.............  ..........................  .....................  Standardize before       
                                                                                        initial use, after      
                                                                                        repairs or adjustments, 
                                                                                        and annually. Timer     
                                                                                        every 3 mo.             
General lab centrifuge............  ..........................  .....................  Tachometer every 6 mo.   
Automated blood-typing machine....  Observe controls for        Each day of use......                           
                                     correct results.                                                           
Hemoglobinometer..................  Standardize against         ......do.............                           
                                     cyanmethemoglobin                                                          
                                     standard.                                                                  
Refractometer.....................  Standardize against         ......do.............                           
                                     distilled water.                                                           
Blood container scale.............  Standardize against         ......do.............  As necessary.            
                                     container of known weight.                                                 
Water bath........................  Observe temperature.......  ......do.............      Do.                  
Rh view box.......................  ......do..................  ......do.............      Do.                  
Autoclave.........................  ......do..................  Each time of use.....      Do.                  
Serologic rotators................  Observe controls for        Each day of use......  Speed as necessary.      
                                     correct results.                                                           
Laboratory thermometers...........  ..........................  .....................  Before initial use.      
Electronic thermometers...........  ..........................  .....................  Monthly.                 
Vacuum blood agitator.............  Observe weight of the       Each day of use......  Standardize with         
                                     first container of blood                           container of known mass 
                                     filled for correct                                 or volume before initial
                                     results.                                           use, and after repairs  
                                                                                        or adjustments.         
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) Equipment employed in the sterilization of materials used in 
blood collection or for disposition of contaminated products shall be 
designed, maintained and utilized to ensure the destruction of 
contaminating microorganisms. The effectiveness of the sterilization 
procedure shall be no less than that achieved by an attained temperature 
of 121.5 deg. C (251 deg. F) maintained for 20 minutes by saturated 
steam or by an attained temperature of 170 deg. C (338 deg. F) 
maintained for 2 hours with dry heat.

[40 FR 53532, Nov. 18, 1975; 40 FR 55849, Dec. 2, 1975, as amended at 45 
FR 9261, Feb. 12, 1980; 57 FR 11263, Apr. 2, 1992; 57 FR 12862, Apr. 13, 
1992]



Sec. 606.65   Supplies and reagents.

    All supplies and reagents used in the collection, processing, 
compatibility testing, storage and distribution of blood and blood 
components shall be stored in a safe, sanitary and orderly manner.
    (a) All surfaces coming in contact with blood and blood components 
intended for transfusion shall be sterile, pyrogen-free, and shall not 
interact with the product in such a manner as to have an adverse effect 
upon the safety, purity, potency or effectiveness of the product. All 
final containers and closures for blood and blood components not 
intended for transfusion shall be clean and free of surface solids and 
other contaminants.

[[Page 36]]

    (b) Each blood collecting container and its satellite container(s), 
if any, shall be examined visually for damage or evidence of 
contamination prior to its use and immediately after filling. Such 
examination shall include inspection for breakage of seals, when 
indicated, and abnormal discoloration. Where any defect is observed, the 
container shall not be used, or, if detected after filling, shall be 
properly discarded.
    (c) Representative samples of each lot of the following reagents or 
solutions shall be tested on a regularly scheduled basis by methods 
described in the Standard Operating Procedures Manual to determine their 
capacity to perform as required:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Reagent or solution                  Frequency of testing    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anti-human globulin......................  Each day of use.             
Blood grouping reagents..................      Do.                      
Lectins..................................      Do.                      
Antibody screening and reverse grouping        Do.                      
 cells.                                                                 
Hepatitis test reagents..................  Each run.                    
Syphilis serology reagents...............      Do.                      
Enzymes..................................  Each day of use.             
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) Supplies and reagents that do not bear an expiration date shall 
be stored in such a manner that the oldest is used first.
    (e) Supplies and reagents shall be used in a manner consistent with 
instructions provided by the manufacturer.
    (f) Items that are required to be sterile and come into contact with 
blood should be disposable whenever possible.

[40 FR 53532, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 59 FR 23636, May 6, 1994]



                          Subpart E--[Reserved]



               Subpart F--Production and Process Controls



Sec. 606.100   Standard operating procedures.

    (a) In all instances, except clinical investigations, standard 
operating procedures shall comply with published additional standards in 
part 640 of this chapter for the products being processed; except that, 
references in part 640 relating to licenses, licensed establishments and 
submission of material or data to or approval by the Director, Center 
for Biologics Evaluation and Research, are not applicable to 
establishments not subject to licensure under section 351 of the Public 
Health Service Act.
    (b) Written standard operating procedures shall be maintained and 
shall include all steps to be followed in the collection, processing, 
compatibility testing, storage and distribution of blood and blood 
components for homologous transfusion, autologous transfusion and 
further manufacturing purposes. Such procedures shall be available to 
the personnel for use in the areas where the procedures are performed, 
unless this is impractical. The written standard operating procedures 
shall include, but are not limited to, descriptions of the following, 
when applicable:
    (1) Criteria used to determine donor suitability, including 
acceptable medical history criteria.
    (2) Methods of performing donor qualifying tests and measurements, 
including minimum and maximum values for a test or procedure when a 
factor in determining acceptability.
    (3) Solutions and methods used to prepare the site of phlebotomy to 
give maximum assurance of a sterile container of blood.
    (4) Method of accurately relating the product(s) to the donor.
    (5) Blood collection procedure, including in-process precautions 
taken to measure accurately the quantity of blood removed from the 
donor.
    (6) Methods of component preparation, including any time 
restrictions for specific steps in processing.
    (7) All tests and repeat tests performed on blood and blood 
components during processing, including testing for hepatitis B surface 
antigen as prescribed in Sec. 610.40 of this chapter.
    (8) Pretransfusion testing, where applicable, including precautions 
to be taken to identify accurately the recipient blood samples and 
crossmatched donor units.
    (9) Procedures for investigating adverse donor and recipient 
reactions.
    (10) Storage temperatures and methods of controlling storage 
temperatures for all blood products and reagents as prescribed in 
Secs. 600.15 and 610.53 of this chapter.

[[Page 37]]

    (11) Length of expiration dates, if any, assigned for all final 
products as prescribed in Sec. 610.53 of this chapter.
    (12) Criteria for determining whether returned blood is suitable for 
reissue.
    (13) Procedures used for relating a unit of blood or blood component 
from the donor to its final disposition.
    (14) Quality control procedures for supplies and reagents employed 
in blood collection, processing and pretransfusion testing.
    (15) Schedules and procedures for equipment maintenance and 
calibration.
    (16) Labeling procedures, including safeguards to avoid labeling 
mixups.
    (17) Procedures of plasmapheresis, plateletpheresis, and 
leukapheresis, if performed, including precautions to be taken to ensure 
reinfusion of a donor's own cells.
    (18) Procedure for preparing recovered (salvaged) plasma, if 
performed, including details of separation, pooling, labeling, storage 
and distribution.
    (c) All records pertinent to the lot or unit maintained pursuant to 
these regulations shall be reviewed before the release or distribution 
of a lot or unit of final product. The review or portions of the review 
may be performed at appropriate periods during or after blood 
collecting, processing, compatibility testing and storing. A thorough 
investigation, including the conclusions and followup, of any 
unexplained discrepancy or the failure of a lot or unit to meet any of 
its specifications shall be made and recorded.
    (d) In addition to the requirements of this subpart and in 
conformity with this section, any facility may utilize current standard 
operating procedures such as the manuals of the following organizations, 
as long as such specific procedures are consistent with, and at least as 
stringent as, the requirements contained in this part.
    (1) American Association of Blood Banks.
    (2) American National Red Cross.
    (3) Other organizations or individual blood banks, subject to 
approval by the Director, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.

[40 FR 53532, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 49 FR 23833, June 8, 1984; 55 
FR 11013, Mar. 26, 1990]



Sec. 606.110   Plateletpheresis, leukapheresis, and plasmapheresis.

    (a) The use of plateletpheresis and leukapheresis procedures to 
obtain a product for a specific recipient may be at variance with the 
additional standards for specific products prescribed in this part 
provided that: (1) A physician has determined that the recipient must be 
transfused with the leukocytes or platelets from a specific donor, and 
(2) the procedure is performed under the supervision of a qualified 
licensed physician who is aware of the health status of the donor, and 
the physician has certified in writing that the donor's health permits 
plateletpheresis or leukapheresis.
    (b) Plasmapheresis of donors who do not meet the donor requirements 
of Secs. 640.63, 640.64 and 640.65 of this chapter for the collection of 
plasma containing rare antibodies shall be permitted only with the prior 
approval of the Director, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.

[40 FR 53532, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 49 FR 23833, June 8, 1984; 55 
FR 11013, Mar. 26, 1990]



                   Subpart G--Finished Product Control



Sec. 606.120  Labeling, general requirements.

    (a) Labeling operations shall be separated physically or spatially 
from other operations in a manner adequate to prevent mixups.
    (b) The labeling operation shall include the following labeling 
controls:
    (1) Labels shall be held upon receipt, pending review and proofing 
against an approved final copy, to ensure accuracy regarding identity, 
content, and conformity with the approved copy.
    (2) Each type of label representing different products shall be 
stored and maintained in a manner to prevent mixups, and stocks of 
obsolete labels shall be destroyed.
    (3) All necessary checks in labeling procedures shall be utilized to 
prevent errors in translating test results to container labels.
    (c) All labeling shall be clear and legible.

[50 FR 35469, Aug. 30, 1985]

[[Page 38]]



Sec. 606.121  Container label.

    (a) The container label requirements are designed to facilitate the 
use of a uniform container label for blood and blood components (except 
Source Plasma) by all blood establishments. Single copies of an FDA 
guideline entitled ``Guideline for the Uniform Labeling of Blood and 
Blood Components'' are available upon request (under Docket No. 80N-
0120) from the Dockets Management Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug 
Administration, Rm. 1-23, 12420 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20857 
(copies of the guideline are available also from the American Blood 
Commission, 1901 North Ft. Myer Drive, Suite 300, Arlington, VA 22209).
    (b) The label provided by the collecting facility and the initial 
processing facility shall not be removed, altered, or obscured, except 
that the label may be altered to indicate the proper name and other 
information required to identify accurately the contents of a container 
after blood components have been prepared.
    (c) The container label shall include the following information, as 
well as other specialized information as required in this section for 
specific products:
    (1) The proper name of the product in a prominent position, and 
modifier(s), if appropriate.
    (2) The name, address, registration number, and, if a licensed 
product, the license number of each manufacturer.
    (3) The donor, pool, or lot number relating the unit to the donor.
    (4) The expiration date, including the day, month, and year, and, if 
the dating period for the product is 72 hours or less, the hour of 
expiration.
    (5) If the product is intended for transfusion, the appropriate 
donor classification statement, i.e., ``paid donor'' or ``volunteer 
donor'', in no less prominence than the proper name of the product.
    (i) A paid donor is a person who receives monetary payment for a 
blood donation.
    (ii) A volunteer donor is a person who does not receive monetary 
payment for a blood donation.
    (iii) Benefits, such as time off from work, membership in blood 
assurance programs, and cancellation of nonreplacement fees that are not 
readily convertible to cash, do not constitute monetary payment within 
the meaning of this paragraph.
    (6) For Whole Blood, Plasma, Platelets, and partial units of Red 
Blood Cells, the volume of the product, accurate to within 
10 percent; or optionally for Platelets, the volume range 
within reasonable limits.
    (7) The recommended storage temperature (in degrees Celsius).
    (8) If the product is intended for transfusion, the statements:
    (i) ``Caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without 
prescription.''
    (ii) ``See circular of information for indications, 
contraindications, cautions, and methods of infusion.''
    (iii) ``Properly identify intended recipient.''
    (9) The statement: ``This product may transmit infectious agents.''
    (10) Where applicable, the name and volume of source material.
    (11) The statement: ``Caution: For Manufacturing Use Only'', when 
applicable.
    (12) If the product is intended for transfusion, the ABO and Rh 
groups of the donor shall be designated conspicuously. For 
Cryoprecipitated AHF, the Rh group may be omitted. The Rh group shall be 
designated as follows:
    (i) If the test using Anti-D Blood Grouping Reagent is positive, the 
product shall be labeled: ``Rh positive.''
    (ii) If the test using Anti-D Blood Grouping Reagent is negative but 
the test for Du is positive, the product shall be labeled: ``Rh 
positive.''
    (iii) If the test using Anti-D Blood Grouping Reagent is negative 
and the test for Du is negative, the product shall be labeled: ``Rh 
negative.''
    (13) The container label may bear encoded information in the form of 
machine-readable symbols approved for use by the Director, Center for 
Biologics Evaluation and Research (HFB-1).
    (d) Except for recovered plasma intended for manufacturing use or as 
otherwise approved by the Director, Center for Biologics Evaluation and 
Research (HFB-1), the paper of the container label shall be white and 
print shall be solid black, with the following additional exceptions:

[[Page 39]]

    (1) The Rh blood group shall be printed as follows:
    (i) Rh positive: Use black print on white background.
    (ii) Rh negative: Use white print on black background.
    (2) The proper name of the product, any appropriate modifier(s), the 
donor classification statement, and the statement ``properly identify 
intended recipient'' shall be printed in solid red.
    (3) The following color scheme may be used optionally for 
differentiating ABO Blood groups:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Blood group                     Color of label paper        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
O                                   Blue.                               
A                                   Yellow.                             
B                                   Pink.                               
AB                                  White.                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (4) Ink colors used for the optional color coding system described 
in paragraph (d)(3) of this section shall be a visual match to specific 
color samples designated by the Director, Center for Biologics 
Evaluation and Research (HFB-1).
    (5) Special labels, such as those described in paragraphs (h) and 
(i) of this section, may be color coded using the colors recommended in 
the guideline (see paragraph (a) of this section), or colors otherwise 
approved for use by the Director, Center for Biologics Evaluation and 
Research (HFB-1).
    (e) Container label requirements for particular products or groups 
of products.
    (1) Whole Blood labels shall include:
    (i) The volume of anticoagulant.
    (ii) The name of the applicable anticoagulant immediately preceding 
and of no less prominence than the proper name and expressd as follows: 
(a) ACD, (b) CPD, (c) Heparin, (d) CPDA-1, (e) CP2D, or by other 
nomenclature approved for use by the Director, Office of Biologics 
Research and Review (HFN-800), Center for Drugs and Biologics.
    (iii) If tests for unexpected antibodies are positive, blood 
intended for transfusion shall be labeled: ``Contains (name of 
antibody).''
    (2) Except for frozen, deglycerolized, or washed Red Blood Cell 
products, red blood cell labels shall include:
    (i) The volume and kind of Whole Blood, including the type of 
anticoagulant, from which the product was prepared.
    (ii) If tests for unexpected antibodies are positive and the product 
is intended for transfusion, the statement: ``Contains (name of 
antibody).''
    (3) Labels for products with a dating period of 72 hours or less, 
including any product prepared in a system that may compromise 
sterility, shall bear the hour of expiration.
    (4) If tests for unexpected antibodies are positive, Plasma intended 
for transfusion shall be labeled: ``Contains (name of antibody).''
    (5) Recovered plasma labels shall include:
    (i) In lieu of an expiration date, the date of collection of the 
oldest material in the container.
    (ii) The statement: ``Caution: For Manufacturing Use Only''; or 
``Caution: For Use in Manufacturing Noninjectable Products Only'', as 
applicable.
    (iii) For recovered plasma not meeting the requirements for 
manufacture into licensable products, the statement: ``Not for Use in 
Products Subject to License Under Section 351 of the Public Health 
Service Act.''
    (f) Blood and blood components determined to be unsuitable for 
transfusion shall be prominently labeled: ``NOT FOR TRANSFUSION'', and 
the label shall state the reason the unit is considered unsuitable. The 
provision does not apply to recovered plasma labeled according to 
paragraph (e)(5) of this section.
    (g) As required under Sec. 610.40 of this chapter, labels for blood 
and blood components that are reactive for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen, 
but that are intended for further manufacturing, shall state 
conspicuously that the material is reactive when tested for hepatitis B 
surface antigen and may transmit viral hepatitis or, as applicable, that 
blood was collected from a donor known to be reactive for hepatitis B 
surface antigen and is presumed to be infectious, although confirmatory 
hepatitis testing has not been done.
    (h) The following additional information shall appear on the label 
for blood or blood components shipped in an emergency, prior to 
completion of

[[Page 40]]

required tests, in accordance with Sec. 640.2(f) of this chapter:
    (1) The statement: ``FOR EMERGENCY USE ONLY BY ________.''
    (2) Results of any tests prescribed under Secs. 610.40, 610.45, and 
640.5 (a), (b), or (c) of this chapter completed before shipment.
    (3) Indication of any tests prescribed under Secs. 610.40, 610.45, 
and 640.5 (a), (b), or (c) of this chapter and not completed before 
shipment.
    (i) The following additional information shall appear on the label 
for Whole Blood or Red Blood Cells intended for autologous infusion:
    (1) Information adequately identifying the patient, e.g., name, 
blood group, hospital, and identification number.
    (2) Date of donation.
    (3) The statement: ``FOR AUTOLOGOUS USE ONLY.''
    (4) In place of the blood group label, each container of blood 
intended for autologous use and obtained from a donor who fails to meet 
any of the donor suitability requirements under Sec. 640.3 of this 
chapter or who is reactive in the hepatitis tests prescribed under 
Sec. 610.40 of this chapter shall be prominently and permanently 
labeled: ``FOR AUTOLOGOUS USE ONLY.''
    (5) Units of blood originally intended for autologous use, except 
those labeled as prescribed under paragraph (i)(4) of this section, may 
be issued for homologous transfusion provided the container label 
complies with all applicable provisions of paragraphs (b) through (e) of 
this section. In such case, the special label required under paragraph 
(i) (1), (2), and (3) of this section shall be removed or otherwise 
obscured.
    (j) A tie-tag attached to the container may be used for providing 
the information required by paragraph (e) (1)(iii), (2)(ii), and (4), 
(h), or (i)(1), (2), and (3) of this section.

[50 FR 35469, Aug. 30, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 116, Jan. 5, 1988; 55 
FR 11014, Mar. 26, 1990; 57 FR 10814, Mar. 31, 1992; 59 FR 23636, May 6, 
1994]

    Effective Date Note: The information collection requirements 
contained in Sec. 606.121 will not become effective until OMB approval 
has been obtained. FDA will publish a notice of OMB approval in the 
Federal Register.



Sec. 606.122  Instruction circular.

    An instruction circular shall be available for distribution if the 
product is intended for transfusion. The instruction circular shall 
provide adequate directions for use, including the following 
information:
    (a) Instructions to mix the product before use.
    (b) Instructions to use a filter in the administration equipment.
    (c) The statement ``Do Not Add Medications'' or an explanation 
concerning allowable additives.
    (d) A description of the product, its source, and preparation, 
including the name and proportion of the anticoagulant used in 
collecting the Whole Blood from each product is prepared.
    (e) Statements that the product was prepared from blood that was 
negative when tested for antibody to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 
and nonreactive for hepatitis B surface antigen by FDA required tests 
and nonreactive when tested for syphilis by a serologic test for 
syphilis (STS).
    (f) The statements: ``Warning. The risk of transmitting hepatitis is 
present. Careful donor selection and available laboratory tests do not 
eliminate the hazard.''
    (g) The names of cryoprotective agents and other additives that may 
still be present in the product.
    (h) The names and results of all tests performed when necessary for 
safe and effective use.
    (i) The use of the product, indications, contradications, side 
effects and hazards, dosage and administration recommendations.
    (j) [Reserved]
    (k) For Red Blood Cells, the instruction circular shall contain:
    (1) Instructions to administer a suitable plasma volume expander if 
Red Blood Cells are substituted when Whole Blood is the indicated 
product.
    (2) A warning not to add Lactated Ringer's Injection U.S.P. solution 
to Red Blood Cell products.
    (l) For Platelets, the instruction circular shall contain:

[[Page 41]]

    (1) The approximate volume of plasma from which a sample unit of 
Platelets is prepared.
    (2) Instructions to begin administration as soon as possible, but 
not more than 4 hours after entering the container.
    (m) For Plasma, the instruction circular shall contain:
    (1) A warning against further processing of the frozen product if 
there is evidence of breakage or thawing.
    (2) Instructions to thaw the frozen product at a temperature between 
30 and 37  deg.C.
    (3) When applicable, instructions to begin administration of the 
product within 6 hours after thawing.
    (4) Instructions to administer to ABO-group-compatible recipients.
    (5) A statement that this product has the same hepatitis risk as 
Whole Blood; other plasma volume expanders without this risk are 
available for treating hypovolemia.
    (n) For Cryoprecipitated AHF, the instruction circular shall 
contain:
    (1) A statement that the average potency is 80 or more International 
Units of antihemophilic factor.
    (2) The statement: ``Usually contains at least 150 milligrams of 
fibrinogen''; or, alternatively, the average fibrinogen level determined 
by assay of representative units.
    (3) A warning against further processing of the product if there is 
evidence of breakage or thawing.
    (4) Instructions to thaw the product for no more than 15 minutes at 
a temperature of 37  deg.C.
    (5) Instructions to store at room temperature after thawing and to 
begin administration as soon as possible but no more than 4 hours after 
entering the container or after pooling and within 6 hours after 
thawing.
    (6) A statement that 0.9 percent Sodium Chloride Injection U.S.P. is 
the preferred diluent.
    (7) Adequate instructions for pooling to ensure complete removal of 
all concentrated material from each container.
    (8) The statement: ``Good patient management requires monitoring 
treatment responses to Cryoprecipitated AHF transfusions with periodic 
plasma factor VIII or fibrinogen assays in hemophilia A and 
hypofibrinogenemic recipients, respectively.''

[50 FR 35470, Aug. 30, 1985, as amended at 53 FR 116, Jan. 5, 1988]

    Effective Date Note: The information collection requirements 
contained in Sec. 606.122 will not become effective until OMB approval 
has been obtained. FDA will publish a notice of OMB approval in the 
Federal Register.



                     Subpart H--Laboratory Controls



Sec. 606.140   Laboratory controls.

    Laboratory control procedures shall include:
    (a) The establishment of scientifically sound and appropriate 
specifications, standards and test procedures to assure that blood and 
blood components are safe, pure, potent and effective.
    (b) Adequate provisions for monitoring the reliability, accuracy, 
precision and performance of laboratory test procedures and instruments.
    (c) Adequate identification and handling of all test samples so that 
they are accurately related to the specific unit of product being 
tested, or to its donor, or to the specific recipient, where applicable.



Sec. 606.151   Compatibility testing.

    Standard operating procedures for compatibility testing shall 
include the following:
    (a) A method of collecting and identifying the blood samples of 
recipients to ensure positive identification.
    (b) The use of fresh recipient serum samples less than 48 hours old 
for all pretransfusion testing.
    (c) The testing of the donor's cells with the recipient's serum 
(major crossmatch) by a method that will demonstrate agglutinating, 
coating and hemolytic antibodies, which shall include the antiglobulin 
method.
    (d) A provision that, if the unit of donor's blood has not been 
screened by a method that will demonstrate agglutinating, coating and 
hemolytic antibodies, the recipient's cells shall be tested with the 
donor's serum (minor crossmatch) by a method that will so demonstrate.

[[Page 42]]

    (e) Procedures to expedite transfusions in life-threatening 
emergencies. Records of all such incidents shall be maintained, 
including complete documentation justifying the emergency action, which 
shall be signed by the physician requesting the procedure.



                     Subpart I--Records and Reports



Sec. 606.160   Records.

    (a)(1) Records shall be maintained concurrently with the performance 
of each significant step in the collection, processing, compatibility 
testing, storage and distribution of each unit of blood and blood 
components so that all steps can be clearly traced. All records shall be 
legible and indelible, and shall identify the person performing the 
work, include dates of the various entries, show test results as well as 
the interpretation of the results, show the expiration date assigned to 
specific products, and be as detailed as necessary to provide a complete 
history of the work performed.
    (2) Appropriate records shall be available from which to determine 
lot numbers of supplies and reagents used for specific lots or units of 
the final product.
    (b) Records shall be maintained that include, but are not limited 
to, the following when applicable:
    (1) Donor records:
    (i) Donor selection, including medical interview and examination and 
where applicable, informed consent.
    (ii) Permanent and temporary deferrals for health reasons including 
reason(s) for deferral.
    (iii) Donor adverse reaction complaints and reports, including 
results of all investigations and followup.
    (iv) Therapeutic bleedings, including signed requests from attending 
physicians, the donor's disease and disposition of units.
    (v) Immunization, including informed consent, identification of the 
antigen, dosage and route of administration.
    (vi) Blood collection, including identification of the phlebotomist.
    (2) Processing records:
    (i) Blood processing, including results and interpretation of all 
tests and retests.
    (ii) Component preparation, including all relevant dates and times.
    (iii) Separation and pooling of recovered plasma.
    (iv) Centrifugation and pooling of source plasma.
    (v) Labeling, including initials of person(s) responsible.
    (3) Storage and distribution records:
    (i) Distribution and disposition, as appropriate, of blood and blood 
products.
    (ii) Visual inspection of whole blood and red blood cells during 
storage and immediately before distribution.
    (iii) Storage temperature, including initialed temperature recorder 
charts.
    (iv) Reissue, including records of proper temperature maintenance.
    (v) Emergency release of blood, including signature of requesting 
physician obtained before or after release.
    (4) Compatibility test records:
    (i) Results of all compatibility tests, including crossmatching, 
testing of patient samples, antibody screening and identification.
    (ii) Results of confirmatory testing.
    (5) Quality control records:
    (i) Calibration and standardization of equipment.
    (ii) Performance checks of equipment and reagents.
    (iii) Periodic check on sterile technique.
    (iv) Periodic tests of capacity of shipping containers to maintain 
proper temperature in transit.
    (v) Proficiency test results.
    (6) Transfusion reaction reports and complaints, including records 
of investigations and followup.
    (7) General records:
    (i) Sterilization of supplies and reagents prepared within the 
facility, including date, time interval, temperature and mode.
    (ii) Responsible personnel.
    (iii) Errors and accidents.
    (iv) Maintenance records for equipment and general physical plant.
    (v) Supplies and reagents, including name of manufacturer or 
supplier, lot numbers, expiration date and date of receipt.
    (vi) Disposition of rejected supplies and reagents used in the 
collection, processing and compatibility testing of blood and blood 
components.

[[Page 43]]

    (c) A donor number shall be assigned to each accepted donor, which 
relates the unit of blood collected to that donor, to his medical 
record, to any component or blood product from that donor's unit of 
blood, and to all records describing the history and ultimate 
disposition of these products.
    (d) Records shall be retained for such interval beyond the 
expiration date for the blood or blood component as necessary to 
facilitate the reporting of any unfavorable clinical reactions. The 
retention period shall be no less than 5 years after the records of 
processing have been completed or 6 months after the latest expiration 
date for the individual product, whichever is a later date. When there 
is no expiration date, records shall be retained indefinitely.
    (e) A record shall be available from which unsuitable donors may be 
identified so that products from such individuals will not be 
distributed.



Sec. 606.165   Distribution and receipt; procedures and records.

    (a) Distribution and receipt procedures shall include a system by 
which the distribution or receipt of each unit can be readily determined 
to facilitate its recall, if necessary.
    (b) Distribution records shall contain information to readily 
facilitate the identification of the name and address of the consignee, 
the date and quantity delivered, the lot number of the unit(s), the date 
of expiration or the date of collection, whichever is applicable, or for 
crossmatched blood and blood components, the name of the recipient.
    (c) Receipt records shall contain the name and address of the 
collecting facility, date received, donor or lot number assigned by the 
collecting facility and the date of expiration or the date of 
collection, whichever is applicable.



Sec. 606.170   Adverse reaction file.

    (a) Records shall be maintained of any reports of complaints of 
adverse reactions regarding each unit of blood or blood product arising 
as a result of blood collection or transfusion. A thorough investigation 
of each reported adverse reaction shall be made. A written report of the 
investigation of adverse reactions, including conclusions and followup, 
shall be prepared and maintained as part of the record for that lot or 
unit of final product by the collecting or transfusing facility. When it 
is determined that the product was at fault in causing a transfusion 
reaction, copies of all such written reports shall be forwarded to and 
maintained by the manufacturer or collecting facility.
    (b) When a complication of blood collection or transfusion is 
confirmed to be fatal, the Director, Office of Compliance, Center for 
Biologics Evaluation and Research, shall be notified by telephone or 
telegraph as soon as possible; a written report of the investigation 
shall be submitted to the Director, Office of Compliance, Center for 
Biologics Evaluation and Research, within 7 days after the fatality by 
the collecting facility in the event of a donor reaction, or by the 
facility that performed the compatibility tests in the event of a 
transfusion reaction.

(Information collection requirements approved by the Office of 
Management and Budget under control number 0910-0116)

[40 FR 53532, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 49 FR 23833, June 8, 1984; 50 
FR 35471, Aug. 30, 1985; 55 FR 11014, Mar. 26, 1990]